AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
CaliciviridaeCaliciviridae InfectionsCalicivirus, FelineSapovirusVesivirusNorovirusNorwalk virusHemorrhagic Disease Virus, RabbitVesicular exanthema of swine virusGastroenteritisGenome, ViralMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyCapsidOpen Reading FramesRNA, ViralAmino Acid SequenceViral ProteinsBase SequenceCell LineDisease OutbreaksTokyoNetherlandsClick ChemistryUser-Computer InterfaceSoftwareInternetKineticsSearch EngineInformation Storage and RetrievalPatents as TopicTogaviridaeAntiviral AgentsRNA, AntisenseEncyclopedias as TopicOrganic Chemistry ProcessesAstroviridaeAstroviridae InfectionsMamastrovirusHungaryZoonosesRNA VirusesVirus InactivationVirus ReplicationImmunologic MemoryOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsMice, Inbred C57BLAntidiarrhealsFluid TherapyDehydrationRehydration SolutionsRotavirus InfectionsRotavirus
Caliciviridae
A family of RNA viruses infecting a broad range of animals. Most individual species are restricted to their natural hosts. They possess a characteristic six-pointed starlike shape whose surfaces have cup-shaped (chalice) indentions. Transmission is by contaminated food, water, fomites, and occasionally aerosolization of secretions. Genera include LAGOVIRUS; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; SAPPORO-LIKE VIRUSES; and VESIVIRUS.
Caliciviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by CALICIVIRIDAE. They include HEPATITIS E; VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE; acute respiratory infections in felines, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, and some cases of gastroenteritis in humans.
Calicivirus, Feline
A species of the genus VESIVIRUS infecting cats. Transmission occurs via air and mechanical contact.
Sapovirus
A genus of the family CALICIVIRIDAE associated with worldwide sporadic outbreaks of GASTROENTERITIS in humans. The first recorded outbreak was in human infants in Sapporo, Japan in 1977. The genus is comprised of a single species, Sapporo virus, containing multiple strains.
Vesivirus
A genus of the family CALICIVIRIDAE comprised of species infecting a wide range of organisms. Most members of this genus can be readily propagated in cell culture (as opposed to other genera of Caliciviridae). The type species is VESICULAR EXANTHEMA OF SWINE VIRUS.
Norovirus
A genus in the family CALICIVIRIDAE, associated with epidemic GASTROENTERITIS in humans. The type species, NORWALK VIRUS, contains multiple strains.
Norwalk virus
The type species in the genus NOROVIRUS, first isolated in 1968 from the stools of school children in Norwalk, Ohio, who were suffering from GASTROENTERITIS. The virions are non-enveloped spherical particles containing a single protein. Multiple strains are named after the places where outbreaks have occurred.
Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Rabbit
A species in the genus LAGOVIRUS which causes hemorrhagic disease, including hemorrhagic septicemia, in rabbits.
Vesicular exanthema of swine virus
The type species of the genus VESIVIRUS infecting pigs. The resulting infection is an acute febrile disease which is clinically indistinguishable from FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE. Transmission is by contaminated food.
Gastroenteritis
INFLAMMATION of any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Causes of gastroenteritis are many including genetic, infection, HYPERSENSITIVITY, drug effects, and CANCER.
Genome, Viral
The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Capsid
The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid.
Open Reading Frames
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
RNA, Viral
Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Viral Proteins
Proteins found in any species of virus.
Base Sequence
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Cell Line
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
Disease Outbreaks
Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS.
Tokyo
Netherlands
Country located in EUROPE. It is bordered by the NORTH SEA, BELGIUM, and GERMANY. Constituent areas are Aruba, Curacao, Sint Maarten, formerly included in the NETHERLANDS ANTILLES.
Click Chemistry
Organic chemistry methodology that mimics the modular nature of various biosynthetic processes. It uses highly reliable and selective reactions designed to "click" i.e., rapidly join small modular units together in high yield, without offensive byproducts. In combination with COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES, it is used for the synthesis of new compounds and combinatorial libraries.
User-Computer Interface
The portion of an interactive computer program that issues messages to and receives commands from a user.
Software
Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.
Internet
A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Search Engine
Software used to locate data or information stored in machine-readable form locally or at a distance such as an INTERNET site.
Information Storage and Retrieval
Organized activities related to the storage, location, search, and retrieval of information.
Patents as Topic
Exclusive legal rights or privileges applied to inventions, plants, etc.
Togaviridae
A family of RNA viruses, mainly arboviruses, consisting of two genera: ALPHAVIRUS (group A arboviruses), and RUBIVIRUS. Virions are spherical, 60-70 nm in diameter, with a lipoprotein envelope tightly applied to the icosahedral nucleocapsid.
Antiviral Agents
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
RNA, Antisense
RNA molecules which hybridize to complementary sequences in either RNA or DNA altering the function of the latter. Endogenous antisense RNAs function as regulators of gene expression by a variety of mechanisms. Synthetic antisense RNAs are used to effect the functioning of specific genes for investigative or therapeutic purposes.
Encyclopedias as Topic
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Organic Chemistry Processes
The reactions, changes in structure and composition, the properties of the reactions of carbon compounds, and the associated energy changes.
Astroviridae
A family of RNA viruses with two genera: MAMASTROVIRUS and AVASTROVIRUS. They cause GASTROENTERITIS in humans and also infect other vertebrates.
Astroviridae Infections
Infections with ASTROVIRUS, causing gastroenteritis in human infants, calves, lambs, and piglets.
Mamastrovirus
A genus of small, circular RNA viruses in the family ASTROVIRIDAE. They cause GASTROENTERITIS and are found in the stools of several vertebrates including humans. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route and there are at least eight human serotypes. The type species is Human astrovirus.
Hungary
Zoonoses
Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals.
RNA Viruses
Viruses whose genetic material is RNA.
Virus Inactivation
Inactivation of viruses by non-immune related techniques. They include extremes of pH, HEAT treatment, ultraviolet radiation, IONIZING RADIATION; DESICCATION; ANTISEPTICS; DISINFECTANTS; organic solvents, and DETERGENTS.
Virus Replication
The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.
Immunologic Memory
The altered state of immunologic responsiveness resulting from initial contact with antigen, which enables the individual to produce antibodies more rapidly and in greater quantity in response to secondary antigenic stimulus.
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Antidiarrheals
Miscellaneous agents found useful in the symptomatic treatment of diarrhea. They have no effect on the agent(s) that cause diarrhea, but merely alleviate the condition.
Fluid Therapy
Therapy whose basic objective is to restore the volume and composition of the body fluids to normal with respect to WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Fluids may be administered intravenously, orally, by intermittent gavage, or by HYPODERMOCLYSIS.
Dehydration
The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.
Rehydration Solutions
Fluids restored to the body in order to maintain normal water-electrolyte balance.
Rotavirus Infections
Infection with any of the rotaviruses. Specific infections include human infantile diarrhea, neonatal calf diarrhea, and epidemic diarrhea of infant mice.
Rotavirus
A genus of REOVIRIDAE, causing acute gastroenteritis in BIRDS and MAMMALS, including humans. Transmission is horizontal and by environmental contamination. Seven species (Rotaviruses A thru G) are recognized.

An outbreak of viral gastroenteritis associated with consumption of sandwiches: implications for the control of transmission by food handlers. (1/743)

Although food handlers are often implicated as the source of infection in outbreaks of food-borne viral gastroenteritis, little is known about the timing of infectivity in relation to illness. We investigated a gastroenteritis outbreak among employees of a manufacturing company and found an association (RR = 14.1, 95% CI = 2.0-97.3) between disease and eating sandwiches prepared by 6 food handlers, 1 of whom reported gastroenteritis which had subsided 4 days earlier. Norwalk-like viruses were detected by electron microscopy or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in stool specimens from several company employees, the sick food handler whose specimen was obtained 10 days after resolution of illness, and an asymptomatic food handler. All RT-PCR product sequences were identical, suggesting a common source of infection. These data support observations from recent volunteer studies that current recommendations to exclude food handlers from work for 48-72 h after recovery from illness may not always prevent transmission of Norwalk-like viruses because virus can be shed up to 10 days after illness or while exhibiting no symptoms.  (+info)

A community outbreak of food-borne small round-structured virus gastroenteritis caused by a contaminated water supply. (2/743)

In August 1994, 30 of 135 (23%) bakery plant employees and over 100 people from South Wales and Bristol in the United Kingdom, were affected by an outbreak of gastroenteritis. Epidemiological studies of employees and three community clusters found illness in employees to be associated with drinking cold water at the bakery (relative risk 3.3, 95%, CI 1.6-7.0), and in community cases with eating custard slices (relative risk 19.8, 95%, CI 2.9-135.1) from a variety of stores supplied by one particular bakery. Small round-structured viruses (SRSV) were identified in stool specimens from 4 employees and 7 community cases. Analysis of the polymerase and capsid regions of the SRSV genome by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) demonstrated viruses of both genogroups (1 and 2) each with several different nucleotide sequences. The heterogeneity of the viruses identified in the outbreak suggests that dried custard mix may have been inadvertently reconstituted with contaminated water. The incident shows how secondary food contamination can cause wide-scale community gastroenteritis outbreaks, and demonstrates the ability of molecular techniques to support classical epidemiological methods in outbreak investigations.  (+info)

Immunization with potato plants expressing VP60 protein protects against rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus. (3/743)

The major structural protein VP60 of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) has been produced in transgenic potato plants under the control of a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter or a modified 35S promoter that included two copies of a strong transcriptional enhancer. Both types of promoters allowed the production of specific mRNAs and detectable levels of recombinant VP60, which were higher for the constructs carrying the modified 35S promoter. Rabbits immunized with leaf extracts from plants carrying this modified 35S promoter showed high anti-VP60 antibody titers and were fully protected against the hemorrhagic disease.  (+info)

Norwalk-like viral gastroenteritis in U.S. Army trainees--Texas, 1998. (4/743)

During August 27-September 1, 1998, 99 (12%) of 835 soldiers in one unit at a U.S. Army training center in El Paso, Texas, were hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Their symptoms included acute onset of vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever. Review of medical center admission records for AGE during the previous year indicated that fewer than five cases occurred each month. This report describes the outbreak investigation initiated on August 30 by a U.S. Army Epidemiologic Consultation Service (EPICON) team; the findings indicated the outbreak was caused by a Norwalk-like virus (NLV).  (+info)

Identification of a distinct common strain of "Norwalk-like viruses" having a global distribution. (5/743)

"Norwalk-like viruses" (NLVs) are the most common cause of outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. During molecular surveillance of NLV strains from 152 outbreaks of gastroenteritis that occurred in the US between August 1993 and July 1997, we identified an NLV strain that predominated during the 1995-1996 season. The "95/96-US" strain caused 60 outbreaks in geographically distant locations within the US and was identified, by sequence comparisons, in an additional 7 countries on 5 continents during the same period. This is the first demonstration linking a single NLV strain globally and suggests that the circulation of these strains might involve patterns of transmission not previously considered. The diagnostic techniques are now available to establish a global network for surveillance of NLV strains that would highlight the importance of NLVs worldwide and allow molecular identification of common strains having a global distribution so as to consider interventions for their control.  (+info)

Neutralizing feature of commercially available feline calicivirus (FCV) vaccine immune sera against FCV field isolates. (6/743)

Four types of commercially available feline calicivirus (FCV) vaccine were compared in terms of their efficacy on the basis of the ability of the sera of specific-pathogen-free cats immunized by two injections of each type of vaccine to neutralize FCV field isolates. Each vaccine immune serum neutralized relatively well strains F4, F9, and 255, which were FCV laboratory strains. As to 36 strains of field isolates, however, vaccines A, B, C, and D immune sera did not neutralize 18-20 of the strains (50.0%-55.6%), 19-22 of the strains (52.8%-61.1%), 22-25 of the strains (61.1%-69.4%), and 8-16 of the strains (22.2%-44.4%), respectively. These results indicate that there is much difference in neutralizing antigenicity between the existing vaccine strains and the FCV strains that are prevalent in Japan, suggesting the need for improvement of FCV vaccines.  (+info)

Immunoglobulin M antibody test to detect genogroup II Norwalk-like virus infection. (7/743)

Sera obtained from adult volunteers inoculated with genogroup II Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs), Hawaii virus, and Snow Mountain virus and from patients involved in outbreaks of gastroenteritis were tested for genogroup II NLV Mexico virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) by use of a monoclonal antibody, recombinant Mexico virus antigen (rMXV)-based IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sera from genogroup I Norwalk virus (NV)-inoculated volunteers and from patients involved in a genogroup I NLV outbreak were also tested. In sera from those infected with genogroup I NV or NLVs in volunteer and outbreak studies, only 3 of 25 were rMXV IgM positive; in contrast, 24 of 25 were IgM positive for recombinant NV (rNV). In sera from those infected with genogroup II NLVs in volunteer and outbreak studies, 28 of 47 were rMXV IgM positive and none were IgM positive for rNV, showing the specificity of each IgM test for its respective genogroup. In an outbreak of gastroenteritis not characterized as being of viral etiology but suspected to be due to NV, 7 of 13 persons had IgM responses to rMXV, whereas none had IgM responses to rNV, thus establishing the diagnosis as genogroup II NLV infection. The rMXV-based IgM capture ELISA developed is specific for the diagnosis of genogroup II NLV infections.  (+info)

Prevalence of group A rotavirus, human calicivirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus type 40 and 41 infections among children with acute gastroenteritis in Dijon, France. (8/743)

Group A rotaviruses, human caliciviruses, astroviruses, and adenovirus types 40 and 41 were detected by enzyme immunoassay or reverse transcription-PCR in 61, 14, 6, and 3% of stool specimens from 414 children consulting for gastroenteritis between 1995 and 1998. These data highlight the importance of caliciviruses in infantile gastroenteritis. Among these, Norwalk-like viruses belonging to genogroup II were predominant.  (+info)

DMOZ - Health: Conditions and Diseases: Infectious Diseases: Viral: NorovirusesDMOZ - Health: Conditions and Diseases: Infectious Diseases: Viral: Noroviruses
The organism is also known as Norwalk-like viruses or caliciviruses. The disease is also known as stomach flu or viral gastroenteritis.
http://dmoztools.net/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Infectious_Diseases/Viral/Noroviruses/
Comparative quantitative monitoring of rabbit haemorrhagic disease viruses in rabbit kittens<...Comparative quantitative monitoring of rabbit haemorrhagic disease viruses in rabbit kittens<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparative quantitative monitoring of rabbit haemorrhagic disease viruses in rabbit kittens. AU - Matthaei, Markus. AU - Kerr, Peter AU - READ, Andrew. AU - Hick, Paul. AU - Haboury, Stephanie. AU - Wright, John. AU - STRIVE, Tanja. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - Background: Only one strain (the Czech CAPM-v351) of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) has been released in Australia and New Zealand to control pest populations of the European rabbit O. cuniculus. Antigenic variants of RHDV known as RHDVa strains are reportedly replacing RHDV strains in other parts of the world, and Australia is currently investigating the usefulness of RHDVa to complement rabbit biocontrol efforts in Australia and New Zealand. RHDV efficiently kills adult rabbits but not rabbit kittens, which are more resistant to RHD the younger they are and which may carry the virus without signs of disease for prolonged periods. These different infection patterns in young rabbits may significantly influence ...
https://researchprofiles.canberra.edu.au/en/publications/comparative-quantitative-monitoring-of-rabbit-haemorrhagic-diseas
Molecular epidemiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in Australia: When one became many<...Molecular epidemiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in Australia: When one became many<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Molecular epidemiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in Australia. T2 - When one became many. AU - Kovaliski, John. AU - Sinclair, Ron. AU - Mutze, Greg. AU - Peacock, David. AU - Strive, Tanja. AU - Abrantes, Joana. AU - Esteves, Pedro. AU - Holmes, Edward. PY - 2014/2. Y1 - 2014/2. N2 - Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) was introduced into Australia in 1995 as a biological control agent against the wild European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). We evaluated its evolution over a 16-year period (1995-2011) by examining 50 isolates collected throughout Australia, as well as the original inoculum strains. Phylogenetic analysis of capsid protein VP60 sequences of the Australian isolates, compared with those sampled globally, revealed that they form a monophyletic group with the inoculum strains (CAPM V-351 and RHDV351INOC). Strikingly, despite more than 3000 rereleases of RHDV351INOC since 1995, only a single viral lineage has sustained its transmission in the ...
https://researchprofiles.canberra.edu.au/en/publications/molecular-epidemiology-of-rabbit-haemorrhagic-disease-virus-in-au
Unravelling the paradox of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus emergence, using phylogenetic analysis; possible implications for...Unravelling the paradox of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus emergence, using phylogenetic analysis; possible implications for...
During the past 50 years two readily distinguishable rabbit-specific diseases caused by Myxoma virus (MYXV) and Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) respectively, have decimated wild rabbit populations worldwide. Combined with the use of these viruses as biocontrol agents, the consequences for farming, commercial rabbit breeding and rare habitat conservation dependent on rabbit grazing, have been both positive and negative. Moreover, rare predators that rely on rabbits as a food resource, and even hunters, have suffered the consequences of rabbit populations being affected by one or other of these viruses. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus was first identified after thousands of domestic rabbits died suddenly in China in 1984. Similar epidemics subsequently occurred in other regions of Asia, the Middle East, Europe and North America, suggesting that the virus had dispersed widely following its emergence in China. However, the discovery that RHDV had circulated apparently harmlessly for many ...
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/2841/
Genetic variation and phylogenetic analysis of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) strains - Acta Biochimica Polonica -...Genetic variation and phylogenetic analysis of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) strains - Acta Biochimica Polonica -...
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) belongs to the family Caliciviridae and is the etiological agent of the haemorrhagic disease, also known as rabbit plague. Its genome is a linear single-stranded (ss) RNA of 7437 nucleotides and the capsid is built from a single structural protein VP60. In connection with the discovery of new RHDV strains, there is a constant need to investigate the genetic variation of this virus and perform phylogenetic analyses which may show the evolutionary relationships among the RHDV strains. Studies on the divergence of RHDV have shown that it is genetically quite stable, although recent observations indicate that some new RHDV strains, significantly different from the original RHDV subtype and the new RHDVa subtype, are appearing. These latest findings suggest that a new group of RHDV strains has evolved. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the genetic variation and the latest achievements in phylogenetic analyses of RHDV strains isolated in ...
http://agro.icm.edu.pl/agro/element/bwmeta1.element.agro-9ad7b1dd-f059-4ac8-95ee-c4093a3da3cf?q=bwmeta1.element.agro-19abbff4-2e8a-488e-b23f-17676181c8e7
What is Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV)? - Briopets SingaporeWhat is Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV)? - Briopets Singapore
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) is a highly contagious disease caused by a calicivirus that affects rabbits. This includes wild and domesticated European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), from which our own domesticated rabbits are descended. Until 2020, it had not been known to affect North American native ra
https://briopets.com/blogs/briopets-official-blog/what-is-rabbit-hemorrhagic-disease-virus-rhdv
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 | East County MagazineRabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 | East County Magazine
Public, hunters and hikers asked to take precautions to avoid spreading deadly illness. East County News Service. Photo: Creative Commons-S.A. via Bing. May 13, 2020 (Palm Springs) - After 10 dead jackrabbits were found dead on a private property near Palm Springs, a carcass has tested positive for Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 (RHDV2) which is highly contagious and often lethal to both wild and domestic rabbits, as well as hares and pikas. The virus has been confirmed in state and federal lab tests. ...
https://www.eastcountymagazine.org/rabbit-hemorrhagic-disease-virus-type-2
Complete genome sequence of two rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus variant b isolates detected on the Iberian Peninsula, Archives...Complete genome sequence of two rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus variant b isolates detected on the Iberian Peninsula, Archives...
Read Complete genome sequence of two rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus variant b isolates detected on the Iberian Peninsula, Archives of Virology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/complete-genome-sequence-of-two-rabbit-hemorrhagic-disease-virus-W6sWOZDJVP
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 found in California for first time - ABC11 Raleigh-DurhamRabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 found in California for first time - ABC11 Raleigh-Durham
A veterinary laboratory confirmed the presence of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 in a wild black-tailed jackrabbit that was among 10 jackrabbits found dead on a property near Palm Springs, according to Californias Fish and Wildlife Department.
https://abc11.com/rabbit-hemorrhagic-disease-rabbits-getting-sick-california-fwd/6195996/
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease - WikipediaRabbit haemorrhagic disease - Wikipedia
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD), also known as rabbit calicivirus disease (RCD) or viral haemorrhagic disease (VHD), is a highly infectious and often fatal disease that affects wild and domestic rabbits of the species Oryctolagus cuniculus. The infectious agent responsible for the disease is rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), or rabbit calicivirus (RCV), genus Lagovirus of the family Caliciviridae. The virus infects only rabbits, and has been used in some countries to control rabbit populations. RHD first appeared in the Winter of 1983 in Jiangsu Province of the Peoples Republic of China. It was first isolated and characterized by S.J. Liu et al. in 1984. The Chinese outbreak was spread by the angora rabbit, which had originated in Europe. Fourteen million domesticated rabbits died within nine months in the outbreak. In 1984 the virus that caused the disease was identified. The virus spread westward and reached Europe in 1988. The virus has since appeared in Mexico, Cuba, Australia, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbit_haemorrhagic_disease
Norovirus - Abacus DiagnosticaNorovirus - Abacus Diagnostica
Human noroviruses are the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide and cause substantial levels of morbidity and mortality. Symptoms usually include acute onset of vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhoea. Noroviruses are often associated with high-profile outbreaks in hospitals, nursing homes, cruise ships, and the military which cause significant economical burden. Noroviruses are also considered to be the most common viral agents of epidemic food-borne and water-borne viral gastroenteritis. Globally noroviruses are the cause of 18 % of all diarrhoeal diseases.. Due to the extreme infectivity of noroviruses, rapid and reliable laboratory diagnosis is critical to guide the control of norovirus outbreaks by choosing the most appropriate intervention and control practices.. GenomEra® Norovirus assay is rapid and easy to use qualitative in vitro diagnostic (IVD) nucleic acid test for the detection and differentiation of norovirus genogroups I and II from raw or unpreserved unformed ...
https://www.abacusdiagnostica.com/products/norovirus/
usfws | A Green Living Blog - Go Green, Green Home, Green Energyusfws | A Green Living Blog - Go Green, Green Home, Green Energy
Wildlife officials recently announced outbreaks of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Type 2 (RHDV2) ravaging Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona and California. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) deems RHDV2 as seriously contagious and nearly always fatal amongst domestic and wild rabbit species and their close relatives, hares and pikas. RHDV2 is not zoonotic, so it wont infect livestock, pets or humans, asserts the California Department of Fish & Wildlife (CDFW) . Still, Texas Parks & Wildlife (TPW) advise against pets consuming rabbit carcasses. Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) is the viral agent causing rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD). Science Direct says RHDV belongs in the calicivirus family, which infects many animals including pigs, cattle, cats and even humans. Norovirus, for example, is a human calicivirus. But humans seem unaffected by RHDV. Related: Whats causing the decline in monarch butterfly populations? There are two worrisome strains of RHDV - RHDV1 and RHDV2. ...
http://agreenliving.org/tag/usfws/
Alternative attachment factors and internalization pathways for GIII.2 bovine noroviruses. - Mauroy AxelAlternative attachment factors and internalization pathways for GIII.2 bovine noroviruses. - Mauroy Axel
en] Bovine noroviruses belong to the family Caliciviridae, genus Norovirus. Two genotypes are described and viruses genetically related to the Jena and Newbury-2 strains are classified into genotypes 1 and 2 respectively. In this study, virus-like particles (VLP) of the previously detected B309 Belgian strain, genetically related to genotype 2 bovine noroviruses, were used to investigate virus-host interactions in vitro. B309 VLP were shown to bind to several bovine cell lines. This binding was not affected by heparinase or chondroitinase treatment but was significantly inhibited by both sodium periodate, alpha-galactosidase, trypsin and phospholipase C treatment. Cell treatment by neuraminidase also moderately affected this binding. Taken together, these results show that, in addition to a galactosyl residue, sialic acid could also be involved in binding to susceptible cells. In addition, both the cholesterol-dependent pathway and macropinocytosis are used for B309 VLP internalisation by ...
http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/handle/2268/87791
Alternative attachment factors and internalization pathways for GIII.2 bovine noroviruses. - Mauroy AxelAlternative attachment factors and internalization pathways for GIII.2 bovine noroviruses. - Mauroy Axel
en] Bovine noroviruses belong to the family Caliciviridae, genus Norovirus. Two genotypes are described and viruses genetically related to the Jena and Newbury-2 strains are classified into genotypes 1 and 2 respectively. In this study, virus-like particles (VLP) of the previously detected B309 Belgian strain, genetically related to genotype 2 bovine noroviruses, were used to investigate virus-host interactions in vitro. B309 VLP were shown to bind to several bovine cell lines. This binding was not affected by heparinase or chondroitinase treatment but was significantly inhibited by both sodium periodate, alpha-galactosidase, trypsin and phospholipase C treatment. Cell treatment by neuraminidase also moderately affected this binding. Taken together, these results show that, in addition to a galactosyl residue, sialic acid could also be involved in binding to susceptible cells. In addition, both the cholesterol-dependent pathway and macropinocytosis are used for B309 VLP internalisation by ...
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/87791
A Geospatial Analysis of Norovirus Outbreaks in California, and an Inv by Alexandra GroenA Geospatial Analysis of Norovirus Outbreaks in California, and an Inv by Alexandra Groen
Previous studies and empirical evidence suggest norovirus outbreaks in California exhibit correlation with environmental variables and exhibit spatial spread patterns. Few studies have been done looking at what causes norovirus seasonality in temperate climates and more research is needed on the regional level. This study aims to find what relationships exist with outbreak occurrence and environmental variables in California, as well as any spatial patterns of spread or clustering of outbreaks. Spatial analysis tools were used to find any relationships between California norovirus outbreak data and environmental variables. The results showed a south to north spread of outbreaks in California and potential correlation with outbreaks and lower temperatures and higher relative humidity. More research is needed to substantiate the correlation with outbreaks and environmental variables.
https://repository.usfca.edu/capstone/136/
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Confirmed in Texas, Die-0ffs Reported - Texas Outdoors JournalRabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Confirmed in Texas, Die-0ffs Reported - Texas Outdoors Journal
Disease Does Not Affect People, Pets, Livestock. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) has received test results confirming that Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD) was diagnosed in a wild black-tailed jackrabbit in Lubbock County and a wild cottontail rabbit in Hudspeth County. This marks the first confirmed cases of RHD in wild rabbits in Texas and follows the discovery of the disease in domestic rabbits in Hockley County, which was announced in a recent Texas Animal Health Commission news release.. Since March 23, detections of the disease in both wild and domestic rabbits have occurred in New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona and Mexico. There have been reports of mortality events in both wild cottontails (genus Sylvilagus) and jackrabbits (genus Lepus) in El Paso, Hudspeth, Brewster, Terrell, Lubbock and Pecos Counties in Texas.. Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD) is a highly contagious viral disease that can affect both domestic and wild rabbit species. This disease is nearly always fatal and ...
https://texasoutdoorsjournal.com/rabbit-hemorrhagic-disease-confirmed-in-texas-die-0ffs-reported/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=rabbit-hemorrhagic-disease-confirmed-in-texas-die-0ffs-reported
Assessment of Noroviruses in selected ulam from local market in Malaysia - Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional...Assessment of Noroviruses in selected ulam from local market in Malaysia - Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional...
Presence of Norovirus in food can cause viral gasteroenteritis. Recently, lots of reports relating to Norovirus in food have been published. Special attention must be paid to the raw foods as they are not subjected to further heat treatment. In this study, pegaga, kesum, tauge and ulam raja (popular salad vegetables in Malaysia) were investigated for Norovirus. A total of 32 samples from each type of salad vegetables were purchased from local market and analyzed using One-step RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction) for both genogroups namely Norovirus Genogroup I and Genogroup II. Results showed that tauge had the highest contamination with Norovirus Genogroup I (15.6%) comparing to pegaga (9.4%), kesum (12.5%) and ulam raja (0%). Samples were free from Norovirus Genogroup II. The study showed that raw vegetables are high-risk foods and can be contaminated with Norovirus.. ...
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/40971/
Viral Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Europe, 1995-2000 - Volume 9, Number 1-January 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal -...Viral Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Europe, 1995-2000 - Volume 9, Number 1-January 2003 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal -...
Viral gastroenteritis infection, typically a self-limiting condition of short duration in humans, is extremely common and associated with relatively low deaths. Surveillance of outbreaks of this infection, rather than individual cases, may be more appropriate. In our review of the surveillance for this infection in Europe, we found variations in the organizations conducting surveillance, the surveillance definition of a viral gastroenteritis outbreak, the populations under surveillance, and the completeness of descriptive and analytical epidemiologic and diagnostic information.. Researchers comparing surveillance information at an international level should consider the outputs of surveillance, as well as the influence of methodology and structure of surveillance on these outputs. Surveillance for viral gastroenteritis in Europe is poorly developed; systems vary in their sources of data, definitions, and use of diagnostic techniques. These differences are reflected in the wide range of numbers ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/9/1/02-0184_article
Norovirus Activity --- United States, 2006--2007Norovirus Activity --- United States, 2006--2007
This report highlights widespread increased frequency of norovirus-like illness outbreaks and ED visits during October--December 2006 and January--June 2007. This increase was associated with the emergence of two new cocirculating strains of norovirus GII.4. A previous increase in norovirus outbreaks in the United States also was associated with the emergence of new strains (7). Whether the increase in outbreaks is a result of increased pathogenicity or transmissibility of new strains, lower immunity in the population, or other factors is unclear. During late 2006 and early 2007, increases in AGE outbreaks consistent with norovirus (1) were reported by many state health departments. A high proportion of specimens tested were positive for norovirus, which suggests that the increase in AGE outbreaks was associated with norovirus infection. The magnitude and consistency of increases in multiple states suggest an actual increase rather than increased reporting resulting from increased awareness of ...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5633a2.htm
Microbiology Society Journals | Median infectious dose of human norovirus GII.4 in gnotobiotic pigs is decreased by simvastatin...Microbiology Society Journals | Median infectious dose of human norovirus GII.4 in gnotobiotic pigs is decreased by simvastatin...
Human noroviruses (NoVs), a major cause of viral gastroenteritis, are difficult to study due to the lack of a cell-culture and a small-animal model. Pigs share with humans the types A and H histo-blood group antigens on the intestinal epithelium and have been suggested as a potential model for studies of NoV pathogenesis, immunity and vaccines. In this study, the effects of age and a cholesterol-lowering drug, simvastatin, on the susceptibility of pigs to NoV infection were evaluated. The median infectious dose (ID50) of a genogroup II, genotype 4 (GII.4) 2006b variant was determined. The ID50 in neonatal (4-5 days of age) pigs was ≤2.74×103 viral RNA copies. In older pigs (33-34 days of age), the ID50 was 6.43×104 but decreased to |2.74×103 in simvastatin-fed older pigs. Evidence of NoV infection was obtained by increased virus load in the intestinal contents, cytopathological changes in the small intestine, including irregular microvilli, necrosis and apoptosis, and detection of viral antigen in
http://jgv.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.054080-0
Welcome to CDC stacksWelcome to CDC stacks
Although norovirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis, there are few data on the community incidence of infection/disease or the patterns of acquired immunity or innate resistance to norovirus.,We followed a community-based birth cohort of 194 children in Ecuador with the aim to estimate (1) the incidence of norovirus gastroenteritis from birth to age 3 years, (2) the protective effect of norovirus infection against subsequent infection/disease, and (3) the association of infection and disease with FUT2 secretor status.,Over the 3-year period, we detected a mean of 2.26 diarrheal episodes per child (range, 0-12 episodes). Norovirus was detected in 260 samples (18%) but was not found more frequently in diarrheal samples (79 of 438 [18%]), compared with diarrhea-free samples (181 of 1016 [18%]; P = .919). A total of 66% of children had at least 1 norovirus infection during the first 3 years of life, and 40% of children had 2 infections. Previous norovirus infections were not associated ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/31120
Development of a diagnostic approach to the identification of rabbit haemorrhagic disease | Veterinary RecordDevelopment of a diagnostic approach to the identification of rabbit haemorrhagic disease | Veterinary Record
Haemagglutination and ELISA tests, and negative contrast electron microscopy, have been used to identify rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in naturally occurring cases of the disease and in experimentally infected rabbits in the United Kingdom. Haemagglutination tests alone are not satisfactory for the diagnosis because non-haemagglutinating isolates of the virus, otherwise indistinguishable from others, have been found in some outbreaks. Haemagglutination inhibition tests have shown that a proportion of both commercial laboratory and wild rabbits in the UK are seropositive to the virus although they have not been associated with clinical disease. This observation, made previously in other parts of Europe, may indicate the longstanding circulation of a related but non-pathogenic strain of virus. Naturally occurring antibody appears to afford a high degree of protection against experimental challenge with virulent virus.. ...
http://veterinaryrecord.bmj.com/content/137/7/158
Heading off a Norovirus outbreak | Health Facilities ManagementHeading off a Norovirus outbreak | Health Facilities Management
Norovirus is known to cause gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. It is a hardy viruses that can be quite stable in the environment, making it difficult to eliminate. While, Norovirus is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, environmental transmission is particularly important in health care facilities. In 2004, the Johns Hopkins Hospital noted a significant Norovirus outbreak at its 946-bed tertiary care hospital in Baltimore.
https://www.hfmmagazine.com/articles/2873-heading-off-a-norovirus-outbreak
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2
While RHDV2 is a threat to domestic rabbits, the Game Commission has no involvement with domestic animals. PDA is involved with domestic rabbits to the extent that they are raised and slaughtered for meat and such facilities are not voluntarily consenting to USDA and/or FDA oversight. In addition to PDA, USDA, and FDA, private veterinary practices would also provide some oversight of domestic/pet rabbits. Any questions regarding disease surveillance in domestic rabbits should be directed to those non-Game Commission entities. Veterinary diagnostic laboratories are aware of the issue and any detections of RHDV2 in domestic lagomorphs in PA will be reported to the Game Commission ...
https://www.pgc.pa.gov/Wildlife/Wildlife-RelatedDiseases/Pages/Rabbit-Hemorrhagic-Disease-Virus-2.aspx
2C-like protein - Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV)2C-like protein - Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV)
3C-like protease processes the polyprotein: 3CLpro-RdRp (p72) is first released by autocleavage, then all other proteins are cleaved.
https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/F5BXG7
Welcome to CDC stacks | Key infection control recommendations for the control of norovirus outbreaks in healthcare settings -...Welcome to CDC stacks | Key infection control recommendations for the control of norovirus outbreaks in healthcare settings -...
Purpose of Review : Noroviruses are the most common cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in long-term care facility (LTCFs). This review summarizes the most up-to-date knowledge on norovirus infection in LTCFs with the aim of identifying potential stra ...
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11843
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus - OkcPets MagazineRabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus - OkcPets Magazine
But, with this Rabbit assignment, Ive really struggled. Even with my Pollyanna personality, I fear the light here is very faint, and Im not sure theres an end to the tunnel.
https://okcpets.4legspublishing.com/rabbit-hemorrhagic-disease-virus/
Norovirus Invading Dendritic Cell - Stock Image C027/9023 - Science Photo LibraryNorovirus Invading Dendritic Cell - Stock Image C027/9023 - Science Photo Library
Illustration of Norovirus invading a dendritic cell (lower left) in the small intestine. Noroviruses are a genus of single-stranded RNA, non-enveloped viruses in the Caliciviridae family. The viruses are transmitted by fecally-contaminated food or water; by person-to-person contact; and through the air with subsequent contamination of surfaces. Noroviruses are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans, and affect people of all ages. Very little is known about the life cycle of Norovirus because they are so difficult to culture under laboratory conditions. Investigation of murine norovirus (MNV-1) in mice has shed some light on the human version. MNV-1 has an affinity for macrophage and dendritic cells. The replication process appears to occur within clusters of vesicles, their membranes and proteins derived from different sources including the endoplasmic reticulum, trans-Golgi apparatus, and endosomes. This image is based on MNV-1 - Stock Image C027/9023
http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/706195/view
RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Norovirus genotype profiles associated with foodborne transmission, 1999-2012RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Norovirus genotype profiles associated with foodborne transmission, 1999-2012
Worldwide, noroviruses are a leading cause of gastroenteritis. They can be transmitted from person to person directly or indirectly through contaminated food, water, or environments. To estimate the proportion of foodborne infections caused by noroviruses on a global scale, we used norovirus transmission and genotyping information from multiple international outbreak surveillance systems (Noronet, CaliciNet, EpiSurv) and from a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature. The proportion of outbreaks caused by food was determined by genotype and/or genogroup. Analysis resulted in the following final global profiles: foodborne transmission is attributed to 10% (range 9%-11%) of all genotype GII.4 outbreaks, 27% (25%-30%) of outbreaks caused by all other single genotypes, and 37% (24%-52%) of outbreaks caused by mixtures of GII.4 and other noroviruses. When these profiles are applied to global outbreak surveillance data, results indicate that ≈14% of all norovirus outbreaks are attributed to ...
https://repub.eur.nl/pub/88382
Figure 2 - Association of GII.P16-GII.2 Recombinant Norovirus Strain with Increased Norovirus Outbreaks, Guangdong, China, 2016...Figure 2 - Association of GII.P16-GII.2 Recombinant Norovirus Strain with Increased Norovirus Outbreaks, Guangdong, China, 2016...
An unusual prevalence of recombinant GII.2 noroviruses (GII.P16-GII.2) in Guangdong, China, at the end of 2016 caused a sharp increase in outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis. This event was another non-GII.4 epidemic that emerged after the GII.17 viruses in 2014 and 2015 and warrants global surveillance.
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/23/7/17-0333-f2
Norovirus Infection Can Occur in Emtuzumab Treatment - Blaine Pollock NetworkBlaine Pollock NetworkNorovirus Infection Can Occur in Emtuzumab Treatment - Blaine Pollock NetworkBlaine Pollock Network
Norovirus infection can occur in the setting of alemtuzumab treatment and should be included in the differential diagnoses of acute and chronic diarrhea.
http://blainepollock.net/clinical-trials/norovirus-infection-can-occur-emtuzumab-treatment/
Norovirus Infection | Doctors HospitalNorovirus Infection | Doctors Hospital
Learn more about Norovirus Infection at Doctors Hospital of Augusta DefinitionCausesRisk FactorsSymptomsDiagnosisTreatmentPreventionrevision ...
https://doctors-hospital.net/hl/?/2010817201/Noroviruses&com.dotmarketing.htmlpage.language=1
Norovirus Infection | Memorial HospitalNorovirus Infection | Memorial Hospital
Learn more about Norovirus Infection at Memorial Hospital DefinitionCausesRisk FactorsSymptomsDiagnosisTreatmentPreventionrevision .....
https://memorialhospitaljax.com/hl/?/2010817201/Noroviruses&com.dotmarketing.htmlpage.language=1
Norovirus Infection | Medical City DallasNorovirus Infection | Medical City Dallas
Learn more about Norovirus Infection at Medical City Dallas DefinitionCausesRisk FactorsSymptomsDiagnosisTreatmentPreventionrevision ...
https://medicalcityhospital.com/hl/?/222031/Acute-nonbacterial-gastroenteritis&com.dotmarketing.htmlpage.language=1
Norovirus Infection | Parthenon PavilionNorovirus Infection | Parthenon Pavilion
Learn more about Norovirus Infection at TriStar Centennial Parthenon Pavilion DefinitionCausesRisk FactorsSymptomsDiagnosisTreatmentPreventionrevision ...
https://tristarparthenonpavilion.com/hl/?/222031/Caliciviruses
Breakout of norovirus in 2 national parks - Stephen Haskell Law Offices, PLLCBreakout of norovirus in 2 national parks - Stephen Haskell Law Offices, PLLC
No, its not a rampaging bird flu, but the norovirus is a highly contagious gastrointestinal virus. This virus affects 21 million people each year in the U.S. and it is now stalking two of the nations favorite national parks: Yellowstone and Grand Teton. Norovirus common to crowded areas Symptoms of a norovirus infection include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These symptoms will appear within 48 hours of exposure and generally will last a few days and then clear up without any treatment besides bed rest and plenty of fluids. According to the Mayo Clinic, Noroviruses commonly spread through food or water contaminated by fecal matter during preparation. You can also acquire norovirus infection through close contact with an infected person. These viruses are especially common in crowded areas, like day cares, cruise ships, and hospitals. Infected employees quarantined So far, between the two parks, 150 employees and 50 guests have been diagnosed with norovirus. To prevent further spread, ...
http://haskellaw.com/article-breakout-of-norovirus-in-2-national-parks-64
Molecular characterization and expression of the capsid protein of a Norwalk-like virus recovered from a Desert Shield troop...Molecular characterization and expression of the capsid protein of a Norwalk-like virus recovered from a Desert Shield troop...
Norwalk virus (NV) infection was recently found to be associated with gastroenteritis in U.S. military troops stationed in Saudi Arabia during the 1990 Desert Shield Operation. We identified a Norwalk-like virus in the stools of two military personnel with gastroenteritis by ELISA and IEM. By RT-PCR …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8128635/?dopt=Abstract
THE SAFE FOOD HANDBOOK: NOROVIRUS OUTBREAK SPREADSTHE SAFE FOOD HANDBOOK: NOROVIRUS OUTBREAK SPREADS
Of the over 400 posts on this blog, at least 21 deal with norovirus outbreaks on cruise ships, catered events, and even on a plane. Take a look. The post Norovirus on a Plane of February 28, 2011 gives some basic rules on how to avoid the virus, which can be adapted to other places as well. So does the post How to Stay Healthy on a Cruise ...
http://thesafefoodhandbook.blogspot.com/2013/01/norovirus-outbreak-in-us-britain-europe.html
Wahaca Reopens After Norovirus Outbreak - The Food Safety CompanyWahaca Reopens After Norovirus Outbreak - The Food Safety Company
Last week, on November 8th, Mexican restaurant chain Wahaca was able to reopen its doors after they were closed by a norovirus outbreak that had caused a slew of food poisoning cases across a whole host of its locations the week before. The chain had voluntarily shut several of its branches after the norovirus spread throughout them, infecting over 300 of its staff and customers. The incident was notable for the amount of people affected, and for the fact that the virus spread between restaurants of the same chain, which is fairly unusual ...
http://www.foodsafety.company/2016/11/wahaca-reopens-after-norovirus-outbreak.html
NC sees increase in norovirus outbreaks | ProfessionalsNC sees increase in norovirus outbreaks | Professionals
Posted: January 31, 2012Chapel Hill, N.C. - Health departments across North Carolina have reported norovirus outbreaks in recent weeks, prompting state public health officials to issue an alert Tuesday.The state Division of Public Health doesnt track norovirus, so officials dont have specific numbers of people sickened by the gastro-intestinal bugs. They said, however, that eight counties have reported outbreaks, including Wake, Orange, Alamance and Pitt.
http://professionals.hygie.com/en/about-us/public-relations/headlines/nc-sees-increase-norovirus-outbreaks
Norovirus outbreak 2016 update: Stomach flu hit Boynton Beach, Coventry Elementary, and Oakfield Primary SchoolNorovirus outbreak 2016 update: Stomach flu hit Boynton Beach, Coventry Elementary, and Oakfield Primary School
Norovirus outbreak 2016: More reports of the norovirus have come to light including an outbreak at Boynton Beach, Coventry Elementary and Oakfield Primary School.As ...
https://selfgrowth.com/articles/norovirus-outbreak-2016-update-stomach-flu-hit-boynton-beach-coventry-elementary-and-oakfie
Norovirus outbreak 2016 update: Stomach flu hit Boynton Beach, Coventry Elementary, and Oakfield Primary SchoolNorovirus outbreak 2016 update: Stomach flu hit Boynton Beach, Coventry Elementary, and Oakfield Primary School
Norovirus outbreak 2016: More reports of the norovirus have come to light including an outbreak at Boynton Beach, Coventry Elementary and Oakfield Primary School.As ...
https://selfgrowth.com/print/12351911
Helmcken Veterinary Clinic - Dr. Tin Wai Kwan - Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease OutbreakHelmcken Veterinary Clinic - Dr. Tin Wai Kwan - Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Outbreak
Hello to All Bunny Owners:. There is currently an outbreak of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD) type 2 in Nanimo. The first cases were diagnosed at the beginning of March. A second outbreak has occurred last week and is confirmed to be RHD type 2. RHD is caused by a calicivirus. It is highly contagious and lethal in rabbits. This disease ONLY affects rabbits. There is no threat to humans and other animals including dogs and cats. All rabbit owner should take precautions against this disease. Strict quarantine is recommended and ideally rabbits should be kept indoors if possible. This virus can be spread via direct contact with live or dead rabbits. Also fomites - including contaminated food, bedding water, and also insects, birds and mammals can transmit the virus long distances. The incubation period for Type 2 disease is about 3-9 days. Symptoms of the disease include fever, anorexia, dullness, congestion, collapse and sudden death. The death rate is high with no cure available. Treatment ...
http://www.helmckenvet.com/rabbit-outbreak.html
The recombinant origin of emerging human norovirus GII.4/2008: intra-genotypic exchange of the capsid P2 domain | Microbiology...The recombinant origin of emerging human norovirus GII.4/2008: intra-genotypic exchange of the capsid P2 domain | Microbiology...
GII.4 noroviruses are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans. A new variant of GII.4, the 2008 variant, has recently increased its prevalence on a global scale. A previous study of this variant in Japan suggested that it might be of recombinant origin, with a breakpoint at the ORF1-ORF2 junction. Here, examination of the evolutionary origin of the 2008 variant based on a larger sample of worldwide GII.4 norovirus sequences revealed a more complex pattern of recombination between the 2006a- and 2006b-like variants of genotype GII.4, involving the P2 antigenic domain. Double (termed 2008i) and triple (termed 2008ii) recombinant forms of 2008 variants were identified. This study highlights the possible importance of intra-genotypic recombination over antigenic regions in driving norovirus evolution, and is suggestive of a process analogous to the antigenic shift of influenza A virus by reassortment.
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.039057-0
What Is Norovirus? - Power My TechnologyWhat Is Norovirus? - Power My Technology
Noroviruses are the most well-known reason for intense gastroenteritis, which causes looseness of the bowels, stomachache, queasiness, and spewing.. Norovirus is an exceptionally infectious infection that causes an aggravation or contamination of the stomach and digestion tracts, regularly called intense gastroenteritis.. Truth be told, noroviruses are the most widely recognized reason for intense gastroenteritis in the United States, bringing about 19 to 21 million ailments, 56,000 to 71,000 hospitalizations, and 570 to 800 passings every year, as per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).. Norovirus Outbreaks. Noroviruses, of which there are various sorts, are effortlessly transmitted between individuals along the fecal-oral course.. That is, the infections are available in the stool of tainted individuals, and are spread by:. Ingesting debased sustenance or fluids. Putting your fingers in your mouth subsequent to touching sullied surfaces or protests. Having close contact with ...
http://www.powermytechnology.com/2017/10/21/what-is-norovirus/
Norovirus outbreak on sunlight Princess cruise sickens at the least 91 passengers - Save millions of cash by booking in...Norovirus outbreak on sunlight Princess cruise sickens at the least 91 passengers - Save millions of cash by booking in...
The sunlight Princess cruise ship which was traveling to the South Pacific had a norovirus outbreak that sickened at the very least 91 passengers, Australian officials stated. Wellness officials discovered the reason after the ship docked Thursday early morning in Brisbane ...
http://bordersunion.org/2017/08/13/norovirus-outbreak-on-sunlight-princess-cruise-sickens-at-the-least-91-passengers/
A post-translational modification of human norovirus capsid protein attenuates glycan binding | DORA PSIA post-translational modification of human norovirus capsid protein attenuates glycan binding | DORA PSI
Attachment of human noroviruses to histo blood group antigens (HBGAs) is essential for infection, but how this binding event promotes the infection of host cells is unknown. Here, we employ protein NMR experiments supported by mass spectrometry and crystallography to study HBGA binding to the P-domain of a prevalent virus strain (GII.4). We report a highly selective transformation of asparagine 373, located in an antigenic loop adjoining the HBGA binding site, into an iso-aspartate residue. This spontaneous post-translational modification (PTM) proceeds with an estimated half-life of a few days at physiological temperatures, independent of the presence of HBGAs but dramatically affecting HBGA recognition. Sequence conservation and the surface-exposed position of this PTM suggest an important role in infection and immune recognition for many norovirus strains.. ...
https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/psi/islandora/object/psi%3A26618
More Than 400 Sickened in Norovirus Outbreak at El Toro Restaurants in Tacoma, WashingtonMore Than 400 Sickened in Norovirus Outbreak at El Toro Restaurants in Tacoma, Washington
More than 400 people were sickened in a huge norovirus outbreak in Washington state; the outbreak has been linked to two El Toro restaurants in that area.
https://foodpoisoningbulletin.com/2018/400-sickened-norovirus-outbreak-el-toro-restaurants-tacoma-washington/
Epidemiology of Norwalk Gastroenteritis and the Role of Norwalk Virus in Outbreaks of Acute Nonbacterial Gastroenteritis |...Epidemiology of Norwalk Gastroenteritis and the Role of Norwalk Virus in Outbreaks of Acute Nonbacterial Gastroenteritis |...
Outbreaks of Norwalk gastroenteritis, which may involve persons of all ages, occur during all seasons and in various locations. Waterborne, foodborne, and person-to-person modes of transmission have been described, and secondary person-to-person transmission is common. Outbreaks generally end in about 1 week; longer outbreaks occur only when new groups of susceptible persons are introduced, usually in the setting of a persistent common source of infection. The illness is generally mild and characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Vomiting is the predominant symptom among children, whereas diarrhea is commoner among adults. Forty-two percent of 74 outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis investigated by the Centers for Disease Control from 1976 to 1980 were attributed to the Norwalk virus. The rest resembled Norwalk outbreaks clinically and epidemiologically and were probably caused by 27-nm viral agents similar to the Norwalk virus. ...
http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/695616/epidemiology-norwalk-gastroenteritis-role-norwalk-virus-outbreaks-acute-nonbacterial-gastroenteritis?volume=96&page=756
Serological response against myxoma virus and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus in European wild rabbits using commercial...Serological response against myxoma virus and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus in European wild rabbits using commercial...
We carried out an experimental study to determine the serological response against myxoma virus (MV) and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) in wild rabbits using commercial vaccines. Seroconversion against MV ranged between 72.7% and 97.2% in animals vaccinated by subcutaneous and intradermal route, respectively, whereas between 75.0% and 77.8% of the animals presented antibodies against RHDV after inoculation with subcutaneous and intradermal vaccines, respectively. Regardless of the inoculation route, vaccination against MV resulted in a significant increase of seropositivity 5 days post-vaccination (dpv), which did not occur in animals vaccinated against RHDV. Furthermore, seroconversion against MV was significantly higher and faster in intradermally vaccinated rabbits as compared to those inoculated subcutaneously due to either the route of application and/or the type of vaccine used. The results indicated that vaccination significantly increased the prevalence of antibodies against MV ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jwmg.207/abstract?globalMessage=0
CA - Criminal investigation: Chipotle Norovirus OutbreakCA - Criminal investigation: Chipotle Norovirus Outbreak
Criminal investigation tied to norovirus outbreak underway at Chipotle Posted: 9:29 AM, January 06, 2016 Updated: 11:03 AM, January 06, 2016 NEW YORK - Chipotle has been served with a federal subpoena as part of a criminal investigation tied to a norovirus outbreak at one of its restaurants in California. The investigation is being conducted by the U.S. Attorneys Office for the Central District of California in conjunction with the Food and Drug Administrations Office of Criminal
http://www.websleuths.com/forums/showthread.php?298043-CA-Criminal-investigation-Chipotle-Norovirus-Outbreak
Raise awareness - Viral Gastroenteritis also known as Norovirus | Home Care DirectRaise awareness - Viral Gastroenteritis also known as Norovirus | Home Care Direct
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that can infect anyone. You can get it from an infected person, contaminated food or water, or by touching contaminated surfaces. The virus causes your stomach or intestines or both to get inflamed. This leads you to have stomach pain, nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. These symptoms can be serious for many people, especially the vulnerable, young children and older adults.. HomeCareDirect alongside the NHS Infection Prevention and Control team wish to raise awareness in the prevention and control of Viral Gastroenteritis (Norovirus).. Numerous hospitals, independent living accommodation and care homes across the UK have recently been affected by viral gastroenteritis (Norovirus). Predictions are that it could be one of the worst years for people getting viral gastroenteritis which causes diarrhoea and vomiting, especially over Christmas and the winter months. To access advice to help you in preventing and controlling the spread of viral gastroenteritis, ...
http://www.homecaredirect.co.uk/raise-awareness-viral-gastroenteritis-also-known-as-norovirus/
2012 - Dr. Jianrong Li speaks about the future of human norovirus vaccines - Emerging Pathogens Institute - University of...2012 - Dr. Jianrong Li speaks about the future of human norovirus vaccines - Emerging Pathogens Institute - University of...
From the Department of Environmental and Global Health.. Last week, the Emerging Pathogen Institutes Global Pathogens Laboratory had the privilege of hosting Dr. Jianrong Li of The Ohio State University. During his visit to The University of Florida, Dr. Li delivered a powerful, optimistic seminar titled New Interventions against Human Norovirus: Progress, Opportunities, and Challenges.. Human norovirus is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae responsible for more than 90% of nonbacterial gastroenteritis (stomach illness) worldwide and 60% of foodborne illness of a total 23 million cases in the United State every year. The primary difficulty in human norovirus research is the viruss inability to be grown in cell culture and the lack of a small animal model for pathogenesis study, which severely hampers research efforts to generate a vaccine.. To counter this, Dr. Lis group constructed a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) to express VP1, the major ...
http://www.epi.ufl.edu/news-and-events/epi-news/archive/2012/dr-jianrong-li-speaks-about-the-future-of-human-norovirus-vaccines.html
Norovirus Outbreaks in Nursing Homes Associated With Increase in Hospitalizations, Risk of Death - For The Media - JAMA NetworkNorovirus Outbreaks in Nursing Homes Associated With Increase in Hospitalizations, Risk of Death - For The Media - JAMA Network
CHICAGO - In a study that included more than 300 Medicare-certified nursing homes, rates of hospitalization and death were substantially increased during outbreaks of norovirus gastroenteritis vs. non-outbreak periods, according to a study appearing in the October 24/31 issue of JAMA. The study is being published early online to coincide with its presentation at the ID (infectious disease) Week meeting.. In the United States, nursing homes annually provide care to approximately 3.3 million residents and 22 percent of all deaths occur in these settings. Gastroenteritis outbreaks are common in nursing homes in high-income countries. Annually, more than 1,000 outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis are reported by nursing homes to U.S. public health agencies, and this likely represents only a fraction of the actual number due to underreporting. Although nearly half of all reported nursing home gastroenteritis outbreaks are never etiologically [the cause] confirmed because of challenges in performing ...
https://media.jamanetwork.com/news-item/norovirus-outbreaks-in-nursing-homes-associated-with-increase-in-hospitalizations-risk-of-death/
Rapid Active Sampling Surveys as a Tool to Evaluate Factors Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis and Norovirus Infection among...Rapid Active Sampling Surveys as a Tool to Evaluate Factors Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis and Norovirus Infection among...
Abstract. We examined burden and factors associated with norovirus (NoV) acute gastroenteritis (AGE) among children in rural Guatemala. Children age 6 weeks to 17 years were enrolled into three AGE surveillance groups, using two-stage cluster sampling: a prospective participatory syndromic surveillance (PSS) cohort and two cross-sectional rapid active sampling (RAS) surveys, conducted from April 2015 to February 2016. Epidemiologic and NoV testing data were used to identify factors associated with NoV infection, AGE, and NoV+ AGE. The three cross-sectional surveys (PSS enrollment visit, RAS Survey 1, and RAS Survey 2) enrolled 1,239 children, who reported 134 (11%) AGE cases, with 20% of AGE and 11% of non-AGE samples positive for NoV. Adjusted analyses identified several modifiable factors associated with AGE and NoV infection. The cross-sectional RAS surveys were practical and cost-effective in identifying population-level risk factors for AGE and NoV, supporting their use as a tool to direct limited
http://www.ajtmh.org/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.16-1003
Host Genetic Factors Affect Susceptibility to Norovirus Infections in Burkina FasoHost Genetic Factors Affect Susceptibility to Norovirus Infections in Burkina Faso
Norovirus (NoV) constitutes the second most common viral pathogen causing pediatric diarrhea after rotavirus. In Africa, diarrhea is a major health problem in children, and yet few studies have been performed regarding NoV. The association of histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) and susceptibility to NoV infection is well established in Caucasian populations with non-secretors being resistant to many common NoV strains. No study regarding HBGA and NoV susceptibility has yet been performed in Africa. We collected 309 stool and 208 saliva samples from diarrheal children in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; May 2009 to March 2010. NoV was detected using real-time PCR, and genotyped by sequencing. Saliva samples were ABO, Lewis and secretor phenotyped using in house ELISA assays. NoV was detected in 12% (n = 37) of the samples. The genotype diversity was unusually large; overall the 37 positive samples belonged to 14 genotypes. Only children ,2 years of age were NoV positive and the GII.4 NoVs were more ...
http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:640281
Calicivirin - WikipediaCalicivirin - Wikipedia
Calicivirin (EC 3.4.22.66, Camberwell virus processing peptidase, Chiba virus processing peptidase, Norwalk virus processing peptidase, Southampton virus processing peptidase, norovirus virus processing peptidase, calicivirus trypsin-like cysteine protease, calicivirus TCP, calicivirus 3C-like protease, calicivirus endopeptidase, rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 3C endopeptidase) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Endopeptidase with a preference for cleavage when the P1 position is occupied by Glu- and the P1- position is occupied by Gly- Viruses that are members of the Norovirus genus (Caliciviridae family) are a major cause of epidemic acute viral gastroenteritis. Meyers, G.; Rossi, C.; Thiel, H.J. (2004). Calicivirus endopeptidases. In Barrett, A.J.; Rawlings, N.D.; Woessner, J.F. Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes (2nd ed.). London: Elsevier. pp. 1380-1382. Wirblich, C.; Sibilia, M.; Boniotti, M.B.; Rossi, C.; Thiel, H.J.; Meyers, G. (1995). 3C-like protease ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calicivirin
Identification of minireovirus as a Norwalk-like virus in pediatric patients with gastroenteritis. | Journal of VirologyIdentification of minireovirus as a Norwalk-like virus in pediatric patients with gastroenteritis. | Journal of Virology
In 1977, 30- to 32-nm virus-like particles, named minireovirus because of their unique morphologic appearance, were detected by electron microscopy in the stools of infants and young children with gastroenteritis. Sequence analysis of approximately 2,800 consecutive bases derived from overlapping PCR clones of a recent minireovirus clinical isolate showed 52% nucleotide sequence identity with the Norwalk virus sequence and, in addition, demonstrated that the genomic organizations of these two viruses were similar. Our data show that minireovirus is a Norwalk-like virus and should now also be included in the Caliciviridae family. ...
https://jvi.asm.org/content/68/5/3391?ijkey=872cd03108d6f954b97e2fe11486630b264576fd&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Caliciviruses: A major cause of foodborne illness<...Caliciviruses: A major cause of foodborne illness<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Caliciviruses. T2 - A major cause of foodborne illness. AU - Gerba, C. P.. AU - Kayed, D.. PY - 2003/5. Y1 - 2003/5. N2 - The public health impact of infections by human caliciviruses (HuCVs) is increasingly being recognized. The Norwalk-like viruses (NLV) are the most common cause of outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis and the most recognized foodborne viral etiologic agents. Factors that contribute to their high burden of infection are low infectious dose, stability in the environment, the diversity of strains, and the lack of long-term immunity to infection or illness. The recent development of sensitive molecular techniques for diagnosis, quantification, and characterization of these agents has led to the recognition of the importance of NLV infection. Future applications of these approaches to understanding modes of transmission and the effectiveness of control measures holds promise for improved understanding of the epidemiology of HuCVs, as well as important control ...
https://arizona.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/caliciviruses-a-major-cause-of-foodborne-illness
Norovirus outbreak in San Leandro: Day 3 - The HayWordNorovirus outbreak in San Leandro: Day 3 - The HayWord
The owner of the San Leandro convalescent hospital that has been hit with a norovirus outbreak since Jan. 20 reported two new cases today.. He said two staff members have come down with the norovirus but that no more patients have been infected.. That the flu outbreak has not spread to any more patients gives the hospital hope that the outbreak should be under control by this weekend, the owner said.. ...
http://www.ibabuzz.com/hayword/2007/02/02/norovirus-outbreak-in-san-leandro-day-3/
Epitopes in the P2 domain of norovirus VP1 recognized by monoclonal antibodies that block cell interactions | Microbiology...Epitopes in the P2 domain of norovirus VP1 recognized by monoclonal antibodies that block cell interactions | Microbiology...
Noroviruses cause the majority of epidemic outbreaks of acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Human norovirus strains do not grow in cell culture, but recent carbohydrate binding, sequence and structural analyses have begun to define functional domains in the norovirus capsid that may be conserved among multiple antigenic types. The purpose of this study was to localize domains and define sequences in the major capsid protein VP1 that are important for cell interactions. Monoclonal antibodies to genogroups GI.1 and GII.2 reference strains Norwalk virus and Snow Mountain virus, respectively, were generated that blocked binding of recombinant virus-like particles to Caco-2 intestinal cells and inhibited haemagglutination. Peptides that mimicked the mAb binding epitopes were selected from a phage-displayed random nonapeptide library. Anti-recombinant Norwalk virus mAb 54.6 and anti-recombinant Snow Mountain virus mAb 61.21 recognized epitopes located in the protruding P2 domain of VP1. The epitope
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.81134-0
Norovirus Outbreaks and Handwashing | HealthMapNorovirus Outbreaks and Handwashing | HealthMap
At the recent Canadian University Press national conference in Victoria, Canada, more than one third of the 370 attendees were struck with norovirus.. According to USA Today, 165 conference attendees and Harbour Towers Hotel and Suites staff members fell ill. As norovirus is extremely contagious, sick attendees remained isolated in their hotel rooms until they were well enough to travel. Fortunately for them, fees for flight changes and rooms were waived.. The general manager of the hotel informed the Victoria Times Colonist, a local paper, that the hotel has been through a thorough cleaning and that employees will continue to wipe down surfaces with bleach to make sure nothing is lingering.. Noroviruses cause acute gastroenteritis (vomiting, stomach pain, and diarrhea) in humans. Noroviruses are commonly known as stomach flu or food poisoning. This group of viruses can be spread from person to person, through food and water, and through fomites (any inanimate object that has the ability ...
http://www.healthmap.org/site/diseasedaily/article/norovirus-outbreaks-and-handwashing-12312
Beware More than Just the Yellow Snow! A Norovirus Outbreak Associated with a Ski Resort | OMICS InternationalBeware More than Just the Yellow Snow! A Norovirus Outbreak Associated with a Ski Resort | OMICS International
A laboratory-confirmed Norovirus outbreak occurred at an Arizona ski resort February 2013. A case-control study was performed by the University of Arizonas student..
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/beware-more-than-just-the-yellow-snow-a-norovirus-outbreak-associated-witha-ski-resort-2161-1165-1000244.php?aid=75242
Chipotles Norovirus Outbreak Was the Result of Lax Sick-Policy Enforcement - NBC 6 South FloridaChipotles Norovirus Outbreak Was the Result of Lax Sick-Policy Enforcement - NBC 6 South Florida
Chipotle Mexican Grills recent norovirus outbreak in Virginia was the result of lax sick policy enforcement by store managers, the company confirmed on Tuesday. The company said in their earnings conference...
https://www.nbcmiami.com/news/national-international/Chipotle-Says-Norovirus-Outbreak-Result-of-Lax-Sick-Policy-436654583.html
The dynamics of GII.4 Norovirus in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam - UQ eSpaceThe dynamics of GII.4 Norovirus in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam - UQ eSpace
Norovirus (NoV) is a major cause of epidemic gastroenteritis in industrialized countries, yet the epidemiological significance of NoV in industrializing countries remains poorly understood. The spatiotemporal distribution of NoV genotypes identified in 2054 enrolled children was investigated between May 2009 and December 2010, in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. A total of 315 NoV extracted from stool samples were genotyped and GPS mapped to their source. Genogroup II NoV, particularly GII.4, were predominant, and the GII.4 strains could be subgrouped into GII.4-2006b (Minerva) and GII.4-2010 (New Orleans) variants. There was no spatiotemporal structure among the endemic GII strains; yet a significant spatiotemporal signal corresponding with the novel introduction of GII.4-2010 variant was detected. These data show that NoV GII.4 variants are highly endemic in HCMC and describe a scenario of rapid NoV strain replacement occurring in HCMC in early 2010 ...
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:313048
Department of Health | An outbreak of norovirus genogroup II associated with New South Wales oystersDepartment of Health | An outbreak of norovirus genogroup II associated with New South Wales oysters
An epidemiological investigation into an outbreak of norovirus (NoV) associated with the consumption of New South Wales oysters utilised real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to support the epidemiological link between NoV cases and oysters where initial antigen testing was negative.
https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-cdi3801c.htm
Food Contamination and Foodborne Illness Prevention - Food Safety - Minnesota Dept. of HealthFood Contamination and Foodborne Illness Prevention - Food Safety - Minnesota Dept. of Health
Noroviruses are members of a group of viruses called caliciviruses also known previously as Norwalk-like viruses. Learn more about Norovirus, how to minimize your risk of acquiring norovirus infection, required reporting information, clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and more.. ...
http://www.health.state.mn.us/foodsafety/prevention.html
Fight Norovirus and keep schools open - The CleanzineFight Norovirus and keep schools open - The Cleanzine
With the recent outbreaks of Norovirus causing school closures in the US, the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention has published guidelines including the recommendation of cleaning and disinfecting contaminated surfaces with a disinfectant registered as effective against Norovirus by the Environmental Protection Agency.. In addition to Norovirus outbreaks in schools, the CDC has recommended in its Vessel Sanitation Operations Manual the use of a halogen-based disinfectant and sanitiser for cleanup and disinfection of contaminated areas in cruise ships.. Performacide hard surface disinfectant is EPA registered for killing Norovirus in schools, cafeterias, colleges, daycare centres, hotels, and public eating places. It utilises activated chlorine dioxide, a halogen-based EPA registered disinfectant that is effective against Norovirus.. The product is perfect for disinfecting hard non-porous surfaces after contamination by fecal and vomit accidents. Having many versatile applications, it can ...
http://thecleanzine.com/pages/12845/fight_norovirus_and_keep_schools_open/
Eastern Idaho sees spike in norovirus - Outbreak News TodayEastern Idaho sees spike in norovirus - Outbreak News Today
Southeast Idaho health officials say there has been nine confirmed cases of norovirus identified in Southeast Idaho since Jan. 1. This number surpasses the total annual number of confirmed cases in both 2013 and 2014. While there were nine confirmed cases, Ian Troester-Solbrig, a registered nurse and epidemiologist for Southeastern Idaho Public Health, said he has treated some 50 people suffering from norovirus-like symptoms this year.. In addition, at least one person recently died from dehydration, a complication of the viral disease.. Norovirus is a highly contagious viral illness that often goes by other names, such as viral gastroenteritis, stomach flu, and food poisoning.. The symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and some stomach cramping. Sometimes people additionally have a low-grade fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, and a general sense of tiredness. The illness often begins suddenly, and the infected person may feel very sick. In most people, the illness is self-limiting ...
http://outbreaknewstoday.com/eastern-idaho-sees-spike-in-norovirus-25851/
Chipotle Norovirus Outbreak Infects 135 People - Daily Hornet | Breaking News That Stings!Chipotle Norovirus Outbreak Infects 135 People - Daily Hornet | Breaking News That Stings!
Chipotle CEO Steve Ells said we believe someone was working while sick. In response, employees will undergo relentless training to make sure everyone understands that they cant work if they are sick.. The outbreak is a reminder of 2015, the year hundreds of Chipotle customers were sickened in multiple outbreaks of E. coli, Salmonella, and norovirus at multiple restaurant locations.. In September 2016, Chipotle said it had paid lawsuit settlements to nearly 100 people who were sickened with food poisoning in those outbreaks.. Norovirus (sometimes called the stomach flu) is one of the most common causes of food poisoning outbreaks. People who are infected with norovirus usually develop symptoms within 12 to 48 hours after eating contaminated food, and most people get better in 1 to 3 days.. ...
https://dailyhornet.com/2017/chipotle-norovirus-outbreak-infects-135-people/
Health Unit offers info about NorovirusHealth Unit offers info about Norovirus
Special to the Sydenham Current. Norovirus is a virus that causes gastroenteritis.. It can be commonly referred to as winter vomiting disease or the stomach flu.. Using the term stomach flu is misleading in that having norovirus is unrelated to the influenza virus that causes respiratory illness and is generally called the flu.. Symptoms of norovirus include sudden onset of vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, low grade fever and abdominal cramps.. Norovirus is a common virus and affects all age groups of people.. However, young children, the elderly, and those with underlying medical conditions tend to experience more severe symptoms.. It is transmitted by contaminated food and water, person to person direct contact and contact with contaminated surfaces.. Most foodborne outbreaks occur when an infected food handler contaminates the food being served.. Shellfish harvested from contaminated water can also transmit norovirus.. Norovirus is a hardy virus that can survive on environmental surfaces for ...
http://sydenhamcurrent.ca/2017/09/22/health-unit-offers-info-about-norovirus/
The Detection of Noroviruses in Foods. - Surrey Research Insight Open AccessThe Detection of Noroviruses in Foods. - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
Noroviruses are recognised as a major world-wide cause of epidemic gastroenteritis and a significant cause of food-borne illness. The most frequently reported vehicles of transmission are bivalve mulluscan shellfish. However salad crops, vegetables and fruits have also been implicated in outbreaks of disease. Numerous methods have been developed for the detection of Noroviruses in shellfish but these are time-consuming and labour intensive, therefore a method was developed for the routine detection of Noroviruses in shellfish which could be used in a commercial setting. Viral RNA was extracted using a commercially available kit and amplified using a one-step reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) before detection by gel electrophoresis. However the level of sensitivity achieved using this method was found to be insufficient for the detection of natural levels of viral contamination. The uptake and internalisation of viruses by plants was investigated using a model system ...
http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/855068/
Pandemic norovirus rapidly evolves to make you vomit | geek!Pandemic norovirus rapidly evolves to make you vomit | geek!
Pandemic noroviruses have a faster rate of evolution than non-pandemic strains, which could explain why they are better adapted to cause worldwide outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis, according to research published free in PLoS Pathogens this week. Norovirus is an RNA virus that is responsible for the majority of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. Norovirus infection-dubbed winter…
https://geekheartsscience.wordpress.com/2010/03/27/pandemic-norovirus-rapidly-evolves-to-make-you-vomit/
Food-borne norovirus-outbreak at a military base, Germany, 2009 | BMC Infectious Diseases | Full TextFood-borne norovirus-outbreak at a military base, Germany, 2009 | BMC Infectious Diseases | Full Text
Norovirus is often transmitted from person-to-person. Transmission may also be food-borne, but only few norovirus outbreak investigations have identified food items as likely vehicles of norovirus transmission through an analytical epidemiological study. During 7-9 January, 2009, 36 persons at a military base in Germany fell ill with acute gastroenteritis. Food from the military bases canteen was suspected as vehicle of infection, norovirus as the pathogen causing the illnesses. An investigation was initiated to describe the outbreaks extent, to verify the pathogen, and to identify modes of transmission and source of infection to prevent further cases. For descriptive analysis, ill persons were defined as members of the military base with acute onset of diarrhoea or vomiting between 24 December 2008, and 3 February 2009, without detection of a pathogen other than norovirus in stools. We conducted a retrospective cohort study within the headquarters company. Cases were military base members with onset
https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2334-10-30/tables/3
Norovirus | definition of norovirus by Medical dictionaryNorovirus | definition of norovirus by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of norovirus in the Medical Dictionary? norovirus explanation free. What is norovirus? Meaning of norovirus medical term. What does norovirus mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/norovirus
Cruise ship norovirus outbreak highlights how infecti... ( [EMBARGOED FOR MARCH 23 2011] Norovi...)Cruise ship norovirus outbreak highlights how infecti... ( [EMBARGOED FOR MARCH 23 2011] Norovi...)
Health, ...[EMBARGOED FOR MARCH 23 2011] Norovirus is the leading cause of acute...Questionnaires about when people did or did not seek medical care hyg...Less than 1 percent of the crew reported illness and their low attack... Cruise line personnel should discourage ill passengers from boarding ...,Cruise,ship,norovirus,outbreak,highlights,how,infections,spread,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news
http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-news-1/Cruise-ship-norovirus-outbreak-highlights-how-infections-spread-80340-1/
Can a smartphone stop a norovirus outbreak? | barfblogCan a smartphone stop a norovirus outbreak? | barfblog
University of Arizona biomedical engineer Jeong-Yeol Yoon and his team have created a highly sensitive portable detection system capable of spotting norovirus at levels that can make people sick. The work was presented the American Chemical Societys national meeting in San Diego, California on 27 August.. As few as 10 norovirus particles can cause vomiting and diarrhoea in humans and the virus is extremely contagious so early detection is vital to prevent outbreaks. However, the virus does not grow in laboratory cultures and current detection methods rely on specialised and time-consuming PCR (polymerase chain reaction) techniques.. Yoons research team previously developed a smartphone-based device that measured light-scattering from norovirus-bound polystyrene beads in a paper microfluidic chip. It has now improved the devices detection limit by changing to a fluorescence-based method.. I looked at Amazon.com and saw that they sell a lot of these smartphone attachments - smartphone ...
https://www.barfblog.com/2019/08/can-a-smartphone-stop-a-norovirus-outbreak/
Ignite News | Norovirus: could it happen here?Ignite News | Norovirus: could it happen here?
Mohawk College students are asking whether an outbreak similar to the one that recently hit Humber College could happen here. The norovirus outbreak at Humber sickened over 200 students with flu-like symptoms.. My friends at Humber became extremely ill and one of them actually had to be hospitalized, said Mohawk College student Ryan Ryu.. Colleges around the GTA are being asked what they are doing in the wake of the norovirus outbreak at Humber. Jay Robb, Mohawk Colleges director of communications, said the school is taking precautions but wouldnt have handled an outbreak any differently.. As always we keep close tabs on potential outbreaks among our students, faculty and staff, said Robb. Robb also adds that no outbreaks similar to the one at Humber have happened at Mohawk in more than a decade.. But many students and parents remain concerned as to what would happen if Mohawk were to have an outbreak and what it would take for a post-secondary institution to shut down after an ...
http://www.ignitenews.ca/norovirus-could-it-happen-here/
Department of Health | Guidelines for the public health management of gastroenteritis outbreaks due to norovirus or suspected...Department of Health | Guidelines for the public health management of gastroenteritis outbreaks due to norovirus or suspected...
The Communicable Disease Network Australia (CDNA) formed a working group in 2005 in order to develop national guidance regarding outbreaks of norovirus and suspected viral gastroenteritis, in response to increasing reports of outbreaks. These Guidelines are designed to complement existing state and territory guidelines.
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-cdna-norovirus.htm
Department of Health | Guidelines for the public health management of gastroenteritis outbreaks due to norovirus or suspected...Department of Health | Guidelines for the public health management of gastroenteritis outbreaks due to norovirus or suspected...
The Communicable Disease Network Australia (CDNA) formed a working group in 2005 in order to develop national guidance regarding outbreaks of norovirus and suspected viral gastroenteritis, in response to increasing reports of outbreaks. These Guidelines are designed to complement existing state and territory guidelines.
https://www.worldaidsday.org.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-cdna-norovirus.htm
Characterization of regulatory RNA elements in the norovirus and sapovirus genome | EUVIRNACharacterization of regulatory RNA elements in the norovirus and sapovirus genome | EUVIRNA
Norovirus and sapovirus are major agents of gastroenteritis and the first cause of foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Elucidation of the replication mechanisms underlying replication of those important pathogens may lay the ground stone for a comprehensive development of antiviral strategies targeting the replication complex. In this project, the interaction of the replication enzymes with the viral genome will be investigated. In a fist step, a bioinformatics screen for regulatory RNA elements will be performed. This screen will encompass the entire genome of prototype strains in the norovirus and sapovirus. Strongly structured RNA sequences will then be mapped in the viral genome. In a further experimental step, the interaction of the sequences with the viral enzymes will be addressed. This experimental step will occur in vitro using recombinant viral enzymes as well as synthetic RNA corresponding to the viral sequences identified. The interaction will be assessed with Plasmon resonance a ...
http://euvirna.phrmy.cf.ac.uk/?q=node/18
Norovirus - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libreNorovirus - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre
En total, os norovirus poden ser clasificados xeneticamente en 5 xenogrupos (GI, GII, GIII, GIV, e GV), os cales poden subdividirse en agrupacións xenéticas ou xenotipos. Por exemplo, o xenogrupo II, que é o máis frecuente en humanos, actualmente comprende 19 xenotipos. Os xenogrupos I, II e IV infectan a humanos, mentres que o xenogrupo III infecta a bovinos, e o xenogrupo V foi illado recentemente en ratos.[25] Os norovirus que se illan en casos de gastroenterite aguda humana pertencen xeralmente a dous xenogrupos. Estes xenogrupos comúns son: o xenogrupo I (GI) inclúe o virus Norwalk, virus Escudo do Deserto e virus Southampton; e o II (GII), inclúe o virus Bristol, virus Lordsdale, virus Toronto, virus México, virus Hawai e virus Snow Mountain.[23][26] Os norovirus do xenogrupo II, xenotipo 4 (abreviados como GII.4) son responsables da maioría dos estalidos epidémicos de gastroenterite en adultos e a miúdo estenden a infección por todo o mundo.[27] Exemplos recentes son a cepa ...
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norovirus
Environmental Groups in Australia Release Virus to Control Rabbit Population « Invisiverse :: WonderHowToEnvironmental Groups in Australia Release Virus to Control Rabbit Population « Invisiverse :: WonderHowTo
Rabbits have been a persistent problem in Australia for over 150 years. Now the Peel Harvey Catchment Council (PHCC) and Peel-Harvey Biosecurity Group have released a strain of the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), called RHDV1 K5, to reduce the number of pests in the Murray region of New South Wales.
https://invisiverse.wonderhowto.com/news/environmental-groups-australia-release-virus-control-rabbit-population-0176546/
Norovirus | Wisconsin Department of Health ServicesNorovirus | Wisconsin Department of Health Services
Noroviruses (previously called Norwalk-like viruses or SRSVs) are a group of viruses that cause acute gastroenteritis in humans, often referred to as stomach flu. However, norovirus is completely unrelated to influenza, a respiratory virus. Norovirus is spread very easily from person to person. To learn how to properly clean up after someone vomits or has diarrhea, watch the following video.
https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/foodborne/norovirus.htm
The Effects of Specific Point Mutations on Infectivity and Virulence of Murine NorovirusThe Effects of Specific Point Mutations on Infectivity and Virulence of Murine Norovirus
My research project focuses on determining the effect of specific point mutations in the capsid protein of murine norovirus (MNV) on its infectivity and virulence The specific point mutations were selected because they arose naturally in malnourished mice persistently infected with a MNV strain named MNV 1 Together with my postdoctoral mentor, I performed site specific PCR based mutagenesis to introduce the appropriate mutations into a cloned version of the parental virus and determined virus yields For those mutations that were not lethal to the virus, I generated virus stocks and performed virus growth curves to analyze replication efficiency I performed this experiment in two known target cells of MNVs, macrophages (RAW cells) and B cells (M 12 cells) I have identified a mutation that reduces the viral replication efficiency in both cell types, demonstrating that these residues provide a critical function during the viral life cycle The lab is also testing this panel of mutant viruses in ...
https://ufdc.ufl.edu/IR00006666/00001
THE SAFE FOOD HANDBOOK: NOROVIRUS OUTBREAK ON A PLANETHE SAFE FOOD HANDBOOK: NOROVIRUS OUTBREAK ON A PLANE
This is not a recent incident. It happened in 2008. But there is no reason why it cant happen again any time, any flight, anywhere. In fact, it has happened since then, although with less media coverage. The original reported cause of this incident, was food poisoning on a large tour. Several members of this tour group did not even make the flight home because they were too ill, but about another 41 did get on - some already exposed to Norovirus. This common cause of foodborne illness tends to crop up and spread in places where people are in close contact, such as cruises, tours - and, even planes. You can catch it from food, other people and surfaces. On this particular flight, the virus spread from the sick tour group members to other passengers on the plane just in the matter of a few hours ...
http://thesafefoodhandbook.blogspot.com/2011/02/norovirus-on-flight.html
Thousands of wild and domestic rabbits are being killed off by a deadly virus | Daily Mail OnlineThousands of wild and domestic rabbits are being killed off by a deadly virus | Daily Mail Online
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 is believed to have spread to the U.S. from Europe, and was first reported to have killed wild rabbits in New Mexico back in March.
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8336101/Thousands-wild-domestic-rabbits-killed-deadly-virus.html
Highly contagious hemorrhagic rabbit disease found in California for 1st timeHighly contagious hemorrhagic rabbit disease found in California for 1st time
SACRAMENTO - A highly contagious and deadly rabbit disease has been found in California for the first time, the state Fish and Wildlife Department said.. A veterinary laboratory confirmed the presence of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 in a wild black-tailed jackrabbit that was among 10 jackrabbits found dead on a property near Palm Springs early this month, the department said Wednesday.. The department said the disease is lethal to wild and domestic rabbits, but does not affect humans or domestic animals other than rabbits.. Infected rabbits may exhibit no symptoms before suddenly dying, or they may suffer fever, swelling, internal bleeding and liver failure. ...
https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/05/14/hemorrhagic-rabbit-disease-found-in-california-for-1st-time/
List of infectious diseasesList of infectious diseases
Calicivirus infection (Norovirus and Sapovirus) Caliciviridae family Campylobacteriosis Campylobacter species Candidiasis ( ... Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection One of the Human papillomaviruses Human parainfluenza virus infection Human parainfluenza ... Infections associated with diseases. References[edit]. *^ Walsh TJ, Dixon DM (1996). Baron S, et al., eds. Spectrum of Mycoses ... Acinetobacter infections Acinetobacter baumannii Actinomycosis Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_infectious_diseases
CaliciviridaeCaliciviridae
Most calicivirus infections do not call for medical attention, but those who are immunocompromised may need to be hospitalized ... Caliciviridae Viralzone: Caliciviridae 3D macromolecular structures of Caliciviridae from the EM Data Bank(EMDB) ICTV. ... Caliciviridae is a family of viruses, members of Class IV of the Baltimore scheme. They are positive-sense, single stranded RNA ... Calicivirus infections commonly cause acute gastroenteritis, which is the inflammation of the stomach and intestines (e.g. the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliciviridae
CaliciviridaeCaliciviridae
Calicivirus infections commonly cause acute gastroenteritis, which is the inflammation of the stomach and intestines (e.g. the ... The Caliciviridae are a family of viruses, members of Class IV of the Baltimore scheme. They are positive-sense, single- ... Most calicivirus infections do not call for medical attention, but those who are immunocompromised may need to be hospitalized ... Caliciviridae description page from the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses site ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliciviridae
Liosta de ghalair thógálacha - VicipéidLiosta de ghalair thógálacha - Vicipéid
Calicivirus infection (Norovirus and Sapovirus). Caliciviridae family. Campylobacteriosis. Géineas Campylobacter. Candidiasis ( ... Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter pylori. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Escherichia coli O157:H7, O111 and O104:H4 ... Clostridium botulinum; Note: Botulism is not an infection by Clostridium botulinum but caused by the intake of botulinum toxin. ...
https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liosta_de_ghalair_thógálacha
SapovirusSapovirus
can cause vast number of new infections. Infection may occur if the particles are inhaled, such as when the particles are ... in the family Caliciviridae. "Currently, the family Caliciviridae consists of five established genera, Sapovirus, Norovirus, ... 55 faculty members of a college in Taipei County had been diagnosed with sapovirus infections. "Using data from the Oregon and ... "ICTV Report Caliciviridae". Oka, Tomoichiro; Wang, Qiuhong; Katayama, Kazuhiko; Saif, Linda J. (1 January 2015). "Comprehensive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapovirus
Feline calicivirusFeline calicivirus
... can cause infection. However, usually after the age of three years, FCV infections are mild or asymptomatic. FCV vaccination ... It is also used in general Caliciviridae research due to its being one of the few of that group of viruses that grows well in ... Latent or subclinical infections often become clinical when the cat is stressed, such as at the time of adoption. Acute signs ... Co-infection with either feline herpesvirus or feline immunodeficiency virus causes a more severe disease. Clinical signs in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feline_calicivirus
GastroenterocolitisGastroenterocolitis
Gastroenteritis can be caused by viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections. Common routes of infection include: Food ... family Caliciviridae). This virus is highly contagious and spreads rapidly. Norovirus is the most common cause of ... for gastroenteritis because they tend to prolong infection, especially in children. Parasitic infections are difficult to treat ... With most infections, the key is to block the spread of the organism. Wash hands frequently Eat properly prepared and stored ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroenterocolitis
Gene silencingGene silencing
... one dose of siRNA 4 hours pre-infection was shown to control Tulane virus replication for 48 hours post-infection, reducing the ... part of the virus family Caliciviridae, by targeting both its structural and non-structural genes. By targeting the NTPase gene ... However, bacterial infections can still be suppressed by siRNA by targeting the host genes that are involved in the immune ... Qin XF, An DS, Chen IS, Baltimore D (January 2003). "Inhibiting HIV-1 infection in human T cells by lentiviral-mediated ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_silencing
NorovirusNorovirus
These infections can be with or without symptoms. In severe cases, persistent infections can lead to norovirus‐associated ... "ICTV Report Caliciviridae". Public Health Laboratory Network (25 September 2006). "Norovirus Laboratory Case Definition (LCD ... More than 70% of the diners at an adjacent table fell ill; at a table on the other side of the restaurant, the infection rate ... Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. A ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norovirus
VesivirusVesivirus
Premises that are heavily contaminated with vesivirus can be a source of infection for several months. As part of the family ... "ICTV Report Caliciviridae". "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015. Farles. The Free Dictionary. Accessed 02-Mar-2010. ... Vesivirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Caliciviridae. Swine, sea mammals, and felines serve as natural hosts. There are ... The clinical features of vesivirus infection include intensely itching vesicles with clear fluid-containing blisters that erode ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesivirus
AstrovirusAstrovirus
The occurrence of astrovirus infections vary depending on the season. In temperate climates, infection is highest during winter ... Along with the Picornaviridae and the Caliciviridae, the Astroviridae comprise a third family of nonenveloped viruses whose ... Astrovirus infection is not usually a severe situation and only in some rare cases leads to dehydration. The severity and ... The viral particles can be detected in fecal matter within 2 days and peak virus shedding occurs 4-5 days after infection. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrovirus
EnterotoxinEnterotoxin
Caliciviridae, and Astroviridae are responsible for a huge percentage of gastrointestinal disease worldwide. Rotaviruses (of ... "Rotavirus infection". Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 3 (1): 17083. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.83. PMC 5858916. PMID 29119972. Horie ... diarrheal disease mimicking that caused by Rotavirus infection commenced. A putative mode of toxicity is that NSP4 activates a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterotoxin
ZoonosisZoonosis
Unidentified infection of the pigs amplified the force of infection, eventually transmitting the virus to farmers and causing ... The most significant zoonotic pathogens causing foodborne diseases are Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, Caliciviridae, ... Close contact with cattle can lead to cutaneous anthrax infection, whereas inhalation anthrax infection is more common for ... Toxocariasis is infection of humans of any of species of roundworm, including species specific to the dog (Toxocara canis) or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonosis
Norovirus, a enciclopedia libreNorovirus, a enciclopedia libre
Norovirus é un xénero de virus de ARN monocatenario sen envoltura diversos xeneticamente da familia Caliciviridae.[1] Os virus ... 2003). "Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection". Nat. Med. 9 (5): 548-53. PMID 12692541. doi:10.1038/ ... Os norovirus son un grupo xeneticamente diverso de virus de ARN monocatenario sen envoltura da familia Caliciviridae.[23] ... Appleton H (1987). "Small round viruses: classification and role in food-borne infections ...". Ciba Found. Symp. 128: 108-25. ...
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norovirus
Viral diseaseViral disease
A viral disease (or viral infection) occurs when an organism's body is invaded by pathogenic viruses, and infectious virus ... Positive single-stranded RNA families: three non-enveloped (Astroviridae, Caliciviridae and Picornaviridae) and four enveloped ... "Babies Born with CMV (Congenital CMV Infection)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. April 13, 2017. Retrieved June 17 ... Page 273 in: Lennette's Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral Infections (Fourth ed.). CRC Press. 2010. ISBN 978-1420084962. Murillo A ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_disease
Door handle bacteriaDoor handle bacteria
Since the virus is spread mostly by direct contact with an object or surface that has been contaminated by the infection and ... This virus belongs to the family Caliciviridae, which includes other viruses such as: Norovirus, a common cause of food ... By this number Britain has the largest number of infections of all countries in Western Europe. Meningitis is the swelling of ... fungal or other viral infections. Many people may forget the potential for bacteria to thrive on door handles, and after ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Door_handle_bacteria
3C-like protease3C-like protease
The protease 3CLpro is a potential drug target for coronavirus infections due to its essential role in processing the ... Examples include the ones found in poliovirus and in rhinovirus (both are members of genus Enterovirus). Caliciviridae have a ... Possible Urgent Prevention and Treatment Options for Severe Acute Respiratory Infections Caused by 2019-nCoV". ChemBioChem. 21 ... with an α-ketoamide inhibitor provides a basis for design of α-ketoamide inhibitors for a treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3C-like_protease
Rabbit haemorrhagic diseaseRabbit haemorrhagic disease
The incubation period for the RHD virus is between 1 and 3 days, with death following 1 to 2 days after the infection. There is ... genus Lagovirus of the family Caliciviridae. The virus infects only rabbits, and has been used in some countries to control ... By April 6, 25 of the 27 affected rabbits had died of the infection. In order to contain the disease, the remaining two rabbits ... Rabbits may develop immunity against other strains of the RHD virus, while others may endure persistent infections. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbit_haemorrhagic_disease_virus
Orthohepevirus AOrthohepevirus A
It was previously classified in the family Caliciviridae. However, its genome more closely resembles rubella virus. It is now ... The global burden of infections from the two major genotypes (1 and 2) is estimated at 20 million per year, leading to 70,000 ... Hepatitis E Virus Infection. Clin Micro Reviews 27 (1) 116-138 "Hepeviridae - Hepeviridae - Positive-sense RNA Viruses". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthohepevirus_A
Virus, den frie encyklopædiVirus, den frie encyklopædi
May 17, 2007, Science Daily: Herpes infection might have an up side Citat: "...U.S. medical scientists say a herpes virus ... Caliciviridae. *Hepadnaviridae f.eks. Hepatitis B. *Papovaviridae f.eks. fodvorter. *Parvoviridae f.eks. lussingesyge/5. ... infection has an unexpected up side, at least in mice, since it protects them against bacterial infections..." ... Hantaviral Proteins: Structure, Functions, and Role in Hantavirus Infection. Frontiers in Microbiology ...
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vira_
VPgVPg
Potyviridae and Caliciviridae. There are some studies showing that a possible VPg protein is also present in astroviridae, ... abrogating the requirement of VPg in initial infection whereas studies with feline calicivirus confirmed that the VPg protein ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VPg
RNA virusRNA virus
Purified RNA of a positive-sense virus can directly cause infection though it may be less infectious than the whole virus ... One study has suggested that there are two large clades: One includes the families Caliciviridae, Flaviviridae, and ... Kondo H, Chiba S, Toyoda K, Suzuki N (January 2013). "Evidence for negative-strand RNA virus infection in fungi". Virology. 435 ... The resulting recombinant viruses may sometimes cause an outbreak of infection in humans. Classification of the RNA viruses is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_virus
中東呼吸綜合症 - 维基百科，自由的百中東呼吸綜合症 - 维基百科，自由的百
Infection prevention and control during health care for probable or confirmed cases of novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection (PDF) ... 杯状病毒科 Caliciviridae. *修道院病毒科 Closteroviridae ... WHO: Novel coronavirus infection. 2013-02-11 [2013-02-13].. *^ James Gallagher. Coronavirus: Signs the new Sars-like virus can ... Camel infection 'led to Mers death'. BBC News. 2014-06-05 [2014-06-05].. ...
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中東呼吸綜合症
ZoonosisZoonosis
Unidentified infection of the pigs amplified the force of infection, eventually transmitting the virus to farmers and causing ... The most significant zoonotic pathogens causing foodborne diseases are Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, Caliciviridae, ... Close contact with cattle can lead to cutaneous anthrax infection, whereas inhalation anthrax infection is more common for ... Taenia crassiceps infection Taenia crassiceps wolves, coyotes, jackals, foxes contact with soil contaminated with feces ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonosis
BetanodavirusBetanodavirus
Breuil, G., Bonami, J.R., Pepin, J.F., and Pichot, Y. (1991). Viral infection (picorna-like virus) associated with mass ... Mechanisms of Capsid Assembly and Viral Infection. PLoS Pathogens 11(10), e1005203. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betanodavirus
VirusVirus
The presence of IgM in the blood of the host is used to test for acute infection, whereas IgG indicates an infection sometime ... Vaccination is a cheap and effective way of preventing infections by viruses. Vaccines were used to prevent viral infections ... Smallpox infections have been eradicated.[196] Vaccines are available to prevent over thirteen viral infections of humans,[197] ... Hepatitis viruses can develop into a chronic viral infection that leads to liver cancer.[179][180] Infection by human T- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_structure
History of virologyHistory of virology
But, unlike other viral infections, the incidence of polio - the rarer severe form of the infection - increased in the 20th ... Many bacteriologists soon discovered the cause of numerous infections. However, some infections remained, many of them ... Ivanovsky suggested the infection might be caused by a toxin produced by bacteria, but did not pursue the idea.[3] ... Infections by poliovirus most often cause the mildest of symptoms. This was not known until the virus was isolated in cultured ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_virology
RetrovirusRetrovirus
Feline leukemia virus and Feline immunodeficiency virus infections are treated with biologics, including the only ... At that point, the infection will persist indefinitely. In most viruses, DNA is transcribed into RNA, and then RNA is ... As a result, cells such as neurons are very resistant to infection and transduction by retroviruses. This gives rise to a ... Antiretroviral drugs are medications for the treatment of infection by retroviruses, primarily HIV. Different classes of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SsRNA-RT_virus
BirnaviridaeBirnaviridae
chronic infection in adult, and acute viral disease in young salmonid fish.[1][2] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birnaviridae
HepadnaviridaeHepadnaviridae
Hepatis B Virus (HBV) was identified as an infection distinct from Hepatitis A through its contamination of measles, mumps, and ... Diseases associated with this family include: liver infections, such as hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas (chronic ... cell to infect others or are immediately dismantled so the new viral genomes can enter the nucleus and magnify the infection. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepadnaviridae
ZoonosisZoonosis
Unidentified infection of the pigs amplified the force of infection, eventually transmitting the virus to farmers and causing ... The most significant zoonotic pathogens causing foodborne diseases are Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, Caliciviridae, ... Close contact with cattle can lead to cutaneous anthrax infection, whereas inhalation anthrax infection is more common for ... Toxocariasis is infection of humans of any of species of roundworm, including species specific to the dog (Toxocara canis) or ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonotic
PolydnavirusPolydnavirus
Without the virus infection, phagocytic hemocytes (blood cells) will encapsulate and kill the wasp egg and larvae but the ... The infection does not lead to replication of new viruses, rather it affects the caterpillar's immune system. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polydnavirus
HerpesviralesHerpesvirales
Common infections in humans caused by members of this order include cold sores, genital herpes, chickenpox, shingles, and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpesvirales
GammaherpesvirinaeGammaherpesvirinae
The gammaherpesviruses, including HVS, EBV, KSHV, and RRV, are capable of establishing latent infection in lymphocytes.[9] ... Ackermann, M. (2006). "Pathogenesis of gammaherpesvirus infections". Veterinary Microbiology. 113 (3-4): 211-222. doi:10.1016/j ... Viruses that establish lifelong latent infections must ensure that the viral genome is maintained within the latently infected ... Attenuated virus mutants represent a promising approach towards gamma-herpesvirus infection control. Surprisingly, latency- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammaherpesvirinae
The incidence and genetic variability of small round-structured viruses in outbreaks of gastroenteritis in The NetherlandsThe incidence and genetic variability of small round-structured viruses in outbreaks of gastroenteritis in The Netherlands
Caliciviridae / genetics* * Caliciviridae Infections / epidemiology* * Caliciviridae Infections / virology * Disease Outbreaks ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9359742/?dopt=Abstract
Subjects: Gastroenteritis -- virology and Caliciviridae Infections -- prevention & control / Dates by Range: 2000 and later -...Subjects: Gastroenteritis -- virology and Caliciviridae Infections -- prevention & control / Dates by Range: 2000 and later -...
Caliciviridae Infections -- epidemiology. Caliciviridae Infections -- prevention & control. Disease Outbreaks -- prevention & ... Caliciviridae Infections -- prevention & control ✖Remove constraint Subjects: Caliciviridae Infections -- prevention & control ... 1. Combat norovirus infections in long-term care facilities Author(s):. Bradley, Sharon, author. Finley, Edward, author. ... Caliciviridae Infections -- epidemiology1. *Caliciviridae Infections -- prevention & control✖[remove]1. *Disease Outbreaks -- ...
https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/?f%5Bdrep2.subjectAggregate%5D%5B%5D=Gastroenteritis+--+virology&f%5Bdrep2.subjectAggregate%5D%5B%5D=Caliciviridae+Infections+--+prevention+%26+control&f%5Bexample_query_facet_field%5D%5B%5D=years_2000
Estimating the Hospital Burden of Norovirus-Associated Gastroenteritis in England and Its Opportunity Costs for Nonadmitted...Estimating the Hospital Burden of Norovirus-Associated Gastroenteritis in England and Its Opportunity Costs for Nonadmitted...
Caliciviridae Infections / economics* * Caliciviridae Infections / epidemiology * Cost of Illness * Cross Infection / economics ... 4 Gastrointestinal Infections Department, National Infection Service, PHE.. *5 National Institute for Health Research Health ... 8 Infection Control Office, University College Hospitals London, London, United Kingdom.. *9 Infection Control Department, ... beds kept unoccupied for infection control, and staff absences due to infection. In settings with high rates of bed occupancy, ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29529135/
Stability of feline caliciviruses in marine water maintained at different temperatures.Stability of feline caliciviruses in marine water maintained at different temperatures.
Caliciviridae Infections / prevention & control. Calicivirus, Feline / growth & development, pathogenicity, physiology*. Cats. ... 19134229 - Outbreaks of shigella sonnei infections in denmark and australia linked to consumption .... 1566149 - Trichinosis: ...
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Stability-feline-caliciviruses-in-marine/11209839.html
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Categories: Caliciviridae Infections Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Caliciviridae+Infections&parentid=22831&catid=31549
Browsing Articles and other publications by RIVM employees by SubjectsBrowsing Articles and other publications by RIVM employees by Subjects
Caliciviridae [1]. Caliciviridae Infections [2]. camels [1]. Camelus [1]. Campylobacter [2]. Cancer [1]. ...
https://rivm.openrepository.com/handle/10029/4898/browse?view=list&rpp=20&etal=-1&sort_by=-1&type=subject&starts_with=C&order=ASC
METHOHDS OF INHIBITING VIRAL INFECTION - FUNCTIONAL GENETICS, INC.METHOHDS OF INHIBITING VIRAL INFECTION - FUNCTIONAL GENETICS, INC.
A method of inhibiting viral infection in a mammal in need of same, includes administering an effective amount of at least one ... Caliciviridae. Norwalk virus, Hepatitis E virus. Naked. Icosahedral. ss. 4.. Togaviridae. Rubella virus. Enveloped. Icosahedral ... for administration to a human or animal experiencing a viral infection or at risk of a viral infection. Such pharmaceutical ... The infection pathway and timing of RSV is well known, and is set forth in the lower right corner. As can be seen, at any time ...
https://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2009/0170890.html
Phylogenetic analyses of GII.3 and GII.P16 norovirus re | Open-iPhylogenetic analyses of GII.3 and GII.P16 norovirus re | Open-i
Caliciviridae Infections/epidemiology*/history/virology*. *Genetic Variation*. *Genotype*. *Norovirus/classification*/genetics* ...
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC4043750_pone.0098875.g001&req=4
Patent US20030171335 - Antisense antiviral agent and method for treating ssRNA viral infection - Google PatentsPatent US20030171335 - Antisense antiviral agent and method for treating ssRNA viral infection - Google Patents
... as in treatment of a viral infection. The antisense antiviral compounds are substantially uncharged oligomers having a ... Antisense Inhibition of Caliciviridae Vesivirus Isolates PCV Pan-1 and SMSV-13 in Porcine Kidney (PK-15) and African Green ... Infection appears to be much like hepatitis A viral infection. The disease is an acute viral hepatitis which is apparent about ... There are no specific treatment regimes for many viral infections. The infection may be serotype specific and natural immunity ...
http://www.google.com/patents/US20030171335?dq=7222078
Caliciviridae - WikipediaCaliciviridae - Wikipedia
Most calicivirus infections do not call for medical attention, but those who are immunocompromised may need to be hospitalized ... Caliciviridae Viralzone: Caliciviridae 3D macromolecular structures of Caliciviridae from the EM Data Bank(EMDB) ICTV. ... Caliciviridae is a family of viruses, members of Class IV of the Baltimore scheme. They are positive-sense, single stranded RNA ... Calicivirus infections commonly cause acute gastroenteritis, which is the inflammation of the stomach and intestines (e.g. the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliciviridae
Immunocytochemistry of RHDV antigen in the liver. A: Li | Open-iImmunocytochemistry of RHDV antigen in the liver. A: Li | Open-i
Caliciviridae Infections/immunology/veterinary*/virology. *Disease Resistance*. *Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Rabbit/physiology* ... Bottom Line: Remarkably, young rabbits are resistant to RHD.All of these young rabbits died within 3 days of infection due to ... Bottom Line: Remarkably, young rabbits are resistant to RHD.All of these young rabbits died within 3 days of infection due to ... Mentions: All immunosuppressed, RHDV-infected young rabbits died within 24-72 h of RHDV infection (24-30 h n = 2; 36-48 h n = 6 ...
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC3926702_1297-9716-45-14-1&req=4
Scientific Review | Isolation Precautions | Guidelines Library | Infection Control | CDCScientific Review | Isolation Precautions | Guidelines Library | Infection Control | CDC
Noroviruses, formerly referred to as Norwalk-like viruses, are members of the Caliciviridae family. These agents are ... Burn wound infections and colonization, as well as bloodstream infections, caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa 361, A. ... Infections of home care providers, that could pose a risk to home care patients include infections transmitted by the airborne ... alert icon Interim Measles Infection Control [July 2019]. See Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for ...
https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/scientific-review.html
Background | Norovirus | Guidelines Library | Infection Control | CDCBackground | Norovirus | Guidelines Library | Infection Control | CDC
These single-stranded RNA viruses belong to the family Caliciviridae, which also includes the genera Sapovirus, Lagovirus, and ... Infection appears to involve the lamina propria of the proximal portion of the small intestine,15 yet the cascade of changes to ... Norovirus infections are seen in all age groups, although severe outcomes and longer durations of illness are most likely to be ... The Pathogenesis of Human Norovirus Infection. The P2 subdomain of the viral capsid is the likely binding site of norovirus, ...
https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/norovirus/background.html
Caliciviridae - WikipediaCaliciviridae - Wikipedia
Calicivirus infections commonly cause acute gastroenteritis, which is the inflammation of the stomach and intestines (e.g. the ... The Caliciviridae are a family of viruses, members of Class IV of the Baltimore scheme. They are positive-sense, single- ... Most calicivirus infections do not call for medical attention, but those who are immunocompromised may need to be hospitalized ... Caliciviridae description page from the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses site ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliciviridae
School of Veterinary Medicine - Research Output - UC DavisSchool of Veterinary Medicine - Research Output - UC Davis
Hepatitis E infection in children : Study of an outbreak. | Base documentaire | BDSPHepatitis E infection in children : Study of an outbreak. | Base documentaire | BDSP
Methods : A group of 20 school children 13 years old were possibly exposed to hepatitis E virus infection during a 2 day ... Mots-cl s Pascal : H patite virale E, Virose, Infection, Virus h patite E, Calicivirus, Caliciviridae, Virus, Incidence, Enfant ... Mots-cl s Pascal anglais : Viral hepatitis E, Viral disease, Infection, Hepatitis E virus, Calicivirus, Caliciviridae, Virus, ... Mots-cl s BDSP : Virose, Infection, Virus, Incidence, Enfant, Homme, Epid mie, D pistage, Epid miologie, Appareil digestif [ ...
http://www.bdsp.ehesp.fr/Base/190633/
Jakab Ferenc - ODT Személyi adatlapJakab Ferenc - ODT Személyi adatlap
Sequencing and molecular modeling identifies candidate members of Caliciviridae family in bats, INFECTION GENETICS AND ... Identification of hantavirus infection by Western blot assay and TaqMan PCR in patients hospitalized with acute kidney injury, ... INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 48: pp. 19-26.. dokumentum típusa: Folyóiratcikk/Szakcikk. független idéző közlemények száma: ... INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 33: pp. 288-292.. dokumentum típusa: Folyóiratcikk/Szakcikk. független idéző közlemények száma ...
https://doktori.hu/index.php?menuid=192&lang=HU&sz_ID=2882
List of infectious diseases - WikipediaList of infectious diseases - Wikipedia
Calicivirus infection (Norovirus and Sapovirus) Caliciviridae family Campylobacteriosis Campylobacter species Candidiasis ( ... Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection One of the Human papillomaviruses Human parainfluenza virus infection Human parainfluenza ... Infections associated with diseases. References[edit]. *^ Walsh TJ, Dixon DM (1996). Baron S, et al., eds. Spectrum of Mycoses ... Acinetobacter infections Acinetobacter baumannii Actinomycosis Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_infectious_diseases
Norovirus Infections in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Food Handlers in Japan | Journal of Clinical MicrobiologyNorovirus Infections in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Food Handlers in Japan | Journal of Clinical Microbiology
The positive-sense polyadenylated single-stranded RNA virus family Caliciviridae contains four genera: Norovirus, Sapovirus, ... On the other hand, the number of norovirus infections still remains high, and norovirus infection remains a major health ... Norovirus Infections in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Food Handlers in Japan. Kazuhiro Ozawa, Tomoichiro Oka, Naokazu Takeda, ... Norovirus Infections in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Food Handlers in Japan. Kazuhiro Ozawa, Tomoichiro Oka, Naokazu Takeda, ...
https://jcm.asm.org/content/45/12/3996
Primary High-Dose Murine Norovirus 1 Infection Fails To Protect from Secondary Challenge with Homologous Virus | Journal of...Primary High-Dose Murine Norovirus 1 Infection Fails To Protect from Secondary Challenge with Homologous Virus | Journal of...
Caliciviridae: the noroviruses, p. 949-980. In D. M. Knipe and P. M. Howley (ed.), Fields virology, 5th ed., vol. 1. Lippincott ... C) 129SvEv mice were inoculated perorally with a mock inoculum (1° infection) or 104 PFU MNV-1 (2° infection). Six weeks later ... primary MNV-1 infection fails to elicit protective immunity, at least under specific infection conditions. One possible ... 250 PFU for MLN infection, and 400 PFU for splenic infection. We also assessed the minimum MNV-1 dose required for ...
https://jvi.asm.org/content/83/13/6963.full?view=long&pmid=19403675
Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division - Research Output - Northwestern ScholarsMedicine, Infectious Diseases Division - Research Output - Northwestern Scholars
Severe infections with human adenovirus 7d in 2 adults in family, Illinois, USA, 2014. Kajon, A. E. & Ison, M. G., Apr 2016, In ... Norovirus infection in solid organ transplant recipients: a single-center retrospective study. Lee, L. Y., Ladner, D. P. & Ison ... Prolonged norovirus infection after pancreas transplantation: A case report and review of chronic norovirus. Echenique, I. A., ... A matter of perspective: Comparison of the characteristics of persons with HIV infection in the United States from the HIV ...
https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/organisations/medicine-infectious-diseases-division/publications/?type=%2Fdk%2Fatira%2Fpure%2Fresearchoutput%2Fresearchoutputtypes%2Fcontributiontojournal%2Farticle&page=7
HuGE Navigator|Genopedia|PHGKBHuGE Navigator|Genopedia|PHGKB
Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte activation promotes innate antiviral resistance<...Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte activation promotes innate antiviral resistance<...
keywords = "Animals, Caliciviridae Infections, Cytokines, Epithelial Cells, Female, Gastroenteritis, Immunity, Innate, ... Consistent with this, activated IEL mediators protected cells against virus infection in vitro, and pre-activation of IEL in ... Consistent with this, activated IEL mediators protected cells against virus infection in vitro, and pre-activation of IEL in ... Consistent with this, activated IEL mediators protected cells against virus infection in vitro, and pre-activation of IEL in ...
https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/intestinal-intraepithelial-lymphocyte-activation-promotes-innate-
Bovine Nebovirus Interacts with a Wide Spectrum of Histo-Blood Group Antigens | Journal of VirologyBovine Nebovirus Interacts with a Wide Spectrum of Histo-Blood Group Antigens | Journal of Virology
Caliciviridae: the noroviruses, p 582-608. In Knipe DM, Howley PM, Griffin DE, Lamb RA, Martin MA, Roizman B, Straus SE (ed), ... This means that BNeV does not use SLea and SLex for entry and infection in cattle. Both SLea and SLex are expressed at high ... Caliciviridae, p 977-986. In King AMQ, Adams MJ, Carstens EB, Lefkowitz EJ (ed), Virus taxonomy. Classification and ... Zoonotic aspects of infections with noroviruses and sapoviruses. Vet Microbiol 140:204-212. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.08.021. ...
https://jvi.asm.org/content/92/9/e02160-17?ijkey=91d2c0cad0d8d15ee6bc8f7125134a87440fd7be&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Susceptibility of Children to Sapovirus Infections, Nicaragua, 2005-2006 - Volume 18, Number 11-November 2012 - Emerging...Susceptibility of Children to Sapovirus Infections, Nicaragua, 2005-2006 - Volume 18, Number 11-November 2012 - Emerging...
... nor secretor status affects susceptibility to SaV infection in Nicaragua. ... in children in Nicaragua and investigate the role of host genetic factors and susceptibility to SaV infections. Our results ... Human sapovirus (SaV), family Caliciviridae, is a causative agent of gastroenteritis in children and adults. Symptoms of SaV ... Results of a previous seroepidemiologic study of SaV infections suggested that SaV infections are frequent in children during ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/18/11/11-1581_article
Outbreak of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 Infections, Ghana - Volume 27, Number 7-July 2021 - Emerging Infectious Diseases...Outbreak of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 Infections, Ghana - Volume 27, Number 7-July 2021 - Emerging Infectious Diseases...
The causative agent, RHD virus (RHDV; family Caliciviridae, genus Lagovirus) has a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome ≈ ... So far, no RHD cases have been reported in native rabbits in Ghana, but the lack of infections could be simply because native ... Outbreak of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 Infections, Ghana. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2021;27(7):1999-2002. doi: ... Outbreak of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 Infections, Ghana On This Page ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27/7/21-0005
Epidemiological status of felid herpesvirus type-1 and feline calicivirus infections in Brazil/Situacao epidemiologica das...Epidemiological status of felid herpesvirus type-1 and feline calicivirus infections in Brazil/Situacao epidemiologica das...
Epidemiological status of felid herpesvirus type-1 and feline calicivirus infections in Brazil/Situacao epidemiologica das ... and it belongs to the Vesivirus genus of the Caliciviridae family (RADFORD et al., 2007). The genome has approximately 7.7 Kb ... FeHV-1 infection occurs through nasal, conjunctival and oral routes. The infection is characterized by lytic replication in the ... FeHV-1 persists in the population mainly by contact between cats with acute infection and susceptible cats. Latent infection, ...
https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Epidemiological+status+of+felid+herpesvirus+type-1+and+feline+...-a0442116176
Intoxications and Infections of the Small IntestineIntoxications and Infections of the Small Intestine
The Caliciviridae family contains several naked RNA-containing viruses that cause gastroenteritis The viruses in the ... If the infection is in the small intestine, symptoms include watery diarrhea and vomiting. Infections in the large intestine ... Water contaminated with feces is an important source of infection. Water-borne infections are common in developing countries ... Antibiotics (azithromycin) will shorten the course of the infection. Proper cooking of shellfish will prevent these infections ...
https://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/website/lectures/IntoxicationsandInfectionsoftheSmallIntestine.htm
Sessin2 Flashcards by Alaa Husain | BrainscapeSessin2 Flashcards by Alaa Husain | Brainscape
members of Caliciviridae. -Common in hospital! -One particle can cause infection in 50 % of ppl!!! rapid onset of vomitting & ... The initial problem can be quite mild and start anywhere - from a cut on the finger to a chest or urine infection, for example. ... Common in hospital! One particle can cause infection in 50 % of ppl!!! rapid onset of vomitting & diharrea, lasts only for a ... respiratory tract infections. -gastroenteritis. -conjunctivitis👀. Adenoviruses all replicate well in epithelial cells. The ...
https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/sessin2-5723320/packs/8689025
GastroenteritisVirologySapovirusEpidemiologyGeneraGenusCalicivirus infectionsFamilyDisease OutbreaksOutbreaksDiseasesViral infectionNorovirusesRespiratory Tract InfePrevalenceGenotypeMeSHRHDVHumansHuman Norovirus InfectionProteins10.1128ImmunitySsRNACalicivirusesGenomeFeline calicivirus and feline herpesvirusMurineDiarrheaGENETICS AND EVOLUTIONPreventionMolecularPrimary MNV-1 infectionBacterialStrainsDengue VirusPersistentIncidenceOrgan TransplantationSusceptibilityIllnessGastrointestinal InfectionsAbstractInfectiousImmunocompetent miceVaccination
Gastroenteritis14
  • Calicivirus infections commonly cause acute gastroenteritis, which is the inflammation of the stomach and intestines (e.g. the Norwalk Virus). (wikipedia.org)
  • Human noroviruses in the Caliciviridae family are the major cause of nonbacterial epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide. (asm.org)
  • Human sapovirus (SaV), family Caliciviridae , is a causative agent of gastroenteritis in children and adults. (cdc.gov)
  • acute respiratory infections in felines, rabbit hemorrhagic disease, and some cases of gastroenteritis in humans. (bvsalud.org)
  • Norovirus infection is associated with approximately 90% of epidemic non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis worldwide. (nih.gov)
  • Objetivo: Investigar y caracterizar el brote de gastroenteritis aguda ocurrido en la Región de Antofagasta, durante los meses de marzo y abril de 2010. (bvsalud.org)
  • To the Editor: Human sapoviruses belong to a group of viruses within the family Caliciviridae , which also includes noroviruses, that cause acute gastroenteritis (1). (thefreedictionary.com)
  • We applied this approach to norovirus in Caliciviridae , which causes 90% of gastroenteritis cases worldwide. (genominfo.org)
  • Human noroviruses in the Caliciviridae family are the major cause of non-bacterial epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide. (grantome.com)
  • Sapovirus (SaV), a member of the genus Sapovirus in the family Caliciviridae , is an etiologic agent of human gastroenteritis. (cdc.gov)
  • SaV-associated infections can cause both mild and acute gastroenteritis. (cdc.gov)
  • Norovirus (NV), belonging to family Caliciviridae, is a major cause of acute viral gastroenteritis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Noroviruses are a group of related, single-stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses that cause infection resulting in acute gastroenteritis in humans. (jrank.org)
  • Gastroenteritis caused by infection with a norovirus is rarely a serious illness. (jrank.org)
Virology1
  • Green, "Reverse genetics system for porcine enteric calicivirus, a prototype sapovirus in the Caliciviridae ," Journal of Virology, vol. (thefreedictionary.com)
Sapovirus6
  • These single-stranded RNA viruses belong to the family Caliciviridae , which also includes the genera Sapovirus, Lagovirus, and Vesivirus. (cdc.gov)
  • We describe the genetic diversity of sapovirus (SaV) in children in Nicaragua and investigate the role of host genetic factors and susceptibility to SaV infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Sapovirus is a genetically diverse genus of single-stranded positive-sense RNA, non-enveloped viruses within the family Caliciviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sapovirus cannot be treated with antibiotics because it is not a bacterial infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • The purpose of this study was to describe sapovirus-associated infections in Australia. (cdc.gov)
  • The virus family Caliciviridae contains four genera Norovirus , Sapovirus , Lagovirus and Vesivirus . (caister.com)
Epidemiology2
  • Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. (northwestern.edu)
  • The burden, clinical features, and molecular epidemiology of norovirus infection in young children in southern Africa are not well defined. (biomedcentral.com)
Genera3
  • It does not include in the other genera in Caliciviridae . (genominfo.org)
  • The final goal is to choose conserved domains that can be utilized to identify genera in Caliciviridae . (genominfo.org)
  • Since then naturally occurring recombinants have been detected for all four genera of the Caliciviridae and has become an important mechanism in the emergence of new calicivirus variants. (caister.com)
Genus7
  • doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059817 Farkas T, Sestak K, Wei C, Jiang X (2008) Characterization of a rhesus monkey calicivirus representing a new genus of Caliciviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • family Caliciviridae , genus Lagovirus ) has a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome ≈7.4 kb in length. (cdc.gov)
  • Caliciviridae bear resemblance to enlarged picornavirus and was formerly a separate genus within the picornaviridae.They are positive-sense, single-stranded RNA which is not segmented. (wikipedia.org)
  • The genus Norovirus is classified into at least 7 genogroups (genogroup I [GI] to GVII), and viruses in GI, GII, and GIV are known to cause infections in humans ( 2 ). (asm.org)
  • genus Lagovirus, family Caliciviridae ) (4), a virus with a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome of 7.4 kb. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Finally, the conserved domains of each genus in Caliciviridae are classified by RPS-BLAST with CDD. (genominfo.org)
  • Noroviruses belong to the Norovirus genus in the Caliciviridae family. (kowsarpub.com)
Calicivirus infections2
  • Most calicivirus infections do not call for medical attention, but those who are immunocompromised may need to be hospitalized for rehydration therapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Epidemiological status of felid herpesvirus type-1 and feline calicivirus infections in Brazil/Situacao epidemiologica das infeccoes pelo herpesvirus felino tipo 1 e calicivirus no Brasil. (thefreelibrary.com)
Family15
  • Caliciviridae is a family of viruses, members of Class IV of the Baltimore scheme. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sequencing and molecular modeling identifies candidate members of Caliciviridae family in bats , INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 41: pp. 227-232. (doktori.hu)
  • Some viruses within the Caliciviridae family initiate their replication cycle by attachment to cell surface carbohydrate moieties, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), and/or terminal sialic acids (SAs). (asm.org)
  • The Caliciviridae are a family of "small round structured" viruses, members of Class IV of the Baltimore scheme. (wikipedia.org)
  • Noroviruses are a group of forty genetically heterogeneous viruses that belong to the Caliciviridae family. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Noroviruses are positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the family Caliciviridae ( 1 ). (asm.org)
  • Norwalk-like viruses or NLV) are members of the family Caliciviridae and are well-recognized etiologic agents of nonbacterial AGE (5). (thefreedictionary.com)
  • NoVs belong to the family Caliciviridae and can be grouped into at least 5 genogroups (GI-GV), which are further divided into at least 35 genotypes (2,10). (thefreedictionary.com)
  • it belongs to the Caliciviridae family of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA, nonenveloped viruses (3). (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Noroviruses are a diverse group of positive-stranded RNA viruses in the family Caliciviridae, and constitute a significant and potentially fatal threat to human health. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Noroviruses are non-enveloped single stranded RNA viruses of the Caliciviridae family. (frontiersin.org)
  • It was initially classified as belonging to the Caliciviridae family but has since been classified as a member of the Hepeviridae family. (news-medical.net)
  • Noroviruses are a genetically diverse group of single-stranded RNA viruses of the Caliciviridae family. (scienceagogo.com)
  • Caliciviruses are a group of nonenveloped RNA viruses containing a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome in the family Caliciviridae . (nature.com)
  • It is a member of the Caliciviridae family. (cat-world.com)
Disease Outbreaks1
  • Norovirus places a substantial burden on healthcare systems, arising from infected patients, disease outbreaks, beds kept unoccupied for infection control, and staff absences due to infection. (nih.gov)
Outbreaks2
  • Viral infection is primarily related to foodborne illness, but person-to-person contact and waterborne outbreaks are also important vehicles for transmission [ 4 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • During norovirus outbreaks there are high rates of infection among people of all ages. (jrank.org)
Diseases2
  • Not all of these diseases occur after an infection, but they can occur after ingestion of preformed toxin. (atsu.edu)
  • Virus diseases caused by CALICIVIRIDAE. (bvsalud.org)
Viral infection8
  • A method of inhibiting viral infection in a mammal in need of same, includes administering an effective amount of at least one of the compounds of FGI-103 which are represented by 273, 365 and 510 either prophylactically to prevent viral infection, or therapeutically following viral infection. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • The invention provides antisense antiviral compounds and methods of their use in inhibition of growth of viruses of the picornavirus, calicivirus, togavirus and flavivirus families, as in treatment of a viral infection. (google.com)
  • Programmed cell death (PCD) or apoptosis is one of the common pathways activated upon viral infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Regulation of tissue-dependent differences in CD8+ T cell apoptosis during viral infection. (umassmed.edu)
  • Hepatitis E is a viral infection of the liver that causes inflammation of the organ. (news-medical.net)
  • Calicivirus is a common viral infection which causes flu-like symptoms in cats. (cat-world.com)
  • Calicivirus (FCV) is a common viral infection found in cats that is characterised by the presence of flu-like symptoms such as upper respiratory infection. (cat-world.com)
  • Murine norovirus (MNV) is a common viral infection of mice in many research facilities. (kitpcr.com)
Noroviruses6
  • Noroviruses are classified into five genogroups, with most human infections resulting from genogroups GI and GII. (cdc.gov)
  • Little is known regarding the pathogenesis of human noroviruses or the immune responses that control them because there has previously been no small-animal model or cell culture system of infection. (asm.org)
  • Noroviruses were detected in approximately 10% of young children with diarrhea in the Lusaka Province of Zambia, with GII representing the majority of infections. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Altogether, these findings are the first to demonstrate the presence of RNA remodeling activities encoded by Caliciviridae, and highlight the functional significance of NS3 in noroviral life cycle.IMPORTANCE Noroviruses are a diverse group of positive-stranded RNA viruses, which annually cause hundreds of millions of human infections and over 200,000 deaths worldwide. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • However, most norovirus infections over the past decade have been caused by genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4) noroviruses. (frontiersin.org)
  • The recent discovery that human noroviruses (huNoVs) recognize sialic acids (SAs) in addition to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) pointed to a new direction in studying virus-host interactions during calicivirus infection. (nature.com)
Respiratory Tract Infe1
  • Rapid identification of nine microorganisms causing acute respiratory tract infections by single-tube multiplex reverse transcription-PCR: feasibility study. (naver.com)
Prevalence5
  • however, the incidence rates, detection rates, and overall prevalence rates of infections may differ by country and setting and are likely to be affected by diagnostic techniques. (asm.org)
  • thus, SaV infection prevalence is higher in nonhospitalized children than in hospitalized children. (cdc.gov)
  • A study of feline upper respiratory tract disease with reference to prevalence and risk factors for infection with feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus," Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery , vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 123-133, 2000. (hindawi.com)
  • Comparison of prevalence of feline herpesvirus type 1, calicivirus and parvovirus infections in domestic and leopard cats in Vietnam," Journal of Veterinary Medical Science , vol. 61, no. 12, pp. 1313-1315, 1999. (hindawi.com)
  • High Prevalence and Increased Severity of Norovirus Mixed Infections Among Children 12-24 Months of Age Living in the Suburban Areas of Lima, Peru. (bvsalud.org)
Genotype2
  • 6 Over 80% of confirmed human norovirus infections are associated with genotype GII.4. (cdc.gov)
  • We assessed B-cell responses following intramuscular administration of a bivalent (genogroup I, genotype 1 [GI.1]/genogroup II, genotype 4 [GII.4]) VLP vaccine using protocols identical to those used to evaluate cellular immunity following experimental GI.1 HuNoV infection. (asm.org)
MeSH1
  • Arenaviridae Infections" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
RHDV3
  • All of these young rabbits died within 3 days of infection due to fulminant hepatitis, presenting a large number of RHDV-positive dead or apoptotic hepatocytes, and a significant seric increase in cytokines, features that are similar to those of naïve adult rabbits infected by RHDV. (nih.gov)
  • We conclude that MPA-induced immunosuppression abrogates the resistance of young rabbits to RHD, indicating that there are differences in the innate immune system between young and adult rabbits that contribute to their distinct resistance/susceptibility to RHDV infection. (nih.gov)
  • Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a calicivirus that causes acute infections in both domestic and wild European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). (edu.au)
Humans4
  • Viruses mutate faster than other microorganisms, and such mutations often lead to malignant infections in humans, animals, and plants. (genominfo.org)
  • Demonstrated the intestinal immune system is the primary target of SIV infection which was later validated in humans. (tulane.edu)
  • Defined the early time course and key target cells of SIV infection, which was also validated in HIV-infected humans. (tulane.edu)
  • Because of genetic (inherited) differences among humans, some people appear to be more susceptible to norovirus infection and may suffer more severe illness. (jrank.org)
Human Norovirus Infection2
  • Primary human norovirus infection does not elicit lasting protective immunity, a fact that could greatly affect the efficacy of vaccination strategies. (asm.org)
  • Thus, MNV-1 represents a valuable model with which to dissect the pathophysiological basis for the lack of lasting protection against human norovirus infection. (asm.org)
Proteins2
  • We use whole cell and envelope-only proteome analysis to identify which proteins are differentially regulated in novel antibiotic resistant mutants - selected in the lab or from infections that have failed therapy - in order to understand how the novel resistance mechanism works. (bris.ac.uk)
  • Our future aim is to exploit this sensitivity to identify which resistance proteins are being produced by bacteria in samples from infected patients - predicting what antibiotic the patient's infection might best respond to without needing to wait for lengthy culture and sensitivity tests. (bris.ac.uk)
10.11281
  • doi: 10.1128/JVI.00070-08 Caliciviridae description page from the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses site. (wikipedia.org)
Immunity7
  • 10 Immunity after infection is strain-specific and appears to be limited in duration to a period of several weeks, despite the fact that seroprevalence of antibody to this virus reaches 80-90% as populations transition from childhood to adulthood. (cdc.gov)
  • Numerous human volunteer challenge studies have demonstrated that long-term immunity is not induced following primary NV infection of some volunteers ( 13 , 20 , 26 ). (asm.org)
  • Factors that contribute to their high burden of infection are low infectious dose, stability in the environment, the diversity of strains, and the lack of long-term immunity to infection or illness. (elsevier.com)
  • The kinetics and magnitude of cellular immunity to G1.1 infection were compared to those after VLP vaccination. (asm.org)
  • Our specific hypothesis is that persistent norovirus infection of immune- inductive sites, and specifically of antigen presenting cells within these sites, impairs the development of protective immunity. (grantome.com)
  • Our long term goal is to elucidate the mechanisms by which norovirus infection avoids the induction of protective immunity, ultimately translating this knowledge into successful vaccination strategies. (grantome.com)
  • Our specific hypothesis is that persistent norovirus infection of immune cells inhibits the development of protective immunity. (grantome.com)
SsRNA1
  • NVs are belonging to Caliciviridae, with a 7.5-kb-long ssRNA genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Caliciviruses1
  • The public health impact of infections by human caliciviruses (HuCVs) is increasingly being recognized. (elsevier.com)
Genome3
  • Thereby, we assigned the meaningful annotation and selected specific protein sequences from domain tables generated by executing RPS-BLAST with the query of complete genome for each virus in Caliciviridae . (genominfo.org)
  • Productive picornavirus infection requires the hijack of host cell pathways to aid with the different stages of virus entry, synthesis of the viral polyprotein and viral genome replication. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • We hypothesize that the portal-like assembly functions as a channel for the delivery of the calicivirus genome, through the endosomal membrane, into the cytoplasm of a host cell, thereby initiating infection. (rcsb.org)
Feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus1
  • Dual infection with both feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus are relatively common. (cat-world.com)
Murine5
  • Using the only available small-animal model of norovirus infection, we found that primary high-dose murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1) infection fails to afford protection against a rechallenge with a homologous virus. (asm.org)
  • Murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1) infection of immunocompetent mice causes measurable enteric disease. (asm.org)
  • Murine norovirus (MNV) serves as a model system for the study of norovirus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Data from our laboratory has defined the first small animal model of norovirus infection: We discovered the first murine norovirus (MNV), MNV-1, and demonstrated its cultivation in macrophages and dendritic cells in vitro. (grantome.com)
  • No vaccine or specific antiviral treatment is available for treating Norovirus infection although the observation that the anti-viral nucleoside analogue 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine inhibits murine norovirus replication in macrophages has elicited hopes that this compound can be developed into medication for the treatment of infection with this virus. (wikipedia.org)
Diarrhea8
  • The course of the disease is rapid, with symptoms including vomiting, diarrhea, and nausea arising approximately 24 h following infection and typically resolving 24 to 48 h later. (asm.org)
  • We have now scored increased numbers of mock-infected and MNV-1-infected mice for stool consistency and report that MNV-1 infection does indeed induce statistically significant mild diarrhea, as defined by a visible increase in fecal inconsistency, in immunocompetent 129SvEv mice in a dose-dependent manner (Table 1 and Fig. 1A ). (asm.org)
  • In the 1940s-50s in the United States and Japan, caliciviridae could not be grown in culture, but as an experiment bacterial free filtrate of diarrhea was given to volunteers to check if viruses were present in volunteers' stool. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the infection is in the small intestine, symptoms include watery diarrhea and vomiting. (atsu.edu)
  • Infections in the large intestine can cause diarrhea and can result in an invasive and inflammatory disease called dysentery (small fecal volume with mucus and blood) (Table SI-1). (atsu.edu)
  • Disease was characterized by diarrhea during the first 5 days (87% of patients with NLV infection and 95% of patients with SLV infection) and vomiting on the first day (74% for NLV and 60% for SLV). (eur.nl)
  • 5 years in Lusaka Province, Zambia presenting with diarrhea, we assessed the burden of norovirus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Infection is characterized by non-bloody diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. (wikipedia.org)
GENETICS AND EVOLUTION2
  • Candidate new rotavirus species in Schreiber's bats, Serbia , INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 48: pp. 19-26. (doktori.hu)
  • Genetic diversity and recombination within bufaviruses: detection of a novel strain in Hungarian bats , INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 33: pp. 288-292. (doktori.hu)
Prevention1
  • The Guideline for Isolation Precautions: Preventing Transmission of Infectious Agents in Healthcare Settings 2007 builds upon a series of isolation and infection prevention documents promulgated since 1970. (cdc.gov)
Molecular1
  • The recent development of sensitive molecular techniques for diagnosis, quantification, and characterization of these agents has led to the recognition of the importance of NLV infection. (elsevier.com)
Primary MNV-1 infection4
  • Interestingly, the magnitude of protection afforded by a primary MNV-1 infection inversely correlates with the inoculum dose. (asm.org)
  • Importantly, we have also determined that primary MNV-1 infection fails to afford protection to re-challenge with homologous virus. (grantome.com)
  • We have now determined that the magnitude of memory immune responses elicited by primary MNV-1 infection inversely correlates with inoculum dose. (grantome.com)
  • ii) characterize the effect of inoculum dose on mucosal memory immune responses to primary MNV-1 infection;and (iii) determine whether dendritic cells and macrophages in immune-inductive sites are persistently infected with MNV-1. (grantome.com)
Bacterial2
  • The combination of norovirus with the most common bacterial pathogens was associated with increased clinical severity over that of either single-pathogen norovirus or single-pathogen bacterial infections . (bvsalud.org)
  • Secondary bacterial infections can complicate feline calicivirus. (cat-world.com)
Strains1
  • Several calicivirus strains can affect cats, and symptoms differ depending on the virulence of the particular virus causing infection. (cat-world.com)
Dengue Virus1
  • We developed a multiplexed assay on a plasmonic-gold platform for measuring IgG and IgA antibodies and IgG avidity against both Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) infections. (stanford.edu)
Persistent3
  • Therapeutic depletion of natural killer cells controls persistent infection. (umassmed.edu)
  • Discovered an immune evasion mechanism that Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete that causes the disease, may use to cause persistent infections. (tulane.edu)
  • In severe cases, persistent infections can lead to norovirus‐associated enteropathy, intestinal villous atrophy, and malabsorption. (wikipedia.org)
Incidence1
  • Because this virus is transmitted by contaminated food or water, we recom-mend adult education and improved personal hygiene to reduce the incidence of Noro-virus infection in children. (kowsarpub.com)
Organ Transplantation1
  • Norovirus can establish a long term infection in people who are immunocompromised, such as those with common variable immunodeficiency or with a suppressed immune system after organ transplantation. (wikipedia.org)
Susceptibility4
  • The data obtained indicate a high susceptibility of children for HEV infection and a frequently prolonged viraemia in those infected. (ehesp.fr)
  • Our results indicate that neither ABO blood group, Lewis phenotype, nor secretor status affects susceptibility to SaV infection in Nicaragua. (cdc.gov)
  • Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection. (nih.gov)
  • The FUT2 susceptibility allele was fully penetrant against Norwalk virus infection as none of these individuals developed an infection after challenge, regardless of dose. (nih.gov)
Illness1
  • Norovirus infections are seen in all age groups, although severe outcomes and longer durations of illness are most likely to be reported among the elderly. (cdc.gov)
Gastrointestinal Infections3
  • 4 Gastrointestinal Infections Department, National Infection Service, PHE. (nih.gov)
  • 5 National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, PHE. (nih.gov)
  • The majority of cruise ship infections involve respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. (asmscience.org)
Abstract1
  • abstract = "The lesions of acute feline calicivirus infection are of a transient vesiculo-ulcerative nature and involve, to varying degrees, the palate, tongue, gingiva, lips, nasal philtrum, and oral fauces. (elsevier.com)
Infectious3
  • The information also will be useful for other healthcare personnel, healthcare administrators, and anyone needing information about infection control measures to prevent transmission of infectious agents. (cdc.gov)
  • Identification of hantavirus infection by Western blot assay and TaqMan PCR in patients hospitalized with acute kidney injury , DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE 79: (2) pp. 166-170. (doktori.hu)
  • Norovirus infections are notoriously difficult to prevent and control, owing to their low infectious dose, high shedding titre, and environmental stability. (cdc.gov)
Immunocompetent mice1
  • MNV infects hematopoietic cells and alters their cellular morphology and causes subclinical chronic infections in adult immunocompetent mice. (kitpcr.com)
Vaccination4
  • The overall trends in B-cell responses to vaccination were similar to the trends in the responses to infection, where there was a greater bias of an ASC response toward IgA and a memory B-cell response to IgG. (asm.org)
  • Sequences from 66 FCV samples were used to investigate the correlation between viral phylogeny and several traits, including geographic origin, signalment, husbandry, FCV vaccination and co-infections. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, the burden of norovirus-associated diarrheal infections in the pre- and post-rotavirus vaccination era has not been fully characterized in other regions, including southern Africa. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Established various model of TB in rhesus monkeys to study active TB, chemotherapy and response to vaccination, as well as to study TB latency, reactivation by various factors including SIV co-infection, and the impact of ART and LTBI chemotherapy. (tulane.edu)