Carcinoembryonic antigen. Medical search

A glycoprotein that is secreted into the luminal surface of the epithelia in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the feces and pancreaticobiliary secretions and is used to monitor the response to colon cancer treatment.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON.

Carbohydrate antigens expressed by malignant tissue. They are useful as tumor markers and are measured in the serum by means of a radioimmunoassay employing monoclonal antibodies.

Sialylated Lewis blood group carbohydrate antigen found in many adenocarcinomas of the digestive tract, especially pancreatic tumors.

Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion. Their functions include the assembly and interconnection of various vertebrate systems, as well as maintenance of tissue integration, wound healing, morphogenic movements, cellular migrations, and metastasis.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

A type I keratin found associated with KERATIN-7 in ductal epithelia and gastrointestinal epithelia.

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.

Carbohydrate antigen elevated in patients with tumors of the breast, ovary, lung, and prostate as well as other disorders. The mucin is expressed normally by most glandular epithelia but shows particularly increased expression in the breast at lactation and in malignancy. It is thus an established serum marker for breast cancer.

Serological tumor marker composed of a molecular complex of cytokeratins 8, 18, and 19. It is used in the diagnosis and staging of bronchogenic carcinoma.

A malignant neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. The neoplastic cells manifest varying degrees of anaplasia and invasiveness, and local extension and metastases occur. Cystadenocarcinomas develop frequently in the ovaries, where pseudomucinous and serous types are recognized. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

Compounds that contain the Cl(=O)(=O)(=O)O- structure. Included under this heading is perchloric acid and the salts and ester forms of perchlorate.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

The first alpha-globulins to appear in mammalian sera during FETAL DEVELOPMENT and the dominant serum proteins in early embryonic life.

A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.

Tumors or cancer of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, from the MOUTH to the ANAL CANAL.

Immunoglobulins induced by antigens specific for tumors other than the normally occurring HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS.

Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

A type I keratin expressed predominately in gastrointestinal epithelia, MERKEL CELLS, and the TASTE BUDS of the oral mucosa.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

A subclass of lipid-linked proteins that contain a GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL LINKAGE which holds them to the CELL MEMBRANE.

Liquid material found in epithelial-lined closed cavities or sacs.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Glycoproteins with the electrophoretic mobility of BETA-GLOBULINS, secreted by the placental TROPHOBLASTS into the maternal bloodstream during PREGNANCY. They can be detected 18 days after OVULATION and reach 200 mg/ml at the end of pregnancy. They are associated with fetal well-being.

Partial immunoglobulin molecules resulting from selective cleavage by proteolytic enzymes or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines designed to prevent or treat cancer. Vaccines are produced using the patient's own whole tumor cells as the source of antigens, or using tumor-specific antigens, often recombinantly produced.

A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm but is often wrongly used as a synonym for "cancer." (From Dorland, 27th ed)

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.

A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. In some instances, considerable portions of the neoplasm, or even the entire mass, may be cystic. (Stedman, 25th ed)

The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.

Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.

Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.

A specific HLA-A surface antigen subtype. Members of this subtype contain alpha chains that are encoded by the HLA-A*02 allele family.

Carbohydrate antigen most commonly seen in tumors of the ovary and occasionally seen in breast, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract tumors and normal tissue. CA 125 is clearly tumor-associated but not tumor-specific.

Use of radiolabeled antibodies for diagnostic imaging of neoplasms. Antitumor antibodies are labeled with diverse radionuclides including iodine-131, iodine-123, indium-111, or technetium-99m and injected into the patient. Images are obtained by a scintillation camera.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.

Washing out of the peritoneal cavity. The procedure is a diagnostic as well as a therapeutic technique following abdominal trauma or inflammation.

A genus of the family POXVIRIDAE, subfamily CHORDOPOXVIRINAE, comprising bird poxviruses. The type species is FOWLPOX VIRUS. Transmission is mechanical by ARTHROPODS.

Antibodies which react with the individual structural determinants (idiotopes) on the variable region of other antibodies.

Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.

The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site.

A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, CD15 antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen.

Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.

Radiotherapy where cytotoxic radionuclides are linked to antibodies in order to deliver toxins directly to tumor targets. Therapy with targeted radiation rather than antibody-targeted toxins (IMMUNOTOXINS) has the advantage that adjacent tumor cells, which lack the appropriate antigenic determinants, can be destroyed by radiation cross-fire. Radioimmunotherapy is sometimes called targeted radiotherapy, but this latter term can also refer to radionuclides linked to non-immune molecules (see RADIOTHERAPY).

Antigens determined by leukocyte loci found on chromosome 6, the major histocompatibility loci in humans. They are polypeptides or glycoproteins found on most nucleated cells and platelets, determine tissue types for transplantation, and are associated with certain diseases.

Antibodies, often monoclonal, in which the two antigen-binding sites are specific for separate ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS. They are artificial antibodies produced by chemical crosslinking, fusion of HYBRIDOMA cells, or by molecular genetic techniques. They function as the main mediators of targeted cellular cytotoxicity and have been shown to be efficient in the targeting of drugs, toxins, radiolabeled haptens, and effector cells to diseased tissue, primarily tumors.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Molecules on the surface of B- and T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with specific antigens.

Glycoproteins with a wide distribution on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells and strongly expressed on macrophages. CD58 mediates cell adhesion by binding to CD2; (ANTIGENS, CD2); and this enhances antigen-specific T-cell activation.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Mutant mice homozygous for the recessive gene "nude" which fail to develop a thymus. They are useful in tumor studies and studies on immune responses.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Tumors or cancer of the SIGMOID COLON.

A hydro-lyase that catalyzes the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to form PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE. Several different isoforms of this enzyme exist, each with its own tissue specificity.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

Tumors or cancer of the CECUM.

Transplantation between animals of different species.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Substances of fungal origin that have antigenic activity.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.

A carcinoma composed mainly of epithelial elements with little or no stroma. Medullary carcinomas of the breast constitute 5%-7% of all mammary carcinomas; medullary carcinomas of the thyroid comprise 3%-10% of all thyroid malignancies. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1141; Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

Form of radioimmunoassay in which excess specific labeled antibody is added directly to the test antigen being measured.

An adenocarcinoma producing mucin in significant amounts. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

The segment of LARGE INTESTINE between the CECUM and the RECTUM. It includes the ASCENDING COLON; the TRANSVERSE COLON; the DESCENDING COLON; and the SIGMOID COLON.

Any part or derivative of a helminth that elicits an immune reaction. The most commonly seen helminth antigens are those of the schistosomes.

Presence of fluid in the PLEURAL CAVITY as a complication of malignant disease. Malignant pleural effusions often contain actual malignant cells.

A true cyst of the PANCREAS, distinguished from the much more common PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST by possessing a lining of mucous EPITHELIUM. Pancreatic cysts are categorized as congenital, retention, neoplastic, parasitic, enterogenous, or dermoid. Congenital cysts occur more frequently as solitary cysts but may be multiple. Retention cysts are gross enlargements of PANCREATIC DUCTS secondary to ductal obstruction. (From Bockus Gastroenterology, 4th ed, p4145)

Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.

The major group of transplantation antigens in the mouse.

A group of closely-related 72-74-kDa heterogeneous-nuclear ribonucleoproteins that are involved in RNA SPLICING events.

The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Techniques used to demonstrate or measure an immune response, and to identify or measure antigens using antibodies.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

The type species of the genus AVIPOXVIRUS. It is the etiologic agent of FOWLPOX.

Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).

Diseases in any part of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the accessory organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).

A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults.

Complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature T-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL). The CD3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). When antigen binds to the T-cell receptor, the CD3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the T-cell. The CD3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA).

The extracellular moiety of the POLYMERIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN RECEPTOR found alone or complexed with IGA or IGM, in a variety of external secretions (tears, bile, colostrum.) Secretory component is derived by proteolytic cleavage of the receptor during transcytosis. When immunoglobulins IgA and IgM are bound to the receptor, during their transcytosis secretory component becomes covalently attached to them generating SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A or secretory IMMUNOGLOBULIN M.

A subclass of HLA-D antigens that consist of alpha and beta chains. The inheritance of HLA-DR antigens differs from that of the HLA-DQ ANTIGENS and HLA-DP ANTIGENS.

Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.

Those proteins recognized by antibodies from serum of animals bearing tumors induced by viruses; these proteins are presumably coded for by the nucleic acids of the same viruses that caused the neoplastic transformation.

A type II keratin found associated with KERATIN-19 in ductal epithelia and gastrointestinal epithelia.

Positive test results in subjects who do not possess the attribute for which the test is conducted. The labeling of healthy persons as diseased when screening in the detection of disease. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Exfoliate neoplastic cells circulating in the blood and associated with metastasizing tumors.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the lymphatic system.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.

Univalent antigen-binding fragments composed of one entire IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN and the amino terminal end of one of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS from the hinge region, linked to each other by disulfide bonds. Fab contains the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGIONS, which are part of the antigen-binding site, and the first IMMUNOGLOBULIN CONSTANT REGIONS. This fragment can be obtained by digestion of immunoglobulins with the proteolytic enzyme PAPAIN.

Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (ANTIGENS, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor structure, composed of either alpha-beta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA) or gamma-delta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA) chains.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CD28 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD80 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a costimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.

A species of the CORONAVIRUS genus causing hepatitis in mice. Four strains have been identified as MHV 1, MHV 2, MHV 3, and MHV 4 (also known as MHV-JHM, which is neurotropic and causes disseminated encephalomyelitis with demyelination as well as focal liver necrosis).

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

A group of antigens that includes both the major and minor histocompatibility antigens. The former are genetically determined by the major histocompatibility complex. They determine tissue type for transplantation and cause allograft rejections. The latter are systems of allelic alloantigens that can cause weak transplant rejection.

Any of numerous agile, hollow-horned RUMINANTS of the genus Capra, in the family Bovidae, closely related to the SHEEP.

Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.

Commercially prepared reagent sets, with accessory devices, containing all of the major components and literature necessary to perform one or more designated diagnostic tests or procedures. They may be for laboratory or personal use.

Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.

The conic organs which usually give outlet to milk from the mammary glands.

A graphic means for assessing the ability of a screening test to discriminate between healthy and diseased persons; may also be used in other studies, e.g., distinguishing stimuli responses as to a faint stimuli or nonstimuli.

Classification of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. (1/2094)

Eleven human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines established in this laboratory were classified into three groups based on morphological features (light and electron microscopy), modal chromosome number, and ability to synthesize carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Group 1 cell lines contained both dedifferentiated and differentiating cells growing in tight clusters or islands of epithelium-like cells; their modal chromosome number was about 47, and they synthesized small to moderate amounts of CEA. Group 2 cell lines were more dedifferentiated, were hyperdiploid, and synthesized small amounts of CEA. Group 3 cell lines were morphologically similar to those of Group 1 by light microscopy. They differed ultrastructurally by containing microvesicular bodies; the modal chromosome number varied from hyperdiploid to hypertriploid or they had bimodal populations of hypodiploid and hypertriploid cells, and they synthesized relatively large amounts of CEA. No correlation could be found between Broder's grade or Duke's classification of the original tumor and modal chromosome number or ability to synthesize CEA. These findings support Nowell's hypothesis that the stem line is different for each solid tumor, which makes it difficult to relate chromosomal changes to the initiation of the neoplastic state. (+info)

Marimastat in recurrent colorectal cancer: exploratory evaluation of biological activity by measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen. (2/2094)

Marimastat is a specific inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases that has been shown to be effective in cancer models. A pilot, escalating-dose study of oral marimastat was performed in patients with recurrent colorectal cancer, in whom evaluation of serological response was made by measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. The study assessed the safety and tolerability of 4 weeks administration of marimastat, and determined a dose range producing detectable serological effects. Patients were recruited with a serum CEA level greater than 5 ng ml(-1), and rising by more than 25% over a 4-week screening period. Patients were treated for 28 days and entered into a continuation protocol if a serological response or clinical benefit was observed. Pharmacokinetic and safety data determined that groups of patients were recruited sequentially at 25 mg and 50 mg twice daily, and, thereafter, 10 mg twice daily, 10 mg once daily, 5 mg once daily and 20 mg once daily. A biological effect (BE) was defined as a CEA value on day 28 no greater than on day 0; a partial biological effect (PBE) was defined as a rise in CEA over the 28-day treatment period of less than 25%. Of 70 patients recruited, 63 completed the 28-day treatment period, and 55 were eligible for cancer antigen analysis. Examination of the dose-effect relationships provides evidence for a causal relationship between marimastat and biological effects: the proportion of patients with BE or PBE was higher with twice daily dosing (16 out of 25, 64%) than with once daily dosing (11 out of 30, 37%) (P = 0.043, chi2 test). Furthermore, the median rates of rise of CEA fell markedly during treatment compared with the screening period for patients receiving twice daily marimastat (P<0.0001), but not for patients receiving marimastat once daily (P = 0.25). Musculoskeletal adverse events emerged as the principal drug-related toxicity of marimastat, occurring in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. It was concluded that marimastat was associated with dose-dependent biological effects in cancer patients. The occurrence of musculoskeletal side-effects define 25 mg twice daily as the upper limit of the dose range for continuous use in further studies. Therefore, a dose range of 20 mg once daily to 25 mg twice daily seems appropriate for further studies, which should aim to demonstrate the efficacy of the drug in terms of conventional clinical end points and describe the long-term tolerability of this novel agent. (+info)

Detection of occult lymph node metastases in esophageal cancer by minimally invasive staging combined with molecular diagnostic techniques. (3/2094)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Lymph node metastases are the most important prognostic factor in patients with esophageal cancer. Histologic examination misses micrometastases in up to 20% of lymph nodes evaluated. In addition, non-invasive imaging modalities are not sensitive enough to detect small lymph nodes metastases. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of messenger RNA (mRNA) for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) to increase the detection of micrometastases in lymph nodes from patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS: RT-PCR of CEA mRNA was performed in lymph nodes from patients with malignant and benign esophageal disease. Each specimen was examined histopathologically and by RT-PCR and the results were compared. RESULTS: Metastases were present in 29 of 60 (48%) lymph nodes sample by minimally invasive staging from 13 patients with esophageal cancer when examined histopathologically. RT-PCR identified nodal metastases in 46 of these 60 (77%) samples. RT-PCR detected CEA mRNA in all 29 histologically positive samples and in 17 histologically negative lymph nodes. All lymph nodes from patients with benign disease (n = 15) were negative both histopathologically and by RT-PCR. The stage of two patients was reclassified based on the RT-PCR results, which identified lymph node spread undetected histopathologically. Both of these patients developed recurrent disease after resection of the primary tumor. CONCLUSIONS: RT-PCR is more sensitive than histologic examination in the detection of lymph node metastases in esophageal cancer and can lead to diagnosis of a more advanced stage in some patients. The combination of minimally invasive surgical techniques in combination with new molecular diagnostic techniques may improve our ability to stage cancer patients. (+info)

The role of tumour markers in predicting skeletal metastases in breast cancer patients with equivocal bone scintigraphy. (4/2094)

Bone scintigraphy (BS) is commonly performed in the staging and postoperative monitoring of breast cancer. Nevertheless, due to low specificity it often demonstrates hot spots with equivocal interpretation, which may be misleading in the management of these patients. The aim of this study was to assess the value of a serum tumour marker panel in selecting among the patients with equivocal BS those with bone metastases. Between January 1986 and December 1995, 297 breast cancer patients were followed-up after mastectomy with serial determinations of a CEA-TPA-CA15.3 tumour marker panel, BS and liver echography. The tumour marker panel was used to select patients with equivocal BS for examination of suspicious bone areas by further imaging techniques. Up to December 1995, 158 (53%) patients showed an equivocal BS and 47 patients developed bone metastases. In the 158 patients with equivocal BS, prolonged clinical and imaging follow-up over 45 months (mean; range 12-120) was used to ascertain the presence or absence of bone metastases. In these 158 patients the negative predictive value and positive predictive value of the tumour marker panel to predict bone metastases was 97% and 75% respectively. This study shows that in breast cancer patients the CEA-TPA-CA15.3 tumour marker panel has a high value in selecting those patients with bone metastases, or at high risk of developing clinically-evident bone metastases, among the large number of subjects with equivocal BS. (+info)

Serum YKL-40 and colorectal cancer. (5/2094)

YKL-40 is a mammalian member of the chitinase protein family. Although the function of YKL-40 is unknown, the pattern of its expression suggests a function in remodelling or degradation of extracellular matrix. High serum YKL-40 has been found in patients with recurrent breast cancer and has been related to short survival. In the present study we analysed YKL-40 in preoperative sera from patients with colorectal cancer and evaluated its relation to survival. Serum YKL-40 was determined by RIA in 603 patients. Survival after operation was registered, and median follow-up time was 61 months. Three hundred and forty patients died. Sixteen per cent of the patients with Dukes' A, 26% with Dukes' B, 19% with Dukes' C and 39% with Dukes' D had high serum YKL-40 levels (adjusted for age). Analysis of serum YKL-40 as a continuous variable showed an association between increased serum YKL-40 and short survival (P < 0.0001). Patients with high preoperative serum YKL-40 concentration had significantly shorter survival than patients with normal YKL-40 (HR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.3-2.1, P < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox analysis including serum YKL-40, serum CEA, Dukes' stage, age and gender showed that high YKL-40 was an independent prognostic variable for short survival (HR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1-1.8, P = 0.007). These results suggest that YKL-40 may play an important role in tumour invasion. (+info)

Intratumoral distribution of radiolabeled antibody and radioimmunotherapy in experimental liver metastases model of nude mouse. (6/2094)

The biodistribution and intratumoral distribution of radiolabeled anticarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody in experimental liver metastases and the therapeutic effect of 131I-labeled anti-CEA antibody on the metastases were studied. METHODS: Three weeks after an intrasplenic injection of human colon cancer cells, mice received an intravenous injection of 125I- or 111In-labeled anti-CEA antibody F33-104. The biodistribution and tumor penetration of radiolabeled antibody were examined by using quantitative autoradiography. To evaluate the therapeutic effect, 5.55, 9.25 or 11.1 MBq (150, 250 or 300 microCi) 131I-labeled F33-104 were injected into groups of mice that had micrometastases smaller than 1 mm. Control groups were injected with phosphate-buffered saline or 131I-labeled control antibody. Mice were killed 3 wk later to determine the size of liver metastases. RESULTS: 1251-labeled F33-104 showed a high accumulation in the liver metastases (percentage of injected dose per gram of metastases [%ID/g] >24%, metastasis-to-liver ratio >9.8, metastasis-to-blood ratio >2.1); however, its accumulation was heterogeneous or peripheral in the nodules more than 1 mm in diameter. When the antibody dose was increased, antibody penetration was improved, but tumor uptake of radioactivity and specificity ratios decreased. In mice with large metastases, radioactivity in the normal tissue was lower than that in mice with small metastases, resulting in higher metastasis-to-background ratios. 111In-labeled antibody showed even higher tumor uptake than 125I-labeled antibody (>51 %ID/g). Metastases formation was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by 131I-labeled F33-104 injection (5 of 8 mice had no macroscopic tumor after an injection of 5.55 MBq (150 microCi), and all mice had no visible metastasis after an injection of 9.25 or 11.1 MBq [250 or 300 microCi]), whereas tumor progression was seen in the control groups. CONCLUSION: Liver metastases had easy accessibility to the antibody. Micrometastases of less than 0.5 mm in diameter showed homogeneous intratumoral distribution of injected antibody and were successfully treated with 131I-labeled antibody. Very high uptake and satisfactory metastasis-to-liver ratios with 111In-labeled antibody suggest that the use of a radiometal with high beta-energy, such as 90Y or 188Re, is preferable for the successful radioimmunotherapy of metastases larger than 1 mm. (+info)

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor metastases to the thyroid gland: differential diagnosis with medullary thyroid carcinoma. (7/2094)

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) of the thyroid gland are rare. Apart from medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), metastases of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) NET may also occur. Features of six patients (five men, one female: age range, 39-67 years) with thyroid metastases from a GEP-NET are described. Thyroid metastases were bilateral in all patients and were associated with enlarged neck lymph nodes in five. In four cases, the thyroid tumor was either the first sign of the disease (n = 2) or was an isolated site of recurrence (n = 2). The tumors were well (n = 3) or poorly differentiated (n = 3). Five tumors for which the primary site could be determined corresponded to foregut-derived tumors (3 lungs, 1 thymus and 1 pancreatic NET). One tumor demonstrated calcitonin (CT) production as shown by immunohistochemistry and elevated plasma CT levels. However, the disease history and the clinical features strongly favored a metastasizing GEP-NET. No tumoral RET proto-oncogene mutation was found in this patient. The differential diagnosis between metastatic GEP-NET and MTC is crucial because prognosis, work-up, and treatment differ greatly. (+info)

Roles of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen and calcitonin in diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: a comparative study. (8/2094)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and calcitonin (CT) were simultaneously determined in sera and tumor tissues from 15 patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT). Serum CEA was increased in all but one patient, and CT did in all of them. Both levels were significantly related to the weight of excised tumor, but not to the presence of metastasis. Furthermore, a significant correlation was noted between the basal levels of CT and CEA. Both levels fell to normal after a radical operation had been performed. Tissue concentrations of CEA and CT in the MCT were more than 100 times those in hyperthyroidism, and the ratios of tissue over serum levels averaged 770 in CEA and 1000 in CT. In the calcium infusion test, CEA levels were not significantly changed in contrast with a distinct increase in CT levels. The results indicate that CEA and CT represent separate activities of the tumor cells, and that circulating CEA together with CT is a useful indicator in the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease. (+info)

In humans, the carcinoembryonic antigen family consists of 29 genes, 18 of which are normally expressed. The following is a ... Carcinoembryonic+Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) CEA at Lab Tests Online CEA: ... Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) describes a set of highly related glycoproteins involved in cell adhesion. CEA is normally ... Asad-Ur-Rahman F, Saif MW (June 2016). "Elevated Level of Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Search for a Malignancy: A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoembryonic_antigen

... is a nine amino acid peptide fragment of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a protein that is ... Synonyms: CAP-1 Carcinoembryonic Antigen Peptide-1 Carcinoembryonic Peptide-1 CEA Peptide 1 CEA Peptide 9-mer National Cancer ... Institute Definition of carcinoembryonic antigen peptide 1 v t e v t e (Articles with short description, Short description ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoembryonic_antigen_peptide-1

Fletcher RH (1986). "Carcinoembryonic antigen". Ann. Intern. Med. 104 (1): 66-73. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-104-1-66. PMID 3510056 ... the sensitivity and specificity change between different sub-groups of patients may be found with the carcinoembryonic antigen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum_bias

Clarke, C.; Hine, K. R.; Dykes, P. W.; Whitehead, T. P.; Whitfield, A. G. (1980). "Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Smoking". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_George_Williams_Whitfield

In addition, she showed that carcinoembryonic antigen forms dimers in solution and was the first to demonstrate that human Band ... Lisowska, Elwira; Krop-Watorek, Anna; Sedlaczek, Pawel (1983). "The dimeric structure of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)". ... For many years Lisowska worked on the M and N antigens. She identified that these antigens were carried by the glycosylated ... which is the cause of NOR polyagglutination and a member of the human P1PK antigen system. and showed that the NOR antigen is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elwira_Lisowska

Costanza ME, Das S, Nathanson L, Rule A, Schwartz RS (1974). "Carcinoembryonic antigen.Report of a screening study". Cancer. 33 ... Costanza's early research was on the carcinoembryonic antigen as a screening tool for cancer. Her subsequent research compared ... Costanza, Mary E.; Pinn, Vivian; Schwartz, Robert S.; Nathanson, Larry (1973-09-06). "Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Antibody ... Costanza, Mary E.; Pinn, Vivian; Schwartz, Robert S.; Nathanson, Larry (1973-09-06). "Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Antibody ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_E._Costanza

Oncofetal antigens are another important class of tumor antigens. Examples are alphafetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic ... mutant protein antigens, oncogenic viral antigens, cancer-testis antigens and vascular or stromal specific antigens. Tissue ... and some viral antigens are also cancer antigens. Cancer-testis antigens are antigens expressed primarily in the germ cells of ... Certain tumor antigens are thus used as tumor markers. More importantly, tumor antigens can be used in cancer therapy as tumor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_antigen

Carcinoembryonic Antigen(CEA) at MedicineNet Luboldt, Hans-Joachim; Schindler, Joachim F.; Rübben, Herbert (2007). "Age- ... June 2008). "Reference intervals for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA125, MUC1, Alfa-foeto-protein (AFP), neuron-specific ... Specific Reference Ranges for Prostate-Specific Antigen as a Marker for Prostate Cancer". EAU-EBU Update Series. 5 (1): 38-48. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_blood_tests

"Carcinoembryonic antigen: evidence for multiple antigenic determinants and isoantigens". Proceedings of the National Academy of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Vrba

"Specific binding members for human carcinoembryonic antigen, materials and methods". Patents.google.com. Retrieved 1 August ... Specific binding members for human carcinoembryonic antigen, materials and methods EP0906571 - Labelling and selection of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Osbourn

... the nonspecific cross-reacting antigen of carcinoembryonic antigen". Cancer Res. 57 (24): 5460-5464. PMID 9407950. Kawaharata H ... p95, or NCA-90, is related to carcinoembryonic antigens, which have been found to reduce drug toxicity by Kawaharata et al. NCI ... Hinoda Y, Itoh F, Endo T, Oikawa S, Nakazato H, Imai K (July 1997). "Decreased sensitivity of carcinoembryonic antigen cDNA- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H19_(gene)

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) also known as CD66e (Cluster of Differentiation 66e), is a ... August 1987). "Carcinoembryonic antigen family: expression in a mouse L-cell transfectant and characterization of a partial ... "Entrez Gene: CEACAM5 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5". Beauchemin N, Arabzadeh A (December 2013). " ... PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Carcinoembryonic antigen-related ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEACAM5

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8 (CEACAM8) also known as CD66b (Cluster of Differentiation 66b), is a ... "Entrez Gene: CEACAM8 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8". Khan WN, Frängsmyr L, Teglund S, et al. (1992 ... 2002). "Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 expression and signaling in human, mouse, and rat leukocytes ... PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Carcinoembryonic antigen-related ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEACAM8

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEACAM7 gene. ... "Entrez Gene: CEACAM7 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 7". Human CEACAM7 genome location and CEACAM7 gene ... 2000). "Carcinoembryonic antigen family members CEACAM6 and CEACAM7 are differentially expressed in normal tissues and ... 1989). "Analysis of the size of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family: isolation and sequencing of N-terminal domain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEACAM7

... is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family.. This gene encodes a member of the family of carcinoembryonic ... Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 3 (CEACAM3) also known as CD66d (Cluster of Differentiation 66d), ... "Entrez Gene: CEACAM3 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 3". CEACAM3: an innate immune receptor directed ... 1989). "Analysis of the size of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family: isolation and sequencing of N-terminal domain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEACAM3

Sajid KM, Chaouachi K, Mahmood R (May 2008). "Hookah smoking and cancer: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in exclusive/ ... Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a marker found in several forms of cancer. Levels in exclusive hookah smokers were lower ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_of_tobacco

... and a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family. This gene encodes a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA ... "Immunochemical analysis of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related antigens differentially localized in intracellular granules ... Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (biliary glycoprotein) (CEACAM1) also known as CD66a (Cluster of ... "Entrez Gene: CEACAM1 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (biliary glycoprotein)". Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEACAM1

In these trials AAV has been used to deliver Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). CEA is normally produced in the gastric tissue of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncolytic_AAV

"Immunologic characterization and molecular profile of carcinoembryonic antigen detected by monoclonal antibodies". J Immunol. ... He is well known for the discovery of a melanoma-related antigen (later, it is called, Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan-4 ( ... Imai K, Ng AK, Ferrone S (1981). "Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to human melanoma-associated antigens". J Natl ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohzoh_Imai

These genes belong to a specific gene family; they are a subgroup of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family of genes. CEAs ... Khan WN, Hammarström S (1989). "Carcinoembryonic antigen gene family: molecular cloning of cDNA for a PS beta G/FL-NCA ... Khan WN, Osterman A, Hammarström S (May 1989). "Molecular cloning and expression of cDNA for a carcinoembryonic antigen-related ... Zoubir F, Khan WN, Hammarström S (May 1990). "Carcinoembryonic antigen gene family members in submandibular salivary gland: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSG1_(gene)

Speers WC, Picaso LG, Silverberg SG (1983). "Immunohistochemical localization of carcinoembryonic antigen in microglandular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microglandular_hyperplasia

Sajid, Khan; Chaouachi, Kamal; Mahmood, Rubaida (2008). "Full text , Hookah smoking and cancer: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hookah

Carcinoembryonic antigen blood level measurements follow the same timing, but are only advised for people with T2 or greater ... Steele N, Haigh R, Knowles G, Mackean M (September 2007). "Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) testing in colorectal cancer follow ... It has been suggested that the presence of antibodies to Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus antigens or the antigens themselves ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorectal_cancer

... carcinoembryonic antigen) and AFP (alpha fetoprotein). The genes for these tumor markers may be used as promoter genes for ... February 2012). "Exposed proliferation antigen 210 (XPA-210) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and oncocytoma: clinical utility and ... cytosolic thymidine kinase as compared to proliferating cell nuclear antigen in patients with colorectal carcinoma". Anticancer ... immunohistochemical detection of cytosolic thymidine kinase and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in breast cancer". Cancer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymidine_kinase

... a putative intercellular adhesion molecule closely related to carcinoembryonic antigen". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. ... Human CD Antigen Chart (eBioscience) Mouse CD Antigen Chart (eBioscience) Human PECAM1 genome location and PECAM1 gene details ... a putative intercellular adhesion molecule closely related to carcinoembryonic antigen". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. ... Malignant endothelial cells also commonly retain the antigen, so that CD31 immunohistochemistry can also be used to demonstrate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD31

"Immunoglobulin transcripts and molecular history of a hybridoma that produces antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen". Gene. 40 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Riggs_(geneticist)

"Immunological heterogeneity of carcinoembryonic antigen: antigenic determinants on carcinoembryonic antigen distinguished by ... Arcitumomab recognizes carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), an antigen over-expressed in 95% of colorectal cancers. Consequently, ... anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibodies labeled with 99mTc: the role of metabolism and kinetics". Cancer Research. 55 (23 ... cells in colorectal cancer patients by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for carcinoembryonic antigen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technetium_(99mTc)_arcitumomab

Another example is carcinoembryonic antigen, which is elevated in people with colon cancer and other tumors. Other oncofetal ... also known as oncofetal antigen protein). Oncofetal antigens are promising targets for vaccination against several types of ... Oncofetal antigens are proteins which are typically present only during fetal development but are found in adults with certain ... One example of an oncofetal antigen is alpha-fetoprotein, which is produced by hepatocellular carcinoma and some germ cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncofetal_antigen

A second marker, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), also produced by medullary thyroid carcinoma, is released into the blood and ... The prognostic value of measuring calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentrations in the blood was studied in 65 ... "Prognostic impact of serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen doubling-times in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma ... "Prognostic impact of serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen doubling-times in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medullary_thyroid_cancer

"Prognostic impact of serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen doubling-times in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_cancer

... discovered Carcinoembryonic antigen Jules T. Freund (1890-1960) Sankar Ghosh John Grange (1943-2016) Waldemar Haffkine (1860- ... isolation and partial characterization of A and B blood antigens Jian Zhou (1957-1999), with co-inventor Ian Frazer has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_immunologists

PRRs also mediate the initiation of antigen-specific adaptive immune response and release of inflammatory cytokines. The ... In addition, many of acquired nonself surfaces e.g. carcinoembryonic/oncofetal type neoantigens carrying "internal danger ... Tissue Antigens. 68 (3): 193-209. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00649.x. PMC 7169806. PMID 16948640. Bahar O, Pruitt R, Luu DD, ... Blood DC antigen 2 (BDCA2) ( CLEC4C), and Mincle i.e. macrophage‑inducible C‑type lectin (CLEC4E). The nomenclature (mannose ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_recognition_receptor

... carcinoembryonic antigen - carrier - carrier protein - CAS registry number - casein - catabolism - catalyst - catalytic domain ... CCR5 receptor - CD4 antigen - CD45 antigen - CD95 antigen - CDC28 protein kinase - cell - cell adhesion molecule - cell biology ... T-cell antigen receptors - tachykinin - tachykinin receptor - talin protein - tandem repeat sequence - taste bud - TATA box - ... alpha-beta T-cell antigen receptor - alpha-fetoprotein - alpha-globulin - alpha-macroglobulin - alpha-MSH - Ames test - amide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_biochemistry_articles

In 1968, he co-discovered with Samuel O. Freedman the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which resulted in a blood test used in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal_General_Hospital

... matrix metalloproteinases and tumour markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen. Pleural fluid mesothelin has a sensitivity of 71 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_pleural_effusion

... with indium-111 or technetium-99m labelled epitopes of the carcinoembryonic antigen. The antibody capromab pendetide reacts ... with prostate membrane specific antigen (PMSA) and can be labelled with 111In. Indium-111 WBC scan Scintigraphy "Imaging ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoscintigraphy

This family also interacts with surfactant protein D. The carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion (CEACAM) family ... Zimmermann, Wolfgang; Kammerer, Robert (December 2016). "Coevolution of paired receptors in Xenopus carcinoembryonic antigen- ... "CD94-NKG2A recognition of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E bound to an HLA class I leader sequence". Journal of Experimental ... "Hagfish Leukocytes Express a Paired Receptor Family with a Variable Domain Resembling Those of Antigen Receptors". The Journal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paired_receptors

September 2007). "The cell adhesion receptor carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 regulates ... The encoded protein also interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Some transcripts of this gene overlap in a tail-to- ... that interacts with the p50 subunit of DNA polymerase delta and proliferating cell nuclear antigen". The Journal of Biological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POLDIP2

Hemoglobin decrease Liver function test: ALP elevated, bilirubin elevated, albumin decrease Carcinoembryonic antigen for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metastatic_liver_disease

... the intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltration characteristic of celiac sprue and stains positive for carcinoembryonic antigen ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microvillous_inclusion_disease

... like the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or the prostate specific antigen (PSA). Novel strategies will be required to identify ... Loss of tumor antigen expression is another cause of escape from immune recognition. This occurs because most tumor antigens ... Most tumor antigens are not oncoantigens, either because they are intracellular molecules, like cancer-testis antigen such as ... An oncoantigen is a surface or soluble tumor antigen that supports tumor growth. A major problem of cancer immunotherapy is the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncoantigen

Levels of the tumor markers carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA 125 are abnormally high ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klatskin_tumor

... carcinoembryonic antigen; however, only hTERT promoter was found to enter clinic trials. This is majorly because of the low ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicide_gene

Carcinoembryonic antigen, a protein found in the blood as a marker for some types of cancer Certified Audio Engineer, a ... a piece of legislation regulating the sale of commodities in the United States Carcinoembryonic antigen, a tumor marker for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cea

Markers used to detect eccrine carcinoma consist of carcinoembryonic antigen, progesterone receptors, estrogen receptors, ... epithelial membrane antigen, pancytokeratins, and cytokeratin 7. Wide surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccrine_carcinoma

Molecular cloning and analysis of several PSG genes has shown that PSG forms a subset of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ... Zoubir F, Khan WN, Hammarström S (May 1990). "Carcinoembryonic antigen gene family members in submandibular salivary gland: ... and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related proteins are members of the same multigene family". Biochemical and Biophysical ... "Efficient induction of T-cell responses to carcinoembryonic antigen by a heterologous prime-boost regimen using DNA and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSG2

... evaluation of the leukocyte adherence inhibition test in colorectal cancer and its correlation with carcinoembryonic antigen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Silvers

2003). "Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), neuron specific enolase (NSE), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrin-releasing_peptide

In a blood test or urine test, serum levels of tumor markers such as (alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, β-human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematocele

... and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)). Rarely, spermatocytic tumors may show sarcomatoid differentiation, most commonly as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatocytic_tumor

In 1965, he co-discovered with Phil Gold the carcinoembryonic antigen, the basis of a blood test used in the diagnosis and ... Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinomata by immunological tolerance and absorption techniques. J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_O._Freedman

Test, carcinoembryonic antigen: See: Carcinoembryonic antigen.. SLIDESHOW. Colorectal Cancer: Symptoms, Signs, Screening, ... Medical Definition of Test, carcinoembryonic antigen. *Medical Editor: Jay W. Marks, MD ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/test_carcinoembryonic_antigen/definition.htm

This page includes the following topics and synonyms: Carcinoembryonic Antigen, CEA.

https://fpnotebook.com/mobile/GI/Lab/CrcnmbryncAntgn.htm

... Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2009 Jan;36(1):104-14 ... We have developed a reporter gene based on carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a human protein with limited normal tissue ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18719907/?dopt=Abstract

This test measures a protein called carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in your blood. This protein is present on some types of ... This test measures a protein called carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in your blood. This protein is found on some types of cancer ...

https://www.ahealthyme.com/YourFamily/Women/167,carcinoembryonic_antigen

Carcinoembryonic Antigen Industry Analysis by Applications, Sampling and End User ... Carcinoembryonic Antigen market to grow at a CAGR of 15.2% during the forecast period, ... Carcinoembryonic Antigen Market Analysis, Carcinoembryonic Antigen Market trends, Carcinoembryonic Antigen Market Forecast, ... Carcinoembryonic Antigen Market Carcinoembryonic Antigen Market Research Report: Information by Application (Colorectal Cancer ...

https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/carcinoembryonic-antigen-market-772

A Study of RO6958688 in Participants With Locally Advanced and/or Metastatic Carcinoembryonic Antigen Positive Solid Tumors. ... A Study of RO6958688 in Participants With Locally Advanced and/or Metastatic Carcinoembryonic Antigen Positive Solid Tumors ... A Novel T-cell Bispecific Antibody That Targets the Human Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) on Tumor Cells and CD3 on T Cells, ... The target antigen determines the mechanism of acquired resistance to T cell-based therapies. Cell Rep. 2022 Oct 18;41(3): ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT02324257?view=results

Buy high purity Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Tumor Marker for lung and colon malignant cancer research and clinical ... 151-09 - Carcinoembryonic Antigen from human liver - Lyophilized. 151-12 - anti-Human Carcinoembryonic Antigen polyclonal ... CEA, Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5, Meconium antigen 100, CD_antigen=CD66e. ... Lee Biosolutions is a producer and supplier of high purity human Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), a marker for bowel cancer, ...

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Carcinoembryonic Antigen Market will reach USD 3.0 billion by 2024; as per a new research report.. Growing cancer prevalence in ... UK carcinoembryonic antigen market is projected to grow at significant CAGR of 6.7% over the forecast time period. Rapidly ... Males in carcinoembryonic antigen market valued around USD 1,003.2 million in the year 2017, due to lifestyle-related factors ... Hospitals in carcinoembryonic antigen market is estimated to grow substantially at a CAGR of 6.1% during the forecast timeframe ...

https://www.asdreports.com/market-research-report-602132/carcinoembryonic-antigen-market-size

Serial tumour markers serum carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 15-3 assays in detecting symptomatic metastasis in ... Clinical correlations with carcinoembryonic antigen. Cancer, 1977, 39:2397-2404.. *Falkson HC et al. Carcinoembryonic antigen ... A comparative study with carcinoembryonic antigen. Cancer, 1991, 68:574-582.. *Fletcher RH. Carcinoembryonic antigen. Annals of ... Serial tumour markers serum carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen 15-3 assays in detecting symptomatic metastasis in ...

https://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-18-2012/issue-10/article-09.html

Reflection on the discovery of carcinoembryonic antigen, prostate-specific antigen, and cancer antigens CA125 and CA19-9 ... Targeting Carcinoembryonic Antigen with DNA Vaccination: On-Target Adverse Events Link with Immunologic and Clinical Outcomes ... Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an immunoglobulin-like molecule involved in cell adhesion (11). In healthy adults, CEA is ... We report on a phase I/II clinical trial of an anti-CEA DNA fusion vaccine in patients with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)- ...

https://aacrjournals.org/clincancerres/article/22/19/4827/248834/Targeting-Carcinoembryonic-Antigen-with-DNA

The aim was to analyze the prognostic value of plasma levels of total cell-free DNA, carcinoembryonic antigen and C-reactive ... Serum carcinoembryonic antigen and C-reactive protein were analyzed by routine methods. Clinical endpoints were overall ... The aim was to analyze the prognostic value of plasma levels of total cell-free DNA, carcinoembryonic antigen and C-reactive ... Serum carcinoembryonic antigen and C-reactive protein were analyzed by routine methods. Clinical endpoints were overall ...

https://forskning.ruc.dk/da/publications/total-cell-free-dna-carcinoembryonic-antigen-and-c-reactive-prote

8.1 Analytical depiction of the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) market.. 8.2 the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) market growth ... Get more market information the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) : https://marketresearch.biz/report/carcinoembryonic-antigen-cea ... The Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Market is rigorously examined in the report while to a great extent focusing on top players ... The Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) market report focuses on the latest trends in the global and regional spaces on all the ...

https://5gigs.com/carcinoembryonic-antigen-cea-market/

Evaluation of tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin 19 fragment and cancer-associated antigen 72-4 in neoplastic ... cancer-associated antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the neoplastic and non-neoplastic canine ... cancer-associated antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the neoplastic and non-neoplastic canine ...

https://www.lume.ufrgs.br/handle/10183/118856?locale-attribute=en

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of cytology, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and amylase levels ... Carcinoembryonic antigen modestly differentiated between mucinous and nonmucinous lesions. Amylase did not distinguish IPMNs ... Carcinoembryonic antigen modestly differentiated between mucinous and nonmucinous lesions. Amylase did not distinguish IPMNs ... N2 - Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of cytology, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and amylase ...

https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/diagnostic-accuracy-of-endoscopic-ultrasound-guided-fine-needle-a

This test measures a protein called carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in your blood. This protein is present on some types of ...

https://myhealth.ucsd.edu/Library/DiseasesConditions/Adult/Pediatrics/167,carcinoembryonic_antigen

Corrigendum: Serum carcinoembryonic antigen trends for diagnosing colorectal cancer recurrence in the FACS randomized clinical ... Corrigendum: Serum carcinoembryonic antigen trends for diagnosing colorectal cancer recurrence in the FACS randomized clinical ... Monitoring carcinoembryonic antigen trend to detect colorectal cancer recurrence (British Journal of Surgery, (2018), 105, 6, ( ... Monitoring carcinoembryonic antigen trend to detect colorectal cancer recurrence (British Journal of Surgery, (2018), 105, 6, ( ...

https://www.phc.ox.ac.uk/publications/995945

Carcinoembryonic antigen. Most epithelial neoplasms of the ovary also express carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The neoplasms ... Squamous cell carcinoma antigen. The squamous cell carcinoma antigen level can be increased in patients with epidermoid ... Cancer antigen 125. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend that if the cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) ... Comparison of Sonographic Findings and Histopathologic Types Between Patients With Normal and Elevated Serum Cancer Antigen 125 ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/255771-194642/when-is-a-secondary-cytoreductive-surgery-indicated-in-the-treatment-of-ovarian-cancer

Get the best price for a Carcinoembryonic Antigen with MDsave. ... Learn how much a Carcinoembryonic Antigen costs in Florence, ... How Much Does a Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cost?. On MDsave, the cost of a Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Florence, Alabama, is $46 ... How Much Does a Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cost?. On MDsave, the cost of a Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Florence, Alabama, is $46 ... How Much Does a Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cost?. On MDsave, the cost of a Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Florence, Alabama, is $46 ...

https://www.mdsave.com/procedures/carcinoembryonic-antigen/d582ffc8/alabama/florence-al

Oto T, Ando A, Aoe M, Date H, Shimizu N. Bronchogenic Cyst with High Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen. Japanese Journal of ... Oto, T, Ando, A, Aoe, M, Date, H & Shimizu, N 2003, Bronchogenic Cyst with High Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Japanese ... A 64-year-old woman had a large subcarinal cyst accompanied by high serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) of 55.7 ng/ml removed ... N2 - A 64-year-old woman had a large subcarinal cyst accompanied by high serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) of 55.7 ng/ml ...

https://okayama.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/bronchogenic-cyst-with-high-serum-carcinoembryonic-antigen

This test measures a protein called carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in your blood. This protein is present on some types of ...

https://encyclopedia.nm.org/Library/Wellness/Safety/167,carcinoembryonic_antigen

Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level in colorectal cancer.. Authors: Batabyal, S K. Chatterji, A. Chandra, A K. Dutta, S ... Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level in colorectal cancer. Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology. 1986 Jul; 29(3): ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/74442

Blood measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen level for detecting recurrence of colorectal cancer ... Blood measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen level for detecting recurrence of colorectal cancer ...

https://www.phc.ox.ac.uk/publications/648066

Tag: carcinoembryonic-antigen. Posted on March 29, 2019 at 11:03 pm. March 29, 2019 at 11:03 pm. by John Clark ... Neutrophils and carcinoembryonic antigens. I failed my blood test again today which means chemotherapy is once again postponed ... Apparently my blood tests have shown a significant decrease in my carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level. CEA is a protein that ...

https://prayfortheclarks.com/tag/carcinoembryonic-antigen/

This Carcino Embryonic Antigen blood test is tested to detect the presence of certain cancers and can be used to monitor the ... This Carcino Embryonic Antigen blood test is tested to detect the presence of certain cancers and can be used to monitor the ... This private blood test for Carcino Embryonic Antigen in London has a guaranteed turnaround time of 1 working day or less and ... Target Turn Around Time in working days: This private blood test for Carcino Embryonic Antigen in London has a guaranteed ...

https://bloodtestslondon.com/products/carcino-embryonic-antigen-blood-test

... nor with non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA). ... a single band of 180 kD of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA ... Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1, Biliary glycoprotein 1, BGP-1, CD antigen CD66a, CEACAM1, BGP, BGP1 ... Product: anti-Carcinoembryonic Antigen mouse monoclonal, PARLAM4, ascites fluid. Art.No.: 10800. ... Product: anti-Carcinoembryonic Antigen mouse monoclonal, PARLAM4, ascites fluid. Art.No.: 10800. ...

https://us.progen.com/anti-Carcinoembryonic-Antigen-mouse-monoclonal-PARLAM4-ascites-fluid/10800

Knowledge of the structure of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is essential if we are to understand the relationship of this ...

http://dgivan.dental.uab.edu/display/pub2523068

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein normally found in very low levels in the blood of adults. The CEA blood level may ... i-Chroma CEA (Carcino Embryonic Antigen). Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein normally found in very low levels in the ... HomeShopClinical Immunologyi-Chroma II Reader Parametersi-Chroma CEA (Carcino Embryonic Antigen) ...

https://microbiology.co.ke/product/i-chroma-cea-carcino-embryonic-antigen/

... carcinoembryonic antigen) test measures CEA in a sample of blood or other body fluid. It helps check if treatment for certain ... CEA stands for carcinoembryonic antigen. CEA is a protein that is a type of "tumor marker." Tumor markers are substances that ... Test ID: CEA: Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), Pleural Fluid: Overview; [cited 2022 Dec 1]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: ... Test ID: CEASF: Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), Spinal Fluid: Overview; [cited 2022 Dec 1]; [about 1 screen]. Available from: ...

https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/cea-test/

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), immunologically identical to CEA derived from colonic carcinoma, was identified and purified ...

https://serval.unil.ch/en/notice/serval:BIB_017D72B963AD

Fifty-nine tumors from 2 human colorectal carcinoma cell lines with high (KM-12c) and low (Clone A) carcinoembryonic antigen ( ... carcinoembryonic antigen (MAb) was newly designed and tested as to whether it enhanced the accuracy of tumor detection by ... Biparatopic CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen (MAb) was newly designed and tested as to whether it enhanced the accuracy of tumor ... Fifty-nine tumors from 2 human colorectal carcinoma cell lines with high (KM-12c) and low (Clone A) carcinoembryonic antigen ( ...

https://www.oncology.ox.ac.uk/publications/178096

Serum carcinoembryonic antigen and C-reactive protein were analyzed by routine methods. (ruc.dk)
Serum carcinoembryonic antigen and C-reactive protein had similar prognostic value with short overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with elevated levels compared to those within normal range. (ruc.dk)
A 64-year-old woman had a large subcarinal cyst accompanied by high serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) of 55.7 ng/ml removed thoracoscopically. (elsevier.com)
Increased preoperative serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Cytokeratin-19 Fragment (CYFRA 21-1) levels are associated with a poor postoperative prognosis in early-stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). (heraldopenaccess.us)
Diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid to serum carcinoembryonic antigen ratio and delta value for malignant pleural effusion: findings from two cohorts. (bvsalud.org)

We have developed a reporter gene based on carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a human protein with limited normal tissue expression. (nih.gov)
This test measures a protein called carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in your blood. (ahealthyme.com)
A carcinoembryonic antigen test is generally a blood test that measures the carcinoembryonic antigen protein amount in the blood. (marketresearchfuture.com)
The aim was to analyze the prognostic value of plasma levels of total cell-free DNA, carcinoembryonic antigen and C-reactive protein in 97 heavily pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. (ruc.dk)
A high-risk profile of elevated cell-free DNA, carcinoembryonic antigen, and C-reactive protein was described, but in combined Cox regression multivariate analysis, only total cell-free DNA preserved a strong prognostic value. (ruc.dk)
In conclusion, total cell-free DNA in plasma, carcinoembryonic antigen, and C-reactive protein could all contribute to assessment of patients' prognosis and potentially aid in clinical decision making in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. (ruc.dk)
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein normally found in very low levels in the blood of adults. (co.ke)
High blood levels of a protein called carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) sometimes indicate the presence of colon cancer. (keywen.com)
Carcinoembryonic antigen: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a protein found in many types of cells but associated with tumors and the developing fetus. (keywen.com)

This Carcino Embryonic Antigen blood test is tested to detect the presence of certain cancers and can be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and also the recurrence of disease. (bloodtestslondon.com)

This study aimed to investigate the performance of tumor markers cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), cancer-associated antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the neoplastic and non-neoplastic canine effusions. (ufrgs.br)

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of cytology, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and amylase levels in the preoperative diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). (elsevier.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level in colorectal cancer. (who.int)

Additionally, intravenous administration of calcium-stimulated serum concentrations of procalcitonin (PCt) level, in addition to calcitonin (Ct) and MFNB, also confirmed elevated levels of Ct, PCt, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the aspirate samples. (jofem.org)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor-associated glycoprotein expressed in a variety of cancers. (crcm-marseille.fr)

Post COVID-19 Recovery scenarios suggest year-on-year revenue growth in the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) market during 2021. (5gigs.com)

Fifty-nine tumors from 2 human colorectal carcinoma cell lines with high (KM-12c) and low (Clone A) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression were successfully implanted subcutaneously on the backs of 42 nude mice. (ox.ac.uk)
These tumors often produce carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which a hormone produced by some cancers that can be found by taking a blood test. (keywen.com)

Serum tumor marker human Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion. (leebio.com)
The antibody is directed against a single band of 180 kD of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and shows no cross-reactivity neither with bilary glycoprotein (BGP) nor with non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA). (progen.com)

2018. " Increased Carcinoembryonic Antigen Expression On The Surface Of Lung Cancer Cells During Radiotherapy " . (uni-heidelberg.de)

Enhancement of colorectal tumor targeting using a novel biparatopic monoclonal antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen in experimental radioimmunoguided surgery. (ox.ac.uk)

Carcinoembryonic antigen tests find its application in diagnosis of various cancers including gastrointestinal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and thyroid cancer, thereby driving the global market growth. (asdreports.com)

Detection of carcinoembryonic antigen using single-domain or full-size antibodies stained with quantum dot conjugates. (crcm-marseille.fr)
We utilized domain-specific probes and polyclonal antibodies against CEA-related antigens to study sodium butyrate-induced expression of the CEA gene family in a villous adenoma-derived cell line, which is nontumorigenic in nude mice (VACO 235), and two colonic carcinoma cell lines known to respond to sodium butyrate exposure by phenotypic differentiation (HT-29 and LS 174T). (elsevier.com)

Lee Biosolutions is a producer and supplier of high purity human Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), a marker for bowel cancer, colorectal carcinoma, lung cancer research and diagnostic manufacturing. (leebio.com)

Increasing consumption of alcohol, processed food, and desk-bound lifestyles are factors that rises the commonness of cancer, and it is an opportunity for Carcinoembryonic Antigen Market. (marketresearchfuture.com)
Growing cancer prevalence in most of the developing region will be one of the major factors for the carcinoembryonic antigen market growth. (asdreports.com)
Moreover, government initiatives to increase awareness regarding early detection of cancer will fuel the demand for carcinoembryonic antigen tests, thereby augmenting the industry growth. (asdreports.com)
Growing demand for effective cancer screening services is one of the major market drivers for carcinoembryonic antigen market growth. (asdreports.com)
Hospitals in carcinoembryonic antigen market is estimated to grow substantially at a CAGR of 6.1% during the forecast timeframe, due to increased geriatric population affected with cancer. (asdreports.com)
Moreover, hospitals have high adoption rates for technologically advanced carcinoembryonic antigen tests that are utilized for cancer diagnosis and management, thereby fueling the growth of market segment. (asdreports.com)
This prospective study in Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran, assessed the value of the tumour markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 in 159 patients with primary breast cancer. (who.int)
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Cytokeratin Fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1) are two predictive markers that have been extensively studied in lung cancer[8]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
One such marker, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), may be higher than usual in people with colorectal cancer. (mayoclinic.org)
ALVAC-CEA vaccine A cancer vaccine containing a canary pox virus (ALVAC) combined with the human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene. (keywen.com)
CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen, a blood tumor marker that, when elevated, can indicate the presence of cancer. (keywen.com)
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a cancer marker. (keywen.com)
Other procedures used for colon cancer stages include lymph node biopsy, chest x-ray, surgery, and carcinoembryonic antigen assay (CEA). (colorectal-cancer.net)
Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a sialylated oligosaccharide that is most commonly found on circulating mucins in cancer patients. (medscape.com)

Your doctor checks for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and other substances in the blood. (keywen.com)

in early colon patients, the sensitivity of carcinoembryonic Antigen is low. (marketresearchfuture.com)

In particular, high levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the blood can indicate metastasis of adenocarcinoma. (keywen.com)

For diagnosis, endoscopic examination of the intestine, as well as blood tests and CEA (Carcinoembryonic antigen) a chemical produced by the colon, may be used. (com.pk)

CEA expression was correlated with tumor stage (r = 0.594, p = 0.000) before chemotherapy, whereas its expression after chemotherapy was correlated with serum levels of CA125 antigen (r = 0.658, p = 0.000). (nature.com)
Lead associated levels of this antigen were also found to be 1.9 times higher in persons carrying the double variant allele (heterozygous) and 1.6 times higher in persons carrying the wild type. (who.int)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in non digestive cancerous and normal tissues. (unil.ch)
Upper and lower digestive tract endoscopic examination and carcinoembryonic antigen showed no abnormalities, which lessened the likelihood of a tumor relapse. (cdc.gov)

Biparatopic CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen (MAb) was newly designed and tested as to whether it enhanced the accuracy of tumor detection by reducing non-specific binding in experimental radioimmunoguided surgery. (ox.ac.uk)
Smith GM, Biggs J, Norris B, Anderson-Stewart P, Ward R. Detection of a soluble form of the leukocyte surface antigen CD48 in plasma and its elevation in patients with lymphoid leukemias and arthritis. (hcdm.org)

Lack of supply chains and decrease in Carcinoembryonic Antigen Market Share in the regions due to post covid crisis is another major challenge for the market. (marketresearchfuture.com)
Apparently my blood tests have shown a significant decrease in my carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level. (prayfortheclarks.com)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a widely used tumor marker, is attached by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor motif to the cell membrane. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Pleural fluid (PF) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a widely used diagnostic marker for malignant pleural effusion (MPE). (bvsalud.org)

The Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) market companies will have to formulate long-term plans, evaluate potential scenarios, and re-orient both strategies and operations to developing market trends through regular monitoring of industry shifts and geopolitical replies. (5gigs.com)

The expression of CA125 mRNA had negative correlation with the other markers and with tumor stage and therapy response (evaluated by the measurement of serum CA125 antigen). (nature.com)

This private blood test for Carcino Embryonic Antigen in London has a guaranteed turnaround time of 1 working day or less and tests for Carcino Embryonic Antigen only. (bloodtestslondon.com)
Sometimes, the doctor may obtain a blood test for CEA (carcinoembyonic antigen). (keywen.com)
The presence of a primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the prostate was best confirmed by negative findings on gastrointestinal work-up, a positive stain for prostate-specific acid phosphatase, and negative carcinoembryonic antigen test results. (elsevier.com)

A considerable amount of heterogeneity is seen in the biosynthesis of the CEA-related glycoproteins, with each cell line showing a distinct pattern of CEA-related antigen expression from a limited number of mRNA transcripts. (elsevier.com)

This results in more CEA tests in the carcinoembryonic antigen market. (marketresearchfuture.com)

These changes include increased expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and other oncodevelopmental markers. (elsevier.com)

The research report studies the past, present, and future performance of the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) market. (5gigs.com)
The report analyses various recovery scenarios considering evolving the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) market demand, economic recovery conditions, and other global and regional changes. (5gigs.com)
The Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Market is rigorously examined in the report while to a great extent focusing on top players and their marketing strategies, geographical length, market sections, competitive landscape, and evaluating structures. (5gigs.com)

Each part of the analysis study is specially set up to investigate key aspects of the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Market. (5gigs.com)
With qualitative and quantitative analysis, we assist you with a careful and exhaustive exploration of the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Market. (5gigs.com)

Carcinoembryonic antigen and related normal antigens. (elsevier.com)

Anatomy9

Organisms6

Diseases27

Chemicals and Drugs63

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes11

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care3

Classification of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. (1/2094)

Marimastat in recurrent colorectal cancer: exploratory evaluation of biological activity by measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen. (2/2094)

Detection of occult lymph node metastases in esophageal cancer by minimally invasive staging combined with molecular diagnostic techniques. (3/2094)

The role of tumour markers in predicting skeletal metastases in breast cancer patients with equivocal bone scintigraphy. (4/2094)

Serum YKL-40 and colorectal cancer. (5/2094)

Intratumoral distribution of radiolabeled antibody and radioimmunotherapy in experimental liver metastases model of nude mouse. (6/2094)

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor metastases to the thyroid gland: differential diagnosis with medullary thyroid carcinoma. (7/2094)

Roles of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen and calcitonin in diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: a comparative study. (8/2094)

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Carcinoembryonic Antigen

Antigens, Neoplasm

Antigens

Colonic Neoplasms

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate

CA-19-9 Antigen

Cell Adhesion Molecules

Colorectal Neoplasms

Antigens, Bacterial

Antigens, Surface

Keratin-19

Adenocarcinoma

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Tumor Markers, Biological

Antigens, CD

Rectal Neoplasms

Mucin-1

Tissue Polypeptide Antigen

Cystadenocarcinoma

Antigens, Viral

Immunoenzyme Techniques

Radioimmunoassay

Epitopes

Perchlorates

Glycoproteins

alpha-Fetoproteins

Keratins

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms

Antibodies, Neoplasm

Liver Neoplasms

Keratin-20

Cross Reactions

GPI-Linked Proteins

Cyst Fluid

Antibody Specificity

Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins

Immunoglobulin Fragments

Cancer Vaccines

Carcinoma

Sensitivity and Specificity

Lung Neoplasms

Cystadenoma

Neoplasm Metastasis

Antigens, Differentiation

Iodine Radioisotopes

HLA-A2 Antigen

CA-125 Antigen

Radioimmunodetection

Molecular Sequence Data

Tumor Cells, Cultured

Antigens, Protozoan

Neoplasm Staging

Peritoneal Lavage

Avipoxvirus

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic

Neoplasm Transplantation

Prognosis

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming

Neoplasm Recurrence, Local

Antigens, CD15

Stomach Neoplasms

Radioimmunotherapy

HLA Antigens

Antibodies, Bispecific

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Receptors, Antigen

Antigens, CD58

Immunohistochemistry

Mice, Nude

Cell Line

Sigmoid Neoplasms

Phosphopyruvate Hydratase

Neoplasms

Cecal Neoplasms

Transplantation, Heterologous

Immunoglobulin G

Antigens, Fungal

Amino Acid Sequence

Immunodiffusion