Caco 2 cells. Medical search

Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.

Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as ENTEROCYTES. These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation.

A group (or phylum) of unicellular EUKARYOTA (or algae) possessing CHLOROPLASTS and FLAGELLA.

A genus of pearl oysters in the family Pteriidae, class BIVALVIA. Both cultured and natural pearls are obtained from species in the genus. They are distinct from the distantly related, edible true oysters of the family OSTREIDAE.

The proteinaceous component of the pancreatic stone in patients with PANCREATITIS.

One of the largest orders of mostly marine CRUSTACEA, containing over 10,000 species. Like AMPHIPODA, the other large order in the superorder Peracarida, members are shrimp-like in appearance, have sessile compound eyes, and no carapace. But unlike Amphipoda, they possess abdominal pleopods (modified as gills) and their bodies are dorsoventrally flattened.

Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.

Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.

Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Tumors or cancer of the COLON.

Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells such as the GOBLET CELLS.

A great expanse of continuous bodies of salt water which together cover more than 70 percent of the earth's surface. Seas may be partially or entirely enclosed by land, and are smaller than the five oceans (Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Antarctic).

A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. The initial characterization of this protein revealed one identifiable heavy chain (ANTIGENS, CD98 HEAVY CHAIN) and an indeterminate smaller light chain. It is now known that a variety of light chain subunits (ANTIGENS, CD98 LIGHT CHAINS) can dimerize with the heavy chain. Depending upon its light chain composition a diverse array of functions can be found for this protein. Functions include: type L amino acid transport, type y+L amino acid transport and regulation of cellular fusion.

The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.

The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.

Common name for two families of FLATFISHES belonging to the order Pleuronectiformes: left-eye flounders (Bothidae) and right-eye flounders (Pleuronectidae). The latter is more commonly used in research.

Substances that counteract or neutralize acidity of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.

Membrane transporters that co-transport two or more dissimilar molecules in the same direction across a membrane. Usually the transport of one ion or molecule is against its electrochemical gradient and is "powered" by the movement of another ion or molecule with its electrochemical gradient.

A class in the phylum CNIDARIA, comprised mostly of corals and anemones. All members occur only as polyps; the medusa stage is completely absent.

Calcium compounds used as food supplements or in food to supply the body with calcium. Dietary calcium is needed during growth for bone development and for maintenance of skeletal integrity later in life to prevent osteoporosis.

The gaseous envelope surrounding a planet or similar body. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.

Animals that have no spinal column.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Community of tiny aquatic PLANTS and ANIMALS, and photosynthetic BACTERIA, that are either free-floating or suspended in the water, with little or no power of locomotion. They are divided into PHYTOPLANKTON and ZOOPLANKTON.

Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.

Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.

The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action.

Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.

The segment of LARGE INTESTINE between the CECUM and the RECTUM. It includes the ASCENDING COLON; the TRANSVERSE COLON; the DESCENDING COLON; and the SIGMOID COLON.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Abnormally elevated PARATHYROID HORMONE secretion as a response to HYPOCALCEMIA. It is caused by chronic KIDNEY FAILURE or other abnormalities in the controls of bone and mineral metabolism, leading to various BONE DISEASES, such as RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY.

Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fill, or loess. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1689)

The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Orientation of intracellular structures especially with respect to the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane. Polarized cells must direct proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the appropriate domain since tight junctions prevent proteins from diffusing between the two domains.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The middle portion of the SMALL INTESTINE, between DUODENUM and ILEUM. It represents about 2/5 of the remaining portion of the small intestine below duodenum.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.

One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.

A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.

A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Cell surface-associated lipoteichoic acid acts as an adhesion factor for attachment of Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells. (1/3466)

The influence of pH on the adhesion of two Lactobacillus strains to Caco-2 human intestinal cells was investigated. One strain, Lactobacillus johnsonii La1, was adherent at any pH between 4 and 7. The other one, L. acidophilus La10, did not attach to this cell line under the same experimental conditions. On the basis of these results, we used the monoclonal antibody technique as a tool to determine differences on the surface of these bacteria and to identify a factor for adhesion. Mice were immunized with live La1, and the hybridomas produced by fusion of spleen cells with ONS1 cells were screened for the production of antibodies specific for L. johnsonii La1. A set of these monoclonal antibodies was directed against a nonproteinaceous component of the L. johnsonii La1 surface. It was identified as lipoteichoic acid (LTA). This molecule was isolated, chemically characterized, and tested in adhesion experiments in the same system. The adhesion of L. johnsonii La1 to Caco-2 cells was inhibited in a concentration-dependent way by purified LTA as well as by L. johnsonii La1 culture supernatant that contained LTA. These results showed that the mechanism of adhesion of L. johnsonii La1 to human Caco-2 cells involves LTA. (+info)

Cytochrome P-450 1A1 expression in human small bowel: interindividual variation and inhibition by ketoconazole. (2/3466)

Human cytochrome P-450 1A1 (CYP1A1) is located primarily in extrahepatic tissues. To begin the characterization of this enzyme in the small intestine, we screened a bank of 18 human small intestinal microsomal preparations for CYP1A1 catalytic [(7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD)] activity and protein content. Although EROD activity was below detectable limits in 12 of the preparations, 6 exhibited measurable activity (1.4-123.5 pmol/min/mg), some exceeding that for 2 human liver microsomal preparations (11.0 and 26.4 pmol/min/mg). This variation was not due to variable quality of the preparations because each sample displayed readily detectable CYP3A4 catalytic activity and immunoreactive protein. We inadvertently found that intestinal EROD activity was inhibitable by ketoconazole at a concentration commonly believed to selectively inhibit CYP3A4. The possibility that CYP3A4 metabolizes 7-ethoxyresorufin was excluded because there was no correlation between intestinal CYP3A4 catalytic and EROD activity, and cDNA-expressed human CYP3A4 exhibited no EROD activity. Moreover, CYP1A1 immunoreactive protein was most abundant in the three intestinal preparations with the highest EROD activities, and the mean apparent Ki of ketoconazole observed for these three preparations (40 nM) was essentially identical with that for cDNA-expressed human CYP1A1 (37 nM). In summary, there is large interindividual variation in CYP1A1 expression in human small bowel, and ketoconazole is not a selective CYP3A4 inhibitor in in vitro metabolism studies involving intestinal tissue obtained from some individuals. These observations raise the possibility that in vivo drug interactions involving ketoconazole could result from CYP1A1 inhibition in the intestine in some individuals. (+info)

CREB-binding [corrected] protein interacts with the homeodomain protein Cdx2 and enhances transcriptional activity. (3/3466)

Cdx2 encodes for a homeodomain protein that is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells. The Cdx2 protein triggers intestinal differentiation in cell lines and is necessary for maintenance of the intestinal phenotype in mice. CBP (cAMP response element-binding protein) is a transcriptional co-activator that interacts with many transcription factors and components of the basal transcriptional machinery. In this study, we demonstrate that CBP is markedly induced upon differentiation of the Caco-2 intestinal cell line and augments Cdx2-dependent transcriptional activity. Cdx2 interacts with the amino-terminal domain of CBP, and the two proteins coexist in vivo within the same nuclear protein complex. Moreover, expression of the CBP domain that interacts with Cdx2 acts as a dominant-negative inhibitor of transcriptional activation by Cdx2. These findings demonstrate a direct interaction between an intestinal homeodomain protein and CBP and suggest that CBP participates in the network of transcriptional proteins that direct intestinal differentiation. (+info)

Regulation of the human apolipoprotein AIV gene expression in transgenic mice. (4/3466)

The apolipoprotein (Apo) AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster has a complex pattern of gene expression that is modulated by both gene- and cluster-specific cis-acting elements. In particular the regulation of Apo AIV expression has been previously studied in vivo and in vitro including several transgenic mouse lines but a complete, consistent picture of the tissue-specific controls is still missing. We have analysed the role of the Apo AIV 3' flanking sequences in the regulation of gene expression using both in vitro and in vivo systems including three lines of transgenic mice. The transgene consisted of a human fragment containing 7 kb of the 5' flanking region, the Apo AIV gene itself and 6 kb of the 3' flanking region (-7+6 Apo AIV). Accurate analysis of the Apo AIV mRNA levels using quantitative PCR and Northern blots showed that the 7+6 kb Apo AIV fragment confers liver-specific regulation in that the human Apo AIV transgene is expressed at approximately the same level as the endogenous mouse Apo AIV gene. In contrast, the intestinal regulation of the transgene did not follow, the pattern observed with the endogenous gene although it produced a much higher intestinal expression following the accepted human pattern. Therefore, this animal model provides an excellent substrate to design therapeutic protocols for those metabolic derangements that may benefit from variations in Apo AIV levels and its anti-atherogenic effect. (+info)

Epidermal growth factor regulates fatty acid uptake and metabolism in Caco-2 cells. (5/3466)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been reported to stimulate carbohydrate, amino acid, and electrolyte transport in the small intestine, but its effects on lipid transport are poorly documented. This study aimed to investigate EGF effects on fatty acid uptake and esterification in a human enterocyte cell line (Caco-2). EGF inhibited cell uptake of [14C]palmitate and markedly reduced its incorporation into triglycerides. In contrast, the incorporation in phospholipids was enhanced. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, key steps of lipid synthesis were investigated. The amount of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), which is thought to be important for fatty acid absorption, and the activity of diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), an enzyme at the branch point of diacylglycerol utilization, were reduced. EGF effects on DGAT and on palmitate esterification occurred at 2-10 ng/ml, whereas effects on I-FABP and palmitate uptake occurred only at 10 ng/ml. This suggests that EGF inhibited palmitate uptake by reducing the I-FABP level and shifted its utilization from triglycerides to phospholipids by inhibiting DGAT. This increase in phospholipid synthesis might play a role in the restoration of enterocyte absorption function after intestinal mucosa injury. (+info)

The isoflavone genistein inhibits internalization of enteric bacteria by cultured Caco-2 and HT-29 enterocytes. (6/3466)

The dietary isoflavone genistein is the focus of much research involving its role as a potential therapeutic agent in a variety of diseases, including cancer and heart disease. However, there is recent evidence that dietary genistein may also have an inhibitory effect on extraintestinal invasion of enteric bacteria. To study the effects of genistein on bacterial adherence and internalization by confluent enterocytes, Caco-2 and HT-29 enterocytes (cultivated for 15-18 d and 21-24 d, respectively) were pretreated for 1 h with 0, 30, 100, or 300 micromol/L genistein, followed by 1-h incubation with pure cultures of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, or Escherichia coli. Pretreatment of Caco-2 and HT-29 enterocytes with genistein inhibited bacterial internalization in a dose-dependent manner (r = 0.60-0.79). Compared to untreated enterocytes, 1-h pretreatment with 300 micromol/L genistein was generally associated with decreased bacterial internalization (P < 0. 05) without a corresponding decrease in bacterial adherence. Using Caco-2 cell cultures, decreased bacterial internalization was associated with increased integrity of enterocyte tight junctions [measured by increased transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER)], with alterations in the distribution of enterocyte perijunctional actin filaments (visualized by fluorescein-labeled phalloidin), and with abrogation of the decreased TEER associated with S. typhimurium and E. coli incubation with the enterocytes (P < 0.01). Thus, genistein was associated with inhibition of enterocyte internalization of enteric bacteria by a mechanism that might be related to the integrity of the enterocyte tight junctions, suggesting that genistein might function as a barrier-sustaining agent, inhibiting extraintestinal invasion of enteric bacteria. (+info)

Transport of rhodamine 123, a P-glycoprotein substrate, across rat intestine and Caco-2 cell monolayers in the presence of cytochrome P-450 3A-related compounds. (7/3466)

Effects of cytochrome P-450 3A- and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-related compounds, erythromycin, midazolam, ketoconazole, verapamil, and quinidine, on transport of rhodamine 123 (Rho-123), a P-gp substrate, were studied in rat intestine and in Caco-2 cells. Ileum was mainly used in rat studies because this segment showed greater P-gp-mediated Rho-123 transport. In an in vitro everted rat ileum, all the compounds examined significantly inhibited the transport of Rho-123 from serosal to mucosal surfaces across the intestine, with different inhibitory potencies among these compounds. In an in vivo rat study, the exsorption of Rho-123 from blood to the intestinal lumen, which was evaluated as exsorption clearance of Rho-123 under a steady-state plasma concentration of Rho-123, was also inhibited when these compounds were added to the intestinal lumen. Similarly, transepithelial transport of Rho-123 from the basolateral to apical side across Caco-2 cell monolayers was inhibited by these compounds. A linear relationship was observed in their inhibitory potencies on Rho-123 transport between in vitro and in vivo studies using rat ileum and between studies with rat ileum and Caco-2 cells. P-gp-mediated transport across the intestine was found to be inhibited not only by P-gp-related but also by all the cytochrome P-450 3A-related compounds examined. Within experimental error, the relative inhibitory potencies were the same between the studies with rat ileum (in vivo, in vitro) and those with Caco-2 cells. Thus, it is suggested that the function of P-gp and its sensitivity to these drugs may be similar in rat intestine and Caco-2 cells. (+info)

Interactions of a nonpeptidic drug, valacyclovir, with the human intestinal peptide transporter (hPEPT1) expressed in a mammalian cell line. (8/3466)

The results of previous work performed in our laboratory using an in situ perfusion technique in rats and rabbit apical brush border membrane vesicles have suggested that the intestinal uptake of valacyclovir (VACV) appears to be mediated by multiple membrane transporters. Using these techniques, it is difficult to characterize the transport kinetics of VACV with each individual transporter in the presence of multiple known or unknown transporters. The purpose of this study was to characterize the interaction of VACV and the human intestinal peptide transporter using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells that overexpress the human intestinal peptide transporter (hPEPT1) gene. VACV uptake was significantly greater in CHO cells transfected with hPEPT1 than in cells transfected with only the vector, pcDNA3. The optimum pH for VACV uptake was determined to occur at pH 7.5. Proton cotransport was not observed in hPEPT1/CHO cells, consistent with previously observed results in tissues and Caco-2 cells. VACV uptake was concentration dependent and saturable with a Michaelis-Menten constant and maximum velocity of 1.64 +/- 0.06 mM and 23.34 +/- 0.36 nmol/mg protein/5 min, respectively. A very similar Km value was obtained in hPEPT1/CHO cells and in rat and rabbit tissues and Caco-2 cells, suggesting that hPEPT1 dominates the intestinal transport properties of VACV in vitro. VACV uptake was markedly inhibited by various dipeptides and beta-lactam antibiotics, and Ki values of 12.8 +/- 2.7 and 9.1 +/- 1.2 mM were obtained for Gly-Sar and cefadroxil at pH 7.5, respectively. The present results demonstrate that VACV is a substrate for the human intestinal peptide transporter in hPEPT1/CHO cells and that although transport is pH dependent, proton cotransport is not apparent. Also, the results demonstrate that the hPEPT1/CHO cell system has use in investigating the transport kinetics of drugs with the human intestinal peptide transporter hPEPT1; however, the extrapolation of these transport properties to the in vivo situation requires further investigation. (+info)

The encoded protein is expressed as a precursor protein that is processed into two cell-surface-associated subunits, although ... 2002). "pCLCA1 becomes a cAMP-dependent chloride conductance mediator in Caco-2 cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 298 (4 ... 2003). "A calcium-activated chloride channel blocker inhibits goblet cell metaplasia and mucus overproduction". Novartis Found ... 334 (2): 569-76. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.06.122. PMID 16023076. CLCA1 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLCA1

"Effect of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems containing Labrasol on tight junctions in Caco-2 cells". Eur J Pharm Sci ... "Effect of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems containing Labrasol on tight junctions in Caco-2 cells.". Eur J Pharm Sci ... SMEDDS in research or development include formulations of the drugs anethole trithione,[2] oridonin,[3][4][5] curcumin,[6] ... 21 (2): 261-70. PMID 15032307. doi:10.1023/B:PHAM.0000016238.44452.f1.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-microemulsifying_drug_delivery_system

Inhibition of cell cycle progression for peripheral T-cells and proapoptotic for mucosal T-cells. Gastroenterology 2003;124, No ... êB dependent mechanism in Caco-2 cells. Gastroenterology 126[4], A-579, 2004. Schultz M et al. Preventive Effects of ... Stimulation of intestinal immune cells by E. coli in gnotobiotic piglets. Adv. Mucosal Immunol. 1995, 463-4. McCann ML et al. ... Characterization of the cellular response of polarized T84 epithelial cells induced by the probiotic E. coli strain Nissle 1917 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaflor

CoA reductase inhibitor mevastatin enhances the growth inhibitory effect of butyrate in the colorectal carcinoma cell line Caco ... lovastatin and mevastatin inhibit proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells". BMC Cancer. 8: 9. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-9. ... 1S,7S,8S,8aR)-8-{2-[(2R,4R)-4-Hydroxy-6-oxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]ethyl}-7-methyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl (2S)- ... Mevastatin might be considered the first statin drug;[2] clinical trials on mevastatin were performed in the late 1970s in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mevastatin

Coxsackievirus B4 has a cell tropism for natural killer cells and pancreatic islet cells. Infection can lead to beta-cell ... "Study of Coxsackie B viruses interactions with Coxsackie Adenovirus receptor and Decay-Accelerating Factor using Human CaCo-2 ... which can be found on heart muscle cells as well as epithelial and endothelial cells, a conformational change causes the host ... Upon entry of the genome into the cytoplasm of the host cell, the IRES in the 5' UTR recruits ribosomal subunits (cap- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coxsackie_B4_virus

... difficile cells in colorectal cells, and thus prevent Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea. Due to more than a century of safe use, ... bulgaricus strains to Caco-2 Cells" There are also numerous studies that outline the antimicrobial activity of L. bulgaricus ... Adherence to mucus and human epithelial cells and cell lines and the ability to reduce pathogen adhesion to surfaces is ... Resistance to gastric acidity Bile acid resistance Adherence to mucus and/or human epithelial cells and cell lines ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactobacillus_bulgaricus_GLB44

ACC1 is found in the cytoplasm of all cells but is enriched in lipogenic tissue, such as adipose tissue and lactating mammary ... "Polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 in CaCo-2 cells: effect on ... Phosphorylation can result when the hormones glucagon or epinephrine bind to cell surface receptors, but the main cause of ... Furthermore, insulin induces a phosphodiesterase that lowers the level of cAMP in the cell, thus inhibiting PKA, and also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetyl-CoA_carboxylase

"Cell. 138 (3): 476-88. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.05.036. PMC 2725194 . PMID 19646743.. ... "Polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 in CaCo-2 cells: effect on ... is expressed mainly in adult hormone-sensitive cells or cells with high lipid metabolism and in proliferating fetal cells". J. ... doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.013. PMID 17448991.. *^ a b Gipson P, Mills DJ, Wouts R, Grininger M, Vonck J, Kühlbrandt W (May ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid_synthase

NF-Y complex serves as a pioneer factor by promoting chromatin accessibility to facilitate other co-localizing cell type- ... "Transcription factor NF-Y regulates differentiation of CaCo-2 cells". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 407 (1): 39-44. ... Molecular Cell. 55 (5): 708-22. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2014.07.005. PMC 4157648. PMID 25132174. "Entrez Gene: NFYA nuclear ... Molecular Cell. 55 (5): 708-22. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2014.07.005. PMC 4157648. PMID 25132174.[verification needed] Oldfield AJ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFYA

1998). "Differential regulation of intestinal and liver fatty acid-binding proteins in human intestinal cell line (Caco-2): ... Cell Res. 244 (2): 441-7. doi:10.1006/excr.1998.4186. PMID 9806794.. الوسيط ,CitationClass=. تم تجاهله (مساعدة). ... Darimont C, Gradoux N, de Pover A (1999). "Epidermal growth factor regulates fatty acid uptake and metabolism in Caco-2 cells ... 2: 7. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-2-7. PMC 31346. PMID 11299043.. الوسيط ,CitationClass=. تم تجاهله (مساعدة). ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/FABP2

... helping cell-to-cell spread. After infection, Shigella cells multiply intracellularly and spread to neighboring epithelial ... "Shigella flexneri Enters Human Colonic Caco-2 Epithelial Cells through the Basolateral Pole". Infection and Immunity. 60 (1): ... "N-WASP deficiency reveals distinct pathways for cell surface projections and microbial actin-based motility". Nature Cell ... Hence, Shigella cells may cause dysentery. In rare cases, young children may have seizures. Symptoms can take as long as a week ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigella

"Identification of Host Cell Factors Associated with Astrovirus Replication in Caco-2 Cells". J. Virol. 89 (20): 10359-70. doi: ... As a general rule, DNA viruses replicate within the cell nucleus while RNA viruses replicate within the cytoplasm. Exceptions ... "Alphaherpesvirus axon-to-cell spread involves limited virion transmission". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. ... attach to and enter susceptible cells. Basic structural characteristics, such as genome type, virion shape and replication site ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_disease

"Cell atlas - SAAL1 - The Human Protein Atlas". The Human Protein Atlas. Chu PY, Tung SL, Tsai KW, Shen FP, Chan SH (July 2020 ... Immunofluorescent staining has identified SAAL1 localization in the nucleus of Caco-2 cells. However, western blotting of ... doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0. PMID 16169070. S2CID 8235923. "BoxShade Server". ExPASy. " ... doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.06.043. PMC 4617211. PMID 26186194. "TMIGD3 - Transmembrane domain-containing protein TMIGD3 - Homo ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAAL1

2005). Caco-2 permeability of weakly basic drugs predicted with the Double-Sink PAMPA pKaflux method. Pharm. Sci., 24: 333-349 ... 2004). PAMPA - a drug absorption in vitro model 7. Comparing rat in situ, Caco-2, and PAMPA permeability of fluoroquinolones. ... Drug development Drug discovery Lipid bilayer Caco-2 cell-based permeability Ottaviani, Giorgio; Martel, Sophie; Carrupt, ... including Caco-2 cultures, the gastrointestinal tract, blood-brain barrier and skin. The donor and/or acceptor compartments may ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_artificial_membrane_permeability_assay

"Expression and localization of organic cation/carnitine transporter OCTN2 in Caco-2 cells". American Journal of Physiology. ... "Downregulation of carnitine acyltransferases and organic cation transporter OCTN2 in mononuclear cells in healthy elderly and ... 162 (2): e34-5. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.05.038. PMID 22658351. Koizumi A, Nozaki J, Ohura T, Kayo T, Wada Y, Nezu J, Ohashi R ... 3.0.CO;2-8. PMID 10612840. Wang Y, Kelly MA, Cowan TM, Longo N (2000). "A missense mutation in the OCTN2 gene associated with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLC22A5

homotypic cell-cell adhesion. • negative regulation of apoptotic process. • negative regulation of anoikis. • negative ... by Members of the Afa/Dr Diffusely Adhering Family of Escherichia coli That Infect the Human Polarized Intestinal Caco-2/TC7 ... Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) also known as CD66e (Cluster of Differentiation 66e), is a ... Cell. Biol. 10 (6): 2738-48. PMC 360634 . PMID 2342461.. *. Kamarck ME, Elting JJ, Hart JT, et al. (1987). "Carcinoembryonic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEACAM5

Mol Cell Biol. 27 (6): 2324-42. doi:10.1128/MCB.02300-06. PMC 1820512. PMID 17210633. Grill B, Wilson GM, Zhang KX, Wang B, ... which transcytoses bidirectionally in Caco-2 cells". J Biol Chem. 270 (35): 20717-23. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.35.20717. PMID ... Mediate Its Interaction with G3BP-1 and Its Induction of Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2α, Entry ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caprin-1

These cells cause B-cells that recognize gliadin to proliferate. The B-cells mature into plasma cells producing anti-gliadin ... May 2007). "Intestinal translocation capabilities of wheat allergens using the Caco-2 cell line". J. Agric. Food Chem. 55 (11 ... p38 MAP kinase activation by CD3 negative cells (Lamina proxima mononuclear cells) and CD83 on dendritic cells Maiuri L, Ciacci ... The resulting structure can be presented by APC (with the same gliadin recognizing DQ isoforms) to T-cells, and B-cells can ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluten_immunochemistry

As an antioxidant, tyrosol can protect cells against injury due to oxidation in vitro. Although it is not as potent as other ... protects against oxidized-LDL-induced injury in Caco-2 cells". J. Nutr. 129 (7): 1269-1277. doi:10.1093/jn/129.7.1269. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosol

... alkaline sphingomyelinase in colon cancer HT-29 cells and a differentiation-related expression of the wild-type enzyme in Caco- ... can inhibit cell proliferation and stimulate cell differentiation and apoptosis. Animal studies showed that supplement of SM or ... alkaline sphingomyelinase in colon cancer HT-29 cells and a differentiation-related expression of the wild-type enzyme in Caco- ... Andersson D, Kotarsky K, Wu J, Agace W, Duan RD (July 2009). "Expression of alkaline sphingomyelinase in yeast cells and anti- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENPP7

Cell Biol. 119 (1): 37-43. doi:10.1007/s00418-002-0479-y. PMID 12548404. Neumann J, Brandsch M (2003). "Delta-aminolevulinic ... Sun BW, Zhao XC, Wang GJ, Li N, Li JS (2003). "Hormonal regulation of dipeptide transporter (PepT1) in Caco-2 cells with normal ... "An oligopeptide transporter is expressed at high levels in the pancreatic carcinoma cell lines AsPc-1 and Capan-2". Cancer Res ... "Thyroid hormone regulates the activity and expression of the peptide transporter PEPT1 in Caco-2 cells". Am. J. Physiol. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide_transporter_1

The scaffolding protein encoded by this gene is the main component of the caveolae plasma membranes found in most cell types. ... Frank PG, Lisanti MP (January 2007). "Caveolin-1 and liver regeneration: role in proliferation and lipogenesis". Cell Cycle. 6 ... "Cell-type and tissue-specific expression of caveolin-2. Caveolins 1 and 2 co-localize and form a stable hetero-oligomeric ... Journal of Cell Science. 115 (Pt 23): 4457-67. doi:10.1242/jcs.00130. PMID 12414992. Scherer PE, Lewis RY, Volonte D, Engelman ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caveolin_1

J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. 292 (1): C332-41. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00634.2005. PMID 16956961. v t e. ... "Regulation of the human taurine transporter by TNF-alpha and an anti-inflammatory function of taurine in human intestinal Caco- ... 1992). "Molecular cloning of the cDNA for an MDCK cell Na(+)- and Cl(−)-dependent taurine transporter that is regulated by ... Han X, Patters AB, Chesney RW (2002). "Transcriptional repression of taurine transporter gene (TauT) by p53 in renal cells". J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium-_and_chloride-dependent_taurine_transporter

"Human myeloid dendritic cells treated with supernatants of rotavirus infected Caco-2 cells induce a poor Th1 response". ... Most immune cells (or leukocytes) secrete TGF-β1. Some T cells (e.g. regulatory T cells) release TGF-β1 to inhibit the actions ... It is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell ... However, as with other cell types, TGF-β1 can also have the opposite effect on cells of myeloid origin. For example, TGF-β1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TGF_beta_1

PAMPA - a non cell-based permeability assay. References[edit]. *^ Fogh J and Trempe G in Human Tumor Cells In Vitro (J. Fogh, ... 1983). "Enterocyte-like differentiation and polarization of the human colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2 in culture". Biol Cell. ... 1989). "Characterization of the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) as a model system for intestinal epithelial ... influence of cell and culture-related factors on Caco-2 cell functional characteristics". Cell Biol Toxicol. 21 (1): 1-26. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caco-2

Cell Physiology. 283 (6): C1696-704. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00461.2001. PMID 12388072. Boyer JC, Campbell CE, Sigurdson WJ, Kuo SM ... "Up-regulation and polarized expression of the sodium-ascorbic acid transporter SVCT1 in post-confluent differentiated CaCo-2 ... "Regulation of the human vitamin C transporters expressed in COS-1 cells by protein kinase C [corrected]". American Journal of ... "Molecular characterization of two novel transporters from human and mouse kidney and from LLC-PK1 cells reveals a novel ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLC23A1

Szymocha R, Akaoka H, Dutuit M, Malcus C, Didier-Bazes M, Belin MF, Giraudon P (July 2000). "Human T-cell lymphotropic virus ... "EAAT1 is involved in transport of L-glutamate during differentiation of the Caco-2 cell line". American Journal of Physiology. ... In the retina, EAAT1 is expressed in Muller cells. EAAT1 is also expressed in a number of other tissues including cardiac ... The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0041-KIAA0080) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1". DNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excitatory_amino_acid_transporter_1

There, it functions to bind iron and calcium cations that are present in both well water and plant cells. It is particularly ... CaCO3. Ammonium sulfate occurs naturally as the rare mineral mascagnite in volcanic fumaroles and due to coal fires on some ... Ga2(SO4)3 Ge As Se Br Kr RbHSO4. Rb2SO4 SrSO4 Y2(SO4)3 Zr(SO4)2 Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh PdSO4 Ag2SO4 CdSO4 In2(SO4)3 SnSO4 Sb2(SO4)3 Te ... HSO4)2 Cl Ar K2SO4. KHSO4 CaSO4 Sc2(SO4)3 TiOSO4 VSO4. V2(SO4)3. VOSO4 CrSO4. Cr2(SO4)3 MnSO4 FeSO4. Fe2(SO4)3 CoSO4 NiSO4 CuSO ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_sulphate

This anti-inflammatory effect is due to decreased numbers and activity of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and increased numbers of T ... "Prebiotic oligosaccharides reduce proinflammatory cytokines in intestinal Caco-2 cells via activation of PPARγ and ... Bacteria and their products increase the expression of PGLYRP3 in keratinocytes and oral epithelial cells. Mouse PGLYRP3 is ... PGLYRP3 forms disulfide-linked homodimers, but when expressed in the same cells with PGLYRP4, it forms PGLYRP3:PGLYRP4 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptidoglycan_recognition_protein_3

It is represented by a lattice of points which repeats a basic pattern, called a unit cell, in three dimensions. The lattice ... Calcite is a carbonate mineral (CaCO3) with a rhombohedral crystal structure. ... Commonly pronounced /ˌmɪnəˈrɒlədʒi/[1][2] due to the common phonological process of anticipatory assimilation, especially in ... 2 (6): 388. doi:10.2113/gselements.2.6.388.. *^ Higgins, Michael D.; Smith, Dorian G. W. (October 2010). "A census of mineral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralogist

In a limestone, calcite or aragonite (both CaCO3) form because the rock is rich in calcium and carbonate. A corollary is that a ... Cell Biology and Mineral Deposition. by Kenneth Simkiss; Karl M. Wilbur On Biomineralization. by Heinz A. Lowenstam; Stephen ... Calcite, CaCO3, can have a high magnesium impurity. Under high-Mg conditions, its polymorph aragonite will form instead; the ... The reaction of acid with carbonates, most commonly found as the polymorph calcite and aragonite (CaCO3), relates to the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral

All zooids in a colony are linked by strands of epithelial cells. The individual members of a colony, the zooids, are in some ... CaCO3), sometimes of chitin, an organic compound. The zooids in a colony are all clones, produced by asexual reproduction. ... Just as in many animals, cells with the same basic genetics can form different tissues which have different functions. This is ... The colonies are formed by tiny (~0.2mm) members called zooids.[2] They secrete tubes, usually of lime ( ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryozoa

It is characterised by the presence of cancer cells in the subdermal lymphatics on skin biopsy. Consequently, IBC is always ... 15 (3): 321-8. doi:10.1023/B:CACO.0000024222.61114.18. JSTOR 3554049. PMID 15090727.. ... 2 (6): 433-8. doi:10.1093/molehr/2.6.433. PMID 9238713.. *^ Van Den Eynden, Gert G; Van Laere, Steven J; Van Der Auwera, Ilse; ... caveolin-1 and -2 are overexpressed and may contribute to tumour cell motility[13] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammatory_breast_cancer

There is a theory that, in some nerve cell synapses, when long-term memories are being laid down, the receiving cell makes ... Zn + CaCO3 → ZnO + CaO + CO. Silver nitrate and iodoform also afford carbon monoxide:. CHI3 + 3AgNO3 + H2O → 3HNO3 + CO + 3AgI ... Some such nerve cells have been shown to contain guanylate cyclase, an enzyme that is activated by carbon monoxide.[15] ... Carbon monoxide can also be produced by high-temperature electrolysis of carbon dioxide with solid oxide electrolyzer cells:[72 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide

Such indexing gives the unit-cell parameters, the lengths and angles of the unit-cell, as well as its space group. Since ... CaCO3) and pyrite (FeS2)[31] in 1914; spinel (MgAl2O4) in 1915;[32][33] the rutile and anatase forms of titanium dioxide (TiO2 ... 2. π. ). 3. F. (. q. ). e. i. q. ⋅. r. =. ∫. d. q. (. 2. π. ). 3. ,. F. (. q. ). ,. e. i. ϕ. (. q. ). e. i. q. ⋅. r. .. {\ ... 2. π. ). 3. ,. F. (. q. ). ,. e. i. (. ϕ. +. q. ⋅. r. ). =. ∫. d. q. (. 2. π. ). 3. ,. F. (. q. ). ,. cos. ⁡. (. ϕ. +. q. ⋅. r ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography

مدتی بعد دانشمند مشهور کریستین هوگنز (۱۶۹۰) خواص نوری کریستال‌های کلسیت (CaCO۳) را بررسی کرده و فرضیه‌ای را ارائه کرد که ... A crystal structure (an arrangement of atoms in a crystal) is characterized by its unit cell, a small imaginary box containing ... The symmetry of a crystal is constrained by the requirement that the unit cells stack perfectly with no gaps. There are 219 ... The unit cells are stacked in three-dimensional space to form the crystal. ...

https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/بلور?match=en

Lithium battery cells, if ingested, cause serious injuries, even if not crushed. The damage is caused, not by the contents of ... CaCO3 ↓ + 2 NaOH(aq). This process was superseded by the Solvay process in the late 19th century, which was in turn supplanted ... Mg(OH)2 Al(OH)3 Si P S Cl Ar KOH Ca(OH)2 Sc(OH)3 Ti V Cr(OH)2. Cr(OH)3 Mn(OH)2 Fe(OH)2. Fe(OH)3 Co(OH)2 Ni(OH)2 CuOH. Cu(OH)2 ... Sr(OH)2 Y(OH)3 Zr(OH)4 Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd AgOH Cd(OH)2 In(OH)3 Sn(OH)2. Sn(OH)4 Sb(OH)3 Te I Xe ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E524

... immortalized cell lines, primary cell lines, patient-derived cell lines and whole animal models. These screens are designed to ... PAMPA is attractive as an early screen due to the low consumption of drug and the low cost compared to tests such as Caco-2, ... or cell proliferation as examples in a more holistic cell model or organism. Smaller screening sets are often used for these ... which pull the chromosomes apart in dividing cells (such as cancer cells). Other examples are: 1. Camptotheca (Camptothecin · ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_discovery

... where it can be used to power hydrogen fuel cells or directly within high-temperature fuel cells.[68] The conversion of ammonia ... CaCO3 + 2 NH3. Haber-Bosch processEdit. Main article: Haber-Bosch process ... Lan, Rong; Tao, Shanwen (28 August 2014). "Ammonia as a suitable fuel for fuel cells". Frontiers in Energy Research. 2: 35. doi ... Two demonstration fuel cell vehicles have the technology, a Hyundai Nexo and Toyota Mirai.[83] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia

and an empty cell of her own; then she offered herself for sale nude. with her nipples covered in gold, using the false name of ... It was preserved in Romanian too, not for feces, where căcat (derived from caco) is used instead, but in the word dezmierda, ... 2, p. 333. *^ For further information on this inscription, which is in the form of an iambic senarius, see "The Room of the ... 2 (1996), pp. 579-581.. *Dutsch, Dorota and Ann Suter (ed.) (2015), Ancient Obscenities: Their Nature and Use in the Ancient ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_obscenity

displaystyle \mathrm {CaCO_{3}\longrightarrow CaO+CO_{2}} }. Carbon dioxide is also made in the combustion of all carbon- ... and proteins in the mitochondria of cells. The large number of reactions involved are exceedingly complex and not described ... 2. H. C. l. +. C. a. C. O. 3. ⟶. C. a. C. l. 2. +. H. 2. C. O. 3. {\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ HCl+CaCO_{3}\longrightarrow CaCl_{ ... 2 from the air, and, together with water, react it to form carbohydrates: n. C. O. 2. +. n. H. 2. O. ⟶. (. C. H. 2. O. ). n. + ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_ice

Onozato, Hiroshi (1979). "Studies on fish scale formation and resorption". Cell and Tissue Research. 201 (3): 409-422. doi: ... CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4) and iron storage and mobilization (Fe2O3•H2O in the protein ferritin). ... Negatively charged ligands at the surface of the cells attract the positively charged uranyl ion (UO22+). If the concentrations ... Murdock, D. J. E.; Donoghue, P. C. J. (2011). "Evolutionary Origins of Animal Skeletal Biomineralization". Cells Tissues Organs ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomineralisation

CaCO3. *CaC2O4. *CaCl2. *Ca(ClO)2. *Ca(ClO3)2 ... Waktu paruh (t1/2) Moda peluruhan Pro-duk 40Ca 96,941% 40Ca ... version 2 (PDF). ORNL/CDIAC-74.. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link) ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium

"Micro-cell" redirects here. For the battery type, see Micro cell.. Calcium silicate Names ... CaCO3. *CaC2O4. *CaCl2. *Ca(ClO)2. *Ca(ClO3)2 ... 2 Use *2.1 High-temperature insulation. *2.2 Passive fire ... Nutrition & Food Science, 75(4), 2-4. doi:10.1108/eb058634 *^ Dovál, M., Palou, M. & Mojumdar, S.C. J Therm Anal Calorim (2006 ... Calcium silicate is the chemical compound Ca2SiO4, also known as calcium orthosilicate and is sometimes formulated as 2CaO·SiO2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E552

CaCO. 3 (s) + 2 NaOCl (aq). Na. 2CO. 3 (aq) + CaCl. 2 (aq) → CaCO. 3 (s) + 2 NaCl (aq). Na. 2CO. 3 (aq) + Ca(OH). 2 (s) → CaCO ... A molecule called nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is known to play a critical role in ... aq) + 2 HCl (aq) → Cl. 2 (g) + H. 2O (aq) + Cl−. (aq). Cl. 2 (g) + 2 OH−. → ClO−. (aq) + Cl−. (aq) + H. 2O (aq). At a pH of ... 2 (aq) + H. 2O. Cl. 2 (aq) + Cl−. ⇌ Cl−. 3. Cl. 2 (aq) ⇌ Cl. 2 (g). The second equilibrium equation above will be shifted to ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hypochlorite

The neutralization of CaCO3, or balancing the concentration of CaCO3 on the seafloor, land and in the ocean, can be measured on ... The nitrogen to iron ratio in a typical algae cell is 16:0.0001, meaning that for every iron atom added to the ocean a ... 2. ). 2. +. H. 2. O. →. u. r. e. a. s. e. NH. 3. +. NH. 2. COOH. {\displaystyle {\ce {CO(NH_2)_2 + H_2O -,[urease] NH_3 + NH_ ... 2. COOH. +. H. 2. O. ⟶. NH. 3. +. H. 2. CO. 3. {\displaystyle {\ce {NH_2COOH + H_2O -, NH_3 + H_2CO_3}}}. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_storage_of_carbon_dioxide

Plant, Cell & Environment. 1999, 22 (6): 741-755. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00419.x.. 引文使用過時參數coauthors (幫助) ... CO2 (aq) + H2O ↔. {\displaystyle \leftrightarrow }. H2CO3 ↔. {\displaystyle \leftrightarrow }. HCO3− + H+ ↔. {\displaystyle \ ... 海洋酸化（英語：Ocean acidification）指的是地球海洋攝入大氣中的二氧化碳後，pH值逐漸降低的趨勢[1] 人類向大氣排放的二氧化碳中有約30%到40%會溶解於海洋

https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/海洋酸化

The CaCO3 content of these limestones can be as low as 80%. Secondary raw materials (materials in the raw mix other than ... Spent cell liner from the aluminium smelting industry (also called spent pot liner) ... The major raw material for the clinker-making is usually limestone (CaCO3) mixed with a second material containing clay as ... doi:10.1016/0008-8846(86)90109-2.. *^ Hahn, Thomas F., and Emory Leland Kemp. Cement mills along the Potomac River. Morgantown ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portland_cement

Each cell contains two brown chloroplasts which surround the nucleus.[12] Exoskeleton (coccosphere)[edit]. Each unicellular ... Ca2+ + 2HCO3− ←→ CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O.[37]. Because coccolithophores are photosynthetic organisms, they are able to use some of ... In this process the coccoliths from the parent cell are divided between the two daughter cells. There have been suggestions ... include a smaller cell radius and lower cell volume than other types of phytoplankton. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccolithophore

Calcium also binds to the phospholipid layer of the cell membrane, anchoring proteins associated with the cell surface.[53] ... 3 → CaCO. 3(s) + CO. 2 + H. 2O. At seawater pH, most of the CO2 is immediately converted back into HCO−. 3. The reaction ... in contraction of all muscle cell types; as cofactors in many enzymes; and in fertilization.[5] Calcium ions outside cells are ... The ancient Romans instead used lime mortars made by heating limestone (CaCO3); the name "calcium" itself derives from the ...

https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/کلسیم?match=en

Electrolytes enter and leave cells through proteins in the cell membrane called ion channels. For example, muscle contraction ... CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4) and iron storage and mobilization (Fe2O3•H2O in the protein ferritin). Because extracellular[9] iron is ... The maintenance of precise gradients across cell membranes maintains osmotic pressure and pH.[14] Ions are also critical for ... Levitan I (1988). "Modulation of ion channels in neurons and other cells". Annu Rev Neurosci. 11: 119-36. doi:10.1146/annurev. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioinorganic_chemistry

displaystyle \mathrm {CaCO_{3}\longrightarrow CaO+CO_{2}} }. Carbon dioxide is also made in the combustion of all carbon- ... and proteins in the mitochondria of cells. The large number of reactions involved are exceedingly complex and not described ... 2. H. C. l. +. C. a. C. O. 3. ⟶. C. a. C. l. 2. +. H. 2. C. O. 3. {\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ HCl+CaCO_{3}\longrightarrow CaCl_{ ... 2. O. 3. +. 3. C. O. ⟶. 2. F. e. +. 3. C. O. 2. {\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe_{2}O_{3}+3\ CO\longrightarrow 2\ Fe+3\ CO_{2}} }. ...

https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide

Mediation of highly concentrative uptake of pregabalin by L-type amino acid transport in Chinese hamster ovary and Caco-2 cells ... InChI=1S/C8H17NO2/c1-6(2)3-7(5-9)4-8(10)11/h6-7H,3-5,9H2,1-2H3,(H,10,11)/t7-/m0/s1. Key: AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N Y. ... 2)delta-1 and alpha(2)delta-2 calcium channel subunits. Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 Sep 30;667(1-3):80-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar. ... "J Cheminform 2 (1): 3. DOI:10.1186/1758-2946-2-3. PMID 20331846. http://www.jcheminf.com/content/2/1/3. edit ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregabalin

... Xiaofang Zhang,1 Jinhui Song,2 Xiaopeng Shi,1 Shan Miao,3 ... These results suggest that a specific transport system mediates rutin movement across the apical membrane in Caco-2 cells and ... 2Department of Otolaryngology, Shenyang 463 Hospital, Xiao He Yan Road 46, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China. 3School of ... beneficial polyphenol rutin were studied by measuring the intracellular accumulation and transport of rutin into Caco-2 cells ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2013/382350/abs/

Caco 2 whole cell lysate Lysates datasheet (ab3950). Abcam offers quality products including antibodies, assays and other ... Cell line: Caco-2 (Human colorectal adenocarcinoma).. Growth media: Minimum essential medium (Eagle) with 2mM L-glutamine, 1.5 ... Cell Biology. Epigenetics. Metabolism. Developmental Biology. By research area. Immunology. Microbiology. Neuroscience. Signal ... Cell and tissue imaging tools. Cellular and biochemical assays. By product type. Proteins and Peptides. Proteomics tools. ...

https://www.abcam.com/caco-2-whole-cell-lysate-ab3950.html

Finally, comet-tail pseudopod structures shown to be involved in cell-to-cell passage of Listeria in Caco-2 cells did not ... suggesting that the phagocytic process is primarily host-cell-dependent once it is initiated by the bacterial cell. ... Immunogold labelling of Listeria monocytogenes virulence-related factors within Caco-2 cells.. Quinn F1, Pine L, White E, ... produced by Listeria monocytogenes were primarily cell-wall-associated when the bacterium infected Caco-2 tissue culture cell ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8140278?dopt=Abstract

A brief exposure (1 h) of 51Cr-radiolabeled breast cancer cells (BT-20) but not colon cancer cells (Caco-2) to hemin (10 microM ... Human colon cancer cells (Caco-2) were permanently transfected with a COX-2 expression vector or the identical vector lacking ... MCP-1 was detected in isolated intestinal epithelial cells and in conditioned media from Caco-2 cells [17]. ... Butyrate mediates Caco-2 cell apoptosis via up-regulation of pro-apoptotic BAK and inducing caspase-3 mediated cleavage of poly ...

https://www.wikigenes.org/e/mesh/e/17263.html

Extensive metabolism of the flavonoid chrysin by human Caco-2 and Hep G2 cells.. Galijatovic A1, Otake Y, Walle UK, Walle T. ... Sulphate conjugation occurred at a rate twice that of glucuronic acid conjugation in both cell types. 3. M1 was catalyzed by ... Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston ... the metabolism of chrysin by cultured intestinal Caco-2 cells and hepatic Hep G2 cells was studied, together modelling human ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10647910?dopt=Abstract

W. Chen, L. Feng, H. Nie, and X. Zheng, "Andrographolide induces autophagic cell death in human liver cancer cells through ... Myricitrin Inhibits Acrylamide-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Human Caco-2 Cells by Preventing Oxidative Stress. Wei Chen,1 Lina Feng ... W. Chen, Z. Zhao, L. Li et al., "Hispolon induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial ... J. Cao, Y. Liu, L. Jia et al., "Curcumin attenuates acrylamide-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in HepG2 cells by ROS ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2013/724183/ref/

Hybridoma cell line has a doubling time of just 24hrs is growing fast and soon will replace Caco-2 cells. caco-2 cells are ... Top : Forum Archives: : Cell Biology. Caco-2 Vs Hybridoma cells - contamination of Caco-2 cell line with hybridoma cell line ( ... hi friends ! iam handling few cell lines ! we recently bought Caco-2 cell line. i have ended up mixing caco-2 cells with ... can any one help me out to separate these cells so that i can save Caco-2 cell line. ...

http://www.protocol-online.org/biology-forums/posts/15068.html

These cells, upon reaching confluency, spontaneously differentiate into... ... The Caco-2 colorectal cancer cell line is widely used as a model for intestinal differentiation and barrier function. ... Cell 140:313-326. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.028 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar ... Cell 140:313-326. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.028 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar ...

https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007/7651_2017_66

Transepithelial transport of 6-O-caffeoylsophorose across Caco-2 cell monolayers.. [Hoang Lan Phuong, Ju Qiu, Takashi Kuwahara ... A less significant change of CS transport was observed across Caco-2 cell monolayers pretreated with quercetin, a suppressor of ... The absorption of CS was investigated by its transport across Caco-2 cell monolayers using a high-performance liquid ... These findings strongly indicate that CS, a caffeic acid analogue bearing sophorose moiety, can be transported across Caco-2 ...

https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/papers/23265462

Seven Lactobacillus strains adhered well to the Caco-2 cells, of which three possessed calcium-independent adhesion properties ... Twenty-five strains of lactobacilli were tested for their ability to adhere to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells in culture. ... Adhesion of human Lactobacillus acidophilus strain LB to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells J Gen Microbiol. 1992 Aug;138 Pt 8: ... Twenty-five strains of lactobacilli were tested for their ability to adhere to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells in culture. ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1527509/?dopt=Abstract

... inhibited when treated with water-soluble extract of fermented ... The proliferations of Caco-2, MCF-7, and HELA cells were more inhibited when treated with WSE of fermented camel milk extracts. ... 2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulphonic acid). The highest angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition of WSE in camel ... Camel milk fermented byLc.K782 had the highest antioxidant activity by 2, ...

http://www.greenmedinfo.com/article/proliferations-caco-2-mcf-7-and-hela-cells-were-more-inhibited-when-treated-wa

... exchange activity in human Caco-2 cells. Our results demonstrate that NO inhi ... Previous Document: Vitamin D-inducible calcium transport and gene expression in three Caco-2 cell lines.. Next Document: LPS- ... Caco-2 Cells. Cyclic AMP / analogs & derivatives*, pharmacology. Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / antagonists & ... Our data in support of this conclusion can be outlined as follows: 1) incubation of Caco-2 cells with SNAP (500 microM) for 30 ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Modulation-Cl-exchange-activity-in/12181176.html

In order to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles on human intestinal cells, we used the Caco-2 cell line and peptide ... Cell viability and proliferation were measured using Promegas CellTiter-Blue(®) Cell Viability assay, DAPI staining and ... 22615588 - Molecular analysis of men1 expression in mcf7, t47d and mda-mb 468 breast cancer cell l.... 1576428 - Primary b-cell ... Exposure of proliferating Caco-2 cells to silver nanoparticle induced decreasing adherence capacity and cytotoxicity, whereby ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Cytotoxicity-peptide-coated-silver-nanoparticles/22418598.html

A 1.5 μM concentration of DON maintained cell adherence of non-proliferating Caco-2 cells, whilst arresting the growth of ... actively proliferating cells compared with control Caco-2 cells in vitro. At 0.37 μM, DON enhanced Caco-2 cell metabolism, ... thereby triggering a moderate increase in cell proliferation. The results of the current study suggested that low ... on the proliferation of undifferentiated Caco-2 cells presenting a tumorigenic phenotype. ...

http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/7/2/593

... encapsulated ferritin cage across the Caco-2 cells was investigated. After the encapsulation of EGC in apo-red bean (adzuki) ... Furthermore, the transport of EGC in ERCs980 and ERCs4600 across the Caco-2 cells was enhanced by the transferrin receptor 1 ( ... Chitosan binding onto the epigallocatechin-loaded ferritin nanocage enhances its transport across Caco-2 cells R. Yang, J. Tian ... Chitosan binding onto the epigallocatechin-loaded ferritin nanocage enhances its transport across Caco-2 cells ...

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/fo/c8fo00097b

Meaning of caco-2 cells. What does caco-2 cells mean? Information and translations of caco-2 cells in the most comprehensive ... Definition of caco-2 cells in the Definitions.net dictionary. ... Search for caco-2 cells on Amazon. *Search for caco-2 cells on ... These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation. ... Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells ...

https://www.definitions.net/definition/caco-2%20cells

... 这的Caco-2模型提供在其他的Caco-2机型12最有效的脂质运输- 14。然而，在体内的淋巴插管模型仍然比任何体外模型更有效地输送脂质。的根本原因已被最近讨论8，即因为Caco-2细胞产生2个不同的载脂

https://www.jove.com/video/53086/caco-2?language=Chinese

... absorption in a cell culture model. The MT intracellular concentration was determined using a cadmium/hemoglobin affinity assay ... Caco-2 cell metallothionein (MT) formation was studied to determine if MT could be used as a proxy for zinc (Zn) ... The Zn and MT concentrations in the cells incubated with Zn (when ,10 μmol L−1) were similar to the untreated cells. PA ... Cells were treated with a media containing 0, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 μmol L−1 Zn (ZnCl2). The effect of varying the Zn : PA molar ...

http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2012/FO/C2FO10232C

To evaluate and optimize the use of Caco-2 cell monolayers to predict the in vivo absorption of a broad range of compounds in ... Caco-2 absorption prediction human P-glycoprotein transport This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. ... To evaluate and optimize the use of Caco-2 cell monolayers to predict thein vivo absorption of a broad range of compounds in ... Caco-2 cells are derived from human adenocarcinoma colon cells and spontaneously differentiate when grown on porous ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1012102522787

... from CD as an integrated system in the Caco-2 cell monolayer model using a bioassay system. The results showed that PRE is ... Cell differentiation Is the Subject Area "Cell differentiation" applicable to this article? Yes. No. ... Caco-2 cells Is the Subject Area "Caco-2 cells" applicable to this article? Yes. No. ...

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0116490

The B. cereus cell-free supernatants have been tested for their toxicity in vitro, on differentiated (21 day-old) Caco-2 cells ... Caco-2 cells) and a co-culture (Caco-2 and HT29-MTX mucus-secreting cells) model has been performed with selected B. cereus ... The B. cereus cell-free supernatants have been tested for their toxicity in vitro, on differentiated (21 day-old) Caco-2 cells ... Keywords: B. cereus; enterotoxin; cytotoxicity; Caco-2; HT29-MTX B. cereus; enterotoxin; cytotoxicity; Caco-2; HT29-MTX ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/11/320

Virus-Cell Interactions. Identification of Host Cell Factors Associated with Astrovirus Replication in Caco-2 Cells. Andrea ... Cells, virus, and reagents.Cells of the colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line, obtained from the American Type Culture ... Identification of host cell factors associated with astrovirus replication in Caco-2 cells. J Virol 89:10359-10370. doi:10.1128 ... The biophysics and cell biology of lipid droplets. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 14:775-786. doi:10.1038/nrm3699. ...

https://jvi.asm.org/content/89/20/10359

Cell stress & chaperones 2015-5-16 Caco-2 cells infected with rotavirus release extracellular vesicles that express markers of ... Previously, we showed that infecting human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) with rotavirus (RV) increases the release of ... When we infected cells in the presence of caspase inhibitors, Hsc70 and AChE diminished in EVs obtained at 100,000×g, but not ...

https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/papers/25975376

Cell culture.. The human colon cancer cell line, Caco-2, was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD ... Cell cycle analysis.. Cell cycle analysis was performed to further elucidate Caco-2 growth characteristics. A significant ... Cell cycle and apoptosis measurements.. Cells were trypsinized and fixed with 100% ethanol at room temperature. Fixed cells ... There was a significant decrease in the percentage of cells in the synthesis (S) phase (B) of the cell cycle as cells ...

http://ajpgi.physiology.org/content/283/6/G1352

In order to understand this virus-cell interaction more completely, we utilized a cell culture-adapted rhesus rotavirus (RRV) ... polarized epithelial cells grown on a permeable support. Filter-grown Caco-2 cells and MDCK-1 cells, producing a ... Symmetric infection of rotavirus on polarized human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells.. L Svensson, B B Finlay, D Bass, C H ... Whereas Semliki Forest virus infection only occurred when input virions had access to the basolateral domain of MDCK-1 or Caco- ...

https://jvi.asm.org/content/65/8/4190?ijkey=9253c7357e3c2775f80593a1fdace1d096b5c007&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

by International Journal of Morphology; Biological sciences Antibodies Research Cancer research Cell differentiation Colon ... Rosiglitazone Role in the Expression of KLF6 Caco-2 Colon Cancer Cells/Rol de Rosiglitazona en la Expresion de KLF6 en Celulas ... Management cell culture. Cell lines Caco-2 were incubated for 24 hours, then the cells were seeded in an amount of 1X 10 6 ... Cell culture. Cell lines of human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 (Sigma-Aldrich) were used, they were maintained in Dulbecco ...

https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Rosiglitazone+Role+in+the+Expression+of+KLF6+Caco-2+Colon+Cancer...-a0534838361

... ras-transfected cells to 5 mm DFMO had a much more pronounced effect on cell survival than that exhibited by the parental Caco- ... Preparation of Whole-Cell Lysates of Caco-2 Cells.. Whole-cell lysates of Caco-2 cells were prepared according to commercially ... Cell Culture and Drug Treatments.. Caco-2 cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD). Caco-2 ... Cell Number and Viability Determinations.. Caco-2 cells were removed from the monolayer by treatment with trypsin (∼1500 units/ ...

http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/9/11/1155

Different responses of Caco-2 and MCF-7 cells to silver nanoparticles are based on highly similar mechanisms of action. ... Compared with MCF-7 cells, Caco-2 cells showed a higher sensitivity to AgNPs, slower gene expression kinetics and absence of NP ... Compared with MCF-7 cells, Caco-2 cells showed a higher sensitivity to AgNPs, slower gene expression kinetics and absence of NP ... MCF-7 cells are epithelial breast cancer cells with extensive well-characterized toxicogenomics profiles. In the present study ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/27597447/Different_responses_of_Caco_2_and_MCF_7_cells_to_silver_nanoparticles_are_based_on_highly_similar_mechanisms_of_action_

The presence of members of this protein family was examined in Caco-2 cells by a PCR-based strategy. Twenty-five different ... Rab21 is an apically located GTP-binding protein in polarised intestinal epithelial cells Eur J Cell Biol. 2000 May;79(5):308- ... The presence of members of this protein family was examined in Caco-2 cells by a PCR-based strategy. Twenty-five different ... For one clone, encoding Rab21, full-length cDNA was isolated from a Caco-2 cDNA library. Northern blot analysis showed a ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10887961/?dopt=Abstract

Characterization of metabolites of hydroxycinnamates in the in vitro model of human small intestinal epithelium caco-2 cells. ... Caco-2 CellsChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCoumaric AcidsEpithelial CellsGlucuronidesHumansIntestine, SmallKineticsMass ... Uptake and metabolism of hydroxycinnamic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic, and ferulic acids) by HepG2 cells as a model of the human ... In this study, we used the in vitro Caco-2 model of human small intestinal epithelium to investigate the metabolism of the ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/14690369/Characterization_of_metabolites_of_hydroxycinnamates_in_the_in_vitro_model_of_human_small_intestinal_epithelium_caco_2_cells_

Sun H, Chow EC, Liu S et al (2008) The Caco-2 cell monolayer: usefulness and limitations. (springer.com)
Transport experiments were conducted using 21 day cultured cells in a shaking water bath at 37°C. Radiolabeled mannitol was used to determine monolayer integrity. (springer.com)
Cell viability and the CPE analysis together with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence data indicated that the abolishment of resistance across the monolayer was due not to an effect on the plasma membrane of the cells but to an effect on the paracellular pathway limited by tight junctions. (asm.org)
23 ). We have previously shown that Afa/Dr DAEC strains infect polarized human intestinal Caco-2 cells expressing a well-characterized brush border endowed with CD55 and forming a monolayer mimicking an epithelial barrier ( 32 ). (asm.org)
Protein phosphatases 2A and 1 interact with occludin and negatively regulate the assembly of tight junctions in the CACO-2 cell monolayer. (semanticscholar.org)
Caco-2 cells are most commonly used not as individual cells, but as a confluent monolayer on a cell culture insert filter (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
When cultured in this format, the cells differentiate to form a polarized epithelial cell monolayer that provides a physical and biochemical barrier to the passage of ions and small molecules. (wikipedia.org)
[3] [6] The Caco-2 monolayer is widely used across the pharmaceutical industry as an in vitro model of the human small intestinal mucosa to predict the absorption of orally administered drugs with different kits such as the CacoReady. (wikipedia.org)
The considerable impact of the Caco-2 cell monolayer model can be measured in at least two ways. (wikipedia.org)
our Discovery Plus™ Cell Permeability assay makes it possible to measure permeability across either a Caco-2 monolayer to evaluate intestinal absorption or an MDCKII-MDR1 monolayer to evaluate potential blood-brain barrier permeability. (xenotech.com)
Exposure of B. pilosicoli cultures to 0.05 mM NE prior to incubation with Caco-2 monolayers resulted in more attachment to the monolayer than occurred with non-exposed cultures. (edu.au)
Curiel, David T. / Transport across a polarized monolayer of Caco-2 cells by transferrin receptor-mediated adenovirus transcytosis . (elsevier.com)

The Caco-2 colorectal cancer cell line is widely used as a model for intestinal differentiation and barrier function. (springer.com)
Caco-2 cells also undergo autophagy in the course of differentiation. (springer.com)
Here, we describe the protocol for the spontaneous differentiation of Caco-2 cells and the detection of autophagy using Western blot, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. (springer.com)
Van Beers EH, Al RH, Rings EH (1995) Lactase and sucrase-isomaltase gene expression during Caco-2 cell differentiation. (springer.com)
Buhrke T, Lengler I, Lampen A (2011) Analysis of proteomic changes induced upon cellular differentiation of the human intestinal cell line Caco-2. (springer.com)
Adhesion increased in parallel with the morphological and functional differentiation of the Caco-2 cells. (nih.gov)
Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as ENTEROCYTES. (definitions.net)
These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation. (definitions.net)
Is the Subject Area "Cell differentiation" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
The aim of this study was to determine the redox state of cellular GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) and Trx as a consequence of progression from proliferation to contact inhibition and spontaneous differentiation in colon carcinoma (Caco-2) cells. (physiology.org)
Therefore, the measured 40-mV oxidation of the cellular GSH/GSSG couple or the 28-mV oxidation of the extracellular cysteine/cystine couple should be sufficient to function in signaling or regulation of differentiation in Caco-2 cells. (physiology.org)
Apart from the involvement of cellular GSH in proliferation, changes in the cellular GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) redox state (E h ) have been implicated in cell cycle responses such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. (physiology.org)
These findings suggest that as cells progress from proliferation through contact inhibition, differentiation, and finally apoptosis, there is a natural progression from a more reduced to a more oxidized E h . (physiology.org)
KLF6 has great importance in the control of various processes as cell growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis and angiogenesis (Gehrau et al. (thefreelibrary.com)
The same rank order was obtained for the ability of the vitamin D compounds to induce activity of the differentiation marker enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, in quiescent Caco-2 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
Iron saturation alters the effect of lactoferrin on the proliferation and differentiation of human enterocytes (Caco-2 cells). (harvard.edu)
The enterocytic differentiation of Caco-2 cells, a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, is accompanied by the transcriptionally regulated expression of a subset of proteins and their correct sorting towards the cell surface. (biologists.org)
Under these conditions, cells maintain a number of key characteristics of the Caco-2 model, such as increased formation of tight junctions and alkaline phosphatase expression over the differentiation period and maintenance of barrier function. (lancs.ac.uk)
However, these cells exhibit differential oxidative metabolism, proliferate less and become larger during differentiation. (lancs.ac.uk)
Inflammatory parameters in Caco-2 cells: effect of stimuli nature, concentration, combination and cell differentiation, Toxicol In Vitro. (oroxcell.com)
The human leukemia cell line, THP-1: a multifaceted model for the study of monocyte-macrophage differentiation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Several major classes of molecules regulate cellular development and function, including growth and differentiation factors, cell adhesion molecules, and the components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). (corning.com)
The ECM is composed of a number of different macromolecules that influence such cell behaviors as adherence, spreading, differentiation, and migration. (corning.com)
Discover how these can be incorporated into your cell culture systems to support advanced cell growth and cell differentiation applications. (corning.com)
Cells at different stages of differentiation were transfected with DNA/DOTAP lipoplexes and later analysed for reporter gene activity. (monash.edu)
We have shown previously that treatments with aspirin and NS-398, a cyclo-oxygenase-2 selective inhibitor, affect proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of the human colon adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells. (elsevier.com)

Cell viability and proliferation were measured using Promegas CellTiter-Blue(®) Cell Viability assay, DAPI staining and impedance measurements. (biomedsearch.com)
The products were characterised with NMR, and evaluated in vitro in human colon cancer cell line Caco-2 by cell count, phase-contrast microscopy, MTT-assay, measurement of DNA content and cell cycle distribution. (ruc.dk)
During adhesion assay the cells are incubated with listeria for 30 min but in invasion assay the cell growth is arrested at several time points after infection to monitor the growth and survival rate of listeria in cells. (bio-protocol.org)
Adhesion assay is straight forward wherein the bacteria are incubated with Caco-2 cells for 30 min and the bacterial counts for mutants and WT strains are compared to observe any alteration in adhesion properties as a result of mutation. (bio-protocol.org)
Bacterial counts obtained at different time points during invasion assay give more information about the survival of listeria in the human cells and the comparison of these counts between mutants and WT strains gives information about the changes in the adaptation of listeria after mutation in human cells. (bio-protocol.org)
Genotoxicity of fecal water samples was measured using the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay ("comet" assay), and bacterial adhesion was measured using a well-established model system. (nus.edu.sg)
The relative bactericidal efficacy of these two intestinal cell lines to kill these bacteria was compared against neutrophils (PMN) using a standard in vitro bactericidal assay. (ovid.com)
Our Cell Permeability Screening Assay gives you quick, low-cost data for one or more compounds to better understand permeability properties of drug candidates. (xenotech.com)
We took a closer look at the exposure and fate of a chemical in the Caco-2 cell assay, including the effect of protein binding. (uu.nl)
For a chemical like chlorpromazine, which is hydrophobic in its neutral form, but in general also for more lipophilic compounds, the Caco-2 cell assay might not be straightforward, and a more detailed study into the fate and exposure of the test compound might be needed to arrive at meaningful data for transport and permeability. (uu.nl)
The correlation between the in vitro apparent permeability (P¬app) across Caco-2 monolayers and the in vivo fraction absorbed (fa) is well established.Transwell diagram Cell culture Drug development Pre-clinical development PAMPA - a non cell-based permeability assay Lea, Tor (2015). (wikipedia.org)

Whereas Semliki Forest virus infection only occurred when input virions had access to the basolateral domain of MDCK-1 or Caco-2 cells, RRV infected MDCK-1 and Caco-2 monolayers in a symmetric manner. (asm.org)
Transepithelial transport of oral cephalosporins by monolayers of intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2: specific transport systems in apical and basolateral membranes. (aspetjournals.org)
These findings suggest that p.o. cephalosporins accumulate in the Caco-2 cell monolayers via the H+/dipeptide cotransport system localized in the apical membranes and that a specific transport system is involved in the efflux of these antibiotics across the basolateral membranes. (aspetjournals.org)
Shigella flexneri enters human colonic Caco-2 epithelial cells through the basolateral pole. (asm.org)
This study is based on in vitro experiments that showed that the invasion of human colonic Caco-2 cells by Shigella flexneri occurred through the basolateral pole of these cells. (asm.org)
Both saquinavir and ritonavir showed polarized transport through Caco-2 cell monolayers in the basolateral to apical direction (secretory pathway), exceeding apical to basolateral transport (absorptive pathway) by factors of 50-70 and 15-25, respectively. (ovid.com)
Decrease of dipeptidyl peptidase IV cell surface expression was not restricted to this protein, since membrane expression of '525' antigen, a basolateral protein and of sucrase-isomaltase, an apically targeted hydrolase, which unlike dipeptidyl peptidase IV mainly follows a direct route to the brush border membrane, also decreases. (biologists.org)
Rates of delivery of EGE'-GPI to the two membrane domains in Caco-2 cells, as determined with a biotinylation protocol, revealed apical delivery was approximately 2.5 times that of basolateral. (biologists.org)
EGE' delivered to the basolateral cell surface was transcytosed to the apical surface. (biologists.org)
However, the mis-sorting of a proportion of EGE'GPI to the basolateral surface of Caco-2 cells provides an explanation for additional sorting signals in the ectodomain of some endogenous GPI-anchored proteins. (biologists.org)
1992 ). The post-synthetic sorting of endogenous membrane proteins examined by simultaneous purification of apical and basolateral membrane fractions from Caco-2 cells. (biologists.org)
1989 ). Basolateral secretion of kappa light chain in the polarised epithelial cell line, Caco-2. (biologists.org)
Immunoprecipitation of alpha-glucosidase from culture medium derived from either the apical or basolateral site of radiolabelled Caco-2 cells, showed that 70-80% of the total amount of precursor form present in the medium is secreted from the apical membrane. (uu.nl)
Furthermore, immunocytochemistry showed the presence of a precursor form of alpha-glucosidase on the apical, but not the basolateral, membrane of the Caco-2 cells. (uu.nl)
Endocytic pathways in polarized Caco-2 cells: identification of an endosomal compartment accessible from both apical and basolateral surfaces. (rupress.org)
Using a transferrin-peroxidase conjugate to delineate the morphological pathway, we have identified an early endocytic compartment in the basolateral cytoplasm of the cells. (rupress.org)
Using a second double labeling procedure in which antitransferrin receptor antibody complexed to gold was applied to the basolateral surface for up to 2 h and free peroxidase applied to the apical surface for shorter periods, we demonstrated that this apical marker rapidly (within 5 min) reached endosomes containing antibody-gold. (rupress.org)
Our results indicate that, in Caco-2 cells, the endocytic pathways from the apical and basolateral surfaces meet in an endosomal compartment from which transferrin can still be recycled. (rupress.org)
We studied the sorting and surface delivery of three apical and three basolateral proteins in the polarized epithelial cell line Caco-2, using pulse-chase radiolabeling and surface domain-selective biotinylation (Le Bivic, A., F. X. Real, and E. Rodriguez-Boulan. (rupress.org)
Thus, compared with two other well-characterized epithelial models, MDCK cells and the hepatocyte, Caco-2 cells have an intermediate sorting phenotype, with apical proteins using both direct and indirect pathways, and basolateral proteins using only direct pathways, during biogenesis. (rupress.org)
Results from cells dosed at 10 μM for 24 hours with AHBA, Roxarsone, or Acetarsone indicated 6%-29% permeation occurring from apical to basolateral side, modeling absorption across intestinal epithelium to the circulatory system. (scirp.org)
The aim of this work was to transfect genetic material encoding the peptide, human calcitonin (hCT) into Caco-2 cells (an intestinal epithelial cell model, Hidalgo et aL, 1989) and to examine secretion, in particular from the basolateral surface. (ucl.ac.uk)

Cell line: Caco-2 (Human colorectal adenocarcinoma). (abcam.com)
Caco-2 cells are derived from human adenocarcinoma colon cells and spontaneously differentiate when grown on porous polyethylene terephthalate membranes (PETP) in a 12 well format to form monolayers of polarized cells possessing function similar to intestinal enterocytes. (springer.com)
Growth inhibitory effects on human colon adenocarcinoma-derived Caco-2 cells and calcemic potential of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogs: structure-function relationships. (aspetjournals.org)
C-1, 16, 23, 26 and 27, were tested for their growth inhibitory and prodifferentiating potency in human colon adenocarcinoma-derived Caco-2 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
In vitro cytotoxic activity of Dendrophthoe falcata on human breast adenocarcinoma cells-MCF-7. (scialert.net)
Human colon adenocarcinoma cells, Caco-2 cells have been used extensively as a model for intestinal barrier (Angelis and Turco, 2011).The protocol described in this article explains the procedure to grow and maintain Caco-2 cells and then infect them to study adhesion and invasion properties of listerial species. (bio-protocol.org)
This protocol can also be used with minor changes for cells like HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells) and Tc7 cells (a subclone of the Caco-2 cell line have) which have also been used to study Listeria. (bio-protocol.org)
This study was conducted to investigate the free radicals scavenging activity and cytoprotective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum YS-1 Fermented Soy Milk (FSM-LPYS1) in Caco-2 human colon adenocarcinoma cells damaged by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )-induced oxidation. (alliedacademies.org)
The human adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 was used for studies on the biosynthesis and transport of lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase in polarized epithelial cells. (uu.nl)
The Caco-2 cell line is a continuous line of heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, developed by the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research through research conducted by Dr. Jorgen Fogh. (wikipedia.org)
Using electron spin resonance spectroscopy, we investigated the radical-generating properties of genotoxic NOC concentrations in human colon adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2). (oup.com)
The human adenocarcinoma cell line, Caco-2, is a model for intestinal absorption. (scirp.org)
Caco-2 is an immortalized cell line of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. (wikipedia.org)

1992 ). A survey of membrane peptidases in two human colonic cell lines, Caco-2 and HT-29. (biologists.org)

The intestinal absorption and metabolism characteristics of the potentially beneficial polyphenol rutin were studied by measuring the intracellular accumulation and transport of rutin into Caco-2 cells with the sensitive and reliable analytical method of HPLC-coupled tandem mass spectrometry. (hindawi.com)
As such, these cells represent a useful and well-accepted tool for metabolism and transport studies (absorption, permeability and/or secretion of drugs/chemicals across the intestinal mucosa). (abcam.com)
Extensive metabolism of the flavonoid chrysin by human Caco-2 and Hep G2 cells. (nih.gov)
In an effort better to understand factors that may affect the oral bioavailability of the bioflavonoids from dietary sources, the metabolism of chrysin by cultured intestinal Caco-2 cells and hepatic Hep G2 cells was studied, together modelling human presystemic metabolism. (nih.gov)
At 0.37 μM, DON enhanced Caco-2 cell metabolism, thereby triggering a moderate increase in cell proliferation. (mdpi.com)
In this work, we provide evidence that astrovirus RNA replication and virus assembly occur in contact with cell membranes potentially derived from multiple cell organelles and show that membrane-associated cellular proteins involved in lipid metabolism are required for efficient viral replication. (asm.org)
In this study, we used the in vitro Caco-2 model of human small intestinal epithelium to investigate the metabolism of the major dietary hydroxycinnamates (ferulate, sinapate, p-coumarate, and caffeate) and of diferulates. (unboundmedicine.com)
These results show that the in vitro model system differentiated Caco-2 cells have the capacity to metabolize dietary hydroxycinnamates, including various phase I (de-esterification) and phase II (glucuronidation, sulfation, and O-methylation) reactions, and suggests that the human small intestinal epithelium plays a role in the metabolism and bioavailability of these phenolic compounds. (unboundmedicine.com)
CYP3A-like cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism and polarized efflux of cyclosporin A in Caco-2 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
Thus, metabolism of CsA in the in vitro Caco-2 cell culture system was investigated. (aspetjournals.org)
In the present study we investigated the effects of pentagastrin and the gastrin receptor antagonists proglumide, benzotript and CR 2093 on the growth and polyamine metabolism of the human colon carcinoma cells Caco-2 which, after a phase of active replication, spontaneously differentiate into mature enterocytes. (elsevier.com)

abstract = "Background: human colon cancer cells have been found to express gastrin receptors and a role for gastrin in the growth of colon cancer has been postulated. (elsevier.com)

Using real-time cellular impedance measurements, we studied the effects exerted in vitro by low concentrations of DON (0.37-1.50 μM), relevant for mycotoxin-contaminated food, on the proliferation of undifferentiated Caco-2 cells presenting a tumorigenic phenotype. (mdpi.com)
The results of the current study suggested that low concentrations of DON commonly detected in food may either limit or sustain the proliferation of colon cancer cells, depending on their proliferation status and on DON concentration. (mdpi.com)
A relationship between cellular GSH concentration and proliferation has been demonstrated in several studies, wherein GSH precursors or increasing cellular GSH has been found to enhance cell proliferation ( 2 , 16 , 39 ). (physiology.org)
Intestinal epithelium is maintained by continual cell proliferation, with a turnover of the entire epithelial layer every 4-6 days in humans. (physiology.org)
Phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables may inhibit cell proliferation, protect against oxidative stress, influence cell-signaling pathways, and reduce inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
We conclude that micromolar levels of these benzenearsonates are adequate to stimulate Caco-2 cell proliferation. (scirp.org)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha increases epithelial barrier permeability by disrupting tight junctions in Caco-2 cells. (semanticscholar.org)
Caco-2 cells express tight junctions, microvilli, and a number of enzymes and transporters that are characteristic of such enterocytes: peptidases, esterases, P-glycoprotein, uptake transporters for amino acids, bile acids, carboxylic acids, etc. (wikipedia.org)

P-glycoprotein and multidrug-resistant proteins 2 and 3 were involved in the transmembrane transport and intracellular accumulation of rutin by Caco-2 cells. (hindawi.com)
Intracellular GSH levels are higher in actively proliferating cells ( 7 , 34 ) and decrease gradually during serum starvation as cells become quiescent ( 34 ). (physiology.org)
Enterocyte-like differentiated Caco-2 cells have extra- and intracellular esterases able to de-esterify hydroxycinnamate and diferulate esters. (unboundmedicine.com)
In addition, intracellular UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and sulfotransferases existing in Caco-2 cells are able to form the sulfate and the glucuronide conjugates of methyl ferulate, methyl sinapate, methyl caffeate, and methyl p-coumarate. (unboundmedicine.com)
Confocal laser scanning microscopy and immuno-electron microscopy studies demonstrate that, within 5 minutes of forskolin treatment, the cell surface proteins studied accumulate in intracellular vesicles which were co-labeled with a polyclonal antibody raised against Lamp-1, a lysosomal membrane marker. (biologists.org)
Listeria monocytogenes being a facultative intracellular bacterium can enter, survive and multiply in both phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells and this property of the bacterium has been extensively studied and understood. (bio-protocol.org)
Thus human intestinal cells are used as an in vitro medium to study adhesion and intracellular survival of Listeria monocytogenes . (bio-protocol.org)
These results clearly indicated that FSMLPYS1 had impressively scavenged free radicals and were able to reduce the H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative damage in Caco-2 cells by reducing the intracellular ROS generation, restraining lipid peroxidation, and by raising the endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity. (alliedacademies.org)
It was expected that information on the intracellular sorting of hCT by the Caco-2 cell model would give valuable insight into peptide processing by GI epithelial cells and have implications for the oral delivery of the peptide. (ucl.ac.uk)

Twenty-five strains of lactobacilli were tested for their ability to adhere to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells in culture. (nih.gov)
The inlAB operon was cloned and surface-expressed on L. casei resulting in a recombinant strain, LbcInl AB , and subsequently, its ability to inhibit adhesion, invasion and translocation of L. monocytogenes through enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells was examined. (up.ac.za)

Assessment of the ability of seaweed extracts to protect against hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide induced cellular damage in Caco-2 cells. (semanticscholar.org)

Using a trifunctional cross-linker, we were able to co-immunoprecipitate four protein species from the surface of Caco-2 cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Modulation of Cl-/OH- exchange activity in Caco-2 cells by nitric oxide. (biomedsearch.com)
Our results demonstrate that NO inhibits Cl-/OH- exchange activity in Caco-2 cells via cGMP-dependent protein kinases G (PKG) and C (PKC) signal-transduction pathways. (biomedsearch.com)
We conclude that cAMP induces GSTα and MRP2 expression and activity in Caco-2 cells via the PKA pathway, thus regulating detoxification of specific xenobiotics. (deepdyve.com)

The O-methylated derivatives, ferulic and isoferulic acid, were the only metabolites detected following incubation of Caco-2 cells with caffeic acid. (unboundmedicine.com)

GG reduced AFB 1 uptake and protected against both membrane and DNA damage in the Caco-2 model. (asm.org)
This study combined an in vitro digestion, a lactase treatment and the Caco-2 cell model to examine quercetin and quercetin glucoside uptake from shallot and apple homogenates. (biomedcentral.com)
Digestion increased the Caco-2 cell uptake of shallot quercetin-4'-glucoside by 2-fold when compared to the non-digested shallot. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, the uptake and hydrolysis of PNG were examined in Caco-2 human colon carcinoma cells, which express a functional LPH but exhibit no PNGH activity. (elsevier.com)
Results: pentagastrin markedly increased the rate of cell growth and the number of cells in S phase as well as ornithine decarboxylase activity and putrescine uptake. (elsevier.com)
Uptake of different crystal structures of TiO₂ nanoparticles by Caco-2 intestinal cells. (plymouth.ac.uk)
The gastrointestinal uptake of different crystal structures of TiO2 was investigated using Caco-2 intestinal cells. (plymouth.ac.uk)
1. The presence of inhibitors of drug efflux transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), in grapefruit juice (GFJ) was confirmed based on the uptake of [ 3 H]-vinblastine (VBL) by Caco-2 cells. (elsevier.com)
2. The uptake of [ 3 H]-VBL by Caco-2 cells was significantly increased by the ethyl acetate extract of GFJ as well as by cyclosporin A. The extract was separated on a Cosmosil column and the eluate with 60% methanol increased [ 3 H]-VBL uptake, while the activity to inhibit CYP3A4 was greatest in the 70 and 80% eluates. (elsevier.com)
Both ethyl acetate extract of GFJ and DHBG increased steady-state [ 3 H]-VBL uptake by LLC-GA5-COL300 cells. (elsevier.com)
Besides DHBG, other furanocoumarins contained in GFJ, such as bergamottin, FC726, bergaptol and bergapten, increased the steady-state uptake of [ 3 H]-VBL by Caco-2 cells. (elsevier.com)
The presence of inhibitors of drug efflux transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), in grapefruit juice (GFJ) was confirmed based on the uptake of [3H]-vinblastine (VBL) by Caco-2 cells. (elsevier.com)

The absorption of CS was investigated by its transport across Caco-2 cell monolayers using a high-performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS). The permeation of CS was concentration-dependent and reached the plateau at >6 mM. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Furthermore, the transport of EGC in ERCs 980 and ERCs 4600 across the Caco-2 cells was enhanced by the transferrin receptor 1 (TfR-1)-mediated absorption pathway, demonstrating that chitosan molecules with low molecular weights of 980 and 4600 Da were beneficial to the absorption of EGC based on the ferritin cage. (rsc.org)
Caco-2 cell metallothionein (MT) formation was studied to determine if MT could be used as a proxy for zinc (Zn) absorption in a cell culture model. (rsc.org)
To evaluate and optimize the use of Caco-2 cell monolayers to predict the in vivo absorption of a broad range of compounds in man. (springer.com)
These data suggest that Caco-2 cells developed under the culturing and transport conditions defined herein can be used to predict in vivo human absorption of compounds regardless of transport mechanism, viz. (springer.com)
Thus, Caco-2 cells serve as an excellent model to dissect the relative roles played by p-glycoprotein-mediated efflux and CYP3A-catalyzed oxidation in modulating the overall absorption of CsA and other such compounds. (aspetjournals.org)
The human colon carcinoma cell line, Caco-2, is widely used as a model for oral absorption of xenobiotics. (aspetjournals.org)
First, considering that poor pharmacokinetic properties accounted for ~40% of drug failures in development in the early 1990s and only ~10% by 2009, an interval in which Caco-2 monolayers were widely used throughout the pharmaceutical industry to predict absorption, it is not unreasonable to attribute some of that shift to this simple yet powerful model. (wikipedia.org)

Martín, "Procyanidin B2 and a cocoa polyphenolic extract inhibit acrylamide-induced apoptosis in human Caco-2 cells by preventing oxidative stress and activation of JNK pathway," Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry , vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1186-1194, 2011. (hindawi.com)
Hispolon induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway," Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 60-72, 2008. (hindawi.com)
1. tried to stave to induce apoptosis but they survived for more days than Caco-2, 2. (protocol-online.org)
Cells undergoing apoptosis are further oxidized to between −170 mV and −165 mV ( 7 , 17 ). (physiology.org)
2010) there has also been described the antitumor effect of this drug, inhibits the endothelial growth and angiogenesis in models of breast cancer, and induces apoptosis in the cell cycle in colorectal cancer cells (Aires et al. (thefreelibrary.com)
Both the sulfide and sulfone metabolites of sulindac reduced cell viability, measured by colony-forming assays, primarily by inducing apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
Expression of an activated K- ras oncogene caused cells treated with either sulindac sulfide or sulfone to undergo apoptosis earlier than nontransfected controls. (aacrjournals.org)
The DFMO-dependent decrease in colony formation in K- ras -activated cells occurred in the absence of apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
These data indicate that K- ras can influence the kinetics of apoptosis induction by sulindac metabolites and cell survival in response to DFMO. (aacrjournals.org)
By associating gene expression patterns with ROS formation, several cellular processes responding to nitrosamine exposure were identified, including apoptosis, cell cycle blockage, DNA repair, and oxidative stress. (oup.com)
The migration was investigated by the transwell, and the apoptosis and cell cycle were assayed by the flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
HCMV-Mediated Interference of Bortezomib-Induced Apoptosis in Colon Carcinoma Cell Line Caco-2. (bvsalud.org)
HCMV has an anti-apoptotic effect on Caco-2 cells by inhibiting very early events of the apoptosis cascade. (bvsalud.org)
Numerous studies demonstrate that the chemopreventive effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on colon cancer is mediated through inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis. (elsevier.com)

The methods were used for the detection of the compounds in in vitro biological samples, obtained with human intestinal Caco-2 cells culture experiments. (ugent.be)
Materials and methods: Caco-2 cells were cultured in the presence of either TO901317, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonist guggulsterone or TO901317 together with guggulsterone at different concentrations for 24 hrs. (lu.se)
Methods: cells were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum or in serum- free medium containing pentagastrin and/or proglumide, benzotript or CR 2093. (elsevier.com)
Methods and results: In the new protocol, Caco-2 cells were cultured with the classical Caco-2 medium supplemented with puromycin. (archives-ouvertes.fr)

we recently bought Caco-2 cell line. (protocol-online.org)
Hybridoma cell line has a doubling time of just 24hrs is growing fast and soon will replace Caco-2 cells. (protocol-online.org)
iam really fixed, can any one help me out to separate these cells so that i can save Caco-2 cell line. (protocol-online.org)
Sambuy Y, De Angelis I, Ranaldi G et al (2005) The Caco-2 cell line as a model of the intestinal barrier: influence of cell and culture-related factors on Caco-2 cell functional characteristics. (springer.com)
Cytotoxicity of peptide-coated silver nanoparticles on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2. (biomedsearch.com)
In order to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles on human intestinal cells, we used the Caco-2 cell line and peptide-coated silver nanoparticles with defined colloidal, structural and interfacial properties. (biomedsearch.com)
The accumulation and the transepithelial transport of p.o. cephalosporins by monolayers of human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 grown on microporous membrane filters were evaluated. (aspetjournals.org)
1984 ). Development of cell surface polarity in the epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line. (biologists.org)
TNFα regulates sugar transporters in the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2. (semanticscholar.org)
In this study, we investigated the effect of adapting the Caco-2 cell line to routine culturing in a physiological oxygen (5%) environment. (lancs.ac.uk)
The effect of myrrh on claudin-2 expression in this cell line was mediated via inhibition of the STAT6 pathway. (springermedizin.de)
The enterocyte-like cell line Caco-2 forms a polarized epithelium when grown on filters. (rupress.org)
Biogenetic pathways of plasma membrane proteins in Caco-2, a human intestinal epithelial cell line. (rupress.org)
Additionally, the mechanisms involved in the killing of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus by the Caco-2 and IEC-18 cells appear similar to the PMNs to the extent that bactericidal activity appeared to be oxidant-mediated but not nitric oxide-mediated in both the Caco-2 cell line and in the neutrophils. (ovid.com)
Caco-2 / TC7 cell clone was isolated from a late passage of the parental Caco-2 line and has shown to consist of a more homogeneous population with respect to the most representative functions of the small intestinal enterocytes with more developed intercellular junctions. (oroxcell.com)
Binding of Clostridium difficile to Caco-2 epithelial cell line and to extracellular matrix proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In this study, the authors used DNA microarray to compare and identify genes induced by HER2 in mammary epithelial cell line with ectopic HER2 overexpression and breast cancer cell lines derived from patients with different level of HER2 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
We have previously reported that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) strongly inhibits the in vitro phenol sulfo-transferase (P-ST) activity of a human colon carcinoma cell line, Caco-2. (elsevier.com)
Isozaki, T & Tamura, HO 2001, ' Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhibits the sulfation of 1-naphthol in a human colon carcinoma cell line, Caco-2 ', Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin , 巻. (elsevier.com)
We report here the construction of an adenoviral vector that has the capability to be transported across polarized epithelial monolayers of Caco-2 cells (a colon carcinoma cell line) by transcytosis. (elsevier.com)
We show by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry that the colon carcinoma cell line Caco-2 is susceptible to HCMV infection . (bvsalud.org)
However, rat calcitonin (rCT) secretion from the rat medullary thyroid carcinoma cell line, rMTC 6-23 could not be detected by immunoprecipitation using the same method. (ucl.ac.uk)

With respect to the peak response elicited at 10(-8) M, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-16-ene-vitamin D3, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-23-yne-vitamin D3 and 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-16,23Z-diene-vitamin D3 suppressed [3H]thymidine incorporation in confluent Caco-2 cells less than 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3. (aspetjournals.org)
Caco-2 cells were grown as confluent monolayers on transmembrane filters for 21 days prior to all studies. (asm.org)
Confluent epithelial layers of human Caco-2 cells mimicking the intestinal barrier. (ovid.com)
The 8-days post-confluent Caco-2 cells were treated with ZON or a mixture of ZON and imazalil (IMA). (ugent.be)
Confluent Caco-2 cells grown on collagen-coated Transwell plates were dosed on the apical side. (scirp.org)

We demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy that listeriolysin O (LLO), phospholipases and other putative virulence-related proteins produced by Listeria monocytogenes were primarily cell-wall-associated when the bacterium infected Caco-2 tissue culture cell monolayers. (nih.gov)
Antibodies made to LLO, serogroup 1/2a reacted poorly with serogroup 4b cells and vice-versa, indicating fundamental structural differences in the two proteins. (nih.gov)
The cellular proteins associated with this membrane population in infected and mock-infected cells were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. (asm.org)
Gene ontology and protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that groups of proteins with roles in fatty acid synthesis and ATP biosynthesis were highly enriched in the fractions of this population in infected cells. (asm.org)
In both cases, bacterium-cell interaction was followed by rearrangement of the major brush border-associated cytoskeletal proteins F-actin, villin, and fimbrin, proteins which play a pivotal role in brush border assembly. (asm.org)
1989 ). Mechanisms of membrane anchoring affects polarized expression of two proteins in MDCK cells. (biologists.org)
1986 ). Anchoring of membrane proteins via phosphatidylinositol is deficient in two classes of Thy-1 negative mutant lymphoma cells. (biologists.org)
Regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) by fatty acid flux was investigated in CaCo-2 cells. (biochemj.org)
The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on intestinal epithelial cell permeability and the expression of tight junction proteins. (semanticscholar.org)
Isolation and characterization of proteins involved in the routing of transport vesicles in polarized cells. (ru.nl)
We conclude that alpha-glucosidase is, unlike all other secretory proteins studied so far, secreted preferentially from the apical membrane of Caco-2 cells. (uu.nl)
Taken together, our data support the view that CM increases the permeability of Caco-2 monolayers by activating NF-κB and initiating a chain of events that ultimately leads to PARP activation and decreased expression of the tight junction proteins, ZO-1 and occludin. (biomedcentral.com)
Using ECM proteins as a coating for tissue culture surfaces permits the development of cell type-specific model systems that closely mimic in vivo conditions. (corning.com)
Exposure of 1 or 10 µg/mL AgNPs to Caco-2 cells resulted in 56 and 88 altered proteins at 24 h and 72 h respectively, by 2D gel-based technique. (europa.eu)

Seven Lactobacillus strains adhered well to the Caco-2 cells, of which three possessed calcium-independent adhesion properties. (nih.gov)
A high level of calcium-independent adhesion was observed with the human stool isolate Lactobacillus acidophilus strain LB. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that this strain adhered to the apical brush border of the cells. (nih.gov)
The protocol in this articles describes the procedures to grow Caco-2 cells, maintain cells and use them for adhesion and invasion assays. (bio-protocol.org)
Leukotriene D(4)-induced adhesion of Caco-2 cells is mediated by prostaglandin E(2) and upregulation of alpha2beta1-integrin. (lu.se)
We determined whether human fecal water samples, of varying genotoxic potential, had the capacity to alter adhesion of intestinal bacteria to intestinal (Caco-2) cells. (nus.edu.sg)
Fecal water genotoxicity was found to correlate positively with inhibition of adhesion of Escherichia coli strains, Salmonella species, and Enterococcus faecium to Caco-2 cells. (nus.edu.sg)
Inhibition of adhesion by fecal water was not due to cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells as cytotoxicities of most fecal water samples were similar, nor was the inhibitory effect due to bacteriotoxicity as toxicity of fecal waters in the 10 strains of bacteria studied was not detected. (nus.edu.sg)
Results indicate that components in fecal water may alter adhesion of intestinal bacteria to intestinal cell surfaces and that this effect may be correlated to the genotoxic potential of fecal water. (nus.edu.sg)
The adhesion of Bacillus cereus spores to epithelial cells might be an additional virulence mechanism. (microbiologyresearch.org)
by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus casei Shirota from adhesion on human intestinal mucus glycoproteins and Caco-2 cell surfaces were studied. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Under the conditions of this in vitro model, Caco-2 cell monolayers are not useful for evaluating the Zn availability from foods . (rsc.org)
TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of metabolites of hydroxycinnamates in the in vitro model of human small intestinal epithelium caco-2 cells. (unboundmedicine.com)
Alterations in the intestinal assimilation of oxidized PUFAs are ameliorated by a polyphenol-rich grape seed extract in an in vitro model and Caco-2 cells. (semanticscholar.org)
Combining the digestion, the lactase treatment and the Caco-2 cell culture model may provide a reliable in vitro model for examining flavonoid glucoside bioavailability from foods. (biomedcentral.com)
The present study was designed as a comparative proteomic analysis of Caco-2 cells, used as an in vitro model of the small intestine, exposed to 30 nm citrate stabilized-silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for 24 or 72 h. (europa.eu)
As an in-vitro model of human intestinal epithelial membrane, Caco-2 cells were utilized to evaluate the transepithelial transport characteristics of this hydrophilic macromolecular compound. (uab.edu)

Caco-2 cells possess many of the properties of the small intestine. (abcam.com)
When rotavirus infects the mature villus tip cells of the small intestine, it encounters a highly polarized epithelium. (asm.org)
Although derived from a colon ( large intestine ) carcinoma , when cultured under specific conditions the cells become differentiated and polarized such that their phenotype , morphologically and functionally, resembles the enterocytes lining the small intestine . (wikipedia.org)

These results suggest that a specific transport system mediates rutin movement across the apical membrane in Caco-2 cells and that metabolic enzymes are important for this process. (hindawi.com)
Cookson and Nataro ( 10 ) observed that attachment of Afa/Dr DAEC onto epithelial Hep-2 cells is followed by induction of a long thin membrane extending from the cell surface. (asm.org)
In addition, these cells were more sensitive to cannabidiol-induced antiproliferative actions through changes in cellular energetics: from a drop of oxygen consumption rate and loss of mitochondrial membrane integrity in cells treated under atmospheric conditions to an increase in reactive oxygen species in intact mitochondria in cells treated under low-oxygen conditions. (lancs.ac.uk)
The hallmark of metastatic cells is their ability to invade through the basement membrane and migrate to other parts of the body. (corning.com)
From cell culture reagents such as Matrigel high concentration to membrane insert systems, like Falcon® permeable supports , discover how Corning cell culture products can help you gain greater insights into tumor cell growth, morphology, and migration. (corning.com)
Caco-2 cells were cultured on semi-permeable membrane filters into differentiated polarised monolayers. (monash.edu)

Ingestion is one of the major NP exposure routes, and potential effects are often studied using Caco-2 cells, a well-established model for the gut epithelium. (unboundmedicine.com)
The effect of cAMP on expression and activity of GST and MRP2 was evaluated in Caco-2 cells, a model of intestinal epithelium. (deepdyve.com)
These data suggest the potential clinical benefit under conditions where drug delivery is a challenge, such as within the airway epithelium, at the bladder lumen urothelial cell interface, and across the blood-brain barrier for clinical treatment of lung, urogenital, and brain disorders, respectively, by adenoviral transcytosis of transgene delivery. (elsevier.com)
We investigated whether differentiated Caco-2 cell filter-cultures would make a more suitable model for studying gene transfer to an epithelium. (monash.edu)
Differentiated Caco-2 cells are a more appropriate model for gene-transfer studies to the intestinal epithelium because they demonstrate a resistance to transfection similar to that observed in vivo. (monash.edu)

However, it is unknown via which cellular pathways CjeCas9 drives human intestinal epithelial cells into cell death. (eur.nl)
Specifically, our results reveal that CjeCas9 activates DNA damage (p53, ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Protein)), pro-inflammatory (NF-κB (Nuclear factor-κB)) signaling and cell death pathways, driving Caco-2 cells infected by wild-type C. jejuni, but not when infected by a cas9 deletion mutant, towards programmed cell death. (eur.nl)
Heat shock stress ameliorates cytokine mixture-induced permeability by downregulating the nitric oxide and signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways in Caco-2 cells. (semanticscholar.org)
Nuclear hormone receptors regulate diverse metabolic pathways and the orphan nuclear receptor LRH-1 (also known as NR5A2) regulates bile acid biosynthesis 1 , 2 . (nature.com)

In order to understand this virus-cell interaction more completely, we utilized a cell culture-adapted rhesus rotavirus (RRV) to infect human intestinal (Caco-2) and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK-1) polarized epithelial cells grown on a permeable support. (asm.org)
Rotavirus infection on filter-grown Caco-2 cells caused a transmembrane leak at 18 h postinfection, before the development of the cytopathic effect (CPE) and extensive virus release. (asm.org)

Here, we describe the establishment of a high-throughput screening (HTS) platform based on AlphaLISA and electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) technology for the identification of anti-inflammatory and barrier-protective compounds in human enterocytes after pepsin-trypsin-digested gliadin (PT-gliadin) treatment. (gallusimmunotech.com)

It is likely that the strong persistence of the aluminium hydroxide layer surrounding these nanoparticles protects the cells from a direct contact with the potentially phototoxic TiO2 core. (duke.edu)

Exposure of proliferating Caco-2 cells to silver nanoparticle induced decreasing adherence capacity and cytotoxicity, whereby the formation of reactive oxygen species could be the mode of action. (biomedsearch.com)
In the present study, we aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the cellular molecular responses in Caco-2 and MCF-7 cells after AgNP exposure in order to evaluate whether epithelial cells derived from different tissues demonstrated similar responses. (unboundmedicine.com)
Transcriptomic analysis showed that Ag(NP) exposure caused (oxidative) stress responses, possibly leading to cell death in both cell lines. (unboundmedicine.com)
A genetically modified CaCo-2 variant with reduced levels of HIF-1β, showed reduced transepithelial leak in response to cobalt exposure, further indicating that elevation of HIF-1α levels induced by agents of "chemical hypoxia" is responsible for the compromised barrier function of the CaCo-2 BBe cell layers. (springermedizin.de)
Additional file 1: Representative western immunoblot probed for Claudin-5, showing effect of cobalt exposure of CACO-2 cell layers. (springermedizin.de)
Additional file 3: Representative western immunoblot probed for HIF-1a, showing effect of cobalt exposure of CACO-2 cell layers. (springermedizin.de)
Additional file 5: Representative western immunoblot probed for Occludin, showing effect of cobalt exposure of CACO-2 cell layers. (springermedizin.de)
Furthermore, pre-exposure of Caco-2 cells to LbcInl AB significantly reduced L. monocytogenes-induced cell cytotoxicity and epithelial barrier dysfunction. (up.ac.za)
N-methyl-N-nitrosourea exposure resulted in a small ROS signal, and formation of nitrogen-centered radicals (NCRs), also stimulated by Caco-2 cells. (oup.com)
These findings suggest that following NOC exposure in Caco-2 cells, ROS formation plays an important role in deregulation of gene expression patterns that may be relevant for the process of chemical carcinogenesis in the human colon, in addition to the role of DNA alkylation. (oup.com)
Moreover gene expression analysis using pangenomic oligomicroarrays (4x 44000 genes) did not show any change versus unexposed cells after exposure to 10 μg/ mL, which is much higher than potential environmental concentrations. (duke.edu)
Stem cells are required for the regeneration process, and can be eradicated by exposure to radiation. (omicsdi.org)
Exposure to 0.05 mM NE, but not to higher concentrations, also resulted in significantly more spirochaete cells entering capillary tubes containing 4% porcine gastric mucin than occurred with untreated cultures. (edu.au)
Flow cytometry cell cycle analysis confirmed accumulation in S phase from 21% (control) to 36% (24 hour exposure to 10 μM AHBA). (scirp.org)

1 : 5, cellular MT concentrations were no different to untreated cells. (rsc.org)
When a combined in vitro digestion/cell model was used, the cellular MT concentrations in white or red beans and fish samples were no different to the cell baseline. (rsc.org)
Since positive-sense RNA viruses have frequently been found to replicate in association with membranous structures, in this work we characterized the replication of the human astrovirus serotype 8 strain Yuc8 in Caco-2 cells, using density gradient centrifugation and free-flow zonal electrophoresis (FFZE) to fractionate cellular membranes. (asm.org)
ORF1a is translated into nsp1a, a nonstructural polyprotein precursor that is subsequently processed by viral and cellular proteases ( 2 ). (asm.org)
Glutathione (GSH) is the major low molecular weight thiol in cells and plays a central role in controlling cellular thiol/disulfide redox state, which is essential for normal redox signaling ( 19 ). (physiology.org)
1 Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cellular Signalling, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands. (nih.gov)
All compounds tested showed cytostatic effect in Caco-2 cells, but each compound had a distinct cellular effect. (ruc.dk)
67 ) were first to report that adherence of DAEC induced elongated cellular projections in epithelial HeLa cells. (asm.org)
Studies were conducted using Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells to evaluate cellular damage caused by exposing cells for 30 min to oleic acid hydroperoxides (OAHPx) at concentrations varying from 0 to 25 microM. (semanticscholar.org)
Cancer cells exhibit altered cellular functions compared to the normal functioning, non-malignant cells from which they are derived. (corning.com)
As hypothesized, the treatment identified to change the cellular metabolomic pattern most readily, was also found to cause the greatest effect in the cells, although the response was pro-inflammatory rather than anti-inflammatory, it proves that changes in cellular metabolic patterns are useful predictors of bioactivity. (frontiersin.org)
This was found to be 0.32 ± 0.03 ng rCT.mg-1 total cellular protein medium and 0.10 ± 0.01 ng rCT.mg-1 total cell protein for cell lysates. (ucl.ac.uk)
Analysis of the proteomes showed several major biological processes altered, from which, cell cycle, cell morphology, cellular function and maintenance were the most affected. (europa.eu)
To evaluate the immunomodulatory properties of F. prausnitzii we analyzed the anti-inflammatory effects of F. prausnitzii in both in vitro (cellular models) and in vivo [2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced] colitis in mice. (pnas.org)

To test the hypothesis that intestinal epithelial cells possess bactericidal capabilities, the bactericidal activity of two intestinal cell lines (IEC-18 and Caco-2) was measured using Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli as test organisms. (ovid.com)

Curcumin attenuates acrylamide-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in HepG2 cells by ROS scavenging," Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , vol. 56, no. 24, pp. 12059-12063, 2008. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, in order to assess a possible effect of the mucus layer in vitro, a cytotoxicity comparison between a monoculture (Caco-2 cells) and a co-culture (Caco-2 and HT29-MTX mucus-secreting cells) model has been performed with selected B. cereus supernatants. (mdpi.com)

Vitamin D-inducible calcium transport and gene expression in three Caco-2 cell lines. (biomedsearch.com)
Rosiglitazone Role in the Expression of KLF6 Caco-2 Colon Cancer Cells/Rol de Rosiglitazona en la Expresion de KLF6 en Celulas Caco-2 de Cancer de Colon. (thefreelibrary.com)
2005). Furthermore, studies on the expression of SV1 in Prostate Cancer lines found lowered expressions of p21 and increased cell growth (Narla et al. (thefreelibrary.com)
Compared with MCF-7 cells, Caco-2 cells showed a higher sensitivity to AgNPs, slower gene expression kinetics and absence of NP size-dependent responses. (unboundmedicine.com)
To study Rab21 protein expression in Caco-2 cells, polyclonal antibodies were raised against GST-Rab21 fusion protein and characterised. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining on human jejunal tissue showed a predominant expression of Rab21 in the epithelial cell layer with high expression levels in the apical region, whereas stem cells in the crypts were negative. (nih.gov)
In the present work we have explored the possibility that post-translational events may interfere with this process by investigating the short term effects of a potent adenylyl cyclase activator, forskolin, on cell surface expression of dipeptidyl peptidase IV. (biologists.org)
Domain specific biochemical experiments demonstrate that cell surface expression of neosynthesized dipeptidyl peptidase IV rapidly decreases after a 1 hour forskolin treatment. (biologists.org)
We report that treatment of Caco-2 cells with 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , beginning at confluence, results in a dose- and duration-dependent increase in CYP3A4 mRNA and protein, with little apparent effect on the expression of CYP3A5 or CYP3A7. (aspetjournals.org)
1992 ). Expression and polarized apical secretion in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells of a recombinant soluble form of neutral endopeptidase lacking the cytosolic and transmembrane domains. (biologists.org)
Cells incubated with the cAMP permeable analog dibutyryl cyclic AMP (db-cAMP: 1,10,100μM) for 48h exhibited a dose-response increase in GST class α and MRP2 protein expression. (deepdyve.com)
Consistent with increased expression of GSTα and MRP2, db-cAMP enhanced their activities, as well as cytoprotection against the common substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. (deepdyve.com)
SREBP-2 gene or mature protein expression was not altered. (biochemj.org)
Liver X receptor (LXR) activation by T0901317 increased gene expression of SREBP-1c, SREBP-1a, FAS and acetyl-CoA carboxylase without altering SREBP-2. (biochemj.org)
Although only 18:2, 20:4, 20:5 and 22:6 suppressed SREBP-1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and FAS expression, all fatty acids decreased the rate of fatty acid synthesis. (biochemj.org)
In CaCo-2 cells, polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease gene and protein expression of SREBP-1 and FAS mRNA, probably through interference with LXR activity. (biochemj.org)
Mechanism of TNF-{alpha} modulation of Caco-2 intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier: role of myosin light-chain kinase protein expression. (semanticscholar.org)
The TNFα effect was associated with a redistribution of the sealing TJ protein claudin-1, an increase in the expression of claudin-2 and a change in TJ ultrastructure. (springermedizin.de)
Cell surface expression of InlAB on the LbcInl AB was confirmed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. (up.ac.za)
Because it was previously demonstrated that nitrosamines and nitrosamides, representing two classes of NOC, induce distinct gene expression effects in colon cells that are particularly related to oxidative stress, we hypothesized that different radical mechanisms are involved. (oup.com)
In the present study we further investigated regulation of apoM expression in Caco-2 cells stimulated by a liver X receptor (LXR) agonist, TO901317. (lu.se)
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that LXR agonist TO901317 induced apoM expression in Caco-2 cells might be mediated via the LXR/FXR pathway. (lu.se)
Each array represents a measurement of human mRNA from cultured intestinal epithelial cells (red channel), relative to the control reference pool of mRNA (green channel), at different time points during the course of an infection by Listeria monocytogenes, or the mutants actA (defective in actin-based motility) and prfA (defective in virulence factor gene expression). (omicsdi.org)
Caco-2 cells with a high expression of both HER2 and FASN were selected for functional characterization. (biomedcentral.com)
Caco-2 cells were transfected with either the FASN specific RNAi plasmid or the negative control RNAi plasmid, followed by the RT-qPCR and western blot to examine the expression of FASN, HER2, PI3K and Akt. (biomedcentral.com)
However, in cancer cells and pre-neoplastic lesions, FASN expression has been frequently found to be upregulated. (biomedcentral.com)
PI3K activity was thought to be the mediator of the HER2 control on FASN expression because LY294002, a known PI3K inhibitor, abrogated HER2 induced FASN protein production in the HER2 overexpressing normal mammary epithelial and breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
It also influences the pattern of gene expression of the cells in which it is in contact. (corning.com)
Finally, siRNA-mediated functional knock down of HNF4α repressed TRPC1 gene expression in cell culture experiments. (diabetesjournals.org)
Furthermore, aspirin treatment is associated with an increase in bcl-2 expression, which persists in the presence of the anticancer drugs. (elsevier.com)
All mammalian expression constructs were also transfected into COS cells. (ucl.ac.uk)
Results are discussed in relation to calcitonin gene expression and suggestions are made as to how one might proceed with the project by examination of gene transcription and subsequent expression of hCT or its precursors in Caco-2 cells. (ucl.ac.uk)
We had previously found that carnosine augmented the expression of BDNF in human colorectal cancer cells, thus we became interested in cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), which is a dominant regulator of BDNF transcription. (elsevier.com)

Human intestinal epithelial cells have been used to study how listeria crosses the intestinal barrier and cause infection. (bio-protocol.org)
Transepithelial electrical resistance and transepithelial diffusion of 14 C-D-mannitol and other radiolabeled probes are used as indicators of transepithelial barrier function of CaCo-2 BBe human gastrointestinal epithelial cell layers cultured on permeable supports. (springermedizin.de)
In HT-29/B6 cells, myrrh had no effect on barrier properties under basic conditions, but protected against barrier damage induced by TNFα, as indicated by a decrease in TER and an increase in fluorescein permeability. (springermedizin.de)
This study shows for the first time that myrrh exerts barrier-stabilising and TNFα-antagonising effects in human intestinal epithelial cell models via inhibition of PI3K and STAT6 signalling. (springermedizin.de)
Ikenouchi J et al (2005) Tricellulin constitutes a novel barrier at tricellular contacts of epithelial cells. (springermedizin.de)

A 1.5 μM concentration of DON maintained cell adherence of non-proliferating Caco-2 cells, whilst arresting the growth of actively proliferating cells compared with control Caco-2 cells in vitro . (mdpi.com)
Previously, we showed that infecting human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) with rotavirus (RV) increases the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) with an immunomodulatory function that, upon concentration at 100,000×g, present buoyant densities on a sucrose gradient of between 1.10 to 1.18 g/ml (characteristic of exosomes) and higher than 1.24 g/ml (proposed for apoptotic bodies). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Cobalt, an inhibitor of the prolyl hydroxylase enzymes governing HIF-1α breakdown in the cell, induces transepithelial leakiness in CaCo-2 BBe cell layers in a time and concentration-dependent manner. (springermedizin.de)
The initial cell seeding density was increased two times compared to the traditional procedure and the presence of a low concentration of puromycin in the culture medium reduced the Caco-2 permeability of mannitol. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) of cell medium and cell lysates subjected to concentration on a Sep-Pak Cig cartridge confirmed secretion of rCT by 6-23 cells. (ucl.ac.uk)

We have developed a LCMS metabolomic workflow to investigate metabolic patterns from human intestinal cells treated with simulated gastrointestinal-digested hydrolyzed crab waste materials. (frontiersin.org)

These findings strongly indicate that CS, a caffeic acid analogue bearing sophorose moiety, can be transported across Caco-2 cell monolayers via the MCT pathway. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In Caco-2 cells, myrrh induced an increase in transepithelial resistance (TER) which was associated with downregulation of the channel-forming tight junction (TJ) protein claudin-2 via inhibition of the PI3 kinase signalling pathway. (springermedizin.de)

In culture, Caco-2 cells spontaneously differentiate into a heterogeneous mixture of intestinal epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)

Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cornell University Medical College, New York 10021. (rupress.org)
Cell Biology and Toxicology. (wikipedia.org)

2. At concentrations that may be achieved in the diet, chrysin was extensively metabolized to two conjugated metabolites, M1 and M2, with no CYP-mediated oxidation. (nih.gov)
We evaluated the effects of the major sulfide and sulfone metabolites of sulindac and DFMO alone, or in combinations, on the growth and survival of Caco-2 colon cancer-derived cells and in clones of these cells transfected with an activated K- ras oncogene. (aacrjournals.org)
However, clonogenic survival, measured 2 weeks after drug treatment, was the same in both Caco-2 and ras -transfected Caco-2 cells treated with sulindac metabolites. (aacrjournals.org)
Formation of several metabolites was observed during the course of CsA transport across Caco-2 cell monolayers. (aspetjournals.org)
However, formation of only the M-17 metabolite suggests that the isozyme present in the Caco-2 cells is distinct from CYP3A4, which also catalyzes the formation of significant quantities of the metabolites 9gamma-hydroxy cyclosporin A (M-1) and 4N-desmethyl cyclosporin A (M-21) from CsA. (aspetjournals.org)

CONCLUSIONS: TiO2 STNPs, degraded or not, are not harmful to Caco-2 cells and are unlikely to penetrate the body via oral route. (duke.edu)

Less-differentiated cell layers were significantly more affected than well-differentiated cell layers regarding induced transepithelial leak. (springermedizin.de)
Over the years, the characteristics of the cells used in different laboratories around the world have diverged significantly, which makes it difficult to compare results across labs. (wikipedia.org)
The addition of the antioxidant, superoxide dismutase, significantly reversed the bactericidal activity of both Caco-2 cells and neutrophils for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, while catalase had no effect. (ovid.com)
Adherence to Caco-2 cells was significantly reduced when C. difficile spores were treated with trypsin. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Sonication of C. difficile spores altered the ultrastructure of the outermost exosporium-like structure, releasing two protein species of ~40 kDa and significantly reduced spore hydrophobicity and adherence to Caco-2 cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell stimulation by F. prausnitzii led to significantly lower IL-12 and IFN-γ production levels and higher secretion of IL-10. (pnas.org)

2016. "Screening of Cytotoxic B. cereus on Differentiated Caco-2 Cells and in Co-Culture with Mucus-Secreting (HT29-MTX) Cells. (mdpi.com)

Immunogold labelling of Listeria monocytogenes virulence-related factors within Caco-2 cells. (nih.gov)
Finally, comet-tail pseudopod structures shown to be involved in cell-to-cell passage of Listeria in Caco-2 cells did not possess detectable Listeria antigens on their anterior surface or within their structure, suggesting that the phagocytic process is primarily host-cell-dependent once it is initiated by the bacterial cell. (nih.gov)
Several cancerous cell lines like cervical, liver, dendritic, intestinal and macrophages have been used to study in vitro propagation and survival of listeria in human cells. (bio-protocol.org)

Lipid hydroperoxide induced oxidative stress damage and antioxidant enzyme response in Caco-2 human colon cells. (semanticscholar.org)

A downregulation of FASN effectively inhibits the activity of "HER2-PI3K/Akt axis" and alters the malignant phenotype in colorectal cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy12

Organisms7

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes25

Information Science3

Health Care3

Geographicals2

Cell surface-associated lipoteichoic acid acts as an adhesion factor for attachment of Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells. (1/3466)

Cytochrome P-450 1A1 expression in human small bowel: interindividual variation and inhibition by ketoconazole. (2/3466)

CREB-binding [corrected] protein interacts with the homeodomain protein Cdx2 and enhances transcriptional activity. (3/3466)

Regulation of the human apolipoprotein AIV gene expression in transgenic mice. (4/3466)

Epidermal growth factor regulates fatty acid uptake and metabolism in Caco-2 cells. (5/3466)

The isoflavone genistein inhibits internalization of enteric bacteria by cultured Caco-2 and HT-29 enterocytes. (6/3466)

Transport of rhodamine 123, a P-glycoprotein substrate, across rat intestine and Caco-2 cell monolayers in the presence of cytochrome P-450 3A-related compounds. (7/3466)

Interactions of a nonpeptidic drug, valacyclovir, with the human intestinal peptide transporter (hPEPT1) expressed in a mammalian cell line. (8/3466)

Calcium Carbonate

Caco-2 Cells

Haptophyta

Pinctada

Lithostathine

Isopoda

Calcification, Physiologic

Intestinal Mucosa

Carbonates

Svalbard

Colonic Neoplasms

HT29 Cells

Oceans and Seas

Antigens, CD98

Intestines

Seawater

Flounder

Antacids

Cephalexin

Symporters

Anthozoa

Calcium, Dietary

Atmosphere

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Phosphorus

Invertebrates

Calcium

Plankton

Intestinal Absorption

Carbon Dioxide

Parathyroid Hormone

Bicarbonates

Biological Availability

Phosphates

Colon

Polyamines

Epithelial Cells

Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary

Hypercalcemia

Tumor Cells, Cultured

Geologic Sediments

Crystallization

Cell Polarity

Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Molecular Sequence Data

Jejunum

Biological Transport

Alkaline Phosphatase

RNA, Messenger

Fermentation

Epithelium

Ecosystem

Cell Line

Cell Line, Tumor

Gene Expression Regulation

Base Sequence

Magnesium

Sodium

Bone and Bones

Colorectal Neoplasms

Amino Acid Sequence

Adenocarcinoma

Promoter Regions, Genetic

Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Transcription, Genetic

Blotting, Western

Signal Transduction

Transfection

Time Factors

Cell Differentiation

Gene Expression

Kinetics

Cell surface-associated lipoteichoic acid acts as an adhesion factor for attachment of Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 to human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells. (1/3466)

Cytochrome P-450 1A1 expression in human small bowel: interindividual variation and inhibition by ketoconazole. (2/3466)

CREB-binding [corrected] protein interacts with the homeodomain protein Cdx2 and enhances transcriptional activity. (3/3466)

Regulation of the human apolipoprotein AIV gene expression in transgenic mice. (4/3466)

Epidermal growth factor regulates fatty acid uptake and metabolism in Caco-2 cells. (5/3466)

The isoflavone genistein inhibits internalization of enteric bacteria by cultured Caco-2 and HT-29 enterocytes. (6/3466)

Transport of rhodamine 123, a P-glycoprotein substrate, across rat intestine and Caco-2 cell monolayers in the presence of cytochrome P-450 3A-related compounds. (7/3466)