A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240)
Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.
A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Accessory salivary glands located in the lip, cheek, tongue, floor of mouth, palate and intramaxillary.
Tumors or cancer of the PAROTID GLAND.
A benign tumor characterized histologically by tall columnar epithelium within a lymphoid tissue stroma. It is usually found in the salivary glands, especially the parotid.
A malignant epithelial tumor of glandular tissue, especially the salivary glands, characterized by acini with mucus-producing cells and by the presence of malignant squamous elements. Most mucoepidermoid tumors are low-grade lesions readily cured by adequate excision. They may appear in any age group. They grow slowly. If high-grade, they behave aggressively, widely infiltrating the salivary gland and producing lymph node and distant metastases. (Dorland, 27th ed; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575)
Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed)
A benign, slow-growing tumor, most commonly of the salivary gland, occurring as a small, painless, firm nodule, usually of the parotid gland, but also found in any major or accessory salivary gland anywhere in the oral cavity. It is most often seen in women in the fifth decade. Histologically, the tumor presents a variety of cells: cuboidal, columnar, and squamous cells, showing all forms of epithelial growth. (Dorland, 27th ed)
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
A malignant tumor arising from secreting cells of a racemose gland, particularly the salivary glands. Racemose (Latin racemosus, full of clusters) refers, as does acinar (Latin acinus, grape), to small saclike dilatations in various glands. Acinar cell carcinomas are usually well differentiated and account for about 13% of the cancers arising in the parotid gland. Lymph node metastasis occurs in about 16% of cases. Local recurrences and distant metastases many years after treatment are common. This tumor appears in all age groups and is most common in women. (Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240; from DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575)
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.
A benign neoplasm of the ovary.
Cancer or tumors of the MAXILLA or upper jaw.
Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.
Tumors or cancer of the PALATE, including those of the hard palate, soft palate and UVULA.
Saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained within pathologically formed cavities in the jaw; also nonepithelial cysts (pseudocysts) as they apply to the jaw, e.g., traumatic or solitary cyst, static bone cavity, and aneurysmal bone cyst. True jaw cysts are classified as odontogenic or nonodontogenic.
Neoplasms of the sublingual glands.
A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane.
Tumors or cancer of the MANDIBLE.
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.
Diseases of the lacrimal apparatus.
The GENETIC RECOMBINATION of the parts of two or more GENES resulting in a gene with different or additional regulatory regions, or a new chimeric gene product. ONCOGENE FUSION includes an ONCOGENE as at least one of the fusion partners and such gene fusions are often detected in neoplastic cells and are transcribed into ONCOGENE FUSION PROTEINS. ARTIFICIAL GENE FUSION is carried out in vitro by RECOMBINANT DNA technology.
The air space located in the body of the MAXILLARY BONE near each cheek. Each maxillary sinus communicates with the middle passage (meatus) of the NASAL CAVITY on the same side.
Extraoral body-section radiography depicting an entire maxilla, or both maxilla and mandible, on a single film.
A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.
Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.
A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.
The GENETIC TRANSLATION products of the fusion between an ONCOGENE and another gene. The latter may be of viral or cellular origin.
A pathological process consisting of hardening or fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve.
An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.
A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.
A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)
Modified epidermal cells located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute, such as the fingertips. Merkel cells are closely associated with an expanded terminal bulb of an afferent myelinated nerve fiber. Do not confuse with Merkel's corpuscle which is a combination of a neuron and an epidermal cell.
A species of POLYOMAVIRUS suspected to be the cause of most cases of MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA, a rare but highly lethal form of skin cancer.
Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion of BK VIRUS is associated with ureteral strictures and CYSTITIS, and that of JC VIRUS with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL).
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.
A discipline concerned with studying biological phenomena in terms of the chemical and physical interactions of molecules.

Regulation of human airway mucins by acrolein and inflammatory mediators. (1/163)

Bronchitis, asthma, and cystic fibrosis, marked by inflammation and mucus hypersecretion, can be caused or exacerbated by airway pathogens or irritants including acrolein, an aldehyde present in tobacco smoke. To determine whether acrolein and inflammatory mediators alter mucin gene expression, steady-state mRNA levels of two airway mucins, MUC5AC and MUC5B, were measured (by RT-PCR) in human lung carcinoma cells (NCI-H292). MUC5AC mRNA levels increased after >/=0.01 nM acrolein, 10 microM prostaglandin E2 or 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 1.0 nM tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), or 10 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (a protein kinase C activator). In contrast, MUC5B mRNA levels, although easily detected, were unaffected by these agonists, suggesting that irritants and associated inflammatory mediators increase mucin biosynthesis by inducing MUC5AC message levels, whereas MUC5B is constitutively expressed. When transcription was inhibited, TNF-alpha exposure increased MUC5AC message half-life compared with control level, suggesting that transcript stabilization is a major mechanism controlling increased MUC5AC message levels. Together, these findings imply that irritants like acrolein can directly and indirectly (via inflammatory mediators) increase airway mucin transcripts in epithelial cells.  (+info)

Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the thyroid glands: a case report with clinical manifestation of recurrent neck mass. (2/163)

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia (SMECE) is a recently recognized malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland. About 14 cases of SMECE have been reported and this is the first reported case in Korea. A 57-year-old woman presented with right neck mass for 20 years. Total thyroidectomy was performed under the impression of thyroid carcinoma. The resected thyroid gland showed a poorly circumscribed hard mass. Histologically, the tumor consisted of solid nests of large atypical cells with dense fibrous stroma. The tumor cells showed squamoid appearance with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. There were also rare mucin-containing cells within the nests. Within the hyalinized stroma, numerous eosinophils were found. The surrounding thyroid parenchyma displayed Hashimoto's thyroiditis. There was metastasis in a regional lymph node. Two years after initial surgery, she underwent a modified radical neck dissection due to recurrent neck mass. After the radiation therapy for eight weeks, laryngectomy and esophagectomy were performed due to a recurrent carcinoma in the esophageal wall. We report an additional case of SMECE, with metastasis to regional lymph nodes and esophagus. The tumor appears to be more aggressive than previously reported and a correct diagnosis can be rendered by just examining the metastatic lesions.  (+info)

Characterization of CFTR expression in a human pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line, NCI-H292 cells. (3/163)

The NCI-H292 cell, a human pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line, is commonly used for studying bacterial and viral infections of airway epithelial cells. Dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is the main cause of fetal lung infection in cystic fibrosis patients. In this study, we examined CFTR expression in NCI-H292 cells to determine whether NCI-H292 cells possess sufficient, normally functioning CFTR. The results of RT-PCR and Northern blotting analysis indicated that the CFTR gene expression level was much lower in NCI-H292 cells than in T84 cells. However, Western blotting analysis showed that protein expression in NCI-H292 cells was comparable to that in T84 cells. Furthermore, whole-cell and cell-attached patch clamp electrophysiological techniques indicated that the Cl- current induced by intracellular cAMP elevation in NCI-H292 cells was comparable to that in T84 cells. These findings suggest that NCI-H292 cells with a low level of CFTR gene expression possess enough functional CFTR to show a physiological response.  (+info)

Salivary gland tumors in Jordan: a retrospective study of 221 patients. (4/163)

AIM: To evaluate the types and clinical outcome of salivary gland tumors in Jordan. METHODS: Hospital records of 221 patients (85 women and 136 men) with salivary gland tumors, diagnosed from January 1988 to December 1997 were reviewed. The patients were analyzed according to sex, age, histopathological type and site of the tumor. Survival curves for patients with malignant tumors were constructed using Kaplan-Meier's method. RESULTS: Of the total 221 salivary gland tumors, 155 (70.2%) were parotid tumors, 42 (19%) minor salivary gland tumors, 23 (10.4%) submandibular gland tumors, and a single (0.4%) sublingual gland tumor. Most of the tumors (151, or 68.4%) were classified as benign and 70 (31.6%) were malignant. Men to women ratio was 1.6:1, and the age of the patients ranged from 2 to 81 years. The overall 5 and 10 year-survival rates for the 70 malignant tumors were 67% and 53%, respectively, for all tumor stages. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma had the best, and squamous cell carcinoma the worst 10-year survival rate. Patients treated with surgery and subsequent radiation therapy had better survival rates than those treated with surgery or radiation therapy alone. CONCLUSION: The principal site for salivary gland tumors in Jordan population was the parotid, and the pleo- morphic adenoma the most common pathological finding. Tumor characteristics and survival data for the Jordanian population are comparable to those from western countries.  (+info)

Detection of circulating anti-p53 antibodies in esophageal cancer patients. (5/163)

It has been reported that circulating anti-p53 antibodies (p53-Ab) in the serum are detected in some cancers. To investigate the usefulness of detecting p53-Ab, we measured the circulating p53-Ab in comparison with squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Serum specimens from 46 esophageal cancer patients (42 squamous cell carcinomas, 3 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 1 basaloid squamous carcinoma) and 13 healthy subjects were studied. Serum p53-Ab was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Surgically resected specimens from 43 patients were immunohistochemically stained for p53. Serum SCC-Ag was measured by a radioimmunoassay. The results were analyzed with the clinical data and outcome. Serum p53-Ab was detected in 13 (28%) of the 46 patients, but not in any of the healthy subjects. The positive rate was 0% (0/6) in stage I, 60% (3/5) in stage IIA, 30% (3/10) in stage IIB, 29% (7/24) in stage III and 0% (0/1) in stage IV. There was no difference in the outcome between the p53-Ab-positive and p53-Ab-negative patients. Immunohistochemically, 30 (70%) of the 43 specimens stained positively for p53. Serum p53-Ab was detected in 43% (13/30) of the patients with tumors which stained positively for p53. There was a close correlation between positivity for p53 immunostaining and positivity for p53-Ab (p<0.01). An elevated level of SCC-Ag was found in only 13%of the patients, and most patients positive for SCC-Ag already had advanced disease with lymph node metastasis and invasion to the adventitia. In conclusion, serum p53-Ab was detected in Japanese esophageal cancer patients at a frequency similar to that reported in Western countries. Serum p53-Ab may be a potentially useful molecular marker for detection and screening of esophageal cancer. Further studies of a large population may be required to elucidate the true diagnostic usefulness of measuring the serum p53-Ab.  (+info)

Failure patterns and factors affecting prognosis of salivary gland carcinoma: retrospective study. (6/163)

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the failure patterns and the prognostic factors following postoperative radiotherapy for salivary gland carcinoma. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University teaching hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS: Fifty patients who had non-disseminated salivary gland carcinoma and who received primary treatment from 1984 through 1993. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic data, cancer T- and N-stages, histological type, site of origin, completeness of surgery, whether postoperative radiotherapy was given, and the clinical outcome. RESULTS: Two (4%) patients had been treated with radiotherapy alone, six (12%) had undergone radical resection alone, and 42 (84%) had been radically treated by using both modalities. The 5-year overall survival and relapse-free survival rates were 78.4% and 63.1%, respectively. The free from local failure and free from distant metastasis rates at 5 years were 77.2% and 72.8%, respectively. The N-stage was a significant prognostic factor. The site of the primary tumour, T-stage, completeness of surgery, and use of postoperative radiotherapy were not significant independent prognosticators; however, among the T-stage tumours, the b-substage carcinomas had significantly fewer local failures (P=0.040) and better survival rates (P=0.038) than the a-substage carcinomas. There were seven (14%) locoregional failures without distant metastasis, seven (14%) cases of distant metastasis without locoregional failures, and four (8%) locoregional failures preceding distant metastasis; isolated regional relapse was rare (1/50; 2%). All regional failures (5/50; 10%) occurred ipsilateral to the primary lesion. There were no deaths due to lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma or acinic cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The N-stage is the main prognostic factor of overall survival, relapse- and metastasis-free recovery, and success of treatment for salivary gland carcinoma. Optimal locoregional treatment can help reduce distant metastasis, and the maximal use of postoperative radiotherapy may contribute to improved locoregional control. Elective ipsilateral neck radiotherapy is indicated for lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma.  (+info)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands. (7/163)

CONTEXT: Among the cytological and morphological properties of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, one of the most important criteria for measuring its biological behavior and aggressiveness is cell proliferation. In this way, immunohistochemical markers of cell proliferation have been found to be useful in tumor classification and have formed part of the prognostic and therapeutic studies of these pathologies. OBJECTIVE: To analyze 11 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) using the proliferation activity marker (PCNA) and to determine its relationship to the grade of malignancy of these tumors. DESIGN: Correlation study. SETTING: Head and Neck Surgery Service of Heliopolis Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil. SAMPLE: Slides of 11 cases of primary mucoepidermoid carcinomas of salivary glands were prepared according to routine techniques employed in the Oral Pathology Department of the Dentistry Faculty of Sao Paulo University, Brazil. They were fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. After this preparation the tumors were classified as low, intermediate and high grade of malignancy, according to the criteria established by Seifert & Sobin and Auclair, Goode & Ellis. The slides were sent for immunohistochemical processing to evaluate the positivity of proliferating cell nuclear antigen using the streptavidin biotin technique. MAIN MEASUREMENT: The correlation between proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and the histological malignancy grade in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands. RESULTS: there were 4 cases (36%) of low grade, 4 cases (36%) of intermediate grade and 3 cases (27%) of high grade of malignancy. After a comparative study between histological features and immunohistochemical analysis, significant differences were observed (P < 0.01) for low, intermediate and high grades: 16.04%, 26.98% and 56.98% of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma, respectively. CONCLUSION: The proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression increases with the grade of malignancy in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands.  (+info)

Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the thyroid gland: a report of nine cases. (8/163)

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare primary thyroid tumor with indolent biologic potential. Two types of tumors have been described under this category: mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia (SMECE). The MEC shows both squamous and glandular differentiation in a background of a noninflamed gland, whereas SMECE is characterized by extensive sclerosis, squamous and glandular differentiation, a concomitant inflammatory infiltrate rich in eosinophils, and a background of lymphocytic thyroiditis. We present nine cases of these entities: five MEC and four SMECE. All tumors occurred in women (age 27 to 73 years). Five tumors showed extrathyroidal invasion and multiple lymph node metastases. One case of MEC showed a concomitant tall cell variant of papillary carcinoma with vascular invasion, and two cases showed intimately associated areas of usual papillary carcinoma. One of the latter cases also showed areas of transformation to anaplastic carcinoma. In all cases of SMECE and in only one case of MEC, the uninvolved thyroid tissue showed lymphocytic thyroiditis. Follow-up information was available in four of the nine cases (3 months to 7 years). Two patients with SMECE are alive with no evidence of disease. One patient with MEC and tall cell variant of papillary carcinoma died of disease after 3 months, and the patient with anaplastic carcinoma died after 5 months with lung metastasis. Both MEC and SMECE were positive for cytokeratin and negative for calcitonin. All cases of MEC were positive for thyroglobulin, whereas all cases of SMECE were negative. The immunohistochemical findings suggest that both MEC and SMECE have different histogenesis.  (+info)

The cancer cells of this type are thought to arise from abnormalities in the cells that line the ducts of the salivary glands. These abnormal cells grow and divide uncontrollably, forming a mass that can obstruct the flow of saliva and cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, and difficulty eating or speaking.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is typically diagnosed with a combination of imaging studies, such as CT scans, MRI, and PET scans, and a biopsy, where a sample of tissue is removed from the tumor and examined under a microscope for cancer cells. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the tumor, followed by radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy to kill any remaining cancer cells.

Prognosis for this type of cancer is generally good if it is diagnosed early and treated promptly, but it can be challenging to treat if it has spread to other parts of the body.

1. Parotid gland tumors: These are the most common type of salivary gland tumor and can be benign or malignant.
2. Submandibular gland tumors: These are less common than parotid gland tumors but can also be benign or malignant.
3. Sublingual gland tumors: These are rare and usually benign.
4. Warthin's tumor: This is a type of benign tumor that affects the parotid gland.
5. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma: This is a type of malignant tumor that can occur in any of the major salivary glands.
6. Acinic cell carcinoma: This is a rare type of malignant tumor that usually occurs in the parotid gland.
7. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: This is a slow-growing malignant tumor that can occur in any of the major salivary glands.
8. Metastatic tumors: These are tumors that have spread to the salivary glands from another part of the body.

Salivary gland neoplasms can cause a variety of symptoms, including painless lumps or swelling in the neck or face, difficulty swallowing, and numbness or weakness in the face. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the tumor and may include surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy.

In conclusion, salivary gland neoplasms are a diverse group of cancers that affect the salivary glands, and it's important to be aware of the different types, symptoms, and treatment options in order to provide effective care for patients with these tumors.

There are several subtypes of carcinoma, including:

1. Adenocarcinoma: This type of carcinoma originates in glandular cells, which produce fluids or mucus. Examples include breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer.
2. Squamous cell carcinoma: This type of carcinoma originates in squamous cells, which are found on the surface layers of skin and mucous membranes. Examples include head and neck cancers, cervical cancer, and anal cancer.
3. Basal cell carcinoma: This type of carcinoma originates in the deepest layer of skin, called the basal layer. It is the most common type of skin cancer and tends to grow slowly.
4. Neuroendocrine carcinoma: This type of carcinoma originates in cells that produce hormones and neurotransmitters. Examples include lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and thyroid cancer.
5. Small cell carcinoma: This type of carcinoma is a highly aggressive form of lung cancer that spreads quickly to other parts of the body.

The signs and symptoms of carcinoma depend on the location and stage of the cancer. Some common symptoms include:

* A lump or mass
* Pain
* Skin changes, such as a new mole or a change in the color or texture of the skin
* Changes in bowel or bladder habits
* Abnormal bleeding

The diagnosis of carcinoma typically involves a combination of imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans, and a biopsy, which involves removing a small sample of tissue for examination under a microscope. Treatment options for carcinoma depend on the location and stage of the cancer and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these.

In conclusion, carcinoma is a type of cancer that originates in epithelial cells and can occur in various parts of the body. Early detection and treatment are important for improving outcomes.

References:

1. American Cancer Society. (2022). Carcinoma. Retrieved from
2. Mayo Clinic. (2022). Carcinoma. Retrieved from
3. MedlinePlus. (2022). Carcinoma. Retrieved from

Benign parotid neoplasms include:

* Pleomorphic adenoma: This is the most common type of benign parotid tumor, accounting for about 70% of all benign parotid neoplasms. It is a slow-growing tumor that usually affects people between the ages of 20 and 50.
* Warthin's tumor: This is a rare type of benign parotid tumor that usually occurs in older adults. It is a slow-growing tumor that often causes few symptoms.
* Other benign tumors: These include papillary cystadenoma, oncocytoma, and adenomyoepithelioma.

Malignant parotid neoplasms include:

* Parotid duct carcinoma: This is a rare type of cancer that arises in the main duct of the parotid gland. It usually affects older adults and can be aggressive, meaning it grows quickly and spreads to other parts of the body.
* Adenoid cystic carcinoma: This is a malignant tumor that typically affects the salivary glands, including the parotid gland. It is a slow-growing tumor that can infiltrate surrounding tissues and bone, making it difficult to treat.
* Other malignant tumors: These include acinic cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.

The symptoms of parotid neoplasms can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor. Common symptoms include:

* A lump or swelling in the neck or face
* Painless mass or lump in the affected gland
* Difficulty swallowing or eating
* Numbness or weakness in the face
* Pain in the ear, jaw, or neck
* Fatigue
* Weight loss

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor for proper evaluation and diagnosis. A doctor may perform a physical examination, take a medical history, and order imaging tests such as CT scans, MRI scans, or ultrasound to determine the presence of a parotid neoplasm.

Treatment options for parotid neoplasms depend on the type and stage of the tumor. Surgery is usually the first line of treatment, and may involve removing the affected gland or a portion of the gland. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may also be used to treat more aggressive tumors or those that have spread to other parts of the body.

Overall, while parotid neoplasms can be serious and potentially life-threatening, early detection and treatment can improve outcomes and help preserve facial function and appearance. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms that may indicate a parotid neoplasm.

The tumor typically grows slowly, and symptoms may include painless lumps or swelling in the neck, face, or jaw. Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, and the prognosis is generally good, with a low risk of recurrence. However, some cases may be difficult to diagnose correctly, as the symptoms can be similar to those of other conditions, such as a thyroid nodule or a salivary gland tumor.

The exact cause of adenolymphoma is not known, but it is believed to arise from genetic mutations that occur during embryonic development. The condition usually affects adults between 30 and 50 years old, with a slight predilection for women.

Adenolymphoma is a rare tumor, and there is limited research on its incidence and prevalence. However, it is estimated that approximately 1 in 1 million people develop this condition each year. The diagnosis of adenolymphoma can be challenging, and the tumor may be mistaken for other benign or malignant conditions. Therefore, proper clinical evaluation and imaging studies are essential to make an accurate diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment.

Mucoepidermoid tumors are relatively rare, accounting for only about 2-4% of all salivary gland tumors. They can occur at any age, but are more common in women than men and typically present in the fifth to seventh decades of life.

The exact cause of mucoepidermoid tumors is not known, but they are believed to arise from abnormal growth and development of salivary gland cells. These tumors tend to be slow-growing and may not cause any symptoms in the early stages. However, as they enlarge, they can press on surrounding tissues and cause pain, swelling, or difficulty swallowing.

The diagnosis of a mucoepidermoid tumor is based on a combination of clinical findings, imaging studies such as CT or MRI scans, and histopathological examination of a biopsy sample. Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, and in some cases, radiation therapy may be recommended to ensure complete removal of the tumor cells.

Overall, mucoepidermoid tumors are benign growths that can occur in the salivary glands, and while they are relatively rare, they can cause significant symptoms and discomfort. Early detection and treatment are important for effective management of these tumors.

This cancer is known for its aggressive behavior and early metastasis to regional lymph nodes, bones, and distant organs such as the liver and lungs. The prognosis is generally poor, with a 5-year survival rate of about 50%. The treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, and the choice of treatment depends on the stage and location of the tumor.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is also known as adenoid cystic cancer, cylindromatosis, or basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. It is a rare malignancy that requires specialized knowledge and management by head and neck surgeons and oncologists.

SCC typically appears as a firm, flat, or raised bump on the skin, and may be pink, red, or scaly. The cancer cells are usually well-differentiated, meaning they resemble normal squamous cells, but they can grow rapidly and invade surrounding tissues if left untreated.

SCC is more common in fair-skinned individuals and those who spend a lot of time in the sun, as UV radiation can damage the skin cells and increase the risk of cancer. The cancer can also spread to other parts of the body, such as lymph nodes or organs, and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly and effectively.

Treatment for SCC usually involves surgery to remove the cancerous tissue, and may also include radiation therapy or chemotherapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. Early detection and treatment are important to improve outcomes for patients with SCC.

There are several risk factors for developing HCC, including:

* Cirrhosis, which can be caused by heavy alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis (such as hepatitis B and C), or fatty liver disease
* Family history of liver disease
* Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
* Diabetes
* Obesity

HCC can be challenging to diagnose, as the symptoms are non-specific and can be similar to those of other conditions. However, some common symptoms of HCC include:

* Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
* Fatigue
* Loss of appetite
* Abdominal pain or discomfort
* Weight loss

If HCC is suspected, a doctor may perform several tests to confirm the diagnosis, including:

* Imaging tests, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, to look for tumors in the liver
* Blood tests to check for liver function and detect certain substances that are produced by the liver
* Biopsy, which involves removing a small sample of tissue from the liver to examine under a microscope

Once HCC is diagnosed, treatment options will depend on several factors, including the stage and location of the cancer, the patient's overall health, and their personal preferences. Treatment options may include:

* Surgery to remove the tumor or parts of the liver
* Ablation, which involves destroying the cancer cells using heat or cold
* Chemoembolization, which involves injecting chemotherapy drugs into the hepatic artery to reach the cancer cells
* Targeted therapy, which uses drugs or other substances to target specific molecules that are involved in the growth and spread of the cancer

Overall, the prognosis for HCC is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 20%. However, early detection and treatment can improve outcomes. It is important for individuals at high risk for HCC to be monitored regularly by a healthcare provider, and to seek medical attention if they experience any symptoms.

Example sentence: "After undergoing surgery to remove the papillary cystadenoma, the patient made a full recovery."

Some common types of maxillary neoplasms include:

1. Osteosarcoma: a type of bone cancer that affects the maxilla.
2. Chondrosarcoma: a type of cancer that arises in the cartilage cells of the maxilla.
3. Squamous cell carcinoma: a type of cancer that originates in the epithelial cells lining the maxilla.
4. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a rare type of cancer that affects the salivary glands in the maxilla.
5. Pleomorphic adenoma: a benign tumor that arises in the salivary glands of the maxilla.
6. Pyogenic granuloma: a type of benign tumor that occurs in the blood vessels of the maxilla.
7. Hemangiopericytic fibroma: a rare type of benign tumor that affects the blood vessels of the maxilla.

Maxillary neoplasms can cause a variety of symptoms, including pain, swelling, and difficulty opening the mouth or eye. They are typically diagnosed through a combination of imaging studies such as CT scans, MRI scans, and biopsies. Treatment options for maxillary neoplasms depend on the type and location of the tumor, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

Types of Bronchial Neoplasms:

1. Adenocarcinoma: This is the most common type of lung cancer and accounts for approximately 40% of all lung cancers. It originates in the glandular cells that line the bronchi.
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma: This type of lung cancer originates in the squamous cells that line the bronchi. It is the second most common type of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 25% of all lung cancers.
3. Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): This type of lung cancer is highly aggressive and accounts for approximately 10% of all lung cancers. It originates in the small cells that line the bronchi.
4. Large Cell Carcinoma: This type of lung cancer is rare and accounts for approximately 5% of all lung cancers. It originates in the large cells that line the bronchi.
5. Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma (BAC): This type of lung cancer originates in the small air sacs (alveoli) and is rare, accounting for approximately 2% of all lung cancers.
6. Lymphoma: This type of cancer originates in the immune system cells that line the bronchi. It is rare, accounting for approximately 1% of all lung cancers.
7. Carcinoid Tumors: These are rare types of lung cancer that originate in the neuroendocrine cells that line the bronchi. They are typically slow-growing and less aggressive than other types of lung cancer.
8. Secondary Cancers: These are cancers that have spread to the lungs from other parts of the body, such as breast cancer or colon cancer.

Diagnosis of Bronchial Neoplasms:

1. Medical History and Physical Examination: A thorough medical history and physical examination are essential for diagnosing bronchial neoplasms. The doctor will ask questions about the patient's symptoms, risk factors, and medical history.
2. Chest X-Ray: A chest X-ray is often the first diagnostic test performed to evaluate the lungs for any abnormalities.
3. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: A CT scan is a more detailed imaging test that uses X-rays and computer technology to produce cross-sectional images of the lungs. It can help identify the size, location, and extent of the tumor.
4. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan: A PET scan is a diagnostic test that uses small amounts of radioactive material to visualize the metabolic activity of the cells in the lungs. It can help identify the presence of cancerous cells and determine the effectiveness of treatment.
5. Biopsy: A biopsy involves taking a sample of tissue from the lung and examining it under a microscope for cancerous cells. It is a definitive diagnostic test for bronchial neoplasms.
6. Bronchoscopy: Bronchoscopy is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a camera on the end is inserted through the nose or mouth and guided to the lungs. It can help identify any abnormalities in the airways and obtain a biopsy sample.
7. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the lungs and surrounding tissues. It is not as commonly used for diagnosing bronchial neoplasms as other imaging tests, but it may be recommended in certain cases.
8. Ultrasound: An ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of the lungs and surrounding tissues. It is not typically used as a diagnostic test for bronchial neoplasms, but it may be used to evaluate the spread of cancer to other parts of the body.

It's important to note that the specific diagnostic tests and procedures used will depend on the individual case and the suspicion of malignancy. Your doctor will discuss the best course of action with you based on your symptoms, medical history, and test results.

The most common types of palatal neoplasms include:

1. Ossifying fibroma: A benign tumor that is made up of immature bone cells and usually affects the maxilla (the bone that forms the upper jaw).
2. Malignant ossifying fibroma: A rare and aggressive type of ossifying fibroma that can be cancerous.
3. Benign migratory glossitis: A benign condition characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the tongue, which can sometimes lead to the formation of a tumor on the hard palate.
4. Squamous cell carcinoma: A type of skin cancer that can occur on the hard palate, usually in older adults.
5. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: A rare and slow-growing type of cancer that typically affects the salivary glands but can also occur on the hard palate.

The symptoms of palatal neoplasms can include:

1. Pain or tenderness in the mouth or jaw
2. Difficulty swallowing or speaking
3. Nasal congestion or obstruction
4. Facial pain or swelling
5. Unusual bleeding or discharge from the mouth

Palatal neoplasms are usually diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies (such as X-rays or CT scans), and biopsy (the removal of a small sample of tissue for microscopic examination). Treatment options can vary depending on the type and stage of the tumor, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these.

Prognosis for patients with palatal neoplasms depends on the specific diagnosis and stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. In general, early detection and treatment improve outcomes for these types of tumors.

There are several types of jaw cysts that can develop, including:

1. Dermoid cysts: These cysts are made up of skin cells and are usually found in the temples of the jawbone.
2. Epidermoid cysts: These cysts are also made up of skin cells, but they are usually found on the underside of the tongue or in the floor of the mouth.
3. Mucocele: This type of cyst is made up of mucous membranes and is usually found in the lower jawbone.
4. Branchial cysts: These cysts are remnants of the second branchial arch, which normally disappears before birth. They are usually found on one side of the neck or jawbone.
5. Median mandibular cysts: These cysts are located in the middle of the lower jawbone and are typically small and round.

The exact cause of jaw cysts is not known, but they may be related to a blockage of the salivary glands or a developmental abnormality. Jaw cysts can be diagnosed using imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans. Treatment for jaw cysts usually involves surgical removal, but the type of treatment will depend on the size, location, and type of cyst. In some cases, observation may be recommended if the cyst is small and not causing any symptoms.

In summary, jaw cysts are non-cancerous growths that can develop in the tissues of the jawbone. There are several types of jaw cysts, and they can cause a range of symptoms from none to pain and difficulty opening the mouth. Treatment usually involves surgical removal, but the type of treatment will depend on the size, location, and type of cyst.

Types of Sublingual Gland Neoplasms:

1. Pleomorphic adenoma: A benign tumor that usually grows slowly and can become large before causing symptoms.
2. Warthin's tumor: A benign tumor that usually affects older adults and is more common in males than females.
3. Sublingual gland carcinoma: A rare, malignant tumor that can be difficult to treat and is often associated with a poor prognosis.

Symptoms of Sublingual Gland Neoplasms:

1. A mass or lump in the tongue or floor of the mouth
2. Painless swelling in the tongue or floor of the mouth
3. Difficulty speaking or eating
4. Numbness or tingling in the tongue or floor of the mouth
5. Persistent ear pain or hearing loss
6. Weight loss
7. Fatigue
8. Fevers
9. Night sweats
10. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck

Diagnosis of Sublingual Gland Neoplasms:

1. Physical examination and medical history
2. Imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans
3. Biopsy to remove a small sample of tissue for laboratory testing
4. Endoscopy to visualize the inside of the mouth and throat
5. Blood tests to check for certain substances in the blood that can indicate cancer

Treatment of Sublingual Gland Neoplasms:

1. Surgery to remove the tumor and any affected tissue
2. Radiation therapy to kill cancer cells with high-energy beams
3. Chemotherapy to kill cancer cells with drugs
4. Targeted therapy to attack specific molecules on cancer cells
5. Immunotherapy to stimulate the immune system to fight cancer

Prognosis of Sublingual Gland Neoplasms:

The prognosis for sublingual gland neoplasms depends on several factors, including the type and stage of the tumor, the patient's age and overall health, and the effectiveness of treatment. In general, early detection and treatment improve the prognosis, while more advanced or aggressive tumors can have a poorer outlook.

Prevention of Sublingual Gland Neoplasms:

There is no sure way to prevent sublingual gland neoplasms, but there are some measures that may help reduce the risk. These include:

1. Avoiding exposure to harmful chemicals and radiation
2. Practicing good oral hygiene to reduce the risk of infection
3. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle
4. Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption
5. Avoiding smoking and other forms of tobacco use
6. Getting regular dental checkups and cleanings
7. Participating in early detection programs such as oral cancer screening.

Also known as CIS.

Some common types of mandibular neoplasms include:

1. Ameloblastoma: A rare benign tumor that arises from the odontogenic epithel, which is the tissue responsible for the formation of teeth.
2. Odontogenic keratocyst: A benign tumor that originates in the mandible and can expand to involve the surrounding bone and soft tissues.
3. Myxoid chondromatosis: A rare benign tumor that consists of multiple cartilaginous nodules that are surrounded by a loose connective tissue stroma.
4. Chondroderivative osteoma: A rare benign bone tumor that arises from the mutation of cartilage cells during bone development.
5. Ossifying fibroma: A benign tumor that is made up of immature bone tissue and typically affects the jawbone.
6. Fibrosarcoma: A malignant tumor that arises from the connective tissue of the mandible, such as the periodontal ligament or the muscles of mastication.
7. Osteosarcoma: A malignant bone tumor that can arise in any bone of the body, including the mandible.

Symptoms of mandibular neoplasms can include pain, swelling, and difficulty opening the mouth or biting. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the neoplasm and may involve surgery, radiation therapy, or a combination of both. Early detection and treatment are important to improve outcomes and minimize the risk of complications.

Some common examples of lacrimal apparatus diseases include:

1. Dry eye syndrome: A condition in which the lacrimal gland does not produce enough tears, leading to dryness, irritation, and inflammation of the eyes.
2. Dacryostenosis: A blockage of the tear ducts, which can cause tears to build up and lead to infection or inflammation.
3. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction: A blockage of the nasolacrimal duct, which is responsible for draining tears from the eye into the nose.
4. Epiphora: Excessive tearing due to a blockage or irritation of the tear ducts.
5. Lacrimal gland disease: Any condition that affects the lacrimal gland, such as inflammation, infection, or tumors.
6. Cancer of the lacrimal gland: A rare type of cancer that affects the lacrimal gland.
7. Trauma to the lacrimal apparatus: Injury to the lacrimal gland or tear ducts due to an accident or trauma.
8. Congenital lacrimal duct obstruction: A blockage of the lacrimal duct that is present at birth.
9. Lacrimal caruncle inflammation: Inflammation of the lacrimal caruncle, which is a small gland located in the tear ducts that produces tears.
10. Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelids, which can cause irritation and obstruction of the tear ducts.

These are some of the common examples of lacrimal apparatus diseases, but there may be others depending on the specific symptoms and causes. It's important to consult an eye specialist or a medical professional for proper diagnosis and treatment of any lacrimal apparatus-related issues.

There are several types of lung neoplasms, including:

1. Adenocarcinoma: This is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 40% of all lung cancers. It is a malignant tumor that originates in the glands of the respiratory tract and can be found in any part of the lung.
2. Squamous cell carcinoma: This type of lung cancer accounts for approximately 25% of all lung cancers and is more common in men than women. It is a malignant tumor that originates in the squamous cells lining the airways of the lungs.
3. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC): This is a highly aggressive form of lung cancer that accounts for approximately 15% of all lung cancers. It is often found in the central parts of the lungs and can spread quickly to other parts of the body.
4. Large cell carcinoma: This is a rare type of lung cancer that accounts for only about 5% of all lung cancers. It is a malignant tumor that originates in the large cells of the respiratory tract and can be found in any part of the lung.
5. Bronchioalveolar carcinoma (BAC): This is a rare type of lung cancer that originates in the cells lining the airways and alveoli of the lungs. It is more common in women than men and tends to affect older individuals.
6. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM): This is a rare, progressive, and often fatal lung disease that primarily affects women of childbearing age. It is characterized by the growth of smooth muscle-like cells in the lungs and can lead to cysts, lung collapse, and respiratory failure.
7. Hamartoma: This is a benign tumor that originates in the tissue of the lungs and is usually found in children. It is characterized by an overgrowth of normal lung tissue and can be treated with surgery.
8. Secondary lung cancer: This type of cancer occurs when cancer cells from another part of the body spread to the lungs through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. It is more common in people who have a history of smoking or exposure to other carcinogens.
9. Metastatic cancer: This type of cancer occurs when cancer cells from another part of the body spread to the lungs through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. It is more common in people who have a history of smoking or exposure to other carcinogens.
10. Mesothelioma: This is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that originates in the lining of the lungs or abdomen. It is caused by asbestos exposure and can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Lung diseases can also be classified based on their cause, such as:

1. Infectious diseases: These are caused by bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms and can include pneumonia, tuberculosis, and bronchitis.
2. Autoimmune diseases: These are caused by an overactive immune system and can include conditions such as sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
3. Genetic diseases: These are caused by inherited mutations in genes that affect the lungs and can include cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia.
4. Environmental diseases: These are caused by exposure to harmful substances such as tobacco smoke, air pollution, and asbestos.
5. Radiological diseases: These are caused by exposure to ionizing radiation and can include conditions such as radiographic breast cancer and lung cancer.
6. Vascular diseases: These are caused by problems with the blood vessels in the lungs and can include conditions such as pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension.
7. Tumors: These can be benign or malignant and can include conditions such as lung metastases and lung cancer.
8. Trauma: This can include injuries to the chest or lungs caused by accidents or other forms of trauma.
9. Congenital diseases: These are present at birth and can include conditions such as bronchopulmonary foregut malformations and congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation.

Each type of lung disease has its own set of symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any persistent or severe respiratory symptoms, as early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes and quality of life.

Liver neoplasms, also known as liver tumors or hepatic tumors, are abnormal growths of tissue in the liver. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Malignant liver tumors can be primary, meaning they originate in the liver, or metastatic, meaning they spread to the liver from another part of the body.

There are several types of liver neoplasms, including:

1. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): This is the most common type of primary liver cancer and arises from the main cells of the liver (hepatocytes). HCC is often associated with cirrhosis and can be caused by viral hepatitis or alcohol abuse.
2. Cholangiocarcinoma: This type of cancer arises from the cells lining the bile ducts within the liver (cholangiocytes). Cholangiocarcinoma is rare and often diagnosed at an advanced stage.
3. Hemangiosarcoma: This is a rare type of cancer that originates in the blood vessels of the liver. It is most commonly seen in dogs but can also occur in humans.
4. Fibromas: These are benign tumors that arise from the connective tissue of the liver (fibrocytes). Fibromas are usually small and do not spread to other parts of the body.
5. Adenomas: These are benign tumors that arise from the glandular cells of the liver (hepatocytes). Adenomas are usually small and do not spread to other parts of the body.

The symptoms of liver neoplasms vary depending on their size, location, and whether they are benign or malignant. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, fatigue, weight loss, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of imaging tests such as CT scans, MRI scans, and ultrasound, and a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells.

Treatment options for liver neoplasms depend on the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Surgery may be an option for some patients with small, localized tumors, while others may require chemotherapy or radiation therapy to shrink the tumor before surgery can be performed. In some cases, liver transplantation may be necessary.

Prognosis for liver neoplasms varies depending on the type and stage of the cancer. In general, early detection and treatment improve the prognosis, while advanced-stage disease is associated with a poorer prognosis.

Types of mouth neoplasms include:

1. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): This is the most common type of mouth cancer, accounting for about 90% of all cases. It usually occurs on the tongue, lips, or floor of the mouth.
2. Verrucous carcinoma: This type of cancer is slow-growing and typically affects the gums or the outer surface of the tongue.
3. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: This type of cancer is rare and usually affects the salivary glands. It can infiltrate surrounding tissues and cause significant destruction of nearby structures.
4. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma: This type of cancer is relatively rare and occurs most commonly on the tongue or the floor of the mouth. It can be benign or malignant, and its behavior varies depending on the type.
5. Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor: This is a rare type of cancer that affects the melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) in the mouth. It typically occurs in the tongue or the lips.

Symptoms of mouth neoplasms can include:

* A sore or ulcer that does not heal
* A lump or mass in the mouth
* Bleeding or pain in the mouth
* Difficulty swallowing or speaking
* Numbness or tingling in the mouth

Diagnosis of mouth neoplasms typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging studies (such as X-rays or CT scans), and biopsy. Treatment options vary depending on the type and severity of the cancer, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these. Early detection and treatment are important for improving outcomes in patients with mouth neoplasms.

Some common types of sclerosis include:

1. Multiple sclerosis (MS): This is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), causing inflammation and damage to the protective covering of nerve fibers, leading to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body.
2. Systemic sclerosis (SSc): Also known as scleroderma, this is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the skin and internal organs, causing hardening and tightening of the skin and scar tissue formation in the affected areas.
3. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP): This is a rare brain disorder that affects movement, balance, and eye movements, caused by degeneration of certain cells in the brainstem.
4. Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS): This is a rare neurodegenerative disorder that affects the motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to weakness in the muscles of the legs, feet, and hands.
5. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC): This is a rare genetic disorder that causes non-cancerous tumors to grow in organs such as the brain, heart, kidneys, and lungs.

Symptoms of sclerosis vary depending on the type and location of the condition. Common symptoms include muscle weakness or stiffness, difficulty with movement and coordination, numbness or tingling sensations, and changes in sensation or perception. Treatment options for sclerosis depend on the specific type and severity of the condition, and may include medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications.

The exact cause of ductal carcinoma is unknown, but certain risk factors such as family history, genetics, hormone replacement therapy, obesity, and delayed childbearing have been linked to its development. Early detection through mammography and breast self-examination can improve survival rates, which are generally high for women diagnosed with this type of cancer if caught early. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the tumor (lumpectomy or mastectomy), followed by radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy.

BCC usually appears as a flesh-colored or pink bump, often with small blood vessels on the surface. It may also be flat and scaly, or have a waxy appearance. In rare cases, BCC can grow deep into the skin and cause damage to surrounding tissue.

Although BCC is not as aggressive as other types of skin cancer, such as melanoma, it can still cause significant damage if left untreated. Treatment options for BCC include topical creams, surgical excision, and Mohs microscopic surgery.

Preventative measures against BCC include protecting the skin from the sun, using sunscreen with a high SPF, and avoiding prolonged exposure to UV radiation. Early detection and treatment are key in managing this condition.

MCC typically affects older adults, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 60. The disease is more common in fair-skinned individuals, especially those who have had prolonged exposure to the sun. MCC can occur anywhere on the body, but it is most commonly found on the face, neck, and arms.

The symptoms of MCC can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor, but they may include:

* A firm, shiny nodule or lump on the skin
* Painless lumps or swelling in the affected area
* Redness, scaliness, or oozing of the skin around the nodule
* Itching or burning sensations in the affected area

If MCC is suspected, a biopsy will be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment for MCC typically involves surgery to remove the tumor and any affected tissue. In some cases, radiation therapy or chemotherapy may also be recommended to kill any remaining cancer cells.

The prognosis for MCC is generally poor, as it tends to be an aggressive disease that can spread quickly to other parts of the body. However, early detection and treatment can improve the chances of a successful outcome.

1. Types of Polyomaviruses: There are several types of polyomaviruses that can infect humans, including the common cold virus (Rhinovirus), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), and the newly identified Parechovirus.
2. Infection: Polyomaviruses can be transmitted through contact with an infected person's respiratory secretions, such as mucus and saliva, or through contaminated surfaces. Inhaling the virus can lead to an infection in the respiratory tract.
3. Symptoms: The symptoms of polyomavirus infections can vary depending on the type of virus and the individual's age and overall health. Common symptoms include runny nose, cough, fever, sore throat, headache, and fatigue. In severe cases, polyomaviruses can cause pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and other respiratory disorders.
4. Diagnosis: A diagnosis of a polyomavirus infection is typically made based on the symptoms and medical history of the individual, as well as through laboratory tests such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction) or viral culture.
5. Treatment: There is no specific treatment for polyomavirus infections, but antiviral medications may be prescribed to help manage symptoms and prevent complications. Supportive care, such as rest, hydration, and over-the-counter pain relievers, may also be recommended.
6. Prevention: Preventing the spread of polyomaviruses can be challenging, but good hygiene practices such as frequent handwashing, avoiding close contact with people who are sick, and disinfecting surfaces can help reduce the risk of transmission. Vaccines are also being developed to protect against certain types of polyomaviruses.
7. Prognosis: In most cases, polyomavirus infections are mild and self-limiting, with symptoms resolving on their own within a few days to a week. However, severe infections can be life-threatening, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying medical conditions.
8. Epidemiology: Polyomaviruses are common and widespread, with the majority of individuals worldwide being infected at some point in their lives. Outbreaks of polyomavirus infections can occur in settings such as hospitals, long-term care facilities, and daycare centers, where individuals with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to infection.
9. Research: Research on polyomaviruses is ongoing to better understand the viruses, their transmission, and their clinical impact. This includes development of vaccines and antiviral medications, as well as studies to identify risk factors for severe infections and to improve diagnostic tests.
10. Public health: Polyomaviruses are a public health concern, particularly in settings where individuals with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to infection. Prevention strategies include practicing good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing, and avoiding close contact with individuals who are sick.

Overall, polyomaviruses are a diverse group of viruses that can cause a range of diseases, from mild and self-limiting to severe and life-threatening. Understanding the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, epidemiology, research, and public health implications of polyomavirus infections is essential for providing appropriate care and preventing outbreaks.

There are several types of skin neoplasms, including:

1. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC): This is the most common type of skin cancer, and it usually appears as a small, fleshy bump or a flat, scaly patch. BCC is highly treatable, but if left untreated, it can grow and invade surrounding tissue.
2. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): This type of skin cancer is less common than BCC but more aggressive. It typically appears as a firm, flat, or raised bump on sun-exposed areas. SCC can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated.
3. Melanoma: This is the most serious type of skin cancer, accounting for only 1% of all skin neoplasms but responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths. Melanoma can appear as a new or changing mole, and it's essential to recognize the ABCDE signs (Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter >6mm, Evolving size, shape, or color) to detect it early.
4. Sebaceous gland carcinoma: This rare type of skin cancer originates in the oil-producing glands of the skin and can appear as a firm, painless nodule on the forehead, nose, or other oily areas.
5. Merkel cell carcinoma: This is a rare and aggressive skin cancer that typically appears as a firm, shiny bump on the skin. It's more common in older adults and those with a history of sun exposure.
6. Cutaneous lymphoma: This type of cancer affects the immune system and can appear as a rash, nodules, or tumors on the skin.
7. Kaposi sarcoma: This is a rare type of skin cancer that affects people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS. It typically appears as a flat, red or purple lesion on the skin.

While skin cancers are generally curable when detected early, it's important to be aware of your skin and notice any changes or unusual spots, especially if you have a history of sun exposure or other risk factors. If you suspect anything suspicious, see a dermatologist for an evaluation and potential biopsy. Remember, prevention is key to avoiding the harmful effects of UV radiation and reducing your risk of developing skin cancer.

... (MEC) is the most common type of minor salivary gland malignancy in adults. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma ... Baloch ZW, Solomon AC, LiVolsi VA (July 2000). "Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with ... showing mucoepidermoid carcinoma at top right. Kalhor N, Moran CA (March 2018). "Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma: diagnosis ... "Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (2) HE stain.jpg". H & E stain Histopathologic image of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Postoperative ...
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma • Mucogingival junction • Mucosal lichen planus • Mucous membrane pemphigoid • Mucous retention cyst ... Acinic cell carcinoma • Acrodont • Adalbert J. Volck • Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor • Adhesive Dentistry • Aetna • Agar • ...
53:105-8. Tandon DA, Deka RC & Chowdhury C. (1985). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the larynx. Ear Nose Throat J. 64:555-7. Bhatia ... 1980). Middle-ear carcinoma in a girl of eighteen. J Laryngol Otol. 94:429-31. Witter HL, Deka RC, Lipscomb DM & Shambaugh GE ...
... "central mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC)", a popular type of neoplasm at the salivary glands. GOC is usually misdiagnosed with ... "Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from glandular odontogenic cyst confirmed by analysis of MAML2 rearrangement: A case ... "Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from glandular odontogenic cyst confirmed by analysis of MAML2 rearrangement: A case ... "Glandular odontogenic cyst mimicking central mucoepidermoid carcinoma". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 14 (1): 12 ...
... tumours may occur, including mucoepidermoid carcinoma, a malignant growth. A sialogram is a radiocontrast study ... "Treatment and survival outcomes based on histologic grading in patients with head and neck mucoepidermoid carcinoma". Cancer. ...
... translocation in mucoepidermoid carcinoma creates a novel fusion product that disrupts a Notch signaling pathway". Nature ... "Altered Notch signaling resulting from expression of a WAMTP1-MAML2 gene fusion in mucoepidermoid carcinomas and benign ... "MECT1-MAML2 fusion transcript defines a favorable subset of mucoepidermoid carcinoma". Clinical Cancer Research. 12 (13): 3902- ...
... translocation in mucoepidermoid carcinoma creates a novel fusion product that disrupts a Notch signaling pathway". Nat. Genet. ... "Altered Notch signaling resulting from expression of a WAMTP1-MAML2 gene fusion in mucoepidermoid carcinomas and benign ... "MECT1-MAML2 fusion transcript defines a favorable subset of mucoepidermoid carcinoma". Clin. Cancer Res. 12 (13): 3902-7. doi: ... "CRTC1/MAML2 fusion transcript in high grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas of salivary and thyroid glands and Warthin's tumors: ...
The most common form of malignant parotid neoplasms are mucoepidermoid carcinomas. The exact cause of malignant parotid tumors ...
The malignant tumors include ceruminous adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. List of ...
... epidermoid carcinoma or mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Early detection and removal of the cysts is essential to reduce morbidity ... It is likely that some intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinomas develop from mucous cells in the lining of a dentigerous cyst. ... mucoepidermoid carcinoma, all such lesions, when excised, should be submitted for histopathologic evaluation. The differential ... In addition, a squamous cell carcinoma may rarely arise in the lining of a dentigerous cyst. Transformation from normal ...
Shieh YS, Chang LC, Chiu KC, Wu CW, Lee HS (2003). "Cadherin and catenin expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma: correlation ...
Eventually, it may cause mucoepidermoid carcinoma and possibly other malignancies such as prostate cancer and breast cancer. ... Melnick M, Sedghizadeh PP, Allen CM, Jaskoll T (10 November 2011). "Human cytomegalovirus and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of ...
It is the third-most common malignant salivary gland tumor overall (after mucoepidermoid carcinoma and polymorphous ... with adenoid cystic carcinoma being the second most common. Relative incidence of parotid tumors, with adenoid cystic carcinoma ... Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare type of cancer that can exist in many different body sites. This tumor most often occurs in ... Coronal MRI showing right parotid adenoid cystic carcinoma with perineural spread of tumor along the facial nerve extending to ...
... ceruminous adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), and ceruminous mucoepidermoid carcinoma. This tumor only affects the outer 1/3 to 1/ ... NOS Ceruminous adenoid cystic carcinoma Ceruminous mucoepidermoid carcinoma All of the tumors are infiltrative into the soft ... The specific features of each tumor type can help with the separation into adenoid cystic carcinoma or mucoepidermoid types. ... especially when dealing with an adenoid cystic or mucoepidermoid carcinoma. This can be eliminated by clinical or imaging ...
... with the most common tumors being mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Other malignant tumors of the parotid ... Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a common malignant tumour of the salivary glands and has a low incidence of 4-13%. Adenoid cystic ... squamous cell carcinoma (arising from parenchyma of parotid gland), and undifferentiated carcinoma. Metastasis from other sites ... carcinoma is also a common malignant salivary gland lesion and has an incidence of 4-8%. This carcinoma tends to invade nerves ...
... translocation in mucoepidermoid carcinoma creates a novel fusion product that disrupts a Notch signaling pathway". Nature ...
... and mucoepidermoid carcinomas. Rarer still are melanomas and lymphomas of the upper aerodigestive tract. Around 75% of cases ... Squamous cell carcinoma is most likely to appear in males over 40 years of age with a history of heavy alcohol use coupled with ... Squamous-cell carcinoma is a cancer of the squamous cell - a kind of epithelial cell found in both the skin and mucous ... People with oropharyngeal carcinomas are at high risk of developing second primary head and neck cancer. The hypopharynx ...
... mucoepidermoid carcinoma and sebaceous lymphadenocarcinoma. The treatment is simple excision and exclusion of a malignant ...
... mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and pulmonary mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. The mouse monoclonal antibody 1D3, developed to ... mucoepidermoid carcinoma, mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, signet ring cell adenocarcinoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, ... For treatment purposes, MCACL has been traditionally considered a non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Complete radical ... and mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic mucin". The Journal of ...
The histologic differential diagnosis includes mucoepidermoid carcinoma (clear cell variant), acinic cell carcinoma (clear cell ... epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and metastatic clear cell carcinoma. Intermed. mag. Very high mag. They generally have a ... Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare malignant salivary gland tumour, with a good prognosis, that is usually found ... Masilamani S, Rao S, Chirakkal P, Kumar AR (2011). "Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma of the base of tongue: a distinct and rare ...
Melnick M, Sedghizadeh PP, Allen CM, Jaskoll T (February 2012). "Human cytomegalovirus and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary ... is associated with mucoepidermoid carcinoma and possibly other malignancies. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or ... Feng H, Shuda M, Chang Y, Moore PS (February 2008). "Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma". ... Although this agent was the clear cause of hepatitis and might contribute to liver cancer hepatocellular carcinoma, this link ...
In the lung, two salivary gland-like carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma, while extremely ... Squamous cell carcinoma Small cell carcinoma Adenocarcinoma Large cell carcinoma Adenosquamous carcinoma Sarcomatoid carcinoma ... Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the lung is a very rare histologic form of malignant epithelial neoplasm ("carcinoma") ... March 2010). "肺に発生した上皮-筋上皮癌" [Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the lung]. Kyobu Geka (in Japanese). 63 (3): 220-3. PMID ...
Rarely, the walls of this type of cyst can progress into mucoepidermoid carcinoma, ameloblastoma or squamous carcinoma if the ... lining and the potential for recurrence with characteristics similar to a central variant of low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma ... Odontogenic keratocyst This lesion may be associated with the Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Buccal bifurcation cyst ...
Example would be to distinguish between high grade Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the parotid, which stains positive vs Squamous ... Cell Carcinoma of the parotid which does not. Lazcano, O (Jan 1993). "Combined histochemical stains in the differential ...
... or primary mucoepidermoid cutaneous carcinoma) is a malignant adnexal tumor of the sweat gland. It is the malignant variant of ... Hidradenocarcinoma (also known as malignant hidradenoma, malignant acrospiroma, clear cell eccrine carcinoma, ...
... or the malignant squamous cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. On histopathology, cholesterol clefts indicate mainly a ... central mucoepidermoid carcinoma). There are cysts, e.g. buccal bifurcation cyst with self-resolation nature, in which close ... these can appear solitary or associated with the Gorlin-Goltz or Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Paradental cyst ...
... carcinoma, lobular MeSH C04.557.470.200.025.340 - carcinoma, mucoepidermoid MeSH C04.557.470.200.025.370 - carcinoma, ... carcinoma, mucoepidermoid MeSH C04.557.470.590.415 - carcinoma, signet ring cell MeSH C04.557.470.590.415.410 - krukenberg ... carcinoma, ehrlich tumor MeSH C04.557.470.200.220 - carcinoma, giant cell MeSH C04.557.470.200.240 - carcinoma in situ MeSH ... carcinoma, large cell MeSH C04.557.470.200.280 - carcinoma, lewis lung MeSH C04.557.470.200.300 - carcinoma, non-small-cell ...
... papilliferum Cystadenoma Malignant epithelial tumors Acinic cell carcinoma Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Adenoid cystic carcinoma ... not otherwise specified Myoepithelial carcinoma Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma ... grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma Mucinous adenocarcinoma Oncocytic carcinoma Salivary duct carcinoma Salivary duct carcinoma ... Carcinosarcoma Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma Squamous cell carcinoma Large cell carcinoma Lymphoepithelial carcinoma ...
Smooth muscle tumors of the pleura Pleural carcinomas Pleural mucoepidermoid carcinoma Pleural pseudomesotheliomatous ...
... including mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung, adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the ... Squamous cell carcinoma Small cell carcinoma Adenocarcinoma Large cell carcinoma Adenosquamous carcinoma Sarcomatoid carcinoma ... Salivary gland-like carcinomas of the lung generally refers a class of rare cancers that arise from the uncontrolled cell ... Carcinoma is a term for malignant neoplasms derived from cells of epithelial lineage, and/or that exhibit cytological or tissue ...
Ceruminous carcinoma M8430/1 Mucoepidermoid tumor M8430/3 Mucoepidermoid carcinoma M8440/0 Cystadenoma, NOS Cystoma, NOS M8440/ ... NOS Reserve cell carcinoma Round cell carcinoma Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma M8042/3 Oat cell carcinoma (C34._) M8043/3 ... Renal cell carcinoma, spindle cell M8319/3 collecting duct carcinoma (C64.9) Bellini duct carcinoma Renal carcinoma, collecting ... NOS Condylomatous carcinoma Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma Verrucous epidermoid carcinoma Warty carcinoma M8052/0 Squamous ...
Renal cell carcinoma (M8312/3) Grawitz tumor (8390-8420) Adnexal and Skin appendage Neoplasms (8430-8439) Mucoepidermoid ... In some types of carcinomas, Stage 0 carcinoma has been used to describe carcinoma in situ, and occult carcinomas detectable ... Some carcinomas are named for their or the putative cell of origin, (e.g.hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma). ... and sarcomatoid carcinoma (mixtures of spindle and giant cell carcinoma). Pleomorphic carcinoma contains spindle cell and/or ...
... may refer to: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma MEC (media agency), a media agency network based in London and New York ...
Melnick M, Sedghizadeh PP, Allen CM, Jaskoll T. Human cytomegalovirus and mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands: cell- ...
We present a case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma with t(3;12)(q24;p13) and polysomy X by cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ ... Genotypic characterization of a primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland by cytogenetic, fluorescence in situ ... Genotypic characterization of a primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland by cytogenetic, fluorescence in situ ...
Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of thyroid. Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of ... Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of thyroid should be differentiated from the conventional mucoepidermoid ... Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid was first reported in 1991. This tumour type may develop as associated to ... Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of thyroid (SCME) has recently been recognised as a separate disease ...
PECOITS, Sílvia et al. Juvenile mucoepidermoid carcinoma: a case report and literature review. Rev. cir. traumatol. buco-maxilo ... Juvenile mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare disease that occurs most often in the minor glands of the hard palate. Patients ... Palavras-chave : Minor salivary gland; Juvenile mucoepidermoid carcinoma; Radiotherapy. · resumo em Português · texto em ... We report the case of a 12-year-old female with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the hard palate with adjuvant radiotherapy. ...
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) represents 10-15% of salivary neoplasms. Due to their low incidence, it is challenging to ... presenting a vital tool for evaluating the aggressive behavior of this carcinoma. Detailed immunohistochemical and ... Advances in the Treatment of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ... Advances in the Treatment of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma. Srikar ...
Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the salivary glands has been reported to occur in patients previously treated ... N2 - Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the salivary glands has been reported to occur in patients previously ... AB - Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the salivary glands has been reported to occur in patients previously ... abstract = "Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the salivary glands has been reported to occur in patients previously ...
Low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma composed predominantly of mucinous cells lining cystic and glandular spaces. The tumor cells ... Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma : Low-grade. Home "> Head & Neck "> Salivary Glands "> Malignant Neoplasms of Salivary Glands - I "> ... Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma : Low-grade. High Quality Pathology Images of Head & Neck, Salivary Glands, Malignant Neoplasms of ...
Of the malignant tumors, the most common are mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. A ... On CT or MRI, many malignant tumors, such as acinic cell carcinomas or low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas, appear ... A low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma can be cystic and contain calcifications, much like a pleomorphic adenoma. Higher-grade ... CT scan shows a carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma that developed after resection of the tumor (same patient as in the previous ...
3. Multiple malignant salivary gland neoplasms: mucoepidermoid carcinoma of palate and adenoid cystic carcinoma of floor of ... Mucoepidermoid carcinoma.. Devaraju R; Gantala R; Aitha H; Gotoor SG. BMJ Case Rep; 2014 Aug; 2014():bcr-2013-202776. PubMed ID ... 6. Carcinomas of the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity. A population-based study from the Swedish Head and Neck Cancer ... Minor salivary gland carcinoma involving the oral cavity or oropharynx.. Hyam DM; Veness MJ; Morgan GJ. Aust Dent J; 2004 Mar; ...
... and xenograft models to investigate the pathobiology of merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) with the goal of identifying novel ... t(11;19)(q21;p13) translocation in mucoepidermoid carcinoma creates a novel fusion product that disrupts a Notch signaling ... In the Brownell Lab, she is involved in the study of merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare and aggressive skin cancer. She also ... Hedgehog Signaling Inhibitors Fail to Reduce Merkel Cell Carcinoma Viability. Carroll TM, Williams JS, Daily K, Rogers T, Gelb ...
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma: *Goblet cells with intracytoplasmic mucin among squamoid intermediate cells *p63+, CK5/6+ (Head Neck ... May also be seen in mucoepidermoid carcinoma *Mammaglobin: 83% sensitive but lacks specificity in diagnostic context as it is ... Intraductal carcinoma: *Cystic structures with intracystic epithelial proliferation resembling ductal carcinoma in situ of the ... The image shows a secretory carcinoma with abundant secretions. Comment Here Reference: Secretory carcinoma ...
adenoid cystic carcinoma (highest incidence per individual tumor 5). *mucoepidermoid carcinoma. *mucosal/cutaneous basal cell ... mucosal/cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma *oral cavity/laryngeal (2-30%) , cutaneous (3-8%) ... carcinoma (2-5% demonstrate perineural tumor spread) 4 * melanoma *0.8 - 2.6% demonstrate perineural spread8 *65% are ...
Mucoepidermoid eccrine carcinoma 400180002. *Nodular hidradenoma, malignant 128894005. *Sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma ...
... Basal cell carcinomaClassification & external resources ICD-9 173 ICD-O: 8090/3-8093/3 OMIM 605462 ... Mucoepidermoid carcinoma - Cystadenoma/Cystadenocarcinoma/Pseudomyxoma peritonei - Signet ring cell carcinoma/Krukenberg tumor ... Cholangiocarcinoma - Hepatocellular adenoma/Hepatocellular carcinoma - Adenoid cystic carcinoma - Familial adenomatous ... basal cell carcinoma]. Imiquimod may be used prior to surgery to reduce the size of the carcinoma. See Chemotherapy. One can ...
Gossypol acetic acid induces DNA double-strand breaks in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell MEC-1. Acta Physiologica Sinica 63 ... an androgen-downregulated gene attenuates cell invasion and tumorigenesis in prostate carcinoma cells. The Prostate 72, 1431- ...
Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid Preferred Term Term UI T054579. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1994). ... Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid Preferred Concept UI. M0027508. Scope Note. A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low- ... Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid. Tree Number(s). C04.557.470.200.025.340. C04.557.470.590.340. Unique ID. D018277. RDF Unique ... Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. ...
Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of Mammary Analog Secretory Carcinoma Masquerading as Low-Grade Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: Case ... Diagnostic Value of Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Flow Cytometry for Diagnosis of Metastatic Carcinoma in Serous Effusions ...
... mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland, squamous cell cancer of the parotid gland, and extramammary Paget disease of the ...
... acinic cell and muco-epidermoid carcinoma whereas men show 122% higher IR of squamous cell carcinomas of the salivary gland ( ... Boukheris H, Curtis RE, Land CE, Dores GM (2009). Incidence of carcinoma of the major salivary glands according to the WHO ... Males have a 51% higher combined IR of the major salivary gland carcinomas, but the IR varies significantly within the subtypes ... of salivary gland carcinomas. For example, females show 25 -38% higher (age-adjusted below 50 years of age) IR of adenoid ...
Virus isolation was attempted by inoculating monolayers of Vero-E6, Vero-SLAM, and H292 cells (mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells ...
... especially with calls for reconsidering the nature of high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). This study aims to compare the ... especially with calls for reconsidering the nature of high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). This study aims to compare the ... and found gankyrin to be overexpressed in 3 of 20 squamous cell carcinomas, none of 10 basal cell carcinomas, 13 of 18 ... Breast carcinomas are known to metastasize to various organs of the human body. Fine needle aspiration cytology or exfoliative ...
... and muco-epidermoid carcinoma, whereas men show 122% higher IR of squamous cell carcinomas of the salivary gland. Interestingly ... Males have a 51% higher combined IR of the major salivary gland carcinomas, but there exists IR variation among the tumor ...
Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid Preferred Term Term UI T054579. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1994). ... Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid Preferred Concept UI. M0027508. Scope Note. A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low- ... Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid. Tree Number(s). C04.557.470.200.025.340. C04.557.470.590.340. Unique ID. D018277. RDF Unique ... Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. ...
Salivary Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: An Institutional Review. American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress (2010).. ...
Malignant C6457 Thymic Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Thymus,Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Thymus, ... Malignant C5908 Salivary Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Salivary Gland,Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of ... Malignant C6079 Eye Carcinoma Carcinoma of Eye,Carcinoma of the Eye,Ocular Carcinoma A carcinoma that arises from any of the ... Benign C9362 Clitoral Carcinoma Carcinoma of Clitoris,Carcinoma of the Clitoris,Clitoral Cancer,Clitoris Carcinoma A carcinoma ...
Pediatric Warthin-like Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases with One Persistent/Recurrent as Conventional ... Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma. Daoud EV, McLean-Holden AC, Pfeifer CM, Timmons CF, Oliai BR, Bishop JA, Head Neck Pathol 2020 Dec 14 ...
Protumoral effect of macrophage through Axl activation on mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Chiu, K. C., Lee, C. H., Liu, S. Y., Yeh, C ... Proteomics analysis of a novel compound: Cyclic RGD in breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7. Juan, H. F., Wang, I. H., Huang, T. C. ... Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B or C. Kao, W. Y., Su, C. W., ... Proteomic analysis reveals that pardaxin triggers apoptotic signaling pathways in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells: Cross ...
  • Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) represents 10-15% of salivary neoplasms. (wjon.org)
  • 3. Multiple malignant salivary gland neoplasms: mucoepidermoid carcinoma of palate and adenoid cystic carcinoma of floor of mouth. (nih.gov)
  • Genotypic characterization of a primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland by cytogenetic, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and DNA ploidy analysis. (nih.gov)
  • A history of prior squamous cell carcinoma , malignant melanoma , or malignant fibrous histiocytoma suggests intraglandular metastasis or metastasis to parotid lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
  • Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. (nih.gov)
  • Partial responses (at least 30 percent shrinkage of the tumor) were seen in three of the 37 patients, each of whom had a rare cancer: mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland, squamous cell cancer of the parotid gland, and extramammary Paget disease of the scrotum. (nih.gov)
  • Parotid Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Thyroid Adenoma. (evenimente-corporate.ro)
  • Histopathology: Basal cell carcinoma is a malignant epithelial tumor arising only in skin, from the basal layer of the epidermis or of the pilosebaceous adnexa. (bionity.com)
  • Pleomorphic adenoma, a common salivary gland tumor, is a rare benign as metaplastic carcinoma in preoperative stereotactic biopsy: a case report and. (evenimente-corporate.ro)
  • Of the malignant tumors, the most common are mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • 19. Clinicopathologic and prognostic factors in adenoid cystic carcinoma of head and neck minor salivary glands: A clinical analysis of 130 cases. (nih.gov)
  • On CT or MRI, many malignant tumors, such as acinic cell carcinomas or low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas, appear indistinguishable from benign tumors, such as pleomorphic adenomas. (medscape.com)
  • About two-thirds of basal cell carcinomas occur on sun-exposed areas of the body. (bionity.com)
  • Basal Cell Carcinomas present as a firm nodule, clearly growing within the skin and below it, rather than on the surface. (bionity.com)
  • To diagnose basal cell carcinomas, a biopsy (where tissue is taken for pathological study) is done using local anesthesia. (bionity.com)
  • Basal cell carcinomas develop in the basal cell layer of the skin . (bionity.com)
  • Most basal cell carcinomas are removed surgically. (bionity.com)
  • Pleomorphic adenoma (89.4%) and pleomorphic adenoma, Nigeria mucoepidermoid carcinoma (22.6%) respectively, were the most common benign and malignant tumours reported. (who.int)
  • The commonly reported tumours (benign and records of patients from January 1987 (the malignant) include pleomorphic adenoma, commencement of histopathological services at JUTH) mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenocystic carcinoma, until December 2002 were reviewed. (who.int)
  • The information carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma and adenocarci- obtained were entered into data entry forms designed noma. (who.int)
  • Results: The risk of developing pleomorphic adenoma is times higher in Salivary gland carcinoma in Denmark outcome and. (evenimente-corporate.ro)
  • Laryngocele associated with laryngeal carcinoma Chronic tonsillitis: histological and immunohistochemical aspects BMP6 papilloma bladder cancer within the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland. (evenimente-corporate.ro)
  • Low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma composed predominantly of mucinous cells lining cystic and glandular spaces . (webpathology.com)
  • We report the case of a 12-year-old female with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the hard palate with adjuvant radiotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Procedure: A PubMed search of English language articles was performed using the keywords and MeSH terms: mucoepidermoid, salivary gland, radiation-induced, second malignancy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Juvenile mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare disease that occurs most often in the minor glands of the hard palate. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2. Long-term treatment outcome of minor salivary gland carcinoma of the hard palate. (nih.gov)
  • Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of thyroid. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid was first reported in 1991. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of thyroid (SCME) has recently been recognised as a separate disease entity by the WHO . (bvsalud.org)
  • Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of thyroid should be differentiated from the conventional mucoepidermoid carcinoma . (bvsalud.org)
  • Basal cell carcinoma ( BCC ) is the most common form of skin cancer . (bionity.com)
  • Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer. (bionity.com)
  • State of the art regarding papilloma bladder cancer and thrombolytic therapy in dental procedures correlations in different histological variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma. (evenimente-corporate.ro)
  • 6. Carcinomas of the minor salivary glands of the oral cavity. (nih.gov)
  • 10. Minor salivary gland carcinoma involving the oral cavity or oropharynx. (nih.gov)
  • Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the salivary glands has been reported to occur in patients previously treated with chemotherapy and/or radiation. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Verma, J , Teh, BS & Paulino, AC 2011, ' Characteristics and outcome of radiation and chemotherapy-related mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands ', Pediatric Blood and Cancer , vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 1137-1141. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Paulino, Arnold C. / Characteristics and outcome of radiation and chemotherapy-related mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands . (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Papillary carcinoma 32 mm in size with central vascularization. (evenimente-corporate.ro)
  • WHO 2022 landscape of papillary and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)
  • t(11;19)(q21;p13) translocation in mucoepidermoid carcinoma creates a novel fusion product that disrupts a Notch signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
  • We present a case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma with t(3;12)(q24;p13) and polysomy X by cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. (nih.gov)
  • Meth- Areas with squamous metaplasia and in situ carcinoma were also papilloma bladder cancer. (evenimente-corporate.ro)
  • Endocervical Carcinoma An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelium resembling the endocervical epithelium. (nih.gov)
  • In the Brownell Lab, she is involved in the study of merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare and aggressive skin cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Assessment of cancer cell line representativeness using microarrays for Merkel cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • Une étude rétrospective descriptive en milieu hospitalier a été menée sur tous les cas de cancer de la tête et du cou dans deux hôpitaux de Damas pendant une période de trois ans (2008-2010). (who.int)
  • Researchers at the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center and School of Dentistry found that certain drugs can change the fundamental makeup of cancer stem cells in mouse models of mucoepidermoid carcinoma - a lethal form of salivary gland cancer that currently has no treatment options. (mybestmedicine.com)
  • Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant salivary gland cancer with very limited therapeutic options. (mybestmedicine.com)
  • There are two variants of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of thyroid . (bvsalud.org)
  • Mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) is the most common salivary gland malignancy. (refine.bio)
  • Effect of margin status and pathological grade in treatment of sinonasal mucoepidermoid carcinoma. (rush.edu)
  • 1. The Evaluation and Management of Carcinoma of the Minor Salivary Glands. (nih.gov)
  • 20. The role of bronchoscopy and gastroscopy in intraoral minor salivary gland carcinomas at initial staging. (nih.gov)
  • These mutations are involved in the transformation of low-grade tumors to high-grade tumors, presenting a vital tool for evaluating the aggressive behavior of this carcinoma. (wjon.org)
  • Gene expression profiling analysis of CRTC1-MAML2 fusion oncogene-induced transcriptional program in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells. (refine.bio)