Carcinoma. Medical search

A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed)

A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.

A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane.

A malignant neoplasm characterized by the formation of numerous, irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma that is covered with a surface layer of neoplastic epithelial cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

An invasive (infiltrating) CARCINOMA of the mammary ductal system (MAMMARY GLANDS) in the human BREAST.

A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

A malignant neoplasm derived from TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL CELLS, occurring chiefly in the URINARY BLADDER; URETERS; or RENAL PELVIS.

Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.

A noninvasive (noninfiltrating) carcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells confined to the mammary ducts or lobules, without light-microscopy evidence of invasion through the basement membrane into the surrounding stroma.

Carcinoma characterized by bands or cylinders of hyalinized or mucinous stroma separating or surrounded by nests or cords of small epithelial cells. When the cylinders occur within masses of epithelial cells, they give the tissue a perforated, sievelike, or cribriform appearance. Such tumors occur in the mammary glands, the mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract, and the salivary glands. They are malignant but slow-growing, and tend to spread locally via the nerves. (Dorland, 27th ed)

An anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm. It is characterized by a dominant, deeply basophilic nucleus, and absent or indistinct nucleoli. (From Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1286-7)

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

A infiltrating (invasive) breast cancer, relatively uncommon, accounting for only 5%-10% of breast tumors in most series. It is often an area of ill-defined thickening in the breast, in contrast to the dominant lump characteristic of ductal carcinoma. It is typically composed of small cells in a linear arrangement with a tendency to grow around ducts and lobules. There is likelihood of axillary nodal involvement with metastasis to meningeal and serosal surfaces. (DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1205)

A group of carcinomas which share a characteristic morphology, often being composed of clusters and trabecular sheets of round "blue cells", granular chromatin, and an attenuated rim of poorly demarcated cytoplasm. Neuroendocrine tumors include carcinoids, small ("oat") cell carcinomas, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, Merkel cell tumor, cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, and pheochromocytoma. Neurosecretory granules are found within the tumor cells. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.

Tumors or cancer of the NASOPHARYNX.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.

A tumor of both low- and high-grade malignancy. The low-grade grow slowly, appear in any age group, and are readily cured by excision. The high-grade behave aggressively, widely infiltrate the salivary gland and produce lymph node and distant metastases. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas account for about 21% of the malignant tumors of the parotid gland and 10% of the sublingual gland. They are the most common malignant tumor of the parotid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p575; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1240)

A mixed adenocarcinoma and squamous cell or epidermoid carcinoma.

An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells resembling the glandular cells of the ENDOMETRIUM. It is a common histological type of ovarian CARCINOMA and ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA. There is a high frequency of co-occurrence of this form of adenocarcinoma in both tissues.

Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651)

A highly malignant, primitive form of carcinoma, probably of germinal cell or teratomatous derivation, usually arising in a gonad and rarely in other sites. It is rare in the female ovary, but in the male it accounts for 20% of all testicular tumors. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1595)

Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.

Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.

A carcinoma arising from MERKEL CELLS located in the basal layer of the epidermis and occurring most commonly as a primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. Merkel cells are tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin and histologically show neurosecretory granules. The skin of the head and neck are a common site of Merkel cell carcinoma, occurring generally in elderly patients. (Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1245)

Malignant neoplasms involving the ductal systems of any of a number of organs, such as the MAMMARY GLANDS, the PANCREAS, the PROSTATE, or the LACRIMAL GLAND.

Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the lymphatic system.

Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.

A malignant neoplasm of the ADRENAL CORTEX. Adrenocortical carcinomas are unencapsulated anaplastic (ANAPLASIA) masses sometimes exceeding 20 cm or 200 g. They are more likely to be functional than nonfunctional, and produce ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES that may result in hypercortisolism (CUSHING SYNDROME); HYPERALDOSTERONISM; and/or VIRILISM.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON.

A variant of well-differentiated epidermoid carcinoma that is most common in the oral cavity, but also occurs in the larynx, nasal cavity, esophagus, penis, anorectal region, vulva, vagina, uterine cervix, and skin, especially on the sole of the foot. Most intraoral cases occur in elderly male abusers of smokeless tobacco. The treatment is surgical resection. Radiotherapy is not indicated, as up to 30% treated with radiation become highly aggressive within six months. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in which the nucleus is pressed to one side by a cytoplasmic droplet of mucus. It usually arises in the gastrointestinal system.

The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.

Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.

Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.

Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.

The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site.

Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.

A tumor of undifferentiated (anaplastic) cells of large size. It is usually bronchogenic. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

DNA present in neoplastic tissue.

Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.

Two or more abnormal growths of tissue occurring simultaneously and presumed to be of separate origin. The neoplasms may be histologically the same or different, and may be found in the same or different sites.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

An adenocarcinoma of the thyroid gland, in which the cells are arranged in the form of follicles. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

An adenocarcinoma producing mucin in significant amounts. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

The malignant stem cells of TERATOCARCINOMAS, which resemble pluripotent stem cells of the BLASTOCYST INNER CELL MASS. The EC cells can be grown in vitro, and experimentally induced to differentiate. They are used as a model system for studying early embryonic cell differentiation.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Pathological processes that tend eventually to become malignant. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

A thyroid neoplasm of mixed papillary and follicular arrangement. Its biological behavior and prognosis is the same as that of a papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1271)

Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.

A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.

Nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the p53 gene (GENES, P53) whose normal function is to control CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. A mutant or absent p53 protein has been found in LEUKEMIA; OSTEOSARCOMA; LUNG CANCER; and COLORECTAL CANCER.

Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.

An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of varying combinations of clear and hobnail-shaped tumor cells. There are three predominant patterns described as tubulocystic, solid, and papillary. These tumors, usually located in the female reproductive organs, have been seen more frequently in young women since 1970 as a result of the association with intrauterine exposure to diethylstilbestrol. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed)

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

The first alpha-globulins to appear in mammalian sera during FETAL DEVELOPMENT and the dominant serum proteins in early embryonic life.

Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).

A malignant cystic or semicystic neoplasm. It often occurs in the ovary and usually bilaterally. The external surface is usually covered with papillary excrescences. Microscopically, the papillary patterns are predominantly epithelial overgrowths with differentiated and undifferentiated papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma cells. Psammoma bodies may be present. The tumor generally adheres to surrounding structures and produces ascites. (From Hughes, Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology, 1972, p185)

A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy.

The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.

Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

Tumors or cancer of the SALIVARY GLANDS.

The simultaneous analysis of multiple samples of TISSUES or CELLS from BIOPSY or in vitro culture that have been arranged in an array format on slides or microchips.

Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.

A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.

An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

RNA present in neoplastic tissue.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.

Transplantation between animals of different species.

Removal and pathologic examination of specimens in the form of small pieces of tissue from the living body.

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

A CELL CYCLE and tumor growth marker which can be readily detected using IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY methods. Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen present only in the nuclei of cycling cells.

Tumor suppressor genes located on the short arm of human chromosome 17 and coding for the phosphoprotein p53.

An adenocarcinoma containing finger-like processes of vascular connective tissue covered by neoplastic epithelium, projecting into cysts or the cavity of glands or follicles. It occurs most frequently in the ovary and thyroid gland. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Administration of antineoplastic agents together with an embolizing vehicle. This allows slow release of the agent as well as obstruction of the blood supply to the neoplasm.

Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The loss of one allele at a specific locus, caused by a deletion mutation; or loss of a chromosome from a chromosome pair, resulting in abnormal HEMIZYGOSITY. It is detected when heterozygous markers for a locus appear monomorphic because one of the ALLELES was deleted.

Experimentally induced mammary neoplasms in animals to provide a model for studying human BREAST NEOPLASMS.

A nonparametric method of compiling LIFE TABLES or survival tables. It combines calculated probabilities of survival and estimates to allow for observations occurring beyond a measurement threshold, which are assumed to occur randomly. Time intervals are defined as ending each time an event occurs and are therefore unequal. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1995)

A pathologic process consisting of the proliferation of blood vessels in abnormal tissues or in abnormal positions.

A skin carcinoma that histologically exhibits both basal and squamous elements. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in a variety of ADENOCARCINOMAS. It has extensive homology to and heterodimerizes with the EGF RECEPTOR, the ERBB-3 RECEPTOR, and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. Activation of the erbB-2 receptor occurs through heterodimer formation with a ligand-bound erbB receptor family member.

Surgical removal of the thyroid gland. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A glycoprotein that is secreted into the luminal surface of the epithelia in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the feces and pancreaticobiliary secretions and is used to monitor the response to colon cancer treatment.

The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially in the drug therapy of neoplasms. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.

Genes that inhibit expression of the tumorigenic phenotype. They are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. When tumor suppressor genes are inactivated or lost, a barrier to normal proliferation is removed and unregulated growth is possible.

Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms.

In humans, one of the paired regions in the anterior portion of the THORAX. The breasts consist of the MAMMARY GLANDS, the SKIN, the MUSCLES, the ADIPOSE TISSUE, and the CONNECTIVE TISSUES.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They are important in the formation of ADHERENS JUNCTIONS between cells. Cadherins are classified by their distinct immunological and tissue specificities, either by letters (E- for epithelial, N- for neural, and P- for placental cadherins) or by numbers (cadherin-12 or N-cadherin 2 for brain-cadherin). Cadherins promote cell adhesion via a homophilic mechanism as in the construction of tissues and of the whole animal body.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A family of small, non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting birds and most mammals, especially humans. They are grouped into multiple genera, but the viruses are highly host-species specific and tissue-restricted. They are commonly divided into hundreds of papillomavirus "types", each with specific gene function and gene control regions, despite sequence homology. Human papillomaviruses are found in the genera ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; BETAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; GAMMAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; and MUPAPILLOMAVIRUS.

Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.

A carcinoma thought to be derived from epithelium of terminal bronchioles, in which the neoplastic tissue extends along the alveolar walls and grows in small masses within the alveoli. Involvement may be uniformly diffuse and massive, or nodular, or lobular. The neoplastic cells are cuboidal or columnar and form papillary structures. Mucin may be demonstrated in some of the cells and in the material in the alveoli, which also includes denuded cells. Metastases in regional lymph nodes, and in even more distant sites, are known to occur, but are infrequent. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Proteins that are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. Deficiencies or abnormalities in these proteins may lead to unregulated cell growth and tumor development.

Experimentally induced tumors of the LIVER.

Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS.

Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.

Tumors or cancers of the ADRENAL CORTEX.

The epithelial lining of the URINARY TRACT.

Tumors or cancer of the VULVA.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX.

A cell surface receptor involved in regulation of cell growth and differentiation. It is specific for EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR and EGF-related peptides including TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA; AMPHIREGULIN; and HEPARIN-BINDING EGF-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR. The binding of ligand to the receptor causes activation of its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and rapid internalization of the receptor-ligand complex into the cell.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

The total amount (cell number, weight, size or volume) of tumor cells or tissue in the body.

A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.

A negative regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.

Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estrogens and migrate to the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. Evaluation of the state of estrogen receptors in breast cancer patients has become clinically important.

Compounds that include the amino-N-phenylamide structure.

In vivo methods of screening investigative anticancer drugs, biologic response modifiers or radiotherapies. Human tumor tissue or cells are transplanted into mice or rats followed by tumor treatment regimens. A variety of outcomes are monitored to assess antitumor effectiveness.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the level of CELL DIFFERENTIATION in neoplasms as increasing ANAPLASIA correlates with the aggressiveness of the neoplasm.

Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.

An epithelial neoplasm characterized by unusually large anaplastic cells. It is highly malignant with fulminant clinical course, bizarre histologic appearance and poor prognosis. It is most common in the lung and thyroid. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

Tumors or cancer of the URINARY TRACT in either the male or the female.

An important compound functioning as a component of the coenzyme NAD. Its primary significance is in the prevention and/or cure of blacktongue and PELLAGRA. Most animals cannot manufacture this compound in amounts sufficient to prevent nutritional deficiency and it therefore must be supplemented through dietary intake.

A selective increase in the number of copies of a gene coding for a specific protein without a proportional increase in other genes. It occurs naturally via the excision of a copy of the repeating sequence from the chromosome and its extrachromosomal replication in a plasmid, or via the production of an RNA transcript of the entire repeating sequence of ribosomal RNA followed by the reverse transcription of the molecule to produce an additional copy of the original DNA sequence. Laboratory techniques have been introduced for inducing disproportional replication by unequal crossing over, uptake of DNA from lysed cells, or generation of extrachromosomal sequences from rolling circle replication.

A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-19 in ductal epithelia and gastrointestinal epithelia.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A type of IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION in which target sequences are stained with fluorescent dye so their location and size can be determined using fluorescence microscopy. This staining is sufficiently distinct that the hybridization signal can be seen both in metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei.

Organic salts and esters of benzenesulfonic acid.

Cancer or tumors of the URETER which may cause obstruction leading to hydroureter, HYDRONEPHROSIS, and PYELONEPHRITIS. HEMATURIA is a common symptom.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.

Excision of all or part of the liver. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A positive regulatory effect on physiological processes at the molecular, cellular, or systemic level. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Excision of kidney.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

A usually benign glandular tumor composed of oxyphil cells, large cells with small irregular nuclei and dense acidophilic granules due to the presence of abundant MITOCHONDRIA. Oxyphil cells, also known as oncocytes, are found in oncocytomas of the kidney, salivary glands, and endocrine glands. In the thyroid gland, oxyphil cells are known as Hurthle cells and Askanazy cells.

A malignant neoplasm that contains elements of carcinoma and sarcoma so extensively intermixed as to indicate neoplasia of epithelial and mesenchymal tissue. (Stedman, 25th ed)

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).

An adenocarcinoma with a hard (Greek skirrhos, hard) structure owing to the formation of dense connective tissue in the stroma. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Tumors of cancer of the EYELIDS.

A specific pair of human chromosomes in group A (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 1-3) of the human chromosome classification.

Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.

Carbohydrate antigen elevated in patients with tumors of the breast, ovary, lung, and prostate as well as other disorders. The mucin is expressed normally by most glandular epithelia but shows particularly increased expression in the breast at lactation and in malignancy. It is thus an established serum marker for breast cancer.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

A technique that localizes specific nucleic acid sequences within intact chromosomes, eukaryotic cells, or bacterial cells through the use of specific nucleic acid-labeled probes.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642)

An adenocarcinoma in which the tumor elements are arranged as finger-like processes or as a solid spherical nodule projecting from an epithelial surface.

A dilation of the duodenal papilla that is the opening of the juncture of the COMMON BILE DUCT and the MAIN PANCREATIC DUCT, also known as the hepatopancreatic ampulla.

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

Neoplasms of the SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in tissue composed of squamous elements.

A malignant tumor of the skin appendages, which include the hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and the mammary glands. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Tumor or cancer of the COMMON BILE DUCT including the AMPULLA OF VATER and the SPHINCTER OF ODDI.

Tumors or cancer of the MAMMARY GLAND in animals (MAMMARY GLANDS, ANIMAL).

Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.

Variation in a population's DNA sequence that is detected by determining alterations in the conformation of denatured DNA fragments. Denatured DNA fragments are allowed to renature under conditions that prevent the formation of double-stranded DNA and allow secondary structure to form in single stranded fragments. These fragments are then run through polyacrylamide gels to detect variations in the secondary structure that is manifested as an alteration in migration through the gels.

Tumors or cancer of the PHARYNX.

Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.

Tumors or cancer of the HYPOPHARYNX.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

A human liver tumor cell line used to study a variety of liver-specific metabolic functions.

Immune responses to all ErbB family receptors detectable in serum of cancer patients. (1/8912)

Employing NIH3T3 transfectants with individual human ErbB receptor coding sequences as recombinant antigen sources, we detected by immunoblot analysis specific immunoreactivity against all four ErbB receptors among 13 of 41 sera obtained from patients with different types of epithelial malignancies. Overall, serum positivity was most frequently directed against ErbB2 followed by EGFR, ErbB3 and ErbB4. Specificity patterns comprised tumor patients with unique serum reactivity against ErbB2 or ErbB4. Moreover, approximately half of the positive sera exhibited concomitant reactivity with multiple ErbB receptors including EGFR and ErbB2, EGFR and ErbB4, ErbB2 and ErbB3 or EGFR, ErbB2 and ErbB3. Serum reactivity was confirmed for the respective ErbB receptors expressed by human tumor cells and corroborated on receptor-specific immunoprecipitates. Positive sera contained ErbB-specific antibodies of the IgG isotype. Representative immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues suggested overexpression of ErbB receptors for which serum antibodies were detectable in five of six patients. These findings implicate multiple ErbB receptors including ErbB3 and ErbB4 in addition to EGFR and ErbB2 in primary human cancer. Heterogeneity of natural ErbB-specific responses in cancer patients warrants their evaluation in light of immunotherapeutic approaches targeting these receptors. (+info)

Development of a sensitive, specific reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction-based assay for epithelial tumour cells in effusions. (2/8912)

We developed a sensitive and specific method for the detection of epithelial cancer cells in effusions with a two-stage molecular-based assay which combined enrichment for cancer cells by immunomagnetic bead selection and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of epithelial glycoprotein 2 (EGP-2) RNA. Preliminary experiments indicated that immunobead selection was essential to avoid occasional false-positive RT-PCR results, and this method detected ten breast cancer cells electively added to 10(7) cytologically negative effusion cells. We studied 110 cases of pleural (n = 68) and peritoneal (n = 42) effusions (30 from patients with known carcinoma and 80 from those without known carcinoma), and the results were compared with cytological findings. Of 18 effusions that were cytologically positive or suspicious for malignant cells, 17 (94%) were positive for EGP-2 RNA (the one negative sample was from a patient who recently received combination chemotherapy). Of 92 cytologically negative samples, 11 (12%) were positive for EGP-2, including six patients with a history of previous or current carcinoma. Our method appears to be highly specific and increases the sensitivity of detection of malignant cells; it may be a useful adjunct to routine cytopathological examination. (+info)

Genomic structure and alterations of homeobox gene CDX2 in colorectal carcinomas. (3/8912)

Expression of CDX2, a caudal-related homeobox gene, was found to be decreased in colorectal carcinomas. Heterozygous null mutant mice as to Cdx2 develop multiple intestinal adenomatous polyps. To clarify the role of CDX2 in colorectal carcinogenesis, we determined its genomic structure, and searched for mutations of CDX2 in 49 sporadic colorectal carcinomas and ten hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancers (HNPCC) without microsatellite instability. None of them exhibited a mutation. We further examined 19 HNPCC carcinomas with microsatellite instability for mutations in a (G)7 repeat site within CDX2. One of them (5.3%) exhibited one G insertion. Loss of heterozygosity was observed in 2 of the 20 (10%) informative sporadic carcinomas, and in one of the three (33.3%) informative HNPCC cancers. These data indicate that CDX2 may play only a minor role in colorectal carcinogenesis. (+info)

Analysis of TSG101 tumour susceptibility gene transcripts in cervical and endometrial cancers. (4/8912)

Carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a common malignancy among women that has been found to show loss of heterozygosity in the chromosome 11p. Recent studies have localized the TSG101 gene in this region, and also demonstrated a high frequency of abnormalities of this gene in human breast cancer. To determine the role of the TSG101 gene in the carcinogenesis of cervical and uterine carcinoma, 19 cases of cervical carcinoma and five cases of endometrial carcinoma, as well as nearby non-cancerous tissue from the same patients, and 16 blood samples from healthy persons as normal control were analysed by Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA, reverse transcription of the TSG101 mRNA followed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the products. We found that abnormal transcripts of the TSG101 gene were common both in cancerous or non-cancerous tissues of the uterus and cervix and in normal peripheral mononuclear cells. There was no genomic deletion or rearrangement in spite of the presence of abnormal transcripts, and no definite relationship between the abnormal transcripts and HPV infection was found. Although the frequency of abnormal transcripts was higher in cancerous than in non-cancerous tissue, normal peripheral mononuclear cells also had abnormal transcripts. Given these findings, the role of the TSG101 gene as a tumour-suppressor gene should be re-evaluated. Because some aberrant transcripts could be found at the first PCR reaction, we suggest that the aberrant transcripts might be the result of imperfect minor splicesome products. (+info)

Intensive weekly chemotherapy is not effective in advanced pancreatic cancer patients: a report from the Italian Group for the Study of Digestive Tract Cancer (GISCAD). (5/8912)

Twenty-two patients, with locally advanced unresectable and/or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma, received weekly administration of cisplatin 40 mg m(-2), 5-fluorouracil 500 mg m(-2), epidoxorubicin 35 mg m(-2), 6S stereoisomer of leucovorin 250 mg m(-2) and glutathione 1.5 mg m(-2), supported by a daily administration of lenograstim at a dose of 5 microg kg(-1). Nineteen patients were men and three were women. Median age was 63 years (range 47-70). At study entry, pain was present in 15 out of 22 patients (68%) with a mean value of Scott-Huskisson scale of 27.6+/-23.8, whereas a weight loss >10% was present in 15 patients. After eight weekly treatments, three partial responses were achieved for a response rate of 13% (95% CI 0-26%), five patients had stable disease and 14 progressed on therapy. Pain was present in 9 out of 22 patients (40%) with a mean value of Scott-Huskisson scale of 12.3+/-18.4. Eight patients (36%) (three partial response and five stable disease) had a positive weight change. Toxicity was mild: WHO grade III or IV toxicity was recorded in terms of anaemia in 7 out of 188 cycles (3.7%), of neutropenia in 9 out of 188 cycles (4.7%) and of thrombocytopenia in 3 out of 188 cycles (1.5%). Median survival of all patients was 6 months. The outcome of this intensive chemotherapy regimen does not support its use in pancreatic cancer. (+info)

Peritoneal cytology in the surgical evaluation of gastric carcinoma. (6/8912)

Many patients undergoing surgery for gastric carcinoma will develop peritoneal metastases. A method to identify those patients at risk of peritoneal recurrence would help in the selection of patients for adjuvant therapy. Peritoneal cytology has received little attention in the West, but may prove a useful additional means of evaluating patients with gastric cancer. The aims of this study were to evaluate sampling techniques for peritoneal cytology in patients with gastric cancer, to assess the prognostic significance of free peritoneal malignant cells and to discover the effect of the operative procedure on dissemination of malignant cells. The study is based on 85 consecutive patients undergoing surgical treatment of gastric cancer and followed up for 2 years or until death. Peritoneal cytology samples were collected at laparoscopy, and at operation prior to resection by intraperitoneal lavage and serosal brushings. After resection, samples were taken by peritoneal lavage, imprint cytology of the resected specimen and post-operatively by peritoneal irrigation via a percutaneous catheter. Malignant cells were diagnosed by two independent microscopists. Preoperative peritoneal lavage yielded malignant cells in 16 out of 85 cases (19%). The yield of free malignant cells was increased by using serosal brushings (by four cases) and imprint cytology (by two cases); all of the cases had evidence of serosal penetration. One serosa-negative case exhibited positive cytology in the post-resection peritoneal specimen in which the preresection cytology specimen was negative. Survival was worse in the cytology-positive group (chi2 = 25.1; P< 0.0001). Among serosa-positive patients, survival was significantly reduced if cytology was positive, if cases yielded by brushings and imprint cytology were included (log-rank test = 8.44; 1 df, P = 0.004). In conclusion, free peritoneal malignant cells can be identified in patients with gastric cancer who have a poor prognosis; the yield can be increased with brushings and imprint cytology in addition to conventional peritoneal lavage. Evaluation of peritoneal cytology by these methods may have a role in the selection of patients with the poorest prognosis who may benefit most from adjuvant therapy. (+info)

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH), malignancy grade and clonality in microdissected prostate cancer. (7/8912)

The aim of the present study was to find out whether increasing malignancy of prostate carcinoma correlates with an overall increase of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and whether LOH typing of microdissected tumour areas can help to distinguish between multifocal or clonal tumour development. In 47 carcinomas analysed at 25 chromosomal loci, the overall LOH rate was found to be significantly lower in grade 1 areas (2.2%) compared with grade 2 (9.4%) and grade 3 areas (8.3%, P = 0.007). A similar tendency was found for the mean fractional allele loss (FAL, 0.043 for grade 1, 0.2 for grade 2 and 0.23 for grade 3, P = 0.0004). Of 20 tumours (65%) with LOH in several microdissected areas, 13 had identical losses at 1-4 loci within two or three areas, suggesting clonal development of these areas. Markers near RB, DCC, BBC1, TP53 and at D13S325 (13q21-22) showed higher loss rates in grades 2 and 3 (between 25% and 44.4%) compared with grade 1 (0-6.6%). Tumour-suppressor genes (TSGs) near these loci might, thus, be important for tumour progression. TP53 mutations were detected in 27%, but BBC1 mutations in only 7%, of samples with LOH. Evaluation of all 25 loci in every tumour made evident that each prostate cancer has its own pattern of allelic losses. (+info)

Expression of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase mRNA plays an important role in the prognosis of patients with oesophageal cancer. (8/8912)

To clarify the significance of the expression of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNPase) mRNA as a predictive factor for the prognosis of patients with oesophageal carcinoma, the PyNPase mRNA in the tumours and normal tissues from 55 resected cases of oesophageal carcinoma was examined by a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). As a result, a positive correlation was observed between the tumour/normal (T/N) ratio of the expression of PyNPase mRNA by RT-PCR and that of the enzyme activity of PyNPase based on the findings of an enzyme linked immunosolvent assay (r = 0.594, P = 0.009). The T/N ratio of the expression of PyNPase mRNA was significantly higher in the cases with lymph vessel invasion (P = 0.013), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0016), and an advanced stage of the disease (P = 0.021) than those without these factors. The patients with a higher T/N ratio of PyNPase mRNA showed significantly worse prognosis than those with a lower T/N ratio (P = 0.023 with log-rank tests). A multivariate analysis for the cumulative survival rates revealed that a high T/N ratio of the expression of PyNPase mRNA was independently related to a poor prognosis. These findings suggested that the determination of PyNPase mRNA by RT-PCR thus appears to be a new useful parameter for identifying both a poor prognosis and a highly malignant potential of oesophageal carcinoma. (+info)

In some types of carcinomas, Stage 0 carcinoma has been used to describe carcinoma in situ, and occult carcinomas detectable ... Some carcinomas are named for their or the putative cell of origin, (e.g.hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma). ... and sarcomatoid carcinoma (mixtures of spindle and giant cell carcinoma). Pleomorphic carcinoma contains spindle cell and/or ... Hepatocellular carcinoma, NOS (M8200/3) Adenoid cystic carcinoma (M8312/3) Renal cell carcinoma (M8312/3) Grawitz tumor (8390- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoma

... (MEC) is the most common type of minor salivary gland malignancy in adults. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma ... Baloch ZW, Solomon AC, LiVolsi VA (July 2000). "Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with ... H & E stain Histopathologic image of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the major salivary gland. The same lesion as shown in a ... Rubin A, Davis J, Jreije K, Wu H, Oppenheimer R (2017). "Case Report: Recurrent Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Tongue in Adult ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucoepidermoid_carcinoma

... (VC) is an uncommon variant of squamous cell carcinoma. This form of cancer is often seen in those who chew ... Patients with oral verrucous carcinoma may be at greater risk of a second oral squamous cell carcinoma, for which the prognosis ... Epithelioma cuniculatum (also known as Carcinoma cuniculatum,: 654 and Ackerman tumor) is a subtype of verrucous carcinoma, ... Verrucous carcinoma may occur in various head and neck locations, as well as in the genitalia or sole of the foot. The oral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verrucous_carcinoma

... syringoid eccrine carcinoma, microcystic adnexal carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and ductal papillary ... Other tumors not classified include eccrine ductal carcinoma, basaloid eccrine carcinoma, clear cell eccrine carcinoma and non- ... Eccrine carcinomas include porocarcinoma, hidradenocarcinoma, malignant spiradenoma carcinoma, malignant cylindroma, ... specified sweat gland carcinomas. There is no research yet as to what causes Eccrine carcinoma. A skin biopsy is the most ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccrine_carcinoma

... most commonly refers to: Medullary thyroid cancer Medullary carcinoma of the breast Medullary carcinoma may ... Medullary carcinoma may refer to one of several different tumors of epithelial origin. As the term "medulla" is a generic ... also refer to tumors of the: Ampulla of Vater Gallbladder Kidney (Renal medullary carcinoma) Large intestine Pancreas Stomach v ... t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Carcinoma, All stub articles, Neoplasm ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medullary_carcinoma

... is a cutaneous condition reported to arise on sun-exposed areas, most commonly the face and ears.: 674 ... Onycholemmal carcinoma. Rashid RM, Cutlan JE. Dermatol Online J. 2010 Mar 15;16(3):12. v t e (Articles with short description, ... ISBN 0-7216-2921-0. Rashid, Rashid M.; Cutlan, Jonathan E. (2010). "Onycholemmal carcinoma". Dermatology Online Journal. 16 (3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichilemmal_carcinoma

The name NUT carcinoma was introduced as the carcinoma does not only occur in the body midline; therefore, WHO also changed the ... NUT carcinoma (NC; formerly NUT midline carcinoma (NMC)) is a rare genetically defined, very aggressive squamous cell ... "International NUT Midline Carcinoma Registry - Doctors". French, CA. (Nov 2010). "NUT midline carcinoma". Cancer Genet ... When NUT midline carcinoma is seen in the head and neck, the squamous lining of the cavities may be entrapped by the neoplastic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUT_carcinoma

... is a rare form of malignant odontogenic tumor, that develops in the jawbones from the epithelial cells ... Common symptoms of ameloblastic carcinomas are pain and swelling either localized in the jaw or throughout the entire face, ... It is speculated that some cases of ameloblastic carcinoma arise from remnants of epithelial tissue left behind after the ... "Ameloblastic Carcinoma - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)". Retrieved 2015-09-22. Hari Ram (December 2010). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameloblastic_carcinoma

628-9 The most common malignancy found in bone is metastatic carcinoma. Skin lesion Metastasis Carcinoma James, William; Berger ... Metastatic carcinoma is cancer that is able to grow at sites distant from the primary site of origin; thus, dissemination to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metastatic_carcinoma

... , also known as sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGc), sebaceous cell carcinoma, and meibomian gland carcinoma is ... Extraocular SGc frequently appears similarly to skin cancers such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and benign ... Sebaceous carcinoma is a neoplastic growth of sebaceous glands. It is predominantly seen in the head and neck region given the ... Shields JA, Demirci H, Marr BP, Eagle RC, Shields CL (2005). "Sebaceous carcinoma of the ocular region: a review". Survey of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebaceous_carcinoma

... and adenosquamous carcinoma. The mixed-type is further classified as carcinoma with chondroid metaplasia, carcinoma with ... Metaplastic carcinoma, otherwise known as metaplastic carcinoma of the breast (MCB), is a heterogeneous group of cancers that ... invasive ductal carcinoma with extensive squamous metaplasia, and invasive ductal carcinoma with pseudosarcomatous metaplasia. ... Böler DE, Kara H, Sağlıcan Y, Tokat F, Uras C (2016-08-01). "Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast: A case series and review of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaplastic_carcinoma

Examples include: Lobular carcinoma in situ Invasive lobular carcinoma "lobular carcinoma" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary v t ... Lobular carcinoma is a form of tumor which primarily affects the lobules of a gland. It is sometimes considered equivalent to " ... "terminal duct carcinoma". If not otherwise specified, it generally refers to breast cancer. ... e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Carcinoma, All stub articles, Neoplasm stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobular_carcinoma

Oncocytic adrenal cortical carcinoma Myxoid adrenal cortical carcinoma Carcinosarcoma Adenosquamous adrenocortical carcinoma ... Adrenocortical adenoma Renal cell carcinoma Pheochromocytoma Hepatocellular carcinoma Adrenocortical carcinomas are most ... Adrenocortical carcinoma has often invaded nearby tissues or metastasized to distant organs at the time of diagnosis, and the ... Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive cancer originating in the cortex (steroid hormone-producing tissue) of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenocortical_carcinoma

... is a general term for a malignant neoplasm arising from the uncontrolled proliferation of transformed ... such as the glandular formation or special cellular junctions that are typical of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaplastic_carcinoma

The formerly termed secretory carcinomas include: Mammary secretory carcinoma, also termed secretory carcinoma of the breast, ... Salivary gland-type carcinoma of the thyroid appears to be a more aggressive disease than mammary secretory carcinoma or MASCSG ... Secretory carcinoma in the skin was first described in 2009.) Salivary gland-type carcinoma of the thyroid, also termed ... Mammary secretory carcinoma, termed secretory carcinoma at the time, was first described in 1966.) Mammary analogue secretory ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretory_carcinoma

Carcinoma of the tonsil is a type of squamous cell carcinoma. The tonsil is the most common site of squamous cell carcinoma in ... Factors determining the prognosis of tonsillar carcinoma are as follows: Tonsillar carcinoma can be either HPV related or HPV ... A study that analyzed the survival rate in HPV-related oropharynx carcinoma to that in HPV-unrelated oropharynx carcinoma. The ... The carcinoma may occur in one or more sites deep within the tonsillar crypts. It may be accompanied by the enlargement of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonsil_carcinoma

Types include: Mammary Ductal carcinoma in situ Invasive ductal carcinoma Pancreatic ductal carcinoma "NCI Dictionary of Cancer ... Ductal carcinoma is a type of tumor that primarily presents in the ducts of a gland. ... Media related to Ductal carcinomas at Wikimedia Commons v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different ... from Wikidata, All set index articles, Set index articles, Commons category link from Wikidata, Carcinoma, All stub articles, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ductal_carcinoma

... is a subtype of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. More rarely, tubular carcinomas may arise in the ... invasive NOS carcinoma because there is a continuous spectrum from pure tubular carcinomas to mixed NOS carcinomas with tubular ... Most tubular carcinomas begin in the milk duct of the breast and spread to healthy tissue around it. Although tubular carcinoma ... and more recent studies suggest tubular carcinomas represent between 8% and 27% of all breast cancers. Tubular carcinoma is one ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubular_carcinoma

... is a relatively uncommon type of germ cell tumour that occurs in the ovaries and testes. The presenting ... Males with pure embryonal carcinoma tend to have a normal amount of the protein alpha-fetoprotein in the fluid component of ... The clinical features associated with metastasising embryonal carcinoma may include low back pain, dyspnoea, cough, haemoptysis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryonal_carcinoma

"Lymphoepithelioma-like hepatocellular carcinoma: an uncommon variant of hepatocellular carcinoma with favorable outcome". Am J ... Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults and is currently the most common cause ... Hepatocellular carcinoma (Photo) Archived 2021-11-01 at the Wayback Machine ATLAS OF PATHOLOGY Chan AW, Zhang Z, Chong CC, Tin ... Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma varies by the stage of disease, a person's likelihood to tolerate surgery, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma

... is a rare cancer resulting in parathyroid adenoma to carcinoma progression. It forms in tissues of one or ... Parathyroid carcinoma is sometimes diagnosed during surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. If the surgeon suspects carcinoma ... Some authors suggest high levels of HCG as a marker for parathyroid carcinoma in the right context. However, other thyroid ... The rate of occurrence of parathyroid carcinoma is between 0.5% to 5% Most patients experience moderate to severe hypercalcemia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_carcinoma

... is a type of cancer that contains two types of cells: squamous cells (thin, flat cells that line ... Adenosquamous carcinoma entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms This article incorporates public domain ... February 2010). "Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas: a case report". Cases Journal. 3 (1): 41. doi:10.1186/1757-1626-3-41 ... Di Como JA (October 2015). "Adenosquamous carcinoma of the colon and rectum: a population based clinical outcomes study ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosquamous_carcinoma

After thymoma, thymic carcinoma is the second most common type of thymus cancer. Early-stage thymic carcinoma is generally ... Superior vena cava syndrome may be associated with thymic carcinoma. Thymic carcinoma is rarely associated with paraneoplastic ... Both thymoma and thymic carcinoma originate from thymic epithelial cells; however, the epithelial cells in thymic carcinoma ... with type C thymoma representing the equivalent of thymic carcinoma. Thymic carcinoma can be further divided into subtypes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymic_carcinoma

... squamous cell carcinoma, typically found in older adults type 2: non-keratinizing carcinoma type 3: undifferentiated carcinoma ... Non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma; keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma; and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. The tumor ... power Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma-high power Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma-high power Staging of ... Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma-low power Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma-med. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasopharyngeal_carcinoma

... is a type of rare lung tumour under the category of poorly differentiated Non-small-cell lung carcinoma ( ... Sarcomatoid carcinoma, sometimes referred to as pleomorphic carcinoma, is a relatively uncommon form of cancer whose malignant ... spindle cell carcinoma (almost completely consists of spindle cells), pleomorphic carcinoma (at least 10% spindle/giant cells ... Moran C, Saul S (2010). "Non Small Cell Carcinomas of the Lung". Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions of the Lung and Pleura. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcomatoid_carcinoma

It is also called sarcomatoid carcinoma. Spindle cell sarcoma Spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma Spindle cell cancer entry in ... Spindle cell carcinoma is a type of cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs and that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spindle_cell_carcinoma

Histopathology of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), next to lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) Invasive lobular carcinoma ... Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is breast cancer arising from the lobules of the mammary glands. It accounts for 5-10% of ... Loss of E-cadherin is common in lobular carcinoma but is also seen in other breast cancers. Treatment includes surgery and ... Rare cases of this carcinoma have been diagnosed in men (see male breast cancer). The histologic patterns include: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasive_lobular_carcinoma

... (EMCa) is a rare malignant tumour that typically arises in a salivary gland and consists of ... Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the lung Adenomyoepithelioma Kasper HU, Mellin W, Kriegsmann J, Cheremet E, Lippert H, ... Tralongo V, Daniele E (1998). "Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary glands: a review of literature". Anticancer ... The histologic differential diagnosis includes adenoid cystic carcinoma and pleomorphic adenoma. Intermed. mag. High mag. They ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epithelial-myoepithelial_carcinoma

A choroid plexus carcinoma (WHO grade III) is a type of choroid plexus tumor that affects the choroid plexus of the brain. It ... Choroid plexus carcinomas typically occur in the lateral ventricles in children and in the fourth ventricle of adults. The ... Although choroid plexus carcinomas are significantly more aggressive and have half the survival rate as choroid plexus ... Choroid plexus carcinomas can induce hydrocephalus through a variety of mechanisms, including blockage of normal cerebrospinal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choroid_plexus_carcinoma

Carcinoma (from the Greek karkinos, or "crab", and -oma, "growth") is a type of cancer. A carcinoma is a cancer that begins in ... Invasive urothelial carcinoma is a type of transitional cell carcinoma. It is a type of cancer that develops in the urinary ... "transitional cell carcinoma" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary "Definition of Carcinoma". Archived from the original on 2012-10- ... Symptoms vary between individuals and can be dependent upon the stage of growth of the carcinoma. Presence of the carcinoma can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasive_urothelial_carcinoma

Sun exposure and having a weak immune system can affect the risk of Merkel cell carcinoma. Merkel cell carcinoma usually ... Find out more about risk factors, symptoms, tests to diagnose, prognosis, staging, and treatment for Merkel cell carcinoma. ... Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare type of skin cancer that usually starts in areas of skin exposed to the sun. ... Merkel cell carcinoma, also called neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin or trabecular cancer, is a very rare type of skin ...

https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/merkel-cell-treatment-pdq

Get the facts about basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common form of skin cancer, along with answers to your questions and ... Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer and the most frequently occurring form of all cancers. In the ... Basal cell carcinoma is quite common. The number of reported cases in the U.S. has steadily increased. ... The diagnosis and treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancers, including BCC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), increased up to 77 ...

https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/basal-cell-carcinoma/

Learn the risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma, and who to screen, how often to screen, and what tools should be used. ... "In cirrhotic patients, diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma for nodules of 1-2 cm in diameter should be based on noninvasive ... "Patients on the transplant waiting list should be screened for hepatocellular carcinoma because, in the USA, the development of ... "In cirrhotic patients, nodules more than 2 cm in diameter can be diagnosed for hepatocellular carcinoma based on typical ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/853459_4

... Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the third ... Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States and worldwide; infection with hepatitis ... Hepatocellular carcinoma incidence, mortality, and survival trends in the United States from 1975 to 2005. J Clin Oncol 2009;27 ... Alternate Text: The figure above shows the hepatocellular carcinoma average annual incidence rate, by sex in the United States ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5917a3.htm

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a cancer of the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are two triangle-shaped glands. One gland ... Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a cancer of the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are two triangle-shaped glands. One gland ... Allolio B, Fassnacht M. Adrenocortical carcinoma. In: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Adult ... Adrenocortical carcinoma treatment (Adult) (PDQ) - health professional version. www.cancer.gov/types/adrenocortical/hp/ ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001663.htm

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid (ATC) is the most aggressive thyroid gland malignancy. Although ATC accounts for less than ... encoded search term (Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma) and Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma What to Read Next on Medscape ... Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Medication. Updated: May 13, 2021 * Author: Anastasios K Konstantakos, MD; Chief Editor: Neetu ... Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Treatment outcome and prognostic factors. Cancer. 2005 Apr 1. 103(7):1330-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link] ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/283165-medication

1983)‎. Prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma by immunization*. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 61 (‎5)‎, 731 - 744 ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/264919

Background: Urinary bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in Jordan. No research on survival from bladder cancer at the national level has been conducted before. Aims: This study aimed to estimate the probability ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Carcinoma&type=mesh

Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater, shown in the image below, is a rare malignant tumor arising within 2 cm of the distal end of ... encoded search term (Carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater) and Carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater What to Read Next on Medscape ... Carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater. Updated: May 08, 2018 * Author: Nafisa K Kuwajerwala, MD; Chief Editor: N Joseph Espat, MD, ... Signet ring cell carcinoma of the ampulla of vater: Report of a case and a review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2015 ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/282920-overview

... , a rare tumor in infants and children, has an unusual histological appearance and ... Juvenile secretory carcinoma of the breast J Pediatr Surg. 1985 Aug;20(4):368-71. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(85)80221-9. ... Juvenile secretory carcinoma of the breast, a rare tumor in infants and children, has an unusual histological appearance and ... Secretory carcinoma of the breast in this group of patients appears to be a slow growing, locally recurring malignancy. Adults ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4045662/?dopt=Abstract

The author reviews the latest information regarding the risk factors, surveillance, and diagnosis of this tumor.

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/502871_3

How familiar are you with basal cell carcinomas? Test yourself and compare your results to those of your peers! ... Skin Cancer - Merkel Cell Carcinoma * Basal Cell Carcinoma Fast Five Quiz: How Familiar Are You With Identification and ... Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells, the small, ... Cases in Basal Cell Carcinoma: Fostering Interdisciplinary Care 0.75 CME / ABIM MOC Credits ...

https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/827503

About Endometrial Carcinoma Endometrial carcinoma begins in the inner lining of the uterus, which is known as the endometrium ... Hepatocellular Carcinoma KEYTRUDA is indicated for the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have been ... Renal Cell Carcinoma KEYTRUDA, in combination with axitinib, is indicated for the first-line treatment of adult patients with ... Merkel Cell Carcinoma KEYTRUDA is indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with recurrent locally advanced ...

https://www.merck.com/news/results-from-pivotal-phase-3-keynote-775-study-309-trial-of-keytruda-pembrolizumab-plus-lenvima-lenvatinib-in-advanced-endometrial-carcinoma-published-in-the-new-england-journal-of-med/

Squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of skin cancer. Learn more. ... What to know about carcinoma. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are different forms of nonmelanoma skin cancer. ... What does squamous cell carcinoma look like?. SCC of the skin is also called cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). cSCC ... What to know about squamous cell carcinoma. Medically reviewed by Susan Bard, MD - By Sasha Santhakumar on July 29, 2021 ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/squamous-cell-carcinoma?utm_source=ReadNext

... Histopathology. 2012 Sep;61(3):428-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2012. ... Aims: Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC), a rare and highly aggressive tumour which occurs in patients with sickle-cell disease, ... shares many clinicopathological features with collecting duct carcinoma (CDC). The molecular mechanisms underlying RMC and CDC ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22686875/?dopt=Abstract

Approval was based on a single-arm study treating 270 patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who ... for treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have disease progression during or ...

https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/nivolumab-treatment-urothelial-carcinoma

In vitro, human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells were treated with N-desulfated heparin in different concentration (0.1 ... In vitro, N-desulfated heparin inhibited significantly bFGF protein and mRNA expression of gastric carcinoma cells (,inline- ... tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. ,i,Methods,/i,. Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 tissues were ... In vitro, N-desulfated heparin inhibited significantly bFGF protein and mRNA expression of gastric carcinoma cells (. ). ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/grp/2012/752940/

Fibrolamellar carcinoma is a rare primary hepatic malignancy that was first descr... ... has conventionally been considered to be a histologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it has more recently been ... had hepatocellular carcinoma and 90 (1%) had fibrolamellar carcinoma. Patients with fibrolamellar carcinoma were younger (25 ... Fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver with a mixture of ordinary hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report. Am J Gastroenterol. ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/278354-overview

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or liver cancer, occurs when a tumor grows on the liver. HCC is responsible for over 12,000 ... Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or liver cancer, occurs when a tumor grows on the liver. It is responsible for over 12,000 ...

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/liver-cancer-hepatocellular-carcinoma

See the latest posts about Squamous Cell Carcinoma News & Opinion in womens health ... The Latest in Squamous Cell Carcinoma News & Opinion. * Vitamin B3 Found Helpful to Reduce Recurrent Skin Cancer By Michele ... This Squamous Cell Carcinoma News & Opinion page on EmpowHER Womens Health works best with javascript enabled in your browser. ...

https://empowher.com/condition/squamous-cell-carcinoma/news

Clinical Signs of Cat Basal Cell Carcinoma. The basal cell carcinomas may be observed on the cats skin. The tumor has the ... Diagnosing Basal Cell Carcinomas. Basal cell carcinomas may be diagnosed following a set of tests including:. *An examination ... Prognosis for Cats with Basal Cell Carcinoma. The prognosis for a cat with basal cell carcinoma may depend on the treatment ... Senior felines develop more often basal cell carcinomas.. Causes of Basal Cell Carcinomas. The occurrence of basal cell ...

https://www.vetinfo.com/basal-cell-carcinoma-in-cats.html

Invasive ductal carcinoma treatment is designed to address cancer cells that initially form in a milk duct and then grow beyond ... If youd like to learn more about invasive ductal carcinoma treatment option at Moffitt, call 1-888-663-3488 or complete a new ... Biological targeted therapy - If invasive ductal carcinoma is identified as being HER2-positive, this means that the cells ... most patients are advised to consider one or more of the following invasive ductal carcinoma treatment options:. *Lumpectomy - ...

https://moffitt.org/cancers/invasive-ductal-carcinoma/treatment/

Learn about the differences between small and large cell lung carcinomas, how LCLC is diagnosed and treated, and more. ... Large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC) is one form of non-small cell lung cancer that can grow quickly and spread aggressively. ... Squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma is another large cell carcinoma and is sometimes referred to as epidermoid ... Non-small cell carcinomas, like LCLC, are the most common form of lung cancer, making up 80 to 85 percent. of all lung cancers ...

https://www.healthline.com/health/lung-cancer/large-cell-carcinoma

It is now recognized that superficial bladder carcinomas are a heterogenous group of tumors with diverse biological and ... This review will discuss recent progress and controversial issues on the staging and substaging of bladder carcinomas. ... 1973 nor the 2004 WHO grading system appears to be useful for predicting the clinical outcome of invasive urothelial carcinoma ... Urothelial carcinoma invading into prostatic stroma (pT4a urothelial carcinoma). (a) Urothelial carcinoma often elicits a ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/modpathol20091?error=cookies_not_supported&code=02d01871-d99e-426b-aaa2-39d452336f4e

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC or AdCC), a rare cancer, is diagnosed after a series of routine and specialized imaging tests and ... Basaloid squamous carcinoma (a form of esophageal cancer). *Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus (unlikely due to "true" ... Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC or AdCC) is diagnosed after a series of tests and a biopsy. This rare form of cancer most often ... Adenoid cystic carcinoma: A review of recent advances, molecular targets, and clinical trials. Head Neck. 38(4):620-7. doi: ...

https://www.verywellhealth.com/adenoid-cystic-carcinoma-diagnosis-5200835

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. ACC is capable of secreting excess adrenocortical ... Treatment of Adrenocortical Carcinoma. November 3, 2019 Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a poor ...

https://www.urotoday.com/recent-abstracts/urologic-oncology/adrenal-diseases/116236-treatment-of-adrenocortical-carcinoma.html

squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus Clinical Research Trial Listings on CenterWatch ... carcinoma. . But the 10-year overall survival rate was only 38%. How to increase the overall survival of ... carcinoma. (. ESCC. ) refractory or intolerant to fluoropyrimidine- or taxane- and platinum-based regimen. Following approval ... Study of Tislelizumab in Participants With Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma The purpose of this study is to ...

https://www.centerwatch.com/clinical-trials/listings/search/?q=squamous%20cell%20carcinoma%20of%20esophagus

Reviews and ratings for Sutent when used in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. 28 reviews submitted with a 7.6 average ... User Reviews for Sutent to treat Renal Cell Carcinoma. Sutent has an average rating of 7.6 out of 10 from a total of 26 ratings ... Compare all 44 medications used in the treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma. ... for the treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma. 69% of reviewers reported a positive experience, while 19% reported a negative ...

https://www.drugs.com/comments/sunitinib/sutent-for-renal-cell-carcinoma.html

i have been diagnosed with a carcinoma with no primary origin and am facing tx for said dx. i do know that i have four liasons ... i have been diagnosed with a carcinoma with no primary origin and am facing tx for said dx. i do know that i have four liasons ... i will go to va friday 3-25.2011 for a consult to give tx options without knowing were the primary carcinoma is at. is it sop ... with a liver biopsy that a pathologist ran at least 25 stains without finding or locating the carcinomas primary source. i do ...

https://medhelp.org/posts/Cancer/-tx-of-carcinoma-of-no-known-origin/show/1488688

Patients at high risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma should be entered in the surveillance programs. (medscape.com)
Patients on the transplant waiting list should be screened for hepatocellular carcinoma because, in the USA, the development of hepatocellular carcinoma gives increased priority for orthotopic liver transplantation and because failure to screen for hepatocellular carcinoma means that patients may develop hepatocellular carcinoma that may progress beyond listing criteria without the physician being aware. (medscape.com)
Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma should be performed using ultrasonography. (medscape.com)
In cirrhotic patients, diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma for nodules of 1-2 cm in diameter should be based on noninvasive criteria or biopsy-proven pathological confirmation. (medscape.com)
In cirrhotic patients, nodules more than 2 cm in diameter can be diagnosed for hepatocellular carcinoma based on typical features on one imaging technique. (medscape.com)
Cite this: Screening for Hepatocellular Carcinoma - Medscape - Nov 03, 2015. (medscape.com)
Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the third leading cause of death from cancer worldwide and the ninth leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)
Cite this: Hepatocellular Carcinoma - Medscape - May 01, 2005. (medscape.com)
Join the ' Hepatocellular Carcinoma ' group to help and get support from people like you. (drugs.com)
Our support group for Hepatocellular Carcinoma has 10 questions and 22 members. (drugs.com)
Although FLC was historically considered to be a histologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is currently recognized as a distinct clinical entity with respect to its epidemiology, etiology, and prognosis. (medscape.com)
A variant of FLC, known as mixed fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (mFL-HCC) and characterized by the presence of both FLC and conventional HCC components within the same tumors, has also been reported. (medscape.com)
Fibrolamellar carcinoma is a rare primary hepatic malignancy that was first described as a pathological variant of hepatocellular carcinoma by Edmondson in 1956. (medscape.com)
[ 14 ] both of which again highlighted the young age of onset and the relatively good prognosis that continue to distinguish fibrolamellar carcinoma from conventional hepatocellular carcinoma. (medscape.com)
The more typical form of hepatocellular carcinoma is often associated with active hepatic inflammation, hepatitis B or C viral infection, alcohol-related liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis from any other cause, or dietary aflatoxin B1. (medscape.com)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or liver cancer, occurs when a tumor grows on the liver. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of highly malignant cancer with insidious onset, fast progression, and a low 5-year survival rate. (hindawi.com)
The National Cancer Institute has awarded Mount Sinai researchers $3.15 million in grant funding to assess the potential of a multidisciplinary drug development platform to identify new biological targets for precision-based therapeutics for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (prweb.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Hepatocellular carcinoma. (who.int)
Hepatocellular carcinoma / edited by Kunio Okuda and Ian Mackay. (who.int)
Clinical and economical impact of 2010 AASLD guidelines for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. (qxmd.com)
Although contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), dynamic magnetic resonance (MRI) and fine needle biopsy (FNB) are the standard of care to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the clinical and economic benefits of the updated AASLD diagnostic algorithm, including the drop of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), have not been previously evaluated. (qxmd.com)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly disease. (intechopen.com)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most lethal malignancy worldwide [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
Which medications in the drug class PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors are used in the treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)? (medscape.com)
It is indicated for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients who have been previously treated with sorafenib. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: 2018 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. (medscape.com)
Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus. (medscape.com)
An P, Xu J, Yu Y, Winkler CA. Host and Viral Genetic Variation in HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. (medscape.com)
The mutational landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Inactivating mutations of the chromatin remodeling gene ARID2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Small encapsulated hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver. (medscape.com)
We found protein methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) to be frequently downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its expression to negatively correlate with aggressive cancer features in HCC patients. (mdrresearch.nl)
Erythropoietin-producing Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receptor B1 Polymorphisms are Associated with HBV-infected Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Korean Population. (genominfo.org)
Erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular carcinoma receptor B1 (EPHB1) is a member of the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases that mediate vascular system development. (genominfo.org)
Eph receptor overexpression has been observed in various cancers and is related to the malignant transformation, metastasis, and differentiation of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (genominfo.org)
Polymorphisms in RAS Guanyl-releasing Protein 3 are Associated with Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Korean Population. (genominfo.org)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the twelfth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of worldwide cancer- related death. (who.int)
B viral-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. (who.int)
Diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and one of the most frequent causes of death in patients with liver cirrhosis. (bvsalud.org)

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer and the most frequently occurring form of all cancers. (skincancer.org)
Basal cell carcinoma is quite common. (skincancer.org)
Basal Cell Carcinoma Fast Five Quiz: How Familiar Are You With Identification and Treatment? (medscape.com)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells, the small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis. (medscape.com)
A timely detection will offer the vet the option of removing the basal cell carcinoma and in some cases, the cancerous will not be recurrent. (vetinfo.com)
The prognosis for a cat with basal cell carcinoma may depend on the treatment used. (vetinfo.com)
Can a topical cream help treat basal cell carcinoma? (yahoo.com)
Basal cell carcinoma occurs when a mutation occurs in the DNA of a basal cell. (scirp.org)
Several types of treatments are available to remove or destroy basal cell carcinoma. (scirp.org)
Accordingly, Curaderm pharmacotherapy for basal cell carcinoma effectively and safely treats virtually all types, sizes and lesion locations. (scirp.org)
Twenty cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the head and neck region were examined immunohistochemically for the detection of T- and Blymphocytes. (who.int)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a malignant epithelial neoplasm and is the most common cancer in the head and neck region. (who.int)
In this basal cell carcinoma, dilated blood vessels (telangiectases) appear on the surface. (merckmanuals.com)
Basal cell carcinoma: This skin cancer often forms on skin that has received years of sun exposure. (mddermcare.com)
A basal cell carcinoma is diagnosed after an initial skin biopsy. (mddermcare.com)
Do you have any questions about Basal Cell Carcinoma? (mddermcare.com)

Lorie Hughes Rachel Ellsworth Rowan Chlebowski Victor Vogel Local Excision Alone for Selected Patients with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ? (audiomedica.com)
One out of every five new breast cancer diagnoses each year is ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). (aapc.com)
Like ductal carcinoma in situ, it begins in the milk ducts of the breast. (aapc.com)
The main differential diagnosis is ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) . (patholines.org)
In contrast, both E-cadherin (left image below) and p120 (right) have a membranous staining pattern in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). (patholines.org)
There are 2 types of breast carcinoma in situ: ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and Paget disease of the nipple. (titcoins.biz)
Ductal carcinoma in situ pronunciation with meanings, synonyms, antonyms, translations, sentences and more Correct way to pronounce mirlo in Spanish is? (titcoins.biz)
What are symptoms of ductal carcinoma in situ? (titcoins.biz)
Ductal carcinoma in situ does not have specific symptoms such a lump or breast pain. (titcoins.biz)
There are two types of CIS, ductal carcinoma in situ and lobar carcinoma in situ (DCIS & LCIS), neither of which are cancer. (titcoins.biz)

Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater, shown in the image below, is a rare malignant tumor arising within 2 cm of the distal end of the common bile duct, where it passes through the wall of the duodenum and ampullary papilla. (medscape.com)
Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater is an uncommon tumor. (medscape.com)
Juvenile secretory carcinoma of the breast, a rare tumor in infants and children, has an unusual histological appearance and clinical behavior. (nih.gov)
The present study was performed to investigate the effect of N-desulfated heparin on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. (hindawi.com)
This designation includes noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma (pTa), carcinoma in situ (CIS) (pTis), and tumor invading into the lamina propria (pT1). (nature.com)
The lab report from the biopsy samples indicated that this was invasive ductal carcinoma with tumor necrosis, grade III. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. (frontiersin.org)
Following the experience of guideline-development in other tumor types, the trial criteria should serve as the basis for future endometrial carcinoma-specific HER2 testing and scoring recommendations, to ensure therapeutic response in new patient cohorts. (lww.com)
Loss of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene in parathyroid carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Tumor Size and Presence of Metastatic Disease at Diagnosis are Associated with Disease-Specific Survival in Parathyroid Carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Is carcinoma in situ a tumor? (titcoins.biz)
Infiltrating ductal cancer is the most common tumor type of breast cancer in men, while invasive lobular carcinoma is very rare. (cancer.gov)

Carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater tends to manifest early due to biliary outflow obstruction, as opposed to pancreatic neoplasms that often are advanced at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)

Go to Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Sarcomatoid and Rhabdoid Renal Cell Carcinoma for complete information on these topics. (medscape.com)
A 46 year old male with history of prior open right partial nephrectomy for Grade III clear cell renal cell carcinoma presented to clinic for 5 year follow-up. (auanet.org)

Merkel cell carcinoma is a very rare disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the skin. (cancer.gov)
Post operative diagnosis concluded that this was right-sided metastatic breast carcinoma with malignant pleural effusion. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Lip squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant lesion of aggressive behavior, which must be recognized by health professionals to prevent damage to patient's health. (bvsalud.org)

Nine patients treated with primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the prostate were identified among 29,783 cases of prostate cancer evaluated at Mayo Clinic from January 15, 1970, until January 2, 2009. (elsevier.com)
The presence of a primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the prostate was best confirmed by negative findings on gastrointestinal work-up, a positive stain for prostate-specific acid phosphatase, and negative carcinoembryonic antigen test results. (elsevier.com)

Sun exposure and having a weak immune system can affect the risk of Merkel cell carcinoma. (cancer.gov)
Merkel cell carcinoma usually appears as a single painless lump on sun-exposed skin. (cancer.gov)
Tests and procedures that examine the skin are used to diagnose Merkel cell carcinoma. (cancer.gov)
Merkel cell carcinoma , also called neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin or trabecular cancer, is a very rare type of skin cancer that forms when Merkel cells grow out of control. (cancer.gov)
Merkel cell carcinoma starts most often in areas of skin exposed to the sun, especially the head and neck, as well as the arms, legs, and trunk . (cancer.gov)
Merkel cell carcinoma tends to grow quickly and to metastasize (spread) at an early stage . (cancer.gov)
Merkel cell carcinoma is the second most common cause of skin cancer death after melanoma . (cancer.gov)
This and other changes in the skin may be caused by Merkel cell carcinoma or by other conditions . (cancer.gov)
After Merkel cell carcinoma has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread to other parts of the body. (cancer.gov)
Merkel cell carcinoma can recur (come back) after it has been treated. (cancer.gov)
with non-MCC high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (5 and Pierre Coursaget small-cell lung carcinomas and 3 well-differentiated in- testinal carcinomas) and an FFPE tissue specimen from a We investigated whether Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patient with high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the patients in France carry Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and then identified strain variations. (cdc.gov)

In this paper, we present the clinical characteristics of thyroid papillary carcinoma determined in children and adolescents in our clinic, the surgical techniques applied, and the clinical results evaluated in light of the relevant literature. (uwi.edu)
Papillary thyroid carcinoma is on the rise. (kevinmd.com)

A review of 118 adenocarcinomas revealed that the biliopancreatic type had a worse prognosis while the intestinal type may behave more like duodenal carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. (urotoday.com)
Epidemiology and prognosis of parathyroid carcinoma: real-world data using nationwide cohort. (medscape.com)

Imaging of Neuroendocrine Prostatic Carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)

Prognostic factors for Korean patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Secretory carcinoma of the breast in this group of patients appears to be a slow growing, locally recurring malignancy. (nih.gov)
The pivotal study evaluated the combination of KEYTRUDA, Merck's anti-PD-1 therapy, plus LENVIMA, the orally available multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor discovered by Eisai, versus chemotherapy (treatment of physician's choice of doxorubicin or paclitaxel) for patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma following at least one prior platinum-based regimen in any setting. (merck.com)
While rates of endometrial carcinoma continue to rise globally, patients with advanced or recurrent disease have limited options available to them once the disease progresses following platinum-based chemotherapy," said Dr. Gregory Lubiniecki, Vice President, Oncology Clinical Research, Merck Research Laboratories. (merck.com)
KEYNOTE-775/Study 309 is an important Phase 3 study that supported recent approvals of KEYTRUDA plus LENVIMA for certain types of advanced endometrial carcinoma in the U.S. and other countries around the world, where it became the first immunotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor combination approved for these patients. (merck.com)
Based on the results from the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-775/Study 309 trial, KEYTRUDA plus LENVIMA has been approved in the U.S. for patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma that is not microsatellite instability-high or dMMR, who have disease progression following prior systemic therapy in any setting and are not candidates for curative surgery or radiation. (merck.com)
KEYTRUDA plus LENVIMA is also approved in the European Union and Japan for certain patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma regardless of mismatch repair status. (merck.com)
KEYNOTE-775/Study 309 ( ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03517449 ) is a Phase 3, multicenter, open-label, randomized, active-controlled study conducted in 827 patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma who had been previously treated with at least one prior platinum-based chemotherapy regimen in any setting, including in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. (merck.com)
Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC), a rare and highly aggressive tumour which occurs in patients with sickle-cell disease, shares many clinicopathological features with collecting duct carcinoma (CDC). (nih.gov)
On February 2, 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval to nivolumab (OPDIVO, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company) for treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have disease progression during or following platinum-containing chemotherapy or have disease progression within 12 months of neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with a platinum-containing chemotherapy. (fda.gov)
Approval was based on a single-arm study treating 270 patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who progressed during or following platinum-containing chemotherapy, or progressed within 12 months of neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with platinum-containing chemotherapy. (fda.gov)
Dr Thomas Hutson comments on the TiNivo-2 trial and discusses upcoming and novel therapies for patients with renal cell carcinoma. (curetoday.com)
Anti-HER2 therapy has recently emerged as an effective targeted treatment approach for patients with advanced stage and recurrent endometrial serous carcinoma, resulting in significantly prolonged progression-free and overall survival when combined with the standard chemotherapy regimen. (lww.com)
Prognostic model for survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results from the international kidney cancer working group. (emmes.com)
In 25-30% of cases, renal cell carcinomas are found incidentally in asymptomatic patients. (medscape.com)
Motzer RJ, Mazumdar M, Bacik J, Berg W, Amsterdam A, Ferrara J. Survival and prognostic stratification of 670 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted agents: results from a large, multicenter study. (medscape.com)
Most patients (66%) had non-stage IV carcinoma, the most common Gleason sum was 8 (33%), and mean survival was 29 months. (elsevier.com)
A palpable mass in the neck is present in approximately 50% of patients with parathyroid carcinoma. (medscape.com)
When patients present with hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) at the symptomatic stage, the disease is rapidly fatal, with a mean survival time of less than 4 months (1). (cdc.gov)
Purpose We analyzed characteristics in patients with recurrent renal cell carcinoma 5 years or later after nephrectomy and determined predictors of survival after recurrence. (elsevier.com)
Use of in situ hybridization to detect human papillomavirus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients without a history of alcohol or tobacco use. (duke.edu)

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a cancer of the adrenal glands . (medlineplus.gov)
Allolio B, Fassnacht M. Adrenocortical carcinoma. (medlineplus.gov)
Adrenocortical carcinoma treatment (Adult) (PDQ) - health professional version. (medlineplus.gov)
Treatment of Adrenocortical Carcinoma. (urotoday.com)
Adrenocortical carcinoma (also called ACC or adrenal cancer) treatment usually involves surgery and may include radiation therapy and chemotherapy. (nih.gov)

There are many tests used for diagnosing thymoma and thymic carcinoma. (cancer.net)
This chapter is about the epithelial tumors thymoma and thymic carcinoma (which include the neuroendocrine tumors). (intechopen.com)

To present incisional biopsy importance as an effective clinical approach for the diagnosis of lip squamous cell carcinoma and actinic cheilitis malignancy as well as the professional's lack of knowledge on these two diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Bowen's disease is a form of skin cancer that includes squamous cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis . (medlineplus.gov)

Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) typically display monomorphic, loosely cohesive, slightly enlarged and evenly spaced cells that fill acini. (patholines.org)
E-cadherin is negative in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). (patholines.org)
p120 has a cytoplasmic staining in lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). (patholines.org)
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a type of breast change that is sometimes seen when a breast biopsy is done. (titcoins.biz)
What is meant by lobular carcinoma? (titcoins.biz)
Lobular carcinoma may be either lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) or invasive lobular carcinoma. (titcoins.biz)
Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is an uncommon condition in which abnormal cells form in the milk glands (lobules) in the breast. (titcoins.biz)
Lobular carcinoma in situ is a rare disease that increases your risk for developing breast cancer. (titcoins.biz)
What you should know about invasive lobular carcinoma? (titcoins.biz)
Invasive lobular carcinoma is a type of breast cancer that begins in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast. (titcoins.biz)
At its earliest stages,invasive lobular carcinoma may cause no signs and symptoms. (titcoins.biz)

Basal cell carcinomas are tumors that grow from the epithelial layer of the epidermis. (vetinfo.com)

The diagnosis and treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancers, including BCC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), increased up to 77 percent between 1994 and 2014. (skincancer.org)
Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common type of skin cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) occurs when genetically mutated cells grow at an accelerated rate and do not die as they should. (medicalnewstoday.com)
What does squamous cell carcinoma look like? (medicalnewstoday.com)
SCC of the skin is also called cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). (medicalnewstoday.com)
Large cell carcinoma of the lung is kind of a catch-all diagnosis for large cell lung cancers that can't be classified into the other specific subgroups. (healthline.com)
Large cell carcinoma. (healthline.com)
Squamous cell carcinoma. (healthline.com)
Squamous cell carcinoma is another large cell carcinoma and is sometimes referred to as epidermoid carcinoma. (healthline.com)
also called oat cell carcinoma. (medindia.net)
Prediagnostic circulating adipokine concentrations and risk of renal cell carcinoma in male smokers. (arctichealth.org)
Despite a well-established link between obesity and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the mechanism through which obesity acts to increase cancer risk is unclear. (arctichealth.org)
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) which ranks sixth among cancers worldwide ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Most commonly prostate cancer is adenocarcinoma, but can develop into other histopathological types, including transitional carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, small-cell carcinoma, signet-ring carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, as well as a sarcoma of the prostate. (renalandurologynews.com)
To develop a single validated model for survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) using a comprehensive international database. (emmes.com)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a diagnostic consideration when a renal mass is found on a radiologic study. (medscape.com)
Excruciating, sharp, bandlike back pain may be an early warning for spinal cord compression due to metastatic renal cell carcinoma and should not be ignored. (medscape.com)
Hu J, Mao Y, White K. Renal cell carcinoma and occupational exposure to chemicals in Canada. (medscape.com)
Chronic hepatitis C infection as a risk factor for renal cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Robson CJ, Churchill BM, Anderson W. The results of radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
This procedure confirmed the diagnosis of lip squamous cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)
The physician and dentist must be aware of the main clinical features of lip squamous cell carcinoma so that they can establish its correct diagnosis and early treatment. (bvsalud.org)
To describe a case of robotic caval replacement using synthetic graft material for a patient with recurrent renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and extensive inferior vena cava (IVC) invasion. (auanet.org)
Targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have advanced the treatment landscape of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) over the last decade. (port.ac.uk)
We report the detection of HPV 52 in a sample taken from a year-old patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva of the left eye. (info-tecuci.ro)
Case Report Hpv high risk not 16 18 detected, Human papillomavirus 52 positive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva Hpv high risk with 16 and 18 genotyping. (info-tecuci.ro)
Immunohistochemistry with TUR-Bt specimens revealed that greater than 90% of both UC and normal urothelial cells were positive for NACC1 in contrast to no or limited expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, cervix, and oral cavity. (esmo.org)
Materials and Methods From July 1989 to October 2008 at total of 2,368 nephrectomies were done for clinically localized, unilateral renal cell carcinoma at our institution. (elsevier.com)
Background: Preoperative assessment is critical to decide the most adequate surgical strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (unige.it)
Currently, only lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR) and subtotal temporal bone resection (STBR) are widely utilized for the surgical treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal (EAC‐SCC). (elsevier.com)
Head and throat squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) may be the 6th most common malignancy worldwide and is generally impervious to curative treatment attempts. (cancerhugs.com)
CONTEXT: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is commonly associated with tobacco and alcohol use. (duke.edu)
CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that the new probe sets for HPV can be used very efficiently in clinical pathology material of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. (duke.edu)
The histology revealed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with free surgical margin. (cosecsa.org)

Carcinomas -- the most commonly diagnosed cancers -- originate in the skin , lungs , breasts , pancreas , and other organs and glands. (webmd.com)
Non-small cell carcinomas, like LCLC, are the most common form of lung cancer, making up 80 to 85 percent of all lung cancers. (healthline.com)
Squamous cell carcinomas make up about one-quarter of all non-small cell lung cancers. (healthline.com)

Pancreaticoduodenectomy is the standard resection procedure for ampullary carcinoma. (medscape.com)
This study aimed to elucidate the variations of en bloc resection for advanced EAC‐SCC. (elsevier.com)
Furthermore, en bloc resection with the temporomandibular joint or glenoid fossa increases the technical difficulty of a surgical procedure because the exposure and manipulation of the petrous segment of the internal carotid artery are limited from the middle cranial fossa. (elsevier.com)

It is now recognized that 'superficial' bladder carcinomas are a heterogenous group of tumors with diverse biological and clinical manifestations. (nature.com)
Neither the 1973 nor the 2004 WHO grading system appears to be useful for predicting the clinical outcome of invasive urothelial carcinoma. (nature.com)
What are the clinical features of sebaceous carcinoma? (dermnetnz.org)
This article provides an overview of the unique characteristics of HER2 protein expression and gene amplification in endometrial serous carcinoma and summarizes the HER2 scoring criteria used for patient enrollment in the recent clinical trial. (lww.com)
Thus, based on the clinical trial, the author proposes a specific HER2 testing algorithm for endometrial serous carcinoma to guide the current clinical practice. (lww.com)

Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a primary liver cancer that occurs in adolescents and young adults without underlying liver disease. (medscape.com)
Invasive ductal carcinoma treatment is designed to address cancer cells that initially form in a milk duct and then grow beyond the walls of the duct into the surrounding breast tissue. (moffitt.org)
Biological targeted therapy - If invasive ductal carcinoma is identified as being HER2-positive, this means that the cells produce excess amounts of a protein called HER2, which can cause the cancer to receive signals that cause it to grow very fast. (moffitt.org)
Large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC) is one form of non-small cell lung cancer that tends to grow more quickly and spread more aggressively than some other forms. (healthline.com)
Does carcinoma in situ mean cancer? (titcoins.biz)
Carcinoma in situ refers to cancer in which abnormal cells have not spread beyond where they first formed. (titcoins.biz)
Is carcinoma in situ considered internal cancer? (titcoins.biz)

Periampullary carcinoma includes tumors arising in the head, neck, or uncinate process of the pancreas, tumors arising in the distal common bile duct, tumors arising in the duodenum, as well as tumors arising from the ampulla of Vater. (medscape.com)
The concept of ampullary carcinoma as a distinct entity is challenged by the categorization of tumors into intestinal type and biliopancreatic type histologically. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Prior to the recently reported increase, the quoted incidence for ampullary carcinoma was 0.2% of all gastrointestinal malignancies and 6% of all periampullary tumors. (medscape.com)
Thymoma and thymus carcinoma account for 20% of tumors in the anterior mediastinum and are therefore the most commonly found malignancy in that specific location. (intechopen.com)

A significant association between telomerase-positive infiltrating breast carcinomas and lymphovascular invasion, a fundamental step in breast malignancy metastasis and a predictor of survival, has also been observed, making telomerase a useful prognostic marker [17]. (asiatox.org)
2 ] Fewer than 1% of all breast carcinomas occur in men. (cancer.gov)

Similarly, under Carcinoma, specific renamed or deleted in later revisions of tumour classifications. (who.int)

miRNAs and their target molecules are utilized for molecular diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma. (esmo.org)
Functional experiments involving miR-331-3p and its target molecule, NACC1, was analyzed using urothelial carcinoma (UC) cell lines, T24, UMUC6, and KU7. (esmo.org)

But unlike DCIS, invasive ductal carcinoma is not contained. (aapc.com)

La neoplasia de células del epitelio escamoso que no proliferan hacia la zona basal, y aparecen a menudo de forma simultánea en muchos lugares. (biodic.net)

What is in situ carcinoma of the breast? (titcoins.biz)

In this article, you'll learn about the differences between small and large cell carcinomas in the lung, how LCLC is diagnosed and treated, and what to expect if you receive this diagnosis. (healthline.com)
What is large cell lung carcinoma? (healthline.com)

Genomic profiling reveals mutational landscape in parathyroid carcinomas. (medscape.com)

In metastatic thyroid carcinoma, doxorubicin is probably the most effective antineoplastic agent. (medscape.com)
Cabanillas ME, Zafereo M, Gunn GB, Ferrarotto R. Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Treatment in the Age of Molecular Targeted Therapy. (medscape.com)
Identification of novel therapeutic targets in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma using functional genomic mRNA-profiling: Paving the way for new avenues? (medscape.com)
Prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of 100 cases of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Orita Y, Sugitani I, Amemiya T, Fujimoto Y. Prospective application of our novel prognostic index in the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Remarkable Response to Crizotinib in Woman With Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Rearranged Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Description and Comparison of the Sonographic Characteristics of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma. (medscape.com)
We further pursued genetic determinants associated with individual susceptibility to radiation-related thyroid carcinoma (TC) within the framework of the EPITHYR consortium. (who.int)

Diagnostic Confirmation: Are you sure your patient has prostate carcinoma? (renalandurologynews.com)
C. History Part 3: Competing diagnoses that can mimic prostate carcinoma. (renalandurologynews.com)

If you'd like to learn more about invasive ductal carcinoma treatment option at Moffitt, call 1-888-663-3488 or complete a new patient registration form online. (moffitt.org)

[ 17 ] and no histological precursor lesion to fibrolamellar carcinoma has been identified. (medscape.com)

Anatomy15

Organisms3

Diseases112

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment54

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science5

Health Care16

Immune responses to all ErbB family receptors detectable in serum of cancer patients. (1/8912)

Development of a sensitive, specific reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction-based assay for epithelial tumour cells in effusions. (2/8912)

Genomic structure and alterations of homeobox gene CDX2 in colorectal carcinomas. (3/8912)

Analysis of TSG101 tumour susceptibility gene transcripts in cervical and endometrial cancers. (4/8912)

Intensive weekly chemotherapy is not effective in advanced pancreatic cancer patients: a report from the Italian Group for the Study of Digestive Tract Cancer (GISCAD). (5/8912)

Peritoneal cytology in the surgical evaluation of gastric carcinoma. (6/8912)

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH), malignancy grade and clonality in microdissected prostate cancer. (7/8912)

Expression of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase mRNA plays an important role in the prognosis of patients with oesophageal cancer. (8/8912)

Carcinoma

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Carcinoma in Situ

Carcinoma, Papillary

Liver Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast

Carcinoma, Basal Cell

Immunohistochemistry

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic

Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic

Carcinoma, Small Cell

Tumor Markers, Biological

Carcinoma, Medullary

Adenocarcinoma

Carcinoma, Lobular

Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine

Neoplasm Invasiveness

Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms

Cell Line, Tumor

Prognosis

Thyroid Neoplasms

Breast Neoplasms

Neoplasm Staging

Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic

Tumor Cells, Cultured

Lung Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid

Carcinoma, Adenosquamous

Carcinoma, Endometrioid

Head and Neck Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Embryonal

Esophageal Neoplasms

Mouth Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Merkel Cell

Carcinoma, Ductal

Lymphatic Metastasis

Ovarian Neoplasms

Adrenocortical Carcinoma

Colonic Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Verrucous

Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell

Neoplasm Metastasis

Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Stomach Neoplasms

Neoplasm Proteins

Skin Neoplasms

Neoplasm Recurrence, Local

Mice, Nude

Carcinoma, Large Cell

DNA, Neoplasm

Laryngeal Neoplasms

Antineoplastic Agents

Retrospective Studies

Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Immunoenzyme Techniques

RNA, Messenger

Neoplasm Transplantation

Neoplasms, Multiple Primary

Survival Rate

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular

Survival Analysis

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous

Treatment Outcome

Antigens, Neoplasm

Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Precancerous Conditions

Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular

Gallbladder Neoplasms

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung

Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Endometrial Neoplasms

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell

Disease Progression

Colorectal Neoplasms

Cell Proliferation

alpha-Fetoproteins