Carcinoma
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.
Carcinoma in Situ
Carcinoma, Papillary
Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast
Carcinoma, Basal Cell
A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)
Immunohistochemistry
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic
Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic
Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Carcinoma, Small Cell
Tumor Markers, Biological
Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.
Carcinoma, Medullary
A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Carcinoma, Lobular
A infiltrating (invasive) breast cancer, relatively uncommon, accounting for only 5%-10% of breast tumors in most series. It is often an area of ill-defined thickening in the breast, in contrast to the dominant lump characteristic of ductal carcinoma. It is typically composed of small cells in a linear arrangement with a tendency to grow around ducts and lobules. There is likelihood of axillary nodal involvement with metastasis to meningeal and serosal surfaces. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1205)
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine
A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular sheets of round "blue cells", granular chromatin, and an attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine tumors include carcinoids, small ("oat") cell carcinomas, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, Merkel cell tumor, cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, and pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the tumor cells. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Prognosis
Neoplasm Staging
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid
A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240)
Carcinoma, Endometrioid
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)
Carcinoma, Embryonal
A highly malignant, primitive form of carcinoma, probably of germinal cell or teratomatous derivation, usually arising in a gonad and rarely in other sites. It is rare in the female ovary, but in the male it accounts for 20% of all testicular tumors. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1595)
Carcinoma, Merkel Cell
A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)
Carcinoma, Ductal
Lymphatic Metastasis
Ovarian Neoplasms
Adrenocortical Carcinoma
A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic (ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism (CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.
Carcinoma, Verrucous
A variant of well-differentiated epidermoid carcinoma that is most common in the oral cavity, but also occurs in the larynx, nasal cavity, esophagus, penis, anorectal region, vulva, vagina, uterine cervix, and skin, especially on the sole of the foot. Most intraoral cases occur in elderly male abusers of smokeless tobacco. The treatment is surgical resection. Radiotherapy is not indicated, as up to 30% treated with radiation become highly aggressive within six months. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell
Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasm Proteins
Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
Mice, Nude
Carcinoma, Large Cell
Laryngeal Neoplasms
Retrospective Studies
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
Immunoenzyme Techniques
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Neoplasm Transplantation
Neoplasms, Multiple Primary
Survival Rate
Adenocarcinoma, Follicular
Survival Analysis
A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous
Treatment Outcome
Antigens, Neoplasm
Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Precancerous Conditions
Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
Endometrial Neoplasms
Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell
An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of varying combinations of clear and hobnail-shaped tumor cells. There are three predominant patterns described as tubulocystic, solid, and papillary. These tumors, usually located in the female reproductive organs, have been seen more frequently in young women since 1970 as a result of the association with intrauterine exposure to diethylstilbestrol. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed)
Disease Progression
Colorectal Neoplasms
alpha-Fetoproteins
Apoptosis
One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).
Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous
A malignant cystic or semicystic neoplasm. It often occurs in the ovary and usually bilaterally. The external surface is usually covered with papillary excrescences. Microscopically, the papillary patterns are predominantly epithelial overgrowths with differentiated and undifferentiated papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma cells. Psammoma bodies may be present. The tumor generally adheres to surrounding structures and produces ascites. (From Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p185)
Carcinoma, Lewis Lung
A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.
Combined Modality Therapy
Cell Division
Tissue Array Analysis
Disease-Free Survival
Keratins
A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.
Cisplatin
An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
Follow-Up Studies
Mutation
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
Biopsy
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Ki-67 Antigen
Genes, p53
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary
Chemoembolization, Therapeutic
Fatal Outcome
Blotting, Western
Base Sequence
Loss of Heterozygosity
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)
Neovascularization, Pathologic
Carcinoma, Basosquamous
Receptor, erbB-2
A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in a variety of ADENOCARCINOMAS. It has extensive homology to and heterodimerizes with the EGF RECEPTOR, the ERBB-3 RECEPTOR, and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. Activation of the erbB-2 receptor occurs through heterodimer formation with a ligand-bound erbB receptor family member.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
Genes, Tumor Suppressor
Neoplasms, Experimental
Breast
Gene Expression Profiling
Sensitivity and Specificity
Cadherins
Calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They are important in the formation of ADHERENS JUNCTIONS between cells. Cadherins are classified by their distinct immunological and tissue specificities, either by letters (E- for epithelial, N- for neural, and P- for placental cadherins) or by numbers (cadherin-12 or N-cadherin 2 for brain-cadherin). Cadherins promote cell adhesion via a homophilic mechanism as in the construction of tissues and of the whole animal body.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Papillomaviridae
A family of small, non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting birds and most mammals, especially humans. They are grouped into multiple genera, but the viruses are highly host-species specific and tissue-restricted. They are commonly divided into hundreds of papillomavirus "types", each with specific gene function and gene control regions, despite sequence homology. Human papillomaviruses are found in the genera ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; BETAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; GAMMAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; and MUPAPILLOMAVIRUS.
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar
A carcinoma thought to be derived from epithelium of terminal bronchioles, in which the neoplastic tissue extends along the alveolar walls and grows in small masses within the alveoli. Involvement may be uniformly diffuse and massive, or nodular, or lobular. The neoplastic cells are cuboidal or columnar and form papillary structures. Mucin may be demonstrated in some of the cells and in the material in the alveoli, which also includes denuded cells. Metastases in regional lymph nodes, and in even more distant sites, are known to occur, but are infrequent. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Tumor Suppressor Proteins
Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal
Liver Cirrhosis
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
Transfection
Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor
A cell surface receptor involved in regulation of cell growth and differentiation. It is specific for EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR and EGF-related peptides including TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA; AMPHIREGULIN; and HEPARIN-BINDING EGF-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR. The binding of ligand to the receptor causes activation of its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and rapid internalization of the receptor-ligand complex into the cell.
Gene Expression
Case-Control Studies
Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.
Tumor Burden
Fluorouracil
Down-Regulation
Hyperplasia
Receptors, Estrogen
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Risk Factors
Neoplasm Grading
Carcinoma, Giant Cell
Niacinamide
An important compound functioning as a component of the coenzyme NAD. Its primary significance is in the prevention and/or cure of blacktongue and PELLAGRA. Most animals cannot manufacture this compound in amounts sufficient to prevent nutritional deficiency and it therefore must be supplemented through dietary intake.
Gene Amplification
A selective increase in the number of copies of a gene coding for a specific protein without a proportional increase in other genes. It occurs naturally via the excision of a copy of the repeating sequence from the chromosome and its extrachromosomal replication in a plasmid, or via the production of an RNA transcript of the entire repeating sequence of ribosomal RNA followed by the reverse transcription of the molecule to produce an additional copy of the original DNA sequence. Laboratory techniques have been introduced for inducing disproportional replication by unequal crossing over, uptake of DNA from lysed cells, or generation of extrachromosomal sequences from rolling circle replication.
Papilloma
Keratin-7
In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
Ureteral Neoplasms
Lymph Nodes
Up-Regulation
Cell Survival
Predictive Value of Tests
In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.
Proto-Oncogene Proteins
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Adenoma, Oxyphilic
A usually benign glandular tumor composed of oxyphil cells, large cells with small irregular nuclei and dense acidophilic granules due to the presence of abundant MITOCHONDRIA. Oxyphil cells, also known as oncocytes, are found in oncocytomas of the kidney, salivary glands, and endocrine glands. In the thyroid gland, oxyphil cells are known as Hurthle cells and Askanazy cells.
Carcinosarcoma
Neoplasms
Microsatellite Repeats
Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3
Papillomavirus Infections
Multivariate Analysis
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor
Mucin-1
Carbohydrate antigen elevated in patients with tumors of the breast, ovary, lung, and prostate as well as other disorders. The mucin is expressed normally by most glandular epithelia but shows particularly increased expression in the breast at lactation and in malignancy. It is thus an established serum marker for breast cancer.
Cell Movement
Transcription Factors
In Situ Hybridization
DNA-Binding Proteins
Teratoma
A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)
Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary
Ampulla of Vater
Nuclear Proteins
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Neoplasms, Squamous Cell
Carcinoma, Skin Appendage
Common Bile Duct Neoplasms
RNA, Small Interfering
Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.
Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
Variation in a population's DNA sequence that is detected by determining alterations in the conformation of denatured DNA fragments. Denatured DNA fragments are allowed to renature under conditions that prevent the formation of double-stranded DNA and allow secondary structure to form in single stranded fragments. These fragments are then run through polyacrylamide gels to detect variations in the secondary structure that is manifested as an alteration in migration through the gels.
Iodine Radioisotopes
Cell Differentiation
Anticoagulant heparan sulfate precursor structures in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. (1/312)
To understand the mechanisms that control anticoagulant heparan sulfate (HSact) biosynthesis, we previously showed that HSact production in the F9 system is determined by the abundance of 3-O-sulfotransferase-1 as well as the size of the HSact precursor pool. In this study, HSact precursor structures have been studied by characterizing [6-3H]GlcN metabolically labeled F9 HS tagged with 3-O-sulfates in vitro by 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phospho-35S and purified 3-O-sulfotransferase-1. This later in vitro labeling allows the regions of HS destined to become the antithrombin (AT)-binding sites to be tagged for subsequent structural studies. It was shown that six 3-O-sulfation sites exist per HSact precursor chain. At least five out of six 3-O-sulfate-tagged oligosaccharides in HSact precursors bind AT, whereas none of 3-O-sulfate-tagged oligosaccharides from HSinact precursors bind AT. When treated with low pH nitrous or heparitinase, 3-O-sulfate-tagged HSact and HSinact precursors exhibit clearly different structural features. 3-O-Sulfate-tagged HSact hexasaccharides were AT affinity purified and sequenced by chemical and enzymatic degradations. The 3-O-sulfate-tagged HSact hexasaccharides exhibited the following structures, DeltaUA-[6-3H]GlcNAc6S-GlcUA-[6-3H]GlcNS3(35)S+/-6S-++ +IdceA2S-[6-3H]Glc NS6S. The underlined 6- and 3-O-sulfates constitute the most critical groups for AT binding in view of the fact that the precursor hexasaccharides possess all the elements for AT binding except for the 3-O-sulfate moiety. The presence of five potential AT-binding precursor hexasaccharides in all HSact precursor chains demonstrates for the first time the processive assembly of specific sequence in HS. The difference in structures around potential 3-O-sulfate acceptor sites in HSact and HSinact precursors suggests that these precursors might be generated by different concerted assembly mechanisms in the same cell. This study permits us to understand better the nature of the HS biosynthetic pathway that leads to the generation of specific saccharide sequences. (+info)Differential expression of mouse Disabled 2 gene in retinoic acid-treated F9 embryonal carcinoma cells and early mouse embryos. (2/312)
Using a differential display PCR, we identified a differentially expressed cDNA fragment which was detectable in retinoic acid (RA) treated F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells but not in untreated F9 cells. A homology search of the Gene Bank indicated that the cDNA fragment is part of the mouse homolog of the Drosophila Disabled (mDab2) gene. Aggregate cultures of F9 EC cells grown in the presence of the RA differentiated into nonmalignant cells resembling the visceral endoderm of the mouse embryo. Upon induction of endodermal differentiation with 10(-7) M RA, the gene expression of mDab2 was increased gradually during the first 96 h. Neither undifferentiated F9 cells, nor the undifferentiated aggregate cells without RA expressed mDab2. Whole-mount in situ hybridization and quantitative RT-PCR also showed that the temporal expression pattern of the mDab2 gene coincides with the initiation pattern of RA synthesis that occurs during mouse embryogenesis. Also, two alternative splicing messages of mDab2 were detected in a tissue specific manner. All the data indicate that mDab2 may play an important role in RA-induced signal transduction during mouse development. (+info)Tyrosine phosphorylation of C-Cbl facilitates adhesion and spreading while suppressing anchorage-independent growth of V-Abl-transformed NIH3T3 fibroblasts. (3/312)
The protooncogenic protein c-Cbl becomes tyrosine phosphorylated in normal cells in response to a variety of external stimuli, as well as in cells transformed by oncogenic protein tyrosine kinases. Tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl upregulates its binding to multiple crucial signaling molecules. However, the biological consequences of c-Cbl-mediated signaling are insufficiently understood. To analyse the biological functions of c-Cbl, we overexpressed wild-type c-Cbl and its tyrosine phosphorylation-defective mutant form in v-Abl-transformed NIH3T3 fibroblasts. In this system, wild-type c-Cbl facilitated adhesion and spreading of v-Abl-transformed fibroblasts on the extracellular matrix, while reducing anchorage independence of these cells, as measured by their colony-forming efficiency in soft agar. Therefore, overexpression of wild-type c-Cbl exhibits an overall transformation-suppressing effect. By contrast, overexpression of a tyrosine phosphorylation-defective form of c-Cbl increases neither adhesion nor anchorage dependence of v-Abl-transformed fibroblasts. Analysis of the role of individual tyrosine phosphorylation sites of c-Cbl in these phenomena indicates that both phosphatidylinositol-3' kinase and the CrkL adaptor protein may be involved in the observed effects of c-Cbl. To summarize, the results presented in this report indicate that c-Cbl is involved in regulation of cell adhesion and cytoskeletal rearrangements, and that these effects of c-Cbl are dependent on its tyrosine phosphorylation. (+info)Retinoic acid promotes ubiquitination and proteolysis of cyclin D1 during induced tumor cell differentiation. (4/312)
Mechanisms by which differentiation programs engage the cell cycle are poorly understood. This study demonstrates that retinoids promote ubiquitination and degradation of cyclin D1 during retinoid-induced differentiation of human embryonal carcinoma cells. In response to all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) treatment, the human embryonal carcinoma cell line NT2/D1 exhibits a progressive decline in cyclin D1 expression beginning when the cells are committed to differentiate, but before onset of terminal neuronal differentiation. The decrease in cyclin D1 protein is tightly associated with the accumulation of hypophosphorylated forms of the retinoblastoma protein and G(1) arrest. In contrast, retinoic acid receptor gamma-deficient NT2/D1-R1 cells do not growth-arrest or accumulate in G(1) and have persistent cyclin D1 overexpression despite RA treatment. Notably, stable transfection of retinoic acid receptor gamma restores RA-mediated growth suppression and differentiation to NT2/D1-R1 cells and restores the decline of cyclin D1. The proteasome inhibitor LLnL blocks this RA-mediated decline in cyclin D1. RA treatment markedly accelerates ubiquitination of wild-type cyclin D1, but not a cyclin D1 (T286A) mutant. Transient expression of cyclin D1 (T286A) in NT2/D1 cells blocks RA-mediated transcriptional decline of a differentiation-sensitive reporter plasmid and represses induction of immunophenotypic neuronal markers. Taken together, these findings strongly implicate RA-mediated degradation of cyclin D1 as a means of coupling induced differentiation and cell cycle control of human embryonal carcinoma cells. (+info)The role of chemotherapy in intracranial germinoma: a case report. (5/312)
BACKGROUND: The case of a 29-year-old man with histologically proven simultaneous germinoma (seminoma) of the pineal gland and a stage I embryonal carcinoma of the testis is reported. An intradural metastatic lesion from the pineal germinoma was diagnosed at the level of the first thoracic vertebra. Treatment, after inguinal orchiectomy, was chemotherapy only, rather than conventional radiotherapy for the pineal germinoma. METHODS: Therapy consisted of bleomycin (B), etoposide (E) and cisplatin (P). MRI was used to assess the effectiveness of BEP chemotherapy. RESULTS: A complete remission of the pineal gland germinoma and the epidural metastasis was documented after two cycles of BEP chemotherapy and after 15 months of follow-up the patient remains free of relapse. DISCUSSION: The pathogenesis of simultaneously occurring germinoma of the pineal gland and embryonal cell carcinoma of the testis is discussed. The choice of therapy in these circumstances is a matter of debate and the good result of chemotherapy alone in this patient suggest that primary chemotherapy may be the therapy of choice in patients with pineal germinomas. (+info)Interdependent action of RalGEF and Erk in Ras-induced primitive endoderm differentiation of F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. (6/312)
Previous work by us and others has implicated a role for Ral guanine exchange factors (RalGEFs) in Ras-induced cell growth and oncogenic transformation. Here we show for the first time that RalGEFs are involved in Ras-induced differentiation as well. Expression of oncogenic Ras in F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells is known to induce differentiation to a primitive endoderm (PrE)-like phenotype, but the downstream signal transduction mechanisms involved are unclear. We found that PrE differentiation is induced by the Ras effector domain mutants, RasV12G37 and RasV12E38, but not by RasV12C40. Accordingly, expression of constitutively active forms of RalGEF (Rlf-CAAX) or Rafl (Raf-CAAX) is sufficient to induce differentiation. Inhibition of RalGEF activity by expression of dominant negative Ral completely abolishes Rlf-CAAX- and RasV12G37-induced differentiation, while it reduces differentiation by RasV12 and Raf-CAAX. Finally, while Rlf-CAAX does not increase Erk activity, inhibition of MEK blocks both Ras- as well as Rlf-CAAX-induced differentiation, suggesting that RalGEFs induce PrE differentiation in a manner depending on basal MEK or Erk activity. Based on these results we conclude that Ras induces PrE differentiation of F9 EC cells via an interplay of Erk-and RalGEF-mediated pathways. (+info)Volume of liquid below the epithelium of an F9 cell as a signal for differentiation into visceral endoderm. (7/312)
When retinoic acid-primed F9 cells are allowed to aggregate, they form embryoid bodies with an outer layer of (&agr;)-fetoprotein-producing visceral endoderm cells and an internal cavity. I show that maturation of the visceral endoderm is dependent on the size of F9 aggregates. Size fractionation of aggregates of retinoic acid-primed F9 cells on Percoll density gradients revealed that only aggregates with diameters larger than 180 microm developed into embryoid bodies with an endoderm layer secreting (&agr;)-fetoprotein. Size dependent alpha-fetoprotein-secretion was also observed when retinoic acid-primed F9 cells were cultured on porous microcarrier beads larger than 185 microm. Retinoic acid-primed F9 cells on flat microporous membranes did not differentiate and secrete alpha-fetoprotein unless exposed to a limited volume of medium at their basolateral surface. This suggested that maturation of the visceral endoderm is signaled by the volume of liquid phase below the epithelium. I postulate that the epithelial layer of an F9 aggregate encloses liquid and forms a barrier to diffusion of some critical factor(s). The concentration of such a factor may reach a threshold due to enlargement of the liquid phase during growth of the F9 aggregate and thereby signal maturation of the outer layer of cells into visceral endoderm. (+info)Alternative promoters direct tissue-specific expression of the mouse protein phosphatase 2Cbeta gene. (8/312)
Type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), a class of ubiquitous and evolutionally conserved serine/threonine protein phosphatases, are encoded in at least four distinct genes and implicated in the regulation of various cellular functions. Of these four PP2C genes, the expression of the PP2Cbeta gene has been reported to be tissue-specific and development-dependent. To understand more precisely the regulatory mechanism of this expression, we have isolated and characterized overlapping mouse genomic lambda clones. A comparison of genomic sequences with PP2Cbeta cDNA sequences provided information on the structure and localization of intron/exon boundaries and indicated that PP2Cbeta isoforms with different 5' termini were generated by alternative splicing of its pre-mRNA. The 5'-flanking region of exon 1 had features characteristic of a housekeeping gene: it was GC-rich, lacked TATA boxes and CAAT boxes in the standard positions, and contained potential binding sites for the transcription factor SP1. In the 5'-flanking region of exon 2, several consensus sequences were found, such as a TATA-like sequence and negative regulatory element box-1, -2 and -3. Subsequent analysis by transient transfection assay with a reporter gene showed that these regions act as distinct promoters. Analysis of PP2Cbeta transcripts by reverse transcriptase-PCR showed that exon-1 transcripts were expressed ubiquitously in all of the tissues examined, whereas exon-2 transcripts were predominantly expressed in the testis, intestine and liver. These results suggest that the alternative usage of two promoters within the PP2Cbeta gene regulates tissue-specific expression of PP2Cbeta mRNA. (+info)Embryonal carcinoma P19 cells produce erythropoietin constitutively but express lactate dehydrogenase in an oxygen-dependent...
Apoptosis of human embryonal carcinoma cells with in vitro differentiation<...
Lamins A and C appear during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of mouse embryonal carcinoma cells. | Journal of Cell...
Expression Profiling of Lineage Differentiation in Pluripotential Human Embryonal Carcinoma Cells -- Houldsworth et al. 13 (6):...
Characterization of constitutive HSF2 DNA-binding activity in mouse embryonal carcinoma cells. | Molecular and Cellular Biology
Proliferation of a human embryonal carcinoma-derived cell line in serum-free medium: inter-relationship between growth factor...
Disabled-2 Mediates c-Fos Suppression and the Cell Growth Regulatory Activity of Retinoic Acid in Embryonic Carcinoma Cells<...
Early Cycling-independent Changes to p27, Cyclin D2, and Cyclin D3 in Differentiating Mouse Embryonal Carcinoma Cells --...
Overall survival of 425 advanced renal-cell carcinoma p | Open-i
Fusion of embryonal carcinoma cells to fibroblast cells, cytoplasts, a by M W. Mcburney and B Strutt
What is an Embryonal Carcinoma? (with pictures)
Understanding the roles of growth factors in carcinogenesis: Modulation of autocrine growth control by differentiation<...
Pathology of Embryonal Carcinoma: Definition, Epidemiology, Etiology
TCF3 inhibits F9 embryonal carcinoma growth by the down-regulation of Oct4
Stimulation of the clonal growth and differentiation of feeder layer d by R Oshima
JCI -
Targeting CDK1 promotes FLT3-activated acute myeloid leukemia differentiation through C/EBPα
CiNii 論文 - Neuronal and mesodermal differentiation of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells is...
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Genomic and Phenotypic Alterations of the Neuronal-Like Cells Derived from Human Embryonal Carcinoma...
An adenovirus E1A-like transcription factor is regulated during the differentiation of murine embryonal carcinoma stem cells -...
F9 (Mouse embryonic carcinoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate (ab27193) is not available
Genome wide profiling of human embryonic stem cells (hescs), their derivatives and embryonal carcinoma cells to develop base...
Characterization of a murine cellular SV40 T antigen in SV40-transformed cells and uninfected embryonal carcinoma cells<...
TRA-1-60(+), SSEA-4(+), POU5F1(+), SOX2(+), NANOG(+) Clones of Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Embryonal Carcinomas of the Testes...
Cloning and expression of a developmentally regulated protein that induces mitogenic and neurite outgrowth activity.
Cancer: Testicular embryonal carcinoma | Chemotherapy. Treatment in Jena, Germany | BookingHealth
Testicular embryonal carcinoma | Chemotherapy. Cancer: Treatment abroad, cost of hospitals on BookingHealth.com
國立成功大學基礎醫學研究所 ─ 師資
springerlink, sciencedirect, wileyinterscience, z8OoqYUZwowyMHOpM6SRMRM1M0c: Three differentiation states risk-stratify bladder...
Uncategorized - The role of cyclooxygenases in inflammation and cancer
Celline expression of FKBP5 in NTERA-2 - HPA031092 - The Human Protein Atlas
Cory Bernadt, MD, PhD | Department of Pathology & Immunology
Tumorigenesis is often described while a result of accumulated mutations that - Intestinal secretion of immunoglobulins and...
Differentiation of mouse P19 embryonic carcinoma stem cells injected into an empty zebrafish egg chorion in a microfluidic...
The role of p53 in retinoic acid-induced differentiation of human germ cell tumors. :: Dartmouth Dissertations
Tumor Cell Differentiation | Journal of Clinical Pathology
Plus it
Interactive Fly, Drosophila
June | 2015 | PDGF signal
Figure 3
RNA seq analysis of transcriptome variation with human ESC subclones - EGA European Genome-Phenome Archive
Knockdown of SMN by RNA interference induces apoptosis in differentiated P19 neural stem cells. - Physiology, Anatomy and...
Discovery of endogenous viruses | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Plus it
Expression and functional significance of HtrA1 loss in endometrial cancer<...
Mechanism of action of NSC3852, a breast cancer differentiation agent by Anna Martirosyan
Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Carcinoma - My Cancer Genome
IJMS | Free Full-Text | The Involvement of RhoA and Wnt-5a in the Tumorigenesis and Progression of Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma
Demethylation of somatic and testis-specific histone H2A and H2B genes in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. | Molecular and...
Epothilone B - effects on platelets and insulin sensitivity, using AZD6482 a novel PI3Kβ inhibitor
gp200 renal cell carcinoma marker - AM32416PU-N | acris-antibodies.com
TRA-1-60 Antibody, anti-human, REAfinity™ - Recombinant antibodies - MACS Antibodies - Products - Miltenyi Biotec - Belgique
Publications of LncRNA Microarrays & Services in 2015 | Arraystar
P19 cell
Because embryonal carcinoma can differentiate into cells of all three germ layers, P19 cells can also differentiate into those ... When embryonal carcinoma cells are cultured at high density, they start to differentiate. By aggregating the cells into an ... van der Heyden, MA; Defize, LH (2003-05-01). "Twenty one years of P19 cells: what an embryonal carcinoma cell line taught us ... For developmental biologists, embryonal carcinoma, which is derived from teratocarcinoma, is a good object for developmental ...
Austin Gerard Smith
Gerard, Smith, Austin (1986). "Genetic analysis of embryonal carcinoma cells". hdl:1842/20194. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal ...
Professional Medical Film
... embryonal carcinoma, teratocarcinoma, and choriocarcinoma; clinical and microscopical analysis (20 min; color). PMF 5316 (1957 ...
PODXL
Schopperle WM, Kershaw DB, DeWolf WC (Jan 2003). "Human embryonal carcinoma tumor antigen, Gp200/GCTM-2, is podocalyxin". ...
Stem cell marker
Boulter CA, Wagner EF (March 1988). "The effects of v-src expression on the differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells". ... Przyborski SA (2001). "Isolation of human embryonal carcinoma stem cells by immunomagnetic sorting". Stem Cells. 19 (6): 500-4 ... "The small heat shock protein hsp25 is accumulated in P19 embryonal carcinoma cells and embryonic stem cells of line BLC6 during ... acid represses a cassette of candidate pluripotency chromosome 12p genes during induced loss of human embryonal carcinoma ...
heparan sulfate)-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferase 1
Zhang L, Yoshida K, Liu J, Rosenberg RD (1999). "Anticoagulant heparan sulfate precursor structures in F9 embryonal carcinoma ...
Brian Piccolo Award
When Piccolo died in 1970, embryonal cell carcinoma was 100% fatal. With advances in medicine over the years, more than 50% of ... He was then diagnosed with embryonal cell carcinoma, an aggressive form of testicular cancer that had already spread to his ...
Germ cell neoplasia in situ
The most common specific subtypes are intratubular embryonal carcinoma and intratubular seminoma.[citation needed] GCNIS is ... unspecified variant of the entity was once considered to be a carcinoma in situ, although the term "carcinoma in situ" is now ... Carcinoma in situ Germ cell tumor ITGCN. H&E stain. Williamson, Sean R; Delahunt, Brett; Magi-Galluzzi, Cristina; Algaba, ... Dieckmann KP, Skakkebaek NE (December 1999). "Carcinoma in situ of the testis: review of biological and clinical features". Int ...
RBM14
"Switched alternative splicing of oncogene CoAA during embryonal carcinoma stem cell differentiation". Nucleic Acids Research. ...
Directed differentiation
Jones-Villeneuve EM, McBurney MW, Rogers KA, Kalnins VI (1982). "Retinoic acid induces embryonal carcinoma cells to ... Historically, embryonic carcinoma (EC) cells have also been used. Fibroblasts or other differentiated cell types have been used ...
CREG1
"The secreted glycoprotein CREG enhances differentiation of NTERA-2 human embryonal carcinoma cells". Oncogene. 19 (17): 2120-8 ...
NDN (gene)
Aizawa T, Maruyama K, Kondo H, Yoshikawa K (1992). "Expression of necdin, an embryonal carcinoma-derived nuclear protein, in ...
NTERA-2
1984). "Pluripotent embryonal carcinoma clones derived from the human teratocarcinoma cell line Tera-2. Differentiation in vivo ... NTERA-2 cells were originally isolated from a lung metastasis from a 22-year-old male patient with primary embryonal carcinoma ... The NTERA-2 (also designated NTERA2/D1, NTERA2, or NT2) cell line is a clonally derived, pluripotent human embryonal carcinoma ... Andrews PW (1984). "Retinoic acid induces neuronal differentiation of a cloned human embryonal carcinoma cell line in vitro". ...
Oct-4
Schoorlemmer J, Kruijer W (December 1991). "Octamer-dependent regulation of the kFGF gene in embryonal carcinoma and embryonic ... knockdown of Oct4 and beta2-microglobulin expression by RNA interference in human embryonic stem cells and embryonic carcinoma ...
Membrane potential
... embryonal carcinoma) cell line". Developmental Brain Research. 84 (1): 130-41. doi:10.1016/0165-3806(94)00166-W. PMID 7720212. ...
Gap junction
"Gap junction blockage interferes with neuronal and astroglial differentiation of mouse P19 embryonal carcinoma cells". Dev. ...
LIN28
In pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells, LIN28 is localized in the ribosomes, P-bodies and stress granules. LIN28 is thought ... "Micro-RNA regulation of the mammalian lin-28 gene during neuronal differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells". Molecular and ...
RAGE (gene)
"Renal cell carcinoma antigen is expressed by yolk sac tumors and yolk sac elements of embryonal carcinomas". Applied ... "A new gene coding for an antigen recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes on a human renal carcinoma". Immunogenetics. ... of RAGE-1 and MAGE-9 peptide-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte lines for transfer in patients with renal cell carcinoma". ...
Neurofilament light polypeptide
"AP-1 and Krox-24 transcription factors activate the neurofilament light gene promoter in P19 embryonal carcinoma cells". Cell ...
Endodermal sinus tumor
It is the most common testicular tumor in children under three, and is also known as infantile embryonal carcinoma. This age ... particularly teratoma and embryonal carcinoma. While pure teratoma is usually benign, endodermal sinus tumor is malignant. ...
Extracranial germ cell tumor
... embryonal carcinoma & yolk sac tumor (11%), seminoma & embryonal carcinoma (16%), and teratoma & embryonal carcinoma (26%). The ... embryonal carcinoma, gonadoblastoma, teratoma & yolk sac tumor Mixed GCTs: a combination of EGCTs. Common combinations include ...
Mir-383 microRNA precursor family
"Downregulation of microRNA-383 is associated with male infertility and promotes testicular embryonal carcinoma cell ...
Large tumor antigen
... of a 54K Dalton cellular SV40 tumor antigen present in SV40-transformed cells and uninfected embryonal carcinoma cells". Cell. ... naturally infects humans and is associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare form of skin cancer originating from Merkel ... "Clonal Integration of a Polyomavirus in Human Merkel Cell Carcinoma". Science. 319 (5866): 1096-1100. Bibcode:2008Sci... ...
JADE1
The potential role for human JADE1 in the renewal of embryonic stem cell and embryonal carcinoma cell cultures was suggested in ... "A data integration approach to mapping OCT4 gene regulatory networks operative in embryonic stem cells and embryonal carcinoma ... In a handful of pilot studies JADE1 expression was examined in colon cancers and renal carcinomas. The results in these studies ... The human pVHL is mutated in von Hippel-Lindau hereditary disease, and in majority of sporadic clear cell renal carcinomas. ...
Podocalyxin
"The TRA-1-60 and TRA-1-81 human pluripotent stem cell markers are expressed on podocalyxin in embryonal carcinoma". Stem Cells ... Thomas SN, Schnaar RL, Konstantopoulos K (Mar 2009). "Podocalyxin-like protein is an E-/L-selectin ligand on colon carcinoma ... Sialylated, O-glycosylated glycoforms of podocalyxin expressed by colon carcinoma cells possess L-selectin and E-selectin ... binding activity, and the affinity of the binding may be pivotal to the metastatic spread of colon carcinoma cells. At the ...
HOXB3
... and HOXB3 proteins and the upstream sequence of the Otx2 gene in embryonal carcinoma cells". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (18): 11092-9. ...
LDL-receptor-related protein-associated protein
"A heparin binding protein whose expression increases during differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells to parietal endoderm ...
HOXB2
... and HOXB3 proteins and the upstream sequence of the Otx2 gene in embryonal carcinoma cells". The Journal of Biological ...
Lance Armstrong
... embryonal carcinoma). The cancer had spread to his lymph nodes, lungs, brain, and abdomen. He visited urologist Jim Reeves in ...
Germ cell tumor
This kind of mixed germ cell tumor may be known simply as a teratoma with elements of embryonal carcinoma or choriocarcinoma, ... Teratocarcinoma refers to a germ cell tumor that is a mixture of teratoma with embryonal carcinoma, or with choriocarcinoma, or ... embryonal carcinoma and/or choriocarcinoma. They can present in the anterior mediastinum.[citation needed] Some investigators ...
Retinoblastom
CNS embryonal tumors. *Medulloblastoma. *Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor. *Embryonal tumour with multilayered rosettes ...
Astrocytoma
CNS embryonal tumors. *Medulloblastoma. *Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor. *Embryonal tumour with multilayered rosettes ...
Catenin
F9 embryonal carcinoma cells are similar to the P19 cells shown in Figure 1 and normally have cell-to-cell adhesion mediated by ... Catenin and EMT interactions may also play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma. VEGF-B treatment of hepatoma carcinoma cells can ... Kobielak A, Fuchs E (February 2006). "Links between alpha-catenin, NF-kappaB, and squamous cell carcinoma in skin". Proc. Natl ... In another example, Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been identified as activating microRNA-181s in hepatocellular carcinoma that ...
GLI2
... signaling and they are implicated as potent oncogenes in the embryonal carcinoma cell. The protein encoded by this gene ... "Expression of the GLI2 oncogene and its isoforms in human basal cell carcinoma". The British Journal of Dermatology. 148 (5): ... resembling those of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Unlike Gli1 transgenic mice, Gli2 transgenic mice only developed BCC-like ...
HOXC12
... of all-trans retinoic acid dependent expression of HOXB and HOXC homeogenes in human embryonal and small-cell lung carcinoma ...
HSPA8
It plays an important role during embryonal development as programmed cell death and accompanies a variety of normal ... In particular, overexpression of HSP72 has been linked to the development some cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, ... Therefore, the vaccine holds promise for treating hepatocellular carcinoma. Alternatively, overexpression of Hsp70 can mitigate ...
Alkaline phosphatase
... embryonic stem cells or embryonal carcinoma cells). There is a positive correlation between serum bone alkaline phosphatase ... One study compared the enzymes of liver metastases of giant-cell lung carcinoma and nonmalignant placental cells. The two were ...
NEDD9
... is highly expressed in the embryonal brain, and in numerous tissues in the embryo and adult organism. Elevated expression ... and renal cell carcinoma cells. A non-coding RNA, named B2, extending from 10 kb upstream of NEDD9 exon 1 to exon 4 has been ... in renal cell carcinoma". J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 140 (3): 387-97. doi:10.1007/s00432-013-1577-z. PMID 24384875. S2CID ... "Human enhancer of filamentation 1 Is a mediator of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha-mediated migration in colorectal carcinoma ...
NT2
... may refer to: The NTERA-2 human embryonal carcinoma cell line The Nam Theun 2 Dam, a hydroelectric dam located on the Nam ...
H19 (gene)
... hepatocellular carcinomas, bladder cancers, ovarian serous epithelial cancers, head and neck carcinomas, endometrial cancer, ... Embryonal precursors of Wilms tumor. Science 366(6470):1247-1251 Ayesh S, Matouk I, Schneider T, Ohana P, Laster M, Al-Sharef W ... In hepatocellular carcinoma, the expression of H19 and IGF2 usually changes from monoallelic to biallelic. In in vitro studies ... While the functions of the H19 RNA in the cell are still unclear, its presence in the many types of carcinoma cells suggest ...
CD30
It is expressed in embryonal carcinoma but not in seminoma and is thus a useful marker in distinguishing between these germ ...
PAX3
... such as breast carcinoma and osteosarcoma. In these wild-type PAX3-expressing cancers, PAX3 function impacts on the control of ... embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma). However, PAX3 is also expressed in other cancer types without a clear relationship to a PAX3- ...
Vulvar tumors
Squamous cell carcinoma not otherwise specified Basal cell carcinoma Squamous intraepithelial neoplasia Benign squamous lesions ... of other types Adenoma of minor vestibular glands Mixed Tumors of the vulva Tumors of skin appendage origin Embryonal ... these include leukemia and most forms of carcinoma in situ. Tumor is also not synonymous with cancer. While cancer is by ... Paget disease Bartholin gland Tumors: carcinomas, adenoma and adenomyoma Tumor arising from specialized ano-genital mammary- ...
Germ cell nuclear factor
... nuclear factor/retinoid receptor-related testis-associated receptor and its differential regulation during embryonal carcinoma ...
List of MeSH codes (C04)
... carcinoma, embryonal MeSH C04.557.465.220 - chordoma MeSH C04.557.465.280 - dermoid cyst MeSH C04.557.465.330 - germinoma MeSH ... carcinoma, ehrlich tumor MeSH C04.557.470.200.220 - carcinoma, giant cell MeSH C04.557.470.200.240 - carcinoma in situ MeSH ... carcinoma, large cell MeSH C04.557.470.200.280 - carcinoma, lewis lung MeSH C04.557.470.200.300 - carcinoma, non-small-cell ... carcinoma, bronchogenic MeSH C04.588.894.797.520.230 - carcinoma, non-small-cell lung MeSH C04.588.894.797.520.235 - carcinoma ...
Gail R. Martin
... known as embryonal carcinoma, [EC] cells) from which all the differentiated cell types in the tumor arise. During the two years ...
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1
Amplification of the FGFR1 gene (four or more copies) is present in 9 to 22% of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma ( ... The tumor cases included 6 cases of Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, 2 cases of Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and 2 cases of ... Acquired abnormalities if the FGFR1 gene are found in: ~14% of urinary bladder Transitional cell carcinomas (almost all are ...
Perlecan
Antisense in colon carcinoma cells blocks perlecan translation, leading to decreased tumor growth and angiogenesis. A similar ... The first study of perlecan expression during embryonal development found that the protein was first expressed during ... This result has been corroborated in such tissues as human colon carcinoma cells. and murine uterine epithelium by in vitro ... Since the basement membrane is the first obstacle in the way of extravasating carcinoma cells, the functions of perlecan in ...
RMDN3
... including prostate carcinoma (PCa), keratinocyte carcinoma, basal cell carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas. It is ... It plays an important role during embryonal development as programmed cell death and accompanies a variety of normal ... Both the protein and mRNA of PTPIP51 have been implicated in various carcinomas, ... "The novel protein PTPIP51 is expressed in human keratinocyte carcinomas and their surrounding stroma". Journal of Cellular and ...
Gale Sayers
Sayers' ensuing friendship with Piccolo and Piccolo's struggle with cancer (embryonal cell carcinoma, which was diagnosed after ...
List of diseases (R)
... familial Renal cell carcinoma Renal dysplasia diffuse autosomal recessive Renal dysplasia diffuse cystic Renal dysplasia limb ... embryonal Rheumatic fever Rheumatism Rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid purpura Rheumatoid vasculitis Rhinotillexomania Rhizomelic ... bilateral Renal agenesis Renal artery stenosis Renal calculi Renal caliceal diverticuli deafness Renal cancer Renal carcinoma, ...
Pathology of Embryonal Carcinoma: Definition, Epidemiology, Etiology
Embryonal carcinoma is a germ cell tumor characterized by primitive epithelial cells with marked pleomorphism and various ... Intratubular embryonal carcinoma is commonly associated with embryonal carcinoma (see the image below). Intratubular embryonal ... Pathology of embryonal carcinoma. High-magnification view of embryonal carcinoma with papillary pattern. View Media Gallery ... Pathology of embryonal carcinoma. Mixed germ cell tumor. Visible on the right side of the image is embryonal carcinoma, ...
Embryonal carcinoma - Wikipedia
Males with pure embryonal carcinoma tend to have a normal amount of the protein alpha-fetoprotein in the fluid component of ... Embryonal carcinoma is a relatively uncommon type of germ cell tumour that occurs in the ovaries and testes. The presenting ... The clinical features associated with metastasising embryonal carcinoma may include low back pain, dyspnoea, cough, haemoptysis ...
Embryonic stem (ES) cells and embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells: opposite sides of the same coin | Biochemical Society...
Embryonic stem (ES) cells and embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells: opposite sides of the same coin P.W. Andrews; P.W. Andrews 1 ... blastocyst, embryonal carcinoma cell, embryonic stem cell, germ cell tumour, pluripotentcy, teratocarcinoma ... Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are the stem cells of teratocarcinomas, and the malignant counterparts of embryonic stem (ES) ... P.W. Andrews, M.M. Matin, A.R. Bahrami, I. Damjanov, P. Gokhale, J.S. Draper; Embryonic stem (ES) cells and embryonal carcinoma ...
Neural differentiation from human embryonal carcinoma stem cells - Durham e-Theses
Posttranscriptional control of human homeobox gene expression in induced NTERA-2 embryonal carcinoma cells<...
Posttranscriptional control of human homeobox gene expression in induced NTERA-2 embryonal carcinoma cells. In: Molecular ... Posttranscriptional control of human homeobox gene expression in induced NTERA-2 embryonal carcinoma cells. / Simeone, A.; ... Posttranscriptional control of human homeobox gene expression in induced NTERA-2 embryonal carcinoma cells. Molecular ... title = "Posttranscriptional control of human homeobox gene expression in induced NTERA-2 embryonal carcinoma cells", ...
Testicular cancer: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
NTERA-2 Transfection Kit (Embryonal Carcinoma) | Transfection Reagents | Cell Lines, In Vivo | Altogen Biosystems
Embryonal carcinomas have proven to be invaluable models for studying the mechanisms that control differentiation of cells ... Transfection Reagent for NTERA-2 Cells (Embryonal Carcinoma Cells, CRL-1973). * Two component formulation enhances lipid ... the parental NTERA-2 cell line after a xenograft of a 22-year-old Caucasian male with malignant pluripotent embryonic carcinoma ...
MURINE EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA CELLS EXPRESS CLASS I MHC‐LIKE ANTIGENS<...
MURINE EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA CELLS EXPRESS CLASS I MHC‐LIKE ANTIGENS. P. L. Stern, N. Beresford, S. M. Bell, S. Thompson, K. ... MURINE EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA CELLS EXPRESS CLASS I MHC‐LIKE ANTIGENS. / Stern, P. L.; Beresford, N.; Bell, S. M. et al. ... MURINE EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA CELLS EXPRESS CLASS I MHC‐LIKE ANTIGENS. In: International Journal of Immunogenetics. 1986 ; Vol. 13 ... title = "MURINE EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA CELLS EXPRESS CLASS I MHC‐LIKE ANTIGENS",. abstract = "Previous work has concluded that ...
Testicular Cancer Workup: Approach Considerations, Imaging Studies, Procedures
Embryonal carcinomas constitute about 2% of all testicular germ cell tumors but are the histological type in 85% of mixed germ ... Increased risk of carcinoma in situ in patients with testicular germ cell cancer with ultrasonic microlithiasis in the ... Concentrations above 10,000 ng/ml are seen exclusively in germ cell tumor and hepatocellular carcinoma ... A. Embryonal carcinoma and teratoma with or without seminoma.. B. Embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor with or without ...
Testicular Cancer Workup: Approach Considerations, Imaging Studies, Procedures
Embryonal carcinomas constitute about 2% of all testicular germ cell tumors but are the histological type in 85% of mixed germ ... Increased risk of carcinoma in situ in patients with testicular germ cell cancer with ultrasonic microlithiasis in the ... Concentrations above 10,000 ng/ml are seen exclusively in germ cell tumor and hepatocellular carcinoma ... A. Embryonal carcinoma and teratoma with or without seminoma.. B. Embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor with or without ...
Embryonal carcinoma Archives | Onco blog
University of California Health Embryonal Carcinoma Clinical Trials for 2022 - California
Do you qualify for these Embryonal Carcinoma studies? Were researching new and effective treatments. ... Embryonal Carcinoma clinical trials at University of California Health 1 research study open to eligible people ... Our lead scientists for Embryonal Carcinoma research studies include Alyssa T. Reddy. ...
Refubium - OCT4 regulated transcription networks in human embryonic stem cells and human
embryonal carcinoma cells
OCT4 regulated transcription networks in human embryonic stem cells and human embryonal carcinoma cells. Title: OCT4 regulated ... OCT4 regulated transcription networks in human embryonic stem cells and human embryonal carcinoma cells. *Login ... transcription networks in human embryonic stem cells and human embryonal carcinoma cells ... and human embryonal cancer cells (ECs), is essential for possible future therapies in medicine. Connecting the expression ...
Testicular Cancer: Symptoms, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Treatment, Stages
Embryonal carcinoma. Under a microscope, these cells look like tissues from embryos. ... Yolk sac carcinoma. These cells look like the sac around an embryo. This is the most common form of testicular cancer in ... Germ cell cancer may start as another form called carcinoma in situ or intratubular germ cell neoplasia. This doesnt always ...
Right Testicle | College of American Pathologists
Central Nervous System Germinoma Differential Diagnoses
Optimizing the Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck With Immunotherapeutic Strategies 0.5 CME / ABIM MOC ... Low-dose craniospinal irradiation and ifosfamide, cisplatin and etoposide for non-metastatic embryonal tumors in the central ... Optimizing the Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck With Immunotherapeutic Strategies ...
ISUOG education course: ultrasound diagnosis of less common conditions encountered in gynecology
Embryonal Carcinoma, Choriocarcinoma and Mixed Germ Cell Tumours Ovarian embryonal carcinomas, non-gestational choriocarcinomas ... Primary carcinoma of the Fallopian Tube Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is one of the rarest gynecological malignancies ... and are often diagnosed at an earlier stage than invasive carcinomas. ...
Nonseminomatous Testicular Tumors: Practice Essentials, Relevant Anatomy, Pathophysiology
Factors that alter the differentiation of the primordial germ cell, resulting in the presence of an embryonal stem cell, can ... Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular carcinoma: long-term outcome ... NSGCTs are germ cell tumors that contain embryonal stem cells. These may be differentiated into extraembryonic tissues or ...
Decoding the dynamic H3K9cr landscapes during neural commitment of P19 embryonal
carcinoma cells. Dai SK, Hao RB, Shen F....
A Novel Therapeutic Vaccine (EO2401) in Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma, or Malignant Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma - Full...
Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal. Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue. Adenocarcinoma. Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms. Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ... Carcinoma. Pheochromocytoma. Paraganglioma. Adrenocortical Carcinoma. Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial. Neoplasms by ... Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center resources: Pheochromocytoma Paragangliomas 1 Adrenocortical Carcinoma ... Three to 12 evaluable patients with adrenal carcinoma or progressive malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma will be included ...
Germ cell ovarian tumours | Ovarian cancer | Cancer Research UK
Central Nervous System Germinoma Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Consultations
Optimizing the Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck With Immunotherapeutic Strategies 0.5 CME / ABIM MOC ... Low-dose craniospinal irradiation and ifosfamide, cisplatin and etoposide for non-metastatic embryonal tumors in the central ... Optimizing the Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck With Immunotherapeutic Strategies ...
https://www.cancer.gov/types/ovarian/hp/ovarian-germ-cell-treatment-pdq
Study of Oral MRT-2359 in Selected Cancer Patients - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Recent advances in the genetics of childhood renal cancers: a report of the 3rd International Conference on the molecular and...
... together with the Mitchell Ross symposium on anaplastic and other high risk embryonal tumors of childhood, 8-10th April 1999, ... Carcinoma, Embryonal / genetics* * Carcinoma, Embryonal / pathology * Carcinoma, Embryonal / therapy * Child * Heparan Sulfate ... together with the Mitchell Ross symposium on anaplastic and other high risk embryonal tumors of childhood, 8-10th April 1999, ...
Carcinoma ex mixed tumor | definition of carcinoma ex mixed tumor by Medical dictionary
What is carcinoma ex mixed tumor? Meaning of carcinoma ex mixed tumor medical term. What does carcinoma ex mixed tumor mean? ... Looking for online definition of carcinoma ex mixed tumor in the Medical Dictionary? carcinoma ex mixed tumor explanation free ... Clear cell carcinoma, Collecting duct carcinoma, Colloid carcinoma, Ductal carcinoma in situ, Duct cell carcinoma, Embryonal ... In situ carcinoma, Intraductal carcinoma, Intramucosal carcinoma, Juvenile carcinoma, Krebs carcinoma, Large cell carcinoma, ...
Application of miRNAs in the diagnosis and monitoring of testicular germ cell tumours | Nature Reviews Urology
MicroRNA-302a sensitizes testicular embryonal carcinoma cells to cisplatin-induced cell death. J. Cell. Physiol. 228, 2294-2304 ... Heterogeneous subtype of testicular germ cell tumours that can be composed of embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumour ... Screening for carcinoma in situ in the contralateral testicle in patients with testicular cancer: a population-based study. Ann ... MicroRNA expression profiling of carcinoma in situ cells of the testis. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 19, 365-379 (2012). ...
Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I...
Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I ... Dive into the research topics of Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult ... Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I ... Lymphovascular invasion and presence of embryonal carcinoma as risk factors for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I ...
TumorsChoriocarcinomaTeratomaMalignantSeminomaTeratomasNeoplasmsRhabdomyosarcomaTumoursDifferentiationCellsSarcoma of the liverSituHepatocellular carcinomaMetastaticEpithelialYolk Sac CarcinomaPoorly differentiatedTumor with multilayered rosettesPathologyCellMedulloblastomaOvarian CarcinomaAdrenal carcinomaLungPapillaryEtiologyLesionsBladderMucinousPrognosisTesticular carcinoma
Tumors44
- Embryonal carcinoma is one of the most common germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
- [ 2 , 3 ] About 3-10% of pure germ cell tumors are embryonal carcinomas, and embryonal carcinomas are present in more than 80% of mixed germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
- As with other germ cell tumors, with the exception of spermatocytic seminoma , embryonal carcinomas are believed to originate from intratubular malignant germ cells. (medscape.com)
- [ 8 ] In the vast majority of cases, IGCNU occurs adjacent to invasive germ cell tumors, including embryonal carcinomas. (medscape.com)
- Embryonal carcinomas are aggressive germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
- Although serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) has been reported in association with embryonal carcinomas, most of those cases were probably misclassified as such and in truth represented mixed cases of embryonal carcinomas and yolk sac tumors . (medscape.com)
- A panel of circulating microRNAs from these clusters (miR-371a-3p, miR-372-3p, miR-373-3p, and miR-367-3p) is highly sensitive and specific for diagnosing malignant germ cell tumors, including embryonal carcinoma and seminoma. (medscape.com)
- Further, poor fixation or thick sections distorting the typical cytologic features can make it difficult to distinguish between seminoma and non-seminomatous components of germ cell tumors such as embryonal carcinoma (EC) or yolk sac tumor (YST). (cap.org)
- Ovarian embryonal carcinomas, non-gestational choriocarcinomas and malignant mixed germ cell tumors are rare malignant germ cell tumors. (isuog.org)
- These tumors occur in younger women, with almost 30% of patients younger than 40 years, and are often diagnosed at an earlier stage than invasive carcinomas. (isuog.org)
- Cytokeratin 7 in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Junctional Biomarker for Human Papillomavirus-Related Tumors. (tcd.ie)
- Childhood CNS embryonal tumors form in brain and spinal cord cells when the fetus is beginning to develop. (onlymyhealth.com)
- Overexpression of SOX2 is found in testicular germ cell tumors, teratomas, astrocytic tumors, melanomas, various squamous cell carcinomas, and breast cancers with a basal cell phenotype. (sakuraus.com)
- According to the present World Health Organization (WHO) classification of the lung, neuroendocrine tumors are subdivided into four categories: (1) typical carcinoid, (2) atypical carcinoid, (3) small cell and (4) large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) [1]. (termedia.pl)
- Small cell carcinoma with foci of glandular or squamous differentiation seems to be restricted to tumors that arise from the renal pelvis, but not from renal parenchyma [8, 13]. (termedia.pl)
- Embryonal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) include a heterogeneous group of immature-appearing neoplasms that are highly cellular and mitotically active, thus having a superficial resemblance to the developing nervous system. (medscape.com)
- This article addresses neoplasms that are designated by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "other CNS embryonal tumors" and includes atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RTs) and some less common CNS embryonal tumors that can arise outside of the cerebellum. (medscape.com)
- The histologic spectrum of AT/RT overlaps significantly with other forms of CNS neoplasia, including medulloblastomas, germ cell tumors, sarcomas, and choroid plexus carcinomas. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] It is important to distinguish AT/RT from other CNS embryonal tumors because of the relatively poor prognosis of AT/RT and because of the need for accurate stratification of patients for therapeutic protocols. (medscape.com)
- A rare group of embryonal CNS neoplasms that arise outside of the cerebellum and pineal gland were previously called "central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors" (CNS PNETs). (medscape.com)
- [ 11 ] as well as other CNS embryonal tumors without a defined molecular alterations. (medscape.com)
- An increased risk of about 10-15% for solid malignant tumors (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma in early childhood and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in adolescence) is reported. (orpha.net)
- Among the types of cancer that commonly develop in the testes are seminoma and various nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT), such as teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, and yolk sac tumor. (msdmanuals.com)
- OCT4 staining in testicular tumors: a sensitive and specific marker for seminoma and embryonal carcinoma. (qxmd.com)
- SALL4 is a novel sensitive and specific marker of ovarian primitive germ cell tumors and is particularly useful in distinguishing yolk sac tumor from clear cell carcinoma. (biocare.net)
- See Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Treatment for information on medulloblastoma and nonmedulloblastomas. (cancerhelpessentiahealth.org)
- LM can be divided into three different categories based on the origin of the primary tumor: 1) carcinoma or solid tumor, 2) hematological malignancy, such as leukemia or lymphoma, and 3) primary CNS tumors, notably medulloblastoma. (medscape.com)
- Medulloblastoma and other central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors may begin in embryonic (fetal) cells that remain in the brain after birth. (cancer.gov)
- There are different types of CNS embryonal tumors. (cancer.gov)
- Certain genetic conditions increase the risk of childhood medulloblastoma and other CNS embryonal tumors. (cancer.gov)
- Signs and symptoms of childhood medulloblastoma and other CNS embryonal tumors depend on the child's age and where the tumor is. (cancer.gov)
- Tests that examine the brain and spinal cord are used to diagnose childhood medulloblastoma and other CNS embryonal tumors. (cancer.gov)
- A biopsy may be done to be sure of the diagnosis of medulloblastoma and other CNS embryonal tumors. (cancer.gov)
- Most CNS embryonal tumors are medulloblastomas. (cancer.gov)
- Nonmedulloblastoma embryonal tumors are fast-growing tumors that usually form in brain cells in the cerebrum. (cancer.gov)
- Nonmedulloblastoma embryonal tumors may also form in the brain stem or spinal cord. (cancer.gov)
- Embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) are rare tumors that form in the brain and spinal cord. (cancer.gov)
- Central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified (NOS) was previously called primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET). (cancer.gov)
- Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a disorder characterized by prenatal and/or postnatal overgrowth, neonatal hypoglycemia, congenital malformations, and an increased risk for embryonal tumors. (parkview.com)
- Non-seminoma: There are four main sub-types of non-seminoma tumors: embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, and teratoma. (rockypointrx.com)
- The CD30 antigen is also expressed in some hematopoietic neoplasms such as embryonal carcinomas and rarely in poorly differentiated tumors of epithelial origin or melanin. (anacrom.com)
- The first operational aircraft, christened Spirit of Missouri, was delivered to Whiteman Air Force BaseMissouriwhere the fleet is based, on 17 December These unusual tumors, which include teratomas, embryonal carcinomas, and teratocarcinomas, develop from the germ cells in the testes or ovaries. (hazemagmaroc.com)
- The study population will be high-risk patients (non-Wnt and non-Shh sub-groups) with medulloblastoma, and for all patients with central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors completing "Head Start 4" Induction. (centerwatch.com)
- Changes in hESCs at the genomic level, such as gains of chromosomes 12, 17, and X, resemble germ cell tumors [4,5,10] providing a malignancy model of embryonic carcinoma development [5]. (cylch.org)
Choriocarcinoma5
- chorionic carcinoma choriocarcinoma . (thefreedictionary.com)
- We identified 34 yolk sac tumours, eight embryonal carcinomas, one choriocarcinoma, and one dysgerminoma by histology analysis. (lemmo.com)
- Rates of embryonal carcinoma [-40%] and choriocarcinoma [-22%] also declined, suggesting that the code for MGCT is now being used for any mixed histology. (qxmd.com)
- The declines in incidence of teratoma (excluding MGCT), embryonal carcinoma and choriocarcinoma in the US data since 1988 are likely in part because of increases in classifying any TGCT with mixed histology as MGCT. (qxmd.com)
- Here is some relevant information: My son Tim (age 30) was diagnosed on 6/11/22, right O/I 6/23/22, non-seminoma, 80% embryonal carcinoma, 19% yolk sac, 1% choriocarcinoma AFP 365 (6/11), 113 (7/3, after. (testicularcancersociety.org)
Teratoma4
- Components consisted of 60% teratoma, 30% yolk sac tumor, and 10% embryonal carcinoma. (cancernetwork.com)
- Essentially, any admixture of the germ cell tumours as seen in pure form may be seen, one of the most common admixtures being embryonal carcinoma and teratoma. (who.int)
- Apart from seminoma, embryonal carcinoma (12%), teratoma (3%) and lymphoma (3%) were observed in the descending order of frequency. (jcytol.org)
- When both teratoma and embryonal carcinoma are present, the name teratocarci-noma is used. (brainkart.com)
Malignant13
- Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are the stem cells of teratocarcinomas, and the malignant counterparts of embryonic stem (ES) cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage embryos, whether human or mouse. (portlandpress.com)
- The NTERA-2 cl.D1 cell line was established from the parental NTERA-2 cell line after a xenograft of a 22-year-old Caucasian male with malignant pluripotent embryonic carcinoma of the testis. (altogen.com)
- Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is one of the rarest gynecological malignancies, accounting for 0.18% to 1.6% of all malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive tract, and typically presents in the 5th and the 6th decades of life. (isuog.org)
- This is a multicenter, Phase 1/2, First-In-Human study to assess the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of EO2401 in Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma, or Malignant Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- EO2401 is an innovative cancer peptide therapeutic vaccine based on the homologies between Tumor Associated Antigens and microbiome-derived peptides that will be administered in combination with nivolumab to generate preliminary safety and efficacy data in patients with Metastatic Adrenocortical Carcinoma, or Malignant Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Three to 12 evaluable patients with adrenal carcinoma or progressive malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma will be included depending on the safety profile of the administered treatments. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- giant cell carcinoma a poorly differentiated, highly malignant, epithelial neoplasm containing many large multinucleated tumor cells, such as occurs in the lungs. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Hürthle cell carcinoma a malignant Hürthle cell tumor . (thefreedictionary.com)
- These classifications stayed there for quite a long while and people tried to explain how these different types of differentiation can occur and it was obvious that there must be a primitive germ cell or a totipotential embryonal cell which can go into the different directions and somehow they merge to these mixed malignant germ cell tumours. (ecancer.org)
- These changes parallel similar genomic amplifications in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, a cancer counterpart of ES cells, which highlights the potential link of culture adaptation in ES cells to the development of a malignant phenotype. (ukri.org)
- Through theoretical and hands-on practical skills training you'll explore this fast moving field, covering techniques such as how to grow and culture human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) and their malignant equivalent, embryonal carcinoma cells. (findamasters.com)
- Trials with EPCAM status in the inclusion eligibility criteria most commonly target malignant solid tumor, central nervous system neoplasm, colorectal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and lymphoma [ 4 ]. (mycancergenome.org)
- Furthermore, we tested whether Compact disc200 was involved with EMT and invasiveness in NTERA-2 cells produced from a malignant embryonal carcinoma and endogenously overexpressing Compact disc200. (scienceonstageturkey.com)
Seminoma3
- All cases of embryonal carcinoma and pure seminoma were negative for both NKX3.1 and P501S. (lww.com)
- D2-40 immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of seminoma and embryonal carcinoma: a comparative immunohistochemical study with KIT (CD117) and CD30. (qxmd.com)
- Differential diagnosis of testicular lymphoma is made with seminoma of classic or spermatocytic type, embryonal carcinoma, viral and granulomatous orchitis. (allresearchjournal.com)
Teratomas2
- Non-seminomas (such as teratomas, embryonal carcinomas and choriocarcinomas) are often made up of more than one cell type and tend to grow more quickly and spread. (beatcancer.org)
- Seminomas and non-seminomas [embryonal carcinomas, yolk sac tumours, teratomas, choriocarcinomas, mixed germ-cell tumours (MGCT)] are the major histological types of testicular germ-cell tumours (TGCT). (qxmd.com)
Neoplasms1
- Thymomas and thymic carcinomas (TCs) are neoplasms of thymic epithelial cells. (molbiol.net)
Rhabdomyosarcoma3
- and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. (mcidiagnostics.com)
- The predisposition for tumor development is associated with specific tumor types such as adrenal carcinoma, nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor), hepatoblastoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. (parkview.com)
- Coolbeth was diagnosed with a form of uterine cancer very rare in adults called Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma. (insideinvestigator.org)
Tumours1
- Almost half of childhood cancers are cancers of blood cells (leukaemia and lymphoma), and the most frequent other malignancies are tumours of the central nervous system and tumours that develop from embryonal tissues. (who.int)
Differentiation6
- TERA2.cl.SP12 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are a robust caricature of human embryogenesis and an accepted model of neural differentiation. (dur.ac.uk)
- Embryonal carcinomas have proven to be invaluable models for studying the mechanisms that control differentiation of cells during embryogenesis in vitro . (altogen.com)
- basal cell carcinoma the most common form of skin cancer, consisting of an epithelial tumor of the skin originating from neoplastic differentiation of basal cells , rarely metastatic but locally invasive and aggressive. (thefreedictionary.com)
- MyD88 is an essential component of retinoic acid induced differentiation in human pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells. (tcd.ie)
- In the current work, differentiation of an embryonal carcinoma cell line, NT2, was ind. (diagenode.com)
- Switched alternative splicing of oncogene CoAA during embryonal carcinoma stem cell differentiation. (openrepository.com)
Cells25
- Embryonal carcinoma is a germ cell tumor characterized by primitive epithelial cells with marked pleomorphism and various histologic patterns. (medscape.com)
- Association of embryonal carcinomas with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells may cause increases in serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels. (medscape.com)
- Previous work has concluded that murine embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, the oncogenic stem cells of teratocarcinomas, do not express class‐I, H‐2K or D/L gene encoded products. (elsevier.com)
- Understanding the network of transcription factors, controlling pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and human embryonal cancer cells (ECs), is essential for possible future therapies in medicine. (fu-berlin.de)
- Decoding the dynamic H3K9cr landscapes during neural commitment of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells. (amedeo.com)
- adenocystic carcinoma ( adenoid cystic carcinoma ) carcinoma marked by cylinders or bands of hyaline or mucinous stroma separated or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells, occurring in the mammary and salivary glands, and mucous glands of the respiratory tract. (thefreedictionary.com)
- bronchioalveolar carcinoma ( bronchiolar carcinoma ) ( bronchioloalveolar carcinoma ) ( bronchoalveolar carcinoma ) a variant type of adenocarcinoma of the lung , with columnar to cuboidal epithelial cells lining the alveolar septa and projecting into alveolar spaces in branching papillary formations. (thefreedictionary.com)
- cholangiocellular carcinoma a rare type of hepatocellular carcinoma arising from the cholangioles , consisting of two layers of cells surrounding a minute lumen. (thefreedictionary.com)
- cylindrical cell carcinoma carcinoma in which the cells are cylindrical or nearly so. (thefreedictionary.com)
- hepatocellular carcinoma primary carcinoma of the liver cells with hepatomegaly, jaundice, hemoperitoneum, and other symptoms of the presence of an abdominal mass. (thefreedictionary.com)
- large cell carcinoma a type of bronchogenic carcinoma of undifferentiated (anaplastic) cells of large size, a variety of squamous cell carcinoma that has undergone further dedifferentiation. (thefreedictionary.com)
- To explain the origin of occult carcinoma in situ cells, 2 models have been proposed. (medscape.com)
- In vitro experiments are performed using primary rat embryo cell cultures for CNS and limb tissues, and embryonal carcinoma cells to investigate mechanisms of developmental toxicity of these agents. (iths.org)
- He did his postdoctoral work in the laboratory of Gordon M. Tomkins at the University of California, San Francisco working with embryonal carcinoma stem cells. (clu-in.org)
- Studies have demonstrated that over 90% of tumor cells in intratubular germ-cell neoplasias and embryonal carcinomas show strong SALL4 staining. (biocare.net)
- Using mass spectrometry, kynurenine levels has been reported to be significantly increased (by 27 Bromocriptin mesylate folds) in primed human embryonic cells in comparison to embryonal carcinoma cells [39]. (sc-scied.org)
- Embryonal" means that the cancer probably grew from cells early in a fetus' development that didn't change (differentiate) into liver cells properly. (teenshealth.org)
- Silent infection of murine embryonal carcinoma cells by Moloney murine leukemia virus. (wikidata.org)
- Post-transcriptional regulation of a murine homeobox gene transcript in F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. (mpg.de)
- The dose-dependent α-fetoprotein (AFP) reactivity of different types of tumor cells and normal embryonal fibroblasts, which are capable of taking up AFP, was investigated. (scite.ai)
- Human mammary carcinoma MCF-7 cells also revealed a growth inhibitory response to AFP, although to a lesser extent. (scite.ai)
- In non-lymphoid tissues CD30 can be detected in embryonal carcinomas, seminomas, mesotheliomas and in decidua cells (Dürkop et al . (anacrom.com)
- EMT after Compact disc200 Overexpression in MEER Cells As Compact disc200 plays a crucial role in immune system cells, so that as cancers cell metastasis consists of the function of many immune system cells, we additional investigated the function(s) of Compact disc200 during EMT of MEER cells set up being a murine HPV+ tonsil carcinoma model [15]. (scienceonstageturkey.com)
- Tretinoin stimulated erythropoietin gene transcription in embryonal carcinoma cells via the direct repeat of a steroid/thyroid hormone receptor response component half website inside the hypoxia response enhancer component. (topoisomerasesignaling.com)
- results on carcinoma cells had been additive in normoxia and in hypoxia. (kw-6002.info)
Sarcoma of the liver6
- Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL) is a rare kind of liver cancer that happens mostly in children. (connecticutchildrens.org)
- What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver (UESL)? (teenshealth.org)
- Who Gets Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver (UESL)? (teenshealth.org)
- Most children who get undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver are 6 to 10 years old. (teenshealth.org)
- How Is Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver (UESL) Diagnosed? (teenshealth.org)
- How Is Undifferentiated Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver (UESL) Treated? (teenshealth.org)
Situ4
- Germ cell cancer may start as another form called carcinoma in situ or intratubular germ cell neoplasia. (webmd.com)
- [ 3 ] This abnormality is found in occult carcinoma in situ lesions as well as more advanced disease. (medscape.com)
- Carcinoma in situ (CIS) also called intratubular germ cell neoplasia: The presence of carcinoma in situ in the testicle increases the risk for testicular cancer. (testicularcancersociety.org)
- In June of the previous year, Coolbeth had been diagnosed with Lobular Carcinoma in situ, a breast condition linked to an increased risk of invasive breast cancer. (insideinvestigator.org)
Hepatocellular carcinoma4
- Differential diagnosis included hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and embryonal sarcoma. (pediatriceducation.org)
- In older children hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common. (pediatriceducation.org)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of liver cancer. (connecticutchildrens.org)
- EPCAM is altered in 0.68% of hepatocellular carcinoma patients [ 3 ]. (mycancergenome.org)
Metastatic5
- OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature on the prognostic value of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and embryonal carcinoma (EC) for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumour (CS I NSGCT). (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
- abstract = "OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature on the prognostic value of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and embryonal carcinoma (EC) for occult metastatic disease in clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumour (CS I NSGCT).MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed, Embase (OVID) and SCOPUS databases were searched up to March 2019. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
- We present a rare case of mixed germ cell tumour with predominant embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumour in adolescent patient with multiple metastatic foci at the time of presentation. (who.int)
- CT directed biopsy of the most prominent pulmonary nodule indicated embryonal cell carcinoma, compatible with metastatic testicular carcinoma. (academicresearchbureau.com)
- In bone, the small cell variant of osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, metastatic small cell carcinoma, and lymphoma are among the most common possibilities. (cytopathology.org)
Epithelial2
- Primary lesions include epithelial ovarian carcinoma (70% of all ovarian malignancies). (medscape.com)
- Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) is a gene that encodes a protein that functions as a carcinoma-associated antigen. (mycancergenome.org)
Yolk Sac Carcinoma1
- Yolk sac carcinoma. (webmd.com)
Poorly differentiated1
- The fusion genes RCC1-HENMT1 and RCC1-ABHD12B were highly expressed in testicular cancers with poorly differentiated histological subtypes (seminomas and embryonal carcinomas). (ous-research.no)
Tumor with multilayered rosettes1
- An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) is shown on histology. (medscape.com)
Pathology2
- Anatomic pathology reported a diagnosis of embryonal cell sarcoma with tumor free surgical margins and negative abdominal lymph node biopsies. (pediatriceducation.org)
- Pathology was compatible with embryonal cell carcinoma. (academicresearchbureau.com)
Cell17
- Embryonal carcinoma is a relatively uncommon type of germ cell tumour that occurs in the ovaries and testes. (wikipedia.org)
- adenocarcinoma of the lung , large cell carcinoma , small cell carcinoma , and squamous cell carcinoma . (thefreedictionary.com)
- 2. renal cell carcinoma . (thefreedictionary.com)
- epidermoid carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma . (thefreedictionary.com)
- It was established from a human cervical carcinoma cell line in 1951 by Gey and his colleagues and it played an important role in the production of polio antigens. (rsc.org)
- Small cell carcinoma (SmCC) predominantly occurs in the lung, but may arise in a wide variety of organs. (termedia.pl)
- Cavallo F, Caggiano C, Jasin M, Barchi M. Assessing Homologous Recombination and Interstrand Cross-Link Repair in Embryonal Carcinoma Testicular Germ Cell Tumor Cell Lines. (sloankettering.edu)
- Cytotoxic plant lectins have been used for the single-step selection of mouse embryonal carcinoma cell mutants with altered expression of surface glycoconjugates. (elsevier.com)
- A growth-stimulative activity in normal embryonal fibroblasts and certain tumor cell lines exhibited by low AFP concentrations is supposed to result from the synergistic effects of AFP and various other secreted growth factors. (scite.ai)
- The most common pathological classification is the squamous cell carcinoma. (indianjcancer.com)
- To go after this notion we looked into whether SexHs are likely involved in regulating the biology from the murine embryonic ES-D3 cell range aswell as the murine P19 teratocarcinoma cell range and the individual embryonal carcinoma NTera2 cell range. (nationalbonehealthalliance.org)
- Advantages: The lower cheek flap is elevated in embryonal cell carcinoma of the inferior orbital fissure that connects the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the. (berea.edu)
- Open in another window Open up in another window Body 1 Compact disc200 was upregulated in mind and throat squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) sufferers and induced EMT. (scienceonstageturkey.com)
- Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare and highly aggressive tumor. (iiarjournals.org)
- This study was undertaken to investigate p53 expression in a large series of small cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder and to correlate the findings with clinicopathologic parameters and clinical outcome. (iiarjournals.org)
- Our data indicate that p53 is frequently expressed in small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. (iiarjournals.org)
- In order to describe these controversial outcomes we examined TH588 in two different carcinoma cell lines. (kw-6002.info)
Medulloblastoma1
- The most common CNS embryonal tumor is the medulloblastoma , which is discussed in a separate article. (medscape.com)
Ovarian Carcinoma1
- EPCAM is altered in 0.79% of ovarian carcinoma patients [ 3 ]. (mycancergenome.org)
Adrenal carcinoma1
- Cohorts 2A (previously treated patients) and 2B (previously untreated patients): evaluation of EO2401 at the recommended dose found in Cohort 1 in combination with nivolumab in 30 evaluable patients (15 each for Cohorts 2A and 2B) with adrenal carcinoma. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Lung4
- bronchogenic carcinoma any of a large group of carcinomas of the lung, so called because they arise from the epithelium of the bronchial tree. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Methotrexate is a component of combination regimens used to treat non-Hodgkin and Burkitt lymphomas and breast, lung, bladder, cervical, gastric, and ovarian carcinomas. (mcidiagnostics.com)
- Carcinomas, which are the predominant type in adults (breast, lung, or stomach cancer), are extremely rare in children. (who.int)
- EPCAM is altered in 0.59% of all cancers with lung adenocarcinoma, prostate adenocarcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, breast invasive ductal carcinoma, and high grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma having the greatest prevalence of alterations [ 3 ]. (mycancergenome.org)
Papillary1
- An enlarged ovary with a papillary serous carcinoma on the surface. (medscape.com)
Etiology1
- The etiology of fallopian tube carcinoma is unknown. (isuog.org)
Lesions1
- All patients with tumor lesions underwent a complete resection in en bloc or piecemeal resection. (indianjcancer.com)
Bladder3
- EPCAM is altered in 0.89% of bladder carcinoma patients [ 3 ]. (mycancergenome.org)
- EPCAM is an inclusion criterion in 1 clinical trial for bladder carcinoma, of which 1 is open and 0 are closed. (mycancergenome.org)
- Of the trial that contains EPCAM status and bladder carcinoma as inclusion criteria, 1 is phase 2 (1 open) [ 4 ]. (mycancergenome.org)
Mucinous1
- colloid carcinoma mucinous carcinoma . (thefreedictionary.com)
Prognosis1
- Most are embryonal with a favorable prognosis with alveolar having a worse outcome. (jhu.edu)
Testicular carcinoma1
- 4. Is this young man's age typical for the development of testicular carcinoma? (academicresearchbureau.com)