Genetic variability of the beta-tubulin genes in benzimidazole-susceptible and -resistant strains of Haemonchus contortus. (1/1)
Benzimidazole anthelmintics are the most common chemotherapeutic agents used to remove intestinal helminths from farm animals. The development of drug resistance within helminth populations is wide-spread and can render these drugs essentially useless. The mechanism of benzimidazole resistance appears to be common to many species ranging from fungi to nematodes and involves alterations in the genes encoding beta-tubulin. During the selection process resulting in resistance, there must be quantitative changes in the population gene pool. Knowledge of these changes would indicate the mechanisms underlying the spread of resistance in the population, which in turn could be used to design more effective drug administration strategies. To this end we have identified allelic variation at two beta-tubulin genes in Haemonchus contortus using restriction map analysis of individual adults. Extremely high levels of variation were identified at both loci within a susceptible strain. In two independently derived benzimidazole resistant strains, allele frequencies at both loci were significantly different from the susceptible strain but not from each other. The same alleles at both loci, in both resistant strains, were favored by selection with benzimidazoles, suggesting that both loci are involved in determining benzimidazole resistance. These data confirm that changes in allele frequency, rather than novel genetic rearrangements induced by exposure to the drug, explain the changes associated with benzimidazole resistance. These results also show that any DNA based test for the development of benzimidazole resistance must take into account the frequency of alleles present in the population and not simply test for the presence or absence of specific allelic types. (+info)
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Additional anthelmintic agents include the benzimidazoles such as thiabendazole, cambendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole, ... cambendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole, mebendazole, flubendazole, fenbendazole, oxfendazole, albendazole, cyclobendazole, ... cambendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole, mebendazole, flubendazole, fenbendazole, oxfendazole, albendazole, cyclobendazole, ... cambendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole, mebendazole, flubendazole, fenbendazole, oxfendazole, albendazole, cyclobendazole, ...
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Biochemical effects of thiabendazole and cambendazole on Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) in vivo. McCracken, R.O., Taylor, D.D. ... Cambendazole proved to be five times more potent than TBZ against H. diminuta and produced the same basic changes in worm ... Biochemical effects of thiabendazole and cambendazole on Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) in vivo.. An investigation of the ... chemotherapeutic and biochemical effects of two benzimidazole anthelmintics, thiabendazole (TBZ) and cambendazole (CBZ), on ...
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For example, in dogs, ivermectin may be used in the treatment of mites (demodectic mange, scabies, and ear mites), intestinal parasites (hookworms, roundworms), and.Canine heartworm disease is caused by infection with Dirofilaria immitis, a filarial nematode that resides in the pulmonary arteries and occasionally in the right heart chambers of infected dogs.
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- The aim of this study was to analyze the genotoxicity of a saline extract (SE) and vesicular fluid (VF) of T. solium metacestodes and benzimidazoles agents [albendazole (ABZ), cambendazole (CBZ), mebendazole (MBZ) and tiabendazole (TBZ)] in the Drosophila melanogaster wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART). (ufu.br)
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- This is shown by comparing results of critical tests conducted with 9 anthelmintic agents on ponies using the following dosages: 19 mg/kg for Pyrantel embonate, 10 mg/kg for Oxfendazole, 10 mg/kg for Mebendazole, 5 mg/kg for Albendazole, 40 mg/kg for Dichlorvos, 44 mg/kg for Thiabendazole, 7.5 mg/kg, for Fenbendazole, 20 mg/kg for Cambendazole and 7 mg/kg for Parbendazole. (nih.gov)
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