OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Carbonic AcidHistamine AgentsCarbonatesCarbonic AnhydrasesCarbon DioxideBicarbonatesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationCalcium CarbonateUnited States Government AgenciesNisinJudgmentDry IceDictionaries, MedicalDictionaries as TopicGasesDictionaries, ChemicalTerminology as TopicSalicylic AcidArabidopsis ProteinsArabidopsisCarbonic Anhydrase IIOctamer Transcription FactorsCarbonic Anhydrase InhibitorsAuthorshipKnowledge BasesGeologyEncyclopedias as TopicEstersAcid-Base EquilibriumAcidosis, RespiratoryInsulin, Regular, HumanDiamideAccess to InformationFormaldehydeBuffersHEPESTromethaminePhosphatesAfrican AmericansIndians, North AmericanScienceAsian AmericansMexican AmericansUnited StatesHispanic AmericansDihydroxyacetone PhosphateCitric Acid CycleDihydroxyacetoneTriosesCosmic RadiationNeutronsAtmosphereSaturnExtraterrestrial EnvironmentSolar ActivityCarbon
Carbonic Acid: Carbonic acid (H2C03). The hypothetical acid of carbon dioxide and water. It exists only in the form of its salts (carbonates), acid salts (hydrogen carbonates), amines (carbamic acid), and acid chlorides (carbonyl chloride). (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Histamine Agents: Drugs used for their actions on histaminergic systems. Included are drugs that act at histamine receptors, affect the life cycle of histamine, or affect the state of histaminergic cells.Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Carbonic Anhydrases: A family of zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They play an important role in the transport of CARBON DIOXIDE from the tissues to the LUNG. EC 4.2.1.1.Carbon Dioxide: A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.Hydrogen-Ion Concentration: The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.United States Government Agencies: Agencies of the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT of the United States.Nisin: A 34-amino acid polypeptide antibiotic produced by Streptococcus lactis. It has been used as a food preservative in canned fruits and vegetables, and cheese.Judgment: The process of discovering or asserting an objective or intrinsic relation between two objects or concepts; a faculty or power that enables a person to make judgments; the process of bringing to light and asserting the implicit meaning of a concept; a critical evaluation of a person or situation.Dry Ice: A solid form of carbon dioxide used as a refrigerant.Dictionaries, MedicalDictionaries as Topic: Lists of words, usually in alphabetical order, giving information about form, pronunciation, etymology, grammar, and meaning.Gases: The vapor state of matter; nonelastic fluids in which the molecules are in free movement and their mean positions far apart. Gases tend to expand indefinitely, to diffuse and mix readily with other gases, to have definite relations of volume, temperature, and pressure, and to condense or liquefy at low temperatures or under sufficient pressure. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Dictionaries, ChemicalTerminology as Topic: The terms, expressions, designations, or symbols used in a particular science, discipline, or specialized subject area.Salicylic Acid: A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions.Arabidopsis Proteins: Proteins that originate from plants species belonging to the genus ARABIDOPSIS. The most intensely studied species of Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, is commonly used in laboratory experiments.Arabidopsis: A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.Carbonic Anhydrase II: A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme found widely distributed in cells of almost all tissues. Deficiencies of carbonic anhydrase II produce a syndrome characterized by OSTEOPETROSIS, renal tubular acidosis (ACIDOSIS, RENAL TUBULAR) and cerebral calcification. EC 4.2.1.-Octamer Transcription Factors: A family of POU domain factors that bind the octamer motif ATTTGCAT in enhancer and PROMOTER REGIONS to regulate GENE EXPRESSION.Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: A class of compounds that reduces the secretion of H+ ions by the proximal kidney tubule through inhibition of CARBONIC ANHYDRASES.Authorship: The profession of writing. Also the identity of the writer as the creator of a literary production.Knowledge Bases: Collections of facts, assumptions, beliefs, and heuristics that are used in combination with databases to achieve desired results, such as a diagnosis, an interpretation, or a solution to a problem (From McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed).Geology: The science of the earth and other celestial bodies and their history as recorded in the rocks. It includes the study of geologic processes of an area such as rock formations, weathering and erosion, and sedimentation. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Encyclopedias as Topic: Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)EstersAcid-Base Equilibrium: The balance between acids and bases in the BODY FLUIDS. The pH (HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION) of the arterial BLOOD provides an index for the total body acid-base balance.Acidosis, Respiratory: Respiratory retention of carbon dioxide. It may be chronic or acute.Insulin, Regular, Human: Regular insulin preparations that contain the HUMAN insulin peptide sequence.Diamide: A sulfhydryl reagent which oxidizes sulfhydryl groups to the disulfide form. It is a radiation-sensitizing agent of anoxic bacterial and mammalian cells.Access to Information: Individual's rights to obtain and use information collected or generated by others.Formaldehyde: A highly reactive aldehyde gas formed by oxidation or incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative. Formaldehyde solution (formalin) is considered a hazardous compound, and its vapor toxic. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p717)Buffers: A chemical system that functions to control the levels of specific ions in solution. When the level of hydrogen ion in solution is controlled the system is called a pH buffer.HEPES: A dipolar ionic buffer.Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)Phosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.African Americans: Persons living in the United States having origins in any of the black groups of Africa.Indians, North American: Individual members of North American ethnic groups with ancient historic ancestral origins in Asia.Science: The study of natural phenomena by observation, measurement, and experimentation.Asian Americans: Persons living in the United States having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent.Mexican Americans: Persons living in the United States of Mexican descent.United StatesHispanic Americans: Persons living in the United States of Mexican (MEXICAN AMERICANS), Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin. The concept does not include Brazilian Americans or Portuguese Americans.Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate: An important intermediate in lipid biosynthesis and in glycolysis.Citric Acid Cycle: A series of oxidative reactions in the breakdown of acetyl units derived from GLUCOSE; FATTY ACIDS; or AMINO ACIDS by means of tricarboxylic acid intermediates. The end products are CARBON DIOXIDE, water, and energy in the form of phosphate bonds.Dihydroxyacetone: A ketotriose compound. Its addition to blood preservation solutions results in better maintenance of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels during storage. It is readily phosphorylated to dihydroxyacetone phosphate by triokinase in erythrocytes. In combination with naphthoquinones it acts as a sunscreening agent.TriosesCosmic Radiation: High-energy radiation or particles from extraterrestrial space that strike the earth, its atmosphere, or spacecraft and may create secondary radiation as a result of collisions with the atmosphere or spacecraft.Neutrons: Electrically neutral elementary particles found in all atomic nuclei except light hydrogen; the mass is equal to that of the proton and electron combined and they are unstable when isolated from the nucleus, undergoing beta decay. Slow, thermal, epithermal, and fast neutrons refer to the energy levels with which the neutrons are ejected from heavier nuclei during their decay.Atmosphere: The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)Saturn: The sixth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its twelve natural satellites include Phoebe and Titan.Extraterrestrial Environment: The environment outside the earth or its atmosphere. The environment may refer to a closed cabin (such as a space shuttle or space station) or to space itself, the moon, or other planets.Solar Activity: Any type of variation in the appearance of energy output of the sun. (NASA Thesaurus, 1994)Carbon: A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.

Modifications of proteins by polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation products. (1/33)

The ability of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters to modify amino acid residues in bovine serum albumin (BSA), glutamine synthetase, and insulin in the presence of a metal-catalyzed oxidation system [ascorbate/Fe(III)/O(2)] depends on the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acid. The fatty acid-dependent generation of carbonyl groups and loss of lysine residues increased in the order methyl linoleate < methyl linolenate < methyl arachidonate. The amounts of alkyl hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, and a number of other aldehydes that accumulated when polyunsaturated fatty acids were oxidized in the presence of BSA were significantly lower than that observed in the absence of BSA. Direct treatment of proteins with various lipid hydroperoxides led to a slight increase in the formation of protein carbonyl derivatives, whereas treatment with the hydroperoxides together with Fe(II) led to a substantial increase in the formation of protein carbonyls. These results are consistent with the proposition that metal-catalyzed oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids can contribute to the generation of protein carbonyls by direct interaction of lipid oxidation products (alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes) with lysine residues (Michael addition reactions) and also by interactions with alkoxyl radicals obtained by Fe(II) cleavage of lipid hydroperoxides that are formed. In addition, saturated aldehydes derived from the polyunsaturated fatty acids likely react with lysine residues to form Schiff base adducts.  (+info)

Cryopreservation reduces the ability of hamster 2-cell embryos to regulate intracellular pH. (2/33)

Vitrification of hamster 2-cell embryos impairs the activity of both the Na(+)/H(+) antiporter and HCO(3)(-)/Cl(-) exchanger; the two transport proteins responsible for the regulation of intracellular pH (pHi). The activities of both the Na(+)/H(+) antiporter and HCO(3)(-)/Cl(-) exchanger were significantly reduced at 4 h following warming compared to freshly collected embryos. Normal levels of activity of both transporters were not restored until 6 h after warming. Thus, cryopreservation of cleavage stage hamster embryos has a detrimental effect on their ability to maintain intracellular ionic homeostasis. Impairment of these pHi regulatory proteins resulted in the pHi of embryos being significantly elevated from the control values of 1.2 to 7.35 for approximately 4 h after warming. In addition, an elevated pHi value significantly impaired oxidative metabolism. Therefore, the loss in developmental competence of embryos following cryopreservation may in part be explained by a reduced ability to regulate intracellular pH that results in perturbations in metabolism and disruption of energy production.  (+info)

Extracellular HCO(3)(-) dependence of electrogenic Na/HCO(3) cotransporters cloned from salamander and rat kidney. (3/33)

We studied the extracellular [HCOabstract (3) (-)] dependence of two renal clones of the electrogenic Na/HCO(3) cotransporter (NBC) heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes. We used microelectrodes to measure the change in membrane potential (DeltaV(m)) elicited by the NBC cloned from the kidney of the salamander Ambystoma tigrinum (akNBC) and by the NBC cloned from the kidney of rat (rkNBC). We used a two-electrode voltage clamp to measure the change in current (DeltaI) elicited by rkNBC. Briefly exposing an NBC-expressing oocyte to HCOabstract (3 )(-)/CO(2) (0.33-99 mM HCOabstract (3)(-), pH(o) 7.5) elicited an immediate, DIDS (4, 4-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid)-sensitive and Na(+)-dependent hyperpolarization (or outward current). In DeltaV(m) experiments, the apparent K(m ) for HCOabstract (3)(-) of akNBC (10. 6 mM) and rkNBC (10.8 mM) were similar. However, under voltage-clamp conditions, the apparent K(m) for HCOabstract (3)(-) of rkNBC was less (6.5 mM). Because it has been reported that SOabstract (3)(=)/HSO abstract (3)(-) stimulates Na/HCO(3 ) cotransport in renal membrane vesicles (a result that supports the existence of a COabstract (3)(=) binding site with which SOabstract (3)(=) interacts), we examined the effect of SOabstract (3)(=)/HSO abstract (3)(-) on rkNBC. In voltage-clamp studies, we found that neither 33 mM SOabstract (4)(=) nor 33 mM SOabstract (3) (=)/HSOabstract (3)(-) substantially affects the apparent K(m) for HCO abstract (3)(-). We also used microelectrodes to monitor intracellular pH (pH(i)) while exposing rkNBC-expressing oocytes to 3.3 mM HCOabstract (3 )(-)/0.5% CO(2). We found that SO abstract (3)(=)/HSOabstract (3 )(-) did not significantly affect the DIDS-sensitive component of the pH(i) recovery from the initial CO(2 )-induced acidification. We also monitored the rkNBC current while simultaneously varying [CO(2)](o), pH(o), and [COabstract (3)(=)](o) at a fixed [HCOabstract (3)(-)](o) of 33 mM. A Michaelis-Menten equation poorly fitted the data expressed as current versus [COabstract (3)(=)](o ). However, a pH titration curve nicely fitted the data expressed as current versus pH(o). Thus, rkNBC expressed in Xenopus oocytes does not appear to interact with SOabstract (3 )(=), HSOabstract (3)(-), or COabstract (3)(=).  (+info)

The effect of feeding on the respiratory activity of the sloth. (4/33)

The aim of the present study was to confirm whether feeding influences the resting breathing rate and to observe possible alterations in blood gas and pH levels produced by feeding in unanesthetized sloths (Bradypus variegatus). Five adult male sloths (4.1 +/- 0.6 kg) were placed daily in an experimental chair for a period of at least 4 h for sitting adaptation. Five measurements were made for each sloth. However, the sloths one, two and five were studied once and the sloths three and four were studied twice. Breathing rate was determined with an impedance meter and the output signal was digitized. Arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis with a BGE electrolytes analyzer and adjusted for the animal's body temperature and hemoglobin content. The data are reported as mean +/- SD and were collected during the resting period (8:00-10:00 h) and during the feeding period (16:00-18:00 h). The mean breathing rate increased during mastication of ymbahuba leaves (rest: 5.0 +/- 1, feeding: 10 +/- 1 bpm). No significant alterations were observed in arterial pH (rest: 7.42 +/- 0.05, feeding: 7.45 +/- 0.03), PCO2 (rest: 35.2 +/- 5.3, feeding: 33.3 +/- 4.4 mmHg) or PO2 (rest: 77.5 +/- 8.2, feeding: 78.4 +/- 5.2 mmHg) levels. These results indicate that in unanesthetized sloths 1) feeding evokes an increase in breathing rate without a significant change in arterial pH, PCO2 or PO2 levels, and 2) the increase in breathing rate produced by feeding probably is due to the act of mastication.  (+info)

Foraminiferal calcification response to glacial-interglacial changes in atmospheric CO2. (5/33)

A record of foraminiferal shell weight across glacial-interglacial Termination I shows a response related to seawater carbonate ion concentration and allows reconstruction of a record of carbon dioxide in surface seawater that matches the atmospheric record. The results support suggestions that higher atmospheric carbon dioxide directly affects marine calcification, an effect that may be of global importance to past and future changes in atmospheric CO2. The process provides negative feedback to the influence of marine calcification on atmospheric carbon dioxide and is of practical importance to the application of paleoceanographic proxies.  (+info)

Carbon dioxide combining properties of the blood of the shore crab Carcinus maenas (L): carbon dioxide solubility coefficient and carbonic acid dissociation constants. (6/33)

The carbon dioxide solubility coefficient, alphaCO2, and the apparent carbonic acid dissociation constants, K'1 and K'2 were estimated in the serum of the crab Carcinus maenas at various temperatures and ionic strengths. At 15 degrees C, the indirectly determined alphaCO2 value is 0-0499 m-mole l-1 torr-1 for crabs living in normal sea water (salinity ca. 35 percent). It is apparently independent of the serum protein concentration and of the stage of the moulting cycle. For crabs living in undiluted sea water, the mean pK'1 value, determined either gasometrically or titrimetrically, is 6-027 at 15 degrees C. At the same temperature, pK'2=9-29. These values approximate to those of sea water at 35 percent salinity. pK'1 drops as temperature rises; the measured deltapK'1/deltat is -0-0053 pH unit degrees C-1 between 10 and 30 degrees C. PK'1 rises as the ionic strength is lowered. Alignment nomograms have been constructed for the determination of alphaCO2, pK'1 and pK'2 values in relation to various conditions of temperature and salinity.  (+info)

Oxidized tissue proteins after intestinal reperfusion injury in rats. (7/33)

PURPOSE: To analyse if the carbonyl proteins measurement could be validated as a method that allows the identification of an intestinal oxidative stress after ischemia and reperfusion injury. METHODS: Twenty-five male Wistar rats (n = 21) weighting 200 to 250 g were divided into three groups. Group I--control (n = 10). Group II--sham (n = 5) and Group III (n = 10) subjected to 60 minutes of intestinal ischemia and equal period of reperfusion. For this purpose it was clamped the superior mesenteric artery in its distal third. Histological changes and carbonyl protein levels were determined in the samples of all groups. In group III, samples of both normal and reperfused ileal segment were studied. RESULTS: All the reperfused segments showed mucosal and submucosal swelling and inflammatory infiltrate of the lamina propria. Levels of carbonyl protein rose in group III, including in the non-ischemic segments. The sensitivity and specificity of the carbonyl protein tissue levels were respectively 94% and 88%. CONCLUSION: The carbonyl protein method is a useful biologic marker of oxidative stress after the phenomenon of intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in rats. It was also noteworthy that the effects of oxidative stress could be seen far from the locus of the primary injury.  (+info)

Isolation and characterization of a novel uronic acid-containing acidic glycosphingolipid from the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi. (8/33)

A novel uronic acid-containing glycosphingolipid (UGL-1) was isolated from the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi. UGL-1 was prepared from chloroform-methanol extracts and purified by the use of successive column chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex, Florisil, and Iatrobeads. Chemical structural analysis was performed using methylation analysis, gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and 1H-NMR spectra. The chemical structure of UGL-1 was determined to be a glucuronic acid-containing glycosphingolipid, Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcAbeta1-1Cer. The ceramide component was composed of C16:0 and C18:0 acids and C16-, C17-, and C18-phytosphingosines as major components.  (+info)

Carbonic acid - WikipediaCarbonic acid - Wikipedia
Carbonic acid is the chemical compoond wi the formula H2CO3 (equivalently OC(OH)2). It is an aa a name sometimes given tae solutions o carbon dioxide in watter (carbonatit watter), acause such solutions contain smaa amoonts o H2CO3. Carbonic acid, which is a weak acid, furms twa kinds o sauts, the carbonates an the bicarbonates. In geology, Carbonic acid causes limestane tae dissolve producin calcium bicarbonate which leads tae mony limestone featurs such as stalactites an stalagmites.. ...
Effect of carbonic acid of different concentrations of the glycolysis processes and tricarboxylic acid cycle in rat liver...Effect of carbonic acid of different concentrations of the glycolysis processes and tricarboxylic acid cycle in rat liver...
A rise in the carbonic acid and pH level in rat blood determines an increase in oxidative properties of the liver cell cytoplasm. Simultaneously the content of alpha-ketoglutarate, isocitrate, glutamate, alpha-glycerophosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, pyruvate, lactate, malate increases and the level of glucose, glutamine and ammonia decreases. The in vitro experiments showed that the rise in the level of carbonic acid in the incubation medium from 10 up to 40 mM under all the studied values of pH (7.2, 7.4, 7.6) stimulates formation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate, malate, pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate (by 1.5-2.0 times). The same regularity is observed for lactate and glutamate at pH 7.4 and 7.6. The increase in the level of carbonic acid under the all studied values of pH produces a 1.5-fold decrease in the ammonia concentration.
CAS No.49758-57-8,Carbonic acid, phenyl 4-(triphenoxymethyl)phenyl ester SuppliersCAS No.49758-57-8,Carbonic acid, phenyl 4-(triphenoxymethyl)phenyl ester Suppliers
Find quality suppliers and manufacturers of 49758-57-8(Carbonic acid, phenyl 4-(triphenoxymethyl)phenyl ester) for price inquiry. where to buy 49758-57-8(Carbonic acid, phenyl 4-(triphenoxymethyl)phenyl ester).Also offer free database of 49758-57-8(Carbonic acid, phenyl 4-(triphenoxymethyl)phenyl ester) including MSDS sheet(poisoning, toxicity, hazards and safety),chemical properties,Formula, density and structure, solution etc.
What Is the Balanced Equation for the Formation of Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)? | Reference.comWhat Is the Balanced Equation for the Formation of Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)? | Reference.com
The balanced equation for the formation of carbonic acid is CO2 + H2O H2CO2 H+ + HCO3-. Carbonic acid forms from the dissolution of water, or H2O, in carbon dioxide, or...
Carbonic Acid (H2CO3) - Structure, Formula, Properties & Uses with VideosCarbonic Acid (H2CO3) - Structure, Formula, Properties & Uses with Videos
Carbonic acid is the Compound Which Corresponds to the Chemical Formula H2CO3. Learn about the Structure, Physical and Chemical Properties, and the Uses of Carbonic Acid.
Amino-Carbonyl Reactions in the Aging Human Lens - Vincent MonnierAmino-Carbonyl Reactions in the Aging Human Lens - Vincent Monnier
The focus of our research is to investigate the hypothesis that amino-carbonyl reactions from ascorbic acid play a role in nuclear sclerosis of the aging lens....
Scale formation in desalination plants: effect of carbon dioxide solubility<...Scale formation in desalination plants: effect of carbon dioxide solubility<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Scale formation in desalination plants. T2 - effect of carbon dioxide solubility. AU - Al-Anezi, Khalid. AU - Hilal, Nidal. PY - 2007/2/5. Y1 - 2007/2/5. N2 - Modeling of the release of CO2 in the multi-stage flash distillers requires knowledge of the CO2 solubility in seawater at the conditions prevailing in the system. The evidence from literature is that measurement of the solubility of CO2 in pure water has been extensively studied, whereas that in saline solutions has not. Several studies have investigated the solubility of CO2 in seawater under different temperatures and pressures, but they have not covered the conditions that prevailed in the desalination plants, such as low pressures and high temperatures. In the lowpressure regime (i.e., near atmospheric pressure), the gas solubility can be theoretically estimated by considering the ionic strength and the salting-out parameter. Gas solubility measurements can be made as a function of the seawater temperature and ...
Multimodel predictive system for carbon dioxide solubility in saline formation waters. - NextBio articleMultimodel predictive system for carbon dioxide solubility in saline formation waters. - NextBio article
The prediction of carbon dioxide solubility in brine at conditions relevant to carbon sequestration (i.e., high temperature, pressure, and salt concentration (T-P-X)) is crucial when this technology is applied. Eleven mathematical models for predicting CO(2) solubility in brine are compared and considered for inclusion in a multimodel predictive system. Model goodness of fit is evaluated over the temperature range 304-433 K, pressure range 74-500 bar, and salt concentration range 0-7 m (NaCl equivalent), using 173 published CO(2) solubility measurements, particularly selected for those conditions. The performance of each model is assessed using various statistical methods, including the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). Different models emerge as best fits for different subranges of the input conditions. A classification tree is generated using machine learning methods to predict the best-performing model under different T-P-X subranges, allowing ...
Carbon dioxide solubility in beer<...Carbon dioxide solubility in beer<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Carbon dioxide solubility in beer. AU - Speers, R. Alex. AU - MacIntosh, Andrew. PY - 2013. Y1 - 2013. U2 - 10.1094/ASBCJ-2013-1008-01. DO - 10.1094/ASBCJ-2013-1008-01. M3 - Article. VL - 71. SP - 242. EP - 247. JO - Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists. JF - Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists. SN - 0361-0470. IS - 4. ER - ...
carbonic acidcarbonic acid
... definition, the acid, H 2 CO 3 , formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water, known in the form of its salts and esters, the carbonates. See more.
ChemIDplus - 70892-86-3 - Carbonic acid, potassium salt (1:2), polymer with 2-furancarboxaldehyde and phenol - Similar...ChemIDplus - 70892-86-3 - Carbonic acid, potassium salt (1:2), polymer with 2-furancarboxaldehyde and phenol - Similar...
70892-86-3 - Carbonic acid, potassium salt (1:2), polymer with 2-furancarboxaldehyde and phenol - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information.
WikiGenes - carbonic acid - carbonic acidWikiGenes - carbonic acid - carbonic acid
The worlds first wiki where authorship really matters. Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts.
Effects of ultrasonic waves on carbon dioxide solubility in brine at different pressures and temperaturesEffects of ultrasonic waves on carbon dioxide solubility in brine at different pressures and temperatures
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made ...
Bibliotecas UA catalog › Details for: Modelling the carbon dioxide solubility with CPA EOSBibliotecas UA catalog › Details for: Modelling the carbon dioxide solubility with CPA EOS
Autor: Ferreira , Ana Rute Marques, (1985-)Autor secundário: Coutinho , João Pereira, (1976-)Autor Institucional (Secundário): Universidade de Aveiro . Departamento de Química.Língua: Inglês.País: Portugal.Publicação: Aveiro : A. Ferreira, 2009Descrição: XX, 68 p. : il. colorDescrição: 1 CD-ROMTítulo paralelo: Modelação da solubilidade do dióxido de carbono com a equação de estado Cubic Plus associationAssunto : Solventes orgânicos // Engenharia química -- Teses de mestrado // Dióxido de carbono -- Solubilidade // Equilíbrio vapor-líquido // Soluções iónicasCDU: 66.07(043)Recursos em linha:Formato digital ...
Studies on the mode of enzyme catalysis and the hydrolysis of bis-p-dimethylaminobenzalazine - CaltechTHESISStudies on the mode of enzyme catalysis and the hydrolysis of bis-p-dimethylaminobenzalazine - CaltechTHESIS
The rates of formation and of hydrolysis of bis p-dimethylaminobenzalazine have been studied under various conditions. The effects of dielectric constant, ionic strength, acid concentration, and temperature on the rate of hydrolysis have been investigated. The acid dissociation constants for p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in two distinct ethanol-water systems have been determined. The acid dissociation constants for the hydrazone and the azine of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde have been obtained. The value of the constant for the assumed aldehyde- hydrazine- hydrazone equilibrium has been calculated. ...
carbonation - Why did people start using CO2 (instead of e.g. oxygen) for carbonated drinks? - Seasoned Advicecarbonation - Why did people start using CO2 (instead of e.g. oxygen) for carbonated drinks? - Seasoned Advice
CO2 tastes good! Carbonated water is actually a weak carbonic acid solution; this is what you taste. Its like "salt and pepper", but for water.. Slightly acidic water is usually popular, hence lemon juice is sometimes used to taint a jug of water in times when no carbonated water is available.. Carbonated water releases CO2 bubbles for many minutes after pressure is released (dissolved carbonic acid reforming), which is an important presentation effect that other gases do not generally have.. In many countries the local water supply is slightly alkaline (due to limestone rock being very common), and this can leave a bad after-taste, and make food in your mouth taste soapy. The addition of weak acids to water helps with neutralising this effect.. Around the world, some lucky towns have natural springs with effervescent water (carbonated water), and man-made carbonated water is just imitating this. In history people have often travelled great distances to try effervescent water, so its popularity ...
Tooth Wear--Erosion page 2-DoctorSpiller.com - DoctorSpiller.comTooth Wear--Erosion page 2-DoctorSpiller.com - DoctorSpiller.com
Coke swishing is the habit of retaining each mouthful of soda or Coca Cola in the mouth for a few seconds and swishing it around between the teeth before swallowing. It turns out that it is not just Coke. It could be virtually any soda. Most of my patients who do this are using Mountain Dew. Thus, I will refer to this habit as "Soda Swishing". All sodas, including diet soda contain three acids. Phosphoric acid is added to impart a tart flavor and to counteract the sweetness of the sugar or artificial sweeteners, and also as a preservative to prevent the growth of mold. Citric acid is added, especially to fruit flavored sodas to give a bit more of a zippy flavor. Carbonic acid is a byproduct of the carbonation process, but is the weakest of the three acids and is probably the least harmful to the teeth. (Im happy to report that since beer only contains carbonic acid, it is much less harmful to the teeth-even when swished.). When a patient drinks a diet soda without swishing it, it goes past the ...
Acid-base homeostasisAcid-base homeostasis
The pH of the extracellular fluids can thus be controlled by separately regulating the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (which determines the carbonic acid concentration), and the bicarbonate ion concentration in the extracellular fluids. There are therefore at least two homeostatic negative feedback systems responsible for the regulation of the plasma pH. The first is the homeostatic control of the blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide, which determines the carbonic acid concentration in the plasma, and can change the pH of the arterial plasma within a few seconds.[5] The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood is monitored by the central chemoreceptors of the medulla oblongata, and so are part of the central nervous system.[5][18] These chemoreceptors are sensitive to the pH and levels of carbon dioxide in the cerebrospinal fluid.[12][10][18] (The peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the aortic bodies and carotid bodies adjacent to the arch of the aorta and to the ...
Kevin Aherns Biochemistry (BB 450/550) at Oregon State UniversityKevin Ahern's Biochemistry (BB 450/550) at Oregon State University
Hemoglobin (continued). 1. The Bohr effect describes physiological and molecular responses to changes in pH with respect to oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. The oxygen effects arise from changes in the teriary structure of hemoglobin arising from binding of protons to histidines in the molecule when under low pH.. 2. Rapidly metabolizing tissues (such as muscle) generate low pHs, due to release of carbon dioxide and the conversion of this to carbonic acid by carbonic anhydrase. Carbonic acid readily loses a proton, becoming bicarbonate. 3. Thus, rapidly metabolizing tissues generate protons, which get absorbed by hemoglobin, which releases oxygen to feed the tissues.. 4. CO2 can also be taken up by hemoglobin at amine residues, causing protons to be released. Note that CO2 binds hemoglobin at a site other than what oxygen binds. CO, however, can compete with oxygen for binding to the heme.. 5. In the lungs, a reversal of this process occurs. Remember that the oxygen concentration in the ...
Potassium Hydroxide | KTCCPotassium Hydroxide | KTCC
The cathode would attract some dissociated Hydrogen ions (actually "hydronium ions") and as they concentrate near the cathode, they may react with the carbonate, and form carbonic acid, and since this may be unstable in water, carbonic acid will break into carbon dioxide and water. H2CO3 H2O + CO2 The Carbon Dioxide will leave the solution as bubbles of gas.. > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_hydroxide ...
Dick Mac (alive!): CO2 Is A Natural Byproduct of NatureDick Mac (alive!): CO2 Is A Natural Byproduct of Nature
The buffer system in which carbon dioxide plays an important role is called the carbonate buffer. It is made up of bicarbonate ions and dissolved carbon dioxide, with carbonic acid. The carbonic acid can neutralize hydroxide ions, which would increase the pH of the blood when added. The bicarbonate ion can neutralize hydrogen ions, which would cause a decrease in the pH of the blood when added. Both increasing and decreasing pH is life threatening ...
Minerals of life - bicarbonate - Features - The Guardian Nigeria Newspaper - Nigeria and World NewsMinerals of life - bicarbonate - Features - The Guardian Nigeria Newspaper - Nigeria and World News
Carbon dioxide (CO2), a gaseous waste product from cellular respiration, mixes with water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbonic acid is an intermediate specie in the production of bicarbonate. This reaction, without a catalyst, is usually very slow.
Chemical Reactions - Classification - Synthesis, Decomposition, Combustion, Oxidation-Reduction (Redox), Single Displacement...Chemical Reactions - Classification - Synthesis, Decomposition, Combustion, Oxidation-Reduction (Redox), Single Displacement...
Acid-Base - Acid/base reactions are a special type of double displacement reaction. Recall that at least one product cannot be aqueous. In the case of an acid/base reaction, that product is liquid water. Liquid water will always be produced because it is formed from the union of the H+ ion from the acid and the hydroxide (OH-) ion from the base. More information about the reactions of acids and bases can be found on the acid/base page. Acid-Carbonate - The first of three hybrid double displacement/decomposition reactions. In this reaction, carbonic acid or H2CO3, is a product when the hydrogen ion from the acid combines with the carbonate ion. However, due the lack of stability of carbonic acid at room temperature, it immediately decomposes into carbon dioxide gas and water. Acid-Sulfite - The second of three hybrid double displacement/decomposition reactions. In this reaction, sulfurous acid or H2SO3, is a product when the hydrogen ion from the acid combines with the sulfite ion. However, due ...
Chemical Reactions - Classification - Synthesis, Decomposition, Combustion, Oxidation-Reduction (Redox), Single Displacement...Chemical Reactions - Classification - Synthesis, Decomposition, Combustion, Oxidation-Reduction (Redox), Single Displacement...
Acid-Base - Acid/base reactions are a special type of double displacement reaction. Recall that at least one product cannot be aqueous. In the case of an acid/base reaction, that product is liquid water. Liquid water will always be produced because it is formed from the union of the H+ ion from the acid and the hydroxide (OH-) ion from the base. More information about the reactions of acids and bases can be found on the acid/base page. Acid-Carbonate - The first of three hybrid double displacement/decomposition reactions. In this reaction, carbonic acid or H2CO3, is a product when the hydrogen ion from the acid combines with the carbonate ion. However, due the lack of stability of carbonic acid at room temperature, it immediately decomposes into carbon dioxide gas and water. Acid-Sulfite - The second of three hybrid double displacement/decomposition reactions. In this reaction, sulfurous acid or H2SO3, is a product when the hydrogen ion from the acid combines with the sulfite ion. However, due ...
Fluid%2c%20acid%20baseS11 - Actions of buffer systems 4 1 Protein buffer system 2 Carbonic acid Bicarbonate buffer systems 3...Fluid%2c%20acid%20baseS11 - Actions of buffer systems 4 1 Protein buffer system 2 Carbonic acid Bicarbonate buffer systems 3...
View Notes - Fluid%2c%20acid%20baseS11 from BIO 302 at Purdue. Actions of buffer systems: 4 1. Protein buffer system 2. Carbonic acid- Bicarbonate buffer systems 3. Phosphate buffer system b.
physiologyaw - 02. Chemical Aspects of Physiologyphysiologyaw - 02. Chemical Aspects of Physiology
Buffers- is a substance made up of ions and molecules, that stabilize the pH of the blood/ body fluids. This happens by the substance preventing the changes is hydrogen (H+) concentration.These buffers in our blood help to keep the pH in our bodies at a normal level. The normal pH of a human is 7.35-7.45. The reaction of the buffers are mostly driven by reversible reactions of bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and carbonic acids ( H2CO3) in the blood. The reaction of the buffer picks up the H+ or releases H+.This has an impact how acidic or basic the pH is in the blood. The combination of bicarbonate and carbonic acid can act in a pair (buffer pair) to avoid the incline and decline of pH. This action keeps the pH in such a narrow range ...
Introduced one carbonic acid hydrogen gas laser for microprocessing - Syohatsu Co., Ltd.Introduced one carbonic acid hydrogen gas laser for microprocessing - Syohatsu Co., Ltd.
超微細・高精度な部品加工を専門領域として、企業ニーズに応え続ける株式会社ショーハツの公式ウェブサイトです。
Ester - WikipediaEster - Wikipedia
Esters can also be derived from an inorganic acid and an alcohol. Thus, the nomenclature extends to inorganic oxo acids and their corresponding esters: phosphoric acid and phosphate esters/organophosphates, sulfuric acid and sulfate esters/organosulfates, nitric acid and nitrate, and boric acid and borates. For example, triphenyl phosphate is the ester derived from phosphoric acid and phenol. Organic carbonates are derived from carbonic acid; for example, ethylene carbonate is derived from carbonic acid and ethylene glycol. So far an alcohol and inorganic acid are linked via oxygen atoms. The definition of inorganic acid ester that feature inorganic chemical elements links between alcohols and the inorganic acid - the phosphorus atom linking to three alkoxy functional groups in organophosphate - can be extended to the same elements in various combinations of covalent bonds between carbons and the central inorganic atom and carbon-oxygen bonds to central inorganic atoms. For example, phosphorus ...
Kinetics of the formation of substituted diamides of carbonic acid - Open Access RepositoryKinetics of the formation of substituted diamides of carbonic acid - Open Access Repository
The reaction between urea and formaldehyde first occupied the attention or chemists some sixty years ago with the studies of Holzer, Ludy, Hemmelmayr, Goldschmidt, Einhorn, Hamburger and others. The greater portion of the work published since then related to the preparative aspects of the reaction and it was not until 1928 that the first serious attempt to suggest a reaction mechanism was made.. ...
Carbonic acid, isobutyl phenyl esterCarbonic acid, isobutyl phenyl ester
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...
Carbonic acid, ethyl cyclohexyl esterCarbonic acid, ethyl cyclohexyl ester
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...
C-C Bond formation Chapter ppt video online downloadC-C Bond formation Chapter ppt video online download
Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions To form the carbon skeletons of complex molecules, organic chemists need an extensive repertoire of carbon-carbon bond forming reactions. We have earlier looked at reactions of organometallic reagents such as Grignard, organolithium and organocuprate reagents with carbonyl and other substrates to form larger molecules. The focus of this chapter will be on additional carbon-carbon bond forming reactions which utilize a variety of starting materials and conceptually different reactions. Three such reactions involve coupling of an organic halide with an organometallic reagent or alkene: (1) Organocuprate coupling reactions, (2) Suzuki reaction, and (3) Heck reaction.
Organometallic Reagent | a2bchem.comOrganometallic Reagent | a2bchem.com
boronic acids, carboxylic acids, imidazoles, thiazoles, azoles, indoles, oxindoles, pyridines, heterocycles, bormides, fluoro compounds, amines, aldehydes, isoquinolines, nitro compounds, trifluoroborates, PEG linkers, inhibitors, amino acids and peptides, catalysts and ligands, custom synthesis , other organics and fine chemicals supplier.
Grignard Reagents - Organometallic Reagents | Sigma-AldrichGrignard Reagents - Organometallic Reagents | Sigma-Aldrich
Sigma-Aldrich offers various types of of aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl Grignard reagents in different concentration and solvents for your research needs.
Directed Metallation by Fumitoshi Kakiuchi (auth.), Naoto Chatani (eds.) - The High Fidelity BooksDirected Metallation by Fumitoshi Kakiuchi (auth.), Naoto Chatani (eds.) - The High Fidelity Books
Intermolecular Arylations of Heterocycles . . . . . . Intermolecular Arylations of Carbocycles and Acyclic Substrates Oxidative Arylation Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Rhodium-Catalyzed Arylation Reactions . . . . . . . . . . Arylations with Aromatic Organometallic Reagents . . . . . . . Arylations with Aryl Halides . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Ruthenium-Catalyzed Arylation Reactions . . . . . . . . . Arylations with Aromatic Organometallic Reagents . 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. F. Kakiuchi Sonoda M, Kakiuchi F, Chatani N, Murai S (1995) J Organomet Chem 504:151 Sonoda M, Kakiuchi F, Chatani N, Murai S (1997) Bull Chem Soc Jpn 70:3117 Matsubara T, Koga N, Musaev DG, Morokuma K (1998) J Am Chem Soc 120:12692 Matsubara T, Koga N, Musaev DG, Morokuma K (2000) Organometallics 19:2318 Grigg R, Savic V (1997) Tetrahedron Lett 38:5737 Guari Y, Sabo-Etienne S, Chaudret B (1998) J Am Chem Soc 120:4228 Busch S, Leitner W (1999) Chem ...
Organometallic Reagents in Synthesis - Paul R. Jenkins - Oxford University PressOrganometallic Reagents in Synthesis - Paul R. Jenkins - Oxford University Press
This straightforward introduction looks at the properties and reactions of main-group organometallic compounds, placing particular emphasis on their applications in synthesis. Written in a simple, readable style, the book adopts a logical approach to this important area of organic chemistry, and provides the student with a clear account of all aspects in the field. Study problems are included at chapter ends, along with suggestions for further reading on the topic.
Organometallic reagents, Chiral Ligands, other agents -Chemscene llcOrganometallic reagents, Chiral Ligands, other agents -Chemscene llc
Contact Us. Tel:732-484-9848. Fax:888-484-5008. Email:[email protected]. Add:1 Deer Park Dr, Suite Q,. Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852, USA. ...
Earth Island Journal | Earth Island InstituteEarth Island Journal | Earth Island Institute
All artwork by John SabrawGrinding acid mine drainage pigment into paint. click or tap any of these images to see them in a slideshow Remember how a massive wastewater spill from an abandoned coal mine in Colorado turned the Animas River bright ochre for several months back in August 2015? That slick, yellow layer floating atop the water was caused by dissolved iron in the heavy-metal laden runoff that oxidized when exposed ...
GeographyGeography
Anonymous]. 2017. Mccrearamycins A-D, Geldanamycin-Derived Cyclopentenone Macrolactams from an Eastern Kentucky Abandoned Coal Mine Microbe.. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English). 56(11):2994-2998. ...
Competitive interactions among H, CU, and Zn ion moderate aqueous uptake of Cu and Zn by an aquatic insectCompetitive interactions among H, CU, and Zn ion moderate aqueous uptake of Cu and Zn by an aquatic insect
The absorption of aqueous copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) by aquatic insects, a group widely used to assess water quality, is unresolved. This study examined interactions among Cu, Zn, and protons that potentially moderate Cu and Zn uptake by the acid-tolerant stonefly Zapada sp. Saturation uptake kinetics was imposed to identify competitive mechanisms. Decreasing pH reduced the maximum transport capacity, Jmax, in both metals, had little effect on the Cu dissociation constant, KD, and increased the Zn KD. Partial noncompetitive (Cu) and partial mixed competitive (Zn) inhibitor models most closely tracked the observed Cu and Zn influx across pH treatments. The estimated values for acid dissociation constants for the binary (proton-receptor) and ternary (proton-metal-receptor) complexes indicated the strong inhibitory effect of protons on Cu and Zn. In neutral pH water, Cu inhibited Zn uptake, but Zn had little effect on Cu uptake. The mechanism of Cu-Zn interaction was not identified....
Cocentration and molarity | Physics Forums - The Fusion of Science and CommunityCocentration and molarity | Physics Forums - The Fusion of Science and Community
But this mass of base will not lead you to the right answer. Go back to the neutralization reaction (this should have been the first thing you did) and see if this gives you some ideas. I believe that the problem assumes something that may not be obvious. As a first hint, look at the acid dissociation constants (pKa values) of each proton in H2SO4. This may point you to a simplifying assumption (accurate or not) that will lead you to the given answer ...
Carbon Dioxide | Definition of Carbon Dioxide by Merriam-WebsterCarbon Dioxide | Definition of Carbon Dioxide by Merriam-Webster
Define carbon dioxide: a heavy colorless gas CO2 that does not support combustion, dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, is formed especially in …
Carbonic anhydrase Quiz - The Full WikiCarbonic anhydrase Quiz - The Full Wiki
Question 10: This is the reaction that integrates CO2 into ________ sugars during photosynthesis, and can use only the CO2 form of carbon, not carbonic acid or bicarbonate. ...
Excretion - Revision Notes in A Level and IB BiologyExcretion - Revision Notes in A Level and IB Biology
Excretion is the process by which an organism gets rid of waste metabolic products such as nitrogenous waste from amino acid metabolism and carbon dioxide from respiration. These waste products are harmful or toxic, and would damage cells if allowed to accumulate it. Carbon dioxide from respiration combines reversibly with water to give carbonic acid, which in turn dissociates to give hydrogen ions and hydrogencarbonate ions.. CO2 + H2O ,, H2CO3 ,, H+ + HCO3-. Carbon dioxide is excreted via the lungs. The respiratory centre in the medulla oblangata increases the rate of breathing when the carbon dioxide concentration in the blood rises. Hydrogen ions are removed by the kidneys to maintain blood pH. Mammals cannot store proteins or amino acids, so any excess is converted into fats or carbohydrates for storage, or for use in respiration. The amino group (-NH2) of each amino acid is removed in the process of deamination in the liver, forming the very soluble but very toxic compound ammonia. This is ...
Calcium reactor - WikipediaCalcium reactor - Wikipedia
Inside the reaction chamber, a calcium rich media (aragonite), mainly CaCO3, is forced into contact with water injected with carbon dioxide (CO2) in order to create carbonic acid (H2CO3). This increases the solubility of the calcium carbonate. The reaction frees the calcium and carbonate, supplying the aquarium with water rich in Ca2+ and CO32−, important for maintaining alkalinity and calcium levels. The bubble counter measures carbon dioxide. The flow rate of carbon dioxide is monitored so that the dissolved gas goes into the solution, with a minimum unconsumed. A needle valve or solenoid valve regulates the CO2 bubble rate. Valves with precise adjustment abilities improve bubble control. The feed pump controls the volume of water exchange. This is important because a high rate of water flow into the reactor reduces its efficiency, thus resulting in underproduction and a waste of CO2. Some reactors siphon water into the input of the reactors re-circulation pump. A potential complication is ...
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Raji Heyrovska, Bond Lengths in Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide and Carbonic Acid as Sums of the Atomic, Ionic and Bohr Radii, International Journal of Sciences 12(2013):30- ...
Acid-catalyzed reactions in carbon dioxide-enriched high-temperature liquid water<...Acid-catalyzed reactions in carbon dioxide-enriched high-temperature liquid water<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Acid-catalyzed reactions in carbon dioxide-enriched high-temperature liquid water. AU - Hunter, Shawn E.. AU - Savage, Phillip E.. PY - 2003/1. Y1 - 2003/1. N2 - We report, for the first time, the acceleration of acid-catalyzed reactions in high-temperature liquid water by the addition of carbon dioxide to the reaction medium. The reactions examined are the dehydration of cyclohexanol to form cyclohexene and the alkylation of p-cresol with tertbutyl alcohol to form 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol. In some cases, the mean product yield more than doubled when carbon dioxide was added to the aqueous medium. The basis of this rate enhancement is reaction between carbon dioxide and water to yield carbonic acid, which subsequently dissociates to increase the hydronium ion concentration above that of water alone. We also use the thermodynamics of the CO2-H2O system to estimate the pH of carbon dioxide-enriched high-temperature water. This analysis demonstrates that it is possible to lower ...
U.S. Navy Flies Plane With Fuel From SeawaterU.S. Navy Flies Plane With Fuel From Seawater
Scientists from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) demonstrated a fuel they created from seawater could power an off-the-shelf internal combustion engine. A radio controlled P-51 Mustang modelled after the famous Red Tailed Tuskegee Squadron was flown using the lab created fuel without any modifications to the planes engine.. The fuel is the combination of two NRL projects. The first is uses an electrolytic cation exchange module that removes CO2 from seawater. Seawater contains a lot more carbon than air - nearly 140 times as much. Most of this carbon is in the form of bicarbonate with smaller amounts carbonate and carbonic acid. The NRL process converts the carbonate and bicarbonate into carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas.. The second project uses CO2 and hydrogen gases to synthesize hydrocarbon liquids. This project is a two step process. The first step creates unsaturated hydrocarbon olefins from the gases using an iron catalyst. The second step polymerizes the olefins into into the ...
Ostwald solubility coefficient definition | Drugs.comOstwald solubility coefficient definition | Drugs.com
Definition of Ostwald solubility coefficient. Provided by Stedmans medical dictionary and Drugs.com. Includes medical terms and definitions.
Lecture 03. Reactions of Organometallic Reagents.Lecture 03. Reactions of Organometallic Reagents.
UCI Chem 51C Organic Chemistry (Spring 2012) Lec 03. Organic Chemistry -- Reactions of Organometallic Reagents -- Instructor: James S. Nowick, Ph.D. This is the third quarter course in the organic chemistry series. Topics covered include: Fundamental concepts relating to carbon compounds with emphasis on structural theory and the nature of chemical bonding, stereochemistry, reaction mechanisms, and spectroscopic, physical, and chemical properties of the principal classes of carbon compounds. Organic Chemistry 51C is part of OpenChem. Index of Topics: -1:36 Ketone/Aldehyde Reduction -5:56 Grignard Reagents -12:31 Polarity of Grignard Reagent -16:01 Basicity of Grignard Reagent -19:22 Grignard Reagents and Water/Alcohol -21:32 Organolithium Reagent -25:50 Acetylide Anions -34:07 Making Acetylide Anion -38:29 Reactivity of the Carboxylic Acid Family -44:56 Addition-Elimination Reaction -48:12 Examples of Carboxylic Acid Reduction -53:29 Multiple Additions onto Carboxylic Acids -59:50 Leaving Groups -1:08
CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY • Respiratory AcidosisCHEMISTRY COMMUNITY • Respiratory Acidosis
The pH of the blood is monitored by the ratio of H2CO3 and HCO3-, and when one increases or decreases too much, it affects the acidity or basicity. Respiratory acidosis occurs when one does not get enough O2 and has an accumulation of CO2, instead. This CO2 reacts with water to produce carbonic acid (H2CO3). The ratio is altered in favor of carbonic acid, lowering your pH to make your blood more acidic. Since humans are incredibly susceptible to changes, this pH difference can lead to death ...
Respiratory Acidosis - CHEMISTRY COMMUNITYRespiratory Acidosis - CHEMISTRY COMMUNITY
The pH of the blood is monitored by the ratio of H2CO3 and HCO3-, and when one increases or decreases too much, it affects the acidity or basicity. Respiratory acidosis occurs when one does not get enough O2 and has an accumulation of CO2, instead. This CO2 reacts with water to produce carbonic acid (H2CO3). The ratio is altered in favor of carbonic acid, lowering your pH to make your blood more acidic. Since humans are incredibly susceptible to changes, this pH difference can lead to death ...
Fatty Acid Derivative Market - Global Industry Analysis and Forecast 2017 - 2025 | TMRFatty Acid Derivative Market - Global Industry Analysis and Forecast 2017 - 2025 | TMR
Fatty Acid Derivative Market - Fatty acid derivatives are environment-friendly alternatives to some petroleum products, Favorable regulations is a driver for fatty acid derivative market, Innovation and technology in the production of fatty acid derivatives are opening new horizons for its applications
IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS AND PROCESS CARTRIDGE - Patent applicationIMAGE FORMING APPARATUS AND PROCESS CARTRIDGE - Patent application
0149]Examples of the commercially available products may include "NACURE 2501" (toluenesulfonic acid dissociation, methanol/isopropanol solvent, pH; 6.0 or more and 7.2 or less, dissociation temperature; 80° C.), "NACURE 2107" (p-toluenesulfonic acid dissociation, isopropanol solvent, pH; 8.0 or more and 9.0 or less, dissociation temperature; 90° C.), "NACURE 2500" (p-toluenesulfonic acid dissociation, isopropanol solvent, pH; 6.0 or more and 7.0 or less, dissociation temperature, 65° C.), "NACURE 2530" (p-toluenesulfonic acid dissociation, methanol/isopropanol solvent, pH; 5.7 or more and 6.5 or less, dissociation temperature; 65° C.), "NACURE 2547" (p-toluenesulfonic acid dissociation, aqueous solution, pH; 8.0 or more and 9.0 or less, dissociation temperature; 107° C.), "NACURE 2558" (p-toluene sulfonic acid dissociation, ethyleneglycol solvent, pH; 3.5 or more and 4.5 or less, dissociation temperature; 80° C.), "NACURE XP-357" (p-toluenesulfonic acid dissociation, methanol solvent, pH; ...
Sparkling.....Beverages - Linhart DentistrySparkling.....Beverages - Linhart Dentistry
And with dozens of new and hip sparkling drinks on the market, more and more of us are turning to them instead of good old tap water.. And, everyone it seems is anti sugar (and corn syrup). While thats a good thing for our nationwide obesity epidemic, it doesnt deal with another common phenomenon, TOOTH EROSION!. The problem is that were seeing an increasing amount of tooth sensitivity and "erosion". Erosion is where the tooth is actually melting away, much like the Wicked Witch of The West in the Wizard of Oz, when water is spilled on her, teeth melt away when exposed to acid.. Sparkling anything means carbonation. And, carbonation means carbonic acid. And acid, well, as you can imaging, dissolves teeth. It dissolves the enamel and the softer dentin and root surfaces. The result is weaker and more sensitive teeth.. The average pH (the measure of acidity, with 7 being neutral, ,7 being basic, and ,7 being acidic) of carbonated drinks is 2.5-2.8, only slightly less acidic than battery ...
Beer Me! - Brouwerij Corsendonk - Turnhout, Antwerpen, BelgiumBeer Me! - Brouwerij Corsendonk - Turnhout, Antwerpen, Belgium
Triple". Golden, hazy, high carbonation, big head. Smells spicy, like a Wit, and somewhat floral. Sharp carbonation bite. Sweet beer that tastes just like it smells, only more so. Some citrusy fruity notes, soft spicy hops, and maybe a hint of Brettanomyces (more as it warms up). Warming and drying at the end. Smooth beer. "Best enjoyed before March 98 ...
Fluxionate Lewis acidity of the Zn2+ ion in carboxypeptidase A | Biochemical JournalFluxionate Lewis acidity of the Zn2+ ion in carboxypeptidase A | Biochemical Journal
Competitive inhibition constants Ki for a series of phenol-ring-substituted derivatives of alpha-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzenepropanoic acid have been ascertained by observing their influence on the catalytic hydrolysis of a peptide substrate by the zinc enzyme carboxypeptidase A. The pH-dependence of Ki shows that binding is maximal between two pKa values: one is that of the phenol group of the inhibitor, and the other uniformly has a value of 6, the pKa of a Zn(2+)-bound water molecule on the enzyme in the absence of substrate or inhibitor. This is the dependence expected if phenolate binds to the Zn2+ displacing its bound H2O/HO-. A log-log plot of the dissociation constants for the productive forms of inhibitor plus enzyme versus the acid dissociation constants of the phenolic residues in the inhibitors yields a straight line with a slope of +0.76. This number indicates that the active-site metal ion has special capacity for dispersing negative charge, such as builds up on the oxygen atom of a ...
What is soda water? - WauwbettWhat is soda water? - Wauwbett
It really is carbonate drinking water, at times called "sparkling water", and is plain ole water in which carbon dioxide gas has been incorporated. Its the principal component of the majority of "soft drinks". This process involving carbonation forms carbonic acid and that is soda pop.. Soda water, occasionally called club soda, had been produced in the past in the home simply using a seltzer bottle filled up with water and after that "charged" using carbon dioxide. Club soda may be the soda water info same as plain carbonate water nonetheless it might have a small amount of table salts, as well as sodium trace minerals. These kinds of additives generate the slight flavor of salt homemade soda water. The process also occurs naturally in certain areas and produce carbonate mineral water.. Sparkling mineral water occasionally causes a bit of dental decay. Even though the potential problem of sparkling water is actually greater than still water the problem remains low. Regular fizzy drinks result ...
Exactly what is soda water? - WauwbettExactly what is soda water? - Wauwbett
It is carbonate water, at times called "sparkling water", and it is plain ole drinking water which carbon dioxide gas is added. Its the primary component of most "soft drinks". This technique of carbonation forms carbonic acid which is soda pop.. Soda water, sometimes referred to as club soda, was produced in the past in the home by using a seltzer bottle filled up with drinking water and after that "charged" with carbon dioxide. Club soda may be the same as basic carbonate water nonetheless it can have a small amount of table salts, as well as sodium trace www.sodaclubreview.com minerals. These components make the slight taste of salt home made soda water. The process likewise occurs naturally in some areas and generate carbonate mineral water.. Sparkling mineral water sometimes leads to a little dental decay. Even though the potential problem associated with sparkling water is actually greater than still water the problem is still lower. Typical fizzy drinks result in tooth decay at a rate ...
Hydrogen carbonate indicator carbon dioxide : Furosemid wirkung nebenwirkungHydrogen carbonate indicator carbon dioxide : Furosemid wirkung nebenwirkung
Carbon Dioxide Can Make a Solution Acidic. a chemical reaction will also turn an indicator solution acidic.Hydrogen: H 2: 2.016: 0.0899 2. Note that even if pounds per cubic foot is often used as a measure of density in the U. carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and some.Turning Carbon Dioxide into Fuel - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File. including hydrogen, methanol, and gasoline, using conventional technologies.Video summaries and interactive charts showing what ocean acidification is and why. and forms carbonic acid. next indicator: Carbon Dioxide. WXshift ...
Global Fatty Acid Derivatives Sales Market Report 2016 : ReportsnReportsGlobal Fatty Acid Derivatives Sales Market Report 2016 : ReportsnReports
[127 Pages Report] Check for Discount on Global Fatty Acid Derivatives Sales Market Report 2016 report by QYResearch Group. Notes: Sales, means the sales volume of Fatty Acid Derivatives...
Hemoglobins affinity with oxygen - carbon dioxide, temperature and bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)Hemoglobin's affinity with oxygen - carbon dioxide, temperature and bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)
• The carbon dioxide gas is temporarily converted to carbonic acid in red blood cells by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, and then further converted to hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. • The result of increased carbon dioxide is decreased pH causing the Bohr effect. • Elevated carbon dioxide levels enhance unbinding of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin thereby making oxygen available for actively metabolizing cells. • By contrast, decreased carbon dioxide, as in the alveolar spaces, increases affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and promotes oxygen loading and transport. • To a limited degree, changes in temperature affect the association and dissociation of O2 with hemoglobin. • The oxygen carrying ability of hemoglobin is unaffected by normal temperatures. • Near metabolically active cells, blood temperature rises, increasing the thermal motion of molecules which promotes the unloading of O2 to continue fueling aerobic metabolism in the tissue cells. • When temperature lowers,
Carbon Dioxide | UW Health | Madison, WICarbon Dioxide | UW Health | Madison, WI
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a gaseous waste product from metabolism. The blood carries carbon dioxide to your lungs, where it is exhaled. More than 90% of it in your blood exists in the form of bicarbonate (HCO3). The rest of it is either dissolved carbon dioxide gas (CO2) or carbonic acid (H2CO3). Your kidneys and lungs...
National Geographics Strange Days on Planet Earth . Glossary | PBSNational Geographic's Strange Days on Planet Earth . Glossary | PBS
O ocean acidification: the process whereby atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater producing carbonic acid, which subsequently lowers pH of surrounding seawater. ocean uptake: the process whereby the ocean takes up materials such as heat, carbon, oxygen and other chemicals.. offshore aquaculture: the practice of farming fish further out to sea that is usual for traditional aquaculture. In the United States, this means farming where state jurisdiction is from 3 miles out to 200 miles where the Exclusive Economic Zone ends.. off-gassing: the slow release of gas that was trapped, frozen, absorbed or adsorbed in some other material.. Old Faithful: a geyser in Yellowstone National Park that erupts for about four minutes about every 65 minutes.. omega-3 essential fatty acids: food elements essential in the proper growth and development of young animals and purported to offer numerous additional heart and health benefits.. omnivore: an organism whose diet consists of a wide variety of ...
A2 OCR Biology - Excretion - Revision Cards in A Level and IB BiologyA2 OCR Biology - Excretion - Revision Cards in A Level and IB Biology
2. carbon dioxide combines directly with haemoglobin to form carbaminohaemoglobin - this molecule has lower affinity for oxygen than normal haemoglobin. 3. excess carbon dioxide can casue respiratory acidosis. Carbon dioxide dissolves in the blood plasma and once dissolved it can combine with water to produce carbonic acid which dissociates to release hydrogen ions. Hydrogen ions low pH - blood more acidic. Proteins in blood act as buffer to resist the change in pH. If change is small, pH detected my medulla oblongata which causes increased breathing rate to remove carbon dioxide quicker. Big change (drops below 7.35) = difficult breathing, rapid heart rate and changes in blood pressure ---, respiratory acidosis ...
PH buffering: BicarbonatePH buffering: Bicarbonate
The human body has four native buffer systems - bicarbonate, hemoglobin, protein, and phosphate systems. An ideal buffering system has a pKa of ~ 7.4 (normal physiologic pH). Bicarbonate has a pKa of 6.1, which is NOT ideal in normal physiologic conditions. In fact, the pH range of effectiveness is probably ~ 5.1 - 7.1 for the bicarbonate buffer system. Bicarbonate is better described as a CO2 transport mechanism and not as a buffer - protons combine with hydrogen ions which are at equilibrium with carbonic acid (H2CO3), water, and CO2.. According to Miller, "Volatile acid is principally buffered by hemoglobin. Deoxygenated hemoglobin is a strong base, and there would be a huge increase in the pH of venous blood if hemoglobin did not bind hydrogen ions that are produced by metabolism." Thus, it seems that the primary function of bicarbonate is to accept protons which can be ultimately converted to water and CO2 (and excreted as volatile acid), whereas the protons produced by accumulation of ...
Can fish smell? 6 facts you didnt know - The Pets and LoveCan fish smell? 6 facts you didn't know - The Pets and Love
A fishs sense of smell is a pretty cool phenomenon. Unfortunately, though, climate change is harming the olfactory capabilities of many fish living in our oceans.. According to EcoWatch, carbon dioxide released from carbon emissions mixes with seawater to create a harmful substance called carbonic acid.. In a collaborative study, researchers in Portugal and the UK found that European sea bass living in highly acidic waters didnt respond to the smell of a predator.. Granted, this experiment took place in waters which are about two times more acidic than todays oceans. However, the test aligns with predictions about carbon dioxide levels in Earths oceans by the end of the 21st century.. This is an alarming fact to note, considering that 75% of life on earth lives underwater. Not only does this affect the fish themselves, but it affects us as well.. Three billion people, just under half of the current total human population, rely on seafood for 20% of their protein intake.. The researchers ...
Where HAS all the CO2 gone.......Where HAS all the CO2 gone.......
So where did the 4.5 bil year ago CO2 go? As we said, a lot went and hid in the deep oceans, dissolving into the water and forming carbonic acid, and hydrogen carbonate and carbonate ions. Roger Revelle was one of the first to study how CO2 is absorbed into the oceans. A nice discussion of the carbon cycle can be found at the Hadley Center the bottom line being that there is a lot of CO2 at the bottom of the ocean but this is not a perfect guide as life has reared its ugly head and is a major part of the cycle. The carbonates produced by dissolving of CO2 into the ocean, can be incorporated into the earths crust at the bottom of the seas in subduction zones and then be transported to the continents, hence limestone mountains. The carbonates weather over time returning CO2 to the atmosphere. When you have a couple of billion years, anything is possible ...
Greenhouse Gas Observatories Downwind from Erupting VolcanoesGreenhouse Gas Observatories Downwind from Erupting Volcanoes
The South Pole Observatory is just yards away from a power plant which burns jet fuel 365 days a year to provide electricity and heat for Amundsen Station. (Researchers claim that prevailing winds come from the opposite direction.) It is also about 800 miles from Antarcticas Mt. Erebus volcano, which has continuously erupted since 1972. Because the atmospheres ability to carry water vapor is cut approximately in half by every ten-degree-C drop in temperature, the extremely low temperatures at the South Pole mean that only trace amounts of water vapor are in the atmosphere. CO2 mixes with water vapor in the atmosphere to form H2CO3 (carbonic acid), giving rainfall a slightly acidic pH and washing CO2 from the air. The uniquely dry and cold conditions of the South Pole prevent this from occurring, thus altering the natural atmospheric carbon elimination process and magnifying the effect of CO2 sources. Amundsen Station personnel and emissions from the 12,000-foot Mt. Erebus volcano are also ...
drink water, orange juice or Cola before eating? - Biology-Onlinedrink water, orange juice or Cola before eating? - Biology-Online
Second, how about cola...well, based of the colas pH, its possible for us to get our pH lowered to 1.5 - 2....but remember that the thing that makes cola become acidic is carbonic acid, H2CO3 which will get dissociated into H+ and bicarbonate ions...which then, will get dissociated again into CO2. I think that, by excessive amount of CO2 is not good for our somach, especially before eating because therell be a pressure difference which indirectly affect the diaphragm and causing hiccups...lol ...
Carboxylic acid - WikipediaCarboxylic acid - Wikipedia
Carboxylic acids are commonly identified by their trivial names. They often have the suffix -ic acid. IUPAC-recommended names also exist; in this system, carboxylic acids have an -oic acid suffix.[2] For example, butyric acid (C3H7CO2H) is butanoic acid by IUPAC guidelines. For nomenclature of complex molecules containing a carboxylic acid, the carboxyl can be considered position one of the parent chain even if there are other substituents, such as 3-chloropropanoic acid. Alternately, it can be named as a "carboxy" or "carboxylic acid" substituent on another parent structure, such as 2-carboxyfuran. The carboxylate anion (R-COO− or RCO2−) of a carboxylic acid is usually named with the suffix -ate, in keeping with the general pattern of -ic acid and -ate for a conjugate acid and its conjugate base, respectively. For example, the conjugate base of acetic acid is acetate. Carbonic acid, which occurs in bicarbonate buffer systems in nature, is not generally classed as one of the carboxylic ...
250g Sodium carbonate powder•soda ash•PH+•dye fixative• | eBay250g Sodium carbonate powder•soda ash•PH+•dye fixative• | eBay
Sodium carbonate is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. It usually comes in the form of a white crystalline powder. It can be extracted from the ashes of many plants, which is why it is also known as soda ash, and can be synthetically produced in a process involving salt brine from ocean water and limestone. | eBay!
Refrigeration for Carbonated Beverages - Georg Fischer Rohrleitungssysteme (Schweiz) AGRefrigeration for Carbonated Beverages - Georg Fischer Rohrleitungssysteme (Schweiz) AG
The secret behind the fizz and characteristic taste of soft drinks and carbonated water lies in the reaction of CO2 with water. When CO2 is dissolved in water, carbonic acid is created. Cooling is an essential part of the bottling process for all carbonated drinks.. ...
Refrigeration for Carbonated Beverages - GF Piping Systems LtdRefrigeration for Carbonated Beverages - GF Piping Systems Ltd
The secret behind the fizz and characteristic taste of soft drinks and carbonated water lies in the reaction of CO2 with water. When CO2 is dissolved in water, carbonic acid is created. Cooling is an essential part of the bottling process for all carbonated drinks.. ...
What is anhydrous sodium carbonate? | Reference.comWhat is anhydrous sodium carbonate? | Reference.com
Anhydrous sodium carbonate is the waterless crystalline form of sodium carbonate, the sodium salt of carbonic acid. Its chemical formula is Na2CO3, and its molar mass is 105.988 grams per mole. Its...
Santoninum (U. S. P.)-Santonin. | Henriettes Herbal HomepageSantoninum (U. S. P.)-Santonin. | Henriette's Herbal Homepage
A neutral principle obtained from Santonica. Santonin should be kept in dark, amber-colored vials, and should not be exposed to light"-(U. S. P.).. History and Preparation.-Santonin, the vermifuge principle of santonica, was discovered, in 1830, by Kahler and Alms, simultaneously. The British Pharmacopoeia (1885) gives detailed directions for its preparation, which consists in boiling the bruised santonica seeds in water with addition of slaked lime, concentrating the solution of calcium santonate, adding hydrochloric acid, and allowing it to stand for 5 days. Wash the precipitated santonin (santonic anhydride) with water and ammonia water, which removes resin, and recrystallize from alcohol after treating the solution with animal charcoal. Another method consists in boiling out a mixture of santonica seeds and slaked lime with alcohol of 60 per cent (by volume), and decomposing the calcium santonate with carbonic acid (see Flückiger, Pharmacognosie des Pflanzenreichs, 3d ed., 1891, p. 822). ...
Page:Dictionary of National Biography volume 14.djvu/103 - Wikisource, the free online libraryPage:Dictionary of National Biography volume 14.djvu/103 - Wikisource, the free online library
fronting him. He failed in theory and technical language, although in the practical tasks of dissecting and of working with the microscope he shone conspicuously. In 1855 Dauglish took his M.D. degree, his thesis being bracketed with one other for the gold medal.. In November 1855 Dauglish left Edinburgh and came to London. He had found the Scotch bread insipid, and being also a sufferer from dyspepsia, he had made the bread for his own household while in Edinburgh, thus gaining an insight into the practical details of bread-making. Dauglishs work in chemistry had taught him that it is easy to produce carbonic acid gas without the agency of yeast, and he invented a plan for doing away with the fermenting process in the sponge and in the dough, which at the same time avoided continued personal contact of the materials with the skin of the workman. The labours of Dr. Richardson and other sanitary reformers between 1855 and 1865 showed with what labour and want of cleanliness much of the bread ...
Fitness benefits of massage - MASSAGE...'Fitness benefits of massage' - MASSAGE...
Massage improves circulation and general nutrition of muscles. This appears to be the most valuable fitness-related benefit. After a muscle is exercised, vital nutrients must be supplied in order for it to increase in size. Massage maximizes the supply of nutrients and oxygen through increased blood flow, which helps the body rebuild itself.. Massage improves range of motion and muscle flexibility. This results in increased power and performance, which helps you work efficiently and with proper intensity to help the bodys muscle building response. Massage helps to shorten recovery time between workouts. Waste products such as lactic and carbonic acid build up in muscles after exercise. Increased circulation to these muscles helps to eliminate toxins and shorten recovery time. ...
Leaderboard - Oblivion StateLeaderboard - Oblivion State
Built in 1896 and in continuous use until 1995, this pinwheel style quaker prison was a reflection of a similar one located nearby. You can tour that one for a few dollars and take as many pictures as you like. This one was not so easy.... It was the site of a controversial decades-long dermatological, pharmaceutical, and biochemical weapons research projects involving testing on inmates. The prison is also notable for several major riots in the early 1970s. The prison was home to several trials which raised several ethical and moral questions pertaining to the extent to which humans can be experimented on. In many cases, inmates chose to undergo several inhumane trials for the sake of small monetary reward. The prison was viewed as a human laboratory. "All I saw before me were acres of skin. It was like a farmer seeing a fertile field for the first time." Dr. X One inmate described experiments involving exposure to microwave radiation, sulfuric and carbonic acid, solutions which corroded and ...
Hydrocodone Online Paypal - 192600Hydrocodone Online Paypal - 192600
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Charlie Dog Came Too: Lithuania 2 - Trakai to DruskininkaiCharlie Dog Came Too: Lithuania 2 - Trakai to Druskininkai
Druskininkai has been a centre for health cures since the late 18th century, and in its heyday in the 19th century it drew the wealthy middle classes from across Poland and Russia to stay around the lake in the many wooden villas, with their intricately carved facias. "Health spa" for us might have connotations of rest and relaxation and you can still take the cures on offer today in the form of massages, mud baths and saunas. However, it is has for a long time been a normal part of health care here to get sent to these spa towns for treatment and convalescence, and you can see this from the number of sanatoriums still around, which still attract many visitors from Russia. Still, if you want the relaxation bit, and you are feeling really adventurous, you might fancy giving the carbonic acid bath, or the medical turpentine bath, a whirl. We resisted the bio detox, which involves immersing your feet in water in which an electrode is placed. The current causes the bodys toxins to swap place with ...
sodium carbonate Summary Report | CureHuntersodium carbonate Summary Report | CureHunter
sodium carbonate: used topically for dermatitides, mouthwash, vaginal douche; veterinary use as emergency emetic; RN given refers to carbonic acid, di-Na salt; structure
Gas solubility in glassy polymers-- a correlation with excess enthalpyGas solubility in glassy polymers-- a correlation with excess enthalpy
Solubility coefficients for CO2, Ar and CH4 in polystyrene (PS) films with glass transition temperatures (Tg) of 52 to 107°C were measured in a pressure-decay sorption apparatus at 1 atm over a temperature range of 20 to 90°C. The gas solubility at 30°C increased as the T s of the PS increased; the heat of solution was largest for the PS with the highest Tg. This observed dependence of gas solubility on T s was analysed in terms of enthalpy-temperature relationships for glassy polymers. The solubilities for PS samples with different glass transition temperatures converged when comparisons were made on the basis of states of equal enthalpy instead of the temperature of measurement.
ASTM D1434 Standard: Gas Permeability Tester for Plastic Film and SheetingASTM D1434 Standard: Gas Permeability Tester for Plastic Film and Sheeting
VAC-V1 is applicable to the determination of gas permeability rate, solubility coefficient, diffusion coefficient and permeability coefficient at various temperature of plastic films, laminated films, sheeting, foils and finished packages, etc. ...
Group of Prof. Paul Knochel | LMU München | Lecture Organic ChemistryGroup of Prof. Paul Knochel | LMU München | Lecture Organic Chemistry
Development of novel organometallic reagents and methods for use in organic synthesis, asymmetric catalysis and natural product synthesis
Fatty Acid Derivatives for Sale Online | 18cFatty Acid Derivatives for Sale Online | 18c
18c is a proud supplier of fatty acid derivatives such as Ethylene Bis Stearmide & Magnesium Stearate. Browse our selection and make an order online today!
Sabinet | Synthesis and characterization of transition metal (Hg(II), Ag(I) and Cd(II)) complexes of some new phosphorus ylides...Sabinet | Synthesis and characterization of transition metal (Hg(II), Ag(I) and Cd(II)) complexes of some new phosphorus ylides...
Reaction of two new phosphorus ylides Ph3PCHCOC10H7 (Y1) and Ph3PCHCOC4H3S (Y2) with mercury(II) halides and a previously reported ylide (p-tolyl)3PCHCOOCH2Ph (Y3) with CdCl2 in equimolar ratios using methanol as solvent yielded binuclear complexes of the type [(Y).HgX2]2 (Y=Y1 and Y2, X=Cl, Br and I) and a complex of [(Y3).HgCl2]2. The latter ylide reacts with Hg(NO3)2.H2O in the same solvent with equimolar ratios to give a polynuclear complex [Hg(Y3)(NO3)(μ-NO3)]n. Also, the reaction between ylides and AgNO3 in 1:2 molar ratios gave mononuclear complexes. Characterization of these products was carried out by elemental analysis, IR and multinuclear NMR techniques.
Assembly of the intrinsic factor domains and oligomerization of the protein in the presence of cobalamin - Danish National...Assembly of the intrinsic factor domains and oligomerization of the protein in the presence of cobalamin - Danish National...
Human intrinsic factor (IF) was purified from the recombinant plant Arabidopsis thaliana by affinity chromatography. Cobalamin (Cbl) saturated protein was separated by gel filtration into peaks I and II, which contained according to SDS electrophoresis the 50 kDa full-length protein IF(50) and a mixture of two fragments, respectively. Two components of peak II were identified as the 30 kDa N-terminal peptide IF(30) and the 20 kDa C-terminal glycopeptide IF(20). Measurements of M(w) under the nondenaturing conditions were conducted by static light scattering. They revealed 100 kDa IF dimers in peak I, whereas 50 kDa cleaved monomers were found in peak II. The protein devoid of Cbl dissociated to the elementary units incapable of association in the absence of Cbl. The individual proteolytic fragments bound Cbl at high concentration of the ligand; however, neither IF(30).Cbl nor IF(20).Cbl oligomerized. A mixture of two fragments IF(30) + IF(20) and Cbl produced a firm complex, IF(30+20).Cbl, which ...
Transfer Pricing and Tax Evasion: Beyond the trans-Atlantic furore - IDEAsTransfer Pricing and Tax Evasion: Beyond the trans-Atlantic furore - IDEAs
As the countries of the European Union struggle to find the resources required to close their budget deficits and face enormous pressure to cut expenditures, tax avoidance in their jurisdiction by US transnational corporations (TNCs) like Google, Amazon, Starbucks and Microsoft through transfer pricing practices has come under intense scrutiny by fiscal authorities there. Despite the irony, the significance of this should not be lost on developing country governments, where transfer pricing has long been an issue for host economies of foreign direct investment (FDI).. Transfer pricing refers to the pricing set between two related companies in intra-company transactions or trading. The latter can involve buying and selling of goods, patents or services between a parent company and a subsidiary, or between two subsidiaries controlled by a common parent, etc. Theoretically, TNCs must price such intra-firm transactions at market value. But clearly, subsidiaries and affiliates of TNCs can manipulate ...
PublicationDetailPublicationDetail
Tissue characterization method in optical coherence tomography (OCT) for in situ histology of soft tissues is presented and demonstrated for mice skin. OCT allows direct noninvasive visualization of subsurface anatomy. It is currently used for in situ investigation of lesions in skin, vessels, retinal layers, oral and bronchial cavity. Although OCT images present high resolution information about tissue morphology, reporting requires a reader experienced in interpretation of the images, visualization, identification of anatomical layers and structures constituting the organ based on OCT speckle appearance. Our approach characterizes tissues through transfer learning of tissue energy interaction statistical physics models of ballistic and near-ballistic photons. The clinical information yield with our approach is comparable to conventional invasive histology. On cross evaluation with mice model experiment, the epidermis, papillary dermis, dermis and adipose tissue constituting the mice skin are ...
Information Technology Department (IT) - LACCD Portal - Los Angeles City CollegeInformation Technology Department (IT) - LACCD Portal - Los Angeles City College
Los Angeles City College empowers students from the diverse communities it serves to achieve their educational and career goals by providing learner-centered pathways to success through transfer, career and technical education, and foundational skills programs.
1-benzyl-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)pyridinium chloride | C15H16ClNO2 - PubChem1-benzyl-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)pyridinium chloride | C15H16ClNO2 - PubChem
1-benzyl-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)pyridinium chloride | C15H16ClNO2 | CID 83108 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more.
Safety push aims to cut Qld mine deaths | Central & North Burnett TimesSafety push aims to cut Qld mine deaths | Central & North Burnett Times
Queensland's mine and quarry workers will get extra training after a spate of deaths, as the government considers industrial manslaughter laws for the sector.
Synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of sulfonated derivatives of 4-hydroxybenzyl imidazole as highly potent...Synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of sulfonated derivatives of 4-hydroxybenzyl imidazole as highly potent...
Ahmed, Sabbir, Shahid, Imran, Dhanani, Sachin and Owen, Caroline P. (2009) Synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a range of sulfonated derivatives of 4-hydroxybenzyl imidazole as highly potent inhibitors of rat testicular 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P-450(17 alpha)). Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 19(16), pp. 4698-4701. ISSN (print) 0960-894X ...
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What youre not seeing in this photo | Central & North Burnett TimesWhat you're not seeing in this photo | Central & North Burnett Times
Married At First Sights Martha Kalifatidis reveals why gaining six kilograms isnt about to stop her from flaunting her Kardashian-like curves online or enjoying life to the fullest.
10-(4-Aminobutyl)-N-[1-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxo-2-propanyl]-16-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-13-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-7-isopropyl-6,9...10-(4-Aminobutyl)-N-[1-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxo-2-propanyl]-16-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-13-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-7-isopropyl-6,9...
Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: 10-(4-Aminobutyl)-N-[1-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxo-2-propanyl]-16-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-13-(1H-ind.
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Carbonic acid | Define Carbonic acid at Dictionary.comCarbonic acid | Define Carbonic acid at Dictionary.com
Carbonic acid, ethyl cyclohexyl esterCarbonic acid, ethyl cyclohexyl ester
WikiGenes - carbonic acid - carbonic acidWikiGenes - carbonic acid - carbonic acid
Carbonic acid - WikipediaCarbonic acid - Wikipedia
CAS No.49758-57-8,Carbonic acid, phenyl 4-(triphenoxymethyl)phenyl ester SuppliersCAS No.49758-57-8,Carbonic acid, phenyl 4-(triphenoxymethyl)phenyl ester Suppliers
Kinetics of the formation of substituted diamides of carbonic acid - Open Access RepositoryKinetics of the formation of substituted diamides of carbonic acid - Open Access Repository
Fluid%2c%20acid%20baseS11 - Actions of buffer systems 4 1 Protein buffer system 2 Carbonic acid Bicarbonate buffer systems 3...Fluid%2c%20acid%20baseS11 - Actions of buffer systems 4 1 Protein buffer system 2 Carbonic acid Bicarbonate buffer systems 3...
Effect of carbonic acid of different concentrations of the glycolysis processes and tricarboxylic acid cycle in rat liver...Effect of carbonic acid of different concentrations of the glycolysis processes and tricarboxylic acid cycle in rat liver...
Carbonic Acid (H2CO3) - Structure, Formula, Properties & Uses with VideosCarbonic Acid (H2CO3) - Structure, Formula, Properties & Uses with Videos
ChemIDplus - 70892-86-3 - Carbonic acid, potassium salt (1:2), polymer with 2-furancarboxaldehyde and phenol - Similar...ChemIDplus - 70892-86-3 - Carbonic acid, potassium salt (1:2), polymer with 2-furancarboxaldehyde and phenol - Similar...
Introduced one carbonic acid hydrogen gas laser for microprocessing - Syohatsu Co., Ltd.Introduced one carbonic acid hydrogen gas laser for microprocessing - Syohatsu Co., Ltd.
carbonic acid Archives - Universe Todaycarbonic acid Archives - Universe Today
Carbonic-Acid Gas as a Fire Extinguisher - Scientific AmericanCarbonic-Acid Gas as a Fire Extinguisher - Scientific American
Extinguishing Fire with Carbonic Acid Gas. - Article - NYTimes.comExtinguishing Fire with Carbonic Acid Gas. - Article - NYTimes.com
Carbonic acid, decyl tetradecyl esterCarbonic acid, decyl tetradecyl ester
Carbonic acid - WikipediaCarbonic acid - Wikipedia
carbonic acid facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about carbonic acidcarbonic acid facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about carbonic acid
Carbonic-acid gas - definition of carbonic-acid gas by The Free DictionaryCarbonic-acid gas - definition of carbonic-acid gas by The Free Dictionary
Carbonic acid, cadmium salt - Substance Information - ECHACarbonic acid, cadmium salt - Substance Information - ECHA
Carbonic acid, ethyl methyl ester - Registration Dossier - ECHACarbonic acid, ethyl methyl ester - Registration Dossier - ECHA
New insights on carbonic acid in water | Science CodexNew insights on carbonic acid in water | Science Codex
Carbonic anhydrase 5 regulates acid-base homeostasis in zebrafish.Carbonic anhydrase 5 regulates acid-base homeostasis in zebrafish.
β-carbonic anhydrases play a role in salicylic acid perception in Arabidopsisβ-carbonic anhydrases play a role in salicylic acid perception in Arabidopsis
Chlorosulfenylated Carbonic Acid Derivatives.Chlorosulfenylated Carbonic Acid Derivatives.
CAS No.228273-02-7,Carbonic acid, methyl 3-methylbutyl ester SuppliersCAS No.228273-02-7,Carbonic acid, methyl 3-methylbutyl ester Suppliers
3459-92-5 - Dibenzyl carbonate, 98% - Benzyl carbonate - Carbonic acid dibenzyl ester - A11464 - Alfa Aesar3459-92-5 - Dibenzyl carbonate, 98% - Benzyl carbonate - Carbonic acid dibenzyl ester - A11464 - Alfa Aesar
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INJECTION PROVIDES EVIDENCE FOR THE ROLE OF BLOOD ACID-BASE STATUS IN STIMULATING VENTILATION AFTER...CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INJECTION PROVIDES EVIDENCE FOR THE ROLE OF BLOOD ACID-BASE STATUS IN STIMULATING VENTILATION AFTER...
Russia Imports from India of Carboxyamide-function Compounds, Amide-function Compounds of Carbonic Acid - 1997-2019 Data | 2020...Russia Imports from India of Carboxyamide-function Compounds, Amide-function Compounds of Carbonic Acid - 1997-2019 Data | 2020...
ON THE INFLUENCE OF PHENYLQUINOLIN CARBONIC ACID (ATOPHAN) ON THE URIC ACID ELIMINATION | Journal of Pharmacology and...ON THE INFLUENCE OF PHENYLQUINOLIN CARBONIC ACID (ATOPHAN) ON THE URIC ACID ELIMINATION | Journal of Pharmacology and...
Interplay between a cytosolic and a cell surface carbonic anhydrase in pH homeostasis and acid tolerance of Leishmania |...Interplay between a cytosolic and a cell surface carbonic anhydrase in pH homeostasis and acid tolerance of Leishmania |...
CAS # 95774-80-4, Carbonic acid 1-chloroethyl 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexyl esterCAS # 95774-80-4, Carbonic acid 1-chloroethyl 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexyl ester
Reaction Mechanism for Direct Proton Transfer from Carbonic Acid to a Strong Base in Aqueous Solution I: Acid and Base...Reaction Mechanism for Direct Proton Transfer from Carbonic Acid to a Strong Base in Aqueous Solution I: Acid and Base...
558466-03-8, Carbonic acid,(2,5-difluorophenyl)(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl1,1-dimethylethyl ester, CAS No 558466-03-8...558466-03-8, Carbonic acid,(2,5-difluorophenyl)(1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)methyl1,1-dimethylethyl ester, CAS No 558466-03-8...
Carbonic anhydrase is found in red blood cells where it catalyses the reaction forming carbonic acid from carbon dioxide and...Carbonic anhydrase is found in red blood cells where it catalyses the reaction forming carbonic acid from carbon dioxide and...
Carbonic acid anhydrateCarbonic acid anhydrate
carbonic acid allyl 2-(2-allyloxycarbonyloxy-ethoxy)-ethyl ester - 142-22-3, C12H18O7, density, melting point, boiling point,...carbonic acid allyl 2-(2-allyloxycarbonyloxy-ethoxy)-ethyl ester - 142-22-3, C12H18O7, density, melting point, boiling point,...
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Carbonic AcidHistamine AgentsCarbonatesCarbonic AnhydrasesCarbon DioxideBicarbonatesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationCalcium CarbonateUnited States Government AgenciesNisinJudgmentDry IceDictionaries, MedicalDictionaries as TopicGasesDictionaries, ChemicalTerminology as TopicSalicylic AcidArabidopsis ProteinsArabidopsisCarbonic Anhydrase IIOctamer Transcription FactorsCarbonic Anhydrase InhibitorsAuthorshipKnowledge BasesGeologyEncyclopedias as TopicEstersAcid-Base EquilibriumAcidosis, RespiratoryInsulin, Regular, HumanDiamideAccess to InformationFormaldehydeBuffersHEPESTromethaminePhosphatesAfrican AmericansIndians, North AmericanScienceAsian AmericansMexican AmericansUnited StatesHispanic AmericansDihydroxyacetone PhosphateCitric Acid CycleDihydroxyacetoneTriosesCosmic RadiationNeutronsAtmosphereSaturnExtraterrestrial EnvironmentSolar ActivityCarbon
Carbon Dioxide and WaterIonsCarbonateReactionConjugate baseAqueousEstersWaterSaltsAminoLactic acidBasesFormLungsOxygenDissolveSodiumBufferCompoundCarbonatesPhosphoricDehydrationCitric acidUreaFormulaUnstable
Carbon Dioxide and Water1
Ions5
Carbonate2
Reaction2
Conjugate base4
Aqueous1
  • It is not exerted by the chief mass of the air, but in a high degree by aqueous vapour and carbonic acid, which are present in the air in small quantities. (lemoyne.edu)
Esters1
Water15
  • Carbonic acid, which is formed by the dissolution and hydrolysis of CO 2 in water, is the major natural leaching agent in many temperate ecosystems. (byjus.com)
  • The preparation of carbonated water, sparkling wine, and other aerated drinks involve the use of carbonic acid. (byjus.com)
  • Tyndall held the opinion that the water-vapour has the greatest influence, whilst other authors, for instance Lecher and Pernter, are inclined to think that the carbonic acid plays the more important part. (lemoyne.edu)
  • As we have now determined, in the manner described, the values of the absorption-coefficients for all kinds of rays, it will with the help of Langley's figures be possible to calculate the fraction of the heat from a body at 15°C. (the earth) which is absorbed by an atmosphere that contains specified quantities of carbonic acid and water-vapour. (lemoyne.edu)
  • Therefore it is obvious that during the period of three years the albuminous substances of the beer yeast water mixed with sugared water and exposed to ordinary air, but under conditions in which animalcules and or moulds were not developed, had absorbed 2.7 per cent of oxygen, which they had partially converted into carbonic acid. (lemoyne.edu)
  • Extra gas will dissolve in water and make more carbonic acid. (freelists.org)
  • Hunter, SE & Savage, PE 2003, ' Acid-catalyzed reactions in carbon dioxide-enriched high-temperature liquid water ', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research , vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 290-294. (elsevier.com)
  • To attempt this experiment, you'll need some purple cabbage indicator water, which changes colors when acids and bases are added to it. (ehow.com)
  • In several days, you will see that the water has changed colors because the exhaled carbon dioxide has combined with the water to create carbonic acid. (ehow.com)
  • Carbonated water releases CO 2 bubbles for many minutes after pressure is released (dissolved carbonic acid reforming), which is an important presentation effect that other gases do not generally have. (stackexchange.com)
  • The addition of weak acids to water helps with neutralising this effect. (stackexchange.com)
  • Alkalinity is a measure of the acid-neutralizing capacity of water. (ufl.edu)
  • The dissolved CO 2(aq) reacts with water molecules to form carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 *), which is very unstable and quickly dissociates, yielding H + and a bicarbonate ion (HCO 3 - ) (Equations 2 and 3). (ufl.edu)
  • When Na 2 HPO4 2− (the weak acid) comes into contact with a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the weak acid reverts back to the weak base and produces water. (oregonstate.education)
  • The enzymatic conversion of starch to sugar proceeds more readily in an alkaline environment(high PH).The conversion of sugar to starch occurs more readily in an acidic environment (low Ph).During the night, when photosynthesis is not taking place, carbon dioxide accumulates in leaf cells it combines with water to form carbonic acid. (atikaschool.org)
Salts1
Amino2
Lactic acid1
Bases2
Form2
Lungs1
  • Carbonic acid is often described as a respiratory acid since it is the only acid that is exhaled in the gaseous state by the human lungs. (byjus.com)
Oxygen2
  • From the illustration provided above, it can be understood that the structure of carbonic acid consists of one carbon-oxygen double bond and two carbon-oxygen single bonds. (byjus.com)
  • Moreover, all absorbed oxygen is recovered in carbonic acid, less the difference that may always result from the coefficients of solubility of two gases in the experimental liquid. (lemoyne.edu)
Dissolve2
Sodium1
Buffer5
Compound1
Carbonates1
Phosphoric1
  • Phosphoric acid is added to impart a tart flavor and to counteract the sweetness of the sugar or artificial sweeteners, and also as a preservative to prevent the growth of mold. (doctorspiller.com)
Dehydration1
  • Hyperlipidemia, along with lifestyle modifications to make therapeutic approach and do nothexceed g daily in patients with severe symptoms fever odynophagia dysphagia retrosternal pain signs severe dehydration leading to cardiopulmonary arrest and rhabdomyolysis which can be ollowed up or down regulation of paco, effectively allowing carbonic acid to the two conditions can suggest an umn lesion as well as symptoms that may be insidious and subacute. (tasteofredding.org)
Citric acid1
  • Citric acid is added, especially to fruit flavored sodas to give a bit more of a zippy flavor. (doctorspiller.com)
Urea2
Formula1
  • Carbonic acid is the chemical compoond wi the formula H 2 CO 3 (equivalently OC(OH) 2 ). (wikipedia.org)
Unstable1
Carbonic acid, ethyl cyclohexyl ester
Carbonic acid, ethyl cyclohexyl ester (webbook.nist.gov)
Carbonic acid | Definition of Carbonic acid at Dictionary.com
Carbonic acid | Definition of Carbonic acid at Dictionary.com (dictionary.com)
October 16, 1886 - Scientific American
October 16, 1886 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
December 16, 1868 - Scientific American
December 16, 1868 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
October 01, 1887 - Scientific American
October 01, 1887 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
How is carbon 14 produced in the atmosphere
How is carbon 14 produced in the atmosphere (answers.com)
Carbonic acid Archives - Universe Today
Carbonic acid Archives - Universe Today (universetoday.com)
June 09, 1883 - Scientific American
June 09, 1883 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
June 01, 1895 - Scientific American
June 01, 1895 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
July 13, 1878 - Scientific American
July 13, 1878 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
October 1922 - Scientific American
October 1922 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
July 07, 1883 - Scientific American
July 07, 1883 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
December 12, 1846 - Scientific American
December 12, 1846 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
April 05, 1879 - Scientific American
April 05, 1879 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
January 09, 1865 - Scientific American
January 09, 1865 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
Is Citric Acid Bad for You? | Livestrong.com
Is Citric Acid Bad for You? | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
Sodium Bicarbonate Plus Citric Acid | Livestrong.com
Sodium Bicarbonate Plus Citric Acid | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
Soda After Wisdom Teeth Removal | Livestrong.com
Soda After Wisdom Teeth Removal | Livestrong.com (livestrong.com)
Carbonic Acid | Smore Newsletters
Carbonic Acid | Smore Newsletters (smore.com)
Is Ammonia a Strong Base? | Reference.com
Is Ammonia a Strong Base? | Reference.com (reference.com)
How Do Acids Reacts With Metal Oxides? | Reference.com
How Do Acids Reacts With Metal Oxides? | Reference.com (reference.com)
Carbonic Acid Retreatment of Biomass - Digital Library
Carbonic Acid Retreatment of Biomass - Digital Library (digital.library.unt.edu)
December 20, 1884 - Scientific American
December 20, 1884 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
Carbon capture and storage
Carbon capture and storage (newscenter.lbl.gov)
Carbonic acid, cadmium salt - Substance Information - ECHA
Carbonic acid, cadmium salt - Substance Information - ECHA (echa.europa.eu)
Scientific American Supplements Volume 5, Issue 109supp - Scientific American
Scientific American Supplements Volume 5, Issue 109supp - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)
April 29, 1882 - Scientific American
April 29, 1882 - Scientific American (scientificamerican.com)