Caenorhabditis. Medical search

A species of nematode that is widely used in biological, biochemical, and genetic studies.

Proteins from the nematode species CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS. The proteins from this species are the subject of scientific interest in the area of multicellular organism MORPHOGENESIS.

A genus of small free-living nematodes. Two species, CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS and C. briggsae are much used in studies of genetics, development, aging, muscle chemistry, and neuroanatomy.

The functional hereditary units of HELMINTHS.

Proteins found in any species of helminth.

The external genitalia of the female. It includes the CLITORIS, the labia, the vestibule, and its glands.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of helminths.

ANIMALS whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING, or their offspring.

Ribonucleic acid in helminths having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

The genetic complement of a helminth (HELMINTHS) as represented in its DNA.

In gonochoristic organisms, congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical. Effects from exposure to abnormal levels of GONADAL HORMONES in the maternal environment, or disruption of the function of those hormones by ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS are included.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The normal length of time of an organism's life.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A gene silencing phenomenon whereby specific dsRNAs (RNA, DOUBLE-STRANDED) trigger the degradation of homologous mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). The specific dsRNAs are processed into SMALL INTERFERING RNA (siRNA) which serves as a guide for cleavage of the homologous mRNA in the RNA-INDUCED SILENCING COMPLEX. DNA METHYLATION may also be triggered during this process.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

A class of unsegmented helminths with fundamental bilateral symmetry and secondary triradiate symmetry of the oral and esophageal structures. Many species are parasites.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms at various stages during GAMETOGENESIS.

Carbamate derivative used as an insecticide, acaricide, and nematocide.

The developmental entity of a fertilized egg (ZYGOTE) in animal species other than MAMMALS. For chickens, use CHICK EMBRYO.

Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

The gamete-producing glands, OVARY or TESTIS.

Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

A funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube that conducts food to the ESOPHAGUS, and air to the LARYNX and LUNGS. It is located posterior to the NASAL CAVITY; ORAL CAVITY; and LARYNX, and extends from the SKULL BASE to the inferior border of the CRICOID CARTILAGE anteriorly and to the inferior border of the C6 vertebra posteriorly. It is divided into the NASOPHARYNX; OROPHARYNX; and HYPOPHARYNX (laryngopharynx).

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

The process of laying or shedding fully developed eggs (OVA) from the female body. The term is usually used for certain INSECTS or FISHES with an organ called ovipositor where eggs are stored or deposited before expulsion from the body.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE. AMINO ACID MOTIFS are often composed of conserved sequences.

Genes whose loss of function or gain of function MUTATION leads to the death of the carrier prior to maturity. They may be essential genes (GENES, ESSENTIAL) required for viability, or genes which cause a block of function of an essential gene at a time when the essential gene function is required for viability.

Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.

Movement or the ability to move from one place or another. It can refer to humans, vertebrate or invertebrate animals, and microorganisms.

Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.

Substances used in the treatment or control of nematode infestations. They are used also in veterinary practice.

A family of transcription factors that contain two ZINC FINGER MOTIFS and bind to the DNA sequence (A/T)GATA(A/G).

Animals and plants which have, as their normal mode of reproduction, both male and female sex organs in the same individual.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division, occurring during maturation of the GERM CELLS. Two successive cell nucleus divisions following a single chromosome duplication (S PHASE) result in daughter cells with half the number of CHROMOSOMES as the parent cells.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Proteins which are involved in the phenomenon of light emission in living systems. Included are the "enzymatic" and "non-enzymatic" types of system with or without the presence of oxygen or co-factors.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

The mechanisms by which the SEX of an individual's GONADS are fixed.

The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.

Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Periodic casting off FEATHERS; HAIR; or cuticle. Molting is a process of sloughing or desquamation, especially the shedding of an outer covering and the development of a new one. This phenomenon permits growth in ARTHROPODS, skin renewal in AMPHIBIANS and REPTILES, and the shedding of winter coats in BIRDS and MAMMALS.

An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6)

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The muscles of the PHARYNX are voluntary muscles arranged in two layers. The external circular layer consists of three constrictors (superior, middle, and inferior). The internal longitudinal layer consists of the palatopharyngeus, the salpingopharyngeus, and the stylopharyngeus. During swallowing, the outer layer constricts the pharyngeal wall and the inner layer elevates pharynx and LARYNX.

The development of anatomical structures to create the form of a single- or multi-cell organism. Morphogenesis provides form changes of a part, parts, or the whole organism.

Mutation process that restores the wild-type PHENOTYPE in an organism possessing a mutationally altered GENOTYPE. The second "suppressor" mutation may be on a different gene, on the same gene but located at a distance from the site of the primary mutation, or in extrachromosomal genes (EXTRACHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCE).

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Validation of the SEX of an individual by inspection of the GONADS and/or by genetic tests.

The entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, and plexuses. (Stedman, 26th ed)

Genes that are introduced into an organism using GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Loose connective tissue lying under the DERMIS, which binds SKIN loosely to subjacent tissues. It may contain a pad of ADIPOCYTES, which vary in number according to the area of the body and vary in size according to the nutritional state.

Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.

The developmental history of specific differentiated cell types as traced back to the original STEM CELLS in the embryo.

The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.

The joining of RNA from two different genes. One type of trans-splicing is the "spliced leader" type (primarily found in protozoans such as trypanosomes and in lower invertebrates such as nematodes) which results in the addition of a capped, noncoding, spliced leader sequence to the 5' end of mRNAs. Another type of trans-splicing is the "discontinuous group II introns" type (found in plant/algal chloroplasts and plant mitochondria) which results in the joining of two independently transcribed coding sequences. Both are mechanistically similar to conventional nuclear pre-mRNA cis-splicing. Mammalian cells are also capable of trans-splicing.

RNA consisting of two strands as opposed to the more prevalent single-stranded RNA. Most of the double-stranded segments are formed from transcription of DNA by intramolecular base-pairing of inverted complementary sequences separated by a single-stranded loop. Some double-stranded segments of RNA are normal in all organisms.

The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The processes occurring in early development that direct morphogenesis. They specify the body plan ensuring that cells will proceed to differentiate, grow, and diversify in size and shape at the correct relative positions. Included are axial patterning, segmentation, compartment specification, limb position, organ boundary patterning, blood vessel patterning, etc.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

One of two types of muscle in the body, characterized by the array of bands observed under microscope. Striated muscles can be divided into two subtypes: the CARDIAC MUSCLE and the SKELETAL MUSCLE.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Genes whose expression is easily detectable and therefore used to study promoter activity at many positions in a target genome. In recombinant DNA technology, these genes may be attached to a promoter region of interest.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

The observable response an animal makes to any situation.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

In a prokaryotic cell or in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, a structure consisting of or containing DNA which carries the genetic information essential to the cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A genus of parasitic nematode worms which infest the duodenum and stomach of domestic and wild herbivores, which ingest it with the grasses (POACEAE) they eat. Infestation of man is accidental.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect.

Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.

The female sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and all female gametes in human and other male-heterogametic species.

Orientation of intracellular structures especially with respect to the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane. Polarized cells must direct proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the appropriate domain since tight junctions prevent proteins from diffusing between the two domains.

A family of conserved cell surface receptors that contain EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR repeats in their extracellular domain and ANKYRIN repeats in their cytoplasmic domains. The cytoplasmic domain of notch receptors is released upon ligand binding and translocates to the CELL NUCLEUS where it acts as transcription factor.

The sensation of cold, heat, coolness, and warmth as detected by THERMORECEPTORS.

The capacity to conceive or to induce conception. It may refer to either the male or female.

An order of nematodes of the subclass SECERNENTEA. Its organisms are characterized by an annulated or smooth cuticle and the absence of caudal glands.

Specialized afferent neurons capable of transducing sensory stimuli into NERVE IMPULSES to be transmitted to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Sometimes sensory receptors for external stimuli are called exteroceptors; for internal stimuli are called interoceptors and proprioceptors.

Proteins that bind to RNA molecules. Included here are RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS and other proteins whose function is to bind specifically to RNA.

Sequences of DNA in the genes that are located between the EXONS. They are transcribed along with the exons but are removed from the primary gene transcript by RNA SPLICING to leave mature RNA. Some introns code for separate genes.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

Undifferentiated cells resulting from cleavage of a fertilized egg (ZYGOTE). Inside the intact ZONA PELLUCIDA, each cleavage yields two blastomeres of about half size of the parent cell. Up to the 8-cell stage, all of the blastomeres are totipotent. The 16-cell MORULA contains outer cells and inner cells.

Screening techniques first developed in yeast to identify genes encoding interacting proteins. Variations are used to evaluate interplay between proteins and other molecules. Two-hybrid techniques refer to analysis for protein-protein interactions, one-hybrid for DNA-protein interactions, three-hybrid interactions for RNA-protein interactions or ligand-based interactions. Reverse n-hybrid techniques refer to analysis for mutations or other small molecules that dissociate known interactions.

Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS.

Female germ cells derived from OOGONIA and termed OOCYTES when they enter MEIOSIS. The primary oocytes begin meiosis but are arrested at the diplotene state until OVULATION at PUBERTY to give rise to haploid secondary oocytes or ova (OVUM).

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

Proteins that originate from insect species belonging to the genus DROSOPHILA. The proteins from the most intensely studied species of Drosophila, DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER, are the subject of much interest in the area of MORPHOGENESIS and development.

Genes that have a suppressor allele or suppressor mutation (SUPPRESSION, GENETIC) which cancels the effect of a previous mutation, enabling the wild-type phenotype to be maintained or partially restored. For example, amber suppressors cancel the effect of an AMBER NONSENSE MUTATION.

The process of germ cell development in the female from the primordial germ cells through OOGONIA to the mature haploid ova (OVUM).

Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

A species of parasitic nematode usually found in domestic pigs and a few other animals. Human infection can also occur, presumably as result of handling pig manure, and can lead to intestinal obstruction.

A class of animal lectins that bind specifically to beta-galactoside in a calcium-independent manner. Members of this class are distiguished from other lectins by the presence of a conserved carbohydrate recognition domain. The majority of proteins in this class bind to sugar molecules in a sulfhydryl-dependent manner and are often referred to as S-type lectins, however this property is not required for membership in this class.

Morphological and physiological development of EMBRYOS.

A form of gene interaction whereby the expression of one gene interferes with or masks the expression of a different gene or genes. Genes whose expression interferes with or masks the effects of other genes are said to be epistatic to the effected genes. Genes whose expression is affected (blocked or masked) are hypostatic to the interfering genes.

Peptides released by NEURONS as intercellular messengers. Many neuropeptides are also hormones released by non-neuronal cells.

Different forms of a protein that may be produced from different GENES, or from the same gene by ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.

Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

The alignment of CHROMOSOMES at homologous sequences.

Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL).

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The process of germ cell development in the male from the primordial germ cells, through SPERMATOGONIA; SPERMATOCYTES; SPERMATIDS; to the mature haploid SPERMATOZOA.

A cell surface receptor for INSULIN. It comprises a tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits which are derived from cleavage of a single precursor protein. The receptor contains an intrinsic TYROSINE KINASE domain that is located within the beta subunit. Activation of the receptor by INSULIN results in numerous metabolic changes including increased uptake of GLUCOSE into the liver, muscle, and ADIPOSE TISSUE.

A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.

The fertilized OVUM resulting from the fusion of a male and a female gamete.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Proteins that control the CELL DIVISION CYCLE. This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS.

The parts of the gene sequence that carry out the different functions of the GENES.

The occurrence in an individual of two or more cell populations of different chromosomal constitutions, derived from a single ZYGOTE, as opposed to CHIMERISM in which the different cell populations are derived from more than one zygote.

A superfamily of nematodes of the order RHABDITIDA. Characteristics include an open tube stoma and an excretory system with lateral canals.

Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body.

The ultimate exclusion of nonsense sequences or intervening sequences (introns) before the final RNA transcript is sent to the cytoplasm.

Cells specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptor cells may monitor external stimuli, as in TASTE and OLFACTION, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE in the blood.

Sensation of making physical contact with objects, animate or inanimate. Tactile stimuli are detected by MECHANORECEPTORS in the skin and mucous membranes.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

A type of CELL NUCLEUS division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of CHROMOSOMES of the somatic cells of the species.

A microtubule structure that forms during CELL DIVISION. It consists of two SPINDLE POLES, and sets of MICROTUBULES that may include the astral microtubules, the polar microtubules, and the kinetochore microtubules.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

A mixture of mostly avermectin H2B1a (RN 71827-03-7) with some avermectin H2B1b (RN 70209-81-3), which are macrolides from STREPTOMYCES avermitilis. It binds glutamate-gated chloride channel to cause increased permeability and hyperpolarization of nerve and muscle cells. It also interacts with other CHLORIDE CHANNELS. It is a broad spectrum antiparasitic that is active against microfilariae of ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS but not the adult form.

A neomorphic syntaxin mutation blocks volatile-anesthetic action in Caenorhabditis elegans. (1/594)

The molecular mechanisms underlying general anesthesia are unknown. For volatile general anesthetics (VAs), indirect evidence for both lipid and protein targets has been found. However, no in vivo data have implicated clearly any particular lipid or protein in the control of sensitivity to clinical concentrations of VAs. Genetics provides one approach toward identifying these mechanisms, but genes strongly regulating sensitivity to clinical concentrations of VAs have not been identified. By screening existing mutants of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we found that a mutation in the neuronal syntaxin gene dominantly conferred resistance to the VAs isoflurane and halothane. By contrast, other mutations in syntaxin and in the syntaxin-binding proteins synaptobrevin and SNAP-25 produced VA hypersensitivity. The syntaxin allelic variation was striking, particularly for isoflurane, where a 33-fold range of sensitivities was seen. Both the resistant and hypersensitive mutations decrease synaptic transmission; thus, the indirect effect of reducing neurotransmission does not explain the VA resistance. As assessed by pharmacological criteria, halothane and isoflurane themselves reduced cholinergic transmission, and the presynaptic anesthetic effect was blocked by the resistant syntaxin mutation. A single gene mutation conferring high-level resistance to VAs is inconsistent with nonspecific membrane-perturbation theories of anesthesia. The genetic and pharmacological data suggest that the resistant syntaxin mutant directly blocks VA binding to or efficacy against presynaptic targets that mediate anesthetic behavioral effects. Syntaxin and syntaxin-binding proteins are candidate anesthetic targets. (+info)

Evolution of sperm size in nematodes: sperm competition favours larger sperm. (2/594)

In the free-living rhabditid nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, sperm size is a determinant of sperm competitiveness. Larger sperm crawl faster and physically displace smaller sperm to take fertilization priority, but not without a cost: larger sperm are produced at a slower rate. Here, we investigate the evolution of sperm size in the family Rhabditidae by comparing sperm among 19 species, seven of which are hermaphroditic (self-fertile hermaphrodites and males), the rest being gonochoristic (females and males). We found that sperm size differed significantly with reproductive mode: males of gonochoristic species had significantly larger sperm than did males of the hermaphroditic species. Because males compose 50% of the populations of gonochoristic species but are rare in hermaphroditic species, the risk of male-male sperm competition is greater in gonochoristic species. Larger sperm have thus evolved in species with a greater risk of sperm competition. Our results support recent studies contending that sperm size may increase in response to sperm competition. (+info)

Crystal structure of human p32, a doughnut-shaped acidic mitochondrial matrix protein. (3/594)

Human p32 (also known as SF2-associated p32, p32/TAP, and gC1qR) is a conserved eukaryotic protein that localizes predominantly in the mitochondrial matrix. It is thought to be involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and in nucleus-mitochondrion interactions. We report the crystal structure of p32 determined at 2.25 A resolution. The structure reveals that p32 adopts a novel fold with seven consecutive antiparallel beta-strands flanked by one N-terminal and two C-terminal alpha-helices. Three monomers form a doughnut-shaped quaternary structure with an unusually asymmetric charge distribution on the surface. The implications of the structure on previously proposed functions of p32 are discussed and new specific functional properties are suggested. (+info)

ELT-3: A Caenorhabditis elegans GATA factor expressed in the embryonic epidermis during morphogenesis. (4/594)

We have identified a gene encoding a new member of the Caenorhabditis elegans GATA transcription factor family, elt-3. The predicted ELT-3 polypeptide contains a single GATA-type zinc finger (C-X2-C-X17-C-X2-C) along with a conserved adjacent basic region. elt-3 mRNA is present in all stages of C. elegans development but is most abundant in embryos. Reporter gene analysis and antibody staining show that elt-3 is first expressed in the dorsal and ventral hypodermal cells, and in hypodermal cells of the head and tail, immediately after the final embryonic cell division that gives rise to these cells. No expression is seen in the lateral hypodermal (seam) cells. elt-3 expression is maintained at a constant level in the epidermis until the 2(1/2)-fold stage of development, after which reporter gene expression declines to a low level and endogenous protein can no longer be detected by specific antibody. A second phase of elt-3 expression in cells immediately anterior and posterior to the gut begins in pretzel-stage embryos. elt-1 and lin-26 are two genes known to be important in specification and maintenance of hypodermal cell fates. We have found that elt-1 is required for the formation of most, but not all, elt-3-expressing cells. In contrast, lin-26 function does not appear necessary for elt-3 expression. Finally, we have characterised the candidate homologue of elt-3 in the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae. Many features of the elt-3 genomic and transcript structure are conserved between the two species, suggesting that elt-3 is likely to perform an evolutionarily significant function during development. (+info)

Functional genomics in Caenorhabditis elegans: An approach involving comparisons of sequences from related nematodes. (5/594)

Comparative genomic analysis was used to investigate the gene structure of the bli-4 locus from two related Caenorhabditis species, C. elegans and C. briggsae. In C. elegans, bli-4 is a complex gene encoding a member of the kex2/subtilisin-like family of proprotein convertases. Genomic sequence comparisons coupled with RT-PCR analysis identified five additional coding exons that had not been identified previously using standard recombinant DNA techniques. The C. briggsae gene was able to rescue both viable blistered and developmentally arrested mutants of C. elegans bli-4, demonstrating functional conservation. In addition, deletion analysis of conserved sequences outside of coding regions, combined with phenotypic rescue experiments, identified regulatory elements that alter the expression of the bli-4 gene. These results demonstrate the utility of genomic sequence comparisons of homologous genes in related species as an effective tool with which to dissect the functional information of complex genes. (+info)

lir-2, lir-1 and lin-26 encode a new class of zinc-finger proteins and are organized in two overlapping operons both in Caenorhabditis elegans and in Caenorhabditis briggsae. (6/594)

lin-26, which encodes a unique Zn-finger protein, is required for differentiation of nonneuronal ectodermal cells in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we show that the two genes located immediately upstream of lin-26 encode LIN-26-like Zn-finger proteins; hence their names are lir-1 and lir-2 (lin-26 related). lir-2, lir-1, and lin-26 generate several isoforms by alternative splicing and/or trans-splicing at different positions. On the basis of their trans-splicing pattern, their intergenic distances, and their expression, we suggest that lir-2, lir-1, and lin-26 form two overlapping transcriptional operons. The first operon, which is expressed in virtually all cells, includes lir-2 and long lir-1 isoforms. The second operon, which is expressed in the nonneuronal ectoderm, includes short lir-1 isoforms, starting at exon 2 and lin-26. This unusual genomic organization has been conserved in C. briggsae, as shown by cloning the C. briggsae lir-2, lir-1, and lin-26 homologs. Particularly striking is the sequence conservation throughout the first lir-1 intron, which is very long in both species. Structural conservation is functionally meaningful as C. briggsae lin-26 is also expressed in the nonneuronal ectoderm and can complement a C. elegans lin-26 null mutation. (+info)

Homologs of the Caenorhabditis elegans masculinizing gene her-1 in C. briggsae and the filarial parasite Brugia malayi. (7/594)

The masculinizing gene her-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans (Ce-her-1) encodes a novel protein, HER-1A, which is required for male development. To identify conserved elements in her-1 we have cloned and characterized two homologous nematode genes: one by synteny from the closely related free-living species C. briggsae (Cb-her-1) and the other, starting with a fortuitously identified expressed sequence tag, from the distantly related parasite Brugia malayi (Bm-her-1). The overall sequence identities of the predicted gene products with Ce-HER-1A are only 57% for Cb-HER-1, which is considerably lower than has been found for most homologous briggsae genes, and 35% for Bm-HER-1. However, conserved residues are found throughout both proteins, and like Ce-HER-1A, both have putative N-terminal signal sequences. Ce-her-1 produces a larger masculinizing transcript (her-1a) and a smaller transcript of unknown function (her-1b); both are present essentially only in males. By contrast, Cb-her-1 appears to produce only one transcript, corresponding to her-1a; it is enriched in males but present also in hermaphrodites. Injection of dsRNA transcribed from Cb-her-1 into C. briggsae hermaphrodites (RNA interference) caused XO animals to develop into partially fertile hermaphrodites. Introducing a Cb-her-1 construct as a transgene under control of the C. elegans unc-54 myosin heavy chain promoter caused strong masculinization of both C. briggsae and C. elegans hermaphrodites. Introduction of a similar Bm-her-1 construct into C. elegans caused only very weak, if any, masculinization. We conclude that in spite of considerable divergence the Cb gene is likely to be a functional ortholog of Ce-her-1, while the function of the distantly related Bm gene remains uncertain. (+info)

Functional genomics. (8/594)

Complete genome sequences are providing a framework to allow the investigation of biological processes by the use of comprehensive approaches. Genome analysis also is having a dramatic impact on medicine through its identification of genes and mutations involved in disease and the elucidation of entire microbial gene sets. Studies of the sequences of model organisms, such as that of the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, are providing extraordinary insights into development and differentiation that aid the study of these processes in humans. The field of functional genomics seeks to devise and apply technologies that take advantage of the growing body of sequence information to analyze the full complement of genes and proteins encoded by an organism. (+info)

The nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, like Drosophila, has been studied largely because of its importance in genetics. In ... Hodgkin J (2001). "Caenorhabditis elegans". In Brenner S, Miller JH (eds.). Encyclopedia of Genetics. Elsevier. pp. 251-256. ... White, JG; Southgate, E; Thomson, JN; Brenner, S (1986). "The Structure of the Nervous System of the Nematode Caenorhabditis ... Ardiel, EL; Rankin, CH (2010). "An elegant mind: learning and memory in Caenorhabditis elegans". Learning and Memory. 17 (4): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain

"SWISS-MODEL , Caenorhabditis elegans". swissmodel.expasy.org. Retrieved 2020-02-14. "SWISS-MODEL , Escherichia coli". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss-model

Caenorhabditis elegans. Wall chart". Science. 270 (5235): 415-430. doi:10.1126/science.270.5235.410. PMID 7569996. S2CID ... Kimble, J. E.; White, J. G. (1981). "On the control of germ cell development in Caenorhabditis elegans". Developmental Biology ... Durbin, Richard Michael (1987). Studies on the development and organisation of the nervous system of Caenorhabditis elegans ( ... White's research investigates cell division in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. With collaborators Sydney Brenner, John ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Graham_White

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been studied because of its importance in genetics. In the early 1970s, Sydney Brenner ... Hodgkin J (2001). "Caenorhabditis elegans". In Brenner S, Miller JH (eds.). Encyclopedia of Genetics. Elsevier. pp. 251-256. ... White, JG; Southgate, E; Thomson, JN; Brenner, S (1986). "The Structure of the Nervous System of the Nematode Caenorhabditis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroanatomy

AUA, AUU AUC: Apis GUG: Polyplacophora UUG: Ascaris, Caenorhabditis. Nematoda: Ascaris, Caenorhabditis ; Mollusca: Bivalvia); ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invertebrate_mitochondrial_code

... elegans Caenorhabditis briggsae (2003) Caenorhabditis elegans (Strain:Bristol N2), model organism (1998) Caenorhabditis remanei ... Caenorhabditis angaria (Strain:PS1010) (2010) Caenorhabditis brenneri, a gonochoristic (male-female obligate) species more ... "GSC: Caenorhabditis remanei". Archived from the original on 13 March 2007. Retrieved 28 April 2007. Haag ES, Chamberlin H, ... "GSC: Caenorhabditis n. sp. PB2801". Archived from the original on 18 August 2007. Retrieved 28 April 2007. "Wormbase". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sequenced_animal_genomes

cerevisiae, and Caenorhabditis. elegans. BAALC and its protein are expressed highly in neural tissues such as the Central ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAALC

"Caenorhabditis genome sequencing". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Retrieved 22 April 2014. Lander, E. S.; Linton, M.; Birren ... Sulston, J.; Brenner, S. (1974). "The DNA of Caenorhabditis elegans". Genetics. 77 (1): 95-104. doi:10.1093/genetics/77.1.95. ... Sulston, J. E.; Horvitz, H. R. (1977). "Post-embryonic cell lineages of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans". Developmental ... Sulston, J.E.; Horvitz, H.R. (1977). "Post-embryonic cell lineages of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans". Developmental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sulston

Nematode: Caenorhabditis elegans. Good embryo supply. Well developed genetics. Low cost. Also popular for some purposes have ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_biology

Caenorhabditis elegans) • Large roundworm (Ascaris suum) Mollusca • Owl limpet (Lottia gigantea) • Pacific oyster (Crassostrea ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MirGeneDB

Caenorhabditis elegans M04F3.5 protein. The vertebrate IRSp53/MIM family is divided into two major groups: the IRSp53 subfamily ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMD_domain

The roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living, transparent nematode, about 1 mm in length, that lives in temperate soil ... OpenWorm is an international open science project to simulate the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans at the cellular level as a ... Wood, WB (1988). The Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-87969-433-3. ... Sudhaus W, Kiontke K (2009). "Phylogeny of Rhabditis subgenus Caenorhabditis (Rhabditidae, Nematoda)". Journal of Zoological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenWorm

Decay of mature miRNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans is mediated by the 5'-to-3' exoribonuclease XRN2, also known as Rat1p. In ... Lee RC, Ambros V (October 2001). "An extensive class of small RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans". Science. 294 (5543): 862-4. ... Chatterjee S, Grosshans H (September 2009). "Active turnover modulates mature microRNA activity in Caenorhabditis elegans". ... "The microRNAs of Caenorhabditis elegans". Genes & Development. 17 (8): 991-1008. doi:10.1101/gad.1074403. PMC 196042. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroRNA

In one instance they were used to genetically screen a population of Caenorhabditis elegans. At this point in time scientists ... Herman, Robert K.; Albertson, Donna G.; Brenner, Sydney (1976-05-15). "Chromosome Rearrangements in Caenorhabditis Elegans". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balancer_chromosome

Around the same time, the presenilin homolog in Caenorhabditis elegans, sel-12, was independently identified as a contributor ... Levitan D, Greenwald I (September 1995). "Facilitation of lin-12-mediated signalling by sel-12, a Caenorhabditis elegans S182 ... Smialowska A, Baumeister R (2006). "Presenilin function in Caenorhabditis elegans". Neuro-Degenerative Diseases. 3 (4-5): 227- ... including model organisms Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presenilin

Brenner, S. (May 1974). "The Genetics of Caenorhabditis Elegans". Genetics. 77 (1): 71-94. PMC 1213120. PMID 4366476. Zilly FE ... "The unc-18 Gene Encodes a Novel Protein Affecting the Kinetics of Acetylcholine Metabolism in the Nematode Caenorhabditis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munc-18

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is used for understanding the genetic control of development and physiology. It was first ... The roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans is studied because it has very defined development patterns involving fixed numbers of ... 1986). "The structure of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans". Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. ... ISBN 978-0-87969-532-3. Brenner, S (1974). "The Genetics of Caenorhabditis elegans". Genetics. 77 (1): 71-94. PMC 1213120. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_organism

He established the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism for the investigation of developmental biology, and ... Brenner then focused on establishing Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism for the investigation of animal development ... Sulston, J.; Brenner, S. (1974). "The DNA of Caenorhabditis elegans". Genetics. 77 (1): 95-104. doi:10.1093/genetics/77.1.95. ... Brenner, Sydney (1974). "The genetics of Caenorhabditis elegans". Genetics. 77 (1): 71-94. doi:10.1093/genetics/77.1.71. PMC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner

Zedek F, Bureš P (2012-01-23). "Evidence for centromere drive in the holocentric chromosomes of Caenorhabditis". PLOS ONE. 7 (1 ... Albertson DG, Thomson JN (October 1982). "The kinetochores of Caenorhabditis elegans". Chromosoma. 86 (3): 409-28. doi:10.1007/ ... "HIM-10 is required for kinetochore structure and function on Caenorhabditis elegans holocentric chromosomes". The Journal of ... detailed molecular analysis of the structure of holocentric chromosomes is currently available for the nematode Caenorhabditis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocentric_chromosome

Specimens of Caenorhabditis elegans survive. June 2 - The first European Mars mission Mars Express launched. September 27 - The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_in_science

ISBN 978-0-7637-1511-3.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Brenner, S (May 1974). "The genetics of Caenorhabditis ... Model organisms for developmental biology include the round worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology

Early studies in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster saw large-scale, systematic loss of function (LOF) screens ... "The genetics of Caenorhabditis elegans". Genetics. 77 (1): 71-94. PMC 1213120. PMID 4366476. Gans M, Audit C, Masson M ( ... in Caenorhabditis elegans development". Mechanisms of Development. 95 (1-2): 67-76. doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00339-7. PMID ... "The polo-like kinase PLK-1 is required for nuclear envelope breakdown and the completion of meiosis in Caenorhabditis elegans ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome-wide_CRISPR-Cas9_knockout_screens

"Centriole assembly in Caenorhabditis elegans". Nature. 444: 619-623. doi:10.1038/nature05318. Marsh, Brad J.; Mastronarde, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMOD_(software)

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is one of the major model organisms for researching molecular biology. RNA interference ( ... Diogo J, Bratanich A (November 2014). "The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to study viruses". Archives of Virology. ... Conte D, MacNeil LT, Walhout AJ, Mello CC (January 2015). RNA Interference in Caenorhabditis elegans. Current Protocols in ... Tejeda-Benitez L, Olivero-Verbel J (2016). "Caenorhabditis elegans, a Biological Model for Research in Toxicology". Reviews of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_animal

Caenorhabditis elegans uncharacterised protein ZC168.2. These neurohormones are peptides of 70 to 80 amino acid residues which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crustacean_neurohormone_family

Caenorhabditis elegans hypothetical protein W06E11.4. Methanococcus jannaschii hypothetical protein MJ0592. This particular ... "Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics". Genome ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SBDS

In Caenorhabditis elegans self-fertilized eggs exit the body through the vulva. This organ develops from a subset of cell of an ... Kornfeld (1997). "Vulval development in Caenorhabditis elegans". Trends Genet. 13 (2): 55-61. doi:10.1016/S0168-9525(97)01005-6 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_group

The term netrin was first used in a study done in 1990 in Caenorhabditis elegans and was called UNC-6. Studies performed on ... UNC is a set of proteins first identified through a set of screening tests in Caenorhabditis elegans, looking for roundworms ... There are three phases in hermaphrodite distal tip cell migration in Caenorhabditis elegans which are distinguished by the ... Eight pairs of chemosensory neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans take up fluorescein dyes entering through the chemosensory organs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNC_(biology)

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is one of the major model organisms for researching molecular biology. RNA interference ( ... Diogo J, Bratanich A (November 2014). "The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to study viruses". Archives of Virology. ... doi:10.1038/news061002-2. Conte D, MacNeil LT, Walhout AJ, Mello CC (January 2015). "RNA Interference in Caenorhabditis elegans ... Tejeda-Benitez L, Olivero-Verbel J (2016). "Caenorhabditis elegans, a Biological Model for Research in Toxicology". Reviews of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_organism

Figure 3: Centriole assembly in Caenorhabditis elegans is a multi-step process. ... Pelletier, L., OToole, E., Schwager, A. et al. Centriole assembly in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 444, 619-623 (2006). https ... Morphologically distinct microtubule ends in the mitotic centrosome of Caenorhabditis elegans. J. Cell Biol. 163, 451-456 (2003 ... The Caenorhabditis elegans centrosomal protein SPD-2 is required for both pericentriolar material recruitment and centriole ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/nature05318?error=cookies_not_supported&code=a06a4eb2-f449-46cd-bbe1-26e9b29a60fc

... many studies focused initially on Caenorhabditis elegans, since this model organism has a relatively small genome amenable to ... Other articles where Caenorhabditis elegans is discussed: aging: Genetics and life span: … ... studies centred on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a near-microscopic soil worm that had been identified by Brenner as an ... cell lineage for the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a minute soil worm that had been identified by Brenner as an ideal ...

https://www.britannica.com/animal/Caenorhabditis-elegans

Source for information on Roundworms: Caenorhabditis Elegans: Encyclopedia of Aging dictionary. ... CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS Aging is a complex deteriorative process affecting the survival of both living and nonliving things. ... Brenner, S. The Genetics of Caenorhabditis Elegans. Genetics 77 (1974): 71-94. ... Johnson, T. E., and Wood, W. B. Genetic Analysis of the Life-Span of Caenorhabditis Elegans. Proceedings of the National ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/roundworms-caenorhabditis-elegans

... For the first days, we will introduce students to the nematode C. elegans. Students will work ... You are here: Home / About NS&B / Caenorhabditis elegans Module. ...

http://www.mbl.edu/nsb/about/caenorhabditis-elegans/

Soil nematode about 1mm long that lives in temperate regions. Doesnt really have a common name... except maybe tiny worm or something generic like th...

https://everything2.com/title/Caenorhabditis+elegans

Caenorhabditis elegans News and Research. RSS Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living, transparent nematode (roundworm), about ... The microscopic roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, or C. elegans, is known to spend up to 20 minutes seeking out snacks in its ... and Technology Graduate Universit used microscopy techniques to piece together the brain of the millimeter-long Caenorhabditis ... a combination of pharmaceutical drugs that not only increases healthy lifespan in the microscopic worm Caenorhabditis elegans ( ...

https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Caenorhabditis+elegans

CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS DEFICIENCY MAPPING. D. Christine Sigurdson, Gail J. Spanier and Robert K. Herman ... CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS DEFICIENCY MAPPING. D. Christine Sigurdson, Gail J. Spanier and Robert K. Herman ... CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS DEFICIENCY MAPPING. D. Christine Sigurdson, Gail J. Spanier and Robert K. Herman ... II following X-ray treatment of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Complementation tests between the deficiencies and ethyl ...

https://www.genetics.org/content/108/2/331?ijkey=e525e285699acaacab7a4f676434e9d3b777c983&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Role of autophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans.. Kovacs AL1, Zhang H.. Author information. 1. Department of Anatomy, Cell and ... During Caenorhabditis elegans development, autophagy plays an important role in many physiological processes, including ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20138173?dopt=Abstract

A circuit for navigation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Jesse M. Gray, Joseph J. Hill, and Cornelia I. Bargmann ... Caenorhabditis elegans explores its environment by interrupting its forward movement with occasional turns and reversals. Turns ... In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the escape circuit was defined by using a complete synaptic wiring diagram of the 302 ... and Takeshi Ishihara and the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center for strains. This work was supported by funding from the Howard ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/102/9/3184?ijkey=faea7722d91b5de39821847df213b97f473a8ea4&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Methods are described for the isolation, complementation and mapping of mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans, a small free-living ...

https://www.genetics.org/content/77/1/71?ijkey=9d866fd4f291c980e2942f588373e48414e96dfd&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Caenorhabditis elegans News and Research. RSS Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living, transparent nematode (roundworm), about ... The effect of spaceflight on a microscopic worm - Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) - could help it to live longer. ... Removal of germ cells - the sperm and egg producing cells - increases longevity of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans. ...

https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Caenorhabditis-elegans&page=6

tr,K7I676,K7I676_CAEJA Uncharacterized protein OS=Caenorhabditis japonica OX=281687 PE=4 SV=1 ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/K7I676

tr,H2WLH9,H2WLH9_CAEJA Uncharacterized protein OS=Caenorhabditis japonica OX=281687 PE=4 SV=2 ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/H2WLH9

13 Caenorhabditis sp. 8 basal Caenorhabditis monodelphis - Prior to 2017 referred to as Caenorhabditis sp. 1 Caenorhabditis ... Caenorhabditis castelli - Prior to 2014 referred to as C. sp. 12 Caenorhabditis drosophilae Caenorhabditis guadeloupensis - ... Caenorhabditis nigoni - Prior to 2014 referred to as C. sp. 9 Caenorhabditis doughertyi - Prior to 2014 referred to as C. sp. ... 16 Caenorhabditis latens - Prior to 2014 referred to as C. sp. 23 Caenorhabditis sinica - Prior to 2014 referred as C. sp. 5 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caenorhabditis

NM_074666.2 → NP_507067.2 Seven TM Receptor [Caenorhabditis elegans]. See identical proteins and their annotated locations for ... Caenorhabditis elegans (strain: Bristol N2) Lineage. Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida; ... str-254 Seven TM Receptor [ Caenorhabditis elegans ] Gene ID: 184279, updated on 18-Sep-2018 ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/184279

1995) in Caenorhabditis elegans: Modern Biological Analysis of an Organism, eds Epstein H F, Shakes D C(Academic, New York), pp ... Lethal paralysis of Caenorhabditis elegans by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Creg Darby, Christine L. Cosma, James H. Thomas, Colin ... Lethal paralysis of Caenorhabditis elegans by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Creg Darby, Christine L. Cosma, James H. Thomas, Colin ... Lethal paralysis of Caenorhabditis elegans by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/96/26/15202?ijkey=30c9bae625accfaa093ad1fb1057840ce90e136a&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

"Caenorhabditis". Merriam-Webster Dictionary.. *^ Wood, WB (1988). The Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Cold Spring Harbor ... Caenorhabditis elegans var. Bergerac[2] (for instance strain BO)[3]. *Caenorhabditis elegans var. Bristol[4] (for instance ... Caenorhabditis elegans (/ˌsiːnoʊræbˈdaɪtəs ˈɛləɡænz/[6]) is a free-living, transparent nematode, about 1 mm in length,[7] that ... The Orsay virus is a virus that affects C. elegans, as well as the Caenorhabditis elegans Cer1 virus[50] and the Caenorhabditis ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caenorhabditis_elegans

Caenorhabditis afra is a species of nematodes in the genus Caenorhabditis. This gonochoristic (male-female) species was ... MA Félix, C Braendle and AD Cutter, PLoS One, 2014 Caenorhabditis afra at uniprot.org v t e. ... A streamlined system for species diagnosis in Caenorhabditis (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) with name designations for 15 distinct ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caenorhabditis_afra

... Patricia Back, Bart P. Braeckman, and Filip Matthijssens ... Patricia Back, Bart P. Braeckman, and Filip Matthijssens, "ROS in Aging Caenorhabditis elegans: Damage or Signaling?," ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2012/608478/cta/

Caenorhabditis elegans,/i, (,i,C. elegans,/i,) is studied. The complexity of these sequences is compared with some random ... The Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a 1 mm length transparent nematode. Thanks to its simple organic structure, it was ... Sequence Complexity of Chromosome 3 in Caenorhabditis elegans. Gaetano Pierro. 1. 1System Biology, PhD School, University of ... The nucleotide sequences complexity in chromosome 3 of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is studied. The complexity of these ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/abi/2012/287486/

Caenorhabditis elegans is a simple organism that is an small free living nematode. It is found in various parts of the world. A ... The Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988. 2. Wood William Barry; ed. The Nematode ... The Caenorhabditis elegans offers potential for the design of a biological dosimeter. 5. C. elegans also has many ... Caenorhabditis Elegans.New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1988. 3.Riddle Donald, Blumenthal Thomas, Meyer Barbara, Priess ...

http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Caenorhabditis_elegans

Germ Cell Polar Body Germ Plasm Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans Immunofluorescence Image These keywords were added by machine ... Wolf, N., Priess, J., and Hirsh, D. (1983). Segregation of germ-line granules in early embryos of Caenorhabditis elegans: an ... Edgar, L. (1982). Control of spermatogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Ph.D. thesis, University of Colorado. ... Ward, S. and Carrel, J.S. (1979). Fertilization and sperm competition in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev. Biol. 73:304 ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-4628-9_7

Caenorhabditis elegans Natural variation Cold tolerance Temperature acclimation Abbreviations. C. elegans. Caenorhabditis ... Caenorhabditis elegans were cultured under well-fed conditions. Three or more well-fed adults (P0) were placed on a 3.5 cm NGM ... Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits cultivation-temperature-dependent cold tolerance. N2 Bristol animals cultivated at 25 °C do not ... Wicks SR, Yeh RT, Gish WR, Waterston RH, Plasterk RH (2001) Rapid gene mapping in Caenorhabditis elegans using a high density ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00360-016-1011-3?wt_mc=Internal.Event.1.SEM.ArticleAuthorOnlineFirst

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a well-known model organism used to investigate fundamental questions in biology. ... Caenorhabditis elegans Is the Subject Area "Caenorhabditis elegans" applicable to this article? Yes. No. ...

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0011631

Biolistic transformation of Caenorhabditis elegans. Isik, M. & Berezikov, E., 2013, In : Methods in Molecular Biology. 940, p. ... Animals, Biolistics, Caenorhabditis elegans, Culture Media, DNA, Eggs, Gold, Transformation, Genetic, Journal Article ... to generate transgenic animals to study gene expression and function is a powerful and important part of the Caenorhabditis ...

https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/publications/biolistic-transformation-of-caenorhabditis-elegans

Hobert, Oliver (2010). «Neurogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans». Worm Book. doi:10.1895/wormbook.1.12.2.. ... Caenorhabditis elegans er ein gjennomsiktig 1-2 millimeter lang rundmakk. Han finst i ròtnande frukter og stenglar og er ein ... Tuck, Simon (2014). «The control of cell growth and body size in Caenorhabditis elegans». Experimental Cell Research 321 (1): ... Félix, Marie-Anne; Braendle, Christian (2010). «The natural history of Caenorhabditis elegans». Current Biology 20 (22): R965. ...

https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caenorhabditis_elegans

The first miRNA, lin-4, was discovered in 1993 in Caenorhabditis elegans; since then hundreds of miRNAs have been identified in ... MicroRNA targeting in mus musculus and Caenorhabditis elegans. Author(s). Lafkas, Ginamarie N ...

https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/68432

Although crucial roles for 3UTR-mediated gene regulation have been found in Caenorhabditis elegans, most C. elegans genes have ... Formation, regulation and evolution of Caenorhabditis elegans 3UTRs Nature. 2011 Jan 6;469(7328):97-101. doi: 10.1038/ ... Although crucial roles for 3UTR-mediated gene regulation have been found in Caenorhabditis elegans, most C. elegans genes have ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21085120/?dopt=Abstract

... peer-reviewed chapters on the biology of Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes. Since WormBook was launched in June 2005 ... WormBook: the online review of Caenorhabditis elegans biology Nucleic Acids Res. 2007 Jan;35(Database issue):D472-5. doi: ... peer-reviewed chapters on the biology of Caenorhabditis elegans and related nematodes. Since WormBook was launched in June 2005 ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17099225/?dopt=Abstract

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis - Caenorhabditis briggsae [ Pathway menu , Organism menu , Pathway entry , Download KGML , Show ...

http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?cbr00010+CBG19465

Methods are described for the isolation, complementation and mapping of mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans , a small free-living nematode worm. (genetics.org)
Caenorhabditis elegans is a simple organism that is an small free living nematode. (citizendium.org)
In 1965 Sydney Brenner chose the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a promising model system for a concerted genetic, ultrastructural, and behavioral attack on the development and function of a simple nervous system. (cshlpress.com)
Recently, the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (FIGURES 1,3-6) became the first animal and more importantly, the first multicellular organism, to have the sequencing of its genome essentially completed ( C. elegans Consortium, Science 282:2011-2045, 1998). (apsnet.org)

humans led to the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , a near-microscopic soil worm that begins life with just 1,090 cells. (britannica.com)
studies centred on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , a near-microscopic soil worm that had been identified by Brenner as an ideal organism on which to study programmed cell death. (britannica.com)
who was investigating the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . (britannica.com)
in fact, the species described here, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, (see Figure 1) lives for only three weeks under normal conditions. (encyclopedia.com)
Six schemes were used to identify 80 independent recessive lethal deficiencies of linkage group (LG) II following X-ray treatment of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . (genetics.org)
In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , the escape circuit was defined by using a complete synaptic wiring diagram of the 302 neurons in its nervous system ( 4 , 5 ). (pnas.org)
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a genetically tractable alternative for investigating the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa . (pnas.org)
Invertebrate models, such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster , offer sophisticated genetic methods but have rarely been used to study infectious disease. (pnas.org)
Wood, W. B. (ed.) (1988) The Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY. (springer.com)
We describe experiments with two types of immunologic probes, rabbit sera and mouse monoclonal antibodies, directed against cytoplasmic granules that are unique to germ-line cells in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans , and that may correspond to the germ-line-specific structures seen by electron microscopy in C. elegans embryos. (springer.com)
ed.) (1988) The Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. (els.net)
The chemotaxis behavior of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans raises, in simplified form, the key question of how the nervous system transforms sensory input into motor output to regulate a goal-directed response. (jneurosci.org)
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides an attractive opportunity to study neuronal aging. (jneurosci.org)
This study examined the effects of oxygen tensions ranging from 0 to 90 kPa on the metabolic rate (rate of carbon dioxide production), movement and survivorship of the free-living soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. (biologists.org)
In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , a large number of neuropeptide genes that are expressed throughout the nervous system have been identified. (frontiersin.org)
The first completed neural connectome was that of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
HIF-1 is required for heat acclimation in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. (biomedsearch.com)
Here we demonstrate the presence of sequences in the genome of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans which are homologous to two sets of short sequence DNA. (colorado.edu)
Y. pestis also blocks feeding of the laboratory nematode Caenorhabditis elegans ( 9 ). (asm.org)
Recently, we developed a multiparental segregating population of 200 recombinant inbred lines (mpRILs) derived from four wild isolates (JU1511, JU1926, JU1931, and JU1941) in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. (wur.nl)
Studies of the development of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans established that programmed cell death involves specific genes and proteins and that those genes and proteins act within the cells that die. (aacrjournals.org)
The general goal of this research project is to shed new light on the molecular and neural basis of thermal nociception, by using the small nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. (europa.eu)
In this thesis the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is used as a model system to study the adverse side effects of HIV-1 antiretroviral medicines administered alone or in combination. (uva.nl)
We show that the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans orients to the earth's magnetic field during vertical burrowing migrations. (elifesciences.org)
The objective of this research project is to identify molecular mechanisms responsible for the regulation of metal-inducible metallothionein (MT) gene expression in the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . (epa.gov)
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been a powerful experimental organism for almost half a century. (asm.org)
Here, we characterize the apm-2 gene (also called dpy-23 ), which encodes the only μ2 subunit in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . (rupress.org)
Here, we characterize mutants that lack μ2 adaptin, encoded by the apm-2 gene (also called dpy-23 ), in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . (rupress.org)
We employ state-of-the-art machine learning methods to assay and improve the accuracy of the genome annotation of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. (caltech.edu)

Although crucial roles for 3'UTR-mediated gene regulation have been found in Caenorhabditis elegans, most C. elegans genes have lacked annotated 3'UTRs. (nih.gov)
Caenorhabditis elegans , or 'worms' to the scientists who study them, have revolutionized the way we approach genetic studies to understand how genes regulate cellular activities. (jove.com)
Mutations in the Caenorhabditis elegans genes lin-14, lin-28, and lin-29 cause heterochronic developmental defects: the timing of specific developmental events in several tissues is altered relative to the timing of events in other tissues. (sciencemag.org)
By taking advantage of a lethal phenotype characteristic of Caenorhabditis elegans embryos that fail to move, we have identified 13 genes required for muscle assembly and function and discovered a new lethal class of alleles for three previously known muscle-affecting genes. (psu.edu)
Genes that regulate both development and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. (wikipathways.org)
The Caenorhabditis elegans genome sequencing project, a collaboration between Robert Waterston's group in St. Louis and John Sulston's group in Cambridge, is currently on schedule towards its goal of obtaining the complete sequence of this organism and all its estimated 15,000 to 20,000 genes by 1998 (Sulston et al. (springer.com)
1995 ) Three genes of the MAP kinase cascade, mek-2, mpk-1/sur-1 and let-60 ras , are required for meiotic cell cycle progression in Caenorhabditis elegans . (biologists.org)
Caenorhabditis elegans is one of the most attractive model organisms in biomedical research for understanding human diseases and for drug testing at a whole-organism level, since many biological pathways and genes have been conserved between itself and humans. (epfl.ch)

Caenorhabditis is a genus of nematodes which live in bacteria-rich environments like compost piles, decaying dead animals and rotting fruit. (wikipedia.org)
Caenorhabditis afra is a species of nematodes in the genus Caenorhabditis. (wikipedia.org)
Caenorhabditis are usually thought of as soil nematodes, happily living in compost heaps. (innovations-report.com)
To explore using nematodes as a model for studying behavioral evolution, I examined pharyngeal behaviors in free-living soil nematodes related to Caenorhabditis elegans. (tdl.org)
To expand the understanding of aging in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, global quantification of metabolite and protein levels in young and aged nematodes was performed using mass spectrometry. (ovid.com)

Citation Query A Mitochondrial Superoxide Signal Triggers increased Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. (psu.edu)
A Mitochondrial Superoxide Signal Triggers increased Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. (psu.edu)

New research at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate Universit used microscopy techniques to piece together the brain of the millimeter-long Caenorhabditis elegans, revealing that their neurons fire action potentials - a spike in voltage due to neurons sending sensory information in the cell membrane. (news-medical.net)
1. Previous work has shown that 12 of the 14 types of neurons in the Caenorhabditis elegans pharyngeal nervous system are collectively but not individually necessary for the trapping and transport of bacteria. (biologists.org)
Here we show that selenium-induced oxidative stress leads to decreased cholinergic signaling and degeneration of cholinergic neurons required for movement and egg-laying in Caenorhabditis elegans. (csic.es)

The Caenorhabditis elegans centrosomal protein SPD-2 is required for both pericentriolar material recruitment and centriole duplication. (nature.com)
From left to right: i) The number of proteins in the reference proteome of Caenorhabditis elegans , ii) the total number of models, iii) the number of unique protein sequences for which at least one model is available and iv) a coverage bar plot is shown. (expasy.org)
The bar plot shows the coverage for every protein in the reference proteome of Caenorhabditis elegans for which there is at least one model. (expasy.org)
The physiological function of the Caenorhabditis elegans G protein Go has been genetically characterized. (sciencemag.org)

In 1900, Maupas initially named the species Rhabditis elegans, Osche placed it in the subgenus Caenorhabditis in 1952, and in 1955, Dougherty raised Caenorhabditis to the status of genus. (wikipedia.org)
The genus Caenorhabditis contains the noted model organism Caenorhabditis elegans and several other species for which a genome sequence is either available or currently being determined. (wikipedia.org)
35 'Elegans' group Caenorhabditis elegans - genome sequenced in 1998 by Washington University in St. Louis and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute to 6x coverage This is currently the most studied species in the genus, and likely in the phylum. (wikipedia.org)
Also, it is clear that hermaphroditism has evolved independently three times within the Caenorhabditis genus. (innovations-report.com)
We tested both CENH3 and CENP-C for positive selection in several species of the holocentric genus Caenorhabditis using the maximum likelihood approach and sliding-window analysis. (muni.cz)

In Caenorhabditis elegans , asymmetry is established in the one‐cell embryo in response to the position of the sperm provided centrosome. (els.net)
Caenorhabditis elegans embryo at 1.5-fold stage inside egg. (apsnet.org)
To dissect this interaction, we use live and fixed assays in the one-cell stage Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. (rupress.org)
The Caenorhabditis elegans epidermis comprises 78 cells which cover the external surface of the embryo as a single cell layer. (biologists.org)

In invertebrates, however, knowledge of CSPGs core proteins and proteoglycan-related functions is relatively limited, even for Caenorhabditis elegans. (diva-portal.org)
1995 ) Interchangeability of Caenorhabditis elegans DSL proteins and intrinsic signalling activity of their extracellular domains in vivo. (biologists.org)

Transgenerational Effects of Early Life Starvation on Growth, Reproduction, and Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Here we report that the Caenorhabditis elegans gene unc-2 is required for adaptation to two neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin. (nature.com)

These three species are not each other's closest relatives Caenorhabditis wallacei - Prior to 2014 referred to as C. sp. (wikipedia.org)
A streamlined system for species diagnosis in Caenorhabditis (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) with name designations for 15 distinct biological species. (wikipedia.org)
However all other known Caenorhabditis species are as distantly related to C. elegans as mouse is to man. (innovations-report.com)
New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal BMC Evolutionary Biology looked at the relationship between the ten known species of Caenorhabditis and found another 16. (innovations-report.com)
Dr Kiontke explained, "Using our new data we were able to generate an evolutionary tree for all 26 species which showed that the history of Caenorhabditis has had many evolutionary reversals and convergences. (innovations-report.com)
For example, the spicules (the male reproductive organs) increased in length after the first species diverged from the Caenorhabditis ancestor, but decreased again in a more modern ancestor of five present-day species. (innovations-report.com)
The Caenorhabditis Interventions Testing Program (CITP) is to test, under standardized conditions potential intervention strategies which may decelerate the rate of aging in genetically diverse species and strains of Caenorhabditis. (nih.gov)
The CITP utilizes state-of-the-art automation and standardized workflows and protocols for lifespan measurements to study the effects of selected compounds on diverse species and strains of Caenorhabditis. (nih.gov)
Lifespan in the presence of selected biological or synthetic compounds on diverse species and strains of Caenorhabditis. (nih.gov)

1995 ) The fog-3 gene and regulation of cell fate in the germ line of Caenorhabditis elegans . (biologists.org)
1995 ) gld-1 , a tumor suppressor gene required for oocyte development in Caenorhabditis elegans . (biologists.org)

Fire A, Xu S, Montgomery MK, Kostas SA, Driver SE and Mello CC (1998) Potent and specific genetic interference by double‐stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. (els.net)
1998). Identification and Expression of an Electroneutral Na/HCO3 Cotransporter from Caenorhabditis elegans (ceNBC). (mcmaster.ca)

Caenorhabditis briggsae - genome sequence finished 2003 at Washington University in St. Louis. (wikipedia.org)

Removal of germ cells - the sperm and egg producing cells - increases longevity of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans. (news-medical.net)
Kimura KD, Tissenbaum HA, Liu Y and Ruvkun G (1997) daf‐2, an insulin receptor‐like gene that regulates longevity and diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans. (els.net)
Superoxide is essential for longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans =-=[59]-=- and there is evidence in mice that several oncogenes actively promote a ROS detoxification program that is required for tumour initiation [60]. (psu.edu)
daf-2, an insulin receptor-like gene that regulates longevity and diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans. (wikipathways.org)
Longevity and stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. (wikipathways.org)
A phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase family member regulating longevity and diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans. (wikipathways.org)

Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living, transparent nematode (roundworm), about 1 mm in length, which lives in temperate soil environments. (news-medical.net)
The microscopic roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, or C. elegans, is known to spend up to 20 minutes seeking out snacks in its immediate surroundings before endeavoring to look elsewhere. (news-medical.net)
Caenorhabditis elegans is a microscopic, soil-dwelling roundworm that has been powerfully used as a model organism since the early 1970's. (jove.com)
The nematode (roundworm) Caenorhabditis elegans lives in soil and eats bacteria. (tdl.org)

Genetic analysis in the small nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans has elucidated the mechanisms of many basic biological processes. (els.net)

Wild-type N2 strain and daf-16 deficient mutant (mg Df50) C. elegans were obtained from the CGC (Caenorhabditis Genetics Center, MN, USA). (scirp.org)
The standard wild-type strain N2, strain MT7929 carrying the unc-13(e51) mutation, and strain CB190 carrying the unc-54(e190) mutation were obtained from the Caenorhabditis Genetics Center, University of Minnesota. (asm.org)

Caenorhabditis elegans belongs to the phylum Nematoda of the animal kingdom. (jove.com)
These results support the hypothesis that centromere drive occurs in Nematoda, at least in the telokinetic meiosis of Caenorhabditis. (muni.cz)

Moreover, research using Caenorhabditis elegans to explore the effects of calcium dysregulation due to presenilin mutations on mitochondrial function, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration is explored. (mdpi.com)

JNK regulates lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans by modulating nuclear translocation of forkhead transcription factor/DAF-16. (wikipathways.org)

Caenorhabditis afra - (also referred to as C. sp. (wikipedia.org)

5 'Japonica' group Caenorhabditis japonica - genome being sequenced by WashU GSC. (wikipedia.org)

During Caenorhabditis elegans ovulation, the somatic gonad integrates signals from germ cells and propels a mature oocyte into the spermatheca for fertilization. (unboundmedicine.com)

Therefore, the discovery that a number of simple and genetically tractable model organisms, such as Arabidopsis thaliana ( 16 ), Drosophila melanogaster ( 19 ), Caenorhabditis elegans ( 48 ), and zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) ( 75 ), are susceptible to a number of human pathogens has been a remarkable advance in this field. (asm.org)

The ability to generate transgenic animals to study gene expression and function is a powerful and important part of the Caenorhabditis elegans genetic toolbox. (rug.nl)
Caenorhabditis elegans is an attractive model for studying effects of metals on gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
Background: Physiologically based modelling using DEBtox (dynamic energy budget in toxicology) and transcriptional profiling were used in Caenorhabditis elegans to identify how physiological modes of action, as indicated by effects on system level resource allocation were associated with changes in gene expression following exposure to three toxic chemicals: cadmium, fluoranthene (FA) and atrazine (AZ). (uva.nl)

During Caenorhabditis elegans development, autophagy plays an important role in many physiological processes, including survival under starvation conditions, modulation of life span, and regulation of necrotic cell death caused by toxic ion-channel variants. (nih.gov)

many studies focused initially on Caenorhabditis elegans , since this model organism has a relatively small genome amenable to basic genetic research. (britannica.com)
We describe methods to use Caenorhabditis elegans as an alternative model for studying mitochondrial division, taking advantage of the many wonderful resources provided by the C. elegans community. (springer.com)
One such model organism is the nematode worm, Caenorhabditis elegans . (mdpi.com)
Here, we used the nematode model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans, to evaluate the physiological effects of FBSR. (scirp.org)
For their identification, we established a Caenorhabditis elegans AC model and tested mutants in which signaling pathways pertinent to acclimatory responses are mutated. (biomedsearch.com)
We characterized the long-term phenotypic consequences of starvation during early larval development in Caenorhabditis elegans to determine potential fitness effects and develop it as a model for mechanistic studies. (sigmaaldrich.com)

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the physiological action and molecular mechanism of fermented brown sugar residue in nematode stress tolerance, aging, and lifespan using Caenorhabditis elegans . (scirp.org)

Chemical reprogramming of Caenorhabditis elegans germ cell fate. (biomedsearch.com)

The genome sequence of Caenorhabditis elegans reveals the presence of a non-LTR retrotransposon that resembles the older elements, in that it contains a single open reading frame with a carboxyl-terminal restriction-like endonuclease domain. (unboundmedicine.com)

In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate such mechanisms. (asm.org)

Gandre S., van der Bliek A.M. (2007) Mitochondrial Division in Caenorhabditis elegans . (springer.com)

Previous studies have suggested that the nervous system of Caenorhabditis elegans maintains its structural integrity with age despite the deterioration of surrounding tissues. (jneurosci.org)

Caenorhabditis elegans: Cell Biology and Physiology 2nd Edition by Joel Rothman and Publisher Academic Press. (vitalsource.com)

The plot shows the evolution over years (x-axis) of the fraction of Caenorhabditis elegans reference proteome residues (y-axis) for which structural information is available. (expasy.org)

2005) Genetic analysis oflysosomal trafficking in Caenorhabditis elegans . (springer.com)

The nucleotide sequences complexity in chromosome 3 of Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans ) is studied. (hindawi.com)
The Caenorhabditis elegans genome contains monomorphic minisatellites and simple sequences. (colorado.edu)

The Caenorhabditis elegans germline is composed of mitotically dividing cells at the distal end that give rise to meiotic cells more proximally. (biologists.org)

Caenorhabditis elegans is a small round worm whose genome has been fully sequenced and its development from egg to adult is well characterized. (frontiersin.org)
This is illustrated clearly by the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans , which was the first multicellular organism to have its entire genome sequenced. (portlandpress.com)

Full-genome RNAi profiling of early embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans . (nature.com)

Anatomy25

Organisms12

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs32

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes64

Information Science4

Health Care1

A neomorphic syntaxin mutation blocks volatile-anesthetic action in Caenorhabditis elegans. (1/594)

Evolution of sperm size in nematodes: sperm competition favours larger sperm. (2/594)

Crystal structure of human p32, a doughnut-shaped acidic mitochondrial matrix protein. (3/594)

ELT-3: A Caenorhabditis elegans GATA factor expressed in the embryonic epidermis during morphogenesis. (4/594)

Functional genomics in Caenorhabditis elegans: An approach involving comparisons of sequences from related nematodes. (5/594)

lir-2, lir-1 and lin-26 encode a new class of zinc-finger proteins and are organized in two overlapping operons both in Caenorhabditis elegans and in Caenorhabditis briggsae. (6/594)

Homologs of the Caenorhabditis elegans masculinizing gene her-1 in C. briggsae and the filarial parasite Brugia malayi. (7/594)

Functional genomics. (8/594)

Caenorhabditis elegans

Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins

Caenorhabditis

Genes, Helminth

Helminth Proteins

Vulva

DNA, Helminth

Animals, Genetically Modified

RNA, Helminth

Genome, Helminth

Disorders of Sex Development

Mutation

Molecular Sequence Data

Longevity

Amino Acid Sequence

RNA Interference

Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Nematoda

Phenotype

Germ Cells

Aldicarb

Embryo, Nonmammalian

Larva

Base Sequence

Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental

Gonads

Green Fluorescent Proteins

Cloning, Molecular

Sequence Alignment

Pharynx

Transcription Factors

Oviposition

Signal Transduction

Conserved Sequence

Genes, Lethal

Alleles

Locomotion

Chromosome Mapping

Antinematodal Agents

GATA Transcription Factors

Hermaphroditic Organisms

Membrane Proteins

Meiosis

Models, Biological

Luminescent Proteins

Phylogeny

Sex Determination Processes

Evolution, Molecular

DNA, Complementary

Gene Expression Regulation

Molting

Levamisole

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Genome

Protein Structure, Tertiary

Models, Genetic

Pharyngeal Muscles

Morphogenesis

Suppression, Genetic

Species Specificity

Neurons

Sex Determination Analysis

Nervous System

Transgenes

Subcutaneous Tissue

Muscles

Cell Lineage

Intestines

Trans-Splicing

RNA, Double-Stranded

Reproduction

Microscopy, Fluorescence

DNA Primers

Multigene Family

Body Patterning

Temperature

Muscle, Striated

Genetic Complementation Test

Drosophila melanogaster

RNA, Messenger