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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesCalmodulinProtein KinasesPhosphorylationCalciumProtein Kinase CMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesMAP Kinase Kinase KinasesCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesEnzyme ActivationProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1Signal TransductionProtein Kinase InhibitorsMAP Kinase Signaling SystemCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase KinaseMAP Kinase Kinase 1Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesMolecular Sequence DataPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesAmino Acid SequenceCalcium SignalingEnzyme InhibitorsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesMAP Kinase Kinase 4MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesKineticsCells, CulturedProtein BindingCyclic GMP-Dependent Protein KinasesMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3Cell LineMAP Kinase Kinase 3Cyclic AMPMAP Kinase Kinase 2BenzylaminesMAP Kinase Kinase 6IsoenzymesMAP Kinase Kinase 7Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4Protein-Tyrosine KinasesBinding SitesCalmodulin-Binding ProteinsSporothrixeIF-2 KinaseMyosin-Light-Chain Kinase1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-MethylpiperazineTetradecanoylphorbol AcetateBase Sequencesrc-Family KinasesSulfonamidesCattleExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesSubstrate SpecificityCalcium-Binding ProteinsMutationParamecium tetraureliaFlavonoidsBlotting, WesternSequence Homology, Amino AcidProtein Kinase C-alphaButadienesTransfectionTrifluoperazineProtein Structure, TertiaryAMP-Activated Protein KinasesRats, Sprague-DawleyNaphthalimidesSerinePhosphoprotein PhosphatasesMAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 4IsoquinolinesRecombinant ProteinsProtein Kinase C-deltaDeath-Associated Protein KinasesMAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5ApoptosisPhosphoproteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsProto-Oncogene ProteinsRNA, MessengerCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic SubunitsCDC2 Protein KinaseCalcium ChannelsDose-Response Relationship, DrugAdenosine TriphosphateCyclic GMPCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type IIGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicNitrilesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktModels, BiologicalTime FactorsRabbitsRibosomal Protein S6 KinasesMAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 3Neurons
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
A multifunctional calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subtype that occurs as an oligomeric protein comprised of twelve subunits. It differs from other enzyme subtypes in that it lacks a phosphorylatable activation domain that can respond to CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE KINASE.
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
A CALMODULIN-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins. This enzyme is also sometimes dependent on CALCIUM. A wide range of proteins can act as acceptor, including VIMENTIN; SYNAPSINS; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE; MYOSIN LIGHT CHAINS; and the MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p277)
Calmodulin
A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight activator protein found mainly in the brain and heart. The binding of calcium ions to this protein allows this protein to bind to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and to adenyl cyclase with subsequent activation. Thereby this protein modulates cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels.
Protein Kinases
A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein.
Phosphorylation
The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.
Protein Kinase C
An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases
A serine-threonine protein kinase family whose members are components in protein kinase cascades activated by diverse stimuli. These MAPK kinases phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES and are themselves phosphorylated by MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES. JNK kinases (also known as SAPK kinases) are a subfamily.
MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) are serine-threonine protein kinases that initiate protein kinase signaling cascades. They phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES; (MAPKKs) which in turn phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; (MAPKs).
Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
A group of enzymes that are dependent on CYCLIC AMP and catalyze the phosphorylation of SERINE or THREONINE residues on proteins. Included under this category are two cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase subtypes, each of which is defined by its subunit composition.
Enzyme Activation
Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.
Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases
A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1
A monomeric calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subtype that is expressed in a broad variety of mammalian cell types. Its expression is regulated by the action of CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE KINASE. Several isoforms of this enzyme subtype are encoded by distinct genes.
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
Protein Kinase Inhibitors
Agents that inhibit PROTEIN KINASES.
MAP Kinase Signaling System
An intracellular signaling system involving the MAP kinase cascades (three-membered protein kinase cascades). Various upstream activators, which act in response to extracellular stimuli, trigger the cascades by activating the first member of a cascade, MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES; (MAPKKKs). Activated MAPKKKs phosphorylate MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES which in turn phosphorylate the MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; (MAPKs). The MAPKs then act on various downstream targets to affect gene expression. In mammals, there are several distinct MAP kinase pathways including the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway, the SAPK/JNK (stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun kinase) pathway, and the p38 kinase pathway. There is some sharing of components among the pathways depending on which stimulus originates activation of the cascade.
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase
A regulatory calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that specifically phosphorylates CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE 1; CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE 2; CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE 4; and PROTEIN KINASE B. It is a monomeric enzyme that is encoded by at least two different genes.
MAP Kinase Kinase 1
An abundant 43-kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase subtype with specificity for MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 and MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
A superfamily of PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES that are activated by diverse stimuli via protein kinase cascades. They are the final components of the cascades, activated by phosphorylation by MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASES, which in turn are activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP KINASE KINASE KINASES).
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
Phosphotransferases that catalyzes the conversion of 1-phosphatidylinositol to 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Many members of this enzyme class are involved in RECEPTOR MEDIATED SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION and regulation of vesicular transport with the cell. Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases have been classified both according to their substrate specificity and their mode of action within the cell.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Calcium Signaling
Signal transduction mechanisms whereby calcium mobilization (from outside the cell or from intracellular storage pools) to the cytoplasm is triggered by external stimuli. Calcium signals are often seen to propagate as waves, oscillations, spikes, sparks, or puffs. The calcium acts as an intracellular messenger by activating calcium-responsive proteins.
Enzyme Inhibitors
Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1
A proline-directed serine/threonine protein kinase which mediates signal transduction from the cell surface to the nucleus. Activation of the enzyme by phosphorylation leads to its translocation into the nucleus where it acts upon specific transcription factors. p40 MAPK and p41 MAPK are isoforms.
p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that regulates a variety of cellular processes including CELL GROWTH PROCESSES; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; APOPTOSIS; and cellular responses to INFLAMMATION. The P38 MAP kinases are regulated by CYTOKINE RECEPTORS and can be activated in response to bacterial pathogens.
MAP Kinase Kinase 4
A mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase with specificity for JNK MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES; P38 MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES and the RETINOID X RECEPTORS. It takes part in a SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway that is activated in response to cellular stress.
MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1
A 195-kDa MAP kinase kinase kinase with broad specificity for MAP KINASE KINASES. It is found localized in the CYTOSKELETON and can activate a variety of MAP kinase-dependent pathways.
JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
A subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases that activate TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-1 via the phosphorylation of C-JUN PROTEINS. They are components of intracellular signaling pathways that regulate CELL PROLIFERATION; APOPTOSIS; and CELL DIFFERENTIATION.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Cells, Cultured
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
Protein Binding
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
A group of cyclic GMP-dependent enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of SERINE or THREONINE residues of proteins.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
A 44-kDa extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinase that may play a role the initiation and regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. It phosphorylates a number of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; and MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS.
Cell Line
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
MAP Kinase Kinase 3
A mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase with specificity for a subset of P38 MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES that includes MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 12; MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 13; and MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 14.
Cyclic AMP
An adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH.
MAP Kinase Kinase 2
A 44 kDa mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase with specificity for MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 and MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3.
Benzylamines
Toluenes in which one hydrogen of the methyl group is substituted by an amino group. Permitted are any substituents on the benzene ring or the amino group.
MAP Kinase Kinase 6
A mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase with specificity for P38 MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES.
Isoenzymes
Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.
MAP Kinase Kinase 7
A mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase with specificity for JNK MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES. It takes part in a SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway that is activated in response to CYTOKINES.
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4
A monomeric calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subtype that is primarily expressed in neuronal tissues; T-LYMPHOCYTES and TESTIS. The activity of this enzyme is regulated by its phosphorylation by CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE KINASE.
Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
Protein kinases that catalyze the PHOSPHORYLATION of TYROSINE residues in proteins with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors.
Binding Sites
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
Calmodulin-Binding Proteins
Proteins which bind calmodulin. They are found in many tissues and have a variety of functions including F-actin cross-linking properties, inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and calcium and magnesium ATPases.
Sporothrix
A mitosporic Ophiostomataceae fungal genus, whose species Sporothrix schenckii is a well-known animal pathogen. The conidia of this soil fungus may be inhaled causing a primary lung infection, or may infect independently via skin punctures.
eIF-2 Kinase
A dsRNA-activated cAMP-independent protein serine/threonine kinase that is induced by interferon. In the presence of dsRNA and ATP, the kinase autophosphorylates on several serine and threonine residues. The phosphorylated enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of EUKARYOTIC INITIATION FACTOR-2, leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis.
Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase
An enzyme that phosphorylates myosin light chains in the presence of ATP to yield myosin-light chain phosphate and ADP, and requires calcium and CALMODULIN. The 20-kDa light chain is phosphorylated more rapidly than any other acceptor, but light chains from other myosins and myosin itself can act as acceptors. The enzyme plays a central role in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction.
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine
A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.
Base Sequence
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
src-Family Kinases
A PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE family that was originally identified by homology to the Rous sarcoma virus ONCOGENE PROTEIN PP60(V-SRC). They interact with a variety of cell-surface receptors and participate in intracellular signal transduction pathways. Oncogenic forms of src-family kinases can occur through altered regulation or expression of the endogenous protein and by virally encoded src (v-src) genes.
Sulfonamides
A group of compounds that contain the structure SO2NH2.
Cattle
Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.
Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that is widely expressed and plays a role in regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and post mitotic functions in differentiated cells. The extracellular signal regulated MAP kinases are regulated by a broad variety of CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS and can be activated by certain CARCINOGENS.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Calcium-Binding Proteins
Proteins to which calcium ions are bound. They can act as transport proteins, regulator proteins, or activator proteins. They typically contain EF HAND MOTIFS.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Paramecium tetraurelia
A species of ciliate protozoa. It is used in biomedical research.
Flavonoids
A group of phenyl benzopyrans named for having structures like FLAVONES.
Blotting, Western
Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.
Protein Kinase C-alpha
A cytoplasmic serine threonine kinase involved in regulating CELL DIFFERENTIATION and CELLULAR PROLIFERATION. Overexpression of this enzyme has been shown to promote PHOSPHORYLATION of BCL-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS and chemoresistance in human acute leukemia cells.
Butadienes
Four carbon unsaturated hydrocarbons containing two double bonds.
Transfection
The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.
Trifluoperazine
A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE. It is used as an antipsychotic and an antiemetic.
Protein Structure, Tertiary
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
Intracellular signaling protein kinases that play a signaling role in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism. Their activity largely depends upon the concentration of cellular AMP which is increased under conditions of low energy or metabolic stress. AMP-activated protein kinases modify enzymes involved in LIPID METABOLISM, which in turn provide substrates needed to convert AMP into ATP.
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.
Naphthalimides
Compounds with three fused rings that appear like a naphthalene fused to piperidone or like a benz(de)isoquinoline-1,3-dione (not to be confused with BENZYLISOQUINOLINES which have a methyl separating the naphthyl from the benzyl rings). Members are CYTOTOXINS.
Serine
A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.
Phosphoprotein Phosphatases
A group of enzymes removing the SERINE- or THREONINE-bound phosphate groups from a wide range of phosphoproteins, including a number of enzymes which have been phosphorylated under the action of a kinase. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992)
MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 4
A 180-kDa MAP kinase kinase kinase with specificity for MAP KINASE KINASE 4 and MAP KINASE KINASE 6.
Isoquinolines
A group of compounds with the heterocyclic ring structure of benzo(c)pyridine. The ring structure is characteristic of the group of opium alkaloids such as papaverine. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Recombinant Proteins
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
Protein Kinase C-delta
A ubiquitously expressed protein kinase that is involved in a variety of cellular SIGNAL PATHWAYS. Its activity is regulated by a variety of signaling protein tyrosine kinase.
Death-Associated Protein Kinases
A family of calcium/calmodulin-dependent PROETIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASES. They are ubiquitously expressed in adult and embryonic mammalian tissues, and their functions are tightly related to the early stages of eukaryotic programmed cell death.
MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5
A 150-kDa MAP kinase kinase kinase that may play a role in the induction of APOPTOSIS. It has specificity for MAP KINASE KINASE 3; MAP KINASE KINASE 4; and MAP KINASE KINASE 6.
Apoptosis
One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.
Phosphoproteins
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.
Proto-Oncogene Proteins
Products of proto-oncogenes. Normally they do not have oncogenic or transforming properties, but are involved in the regulation or differentiation of cell growth. They often have protein kinase activity.
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunits
Specific enzyme subunits that form the active sites of the type I and type II cyclic-AMP protein kinases. Each molecule of enzyme contains two catalytic subunits.
CDC2 Protein Kinase
Phosphoprotein with protein kinase activity that functions in the G2/M phase transition of the CELL CYCLE. It is the catalytic subunit of the MATURATION-PROMOTING FACTOR and complexes with both CYCLIN A and CYCLIN B in mammalian cells. The maximal activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 is achieved when it is fully dephosphorylated.
Calcium Channels
Voltage-dependent cell membrane glycoproteins selectively permeable to calcium ions. They are categorized as L-, T-, N-, P-, Q-, and R-types based on the activation and inactivation kinetics, ion specificity, and sensitivity to drugs and toxins. The L- and T-types are present throughout the cardiovascular and central nervous systems and the N-, P-, Q-, & R-types are located in neuronal tissue.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Adenosine Triphosphate
An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
Cyclic GMP
Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II
A cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase subtype primarily found in particulate subcellular fractions. They are tetrameric proteins that contain two catalytic subunits and two type II-specific regulatory subunits.
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in enzyme synthesis.
Nitriles
Organic compounds containing the -CN radical. The concept is distinguished from CYANIDES, which denotes inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE.
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
A protein-serine-threonine kinase that is activated by PHOSPHORYLATION in response to GROWTH FACTORS or INSULIN. It plays a major role in cell metabolism, growth, and survival as a core component of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. Three isoforms have been described in mammalian cells.
Models, Biological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Rabbits
The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.
Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases
A family of protein serine/threonine kinases which act as intracellular signalling intermediates. Ribosomal protein S6 kinases are activated through phosphorylation in response to a variety of HORMONES and INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS. Phosphorylation of RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 by enzymes in this class results in increased expression of 5' top MRNAs. Although specific for RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 members of this class of kinases can act on a number of substrates within the cell. The immunosuppressant SIROLIMUS inhibits the activation of ribosomal protein S6 kinases.
MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 3
A 70-kDa MAPK kinase kinase with specificity for MAP KINASE KINASE 5.
Neurons
The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.
p21-Activated Kinases
A family of serine-threonine kinases that bind to and are activated by MONOMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS such as RAC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS and CDC42 GTP-BINDING PROTEIN. They are intracellular signaling kinases that play a role the regulation of cytoskeletal organization.
Gene Expression Regulation
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.
Mycelium
The body of a fungus which is made up of HYPHAE.
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf
A ubiquitously expressed raf kinase subclass that plays an important role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION. The c-raf Kinases are MAP kinase kinase kinases that have specificity for MAP KINASE KINASE 1 and MAP KINASE KINASE 2.
Casein Kinase II
A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.
Cloning, Molecular
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 2
A 70-kDa MAP kinase kinase kinase with specificity for MAP KINASE KINASE 5. It is activated during the cellular response to GROWTH FACTORS, oxidative stress, and hyperosmotic conditions.
Protein Kinase C-epsilon
A protein kinase C subtype that was originally characterized as a CALCIUM-independent, serine-threonine kinase that is activated by PHORBOL ESTERS and DIACYLGLYCEROLS. It is targeted to specific cellular compartments in response to extracellular signals that activate G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; TYROSINE KINASE RECEPTORS; and intracellular protein tyrosine kinase.
Carrier Proteins
Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.
Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Proteins and peptides that are involved in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION within the cell. Included here are peptides and proteins that regulate the activity of TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS and cellular processes in response to signals from CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. Intracellular signaling peptide and proteins may be part of an enzymatic signaling cascade or act through binding to and modifying the action of other signaling factors.
Protein Kinase C beta
PKC beta encodes two proteins (PKCB1 and PKCBII) generated by alternative splicing of C-terminal exons. It is widely distributed with wide-ranging roles in processes such as B-cell receptor regulation, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, androgen receptor-dependent transcriptional regulation, insulin signaling, and endothelial cell proliferation.
Cell Division
The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.
Tumor Cells, Cultured
Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.
Cytosol
Intracellular fluid from the cytoplasm after removal of ORGANELLES and other insoluble cytoplasmic components.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.
Cell Line, Tumor
A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.
Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I
A cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase subtype that is expressed in SMOOTH MUSCLE tissues and plays a role in regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Two isoforms, PKGIalpha and PKGIbeta, of the type I protein kinase exist due to alternative splicing of its mRNA.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
Protein kinases that control cell cycle progression in all eukaryotes and require physical association with CYCLINS to achieve full enzymatic activity. Cyclin-dependent kinases are regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events.
Transcription, Genetic
The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.
Peptide T
N-(N-(N(2)-(N-(N-(N-(N-D-Alanyl L-seryl)-L-threonyl)-L-threonyl) L-threonyl)-L-asparaginyl)-L-tyrosyl) L-threonine. Octapeptide sharing sequence homology with HIV envelope protein gp120. It is potentially useful as antiviral agent in AIDS therapy. The core pentapeptide sequence, TTNYT, consisting of amino acids 4-8 in peptide T, is the HIV envelope sequence required for attachment to the CD4 receptor.
Nucleotides, Cyclic
Egtazic Acid
A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.
Membrane Proteins
Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.
Immunoblotting
Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.
Casein Kinases
A group of protein-serine-threonine kinases that was originally identified as being responsible for the PHOSPHORYLATION of CASEINS. They are ubiquitous enzymes that have a preference for acidic proteins. Casein kinases play a role in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION by phosphorylating a variety of regulatory cytoplasmic and regulatory nuclear proteins.
Myocardium
The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.
Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIalpha Subunit
A type I cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit that plays a role in confering CYCLIC AMP activation of protein kinase activity. It has a lower affinity for cAMP than the CYCLIC-AMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE RIBETA SUBUNIT.
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Molecular Weight
The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.
Hippocampus
A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Chromones
Cell Membrane
The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Protamine Kinase
An aspect of protein kinase (EC 2.7.1.37) in which serine residues in protamines and histones are phosphorylated in the presence of ATP.
Threonine
An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.
Creatine Kinase
A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
3T3 Cells
Cell lines whose original growing procedure consisted being transferred (T) every 3 days and plated at 300,000 cells per plate (J Cell Biol 17:299-313, 1963). Lines have been developed using several different strains of mice. Tissues are usually fibroblasts derived from mouse embryos but other types and sources have been developed as well. The 3T3 lines are valuable in vitro host systems for oncogenic virus transformation studies, since 3T3 cells possess a high sensitivity to CONTACT INHIBITION.
Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
A class of cellular receptors that have an intrinsic PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE activity.
Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)
A group of enzymes that transfers a phosphate group onto an alcohol group acceptor. EC 2.7.1.
Morpholines
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8
A c-jun amino-terminal kinase that is activated by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Several isoforms of the protein with molecular sizes of 43 and 48 KD exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.
I-kappa B Kinase
A protein serine-threonine kinase that catalyzes the PHOSPHORYLATION of I KAPPA B PROTEINS. This enzyme also activates the transcription factor NF-KAPPA B and is composed of alpha and beta catalytic subunits, which are protein kinases and gamma, a regulatory subunit.
Calcium, Dietary
Calcium compounds used as food supplements or in food to supply the body with calcium. Dietary calcium is needed during growth for bone development and for maintenance of skeletal integrity later in life to prevent osteoporosis.
Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II
A cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase subtype that is expressed predominantly in INTESTINES, BRAIN, and KIDNEY. The protein is myristoylated on its N-terminus which may play a role its membrane localization.
Androstadienes
Derivatives of the steroid androstane having two double bonds at any site in any of the rings.
DNA-Binding Proteins
Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.
HeLa Cells
The first continuously cultured human malignant CELL LINE, derived from the cervical carcinoma of Henrietta Lacks. These cells are used for VIRUS CULTIVATION and antitumor drug screening assays.
Tyrosine
A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.
Catalytic Domain
The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.
Indoles
Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number one carbon adjacent to the benzyl portion, in contrast to ISOINDOLES which have the nitrogen away from the six-membered ring.
Transcription Factors
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.
Precipitin Tests
Serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION occurs when a soluble ANTIGEN reacts with its precipitins, i.e., ANTIBODIES that can form a precipitate.
Pyruvate Kinase
ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase. A phosphotransferase that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the presence of ATP. It has four isozymes (L, R, M1, and M2). Deficiency of the enzyme results in hemolytic anemia. EC 2.7.1.40.
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3
A glycogen synthase kinase that was originally described as a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism. It regulates a diverse array of functions such as CELL DIVISION, microtubule function and APOPTOSIS.
Maleimides
Cell Nucleus
Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
Magnesium
A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
Rats, Wistar
A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.
Phospholipids
Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.
Imidazoles
Compounds containing 1,3-diazole, a five membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms separated by one of the carbons. Chemically reduced ones include IMIDAZOLINES and IMIDAZOLIDINES. Distinguish from 1,2-diazole (PYRAZOLES).
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.
rho-Associated Kinases
A group of intracellular-signaling serine threonine kinases that bind to RHO GTP-BINDING PROTEINS. They were originally found to mediate the effects of rhoA GTP-BINDING PROTEIN on the formation of STRESS FIBERS and FOCAL ADHESIONS. Rho-associated kinases have specificity for a variety of substrates including MYOSIN-LIGHT-CHAIN PHOSPHATASE and LIM KINASES.
Cell Survival
The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.
Gene Expression
The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.
Phosphatidylserines
Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a serine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and serine and 2 moles of fatty acids.
RNA, Small Interfering
Small double-stranded, non-protein coding RNAs (21-31 nucleotides) involved in GENE SILENCING functions, especially RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAi). Endogenously, siRNAs are generated from dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) by the same ribonuclease, Dicer, that generates miRNAs (MICRORNAS). The perfect match of the siRNAs' antisense strand to their target RNAs mediates RNAi by siRNA-guided RNA cleavage. siRNAs fall into different classes including trans-acting siRNA (tasiRNA), repeat-associated RNA (rasiRNA), small-scan RNA (scnRNA), and Piwi protein-interacting RNA (piRNA) and have different specific gene silencing functions.
Plant Proteins
Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which VEGETABLE PROTEINS is available.

Inhibition of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I cascade by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. (1/175)

Several recent studies have shown that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I (CaMKI) is phosphorylated and activated by a protein kinase (CaMKK) that is itself subject to regulation by Ca2+/calmodulin. In the present study, we demonstrate that this enzyme cascade is regulated by cAMP-mediated activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). In vitro, CaMKK is phosphorylated by PKA and this is associated with inhibition of enzyme activity. The major site of phosphorylation is threonine 108, although additional sites are phosphorylated with lower efficiency. In vitro, CaMKK is also phosphorylated by CaMKI at the same sites as PKA, suggesting that this regulatory phosphorylation might play a role as a negative-feedback mechanism. In intact PC12 cells, activation of PKA with forskolin resulted in a rapid inhibition of both CaMKK and CaMKI activity. In hippocampal slices CaMKK was phosphorylated under basal conditions, and activation of PKA led to an increase in phosphorylation. Two-dimensional phosphopeptide mapping indicated that activation of PKA led to increased phosphorylation of multiple sites including threonine 108. These results indicate that in vitro and in intact cells the CaMKK/CaMKI cascade is subject to inhibition by PKA-mediated phosphorylation of CaMKK. The phosphorylation and inhibition of CaMKK by PKA is likely to be involved in modulating the balance between cAMP- and Ca2+-dependent signal transduction pathways.  (+info)

Substrate recognition by Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase. Role of the arg-pro-rich insert domain. (2/175)

Mammalian Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK) has been identified and cloned as an activator for two kinases, CaM kinase I (CaM-KI) and CaM kinase IV (CaM-KIV), and a recent report (Yano, S., Tokumitsu, H., and Soderling, T. R. (1998) Nature 396, 584-587) demonstrates that CaM-KK can also activate and phosphorylate protein kinase B (PKB). In this study, we identify a CaM-KK from Caenorhabditis elegans, and comparison of its sequence with the mammalian CaM-KK alpha and beta shows a unique Arg-Pro (RP)-rich insert in their catalytic domains relative to other protein kinases. Deletion of the RP-domain resulted in complete loss of CaM-KIV activation activity and physical interaction of CaM-KK with glutathione S-transferase-CaM-KIV (T196A). However, CaM-KK autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of a synthetic peptide substrate were normal in the RP-domain mutant. Site-directed mutagenesis of three conserved Arg in the RP- domain of CaM-KK confirmed that these positive charges are important for CaM-KIV activation. The RP- domain deletion mutant also failed to fully activate and phosphorylate CaM-KI, but this mutant was indistinguishable from wild-type CaM-KK for the phosphorylation and activation of PKB. These results indicate that the RP-domain in CaM-KK is critical for recognition of downstream CaM-kinases but not for its catalytic activity (i.e. autophosphorylation) and PKB activation.  (+info)

Ca(2+)/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade in Caenorhabditis elegans. Implication in transcriptional activation. (3/175)

We have recently demonstrated that Caenorhabditis elegans Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CeCaM-KK) can activate mammalian CaM-kinase IV in vitro (Tokumitsu, H., Takahashi, N., Eto, K., Yano, S., Soderling, T.R., and Muramatsu, M. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 15803-15810). In the present study, we have identified and cloned a target CaM-kinase for CaM-KK in C. elegans, CeCaM-kinase I (CeCaM-KI), which has approximately 60% identity to mammalian CaM-KI. CeCaM-KI has 348 amino acid residues with an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa, which is activated by CeCaM-KK through phosphorylation of Thr(179) in a Ca(2+)/CaM-dependent manner, resulting in a 30-fold decrease in the K(m) of CeCaM-KI for its peptide substrate. Unlike mammalian CaM-KI, CeCaM-KI is mainly localized in the nucleus of transfected cells because the NH(2)-terminal six residues ((2)PLFKRR(7)) contain a functional nuclear localization signal. We have also demonstrated that CeCaM-KK and CeCaM-KI reconstituted a signaling pathway that mediates Ca(2+)-dependent phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and CRE-dependent transcriptional activation in transfected cells, consistent with nuclear localization of CeCaM-KI. These results suggest that the CaM-KK/CaM-KI cascade is conserved in C. elegans and is functionally operated both in vitro and in intact cells, and it may be involved in Ca(2+)-dependent nuclear events such as transcriptional activation through phosphorylation of CREB.  (+info)

Regulatory mechanism of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase. (4/175)

Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK) is a novel member of the CaM kinase family, which specifically phosphorylates and activates CaM kinase I and IV. In this study, we characterized the CaM-binding peptide of alphaCaM-KK (residues 438-463), which suppressed the activity of constitutively active CaM-KK (84-434) in the absence of Ca(2+)/CaM but competitively with ATP. Truncation and site-directed mutagenesis of the CaM-binding region in CaM-KK reveal that Ile(441) is essential for autoinhibition of CaM-KK. Furthermore, CaM-KK chimera mutants containing the CaM-binding sequence of either myosin light chain kinases or CaM kinase II located C-terminal of Leu(440), exhibited enhanced Ca(2+)/CaM-independent activity (60% of total activity). Although the CaM-binding domains of myosin light chain kinases and CaM kinase II bind to the N- and C-terminal domains of CaM in the opposite orientation to CaM-KK (Osawa, M., Tokumitsu, H., Swindells, M. B., Kurihara, H., Orita, M., Shibanuma, T., Furuya, T., and Ikura, M. (1999) Nat. Struct. Biol. 6, 819-824), the chimeric CaM-KKs containing Ile(441) remained Ca(2+)/CaM-dependent. This result demonstrates that the orientation of the CaM binding is not critical for relief of CaM-KK autoinhibition. However, the requirement of Ile(441) for autoinhibition, which is located at the -3 position from the N-terminal anchoring residue (Trp(444)) to CaM, accounts for the opposite orientation of CaM binding of CaM-KK compared with other CaM kinases.  (+info)

Studies on the phosphorylation of protein kinase B by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases. (5/175)

Protein kinase B (PKB) was recently reported to be activated on the phosphorylation of Thr(308) by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase alpha (CaM-kinase kinase alpha), suggesting that PKB was regulated through not only the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway but also the Ca(2+)/calmodulin protein kinase pathway. The activation of PKB by CaM-kinase kinase alpha was as high as 300-fold after incubation for 30 min under the phosphorylation conditions, and still increased thereafter, suggesting that the maximal activation of PKB on phosphorylation of the Thr(308) residue is several hundred fold. On the other hand, the V(max) value of CaM-kinase kinase alpha for the phosphorylation of PKB was more than two orders of magnitude lower than that for CaM-kinase IV, although the K(m) values for PKB and CaM-kinase IV were not significantly different, raising the question of whether or not PKB is a physiological substrate of CaM-kinase kinase alpha. Besides CaM-kinase kinase alpha, CaM-kinase II also remarkably activated PKB. However, the specific activities of CaM-kinase kinase alpha and CaM-kinase II as to the activation of PKB were more than three orders of magnitude lower than that of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1).  (+info)

Inhibition of neuronal nitric-oxide synthase by calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIalpha through Ser847 phosphorylation in NG108-15 neuronal cells. (6/175)

We have previously demonstrated that phosphorylation of neuronal nitric-oxide synthase (nNOS) at Ser(847) by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM kinases) attenuates the catalytic activity of the enzyme in vitro (Hayashi Y., Nishio M., Naito Y., Yokokura H., Nimura Y., Hidaka H., and Watanabe Y. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 20597-20602). In the present study we determined that CaM kinase IIalpha (CaM-K IIalpha) can directly phosphorylate nNOS on Ser(847), leading to a reduction of nNOS activity in cells. The phosphorylation abilities of purified CaM kinase Ialpha (CaM-K Ialpha), CaM-K IIalpha, and CaM-kinase IV (CaM-K IV) on Ser(847) were analyzed using the synthetic peptide nNOS-(836-859) (Glu-Glu-Arg-Lys-Ser-Tyr-Lys-Val-Arg-Phe-Asn-Ser-Val-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Ser- Asp-Ser-Arg-Lys-Ser-Ser-Gly) from nNOS as substrate. The relative V(max)/K(m) ratios of CaM kinases for nNOS-(836-859) were found to be as follows: CaM-K IIalpha, 100; CaM-K Ialpha, 54.5; CaM-K IV, 9.1. Co-transfection of constitutively active CaM-K IIalpha1-274 but not inactive CaM-K IIalpha1-274, generated by mutation of Lys(42) to Ala, with nNOS into NG108-15 cells, resulted in increased Ser(847) phosphorylation in the presence of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of protein phosphatase (PP)1 and PP2A, with a concomitant inhibition of NOS enzyme activity. In addition, this latter decrease could be reversed by treatment with exogenous PP2A. Cells expressing mutant nNOS (S847A) proved resistant to phosphorylation and a decrease of NOS activity. Thus, our results indicate that Ca(2+) triggers cross-talk signal transduction between CaM kinase and NO and CaM-K IIalpha phosphorylating nNOS on Ser(847), which in turn decreases the gaseous second messenger NO in neuronal cells.  (+info)

Cerebellar defects in Ca2+/calmodulin kinase IV-deficient mice. (7/175)

The Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase CaMKIV was first identified in the cerebellum and has been implicated in nuclear signaling events that control neuronal growth, differentiation, and plasticity. To understand the physiological importance of CaMKIV, we disrupted the mouse Camk4 gene. The CaMKIV null mice displayed locomotor defects consistent with altered cerebellar function. Although the overall cytoarchitecture of the cerebellum appeared normal in the Camk4(-/-) mice, we observed a significant reduction in the number of mature Purkinje neurons and reduced expression of the protein marker calbindin D28k within individual Purkinje neurons. Western immunoblot analyses of cerebellar extracts also established significant deficits in the phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein at serine-133, a proposed target of CaMKIV. Additionally, the absence of CaMKIV markedly altered neurotransmission at excitatory synapses in Purkinje cells. Multiple innervation by climbing fibers and enhanced parallel fiber synaptic currents suggested an immature development of Purkinje cells in the Camk4(-/-) mice. Together, these findings demonstrate that CaMKIV plays key roles in the function and development of the cerebellum.  (+info)

Human Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta gene encodes multiple isoforms that display distinct kinase activity. (8/175)

Ca(+2)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) are activated upon binding of Ca(+2)/calmodulin. To gain maximal activity, CaMK I and CaMK IV can be further phosphorylated by an upstream kinase, CaMK kinase (CaMKK). We previously isolated cDNA clones encoding human CaMKK beta isoforms that are heterogeneous in their 3'-sequences (Hsu, L.-S., Tsou, A.-P., Chi, C.-W., Lee, C.-H., and Chen, J.-Y. (1998) J. Biomed. Sci. 5, 141-149). In the present study, we examined the genomic organization and transcription of the human CaMKK beta gene. The human CaMKK beta locus spans more than 40 kilobase pairs and maps to chromosome 12q24.2. It is organized into 18 exons and 17 introns that are flanked by typical splice donor and acceptor sequences. Two major species of transcripts, namely the beta1 (5.6 kilobase pairs) and beta2 (2.9 kilobase pairs), are generated through differential usage of polyadenylation sites located in the last and penultimate exons. Additional forms of CaMKK beta transcripts were also identified that resulted from alternative splicing of the internal exons 14 and/or 16. These isoforms display differential expression patterns in human tissues and tumor-derived cell lines. They also exhibit a distinct ability to undergo autophosphorylation and to phosphorylate the downstream kinases CaMK I and CaMK IV. The differential expression of CaMKK beta isoforms with distinct activity further suggests the complexity of the regulation of the CaMKK/CaMK cascade and an important role for CaMKK in the action of Ca(+2)-mediated cellular responses.  (+info)

Molecules | Free Full-Text | 1,2,6-Thiadiazinones as Novel Narrow Spectrum Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase...Molecules | Free Full-Text | 1,2,6-Thiadiazinones as Novel Narrow Spectrum Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase...
We demonstrate for the first time that 4H-1,2,6-thiadiazin-4-one (TDZ) can function as a chemotype for the design of ATP-competitive kinase inhibitors. Using insights from a co-crystal structure of a 3,5-bis(arylamino)-4H-1,2,6-thiadiazin-4-one bound to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2), several analogues were identified with micromolar activity through targeted displacement of bound water molecules in the active site. Since the TDZ analogues showed reduced promiscuity compared to their 2,4-dianilinopyrimidine counter parts, they represent starting points for development of highly selective kinase inhibitors.
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/5/1221/htm
Abstract 29: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Kinase β (CaMKK β) is Neuroprotective in Stroke in Aged Mice | StrokeAbstract 29: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Kinase β (CaMKK β) is Neuroprotective in Stroke in Aged Mice | Stroke
Background: CaMKK β is a major kinase activated by elevated levels of intracellular calcium. Our previous data has suggested that CaMKK β is neuroprotective after stroke in young mice as inhibition of this kinase aggravated stroke outcome. As aging is an important determinant of stroke outcomes, here we evaluated the functional role of CaMKK β in stroke in aged mice.. Methods: Aged wild type (WT) males received intracerebral injections of lentiviral vectors carrying either CaMKK β (LV-CaMKK β) or GFP (LV-GFP) 7 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO, 90 minutes). Acute infarcts and neurological deficits scores were then analyzed at 72 hours post MCAO. In chronic survival studies, aged male CaMKK β knockout (KO) and WT mice were subjected to 60 minutes MCAO. Following stroke, long-term behavioral assessments were continuously performed for 3 weeks in KO and WT mice until the sacrifice for tissue loss assessments.. Results: Baseline levels of CaMKK β in aged brain were ...
http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/46/Suppl_1/A29
Pesquisa | Portal Regional da BVSPesquisa | Portal Regional da BVS
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of death and disability in neonates. HI leads to a dramatic rise in intracellular calcium levels, which was originally thought to be detrimental to the brain. However, it has been increasingly recognized that this calcium signaling may also play an important protective role after injury by triggering endogenous neuroprotective pathways. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase ß (CaMKK ß) is a major kinase activated by elevated levels of intracellular calcium. Here we evaluated the functional role of CaMKK ß in neonatal mice after HI in both acute and chronic survival experiments. Postnatal day ten wild-type (WT) and CaMKK ß knockout (KO) mouse male pups were subjected to unilateral carotid artery ligation, followed by 40 min of hypoxia (10% O2 in N2). STO-609, a CaMKK inhibitor, was administered intraperitoneally to WT mice at 5 minutes after HI. TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride monohydrate) staining was used to assess ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/?lang=pt&q=mh:%22Naftalimidas/farmacologia%22
OriGene - Camkk1 (NM 031662) Human ORF cDNA CloneOriGene - Camkk1 (NM 031662) Human ORF cDNA Clone
Camkk1 - Camkk1 (Myc-DDK-tagged ORF) - Rat calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 1, alpha (Camkk1), (10 ug) available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
http://www.origene.com/Rat_ORF/RR209979.aspx
May | 2013 | CARS signal
This serineethreonine kinase is primarily activated in response to an increase during the AMP ATP ratio within the cell and it is actually phosphorylated at Thr while in the catalytic subunit by upstream kinases such as Liver Kinase B or calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase beta . Additionally, AMPK may also be activated by a variety of pharmacological agents, like metformin which is applied during the therapy of metabolic ailments such as style diabetes and obesity . AMPK activation reprograms cellular metabolism and enforces metabolic checkpoints by acting on mTOR complex , p and other molecules . Particularly, AMPK acts to restore cellular power balance by marketing ATP making processes, such as fatty acid beta oxidation, and simultaneously by inhibiting ATP consuming processes, such as fatty acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis and protein synthesis. That is initially attained by direct phosphorylation of some critical metabolic enzymes and subsequently by modulation of gene expression . ...
https://casr-signal.com/2013/05
Nutrient Sensing, Autophagy, and Diabetic Nephropathy | DiabetesNutrient Sensing, Autophagy, and Diabetic Nephropathy | Diabetes
AMPK is a ubiquitously expressed heterotrimeric kinase that plays a key role in cellular energy homeostasis (2). AMPK consists of an α, a β, and a γ subunit and is activated by the upstream kinases such as calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) and serine/threonine kinase 11 (LKB1) via phosphorylation of threonine residue 172 (47). Activation of AMPK by CaMKK and LKB1 is dependent, respectively, on intracellular calcium and the AMP:ATP ratio (47). During energy-depleted conditions, intracellular concentrations of AMP rise while ATP levels fall, leading to increased activation of AMPK and phosphorylation of its multiple substrates to enhance catabolism and suppress anabolic energy consumption. In excess energy states, reduced AMPK activation stimulates protein synthesis, cell growth, and storage. AMPK activity is also independently regulated by circulating hormones and cytokines, including bradykinin and the adipokines leptin and adiponectin (2,47). AMPK is also induced by ...
https://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/61/1/23?ijkey=9cfca3e1f45804e86d257cdbe1d1c1999888a10c&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
AMPK: keeping the (power)house in order? | Neuronal SignalingAMPK: keeping the (power)house in order? | Neuronal Signaling
The metabolic sensor, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase existing as a heterotrimer of catalytic (α1/α2) and regulatory subunits (β1/β2 and γ1/γ2/γ3). The 12 possible heterotrimers exhibit tissue and potentially functional specificity [8], and all can be activated by binding of AMP/ADP to the AMPKγ subunit and phosphorylation by one of two upstream kinases, liver kinase B (LKB)1 or calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK)β. AMPK is activated in response to depletion of ATP or alterations in intracellular calcium concentrations, and acts to shut down ATP-consuming, anabolic pathways and promoting ATP-generating, catabolic pathways [9].. As a monitor of cellular and whole body energy status [10], it is probably unsurprising that a recent elegant study in Science from Reuben Shaws laboratory places AMPK at the heart of the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. Using CRISPR modification to delete AMPKα1 and/or AMPKα2 in vitro, they ...
http://www.neuronalsignaling.org/content/1/2/NS20160020
Using the fluorescent properties of STO-609 as a tool to assist structure-function analyses of recombinant CaMKK2. - Nuffield...
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) has been implicated in the regulation of metabolic activity in cancer and immune cells, and affects whole-body metabolism by regulating ghrelin-signalling in the hypothalamus. This has led to efforts to develop specific CaMKK2 inhibitors, and STO-609 is the standardly used CaMKK2 inhibitor to date. We have developed a novel fluorescence-based assay by exploiting the intrinsic fluorescence properties of STO-609. Here, we report an in vitro binding constant of KD ∼17 nM between STO-609 and purified CaMKK2 or CaMKK2:Calmodulin complex. Whereas high concentrations of ATP were able to displace STO-609 from the kinase, GTP was unable to achieve this confirming the specificity of this association. Recent structural studies on the kinase domain of CaMKK2 had implicated a number of amino acids involved in the binding of STO-609. Our fluorescent assay enabled us to confirm that Phe(267) is critically important for this association since mutation of this
https://www.nds.ox.ac.uk/publications/817488
Kelly Rogers | Structure and function of voltage-gated sodium channelsKelly Rogers | Structure and function of voltage-gated sodium channels
FVII, factor VII; FX, factor X; FXa, factor X activated; TF, tissue factor; PAR1, protease-activated receptor 1; TRPC, transient receptor potential canonical; PLC, phospholipase C; PKC, protein kinase C; CaMKKB, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase B; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial cadherin; vWF, von Willebrand factor; WBP, Weibel-Palade bodies; Sirt1, sirtuin 1; FoxO1, forkhead box protein O1; ox-LDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Poor vascular integrity contributes to the TME. in cancer treatment. In this review, we aim to bring to light possible new areas of cancer investigation and elucidate strategies for future therapeutic intervention. fusion with endosomes and subsequently with lysosomes to form a degradative autolysosome (64, 65). Maturation and autophagosome-lysosome fusion requires several proteins including Rab GTPases, membrane-tethering complexes and soluble ...
http://rfemmr.org/author/editor/
Data for the co-expression and purification of human recombinant CaMKK2 in complex with calmodulin in Escherichia coli. -...
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) has been implicated in a range of conditions and pathologies from prostate to hepatic cancer. Here, we describe the expression in Escherichia coli and the purification protocol for the following constructs: full-length CaMKK2 in complex with CaM, CaMKK2 apo, CaMKK2 (165-501) in complex with CaM, and the CaMKK2 F267G mutant. The protocols described have been optimized for maximum yield and purity with minimal purification steps required and the proteins subsequently used to develop a fluorescence-based assay for drug binding to the kinase, Using the fluorescent properties of STO-609 as a tool to assist structure-function analyses of recombinant CaMKK2 [1].
https://www.nds.ox.ac.uk/publications/817476
CaM-kinase kinase 1 | definition of CaM-kinase kinase 1 by Medical dictionaryCaM-kinase kinase 1 | definition of CaM-kinase kinase 1 by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of CaM-kinase kinase 1 in the Medical Dictionary? CaM-kinase kinase 1 explanation free. What is CaM-kinase kinase 1? Meaning of CaM-kinase kinase 1 medical term. What does CaM-kinase kinase 1 mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/CaM-kinase+kinase+1
KEGG PATHWAY: AMPK signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)KEGG PATHWAY: AMPK signaling pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine threonine kinase that is highly conserved through evolution. AMPK system acts as a sensor of cellular energy status. It is activated by increases in the cellular AMP:ATP ratio caused by metabolic stresses that either interfere with ATP production (eg, deprivation for glucose or oxygen) or that accelerate ATP consumption (eg, muscle contraction). Several upstream kinases, including liver kinase B1 (LKB1), calcium/calmodulin kinase kinase-beta (CaMKK beta), and TGF-beta-activated kinase-1 (TAK-1), can activate AMPK by phosphorylating a threonine residue on its catalytic alpha-subunit. Once activated, AMPK leads to a concomitant inhibition of energy-consuming biosynthetic pathways, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis, and activation of ATP-producing catabolic pathways, such as fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis ...
https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/hsa04152
Plus itPlus it
Here we show that BBR has a similar effect to metformin and rosiglitazone to inhibit respiratory complex I, consistent with previous studies (14-18). These data highlight the importance of complex I as a diabetes target. Inhibition of complex I is likely the main mechanism by which BBR activates AMPK, since we did not observe selective activation of either CAMKKβ or LKB1 by BBR. These findings are consistent with a recent model proposing a major role for AMPK regulation at the level of the AMPK phosphatase in response to metabolic stress (19,20). Finally, we have also identified a novel BBR derivative that displays improved in vivo efficacy, thus paving a path for future drug development in this area.. The use of LKB1−/− MEFs and the CAMKK inhibitor STO-609 has provided novel insights into the actions of BBR. We observed robust activation of AMPK in LKB1−/− MEFs by BBR, an effect that could be blocked by pretreatment with STO-609. Conversely in L6 myotubes, which express both LKB1 and ...
http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/57/5/1414
Involvement of PCNK in CaMKIα phosphorylation.MCF-7 ce | Open-iInvolvement of PCNK in CaMKIα phosphorylation.MCF-7 ce | Open-i
Involvement of PCNK in CaMKIα phosphorylation.MCF-7 cells were transfected with siRNA targeting PNCK or control siRNA (NT1) and 72 h later, cells were exposed
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC3066211_pone.0018261.g005&req=4
S-EPMC2838330 - AMP-activated protein kinase signaling activation by resveratrol modulates amyloid-beta peptide metabolism. -...
Alzheimer disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide deposition into cerebral amyloid plaques. The natural polyphenol resveratrol promotes anti-aging pathways via the activation of several metabolic sensors, including the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Resveratrol also lowers Abeta levels in cell lines; however, the underlying mechanism responsible for this effect is largely unknown. Moreover, the bioavailability of resveratrol in the brain remains uncertain. Here we show that AMPK signaling controls Abeta metabolism and mediates the anti-amyloidogenic effect of resveratrol in non-neuronal and neuronal cells, including in mouse primary neurons. Resveratrol increased cytosolic calcium levels and promoted AMPK activation by the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-beta. Direct pharmacological and genetic activation of AMPK lowered extracellular Abeta accumulation, whereas AMPK inhibition reduced the effect of resveratrol on Abeta
https://www.omicsdi.org/dataset/biostudies/S-EPMC2838330
LATS1 | Targeting NRAS in Melanoma and Acute Myelogenous LeukemiaLATS1 | Targeting NRAS in Melanoma and Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is normally a bioactive phospholipid that affects several biological functions such as for example cell proliferation migration and survival coming from LPA receptors. with cell migration in ovarian cancers cells. We discovered that LPA resulted in a striking upsurge in AMPK phosphorylation in pathways relating to the phospholipase C-β3 (PLC-β3) and calcium mineral/calmodulin-dependent proteins kinase kinase Roscovitine β (CaMKKβ) in SKOV3 ovarian cancers cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown of AMPKα1 PLC-β3 or (CaMKKβ) impaired the stimulatory ramifications of LPA on cell migration. Furthermore we discovered that knockdown of AMPKα1 abrogated LPA-induced activation of the tiny GTPase RhoA and ezrin/radixin/moesin protein regulating membrane dynamics as membrane-cytoskeleton linkers. In ovarian cancers xenograft choices knockdown of AMPK decreased peritoneal dissemination and lung metastasis significantly. Taken jointly our results claim that activation of AMPK by ...
http://scienceofgreathealth.com/tag/lats1/
CaM-kinase II alpha chain | definition of CaM-kinase II alpha chain by Medical dictionaryCaM-kinase II alpha chain | definition of CaM-kinase II alpha chain by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of CaM-kinase II alpha chain in the Medical Dictionary? CaM-kinase II alpha chain explanation free. What is CaM-kinase II alpha chain? Meaning of CaM-kinase II alpha chain medical term. What does CaM-kinase II alpha chain mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/CaM-kinase+II+alpha+chain
KEGG PATHWAY: AMPK signaling pathway - Capra hircus (goat)
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine threonine kinase that is highly conserved through evolution. AMPK system acts as a sensor of cellular energy status. It is activated by increases in the cellular AMP:ATP ratio caused by metabolic stresses that either interfere with ATP production (eg, deprivation for glucose or oxygen) or that accelerate ATP consumption (eg, muscle contraction). Several upstream kinases, including liver kinase B1 (LKB1), calcium/calmodulin kinase kinase-beta (CaMKK beta), and TGF-beta-activated kinase-1 (TAK-1), can activate AMPK by phosphorylating a threonine residue on its catalytic alpha-subunit. Once activated, AMPK leads to a concomitant inhibition of energy-consuming biosynthetic pathways, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis, and activation of ATP-producing catabolic pathways, such as fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?chx04152+102189015
Aging | CTRP13 attenuates the expression of LN and CAV-1 Induced by high glucose via CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway in rLSECs -...
Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of CTRP13 on hepatic sinusoidal capillarization induced by high glucose in rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (rLSECs).Results: CTRP13 was reduced in high glucose-treated rLSECs. High glucose increased LN and CAV-1 expression and inhibited CaMKKβ and AMPK phosphorylation. CTRP13 overexpression protected rLSECs against high glucose-induced increase of LN and CAV-1 expression. Moreover, CTRP13 overexpression increased high glucose-induced inhibition of CaMKKβ and AMPK activation in CTRP13-overexpressing rLSECs. Inhibition of CaMKKβ and AMPK disturbed the protective effects of CTRP13 in high glucose-induced increase of LN and CAV-1. Hepatic steatosis was enhanced and basement membrane was thickened in liver of diabetic fatty liver rats.Conclusions: Our data identified the protective role of CTRP13 in hepatic sinusoidal capillarization induced by high glucose via activating CAMKKβ/AMPK pathway. CTRP13 may be a potential target
https://www.aging-us.com/figure/103234/f4
Recombinant Protein - CaMKK beta (1 - 541) | MRC-PPU ReagentsRecombinant Protein - CaMKK beta (1 - 541) | MRC-PPU Reagents
Due to the current situation with Covid 19 this facility is currently closed and all staff are working from home. Although we will be checking emails regularly, there may be a longer delay than usual in replying.. ...
http://mrcppureagents.dundee.ac.uk/reagents-view-proteins/585506
That Championship Season EssayThat Championship Season Essay
Professional essays on That Championship Season. Authoritative academic resources for essays, homework and school projects on That Championship Season.
http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-championshipseason/essay3.html
Human Calcium/calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase IV (CAMK4) Protein (His tag), Recombinant | ABIN668012Human Calcium/calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase IV (CAMK4) Protein (His tag), Recombinant | ABIN668012
Recombinant Calcium/calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase IV (CAMK4) Protein (His tag). Spezies: Human. Quelle: Escherichia coli (E. coli). Jetzt Produkt ABIN668012 bestellen.
http://www.antikoerper-online.de/protein/668012/Calcium/calmodulin-Dependent+Protein+Kinase+IV+CAMK4+AA+1-473+protein+His+tag/
THU0057 Kn-93, an Inhibitor of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Iv, Promotes Generation and Function of Foxp3+...THU0057 Kn-93, an Inhibitor of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Iv, Promotes Generation and Function of Foxp3+...
Results We show that culture of MRL/lpr Foxp3-GFP T cells in the presence of KN-93 promotes Treg differentiation in a dose dependent manner (Fig. F). Treatment of MRL/lpr Foxp3-GFP mice with KN-93 results in significant induction of Treg cells in the spleen, peripheral lymph nodes (Fig. B-E) and peripheral blood (Fig. A and B) and this is accompanied by decreased skin and kidney damage. Notably, KN-93 clearly diminishes the accumulation of inflammatory cells along with reciprocally increased Treg cells in target organ.. ...
http://ard.bmj.com/content/73/Suppl_2/195.3
Both inflammatory and classical lipolytic pathways are involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced lipolysis in human adipocytes -...Both inflammatory and classical lipolytic pathways are involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced lipolysis in human adipocytes -...
High fat diet-induced endotoxaemia triggers low-grade inflammation and lipid release from adipose tissue. This study aims to unravel the cellular mechanisms leading to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) effects in human adipocytes. Subcutaneous pre-adipocytes surgically isolated from patients were differentiated into mature adipocytes in vitro. Lipolysis was assessed by measurement of glycerol release and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by real-time PCR. Treatment with LPS for 24 h induced a dose-dependent increase in interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression. At 1?µg/ml LPS, IL-6 and IL-8 were induced to 19.5?±?1.8-fold and 662.7?±?91.5-fold (P?,?0.01 vs basal), respectively. From 100?ng/ml to 1?µg/ml, LPS-induced lipolysis increased to a plateau of 3.1-fold above basal level (P?,?0.001 vs basal). Co-treatment with inhibitors of inhibitory kappa B kinase kinase beta (IKK?) or NF-?B inhibited LPS-induced glycerol release. Co-treatment with the protein kinase A (PKA) ...
https://edoc.unibas.ch/25739/
Cells endothelial - Big Chemical EncyclopediaCells endothelial - Big Chemical Encyclopedia
AMPK can also be activated by a Ca2+-mediated pathway involving phosphorylation at Thr-172 by the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CaMKK 3. CaMKKa and CaMKK 3 were discovered as the upstream kinase for the calmodulin-dependent protein kinases-1 and -IV they both activate AMPK in a Ca2+/ calmodulin-dependent manner in cell-free assays, although CaMKK 3 appears to much more active against AMPK in intact cells. Expression of CaMKKa and CaMKK(3 primarily occurs in neural tissues, but CaMKKp is also expressed in some other cell types. Thus, the Ca2+-mediated pathway for AMPK activation has now been shown to occur in response to depolarization in rat neuronal tissue, in response to thrombin (acting via a Gq-coupled receptor) in endothelial cells, and in response to activation of the T cell receptor in T cells. [Pg.71] ...
https://chempedia.info/info/endothelial_cells/
STO-609 acetate,7-Oxo-7H-benzimidazo[2,1-a]benz[de]isoquinoline-3-carboxylicacidacetate 52029-86-4 H-NMR | C-NMR Spectral...STO-609 acetate,7-Oxo-7H-benzimidazo[2,1-a]benz[de]isoquinoline-3-carboxylicacidacetate 52029-86-4 H-NMR | C-NMR Spectral...
STO-609 acetate,7-Oxo-7H-benzimidazo[2,1-a]benz[de]isoquinoline-3-carboxylicacidacetate 52029-86-4 NMR spectrum, STO-609 acetate,7-Oxo-7H-benzimidazo[2,1-a]benz[de]isoquinoline-3-carboxylicacidacetate H-NMR spectral analysis, STO-609 acetate,7-Oxo-7H-benzimidazo[2,1-a]benz[de]isoquinoline-3-carboxylicacidacetate C-NMR spectral analysis ect.
http://www.molbase.com/en/hnmr_52029-86-4-moldata-88796.html
CAMKK2 Gene - GeneCards | KKCC2 Protein | KKCC2 AntibodyCAMKK2 Gene - GeneCards | KKCC2 Protein | KKCC2 Antibody
Complete information for CAMKK2 gene (Protein Coding), Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 2, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=CAMKK2
Tissue expression of CAMKK1 - Staining in pancreas - The Human Protein AtlasTissue expression of CAMKK1 - Staining in pancreas - The Human Protein Atlas
Expression of CAMKK1 (CAMKKA, DKFZp761M0423, MGC34095) in pancreas tissue. Antibody staining with CAB009111 in immunohistochemistry.
http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000004660-CAMKK1/tissue/pancreas
RCSB PDB - 1MXE: Structure of the Complex of Calmodulin with the Target Sequence of CaMKI Methods Report PageRCSB PDB - 1MXE: Structure of the Complex of Calmodulin with the Target Sequence of CaMKI Methods Report Page
1MXE: Structure of the Complex of Calmodulin with the Target Sequence of Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase I: Studies of the Kinase Activation Mechanism
https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/materialsAndMethods.do?structureId=1MXE
Development - Role of HDAC and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) in control of skeletal myogenesis Pathway Map -...Development - Role of HDAC and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) in control of skeletal myogenesis Pathway Map -...
Wet-lab validated real-time PCR primer assays for your biological pathway of interest. Select your gene target of interest using an interactive pathway map, and select your plate.
https://www.bio-rad.com/en-us/prime-pcr-assays/pathway/development-role-hdac-calcium-calmodulin-dependent-kinase-camk-control-skeletal-myogenesis
Anti-Schaf CAMKK2 Antikörper für Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IHC (p))Anti-Schaf CAMKK2 Antikörper für Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IHC (p))
Top performende anti-Schaf CAMKK2 Antikörper für Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Sections) (IHC (p)) vergleichen & kaufen.
http://www.antikoerper-online.de/ampk-signaling-pathway-15/camkk2-antibody-6390/sheep-ihc-p-214455/
Difference between revisions of Systematics Seminar - EEBedia
pdf,http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/courses/systematicsseminar/restricted/Fujisawa%2C%20Barraclough_2013_Delimiting%20Species%20Using%20Single-Locus%20Data%20and%20the%20Generalized%20Mixed%20Yule%20Coalescent%20Approach%20A%20Revised%20Metho.pdf}}Fujisawa, Barraclough_2013_Delimiting Species Using Single-Locus Data and the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent Approach A Revised Metho. ...
http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/eebedia/index.php?title=Systematics_Seminar&diff=26948&oldid=26934
Difference between revisions of Systematics Seminar - EEBedia
pdf,http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/courses/systematicsseminar/restricted/Fujisawa%2C%20Barraclough_2013_Delimiting%20Species%20Using%20Single-Locus%20Data%20and%20the%20Generalized%20Mixed%20Yule%20Coalescent%20Approach%20A%20Revised%20Metho.pdf}}Fujisawa, Barraclough_2013_Delimiting Species Using Single-Locus Data and the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent Approach A Revised Metho. ...
http://hydrodictyon.eeb.uconn.edu/eebedia/index.php?title=Systematics_Seminar&diff=26934&oldid=26874
PNCK - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1B - Homo sapiens (Human) - PNCK gene & proteinPNCK - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1B - Homo sapiens (Human) - PNCK gene & protein
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase belonging to a proposed calcium-triggered signaling cascade. In vitro phosphorylates CREB1 and SYN1/synapsin I. Phosphorylates and activates CAMK1 (By similarity).
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6P2M8
CAMK2A - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II alpha, isoform CRA a - Homo sapiens (Human) - CAMK2A gene ...CAMK2A - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II alpha, isoform CRA a - Homo sapiens (Human) - CAMK2A gene ...
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7LDD5
calmodulin-dependent protein kinase V Summary Report | CureHuntercalmodulin-dependent protein kinase V Summary Report | CureHunter
calmodulin-dependent protein kinase V: widely distributed in various tissues, involved in calcium-regulated processes; from rat brain; may exist in 40 & 41 kDa isoforms; amino acid sequence has been determined
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC088320-calmodulin-dependent-protein-kinase-V.do
Inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II restores contraction and relaxation in isolated cardiac muscle from type 2...Inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II restores contraction and relaxation in isolated cardiac muscle from type 2...
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click Continue well assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you wont see this message again. Click Find out more for information on how to change your cookie settings ...
https://www.rdm.ox.ac.uk/publications/1082267
OriGene - Camk1g (NM 182842) cDNA CloneOriGene - Camk1g (NM 182842) cDNA Clone
Camk1g - Camk1g (untagged ORF) - Rat calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IG (Camk1g), (10 ug) available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
http://www.origene.com/Rat_cDNA/RN210931.aspx
Most recent papers with the keyword reverse ossification | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword reverse ossification | Read by QxMD
Approximately ten percent of all bone fractures do not heal, resulting in patient morbidity and healthcare costs. However, no pharmacological treatments are currently available to promote efficient bone healing. Inhibition of Ca2+ /calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) reverses age-associated loss of trabecular and cortical bone volume and strength in mice. In the current study, we investigated the role of CaMKK2 in bone fracture healing and show that its pharmacological inhibition using STO-609 accelerates early cellular and molecular events associated with endochondral ossification, resulting in a more rapid and efficient healing of the fracture ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/110584
anti-Camk2d2 antibody | GeneTexanti-Camk2d2 antibody | GeneTex
Camk2d2 antibody (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II delta 2) for IHC-P, WB. Anti-Camk2d2 pAb (GTX124377) is tested in Zebrafish samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.
http://www.genetex.com/Camk2d2-antibody-GTX124377.html
CAMK4 Gene - GeneCards | KCC4 Protein | KCC4 AntibodyCAMK4 Gene - GeneCards | KCC4 Protein | KCC4 Antibody
Complete information for CAMK4 gene (Protein Coding), Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase IV, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=CAMK4
Rock Phosphate Ball Mills
Stone crusher and quarry plant in fujisawa kanagawa japan advanced rock crushing equipment how do stone crusher affect stone crusher and quarry plant in fujisawa kanagawa jap the gulin product line, consisting of more than 30 machines, sets the standard
https://etvbangla.in/29028/rock_phosphate_ball_mills/
Fujisawa F81 Strain Passport - StrainInfo
This Histri was built automatically but not manually verified. As a consequence, the Histri can be incomplete or can contain errors ...
http://www.straininfo.net/strains/44130
KAKEN - Researchers | ISHIDA Toshihiko (50159737)KAKEN - Researchers | ISHIDA Toshihiko (50159737)
Affiliation：Kagawa University,Medicine,Professor,医学部,教授, Research Field：Metabolomics,Orthopaedic surgery,Functional biochemistry,General physiology,Medical systems, Keywords：PREB,insulin,糖尿病,glucose,グルコース,インスリン,CaM-KK,膵β細胞,Gas6,CaMKIV, # of Research Projects：9, # of Research Products：68
https://nrid.nii.ac.jp/nrid/1000050159737/
In Search of the Origin of Our BrainIn Search of the Origin of Our Brain
H. Watanabe, A. Kuhn, M. Fushiki, K. Agata, Y. Kocag z, S. zbek, T. Fujisawa & T.W. Holstein: Sequential actions of -catenin and Bmp pattern the oral nerve net in Nematostella vectensi. Nature Communication 5:5536 (23 December 2014), doi:10.1038/ ...
http://www.uni-protokolle.de/nachrichten/id/290516/
JCM 20050 Strain Passport - StrainInfo
Takarada H, Sekine M, Kosugi H, Matsuo Y, Fujisawa T, Omata S, Kishi E, Shimizu A, Tsukatani N, Tanikawa S, Fujita N, Harayama S ...
http://www.straininfo.net/strains/803026
CiNii Articles - FUJISAWA MASAHIKO
Experimental Studies on the Influence of Surgical Intervention on the Metabolism of Reticuloendothelial System:II. A Study on Changes in the metabolic Function of RES under various conditions of Operation by means of Glycyrrhizin ,sup,59,/sup,Fe Colloid method （1967 ...
https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author?q=FUJISAWA+MASAHIKO
October 2019 - openlabnotebooks.orgOctober 2019 - openlabnotebooks.org
As part of SGC-UNCs scaffold hopping strategy to identify new series of compounds active against CaMKK2, we recently submitted a select number of compounds differing in hinge-binder for CaMKK2 enzyme inhibition assay. The hinge-binders included thienopyridine, furopyridine, quinoline, thienopyrimidines, pyrimidine, N-methyl azaindoles and quinazoline, Figure 1. Others are azaindoles, triazolopyridazine, pyrazolopyridine, imidazopyridine etc. Figure 1: Read More …. ...
https://openlabnotebooks.org/2019/10/
Oklahoma immunization update, 06/2012 :: Documents.OK.GovOklahoma immunization update, 06/2012 :: Documents.OK.Gov
Oklahoma Immunization Update June 2012 PREVENTION and PREPAREDNESS SERVICES IMMUNIZATION SERVICE PLEASE POST & DISTRIBUTE TO ALL NURSING AND MEDICAL STAFF Interim MMR VIS Includes 2D Barcode The MMR vaccine information statement (VIS) has recently been updated and is now available at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis/downloads/vi s-mmr.pdf. This interim VIS has been updated with minor changes throughout, and this new version will be the basis for a final edition, which should be available in several months. This is the first VIS to feature a 2D barcode that is located on the second page. This will allow providers with a 2D barcode reader and the appropriate software to scan the VIS name and edition date into an electronic system such as an electronic medical record or Immunization Information System (IIS), as an OPTIONAL alternative to entering this information manually. For more information, see CDCs VIS barcode webpage at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis/vis-barcodes. htm. Health ...
http://www.digitalprairie.ok.gov/cdm/compoundobject/collection/stgovpub/id/111672/rec/44
Amphetamine activate protein kinase C and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase via NMDA receptor in primary cultures of...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Amphetamine activate protein kinase C and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase via NMDA receptor in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. AU - Wu, Hsueh-Hsia. AU - Lee, Horng-Mo. PY - 1999. Y1 - 1999. M3 - Article. VL - 1. SP - 12. EP - 19. JO - New Taipei Journal of Medicine. JF - New Taipei Journal of Medicine. SN - 1562-4242. ER - ...
https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/amphetamine-activate-protein-kinase-c-and-calciumcalmodulin-depen
Structure and Regulation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesStructure and Regulation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
Close The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the users device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the users data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser. ...
https://www.infona.pl/resource/bwmeta1.element.acs-doi-10_1021_cr0002386
CAMKI Proteins, Antibodies, cDNA Clones Research Reagents | Sino BiologicalCAMKI Proteins, Antibodies, cDNA Clones Research Reagents | Sino Biological
We have professional and advanced research and production capacity for CAMKI reagents production, including Proteins, Antibodies, cDNA Clones,etc. All CAMK1 products are produced in house and quality controlled.
https://kr.sinobiological.com/category/camki
FR 21818 - AdisInsightFR 21818 - AdisInsight
Fujisawa was developing a broad spectrum parenteral carbapenem FR 21818 in preclinical trials in Japan, however, no recent development has been reported. The
http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800006365?error=cookies_not_supported&code=d9953a48-b1ce-45c8-a620-d73aa771d5c3
Molecular Modeling Basics: September 2009Molecular Modeling Basics: September 2009
Most of the movie is one long Jmol script, but it took some post-editing of the resulting recording to smooth the transitions, i.e. remove the lag time when Jmol is computing the surfaces. The coordinates of the reaction and the large nanostructure is taken from Chemtube3D and this site, respectively. I have described how to extract the coordinates from a site using Jmol in a previous post. The orbitals and vibrational modes were computed using GAMESS and RHF/STO-3G ...
http://molecularmodelingbasics.blogspot.se/2009/09/
CAMK1G (gene)CAMK1G (gene)
Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IG is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAMK1G gene. This gene encodes a ... "Entrez Gene: Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IG". Retrieved 2018-08-28. Takemoto-Kimura S, Terai H, Takamoto M, ... protein similar to calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase, however, its exact function is not known. [provided by RefSeq, ... a novel membrane-anchored neuronal Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK)". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (20): 18597-605. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMK1G_(gene)
Myosin light-chain kinaseMyosin light-chain kinase
Robinson A, Colbran R (2013). "Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases". In Lennarz W, Lane D (eds.). Encyclopedia of ... the calcium will bind to calmodulin. After the influx of calcium ions and the binding to calmodulin, pp60 SRC (a protein kinase ... Protein kinase C and ROC Kinase are involved in regulating Calcium ion intake; these Calcium ions, in turn stimulate a MYLK, ... a protein which depolymerizes actin stress fibers. Similar to ROCK, Protein Kinase C regulates MYLK via the CPI-17 protein, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myosin_light-chain_kinase
CASKCASK
This gene is also known by several other names: CMG 2 (CAMGUK protein 2), calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase 3 ... "Entrez Gene: CASK Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (MAGUK family)". Tarpey PS, Smith R, Pleasance E, Whibley ... Zhu ZQ, Wang D, Xiang D, Yuan YX, Wang Y (January 2014). "Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase is involved in ... July 2019). "Deficiency of calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase disrupts the excitatory-inhibitory balance of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CASK
CAMK2DCAMK2D
... calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II delta". Hook SS, Means AR (2001). "Ca2+/CaM-dependent ... Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II delta chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CAMK2D gene. The ... product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ... "Rad and Rad-related GTPases interact with calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (18): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMK2D
CAMK1DCAMK1D
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID is a protein in humans that is encoded by the CAMK1D gene on chromosome 10 ( ... "Entrez Gene: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID". v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches ... Human Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D (CAMK1D)) at the PDBe-KB. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000183049 ... This gene encodes a member of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 1 subfamily of serine/threonine kinases. The encoded ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMK1D
Marina PicciottoMarina Picciotto
Picciotto, M. R.; Czernik, A. J.; Nairn, A. C. (15 December 1993). "Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I. cDNA cloning ... "Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I - cDNA cloning and identification of autophosphorylation site". J. Biol. Chem. ... work with Paul Greengard at Rockefeller University where she cloned the gene for calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 1 ... "Menthol disrupts nicotine's psychostimulant properties in an age and sex-dependent manner in C57BL/6J mice". Behav. Brain Res. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_Picciotto
Catenin beta-1Catenin beta-1
This sudden increase in cytoplasmic calcium activates Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII). Activated CaMKII ... January 2011). "Protein tyrosine kinase 7 has a conserved role in Wnt/β-catenin canonical signalling". EMBO Reports. 12 (1): 43 ... Ren J, Li Y, Kufe D (May 2002). "Protein kinase C delta regulates function of the DF3/MUC1 carcinoma antigen in beta-catenin ... June 1997). "DAP-1, a novel protein that interacts with the guanylate kinase-like domains of hDLG and PSD-95". Genes to Cells. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catenin_beta-1
CAMKCAMK
"CAMK2A calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II alpha [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. ... β CAMKIIδ CAMKIIγ CAMKIII CAMKIV CAMKV CaM kinase like vesicle associated SCAMK Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase ... CAMK, also written as CaMK, is an abbreviation for the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase class of enzymes. CAMKs are ... Hudmon A, Schulman H (2002-06-01). "Neuronal CA2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II: the role of structure and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMK
Tyrosine hydroxylaseTyrosine hydroxylase
... is phosphorylated by the calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. MAPKAPK2 (mitogen-activated-protein kinase-activating ... that are phosphorylated by a variety of protein kinases. Ser40 is phosphorylated by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Ser19 ( ... "Molecular cloning of cDNA coding for brain-specific 14-3-3 protein, a protein kinase-dependent activator of tyrosine and ... Tyrosine hydroxylase is activated by phosphorylation dependent binding to 14-3-3 proteins. Since the 14-3-3 proteins also are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine_hydroxylase
Synaptic stabilizationSynaptic stabilization
Like neuroligins, neurexins possess a PDZ-domain that associates with CASK (Calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase). In ... Cadherins are calcium- dependent, homophilic cell adhesion molecules that form complexes with cytosolic partners known as ... This interaction, mediated by ephrin A3/EphA4 signaling, induces the recruitment and activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 ( ... Components of this complex bind to a number of different scaffolding proteins, phosphotases, kinases, and receptors. Classical ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic_stabilization
Ira TabasIra Tabas
Activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in obesity mediates suppression of hepatic insulin signaling". ... and a calcium-induced apoptosis pathway, which involves an ER calcium-release channel IP3R, a calcium-sensitive protein kinase ... Tabas discovered a calcium-IP3R-CaMKII pathway plays a key role in glucagon-mediated excessive hepatic glucose production, ... One notable finding showed a critical link between the PERK / CHOP branch of the stress Unfolded protein response (UPR) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ira_Tabas
UltrasensitivityUltrasensitivity
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-protein phosphatase 1 switch facilitates specificity in postsynaptic calcium ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), which leads to LTP. The difference in Ca2+ concentration required for a cell ... in the phosphorylation of isocitrate dehydrogenase and in the activation of the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII ... called MAPK kinase, or MAPKK. Similarly, MAPKK is activated by MAPKK kinase, or MAPKKK. These kinases are sequentially ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasensitivity
Liprin-alpha-1Liprin-alpha-1
"Liprinalpha1 degradation by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II regulates LAR receptor tyrosine phosphatase ... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the LAR protein tyrosine phosphatase-interacting protein (liprin) family. ... Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting protein (liprin), alpha 1 has been shown to ... "Entrez Gene: PPFIA1 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting protein (liprin), alpha 1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liprin-alpha-1
AMPA receptorAMPA receptor
"Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation drives synapse-associated protein 97 into spines". The Journal ... is the influx of calcium through the NMDA receptors and the resultant activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ( ... element-binding protein through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent stimulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase ... "Long-term potentiation is associated with an increased activity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II". The Journal of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMPA_receptor
CAMK2BCAMK2B
"Entrez Gene: CAMK2B calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II beta". Walikonis RS, Oguni A, Khorosheva EM, ... The enzyme belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily ... Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II beta chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CAMK2B gene. ... Sequence analyses of human brain calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II". Mol. Biol. Rep. 28 (1): 35-41. doi:10.1023/A: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMK2B
CAMKK1CAMKK1
... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CAMK) subfamily. This protein plays a role in the calcium/calmodulin-dependent (CaM) ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I by calmodulin and by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 273 ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV by Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ia kinase. Phosphorylation of threonine ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase alpha by cAMP-dependent protein kinase: I. Biochemical analysis". J. Biochem. 130 (4 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMKK1
CAMK1CAMK1
Phosphorylation by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C, and calcium/calmodulin protein kinase; identification ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I by calmodulin and by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 273 ... Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I is expressed in many tissues and is a component of a calmodulin-dependent protein ... Calcium/calmodulin directly activates calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I by binding to the enzyme and indirectly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMK1
D1-D2 dopamine receptor heteromerD1-D2 dopamine receptor heteromer
Ng J, Rashid AJ, So CH, O'Dowd BF, George SR (January 2010). "Activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIalpha ... dual functional regulation by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 285 (45): 35092-103. ... Hasbi A, Fan T, Alijaniaram M, Nguyen T, Perreault ML, O'Dowd BF, George SR (December 2009). "Calcium signaling cascade links ... In comparison, signalling of the homologous D5-D2 receptor heteromer involves the influx of extracellular calcium. The D1-D2 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D1–D2_dopamine_receptor_heteromer
Mental retardation and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasiaMental retardation and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia
This gene provides instructions for making calcium/calmodulin dependent serine protein kinase (CASK), a protein that is ... "Deficiency of calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase disrupts the excitatory-inhibitory balance of synapses by down ... a novel dlg/PSD95 homolog with an N-terminal calmodulin-dependent protein kinase domain identified by interaction with ... a novel dlg/PSD95 homolog with an N-terminal calmodulin-dependent protein kinase domain identified by interaction with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_retardation_and_microcephaly_with_pontine_and_cerebellar_hypoplasia
CAMKK2CAMKK2
... calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2, beta". "CAMK1 - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1 ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV by Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ia kinase. Phosphorylation of threonine ... July 2005). "Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-beta is an alternative upstream kinase for AMP-activated protein kinase ... and to the Ca++/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. This protein plays a role in the calcium/calmodulin-dependent ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMKK2
CAMK4CAMK4
Phosphorylation by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C, and calcium/calmodulin protein kinase; identification ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I by calmodulin and by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 273 ... and activation of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV by Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ia kinase. ... 2001). "Human Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta gene encodes multiple isoforms that display distinct kinase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMK4
Biotic stressBiotic stress
In an experiment using virus-induced gene silencing of two calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) in a wild tobacco ( ... are turned on by Ca2+ dependent protein kinases. In Arabidopsis, over expression of the IQD1 calmodulin-binding transcriptional ... This increase in cytosolic concentration activates target proteins such as Calmodulin and other binding proteins. Downstream ... When fatty acid amides are present in insect saliva, the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are activated. These genes ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotic_stress
NMDA receptorNMDA receptor
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases Laube B, Hirai H, Sturgess M, Betz H, Kuhse J (March 1997). "Molecular ... which contain residues that can be directly modified by a series of protein kinases and protein phosphatases, as well as ... "MHC class I immune proteins are critical for hippocampus-dependent memory and gate NMDAR-dependent hippocampal long-term ... July 2007). "Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 governs learning and synaptic plasticity via control of NMDAR degradation". Nature ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMDA_receptor
F11 receptorF11 receptor
"Association of junctional adhesion molecule with calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK/LIN-2) in human ... "Association of junctional adhesion molecule with calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK/LIN-2) in human ... "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome ... KDR+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) This article incorporates text from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F11_receptor
MLC1MLC1
1999). "Death-associated protein kinase 2 is a new calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that signals apoptosis through ... Membrane protein MLC1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLC1 gene. MLC1 (also called WKL1) is the only human gene ... homology to other proteins suggests that it may be an integral membrane transport protein. Mutations in this gene have been ... The MLC1 protein contains six putative transmembrane domains (S1-S6) and a pore region (P) between S5 and S6. Furthermore, MLC1 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MLC1
Calcium-binding protein 1Calcium-binding protein 1
... a novel two EF-hand calcium-binding protein that suppresses Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activity in the brain ... Calcium binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CABP1 gene. Calcium-binding protein 1 is a calcium- ... Calcium-binding protein 1 which is a neuron -specific member of the calmodulin (CaM) superfamily which modulates Ca2+-dependent ... This protein also regulates calcium-dependent activity of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptors, P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium-binding_protein_1
Martin ParniskeMartin Parniske
... for nuclear calcium oscillations and a nuclear localized complex comprising a calcium-and-calmodulin dependent protein kinase ... and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase CCaMK. Moreover, the role of CYCLOPS, initially annotated as a protein with unknown ... Deregulation of a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase leads to spontaneous nodule development. Nature Volume: 441 Issue: 7097 ... The Parniske lab discovered that CYCLOPS is an interactor and phosphorylation substrate of the calcium- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Parniske
CAMK2GCAMK2G
"Entrez Gene: CAMK2G calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II gamma". Moyers JS, Bilan PJ, Zhu J, Kahn CR ( ... Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II gamma chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CAMK2G gene. The ... Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma) at the PDBe-KB. Portal: Biology This article incorporates ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMK2G
PPM1FPPM1F
... a protein kinase mediating biological effects downstream of Rho GTPases. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma ( ... Harvey BP, Banga SS, Ozer HL (2004). "Regulation of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II by the PP2C ... are Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase phosphatases that promote apoptosis". J Biol Chem. 276 (47): 44193-202. doi: ... Protein phosphatase 1F is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPM1F gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPM1F
Silent synapseSilent synapse
Ca2+ quickly enters and binds to calmodulin. Calmodulin activates calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), ... and calcium ions. Calcium ion entry into the presynaptic terminal causes the presynaptic release of glutamate, which diffuses ... This gives the NMDAR the property of being voltage-dependent, in that it requires strong postsynaptic depolarization to allow ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_synapse
Activity-Dependent Regulation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Localization | Journal of NeuroscienceActivity-Dependent Regulation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Localization | Journal of Neuroscience
... polyadenylation element binding protein-dependent protein synthesis is regulated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ... Regulation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II docking to N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors by calcium/calmodulin ... Activity-Dependent Regulation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Localization Message Subject (Your Name) has ... Activity-Dependent Regulation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Localization. Howard Schulman ...
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/24/39/8399
Characterization of a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase homolog from maize roots showing light-regulated gravitropism...Characterization of a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase homolog from maize roots showing light-regulated gravitropism...
... mediated by calcium, and inhibited by KN-93, a specific inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II). ... Using the [35S]CaM gel-overlay assay we showed that calmodulin-binding activity of the MCK1 is abolished by 50 microM KN-93, ... This light-regulated root gravitropism is phytochrome-dependent, ... of a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase homolog from ... mediated by calcium, and inhibited by KN-93, a specific inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II). ...
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20040173315&hterms=Mays&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D60%26Ntt%3DIs%2BMays%2BL.
Adult cardiac fibroblast proliferation is modulated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in normal and...
title = "Adult cardiac fibroblast proliferation is modulated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in normal and ... T1 - Adult cardiac fibroblast proliferation is modulated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in normal and ... Adult cardiac fibroblast proliferation is modulated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in normal and ... We have investigated whether calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) regulates proliferation in fibroblasts ...
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/adult-cardiac-fibroblast-proliferation-is-modulated-by-calciumcal
calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 1 | Meta subfamily | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGYcalcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 1 | Meta subfamily | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 1 - Meta subfamily. Detailed annotation on the structure, function, ... calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 1 Mouse. -. 505. 11 B4. Camkk1 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ... CaM-kinase IV kinase , CAMKKA , calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase alpha , calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein ... Meta subfamily: calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 1. Last modified on 30/03/2016. Accessed on 30/11/2022. ...
https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=1956
Human calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma gene (CAMK2G): cloning, genomic structure and detection of variants...
Human calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma gene (CAMK2G): cloning, genomic structure and detection of variants ... Human calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma gene (CAMK2G): cloning, genomic structure and detection of variants ...
https://www.well.ox.ac.uk/publications/16261
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4 | Profiles RNS
Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases [D12.644.360.100]. *Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4 [D12.644. ... Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases [D12.776.476.100]. *Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4 [D12.776. ... Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases [D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.125]. *Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase ... Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4*Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4 ...
https://profiles.jefferson.edu/display/30328
Rat CAMK2 (Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase-?) ELISA Kit - BidScientific.com
Rat CAMK2 (Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase-?) ELISA Kit. E-EL-R0138 Regular price $580.00. $499.00 You Pay ...
https://www.bidscientific.com/products/e-el-r0138
ProViz - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma - CAMK2G - Q13555ProViz - Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma - CAMK2G - Q13555
... for information about a given query protein. Data relevant to the protein like an alignment of homologues, linear motifs, post ... ProViz is an interactive protein exploration tool, which searches several databases ... relative to their position in the protein. ...
http://slim.icr.ac.uk/proviz/proviz.php?uniprot_acc=Q13555&alignment=QFO&ali_start=333&ali_end=353
Characterization of calcium/calmodulin dependant protein kinase II and its necessity in synaptic plasticityCharacterization of calcium/calmodulin dependant protein kinase II and its necessity in synaptic plasticity
Protein kinases. dc.title. Characterization of calcium/calmodulin dependant protein kinase II and its necessity in synaptic ... Characterization of calcium/calmodulin dependant protein kinase II and its necessity in synaptic plasticity. Login ...
https://desu.dspacedirect.org/handle/20.500.12090/474?show=full
MedlinePlus: Genes: CMedlinePlus: Genes: C
CASK: calcium/calmodulin dependent serine protein kinase. *CASQ2: calsequestrin 2. *CASR: calcium sensing receptor ... CDKN1C: cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1C. *CDKN1B: cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene-c/
CAMKK1 (Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 1, CaM-kinase Kinase 1, CaM-KK 1, CaMKK 1, CaMKK 1, Calcium...CAMKK1 (Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 1, CaM-kinase Kinase 1, CaM-KK 1, CaMKK 1, CaMKK 1, Calcium...
CAMKK1 regulates the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade by phosphorylating CAMKI, CAMKIV, and PKB.Applications ... CAMKK1 belongs to the CAMKK subfamily of Serine/Threonine Kinases. ... CaM-kinase Kinase 1, CaM-KK 1, CaMKK 1, CaMKK 1, Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Kinase alpha, CaM-kinase Kinase ... CaM-kinase Kinase 1, CaM-KK 1, CaMKK 1, CaMKK 1, Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Kinase alpha, CaM-kinase Kinase ...
https://labstore.ru/en/catalog/antitela-3/camkk1-calciumcalmodulin-dependent-protein-kinase-kinase-1-cam-kinase-kinase-1-cam-kk-1-camkk-1-camkk-1-calciumcalmodulin-dependent-protein-kinase-kinase-alpha-cam-kinase-kinase-alpha-cam-kk-alpha-camkk-alpha-cam-kinas-14/100-mkl/
Light microscopic identification and immunocytochemical characterization of glutamatergic synapses in brain sectionsLight microscopic identification and immunocytochemical characterization of glutamatergic synapses in brain sections
... but immunodetection of postsynaptic proteins in brain sections proves difficult. We performed immunofluorescent double labeling ... Presynaptic proteins are readily identified by light microscopic immunocytochemistry, ... Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 * Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism ... Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 * Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16228991/?dopt=Abstract
Fan W[au] - Search Results - PubMedFan W[au] - Search Results - PubMed
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV promotes imiquimod-induced psoriatic inflammation via macrophages and ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?cmd=search&term=Fan+W%5Bau%5D&dispmax=50
DeCS 2008 - Changed termsDeCS 2008 - Changed terms
Ca(2+)-Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase. Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases. Cholesterol Esterase. Sterol Esterase ... SHP1 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6. Thioredoxin Reductase (NADPH). ... Protein Isoprenylation. Protein Prenylation. G09 - Circulatory and Respiratory Physiology. Hemodynamic Processes. Hemodynamics ... Protein-Tyrosine-Phosphatase. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases. Rhodopsin Kinase. G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 1. ...
https://decs.bvs.br/I/rep_i2008.htm
RCSB PDB - 1S6J: N-terminal Region of the Ca2+-saturated calcium regulatory domain (CLD) from Soybean Calcium-dependent Protein...RCSB PDB - 1S6J: N-terminal Region of the Ca2+-saturated calcium regulatory domain (CLD) from Soybean Calcium-dependent Protein...
... from Soybean Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase-alpha (CDPK) ... N-terminal Region of the Ca2+-saturated calcium regulatory ... A calcium-dependent protein kinase with a regulatory domain similar to calmodulin. Harper, J.F., Sussman, M.R.,& ... N-terminal Region of the Ca2+-saturated calcium regulatory domain (CLD) from Soybean Calcium-dependent Protein Kinase-alpha ( ... Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are vital Ca(2+)-signaling proteins in plants and protists which have both a kinase ...
https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1s6j
Electrolyte and Metabolic Disturbances in Ebola Patients during a Clinical Trial, Guinea, 2015 - Volume 22, Number 12-December...
Calcium supplementation during sepsis exacerbates organ failure and mortality via calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ... Parenteral calcium for intensive care unit patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;4:CD006163.DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar ... Besides age and diagnostic PCR Ct value, renal dysfunction, low calcium levels, and low hemoglobin levels were independently ... Besides age and PCR cycle threshold value, renal dysfunction, low calcium levels, and low hemoglobin levels were independently ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/12/16-1136
MMRRC:040290-MUMMRRC:040290-MU
Name: calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV. Synonyms: Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV/Gr, CaMKIV/Gr ... Name: calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1D subunit. Synonyms: D-LTCC, Cchl1a, Cchl1a2, Cacnl1a2, 8430418G19Rik ... Name: phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent). Synonyms: cPLA2, Type IV PLA2, cytosolic PLA2, cPLA2alpha, ...
https://www.mmrrc.org/catalog/sds.php?mmrrc_id=40290
Camk1d | Knockout Mouse | Research Models | Taconic BiosciencesCamk1d | Knockout Mouse | Research Models | Taconic Biosciences
... calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID. Synonyms: A630059D12Rik, CaMKIdelta, CKLiK, E030025C11Rik. Gene Family:. Kinase ...
https://www.taconic.com/knockout-mouse/camk1d-trapped
regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane - Ontology Report - Rat Genome...regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane - Ontology Report - Rat Genome...
calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha. involved_in. IDA. IMP. PMID:12202034. SynGO. PMID:12202034 PMID:12202034 ... mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1. involved_in. EXP. IDA. PMID:12202034. SynGO. PMID:12202034 PMID:12202034. RGD: ... protein kinase C, zeta. involved_in. IDA. IMP. PMID:18667614. SynGO. PMID:18667614 PMID:18667614. RGD:13702194, RGD:13702194. ... Protein-Protein Interactions) PhenoMiner (Quatitative Phenotypes) Gene Annotator OLGA (Gene List Generator) RatMine GViewer ( ...
https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/ontology/annot.html?acc_id=GO:0098696
IJMS | Free Full-Text | T Cell Calcium Signaling Regulation by the Co-Receptor CD5IJMS | Free Full-Text | T Cell Calcium Signaling Regulation by the Co-Receptor CD5
... causing an increase of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration. Co-receptors stabilize interactions between the TCR and its ... Calcium influx is critical for T cell effector function and fate. T cells are activated when T cell receptors (TCRs) engage ... adenosine monophosphates activated protein kinase) expression and CaMKK (calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase) activity [ ... Racioppi, L.; Means, A.R. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2: Roles in signaling and pathophysiology. J. Biol ...
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/5/1295/htm
Browse ORF cDNA clones by species Sus scrofa, letter c, page 1Browse ORF cDNA clones by species Sus scrofa, letter c, page 1
protein-coding. CALCR. calcitonin receptor. protein-coding. CAMK2D. calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II delta. ... cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 2. protein-coding. CMPK2. cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2. protein-coding ... protein-coding. COL6A2. collagen type VI alpha 2 chain. ... protein-coding. CDK5. cyclin dependent kinase 5. protein-coding ... protein-coding. CCR6. C-C motif chemokine receptor 6. ... protein-coding. COBL. cordon-bleu WH2 repeat protein. protein- ...
https://www.genscript.com/gene/9823/sus-scrofa?search=c
CAMK1B (rat)CAMK1B (rat)
Home > Protein > CAMK1B rat. human. mouse. New Protein Search:. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1B ... Protein Mutation Frequency in Cancer. The lollipop plot above illustrates recurrent (observed in 3 or more out of 4440 TCGA ...
https://www.phosphosite.org/proteinAction.action?id=2089&showAllSites=true
PPM1F protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1F [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBIPPM1F protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1F [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
... a protein kinase mediating biological effects downstream of Rho GTPases. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma ( ... protein phosphatase 1F. Names. Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase phosphatase. CaM-kinase phosphatase. PP2C phosphatase ... Regulation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase phosphatase (CaMKP) by oxidation/reduction at Cys-359. Baba H, et al. ... enables calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity IDA Inferred from Direct Assay. more info ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9647
A Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of c-Met Kinase Inhibits c-Met-Dependent Phenotypes in Vitro and Exhibits Cytoreductive...A Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of c-Met Kinase Inhibits c-Met-Dependent Phenotypes in Vitro and Exhibits Cytoreductive...
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases. ... Kinase . Kinase Family and Groupa . Biochemical IC50 (μm)b . ... Family and group names as follows: RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase, TK, tyrosine kinase; STK, serine-threonine kinase, AGC ... c-Met kinase domain GST-fusion protein was used for the c-Met assay, whereas recombinant human full-length or GST-kinase domain ... Kinase . Kinase Family and Groupa . Biochemical IC50 (μm)b . Cellular IC50 (μm)c . ...
https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/63/21/7345/510694/A-Selective-Small-Molecule-Inhibitor-of-c-Met
anti-CAMKK1 antibody (AA 1-505) | Product No. ABIN529619anti-CAMKK1 antibody (AA 1-505) | Product No. ABIN529619
... calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 1 S homeolog, calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 1, calcium/ ... calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 1, alpha a, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 1, calcium/calmodulin ... anti-Calcium/calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 1, alpha (CAMKK1) (C-Term) antibody CAMKK1 Reactivity: Human WB Host: ... anti-Calcium/calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 1, alpha (CAMKK1) (AA 1-505) antibody CAMKK1 Reactivity: Human WB Host ...
https://www.antibodies-online.com/antibody/529619/anti-Calcium+calmodulin-Dependent+Protein+Kinase+Kinase+1,+alpha+CAMKK1+AA+1-505+antibody/
Niche deconvolution of the glioblastoma proteome reveals a distinct infiltrative phenotype within the proneural transcriptomic...Niche deconvolution of the glioblastoma proteome reveals a distinct infiltrative phenotype within the proneural transcriptomic...
... calcium/calmodulin dependant protein kinase, CAMK2B, Fig. 2F, FDR , 0.01), synaptic terminus-level (SYN, Fig. 2G, FDR , 0.01), ... Proteins were filtered such that only those that appeared in at least 60% within a group were included. The raw values were ... Differentially enriched protein (DEP) analysis by volcano plot comparing (A) randomized groupings of tumor samples (n = 86, ... We identified 4,794 proteins across samples.. Bioinformatic analysis. Data used in this publication were generated by the ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-022-01716-5?error=cookies_not_supported&code=ecfb2741-cae5-4138-b98a-fe119ccd1a65
David M. Lovinger - PublicationsDavid M. Lovinger - Publications
Translocation of autophosphorylated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II to the postsynaptic density. The Journal of ... Protein F1 and protein kinase C may regulate the persistence, not the initiation, of synaptic potentiation in the hippocampus. ... A selective increase in phosporylation of protein F1, a protein kinase C substrate, directly related to three day growth of ... Translocation of protein kinase C activity may mediate hippocampal long-term potentiation. Science (New York, N.Y.). 231: 587-9 ...
https://neurotree.org/beta/publications.php?pid=6361
Differential expression of signal transduction factors in ovarian follicle development: a functional role for betaglycan and...Differential expression of signal transduction factors in ovarian follicle development: a functional role for betaglycan and...
keywords = "Animals, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1/genetics, Carrier Proteins/genetics, Cattle, Cells, ... We suggest important roles for CAM kinase-1 and EphA4 in theca cells and BCAR1 in granulosa cells for the development of ... We suggest important roles for CAM kinase-1 and EphA4 in theca cells and BCAR1 in granulosa cells for the development of ... We suggest important roles for CAM kinase-1 and EphA4 in theca cells and BCAR1 in granulosa cells for the development of ...
https://researchonline.gcu.ac.uk/en/publications/differential-expression-of-signal-transduction-factors-in-ovarian
Early structural and functional plasticity alterations in a susceptibility period of DYT1 dystonia mouse striatum | eLifeEarly structural and functional plasticity alterations in a susceptibility period of DYT1 dystonia mouse striatum | eLife
2004) Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation drives synapse-associated protein 97 into spines Journal ... BDNF protein expression in the striatum of Tor1a+/+and Tor1a+/Δgag mice.. (A, B) Striatal BDNF protein expression in Tor1a+/+ ... BDNF expression profile showed a similar age-dependent time-course in both genotypes (Figure 6A,B; P15 vs P26: Tor1a+/+ p,0.05 ... Increased BDNF protein expression in Tor1a+/Δgag striatum at P26. Neurotrophic factors play a fundamental role in the ...
https://elifesciences.org/articles/33331
Seminar Series | Clinical Pharmacology | IU School of MedicineSeminar Series | Clinical Pharmacology | IU School of Medicine
"Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II (CaMKII) Control of Cardiac Repolarization: Potential Mechanism for Arrhythmias ... Model to Assess the Drug-Drug-Gene Interaction Potential of Belzutifan in Combination with Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 ... "Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Current as a Possible Drug Target for Atrial Fibrillation" ...
https://medicine.iu.edu/internal-medicine/specialties/clinical-pharmacology/education/seminar-series
Serine protein kinaseGeneCaMKIIInhibitorPeptidesReceptorsIntracellularPhosphorylationTarget proteinsNeuronalApoptosisCAMK2GCDPKsPostsynapticSynapticMeSHPathwaysPeptideSubcellularMembraneCyclicTypeInhibitoryTransmembraneAminoDictyosteliumDomainActivityInteractionsGenesStructuralSignalingAlphaSequencesHelicaseHumanCells
Serine protein kinase2
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: MICrocephaly, disproportionate pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia syndrome: A clinico-radiologic phenotype linked to calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase gene mutation. (who.int)
  • It is caused by inactivating calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) gene mutations. (who.int)
Gene4
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the PP2C family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases. (nih.gov)
  • Gene expression of calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δ and atrial natriuretic peptide, but not brain natriuretic peptide, in the left ventricle of the heart was significantly higher in antelope than in sheep. (avma.org)
  • Gene expression and inheritance are not only a function of the DNA code, but also epigenetic mechanisms that regulate DNA accessibility, transcription, and translation of the genetic code into a functional protein. (intechopen.com)
  • Novel mutations in calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CAMK4) gene in infertile men. (cdc.gov)
CaMKII12
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a ubiquitous enzyme, present in essentially every tissue but most concentrated in brain. (jneurosci.org)
  • Intracellular distribution of CaMKII is dependent on the expressed isoforms(s) and represents a combination of stimulus-independent and -dependent localization. (jneurosci.org)
  • CaMKII isoforms are highly homologous, but the variable domain can contain peptide segments ("inserts"), e.g., by alternative splicing, that promote distinct intracellular targeting that can involve anchoring proteins. (jneurosci.org)
  • We have investigated whether calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) regulates proliferation in fibroblasts isolated from normal and hypertrophied hearts. (qub.ac.uk)
  • CaMKIIδ protein expression and activity is upregulated in MTAB hearts and, specifically, in cardiac fibroblasts isolated from hypertrophied hearts. (qub.ac.uk)
  • Further, experimental validation showed that the QX1 formula inhibited the activity of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), MAPK (P38, ERK1/2, and JNK), and TLR4/NF- κ B signaling pathways but promoted the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. (hindawi.com)
  • Background Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that is regulated by the Ca2+/calmodulin complex. (qedbio.com)
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is involved in the regulation of calcium and its hyperactivation can lead to cardiac issues, particularly with rhythm and contraction. (bioworld.com)
  • Calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a protein kinase, which detects Ca2+ signals and can phosphorylate many target proteins as well as itself. (eur.nl)
  • However, in chapter 3 we show that although CaMKII is required for normal presynaptic function, its ability to phosphorylate itself, or other proteins does not appear to be necessary for its presynaptic role. (eur.nl)
  • This suggests that CaMKII plays a structural (non-enzymatic) role and may explain why this kinase is so abundant. (eur.nl)
  • Structural analysis of CN17β by CD and NMR indicated an α-helix conformation in the Leu6-Arg11 segment well overlapping with the crystal structure of 21-residue segment of CaM-KNtide bound to the kinase domain of CaMKII. (elsevier.com)
Inhibitor4
  • This light-regulated root gravitropism is phytochrome-dependent, mediated by calcium, and inhibited by KN-93, a specific inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II). (nasa.gov)
  • A screen profiling 158 kinase inhibitors (Calbiochem Protein Kinase Inhibitor Library I and II, catalogue numbers 539744 and 539745) for their inhibitory activity at 1µM and 10µM against 234 human recombinant kinases using the EMD Millipore KinaseProfiler TM service. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • 1. Anastassiadis T, Deacon SW, Devarajan K, Ma H, Peterson JR. (2011) Comprehensive assay of kinase catalytic activity reveals features of kinase inhibitor selectivity. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • 3. Tokumitsu H, Inuzuka H, Ishikawa Y, Ikeda M, Saji I, Kobayashi R. (2002) STO-609, a specific inhibitor of the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Peptides2
  • T cells are activated when T cell receptors (TCRs) engage peptides presented by antigen-presenting cells (APC), causing an increase of intracellular calcium (Ca 2+ ) concentration. (mdpi.com)
  • Small peptides, especially those derived from natural proteins as inhibitory peptide aptamers (iPAs), can produce highly effective and selective blockade of specific nociceptive molecular pathways to reduce pain with minimal off-target effects. (lww.com)
Receptors2
  • Study of an animal model of Sydenham chorea revealed that immunization with group A streptococcal antigen led to behavioral changes which correlated with antibody deposition in the striatum as well as reactivity of serum IgG with dopamine receptors and the induction of CaM kinase II activity. (autismone.org)
  • A further chapter discusses how surface membrane G-protein receptors in C. albicans and other fungi transmit external stimuli through 2 major protein kinase cascades. (cdc.gov)
Intracellular2
  • Proper function of the kinase requires that it access and selectively phosphorylate numerous substrates in diverse intracellular sites. (jneurosci.org)
  • An intracellular-signaling kinase that plays a role in regulating APOPTOSIS . (nih.gov)
Phosphorylation8
  • This review will discuss the role of kinase localization in optimizing fidelity of substrate phosphorylation. (jneurosci.org)
  • First, localization of kinase near some of its substrates achieves a concentration of the kinase that speeds onset of response to stimulus and increases the rate of phosphorylation. (jneurosci.org)
  • Nuclear targeting is subject to inhibitory control by phosphorylation at either of two sites, one catalyzed by other kinases and the other by autophosphorylation. (jneurosci.org)
  • The activity of this enzyme is regulated by its phosphorylation by CALCIUM-CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE KINASE. (jefferson.edu)
  • The rest of the article focuses on two proteins in particular that could get disrupted through glyphosate substitution, and I will explain how this disruption can lead to a runaway phosphorylation cascade resulting in cancer. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Using transgenic mice expressing a constitutively active form of H-ras (H- rasG12V), we studied the H-Ras/ERK/Syn I pathway and showed that in these mice ERK-dependent phosphorylation of synansin I is increased and causes several presynaptic changes. (eur.nl)
  • The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta (CAMK2D), which normally influences RCHY1 stability by phosphorylation, also binds to SUD. (cipsm.de)
  • A CALMODULIN -dependent enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins. (bvsalud.org)
Target proteins2
  • Subsequent systems pharmacology analysis found that 63 bioactive compounds and the related 79 candidate target proteins were screened from the QX1 formula. (hindawi.com)
  • Sumoylation, the covalent attachment of the small ubiquitin-related modifier SUMO to target proteins, regulates different cellular processes,although its role in the control of development remains unclear. (biologists.com)
Neuronal3
  • Learning is thought to occur through activity-dependent synaptic modification in the neuronal network. (eur.nl)
  • The chorea derived mAbs, acute Sydenham chorea sera and cerebrospinal fluid targeted human neuronal cells and signaled calcium-calmodulin dependent protein (CaM) kinase II activity and dopamine release in a neuronal cell line as well as in primary neuronal cells. (autismone.org)
  • Serum antibodies from related disorders such as PANDAS with obsessive compulsive behaviors, vocal tics or tic-like movements demonstrated that the level of the CaM kinase II activity was increased along with antibodies against lysoganglioside and a number of neuronal antigens. (autismone.org)
Apoptosis3
  • The overexpression of this phosphatase or CAMK2G has been shown to mediate caspase-dependent apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • The pathological mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction in sepsis are multifactorial, including inflammatory mediator disorder, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and calcium regulation disorder [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • High levels of glucose in diabetes induce multiple biochemical pathways in vascular cells, including increased oxidative stress, generation of advanced glycation end-products, excess synthesis of extracellular matrix, altered protein kinase C activity, increased vascular permeability, and endothelial cell apoptosis ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
CAMK2G1
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma (CAMK2G/CAMK-II) is found to be one of the substrates of this phosphatase. (nih.gov)
CDPKs3
  • Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are vital Ca(2+)-signaling proteins in plants and protists which have both a kinase domain and a self-contained calcium regulatory calmodulin-like domain (CLD). (rcsb.org)
  • Calcium Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPKs). (unr.edu)
  • CDPKs have a unique structure defined by the presence of a calmodulin-like regulatory domain fused to the C-terminal end of the kinase. (unr.edu)
Postsynaptic3
  • Presynaptic proteins are readily identified by light microscopic immunocytochemistry, but immunodetection of postsynaptic proteins in brain sections proves difficult. (nih.gov)
  • Staining for postsynaptic proteins was enhanced in weakly fixed material and in tissue treated with pepsin, as previously reported, but tissue quality was impaired. (nih.gov)
  • Punctate staining for all postsynaptic proteins, but not presynaptic markers, was substantially enhanced in material pretreated with antiproteolytic agents. (nih.gov)
Synaptic1
  • Plasticity changes include functional and structural synaptic specialization, leading to experience-dependent acquisition of motor skills. (elifesciences.org)
MeSH2
  • Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (jefferson.edu)
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uchicago.edu)
Pathways5
  • The integrating pathway analysis indicated the calcium, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways may be involved in the protective effect of the QX1 formula on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. (hindawi.com)
  • Our data suggested that QX1 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for sepsis by suppressing the activity of calcium, MAPK, and TLR4/NF- κ B pathways, but promoting the activation of AKT, thus controlling cytokine storm and regulating immune balance. (hindawi.com)
  • Early steps in this transition are complex, with at least 2 signaling pathways identified: 1 stops yeast growth and another, with a heat shock protein 70-type profile, initiates the assembly of proteins necessary for mycelial growth. (cdc.gov)
  • Yeast-form-specific genes identified in Histoplasma capsulatum function in calcium/calmodulin signaling pathways and sulphur metabolism. (cdc.gov)
  • Calcium-dependent signaling pathways and heat shock protein expression regulate dimorphism in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and have broad implications for other pathogens. (cdc.gov)
Peptide1
  • Expression of genes for atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide, and calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δ was measured via real-time PCR assay. (avma.org)
Subcellular1
  • We found that the sensitivity of nociceptor neurons is regulated by the controlled subcellular localization of Calcium/calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase-1 (CMK-1), (Schild et al. (unifr.ch)
Membrane1
  • XV" YOL105C 1 15 18 YOL105C "Putative integral membrane protein containing novel cysteine motif. (davidson.edu)
Cyclic1
  • These ion channels have been implicated in calcium signaling and are regulated by both cyclic nucleotides and calmodulin. (unr.edu)
Type4
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4" by people in this website by year, and whether "Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (jefferson.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4" by people in Profiles. (jefferson.edu)
  • Ample data support a prominent role of peripheral T-type calcium channels 3.2 (Ca V 3.2) in generating pain states. (lww.com)
  • Using established prediction algorithms, we localized the IDRs in Ca V 3.2 protein and identified several Ca V 3.2iPA candidates that significantly reduced Ca V 3.2 current in HEK293 cells stably expressing human wide-type Ca V 3.2. (lww.com)
Inhibitory1
  • A screen profiling the inhibitory activity of 178 commercially available kinase inhibitors at 0.5µM against a panel of 300 recombinant protein kinases using the Reaction Biology Corporation Kinase Hotspot SM platform. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Transmembrane1
  • Aquaporins are transmembrane water permeable proteins involved in transcellular water flow. (adejournal.com)
Amino4
  • The next section is devoted to describing the evidence that glyphosate can get into proteins by mistake in place of the coding amino acid glycine, which I now believe is its main mechanism of insidious cumulative toxicity. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • A number of actin-binding proteins, including spectrin, alpha-actinin and fimbrin, contain a 250 amino acid stretch called the actin binding domain (ABD). (embl.de)
  • Proteins containing only a single amino terminal CH domain. (embl.de)
  • The specific sequence of amino acids determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during protein folding, and the function of the protein. (lecturio.com)
Dictyostelium1
  • Gelation factor (ABP120) is one of the principal actin-cross-linking proteins of Dictyostelium discoideum. (embl.de)
Domain5
  • In addition, kinase activation and/or autophosphorylation that expose interaction sites normally occluded by its autoinhibitory domain lead to stimulus-dependent translocation to other targets. (jneurosci.org)
  • In addition, the CH domain occurs also in a number of proteins not known to bind actin, a notable example being the vav protooncogene. (embl.de)
  • Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing CH domain. (embl.de)
  • The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with CH domain is also avaliable . (embl.de)
  • Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing CH domain in the selected taxonomic class. (embl.de)
Activity4
  • Using the [35S]CaM gel-overlay assay we showed that calmodulin-binding activity of the MCK1 is abolished by 50 microM KN-93, but binding is not affected by 5 microM KN-93, paralleling physiological findings that light-regulated root gravitropism is inhibited by 50 microM KN-93, but not by 5 microM KN-93. (nasa.gov)
  • The critical period for symptom onset in DYT1 dystonia matches a time-window of postnatal life when motor memories are shaped by activity-dependent changes in the striatum. (elifesciences.org)
  • Post-translational modifications modulate the activity of proteins and therefore have crucial roles in many cellular processes. (biologists.com)
  • Comparison of matched acute and convalescent PANDAS sera taken before and during the exacerbation demonstrated an elevation in CaM kinase II activity associated with disease. (autismone.org)
Interactions1
  • A potential role for protein O-fucosylation during pollen-pistil interactions. (unr.edu)
Genes1
  • We and others have additionally shown that glucose-induced upregulation of p300 can regulate the expression of genes for extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and vasoactive factors in endothelial cells ( 11 , 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
Structural3
  • 2010) Activation state-dependent binding of small molecule kinase inhibitors: structural insights from biochemistry. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • We report structural and functional abnormalities occurring in a defined postnatal time-window in Tor1a +/Δgag mice, indicative of a 'premature' and abnormal functional and structural plasticity, which is paralleled by a time-dependent increase in both BDNF levels and AMPAR-mediated currents. (elifesciences.org)
  • Structural proteins Proteins Linear polypeptides that are synthesized on ribosomes and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. (lecturio.com)
Signaling1
  • A primary focus is on calcium signaling. (unr.edu)
Alpha1
  • Actin binding domains present in duplicate at the N-termini of spectrin-like proteins (including dystrophin, alpha-actinin). (embl.de)
Sequences1
  • Kinase isoforms with distinct targeting sequences can coassemble into the same holoenzyme, and thus localization and translocation are dependent on the isoform composition. (jneurosci.org)
Helicase1
  • expressed in middle/late meiosis,IV" YDR525W 1 5 7 YDR525W "Ydr525wp,IV" YDR526C 1 5 8 YDR526C "Ydr526cp,IV" YER187W 1 5 9 YER187W "similar to killer toxin,V" YER188W 1 5 10 YER188W "Yer188wp,V" YER190W 1 5 11 YER190W "Yrf1-2p,V" YFL002C 1 5 12 YFL002C "ATP-dependent RNA helicase,VI" YFL002W-B 1 5 13 YFL002W-B "TyA gag protein. (davidson.edu)
Human4
  • A screen of 72 inhibitors against 456 human kinases. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • Rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against a full-length human CAMKK1 protein. (antibodies-online.com)
  • CAMKK1 (NP_115670.1, 1 a.a. ~ 505 a.a) full-length human protein. (antibodies-online.com)
  • Our results show that L2H21 and L50H46 normalize inflammatory mediators ( IL-6 and TNF- α), extracellular matrix proteins ( FN and COL4 α 1 ), vasoactive factors ( VEGF and ET-1 ) and a key transcriptional coactivator ( p300 ) in cultured human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) and dermal-derived microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) challenged with high levels of glucose. (frontiersin.org)
Cells1
  • We suggest important roles for CAM kinase-1 and EphA4 in theca cells and BCAR1 in granulosa cells for the development of dominant follicles and for betaglycan and FIBP in granulosa cells of regressing subordinate follicles. (gcu.ac.uk)
Activity-Dependent Regulation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Localization | Journal of Neuroscience
Activity-Dependent Regulation of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Localization | Journal of Neuroscience (jneurosci.org)
MedlinePlus: Genes: C
MedlinePlus: Genes: C (medlineplus.gov)
CASK-related intellectual disability: MedlinePlus Genetics
CASK-related intellectual disability: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Detecting Kinase Activity Across the Kinome
Detecting Kinase Activity Across the Kinome (promega.com)
Camk1d | Knockout Mouse | Research Models | Taconic Biosciences
Camk1d | Knockout Mouse | Research Models | Taconic Biosciences (taconic.com)
Regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane - Ontology Report - Rat Genome...
Regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane - Ontology Report - Rat Genome... (rgd.mcw.edu)
IJMS | Free Full-Text | T Cell Calcium Signaling Regulation by the Co-Receptor CD5
IJMS | Free Full-Text | T Cell Calcium Signaling Regulation by the Co-Receptor CD5 (mdpi.com)
Adult cardiac fibroblast proliferation is modulated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in normal and...
Adult cardiac fibroblast proliferation is modulated by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in normal and... (pure.qub.ac.uk)
Browse ORF cDNA clones by species Sus scrofa, letter c, page 1
Browse ORF cDNA clones by species Sus scrofa, letter c, page 1 (genscript.com)
SURF Research Projects - Research - College of Engineering - Purdue University
SURF Research Projects - Research - College of Engineering - Purdue University (engineering.purdue.edu)
A new view of transcriptome complexity and regulation through the lens of local splicing variations | eLife
A new view of transcriptome complexity and regulation through the lens of local splicing variations | eLife (elifesciences.org)
Anti-CAMKK1 antibody (AA 1-505) | Product No. ABIN529619
Anti-CAMKK1 antibody (AA 1-505) | Product No. ABIN529619 (antibodies-online.com)
Plus it
Plus it (jneurosci.org)
Table of Contents - January 05, 2011, 31 (1) | Journal of Neuroscience
Table of Contents - January 05, 2011, 31 (1) | Journal of Neuroscience (jneurosci.org)
David M. Lovinger - Publications
David M. Lovinger - Publications (neurotree.org)
Differential expression of signal transduction factors in ovarian follicle development: a functional role for betaglycan and...
Differential expression of signal transduction factors in ovarian follicle development: a functional role for betaglycan and... (researchonline.gcu.ac.uk)
Integrins Control Dendritic Spine Plasticity in Hippocampal Neurons through NMDA Receptor and Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein...
Integrins Control Dendritic Spine Plasticity in Hippocampal Neurons through NMDA Receptor and Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein... (jneurosci.org)
Glauser Group | Department of Biology | University of Fribourg
Glauser Group | Department of Biology | University of Fribourg (unifr.ch)
Plus it
Plus it (jneurosci.org)
Frontiers | Curcumin Analogs Reduce Stress and Inflammation Indices in Experimental Models of Diabetes
Frontiers | Curcumin Analogs Reduce Stress and Inflammation Indices in Experimental Models of Diabetes (frontiersin.org)
Search Results | AVMA
Search Results | AVMA (avmajournals.avma.org)
Genetically Modified Children FREE VIEWING - LIMITED TIME
Genetically Modified Children FREE VIEWING - LIMITED TIME (greenmedinfo.com)
Ver Autor RAMONA ALICIA MATTIAZZI
Ver Autor RAMONA ALICIA MATTIAZZI (ri.conicet.gov.ar)
Find Research outputs - Discovery - the University of Dundee Research Portal
Find Research outputs - Discovery - the University of Dundee Research Portal (discovery.dundee.ac.uk)
MicroRNA Involvement in Lupus
MicroRNA Involvement in Lupus (medscape.com)
Electrolyte and Metabolic Disturbances in Ebola Patients during a Clinical Trial, Guinea, 2015
Electrolyte and Metabolic Disturbances in Ebola Patients during a Clinical Trial, Guinea, 2015 (medscape.com)