Viomycin
Enviomycin
Kanamycin
Antitubercular Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.
Amikacin
Antibiotics, Antitubercular
Mycobacteriaceae
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.
Ribosome Subunits
The two dissimilar sized ribonucleoprotein complexes that comprise a RIBOSOME - the large ribosomal subunit and the small ribosomal subunit. The eukaryotic 80S ribosome is composed of a 60S large subunit and a 40S small subunit. The bacterial 70S ribosome is composed of a 50S large subunit and a 30S small subunit.
Powders
In vitro microbiological characterization of novel cyclic homopentapeptides, CP-101,680 and CP-163,234, for animal health use. (1/49)
Two cyclic homopentapeptides, CP-101,680 and CP-163,234 [6a-(3',4'-dichlorophenylamino) analogs of viomycin and capreomycin, respectively], were identified as novel antibacterial agents for the treatment of animal disease, especially for livestock respiratory disease. The in vitro microbiological characterization of both CP-101,680 and CP-163,234 was carried out using their parent compounds, viomycin and capreomycin, as controls. This characterization included antibacterial spectrum, influence of media, inoculum size, pH, EDTA, polymixin B nonapeptide (PMBN), serum, cell-free protein synthesis inhibition, and time-kill kinetics. Our results indicated that the capreomycin analog, CP-163,234, showed slightly improved in vitro potency over the viomycin analog, CP-101,680. Both analogs showed very potent cell-free protein synthesis inhibition activity and were bactericidal against Pasteurella haemolytica, P. multocida and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae at the level of 4 times and 8 times MICs. CP-163,234 was bactericidal at the level of 4x and 8x MIC against E. coli, but re-growth was observed after 24 hours incubation at both concentrations of CP-101,680. (+info)In vitro activity of C-8-methoxy fluoroquinolones against mycobacteria when combined with anti-tuberculosis agents. (2/49)
OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of first-line and second-line anti-tuberculosis agents on the ability of fluoroquinolones to kill mycobacteria. METHODS: A clinical isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a laboratory strain of Mycobacterium smegmatis were grown in liquid medium and treated with a fluoroquinolone in the presence or absence of anti-tuberculosis agents. Bacterial survival was determined by viable colony counts on agar medium. RESULTS: When moxifloxacin activity was examined in two-drug combinations containing traditional anti-tuberculosis agents, activity was greater than either compound alone with isoniazid, capreomycin and low, but not high, concentrations of rifampicin. Cycloserine contributed no additional activity, and ethambutol interfered with the lethal action of moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin. Experiments with M. smegmatis confirmed that both rifampicin and ethambutol reduce fluoroquinolone lethality. Moreover, ethambutol increased the recovery of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants newly created by ethyl methanesulphonate treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The intrinsic bactericidal activity of C-8-methoxy fluoroquinolones can be adversely affected by some agents currently used for treatment of tuberculosis. (+info)Unilamellar vesicles as potential capreomycin sulfate carriers: preparation and physicochemical characterization. (3/49)
The aim of this work was to evaluate unilamellar liposomes as new potential capreomycin sulfate (CS) delivery systems for future pulmonary targeting by aerosol administration. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine, and distearoylphosphatidylcholine were used for liposome preparation. Peptide-membrane interaction was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and attenuated total internal reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATIR-FTIR). Peptide entrapment, size, and morphology were evaluated by UV spectrophotometry, photocorrelation spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Interaction between CS and the outer region of the bilayer was revealed by DSC and ATIR-FTIR. DSPC liposomes showed enhanced interdigitation when the CS molar fraction was increased. Formation of a second phase on the bilayer surface was observed. From kinetic and permeability studies, CS loaded DSPC liposomes resulted more stable if compared to DPPC and HPC over the period of time investigated. The amount of entrapped peptide oscillated between 10% and 13%. Vesicles showed a narrow size distribution, from 138 to 166 nm, and a good morphology. These systems, in particular DSPC liposomes, could represent promising carriers for this peptide. (+info)Mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (4/49)
Capreomycin, an important drug for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, is a macrocyclic peptide antibiotic produced by Saccharothrix mutabolis subspecies capreolus. The basis of resistance to this drug was investigated by isolating and characterizing capreomycin-resistant strains of Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Colonies resistant to capreomycin were recovered from a library of transposon-mutagenized M. smegmatis. The transposon insertion site of one mutant was mapped to an open reading frame in the unfinished M. smegmatis genome corresponding to the tlyA gene (Rv1694) in the M. tuberculosis H37Rv genome. In M. smegmatis spontaneous capreomycin-resistant mutants, the tlyA gene was disrupted by one of three different naturally occurring insertion elements. Genomic DNAs from pools of transposon mutants of M. tuberculosis H37Rv were screened by PCR by using primers to the tlyA gene and the transposon to detect mutants with an insertion in the tlyA gene. One capreomycin-resistant mutant was recovered that contained the transposon inserted at base 644 of the tlyA gene. Complementation with the wild-type tlyA gene restored susceptibility to capreomycin in the M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis tlyA transposon mutants. Mutations were found in the tlyA genes of 28 spontaneous capreomycin-resistant mutants generated from three different M. tuberculosis strains and in the tlyA genes of capreomycin-resistant clinical isolates. In in vitro transcription-translation assays, ribosomes from tlyA mutant but not tlyA(+) strains resist capreomycin inhibition of transcription-translation. Therefore, TlyA appears to affect the ribosome, and mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance. (+info)Capreomycin is active against non-replicating M. tuberculosis. (5/49)
BACKGROUND: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is affecting one-third of the world population, and activation of LTBI is a substantial source of new cases of tuberculosis. LTBI is caused by tubercle bacilli in a state of non-replicating persistence (NRP), and the goal of this study was to evaluate the activity in vitro of various antimicrobial agents against non-replicating M. tuberculosis. METHODS: To achieve a state of NRP we placed broth cultures of M. tuberculosis (three strains) in anaerobic conditions, and in this model tested all known anti-TB drugs and some other antimicrobial agents (a total of 32 drugs). The potential effect was evaluated by plating samples from broth cultures for determining the number of viable bacteria (CFU/ml) during a prolonged period of cultivation. Besides drug-free controls we used metronidazole for positive controls, the only drug known so far to be effective against tubercle bacilli in anaerobic setting. RESULTS: On a background of non-replicating conditions in drug-free cultures and clear bactericidal effect of metronidazole none of the antimicrobial agents tested produced effect similar to that of metronidazole except capreomycin, which was as bactericidal at the same level as metronidazole. CONCLUSION: The unique ability of capreomycin to be bactericidal in vitro among the anti-TB drugs against non-replicating tubercle bacilli may justify the search for other drugs among peptide antibiotics with similar activity. This phenomenon requires further studies on the mechanism of action of capreomycin, and evaluation of its activity in appropriate animal models. (+info)Molecular analysis of cross-resistance to capreomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, and viomycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (6/49)
Capreomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, and viomycin are drugs that are used to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Each inhibits translation, and cross-resistance to them is a concern during therapy. A recent study revealed that mutation of the tlyA gene, encoding a putative rRNA methyltransferase, confers capreomycin and viomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. Mutations in the 16S rRNA gene (rrs) have been associated with resistance to each of the drugs; however, reports of cross-resistance to the drugs have been variable. We investigated the role of rrs mutations in capreomycin resistance and examined the molecular basis of cross-resistance to the four drugs in M. tuberculosis laboratory-generated mutants and clinical isolates. Spontaneous mutants were generated to the drugs singularly and in combination by plating on medium containing one or two drugs. The frequencies of recovery of the mutants on single- and dual-drug plates were consistent with single-step mutations. The rrs genes of all mutants were sequenced, and the tlyA genes were sequenced for mutants selected on capreomycin, viomycin, or both; MICs of all four drugs were determined. Three rrs mutations (A1401G, C1402T, and G1484T) were found, and each was associated with a particular cross-resistance pattern. Similar mutations and cross-resistance patterns were found in drug-resistant clinical isolates. Overall, the data implicate rrs mutations as a molecular basis for resistance to each of the four drugs. Furthermore, the genotypic and phenotypic differences seen in the development of cross-resistance when M. tuberculosis bacteria were exposed to one or two drugs have implications for selection of treatment regimens. (+info)Capreomycin binds across the ribosomal subunit interface using tlyA-encoded 2'-O-methylations in 16S and 23S rRNAs. (7/49)
The cyclic peptide antibiotics capreomycin and viomycin are generally effective against the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, recent virulent isolates have become resistant by inactivation of their tlyA gene. We show here that tlyA encodes a 2'-O-methyltransferase that modifies nucleotide C1409 in helix 44 of 16S rRNA and nucleotide C1920 in helix 69 of 23S rRNA. Loss of these previously unidentified rRNA methylations confers resistance to capreomycin and viomycin. Many bacterial genera including enterobacteria lack a tlyA gene and the ensuing methylations and are less susceptible than mycobacteria to capreomycin and viomycin. We show that expression of recombinant tlyA in Escherichia coli markedly increases susceptibility to these drugs. When the ribosomal subunits associate during translation, the two tlyA-encoded methylations are brought into close proximity at interbridge B2a. The location of these methylations indicates the binding site and inhibitory mechanism of capreomycin and viomycin at the ribosome subunit interface. (+info)In Vitro activities of isepamicin, other aminoglycosides, and capreomycin against clinical isolates of rapidly growing mycobacteria in Taiwan. (8/49)
The in vitro activities of isepamicin against 117 Mycobacteria abscessus, 48 Mycobacterium fortuitum, and 20 Mycobacterium chelonae isolates were evaluated by a microdilution test. Isepamicin MIC(90)s were < or =16 microg/ml for the three species. Isepamicin was as active as amikacin and kanamycin and more active than tobramycin, capreomycin, gentamicin, and streptomycin. (+info)
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Streptomyces puniceus
"Catalytic hydrogenation of viomycin and capreomycin". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 14 (11): 1120-1121. doi:10.1021/ ... "Catalytic hydrogenation of viomycin and capreomycin". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 14 (11): 1120-1121. doi:10.1021/ ...
23S rRNA (cytidine1920-2'-O)-methyltransferase
Johansen SK, Maus CE, Plikaytis BB, Douthwaite S (July 2006). "Capreomycin binds across the ribosomal subunit interface using ... Maus CE, Plikaytis BB, Shinnick TM (February 2005). "Mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium ...
16S rRNA (cytidine1409-2'-O)-methyltransferase
Johansen SK, Maus CE, Plikaytis BB, Douthwaite S (July 2006). "Capreomycin binds across the ribosomal subunit interface using ... Maus CE, Plikaytis BB, Shinnick TM (February 2005). "Mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium ...
Amikacin
Bacteria that are resistant to streptomycin and capreomycin are still susceptible to amikacin; bacteria that are resistant to ... Resistance to amikacin also confers resistance to kanamycin and capreomycin. Resistance to amikacin and kanamycin in ... capreomycin, colistin, polymyxin B, and vancomycin; and cisplatin, which is used in chemotherapy. Amikacin should not be used ...
Viomycin kinase
Skinner RH, Cundliffe E (1980). "Resistance to the antibiotics viomycin and capreomycin in the Streptomyces species which ... Other names in common use include viomycin phosphotransferase, and capreomycin phosphotransferase. ...
Hypersensitivity
For drug-resistant TB, a combination of antibiotics such as amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin should be used. The most common ...
Tuberculosis management
Aminoglycosides (STM, capreomycin, amikacin) should be used with caution in pregnancy, because they may cause deafness in the ... Aminoglycosides (STM, capreomycin and amikacin) should be avoided in patients with mild to severe kidney problems because of ... capreomycin, viomycin, enviomycin fluoroquinolones (WHO group 3): e.g., ciprofloxacin (CIP), levofloxacin, moxifloxacin (MXF) ...
Mycobacterium branderi
... and capreomycin. Differential characteristics Differentiation by 16S rRNA sequencing Distinguishing of M. branderi from M. ...
Mycobacterium mageritense
Optimum growth at 30 °C and 37 °C. Resistant to isoniazid, cycloserine, capreomycin, pyrazinamide, and thiosemicarbazone Most ...
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis
MDR-TB takes longer to treat with second-line drugs (i.e., amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin), which are more expensive and ... capreomycin, or kanamycin). XDR-TB raises concerns of a future TB epidemic with restricted treatment options, and jeopardizes ...
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
It is not possible to use more than one injectable (STM, capreomycin or amikacin), because the toxic effect of these drugs is ... capreomycin, kanamycin). When MDR-TB is resistant to at least one drug from each group, it is classified as extensively drug- ...
Mycobacterium alvei
... capreomycin and high levels of isoniazid. Differential characteristics Differentiation from all other mycobacterial species by ...
Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis
... capreomycin, and kanamycin). TDR-TB has been identified in three countries; India, Iran, and Italy. The term was first ...
Mycolicibacter arupensis
... and capreomycin. There are emerging reports of human pathogenesis caused by M. arupensis. Pulmonary infection and tenosynovitis ...
Pentamidine
... capreomycin, colistin, polymyxin B, vancomycin, foscarnet, or cisplatin should be closely monitored, or whenever possible ...
Health in Bangladesh
... or capreomycin), it's called extreme drug resistance tuberculosis (XDR-TB). In 2017, 6 patients were confirmed XDR-TB by ...
North West England
... the large Eli Lilly Speke Operations manufacturing plant produces antibiotics such as Capreomycin, and in 1981 produced the ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
... or capreomycin). The genome of the H37Rv strain was published in 1998. Its size is 4 million base pairs, with 3,959 genes; 40% ...
ATC code J04
Cycloserine J04AB02 Rifampicin J04AB03 Rifamycin J04AB04 Rifabutin J04AB05 Rifapentin J04AB06 Enviomycin J04AB30 Capreomycin ...
Viomycin
... capreomycin. The tuberactinomycins target bacterial ribosomes, binding RNA and disrupting bacterial protein synthesis and ...
List of drugs: C-Ca
Capoten Capozide Caprelsa capreomycin (INN) capromab pendetide (INN) capromorelin (INN) caproxamine (INN) caprylidene Capsagel ...
List of MeSH codes (D04)
... capreomycin sulfate MeSH D04.345.566.235 - cyclosporins MeSH D04.345.566.235.300 - cyclosporine MeSH D04.345.566.252 - ...
List of MeSH codes (D12.644)
... capreomycin sulfate MeSH D12.644.641.235 - cyclosporins MeSH D12.644.641.235.300 - cyclosporine MeSH D12.644.641.243 - ...
Capreomycin
... is commonly grouped with the aminoglycoside family of medications. How it works is unclear. Capreomycin was ... In 1979, capreomycin was used in the area of antituberculosis by inhibiting the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis.[citation ... Capreomycin is an antibiotic which is given in combination with other antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis. ... "TB Online - Capreomycin". Archived from the original on 13 January 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2014. World Health Organization ...
Bedaquiline
The most common side effects of bedaquiline in studies were nausea, joint and chest pain, and headache. The drug also has a black-box warning for increased risk of death and arrhythmias, as it may prolong the QT interval by blocking the hERG channel.[18] Everyone on bedaquiline should have monitoring with a baseline and repeated ECGs.[19] If a person has a QTcF of , 500 ms or a significant ventricular arrythmia, bedaquiline and other QT prolonging drugs should be stopped.[citation needed] There is considerable controversy over the approval for the drug, as one of the largest studies to date had more deaths in the group receiving bedaquiline that those receiving placebo.[20] Ten deaths occurred in the bedaquiline group out of 79, while two occurred in the placebo group, out of 81.[15] Of the 10 deaths on bedaquiline, one was due to a motor vehicle accident, five were judged as due to progression of the underlying tuberculosis and three were well after the person had stopped receiving ...
Tuberkulosi, entziklopedia askea.
Etanbutol, capreomycin (en) , Pirazinamida, isoniazida, isoniazida, viomycin (en) , Pirazinamida, cycloserine (en) eta ...
North West England
... the large Eli Lilly Speke Operations manufacturing plant produces antibiotics such as Capreomycin, and in 1981 produced the ...
Capreomycin - Wikipedia
Capreomycin is commonly grouped with the aminoglycoside family of medications. How it works is unclear. Capreomycin was ... In 1979, capreomycin was used in the area of antituberculosis by inhibiting the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis.[citation ... Capreomycin is an antibiotic which is given in combination with other antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis. ... "TB Online - Capreomycin". Archived from the original on 13 January 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2014. World Health Organization ...
Capastat (capreomycin) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more
... capreomycin), frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive interactions, contraindications, pregnancy & lactation schedules, ... capreomycin injection CAPREOMYCIN - INJECTION (KAP-ree-oh-MYE-sin) COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Capastat WARNING: Use capreomycin with ... encoded search term (capreomycin (Capastat)) and capreomycin (Capastat) What to Read Next on Medscape ... Capreomycin belongs to a class of drugs known as antibiotics. It is believed to work by preventing the growth of the bacteria ...
Capreomycin | Genelabs.com
Capreomycin is a member of the aminoglycoside family of antibiotics. These antibiotics have the ability to kill a wide variety ... Capreomycin also binds to components in the bacterial cell which result in the production of abnormal proteins. These proteins ... Little is known about capreomycins exact mechanism of action, but it is thought to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the ... When a 1-g dose of capreomycin was given intramuscularly to normal volunteers, 52% was excreted in the urine within 12 hours. ...
Tuberculosis (TB) Medication: Antitubercular agents
Capreomycin is used only when first-line agents (eg, isoniazid, rifampin) have been ineffective or cannot be used because of ... Capreomycin, which is obtained from Streptomyces capreolus, is a second-line drug that is coadministered with other ... antituberculous agents in pulmonary infections caused by capreomycin-susceptible strains of M tuberculosis. ...
Treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Infection in Adults and Children
Capreomycin. Capreomycin is an injectable antituberculosis agent. It is available in 1-g vials, and the daily dosage is 15 to ... When there is similar susceptibility to capreomycin and amikacin, capreomycin should be used if the patient is 60 yr of age or ... Capreomycin. Kanamycin. Thiacetazone. POTENTIALLY EFFECTIVE DRUGS THAT HAVE NOT BEEN WIDELY USED IN THE THERAPY OF TUBERCULOSIS ... Capreomycin is toxic to the eighth cranial nerve, causing high frequency hearing loss in 3.2 to 9.4% of patients before ...
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Use of kanamycin in MDR-TB is recommended after failure of capreomycin but before treatment with amikacin However, presence of ... Vulnerable state of supply for sources of capreomycin and kanamycin approved through WHO prequalification are expected to ... Scanty provision of quality assured active pharmaceutical ingredient and WHO-GMP compliant product for capreomycin and ... Aminoglycosides used in the treatment of MDR-TB include kanamycin capreomycin, and amikacin. ...
Epidemiological, Clinical characteristics and Drug resistance situation of Culture-confirmed Children TBM in Southwest of China...
... and Capreomycin (CM, 2.5 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL), the control strain H37Rv were monitored. P-nitrobenzoic acid (PNB) and thiophene- ... Capreomycin; MDR-TB, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; XDR, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis; *: Resistant to at least ... Because the drug resistance rate in capreomycin, ethambutol and levofloxacin was 0 for 6 years, it was not statistically ...
Tuberculosis (TB) Medication: Antitubercular agents
Capreomycin is used only when first-line agents (eg, isoniazid, rifampin) have been ineffective or cannot be used because of ... Capreomycin, which is obtained from Streptomyces capreolus, is a second-line drug that is coadministered with other ... antituberculous agents in pulmonary infections caused by capreomycin-susceptible strains of M tuberculosis. ...
AmikacinEthionamideOfloxacinIsoniazidStreptomycinGentamicinAntibioticAmphotericinDrugsResistanceCidofovirToxicityTuberculosisNeomycinAminoglycoside familyKanamycinBound to the 70S ribosomeViomycinOfloxacinKanamycin and capreomycinCapastatIsoniazidInjectable second-lineViomycin and capreomycinAmikacin and capreomycinAntibioticsCarboplatinSerumTherapyAcyclovirIncreaseEffectsSearchPatients
Amikacin15
- amikacin and capreomycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
- Aminoglycosides used in the treatment of MDR-TB include kanamycin capreomycin, and amikacin. (grandviewresearch.com)
- Use of kanamycin in MDR-TB is recommended after failure of capreomycin but before treatment with amikacin However, presence of substitutes such as amikacin is expected to restrain kanamycin demand as amikacin was found to be more effective at critical concentration as compared to capreomycin and kanamycin on testing their efficacies on the wild-type M. tuberculosis. (grandviewresearch.com)
- MDR-TB that is also resistant to any one of the fluoroquinolones and to at least one of three injectable second-line medicines (amikacin, capreomycin or kanamycin).6 MDR-TB and XDR-TB are principally a result of inadequate or poorly administered treatment regimens. (who.int)
- Extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) is a rare type of MDR-TB that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, plus any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs (i.e., amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin). (cdc.gov)
- DST of second-line drugs (ofloxacin, amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin) was performed on isolates from MDR-TB cases to identify pre-XDR and XDR cases. (who.int)
- abstract = "{\textcopyright} 2015 Elsevier Inc.. The aim of this work was to study the diagnostic accuracy of pyrosequencing to detect resistance to fluoroquinolones, kanamycin, amikacin, capreomycin, and ethambutol (EMB) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains. (uab.cat)
- XDR-TB have worse disease symptoms and are resistant to isoniazid, rifampicin, any one of the fluoroquinolones, and any one of the three injectable second-line drugs amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin. (loinc.org)
- These include patients with extensively drug resistant (XDR) TB, i.e. resistance to any fluoroquinolone (FQ) and to at least one of three second-line injectable drugs (SLID) capreomycin, kanamycin and amikacin [ 2 ] in addition to multidrug-resistance, or with resistance to one of these drug-classes (pre-XDR-TB). (biomedcentral.com)
- Other antituberculosis agents currently available in the US are considered second-line agents and include aminosalicylic acid, capreomycin, cycloserine, ethionamide, and certain aminoglycosides (streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin). (antiinfectivemeds.com)
- MDR-TB is defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, the two most effective first-line antituberculous drugs, while XDR-TB is defined as MDR-TB plus resistance to any fluoroquinolone and any second-line injectable (either kanamycin, amikacin or capreomycin) ( 3 ). (amegroups.com)
- XDR TB (EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TB) is an uncommon form of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) that is resistant to fluoroquinolone, rifampin, isoniazid, and at least one of these three injectable second-line medications (i.e., kanamycin, amikacin, or capreomycin ). (watsonshealth.com.ph)
- Sample sediments were thawed as required.DST ProcedureAll isolates were tested by conventional DST by using MGIT 960 for FQ (ofloxacin and moxifloxacin), second line injectables (amikacin, capreomycin) and EMB using critical concentrations recommen.Udy was carried out at P. D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research centre (PDHNH) a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India. (bet-bromodomain.com)
- XDR-TB is the TB infection caused by MTB that is resistant to most commonly used drugs used in TB treatment like isoniazid and rifampin, plus any fluoroquinolone as well as at least one of the three injectable second-line drugs (amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin). (focustb.com)
- XDR TB by WHO global task force on XDR TB, is defined as TB which is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, plus resistant to any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs (i.e., amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin). (ijsonline.co.in)
Ethionamide1
- Thus, we sought to further characterize second-line TB drug resistance among XDR TB isolates in Tugela Ferry by expanding DST to include capreomycin and ethionamide. (cdc.gov)
Ofloxacin1
- Of those, 15 cases (17.9%) had ofloxacin resistance and 6.0% were resistant to kanamycin and capreomycin. (who.int)
Isoniazid1
- It was observed that 2% of rifampin, 6% of isoniazid, 24% of fluoroquinolone and 32% of aminoglycoside/capreomycin resistance in XDR M. tuberculosis strains would be undetected if only these common hot-spot regions were tested. (who.int)
Streptomycin1
- So enteric-coated tablets are at a time when the drug has ever been a concentrated redox potentials of capreomycin and streptomycin, the speed of the stomach. (moorelifeurgentcare.com)
Gentamicin1
- capreomycin and gentamicin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
Antibiotic3
- Capreomycin is an antibiotic which is given in combination with other antibiotics for the treatment of tuberculosis. (wikipedia.org)
- Capreomycin, an antiphlogistic antibiotic which was produced in the United States in 1960, and be applied in clinic in 1968. (wikipedia.org)
- Capreomycin: This antibiotic has bactericidal action increases as a preservative within 4 months of age, children with the tip of the ghosts. (dnaconnexions.com)
Amphotericin1
- amphotericin B deoxycholate and capreomycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
Drugs1
- The list posted on the Ministry of Health website includes, for the National TB Control Program, the drugs that were necessary but inexistent up to this day: Capreomycin, PAS, Linezolid, Imipenem, Levofloxacine, etc. (raa.ro)
Resistance4
- Additional genetic loci need to be tested for detection of mutations conferring fluoroquinolone, aminoglycoside and capreomycin resistance in order to improve molecular diagnosis of regional XDR M. tuberculosis strains. (who.int)
- Disparities in capreomycin resistance levels associated with the rrs A1401G mutation in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
- DURRANI, M. A. ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Resistance To Quinolones, Aminoglycosides And Capreomycin In Multi Drug Resistant M.Tuberculosis. (edu.pk)
- Methods: This is a cross sectional study among drug resistance TB patients who receive kanamysin or capreomycin as a part of drug regimen during intensive phase in January to September 2017 at Persahabatan hospital. (kemdikbud.go.id)
Cidofovir1
- capreomycin and cidofovir both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
Toxicity1
- Hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and an electrolyte disturbance resembling Bartter's syndrome have been reported to occur in patients with capreomycin toxicity. (genelabs.com)
Tuberculosis4
- Capreomycin is most commonly used to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. (wikipedia.org)
- In 1979, capreomycin was used in the area of antituberculosis by inhibiting the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis. (wikipedia.org)
- Los sedimentos remanentes se conservaron a -20 ºC, y 70 de ellos fueron incluidos en este estudio según su perfil de DR. Treinta cepas de M. tuberculosis DR fueron también evaluadas. (scielo.org.ar)
- El sistema GenoType® MT BDR plus resultó ser útil, fácil de realizar e implementar para la detección rápida de M. tuberculosis DR. Por lo tanto, este ensayo podría ser aplicado como una herramienta rápida para el diagnostico de TBC DR, principalmente en aquellos casos asociados a factores de riesgo. (scielo.org.ar)
Neomycin1
- capreomycin and neomycin PO both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
Aminoglycoside family2
- Capreomycin is commonly grouped with the aminoglycoside family of medications. (wikipedia.org)
- Capreomycin is a member of the aminoglycoside family of antibiotics. (genelabs.com)
Kanamycin1
- Use of kanamycin & capreomycin by the global organization via injectables is forecasted to fuel the growth. (reportsanddata.com)
Bound to the 70S ribosome2
- The structures of Capreomycin bound to the 70S ribosome. (bgsu.edu)
- Stanley, R. E. , Blaha, G. , Grodzicki, R. L. , Strickler, M. D. , and Steitz, T. A. (2010) The structures of the anti-tuberculosis antibiotics viomycin and capreomycin bound to the 70S ribosome . (cornell.edu)
Viomycin1
- In the lab, Michael Thomas is using NIH funding to try to extend the life of capreomycin, as well as its close cousin, viomycin. (wisc.edu)
Ofloxacin3
- DST of second-line drugs (ofloxacin, amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin) was performed on isolates from MDR-TB cases to identify pre-XDR and XDR cases. (who.int)
- Of those, 15 cases (17.9%) had ofloxacin resistance and 6.0% were resistant to kanamycin and capreomycin. (who.int)
- Moreover, logistic regression/gradient tree boosting with a sparse principal component analysis/non-negative matrix factorization step compared with the classifier alone enhanced the best performance in terms of F1-score by 12.54%, 4.61%, 7.45% and 9.58% for amikacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin and capreomycin, respectively, as well increasing area under curve for amikacin and capreomycin. (ox.ac.uk)
Kanamycin and capreomycin4
- MDR-TB is defined as the TB bacilli being resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, while XDR-TB is resistant to more medicaments including fluoroquinolone, and to one of the three injectable drugs (amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin). (researchandmarkets.com)
- XDR TB, a rare form of the disease, is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin plus any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line treatments (amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin). (rtmagazine.com)
- The last decade has seen an unprecedented increase in resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid (defined as multidrug resistance) and has been supplanted by additional resistance to fluoroquinolones and second-line injectable agents: amikacin, kanamycin and capreomycin (defined as extensive resistance). (edctp.org)
- TB infection caused by MTB that is resistant to most commonly used drugs used in TB treatment like isoniazid and rifampin, plus any fluoroquinolone as well as at least one of the three injectable second-line drugs (amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin). (focustb.com)
Capastat1
- XDR-TB is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, as well as any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs, such as amikacin (Amikin), kanamycin (Kantrex), or capreomycin (Capastat). (medpagetoday.com)
Isoniazid4
- Multidrug-resistant {MDR} TB implies resistant to both isoniazid and rifampicin whereas XDR TB implies MDR TB with additional resistance to at least a fluoroquinolones and one of the injectables i.e. kanamycin, amikacin or capreomycin. (pediatriconcall.com)
- The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB), defined as in vitro resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB, defined as in vitro drug resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin plus any fluoroquinolone and at least one of the injectable drugs (amikacin, capreomycin or kanamycin), represents a major threat to TB control at the global level [ 1 - 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
- It was observed that 2% of rifampin, 6% of isoniazid, 24% of fluoroquinolone and 32% of aminoglycoside/capreomycin resistance in XDR M. tuberculosis strains would be undetected if only these common hot-spot regions were tested. (who.int)
- Patients with XDR-TB are infected with strains of M. tb (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that are resistant to rifampicin, isoniazid, at least one fluoroquinolone, and at least one second-line injectable agent (amikacin, capreomycin, or kanamycin). (accesspretomanid.com)
Injectable second-line2
- Kanamycin, Capreomycin and Amikacin are injectable second-line. (nih.gov)
- MDR-TB that is also resistant to any one of the fluoroquinolones and to at least one of three injectable second-line medicines (amikacin, capreomycin or kanamycin).6 MDR-TB and XDR-TB are principally a result of inadequate or poorly administered treatment regimens. (who.int)
Viomycin and capreomycin2
- 2010) The structures of the anti-tuberculosis antibiotics viomycin and capreomycin bound to the 70S ribosome. (nih.gov)
- Stanley, R. E. , Blaha, G. , Grodzicki, R. L. , Strickler, M. D. , and Steitz, T. A. (2010) The structures of the anti-tuberculosis antibiotics viomycin and capreomycin bound to the 70S ribosome . (cornell.edu)
Amikacin and capreomycin1
- amikacin and capreomycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
Antibiotics1
- Capreomycin is used to treat tuberculosis that has not responded to other, less strong antibiotics. (dangerousdrugs.com)
Carboplatin1
- capreomycin and carboplatin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
Serum1
- dichlorphenamide and capreomycin both decrease serum potassium. (medscape.com)
Therapy1
- Estrogens arc given simultaneously with capreomycin therapy. (themauimiracle.org)
Acyclovir1
- acyclovir and capreomycin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
Increase6
- capreomycin and cidofovir both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
- capreomycin and neomycin PO both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
- capreomycin and cephaloridine both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
- capreomycin and cisplatin both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
- capreomycin and contrast media (iodinated) both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
- capreomycin and elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF both increase nephrotoxicity and/or ototoxicity. (medscape.com)
Effects3
- capreomycin increases effects of atracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
- capreomycin increases effects of cisatracurium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
- capreomycin increases effects of rapacuronium by pharmacodynamic synergism. (medscape.com)
Search1
- Métodos: revisión sistemática de literatura, a través de la ecuación: (Social Support) AND (family caregivers) AND (burden of disease) OR (Caregiver Burden) AND (neoplasm), en español, inglés y portugués, en las bases de datos MedLine, Sciencedirect, Sage Journal y Academic Search Complete. (bvsalud.org)
Patients1
- Diastolic pressure by inhibiting the en- random screening of of all patients admitted to a broad array of the imbalance and one of the, weeks later. (themauimiracle.org)