Calcium phosphates. Medical search

Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements.

Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.

Signal transduction mechanisms whereby calcium mobilization (from outside the cell or from intracellular storage pools) to the cytoplasm is triggered by external stimuli. Calcium signals are often seen to propagate as waves, oscillations, spikes, sparks, or puffs. The calcium acts as an intracellular messenger by activating calcium-responsive proteins.

The mineral component of bones and teeth; it has been used therapeutically as a prosthetic aid and in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Synthetic or natural materials for the replacement of bones or bone tissue. They include hard tissue replacement polymers, natural coral, hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, and various other biomaterials. The bone substitutes as inert materials can be incorporated into surrounding tissue or gradually replaced by original tissue.

A group of phosphate minerals that includes ten mineral species and has the general formula X5(YO4)3Z, where X is usually calcium or lead, Y is phosphorus or arsenic, and Z is chlorine, fluorine, or OH-. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Adhesives used to fix prosthetic devices to bones and to cement bone to bone in difficult fractures. Synthetic resins are commonly used as cements. A mixture of monocalcium phosphate, monohydrate, alpha-tricalcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate with a sodium phosphate solution is also a useful bone paste.

Nanometer-scale composite structures composed of organic molecules intimately incorporated with inorganic molecules. (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechology Terms, 4th ed)

Calcium compounds used as food supplements or in food to supply the body with calcium. Dietary calcium is needed during growth for bone development and for maintenance of skeletal integrity later in life to prevent osteoporosis.

Voltage-dependent cell membrane glycoproteins selectively permeable to calcium ions. They are categorized as L-, T-, N-, P-, Q-, and R-types based on the activation and inactivation kinetics, ion specificity, and sensitivity to drugs and toxins. The L- and T-types are present throughout the cardiovascular and central nervous systems and the N-, P-, Q-, & R-types are located in neuronal tissue.

Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.

The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.

The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.

Products made by baking or firing nonmetallic minerals (clay and similar materials). In making dental restorations or parts of restorations the material is fused porcelain. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)

An inorganic pyrophosphate which affects calcium metabolism in mammals. Abnormalities in its metabolism occur in some human diseases, notably HYPOPHOSPHATASIA and pseudogout (CHONDROCALCINOSIS).

Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE.

Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.

Therapeutic technique for replacement of minerals in partially decalcified teeth.

Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function.

An ester of glucose with phosphoric acid, made in the course of glucose metabolism by mammalian and other cells. It is a normal constituent of resting muscle and probably is in constant equilibrium with fructose-6-phosphate. (Stedman, 26th ed)

Enzymes that catalyze the dehydrogenation of GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE. Several types of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase exist including phosphorylating and non-phosphorylating varieties and ones that transfer hydrogen to NADP and ones that transfer hydrogen to NAD.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A salt used to replenish calcium levels, as an acid-producing diuretic, and as an antidote for magnesium poisoning.

A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.

A group of compounds with the general formula M10(PO4)6(OH)2, where M is barium, strontium, or calcium. The compounds are the principal mineral in phosphorite deposits, biological tissue, human bones, and teeth. They are also used as an anticaking agent and polymer catalysts. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Substances used to bond COMPOSITE RESINS to DENTAL ENAMEL and DENTIN. These bonding or luting agents are used in restorative dentistry, ROOT CANAL THERAPY; PROSTHODONTICS; and ORTHODONTICS.

Renewal or repair of lost bone tissue. It excludes BONY CALLUS formed after BONE FRACTURES but not yet replaced by hard bone.

The formation of a solid in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction or the aggregation of soluble substances into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.

The scattering of x-rays by matter, especially crystals, with accompanying variation in intensity due to interference effects. Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Substances that inhibit or arrest DENTAL CARIES formation. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)

Phosphoric acid esters of inositol. They include mono- and polyphosphoric acid esters, with the exception of inositol hexaphosphate which is PHYTIC ACID.

Inorganic compounds that contain calcium as an integral part of the molecule.

The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Stable calcium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element calcium, but differ in atomic weight. Ca-42-44, 46, and 48 are stable calcium isotopes.

A major dental enamel-forming protein found in mammals. In humans the protein is encoded by GENES found on both the X CHROMOSOME and the Y CHROMOSOME.

Identification and measurement of ELEMENTS and their location based on the fact that X-RAYS emitted by an element excited by an electron beam have a wavelength characteristic of that element and an intensity related to its concentration. It is performed with an electron microscope fitted with an x-ray spectrometer, in scanning or transmission mode.

Application of a protective agent to an exposed pulp (direct capping) or the remaining thin layer of dentin over a nearly exposed pulp (indirect capping) in order to allow the pulp to recover and maintain its normal vitality and function.

Cell growth support structures composed of BIOCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS. They are specially designed solid support matrices for cell attachment in TISSUE ENGINEERING and GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION uses.

Biocompatible materials usually used in dental and bone implants that enhance biologic fixation, thereby increasing the bond strength between the coated material and bone, and minimize possible biological effects that may result from the implant itself.

Production of a radiographic image of a small or very thin object on fine-grained photographic film under conditions which permit subsequent microscopic examination or enlargement of the radiograph at linear magnifications of up to several hundred and with a resolution approaching the resolving power of the photographic emulsion (about 1000 lines per millimeter).

Native, inorganic or fossilized organic substances having a definite chemical composition and formed by inorganic reactions. They may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other mineral or rock. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A tooth's loss of minerals, such as calcium in hydroxyapatite from the tooth matrix, caused by acidic exposure. An example of the occurrence of demineralization is in the formation of dental caries.

A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained.

Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements, but can refer to the porous state of any solid substance.

Nanometer-sized particles that are nanoscale in three dimensions. They include nanocrystaline materials; NANOCAPSULES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; DENDRIMERS, and QUANTUM DOTS. The uses of nanoparticles include DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS and cancer targeting and imaging.

Pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues.

A hard thin translucent layer of calcified substance which envelops and protects the dentin of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and is almost entirely composed of calcium salts. Under the microscope, it is composed of thin rods (enamel prisms) held together by cementing substance, and surrounded by an enamel sheath. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)

Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.

Generating tissue in vitro for clinical applications, such as replacing wounded tissues or impaired organs. The use of TISSUE SCAFFOLDING enables the generation of complex multi-layered tissues and tissue structures.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.

A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.

A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

An aldotriose which is an important intermediate in glycolysis and in tryptophan biosynthesis.

Poly-2-methylpropenoic acids. Used in the manufacture of methacrylate resins and plastics in the form of pellets and granules, as absorbent for biological materials and as filters; also as biological membranes and as hydrogens. Synonyms: methylacrylate polymer; poly(methylacrylate); acrylic acid methyl ester polymer.

Deacetylated CHITIN, a linear polysaccharide of deacetylated beta-1,4-D-glucosamine. It is used in HYDROGEL and to treat WOUNDS.

The generic term for salts derived from silica or the silicic acids. They contain silicon, oxygen, and one or more metals, and may contain hydrogen. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th Ed)

Long-lasting voltage-gated CALCIUM CHANNELS found in both excitable and nonexcitable tissue. They are responsible for normal myocardial and vascular smooth muscle contractility. Five subunits (alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, gamma, and delta) make up the L-type channel. The alpha-1 subunit is the binding site for calcium-based antagonists. Dihydropyridine-based calcium antagonists are used as markers for these binding sites.

A solution used for irrigating the mouth in xerostomia and as a substitute for saliva.

The growth action of bone tissue as it assimilates surgically implanted devices or prostheses to be used as either replacement parts (e.g., hip) or as anchors (e.g., endosseous dental implants).

The quality or state of being able to be bent or creased repeatedly. (From Webster, 3d ed)

An oxidative decarboxylation process that converts GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE to D-ribose-5-phosphate via 6-phosphogluconate. The pentose product is used in the biosynthesis of NUCLEIC ACIDS. The generated energy is stored in the form of NADPH. This pathway is prominent in tissues which are active in the synthesis of FATTY ACIDS and STEROIDS.

Calcium fluoride. Occurring in nature as the mineral fluorite or fluorspar. It is the primary source of fluorine and its compounds. Pure calcium fluoride is used as a catalyst in dehydration and dehydrogenation and is used to fluoridate drinking water. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

The calcium salt of gluconic acid. The compound has a variety of uses, including its use as a calcium replenisher in hypocalcemic states.

Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups.

Materials fabricated by BIOMIMETICS techniques, i.e., based on natural processes found in biological systems.

Acrylic acids or acrylates which are substituted in the C-2 position with a methyl group.

A calcium salt that is used for a variety of purposes including: building materials, as a desiccant, in dentistry as an impression material, cast, or die, and in medicine for immobilizing casts and as a tablet excipient. It exists in various forms and states of hydration. Plaster of Paris is a mixture of powdered and heat-treated gypsum.

The maximum compression a material can withstand without failure. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed, p427)

Coating with a metal or alloy by electrolysis.

Inorganic compounds that contain magnesium as an integral part of the molecule.

An important intermediate in lipid biosynthesis and in glycolysis.

Membrane proteins that are involved in the active transport of phosphate.

Substances and materials manufactured for use in various technologies and industries and for domestic use.

Formation of stones in the KIDNEY.

The hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root, which is harder and denser than bone but softer than enamel, and is thus readily abraded when left unprotected. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Unstable isotopes of calcium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ca atoms with atomic weights 39, 41, 45, 47, 49, and 50 are radioactive calcium isotopes.

Electron microscopy in which the ELECTRONS or their reaction products that pass down through the specimen are imaged below the plane of the specimen.

Phosphorus used in foods or obtained from food. This element is a major intracellular component which plays an important role in many biochemical pathways relating to normal physiological functions. High concentrations of dietary phosphorus can cause nephrocalcinosis which is associated with impaired kidney function. Low concentrations of dietary phosphorus cause an increase in calcitriol in the blood and osteoporosis.

This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).

Zirconium. A rather rare metallic element, atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.22, symbol Zr. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Dentin formed by normal pulp after completion of root end formation.

Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The spectrometric analysis of fluorescent X-RAYS, i.e. X-rays emitted after bombarding matter with high energy particles such as PROTONS; ELECTRONS; or higher energy X-rays. Identification of ELEMENTS by this technique is based on the specific type of X-rays that are emitted which are characteristic of the specific elements in the material being analyzed. The characteristic X-rays are distinguished and/or quantified by either wavelength dispersive or energy dispersive methods.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Materials used in the production of dental bases, restorations, impressions, prostheses, etc.

Implants constructed of materials designed to be absorbed by the body without producing an immune response. They are usually composed of plastics and are frequently used in orthopedics and orthodontics.

Hard, amorphous, brittle, inorganic, usually transparent, polymerous silicate of basic oxides, usually potassium or sodium. It is used in the form of hard sheets, vessels, tubing, fibers, ceramics, beads, etc.

Inorganic salts of hydrofluoric acid, HF, in which the fluorine atom is in the -1 oxidation state. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Sodium and stannous salts are commonly used in dentifrices.

An aldose-ketose isomerase that catalyzes the reversible interconversion of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms it plays an essential role in glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. In mammalian systems the enzyme is found in the cytoplasm and as a secreted protein. This secreted form of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase has been referred to as autocrine motility factor or neuroleukin, and acts as a cytokine which binds to the AUTOCRINE MOTILITY FACTOR RECEPTOR. Deficiency of the enzyme in humans is an autosomal recessive trait, which results in CONGENITAL NONSPHEROCYTIC HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA.

An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.

A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling.

Relating to the size of solids.

The process whereby calcium salts are deposited in the dental enamel. The process is normal in the development of bones and teeth. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p43)

Synthetic resins, containing an inert filler, that are widely used in dentistry.

A bile salt formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic.

The flexible rope-like structure that connects a developing FETUS to the PLACENTA in mammals. The cord contains blood vessels which carry oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus and waste products away from the fetus.

A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones.

An amino alcohol with a long unsaturated hydrocarbon chain. Sphingosine and its derivative sphinganine are the major bases of the sphingolipids in mammals. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Bone-forming cells which secrete an EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. HYDROXYAPATITE crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone.

An interdisciplinary field in materials science, ENGINEERING, and BIOLOGY, studying the use of biological principles for synthesis or fabrication of BIOMIMETIC MATERIALS.

The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.

Used as a support for ion-exchange chromatography.

Formation of stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT, usually in the KIDNEY; URINARY BLADDER; or the URETER.

A technique for analysis of the chemical composition of molecules. A substance is bombarded with monochromatic ELECTRONS. Some of the electrons passing through the specimen will lose energy when they ionize inner shell electrons of the atoms in the specimen. The energy loss is element dependent. Analysis of the energy loss spectrum reveals the elemental composition of a specimen. ENERGY-FILTERED TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY is a type of electron energy loss spectroscopy carried out in electron microscopes specially outfitted to analyze the spectrum of electron energy loss.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts; atomic number, 22; atomic weight, 47.90; symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Any salt or ester of glycerophosphoric acid.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Inorganic derivatives of phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Note that organic derivatives of phosphoric acids are listed under ORGANOPHOSPHATES.

Linear polymers in which orthophosphate residues are linked with energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds. They are found in plants, animals, and microorganisms.

An enzyme that transfers acyl groups from acyl-CoA to glycerol-3-phosphate to form monoglyceride phosphates. It acts only with CoA derivatives of fatty acids of chain length above C-10. Also forms diglyceride phosphates. EC 2.3.1.15.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS that lack one of its fatty acyl chains due to its hydrolytic removal.

An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.

A relatively hard, translucent, restorative material used primarily in anterior teeth. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p50)

The study of the energy of electrons ejected from matter by the photoelectric effect, i.e., as a direct result of absorption of energy from electromagnetic radiation. As the energies of the electrons are characteristic of a specific element, the measurement of the energy of these electrons is a technique used to determine the chemical composition of surfaces.

A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.

A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.

The monoanhydride of carbamic acid with PHOSPHORIC ACID. It is an important intermediate metabolite and is synthesized enzymatically by CARBAMYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (AMMONIA) and CARBAMOYL-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (GLUTAMINE-HYDROLYZING).

Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure.

Used as a dental cement this is mainly zinc oxide (with strengtheners and accelerators) and eugenol. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p50)

A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.

Term used to designate tetrahydroxy aldehydic acids obtained by oxidation of hexose sugars, i.e. glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, etc. Historically, the name hexuronic acid was originally given to ascorbic acid.

Artificial substitutes for body parts and materials inserted into organisms during experimental studies.

A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Excretion of abnormally high level of CALCIUM in the URINE, greater than 4 mg/kg/day.

Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.

Proteins that bind to and are involved in the metabolism of phosphate ions.

CALCIUM CHANNELS that are concentrated in neural tissue. Omega toxins inhibit the actions of these channels by altering their voltage dependence.

Salts of alginic acid that are extracted from marine kelp and used to make dental impressions and as absorbent material for surgical dressings.

A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

Microscopy in which the image is formed by ultraviolet radiation and is displayed and recorded by means of photographic film.

The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

An atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative electric charge due to a gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of one or more electrons. Atoms with a positive charge are known as CATIONS; those with a negative charge are ANIONS.

Agents that increase calcium influx into calcium channels of excitable tissues. This causes vasoconstriction in VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE and/or CARDIAC MUSCLE cells as well as stimulation of insulin release from pancreatic islets. Therefore, tissue-selective calcium agonists have the potential to combat cardiac failure and endocrinological disorders. They have been used primarily in experimental studies in cell and tissue culture.

Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Phosphatidylinositols in which one or more alcohol group of the inositol has been substituted with a phosphate group.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or URIC ACID.

Carbon-containing phosphoric acid derivatives. Included under this heading are compounds that have CARBON atoms bound to one or more OXYGEN atoms of the P(=O)(O)3 structure. Note that several specific classes of endogenous phosphorus-containing compounds such as NUCLEOTIDES; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and PHOSPHOPROTEINS are listed elsewhere.

Removal of degenerated and necrotic epithelium and underlying connective tissue of a periodontal pocket in an effort to convert a chronic ulcerated wound to an acute surgical wound, thereby insuring wound healing and attachment or epithelial adhesion, and shrinkage of the marginal gingiva. The term is sometimes used in connection with smoothing of a root surface or ROOT PLANING. (Jablonski; Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)

An abnormal concretion occurring mostly in the urinary and biliary tracts, usually composed of mineral salts. Also called stones.

An inner coating, as of varnish or other protective substance, to cover the dental cavity wall. It is usually a resinous film-forming agent dissolved in a volatile solvent, or a suspension of calcium hydroxide in a solution of a synthetic resin. The lining seals the dentinal tubules and protects the pulp before a restoration is inserted. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)

Ribose substituted in the 1-, 3-, or 5-position by a phosphoric acid moiety.

The proteins that are part of the dental enamel matrix.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

The mechanical property of material that determines its resistance to force. HARDNESS TESTS measure this property.

A condition characterized by the formation of CALCULI and concretions in the hollow organs or ducts of the body. They occur most often in the gallbladder, kidney, and lower urinary tract.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Dental cements composed either of polymethyl methacrylate or dimethacrylate, produced by mixing an acrylic monomer liquid with acrylic polymers and mineral fillers. The cement is insoluble in water and is thus resistant to fluids in the mouth, but is also irritating to the dental pulp. It is used chiefly as a luting agent for fabricated and temporary restorations. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p159)

Dietary calcium phosphate stimulates intestinal lactobacilli and decreases the severity of a salmonella infection in rats. (1/929)

We have shown recently that dietary calcium phosphate (CaPi) has a trophic effect on the intestinal microflora and strongly protects against salmonella infection. It was speculated that precipitation by CaPi of intestinal surfactants, such as bile acids and fatty acids, reduced the cytotoxicity of intestinal contents and favored growth of the microflora. Because lactobacilli may have antagonistic activity against pathogens, the main purpose of the present study was to examine whether this CaPi-induced protection coincides with a reinforcement of the endogenous lactobacilli. In vitro, Salmonella enteritidis appeared to be insensitive to bile acids and fatty acids, whereas Lactobacillus acidophilus was killed by physiologically relevant concentrations of these surfactants. Additionally, after adaptation to a purified diet differing only in CaPi concentration (20 and 180 mmol CaHPO4. 2H2O/kg), rats (n = 8) were orally infected with S. enteritidis. Besides reducing the cytotoxicity and the concentration of bile acids and fatty acids of ileal contents and fecal water, CaPi notably changed the composition of ileal bile acids in a less cell-damaging direction. Significantly greater numbers of ileal and fecal lactobacilli were detected in noninfected, CaPi-supplemented rats. As judged by the lower urinary NOx excretion, which is a biomarker of intestinal bacterial translocation, dietary CaPi reduced the invasion of salmonella. Additionally, the colonization resistance was improved considering the reduction of excreted fecal salmonella. In accordance, fewer viable salmonella were detected in ileal contents and on the ileal mucosa in the CaPi group. In conclusion, reducing the intestinal surfactant concentration by dietary CaPi strengthens the endogenous lactobacilli and increases the resistance to salmonella. (+info)

Intracellular calcium responses to basic calcium phosphate crystals in fibroblasts. (2/929)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the intracellular calcium response to basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals in fibroblasts. DESIGN: In this study, intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i levels in fibroblasts were determined using the photoactive dye, fura-2. Interruption of these responses was accomplished by either removal of Ca2+ from the extracellular medium or addition of ammonium chloride that inhibits intracellular dissolution of BCP crystals by alkalinizing phagolysosomes. The effects of such interruptions on BCP induction expression of proto-oncogenes were demonstrated by the Northern blot analysis. RESULTS: Addition of media containing BCP crystals yielded an immediate 10-fold rise of [Ca2+]i over the baseline level in human fibroblasts. This peak was derived mostly from extracellular calcium and was not seen when BCP crystals in calcium-free media were added to fibroblasts. The [Ca2+]i concentration returned to the baseline level within 8 min. A second rise of [Ca2+]i started at 60 min and continued to increase up to at least 3 h. This peak was derived from intracellular dissolution of phagocytosed crystals and almost completely inhibited by 10 mM ammonium chloride. CONCLUSION: The initial transient [Ca2+]i increase probably serves as a second messenger leading to activation of early cellular responses such as c-fos expression which is important in BCP crystal-induced mitogenesis. The second, slower and more sustained rise of [Ca2+]i probably initiates other cellular processes needed for fibroblast mitogenesis. (+info)

Calcium ions as efficient cofactor of polycation-mediated gene transfer. (3/929)

We investigated the effect of calcium on the transfection of non-viral DNA transfer systems. Cationic proteins such as the nuclear protein H1, the polycation polylysine and a number of commercial transfection agents exhibited high transfection rates in the presence of Ca2+. Without Ca2+ H1 and HMG1 were inactive in transfection of the human permanent endothelial cell line ECV 304 while cationic liposomes such as Lipofectin and Lipofectamine did not show any Ca2+ dependence. More detailed experiments showed that Ca2+ was replaceable by the lysosomotropic agent chloroquine. Furthermore, it was possible to separate the transfection-enhancing role of Ca2+ from the actual transfection process by adding Ca2+ to the cells after the transfection period and still to obtain a significant transgene expression. This makes it possible to distinguish between cellular uptake of H1 (or mediator)-DNA complexes and endocytotic release. We also replaced soluble Ca2+ by Ca-phosphate precipitates not containing DNA and obtained similar transfection results. This allowed us to suggest that the addition of free Ca2+ to the transfection medium resulted in nascent Ca-phosphate microprecipitates. The known fusogenic and membranolytic activity of such microprecipitates could facilitate the transport through and the release of the transfecting complexes from the endosomal/lysosomal compartment. (+info)

Development of calcium phosphate cement for rapid crystallization to apatite. (4/929)

The purpose of this study was to develop an alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) cement which transforms to hydroxyapatite (HAP) in a relatively short period. We used calcium and phosphate solutions as the liquid phase for the alpha-TCP cement. The alpha-TCP powder was first mixed with CaCl2 solution, and then mixed with NaH2PO4 or Na2HPO3 solution for a total powder/liquid ratio of 1.8. The setting time became shorter with the increase in the concentration of calcium and phosphate solutions, reaching 5 min, whereas the setting time was longer than 30 min when distilled water was used as the liquid phase. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the cement was mostly transformed to HAP within 24 h when kept in an incubator. We concluded that alpha-TCP should be mixed with calcium and phosphate solutions since this results in a moderate setting time and fast transformation to HAP even if the method of mixing becomes a little complex. (+info)

Essential arterial hypertension and stone disease. (5/929)

BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional studies have shown that nephrolithiasis is more frequently found in hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects, but the pathogenic link between hypertension and stone disease is still not clear. METHODS: Between 1984 and 1991, we studied the baseline stone risk profile, including supersaturation of lithogenic salts, in 132 patients with stable essential hypertension (diastolic blood pressure of more than 95 mm Hg) without stone disease and 135 normotensive subjects (diastolic blood pressure less than 85 mm Hg) without stone disease who were matched for age and sex (controls). Subsequently, both controls and hypertensives were followed up for at least five years to check on the eventual formation of kidney stones. RESULTS: Baseline urine levels in hypertensive males were different from that of normotensive males with regards to calcium (263 vs. 199 mg/day), magnesium (100 vs. 85 mg/day), uric acid (707 vs. 586 mg/day), and oxalate (34.8 vs. 26.5 mg/day). Moreover, the urine of hypertensive males was more supersaturated for calcium oxalate (8.9 vs. 6.1) and calcium phosphate (1.39 vs. 0.74). Baseline urine levels in hypertensive females were different from that of normotensive females with regards to calcium (212 vs. 154 mg/day), phosphorus (696 vs. 614 mg/day), and oxalate (26.2 vs. 21.7 mg/day), and the urine of hypertensive females was more supersaturated for calcium oxalate (7.1 vs. 4.8). These urinary alterations were only partially dependent on the greater body mass index in hypertensive patients. During the follow-up, 19 out of 132 hypertensive patients and 4 out of 135 normotensive patients had stone episodes (14.3 vs. 2.9%, chi-square 11.07, P = 0.001; odds ratio 5.5, 95% CI, 1.82 to 16.66). Of the 19 stone-former hypertensive patients, 12 formed calcium calculi, 5 formed uric acid calculi, and 2 formed nondetermined calculi. Of the urinary factors for lithogenous risk, those with the greatest predictive value were supersaturation of calcium oxalate for calcium calculi and uric acid supersaturation for uric acid calculi. CONCLUSIONS: A significant percentage of hypertensive subjects has a greater risk of renal stone formation, especially when hypertension is associated with excessive body weight. Higher oxaluria and calciuria as well as supersaturation of calcium oxalate and uric acid appear to be the most important factors. Excessive weight and consumption of salt and animal proteins may also play an important role. (+info)

Clinical and biochemical correlates of starting "daily" hemodialysis. (6/929)

BACKGROUND: Daily hemodialysis has been proposed to improve outcomes for patients with end-stage renal disease. There has been increasing evidence that daily hemodialysis might have potential advantages over intermittent dialysis. However, despite these potential advantages, daily hemodialysis is infrequently used in the United States, and published accounts on the technique are few. METHODS: We describe patient outcomes after increasing their hemodialysis frequency from three to six times per week in a cohort of 72 patients treated at nine centers during 1972 to 1996. Analyses of predialysis blood pressure and laboratory parameters from 6 months before until 12 months after starting frequent hemodialysis used a repeated-measures statistical technique. RESULTS: Predialysis systolic and diastolic blood pressures fell by 7 and 4 mm Hg, respectively, after starting frequent hemodialysis (P = 0.02). Reductions were greatest among patients being treated with antihypertensive medications, despite a reduction in their dosage of medications. Postdialysis weight fell by 1.0% within one month of starting frequent hemodialysis and improved control of hypertension. After the initial drop, postdialysis weight increased at a rate of 0.85 kg per six months. Serum albumin rose by 0.29 g/dl (P < 0.001) between months 1 to 12 of treatment with daily hemodialysis. Hematocrit rose by 3.0 percentage points (P = 0.02) among patients (N = 56) not treated with erythropoietin during this period. Two years after the start of daily hemodialysis, Kaplan-Meier analyses showed a patient survival of 93%, a technique survival of 77%, and an arteriovenous fistula patency of 92%. Vascular access patency was excellent despite more frequent use of the access. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that in certain patients, daily hemodialysis might have advantages over three times per week hemodialysis. (+info)

Method of transfection affects the cAMP-mediated induction of the RIIbeta subunit of protein kinase A in Sertoli cells: inhibition of response by increase in intracellullar calcium. (7/929)

mRNA for the regulatory subunit RIIbeta of cAMP-dependent protein kinase is stimulated more than 50-fold by cAMP in primary cultures of rat Sertoli cells. We have previously shown that this induction involves regulation of transcriptional activation as well as mRNA stabilization. The rat RIIbeta gene contains no cAMP response element (CRE), and the induction of RIIbeta mRNA is slow and requires on-going protein synthesis. When a construct containing the 5'-flanking region of the RIIbeta gene upstream of a CAT reporter was transfected into Sertoli cells by the calcium phosphate method, low and variable responses to cAMP (three- to fivefold) were observed, whereas a 15- to 20-fold increase in reporter activity by cAMP was observed after lipofectamine transfection. Interestingly, when a vector containing CRE elements upstream of a reporter gene was transfected into Sertoli cells, the responses to cAMP were similar regardless of the transfection method used. We have also demonstrated that increased intracellular levels of calcium by A23187 and thapsigargin dramatically inhibit cAMP-mediated induction of RIIbeta mRNA, but not the mRNA for the CRE-containing RIalpha gene. Furthermore, decreased cAMP responsiveness of endogenous RIIbetamRNA (but not RIalpha) was also observed in calcium phosphate-transfected Sertoli cells but not in lipofectamine-transfected cells. Thus, calcium-mediated reduction in cAMP response appears to be a gene-specific phenomenon. (+info)

Implanted octacalcium phosphate (OCP) stimulates osteogenesis by osteoblastic cells and/or committed osteoprogenitors in rat calvarial periosteum. (8/929)

Our previous studies demonstrated that the octacalcium phosphate (OCP) causes new appositional bone formation on the OCP when implanted into the subperiosteal region of murine calvaria. The OCP may stimulate the cell population committed to the osteoblastic differentiation in the periosteum and have them express the phenotype. The present study was designed to investigate which periosteal cell population is involved in bone formation on the OCP with applying the OCP implants on top of and underneath the periosteum. The periosteum of the rat parietal bones was flapped and the OCP was implanted on top of or underneath the periosteum, in which the implantation sites were defined using the membrane filter. The histology was examined to see if new appositional bone formation occurs on the OCP implant under each condition. New bone was deposited on the OCP on the bone surface separated from the periosteum by the filter, whereas no bone was formed either under the periosteum separated from the bone surface by the filter or on the periosteum. The present study suggests that the OCP acts on osteoblasts, bone lining cells and/or their closely committed progenitors on the bone surface to express the phenotype and deposit new bone on the OCP implant. (+info)

Kingston, Robert E.; Chen, Claudia A.; Rose, John K. (2003). "Calcium Phosphate Transfection". Current Protocols in Molecular ... rely on chemical reactions to deliver the DNA and include transformation with cells made competent using calcium phosphate as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_construct

Kingston, Robert E.; Chen, Claudia A.; Rose, John K. (2003). "Calcium Phosphate Transfection". Current Protocols in Molecular ... for he also developed two methods of calcium phosphate transfection for transient and stable transfections. These two methods ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_E._Kingston

Bones are mainly composed of calcium phosphate. The phosphate reacts with the acid, and the calcium is excreted by the kidneys ... and calcium-rich foods. In particular, the B vitamins, calcium, and vitamin D must be artificially supplemented. This is ... The urine has a low pH, which stops uric acid from dissolving, leading to crystals that act as a nidus for calcium stone ... Kidney stone formation (nephrolithiasis) is associated with the diet for four reasons: Excess calcium in the urine ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketogenic_diet

Later calcium and sodium phosphates became used; bone ash contains calcium phosphate in a high proportion. Calcium fluoride was ... Ancient milk glasses used crystals of calcium antimonate, formed in the melt from calcium present in the glass and an antimony ... Fluorides of aluminium, calcium, barium, and magnesium can be used with suitable heat treatment. Tin oxide can be used, but ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opacifier

Calcium Phosphate Technologies from. dentist.net. Retrieved on April 4, 2013. Simon Quellen Field "Why There's Antifreeze in ... Hydroxyapatite nanocrystals and a variety of calcium phosphates are included in formulations for remineralization, i.e. the ... Representative abrasives include particles of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), various calcium hydrogen ... calcium sodium phosphosilicate toothpaste and an 8% arginine/calcium carbonate toothpaste - for the longer-term relief of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toothpaste

Bone is calcium phosphate. Fe2+/Fe3+ - as found in haemoglobin, the main oxygen carrying molecule has a central iron ion. NO− 3 ... Below is a list of some of the most important ions for living things as well as examples of their functions: Ca2+ - calcium ... Calcium in biology Magnesium in biology "Inorganic Ions". RSC. Bray, Tammy M.; Bettger, William J. (1990-01-01). "The ... the shells of sea creatures are calcium carbonate. In blood approximately 85% of carbon dioxide, is converted into aqueous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inorganic_ions

... calcium phosphate stones have the greatest density, followed by calcium oxalate and magnesium ammonium phosphate stones. ... Calcium-containing stones[edit]. By far, the most common type of kidney stones worldwide contains calcium. For example, calcium ... Sufficient dietary intake of magnesium and citrate inhibits the formation of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones; in ... As with adults, most pediatric kidney stones are predominantly composed of calcium oxalate; struvite and calcium phosphate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_stones

Calcium phosphates usually found in bioceramics include hydroxyapatite (HAP) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2; tricalcium phosphate β (β TCP): ... Some calcium-deficient phosphates with an apatite structure were thus commercialised as "tricalcium phosphate" even though they ... Calcium phosphates, oxides, and hydroxides are common examples. Other natural materials - generally of animal origin - such as ... Calcium phosphate-based ceramics constitute, at present, the preferred bone substitute material in orthopaedic and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioceramic

... is a calcium aluminium basic phosphate mineral. It has ideal formula CaAl3(PO4)2(OH)5•(H2O). Crandallite was named ... This mineral is found in laterite and in alteration products of phosphate rich pegmatites. "Crandallite Mineral Data". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crandallite

Advances in Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials. Springer Science & Business. p. 436. ISBN 9783642539800. Retrieved 5 July 2016. CS1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/'Ain_Ghazal_Statues

Perlstein, D. (2015). "Rickets (Calcium, Phosphate, or Vitamin D Deficiency) Pg 1". Inglis, V.; Ball, K.; Crawford, D. (2005 ... Calcium's most essential function relates to the growth and strengthening of muscles and bones, with 1% of calcium also ... which build calcium into the bone matrix. Early onset calcium deficiency can result in children developing brittle bones, ... Calcium is a nutrient that can be gained through the consumption of primarily milk and cheeses, however, can also be derived ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_nutrition_in_Australia

The consumption of calcium and phosphate ions, present in the SBF solution, results in the spontaneous growth of bone-like ... Enhanced concentration of calcium and phosphate ions in SBF solution accelerates the coating process and, in the meantime, ... Calcium phosphate nanoparticles, required for the delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) into the nucleus of the cells, were ... The in vitro studies showed higher gene delivery efficiency for the calcium-phosphate/DNA complexes made of SBF solution than ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulated_body_fluid

Enamel, itself, is composed of hydroxyapatite, a calcium phosphate crystal. The various types of human teeth perform different ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hominid_dental_morphology_evolution

Overwintering juveniles store calcium and phosphates in it for molting. Silicon is present throughout the life, but decreases ... In some harvestmen (Phalangium, Odiellus and Leiobunum) it contains calcium deposits. The endosternite is U-shaped with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opiliones_anatomy

Very common adverse effects (greater than 10% of people) include decreased appetite; low calcium, potassium, phosphate, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabozantinib

Commonly used materials include hydroxylapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and calcium phosphate cement. Newer bioactive glasses ... Al-Sanabani, JS; Madfa, AA; Al-Sanabani, FA (2013). "Application of calcium phosphate materials in dentistry". International ... a three-dimensional scaffold is formed to attract and arrange calcium and/or phosphate ions to induce de novo precipitation of ... more traditional strategy to improve the density of the underlying jaw bone is via the in situ application of calcium phosphate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomimetic_material

6: Anatomy, Structure, and Synthesis of Calcitonin (CT)". Endocrinology: hormonal control of calcium and phosphate. Medical ... In its skeleton-preserving actions, calcitonin protects against calcium loss from the skeleton during periods of calcium ... Calcitonin lowers blood calcium and phosphorus mainly through its inhibition of osteoclasts. Osteoblasts do not have calcitonin ... be excreted in the urine High concentrations of calcitonin may be able to increase urinary excretion of calcium and phosphate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcitonin

The most common side effects include fatigue; low levels of calcium, potassium and phosphate; increased levels of an enzyme ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilaciclib

2001 - The start of production of dicalcium phosphate. 2002 - Starts production of mono-calcium phosphate. 2002 - The majority ... Diammonium phosphate (DAP) Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP) Aluminium fluoride Phosphoric acid Technical grade sulphuric acid ... 1970 - second shop for the production of granulated super phosphate. 1972 - The start of production of extruded mixtures of ... 2018 - This year the company will start to produce another type of completely soluble fertilizer - urea phosphate. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifosa

Eanes ED, Hailer AW (January 1987). "Calcium phosphate precipitation in aqueous suspensions of phosphatidylserine-containing ... PC is a zwitterionic headgroup, as it has a negative charge on the phosphate group and a positive charge on the amine but, ... One of the critical roles of calcium in the body is regulating membrane fusion. Third, a destabilization must form at one point ... Biological bilayers are usually composed of amphiphilic phospholipids that have a hydrophilic phosphate head and a hydrophobic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_bilayer

Fertilizers like ammonium phosphate, calcium ammonium nitrate, urea can be supplied. Foliar spray of urea can be a quick method ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_deficiency

Small shelly fossils are composed of a variety of minerals, the most important being silica, calcium phosphate and calcium ... Some sclerites are mineralized with calcium phosphate rather than calcium carbonate. Tommotiids have a wide range of sclerite ... calcium phosphate and silica appeared virtually simultaneously in a range of environments. Organisms started burrowing to avoid ... It has often been suggested that biomineralization evolved as a response to an increase in the concentration of calcium in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_shelly_fauna

Chromite, sodium-rich feldspar and calcium phosphates occur in minor amounts. Petrologic type 6 dominates, with over 60% of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L_chondrite

They are a rich source of calcium phosphate. However, the energy expended to make a strike versus the amount of scales consumed ... These scales contain almost no bone, being composed of a surface layer containing hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate and a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_scale

A shark tooth contains resistant calcium phosphate materials. The most ancient types of sharks date back to 450 million years ... Phosphate pits, containing mostly fossil bones and teeth, or kaolin pits, are ideal places to look for fossil shark teeth. One ... To study the caries-reducing effect in sharks, studies are done on the fluorine atoms that are bound covalently to calcium ... of the most notable phosphate mines is in Central Florida, Polk County, and is known as Bone Valley. Most of the teeth found ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shark_tooth

They are a rich source of calcium phosphate. However, the energy expended to make a strike versus the amount of scales consumed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepidophagy

Blaine J, Chonchol M, Levi M (July 2015). "Renal control of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium homeostasis". Clinical Journal of ... allowing flow of calcium from bone to blood reduced kidney clearance of calcium increased intestinal calcium absorption In ... The primary determinant of the amount of calcium excreted into the urine per day is the plasma ionized calcium concentration. ... the calcium and phosphate tend to precipitate out as water-insoluble salts, which readily form solid "stones". Fraser WD (July ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperparathyroidism

Thus, FGF23 decreases the reabsorption of calcium and increases excretion of phosphate. FGF23 may also suppress 1-alpha- ... FGF23 is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family which participates in phosphate and vitamin D metabolism and ... The main function of FGF23 seems to be regulation of phosphate concentration in plasma. FGF23 is secreted by osteocytes in ... FGF23 acts on the kidneys, where it decreases the expression of NPT2, a sodium-phosphate cotransporter in the proximal tubule. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_23

This site binds negatively charged calcium phytate and hydrolyzes phosphates from it. A 2008 study by Huang et al. compared 66 ... BPPs are calcium dependent metalloproteins. Their active site has a number of calcium cations (Ca2+) bound to it via negatively ... Other studies support product with three phosphates, but more phosphates can be removed under extreme conditions such as high ... of the feed's total calcium content. Phytase addition improves calcium availability and can also improve the bioavailability of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-propeller_phytase

Some forms contain calcium phosphate and others have calcium carbonate. See Cordua, W.S. "Apatite Ca5(PO4, CO3)3(F, Cl, OH) ... The Lingulida and Discinida, combined in the Lingulata, have shells made of chitin and calcium phosphate. A three-part scheme, ... apatite containing calcium phosphate in the primary biomineralized layer; and a complex mixture in the innermost layer, ... Articulated brachiopods have an outermost periostracum made of proteins, a "primary layer" of calcite (a form of calcium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachiopod

Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine ... The principal commercially viable ore of lutetium is the rare-earth phosphate mineral monazite, (Ce,La,etc.)PO4, which contains ... in which all the elements have relationship similar to that of elements of the calcium-strontium-barium-radium series, the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_3_element

aluminum, calcium, gadolinium, magnesium, strontium, zinc). *Dehydroandrosterone. *Dihydrotestosterone. *Estradiol. *L-α-Amino ... Polytestosterone phloretin phosphate. *5α-Dihydrotestosterone derivatives: 1-Androstenediol. *1-Androstenedione. *1- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trenbolone_hexahydrobenzylcarbonate

The composite nature of bone, comprising one-third organic (mainly protein collagen) and two thirds mineral (calcium phosphate ... Diagenesis alters the proportions of organic collagen and inorganic components (hydroxyapatite, calcium, magnesium) of bone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis

NMDA induces a calcium flux that allows for synaptic plasticity which is crucial for AHN. ... Polytestosterone phloretin phosphate. *Dihydrotestosterone derivatives: 1-Androstenediol. *1-Androstenedione. *1-Androsterone ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen

... calcium, magnesium or phosphate in the blood. All of these may be affected by kidney problems. The serum creatinine ... activated vitamin D supplements and phosphate binders may be required to counteract the effects of kidney failure on bone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrologist

Sodium phosphate; see trisodium phosphate - Na3PO4. *Sodium selenate - Na2O4Se ... Calcium perchlorate - Ca(ClO4)2. *Calcium permanganate - Ca(MnO4)2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_inorganic_compounds

"Kinetics of Growth of Columnar Triclinic Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystals". Crystal Growth & Design. 1 (6): 463-466. ... phosphates, arsenates and vanadates, and silicates.[9] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralogist

Further the addition of the various forms of egg whites, disodium phosphate and gum gluten are not permitted.. Wheat and soy ... The products in this category may also optionally contain up to 625 milligrams of calcium.. Milk macaroni products - the same ... The addition of either the various forms of egg whites or disodium phosphate allowed for macaroni products is not permitted in ... The use of egg whites, disodium phosphate and gum gluten optionally allowed for macaroni products is not permitted for this ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasta

... such as calcium (as calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, etc.) or magnesium (as magnesium oxide, etc.), or iron (as ferrous ... Red meat, dairy foods, fish, poultry, bread, rice, oats.[19][20] In biological contexts, usually seen as phosphate[21] ... Strontium has been found to be involved in the utilization of calcium in the body. It has promoting action on calcium uptake ... Calcium 01200.0001200 2500; 2500 Quantity Needed for muscle, heart and digestive system health, builds bone, supports synthesis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_mineral

Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway. • Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway. • beta-catenin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FZD5

... regulation of calcium intake, and use of enzyme substitute.[42] Regular consumption of dairy food by lactase deficient ... Pentose phosphate pathway. *Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. *Transaldolase deficiency. *6-phosphogluconate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactose_intolerance

Solids commonly associated with scale formation are calcium and magnesium carbonate and sulfate. Corrosion rates initially ... chromates and phosphates.[5][6] The first two have toxicity concerns;[7] and the last has been associated with eutrophication.[ ... have been maintained in cooling systems to keep heat exchange surfaces clean so a film of gamma iron oxide and zinc phosphate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_cooling

... the phosphate group on the PLP readily donates a proton to an inorganic phosphate molecule, allowing the inorganic phosphate to ... The increased calcium availability binds to the calmodulin subunit and activates glycogen phosphorylase kinase. Glycogen ... Glycogen phosphorylase has a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, derived from Vitamin B6) at each catalytic site. Pyridoxal phosphate ... Glycogen is left with one fewer glucose molecule, and the free glucose molecule is in the form of glucose-1-phosphate. In order ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen_phosphorylase

NMDA receptor activation by rapid successive firing allows calcium influx in addition to sodium. The calcium influx triggered ... Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI; PGI, PHI, AMF). *Glia maturation factor (GMF) ... Promoter IV activity, leading to the translation of exon IV-containing mRNA, is strongly stimulated by calcium and is primarily ... triggering a calcium influx. Through a protein signaling cascade requiring Erk, CaM KII/IV, PI3K, and PLC, NMDA receptor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BDNF

It is made up of 70% inorganic materials (mainly hydroxylapatite and some non-crystalline amorphous calcium phosphate), 20% ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dentin

Phosphate is thus applied at a rate of 30 to 40 kg/ha, or 30 to 40 lb/acre. Oats remove potash (K2O) at a rate of 0.19 pound ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oat

Adequate calcium levels and, probably, more importantly, vitamin D levels are essential for healthy bone density. Some people ... Carbohydrate metabolism: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. *Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency. *Danon disease/ ... Wimalawansa SJ, Razzaque DM, Al-Daghri NM (December 2017). "Calcium and Vitamin D in Human Health: Hype or Real?". The Journal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kallmann_syndrome

... palmitate phosphate, bilirubin and other bile pigments (calcium bilirubinate, calcium palmitate and calcium stearate). Because ... They are composed primarily of bilirubin (insoluble bilirubin pigment polymer) and calcium (calcium phosphate) salts that are ... calcium, and vitamin C;[18] low fluid consumption;[19] and, at least for men, a high intake of carbohydrate, a high glycemic ... of their calcium content, they are often radiographically visible. They typically arise secondary to infection of the biliary ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallstones

E302 calcium ascorbate (approved for use as a food additive in the EU,[88] U.S.[89] and Australia and New Zealand)[90] ... removes the final phosphate leading to d-glucuronic acid. The aldehyde group of this compound is reduced to a primary alcohol ... However, taking vitamin C in the form of sodium ascorbate and calcium ascorbate may minimize this effect.[29] Other symptoms ... The most commonly used supplement compounds are ascorbic acid, sodium ascorbate and calcium ascorbate.[2] Vitamin C molecules ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-ascorbic_acid

Phosphates. Main article: Phosphate minerals. The phosphate minerals are characterized by the tetrahedral [PO4]3− unit, ... In a limestone, calcite or aragonite (both CaCO3) form because the rock is rich in calcium and carbonate. A corollary is that a ... The most common phosphate is the apatite group; common species within this group are fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F), chlorapatite ( ... For example, the plagioclase feldspars comprise a continuous series from sodium-rich end member albite (NaAlSi3O8) to calcium- ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral

... and monopotassium phosphate were the first materials discovered to exhibit piezoelectricity.[3] This ... Acid potassium tartrate; Aluminum tartrate; Ammonium tartrate; Calcium tartrate; Metatartaric acid; Potassium antimonyl ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_potassium_tartrate

Calcium-sensing receptor. *GABAB (1. *2). *Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPR120

In the production of phosphoric acid from phosphate rock, calcium phosphate is treated with sulfuric acid and calcium sulfate ... Calcium sulfate (or calcium sulphate) is the inorganic compound with the formula CaSO4 and related hydrates. In the form of γ- ... Another calcium compound, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2, portlandite) also exhibits a retrograde solubility for the same ... The main use of calcium sulfate is to produce plaster of Paris and stucco. These applications exploit the fact that calcium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_sulphate

... of total phosphate of the cell.[73] The majority of phosphate concentration switches from 2,3- DPG to IPP, suggesting the ... as well as high in calcium, protein and iron. Uncooked, it is dark red or cherry red, a little darker than beef.[95] Ostrich ... 2,3- DPG constitutes approximately 42-47%, of the cells phosphate of the embryonic ostrich.[73] However, the adult ostrich have ... Inositol Tetrakisphosphate: The Major Phosphate Compound in the Erythrocytes of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus camelus)". ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_ostrich

... mediates the release through presynaptic effects through a voltage dependent inhibition of high voltage activation of calcium ... Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency. *Citrullinemia. *N-Acetylglutamate synthase deficiency. *Ornithine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-hydroxybutyric_aciduria

Calcium pantothenate (Vitamin B5). *Kalsiyum peroxide -. *Kalsiyum phosphates - mineral salt, topaklanma önleyici, sabitleyici ... Sodium aluminium phosphate - asitlik düzenleyici, emülgatör. *Sodium aluminosilicate (sodium aluminium silicate) - topaklanma ... Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate - kıvam arttırıcı, bitkisel sakız. *Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose - kıvam arttırıcı, bitkisel ...

https://tr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gıda_katkı_maddeleri_listesi

... s have a short-term store of energy in the form of creatine phosphate which is generated from ATP and can regenerate ATP ... the ability to couple myosin side chains phosphorylation to higher concentrations of the positive concentrations of calcium, ... More ATP is generated from creatine phosphate for about 15 seconds. (b) Each glucose molecule produces two ATP and two ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle

Phosphate metabolism. *Phosphoric acids and phosphates. Magnesium metabolism. *Magnesium transporter. Calcium metabolism. * ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transferrin

From aqueous solution, the salt crystallizes as the pentahydrate, the fifth water is not bound to the metal in the solid. Viewed as a coordination complex, the ion is octahedral, with oxo, four equatorial water ligands, and a monodentate sulfate.[1][3] The trihydrate has also been examined by crystallography.[4] A hexahydrate exists below 13.6 °C (286.8 K).[5] Two polymorphs of anhydrous VOSO4 are known.[6] The V=O bond distance is 160 pm, about 50 pm shorter than the V-OH2 bonds. In solution, the sulfate ion dissociates rapidly. Being widely available, vanadyl sulfate is a common precursor to other vanadyl derivatives, such as vanadyl acetylacetonate:[7] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadyl_sulfate

Noubhani, Abdelmajid (2010). "The Selachians' faunas of the Moroccan phosphate deposits and the K-T mass extinctions". ... The resulting acidification of the oceans would kill many organisms that grow shells of calcium carbonate. At Brazos section, ... represents one of the most dramatic turnovers in the fossil record for various calcareous nanoplankton that formed the calcium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretaceous-Paleogene_extinction_event

No data available that match "calcium phosphates"

Calcium phosphate - which you find as tricalcium phosphate in supplements - contains close to 39 percent elemental calcium. (healthline.com)
What Is Tricalcium Phosphate? (healthline.com)
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium phosphate material is selected from the group of calcium phosphates consisting of amorphous apatitic calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and fluorapatite. (google.ca)
Materials such as HA obtained typically from marine coral, 2 glass-reinforced HA, 3 brushite, 4 tricalcium phosphate, 5 and mixtures of these materials (composites) 6 are in use. (sigmaaldrich.com)
However, bioceramics made of HA and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) provide better scaffold resorption. (sigmaaldrich.com)
OSferion is an osteoconductive bone graft substitute and bone void filler consisting of 100% Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). (arthrex.com)
The partial conversion of β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) phase into the dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) took place in all the investigated cement systems. (mdpi.com)
75µm, 10 mol% excess of beta-tricalcium phosphate, 1 wt% disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, and 0.5 M citric acid in a liquid-to-powder ratio of 0.22 ml/g. (diva-portal.org)
2. The tricalcium phosphate particles of claim 1 wherein the sugar alcohol has the general formula HOCH 2 [CH(OH)] n CH 2 OH, wherein n ranges from 4 to 6. (freepatentsonline.com)
3. The tricalcium phosphate particles of claim 2 wherein the sugar alcohol is xylitol. (freepatentsonline.com)
4. The tricalcium phosphate particles of claim 1 wherein glycerophosphoric acid compound is a salt having the general formula HO(CH) 2 (O)P(O)(O − )(M +n ) 2/n wherein M is H or a metal ion having a valency of n, or a hydrate thereof. (freepatentsonline.com)
5. The tricalcium phosphate particles of claim 4 wherein the glycerophosphoric acid compound is sodium glycerophosphate, calcium glycerophosphate, or a mixture thereof. (freepatentsonline.com)
7. An oral care composition comprising the surface treated tricalcium phosphate particles of claim 1 and a fluoride-providing agent. (freepatentsonline.com)
8. The oral care composition of claim 1 wherein the concentration of tricalcium phosphate ranges from 0.02 wt-% to 40 wt-% of the total solids content of the oral care composition. (freepatentsonline.com)
9. A hardenable dental composition comprising a hardenable material and the surface treated tricalcium phosphate particles of claim 1. (freepatentsonline.com)
11. The calcium phosphate particles of claim 10 wherein the calcium phosphate comprises tricalcium phosphate. (freepatentsonline.com)
To overcome complicated usage and short shelf life of acidic CPCs, a ready-to-use acidic CPC was developed by mixing a monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) paste and a β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) paste with suitable amounts of citric acid. (diva-portal.org)
While crystalline hydroxyapatite (34% of total P) dominated Ca-P species after about 600-1,000 years, beta-tricalcium phosphate increased to 16% of total P after 900-1,100 years, after which both Ca-P species disappeared. (biochar-international.org)

Amorphous calcium phosphate , a glassy precipitate of variable composition that may be present in biological systems. (wikipedia.org)
3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein said calcium phosphate is prepared using an amorphous calcium phosphate and a second calcium phosphate source. (google.es)
In bone and teeth the formation of apatite crystals is preceded by an amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) precursor phase. (nih.gov)
Successes Awards Awards Gallery 2005 Polymeric amorphous calcium phosphate. (federallabs.org)
The purpose of this study was to determine the microbiologic effect silver (Ag) when incorporated in amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) prepared from solutions containing calcium, phosphate and pyrophosphate ions. (scientific.net)
Unlike the other calcium phosphate technologies, the ions that NovaMin release form hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) directly, without the intermediate amorphous calcium phosphate phase detailed above 10 . (dentist.net)
Recaldent (also referred two as CPP-ACP ) is a complex of casein phosphopeptide ( CCP ), a protein found in milk, and amorphous calcium phosphate ( ACP) . (dentist.net)
4. The calcium phosphate cement composition of claim 2, wherein said amorphous calcium phosphate is a solid. (freepatentsonline.com)
6. The calcium phosphate cement composition of claim 5, wherein said gel consists of said amorphous calcium phosphate and said physiologically acceptable liquid. (freepatentsonline.com)
With F-varnishes containing Ca/PO 4 , the Ca and PO 4 concentrations increased together with the pH increase and then decreased due to the precipitation of spherical calcium fluoride and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoaggregates. (umich.edu)

Infants, children, and pregnant women have the greatest need for calcium because of their exceptional rates of bone formation and growth. (healthline.com)
Calcium from dolomite, bone meal, or oyster shells isn't recommended because these sources may contain lead and other toxins. (healthline.com)
However, adequate phosphate is needed for bone health. (healthline.com)
Calcium phosphates are white solids of nutritious value and are found in many living organisms, e.g., bone mineral and tooth enamel. (wikipedia.org)
the insoluble nonacid calcium salt of orthophosphoric acid (phosphoric(V) acid): it occurs in bones and is the main constituent of bone ash. (dictionary.com)
The maintenance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis involves intestinal, bone, and renal handling of these ions. (uptodate.com)
Calcium balance is mediated primarily by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D), which affect intestinal absorption, bone formation and resorption, and urinary excretion [ 1-4 ]. (uptodate.com)
Calcium phosphates are found in many living organisms, e.g., bone mineral and tooth enamel . (wikipedia.org)
Calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings enhance cellular adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation to promote bone regeneration [22, 32-35]. (thefreedictionary.com)
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the calcium phosphate has a calcium-to-phosphate ratio comparable to naturally occurring bone minerals. (google.ca)
We have developed a calcium phosphate glass (CPG) doped with Zn(2+) or F(-) or combined Zn(2+) and F(-) ions, which are naturally found in the human body and play a dual role in bone formation and antibacterial activity. (nih.gov)
A calcium phosphate cement suitable for use in dental and bone prosthesis is disclosed, which include calcium phosphate particles having a diameter of 0.05 to 100 microns, wherein said calcium phosphate particles on their surfaces have whiskers or fine crystals having a width ranging from 1 to 100 nm. (google.com)
Calcium is necessary for many normal functions of the body, especially bone formation and maintenance. (drugs.com)
Porous calcium phosphate implant compositions that approximate the chemical composition of natural bone mineral are provided. (google.es)
When introduced at an implant site, the calcium phosphate compositions are remodeled into bone. (google.es)
Methods for using the calcium phosphate compositions, e.g., to repair or replace bone, are also provided. (google.es)
M. P. Ginebra, T. Traykova and J. A. Planell, "Calcium Phosphate Cements as Bone Drug Delivery System: A Review," Journal of Controlled Release, Vol. 113, No. 2, 2006, pp. 102-110. (scirp.org)
It may be used to treat conditions caused by low calcium levels such as bone loss ( osteoporosis ), weak bones ( osteomalacia / rickets ), decreased activity of the parathyroid gland ( hypoparathyroidism ), and a certain muscle disease (latent tetany ). (webmd.com)
A resorbable bone replacement material made of calcium phosphate particles of different phases which are embedded in an inventive-specific cross-linked collagen matrix. (google.co.uk)
Said goal is achieved by producing the bone replacement material made of a mixture of calcium phosphate particles which is embedded in an inventive cross-linked collagen matrix. (google.co.uk)
1 . A resorbable bone substituent material comprising calcium phosphate particles of different phases and collagen, wherein the collagen is in the form of a matrix that is at least partially cross-linked by a substituted polyhydroxy aromatic compound under the action of a laccase. (google.co.uk)
Calcium is critical in preventing osteoporosis, a condition that is characterized by the breakdown of bone and increased risk of fractures. (livestrong.com)
With the help of biomimetic matrices, a research team led by bioengineers at the University of California, San Diego has discovered exactly how calcium phosphate can coax stem cells to become bone-building cells. (redorbit.com)
Calcium phosphate bone cements (CPCs) with antibacterial properties are demanded for clinical applications. (mdpi.com)
Unravelling the processes of calcium phosphate formation is important in our understanding of both bone and tooth formation, and also of pathological mineralization, for example in cardiovascular disease. (nih.gov)
In addition, bio-sensors are developed to study in-situ the bone growth on calcium phosphate surfaces. (imperial.ac.uk)
Compared to cortical bone and polymeric bone cements, the mechanical properties of calcium phosphate cements are generally poor. (diva-portal.org)
Degradable synthetic materials with properties similar to bone, such as calcium phosphate cements, are a promising alternative. (diva-portal.org)
In the presence of salivathe composite materialreleases calcium andphosphate ions, forming acrystalline calciumphosphate similar to themineral found naturallyin teeth and bone. (federallabs.org)
In this context, given the wide use of calcium phosphates (CaPs) and bisphosphonates (BPs) for the therapy of bone-related affections, there was great interest to investigate the chemistry taking place when combining the two systems since: (i) it could provide better insight in the mechanism of BP fixation on bones (ii) such combination could act as efficient BP delivery systems when implanted in bone defects. (scientific.net)
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are synthetic bone grafting materials that can be used in fracture stabilization and to fill bone voids after, e.g., bone tumour excision. (diva-portal.org)
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are used as bone void fillers and as complements to hardware in fracture fixation. (diva-portal.org)
Recently, a group of novel biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bone grafting materials have been demonstrated to possess osteoinductive properties by demonstrating signs of ectopic bone formation. (nih.gov)
Basic (apatite-based) calcium phosphate cements (CPCs), and acidic (brushite and monetite-based) CPCs are used as bone replacement materials because of their bioactivity, mouldability and ability to harden in place. (diva-portal.org)
The intercellular material in bone is a nanocomposite of aligned "hard" inorganics-calcium phosphate (CaP) platelets embedded in the long-range ordered "soft" organic collagen matrix. (dissertations.se)
Calcium phosphate occurs naturally in bone, and a hollow structure could be advantageous for drug loading and release. (dissertations.se)
This creates a range of problems from itchiness to bone disease, heart disease and abnormal calcium deposits in blood vessels and other parts of the body (including the brain! (globaldialysis.com)
To address this problem of the interface between alumina and bone, we have developed a novel calcium phosphate with Zn 2+ (CaP-Zn) coating onto porous alumina ceramic scaffold by impregnating with calcium phosphate/poly(vinyl alcohol) slurry. (scielo.br)
Of the many trace elements, zinc is reported to be involved in bone metabolism 7-10 , showing that Zn 2+ increases bone protein, calcium content, and alkaline phosphatase activity in rat calvaria 11 . (scielo.br)
After 4 weeks, most of the calcium sulphate was resorbed and new bone tissue surrounded the HA particles. (lu.se)
The second biphasic injectable bone substitute formulation consists of a calcium deficient HA matrix with embedded calcium sulphate crystals. (lu.se)
By incorporation of calcium sulphate, macroporosity may be obtained to allow bone ingrowth. (lu.se)
Calcium phosphate bioceramics are widely used in orthopedic and dental applications and porous scaffolds made of them are serious candidates in the field of bone tissue engineering. (dovepress.com)
Scanning electron micrograph of crystals of calcium phosphate on the surface of tibial (lower leg bone) cartilage in the knee joint of a patient with chondrocalcinosis. (sciencephoto.com)

Various calcium phosphate minerals are used in the production of phosphoric acid and fertilizers. (wikipedia.org)
any calcium salt of a phosphoric acid. (dictionary.com)
For this study, calcium phosphate was prepared from phosphoric acid and oyster shells. (scirp.org)
The influences of the concentration of phosphoric acid and pH in the preparation conditions were studied from the yields of calcium phosphate and unreacted carbonate, and the Ca/P ratios in precipitates. (scirp.org)
The yield of calcium phosphate and carbonate was low in the preparation condition with 0.1 mol/l of phosphoric acid. (scirp.org)

Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (PH: Ph. (drugs.com)
The infrared spectrum of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (brushite). (springer.com)
The obtained precipitates were the mixture of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and the unreacted calcium carbonate. (scirp.org)
G. Madhurambai, R. Subha and S. C. Mojumdar, "Crystallization and Thermal Characterization of Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate Crystals," Journal of Thermal Analysis Calorimetry, Vol. 96, No. 1, 2009, pp. 73- 76. (scirp.org)

Rock phosphate is the source from which dicalcium phosphate can be manufactured. (bharatbook.com)
In the shallow, medium and deep-black soils having the carbonate content from 3 to 6%, the available phosphorous was highest at 60 days when superphosphate was applied, whereas in the alluvial soil containing 1% carbonate, the highest available phosphorous was observed at 60 days when the fertilizer applied was dicalcium phosphate. (bharatbook.com)
Dicalcium phosphate proved as effective as superphosphate on alluvial, coastal alluvial, red and laterite soils, but was inferior on medium-black and deltaic saline soils. (bharatbook.com)
This market research report examines the foreign trade of Lithuania and its perspectives on the global market for calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate). (marketpublishers.com)
The report will be of considerable interest primarily to relevant strategic planners, senior company officials and importers/exporters, since it features invaluable information on calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate) export/import operations in Lithuania. (marketpublishers.com)
The report studies how Lithuania behaves on the global market for calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate). (marketpublishers.com)
It also assesses the dynamics of country's foreign trade in calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate) in 2006-2016. (marketpublishers.com)
The report indicates major suppliers and consumers of calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate) in Lithuania. (marketpublishers.com)
The final chapter provides in-depth analysis of prospects for the country's foreign trade in calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate), as well the forecast for the development of the market for calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate) up to 2021. (marketpublishers.com)
We present average price forecast for calcium hydrogenorthophosphate (dicalcium phosphate). (marketpublishers.com)

A cement comprising these properties has great potential of changing the future clinical indications for calcium phosphate cements, and could potentially reduce the use of non-degradable polymeric cements. (diva-portal.org)
Calcium phosphate cements are suited for a limited amount of applications and improving their physical properties could extend their use into areas previously not considered possible. (diva-portal.org)
The focus of this thesis is, therefore, on how the physical properties of acidic calcium phosphate cements (brushite cements) are affected by compositional variations, with the ultimate aim of making it possible to formulate brushite cements with desired properties. (diva-portal.org)
In summary, insights into the functional properties of currently available CPCs as well as the setting process of brushite cements were gained and several new calcium phosphate-based formulations were developed to overcome some of the drawbacks of traditional CPCs. (diva-portal.org)

Calcium phosphate is a family of materials and minerals containing calcium ions (Ca2+) together with inorganic phosphate anions. (wikipedia.org)
The researchers found that when phosphate ions gradually dissolve from these materials, they are taken up by the stem cells and used for the production of ATP, a key metabolic molecule. (redorbit.com)
Abstract: Our earlier studies showed that several ions inhibit the crystal growth of apatite and promote the formation of amorphous calcium phosphates (ACP). (scientific.net)
When NovaMin particles come in contact with saliva or water, they rapidly release sodium, calcium and phosphorous ions into the saliva that are available for remineralization of the tooth surface. (dentist.net)
Oxidized LDL inhibits both nucleation and crystal growth, possibly by attracting calcium ions in the solution and thus reducing supersaturation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The mediation of the inflammation process happens due to the interaction of C1P with the C2 domain of cPLA 2α , an effector protein that needs the presence of submicromolar concentrations of calcium ions. (beilstein-journals.org)
For that purpose, we used monomolecular films of C1P at the soft air/liquid interface with calcium ions in the subphase. (beilstein-journals.org)
The isotherms indicate that C1P monolayers are in a condensed state in the presence of calcium ions, regardless of the pH. (beilstein-journals.org)
At higher pH without calcium ions, the monolayer is in a liquid-expanded state due to repulsion between the negatively charged phosphate groups of the C1P molecules. (beilstein-journals.org)
When divalent calcium ions are added, they are able to bridge the highly charged phosphate groups, enhancing the regular arrangement of the head groups. (beilstein-journals.org)
Therefore, calcium ions have clearly a strong affinity for the phosphomonoester of C1P. (beilstein-journals.org)
Calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoshells were prepared using negatively charged liposomes (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate sodium salt (DOPA)) as a template by base titration synthesis at various concentrations of NaOH and calcium ions. (doaj.org)
The best results showed that stable spherical CaP nanoshells with a mean particle size of 197.5 ± 5.8 nm and a zeta potential of -34.5 ± 0.6 mV were successfully formed when 0.100 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 0.100 M calcium ions were used. (doaj.org)

L. Pighinelli and M. Kucharska, "Properties of Microcrystalline Chitosan-Calcium Phosphate Complex Composite," Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology , Vol. 4 No. 4A, 2013, pp. 20-29. (scirp.org)
Oktay YILDIRIM, "Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan /Calcium Phosphate Based Composite Biomaterials," Master Of Science Dissertation, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, 2004. (scirp.org)
Calcium phosphate spheres as biomaterials have been attracting attention in recent years. (dissertations.se)

The polymer scaffold may be produced using pure polymer or alternatively a composite material may be formed consisting of a macroporous polymer scaffold and osteoclast-resorbable calcium phosphate particles with a binding agent binding the calcium phosphate particles to the polymer scaffold. (google.co.uk)
2. A composite material as defined in claim 1 wherein said calcium phosphate particles are osteoclast-resorbable calcium phosphate particles. (google.co.uk)
1. A calcium phosphate cement comprising calcium phosphate particles having a diameter of 0.05 to 100 microns, wherein said calcium phosphate particles on their surfaces have whiskers or fine crystals of basic calcium phosphate having a width ranging from 1 to 100 nm and a length ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. (google.com)
2. The calcium phosphate cement according to claim 1 , wherein said calcium phosphate particles have a diameter of 0.2 to 80 microns. (google.com)
6. The calcium phosphate cement according to claim 1 , wherein said calcium phosphate particles have a molar ratio of calcium to phosphate ranging from 0.5 to 2.5. (google.com)
17. The process according to claim 16 further comprising grinding the resulting product from the controlling treatment to form calcium phosphate particles having a diameter of 0.05 to 100 microns, wherein said whiskers or fine crystals have a width ranging from 1 to 100 nm and a length ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. (google.com)
18. The process according to claim 17 , wherein said calcium phosphate particles have a diameter of 0.2 to 80 microns, and said whiskers or fine crystals have a width ranging from 2 to 70 nm and a length ranging from 5 to 800 nm. (google.com)
19. The process according to claim 18 , wherein said calcium phosphate particles have a diameter of 0.5 to 50 microns, and said whiskers or fine crystals have a length ranging from 10 to 700 nm. (google.com)
The tribological properties of α-zirconium phosphate particles as an additive in anhydrous calcium grease were studied by using an Optimol SRV-V oscillating reciprocating tester and a four-ball tester. (mdpi.com)
Calcium phosphate particles are described comprising a surface treatment wherein the surface treatment comprises at least one sugar alcohol, at least one glycerophosphoric acid compound, or mixture thereof. (freepatentsonline.com)
Also described are various oral care compositions comprising surface treated calcium phosphate particles and methods of surface treating calcium phosphate particles. (freepatentsonline.com)
10. Calcium phosphate particles comprising a surface treatment wherein the surface treatment comprises at least one sugar alcohol. (freepatentsonline.com)
and removing the liquid medium to obtain dried surface treated calcium phosphate particles. (freepatentsonline.com)
Cholesterol microcrystals (71.4 and 143 mg/L) made the nucleation phase shorter (300 min vs 390 min for the control), and the precipitated particles had an organic core and a shell composed of calcium phosphates. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The first formulation consists of a calcium sulphate matrix with embedded hydroxyapatite (HA) particles to provide osteoconductivity. (dissertations.se)

5.1 The tensile test method is recommended for tension testing of calcium phosphate/substrate or porous metal coating/substrate combinations and can provide information on the adhesive or cohesive strength of coatings under (uniaxial) tensile stress. (astm.org)
1.1 This test method covers tension testing of calcium phosphate and metallic porous coatings adhering to dense metal substrates at ambient temperatures. (astm.org)
Calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (Ca-def HAP) coatings are synthesized by pulsed electrodeposition on titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) substrates. (rsc.org)

This is just a fraction below calcium carbonate ( 40 percent ), but well above calcium citrate (21 percent), calcium lactate (13 percent), and calcium gluconate (9 percent). (healthline.com)
In most cases, calcium phosphate offers no advantage over calcium carbonate or calcium citrate," said Dr. Roger Phipps, assistant professor at Husson University School of Pharmacy. (healthline.com)
If getting enough calcium is a concern for you, calcium carbonate and calcium citrate are likely your best options. (healthline.com)
Setting times of calcium phosphate cement compositions are enhanced by the addition of phosphate or carbonate lubricant compositions. (google.com)
b) a wet lubricating medium consisting of a solution of sodium phosphate or sodium carbonate, wherein the concentration of said sodium phosphate or sodium carbonate in said solution ranges from 0.01 to 2 M. (google.com)
b) a wet lubricating medium consisting of a solution of sodium phosphate or sodium carbonate in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 2.0 M. (google.com)
2. The calcium phosphate cement composition of claim 1, wherein said at least one additional calcium source is a calcium source selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and calcium phosphate. (freepatentsonline.com)

This crystal of Calcium Phosphate, Apatite, represents a complex combination of hexagonal hemihedral forms produced by the pyramidal selection. (usf.edu)

4. The kit according to claim 3, wherein said lubricating medium is a sodium phosphate solution. (google.com)
The stability of ribose and lyxose improved after addition of 40-fold molar excess (relative to a pentose) of sodium silicate or sodium phosphate to the alkaline solution. (springer.com)
The stability was not improved further when an 80-fold molar excess of sodium silicate or sodium phosphate was added. (springer.com)
NovaMin is made of synthetic mineral containing sodium, calcium, phosphorous and silica (sodium calciumphosphosilicate) which are all elements naturally found in the body. (dentist.net)
The effect of insulin on renal handling of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in man. (jci.org)
The effects of insulin on the renal handling of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate were studied in man while maintaining the blood glucose concentration at the fasting level by negative feedback servocontrol of a variable glucose infusion. (jci.org)
An uncontrolled trial reported that sodium thiosulfate reduces formation of calcium kidney stones in humans, but this has not been established in a controlled human study or animal model. (asnjournals.org)
Using the genetic hypercalciuric rat, an animal model of calcium phosphate stone formation, we studied the effect of sodium thiosulfate on urine chemistries and stone formation. (asnjournals.org)
In summary, sodium thiosulfate reduces calcium phosphate stone formation in the genetic hypercalciuric rat. (asnjournals.org)

3. The calcium phosphate cement according to claim 1 , wherein said whiskers or fine crystals have a width ranging from 2 to 70 nm and a length ranging from 5 to 800 nm. (google.com)
16. A process for preparing a calcium phosphate cement comprising mixing a calcium phosphate powder or small pieces of calcium phosphate with a wetting agent, and controlling growth of whiskers or fine crystals of basic calcium phosphate on surfaces of said calcium phosphate powder or small pieces of calcium phosphate by a controlling treatment. (google.com)
Scholzite forms nice bright white tabular crystals and is associated with other rare phosphates. (galleries.com)
The disease is characterised by the presence of calcium phosphate crystals in joint cartilage, which cause inflammation, swelling, reduced articulation & may lead to the destruction of the joint. (sciencephoto.com)
However, there is a challenge associated with engineering nacre-like calcium phosphate crystals. (diva-portal.org)

According to the company, OSSDSIGN Cranioplug is an implant that is used during neurosurgical procedures and it is made from an osteoconductive calcium phosphate ceramic composition reinforced with a titanium mesh plate. (thefreedictionary.com)
The composition comprises an osteogenic protein, a calcium phosphate material as a carrier, and an effective amount of an effervescent agent. (google.ca)
1. A composition for delivery of osteogenic proteins, which comprises an osteogenic protein as a first biologically active agent, a calcium phosphate material as a carrier, and an effective amount of a material that liberates gas upon dissolution in vivo. (google.ca)
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium phosphate material is an amorphous apatitic calcium phosphate. (google.ca)
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the calcium phosphate material is a poorly crystalline apatitic calcium phosphate. (google.ca)
9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the calcium phosphate material has a calcium-to-phosphate ratio of less than 1.50. (google.ca)
10. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the calcium phosphate has a calcium-to-phosphate ratio of about 1.4. (google.ca)
1 . A self-setting, porous calcium phosphate composition comprising a calcium phosphate, an effervescent agent, and a biocompatible cohesiveness agent admixed with a physiologically acceptable fluid, wherein release of a gaseous component of said effervescent agent occurs upon hydration of said composition and produces at least 5% porosity in said composition, and wherein, after hardening, said calcium phosphate composition has a compressive strength of 1 MPa or greater. (google.es)
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein said calcium phosphate has an average crystalline domain size of less than 100 nm. (google.es)
Transformation of ACP to other calcium phosphate phases depended on the pH and on the solution composition. (scientific.net)
9. The calcium phosphate composition of claim 8, wherein said cement further comprises an organic polymer. (freepatentsonline.com)
10. The calcium phosphate composition of claim 9, wherein said organic polymer is a protein. (freepatentsonline.com)
I am afraid I can't help you much - as far as I am aware calcium phosphate systems are quite complicated, with many possible variants of composition, including basic phosphates (hydroxyapatite). (physicsforums.com)

What conditions does Calcium Phosphate Tribasic Tablet treat? (webmd.com)
List Calcium Phosphate Tribasic Tablet side effects by likelihood and severity. (webmd.com)

BoneSync is a fast-setting, drillable calcium phosphate cement. (arthrex.com)
The present invention provides a novel process for producing a calcium phosphate cement or filler which hardens in a temperature dependent fashion in association with an endothermic reaction. (freepatentsonline.com)

Home Key Engineering Materials Progress in Bioceramics Calcium Phosphates / Biphosphonates. (scientific.net)

However, it is the plasma concentrations of ionized calcium and inorganic phosphate that are under hormonal control. (uptodate.com)

Some so-called calcium phosphates contain oxide and hydroxide as well. (wikipedia.org)
In dealing with this problem, my nephrologist first upped the number of Caltrate (calcium) phosphate binders I took, then offered a different type, Alutabs (aluminium hydroxide), made from aluminium. (globaldialysis.com)
Chemistry: (Ca, Fe, Mn) 2 Mg 2 Al 2 (PO 4 ) 4 (OH) 2 - 8H 2 O, Hydrated Calcium Iron Manganese Magnesium Aluminum Phosphate Hydroxide. (galleries.com)

Hardening of the paste occurs rapidly at body temperature an is accompanied by the conversion of one or more of the reactants to poorly crystalline apatitic calcium phosphate. (freepatentsonline.com)

The basic concept involves coating a thin layer of calcium phosphate onto the surface of highly porous ceramic material based on alumina, followed by Zn 2+ incorporation on the coating layer. (scielo.br)

Calcium is an essential mineral you need for many body functions and for the development of bones. (healthline.com)
Calcium is a mineral that is found naturally in foods. (drugs.com)
Global Calcium Phosphate market research report provides company profile for Sichuan Hongda, Jindi Chemical, Yunnan Xinlong, Mianzhu Panlong Mineral, J.R. Simplot Company, Lomon Group, Advance Inorganics, Nitta Gelatin Inc, Raymon Patel Gelatine Pvt. (openpr.com)
Scholzite is a rare zinc phosphate mineral and comes from the classic phosphate mineral locality at Hagendorf, Bavaria, Germany. (galleries.com)

In milk, it exists in a colloidal form in micelles bound to casein protein with magnesium, zinc, and citrate-collectively referred to as colloidal calcium phosphate (CCP). (wikipedia.org)
Of the plasma calcium, roughly 40 percent is bound to albumin, 15 percent is complexed with citrate, sulfate, or phosphate, and 45 percent exists as the physiologically important ionized (or free) calcium. (uptodate.com)
If your product contains calcium citrate , then it may be taken with or without food. (webmd.com)
Calcium citrate and calcium phosphate are different forms of calcium. (livestrong.com)
Calcium citrate and calcium phosphate are common forms of calcium supplements that differ in calcium content, absorption and cost. (livestrong.com)
Calcium citrate and calcium phosphate supplements can increase your dietary intake of calcium. (livestrong.com)
Your body easily absorbs and digests calcium citrate, and it is a good source of calcium, especially if you are elderly. (livestrong.com)
Calcium citrate does not require extra stomach acid to dissolve and absorb into the body, so you can take it on an empty or full stomach. (livestrong.com)
Calcium phosphate costs less than calcium citrate. (livestrong.com)
The investigators will examine in two studies whether citric acid or potassium citrate can reduce calcium phosphate saturation in urine of Calcium Phosphate stone formers. (clinicaltrials.gov)
We will examine in two short-term placebo-controlled cross-over metabolic studies whether citric acid or potassium citrate can reduce calcium phosphate saturation in urine of CaP stone formers. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Urine calcium and phosphorus were higher and urine citrate and volume were lower in the thiosulfate-treated rats, changes that would increase calcium phosphate supersaturation. (asnjournals.org)

In this study, a coprecipitation technique of proteins and calcium phosphate was employed to modify the delivery of proteins from biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics. (uva.nl)

They're made of calcium phosphate, a compound of calcium and phosphorous. (healthline.com)

Overuse of certain forms of calcium phosphate can lead to nutrient-containing surface runoff and subsequent adverse effects upon receiving waters such as algal blooms and eutrophication. (wikipedia.org)
Numerous materials have been devised, as well as various forms of calcium phosphate, to act as supports, substitutes, or interfaces for repairing or replacing the naturally occurring structures. (google.com)

Little is known, however, about whether they are directly involved in the formation of calcium phosphate compounds. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The addition of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (PO 4 ) salts may influence the F release rate and also induce formation of calcium/phosphate/fluoride as persistent F reservoirs. (umich.edu)

The field of this invention is preparation of calcium phosphate minerals for physiological applications. (google.com)
H. Onoda and H. Nakanishi, "Preparation of Calcium Phosphate with Oyster Shells," Natural Resources , Vol. 3 No. 2, 2012, pp. 71-74. (scirp.org)

Excessive calcium intake might contribute to the development of kidney stones and inhibit the absorption of iron and zinc. (livestrong.com)

any of several phosphates of calcium occurring naturally in some rocks and in animal bones, used as a fertilizer and food additive as well as in baking powder and dentifrices. (dictionary.com)

Synthesis of retinyl phosphate mannose and dolichyl phosphate mannose from endogenous and exogenous retinyl phosphate and dolichyl phosphate in microsomal fraction. (portlandpress.com)
The thermal treatment adopted in the synthesis of the calcium phosphate was limited to drying in the stove at temperature of 110 °C for 24 hours. (scielo.br)

Unfortunately, calcium phosphate can be a health problem in the form of kidney stones. (ehow.co.uk)
Anecdotal accounts say that the citric acid in the juice will decrease the number of calcium phosphate kidney stones in the body. (ehow.co.uk)
A study showed that women who drink more black tea have a smaller risk of kidney stones, which includes those formed from calcium phosphates. (ehow.co.uk)
If you have large calcium phosphate deposits or kidney stones, dissolving the deposit will take longer or may not be feasible. (ehow.co.uk)
Taking a higher quantity of calcium phosphate supplements in order to increase the amount of elemental calcium intake can increase your risk of kidney stones. (livestrong.com)
Research by Joan Parks published in "Kidney International" in 2004 showed that the percentage of calcium phosphate in kidney stones has increased for more three decades and that the saturation of calcium phosphate in the stones increases as the intake of calcium phosphate increases. (livestrong.com)
Take calcium supplements in small doses, less than 500 milligrams per dose with at least four hours between doses so you do not consume excessive amounts, which can lead to developing kidney stones. (livestrong.com)
1 Approximately 80% of kidney stones are composed primarily of calcium salts. (asnjournals.org)
23 On a standard rat diet, the kidney stones formed contain only calcium and phosphate. (asnjournals.org)

Should You Take Calcium Phosphate? (healthline.com)
Do not take calcium phosphate or antacids that contain calcium without first asking your doctor if you also take other medicines. (drugs.com)
How should I take calcium phosphate? (drugs.com)
Take calcium phosphate with a full glass of water. (drugs.com)

Antibacterial property expressed by a novel calcium phosphate glass. (nih.gov)

To study and analyze the global Calcium Phosphate consumption (value & volume) by key regions/countries, product type and application, history data from 2013 to 2017, and forecast to 2023. (openpr.com)
Focuses on the key global Calcium Phosphate manufacturers, to define, describe and analyze the sales volume, value, market share, market competition landscape, SWOT analysis and development plans in next few years. (openpr.com)
The Global Calcium Phosphate Market analysis report covers detailed value chain analysis of Global Calcium Phosphate Market. (openpr.com)
The Global Calcium Phosphate Market report explores manufacturer's competitive scenario and provides market share for all major players of this market based on production capacity, sales, revenue, geographical presence and other major factors. (openpr.com)

North America calcium phosphate market is expected to hold over 20% of share in 2017. (fractovia.org)
Calcium Phosphate Dibasic Toothpaste Report by Material, Application, and Geography - Global Forecast to 2022 is a professional and in-depth research report on the world's major regional market conditions, focusing on the main regions (North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific) and the main countries (United States, Germany, united Kingdom, Japan, South Korea and China). (marketresearch.com)

In addition to calcium phosphate, the compositions include an effervescent agent to promote the formation of interconnected pores and a cohesiveness agent to maintain the shape. (google.es)

As routinely measured in the laboratory, the plasma calcium concentration includes all of the calcium in the plasma (free and bound). (uptodate.com)
In general, measuring the total plasma calcium concentration is sufficient since changes in this parameter are usually associated with parallel changes in the ionized concentration. (uptodate.com)
Due to its highly consistent pH and salt concentration, our CalPhos calcium phosphate transfection kit gives you the consistent transfection efficiency that you cannot always achieve with home brew versions. (clontech.com)
There was also a statistically significant but small reduction in plasma phosphate concentration which was not considered sufficient alone to account for the large reduction in UPV. (jci.org)

Crystallography of octacalcium phosphate. (springer.com)
Infra-red spectra of hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate and pyrolysed octacalcium phosphate. (springer.com)

Most of us know that our bones and teeth are made primarily of calcium. (healthline.com)
Does this mean taking calcium phosphate supplements can give you healthier bones ? (healthline.com)
Calcium does more than build strong bones and healthy teeth . (healthline.com)
Phosphorus works with calcium to help build bones. (healthline.com)
Calcium phosphate is welcome in the body, when found in tooth enamel and bones. (ehow.co.uk)
If there is not enough calcium in the blood, then the body will take calcium from bones, thereby weakening bones. (webmd.com)
Having the right amount of calcium is important for building and keeping strong bones. (webmd.com)
Calcium is essential for development and maintenance of bones and teeth and for the proper function of the heart, muscles, nerves and other body systems. (livestrong.com)
Eating foods high in calcium and vitamin D plus exercise on a daily basis are important to maintaining healthy bones, according to the National Osteoporosis Foundation. (livestrong.com)
Development in biomedical sector such as nanomedicine, healing and preventing calcium deficiencies, lower the risk of colorectal cancer and well-built teeth and bones will enhance the industry growth. (fractovia.org)
I'm looking forward to two main benefits: reduced itchiness (which is happening, I don't use the creams anymore) and my bones recovering the calcium that has been leached from them over the last year. (globaldialysis.com)
any of a number of phosphates of calcium found in bones, teeth , etc. and used in medicine and in the manufacture of enamels , glass , cleaning agents , etc. (collinsdictionary.com)

Historic Data: What was the Calcium Phosphate Market data (Size, competition, company share, YoY growth rate, etc.) from 2013 to 2018. (openpr.com)
The potential application in meat products and animal feed to prevent metabolic diseases, improves milk production thereby drive the calcium phosphate market share from 2018 to 2024. (fractovia.org)

Calcium phosphate transfection method is a very efficient means of introducing DNA into cells in many cell systems. (molecularstation.com)
Calcium Phosphate Transfection Method This calcium phosphate transfection method works best in cell lines that are 1) highly transformed and 2) adherent (Hela, U2OS, SAOS2, AdAH, NPC-KT and obtain from 20% to 100% transfection efficiency depending on the cell line). (molecularstation.com)
Calcium-phosphate-mediated Transfection of Cells with High-molecular-weight Genomic DNA This protocol,is based on the venerable method of Graham and van der Eb (1973). (molecularstation.com)
Calcium-phosphate-mediated Transfection of Eukaryotic Cells with Plasmid DNAs Calcium phosphate forms an insoluble precipitate with DNA, which attaches to the cell surface and is taken into the cells by endocytosis. (molecularstation.com)
1996) who rigorously optimized calcium-phosphate-based transfection methods for Chinese hamster ovary cells and the 293 line of human embryonic kidney cells. (molecularstation.com)
Transfection of Hippocampal Neurons with Plasmid DNA Using Calcium Phosphate Coprecipitation This protocol describes transfection of plasmid DNA into primary hippocampal neurons using DNA/calcium-phosphate (CaPO4) coprecipitation. (molecularstation.com)
Calcium phosphate transfection is one of the most commonly used methods to deliver plasmid DNA into mammalian cells. (clontech.com)
For this reason CalPhos has remained one of the most popular commercially available calcium phosphate transfection kits for over 15 years. (clontech.com)
Someone knows a Calcium Phosphate Transfection Protocol for CV1 CELLS (African Green Monkey kidney cells), it would be very helpful. (protocol-online.org)

The preparations were obtained from solutions with phosphate/pyrophosphate ratio, P/P2 = 7/3, and characterized as ACP using X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and differential thermal analysis. (scientific.net)

Effects of LDL, cholesterol, and their oxidized forms on the precipitation kinetics of calcium phosphates. (sigmaaldrich.com)
We used the pH-stat technique to follow the kinetics of calcium phosphate precipitation at pH 7.4, 37 degrees C, and ionic strength 0.150 mol/L, in the presence or absence of LDL, oxidized LDL, cholesterol, cholestane-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol, and cholesteryl linoleate. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Calcium phosphate is deliquescent, and will dissolve in the water it absorbs from the atmosphere if it is not kept in a closed container. (dictionary.com)
Use an acid to dissolve calcium phosphate outside the body. (ehow.co.uk)

2017. "Tribological Investigation of Layered Zirconium Phosphate in Anhydrous Calcium Grease. (mdpi.com)
Calcium Phosphate Market to witness profound gains over 2017-2024. (fractovia.org)

The new RESOMER[R] composites combine the osteoconductive properties of calcium phosphate with RESOMER biopolymers in pellets that are easy to process and radiolucent to avoid potential interference with X-ray equipment. (thefreedictionary.com)
These composites, made ofamorphous calcium phosphate embedded inpolymers, can efficiently promote the regrowthof tooth structures. (federallabs.org)
ii) injectable, ready-to-use organic-inorganic composites with partly elastomeric compression behavior were designed based on silk fibroin hydrogels and acidic calcium phosphates, and their ability for antibiotic drug delivery was assessed. (diva-portal.org)

Serum is a metastable solution from which calcium phosphate precipitates in the presence of calcifiable templates such as collagen, elastin and cell debris. (nih.gov)

It was not formed in the sea, thus very low in radioactive nuclides and non-nutrient metals compared to rock phosphate. (greenpeople.org)

I've had an annoying excess phosphate/calcium problem for about a year. (globaldialysis.com)

Anatomy8

Organisms3

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs94

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

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Health Care1

Dietary calcium phosphate stimulates intestinal lactobacilli and decreases the severity of a salmonella infection in rats. (1/929)

Intracellular calcium responses to basic calcium phosphate crystals in fibroblasts. (2/929)

Calcium ions as efficient cofactor of polycation-mediated gene transfer. (3/929)

Development of calcium phosphate cement for rapid crystallization to apatite. (4/929)

Essential arterial hypertension and stone disease. (5/929)

Clinical and biochemical correlates of starting "daily" hemodialysis. (6/929)

Method of transfection affects the cAMP-mediated induction of the RIIbeta subunit of protein kinase A in Sertoli cells: inhibition of response by increase in intracellullar calcium. (7/929)

Implanted octacalcium phosphate (OCP) stimulates osteogenesis by osteoblastic cells and/or committed osteoprogenitors in rat calvarial periosteum. (8/929)

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Calcium Phosphates

Phosphates

Calcium Signaling

Durapatite

Bone Substitutes

Apatites

Bone Cements

Nanocomposites

Calcium, Dietary

Calcium Channels

Calcium Carbonate

Calcium Oxalate

Materials Testing

Ceramics

Calcium Pyrophosphate

Kidney Calculi

Calcification, Physiologic

Tooth Remineralization

Sugar Phosphates

Biocompatible Materials

Glucose-6-Phosphate

Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases

Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Crystallization

Calcium Chloride

Phosphorus

Hydroxyapatites

Dental Cements

Bone Regeneration

Chemical Precipitation

X-Ray Diffraction

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Cariostatic Agents

Inositol Phosphates

Calcium Compounds

Osteogenesis

Kinetics

Calcium Isotopes

Amelogenin

Electron Probe Microanalysis

Dental Pulp Capping

Tissue Scaffolds

Coated Materials, Biocompatible

Microradiography

Minerals

Tooth Demineralization

Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Porosity

Nanoparticles

Calcinosis

Dental Enamel

Surface Properties

Tissue Engineering

Alkaline Phosphatase

Magnesium

Bone and Bones

Cells, Cultured

Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate

Polymethacrylic Acids

Chitosan

Silicates

Calcium Channels, L-Type

Saliva, Artificial

Osseointegration

Pliability

Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Citrates

Calcium Fluoride

Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase

Calcium

Calcium Gluconate

Diphosphates

Biomimetic Materials

Methacrylates

Calcium Sulfate

Compressive Strength

Electroplating

Magnesium Compounds

Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate

Phosphate Transport Proteins