AnatomyChemicals and Drugs
Carbonic Anhydrase ICarbonic AnhydrasesCarbonic Anhydrase IIMetaproterenolCarbonic Anhydrase InhibitorsErythrocytesCarbonic Anhydrase IIIIsoenzymesCarbonic Anhydrase IVAcetazolamideEthoxzolamideBenzolamideMethazolamide
Carbonic Anhydrase I
A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme primarily expressed in ERYTHROCYTES, vascular endothelial cells, and the gastrointestinal mucosa. EC 4.2.1.-
Carbonic Anhydrases
A family of zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They play an important role in the transport of CARBON DIOXIDE from the tissues to the LUNG. EC 4.2.1.1.
Carbonic Anhydrase II
A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme found widely distributed in cells of almost all tissues. Deficiencies of carbonic anhydrase II produce a syndrome characterized by OSTEOPETROSIS, renal tubular acidosis (ACIDOSIS, RENAL TUBULAR) and cerebral calcification. EC 4.2.1.-
Metaproterenol
A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
A class of compounds that reduces the secretion of H+ ions by the proximal kidney tubule through inhibition of CARBONIC ANHYDRASES.
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.
Carbonic Anhydrase III
A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme primarily expressed in skeletal muscle (MUSCLES, SKELETAL). EC 4.2.1.-
Isoenzymes
Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.
Carbonic Anhydrase IV
A membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase found in lung capillaries and kidney.
Acetazolamide
One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)
Ethoxzolamide
A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia.
Benzolamide
Selective renal carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It may also be of use in certain cases of respiratory failure.
Methazolamide
A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.

Low-avidity antibodies to carbonic anhydrase-I and -II in autoimmune chronic pancreatitis. (1/32)

Antibodies (Abs) to carbonic anhydrase (isoforms CA-I and CA-II) have been considered pathogenic factors in the development of autoimmune pancreatitis. Besides, such autoAbs might accelerate the pancreatic damage in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (CP). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of serum Abs to CA-I and CA-II in CP and the relative affinity of these Abs. Serum anti-CA-I and -CA-II Abs were measured in 89 patients with CP (48 alcoholic and 41 nonalcoholic) by an ELISA technique. The prevalence of those autoAbs in CP was compared with other autoimmune diseases where they have also been found. The presence of other serological manifestations of autoimmunity, such as hypergammaglobulinemia or antinuclear Abs, was determined in CP patients as well. Elevated serum levels of both anti-CA-I (24%) and -CA-II (18%) Abs were observed in CP, although their prevalence was lower than in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (44 and 25%, respectively) or systemic lupus erythematosus (39% for anti-CA-I Abs). Furthermore, these Abs were of low average avidity. On the other hand, a significantly higher proportion of nonalcoholic CP had anti-CA-II Abs with respect to alcoholic CP (15.2 vs. 2.4%, p < 0.05). Anti-CA-I and -CA-II Abs might be helpful in the diagnosis of autoimmune CP, and the detection of the latter Abs seems to discard alcoholic etiology. Although it does not discard any pathogenic role in autoimmune CP, the low-avidity of anti-CA Abs argues against such idea.  (+info)

Natural protein engineering: a uniquely salt-tolerant, but not halophilic, alpha-type carbonic anhydrase from algae proliferating in low- to hyper-saline environments. (2/32)

Dunaliella salina is a unicellular green alga thriving in environments ranging from fresh water to hyper-saline lakes, such as the Dead Sea. An unusual, internally duplicated, 60 kDa alpha-type carbonic anhydrase (dCA I), located on the surface of this alga, is expected to function over a broad range of salinities. It would therefore differ from other carbonic anhydrases that already lose activity at low salinities and also from halophilic proteins that require high salinities for conformational stability. Enzymatic analyses indeed indicated that dCA I retained activity at salt concentrations ranging from low salt to at least 1.5 M NaCl or KCl for CO(2) hydration, 2.0 M NaCl for esterase activity and 0.5 M for bicarbonate dehydration. Although measurements at higher salinities were constrained by the interference of salt in the respective assayed reactions, activity was noticeable even at 4.0 M NaCl. Comparisons of the internally duplicated dCA I to single-domain derivatives indicated that inter-domain interactions played a decisive role in the stability, activity, salt tolerance and pH responses of dCA I. Hence dCA I is a uniquely salt- tolerant protein, retaining an active conformation over a large range of salinities and, as a Zn metalloenzyme, largely immune to the specific inhibitory effects of anions. Its unique features make dCA I a useful model to understand the physico-chemical basis of halotolerance and protein-salt interactions in general.  (+info)

Taste buds and nerve fibers in the rat larynx: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study. (3/32)

We investigated the rat laryngeal taste buds and their innervation by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical methods. Taste buds were densely arranged in the surface facing the laryngeal cavity of the epiglottis, the aryepiglottic fold, and the cuneiform process of the arytenoid cartilages. The cells of the buds were classified into types I, II, III, and basal cells, the ultrastucture of which was almost the same as that previously reported in lingual taste buds. The type III cells that had synaptic contacts with nerve fibers were considered to be sensory cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed thick calbindin D28k-immunoreactive fibers and thin varicose fibers immunoreactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide or substance P in and around the taste bud. Serotonin-immunoreactive cells were also observed here. The results revealed the innervation pattern of laryngeal taste buds to be the same as that in lingual taste buds. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is known to catalyze the hydration of CO2 and dehydration of H2CO3, and seems to be essential in CO2 reception. Immunoreactivity for CAI was detected in slender cells and that for CAIII was observed in barrel-like cells in the laryngeal taste buds. The pH-sensitive inward rectifier K+ (Kir) channel in the cell membrane may be involved in CO2 reception as well. CAII-reactive cells were also reactive to Kir4.1, PGP 9.5 and serotonin. Our results indicated that CAII and Kir4.1 are located in type III cells of the laryngeal taste buds, and supported the idea that the buds may be involved in the recognition of CO2.  (+info)

Measurement of erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase isozymes (CA-I and CA-II) in racehorses and riding horses. (4/32)

Equine carbonic anhydrase isozymes (CA-I and CA-II) were purified from erythrocytes by several column chromatography. Polyclonal anti-CA-I and anti-CA-II sera were produced in rabbits. Sensitive competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were established to determine the developmental changes in CA-I and CA-II levels in equine erythrocytes. Concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in erythrocytes from 150 clinically normal thoroughbreds (123 racehorses and 27 riding horses) were determined by ELISA. Mean (+/- SD) concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in racehorses were 1.70 +/- 0.48 and 0.94 +/- 0.13 mg/g hemoglobin (Hb), respectively. Mean concentrations of CA-I and CA-II in riding horses were 2.34 +/- 0.52 and 0.76 +/- 0.08 mg/g Hb, respectively. When the CA levels in racehorses and riding horses were compared, the CA-I level in riding horses was higher than that in racehorses (p=0.01). The CA-II level in racehorses was higher than that in riding horses (p=0.02). These data suggest that the levels of CA isozymes in erythrocytes of racehorses were influenced by chronic physical stress. The CA-I concentration in erythrocytes of 2-month-old horses was approximately 0.25 mg/g Hb. The CA-I level noticeably increased during the first year of life and approached normal adult levels by 2 years. The CA-II level decreased slightly with age, indicating different regulation of CA-I and CA-II expression during development.  (+info)

Expression of a novel carbonic anhydrase, CA XIII, in normal and neoplastic colorectal mucosa. (5/32)

BACKGROUND: Carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozymes may have an important role in cancer development. Some isozymes control pH homeostasis in tumors that appears to modulate the behaviour of cancer cells. CA XIII is the newest member of the CA gene family. It is a cytosolic isozyme which is expressed in a number of normal tissues. The present study was designed to investigate CA XIII expression in prospectively collected colorectal tumor samples. METHODS: Both neoplastic and normal tissue specimens were obtained from the same patients. The analyses were performed using CA XIII-specific antibodies and an immunohistochemical staining method. For comparison, the tissue sections were immunostained for other cytosolic isozymes, CA I and II. RESULTS: The results indicated that the expression of CA XIII is down-regulated in tumor cells compared to the normal tissue. The lowest signal was detected in carcinoma samples. This pattern of expression was quite parallel for CA I and II. CONCLUSION: The down-regulation of cytosolic CA I, II and XIII in colorectal cancer may result from reduced levels of a common transcription factor or loss of closely linked CA1, CA2 and CA13 alleles on chromosome 8. Their possible role as tumor suppressors should be further evaluated.  (+info)

Polyvinylpyrrolidone 40 assists the refolding of bovine carbonic anhydrase B by accelerating the refolding of the first molten globule intermediate. (6/32)

Protecting proteins from aggregation is one of the most important issues in both protein science and protein engineering. In this research, the mechanism of enhancing the refolding of guanidine hydrochloride-denatured carbonic anhydrase B by polyvinylpyrrolidone 40 (PVP40) was studied by both kinetic and equilibrium refolding experiments. The reactivation and refolding kinetics indicated that the rate constant of refolding the first refolding intermediate (I(1)) to the second one (I(2)) is promoted by the addition of PVP. Fluorescence quenching studies further indicated that PVP could bind to the aggregation-prone species I(1), resulting in the protection of the exposed hydrophobic surface, a minimization of the protein surface, and more importantly, an increase of the refolding rate of I(1). These properties were quite different from those of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), which has been shown to have a strong and stoichiometric binding to I(1) and does not interfere with the refolding pathway. Unlike PEG, the binding of PVP to I(1) does not block the aggregation pathway directly but decreases the energy barrier for I(1) to refold to I(2) and thus reduces the accumulation of I(1). These results suggested that PVP works by a quite different mechanism from those well established ones in chaperones and chemical promoters. PVP is more like a folding catalyst rather than a chemical chaperone. The distinct mechanism of enhancing protein aggregation by PVP is expected to facilitate the attempt to develop new chemical compounds as well as new strategies to protect proteins from aggregation.  (+info)

Ultrahigh resolution crystal structures of human carbonic anhydrases I and II complexed with "two-prong" inhibitors reveal the molecular basis of high affinity. (7/32)

The atomic-resolution crystal structures of human carbonic anhydrases I and II complexed with "two-prong" inhibitors are reported. Each inhibitor contains a benzenesulfonamide prong and a cupric iminodiacetate (IDA-Cu(2+)) prong separated by linkers of different lengths and compositions. The ionized NH(-) group of each benzenesulfonamide coordinates to the active site Zn(2+) ion; the IDA-Cu(2+) prong of the tightest-binding inhibitor, BR30, binds to H64 of CAII and H200 of CAI. This work provides the first evidence verifying the structural basis of nanomolar affinity measured for two-prong inhibitors targeting the carbonic anhydrases.  (+info)

Immunohistolocalization of carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes (CA-I, -II and -III ) in canine epididymis. (8/32)

The immunolocalization of the efferent duct and the epididymis in canine was firstly examined using an the immunohistochemical method with the canine carbonic anhydrase (CA) -I, CA-II and CA-III antisera. The efferent duct was immunonegative for all present canine CA antisera. However, some slender shaped epithelial cells in the head and body segments of the epididymal duct were intensely reacted to the CA-II antiserum. These results suggested that the CA-II might be controlled in the luminal environment in the head and body segments of the canine epididymis by the proton and bicarbonate balance for the maintenance of the spermatozoal stability and movement.  (+info)

An immunocytochemical study of the carbonic anhydrase I isoenzyme in human oral Merkel cells<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An immunocytochemical study of the carbonic anhydrase I isoenzyme in human oral Merkel cells. AU - Christie, K. N.. AU - Thomson, C.. AU - Hopwood, D.. AU - Harper, A. A.. AU - Ogden, G. R.. PY - 1996. Y1 - 1996. N2 - Merkel cells in human buccal mucosa and hard palate possess the carbonic anhydrase I isoenzyme (CAI). CAI colocalized immunocytochemically with a range of Merkel cell cytokeratins, namely CK 7, 8, 18, 19 and 20. No other cells in the oral epithelium were immunoreactive for the CAI antibody. The presence of the enzyme may be related to the function of sensory receptors that produce a sustained response to a maintained mechanical stimulus.. AB - Merkel cells in human buccal mucosa and hard palate possess the carbonic anhydrase I isoenzyme (CAI). CAI colocalized immunocytochemically with a range of Merkel cell cytokeratins, namely CK 7, 8, 18, 19 and 20. No other cells in the oral epithelium were immunoreactive for the CAI antibody. The presence of the enzyme may be ...
https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/an-immunocytochemical-study-of-the-carbonic-anhydrase-i-isoenzyme
Characterization of the gene encoding carbonic anhydrase I from the pigtail macaque | Meta
The structure of the gene encoding carbonic anhydrase I (CA I) was determined for the pigtail macaque Macaca nemestrina. When the deduced amino-acid sequence was compared with those of five other primates, four non-primate mammals and a turtle, seven residues were found to be unique and invariant to all of the CA I sequences. A scheme is presented for the probable evolutionary order of the six polymorphic nucleotide changes found in the coding regions of the CA I locus of pigtail macaques. ...
https://www.meta.org/papers/characterization-of-the-gene-encoding-carbonic/7835713
Intrinsic thermodynamics of sulfonamide inhibitor binding to human carbonic anhydrases I and II. | Sigma-AldrichIntrinsic thermodynamics of sulfonamide inhibitor binding to human carbonic anhydrases I and II. | Sigma-Aldrich
Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Vaida Morkūnaitė, Joana Gylytė, Asta Zubrienė, Lina Baranauskienė, Miglė Kišonaitė, Vilma Michailovienė, Vaida Juozapaitienė, Matthew J Todd, Daumantas Matulis].
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/papers/24758348
Computer Simulation of the CO2/HCO3- Interconversion Step in Human Carbonic Anhydrase IComputer Simulation of the CO2/HCO3- Interconversion Step in Human Carbonic Anhydrase I
Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology. ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:73140
Reactome | Carbonic anhydrase I/II hydrates carbon dioxideReactome | Carbonic anhydrase I/II hydrates carbon dioxide
Reactome is pathway database which provides intuitive bioinformatics tools for the visualisation, interpretation and analysis of pathway knowledge.
http://www.reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-1475435.1
PDB 2foy structure summary ‹ Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) ‹ EMBL-EBIPDB 2foy structure summary ‹ Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) ‹ EMBL-EBI
2foy: Ultrahigh resolution crystal structures of human carbonic anhydrases I and II complexed with two-prong inhibitors reveal the molecular basis of high affinity.
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/2foy
Plus itPlus it
To further assess our results, we performed a literature review of the genes reported by at least seven studies in the cancer versus normal comparison to determine if any have been shown to have diagnostic and/or prognostic utility in colorectal cancer. The most consistently reported differentially expressed gene in our meta-analysis was carbonic anhydrase II (CA2), which was reported as down-regulated in 11 studies. Along with carbonic anhydrase I, CA2 has been shown to have prognostic significance where the expression of both enzymes was related to the metastatic aggressiveness of colorectal cancer (23). Similarly, the potential diagnostic utility of CA2 was shown in a study in which the average level of fecal CA2 in colorectal cancer patients was shown to be significantly greater than those in the control group (24). Immunohistochemistry has been done on colorectal tumor and healthy mucosa tissue to monitor the protein levels of four carbonic anhydrases, among them CA2 (25). That study showed ...
http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/17/3/543
Somedicos ProductsSomedicos Products
This product was first developed in Finland by Prof Heikki Karppanen, a well-published researcher of hypertension. The use of Pan salt is common in Finland, with a popular fast food chain advertising its use as a healthier alternative.. The formula employs two-prong approach to help better control blood pressure. The actual salt(sodium) content in only 57% that of normal salt. Studies have shown that by reducing sodium, better BP control can be achieved.. Secondly, the use of mineral salts such as potassium and magnesium, both of which have been shown to reduce blood pressure, potentiates its blood pressure lowering effect.. The best part is that the formula has been specially formulated to provide the same tast as that of normal salt. Some other formulas may taste bitter as both potassium and magnesium, naturally are bitter.. ...
http://www.somedico.com.my/44.asp
Leviton® Duplex Outlet, Ivory | Receptacles | Switches & Outlets | Rough Electrical | Electrical | Osh Categories | Orchard...
Leviton?s comprehensive Residential Grade Outlets portfolio includes devices rated for all residential applications in a variety of standard configurations. They are produced in an array of colors in both Decora and traditional styles. Shutter mechanism inside the Outlet blocks access to the contacts unless a two-prong plug is inserted, helping ensure hairpins, keys, etc., will be locked out TR symbol on residential Outlets assures they meet the 2008 NEC requirement Ultrasonic heavy-duty construction offers long, trouble-free service life Protects children from electrical shock injuries
http://www.osh.com/Osh-Categories/Electrical/Rough-Electrical/Switches-&-Outlets/Receptacles/Leviton%C2%AE-Duplex-Outlet,-Ivory/p/6843759
Depression, Anxiety, Mood Disorders Treatment | PsychFit Inc.Depression, Anxiety, Mood Disorders Treatment | PsychFit Inc.
Find hope and healing. Understand how to tap into the science of your body. At PsychFit, our two-prong approach helps you reconnect with a healthy you.
http://psychfitinc.com/programs/
What Is Caffeine? How Does It Affect the Body? | Osiris Online
Healthy eating and exercise can help you lose weight and maintain weight, too. Being healthy requires a two-prong approach, and when you leave healthy food or exercise off of the schedule, youre simply not going to be as healthy as you think you are.. When trying to lose weight, you need to burn more calories than you consume.. Its pure mathematics, and if you eat more calories than you consume, you can be sure that youll gain weight.. Lets take a look at a few exercise and eating tips that can help you lose or maintain your weight while being the healthiest you possible ...
http://osiris-online.eu/content/what-caffeine-how-does-it-affect-body?p=49
MOPS free acidMOPS free acid
3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic acidC7H15NO4S If you need bigger quantities than indicated on the web site, please contact us for a personal offer.
http://www.sorachim.com/chemicals/buffers/mops-free-acid.html
Human Erythrocyte Carbonic Anhydrase B. - Chemistry LibreTextsHuman Erythrocyte Carbonic Anhydrase B. - Chemistry LibreTexts
Carbonic anhydrases are abundant in mammalian tissues, plants and bacteria. The several distinct classes of this enzyme (α, β, γ etc.) share little similarity in terms of structure and sequence, but they all perform the same function of catalyzing the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of bicarbonate [3]. Carbonic anhydrase B is one of the two major forms of carbonic anhydrase in human red blood cell (the other form is CA C). Like other members of the CA family, its main function is assisting the important chemical reaction that occurs in the blood. CO2 + H2O ,-----, HCO3- + H+. The above reaction is very slow in the absence of the enzyme. Hence, by assisting the inter-conversion between carbon dioxide and bicarbonate, Carbonic anhydrase B helps to maintain acid-base balance in blood, and transport carbon dioxide out of blood. Note that the carbonic acid (H2CO3) and hydrogen carbonate ions (HCO3-) is an important buffer system in the body. They equilibrate in the blood plasma to ...
https://chem.libretexts.org/LibreTexts/University_of_California_Davis/UCD_Chem_124A%3A_Berben/Carbonic_Anhydrase/Carbonic_Anhydrase_3
Human carbonic anhydrases and carbonic anhydrase deficienciesHuman carbonic anhydrases and carbonic anhydrase deficiencies
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs I-VII) are products of a gene family that encodes seven isozymes and several homologous, CA- related proteins. All seven isozymes have been cloned, sequenced, and mapped, and the intron-exon organization of five genes established. They differ in subcellular localizations, be …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7574487/
Inhibition by anions of human red cell carbonic anhydrase B: physiological and biochemical implications | ScienceInhibition by anions of human red cell carbonic anhydrase B: physiological and biochemical implications | Science
The hydration rate of CO2 catalyzed by human red cell carbonic anhydrase B is 92 percent reduced by the normal concentrations of chloride and bicarbonate in red cells. This reflects a general sensitivity of this reaction to halides and other anions, up to 87 times greater than the effect on red cell carbonic anhydrase C. The catalytic hydration of CO2 is generally more (up to 24 times) sensitive to inhibition by anions and sulfonamides than the dehydration of HCO3-, probably reflecting different mechanisms. The sensitivity of enzyme B to anion inhibition also depends upon the substrate, being much greater for CO2 than for certain esters. On the basis of the very low catalytic activity of B for CO2 in the presence of physiological concentration of chloride, and the fact that carbonic anhydrase C is effective for CO2 hydration (in the presence of chloride) at a rate 340 times greater than that of CO2 output from tissues, it appears that the biological role of enzyme B is not that of a carbonic ...
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/191/4226/469
Effect of Hyperglycemia on Erythrocyte Carbonic Anhydrase and Lactic Acid in Type II Diabetic Subjects - pdf descargar
Effect of Hyperglycemia on Erythrocyte Carbonic Anhydrase and Lactic Acid in Type II Diabetic Subjects. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
http://libros.duhnnae.com/2017/jun8/149829451934-Effect-of-Hyperglycemia-on-Erythrocyte-Carbonic-Anhydrase-and-Lactic-Acid-in-Type-II-Diabetic-Subjects.php
The synthesis of some beta-lactams and investigation of their metal-chelating activity, carbonic anhydrase and...
beta-Lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics, consisting of all antibiotic agents that contain a beta-lactam ring in their molecular structures. Synthesis of beta-lactam analogs, which are containing dichloride atoms and N-methyl, N-aromatic rings, was achieved by Schiff bases and dichloroketene compounds. All the synthesized imines and beta-lactam analogs were tested against two physiologically relevant carbonic anhydrase isozymes (hCA I and II) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). They demponstrated effective inhibitory profiles with K-i values in ranging of 3.22-11.18 nM against hCA I, 3.74-10.41 nM against hCA II, and 0.50-1.57 nM against AChE. On the other hand, acetazolamide and dorzolamide clinically used as CA inhibitors, showed K-i value of 170.34 and 129.26nM against hCA I, and 115.43 and 135.67 nM against hCA II, respectively. Also, tacrine used as standard AChE inhibitor showed Ki value of 5.70 nM against AChE ...
http://acikerisim.bartin.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/handle/11772/1389
Free Horse: Broodmare, companion, or riding horse | Dressy Affair ("Lilly") | TheHorse.comFree Horse: Broodmare, companion, or riding horse | Dressy Affair ("Lilly") | TheHorse.com
Lilly is a super sweet girl in need of a loving home as a broodmare, companion, or with some time off as a light riding horse. After 3 yrs of extensive training and attempts to rehab her, she still has a very sore back, which the vet feels could be kissing spines, but feels time off will help or a new job as a broodmare. Shes gorgeous, correctly put together, with a great temperament and would make a fantastic sporthorse broodmare! Email for more info, pics, and video. ...
https://www.thehorse.com/free-horse-adoption/240/broodmare-companion-or-riding-horse
Implications of Bisbing v. Bisbing on Relocation of Parents with Children Outside of New Jersey - The Bianchi Law Group
One of the primary facts at issue in the case was the application of the standard set in Baures v. Lewis by the trial court, which set forth a two-prong test to determine whether it was reasonable to relocate children out of state away from the second parent. The two-prong test included (1) there existed a good faith reason for the relocation; and (2) the relocation will not be inimical to the childs interests. Subsequently, the Court in Bisbing applied a thirteen factor test including the following: (1) the parents ability to agree, communicate and cooperate in matters relating to the child; (2) the parents willingness to accept custody and any history of unwillingness to allow parenting time not based on substantial abuse; (3) the interaction and relationship of the child with its parents and siblings; (4) the history of domestic violence, if relevant; (5) the safety of the child and the safety of either parent from physical abuse by the other parent; (6) the preference of the child when ...
https://bianchilawgroup.com/implications-of-bisbing-v-bisbing-on-relocation-of-parents-with-children-to-outside-of-new-jersey/
Riverside teen equestrian eyes career riding horsesRiverside teen equestrian eyes career riding horses
When the family moved from Mission Viejo to Norco, Elle Martin got her first horse.. When Elle went to high school it became tough to attend horse shows, which run for about a week, and still maintain a 4.0 grade average.. I watched her sacrifice the horse shows for school work for three years, Nicol Martin said.. A friends mother recommended a charter school that offered an online program, Venture Online, which is part of Springs Charter Schools. Elle Martin now had the flexibility to practice riding and keep up her grades.. Elle Martin spends four to five hours a day practicing with horses and another two or three hours grooming them.. She has this natural ability that shines through, Nicol Martin said. Thats why shes great with different horses, it comes from the natural gift she has.. Elle Martins father, Michael, who also grew up riding, is amazed by her determination and competitiveness. Its awesome to see her guide a 1,000-pound animal over a course and over jumps.. Her ...
https://www.pe.com/2018/04/14/riverside-teen-equestrian-eyes-career-riding-horses/
My twin and I spent our birthday riding horses | NewsdayMy twin and I spent our birthday riding horses | Newsday
Have you ever ridden a horse? Do you have a brother? Well, I have a brother and I rode a horse. My brother isnt just an ordinary brother; hes my twin. He also has special needs. People treat him dif
https://www.newsday.com/lifestyle/family/kidsday/my-twin-and-i-spent-our-birthday-riding-horses-1.9174169
Die Pferde sind nicht das Problem: Thoughts about directions of rotation in the spine of riding horses when bending
Ideally, a closed lumbosacral transition in neutral position ensures the work of the lines and vice versa muscular active work of the lines ensures power transfer in the lumbosacral transition. This becomes particularly clear if you look at how much the lumbosacral transition region is spanned by muscles and fasciae. My picture here is that this is only possible if the action base for forward movements is at the back and that for upward movement is at the front. Only the vigorous forward movement out of the rear action base allows the front base to have a righting, muscular dominant, supporting motion. Successful interaction preserves the physiological movement phases of the limbs. The spine and ribcage remain in balance and, as an almost stabilizing pole, they enable balanced muscle action, in whatever form. For the transmission of motion these lead to an essential positive stiffening of the spine. ...
http://die-pferde-sind-nicht-das-problem.blogspot.de/2018/01/thoughts-about-directions-of-rotation.html
Parishes: Compton Dundon | British History OnlineParishes: Compton Dundon | British History Online
Middle Ages. In 1086 the estate at Compton was assessed at 5 hides, that at Dundon 5 hides, and that at Littleton at 3 hides, all 3 single holdings, although Littleton had been divided into 3 manors in 1066 and Compton had been shared between 2 monks. Details of demesne and tenants are not available for Compton, but both Dundon and Littleton had land for 4 teams. The demesne at Dundon measured 3 hides and ½ virgate and 4 serfs worked it with 2 teams; 5 villeins and 10 bordars worked the rest of the land with 3 teams. The demesne at Littleton also measured 3 hides (fn. 207) and 3 serfs worked it with 2 teams. Four villeins and 3 bordars with 1 team worked the rest. There were 20 a. of meadow at Compton and twice that much at both Dundon and Littleton. Stock comprised a riding horse, 2 beasts, 46 sheep, and 49 goats at Compton, 5 unbroken mares, 2 riding horses, and 9 pigs at Dundon, and 120 sheep at Littleton. (fn. 208) In 1283 the combined estates of Compton and Dundon had demesne measuring 330 ...
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/som/vol9/pp103-120
Justice League Liberal Values
Where did the idea come from that you were going to disguise Elliots surroundings in this way? Sam Esmail: It came from a two-prong approach. We knew exactly what the fate of Elliot was at the end of the last season, and we started breaking this seasons storyline. Were always trying to stay as authentic to Elliot as possible, what hes going through. Knowing Elliot, from the very first episode, he definitely has interesting coping mechanisms. Even from the pilot, he has this ability to reprogram his life: E Corp was turned into Evil Corp. When we thought about him being in prison, what would be that coping mechanism, this came to mind. The other approach was his relationship to us - to his friend - and how we left him at the end of the first season. He basically didnt trust us anymore, he felt we were keeping things from him. So we wanted to develop that relationship as well. That was the one approach of, This is what Elliot would do in this situation, to cope with being in prison, and ...
https://liberalvaluesblog.com/tag/justice-league/
Drug combination acts against aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemiaDrug combination acts against aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia
A two-prong approach combining ibrutinib and rituximab (Rituxin®) to treat aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) produced profound responses with minor side effects in a Phase 2 clinical trial at the University of ...
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-12-drug-combination-aggressive-chronic-lymphocytic.html
Cefpodoxime, Free acidCefpodoxime, Free acid
Buy and view Cefpodoxime, Free Acid for isolation of E Coli pathogen, 80210-62-4, MSDS. Click to view prices and info for Cefpodoxime, Free Acid on TO
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Nacubactam (OP0595 free acid) | Bacterial Inhibitor | MedChemExpressNacubactam (OP0595 free acid) | Bacterial Inhibitor | MedChemExpress
Nacubactam (OP0595 free acid) is a potent non-β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor with activity against class A and class C β-lactamases. Nacubactam (OP0595 free acid) acts as a penicillin binding protein (PBP) 2-active antibacterial, and gives β-lactamase-independent potentiation of β-lactams targeting other PBPs. - Mechanism of Action & Protocol.
https://www.medchemexpress.com/nacubactam.html
Plastic Soldier Review - RedBox Ukrainian Cossack Cavalry Set 1Plastic Soldier Review - RedBox Ukrainian Cossack Cavalry Set 1
The 16th century was a very important period in the history of the Cossacks. At its commencement the inhabitants of the Pontic Steppe were a mix of disparate peoples living a frontier life, largely free of central control or the benefits of a settled existence, with little except their environment and the difficulties of existence in common. By its end these scattered elements had coalesced into a recognisable grouping or society which would be known as Cossack, and which increasingly cooperated and saw themselves as a distinct people with common interests and goals. As such they would achieve great fame, and be both friend and foe to those states that bordered their territory and increasingly took an interest in them.. Their lifestyle meant they were no strangers to riding horses, and while many did their fighting on foot, particularly when in the pay of outsiders, there were already those that were skilled in mounted warfare, a feature many today associate with all Cossacks. This is the first ...
http://www.plasticsoldierreview.com/review.aspx?id=2485
Half Saddlebred | petMDHalf Saddlebred | petMD
The Half Saddlebred is an American crossbreed with excellent characteristics. Often used as a riding horse, it is one of the most sought-after equine breeds in the world.
https://www.petmd.com/horse/breeds/c_hr_half_saddlebred
Buy TAPS, Free Acid | CAS 29915-38-6 | Biological Buffers | AG SciBuy TAPS, Free Acid | CAS 29915-38-6 | Biological Buffers | AG Sci
Check out our best-in-class prices for TAPS, Free Acid at AG Scientific, Inc. With more than 20 years of experience in the life science industry, we can supply the chemicals you need to accelerate your scientific discoveries.
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Gentaur Molecular :BioBasic \ Eosin Y, free acid \ EE0190 (DB8771)Gentaur Molecular :BioBasic \ Eosin Y, free acid \ EE0190 (DB8771)
Gentaur molecular products has all kinds of products like :search , BioBasic \ Eosin Y, free acid \ EE0190 (DB8771) for more molecular products just contact us
http://www.antibody-antibodies.com/product_det.php?id=162435&supplier=search&name=Eosin%20Y,%20%20free%20acid%20
Organic Lab Reactions 174 - STANNIC CHLORIDE ON THE FREE ACID 169 Other Methods The extent of consideration given to the...Organic Lab Reactions 174 - STANNIC CHLORIDE ON THE FREE ACID 169 Other Methods The extent of consideration given to the...
View Notes - Organic Lab Reactions 174 from CHM 2210 at University of Florida. STANNIC CHLORIDE ON THE FREE ACID 169 Other Methods The extent of consideration given to the methods of cyclization
https://www.coursehero.com/file/6560631/Organic-Lab-Reactions-174/
Lexy - Viewing Profile
Am zis ca-i monitorul de vina. Acum 2 saptamani..n-a mai vrut de niciun fel!Inchis-deschis..scos din prinza..nimic,nada,niente...chinuitor ptr ca aveam si de lucru.Imprumut un alt monitor si zic..gata il arunc pe cel vechi pe geam.Iete ca facea la fel!Bun...ce altceva?Placa video! Scimba placa video, la fel probleme. Schimba slotul..tot la fel.Cand inchideam monitorul in unele dati becul de power nu se stingea ci ramanea oleaca mai deschis.Un prieten mi-a zis ca poate e de la sursa.Am schimbat si sursa....La fel face..doar ca acum e mai docil si face doar o singura data ...
http://www.masini.ro/forum/user/40091/Lexy/
Jonatan - Lumea animalelor e44.roJonatan - Lumea animalelor e44.ro
Pudelul Jonatan al poetului Langebin l-a insotit pe acesta intr-o plimbare prin padure, unde poetul isi pierdu punga cu bani.. Pe drum spre casa, poetul, observand lipsa banilor, dadu luiJonatan sa-i miroase buzunarul si cum cainele era dresat sa caute obiecte, il trimise inapoi sa-i aduca punga din padure.. Intre timp, un taran de prin imprejurimi gasind portofelul il vari repede in buzunar. Cainele Jonatan, luindu-i insa urma, il ajunse si incepu sa latre, sarind imprejurul lui. Taranul, neintelegand limbajul cainelui, fu foarte bucuros ca un caine atat de frumos il indragise. Ii puse cureaua de gat, ducandu-l acaa si culcandu-l cu el intr-o magazine.. Mare ii fu mirarea cand, a doua zi, desteptandu-se, taranul vazu ca-I lipsesc pantalonii.. Jonatan mirosise punga stapanului sau in buzunarul pantalonilor taranului, dar neputand scoate, ii insfaca punga cu buzunar cu tot, tarand pantalonii pana acasa la stapanul sau.. ...
https://www.e44.ro/2019/03/jonatan/
Colinde - Urare - versuri, videoclipColinde - Urare - versuri, videoclip
Colinde Urare - asculta acum online si vezi versuri Tane gazda masa-ntinsa Si lumina-n geam aprinsa, Ca-i vremea umblatului Peste vatra satului, Pe pote
http://www.bestmusic.ro/asculta-colinde-mp3/urare-313365.html
HEPES, Free Acid, High Purity | BioExpress
BioExpress accepts no responsibility and shall not be held liable for loss, damage, expense, consequential, or accidental damage. This includes the damage to property, person, or premises resulting from these products. BioExpress MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURCHASE. BioExpress expressly disclaims all other warranties, whether express, implied or statutory, including the warranty of MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR USE. In no event will BioExpress be liable for consequential damages arising from the use of products described in this catalog.. ...
https://www.bioexpress.com/store/product/7422549/hepes-free-acid-high-purity
Patent US5609673 - Recording liquid - Google PatentsuchePatent US5609673 - Recording liquid - Google Patentsuche
A recording liquid comprising an aqueous medium and at least one dye selected from dyes, the free acid forms of which are represented by formula (I): ##STR1## All the symbols in formula (I) are defined in the description.
http://www.google.de/patents/US5609673
Dorzolamide QuickView - Correlation Engine
Dorzolamide is a sulfonamide and a highly specific carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II) inhibitor, which is the main CA isoenzyme involved in aqueous humor secretion. Inhibition of CA-II in the ciliary processes of the eye decreases aqueous humor secretion, presumably by slowing the formation of bicarbonate ions with subsequent reduction in sodium and fluid transport. Dorzolamide also accumulates in red blood cells as a result of CA-II binding, as CA-II is found predominantly in erythrocytes. However, sufficient CA-II activity remains so that adverse effects due to systemic CA inhibition are not observed ...
https://accounts.public.ce.basespace.illumina.com/b/search/details/Dorzolamide?type=compound
3dd8 - Proteopedia, life in 3D3dd8 - Proteopedia, life in 3D
The new antitumor sulfamate EMD 486019 was investigated for its interaction with twelve catalytically active mammalian carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozymes, hCA I - XIV. Similarly to 667-Coumate, a structurally related compound in phase II clinical trials as steroid sulfatase/CA inhibitor with potent antitumor properties, EMD 486019 acts as a strong inhibitor of isozymes CA II, VB, VII, IX, XII, and XIV (K(I)s in the range of 13-19nM) being less effective against other isozymes (K(I)s in the range of 66-3600nM against hCA I, IV, VA, VI, and mCA XIII, respectively). The complete inhibition profile of 667-Coumate against these mammalian CAs is also reported here for the first time. Comparing the X-ray crystal structures of the two adducts of CA II with EMD 486019 and 667-Coumate, distinct orientations of the bound sulfamates within the enzyme cavity were observed, which account for their distinct inhibition profiles. CA II/IX potent inhibitors belonging to the sulfamate class are thus ...
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/3dd8
Riding Horse Drunk Will Land You in Educational Alcohol CourseRiding Horse Drunk Will Land You in Educational Alcohol Course
I reckon that riding a horse in a drunken state was a common occurrence 150 years ago. I also reckon that it happens more often than we hear about it right now. Here is a tale of a modern-day riding under the influence (RUI) violation.. The cowboy, Patrick Neal Schumacher, appears to be a real horses patoot! The 45-year-old from Colorado Springs, Colorado was arrested by University of Colorado police after being spotted riding his horse down the middle of the street and swerving onto sidewalks in downtown Boulder, Colorado on September 9th.. ...
https://www.onlinealcoholclass.com/blog/post/riding-horse-drunk-will-land-you-in-educational-alcohol-course
Faith who has Trisomy 18, loves riding horses - Live Action NewsFaith who has Trisomy 18, loves riding horses - Live Action News
What is Live Action News?. Live Action News is pro-life news and commentary from a pro-life perspective. Learn More. Corrections or Questions. For corrections, or questions, please contact the editor at [email protected]. We welcome guest posts. Submit articles via email: [email protected] ...
https://www.liveaction.org/news/doctors-slow-code-disabilities-kids/faith-who-has-trisomy-18-loves-riding-horses/
Chapter 5 -Transcartilaginous Approach | Becker RhinoplastyChapter 5 -Transcartilaginous Approach | Becker Rhinoplasty
As demonstrated in the accompanying figures, use a two-prong retractor and the middle finger of the nondominant hand to expose the lower lateral cartilage
https://www.therhinoplastycenter.com/rhinoplasty-dissection-manual/transcartilaginous-or-cartilage-splitting-approach
Linoleoyl Coenzyme A, Free Acid (CAS 6709-57-5) Market Research Report 2018Linoleoyl Coenzyme A, Free Acid (CAS 6709-57-5) Market Research Report 2018
The report generally describes linoleoyl coenzyme a, free acid, examines its uses, production methods, patents. Linoleoyl Coenzyme A, Free Acid market
https://marketpublishers.com/report/industry/chemicals_petrochemicals/linoleoyl_coenzyme_a_free_acid_6709-57-5_market_research_report.html
Teen Ink | ArleneNicoleTeen Ink | ArleneNicole
1. I love to read and write, but to me theyre one in the same. 2. Ive been riding horses for 11 years. 3. I love medieval things and I am the proud owner of 2 small swords and 1 dagger. 4. I absolutely LOVE dragons! & 5. I love when it rains.
http://www.teenink.com/users/ArleneNicole
Updates | SabinUpdates | Sabin
April 27, 2012. Washington, April 27, 2012 -- Health workers are walking, pedaling bicycles, driving cars, rowing boats and riding horses to reach remote areas, urban fringes and displaced communities, where they are giving vaccines against diseases like measles and polio as part of the first World Immunization Week taking place in 180 countries this week. ...
http://www.sabin.org/updates?f%5B0%5D=type%3Asabin_news&f%5B1%5D=created%3A%5B2012-01-01T00%3A00%3A00Z%20TO%202013-01-01T00%3A00%3A00Z%5D&f%5B2%5D=created%3A%5B2012-04-01T00%3A00%3A00Z%20TO%202012-05-01T00%3A00%3A00Z%5D
Becker / Zwar » Kevin ZwarBecker / Zwar » Kevin Zwar
Prahran. Nancy was born in 1930 in the City of Prahran, not far from where her maternal grandparents lived in Caulfield. Her mother, Lizzie Bidstrup, was 42 years old and her father Ernest 43. Nancy was the third child and only daughter.. Annadale. Nancy grew up on the farm at Annadale, undertaking her schooling at the Sugarloaf Creek School. Like her brothers, George and Alan, she participated in farm life, including riding horses. Her senior years of schooling were at Firbank Girls Grammar School in Brighton.. Brother George:. Towards the end of WW2 she tragically lost her oldest brother George, a flight officer with the RAAF, to a plane crash in the Barrington Tops.. Home Life and Travels:. After finishing schooling Nancy returned home, assisting her mother. She would travel with her father and mother, including visits to her Uncle Walter and cousins in Queensland. It would have been quite an undertaking considering the likely state of the roads in the late 40s post war and the 1950s. ...
http://becker-zwar.com/author/kevin/
The Spren Theory of Disease: Unexpected Science in The Way of Kings | Tor.comThe Spren Theory of Disease: Unexpected Science in The Way of Kings | Tor.com
Is this the same Joseph Lister who discovered listers oil in the world of The Stormlight Archive? Probably not, although its possible that Lister represents the Platonic ideal of inventing sanitation in Sandersons mind. Either way, his fantasy innovations have brought medical science to the levels of the dawn of the modern era, while most of the rest of Roshars technology is still medieval at best. Surgeons are extremely highly trained, maintain clean operating rooms, use antiseptic, have primitive anaesthetic, and seem to save far more people than they lose, even when they have to amputate limbs. None of this was possible in real life until a time when we had guns, trains, steamboats, and light blubs. People in Alethkar, the main nation in The Way of Kings, are still riding horses, traveling long distances by carriage, and swinging swords at each other, albeit massive ancient swords called Shardblades that cut through stone like paper and burn the souls right out of a persons body. Im not ...
https://www.tor.com/2013/03/21/the-spren-theory-of-disease-unexpected-science-in-the-way-of-kings/
Okadaic Acid, Free Acid, |98% | LC LaboratoriesOkadaic Acid, Free Acid, |98% | LC Laboratories
Okadaic Acid, Free Acid, |98%, CAS#78111-17-8, More than 1,000 labs worldwide have purchased Okadaic Acid or its salts from LC Labs, either directly from us or from our distributors and resellers (the latter resell under their own labels).
https://lclabs.com/products/109-o-2220-okadaic-acid-free-acid
Buy HEPPSO, free acid | CAS 7365-45-9 | Cell Culture | AG ScientificBuy HEPPSO, free acid | CAS 7365-45-9 | Cell Culture | AG Scientific
Learn details and find deals on HEPPSO, free acid from AG Scientific, the leading supplier of biochemical raw materials for life science research.
https://agscientific.com/heppso.html
Acid-number Meaning | Best 1 Definitions of Acid-numberAcid-number Meaning | Best 1 Definitions of Acid-number
What does acid-number mean? A number indicating the amount of free acid present in a substance, equal to the number of milligrams of potassium hydro...
https://www.yourdictionary.com/acid-number
Why Excede | Zoetis USWhy Excede | Zoetis US
WHY EXCEDE ® ? EXCEDE ® (ceftiofur crystalline free acid) Sterile Suspension is an effective and convenient treatment for acute metritis in...
https://www.zoetisus.com/products/dairy/excede-dairy/why-excede.aspx
Bicarbonate buffer systemBicarbonate buffer system
Catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase, carbon dioxide (CO2) reacts with water (H2O) to form carbonic acid (H2CO3), which in turn ... Meldrum, N. U.; Roughton, F. J. W. (1933-12-05). "Carbonic anhydrase. Its preparation and properties". The Journal of ... causing carbonic anhydrase to form CO2 until all excess protons are removed. Bicarbonate concentration is also further ... are facilitated by carbonic anhydrase in both the blood and duodenum. While in the blood, bicarbonate ion serves to neutralize ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicarbonate_buffer_system
DiclofenamideDiclofenamide
"Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and osmotic agents in glaucoma. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors". The British Journal of ... is a sulfonamide and a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor of the meta-disulfamoylbenzene class. Dichlorphenamide as a carbonic ... it falls under the class of a first generation carbonic anhydrase Inhibitor. Diclofenamide was approved in the United States in ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Sulfonamides, Chlorobenzenes, Ophthalmology drugs, All stub articles, Antihypertensive agent ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diclofenamide
Angela CasiniAngela Casini
Casini, Angela (2004). "Hypoxia activates the capacity of tumor‐associated carbonic anhydrase IX to acidify extracellular pH". ... Casini, Angela (2004). "Unexpected nanomolar inhibition of carbonic anhydrase by COX-2-selective celecoxib: new pharmacological ... "Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors". Medicinal Research Reviews. 23 (2): 146-189. doi:10.1002/med.10025. PMID 12500287. S2CID ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Casini
AmphetamineAmphetamine
... cerebral carbonic anhydrase activation has cognition-enhancing effects; but, based upon the clinical use of carbonic anhydrase ... CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS (CAIs). The design and development of CAIs represent the most prolific area within the CA ... Bozdag M, Altamimi AA, Vullo D, Supuran CT, Carta F (2019). "State of the Art on Carbonic Anhydrase Modulators for Biomedical ... Amphetamine also activates seven human carbonic anhydrase enzymes, several of which are expressed in the human brain. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetamine
TopiramateTopiramate
... forms of carbonic anhydrase. The action on carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes may contribute to the drug's side-effects, including ... As topiramate inhibits carbonic anhydrase, use with other inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase (e.g. acetazolamide) increases the ... Topiramate, sold under the brand name Topamax among others, is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor medication used to treat epilepsy ... the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase may be strong enough to cause metabolic acidosis of clinical importance. The U.S. Food and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topiramate
CA11CA11
Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CA11 gene. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a ... "Entrez Gene: CA11 carbonic anhydrase XI". Liao W, Xiao Q, Tchikov V, Fujita K, Yang W, Wincovitch S, Garfield S, Conze D, El- ... Bellingham J, Gregory-Evans K, Gregory-Evans CY (1998). "Sequence and tissue expression of a novel human carbonic anhydrase- ... Okamoto N, Fujikawa-Adachi K, Nishimori I, Taniuchi K, Onishi S (2001). "cDNA sequence of human carbonic anhydrase-related ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CA11
ChlortalidoneChlortalidone
Some of chlortalidone's diuretic effect is also due to this inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the proximal tubule. Chronic ... Johnston MM, Li H, Mufson D (December 1977). "Chlorthalidone analysis using carbonic anhydrase inhibition". J Pharm Sci. 66 (12 ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances). ... it also strongly inhibits multiple isoforms of carbonic anhydrase. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlortalidone
MetalloproteinMetalloprotein
3 A reaction similar to this is almost instantaneous with carbonic anhydrase. The structure of the active site in carbonic ... Lindskog S (1997). "Structure and mechanism of carbonic anhydrase". Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 74 (1): 1-20. doi:10.1016/ ... In aqueous solution, carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid CO2 + H2O ⇌ H2CO3 This reaction is very slow in the absence of a ... H+ favours dissociation of carbonic acid at biological pH values. The cobalt-containing Vitamin B12 (also known as cobalamin) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloprotein
Turnover numberTurnover number
Carbonic anhydrase is one of the fastest enzymes, and its rate is typically limited by the diffusion rate of its substrates. ... Lindskog, Sven (January 1997). "Structure and mechanism of carbonic anhydrase". Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 74 (1): 1-20. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turnover_number
Progestogen esterProgestogen ester
"Carbonic anhydrase in the female reproductive tract. II. Endometrial carbonic anhydrase as indicator of luteoid potency: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progestogen_ester
Granatin AGranatin A
It is a weak carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Satomi, H.; Umemura, K.; Ueno, A.; Hatano, T.; Okuda, T.; Noro, T. (1993). "Carbonic ... anhydrase inhibitors from the pericarps of Punica granatum L". Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 16 (8): 787-790. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granatin_A
William S. SlyWilliam S. Sly
Sato S, Zhu XL, Sly WS (1990). "Carbonic anhydrase isozymes IV and II in urinary membranes from carbonic anhydrase II-deficient ... "Human carbonic anhydrases and carbonic anhydrase deficiencies". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 64 (1): 375-401. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi. ... Roth DE, Venta PJ, Tashian RE, Sly WS (1992). "Molecular basis of human carbonic anhydrase II deficiency". Proc. Natl. Acad. ... Sly also identified the first inherited deficiency of a human carbonic anhydrase, CA II, and defined the biochemical and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_S._Sly
Progesterone 3-acetyl enol etherProgesterone 3-acetyl enol ether
"Carbonic anhydrase in the female reproductive tract. II. Endometrial carbonic anhydrase as indicator of luteoid potency: ... to possess similar potency to progesterone and hydroxyprogesterone caproate in the rabbit endometrial carbonic anhydrase test, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progesterone_3-acetyl_enol_ether
Cadmium cycleCadmium cycle
Cadmium Carbonic anhydrase Diatoms Cullen, Jay T.; Maldonado, Maria T. (2013). "Biogeochemistry of Cadmium and Its Release to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_cycle
CorilaginCorilagin
doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)83125-8. Satomi H, Umemura K, Ueno A, Hatano T, Okuda T, Noro T (August 1993). "Carbonic anhydrase ... It is a weak carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Ellagic acid and corilagin inhibit TGF-β1-dependent EMT and has been shown to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corilagin
Alan J. RussellAlan J. Russell
Carbon Dioxide Removal from e.g. Blood using Membrane and Immobilized Carbonic Anhydrase; Artificial Lung for Example, US ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_J._Russell
DorzolamideDorzolamide
... lowers intraocular pressure by about 20%. Normally, carbonic anhydrase converts carbonic acid (H2CO3) into ... It is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and works by decreasing the production of aqueous humour. Dorzolamide was approved for ... It is a second-generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Dorzolamide hydrochloride is used to lower excessive intraocular ... As a second generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, Dorzolamide avoids systemic effects associated with first generation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorzolamide
PunicalinPunicalin
It is a highly active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. The molecule contains a gallagic acid component linked to a glucose. Zhang ... Satomi, H.; Umemura, K.; Ueno, A.; Hatano, T.; Okuda, T.; Noro, T. (1993). "Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors from the pericarps of ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, All stub articles, Aromatic compound stubs). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punicalin
Granatin BGranatin B
It is a highly active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. www.chemicalbook.com Satomi, H.; Umemura, K.; Ueno, A.; Hatano, T.; Okuda, ... "Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors from the pericarps of Punica granatum L". Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 16 (8): 787-790. ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, All stub articles, Aromatic compound stubs). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granatin_B
Indane-5-sulfonamideIndane-5-sulfonamide
... is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: binding of indanesulfonamides to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indane-5-sulfonamide
Sponge spiculeSponge spicule
"Carbonic Anhydrase Related Proteins: Molecular Biology and Evolution". Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to ... Among these genes, members of the alpha carbonic anhydrase gene family (CAs) are essential for biomineralization. CAs are zinc- ... Tripp, Brian C.; Smith, Kerry; Ferry, James G. (2001). "Carbonic Anhydrase: New Insights for an Ancient Enzyme". Journal of ... Supuran, Claudiu T. (2016). "Structure and function of carbonic anhydrases". Biochemical Journal. 473 (14): 2023-2032. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sponge_spicule
CasuarininCasuarinin
It is a highly active carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. In some plants including oak and chestnut, the ellagitannins are formed ... "Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors from the pericarps of Punica granatum L". Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 16 (8): 787-790. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casuarinin
CarboxysomeCarboxysome
Likewise, in some cyanobacterial strains the beta-carboxysomes contain a beta-carbonic anhydrase that is not encoded in the ccm ... The signature proteins of the beta-carboxysome are Form IB RuBisCO and a gamma carbonic anhydrase homolog. Beta-carboxysomes ... CsoSCA is a shell-associated beta-carbonic anhydrase. Studies in Halothiobacillus neapolitanus have shown that empty shells of ... Cannon, Gordon C.; Heinhorst, Sabine; Kerfeld, Cheryl A. (2010). "Carboxysomal carbonic anhydrases: Structure and role in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxysome
Soluble adenylyl cyclaseSoluble adenylyl cyclase
bicarbonate derived from carbonic anhydrase (CA)-dependent hydration. CO2 metabolism Enters through membrane-transporting ... sAC inside mitochondria is activated by metabolically generated CO2 through carbonic anhydrase. Astrocytes express several sAC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soluble_adenylyl_cyclase
John Tileston EdsallJohn Tileston Edsall
Rickli, E E; Edsall, J. T.; Ghazanfar, A S S; Gibbons, B H (1964). "Carbonic anhydrases from human erythrocytes". J. Biol. Chem ... and carbonic anhydrase. In 1944 John Edsall was a founding co-editor of the journal Advances in Protein Chemistry. He was ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tileston_Edsall
Cecilia Lutwak-MannCecilia Lutwak-Mann
Davenport, Horace W. (1 June 1984). "The Early Days of Research on Carbonic Anhydrase" (PDF). Annals of the New York Academy of ... Lutwak-Mann was known for discovering that the hormone progesterone acts on the placenta to control carbonic anhydrase ... Davenport, Horace W. (1 April 1980). "Carbonic Anhydrase, or the Strange Case of the Disappearing Scientist". The Physiologist ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecilia_Lutwak-Mann
Ciliary bodyCiliary body
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors also decrease fluid production. They are available as eye drops (Trusopt and Azopt) and pills ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliary_body
GLRXGLRX
2000). "Crystal structure of S-glutathiolated carbonic anhydrase III". FEBS Lett. 482 (3): 237-41. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLRX
Neonatal Fc receptorNeonatal Fc receptor
Kivelä J, Parkkila S, Waheed A, Parkkila AK, Sly WS, Rajaniemi H (December 1997). "Secretory carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme (CA ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_Fc_receptor
PolmacoxibPolmacoxib
It inhibits the enzymes carbonic anhydrase and COX-2. A study in healthy volunteers showed drug effects on urinary ... Exhibits a Drug Disposition Profile in Healthy Volunteers Compatible With High Affinity to Carbonic Anhydrase-I/II: Preliminary ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polmacoxib
KarbondioksidKarbondioksid
David W. Christianson, Carol A. Fierke: Carbonic anhydrase: Evolution of the zinc binding site by nature and by design. In: ...
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbondioksid
LisdexamfetamineLisdexamfetamine
Carbonic anhydrases hCA4, hCA5A, hCA5B, hCA7, hCA12, hCA13, and hCA14 (enzyme activator) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisdexamfetamine
List of diseases (C)List of diseases (C)
Carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome Carbon baby syndrome Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency Carcinoid syndrome Carcinoma ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diseases_(C)
Biometal (biology)Biometal (biology)
... for the need of zinc in human cells was shown until the late 1930s where its presence was demonstrated in carbonic anhydrase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biometal_(biology)
Physiological effects in spacePhysiological effects in space
... such as carbonic anhydrase II and myoglobin, over that predicted by the overall decrease in muscle protein synthesis. In ... "Effect of immobilization on carbonic anhydrase III and myoglobin content in human leg muscle". Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiological_effects_in_space
Loop diureticLoop diuretic
Thiazide (blockade of sodium-chloride symporter), amiloride (blockade of epithelial sodium channels) and carbonic anhydrase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop_diuretic
Winifred AshbyWinifred Ashby
She also contributed many studies of the carbonic anhydrase activity of the central nervous system. Women of Mayo Clinic Laura ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winifred_Ashby
GlaucomaGlaucoma
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors decrease bicarbonate formation from ciliary processes in the eye, thus decreasing the formation ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, such as dorzolamide, brinzolamide, and acetazolamide, lower secretion of aqueous humor by ... carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in the mid-1990s.. Early surgical techniques like iridectomy and fistulating methods have ... inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary body. Poor compliance with medications and follow-up visits is a major reason for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma
Zinc in biologyZinc in biology
In vertebrate blood, carbonic anhydrase converts CO 2 into bicarbonate and the same enzyme transforms the bicarbonate back into ... The non-related β-carbonic anhydrase is required in plants for leaf formation, the synthesis of indole acetic acid (auxin) and ... Two examples of zinc-containing enzymes are carbonic anhydrase and carboxypeptidase, which are vital to the processes of carbon ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_in_biology
Carbonic anhydrase III, muscle specificCarbonic anhydrase III, muscle specific
CA3 carbonic anhydrase III, muscle specific". Sly WS, Hu PY (1995). "Human carbonic anhydrases and carbonic anhydrase ... Carbonic anhydrase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA3 gene. Carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) is a member of a ... that encode carbonic anhydrase isozymes. These carbonic anhydrases are a class of metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible ... Du AL, Ren HM, Lu CZ, Tu JL, Xu CF, Sun YA (Mar 2009). "Carbonic anhydrase III is insufficient in muscles of myasthenia gravis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonic_anhydrase_III,_muscle_specific
MafenideMafenide
... is metabolized to a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, which could potentially result in metabolic acidosis.[citation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafenide
MetforminMetformin
... carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as topiramate), surgery, and other procedures, or in people having a radiological study with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metformin
CyanaseCyanase
... a combined application of cyanase and carbonic anhydrase has been used in a study. Qian D, Jiang L, Lu L, Wei C, Li Y (March ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanase
HydroflumethiazideHydroflumethiazide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, All stub articles, Cardiovascular system drug stubs). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroflumethiazide
SeagrassSeagrass
Towards a model for inorganic carbon uptake in seagrasses involving carbonic anhydrase. In Kuo J, Phillips RC, Walker DI, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seagrass
CA6CA6
... may refer to : Carbonic anhydrase VI, a human gene United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit CA-6 may refer to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CA6
Acid-base homeostasisAcid-base homeostasis
3 through the action of carbonic anhydrase. When the extracellular fluids tend towards acidity, the renal tubular cells secrete ... H2CO3] is the molar concentration of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid. However, since the carbonic acid concentration ... There, carbonic acid spontaneously dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions. When the pH in the ECF falls, hydrogen ... pKa H2CO3 is the cologarithm of the acid dissociation constant of carbonic acid. It is equal to 6.1. [HCO− 3] is the molar ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid–base_homeostasis
Streptomyces sioyaensisStreptomyces sioyaensis
ISBN 0-08-086577-1. editors, Susan C. Frost, Robert McKenna (2014). Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomyces_sioyaensis
Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1
... has been shown to interact with carbonic anhydrase II and CHP. It is also the target of the ... Li X, Alvarez B, Casey JR, Reithmeier RA, Fliegel L (September 2002). "Carbonic anhydrase II binds to and enhances activity of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium–hydrogen_antiporter_1
Chloride anion exchangerChloride anion exchanger
"The functional and physical relationship between the DRA bicarbonate transporter and carbonic anhydrase II". American Journal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride_anion_exchanger
Normal anion gap acidosisNormal anion gap acidosis
... often from normal saline Acetazolamide and other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Renal tubular acidosis Diarrhea: due to a loss ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_anion_gap_acidosis
Hydrophobic effectHydrophobic effect
"The binding of benzoarylsulfonamide ligands to human carbonic anhydrase is insensitive to formal fluorination of the ligand". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophobic_effect
Estrone sulfamateEstrone sulfamate
The sulfamate moiety of EMATE results in carbonic anhydrase binding which, in turn, results in EMATE being taken up into and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrone_sulfamate
CA8CA8
... continues to carry a carbonic anhydrase designation based on clear sequence identity to other members of the carbonic anhydrase ... Carbonic anhydrase-related protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CA8 gene. The CA8 protein lacks the catalytic ... Bergenhem NC, Sait SS, Eddy RL, Shows TB, Tashian RE (1995). "Assignment of the gene for human carbonic anhydrase VIII(CA8) to ... "Entrez Gene: CA8 carbonic anhydrase VIII". UniProt accession number: P35219; Retrieved 27 December 2019 Online Mendelian ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CA8
CaiCai
... a type of mineral Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, in pharmacology Codon Adaptation Index, a measure of codon bias in protein- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cai
ClofenamideClofenamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, All stub articles, Cardiovascular system drug stubs). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clofenamide
Carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency: MedlinePlus GeneticsCarbonic anhydrase VA deficiency: MedlinePlus Genetics
Carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency is an inherited disorder characterized by episodes of metabolic crisis abnormal brain function ... Human carbonic anhydrases and carbonic anhydrase deficiencies. Annu Rev Biochem. 1995;64:375-401. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi. ... Hyperammonemia due to carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency. *Hyperammonemic encephalopathy due to carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency ... medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/carbonic-anhydrase-va-deficiency/ Carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency. ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/carbonic-anhydrase-va-deficiency
Papilledema Medication: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, CorticosteroidsPapilledema Medication: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Corticosteroids
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Class Summary. Can be used in selected cases because they decrease the production of CSF and, ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act by inhibiting the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, thus inhibiting the production ... Diamox and other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can decrease the production of CSF. ...
https://www.medscape.com/answers/1217204-103449/which-medications-in-the-drug-class-corticosteroids-are-used-in-the-treatment-of-papilledema
Papilledema Medication: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, CorticosteroidsPapilledema Medication: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Corticosteroids
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Class Summary. Can be used in selected cases because they decrease the production of CSF and, ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act by inhibiting the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, thus inhibiting the production ... Diamox and other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can decrease the production of CSF. ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1217204-medication
Carbonic anhydrase - WikipediaCarbonic anhydrase - Wikipedia
Several forms of carbonic anhydrase occur in nature. In the best-studied α-carbonic anhydrase form present in animals, the zinc ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor Badger MR, Price GD (1994). "The role of carbonic anhydrase in photosynthesis". Annu. Rev. Plant ... Carbonic anhydrase could in principle prove relevant to carbon capture. Some carbonic anhydrases can withstand temperatures up ... Class one being alpha carbonic anhydrase which is found in mammals, class two being beta carbonic anhydrase which is found in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonic_anhydrase
Antiglaucoma, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors | Drug, OTCs & Herbals | Medscape ReferenceAntiglaucoma, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors | Drug, OTCs & Herbals | Medscape Reference
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Dosing, Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Patient Handouts, Pricing and more from Medscape ...
https://reference.medscape.com/drugs/antiglaucoma-carbonic-anhydrase-inhibitors
RCSB PDB - 6SDT: HUMAN CARBONIC ANHYDRASE VII IN COMPLEX WITH A SULFONAMIDE INHIBITORRCSB PDB - 6SDT: HUMAN CARBONIC ANHYDRASE VII IN COMPLEX WITH A SULFONAMIDE INHIBITOR
HUMAN CARBONIC ANHYDRASE VII IN COMPLEX WITH A SULFONAMIDE INHIBITOR ... Carbonic anhydrase 7. A. 274. Homo sapiens. Mutation(s): 2 Gene Names: CA7. EC: 4.2.1.1. ... Human carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms II and VII are implicated in neuronal excitation, seizures, and neuropathic ... Human carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms II and VII are implicated in neuronal excitation, seizures, and neuropathic ...
https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6SDT
JCI - Direct evidence of participation of rat lung carbonic anhydrase in CO2 reactions.JCI - Direct evidence of participation of rat lung carbonic anhydrase in CO2 reactions.
The Journal of Clinical ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/109168
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Sulfonamide Inhibition Studies of a New β-Carbonic Anhydrase from the Pathogenic Protozoan Entamoeba...IJMS | Free Full-Text | Sulfonamide Inhibition Studies of a New β-Carbonic Anhydrase from the Pathogenic Protozoan Entamoeba...
... carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the pathogenic protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, EhiCA, was recently shown to possess a ... Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Cloning, characterization, and inhibition studies of a new beta-carbonic anhydrase from ... beta-and gamma-carbonic anhydrases from Bacteria: Can bacterial carbonic anhydrases shed new light on evolution of bacteria? J ... Supuran, C.T. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and their potential in a range of therapeutic areas. Expert Opin. Ther. Pat. 2018, ...
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/12/3946
Red Eye Medication: Topical Antiviral Agents, Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Miotics, Direct-Acting,...Red Eye Medication: Topical Antiviral Agents, Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Miotics, Direct-Acting,...
Antiglaucoma, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Class Summary. CA is an enzyme found in many tissues of the body, including the ... It catalyzes a reversible reaction whereby carbon dioxide becomes hydrated and carbonic acid dehydrated. By slowing the ... carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors, and osmotic diuretics. ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1192122-medication
Omeprazole Has a Dual Mechanism of Action: It Inhibits Both H+K+ATPase and Gastric Mucosa Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme in Humans ...Omeprazole Has a Dual Mechanism of Action: It Inhibits Both H+K+ATPase and Gastric Mucosa Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme in Humans ...
Omeprazole Has a Dual Mechanism of Action: It Inhibits Both H+K+ATPase and Gastric Mucosa Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme in Humans ( ... Omeprazole Has a Dual Mechanism of Action: It Inhibits Both H+K+ATPase and Gastric Mucosa Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme in Humans ( ... Omeprazole Has a Dual Mechanism of Action: It Inhibits Both H+K+ATPase and Gastric Mucosa Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme in Humans ( ... Omeprazole Has a Dual Mechanism of Action: It Inhibits Both H+K+ATPase and Gastric Mucosa Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme in Humans ( ...
https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/290/2/530
RCSB PDB - 3GZ0: Apo-human carbonic anhydrase II revisited: Implications of the loss of a metal in protein structure, stability...RCSB PDB - 3GZ0: Apo-human carbonic anhydrase II revisited: Implications of the loss of a metal in protein structure, stability...
Apo-human carbonic anhydrase II revisited: Implications of the loss of a metal in protein structure, stability and solvent ... Carbonic anhydrase 2. A. 259. Homo sapiens. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: CA2. EC: 4.2.1.1 (PDB Primary Data), 4.2.1.69 (UniProt) ... Human carbonic anhydrase II (HCA II) is a monomeric zinc-containing metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydration of CO(2) to form ... Human carbonic anhydrase II (HCA II) is a monomeric zinc-containing metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydration of CO(2) to form ...
https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3GZ0
carbonic anhydrase catalyzes what reaction
The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction CO2(g)+H2O(l)HCO3-(aq)+H+(aq). Carbonic anhydrase, enzyme found in red ... Which reaction is catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase? The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction CO2(g)+H2O(l)HCO3-( ... Carbonic anhydrase is the enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction that makes carbonic acid (H2CO3). Hydrase is related to ... carbonic anhydrase an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of carbonic acid into carbon dioxide and water, facilitating ...
https://lavalldebo.org/43xcagqf/3c3493-carbonic-anhydrase-catalyzes-what-reaction
Rat Carbonic Anhydrase II ELISA kit, AMS.E02C0621 | AMSBIORat Carbonic Anhydrase II ELISA kit, AMS.E02C0621 | AMSBIO
This ELISA kit is a 1.5 hour solid-phase ELISA designed for the quantitative determination of the targets. This ELISA kit for research use only, not for therapeutic or diagnostic applications!
https://www.amsbio.com/rat-carbonic-anhydrase-ii-elisa-kit-amse02c0621
Characterization of two novel nodule-enhanced a-type carbonic anhydrases from Lotus japonicus | John Innes CentreCharacterization of two novel nodule-enhanced a-type carbonic anhydrases from Lotus japonicus | John Innes Centre
Characterization of two novel nodule-enhanced a-type carbonic anhydrases from Lotus japonicus 1st April 2011 ... Characterization of two novel nodule-enhanced a-type carbonic anhydrases from Lotus japonicus ...
https://www.jic.ac.uk/research-impact/publications/characterization-of-two-novel-nodule-enhanced-a-type-carbonic-anhydrases-from-lotus-japonicus/
Embryonic exposure to o,p′‐DDT causes eggshell thinning and altered shell gland carbonic anhydrase expression in the domestic...Embryonic exposure to o,p′‐DDT causes eggshell thinning and altered shell gland carbonic anhydrase expression in the domestic...
... hens from these exposure groups also had a significantly reduced frequency of shell gland capillaries with carbonic anhydrase ( ... Disrupted carbonic anhydrase distribution in the avian shell gland following in ovo exposure to estrogen. *L. Holm, C. Berg, B ... Embryonic exposure to o,p′‐DDT causes eggshell thinning and altered shell gland carbonic anhydrase expression in the domestic ... The eggshell thinning action of acetazolamide; Relation to the binding of Ca2+ and carbonic anhydrase activity of the shell ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Embryonic-exposure-to-o%2Cp%E2%80%B2%E2%80%90DDT-causes-eggshell-and-Holm-Blomqvist/4050e0ddd168d47ec64593e20fded8a66d6fa0cc
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors - General Practice notebookcarbonic anhydrase inhibitors - General Practice notebook
The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Copyright 2022 Oxbridge Solutions Ltd®. Any distribution or duplication of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. Oxbridge Solutions Ltd® receives funding from advertising but maintains editorial independence. GPnotebook stores small data files on your computer called cookies so that we can recognise you and provide you with the best service. If you do not want to receive cookies please do not use GPnotebook ...
https://gpnotebook.com/en-ie/simplepage.cfm?ID=-1630535636&linkID=8210
Carbonic Anhydrase (1500U/g), Bovine Erythrocytes
Carbonic anhydrase 9 is associated with chemosensitivity and prognosis in breast cancer patients treated with taxane and...Carbonic anhydrase 9 is associated with chemosensitivity and prognosis in breast cancer patients treated with taxane and...
The aim of this study was thus to clarify the correlation between expression of the hypoxic marker carbonic anhydrase-9 (CA9) ... Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) is a cell surface enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ... Aomatsu, N., Yashiro, M., Kashiwagi, S. et al. Carbonic anhydrase 9 is associated with chemosensitivity and prognosis in breast ... Carbonic anhydrase 9 is associated with chemosensitivity and prognosis in breast cancer patients treated with taxane and ...
https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-14-400
Hydrocephalus Medication: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Loop diureticsHydrocephalus Medication: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Loop diuretics
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Class Summary. These agents inhibit an enzyme found in many tissues of the body that catalyzes a ... Noncompetitive reversible inhibitor of enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which catalyzes the reaction between water and carbon dioxide ... and decreasing CSF production by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase. Used as adjunctive therapy with ACZ in temporary treatment of ... reversible reaction in which carbon dioxide becomes hydrated and carbonic acid dehydrated. These changes may result in a ...
https://emedicine.staging.medscape.com/article/1135286-medication
Oral, Topical Carbonic-Anhydrase Inhibitors for Glaucoma Similarly Safe
Whether glaucoma patients take carbonic-anhydrase inhibitors as pills or eye drops, the risk of severe adverse events is low, ... NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Whether glaucoma patients take carbonic-anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) as pills or eye drops, the risk ... "It remains important to weigh the decision to start oral carbonic-anhydrase inhibitors carefully, but I generally feel ...
http://www.staging.medscape.com/viewarticle/968083
Carbonic anhydrase IX unifies spatial pH(i) regulation in large cell-clusters - Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics ...
Carbonic anhydrase IX unifies spatial pH(i) regulation in large cell-clusters ... Carbonic anhydrase IX unifies spatial pH(i) regulation in large cell-clusters ...
https://www.dpag.ox.ac.uk/publications/106820
Carbonic Anhydrase | 碳酸酐酶 | 抑制剂 | MCECarbonic Anhydrase | 碳酸酐酶 | 抑制剂 | MCE
Carbonic anhydrases are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, including gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, ... Eight genetically distinct carbonic anhydrase enzyme families (α-, β-, γ- δ-, ζ-, η-, θ- and ι- CAs) were described to date. ... Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a zinc-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide: CO2carbonic anhydrase) 抑制剂，对人 carbonic anhydrase II 的 Ki 为 14 nM。Methazolamide 是一
https://www.medchemexpress.cn/Targets/Carbonic%20Anhydrase.html
Sulfonamide Inhibitors of Human Carbonic Anhydrases Designed through a Three-Tails Approach: Improving Ligand/Isoform Matching...Sulfonamide Inhibitors of Human Carbonic Anhydrases Designed through a Three-Tails Approach: Improving Ligand/Isoform Matching...
... has become a milestone in human carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (hCAI) design for various therapeutics, including antiglaucoma ... The "tail approach" has become a milestone in human carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (hCAI) design for various therapeutics, ... Sulfonamide Inhibitors of Human Carbonic Anhydrases Designed through a Three-Tails Approach: Improving Ligand/Isoform Matching ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32519851/
IMSEAR at SEARO: Assessment of carbonic anhydrase activity in blood by alteration in pH.IMSEAR at SEARO: Assessment of carbonic anhydrase activity in blood by alteration in pH.
... pH by hydration of CO2 in absence and presence of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor have been used to measure the carbonic anhydrase ... Carbonic anhydrase enzyme activity could be measured by manometeric and colorimetric techniques. A simpler and modified method ... Tripathi K, Upadhyay L. Assessment of carbonic anhydrase activity in blood by alteration in pH. Indian Journal of Experimental ... of carbonic anhydrase enzyme activity assessment in blood is proposed. In the present method differences in ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/59892
The antibody MAB8051 directed against osteoprotegerin detects carbonic anhydrase II: implications for association studies with...
However, here we show that the truncated protein identified by MAB8051 in cancer cell lines is carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), ... However, here we show that the truncated protein identified by MAB8051 in cancer cell lines is carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), ... The antibody MAB8051 directed against osteoprotegerin detects carbonic anhydrase II: implications for association studies with ... The antibody MAB8051 directed against osteoprotegerin detects carbonic anhydrase II: implications for association studies with ...
https://www.nds.ox.ac.uk/publications/120723
Regulation of tumor pH and the role of carbonic anhydrase 9. - Department of Oncology
Expression of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase 9 on the tumor cell surface catalyses the extracellular trapping of acid by ... We review mechanisms regulating tumor intracellular and extracellular pH, with a focus on carbonic anhydrase 9. We also review ... Antigens, Neoplasm, Bicarbonates, Carbon Dioxide, Carbonic Anhydrase IX, Carbonic Anhydrases, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion ... Expression of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase 9 on the tumor cell surface catalyses the extracellular trapping of acid by ...
https://www.oncology.ox.ac.uk/publications/106556?9a66c99c-7011-11ed-8566-061b866677b4
The production and biochemical characterization of α-carbonic anhydrase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG - TrepoThe production and biochemical characterization of α-carbonic anhydrase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG - Trepo
Key points: • The α-carbonic anhydrase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LrhCA) is 24.3 kDa. • LrhCA has significant catalytic ... The production and biochemical characterization of α-carbonic anhydrase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Urbański, Linda J.; ... Abstract: We report the production and biochemical characterization of an α-carbonic anhydrase (LrhCA) from gram-positive ...
https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/141669
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors | New-Glaucoma-Treatments.comCarbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors | New-Glaucoma-Treatments.com
FDA-Approved Oral Medications for Glaucoma - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (CAIs). Part 4 of 14 of "Adjusting the Faucet or ...
https://new-glaucoma-treatments.com/tag/carbonic-anhydrase-inhibitors/
InhibitorsRole of carbonicAbstractInhibitionCarbon dioxideCAIsProteinEnzyme carbonicAntiglaucomaLigandsBeta carbonic anhydraseHumanAntibodiesHumansCAIXOral carbonicCharacterizationHypoxiaCAIIRenalTumourHypoxicReactionZinc ionGeneMolecularCalcificationProteinsExpressionDeficiencyInhibitEnzymesCytotoxicAnticonvulsantsHydrationHomologousExtracellular
Inhibitors31
  • Diamox and other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can decrease the production of CSF. (medscape.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act by inhibiting the conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, thus inhibiting the production of both aqueous humor and CSF. (medscape.com)
  • Inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase are used to treat glaucoma, the excessive build-up of water in the eyes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Medications used to treat red eye depend on the underlying cause of the condition and may include antivirals, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cholinergic agents, carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors, and osmotic diuretics. (medscape.com)
  • NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Whether glaucoma patients take carbonic-anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) as pills or eye drops, the risk of severe adverse events is low, researchers in Canada report. (medscape.com)
  • Dr. Michael M. Lin, a glaucoma specialist at Massachusetts Eye and Ear in Boston, said, "It remains important to weigh the decision to start oral carbonic-anhydrase inhibitors carefully, but I generally feel comfortable prescribing acetazolamide to most of my patients who need additional intraocular pressure control. (medscape.com)
  • 7-Substituted-sulfocoumarins are isoform-selective, potent carbonic anhydrase II inhibitors. (unifi.it)
  • 7-Substituted-sulfocoumarins are isoform-selective, potent carbonic anhydrase II inhibitors / M. Tanc;F. Carta;M. Bozdag;A. Scozzafava;C. T. Supuran. (unifi.it)
  • Carbonic Anhydrase II in Complex with Carboxylic Acid-Based Inhibitors. (atomistry.com)
  • In people with juvenile retinoschisis, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may help with symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • New zinc binding motifs in the design of selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. (cnr.it)
  • These compounds were good inhibitors of the alpha-glycosidase, human carbonic anhydrase I and II isoforms and acetylcholinesterase enzyme withK(i)values in the range of 1.14 +/- 0.14-3.63 +/- 0.26 nM for alpha-glycosidase, 66.05 +/- 9.21-125.45 +/- 11.54 nM for hCA I, 89.14 +/- 10.43-170.22 +/- 26.05 nM for hCA II and 754.03 +/- 73.22-943.92 +/- 58.15 nM for AChE, respectively. (itu.edu.tr)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) are a class of drugs used to treat glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). (southsidemedical.net)
  • There are a few different types of oral medications that we might recommend, including beta blockers and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. (southsidemedical.net)
  • In this work, different series of benzothiazole-based sulphonamides 8a-c, 10, 12, 16a-b and carboxylic acids 14a-c were developed as novel SLC-0111 analogues with the goal of generating potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors. (figshare.com)
  • To investigate the factors associated with visual improvement in response to oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) and the occurrence of microvascular changes in patients with retinitis pigmentosa-associated cystoid macular edema (RP-CME). (octclub.org)
  • Eyes with CME extending to the outer nuclear layer or central fovea, and higher initial photoreceptor integrity may be prognostic factors associated with structural and functional improvements after carbonic anhydrase inhibitors treatment. (octclub.org)
  • It belongs to a class of drugs known as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. (internationaldrugmart.com)
  • Generic for Trusopt* can interact with oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. (internationaldrugmart.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are also available in pill form. (specsavers.ie)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are typically used 2-3 times a day, sometimes alone, but usually in combination with another anti-glaucoma eye drop. (specsavers.ie)
  • Topical hypotensive therapy with both timolol and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors has been shown to be efficacious at reducing intraocular pressure. (dovepress.com)
  • Many prospective studies have also suggested that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors augment ocular blood flow and vascular regulation independent of their hypotensive effects. (dovepress.com)
  • The purpose of this review is to appraise and critically evaluate the current body of literature investigating the effects of combined treatment with topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and timolol in patients with glaucoma with respect to ocular blood flow, visual function, and optic nerve head structure. (dovepress.com)
  • Topical prostaglandin analogues or beta-adrenergic receptor blockers are first used, followed by alpha-agonists or topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and infrequently, cholinergic agonists and oral therapy. (ajmc.com)
  • Supuran, CT Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of the membrane-bound human isozyme IV with anions. (bindingdb.org)
  • Comment: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) and salicylates inhibit each other's renal tubular secretion, resulting in increased plasma levels. (medscape.com)
  • Gallorini M , Berardi AC , Ricci A , Antonetti Lamorgese Passeri C , Zara S , Oliva F , Cataldi A , Carta F , Carradori S . Dual Acting Carbon Monoxide Releasing Molecules and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Differentially Modulate Inflammation in Human Tenocytes. (wjgnet.com)
  • Multitargeting approaches involving carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: hybrid drugs against a variety of disorders. (wjgnet.com)
  • The drugs may include Beta-blockers like betaxolol hydrochloride or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors dorzolamide and Sympathomimetics like brimonidine tartrate. (news-medical.net)
  • Sulfamic acid is also used in the design of various types of therapeutic agents including HIV protease inhibitors (PIs), antibiotics, anti-cancer drugs (carbonic anhydrase and steroid sulfatase inhibitors), anti-epileptic drugs, nucleoside human immunodeficiency virus that are reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and weight loss drugs. (sbwire.com)
Role of carbonic6
  • The main role of carbonic anhydrase in humans is to catalyze the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid and back again. (wikipedia.org)
  • Citation needed] Therefore, the role of carbonic anhydrase depends on where it is found in the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Regulation of tumor pH and the role of carbonic anhydrase 9. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Role of carbonic anhydrase IX in human tumor cell growth, survival, and invasion. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The development of small molecule affinity-based chemical probes as research tools for studying the role of carbonic anhydrases (CAs) in their wider biological context has become an active field of research owing to an increasing awareness of the therapeutic relevance of this enzyme family, particularly in diseases such as glaucoma (CA II) and solid tumors (CA IX, CA XII). (edu.au)
  • Badger MR, Price GD (1994) The role of carbonic anhydrase in photosynthesis. (e-opr.org)
Abstract3
  • Abstract: We report the production and biochemical characterization of an α-carbonic anhydrase (LrhCA) from gram-positive probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. (tuni.fi)
  • abstract = "Carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme VI (CA VI) plays an important role in the homeostasis of oral tissues participating in the processes of taste, protection of dental tissues against the loss of minerals, caries, and possibly in the formation of dental calculus in periodontal disease. (tuni.fi)
  • Abstract: The North America Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor market size is $XX million USD in 2018 with XX CAGR from 2014 to 2018, and it is expected to reach $XX million USD by the end of 2024 with a CAGR of XX% from 2019 to 2024. (marketresearchinc.com)
Inhibition3
  • The compounds were tested for the inhibition of the zinc enzyme human (h) carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1). (unifi.it)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibition effects of various phenolic standards, honey, propolis, and pollen species on human carbonic anhydrase I and II. (propolisscience.org)
  • Lack of effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibition on direct measurements of endolymph bicarbonate. (harvard.edu)
Carbon dioxide9
  • This gene provides instructions for making the carbonic anhydrase VA enzyme, which helps convert carbon dioxide to a substance called bicarbonate. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The carbonic anhydrases (or carbonate dehydratases) (EC 4.2.1.1) form a family of enzymes that catalyze the interconversion between carbon dioxide and water and the dissociated ions of carbonic acid (i.e. bicarbonate and hydrogen ions). (wikipedia.org)
  • Relating the Bohr effect to carbonic anhydrase is simple: carbonic anhydrase speeds up the reaction of carbon dioxide reacting with water to produce hydrogen ions (protons) and bicarbonate ions. (wikipedia.org)
  • These agents inhibit an enzyme found in many tissues of the body that catalyzes a reversible reaction in which carbon dioxide becomes hydrated and carbonic acid dehydrated. (medscape.com)
  • Noncompetitive reversible inhibitor of enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which catalyzes the reaction between water and carbon dioxide, resulting in protons and carbonate. (medscape.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a zinc-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide: CO 2 + H 2 O ⇋ HCO 3 - + H + . Eight genetically distinct carbonic anhydrase enzyme families (α-, β-, γ- δ-, ζ-, η-, θ- and ι- CAs) were described to date. (medchemexpress.cn)
  • The carbonic anhydrases are indentified as metalloenzyme for its zinc ion prosthetic group, it can catalyze the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons. (medchemexpress.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the reversible condensation of water and carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and a proton. (unc.edu)
  • One current study of this microbe by Alber, B.E. and Ferry J.G., determined that Methanosaeta thermophila archaea produce a carbonic anhydrase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of water with carbon dioxide. (kenyon.edu)
CAIs1
  • CAIs work by inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase enzyme, which is involved in the production of aqueous humor (the clear fluid that fills the space between the cornea and iris). (southsidemedical.net)
Protein5
  • However, here we show that the truncated protein identified by MAB8051 in cancer cell lines is carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), also implicated in tumour biology. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Carbonic Anhydrase 14 Protein, Human (His) is an approximately 40.0 kDa human carbonic anhydrase 14 protein with a His-flag. (medchemexpress.com)
  • Among other work we have determined shell protein structures, determined the structure of both carbonic anhydrases that are encapsulated, and shown that the mechanism of RubisCO recruitment operates differently than assumed. (uoguelph.ca)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is one of several isozymes of carbonic anhydrase. (antibodies-online.com)
  • Artificial sweeteners are used in diet drinks and foods but also could someday be used as treatments targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), a protein associated with aggressive cancers. (phys.org)
Enzyme carbonic2
  • Expression of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase 9 on the tumor cell surface catalyses the extracellular trapping of acid by hydrating cell-generated CO(2) into [see text] and H(+). These mechanisms contribute towards an acidic extracellular milieu favoring tumor growth, invasion and development. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Now consider convergence at the molecular level, specifically the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. (mysteriousuniverse.org)
Antiglaucoma1
  • The "tail approach" has become a milestone in human carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (hCAI) design for various therapeutics, including antiglaucoma agents. (nih.gov)
Ligands1
  • We designed compatible low-molecular weight carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) ligands and doxorubicin (Dox) ligands and optimized protocols for efficient decoration of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to achieve both good targeting ligand density and optimum drug loading, while preserving colloidal stability. (uthscsa.edu)
Beta carbonic anhydrase2
  • Class one being alpha carbonic anhydrase which is found in mammals, class two being beta carbonic anhydrase which is found in bacteria and plants and lastly, class three which is gamma carbonic anhydrase which is found in methanogen bacteria in hot springs. (wikipedia.org)
  • The beta-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the fungal pathogen Candida albicans (Nce103) is involved in a CO(2) sensing pathway critical for the pathogen life cycle and amenable to drug design studies. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Human11
  • Human carbonic anhydrase II (HCA II) is a monomeric zinc-containing metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydration of CO(2) to form bicarbonate and a proton. (rcsb.org)
  • The antibody MAB8051 directed against osteoprotegerin detects carbonic anhydrase II: implications for association studies with human cancers. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A DNA sequence encoding the Homo sapiens (Human) Carbonic Anhydrase IX, was expressed in the hosts and tags indicated. (enquirebio.com)
  • This study aimed to verify the correlation between changes in the expression and activity of human salivary carbonic anhydrase VI and genetic polymorphisms in its gene (CA6). (tuni.fi)
  • Structural Analysis of Inhibitor Binding to Human Carbonic Anhydrase II. (atomistry.com)
  • The Carbonic Anhydrase Vi (Cavi) Igg Antibodies reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (cropsciencejournal.org)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Carbonic Anhydrase VI (CA6) in samples from Serum, plasma, saliva and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (cropsciencejournal.org)
  • Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Carbonic Anhydrase VI (CA6) in samples from serum, plasma, saliva or other biological fluids. (cropsciencejournal.org)
  • Investigation of the inhibitory properties of some phenolic standards and bee products against human carbonic anhydrase I and II. (propolisscience.org)
  • All compounds were examined as inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and II, and all of them inhibited hCA I and hCA II. (inonu.edu.tr)
  • Two pathological relevant proteins, human aldose reductase and human carbonic anhydrase, were used as model proteins to get insights into the process of molecular recognition. (uni-marburg.de)
Antibodies1
  • Igg Antibody Laboratories manufactures the carbonic anhydrase vi (cavi) igg antibodies reagents distributed by Genprice. (cropsciencejournal.org)
Humans1
  • In this study our experiments followed in vitro and in vivo the effect of omeprazole on purified and erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase (CA) I and II isozymes, as well as on gastric mucosa CA IV in humans. (aspetjournals.org)
CAIX2
  • Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase (CA), strongly induced by hypoxia. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is an enzyme upregulated by hypoxia during tumour development and progression. (c3m-nice.fr)
Oral carbonic1
  • Effect of Oral Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor on Cystoid Macular Edema Associated wıth Retinitis Pigmentosa: An OCT and OCT Angiography Study. (octclub.org)
Characterization1
  • Identification and characterization of a carbonic anhydrase involved in virulence and bacterial competition of Pseudomonas syringae pv. (usda.gov)
Hypoxia2
  • Carbonic anhydrase IX is a hypoxia-induced enzyme that has many biologically important functions, including its role in cell adhesion and invasion. (finna.fi)
  • Carbonic anhydrase IX, a biomarker of hypoxia, as a poor prognostic factor in invasive breast cancer: results from 321 cases in a tissue microarray series. (ox.ac.uk)
CAII2
  • The most common cause is carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) deficiency. (bmj.com)
  • In 1983, Sly et al 4 showed that in patients with this syndrome, carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) activity in erythrocytes was absent, suggesting that this was the primary defect. (bmj.com)
Renal1
  • Carbonic anhydrase is one important enzyme that is found in red blood cells, gastric mucosa, pancreatic cells, and even renal tubules. (wikipedia.org)
Tumour1
  • High levels of carbonic anhydrase IX in tumour tissue and plasma are biomarkers of poor prognostic in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. (c3m-nice.fr)
Hypoxic2
  • The aim of this study was thus to clarify the correlation between expression of the hypoxic marker carbonic anhydrase-9 (CA9) and chemosensitivity to NAC as well as prognosis of breast cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For this purpose, we constructed a gold nanoplatform targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) epitope, which is overexpressed in hypoxic tumor cells versus in normal tissues. (uthscsa.edu)
Reaction2
  • To describe equilibrium in the carbonic anhydrase reaction, Le Chatelier's principle is used. (wikipedia.org)
  • Without the carbonic anhydrase catalyst, the reaction is very slow, however with the catalyst the reaction is 107 times faster. (wikipedia.org)
Zinc ion1
  • The active site of most carbonic anhydrases contains a zinc ion. (wikipedia.org)
Gene4
  • Carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency is caused by mutations in the CA5A gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in the CA5A gene result in absent or impaired carbonic anhydrase VA enzyme function, leading to reduced bicarbonate production. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Studies suggest that a related enzyme produced from the CA5B gene may increasingly compensate for the lack of carbonic anhydrase VA as affected individuals mature, which may result in a reduced risk of metabolic crisis and acute encephalopathy after childhood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • One of the best-studied of these gene families comprises the α- carbonic anhydrases (CAs), which catalyse the reversible transformation of CO 2 to HCO 3 − and fulfill many physiological functions. (biomedcentral.com)
Molecular1
  • To investigate their possible antitumor activity, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed with Carbonic anhydrase, a prognostic factor in several cancers, and compared to the native ligand, 5-acetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazole- 2-sulfonamide. (ac.rs)
Calcification2
  • Carbonic anhydrases play important roles in balancing pH, lipid biogenesis, calcification, and pathogenesis of bacteria. (usda.gov)
  • Domains ruling for calcification mechanisms, e.g. carbonic anhydrase,chitin binding and tyrosinase remained common in all the species signing sustained calcifying control proteins. (canal-u.tv)
Proteins3
  • The carbonic anhydrasekl (CA) family consists of at least 11 enzymatically active members and a few inactive homologous proteins [2] . (medchemexpress.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) belong to the metalloenzymes family of proteins. (springeropen.com)
  • The chemists have tested their system on two proteins - the enzymes carbonic anhydrase and citrate synthase. (newscientist.com)
Expression1
  • MSU crystals in the presence of RANKL augmented osteoclast differentiation, with enhanced mRNA expression of NFATc1, cathepsin K, carbonic anhydrase II, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), in comparison to RAW 264.7 macrophages incubated in the presence of RANKL alone. (hindawi.com)
Deficiency8
  • Carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency is an inherited disorder characterized by episodes during which the balance of certain substances in the body is disrupted (known as metabolic crisis) and brain function is abnormal (known as acute encephalopathy). (medlineplus.gov)
  • During an episode, people with carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency have excess ammonia in the blood (hyperammonemia), problems with acid-base balance in the blood (metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis), low glucose in the blood (hypoglycemia), and reduced production of a substance called bicarbonate in the liver. (medlineplus.gov)
  • People with carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency typically first experience episodes of the disorder by age 2. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Between episodes, children with carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency are generally healthy, and more than half have no further episodes after the first one. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Because of the small number of people with carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency who have come to medical attention, the effects of this disorder in adults are not well understood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The prevalence of carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
  • researchers suspect that some babies diagnosed with transient hyperammonemia may actually have carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Insufficient bicarbonate results in impaired control of acid-base balance and reduces the activity of the four affected mitochondrial enzymes, resulting in the various biochemical abnormalities associated with carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
Inhibit1
  • Polyphenols are important secondary products of plants with the potential to inhibit carbonic anhydrases. (propolisscience.org)
Enzymes2
  • The carbonic anhydrase VA enzyme is particularly important in the liver, where it provides bicarbonate needed by four enzymes in the energy-producing centers of cells (mitochondria). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Since carbonic anhydrases are conserved among bacterial plant pathogens, these enzymes represent promising new targets for the development of anti-bacterial agents. (usda.gov)
Cytotoxic1
  • Cytotoxic effects, carbonic anhydrase is. (itu.edu.tr)
Anticonvulsants1
  • Zonisamide is used in the treatment of seizures and belongs to the drug class carbonic anhydrase inhibitor anticonvulsants . (drugs.com)
Hydration1
  • In the present method differences in pH by hydration of CO2 in absence and presence of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor have been used to measure the carbonic anhydrase activity in the blood. (who.int)
Homologous1
  • Enzyme-accelerated and structure-guided crystallization of calcium carbonate: Role of the carbonic anhydrase in the homologous system. (mpg.de)
Extracellular2
  • We review mechanisms regulating tumor intracellular and extracellular pH, with a focus on carbonic anhydrase 9. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Down-regulation of extracellular carbonic anhydrase occurred faster in the high CO 2 treatment. (biorxiv.org)
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