Calcineurin. Medical search

A CALCIUM and CALMODULIN-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase that is composed of the calcineurin A catalytic subunit and the calcineurin B regulatory subunit. Calcineurin has been shown to dephosphorylate a number of phosphoproteins including HISTONES; MYOSIN LIGHT CHAIN; and the regulatory subunits of CAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES. It is involved in the regulation of signal transduction and is the target of an important class of immunophilin-immunosuppressive drug complexes.

A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.

A family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of highly conserved calcineurin- and DNA-binding domains. NFAT proteins are activated in the CYTOPLASM by the calcium-dependent phosphatase CALCINEURIN. They transduce calcium signals to the nucleus where they can interact with TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-1 or NF-KAPPA B and initiate GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of GENES involved in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and development. NFAT proteins stimulate T-CELL activation through the induction of IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENES such as INTERLEUKIN-2.

A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).

Proteins which bind calmodulin. They are found in many tissues and have a variety of functions including F-actin cross-linking properties, inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase and calcium and magnesium ATPases.

Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.

A group of enzymes removing the SERINE- or THREONINE-bound phosphate groups from a wide range of phosphoproteins, including a number of enzymes which have been phosphorylated under the action of a kinase. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992)

A family of immunophilin proteins that bind to the immunosuppressive drugs TACROLIMUS (also known as FK506) and SIROLIMUS. EC 5.2.1.-

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A heat-stable, low-molecular-weight activator protein found mainly in the brain and heart. The binding of calcium ions to this protein allows this protein to bind to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and to adenyl cyclase with subsequent activation. Thereby this protein modulates cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels.

A 12-KDa tacrolimus binding protein that is found associated with and may modulate the function of calcium release channels. It is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase which is inhibited by both tacrolimus (commonly called FK506) and SIROLIMUS.

Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.

Enzymes that catalyze either the racemization or epimerization of chiral centers within amino acids or derivatives. EC 5.1.1.

A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.

A group of hydrolases which catalyze the hydrolysis of monophosphoric esters with the production of one mole of orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.

Signal transduction mechanisms whereby calcium mobilization (from outside the cell or from intracellular storage pools) to the cytoplasm is triggered by external stimuli. Calcium signals are often seen to propagate as waves, oscillations, spikes, sparks, or puffs. The calcium acts as an intracellular messenger by activating calcium-responsive proteins.

Members of a family of highly conserved proteins which are all cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PEPTIDYLPROLYL ISOMERASE). They bind the immunosuppressant drugs CYCLOSPORINE; TACROLIMUS and SIROLIMUS. They possess rotamase activity, which is inhibited by the immunosuppressant drugs that bind to them.

The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

An enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of proline residues within proteins. EC 5.2.1.8.

The protein constituents of muscle, the major ones being ACTINS and MYOSINS. More than a dozen accessory proteins exist including TROPONIN; TROPOMYOSIN; and DYSTROPHIN.

Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

An antibiotic substance derived from Penicillium stoloniferum, and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase. Mycophenolic acid is important because of its selective effects on the immune system. It prevents the proliferation of T-cells, lymphocytes, and the formation of antibodies from B-cells. It also may inhibit recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory sites. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1301)

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient.

Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)

A phosphoprotein phosphatase subtype that is comprised of a catalytic subunit and two different regulatory subunits. At least two genes encode isoforms of the protein phosphatase catalytic subunit, while several isoforms of regulatory subunits exist due to the presence of multiple genes and the alternative splicing of their mRNAs. Protein phosphatase 2 acts on a broad variety of cellular proteins and may play a role as a regulator of intracellular signaling processes.

A specific inhibitor of phosphoserine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2a. It is also a potent tumor promoter. (Thromb Res 1992;67(4):345-54 & Cancer Res 1993;53(2):239-41)

A eukayrotic protein serine-threonine phosphatase subtype that dephosphorylates a wide variety of cellular proteins. The enzyme is comprised of a catalytic subunit and regulatory subunit. Several isoforms of the protein phosphatase catalytic subunit exist due to the presence of multiple genes and the alternative splicing of their mRNAs. A large number of proteins have been shown to act as regulatory subunits for this enzyme. Many of the regulatory subunits have additional cellular functions.

The transference of a part of or an entire liver from one human or animal to another.

A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.

A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterized by affinity for N-methyl-D-aspartate. NMDA receptors have an allosteric binding site for glycine which must be occupied for the channel to open efficiently and a site within the channel itself to which magnesium ions bind in a voltage-dependent manner. The positive voltage dependence of channel conductance and the high permeability of the conducting channel to calcium ions (as well as to monovalent cations) are important in excitotoxicity and neuronal plasticity.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Study of mental processes and behavior of schizophrenics.

A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.

Proteins to which calcium ions are bound. They can act as transport proteins, regulator proteins, or activator proteins. They typically contain EF HAND MOTIFS.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

Very large BONE MARROW CELLS which release mature BLOOD PLATELETS.

A mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamily that is widely expressed and plays a role in regulation of MEIOSIS; MITOSIS; and post mitotic functions in differentiated cells. The extracellular signal regulated MAP kinases are regulated by a broad variety of CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS and can be activated by certain CARCINOGENS.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

A plasma membrane exchange glycoprotein transporter that functions in intracellular pH regulation, cell volume regulation, and cellular response to many different hormones and mitogens.

The role of immunophilins in mutant superoxide dismutase-1linked familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (1/2213)

It has been reported that expression of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS)-associated mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD) induces apoptosis of neuronal cells in culture associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species. SOD recently has been shown to prevent calcineurin inactivation, initiating the present investigations examining the role of calcineurin in mutant SOD-induced cell death. Wild-type or mutant SOD was expressed in neuronal cells by infection with replication-deficient adenoviruses. PC12 cells overexpressing human wild-type SOD exhibited higher calcineurin activity than cells expressing FALS-related mutant SOD (SODV148G); however, cells expressing SODV148G had calcineurin activity equal to mock-infected cells, suggesting that cell death induced by mutant SOD was not related to a decrease in calcineurin activity. Calcineurin antagonists such as cyclosporin A and FK506, as well as nonimmunosuppressant analogs of cyclosporin A, significantly enhanced SODV148G- and SODA4V-induced cell death. Because both groups of drugs inhibit the rotamase activity of cyclophilins (CyP), but only the immunosuppressant analogs inhibit calcineurin activity, these data suggest that rotamase inhibition underlies the enhanced cell death after SODV148G expression. The importance of rotamase activity in mutant SOD-mediated apoptosis was supported by experiments showing that overexpressed wild-type cyclophilin A (CyPA), but not CyPA with a rotamase active site point mutation, protected cells from death after SODV148G expression. These data suggest that mutant SOD produces a greater need for rotamase and, also, highlights possible new therapeutic strategies in FALS. (+info)

Differential effects of a calcineurin inhibitor on glutamate-induced phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. (2/2213)

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM kinases) are major multifunctional enzymes that play important roles in calcium-mediated signal transduction. To characterize their regulatory mechanisms in neurons, we compared glutamate-induced phosphorylation of CaM kinase IV and CaM kinase II in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. We observed that dephosphorylation of these kinases followed different time courses, suggesting different regulatory mechanisms for each kinase. Okadaic acid, an inhibitor of protein phosphatase (PP) 1 and PP2A, increased the phosphorylation of both kinases. In contrast, cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of calcineurin, showed different effects: the phosphorylation and activity of CaM kinase IV were significantly increased with this inhibitor, but those of CaM kinase II were not significantly increased. Cyclosporin A treatment of neurons increased phosphorylation of Thr196 of CaM kinase IV, the activated form with CaM kinase kinase, which was recognized with an anti-phospho-Thr196 antibody. Moreover, recombinant CaM kinase IV was dephosphorylated and inactivated with calcineurin as well as with PP1, PP2A, and PP2C in vitro. These results suggest that CaM kinase IV, but not CaM kinase II, is directly regulated with calcineurin. (+info)

Reduction of calcineurin activity in brain by antisense oligonucleotides leads to persistent phosphorylation of tau protein at Thr181 and Thr231. (3/2213)

Phosphorylation of tau protein promotes stability of the axonal cytoskeleton; aberrant tau phosphorylation is implicated in the biogenesis of paired helical filaments (PHF) seen in Alzheimer's disease. Protein kinases and phosphatases that modulate tau phosphorylation have been identified using in vitro techniques; however, the role of these enzymes in vivo has not been determined. We used intraventricular infusions of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) directed against the major brain isoforms of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin to determine how reduced activity of this enzyme would affect tau dephosphorylation. Five-day infusions of antisense ODNs (5 and 10 nmol/day) in rats decreased immunoreactive levels and activity of calcineurin throughout the brain; sense ODNs, scrambled ODNs, and infusion vehicle alone had no effect. When neocortical slices were prepared from antisense ODN-treated rats and incubated for 1 to 2 h in vitro, tau protein remained phosphorylated as determined by using the phosphorylation-sensitive monoclonal antibodies AT-180 (Thr231) and AT-270 (Thr181). In contrast, AT-180 and AT-270 sites were completely dephosphorylated during incubation of neocortical slices from vehicle-infused controls and sense ODN-treated rats. Neocortical slices from antisense-treated rats were incubated with the phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid (100 nM; 10 microM) and FK-520 (5 microM); these preparations showed enhanced tau phosphorylation, consistent with a significant loss of calcineurin activity. Thus, we conclude that phosphorylation of at least two sites on tau protein, namely, Thr181 and Thr231, is regulated by calcineurin. (+info)

Failure of calcineurin inhibitors to prevent pressure-overload left ventricular hypertrophy in rats. (4/2213)

A rapidly emerging body of literature implicates a pivotal role for the Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin as a cellular target for a variety of Ca2+-dependent signaling pathways culminating in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Most of the recent experimental support for this hypothesis is derived from in vitro studies or in vivo studies in transgenic mice expressing activated calcineurin or mutant sarcomeric proteins. The aim of the present study was to test whether calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporin A (CsA) and FK 506, prevent pressure-overload LVH using 2 standard rat models: (1) the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and (2) aortic banding. The major new findings are 2-fold. First, in SHR, LVH (left ventricular weight to body weight ratio) was unaffected by a dose of CsA (5 mg. kg-1. d-1) that was sufficient to raise blood pressure and to inhibit calcineurin-mediated transcriptional activation in skeletal muscle. Second, in rats with aortic banding, LVH was unaffected by FK 506 (0.3 mg. kg-1. d-1) or even higher doses of CsA (10 and 20 mg. kg-1. d-1) that were sufficient to inhibit 90% of total calcineurin phosphatase activity in the hypertrophied myocardium. In the latter experiments, CsA blocked neither the elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressures, a measure of diastolic function, nor the induction in atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA in the hypertrophic ventricles. Thus, in numerous experiments, systemic administration of potent calcineurin inhibitors did not prevent the development of LVH in 2 classic models of pressure-overload hypertrophy. These results demonstrate that pressure-overload hypertrophy can arise through calcineurin-independent pathways. (+info)

Pressure overload induces severe hypertrophy in mice treated with cyclosporine, an inhibitor of calcineurin. (5/2213)

Cardiac hypertrophy is the fundamental adaptation of the adult heart to mechanical load. Recent work has shown that inhibition of calcineurin activity with cyclosporine suppresses the development of hypertrophy in calcineurin transgenic mice and in in vitro systems of neonatal rat cardiocytes stimulated with peptide growth factors. To test the hypothesis that the calcineurin signaling pathway is critical for load-induced hypertrophy in vivo, we examined the effects of cyclosporine treatment on left ventricular hypertrophy induced by experimental ascending aortic stenosis for 4 weeks in mice. Left ventricular systolic pressure was elevated to a similar level in aortic stenosis mice that were treated with cyclosporine versus no drug. Left ventricular mass and myocyte size were similar in treated and untreated aortic stenosis animals and significantly greater than control animals, showing that cyclosporine treatment does not suppress hypertrophic growth. Both treated and untreated animals showed increased left ventricular expression of the load-sensitive gene atrial natriuretic factor. Calcineurin activity was measured in the left ventricle and the spleen from control mice and aortic stenosis mice treated with cyclosporine versus no drug. Levels of calcineurin activity were similar in the spleens of control and untreated aortic stenosis mice. However, calcineurin activity was severely depressed in left ventricular tissue of untreated aortic stenosis mice compared with control mice and was further reduced by cyclosporine treatment. Thus, pathological hypertrophy and cardiac-restricted gene expression induced by pressure overload in vivo are not suppressed by treatment with cyclosporine and do not appear to depend on the elevation of left ventricular calcineurin activity. (+info)

Ca2+-induced apoptosis through calcineurin dephosphorylation of BAD. (6/2213)

The Ca2+-activated protein phosphatase calcineurin induces apoptosis, but the mechanism is unknown. Calcineurin was found to dephosphorylate BAD, a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, thus enhancing BAD heterodimerization with Bcl-xL and promoting apoptosis. The Ca2+-induced dephosphorylation of BAD correlated with its dissociation from 14-3-3 in the cytosol and translocation to mitochondria where Bcl-xL resides. In hippocampal neurons, L-glutamate, an inducer of Ca2+ influx and calcineurin activation, triggered mitochondrial targeting of BAD and apoptosis, which were both suppressible by coexpression of a dominant-inhibitory mutant of calcineurin or pharmacological inhibitors of this phosphatase. Thus, a Ca2+-inducible mechanism for apoptosis induction operates by regulating BAD phosphorylation and localization in cells. (+info)

Yeast calcineurin regulates nuclear localization of the Crz1p transcription factor through dephosphorylation. (7/2213)

Calcineurin, a Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein phosphatase, regulates Ca2+-dependent processes in a wide variety of cells. In the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, calcineurin effects Ca2+-dependent changes in gene expression through regulation of the Crz1p transcription factor. We show here that calcineurin dephosphorylates Crz1p and that this results in translocation of Crz1p to the nucleus. We identify a region of Crz1p that is required for calcineurin-dependent regulation of its phosphorylation, localization, and activity, and show that this region has significant sequence simlarity to a portion of NF-AT, a family of mammalian transcription factors whose localization is also regulated by calcineurin. Thus, the mechanism of Ca2+/calcineurin-dependent signaling shows remarkable conservation between yeast and mammalian cells. (+info)

A selective role of calcineurin aalpha in synaptic depotentiation in hippocampus. (8/2213)

Pharmacological studies have suggested that long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) and depotentiation, three forms of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, require the activity of the phosphatase calcineurin. At least two different isoforms of calcineurin are found in the central nervous system. To investigate whether all of these forms of synaptic plasticity require the same isoforms of calcineurin, we have examined LTD, depotentiation, and LTP in mice lacking the predominant calcineurin isoform in the central nervous system, Aalpha-/- mice. Depotentiation was abolished completely whereas neither LTD nor LTP were affected. These studies provide genetic evidence that the Aalpha isoform of calcineurin is important for the reversal of LTP in the hippocampus and indicate that depotentiation and LTD operate through somewhat different molecular mechanisms. (+info)

Calcineurin inhibitors and azathioprine have been linked with post-transplant malignancies and skin cancers in organ transplant ... It is a macrolide lactone and acts by inhibiting calcineurin. The drug is used primarily in liver and kidney transplantations, ... It binds to the immunophilin FKBP1A, followed by the binding of the complex to calcineurin and the inhibition of its ... Like tacrolimus, ciclosporin (Novartis' Sandimmune) is a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI). It has been in use since 1983 and is one ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunosuppressive_drug

"Calcineurin Inhibitor Nephrotoxicity." Clinical Journal of The American Society of Nephrology, vol. 4, no. 2, 2009, pp. 481-508 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnie_Sarwal

Naesens M, Kuypers DR, Sarwal M (2009). "Calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity". Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 4 (2): 481-509. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephrotoxicity

... which acts via calmodulin to activate calcineurin. Calcineurin then dephosphorylates the transcription factor nuclear factor of ... Tacrolimus inhibits calcineurin, which is involved in the production of interleukin-2, a molecule that promotes the development ... ISBN 978-0-07-144040-0. Liu J, Farmer JD, Lane WS, Friedman J, Weissman I, Schreiber SL (August 1991). "Calcineurin is a common ... Tacrolimus is a macrolide calcineurin inhibitor. In T-cells, activation of the T-cell receptor normally increases intracellular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacrolimus

... 's main effect is to lower the activity of T-cells; it does so by inhibiting calcineurin in the calcineurin- ... which acts via calmodulin to activate calcineurin. Calcineurin then dephosphorylates the transcription factor NF-AT (nuclear ... Youn TJ, Piao H, Kwon JS, Choi SY, Kim HS, Park DG, Kim DW, Kim YG, Cho MC (December 2002). "Effects of the calcineurin ... It does this by forming a complex with cyclophilin to block the phosphatase activity of calcineurin, which in turn decreases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclosporin

In molecular biology, the calcipressin family of proteins negatively regulate calcineurin by direct binding. They are essential ... Calcipressin 1 is a phosphoprotein that increases its capacity to inhibit calcineurin when phosphorylated at the conserved ... Calcipressin 1 is also known as modulatory calcineurin-interacting protein 1 (MCIP1), Adapt78 and Down syndrome critical region ... Parry RV, June CH (September 2003). "Calcium-independent calcineurin regulation". Nat. Immunol. 4 (9): 821-3. doi:10.1038/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcipressin

... inducing a conformational change of the protein such that it can then bind and activate calcineurin. Calcineurin, in turn, ... When dephosphorylated by Calcineurin translocation of NFAT into the nucleus is possible. Additionally, there is evidence that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-cell_receptor

Calcineurin-binding protein cabin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CABIN1 gene. Calcineurin plays an important ... "Entrez Gene: CABIN1 calcineurin binding protein 1". Lai MM, Luo HR, Burnett PE, Hong JJ, Snyder SH (Nov 2000). "The calcineurin ... The protein encoded by this gene binds specifically to the activated form of calcineurin and inhibits calcineurin-mediated ... Sun L, Youn HD, Loh C, Stolow M, He W, Liu JO (Jun 1998). "Cabin 1, a negative regulator for calcineurin signaling in T ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CABIN1

These complexes inhibit calcineurin, block dephosphorylation of the transcription factor NFAT of activated T-cells and its ... Liu J, Farmer JD, Lane WS, Friedman J, Weissman I, Schreiber SL (August 1991). "Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin- ... Cyclosporine and tacrolimus are calcineurin inhibitors. Both substances are structurally different but have the same mechanism ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graft-versus-host_disease

Calcineurin activates TAK1 and NLK kinase, which can interfere with TCF/ß-Catenin signaling in the canonical Wnt pathway. ... Increased calcium also activates calcineurin and CaMKII. CaMKII induces activation of the transcription factor NFAT, which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wnt_signaling_pathway

Calcineurin subunit B type 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PPP3R2 gene. Among its related pathways are MAPK ... 2007). "The calcineurin activity profiles of cyclosporin and tacrolimus are different in stable renal transplant patients". ... 2007). "Calcineurin potentiates the activation of procaspase-3 by accelerating its proteolytic maturation". J. Biol. Chem. 282 ... Jang H, Cho EJ, Youn HD (2007). "A new calcineurin inhibition domain in Cabin1". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 359 (1): 129-35 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP3R2

When intracellular calcium reaches a threshold, it will activate the calcineurin /NFAT pathway. DAG activates the calcineurin/ ... The mechanism of how TRPC channels promote cardiac hypertrophy is through activation of the calcineurin pathway and the ... canonical transient receptor potential channels promote cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through activation of calcineurin signaling ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRPC

PGC-1α leads to calcineurin activation. Akt and calcineurin are both activators of NF kappa B (p65). Through their activation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPARGC1A

They also showed that NFAT was regulated by calcium and the calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin, which removes phosphate ... Hogan, P. G.; Chen, L.; Nardone, J.; Rao, A. (2003-09-15). "Transcriptional regulation by calcium, calcineurin, and NFAT". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjana_Rao

... a novel T-cell-specific immunophilin capable of calcineurin inhibition". Mol. Cell. Biol. 15 (8): 4395-402. doi:10.1128/mcb. ... It is thought to mediate calcineurin inhibition. It also interacts functionally with mature corticoid receptor hetero-complexes ... and FK506-binding protein that can mediate calcineurin inhibition". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 232 (2): 437-43. doi:10.1006 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FKBP5

Graef IA, Chen F, Chen L, Kuo A, Crabtree GR (Jun 2001). "Signals transduced by Ca(2+)/calcineurin and NFATc3/c4 pattern the ... Molkentin JD, Lu JR, Antos CL, Markham B, Richardson J, Robbins J, Grant SR, Olson EN (Apr 1998). "A calcineurin-dependent ... "Entrez Gene: NFATC4 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 4". Yang T, Davis RJ, Chow CW (Oct ... Crabtree GR (Mar 1999). "Generic signals and specific outcomes: signaling through Ca2+, calcineurin, and NF-AT". Cell. 96 (5): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFATC4

The orthogonal CID pair was used to inhibit calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation of nuclear factor of activated T cells in a ... Belshaw, Peter J.; Schreiber, Stuart L. (February 1997). "Cell-Specific Calcineurin Inhibition by a Modified Cyclosporin". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bump_and_hole

The protein encoded by this gene interacts with calcineurin A and inhibits calcineurin-dependent signaling pathways of genetic ... DSCR1 in human is located at the centromeric border of the DSCR and encodes an inhibitor of calcineurin/ NFAT (nuclear factor ... Ermak G, Hench KJ, Chang KT, Sachdev S, Davies KJ (May 2009). "Regulator of calcineurin (RCAN1-1L) is deficient in Huntington ... DSCR1 Consist of putative functional motifs and calcineurin binding domain. DSCR1 contains two proline-rich SH3 binding domain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSCR1

21, 4066-4073, "Calcineurin Links Ca++ Dysregulation with Brain Aging"( Chen L, Willis SN, Wei A, Smith BJ, Fletcher JI, Hinds ... BAD phosphorylation is thus anti-apoptotic, and BAD dephosphorylation (e.g., by Ca2+-stimulated Calcineurin) is pro-apoptotic. ... "Ca2+-induced apoptosis through calcineurin dephosphorylation of BAD". Science. 284 (5412): 339-43. Bibcode:1999Sci...284..339W ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bcl-2-associated_death_promoter

Paterson JM, Smith SM, Harmar AJ, Antoni FA (1995). "Control of a novel adenylyl cyclase by calcineurin". Biochem. Biophys. Res ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADCY9

This phosphorylation can be reversed by the phosphatase, calcineurin. The phosphorylation of the isozymes is accompanied by a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDE1

It has been shown in vitro that pimecrolimus binds to FKBP1A and also inhibits calcineurin.[citation needed] Thus pimecrolimus ... Pimecrolimus is an immunomodulating agent of the calcineurin inhibitor class used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (eczema ... Spergel JM, Leung DY (2006). "Safety of topical calcineurin inhibitors in atopic dermatitis: evaluation of the evidence". Curr ... Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are both calcineurin inhibitors and function as immunosuppressants. In January 2006, the United ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pimecrolimus

1998). "A calcineurin-dependent transcriptional pathway for cardiac hypertrophy". Cell. 93 (2): 215-28. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GATA4

Frey N, Richardson JA, Olson EN (2001). "Calsarcins, a novel family of sarcomeric calcineurin-binding proteins". Proc. Natl. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYOZ1

Nutrient depletion induces TFEB dephosphorylation and subsequent nuclear translocation via the phosphatase calcineurin. TFEB ... "Lysosomal calcium signalling regulates autophagy through calcineurin and TFEB". Nature Cell Biology. 17 (3): 288-99. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TFEB

Topical corticosteroid therapy is the most commonly used treatment, and topical calcineurin inhibitors have also been used ... Stern RS (2006). "Topical calcineurin inhibitors labeling: putting the "box" in perspective". Archives of Dermatology. 142 (9 ... and topical calcineurin inhibitors have also been used successfully. Newer tests on patients showed that a less harmful off- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanitis_circinata

Mice lacking the MYOZ2 gene (MYOZ2-/-) are generally sensitized to calcineurin signaling in both muscle types. In slow-skeletal ... Calsarcin-1 binds to alpha-actinin, gamma-filamin, telethonin, ZASP/Cypher and calcineurin. The binding region of calsarcin-1 ... However, upon calcineurin activation or pressure overload-induced pathologic hypertrophy, MYOZ2-/- exhibited exaggerated ... Frey N, Richardson JA, Olson EN (December 2000). "Calsarcins, a novel family of sarcomeric calcineurin-binding proteins". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYOZ2

PKC/Ca2+/Calcineurin/Nuclear factor of activated T-cells; and the EGF cellular receptor. In certain cells, activation of FP ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_F_receptor

Recent studies have shown that topical calcineurin inhibitors such as tacrolimus can have an effect similar to corticosteroids ... Maassen, MS; van Doorn, HC (2012). "[Topical treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus with calcineurin inhibitors]". Nederlands ... calcineurin inhibitor) all are effective therapies in treating genital lichen sclerosus. However, randomized-controlled trials ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichen_sclerosus

1997). "Calcineurin A alpha (PPP3CA), calcineurin A beta (PPP3CB) and calcineurin B (PPP3R1) are located on human chromosomes 4 ... 1996). "Crystal structures of human calcineurin and the human FKBP12-FK506-calcineurin complex". Nature. 378 (6557): 641-4. doi ... Guerini D, Krinks MH, Sikela JM, Hahn WE, Klee CB (Mar 1990). "Isolation and sequence of a cDNA clone for human calcineurin B, ... 2001). "Deletion of calcineurin and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) binding domain of Cabin1 results in enhanced cytokine gene ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPP3CB

Calcineurin is a heterodimer of a 61-kD calmodulin-binding catalytic subunit, calcineurin A and a 19-kD Ca2+-binding regulatory ... Calcineurin is the target of a class of drugs called calcineurin inhibitors, which include ciclosporin, voclosporin, ... Calcineurin/NFAT signaling is required for perinatal lung maturation and function. Calcineurin inhibitors such as tacrolimus ... Wang MG, Yi H, Guerini D, Klee CB, McBride OW (1996). "Calcineurin A alpha (PPP3CA), calcineurin A beta (PPP3CB) and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcineurin

Inhibiting the calcineurin-NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) signaling pathway with a regulator of calcineurin-derived ... Calcineurin signaling and muscle remodeling. Cell. 2000;101:689-92.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRefGoogle Scholar ... Future studies showed that the DSCR1 gene product is a calcineurin regulator, and the new name "regulator of calcineurin (RCAN ... Renaming the DSCR1/Adapt78 gene family as RCAN: regulators of calcineurin. FASEB J. 2007;21:3023-8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef ...

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-319-67199-4_389

The calcineurin-like phosphoesterases are a family of enzymes related to calcineurin. It includes a diverse range of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcineurin-like_phosphoesterase

Crystal structures of human calcineurin and the human FKBP12-FK506-calcineurin complex.. Kissinger, C.R., Parge, H.E., Knighton ... Calcineurin (CaN) is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphate which is critical for several ... Calcineurin (CaN) is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphate which is critical for several ... The site of binding of FKBP12-FK506 appears to be shared by other non-competitive inhibitors of calcineurin, including a ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1AUI

Calcineurin inhibitors/everolimus/methylprednisolone. Post-transplant diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy: case report ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40278-019-56682-8

Calcineurin activation is central to α-syn toxicity in yeast. (A) Control and HiTox strains lacking calcineurin (cnb1Δ) were ... calcineurin A, CNA) and an activating regulatory subunit (calcineurin B, CNB). As intracellular Ca2+ levels rise, Ca2+ binds to ... Calcineurin is critical for α-synuclein toxicity. Gabriela Caraveo, Pavan K. Auluck, Luke Whitesell, Chee Yeun Chung, Valeriya ... Calcineurin is critical for α-synuclein toxicity. Gabriela Caraveo, Pavan K. Auluck, Luke Whitesell, Chee Yeun Chung, Valeriya ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/111/34/E3544?ijkey=88daf76ce1e6fcf5137c6c20e751590eb55e0329&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

We also found that M. circinelloides encodes three calcineurin catalytic A subunits (CnaA, CnaB, and CnaC) and one calcineurin ... Disruption of the cnbR gene encoding the sole calcineurin B subunit necessary for calcineurin activity yielded mutants locked ... Calcineurin Plays Key Roles in the Dimorphic Transition and Virulence of the Human Pathogenic Zygomycete Mucor circinelloides. ... Lee, S. C., Li, A., Calo, S., & Heitman, J. (2013). Calcineurin Plays Key Roles in the Dimorphic Transition and Virulence of ...

https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/0308488a-5685-3b24-94b5-8fb568aebdb3/

Posttransplantation hypertension related to calcineurin inhibitors. Liver Transpl, 6: 521-530. doi: 10.1053/jlts.2000.9737 ...

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1053/jlts.2000.9737/references?globalMessage=0&systemMessage=Wiley+Online+Library+is+migrating+to+a+new+platform+powered+by+Atypon%2C+the+leading+provider+of+scholarly+publishing+platforms.+The+new+Wiley+Online+Library+will+be+migrated+over+the+weekend+of+February+24+and+25+and+will+be+live+on+February+26%2C+2018.+For+more+information%2C+please+visit+our+migration+page%3Ahttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.wileyactual.com%2FWOLMigration%2F

Redox response of the endogenous calcineurin inhibitor Adapt 78.. Narayan AV1, Stadel R, Hahn AB, Bhoiwala DL, Cornielle G, ... Adapt 78 (DSCR 1/calcipressin/MCIP 1) is a potent natural inhibitor of calcineurin, an important intracellular phosphatase that ... which may contribute to its known calcineurin-regulating and cytoprotective activities, and further suggest that Adapt 78 plays ... and accompanied by induction of the classic immune response mediator and calcineurin-pathway-stimulated interleukin-2. These ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed_reviews&from_uid=16109302

Calcineurin inhibitors under occlusion - I couldve had a V8!. By Warren R. Heymann, MD. June 6, 2017. I have used topical ... If looked at from that vantage point, why not give calcineurin inhibitors under occlusion a try?. 1. Bhari N, Gupta S. ... There is a paucity of articles addressing systemic absorption of topical calcineurin inhibitors under occlusion.. Hartmann et ... For whatever reason, I have never thought about using calcineurin inhibitors under occlusion, although I recommend them in ...

https://www.aad.org/dw/dw-insights-and-inquiries/medical-dermatology/calcineurin-inhibitors-under-occlusion-i-could-ve-had-a-v8

A Role for Calcineurin Dysfunction in Schizophrenia? Message Subject. (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Science ... Miyakawa et al. subjected a strain of mutant mice that lacked forebrain calcineurin to a battery of tests and observed a ... In an accompanying article, Gerber et al. demonstrated that the PPP3CC gene, which encodes the calcineurin γ catalytic subunit ... The authors discuss possible mechanisms whereby abnormalities in calcineurin signaling could predispose to the pathogenesis of ...

http://stke.sciencemag.org/content/2003/193/TW291

... Manabu Kubokawa, Kazuyoshi ... Roles of calcineurin (CaN), a Ca2+/calmodulin- (CaM-) dependent protein phosphatase, and Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase-II ( ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/er/2011/587359/abs/

Overactivation of calcineurin induced by amyloid-beta and prion proteins.. Agostinho P1, Lopes JP, Velez Z, Oliveira CR. ... The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), through the dephosphorylation of the proapoptotic protein BAD, may ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18295934?dopt=Abstract

Galactokinase Is a Novel Modifier of Calcineurin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Drosophila. Teresa E. Lee, Lin Yu, Matthew J. Wolf ... Galactokinase Is a Novel Modifier of Calcineurin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Drosophila. Teresa E. Lee, Lin Yu, Matthew J. Wolf ... Galactokinase Is a Novel Modifier of Calcineurin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Drosophila. Teresa E. Lee, Lin Yu, Matthew J. Wolf ... Galactokinase Is a Novel Modifier of Calcineurin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Drosophila Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded ...

http://www.genetics.org/content/early/2014/07/24/genetics.114.166777.supplemental

Calcineurin acts as a calcium-activated phosphatase that dephosphorylates various substrates, including members of the nuclear ... Here, we report that calcineurin A (CNA), encoded by PPP3CB or PPP3CC, is constitutively ubiquitinated on lysine 327, and this ... Notably, our results highlight a critical mechanism for the regulation of calcineurin activity and a novel immunosuppressive ... However, the detailed mechanism regulating the recruitment of NFATs to calcineurin remains poorly understood. ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/123801/pdf

P-glycoprotein expression was less pronounced in renal biopsy specimens with calcineurin inhibitor-induced nephrotoxicity ... Calcineurin inhibitor-induced nephrotoxicity and renal expression of P-glycoprotein Pharmacotherapy. 2005 Jun;25(6):779-89. doi ... Conclusion: P-glycoprotein expression was less pronounced in renal biopsy specimens with calcineurin inhibitor-induced ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15927895/?dopt=Abstract

Calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporin A (CsA) are the mainstay of immunosuppressive treatment for organ transplant ... Opposing roles for calcineurin and ATF3 in squamous skin cancer Nature. 2010 May 20;465(7296):368-72. doi: 10.1038/nature08996 ... Calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporin A (CsA) are the mainstay of immunosuppressive treatment for organ transplant ... Thus, intact calcineurin/NFAT signalling is critically required for p53 and senescence-associated mechanisms that protect ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20485437/?dopt=Abstract

Compare calcineurin binding protein 1 ELISA Kits from leading suppliers on Biocompare. View specifications, prices, citations, ... calcineurin binding protein 1 ELISA Kits. The ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a well-established antibody-based ... Your search returned 101 calcineurin binding protein 1 ELISA ELISA Kit across 8 suppliers. ...

https://www.biocompare.com/pfu/110627/soids/2-320310/ELISA_Kit/ELISA_calcineurin_binding_protein_1

Maybe yeast will help develop new strategies for calcineurin-related diseases!. Youve gotta "hand" it to calcineurin! (from ... Yeast calcineurin is so similar to human calcineurin that it too is affected by these drugs! ... Remember that the Cnb1 protein is the regulatory subunit of calcineurin, and calcineurin activates a transcription factor by ... Calcineurin is actually made up of two different proteins that bind together. One is a catalytic protein subunit (called CNA) ...

https://www.yeastgenome.org/blog/almost-all-hands-on-deck-for-calcineurin

Search of: MYCOPHENOLIC ACID AND Mycophenolate Sodium AND Calcineurin Inhibitors - Modify Search. Expert Search ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results/refine?term=MYCOPHENOLIC+ACID+AND+Mycophenolate+Sodium+AND+Calcineurin+Inhibitors

Calcineurin B homologous protein 3Add BLAST. 213. Amino acid modifications. Feature key. Position(s). DescriptionActions. ... "Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 binds with high affinity to the CHP binding domain of the human sodium/proton exchanger NHE1 ... "Calcineurin B homologous protein 3 binds with high affinity to the CHP binding domain of the human sodium/proton exchanger NHE1 ... Belongs to the calcineurin regulatory subunit family. CHP subfamily.Curated. Phylogenomic databases. evolutionary genealogy of ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q96BS2

Non-Immunologic Actions of Calcineurin Inhibitors in Proteinuric Kidney Diseases ... Keywords: glomerular podocyte, cell signaling pathways, calcineurin, calcineurin inhibitors, synaptopodin, Rho GTPases ... Calcineurin is activated in diabetes and is required for glomerular hypertrophy and ECM accumulation. Am J Physiol Renal ... Calcineurin (CN) activation promotes apoptosis of glomerular podocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Mol Endocrinol (2011) 25(8): ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2014.00181/full

Calcineurin / antagonists & inhibitors*. Cholesterol / blood. Cyclosporine / therapeutic use. Drug Therapy, Combination. Female ... CONCLUSION: Calcineurin-inhibiting drugs, CsA and tacrolimus, have pro-oxidant activity and they increase the susceptibility of ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Calcineurin-inhibitors-enhance-low-density/10412758.html

Calcineurin inhibitor withdrawal or tapering for kidney transplant recipients. What is the issue? ... Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) can reduce acute transplant rejection and immediate graft loss but are associated with significant ... Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI, cyclosporin and tacrolimus) are an important part of treatment to suppress the immune system to ... Calcineurin inhibitor withdrawal or tapering for kidney transplant recipients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017, ...

https://www.cochrane.org/CD006750/RENAL_calcineurin-inhibitor-withdrawal-or-tapering-kidney-transplant-recipients

Topical calcineurin inhibitors increase the risk of viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoal infections, including opportunistic ...

https://www.sharecare.com/health/dermatology-drugs/do-topical-calcineurin-inhibitors-effects

Ausgesuchte Qualitäts-Hersteller für Calcineurin A Antikörper. Hier bestellen. ... Monoklonale und polyklonale Calcineurin A Antikörper für viele Methoden. ... Bezeichner auf Proteinebene für anti-Calcineurin A (CAN) Antikörper calcineurin A , Calcineurin A , protein phosphatase-2B , ... Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) Calcineurin A (CAN) Interaktionspartner * results suggest a key role for calcineurin in ...

https://www.antikoerper-online.de/abstract/Calcineurin+A+

Invitrogen Anti-Calcineurin B Monoclonal (212306), Catalog # MA5-23933. Tested in Western Blot (WB) applications. This antibody ... Cite Calcineurin B Monoclonal Antibody (212306). The following product was used in this experiment: Calcineurin B Monoclonal ... Calcineurin (also referred to as protein phosphatase 2B) is composed of two subunits; calcineurin A (CnA), a 60 kDa catalytic ... Protein Aliases: ALNB1; calcineurin B, type I (19kDa); Calcineurin subunit B type 1; PP2B beta 1; protein phospatase 3, ...

https://www.thermofisher.com/antibody/product/Calcineurin-B-Antibody-clone-212306-Monoclonal/MA5-23933

Invitrogen Anti-Calcineurin B Polyclonal, Catalog # PA5-29939. Tested in Western Blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), ... Cite Calcineurin B Polyclonal Antibody. The following antibody was used in this experiment: Calcineurin B Polyclonal Antibody ... Calcineurin (also referred to as protein phosphatase 2B) is composed of two subunits; calcineurin A (CnA), a 60 kDa catalytic ... Knockdown of Calcineurin B was achieved by transfecting HeLa with Calcineurin B specific siRNAs (Silencer® select Product # ...

https://www.thermofisher.com/antibody/product/Calcineurin-B-Antibody-Polyclonal/PA5-29939

... Updated ... Ring J, Mohrenschlager M, Henkel V. The US FDA black box warning for topical calcineurin inhibitors: an ongoing controversy. ... Establishing the long-term safety profile of topical calcineurin inhibitors is of paramount importance because they appear to ... encoded search term (What are the safety profiles of topical calcineurin inhibitors for the treatment of pediatric atopic ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/911574-37125/what-are-the-safety-profiles-of-topical-calcineurin-inhibitors-for-the-treatment-of-pediatric-atopic-dermatitis-ad

Donor Alloantigen Reactive Tregs (darTregs) for Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI) Reduction (ARTEMIS). The safety and scientific ... Currently receiving a Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI) with 12 hour trough levels consistently ,6.0 ng/mL for tacrolimus; ,150 ng/mL ... Number and Proportion of Liver Transplant Subjects Who Are Able to Reduce Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI) Dosing by 75 Per Cent ... Subjects:1.) who fulfill study eligibility criteria will withdraw IS 2.) enter the study on calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02474199

Calcineurin is the target of a class of drugs called calcineurin inhibitors, which include ciclosporin, voclosporin, pimecrolimus and tacrolimus. (wikipedia.org)
Calcineurin inhibitors are prescribed for adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a single drug or in combination with methotrexate. (wikipedia.org)
Calcineurin inhibitors such as tacrolimus are used to suppress the immune system in organ allotransplant recipients to prevent rejection of the transplanted tissue. (wikipedia.org)
The increased outflow of sympathetic efferents is a result of neural reflex due to the activation of renal and other subdiaphragmtic visceral afferents by calcineurin inhibitors. (wikipedia.org)
The site of binding of FKBP12-FK506 appears to be shared by other non-competitive inhibitors of calcineurin, including a natural anchoring protein. (rcsb.org)
Calcineurin inhibitors under occlusion - I could've had a V8! (aad.org)
For whatever reason, I have never thought about using calcineurin inhibitors under occlusion, although I recommend them in sensitive that are naturally occluded (such as in cases of inverse psoriasis or inverse lichen planus). (aad.org)
There is a paucity of articles addressing systemic absorption of topical calcineurin inhibitors under occlusion. (aad.org)
Calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporin A (CsA) are the mainstay of immunosuppressive treatment for organ transplant recipients. (nih.gov)
Calcineurin inhibitors enhance low-density lipoprotein oxidation in transplant patients. (biomedsearch.com)
Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI, cyclosporin and tacrolimus) are an important part of treatment to suppress the immune system to prevent rejection of transplanted kidneys. (cochrane.org)
Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) can reduce acute transplant rejection and immediate graft loss but are associated with significant adverse effects such as hypertension and nephrotoxicity which may contribute to chronic rejection. (cochrane.org)
Do topical calcineurin inhibitors have side effects? (sharecare.com)
What are the safety profiles of topical calcineurin inhibitors for the treatment of pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD)? (medscape.com)
Establishing the long-term safety profile of topical calcineurin inhibitors is of paramount importance because they appear to provide an effective alternative to topical corticosteroid treatment in certain patients. (medscape.com)
Topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs) are a class of immunosuppressant drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of moderate to severe eczema (atopic dermatitis) . (verywellhealth.com)
Calcineurin inhibitors revolutionized the field of organ transplantation when they were introduced in the 1980s by suppressing the immune system and preventing organ rejection. (verywellhealth.com)
Topical calcineurin inhibitors work by blocking a protein called calcineurin, which is responsible for activating a type of white blood cell known as a T-cell . (verywellhealth.com)
Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are the cornerstone of immunosuppression for kidney transplantation. (ahrq.gov)
The use of the calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and tacrolimus led to major advances in the field of transplantation, with excellent short-term outcome. (asnjournals.org)
Reduced exposure to calcineurin inhibitors in renal transplantation. (lu.se)
Calcineurin inhibitors have decreased acute rejection and improved early renal allograft survival, but their use has been implicated in the development of chronic nephrotoxicity. (wiley.com)
Treatment with the potentially nephrotoxic calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) cyclosporine and tacrolimus may also contribute to progressive graft dysfunction, eventually leading to chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) ( 3 ). (wiley.com)
We did not find an increased risk of lymphoma in patients treated with topical calcineurin inhibitors. (rti.org)
Furthermore, treatment of cells with the calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporin A or FK506 blocked the apoptotic response, linking calcineurin activation and the subsequent translocation of Bad to cell death. (biochemj.org)
Exposure to mycophenolic acid better predicts immunosuppressive efficacy than exposure to calcineurin inhibitors in renal transplant patients. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Calcineurin inhibitors (FK506, cyclosporin A, and a peptide calcineurin inhibitor [CAIN]) abolished glucose-induced IRS-2 mRNA and protein levels, whereas expression of a constitutively active calcineurin increased them. (diabetesjournals.org)
Global Calcineurin Inhibitors Market Present Scenario, Ke. (pharmiweb.com)
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the above data points provided are only related to the companies' focus related to global calcineurin inhibitors market. (pharmiweb.com)
The global calcineurin inhibitors market is majorly driven by the high incidence of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis and availability of novel formulation. (pharmiweb.com)
Calcineurin inhibitors are a class of immunosuppressants agent that exerts their action by inhibiting the action of an enzyme called calcineurin. (pharmiweb.com)
Global calcineurin inhibitors market provides details of market share, new developments and product pipeline analysis, impact of domestic and localized market players, analyses opportunities in terms of emerging revenue pockets, changes in market regulations, product approvals, strategic decisions, product launches, geographic expansions and technological innovations in the market. (pharmiweb.com)
Background and objectives In primary FSGS, calcineurin inhibitors have primarily been studied in patients deemed resistant to glucocorticoid therapy. (asnjournals.org)
Results In total, 458 patients were studied (173 treated with glucocorticoids alone, 90 treated with calcineurin inhibitors with or without glucocorticoids, 12 treated with other agents, and 183 not treated with immunosuppressives). (asnjournals.org)
Only tip lesion was associated with initiation of glucocorticoids alone over calcineurin inhibitors. (asnjournals.org)
Conclusions The use of immunosuppressive therapy with calcineurin inhibitors and/or glucocorticoids as part of the early immunosuppressive regimen in primary FSGS was associated with improved renal outcome, but the superiority of calcineurin inhibitors over glucocorticoids alone remained unproven. (asnjournals.org)
To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) with or without calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) in patients with inflammatory myopathy taking prednisolone, but refractory to conventional immunosuppressive therapy. (springer.com)
Growth of Candida albicans planktonic cells is sensitive to the calcineurin inhibitors FK506 and cyclosporine A (CsA) in combination with the azole antifungal fluconazole. (asm.org)
This drug synergism is attributable to two effects: first, calcineurin inhibitors render fluconazole fungicidal rather than simply fungistatic, and second, membrane perturbation by azole inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis increases intracellular calcineurin inhibitor concentrations. (asm.org)
In both in vitro experiments and in an in vivo rat catheter model, C. albicans cells in biofilms were resistant to individually delivered fluconazole or calcineurin inhibitors but exquisitely sensitive to the combination of FK506-fluconazole or CsA-fluconazole. (asm.org)
Topical calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporin A 1%, FK506, pimecrolimus) can be useful for treating chronic blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in addition to lid hygiene and lubricants. (dryeyezone.com)
2014 Even so little is well known about how vertebral NMDAR activity is certainly potentiated by calcineurin inhibitors. (exposed-skin-care.net)
In the present study we used a rat model of CIPS to test the hypothesis that CK2 contributes to increased NMDAR activity in the spinal cord and persistent pain hypersensitivity caused by calcineurin inhibitors. (exposed-skin-care.net)
BACKGROUND: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are essential immunosuppressive drugs after renal transplantation. (eur.nl)
Prior to the rehabilitation consult on post-operative day 42, she had an episode of acute rejection requiring rapid escalation of cyclosporine dosage, later changed to high dose tacrolimus for immunosuppression, resulting in high blood levels of both calcineurin inhibitors. (jefferson.edu)
We aimed to determine whether the calcineurin/NFAT pathway mediates this effect of NHE-1 inhibitors. (ovid.com)
While these cellular regulatory functions of calcineurin make it an attractive antifungal target, the immunosuppressive effects of the currently available calcineurin inhibitors, FK506 and CsA, make it difficult to exploit the antifungal potential due to conservation of calcineurin in the host and the fungal pathogen. (aspergillus.org.uk)
The identification of specific differences between human FKBP12 and A. fumigatus FKBP12 with respect to calcineurin inhibition broadens insight into developing novel non-immunosuppressive calcineurin inhibitors for effective antifungal targeting. (aspergillus.org.uk)
Because calcineurin is the target of potent inhibitors in widespread clinical use, cyclosporine and FK506 (tacrolimus), it is an attractive drug target for novel antifungal agents. (asm.org)
We therefore investigated the immunosuppressive effect of calcineurin inhibitors and steroids on general T-cell functionality after polyclonal stimulation of whole blood samples. (biomedcentral.com)
Susceptibility towards calcineurin inhibitors showed interindividual differences. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, calcineurin inhibitors differentially affected circadian rhythm of T-cell function, as patients on cyclosporine A showed a biphasic decrease in T-cell reactivity after drug-intake in the morning and evening, whereas T-cell reactivity in patients on tacrolimus remained rather stable. (biomedcentral.com)
The latter two inhibitors also prevented the FK506-evoked increase as did a calcineurin inhibitory peptide (CiP). (biologists.org)

The inhibition of calcineurin by cyclosporine and FK506 causes hypertension and hypertensive heart disease. (wikipedia.org)
Fruman DA, Bierer BE, Benes JE, Burakoff SJ, Austen KF, Katz HR. The complex of FK506-binding protein 12 and FK506 inhibits calcineurin phosphatase activity and IgE activation-induced cytokine transcripts, but not exocytosis, in mouse mast cells. (springer.com)
The immunosuppressive drugs, cyclosporin A and FK506, when bound to the immunophilins, cyclophilin and FKBP respectively, inhibit dephosphorylation and activation of NF-AT by calcineurin. (thermofisher.com)
Inhibition of calcineurin by FK506, cysclosporin A, or inducible antisense calcineurin expression impaired sclerotial development at the prematuration phase and increased germination of preformed sclerotia. (apsnet.org)
The effect of FK506, an inhibitor of calcineurin activation, on positive and negative selection in CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) thymocytes was examined in normal mice and in a TCR transgenic mouse model. (rupress.org)
In addition, the shutdown of recombination activating gene 1 (RAG-1) transcription and the downregulation of CD4 and CD8 expression were inhibited by FK506 treatment suggesting that the activation of calcineurin is required for the first step (or the very early intracellular signaling events) of TCR-mediated positive selection of DP thymocytes. (rupress.org)
C. albicans strains lacking FKBP12 or expressing a dominant FK506-resistant calcineurin mutant subunit (Cnb1-1) formed biofilms that were resistant to FK506-fluconazole but susceptible to CsA-fluconazole, demonstrating that drug synergism is mediated via direct calcineurin inhibition. (asm.org)
Previous work showed that Ca2+ tolerance can be restored to pmc1 mutants by inactivation of calcineurin, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase sensitive to the immunosuppressive drug FK506. (asm.org)
The specific calcineurin inhibitor FK506 was used to induce CIPS in the rats as we previously explained (Chen et al. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Critical molecular understanding of calcineurin-immunophilin-immunosuppressor complexes would facilitate the design of novel non-immunosuppressive CsA and FK506 analogs for fungal-specific targeting of calcineurin. (aspergillus.org.uk)
We solved the crystal structure of calcineurin-FK506-FKBP12 complex in A. fumigatus and using site-directed mutagenic approaches, we constructed several mutations in the CnaA catalytic subunit of calcineurin and FKBP12. (aspergillus.org.uk)
FKBP12 constructs were GFP tagged to visualize the binding of FKBP12 to calcineurin in the presence of FK506 in vivo by fluorescence microscopy. (aspergillus.org.uk)
Human FKBP12 bound to A. fumigatus calcineurin in the presence of FK506 but did not inhibit the function of A. fumigatus calcineurin. (aspergillus.org.uk)
In addition, NMR studies on FK506-FKBP12-binding, and molecular dynamic simulations of the A. fumigatus calcineurin-FK506-FKBP12 complex based on the crystal structures, revealed that a key Phe residue at position 88 (F88) in 80s loop of A. fumigatus FKBP12 that is not conserved in human FKBP12 is essential for binding and inhibiting fungal calcineurin. (aspergillus.org.uk)
Our study for the first time provides the structural basis for the mechanism of inhibition of A. fumigatus calcineurin by FK506-FKBP12 complex. (aspergillus.org.uk)
Here we have explored the synergistic potential of combining the calcineurin inhibitor FK506 or its nonimmunosuppressive analog, L-685,818, with other antifungal agents and examined the molecular basis of FK506 action by using genetically engineered fungal strains that lack the FK506 target proteins FKBP12 and calcineurin. (asm.org)
We demonstrate that FK506 exhibits marked synergistic activity with the H + ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A 1 via a novel action distinct from calcineurin loss of function. (asm.org)
FK506 also exhibits synergistic activity with the pneumocandin MK-0991/caspofungin acetate (formerly L-743,873), which targets the essential β-1,3 glucan synthase, and in this case, FK506 action is mediated via FKBP12-dependent inhibition of calcineurin. (asm.org)
Finally, we demonstrate that FK506 and fluconazole have synergistic activity that is independent of both FKBP12 and calcineurin and may involve the known ability of FK506 to inhibit multidrug resistance pumps, which are known to export azoles from fungal cells. (asm.org)
Calcineurin is the target of the immunosuppressive antifungal drugs cyclosporine (CsA) and FK506, and these agents are toxic to C. neoformans ( 7 , 39 , 40 ). (asm.org)
Release from the IP 3 R may be modulated by endogenous proteins associated with the receptor, such as the 12 kDa FK506-binding protein (FKBP12), either directly or indirectly by inhibition of the phosphatase calcineurin. (biologists.org)
However, FK506, which with FKBP12 inhibits calcineurin (but not mTOR), potentiated the IP 3 -evoked [Ca 2+ ] c increase. (biologists.org)
The calcineurin antagonist medicines cyclosporin and FK506 have already been observed by many laboratories to stop hypertrophic reactions from the center in animal types of pressure overload or hereditary cardiomyopathy (8-13) but additional groups through the use of ostensibly similar versions have didn't observe such results (14 15 Different experimental techniques are necessary to solve this controversy. (cylch.org)

CONCLUSION: Calcineurin-inhibiting drugs, CsA and tacrolimus, have pro-oxidant activity and they increase the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation. (biomedsearch.com)
The main question-whether nephrotoxicity is secondary to the actions of cyclosporine and tacrolimus on the calcineurin-NFAT pathway-remains largely unanswered. (asnjournals.org)
The authors critically review the current evidence relating systemic blood levels of cyclosporine and tacrolimus to calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity, and summarize the data suggesting that local exposure to cyclosporine or tacrolimus could be more important than systemic exposure. (asnjournals.org)
Is T-lymphocyte Calcineurin Phosphatase Up-regulated by Treatment With Tacrolimus? (clinicaltrials.gov)
The purpose of this trial is to evaluate whether mycophenolate mofetil as monotherapy or with reduced dose cyclosporine or tacrolimus long-term after liver transplantation is safe and decreases side effects related to calcineurin inhibitor use. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The calcineurin (CaN) inhibitor, tacrolimus, is widely used in patients undergoing allogeneic organ transplantation and in those with certain allergic diseases. (dovepress.com)
The calcineurin (CaN) inhibitor, tacrolimus, is a nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive drug mainly used to treat patients undergoing allogeneic organ transplantation and those with atopic dermatitis. (dovepress.com)
Indeed, we found that tacrolimus (FK-506), a calcineurin inhibitor, successfully suppressed slow fiber-type formation in PHD2-deficient mice. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Calcineurin along with NFAT, may improve the function of diabetics' pancreatic beta cells. (wikipedia.org)
Calcineurin/NFAT signaling is required for perinatal lung maturation and function. (wikipedia.org)
Calcineurin acts as a calcium-activated phosphatase that dephosphorylates various substrates, including members of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family, to trigger their nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. (jci.org)
Here we report that genetic and pharmacological suppression of calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) function promotes tumour formation in mouse skin and in xenografts, in immune compromised mice, of H-ras(V12) (also known as Hras1)-expressing primary human keratinocytes or keratinocyte-derived SCC cells. (nih.gov)
Calcineurin/NFAT inhibition counteracts p53 (also known as TRP53)-dependent cancer cell senescence, thereby increasing tumorigenic potential. (nih.gov)
ATF3, a member of the 'enlarged' AP-1 family, is selectively induced by calcineurin/NFAT inhibition, both under experimental conditions and in clinically occurring tumours, and increased ATF3 expression accounts for suppression of p53-dependent senescence and enhanced tumorigenic potential. (nih.gov)
Thus, intact calcineurin/NFAT signalling is critically required for p53 and senescence-associated mechanisms that protect against skin squamous cancer development. (nih.gov)
Overexpression of dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A and a regulator of calcineurin 1 located on chromosome 21 leads to excessive suppression of the calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling pathway, resulting in reduced expression of a critical angiogenic factor. (go.jp)
However, it is unclear whether the calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway is involved in AD pathology in DS patients. (go.jp)
Here, we investigated the association between the calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway and AD using neuronal cells. (go.jp)
Taken together, our results suggest that a dysregulation in calcineurin-NFAT signaling may contribute to the early onset of AD in people with DS. (go.jp)
The mechanism by which calcineurin initiates differentiation includes transcriptional activation of myogenin, but does not require the participation of NFAT. (rupress.org)
We conclude that commitment of skeletal muscle cells to differentiation is calcium and calcineurin-dependent, but NFAT-independent. (rupress.org)
Calcineurin and NFAT kinases regulate the activity of the NFAT proteins by determining the phosphorylation status of the serine residues, interacting with NFAT proteins at the NHR. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
they rephosphorylate NFAT in the nucleus and thereby promote the nuclear export of NFAT, stopping the NFAT driven transcription after calcineurin activity declines. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
CONCLUSIONS The mechanism behind glucose-induced transcriptional control of IRS-2 gene expression specific to the islet β-cell is mediated by the Ca 2+ /calcineurin/NFAT pathway. (diabetesjournals.org)
Calcineurin (PP2B) is a calcium/calmodulin-activated, serine-threonine phosphatase that transmits signals to the nucleus through the dephosphorylation and translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) transcription factors. (ahajournals.org)
Whereas calcineurin-NFAT signaling has been implicated in regulating the hypertrophic growth of the myocardium, considerable controversy persists as to its role in maintaining versus initiating hypertrophy, its role in pathological versus physiological hypertrophy, and its role in heart failure. (ahajournals.org)
These mice showed robust and calcineurin-specific activation in the heart that was inhibited with cyclosporin A. In the adult heart, NFAT-luciferase activity was upregulated in a delayed, but sustained manner throughout eight weeks of pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure-overload, or more dramatically following myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. (ahajournals.org)
In contrast, physiological hypertrophy as produced in two separate models of exercise training failed to show significant calcineurin-NFAT coupling in the heart at multiple time points, despite measurable increases in heart to body weight ratios. (ahajournals.org)
Moreover, stimulation of hypertrophy with growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH-IGF-1) failed to activate calcineurin-NFAT signaling in the heart or in culture, despite hypertrophy, activation of Akt, and activation of p70 S6K. (ahajournals.org)
Although a direct cause-and-effect relationship between NFAT-luciferase activity and pathological hypertrophy was not proven here, our results support the hypothesis that separable signaling pathways regulate pathological versus physiological hypertrophic growth of the myocardium, with calcineurin-NFAT potentially serving a regulatory role that is more specialized for maladaptive hypertrophy and heart failure. (ahajournals.org)
Calcineurin is activated by sustained elevations in intracellular calcium, which facilitates binding to its primary downstream effector, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (ahajournals.org)
7 NFAT transcription factors are normally hyperphosphorylated and sequestered in the cytoplasm, but rapidly translocate to the nucleus after calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation. (ahajournals.org)
7 Cardiac-specific activation of calcineurin or its downstream effector NFAT are sufficient to induce a robust hypertrophic response in transgenic mice. (ahajournals.org)
8 Furthermore, genetic inhibition of calcineurin or NFAT has shown the pathway to be necessary for a full hypertrophic response in a number of rodent models. (ahajournals.org)
In contrast to the proposed pathological role for calcineurin-NFAT signaling in the heart, a signaling pathway initiated by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been hypothesized to mediate physiological and developmental growth of the myocardium. (ahajournals.org)
Objective- Calcineurin (Cn) and the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors are critical in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) development and pathology. (ahajournals.org)
SMC phenotypic modulation is a critical event underlying atherosclerosis and in-stent restenosis that involves several signaling cascades, such as the calcineurin (Cn)/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway. (ahajournals.org)
This motif is related to calcineurin docking sites in other substrates, such as NFAT and Crz1p, and is required for regulation of Hph1p by calcineurin. (asm.org)
We demonstrate that nuclear calcineurin was able to act as a nuclear Ca 2+ sensor detecting local Ca 2+ release from the nuclear envelope via IP 3 R. Nuclear calcineurin mutants defective for Ca 2+ binding failed to activate NFAT-dependent transcription. (springer.com)
Under hypertrophic conditions Ca 2+ transients in the nuclear microdomain were significantly higher than in the cytosol providing a basis for sustained calcineurin/NFAT-mediated signaling uncoupled from cytosolic Ca 2+ . (springer.com)
Nuclei, isolated from ventricular myocytes of mice after chronic Ang II treatment, showed an elevation of IP 3 R2 expression which was dependent on calcineurin/NFAT signaling and persisted for 3 weeks after removal of the Ang II stimulus. (springer.com)
Calcineurin acts as an intranuclear Ca 2+ sensor to promote NFAT activity. (springer.com)
IP 3 R2 expression is directly dependent on calcineurin/NFAT. (springer.com)
In conclusion, our data suggest that inactivation of calcineurin/NFAT pathway may underlie the regression of cardiac hyper-trophy induced by NHE-1 inhibition. (ovid.com)
En conclusion, nos résultats donnent à penser que l'inactivation de la voie calcineurine/NFAT pourrait être à l'origine de la régression de l'hypertrophie cardiaque induite par l'inhibition de NHE-1. (ovid.com)
In contrast, barbiturates suppressed the calcineurin-dependent dephosphorylation of NFAT in intact T cells and also inhibited the enzymatic activity of calcineurin in a cell-free system, excluding upstream regulation. (aspetjournals.org)
Activated calcineurin dephosphorylates NFAT, allowing it to translocate to the nucleus and to bind response elements of genes critical for lymphocyte activation and regulation of immune function. (aspetjournals.org)
In cultured skeletal myocytes MCIP1 blocks calcineurin signaling by binding right to the catalytic subunit (CnA) from the calcineurin holoenzyme and inhibiting its activating results on nuclear element of triggered T cells (NFAT) and myocyte enhancer element-2 (MEF2) protein AT13387 that transduce calcineurin-generated indicators to focus on genes (16). (cylch.org)

Abstract 1480: A Cullin 4a E3 Ligase Complex Mediates Rapid Degradation of the Calcineurin Regulatory Protein MCIP1.4 In Cardiac Myocytes. (ahajournals.org)

Calcineurin is a heterodimer of a 61-kD calmodulin-binding catalytic subunit, calcineurin A and a 19-kD Ca2+-binding regulatory subunit, calcineurin B. There are three isozymes of the catalytic subunit, each encoded by a separate gene (PPP3CA, PPP3CB, and PPP3CC) and two isoforms of the regulatory, also encoded by separate genes (PPP3R1, PPP3R2). (wikipedia.org)
When an antigen-presenting cell interacts with a T cell receptor on T cells, there is an increase in the cytoplasmic level of calcium, which activates calcineurin by binding a regulatory subunit and activating calmodulin binding. (wikipedia.org)
demonstrated that the PPP3CC gene, which encodes the calcineurin γ catalytic subunit, mapped to a chromosomal locus previously associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia and displayed a polymorphism that resulted in a nonconservative change in amino acid sequence. (sciencemag.org)
In our yeast friend Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the regulatory CNB protein subunit of the calcineurin complex is encoded by the CNB1 gene. (yeastgenome.org)
Remember that the Cnb1 protein is the regulatory subunit of calcineurin, and calcineurin activates a transcription factor by dephosphorylating it. (yeastgenome.org)
This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin. (antikoerper-online.de)
and a 19 kDa regulatory subunit, calcineurin B (CnB) which, like calmodulin, contains four EF-hand calcium binding sites. (thermofisher.com)
Instead, C. albicans calcineurin is essential for survival in serum, and as a consequence, mutants lacking the calcineurin A or B subunit are compromised for survival in vivo. (asm.org)
We found that inhibition of the Ca2+/Calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase or calcineurin, influenced IGF-1-induced increase in DHPRα1S expression, as detected by recording the luminescence of the DHPRα1S promoter-luciferase fusion construct and by immunoblot analysis of the DHPR α1 subunit. (deepdyve.com)

Inhibition of calcineurin conferred a reduction in cell wall β-1,3-glucan content and increased sensitivity to cell-wall-degrading enzymes and to the glucan synthase inhibitor caspofungin. (apsnet.org)
The higher the dose of GCS, the greater the inhibition of calcineurin activity. (bmj.com)
Furthermore, important A. fumigatus FKBP12 residues in the 40s and 80s loop required for the inhibition of calcineurin were identified. (aspergillus.org.uk)

Activation of the protein phosphatase calcineurin is a fundamental signaling event promoting hypertrophic growth and pathological remodeling of the heart. (ahajournals.org)
5,6 One pathway that has received attention is mediated by the calcium/calmodulin-activated protein phosphatase, calcineurin (PP2B). (ahajournals.org)
The calcium-activated protein phosphatase calcineurin plays a critical role in the virulence of Candida albicans . (asm.org)
Klee CB, Ren H, Wang X (1998) Regulation of the calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase, calcineurin. (springer.com)
We recently demonstrated that the protein phosphatase calcineurin is required for growth at 37°C and virulence of C. neoformans . (asm.org)
We recently demonstrated that the protein phosphatase calcineurin is required for C. neoformans growth at 37°C, and as a consequence, mutant strains lacking calcineurin are avirulent in animal model systems ( 8 , 40 ). (asm.org)
The protein phosphatase calcineurin performs a critical function in the procedures by which various kinds AT13387 cells react to extracellular indicators or environmental strains through adjustments in gene appearance. (cylch.org)

Notably, our results highlight a critical mechanism for the regulation of calcineurin activity and a novel immunosuppressive drug target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. (jci.org)
Calcineurin is a target of immunosuppressive drugs , which are used when people get organ transplants to stop their own bodies from attacking the "foreign" organ. (yeastgenome.org)
A time-to-event model was developed to study the predictive factors of immunosuppressive efficacy in renal transplant patients and to investigate longitudinal calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) and mycophenolic acid (MPA) coexposures and patient characteristics as potential covariates. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The reduction of calcineurin activity is a new element in the immunosuppressive effects of GCS during the treatment of patients with SLE. (bmj.com)
After a literature search and discussion with the transplant team to determine if calcineurin-inhibitor induced pain syndrome (CIPS) was a likely cause for her pain, the patient's immunosuppressive regimen was adjusted, as she was no longer in acute rejection. (jefferson.edu)
Thus, our results demonstrate a novel mechanism of direct inhibition of the calcineurin/calmodulin complex that may explain some of the known immunosuppressive effects associated with barbiturate treatment. (aspetjournals.org)

Depolarization of neural cells induces transcription of the Down syndrome critical region 1 isoform 4 via a calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells-dependent pathway. (springer.com)
This induction was BAPTA, diphenylene iodonium, and N-acetylcysteine inhibitable, and accompanied by induction of the classic immune response mediator and calcineurin-pathway-stimulated interleukin-2. (nih.gov)
Calcineurin is a Ser/Thr, calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase that plays an essential role in the T cell activation pathway. (thermofisher.com)
Calcineurin plays an important role in the T-cell receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway. (antibodies-online.com)
Activation of NFATC2 is regulated by a pathway including calcium influx to the cytoplasm, calmodulin and calcineurin. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 deficiency promotes skeletal muscle fiber-type transition via a calcineurin/NFATc1-dependent pathway. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The calcineurin pathway is one of the pathways responsible for slow muscle fiber transition. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Because calcineurin pathway is activated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), one of the factors induced by HIF-1α, we hypothesized that the stabilization of HIF-1α may lead to slow muscle fiber transition via the activation of calcineurin pathway in skeletal muscles. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The purpose of this study was therefore to examine the effect of HIF-1α stabilization in PHD2 conditional knockout mouse on skeletal muscle fiber-type transition and to elucidate the involvement of calcineurin pathway on muscle fiber-type transition. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In addition, calcineurin and nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFATc1) protein levels were increased in both the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, suggesting that the calcineurin/NFATc1 pathway was responsible for the type I fiber transition regardless of PGC-1α, which responded minimally to PHD2 deficiency. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Taken together, stabilized HIF-1α induced by PHD2 conditional knockout resulted in the transition of muscle fibers toward a slow fiber type via a calcineurin/NFATc1 signaling pathway. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Together, our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which Ca 2+ overload disrupts myofibril integrity by activating a Calcineurin-FoxO-MuRF1-proteosome signaling pathway. (elifesciences.org)
Genetic epistasis analysis revealed that Crz1 and the novel targets Lhp1, Puf4, and Pbp1 function in a branched calcineurin pathway that orchestrates stress survival and virulence. (duke.edu)
This study suggests either extensive evolutionary rewiring of the calcineurin pathway, or alternatively that these novel calcineurin targets have yet to be characterized as calcineurin targets in other organisms. (duke.edu)
These findings identify a new pathway through which it may be possible to regulate calcineurin activity in the heart. (ahajournals.org)
9 Some reports have also shown elevations in calcineurin protein levels or phosphatase activity in failing or hypertrophic human hearts, suggesting that this pathway might regulate pathological remodeling and failure. (ahajournals.org)
These studies illustrate how calcineurin functions in a calcium homeostatic pathway that enables a common human commensal to survive passage through the hostile environment of the bloodstream to establish deep-seated infections and cause disease. (asm.org)

The fact that (1) the reflex activation of efferent sympathetic nerve activity and the increase in blood pressure by cyclosporine are attenuated in synapsin-deficient animal models and (2) synapsins are present in renal afferent/sensory nerve endings suggests that synapsins constitute putative substrates for calcineurin. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, a calcineurin inhibitor, cyclosporine A, also decreased neprilysin activity, leading to increases in amyloid-β peptide levels. (go.jp)
Furthermore, differentiation is inhibited at the commitment stage by either treatment with the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine A (CSA) or expression of CAIN, a physiological inhibitor of calcineurin. (rupress.org)
LX211 is a novel calcineurin inhibitor (CNi) possessing four-fold greater potency, an altered metabolic and pharmakokinetic profile, and potentially improved safety compared to the prototypical CNi, cyclosporine A. Three pivotal dose-ranging clinical trials have been designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of LX211 as a corticosteroid-sparing agent for the management of non-infectious uveitis. (arvojournals.org)

Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) was first isolated by Fuentes et al. (springer.com)
Future studies showed that the DSCR1 gene product is a calcineurin regulator, and the new name "regulator of calcineurin (RCAN)" was adopted to describe the gene function. (springer.com)
Here we report that sleep-like behavior in Drosophila is severely impaired by mutations in sarah ( sra ), a member of the Regulator of Calcineurin (RCAN) family of genes. (jneurosci.org)

Increased cytosolic Ca 2+ and calcineurin activation stimulated Bad translocation since BAPTA [bis-( o -aminophenoxy)ethane- N,N,N ´, N ´-tetra-acetic acid], an intracellular Ca 2+ chelator, and cyclosporin A, a calcineurin inhibitor, significantly reduced translocation. (biochemj.org)

Overexpression of FoxO in wild type cardiomyocytes induced murf1 expression and caused myofibril disarray, whereas inhibiting Calcineurin activity attenuated FoxO-mediated murf1 expression and protected sarcomeres from degradation in ncx1 -deficient hearts. (elifesciences.org)

Adapt 78 (DSCR 1/calcipressin/MCIP 1) is a potent natural inhibitor of calcineurin, an important intracellular phosphatase that mediates many cellular responses to calcium. (nih.gov)
Roles of calcineurin (CaN), a Ca 2+ /calmodulin- (CaM-) dependent protein phosphatase, and Ca 2+ /CaM-dependent protein kinase-II (CaMKII) in modulating K + channel activity and the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) have been investigated in renal tubule epithelial cells. (hindawi.com)
Here, we report that calcineurin A (CNA), encoded by PPP3CB or PPP3CC, is constitutively ubiquitinated on lysine 327, and this polyubiquitin chain is rapidly removed by ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 16 (USP16) in response to intracellular calcium stimulation. (jci.org)
An influx of calcium ions into the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells from either the extracellular environment or intracellular stores leads to calmodulin and calcineurin activation ( 41 ). (asm.org)
Calcineurin activity is regulated by the intracellular concentration of calcium and calmodulin. (aspetjournals.org)

The protein encoded by this gene binds specifically to the activated form of calcineurin and inhibits calcineurin-mediated signal transduction. (antibodies-online.com)
Retroviral-mediated gene transfer of a constitutively active form of calcineurin is able to induce myogenesis only in the presence of extracellular calcium, suggesting that multiple calcium-dependent pathways are required for differentiation. (rupress.org)
Transgenic mice overexpressing a continuously active form of calcineurin in the heart (MHC-CnA) displayed conduction abnormalities and increased arrhythmia vulnerability relative to wildtype (WT). (ovid.com)
However cardiac-specific manifestation of hMCIP1 inhibited cardiac hypertrophy reinduction of fetal gene manifestation and progression to dilated cardiomyopathy that normally result from manifestation of a constitutively active form of calcineurin. (cylch.org)

Asymmetric retraction of growth cone filopodia following focal inactivation of calcineurin. (springer.com)

Addgene: Overexpression and purification of human calcineurin alpha from Escherichia coli and assessment of catalytic functions of residues surrounding the binuclear metal center. (addgene.org)

Two related articles provide evidence suggesting that alterations in signaling from the serine-threonine phosphatase calcineurin may contribute to the pathogenesis of this severe and disabling disease. (sciencemag.org)
The authors discuss possible mechanisms whereby abnormalities in calcineurin signaling could predispose to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. (sciencemag.org)
Is the Subject Area "Calcineurin signaling cascade" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
In this study, we examined in mouse tumor models the role of calcineurin, a key mediator of TCR signaling, and the role of the costimulatory receptor CD28 in the differentiation of resting central Treg into effector Treg endowed with tumor tropism. (jimmunol.org)
T cell receptor-mediated signaling events in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes undergoing thymic selection: requirement of calcineurin activation for thymic positive selection but not negative selection. (rupress.org)
The results of this study suggest that different signaling pathways work in positive and negative selection and that there is a differential dependence on calcineurin activation in the selection processes. (rupress.org)
Signaling events managed by calcineurin promote cardiac hypertrophy but the degree to which such pathways are required to transduce the effects of various hypertrophic stimuli remains uncertain. (cylch.org)
These results demonstrate that levels of hMCIP1 generating no apparent deleterious effects in cells of the normal heart are adequate to inhibit several forms of cardiac hypertrophy and suggest an important part for calcineurin signaling in varied forms of cardiac hypertrophy. (cylch.org)
Many recent studies possess wanted to determine whether calcineurin acts a significant signaling function in types of cardiac hypertrophy that are highly relevant to human being disease. (cylch.org)
Calcineurin (CN), also called protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B), is the only member of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase family which can be activated by Ca 2+ and calmodulin (a Ca 2+ -binding signaling protein) ( Klee, Crouch & Krinks, 1979 ). (peerj.com)

Overactivation of calcineurin induced by amyloid-beta and prion proteins. (nih.gov)
If there was a World Cup soccer championship for cellular proteins, it's a pretty sure bet that calcineurin wouldn't make the team. (yeastgenome.org)
Calcineurin is a calcium-regulated protein phosphatase, meaning that when it is activated by calcium level changes, it removes a phosphate group(s) from other proteins, particularly transcription factors . (yeastgenome.org)
Calcineurin is actually made up of two different proteins that bind together . (yeastgenome.org)
Additionally we are shipping Calcineurin Binding Protein 1 Antibodies (19) and Calcineurin Binding Protein 1 Proteins (5) and many more products for this protein. (antibodies-online.com)
In particular, the mRNA binding proteins and PBs/SGs residents comprise a cohort of novel calcineurin targets that have not been previously linked to calcineurin in mammals or in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (duke.edu)
However, FKBP12 might indirectly modulate Ca 2+ release through two effector proteins: (1) mTOR, which potentiates and (2) calcineurin, which inhibits Ca 2+ release from IP 3 R in smooth muscle. (biologists.org)
Right here we address this objective by producing transgenic mice that overexpress the calcineurin inhibitory proteins myocyte-enriched calcineurin-interacting proteins (MCIP) 1 selectively in the center. (cylch.org)
Other proteins have already been discovered to bind and inhibit calcineurin. (cylch.org)

Drosophila expressing constitutively active calcineurin (CanA act ) in the heart displayed cardiac abnormalities. (genetics.org)

Calcineurin (CaN) is a calcium and calmodulin dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase (also known as protein phosphatase 3, and calcium-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase). (wikipedia.org)
Calcineurin (CaN) is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphate which is critical for several important cellular processes, including T-cell activation. (rcsb.org)
The serine/threonine phosphatase calcineurin (Cn) targets the nuclear factors of activated T cells (NFATs) that activate cytokine genes. (harvard.edu)
Calcineurin is a Ca 2+ -calmodulin-activated serine/threonine-specific protein phosphatase that governs multiple aspects of fungal physiology, including cation homeostasis, morphogenesis, antifungal drug susceptibility, and virulence. (asm.org)
Calcineurin is a calcium-activated serine-threonine-specific protein phosphatase that is conserved from yeasts to mammals. (asm.org)
Calcineurin is a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase which is present in the T cells of the immune system and in the nervous system including the dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord (Strack et al. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Calcineurin (CnA) is a Ca2+-calmodulin dependent serine-threonine phosphatase, which is known to activate a signalling cascade leading to slow-twitch fibre gene expression. (uwaterloo.ca)

Inhibits the phosphatase activity of calcineurin. (uniprot.org)

Redox response of the endogenous calcineurin inhibitor Adapt 78. (nih.gov)
This antibody detects endogenous human, mouse, and rat Calcineurin B. (thermofisher.com)
The modulatory calcineurin-interacting protein 1 (MCIP1) is an endogenous feedback inhibitor of calcineurin. (ahajournals.org)
Upon testing of small molecules present in serum, we discovered that calcineurin protects cells from stress caused by the endogenous levels of calcium ions present in serum. (asm.org)
2005 We reasoned that if calcineurin and CK2 reciprocally control NMDAR activity through phosphorylation inhibition of endogenous CK2 might reverse calcineurin inhibitor-induced potentiation of the NMDAR activity in the spinal cord. (exposed-skin-care.net)

P-glycoprotein expression was less pronounced in renal biopsy specimens with calcineurin inhibitor-induced nephrotoxicity compared with the nonnephrotoxic control specimens. (nih.gov)
In this review, the authors summarize the clinical features and histologic appearance of both acute and chronic calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity in renal and nonrenal transplantation, together with the pitfalls in its diagnosis. (asnjournals.org)
The authors also review the available literature on the physiologic and molecular mechanisms underlying acute and chronic calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity, and demonstrate that its development is related to both reversible alterations and irreversible damage to all compartments of the kidneys, including glomeruli, arterioles, and tubulo-interstitium. (asnjournals.org)
Finally, other local susceptibility factors for calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity are reviewed, including variability in P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4/5 expression or activity, older kidney age, salt depletion, the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and genetic polymorphisms in genes like TGF -β and ACE . (asnjournals.org)
Better insight into the mechanisms underlying calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity might pave the way toward more targeted therapy or prevention of calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. (asnjournals.org)
Differential expression of tissue factor (TF) in calcineurin inhibitor-induced nephrotoxicity and rejection-implications for development of a possible diagnostic marker. (lu.se)

Calcineurin Targets Involved in Stress Survival and Fungal Virulence. (duke.edu)
Calcineurin governs stress survival, sexual differentiation, and virulence of the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. (duke.edu)
Several calcineurin targets localized to PBs/SGs, including Puf4 and Pbp1, contribute to stress resistance and virulence individually or in conjunction with Crz1. (duke.edu)
These findings support a model whereby calcineurin controls stress and virulence, at the transcriptional level via Crz1, and post-transcriptionally by localizing to PBs/SGs and acting on targets involved in mRNA metabolism. (duke.edu)
These findings further highlight C. neoformans as an outstanding model to define calcineurin-responsive virulence networks as targets for antifungal therapy. (duke.edu)
Previous studies demonstrated that calcineurin is not required for the yeast-hypha dimorphic transition, host cell adherence, or host cell injury, which are all established virulence attributes of this organism. (asm.org)
Recent studies reveal that calcineurin is essential for the virulence of two divergent pathogenic fungi, Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans ( 2 , 7 , 38 , 44 ). (asm.org)
Although the phenotypes conferred by calcineurin inhibition or mutation share common features in the two fungi, the roles that this phosphatase fulfills in virulence differ. (asm.org)
Calcineurin orchestrates growth, stress responses and virulence in major pathogenic fungi including Aspergillus fumigatus responsible for life-threatening fungal infections worldwide. (aspergillus.org.uk)

Calcineurin is activated by increased Ca2+ levels caused by stress, and transduces signals by dephosphorylating protein substrates. (duke.edu)
Herein, we identified and characterized calcineurin substrates in C. neoformans by employing phosphoproteomic TiO2 enrichment and quantitative mass spectrometry. (duke.edu)
The calcineurin targets identified in this study share little overlap with known calcineurin substrates, with the exception of Crz1. (duke.edu)

Calcineurin activates nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic (NFATc), a transcription factor, by dephosphorylating it. (wikipedia.org)
Calpain-dependent cleavage activates calcineurin to mediate calcium-triggered cell death. (antibodies-online.com)
Calcium binds calmodulin and this complex activates calcineurin. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)

Calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT) is essential for NF-AT activation, nuclear translocation, and early gene expression in T-cells. (thermofisher.com)
The resulting complex inhibits phosphatase calcineurin, thus blocking T-cell activation and cytokine release. (medscape.com)
We have previously shown that increasing the level of MCIP1 protein protects the heart from unrestrained activation of calcineurin, suggesting that strategies to increase MCIP1 protein in the heart may be a viable therapeutic approach. (ahajournals.org)
In contrast, MCIP1.4 levels are very low in an unstressed heart but increase precipitously in response to stress and calcineurin activation. (ahajournals.org)
The activation of calcineurin, a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent phosphatase, is known to be an essential event in T cell activation via the T cell receptor (TCR). (rupress.org)
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , calcineurin activation leads to downstream events that mediate cellular responses to stress and concomitantly reduce the concentration of Ca 2+ within the cytoplasm to basal levels ( 14 ). (asm.org)
In contrast, the contribution of PMC1 to Ca2+ tolerance is augmented by calcineurin activation. (asm.org)
Zhu J, McKeon F (1999) NF-AT activation requires suppression of Crm1-dependent export by calcineurin. (springer.com)

Calcineurin is essential for C. neoformans survival at mammalian physiological body temperatures (37°C and higher) ( 12 , 38 ), and as a consequence, calcineurin mutants of this pathogen fail to produce lethal infections in animal models of pathogenesis. (asm.org)

Furthermore, calcineurin directly dephosphorylates Hph1p and interacts with it through a sequence motif in Hph1p, PVIAVN. (asm.org)

Calcineurin is both necessary and sufficient to induce cardiac hypertrophy, an independent risk factor for arrhythmia, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. (duke.edu)

Expression of calcineurin and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 in testis of rats with chronic fluorosis]. (fluoridealert.org)
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the significance of calcineurin (CaN) and nuclear factor of active T cells 1 (NFATc1) in the damage mechanism of the testis of rats with chronic fluorosis. (fluoridealert.org)
Recent evidence suggested that the nucleus of cardiac myocytes might be a Ca 2+ microdomain and that calcineurin, once translocated into the nucleus, could act as a nuclear Ca 2+ sensor. (springer.com)

One role of calcineurin under these conditions is to activate gene expression through its regulation of the Crz1p transcription factor. (asm.org)

We now report that calcineurin decreases Ca2+ tolerance of pmc1 mutants by inhibiting the function of VCX1, which encodes a vacuolar H+/Ca2+ exchanger related to vertebrate Na+/Ca2+ exchangers. (asm.org)

These findings reveal that calcineurin contributes to fluconazole resistance of biofilms and provide evidence that synergistic drug combinations may prove efficacious as novel therapeutic interventions to treat or prevent biofilms. (asm.org)

The requirement of calcineurin for C. albicans survival in serum sparked our interest in searching for serum components that are toxic to calcineurin mutant cells. (asm.org)

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , calcineurin is required for survival during several environmental stresses, including high concentrations of Na + , Li + , and Mn 2+ ions and alkaline pH. (asm.org)
Calcineurin inhibits VCX1-dependent H+/Ca2+ exchange and induces Ca2+ ATPases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (asm.org)

The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), through the dephosphorylation of the proapoptotic protein BAD, may be the link between Ca2+homeostasis deregulation and apoptotic neuronal death. (nih.gov)

Chronic overexpression of the calcineurin inhibitory gene DSCR1 (Adapt78) is associated with Alzheimer's disease. (springer.com)

However, current knowledge of the downstream effectors of calcineurin is limited. (duke.edu)
Ca 2+ -induced Crz1p-mediated transcription is unaffected in hph1 Δ hph2 Δ mutants, and genetic analyses indicate that HPH1/HPH2 and CRZ1 act in distinct pathways downstream of calcineurin. (asm.org)

Calcineurin Plays Key Roles in th. (mendeley.com)
As calcineurin subunits have also been implicated in shell formation in bivalves, these findings suggest that calcineurin subunits may play important roles in biomineralization in all conchiferans. (peerj.com)

Renaming the DSCR1/Adapt78 gene family as RCAN: regulators of calcineurin. (springer.com)
In yeast, the transcription factor regulated by calcineurin is encoded by the CRZ1 gene. (yeastgenome.org)
Calcineurin Aβ gene-targeted mice also showed a normal hypertrophic response after GH-IGF-1 infusion. (ahajournals.org)
In mice and human beings MCIP1 can be expressed mainly in cardiac and skeletal muscle groups (16) and transcription from the MCIP1 gene can be potently activated by triggered calcineurin (17) therefore establishing a poor feedback system that presumably acts to safeguard cells from in any other case deleterious outcomes of unrestrained calcineurin activity. (cylch.org)

Calcineurin B antibody LS-C667722 is an unconjugated rabbit polyclonal antibody to human Calcineurin B (PPP3R1). (lsbio.com)

These studies reveal new redox-related activities for Adapt 78 isoform 4, which may contribute to its known calcineurin-regulating and cytoprotective activities, and further suggest that Adapt 78 plays a role in basic T-cell response. (nih.gov)
expressing deficiency of a known calcineurin modifier, Mef2. (duke.edu)

Chan B, Greenan G, McKeon F, Ellenberger T. Identification of a peptide fragment of DSCR1 that competitively inhibits calcineurin activity in vitro and in vivo. (springer.com)
The DSCR1 (Adapt78) isoform 1 protein calcipressin 1 inhibits calcineurin and protects against acute calcium-mediated stress damage, including transient oxidative stress. (springer.com)

Calcineurin (CN), a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, plays a significant role in the central nervous system. (pnas.org)

Calcineurin is a Ca 2+ - and calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase that plays a key role in animal and yeast physiology. (asm.org)

Calcineurin (CN) is a highly conserved Ca 2+ /CaM-dependent protein phosphatase, implicated in synaptic plasticity in mammals ( Rusnak and Mertz, 2000 ). (jneurosci.org)
Here we investigate the potential role of calcium and the calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin in myogenesis. (rupress.org)
10-12 Recently, oestrogen dependent, increased expression of calcineurin mRNA was found in the T cells of female patients with SLE. (bmj.com)
lacZ reporter was induced up to 500-fold by processes dependent on calcineurin, calmodulin, and Ca2+. (asm.org)
Additional studies with reporter genes and mutants indicate that PMR1 and PMR2A, encoding P-type ion pumps required for Mn2+ and Na+ tolerance, may also be induced physiologically in response to high-Mn2+ and -Na+ conditions through calcineurin-dependent mechanisms. (asm.org)
IGF-1 significantly increased CaM kinase and calcineurin activity and the cellular levels of phosphorylated CREB in a time-dependent manner. (deepdyve.com)

Concurrent with Bad translocation, a Ca 2+ -sensitive increase in cellular calcineurin activity was observed. (biochemj.org)
We show that Crz1 is a bona fide calcineurin substrate, and Crz1 localization and transcriptional activity are controlled by calcineurin. (duke.edu)
We find that calcineurin, although largely dispensable for suppressive activity in vitro, is essential for upregulation of ICOS and CTLA-4 in Treg, as well as for expression of chemokine receptors driving their accumulation in tumors. (jimmunol.org)
OBJECTIVE To compare the activity of calcineurin in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 32 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 35 healthy controls. (bmj.com)
METHODS The activity of calcineurin was assayed in the supernatants of sonicated mononuclear cells. (bmj.com)
RESULTS There was no significant difference in the calcineurin activity of patients with SLE not taking glucocorticosteroids (GCS) compared with the healthy controls. (bmj.com)
On the other hand, the activity of calcineurin was reduced in patients with SLE taking GCS, correlating negatively with the dose of GCS. (bmj.com)
The stimulation of PBMC by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore decreased the calcineurin activity both in patients with SLE and in healthy controls. (bmj.com)
GCS could also reduce calcineurin activity in the mononuclear cells of healthy subjects in vitro. (bmj.com)
CONCLUSIONS In patients with SLE the decrease in the calcineurin activity of PBMC depended on the dose of GCS used for treatment, and it was not a disease specific alteration. (bmj.com)
In this study we show that in patients with SLE not taking any glucocorticosteroids (GCS) the calcineurin activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) does not differ from that of healthy controls. (bmj.com)
On the other hand, in patients with SLE taking various doses of GCS, decreased calcineurin activity can be measured. (bmj.com)
The higher the concentration of GCS, the greater the decrease in calcineurin activity. (bmj.com)
The in vitro stimulation of PBMC by phorbol ester and Ca 2+ ionophore ( A23187 ) results in a pronounced decrease in the calcineurin activity of cells derived from patients with SLE or from healthy controls. (bmj.com)
GCS can reduce the calcineurin activity also in the mononuclear cells of healthy subjects in vitro. (bmj.com)
Calcineurin modifies the distribution of Hph1p within the endoplasmic reticulum and is required for full Hph1p activity in vivo. (asm.org)
The contribution of VCX1 in Ca2+ tolerance is low in strains with a functional calcineurin and is high in strains which lack calcineurin activity. (asm.org)
Calcineurin inhibition may augment NMDAR activity by leading to extreme phosphorylation of NMDARs and/or NMDAR-interacting protein (Tong et al. (exposed-skin-care.net)

Here we describe experiments that reveal the component of serum toxic to C. albicans calcineurin mutants. (asm.org)

Calcineurin induces transcription factors (NFATs) that are important in the transcription of IL-2 genes. (wikipedia.org)

Benefits of conversion from calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) to mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor-based immunosuppression in long-term kidney transplant patients remain uncertain. (diva-portal.org)

The following antibody was used in this experiment: Calcineurin B Polyclonal Antibody from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # PA5-29939, RRID AB_2547413. (thermofisher.com)

results suggest a key role for calcineurin in cardiac remodeling during long-term hypoxia with implications for diseases of chronic hypoxia, and it likely contributes to mechanisms underlying these disease states. (antikoerper-online.de)
These data provide an explanation how Ca 2+ and calcineurin might regulate transcription in cardiomyocytes in response to neurohumoral signals independently from their role in cardiac contraction control. (springer.com)

Emerging Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)

Https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319693.php (medicalnewstoday.com)

Eczema in Children: Signs, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments (healthcentral.com)

Porokeratosis Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Surgical Care, Long-Term Monitoring (emedicine.medscape.com)

Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Corticosteroid Therapy, Diuretic Therapy (emedicine.medscape.com)

Regulator of Calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)

Atopic Dermatitis in Emergency Medicine Treatment & Management: Emergency Care for Atopic Dermatitis, Consultations, Prevention (emedicine.medscape.com)

Assessment and Management of the Renal Transplant Patient: Practice Essentials, Overview, Clinical Presentation (emedicine.medscape.com)

RCSB PDB - 1AUI: HUMAN CALCINEURIN HETERODIMER (rcsb.org)

NFAT primes the human RORC locus for RORγt expression in CD4 + T cells | Nature Communications (nature.com)

Noxafil (Posaconazole Oral Suspension): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses (rxlist.com)

Appendix D: Immunosuppressive Therapy: The Scientific Basis and Clinical Practice of Immunosuppressive Therapy in the... (nap.edu)

Zortress (Everolimus): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses (rxlist.com)

Frontiers | Deciphering the Astrocyte Reaction in Alzheimer's Disease | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience (frontiersin.org)

Calcineurin inhibitors/everolimus/methylprednisolone | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)

TORC1 is a calcium- and cAMP-sensitive coincidence detector involved in hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity | PNAS (pnas.org)

DailyMed - Search Results for Calcineurin Inhibitors (dailymed.nlm.nih.gov)

RCAN1 Gene - GeneCards | RCAN1 Protein | RCAN1 Antibody (genecards.org)

Results for 'Phosphatases' | Abcam: antibodies, proteins, kits... (abcam.com)

Eczema Topical Treatments | National Eczema Association (nationaleczema.org)

CiteSeerX - Citation Query Cyclic amplification and selection of targets (CASTing) for the myogenin consensus binding site (citeseerx.ist.psu.edu)

Donor Alloantigen Reactive Tregs (darTregs) for Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI) Reduction - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov)

Galactokinase Is a Novel Modifier of Calcineurin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Drosophila | Genetics (genetics.org)

Immunosuppressive drug - Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)

RX List database - use generic or medication brand name - GlobalRPH (globalrph.com)

Anatomy3

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes6

Information Science3

Publication Characteristics6

The role of immunophilins in mutant superoxide dismutase-1linked familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (1/2213)

Differential effects of a calcineurin inhibitor on glutamate-induced phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. (2/2213)

Reduction of calcineurin activity in brain by antisense oligonucleotides leads to persistent phosphorylation of tau protein at Thr181 and Thr231. (3/2213)

Failure of calcineurin inhibitors to prevent pressure-overload left ventricular hypertrophy in rats. (4/2213)

Pressure overload induces severe hypertrophy in mice treated with cyclosporine, an inhibitor of calcineurin. (5/2213)

Ca2+-induced apoptosis through calcineurin dephosphorylation of BAD. (6/2213)

Yeast calcineurin regulates nuclear localization of the Crz1p transcription factor through dephosphorylation. (7/2213)

A selective role of calcineurin aalpha in synaptic depotentiation in hippocampus. (8/2213)

Calcineurin

Tacrolimus

NFATC Transcription Factors

Cyclosporine

Calmodulin-Binding Proteins

Immunosuppressive Agents

Phosphoprotein Phosphatases

Tacrolimus Binding Proteins

Calcium

Signal Transduction

Calmodulin

Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A

Cardiomegaly

Amino Acid Isomerases

Sirolimus

Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases

Calcium Signaling

Immunophilins

Kidney Transplantation

Transcription Factors

Phosphorylation

Cells, Cultured

Peptidylprolyl Isomerase

Muscle Proteins

Enzyme Inhibitors

Molecular Sequence Data

DNA-Binding Proteins

Amino Acid Sequence

Mycophenolic Acid

Nuclear Proteins

Graft Rejection

Encyclopedias as Topic

Protein Phosphatase 2

Okadaic Acid

Protein Phosphatase 1

Liver Transplantation

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Research Support, U.S. Government

Research Support, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Schizophrenia

Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate

Disease Models, Animal

Schizophrenic Psychology

Dizocilpine Maleate

Calcium-Binding Proteins

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Megakaryocytes

Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases

Cell Differentiation

Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter

The role of immunophilins in mutant superoxide dismutase-1linked familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (1/2213)

Differential effects of a calcineurin inhibitor on glutamate-induced phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. (2/2213)

Reduction of calcineurin activity in brain by antisense oligonucleotides leads to persistent phosphorylation of tau protein at Thr181 and Thr231. (3/2213)

Failure of calcineurin inhibitors to prevent pressure-overload left ventricular hypertrophy in rats. (4/2213)

Pressure overload induces severe hypertrophy in mice treated with cyclosporine, an inhibitor of calcineurin. (5/2213)

Ca2+-induced apoptosis through calcineurin dephosphorylation of BAD. (6/2213)

Yeast calcineurin regulates nuclear localization of the Crz1p transcription factor through dephosphorylation. (7/2213)

A selective role of calcineurin aalpha in synaptic depotentiation in hippocampus. (8/2213)

The role of modulatory calcineurin-interacting proteins in calcineurin signaling. - Semantic Scholar

A novel calcineurin-interacting protein, CNP-3, modulates calcineurin deficient phenotypes in Caenorhabditis elegans<...

Abstract 1480: A Cullin 4a E3 Ligase Complex Mediates Rapid Degradation of the Calcineurin Regulatory Protein MCIP1.4 In...

Calcineurin inhibits VCX1-dependent H+/Ca2+ exchange and induces Ca2+ ATPases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | Molecular and...

Calcineurin inhibits VCX1-dependent H+/Ca2+ exchange and induces Ca2+ ATPases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | Molecular and...

Calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation of Drp1 contribu | Open-i

Calcineurin - Wikipedia

RCAN1 Antibody | scrazzl.com - Simply Connecting Science

Calcineurin is required for virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans | The EMBO Journal

Galactokinase is a Novel Modifier of Calcineurin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Drosophila

Adelaide Research & Scholarship: Sotrastaurin in calcineurin inhibitor-free regimen using everolimus in de novo kidney...

Transcriptional regulation of chitin synthases by calcineurin controls paradoxical growth of Aspergillus fumigatus in response...

Identification of Calcineurin as a Key Signal in the Extinction of Fear Memory | Journal of Neuroscience

Glucocorticosteroid dependent decrease in the activity of calcineurin in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients...

Novel inhibitors of the calcineurin/NFATc hub - alternatives to CsA and FK506? | Cell Communication and Signaling | Full Text

Inp53 is a calcineurin substrate. (A) Domain structure | Open-i

Study to Evaluate the Value of the Follow-up of CALCIneurin Activity to MOdulate Calcineurin Inhibitors-induced...

JCI - Calcineurin inhibitors suppress acute graft-vs-host disease via NFAT-independent inhibition of T cell receptor signaling

CERTICOEUR: A Secondary Prevention Study of Skin Cancers in Heart Transplant Patients. Everolimus Versus Calcineurin Inhibitors...

$Gentaur Molecular :Alpha Dia \ Human Calcineurin B subunit protein WB +Ve control \ CALNB21-C$ Gentaur Molecular :Alpha Dia \ Human Calcineurin B subunit protein WB +Ve control \ CALNB21-C