AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
BRCA1 ProteinGenes, BRCA1BRCA2 ProteinGenes, BRCA2Germ-Line MutationBreast NeoplasmsOvarian NeoplasmsMutationJewsGenetic TestingHeterozygoteRad51 RecombinaseGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseFounder EffectBreast Neoplasms, MaleNeoplastic Syndromes, HereditaryNeoplasm ProteinsDNA Mutational AnalysisDNA RepairGenetic CounselingDNA DamageSalpingectomyTranscription FactorsTumor Suppressor ProteinsHomologous RecombinationPedigreeUbiquitin-Protein LigasesFallopian Tube NeoplasmsGenomic InstabilityHeterozygote DetectionPhthalazinesFamily HealthCell Line, TumorGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticReplication Protein AReceptor, Cannabinoid, CB1CytokinesisStem Cell ResearchChromosomes, Artificial, BacterialRecombinasesMeiosisMolecular Sequence Data
BRCA1 Protein
The phosphoprotein encoded by the BRCA1 gene (GENE, BRCA1). In normal cells the BRCA1 protein is localized in the nucleus, whereas in the majority of breast cancer cell lines and in malignant pleural effusions from breast cancer patients, it is localized mainly in the cytoplasm. (Science 1995;270(5237):713,789-91)
Genes, BRCA1
A tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR SUPPRESSOR) located on human CHROMOSOME 17 at locus 17q21. Mutations of this gene are associated with the formation of HEREDITARY BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER SYNDROME. It encodes a large nuclear protein that is a component of DNA repair pathways.
BRCA2 Protein
A large, nuclear protein, encoded by the BRCA2 gene (GENE, BRCA2). Mutations in this gene predispose humans to breast and ovarian cancer. The BRCA2 protein is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (from Genes Dev. 2000;14(11):1400-6)
Genes, BRCA2
A tumor suppressor gene (GENES, TUMOR SUPPRESSOR) located on human chromosome 13 at locus 13q12.3. Mutations in this gene predispose humans to breast and ovarian cancer. It encodes a large, nuclear protein that is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements. (from Genes Dev 2000;14(11):1400-6)
Germ-Line Mutation
Any detectable and heritable alteration in the lineage of germ cells. Mutations in these cells (i.e., "generative" cells ancestral to the gametes) are transmitted to progeny while those in somatic cells are not.
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.
Ovarian Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Jews
An ethnic group with historical ties to the land of ISRAEL and the religion of JUDAISM.
Genetic Testing
Detection of a MUTATION; GENOTYPE; KARYOTYPE; or specific ALLELES associated with genetic traits, heritable diseases, or predisposition to a disease, or that may lead to the disease in descendants. It includes prenatal genetic testing.
Heterozygote
An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.
Rad51 Recombinase
A Rec A recombinase found in eukaryotes. Rad51 is involved in DNA REPAIR of double-strand breaks.
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.
Founder Effect
A phenomenon that is observed when a small subgroup of a larger POPULATION establishes itself as a separate and isolated entity. The subgroup's GENE POOL carries only a fraction of the genetic diversity of the parental population resulting in an increased frequency of certain diseases in the subgroup, especially those diseases known to be autosomal recessive.
Breast Neoplasms, Male
Any neoplasms of the male breast. These occur infrequently in males in developed countries, the incidence being about 1% of that in females.
Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary
The condition of a pattern of malignancies within a family, but not every individual's necessarily having the same neoplasm. Characteristically the tumor tends to occur at an earlier than average age, individuals may have more than one primary tumor, the tumors may be multicentric, usually more than 25 percent of the individuals in direct lineal descent from the proband are affected, and the cancer predisposition in these families behaves as an autosomal dominant trait with about 60 percent penetrance.
Neoplasm Proteins
Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.
DNA Mutational Analysis
Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.
DNA Repair
The reconstruction of a continuous two-stranded DNA molecule without mismatch from a molecule which contained damaged regions. The major repair mechanisms are excision repair, in which defective regions in one strand are excised and resynthesized using the complementary base pairing information in the intact strand; photoreactivation repair, in which the lethal and mutagenic effects of ultraviolet light are eliminated; and post-replication repair, in which the primary lesions are not repaired, but the gaps in one daughter duplex are filled in by incorporation of portions of the other (undamaged) daughter duplex. Excision repair and post-replication repair are sometimes referred to as "dark repair" because they do not require light.
Genetic Counseling
An educational process that provides information and advice to individuals or families about a genetic condition that may affect them. The purpose is to help individuals make informed decisions about marriage, reproduction, and other health management issues based on information about the genetic disease, the available diagnostic tests, and management programs. Psychosocial support is usually offered.
DNA Damage
Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS.
Salpingectomy
Excision of one or both of the FALLOPIAN TUBES.
Transcription Factors
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.
Tumor Suppressor Proteins
Proteins that are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. Deficiencies or abnormalities in these proteins may lead to unregulated cell growth and tumor development.
Homologous Recombination
An exchange of DNA between matching or similar sequences.
Pedigree
The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.
Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
A diverse class of enzymes that interact with UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYMES and ubiquitination-specific protein substrates. Each member of this enzyme group has its own distinct specificity for a substrate and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Ubiquitin-protein ligases exist as both monomeric proteins multiprotein complexes.
Fallopian Tube Neoplasms
Benign or malignant neoplasms of the FALLOPIAN TUBES. They are uncommon. If they develop, they may be located in the wall or within the lumen as a growth attached to the wall by a stalk.
Genomic Instability
An increased tendency of the GENOME to acquire MUTATIONS when various processes involved in maintaining and replicating the genome are dysfunctional.
Heterozygote Detection
Identification of genetic carriers for a given trait.
Phthalazines
Family Health
The health status of the family as a unit including the impact of the health of one member of the family on the family as a unit and on individual family members; also, the impact of family organization or disorganization on the health status of its members.
Cell Line, Tumor
A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.
Replication Protein A
A single-stranded DNA-binding protein that is found in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. It is required for DNA REPLICATION; DNA REPAIR; and GENETIC RECOMBINATION.
Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1
A subclass of cannabinoid receptor found primarily on central and peripheral NEURONS where it may play a role modulating NEUROTRANSMITTER release.
Cytokinesis
The process by which the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided.
Stem Cell Research
Experimentation on STEM CELLS and on the use of stem cells.
Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial
DNA constructs that are composed of, at least, a REPLICATION ORIGIN, for successful replication, propagation to and maintenance as an extra chromosome in bacteria. In addition, they can carry large amounts (about 200 kilobases) of other sequence for a variety of bioengineering purposes.
Recombinases
A broad category of enzymes that are involved in the process of GENETIC RECOMBINATION.
Meiosis
A type of CELL NUCLEUS division, occurring during maturation of the GERM CELLS. Two successive cell nucleus divisions following a single chromosome duplication (S PHASE) result in daughter cells with half the number of CHROMOSOMES as the parent cells.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Survival in familial, BRCA1-associated, and BRCA2-associated epithelial ovarian cancer. United Kingdom Coordinating Committee for Cancer Research (UKCCCR) Familial Ovarian Cancer Study Group. (1/929)

The natural history of hereditary and BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated epithelial ovarian cancer may differ from that of sporadic disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated hereditary ovarian cancer, hereditary ovarian cancer with no identified BRCA1/2 mutation, and ovarian cancer in population-based controls. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation testing was carried out on index cases from 119 families with site-specific epithelial ovarian cancer or breast-ovarian cancer. We estimated overall survival in 151 patients from 57 BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation families and compared it with that in 119 patients from 62 families in which a BRCA1/2 mutation was not identified. We compared clinical outcome and data on tumor histopathology, grade, and stage. We also compared survival in familial epithelial ovarian cancer, whether or not a mutation was identified, with that of an age-matched set of population control cases. Overall survival at 5 years was 21% (95% confidence interval, 14-28) in cases from BRCA1 mutation families, 25% (8-42) in BRCA2 mutation families, and 19% (12-26) in families with no identified mutation (P = 0.91). Survival in familial ovarian cancer cases as a whole was significantly worse than for population controls (P = 0.005). In the familial cases, we found no differences in histopathological type, grade, or stage according to mutation status. Compared to population control cases, mucinous tumors occurred less frequently in the familial cases (2 versus 12%, P<0.001), and a greater proportion of the familial cases presented with advanced disease (83% stage III/IV versus 56%; P = 0.001). We have shown that survival in familial ovarian cancer cases is worse than that in sporadic cases, whether or not a BRCA1/2 mutation was identified, perhaps reflecting a difference in biology analogous to that observed in breast cancer.  (+info)

Exclusion of a major role for the PTEN tumour-suppressor gene in breast carcinomas. (2/929)

PTEN is a novel tumour-suppressor gene located on chromosomal band 10q23.3. This region displays frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in a variety of human neoplasms including breast carcinomas. The detection of PTEN mutations in Cowden disease and in breast carcinoma cell lines suggests that PTEN may be involved in mammary carcinogenesis. We here report a mutational analysis of tumour specimens from 103 primary breast carcinomas and constitutive DNA from 25 breast cancer families. The entire coding region of PTEN was screened by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and direct sequencing using intron-based primers. No germline mutations could be identified in the breast cancer families and only one sporadic carcinoma carried a PTEN mutation at one allele. In addition, all sporadic tumours were analysed for homozygous deletions by differential polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and for allelic loss using the microsatellite markers D10S215, D10S564 and D10S573. No homozygous deletions were detected and only 10 out of 94 informative tumours showed allelic loss in the PTEN region. These results suggest that PTEN does not play a major role in breast cancer formation.  (+info)

High frequency of germ-line BRCA2 mutations among Hungarian male breast cancer patients without family history. (3/929)

To determine the contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations to the pathogenesis of male breast cancer in Hungary, the country with the highest male breast cancer mortality rates in continental Europe, a series of 18 male breast cancer patients and three patients with gynecomastia was analyzed for germ-line mutations in both BRCA1 and BRCA2. Although no germ-line BRCA1 mutation was observed, 6 of the 18 male breast cancer cases (33%) carried truncating mutations in the BRCA2 gene. Unexpectedly, none of them reported a family history for breast/ovarian cancer. Four of six truncating mutations were novel, and two mutations were recurrent. Four patients (22%) had a family history of breast/ovarian cancer in at least one first- or second-degree relative; however, no BRCA2 mutation was identified among them. No mutation was identified in either of the genes in the gynecomastias. These results provide evidence for a strong genetic component of male breast cancer in Hungary.  (+info)

Benefits and costs of screening Ashkenazi Jewish women for BRCA1 and BRCA2. (4/929)

PURPOSE: To determine the survival benefit and cost-effectiveness of screening Ashkenazi Jewish women for three specific BRCA1/2 gene mutations. METHODS: We used a Markov model and Monte Carlo analysis to estimate the survival benefit and cost-effectiveness of screening for three specific mutations in a population in which their prevalence is 2.5% and the associated cancer risks are 56% for breast cancer and 16% for ovarian cancer. We assumed that the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 98% and 99%, respectively, that bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy would reduce ovarian cancer risk by 45%, and that bilateral prophylactic mastectomy would reduce breast cancer risk by 90%. We used Medicare payment data for treatment costs and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data for cancer survival. RESULTS: Our model suggests that genetic screening of this population could prolong average nondiscounted survival by 38 days (95% probability interval, 22 to 57 days) for combined surgery, 33 days (95% probability interval, 18 to 43 days) for mastectomy, 11 days (95% probability interval, 4 to 25 days) for oophorectomy, and 6 days (95% probability interval, 3 to 8 days) for surveillance. The respective cost-effectiveness ratios per life-year saved, with a discount rate of 3%, are $20,717, $29,970, $72,780, and $134,273. CONCLUSION: In this Ashkenazi Jewish population, with a high prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations, genetic screening may significantly increase average survival and, depending on costs and screening/treatment strategies, may be cost-effective by the standards of accepted cancer screening tests. According to our model, screening is cost-effective only if all women who test positive undergo prophylactic surgery. These estimates require confirmation through prospective observational studies and clinical trials.  (+info)

The prevalence of common BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among Ashkenazi Jews. (5/929)

Three founder mutations in the cancer-associated genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 occur frequently enough among Ashkenazi Jews to warrant consideration of genetic testing outside the setting of high-risk families with multiple cases of breast or ovarian cancer. We estimated the prevalence of these founder mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the general population of Ashkenazi Jews according to age at testing, personal cancer history, and family cancer history. We compared the results of anonymous genetic testing of blood samples obtained in a survey of >5,000 Jewish participants from the Washington, DC, area with personal and family cancer histories obtained from questionnaires completed by the participants. In all subgroups defined by age and cancer history, fewer mutations were found in this community sample than in clinical series studied to date. For example, 11 (10%) of 109 Jewish women who had been given a diagnosis of breast cancer in their forties carried one of the mutations. The most important predictor of mutation status was a previous diagnosis of breast or ovarian cancer. In men and in women never given a diagnosis of cancer, family history of breast cancer before age 50 years was the strongest predictor. As interest in genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the Jewish community broadens, community-based estimates such as these help guide those seeking and those offering such testing. Even with accurate estimates of the likelihood of carrying a mutation and the likelihood of developing cancer if a mutation is detected, the most vexing clinical problems remain.  (+info)

Commercialization of BRCA1/2 testing: practitioner awareness and use of a new genetic test. (6/929)

It was our purpose to determine the characteristics of practitioners in the United States who were among the first to inquire about and use the BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) genetic tests outside of a research protocol. Questionnaires were mailed to all practitioners who requested information on or ordered a BRCA1/2 test from the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn) Genetic Diagnostics Laboratory (GDL) between October 1, 1995 and January 1, 1997 (the first 15 months the test was available for clinical use). The response rate was 67% of practitioners; 54% (121/225) were genetic counselors, 39% (87/225) were physicians or lab directors. Most physicians were oncologists, pathologists, or obstetrician/gynecologists, but 20% practiced surgery or internal or general medicine. Fifty-six percent (125/225) had ordered a BRCA1/2 test for a patient; most of the rest had offered or were willing to offer testing. Of those who had offered testing, 70% had a patient decline BRCA1/2 testing when offered. Practitioners perceived that patients' fear of loss of confidentiality was a major reason for declining. Nearly 60% of practitioners reported that their patients had access to a genetic counselor, but 28% of physicians who ordered a BRCA1/2 test reported having no such access, despite the GDL's counseling requirement. The proportion of physicians reporting no access to genetic counselors for their patients increased from 22.4% in the first half of the study to 50% in the last half. Many practitioners have an interest in BRCA1/2 testing, despite policy statements that discourage its use outside of research protocols. Practitioner responses suggest that patient interest in testing seems to be tempered by knowledge of potential risks. An apparent increase in patient concern about confidentiality and inability to pay for testing could indicate growing barriers to testing. Although most practitioners reported having access to counseling facilities, perceived lack of such access among an increasing proportion of practitioners indicates that lab requirements for counseling are difficult to enforce and suggests that an increasing proportion of patients may not be getting access to counseling.  (+info)

Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Jewish mutations in Spanish breast cancer patients. (7/929)

We screened the 185delAG and 5382insC (BRCA1) and the 6174delT (BRCA2) mutation in 298 Spanish women with breast cancer. Two women (one with Sephardic ancestors) presented the 185delAG mutation and the same haplotype reported in Ashkenazim with this mutation. This suggests a common origin of the 185delAG in both Sephardic and Ashkenazi populations.  (+info)

Characteristics of small breast and/or ovarian cancer families with germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. (8/929)

For families with a small number of cases of breast and/or ovarian cancer, limited data are available to predict the likelihood of genetic predisposition due to mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2. In 104 families with three or more affected individuals (average 3.8) seeking counselling at family cancer clinics, mutation analysis was performed in the open reading frame of BRCA1 and BRCA2 by the protein truncation test and mutation-specific assays. In 31 of the 104 families tested, mutations were detected (30%). The majority of these mutations (25) occurred in BRCA1. Mutations were detected in 15 out of 25 families (60%) with both breast and ovarian cancer and in 16 out of 79 families (20%) with exclusively cases of breast cancer. Thus, an ovarian cancer case strongly predicted finding a mutation (P < 0.001). Within the group of small breast-cancer-only families, a bilateral breast cancer case or a unilateral breast cancer case diagnosed before age 40 independently predicted finding a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation (P = 0.005 and P = 0.02, respectively). Therefore, even small breast/ovarian cancer families with at least one case of ovarian cancer, bilateral breast cancer, or a case of breast cancer diagnosed before age 40, should be referred for mutation screening.  (+info)

Women with hereditary breast cancer predispositions should avoid using their smartphones, tablets and laptops at night | Smart...Women with hereditary breast cancer predispositions should avoid using their smartphones, tablets and laptops at night | Smart...
Women with hereditary breast cancer predispositions should avoid using their smartphones, tablets and laptops at night Home Women with hereditary breast cancer predispositions should avoid using their smartphones, tablets and laptops at night 09 JAN 18 Women with hereditary breast cancer predispositions should avoid using their smartphones, tablets and laptops at night From SMJ Mortazavi,…
https://smartmeternewsupdates.wordpress.com/2018/01/08/women-with-hereditary-breast-cancer-predispositions-should-avoid-using-their-smartphones-tablets-and-laptops-at-night/
Susan G. Komen San Diego | BRCA Research Saves LivesSusan G. Komen San Diego | BRCA Research Saves Lives
our genes, which can prevent tumors from forming. When they are functioning properly, they are considered to be tumor suppressors. When mutations occur in the BRCA genes, their function is disrupted. They cannot effectively repair DNA damage, and defects accumulate, making cells more prone to cancer.. Mutations in BRCA are often inherited and people who have them are at increased risk for breast cancer - called inherited breast cancer. But BRCA mutations can also occur sporadically (not inherited). 15-25% of inherited breast cancers are a result of BRCA mutations; however, not all people with the BRCA mutation will get breast cancer.. ...
http://www.komensandiego.org/brca-research-saves-lives/
Survival in prospectively ascertained familial breast cancer: Analysis of a series stratified by tumour characteristics, BRCA...Survival in prospectively ascertained familial breast cancer: Analysis of a series stratified by tumour characteristics, BRCA...
article{a2927d4d-d515-499a-8b73-8d202fc294c4, abstract = {Dedicated clinics have been established for the early diagnosis and treatment of women at risk for inherited breast cancer, but the effects of such interventions are currently unproven. This second report on prospectively diagnosed inherited breast cancer from the European collaborating centres supports the previous conclusions and adds information on genetic heterogeneity and the effect of oophorectomy. Of 249 patients, 20% had carcinoma in situ (CIS), 54% had infiltrating cancer without spread (CaNO) and 26% had cancer with spread (CaN+). Five-year survival was 100% for CIS, 94% for CaNO and 72% for CaN+ (p = 0.007). Thirty-six patients had BRCA1 mutations, and 8 had BRCA2 mutations. Presence of BRCA1 mutation was associated with infiltrating cancer, high grade and lack of oestrogen receptor (p < 0.05 for all 3 characteristics). For BRCA1 mutation carriers, 5-year survival was 63% vs. 91% for noncarriers (p = 0.04). For CaNO ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/326584
Six new genes are linked to inherited breast cancer - Harvard GazetteSix new genes are linked to inherited breast cancer - Harvard Gazette
A decade of research into one of the worlds least-known diseases has resulted in the discovery of six genes linked to inherited breast cancer.
https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2002/06/six-new-genes-are-linked-to-inherited-breast-cancer/
Active ProjectsActive Projects
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, and approximately 10% of all breast cancers are hereditary. The two best known breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, were identified 20 years ago, but mutations in these genes account for ~40% of inherited breast cancers. Since then, other genes including ATM, BARD1, BLM, BRIP1, CHEK2, NBS1, PALB2, PTEN, RINT1, TP53 and XRCC2 have been proposed as candidate breast cancer susceptibility genes and together account for another ~10% of hereditary breast cancer families. However, the genes responsible for the other 50% of hereditary cases are yet to be identified.. Certain populations like the French Canadian population of Quebec are notable for the presence of founder mutations that are the result of their presence in a small number of original settlers. Our team has contributed significantly to the identification, characterization and clinical application of founder mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2 and, most recently, PALB2. ...
http://www.williamfoulkeslab.com/active-projects/
Human Breast cancer susceptibility protein 1 (BRCA1) ELISA KitHuman Breast cancer susceptibility protein 1 (BRCA1) ELISA Kit
We sell ELISA, IFA, RIA kits, antibody/antibodies for many antigens and hosts, IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM. Antibody application for WB, ELISA, IHC-P, IF, FCM.
https://www.gentaurshop.com/product/2684291/human-breast-cancer-susceptibility-protein-1-brca1
Breast Cancer Susceptibility GenesBreast Cancer Susceptibility Genes
Hereditary breast cancer is mainly attributed toloss‐of‐function mutations in and genes, which constitute the most important of the known breast cancer susceptibility genes in terms of high penetrance and clinical significance
http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0025847.html
Functional Analysis of Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes in Mice - Shyam SharanFunctional Analysis of Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes in Mice - Shyam Sharan
My laboratory focuses on the functional analysis of the human breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnose...
https://grantome.com/grant/NIH/ZIA-BC010387-11
Analysis of BRCA2 point mutations and exon deletions/amplifications in breast and breast/ovarian cancer families<...Analysis of BRCA2 point mutations and exon deletions/amplifications in breast and breast/ovarian cancer families<...
TY - GEN. T1 - Analysis of BRCA2 point mutations and exon deletions/amplifications in breast and breast/ovarian cancer families. AU - Falchi, A. AU - Scott, N. AU - Hayes, VEA. AU - Barnett, YA. AU - Garstin, I. AU - Logan, P. AU - Morrison, PJ. AU - Bjourson, AJ. PY - 2005/4/5. Y1 - 2005/4/5. M3 - Conference contribution. VL - 27. SP - 100. EP - 101. BT - Unknown Host Publication. PB - Springer. T2 - Meeting of the International-Society-for-Cellular-Oncology. Y2 - 5 April 2005. ER - ...
https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/analysis-of-brca2-point-mutations-and-exon-deletionsamplification-3
Tak Wah Mak | Medical Biophysics, University of TorontoTak Wah Mak | Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto
Genetic susceptibility factors are associated with most types of cancer, but few of these genes have been identified. We have generated mutant mouse strains with engineered modifications of genes shown to be strongly linked to cancer. We have also adopted comparison genomic hybridization array screening as well as a Drosophila genetic modifier screening methods to identify novel genes linked to cancer. One of our areas of interest is DNA repair. We studied mutant mice lacking MSH2, a component of the DNA mismatch repair machinery. MSH2-deficient mice spontaneously develop tumours early in life, making them a useful model for the study of tumorigenesis, carcinogens and anti-cancer agents. Studies of mice lacking the breast cancer susceptibility genes Brca1 or Brca2 suggest that these proteins have roles in pathways controlling DNA damage repair and the maintenance of genome stability. One of the most important tumour suppressor genes (TSG) for human cancer is p53, a multi- functional protein that ...
http://medbio.utoronto.ca/faculty/mak.html
Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer in Women: Updated Evidence Report and...Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer in Women: Updated Evidence Report and...
Pathogenic mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 increase risks for breast, ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer in women; i...
https://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/2455703/Risk-Assessment-Genetic-Counseling-and-Genetic-Testing-for-BRCA-Related-Cancer-in.html
US OKs 1st drug aimed at women with inherited breast cancerUS OKs 1st drug aimed at women with inherited breast cancer
The Food and Drug Administration on Friday approved AstraZeneca PLCs Lynparza for patients with inherited BRCA gene mutations who have undergone chemotherapy. Lynparza will cost $13,886 per month without insurance, according to AstraZeneca. Susan M. Domchek at the University of Pennsylvanias Abramson Cancer Center said in a statement.
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/01/12/the-associated-press-us-oks-1st-drug-aimed-at-women-with-inherited-breast-cancer.html
Cancer Biomarkers - Volume 15, issue 6 - Journals - IOS PressCancer Biomarkers - Volume 15, issue 6 - Journals - IOS Press
Authors: Krivokuca, Ana , Yanowski, Kira , Rakobradovic, Jelena , Benitez, Javier , Brankovic-Magic, Mirjana Article Type: Research Article Abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2010 an important finding was published showing that heterozygous mutations in RAD51C were highly penetrant and were able to confer an increased risk for breast and ovarian cancers. The role of possible third high penetrance breast cancer susceptibility gene was assigned to RAD51C . OBJECTIVE: Because of its rising importance in breast cancer development and the lack of information about RAD51C in Slavic populations, our goal was to identify potential population specific mutations in this gene in order to determine more detailed genetic screening strategy and breast cancer risk assessment. METHODS: …The study included 55 females from Serbian hereditary breast/ovarian cancer families negative for sequence alterations and large genomic rearrangements in BRCA1 /2 genes. Whole coding region and exon-intron boundaries of RAD51C were ...
https://content.iospress.com/journals/cancer-biomarkers/15/6
Four new genes added to the inherited breast cancer risk list - Immunotherapy ChinaFour new genes added to the inherited breast cancer risk list - Immunotherapy China
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah have discovered four new genes that increase breast cancer risk when mutated.. The team, who lead an international consortium with the aim of locating more gene mutations that may cause inherited breast cancer susceptibilities, have added RINT1, MRE11A, RAD50 and NBN to the growing list of higher risk genes.. Before a cell becomes cancerous, a number of mistakes need to be present in its genetic code. These mistakes are referred to as mutations.. It is possible to be born with a gene mutation that may increase the risk of cancer. This mutation does not mean the individual will categorically suffer from a form of cancer, but the individual will be more likely to develop cancer than the average person.. Inherited cases of breast cancer are usually associated with two abnormal genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2.. BRCA1 and BRACA2 genes are present in everyone. Their functions are to repair cell damage and ensure normal growth of breast cells. ...
http://immunotherapychina.com/cancer-news/four-new-genes-added-to-the-inherited-breast-cancer-risk-list/
ICARE Newsletter Winter 2016Community Spotlight - Inherited Cancer Registry (ICARE)ICARE Newsletter Winter 2016Community Spotlight - Inherited Cancer Registry (ICARE)
I was first diagnosed with breast cancer when I was 56 years old. Because of my strong family history of breast cancer, I was referred for genetic counseling and had BRCA testing at that time. Recently, I was diagnosed with breast cancer again. When I went to see my surgeon, she advised me to have more genetic testing for inherited breast cancer through multi-gene tests, which were not yet available when I first had my testing. Through this testing, I was found to have a PALB2 gene mutation, which explains my personal and family history of breast cancer. I recently enrolled in the Inherited Cancer Registry, as I am interested in participating in research in any way that I can to learn more about inherited cancers in people with a PALB2 mutation.. ―Mari-Lynn Slayton, ICARE participant ...
https://inheritedcancer.net/spotlightnlw2016/
Popular Polyclonal Antibodies | GoldBioPopular Polyclonal Antibodies | GoldBio
This gene encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in maintaining genomic stability, and it also acts as a tumor suppressor. The encoded protein combines with other tumor suppressors, DNA damage sensors, and signal transducers to form a large multi-subunit protein complex known as the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC). This gene product associates with RNA polymerase II, and through the C-terminal domain, also interacts with histone deacetylase complexes. This protein thus plays a role in transcription, DNA repair of double-stranded breaks, and recombination. Mutations in this gene are responsible for approximately 40% of inherited breast cancers and more than 80% of inherited breast and ovarian cancers. Alternative splicing plays a role in modulating the subcellular localization and physiological function of this gene. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants, some of which are disease-associated mutations, have been described for this gene, but the full-length ...
https://www.goldbio.com/collection/polyclonal-antibodies
Transposon insertional mutagenesis in mice identifies human breast cancer susceptibility genes and signatures for...Transposon insertional mutagenesis in mice identifies human breast cancer susceptibility genes and signatures for...
SB transposon mutagenesis is an unbiased approach for identifying candidate BC driver genes. We successfully induced mammary tumors in mice using the K5 promoter driving SB alone or together with stabilized N-terminally truncated β-catenin targeted to the basal layer of the mammary gland (28). Because the K5-Cre promoter is activated in both the luminal and basal cell layers of the mammary gland, transposition also occurs in both layers and not solely in the basal cell layer, as initially observed with the transgenic line expressing the truncated β-catenin. Not surprisingly, mammary tumors induced by our SB system represented all BC histological subtypes, consistent with the premise that the cell of origin for BC derives from either the luminal or basal layers of mammary glands (56, 57).. The SB mouse model provides a unique experimental basis for the identification of BC-associated susceptible genes relevant to the tumor subtypes. To understand the molecular subtypes of tumors induced in our ...
http://www.pnas.org/content/114/11/E2215.full
EMSY抗体[Y474]| Abcam中国EMSY抗体[Y474]| Abcam中国
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http://www.abcam.cn/emsy-antibody-y474-ab32329.html
Posttranscriptional regulation of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 by the RNA binding protein HuR - UQ eSpacePosttranscriptional regulation of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 by the RNA binding protein HuR - UQ eSpace
BRCA1 is a breast cancer susceptibility gene that is down-regulated in a significant proportion of sporadic breast cancers. BRCA1 is posttranscriptionally regulated by RNA-binding proteins, the identities of which are unknown. HuR is an RNA binding protein implicated in posttranscriptional regulation of many genes and is overexpressed in sporadic breast cancer. To investigate the possibility that these two molecules are functionally linked in breast cancer, we performed bioinformatic analysis of the BRCA1 3 untranslated region (UTR), RNA-protein assays with the HuR protein and the BRCA1 3UTR, and immunohistochemical analysis of a cohort of breast tumors using antibodies against BRCA1 and HuR. Here, we describe the identification of two predicted HuR-binding sites in the BRCA1 3UTR, one of which binds specifically to HuR. We also show that this interaction is disrupted by single nucleotide substitutions in the BRCA1 3UTR and that endogenous HuR protein associates with BRCA1 transcripts in ...
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:172685
Trypanosoma brucei BRCA2 acts in a life cycle-specific genome stability process and dictates BRC repeat number-dependent RAD51...Trypanosoma brucei BRCA2 acts in a life cycle-specific genome stability process and dictates BRC repeat number-dependent RAD51...
Trypanosoma brucei survives in mammals through antigenic variation, which is driven by RAD51-directed homologous recombination of Variant Surface Glycoproteins (VSG) genes, most of which reside in a subtelomeric repository of |1000 silent genes. A key regulator of RAD51 is BRCA2, which in T. brucei contains a dramatic expansion of a motif that mediates interaction with RAD51, termed the BRC repeats. BRCA2 mutants were made in both tsetse fly-derived and mammal-derived T. brucei, and we show that BRCA2 loss has less impact on the health of the former. In addition, we find that genome instability, a hallmark of BRCA2 loss in other organisms, is only seen in mammal-derived T. brucei. By generating cells expressing BRCA2 variants with altered BRC repeat numbers, we show that the BRC repeat expansion is crucial for RAD51 subnuclear dynamics after DNA damage. Finally, we document surprisingly limited co-localization of BRCA2 and RAD51 in the T. brucei nucleus, and we show that BRCA2 mutants display aberrant
https://www.kennedy.ox.ac.uk/publications/487816
A high incidence of BRCA1 mutations in 20 breast-ovarian cancer families<...A high incidence of BRCA1 mutations in 20 breast-ovarian cancer families<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - A high incidence of BRCA1 mutations in 20 breast-ovarian cancer families. AU - Serova, Olga. AU - Montagna, Marco. AU - Torchard, Delphine. AU - Narod, Steven A.. AU - Tonin, Patricia. AU - Sylla, Bakary. AU - Lynch, Henry T.. AU - Feunteun, Jean. AU - Lenoir, Gilbert M.. PY - 1996. Y1 - 1996. N2 - We have analyzed 20 breast-ovarian cancer families, the majority of which show positive evidence of linkage to chromosome 17q12, for germ-line mutations in the BRCA1 gene. BRCA1 mutations cosegregating with breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility were identified in 16 families, including 1 family with a case of male breast cancer. Nine of these mutations have not been reported previously. The majority of mutations were found to generate a premature stop codon leading to the formation of a truncated BRCA1 protein of 2%-88% of the expected normal length. Two mutations altered the RING finger domain. Sequencing of genomic DNA led to the identification of a mutation in the coding region ...
https://creighton.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/a-high-incidence-of-brca1-mutations-in-20-breast-ovarian-cancer-f
The Role of BRCT-Containing Proteins BRCA1 and PAXIP1 in Cancer by Ankita JhuraneyThe Role of BRCT-Containing Proteins BRCA1 and PAXIP1 in Cancer by Ankita Jhuraney
Modular domains of proteins are important in cellular signaling processes. Eukaryotic cells are constantly undergoing DNA damage due to exogenous and endogenous sources of damage. The DNA damage response (DDR) involves a complex network of signaling events mediated by modular domains such as the BRCT (BRCA1 C-terminal) domains. Therefore, proteins containing BRCT domains are important for DNA damage detection and signaling. In this dissertation, we focus on two BRCT-containing proteins BRCA1 and PAXIP1. BRCA1 is a gene that is known to be associated with increased risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Germline variants of BRCA1 are assessed to determine lifetime risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. This is performed by genetic testing of the BRCA1 sequence and the variants can be classified as pathogenic, non-pathogenic or variants of unknown significance (VUS). Using family history, segregation analysis, co-occurrence and tumor pathology, certain variants have been classified as either
http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5819/
Biological processes, properties and molecular wiring diagrams of candidate low-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes |...Biological processes, properties and molecular wiring diagrams of candidate low-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes |...
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Recent advances in whole-genome association studies (WGASs) for human cancer risk are beginning to provide the part lists of low-penetrance susceptibility genes. However, statistical analysis in these studies is complicated by the vast number of genetic variants examined and the weak effects observed, as a result of which constraints must be incorporated into the study design and analytical approach. In this scenario, biological attributes beyond the adjusted statistics generally receive little attention and, more importantly, the fundamental biological characteristics of low-penetrance susceptibility genes have yet to be determined. METHODS: We applied an integrative approach for identifying candidate low-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes, their characteristics and molecular networks through the analysis of diverse sources of biological evidence. RESULTS: First, examination of the distribution of Gene Ontology terms in ordered WGAS results identified ...
http://bioinfo.cipf.es/node/529
Tunable Microchip Sorting of BRCA1 Nuclear Assemblies - Deborah KellyTunable Microchip Sorting of BRCA1 Nuclear Assemblies - Deborah Kelly
Mutations in the breast cancer susceptibility protein, BRCA1, are heavily implicated in familial breast and ovarian cancers that are classified as triple negati...
https://grantome.com/grant/NIH/R01-CA193578-05
OpenEmory | Search ResultsOpenEmory | Search Results
The novel zinc finger protein 121 (ZNF121) has been demonstrated to physically and functionally associate with the MYC oncoprotein to regulate cell proliferation and likely breast cancer development. To further understand how ZNF121 functions in cell proliferation and carcinogenesis, we identified and characterized the interaction of ZNF121 with zinc finger and BRCA1-interacting protein with a KRAB domain 1 (ZBRK1), a breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility protein 1 (BRCA1)-interacting protein, using the yeast two-hybrid assay and other approaches. We also found that ZNF121 bound to BRCA1. Functionally, ZFN121 suppressed the expression of ANG1 and HMGA2, two common downstream targets of ZBRK1 and BRCA1. Interestingly, ZNF121 also regulated the expression of BRCA1 and ZBRK1. These findings suggest that ZNF121 is likely a member of the BRCA1/CtIP/ZBRK1 repressor complex that plays a role in breast cancer ...
https://open.library.emory.edu/publications/search/?keywords=growth&keywords=complex&keywords=remov&keywords=receptor&keywords=121&subject=Biology%2C+Molecular&year=2018&keywords=zbrk
OpenEmory | Search ResultsOpenEmory | Search Results
The novel zinc finger protein 121 (ZNF121) has been demonstrated to physically and functionally associate with the MYC oncoprotein to regulate cell proliferation and likely breast cancer development. To further understand how ZNF121 functions in cell proliferation and carcinogenesis, we identified and characterized the interaction of ZNF121 with zinc finger and BRCA1-interacting protein with a KRAB domain 1 (ZBRK1), a breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility protein 1 (BRCA1)-interacting protein, using the yeast two-hybrid assay and other approaches. We also found that ZNF121 bound to BRCA1. Functionally, ZFN121 suppressed the expression of ANG1 and HMGA2, two common downstream targets of ZBRK1 and BRCA1. Interestingly, ZNF121 also regulated the expression of BRCA1 and ZBRK1. These findings suggest that ZNF121 is likely a member of the BRCA1/CtIP/ZBRK1 repressor complex that plays a role in breast cancer ...
https://open.library.emory.edu/publications/search/?keywords=growth&keywords=complex&keywords=remov&keywords=myc&keywords=biochemistri&keywords=protein&subject=Biology%2C+Molecular&keywords=angiopoietin
DNA Testing Centres of Canada » BRCA1/2 and Hereditary CancerDNA Testing Centres of Canada » BRCA1/2 and Hereditary Cancer
Breast Cancer is very common among Canadians. The Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation reported in 2014 1 in 9 women in Canada is expected to develop breast cancer during her lifetime. Today we are focusing on the genetic aspects of developing breast cancer in the body.. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes - BRCA1 and BRCA 2 known, as a Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene 1 and Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene 2 are human genes and works as tumor suppressors.. How BRCA1 and BRCA2 connect to cancer? When any of those genes mutate, it causes DNA damage and it might not be able to repair properly, and as a results cell can develop additional genetic alterations. Inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 then increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancer.. NOTE: BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations can be inherited from a persons mother or father. Anyone who has inherited a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation could be an increase risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer.. Breast cancer statistics - Breast Cancer Society of Canada has ...
http://dnatestingcanada.com/product/brca12-and-hereditary-cancer/
A role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in breast cancer susceptibility within Sardinian population | BMC Cancer | Full...A role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in breast cancer susceptibility within Sardinian population | BMC Cancer | Full...
In recent years, numerous studies have assessed the prevalence of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in various cohorts. We here extensively investigated the prevalence and geographical distribution of BRCA1-2 mutations in the entire genetically-homogeneous Sardinian population. The occurrence of phenotypic characteristics which may be predictive for the presence of BRCA1-2 germline mutations was also evaluated. Three hundred and forty-eight breast cancer patients presenting a familial recurrence of invasive breast or ovarian carcinoma with at least two affected family members were screened for BRCA1-2 mutations by DHPLC analysis and DNA sequencing. Association of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutational status with clinical and pathological parameters was evaluated by Pearsons Chi-Squared test. Overall, 8 BRCA1 and 5 BRCA2 deleterious mutations were detected in 35/348 (10%) families; majority (23/35;66%) of mutations was found in BRCA2 gene. The geographical distribution of BRCA1-2 mutations was related to
https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-9-245
Common alleles at 6q25.1 and 1p11.2 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. - Nuffield...Common alleles at 6q25.1 and 1p11.2 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. - Nuffield...
Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 6q25.1, near the ESR1 gene, have been implicated in the susceptibility to breast cancer for Asian (rs2046210) and European women (rs9397435). A genome-wide association study in Europeans identified two further breast cancer susceptibility variants: rs11249433 at 1p11.2 and rs999737 in RAD51L1 at 14q24.1. Although previously identified breast cancer susceptibility variants have been shown to be associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, the involvement of these SNPs to breast cancer susceptibility in mutation carriers is currently unknown. To address this, we genotyped these SNPs in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers from 42 studies from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. In the analysis of 14 123 BRCA1 and 8053 BRCA2 mutation carriers of European ancestry, the 6q25.1 SNPs (r(2) = 0.14) were independently associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA1 mutation carriers [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.17, 95%
https://www.ndph.ox.ac.uk/publications/172455
DSpace at EWHA: The effect of reproductive factors on breast cancer presentation in women who are BRCA mutation carrierDSpace at EWHA: The effect of reproductive factors on breast cancer presentation in women who are BRCA mutation carrier
Purpose: Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes confer increased risks for breast cancers. However, the clinical presentation of breast cancer among women who are carriers of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2 carriers) mutations is heterogenous. We aimed to identify the effects of the reproductive histories of women with the BRCA1/2 mutations on the clinical presentation of breast cancer. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data on women with proven BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations who were recruited to the Korean Hereditary Breast Cancer study, from 2007 to 2014. Results: Among the 736 women who were BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, a total of 483 women had breast cancers. Breast cancer diagnosis occurred at significantly younger ages in women who experienced menarche at ≤ 14 years of age, compared to those who experienced menarche at , 14 years of age (37.38±7.60 and 43.30±10.11, respectively, p, 0.001). Additionally, the number of full-term pregnancies was significantly associated with ...
http://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/239459
Hereditary breast cancer: Part II. Management of hereditary breast cancer: Implications of molecular genetics and pathology<...Hereditary breast cancer: Part II. Management of hereditary breast cancer: Implications of molecular genetics and pathology<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Hereditary breast cancer. T2 - Part II. Management of hereditary breast cancer: Implications of molecular genetics and pathology. AU - Silva, Edibaldo. AU - Gatalica, Zoran. AU - Snyder, Carrie. AU - Vranic, Semir. AU - Lynch, Jane F.. AU - Lynch, Henry T.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2008/1. Y1 - 2008/1. N2 - Management of patients at high risk for hereditary breast cancer (HBC) must critically assess its phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity, particularly evidenced by the varying spectra of cancer sites that are integral to the respective HBC syndromes. Targeted management must consider their biology, pathology, and molecular genetics, all in concert with their respective carcinogenic pathways, as they may differ significantly from one breast cancer syndrome to the next. A striking example of management differences pertains to BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation-positive breast cancers wherein those with BRCA1 mutations are frequently estrogen ...
https://creighton.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/hereditary-breast-cancer-part-ii-management-of-hereditary-breast-
BRCA1 Promoter Region Hypermethylation in Ovarian Carcinoma: A Population-based Study | Cancer ResearchBRCA1 Promoter Region Hypermethylation in Ovarian Carcinoma: A Population-based Study | Cancer Research
The 12 tumors with a hypermethylated BRCA1 promoter were also analyzed for the two BRCA1 founder mutations common in the Ashkenazi Jewish population, BRCA1 185delAG (exon 2) and BRCA1 5382 insC (exon 20), and found to be free of mutation (Table 1) ⇓ . These samples were also analyzed and found to be absent for the BRCA2 6174delT (exon 11) Jewish founder mutation. The lack of a Jewish founder mutation does not, however, rule out the possibility that other BRCA1 mutations are present. The absence of BRCA1 protein staining in 2 of 9 unmethylated OCs suggests that mechanisms other than promoter hypermethylation may also inhibit BRCA1 protein expression.. A relationship between the BRCA and p53 genes has long been suspected, based upon the higher incidence of p53 mutations in tumors with BRCA mutations than in sporadic carcinomas (31, 32, 33) In view of the critical role of p53 in cell cycle regulation, it has been postulated that BRCA1 mutant cells with wild-type p53 are less susceptible to ...
https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/60/19/5329?ijkey=c189adbb2263e1c27078f3288393968318cb72f2&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Genetic Counseling Using BRCA1-Linked Markers.Genetic Counseling Using BRCA1-Linked Markers.
Rapid developments in cancer genetics have exposed a knowledge vacuum about genetic testing for susceptibility to cancer. Our experience in testing for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation in hereditary breast cancer (HBC) syndrome, with counseling about cancer surveillance and management, inclusive of the option of prophylactic surgery, provides some important information. We provided DNA-based (BRCA1, BRCA2 germ-line mutation) findings on 442 patients from 37 HBC families. The top two reasons for receiving genetic test results are for their children and for their own health surveillance. Of those women who have tested positive for BRCA1 and have been counseled, 40% had already developed breast cancer and 6% had already developed ovarian cancer, while in BRCA2 25% had developed breast cancer and 0% had developed ovarian cancer. Of the unaffected women, prior to counseling 59% from BRCA1 and 46% from BRCA2 said they would consider prophylactic mastectomy if their result was positive; 76% of BRCA1 and 50% of BRCA2
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA337004
Inhibition of BRCT(BRCA1)-phosphoprotein interaction enhances the cytotoxic effect of olaparib in breast cancer cells: A proof...Inhibition of BRCT(BRCA1)-phosphoprotein interaction enhances the cytotoxic effect of olaparib in breast cancer cells: A proof...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Inhibition of BRCT(BRCA1)-phosphoprotein interaction enhances the cytotoxic effect of olaparib in breast cancer cells. T2 - A proof of concept study for synthetic lethal therapeutic option. AU - Pessetto, Ziyan Yuan. AU - Yan, Ying. AU - Bessho, Tadayoshi. AU - Natarajan, Amarnath. PY - 2012/7. Y1 - 2012/7. N2 - Synthetic lethal therapeutic strategy using poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation has shown promise in clinical settings. Since ≤5 % of patients are BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, small molecules that functionally mimic BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations will extend the synthetic lethal therapeutic option for non-mutation carriers. Here we provide proof of principle for this strategy using a BRCA1 inhibitor peptide 2 that targets the BRCT(BRCA1)-phosphoprotein interaction and mimics the M177R/K BRCA1 mutation. Reciprocal immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting of BRCA1 and Abraxas was used to ...
https://nebraska.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/inhibition-of-brctbrca1-phosphoprotein-interaction-enhances-the-c
Comprehensive Analysis of BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 Germline Mutation and Tumor Characterization: A Portrait of Early-Onset Breast...Comprehensive Analysis of BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 Germline Mutation and Tumor Characterization: A Portrait of Early-Onset Breast...
Germline mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 genes have been identified as one of the most important disease-causing issues in young breast cancer patients worldwide. The specific defective biological processes that trigger germline mutation-associated and -negative tumors remain unclear. To delineate an initial portrait of Brazilian early-onset breast cancer, we performed an investigation combining both germline and tumor analysis. Germline screening of the BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2 (c.1100delC) and TP53 genes was performed in 54 unrelated patients |35 y; their tumors were investigated with respect to transcriptional and genomic profiles as well as hormonal receptors and HER2 expression/amplification. Germline mutations were detected in 12 out of 54 patients (22%) [7 in BRCA1 (13%), 4 in BRCA2 (7%) and one in TP53 (2%) gene]. A cancer familial history was present in 31.4% of the unrelated patients, from them 43.7% were carriers for germline mutation (37.5% in BRCA1 and in 6.2% in the BRCA2 genes). Fifty
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0057581
Genetic variation at 9p22.2 and ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. - Clinical Trial Service Unit &...Genetic variation at 9p22.2 and ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. - Clinical Trial Service Unit &...
BACKGROUND: Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with increased risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Although several common variants have been associated with breast cancer susceptibility in mutation carriers, none have been associated with ovarian cancer susceptibility. A genome-wide association study recently identified an association between the rare allele of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3814113 (ie, the C allele) at 9p22.2 and decreased risk of ovarian cancer for women in the general population. We evaluated the association of this SNP with ovarian cancer risk among BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers by use of data from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. METHODS: We genotyped rs3814113 in 10,029 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 5837 BRCA2 mutation carriers. Associations with ovarian and breast cancer were assessed with a retrospective likelihood approach. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: The minor allele of rs3814113 was
https://www.ctsu.ox.ac.uk/publications/632602
New BRCA1 and BRCA2 Test May Be More Accurate, Less ExpensiveNew BRCA1 and BRCA2 Test May Be More Accurate, Less Expensive
About 5% to 10% of breast cancers are thought to be hereditary, caused by abnormal genes passed from parent to child.. Genes are particles in cells, contained in chromosomes, and made of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). DNA contains the instructions for building proteins. And proteins control the structure and function of all the cells that make up your body.. Most inherited cases of breast cancer are associated with two abnormal genes: BRCA1 (BReast CAncer gene one) and BRCA2 (BReast CAncer gene two).. Everyone has BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The function of the BRCA genes is to repair cell damage and keep breast cells growing normally. But when these genes contain abnormalities or mutations that are passed from generation to generation, the genes dont function normally and breast cancer risk increases. Abnormal BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes may account for up to 10% of all breast cancers, or 1 out of every 10 cases.. Having an abnormal BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene doesnt mean you will be diagnosed with breast cancer. ...
https://www.breastcancer.org/research-news/20120905
Benefits and costs of screening Ashkenazi Jewish women for BRCA1 and BRCA2<...Benefits and costs of screening Ashkenazi Jewish women for BRCA1 and BRCA2<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Benefits and costs of screening Ashkenazi Jewish women for BRCA1 and BRCA2. AU - Grann, Victor R.. AU - Whang, William. AU - Jacobson, Judith S.. AU - Heitjan, Daniel F.. AU - Antman, Karen H.. AU - Neugut, Alfred I.. PY - 1999/2. Y1 - 1999/2. N2 - Purpose: To determine the survival benefit and cost-effectiveness of screening Ashkenazi Jewish women for three specific BRCA 1/2 gene mutations. Methods: We used a Markov model and Monte Carlo analysis to estimate the survival benefit and cost-effectiveness of screening for three specific mutations in a population in which their prevalence is 2.5% and the associated cancer risks are 56% for breast cancer and 16% for ovarian cancer. We assumed that the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 98% and 99%, respectively, that bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy would reduce ovarian cancer risk by 45%, and that bilateral prophylactic mastectomy would reduce breast cancer risk by 90%. We used Medicare payment data far treatment costs ...
https://utsouthwestern.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/benefits-and-costs-of-screening-ashkenazi-jewish-women-for-brca1-
Assessing Associations between the AURKA-HMMR-TPX2-TUBG1 Functional Module and Breast Cancer Risk in BRCA1/2 Mutation CarriersAssessing Associations between the AURKA-HMMR-TPX2-TUBG1 Functional Module and Breast Cancer Risk in BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers
While interplay between BRCA1 and AURKA-RHAMM-TPX2-TUBG1 regulates mammary epithelial polarization, common genetic variation in HMMR (gene product RHAMM) may be associated with risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Following on these observations, we further assessed the link between the AURKA-HMMR-TPX2-TUBG1 functional module and risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. Forty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 15,252 BRCA1 and 8,211 BRCA2 mutation carriers and subsequently analyzed using a retrospective likelihood approach. The association of HMMR rs299290 with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers was confirmed: per-allele hazard ratio (HR) = 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.15, p = 1.9 x 10(-4) (false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted p = 0.043). Variation in CSTF1, located next to AURKA, was also found to be associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers: rs2426618 per-allele HR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.03-1.16, p = ...
http://www.recercat.cat/handle/2072/260271
Triple-negative breast cancer and PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue)loss are predictors of BRCA1 germline mutations in...Triple-negative breast cancer and PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue)loss are predictors of BRCA1 germline mutations in...
Given that breast cancers in germline BRCA1 carriers are predominantly estrogen-negative and triple-negative, it has been suggested that women diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) younger than 50 years should be offered BRCA1 testing, regardless of family cancer characteristics. However, the predictive value of triple-negative breast cancer, when taken in the context of personal and family cancer characteristics, is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether TNBC is a predictor of germline BRCA1 mutations, in the context of multiple predictive factors. Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 were analyzed by Sanger sequencing and multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis in 431 women from the Malaysian Breast Cancer Genetic Study, including 110 women with TNBC. Logistic regression was used to identify and to estimate the predictive strength of major determinants. Estrogen receptor (ER) and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) status were assessed and
https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/bcr3347
DNA repair-related functional assays for the classification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants: a critical review and needs assessment...DNA repair-related functional assays for the classification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants: a critical review and needs assessment...
Given how BRCA2 is believed to function as a tumour suppressor, assays related to DNA repair are directly relevant to predicting the impact of BRCA2 variants on cancer risk and therapeutic response. Additionally, such assays have demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for predicting known benign and pathogenic variants. For these reasons, DNA repair-related assays are considered here.21 Since DNA repair-related domains are distributed throughout BRCA2, as discussed earlier, such assays should be based on expression of full-length BRCA2. BRCA2 is even larger than BRCA1 (the protein is ~390 kDa and the cDNA is 10 254 bp). Thus, it has been difficult to express full-length BRCA2 in human cells using a cDNA.69 73 As such, some functional studies of BRCA2 VUS have been based on heterologous expression of full-length BRCA2 variants in mouse ESCs using BACs.71 72 These studies, in the laboratory of Shyam Sharan, focused on VUS in the N-terminal PALB2-binding domain and the C-terminal DBD, where ...
http://jmg.bmj.com/content/54/11/721.full
Common variants at 12p11, 12q24, 9p21, 9q31.2 and in ZNF365 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2...Common variants at 12p11, 12q24, 9p21, 9q31.2 and in ZNF365 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2...
ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Several common alleles have been shown to be associated with breast and/or ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Recent genome-wide association studies of breast cancer have identified eight additional breast cancer susceptibility loci: rs1011970 (9p21, CDKN2A/B), rs10995190 (ZNF365), rs704010 (ZMIZ1), rs2380205 (10p15), rs614367 (11q13), rs1292011 (12q24), rs10771399 (12p11 near PTHLH) and rs865686 (9q31.2). METHODS: To evaluate whether these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, we genotyped these SNPs in 12599 BRCA1 and 7132 BRCA2 mutation carriers and analysed the associations with breast cancer risk within a retrospective likelihood framework. RESULTS: Only SNP rs10771399 near PTHLH was associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele Hazard Ratio (HR)= 0.87, 95%CI:0.81-0.94, P-trend=3x10^-4). The association was restricted to mutations proven or predicted to
https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00681614
Womens Care Consultants - Breast Cancer (BRCA) Gene TestWomens Care Consultants - Breast Cancer (BRCA) Gene Test
A breast cancer (BRCA) gene test is a blood test to check for specific changes (mutations) in genes that help control normal cell growth. Finding changes in these genes, called BRCA1 and BRCA2, can help determine your chance of developing breast cancer and ovarian cancer. A BRCA gene test does not test for cancer itself. This test is only done for people with a strong family history of breast cancer, ovarian cancer and sometimes for those who already have one of these diseases. Genetic counseling before and after a BRCA test is very important to help you understand the benefits, risks, and possible outcomes of the test.. A womans risk of breast and ovarian cancer is higher if she has BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes. Breast cancer is extremely rare in men but BRCA2 gene changes have been linked to male breast cancer and possibly prostate, may also be higher. The gene changes can be inherited from either your mothers or fathers side of the family.. Certain people have a higher chance of inheriting ...
http://stlwomenscareconsultants.com/services/gynecology/breast-cancer-brca-gene-test/
BRCA2 mutation increases mortality rate in prostate cancer | Feature | Pulse TodayBRCA2 mutation increases mortality rate in prostate cancer | Feature | Pulse Today
Men with prostate cancer who are carriers of the BRCA2 gene mutation have significantly increased mortality rates.. The study identified 938 families with the BRCA2 mutation, of which 277 (29.5%) contained one or more cases of prostate cancer, with a total of 434 cases. Of these, 67 men were found to carry the familial BRCA2 mutation and 116 were probable mutation carriers. A comparison group of men with the BRCA1 mutation was also identified. Of 1,735 families, 316 contained one or more cases of prostate cancer (18.2%), with a total of 457 cases. Of these, 37 carried the BRCA1 mutation and 82 men were probable carriers. The average age at diagnosis was similar for the two groups.. Survival analysis was performed to establish the overall survival of BRCA2 carriers with prostate cancer and relative survival compared with BRCA1 carriers. The median survival time was 4.0 years for the BRCA2 group compared with 8.0 years for the BRCA1 group, and the risk of mortality was found to be 70% greater in ...
http://www.pulsetoday.co.uk/brca2-mutation-increases-mortality-rate-in-prostate-cancer/10990642.article
BRCA1 and BRCA2 - SNPediaBRCA1 and BRCA2 - SNPedia
SNPedia currently contains 2606 BRCA1 SNPs and 3099 BRCA2 SNPs. Some of the variations in these genes are linked to Breast cancer and ovarian cancer, and other variations are benign. See also BRCA1 and BRCA2 for individual gene discussions and links. Microarray platforms used by DTC genomics testing companies such as FamilyTree DNA and 23andMe usually test a fraction of the known BRCA1 or BRCA2 SNPs, typically, the most common ones. While DTC genomics testing may lead to useful results, it is not a substitute for the full genetic panel testing or gene sequencing that may be warranted by a family history of breast cancer. The percent of known BRCA1 and BRCA2 syndrome disease-causing mutations that are tested by several companies is shown in the following table: ...
https://snpedia.com/index.php/BRCA1_and_BRCA2
p53 mediates repression of the BRCA2 promoter and down-regulation of BRCA2 mRNA and protein levels in response to DNA damage<...p53 mediates repression of the BRCA2 promoter and down-regulation of BRCA2 mRNA and protein levels in response to DNA damage<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - p53 mediates repression of the BRCA2 promoter and down-regulation of BRCA2 mRNA and protein levels in response to DNA damage. AU - Wu, Kangjian. AU - Jiang, Shi Wen. AU - Couch, Fergus J.. PY - 2003/5/2. Y1 - 2003/5/2. N2 - Adriamycin and other DNA-damaging agents have been shown to reduce BRCA2 mRNA levels in breast cancer cell lines, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. In this study, we show that adriamycin and mitomycin C, but not other DNA-damaging agents, repress BRCA2 promoter activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We demonstrate that the effect is dependent on wild type p53 and that adriamycin and p53 mediate repression of the BRCA2 promoter by inhibiting binding of an upstream stimulatory factor protein complex to the promoter. In addition, we present evidence indicating that adriamycin and other DNA-damaging agents reduce BRCA2 mRNA and protein levels by altering both BRCA2 mRNA stability and protein stability. Thus, BRCA2 levels in the cell are ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/p53-mediates-repression-of-the-brca2-promoter-and-down-regulation
A targeted analysis identifies a high frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers in women with ovarian cancer from a...A targeted analysis identifies a high frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers in women with ovarian cancer from a...
Our study reaffirms that specific BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations found previously to recur in French Canadian breast cancer and breast-ovarian cancer families, also recur in women with ovarian cancer not selected for family history of cancer. This is especially evident with the number of BRCA1:C4446T mutation carriers (n = 15) identified in this study, which has been the most commonly reported mutation identified in this population and this has been attributed to shared ancestry as a consequence of common founders [24,25,27-29,32,33]. This mutation was also the most common mutation found in our previous study of 74 women with serous and endometrioid ovarian cancers screened for specific BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations [36].. Our study also highlights the significance of the BRCA2:E3002K mutation in the French Canadian population. We found five E3002K mutation-positive carriers in the cohort of 439 women with ovarian cancer, which is similar in frequency to the number of carriers of each of the other three ...
https://ovarianresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13048-015-0124-8
Telomere length shows no association with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status - Danish National Research Database-Den Danske...Telomere length shows no association with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status - Danish National Research Database-Den Danske...
This study aimed to determine whether telomere length (TL) is a marker of cancer risk or genetic status amongst two cohorts of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and controls. The first group was a prospective set of 665 male BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and controls (mean age 53 years), all healthy at time of enrollment and blood donation, 21 of whom have developed prostate cancer whilst on study. The second group consisted of 283 female BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and controls (mean age 48 years), half of whom had been diagnosed with breast cancer prior to enrollment. TL was quantified by qPCR from DNA extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes. Weighted and unweighted Cox regressions and linear regression analyses were used to assess whether TL was associated with BRCA1/2 mutation status or cancer risk. We found no evidence for association between developing cancer or being a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carrier and telomere length. It is the first study investigating TL in a cohort of genetically ...
http://www.forskningsdatabasen.dk/catalog/259984191
Genetic testing in an ethnically diverse cohort of high-risk women: A comparative analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in...Genetic testing in an ethnically diverse cohort of high-risk women: A comparative analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Genetic testing in an ethnically diverse cohort of high-risk women. T2 - A comparative analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in American families of European and African ancestry. AU - Nanda, Rita. AU - Schumm, L. Philip. AU - Cummings, Shelly. AU - Fackenthal, James D.. AU - Sveen, Lise. AU - Ademuyiwa, Foluso. AU - Cobleigh, Melody. AU - Esserman, Laura. AU - Lindor, Noralane Morey. AU - Neuhausen, Susan L.. AU - Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.. PY - 2005/10/19. Y1 - 2005/10/19. N2 - Context: Ten years after BRCA1 and BRCA2 were first identified as major breast cancer susceptibility genes, the spectrum of mutations and modifiers of risk among many ethnic minorities remain undefined. Objectives: To characterize the clinical predictors, spectrum, and frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in an ethnically diverse high-risk clinic population and to evaluate the performance of the BRCAPRO statistical model in predicting the likelihood of a mutation. Design, Setting, and Participants: ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/genetic-testing-in-an-ethnically-diverse-cohort-of-high-risk-wome
Mutational spectrum in a worldwide study of 29,700 families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations | Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchMutational spectrum in a worldwide study of 29,700 families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations | Garvan Institute of Medical Research
The prevalence and spectrum of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been reported in single populations, with the majority of reports focused on White in Europe and North America. The Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA) has assembled data on 18,435 families with BRCA1 mutations and 11,351 families with BRCA2 mutations ascertained from 69 centers in 49 countries on six continents. This study comprehensively describes the characteristics of the 1,650 unique BRCA1 and 1,731 unique BRCA2 deleterious (disease-associated) mutations identified in the CIMBA database. We observed substantial variation in mutation type and frequency by geographical region and race/ethnicity. In addition to known founder mutations, mutations of relatively high frequency were identified in specific racial/ethnic or geographic groups that may reflect founder mutations and which could be used in targeted (panel) first pass genotyping for specific populations. Knowledge of the population-specific
https://www.garvan.org.au/research/collaborative-programs/circa/publications/14680
Nonequivalent Gene Expression and Copy Number Alterations in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers with BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations |...Nonequivalent Gene Expression and Copy Number Alterations in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers with BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations |...
Consistent with previous reports, we observed somatic or germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes associated with a large proportion of HGSC tumors, and these were almost completely mutually exclusive. Mutual exclusivity may reflect a functional equivalence of the mutations, in which there is no selective advantage to a tumor cell by possessing more than one defect in the BRCA pathway. Sensitivity to platinum-based therapy in the primary (28) and relapse setting (8), as well as significant responses to PARP inhibitors (29) are all consistent with the notion of a shared BRCAness phenotype of tumors arising in BRCA1/2 carriers (30). However, recent evidence points to important clinical and pathologic differences in the behavior of tumors arising in women with BRCA1 compared with BRCA2 mutations.. Although both genes encode proteins that participate in the HRR pathway, BRCA1 has both an earlier and wider role in DNA damage response (31-33) and additional cellular functions, including ...
https://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/19/13/3474?ijkey=cd7835ea1f45a1ca1fb099f0b4ad4fb0fad65c77&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
hCds1 phosphorylates BRCA1 after DNA damage | Breast Cancer Research | Full TexthCds1 phosphorylates BRCA1 after DNA damage | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text
Ataxia-telangiectasia mutation (ATM) has previously been shown to be necessary for the phosphorylation of BRCA1 to occur in response to gamma-irradiation, and capable of directly phosphorylating BRCA1 in vitro (see additional information). This paper indicates that ATM can also cause the phosphorylation of BRCA1 by activating the hCds1/CHK2 kinase, for which BRCA1 is a substrate. Phosphorylation of BRCA1 in response to other genotoxins appears to be independent of ATM (Scully et al, Cell 1997, 90: 425-435 [Abstract]). ATM-independent activation of hCds1/CHK2 may explain how some of these other genotoxins cause BRCA1 phosphorylation.. The ATM-hCds1/CHK2-BRCA1 DNA damage response pathway is clearly important for tumour suppression since heterozygous carriers of mutant BRCA1, ATM and hCds1/hCHK2 genes (see additional information) have all been reported to be predisposed to breast cancer. ...
https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/bcr-2000-66667
Interactions between human BRCA2 protein and the meiosis‐specific recombinase DMC1 | The EMBO JournalInteractions between human BRCA2 protein and the meiosis‐specific recombinase DMC1 | The EMBO Journal
In this work, we have demonstrated that human BRCA2 is capable of binding the meiosis‐specific recombinase DMC1 via two different binding sites. The first is located at the C terminus of BRCA2 and corresponds to the region also bound by RAD51 protein. The second, however, represents the primary DMC1 interaction domain located within the relatively uncharacterised central part of BRCA2, contained within B2‐6. Using yeast two‐hybrid assays, pull‐down experiments, and peptide arrays, we defined this interaction domain to the region corresponding to BRCA22386-2411. Within this region, we showed the critical importance of Phe2406, Pro2408, and Pro2409 located in the conserved motif KVFVPPFK, and for simplicity will refer to this DMC1 interaction domain as the PhePP motif.. The PhePP motif of BRCA2 interacts specifically with DMC1, and not with RAD51. The importance of the region is indicated by its conservation in different mammalian species and in chicken BRCA2. This DMC1 interaction domain, ...
http://emboj.embopress.org/content/26/12/2915
The BRCA2 gene product functionally interacts with p53 and RAD51 | PNASThe BRCA2 gene product functionally interacts with p53 and RAD51 | PNAS
Abnormalities caused by targeted disruption of the Brca2 gene include increased sensitivity to DNA damage induced by ionizing irradiation, UV light, and other genotoxic agents (27, 33, 34). The accumulation of double-strand DNA breaks and chromosomal abnormalities combined with the lack of obvious checkpoint or apoptotic response abnormalities in Brca2 mutant cells have implied a role of BRCA2 in DNA repair (33, 34). Recent findings that BRCA2 and RAD51 interact in vitro have suggested further that BRCA2 may be involved in RAD51-mediated repair pathways (27, 35, 36). In this study, we identified the BRCA2 gene product as a 460-kDa nuclear phosphoprotein that forms a complex with RAD51 in vivo. While this manuscript was in preparation, Chen et al. (44) reported detection of BRCA2 as a nuclear protein, consistent with our findings. They also reported detection of immunocomplexes containing BRCA2 and RAD51 (44). Our findings established that a major fraction of endogenous RAD51 is associated with ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/95/23/13869?ijkey=249853e1996c8c766d227ab496ebb9eb3340bc44&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Screening for PALB2 mutations in South African women with BRCA negative familial breast cancerScreening for PALB2 mutations in South African women with BRCA negative familial breast cancer
PALB2 (Partner and Localizer of BRCA2) plays a key role in the repair of damaged DNA by localizing BRCA2 and initiating the repair process. The gene has been recognized as a third breast cancer (BC) predisposition gene, together with BRCA1 and BRCA2. The absolute risk for the development of BC for mutation carriers with a familial predisposition, represents 58% at 50 years of age, similar to that of BRCA2. Although germline loss-of-function PALB2 mutations is rare, the mutation spectrum internationally and in South African (SA) is still unknown. Eighty-six SA breast- and/or ovarian cancer (OVC) patients were selected. Patients had to be affected with either breast- and/or OVC, have a positive family history of BC (two or more affected family members, excluding the index), tested negative for pathogenic mutations in BRCA1/2, represent one of the four main SA ethnic groups and had sufficient amounts of good quality DNA stored to complete a comprehensive screen of the entire gene. The complete ...
https://scholar.ufs.ac.za/xmlui/handle/11660/8689
DNA repair-related functional assays for the classification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants: a critical review and needs assessment...DNA repair-related functional assays for the classification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants: a critical review and needs assessment...
Mutation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 is the most common cause of inherited breast and ovarian cancer. Genetic screens to detect carriers of variants can aid in cancer prevention by identifying individuals with a greater cancer risk and can potentially be used to predict the responsiveness of tumours to therapy. Frequently, classification cannot be performed based on traditional approaches such as segregation analyses, including for many missense variants, which are therefore referred to as variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Functional assays provide an important alternative for classification of BRCA1 and BRCA2 VUS. As reviewed here, both of these tumour suppressors promote the maintenance of genome stability via homologous recombination. Thus, related assays may be particularly relevant to cancer risk. Progress in implementing functional assays to assess missense variants of BRCA1 and BRCA2 is considered here, along with current limitations and the path to more impactful assay systems. While ...
http://jmg.bmj.com/content/early/2017/09/02/jmedgenet-2017-104707.full
Cancers | Free Full-Text | BRCA1 and Oxidative Stress | HTMLCancers | Free Full-Text | BRCA1 and Oxidative Stress | HTML
The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) has been well established as a tumor suppressor and functions primarily by maintaining genome integrity. Genome stability is compromised when cells are exposed to oxidative stress. Increasing evidence suggests that BRCA1 regulates oxidative stress and this may be another mechanism in preventing carcinogenesis in normal cells. Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is implicated in carcinogenesis and is used strategically to treat human cancer. Thus, it is essential to understand the function of BRCA1 in oxidative stress regulation. In this review, we briefly summarize BRCA1s many binding partners and mechanisms, and discuss data supporting the function of BRCA1 in oxidative stress regulation. Finally, we consider its significance in prevention and/or treatment of BRCA1-related cancers.
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/2/771/htm
Cancers | Free Full-Text | BRCA1 and Oxidative StressCancers | Free Full-Text | BRCA1 and Oxidative Stress
The breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) has been well established as a tumor suppressor and functions primarily by maintaining genome integrity. Genome stability is compromised when cells are exposed to oxidative stress. Increasing evidence suggests that BRCA1 regulates oxidative stress and this may be another mechanism in preventing carcinogenesis in normal cells. Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is implicated in carcinogenesis and is used strategically to treat human cancer. Thus, it is essential to understand the function of BRCA1 in oxidative stress regulation. In this review, we briefly summarize BRCA1s many binding partners and mechanisms, and discuss data supporting the function of BRCA1 in oxidative stress regulation. Finally, we consider its significance in prevention and/or treatment of BRCA1-related cancers.
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/6/2/771
Does tumorigenesis select for or against mutations of the DNA repair-associated genes BRCA2 and MRE11?: Considerations from...Does tumorigenesis select for or against mutations of the DNA repair-associated genes BRCA2 and MRE11?: Considerations from...
The BRCA2 and MRE11 proteins participate in the repair of double-strand DNA breaks by homologous recombination. Germline BRCA2 mutations predispose to ovarian, breast and pancreatic cancer, while a germline MRE11 mutation is associated with an ataxia telangiectasia-like disorder. Somatic mutations of BRCA2 are rare in typical sporadic cancers. In tumors having microsatellite instability (MSI), somatic truncating mutations in a poly [A] tract of BRCA2 are reported on occasion. We analyzed gastrointestinal MSI cancers by whole gene BRCA2 sequencing, finding heterozygous truncating mutations in seven (47%) of 15 patients. There was no cellular functional defect in RAD51 focus-formation in three heterozygously mutated lines studied, although other potential functions of the BRCA2 protein could still be affected. A prior report of mutations in primary MSI tumors affecting the IVS5-(5-15) poly [T] tract of the MRE11 gene was confirmed and extended by analysis of the genomic sequence and protein expression in
https://bmcgenet.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2156-7-3
Association of BRCA1 with the hRad50-hMre11-p95 Complex and the DNA Damage Response | ScienceAssociation of BRCA1 with the hRad50-hMre11-p95 Complex and the DNA Damage Response | Science
To explore the relation of BRCA1 to these foci, we assayed, for IRIF (17), HCC1937 cells that express a COOH-terminally truncated BRCA1 protein (19). BRCA1 foci were diminished in these cells, and the nuclear staining of BRCA1 was homogenous, albeit much dimmer, in HCC1937 cells regardless of treatment (Fig. 3B). Interestingly, hRad50, hMre11, and p95 IRIF were dramatically reduced in HCC1937 cells. Most of the irradiated cells displayed a diffuse nuclear pattern of hRad50, hMre11, or p95 immunostaining similar to that seen in untreated HCC1937 cells. In contrast, IRIF that were positive for hRad51 antibodies were readily and efficiently detected in both T24 and HCC1937 cells (Fig. 3B).. In addition to BRCA1 mutation, HCC1937 also harbors many other genetic changes (19). To determine whether the BRCA1 deficiency was responsible for the defect in IRIF formation, we transiently transfected hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged wild-type BRCA1 into HCC1937 cells and irradiated cells 40 hours later. Of the ...
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/285/5428/747?ijkey=9cceaea2bf5af3639327cfacab13dcaf7ab00f4c&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Cancer and The BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene - The Fight For Our BodiesCancer and The BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene - The Fight For Our Bodies
A womans lifetime chance of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer is greatly increased if she inherits an altered BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene. Women with an inherited alteration in one of these genes have an increased risk of developing these cancers at a young age (before menopause), and often have multiple close family members with the disease. These women may also have an increased chance of developing colon cancer. Men with an altered BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene also have an increased risk of breast cancer (primarily if the alteration is in BRCA2), and possibly prostate cancer. Alterations in the BRCA2 gene have also been associated with an increased risk of lymphoma, melanoma, and cancers of the pancreas, gallbladder, bile duct, and stomach in some men and women.. According to estimates of lifetime risk, about 13.2 percent (132 out of 1,000 individuals) of women in the general population will develop breast cancer, compared with estimates of 36 to 85 percent (360-850 out of 1,000) of women with an ...
http://ignoremelikeyoumeanit.blogspot.com/2009/05/cancer-and-brca1-and-brca2-gene-fight.html
Efficacy versus effectiveness of clinical genetic testing criteria for BRCA1 and BRCA2 hereditary mutations in incident breast...Efficacy versus effectiveness of clinical genetic testing criteria for BRCA1 and BRCA2 hereditary mutations in incident breast...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Efficacy versus effectiveness of clinical genetic testing criteria for BRCA1 and BRCA2 hereditary mutations in incident breast cancer. AU - Nilsson, Martin P.. AU - Winter, Christof. AU - Kristoffersson, Ulf. AU - Rehn, Martin. AU - Larsson, Christer. AU - Saal, Lao H.. AU - Loman, Niklas. PY - 2017/4. Y1 - 2017/4. N2 - Increasing evidence supports the benefit of identifying BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in early breast cancer. Selection of patients for genetic testing is based on defined criteria taking individual and family history related factors into account. It is important to make a distinction between efficacy and effectiveness of BRCA testing criteria. Efficacy can be defined as the performance under ideal circumstances, whereas effectiveness refers to its real life performance. To allow for an unbiased and detailed evaluation of efficacy and effectiveness of the Swedish BRCA testing criteria, we retrospectively analyzed a prospectively collected cohort of 273 breast ...
https://portal.research.lu.se/portal/sv/publications/efficacy-versus-effectiveness-of-clinical-genetic-testing-criteria-for-brca1-and-brca2-hereditary-mutations-in-incident-breast-cancer
BRCA1 mutations in primary breast and ovarian carcinomasBRCA1 mutations in primary breast and ovarian carcinomas
Loss of heterozygosity data from familial tumors suggest that BRCA1, a gene that confers susceptibility to ovarian and early-onset breast cancer, encodes a tumor suppressor. The BRCA1 region is also subject to allelic loss in sporadic breast and ovarian cancers, an indication that BRCA1 mutations may occur somatically in these tumors. The BRCA1 coding region was examined for mutations in primary breast and ovarian tumors that show allele loss at the BRCA1 locus. Mutations were detected in 3 of 32 breast and 1 of 12 ovarian carcinomas; all four mutations were germline alterations and occurred in early-onset cancers. These results suggest that mutation of BRCA1 may not be critical in the development of the majority of breast and ovarian cancers that arise in the absence of a mutant germline allele ...
http://www.meb.uni-bonn.de/cgi-bin/mycite?ExtRef=MEDL/95025878/PMID/7939630
BRCA1 185delAG mutant protein, BRAt, amplifies caspase-mediated apopto by Joshua D. ODonnellBRCA1 185delAG mutant protein, BRAt, amplifies caspase-mediated apopto by Joshua D. ODonnell
Ovarian cancer is a deadly disease that kills an estimated 15,000 women annually in the United States. It is estimated that approximately 10% of ovarian cancers are due to familial inheritance. The most commonly mutated genes in familial ovarian cancer are BRCA1 and BRCA2. It has been reported that cells carrying the BRCA1 185delAG mutation undergo an enhanced caspase-3 mediated apoptotic response. Here, we report on the transfection of cDNA coding for the putative truncated protein product of the BRCA1 185delAG mutant gene into BRCA1 wild-type human immortalized ovarian surface epithelial (IOSE) cells and ovarian cancer cells. Cells transfected with the BRCA1 185delAG truncation protein (BRAt) showed increased levels of active caspase 3, increased cleavage of caspase 3 substrates, PARP and DFF45, and decreased XIAP and cIAP1 following staurosporine (STS) treatment. BRAt also reduced Akt phosphorylation and over expression of activated Akt in BRAt cells restored caspase-3 activity to that seen in wild
http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/433/
Impairment of BRCA1-Related DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Leads to Ovarian Aging in Mice and Humans | Science Translational...Impairment of BRCA1-Related DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Leads to Ovarian Aging in Mice and Humans | Science Translational...
The underlying mechanism behind age-induced wastage of the human ovarian follicle reserve is unknown. We identify impaired ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated)-mediated DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair as a cause of aging in mouse and human oocytes. We show that DSBs accumulate in primordial follicles with age. In parallel, expression of key DNA DSB repair genes BRCA1, MRE11, Rad51, and ATM, but not BRCA2, declines in single mouse and human oocytes. In Brca1-deficient mice, reproductive capacity was impaired, primordial follicle counts were lower, and DSBs were increased in remaining follicles with age relative to wild-type mice. Furthermore, oocyte-specific knockdown of Brca1, MRE11, Rad51, and ATM expression increased DSBs and reduced survival, whereas Brca1 overexpression enhanced both parameters. Likewise, ovarian reserve was impaired in young women with germline BRCA1 mutations compared to controls as determined by serum concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone. These data implicate DNA ...
https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/5/172/172ra21?keytype=ref&siteid=scitransmed&ijkey=rzrUk79Z681Cs
BRCA1 as Target for Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy | Bentham ScienceBRCA1 as Target for Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy | Bentham Science
Title:BRCA1 as Target for Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy. VOLUME: 15 ISSUE: 1. Author(s):Alberto P.G. Romagnolo, Donato F. Romagnolo and Ornella I. Selmin. Affiliation:University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N. Campbell, Room 3999A, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.. Keywords:Breast Cancer, BRCA1, diet, gene regulation, prevention, therapy.. Abstract:The Breast Cancer 1 protein (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor involved in basic cellular functions necessary for cell replication and DNA synthesis, but reduced expression of BRCA1, due to mutations or epigenetic inactivation, leads to impaired mammary gland differentiation and increased risk of breast cancer development. Although BRCA1 acts as a tumor suppressor and is present in all cells, where it is essential for the maintenance of the genome integrity, it is still not clear why mutations in the BRCA1 gene predispose to breast and ovarian, but not to other types of cancer. In the first part of this review, we briefly discuss the function and regulation ...
https://www.eurekaselect.com/125466/article?tracking-code=4
Pancreatic Cancer and BRCA Gene | Columbia University Department of SurgeryPancreatic Cancer and BRCA Gene | Columbia University Department of Surgery
Data from the National Cancer Institute, http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet#q1.. ** Julia Carnevale and Alan Ashworth. Assessing the Significance of BRCA1and BRCA2 Mutations in Pancreatic Cancer. Published online before print May 18, 2015, doi:10.1200/JCO.2015.61.6961JCO May 18, 2015, http://jco.ascopubs.org/content/early/2015/05/18/JCO.2015.61.6961.full.. Couch FJ, Johnson MR, Rabe KG, et al. (2007) The prevalence of BRCA2 mutations in familial pancreatic cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:342-346.. Hahn SA, Greenhalf B, Ellis I, et al. (2003) BRCA2 germline mutations in familial pancreatic carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst95:214-221.. Murphy KM, Brune KA, Griffin C, et al. (2002) Evaluation of candidate genes MAP2K4, MADH4, ACVR1B, and BRCA2 in familial pancreatic cancer: Deleterious BRCA2 mutations in 17%.Cancer Res 62:3789-3793.. Lucas, A.L., Shakya, R., Lipsyc, M.D., Mitchel, E.B., Kumar, S., Hwang, C., Deng, L., Devoe, C., Chabot, J.A., ...
http://columbiasurgery.org/pancreas/pancreatic-cancer-and-brca-gene
Secondary BRCA1 Mutations in BRCA1-Mutated Ovarian Carcinomas with Platinum Resistance | Cancer ResearchSecondary BRCA1 Mutations in BRCA1-Mutated Ovarian Carcinomas with Platinum Resistance | Cancer Research
LOH of three intragenic BRCA1 SNPs (2201C/T, 2430T/C, and 2731C/T) that flank the mutation site was confirmed in both the primary and recurrent tumors ( Fig. 3A and B, and data not shown), indicating that contamination by nontumor cells was negligible and that both the primary and recurrent tumors had lost one BRCA1 allele. Intriguingly, in the primary tumor, both wild-type BRCA1 sequence and BRCA1 sequence with 2594delC were detected ( Fig. 3A and B). Careful laser microdissection of a separate second sample of this tumor revealed the same result. The presence of both wild-type BRCA1 sequence and mutant sequence on one allele in the primary tumor suggests that genetic reversion (back mutation to wild-type) occurred on one copy of the mutant allele. We speculate that the presence of the genetically reverted wild-type allele in the primary tumor contributed to the unusual initial platinum resistance of this tumor. The selective pressure for the genetically reverted tumor cells in the primary ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/68/8/2581.long
Interplay between BRCA1 and RHAMM regulates epithelial apicobasal polarization and may influence risk of breast cancer.Interplay between BRCA1 and RHAMM regulates epithelial apicobasal polarization and may influence risk of breast cancer.
Differentiated mammary epithelium shows apicobasal polarity, and loss of tissue organization is an early hallmark of breast carcinogenesis. In BRCA1 mutation carriers, accumulation of stem and progenitor cells in normal breast tissue and increased risk of developing tumors of basal-like type suggest that BRCA1 regulates stem/progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the function of BRCA1 in this process and its link to carcinogenesis remain unknown. Here we depict a molecular mechanism involving BRCA1 and RHAMM that regulates apicobasal polarity and, when perturbed, may increase risk of breast cancer. Starting from complementary genetic analyses across families and populations, we identified common genetic variation at the low-penetrance susceptibility HMMR locus (encoding for RHAMM) that modifies breast cancer risk among BRCA1, but probably not BRCA2, mutation carriers: n = 7,584, weighted hazard ratio ((w)HR) = 1.09 (95% CI 1.02-1.16), p(trend) = 0.017; and n = 3,965, (w)HR = 1.04
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00706872
A BRCA2 mutation incorrectly mapped in the original BRCA2 reference sequence, is a common West Danish founder mutation...A BRCA2 mutation incorrectly mapped in the original BRCA2 reference sequence, is a common West Danish founder mutation...
article{81b520fa-fde6-40e1-9977-b09909f3e717, abstract = {Inherited mutations in the tumor suppressor genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 predispose carriers to breast and ovarian cancer. The authors have identified a mutation in BRCA2, 7845+1G > A (c.7617+1G > A), not previously regarded as deleterious because of incorrect mapping of the splice junction in the originally published genomic reference sequence. This reference sequence is generally used in many laboratories and it maps the mutation 16 base pairs inside intron 15. However, according to the recent reference sequences the mutation is located in the consensus donor splice sequence. By reverse transcriptase analysis, loss of exon 15 in the final transcript interrupting the open reading frame was demonstrated. Furthermore, the mutation segregates with a cancer phenotype in 18 Danish families. By genetic analysis of more than 3,500 Danish breast/ovarian cancer risk families, the mutation was identified as the most common BRCA2 mutation in West ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/81b520fa-fde6-40e1-9977-b09909f3e717
Journal of Biosciences | Indian Academy of SciencesJournal of Biosciences | Indian Academy of Sciences
Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes profoundly increase the risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer among women. To explore the contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in the development of hereditary breast cancer among Indian women, we carried out mutation analysis of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in 61 breast or ovarian cancer patients from south India with a positive family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer. Mutation analysis was carried out using conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE) followed by sequencing. Mutations were identified in 17 patients (28.0%); 15 (24.6%) had BRCA1 mutations and two (3.28%) had BRCA2 mutations. While no specific association between BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations with cancer type was seen, mutations were more often seen in families with ovarian cancer. While 40% (4/10) and 30.8% (4/12) of families with ovarian or breast and ovarian cancer had mutations, only 23.1% (9/39) of families with breast cancer carried mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 ...
http://www.ias.ac.in/listing/articles/jbsc/034/03
Increasing BRCA testing rates in young women with breast cancer. ecancer - NewsIncreasing BRCA testing rates in young women with breast cancer. ecancer - News
11 Feb 2016. Rates of genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations have increased among women diagnosed with breast cancer at age 40 or younger, according to an article published online by JAMA Oncology.. Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women younger than 40 in the United States.. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend women diagnosed with breast cancer at 50 or younger undergo genetic testing because carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are at increased risk for developing early-onset breast cancer.. Assessing a young womens genetic risk after a breast cancer diagnosis can have implications for subsequent treatment decisions.. Ann H. Partridge, M.D., M.P.H., of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and coauthors described the use of BRCA testing in a group of women diagnosed with breast cancer at 40 or younger and examined how concerns about genetic risk and genetic information affected treatment decisions.. The study included 897 women 40 and ...
http://ecancer.org/news/8708-increasing-brca-testing-rates-in-young-women-with-breast-cancer.php
BCCIPBCCIP
BRCA2 and CDKN1A-interacting protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCCIP gene. This gene product was isolated ... 2005). "The BRCA2-interacting protein BCCIP functions in RAD51 and BRCA2 focus formation and homologous recombinational repair ... "Entrez Gene: BCCIP BRCA2 and CDKN1A interacting protein". Phillips-Mason PJ, Mourton T, Major DL, Brady-Kalnay SM (2008). " ... Functional studies indicate that this protein may be an important cofactor for BRCA2 in tumor suppression, and a modulator of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCCIP
RAD51RAD51
This protein can interact with the ssDNA-binding protein RPA, BRCA2, PALB2 and RAD52. The structural basis for Rad51 filament ... "Analysis of murine Brca2 reveals conservation of protein-protein interactions but differences in nuclear localization signals ... This protein is also found to interact with PALB2 and BRCA2, which may be important for the cellular response to DNA damage. ... BRCA2 is shown to regulate both the intracellular localization and DNA-binding ability of this protein. Loss of these controls ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAD51
Michael StrattonMichael Stratton
... which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility gene". Nature Genetics. 39 (2): 165-7. doi:10.1038 ... "The BRC repeats are conserved in mammalian BRCA2 proteins". Human Molecular Genetics. 6 (1): 53-8. doi:10.1093/hmg/6.1.53. PMID ... In 1994, he assembled a research group that localised BRCA2, a major breast cancer susceptibility gene that repairs chromosomal ... Using genetic linkage studies and positional cloning, he mapped and isolated the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2 and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Stratton
Institute of Cancer ResearchInstitute of Cancer Research
"The BRC repeats are conserved in mammalian BRCA2 proteins". Human Molecular Genetics. 6 (1): 53-8. doi:10.1093/hmg/6.1.53. PMID ... "BRCA2 mutations in primary breast and ovarian cancers". Nature Genetics. 13 (2): 238-40. doi:10.1038/ng0696-238. PMID 8640235. ... In 1994 an ICR team led by Michael Stratton discovered the gene BRCA2, which has been linked to breast cancer, prostate cancer ... BRCA2, to chromosome 13q12-13". Science. 265 (5181): 2088-2090. doi:10.1126/science.8091231. PMID 8091231. Roth, S; Kristo, P; ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research
BRCA1BRCA1
The BRCA2 protein, which has a function similar to that of BRCA1, also interacts with the RAD51 protein. By influencing DNA ... "Analysis of murine Brca2 reveals conservation of protein-protein interactions but differences in nuclear localization signals ... BRCA1 and BRCA2 are unrelated proteins, but both are normally expressed in the cells of breast and other tissue, where they ... BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been described as "breast cancer susceptibility genes" and "breast cancer susceptibility proteins". The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRCA1
Alan AshworthAlan Ashworth
"The BRC repeats are conserved in mammalian BRCA2 proteins". Human Molecular Genetics. 6 (1): 53-8. doi:10.1093/hmg/6.1.53. PMID ... He was a key part of the team that in 1995 discovered the BRCA2 gene, which is linked to an increased risk of some types of ... Ten years later, Ashworth identified a way to exploit genetic weaknesses in cancer cells including mutated BRCA 1 or BRCA2, ... "BRCA2 mutations in primary breast and ovarian cancers". Nature Genetics. 13 (2): 238-40. doi:10.1038/ng0696-238. PMID 8640235. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Ashworth
DMC1 (gene)DMC1 (gene)
Thorslund T, Esashi F, West SC (2007). "Interactions between human BRCA2 protein and the meiosis-specific recombinase DMC1". ... The protein has also been shown to bind Tid1(Rdh54), Mei5/Sae3, and Hop2/Mnd1. All of these interacting proteins act to enhance ... Meiotic recombination protein Dmc1 is a homolog of the bacterial strand exchange protein RecA. Dmc1 plays the central role in ... Meiotic recombination protein DMC1/LIM15 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DMC1 gene. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMC1_(gene)
FANCGFANCG
"Direct interaction of the Fanconi anaemia protein FANCG with BRCA2/FANCD1". Hum. Mol. Genet. 12 (19): 2503-10. doi:10.1093/hmg/ ... Fanconi anemia group G protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FANCG gene. FANCG, involved in Fanconi anemia, ... Activated FANCD2 protein co-localizes with BRCA1 (breast cancer susceptibility protein) at ionizing radiation-induced foci and ... Gordon SM, Buchwald M (July 2003). "Fanconi anemia protein complex: mapping protein interactions in the yeast 2- and 3-hybrid ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FANCG
PCID2PCID2
... a cell division checkpoint protein. This protein also interacts with and stabilizes Brca2 (breast cancer 2) protein. ... PCI domain containing 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PCID2 gene. This gene encodes a component of the TREX-2 ... This protein regulates expression of Mad2 mitotic arrest deficient-like 1, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCID2
PALB2PALB2
This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits ... Partner and localizer of BRCA2, also known as PALB2 or FANCN, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PALB2 gene. This ... February 2007). "PALB2, which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility gene". Nature Genetics. 39 ... October 2010). "Cooperation of breast cancer proteins PALB2 and piccolo BRCA2 in stimulating homologous recombination". Nature ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PALB2
HMG20BHMG20B
Wang C, McCarty IM, Balazs L, Li Y, Steiner MS (July 2002). "Cloning a cDNA encoding an alternatively spliced protein of BRCA2- ... Lee YM, Kim W (September 2003). "Association of human kinesin superfamily protein member 4 with BRCA2-associated factor 35". ... Lee YM, Kim W (September 2003). "Association of human kinesin superfamily protein member 4 with BRCA2-associated factor 35". ... "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173-8. doi:10.1038/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMG20B
KIF4AKIF4A
Lee YM, Kim W (Sep 2003). "Association of human kinesin superfamily protein member 4 with BRCA2-associated factor 35". The ... "Association of human kinesin superfamily protein member 4 with BRCA2-associated factor 35". The Biochemical Journal. 374 (Pt 2 ... Tang Y, Winkler U, Freed EO, Torrey TA, Kim W, Li H, Goff SP, Morse HC (Dec 1999). "Cellular motor protein KIF-4 associates ... Sekine Y, Okada Y, Noda Y, Kondo S, Aizawa H, Takemura R, Hirokawa N (Oct 1994). "A novel microtubule-based motor protein (KIF4 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KIF4A
PARP inhibitorPARP inhibitor
BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 are proteins that are important for the repair of double-strand DNA breaks by the error-free homologous ... 2010). "Cooperation of breast cancer proteins PALB2 and piccolo BRCA2 in stimulating homologous recombination". Nature ... PARP1 is a protein that is important for repairing single-strand breaks ('nicks' in the DNA). If such nicks persist unrepaired ... When the gene for one of these proteins is mutated, the change can lead to errors in DNA repair that can eventually cause ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PARP_inhibitor
SNAI2SNAI2
"Regulation of BRCA2 gene expression by the SLUG repressor protein in human breast cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. ... The encoded protein acts as a transcriptional repressor that binds to E-box motifs and is also likely to repress E-cadherin ... Zinc finger protein SNAI2 is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the SNAI2 gene. It promotes the ... This protein is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transitions and has antiapoptotic activity. It regulates differentiation and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAI2
BRCA1 - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livreBRCA1 - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre
Analysis of murine Brca2 reveals conservation of protein-protein interactions but differences in nuclear localization signals ... Daniel DC (2002). «Highlight: BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins in breast cancer». Microsc Res Tech. 59 (1): 68-83. PMID 12242698. doi: ... ubiquitin protein ligase binding. • transcription regulatory region DNA binding. • ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. • ... Structural consequences and effects on protein-protein interactions». J. Biol. Chem. 276 (44): 41399-406. PMID 11526114. doi: ...
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRCA1
AbcamAbcam
Milner was a postdoctoral researcher studying the newly discovered breast cancer protein BRCA2 in Kouzarides' Cambridge ... It supplies antibody related products such as immunoassays (e.g. SimpleStep ELISA Kits), peptides, proteins and protein ... Abcam is a producer, distributor and seller of protein research tools. The company was founded in 1998 by Jonathan Milner with ... United Kingdom that provided high-quality biochemical products that modulate the function of proteins for use in life science ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abcam
DHX32DHX32
... an evolutionarily conserved nuclear protein that interacts with BRCA2". Oncogene. 20 (3): 336-45. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204098. ... DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated ... Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this DEAD box protein family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis ... 2007). "Altered distribution of heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) with dysregulated expression of DHX32". Exp. Mol. Pathol. 82 (3 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHX32
SHFM1SHFM1
"Interaction between the product of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2 and DSS1, a protein functionally conserved from ... "Interaction between the product of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2 and DSS1, a protein functionally conserved from ... "BRCA2 function in DNA binding and recombination from a BRCA2-DSS1-ssDNA structure". Science. 297 (5588): 1837-48. Bibcode: ... "BRCA2 function in DNA binding and recombination from a BRCA2-DSS1-ssDNA structure". Science. 297 (5588): 1837-48. Bibcode: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHFM1
B. J. RaoB. J. Rao
... the biochemical mechanism of regulation of homologous recombination by tumour suppressors such as P53 and BRCA2 proteins. Other ... Rao and his collaborators of Genome Dynamics Lab are interested in mapping and understanding the promiscuity scores of protein ... His areas of specializations are molecular basis of genome dynamics, computational biology of genomes and protein active sites ... Computational Biology: Computational Genomics of organellar genomes; Computational analyses of protein active site geometry, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._J._Rao
BRCA1BRCA1
The BRCA2 protein, which has a function similar to that of BRCA1, also interacts with the RAD51 protein. By influencing DNA ... Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRCA1 (/ˌbrækəˈwʌn/) gene.[5] ... BRCA1 and BRCA2 are unrelated proteins,[10] but both are normally expressed in the cells of breast and other tissue, where they ... "Analysis of murine Brca2 reveals conservation of protein-protein interactions but differences in nuclear localization signals ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRCA1
Kum Kum KhannaKum Kum Khanna
... involved in regulation of final stage of cell cycle and have functionally characterized BRCA2 interacting protein, Centrobin. " ... she has made seminal discoveries in identifying single-stranded DNA binding proteins, hSSB1 and hSSB2 involved in DNA repair; a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kum_Kum_Khanna
Cancer biomarkerCancer biomarker
Other Examples of Biomarkers: Tumor Suppressors Lost in Cancer Examples: BRCA1, BRCA2 RNA Examples: mRNA, microRNA Proteins ... Li Y, Ye X, Liu J, Zha J, Pei L (January 2011). "Evaluation of EML4-ALK fusion proteins in non-small cell lung cancer using ... Mutant Proteins themselves detected by Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) have been reported to be the most specific biomarkers ... In many areas of medicine, biomarkers are limited to proteins identifiable or measurable in the blood or urine. However, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_biomarker
Basal-like carcinomaBasal-like carcinoma
June 2007). "Loss of nuclear BRCA1 protein staining in normal tissue cells derived from BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers". ... Abnormal expression of other BRCA1 related proteins such as Fanconi protein, Bloom syndrome protein, Rad50 can also be the ... The basal-like carcinoma is a recently proposed subtype of breast cancer defined by its gene expression and protein expression ... Although the molecular biology mechanisms for BRCA1 and BRCA2 are not understood very well, more and more evidence shows that ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal-like_carcinoma
Fanconi anemiaFanconi anemia
The core complex adds ubiquitin, a small protein that combines with BRCA2 in another cluster to repair DNA (see Figure ... that is detected by the FANCM protein. Following assembly, the protein core complex activates FANCL protein which acts as an E3 ... Recent studies have shown that eight of these proteins, FANCA, -B, -C, -E, -F, -G, -L and -M, assemble to form a core protein ... With a crippling mutation in any FA protein in the complex, DNA repair is much less effective, as shown by its response to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanconi_anemia
Corn smutCorn smut
... and Brh2 protein that is a streamlined version of the mammalian Breast Cancer 2 (BRCA2) protein. When any of these proteins is ... Corn smut contains much more protein than regular corn does. The amino acid lysine, of which corn contains very little, abounds ... It also contains more cholesterol reducing beta-glucens than oatmeal, and more protein than most of the mushroom family. The ... The fungus is mostly studied as model organism for host pathogen interaction and delivery of effectors protein Ustilago maydis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corn_smut
Ketan J. PatelKetan J. Patel
... where he contributed to the discovery that the BRCA2 protein functions in repairing damaged DNA. Patel eventually joined the ... "Involvement of Brca2 in DNA repair". Molecular Cell. 1 (3): 347-57. doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80035-0. PMID 9660919. CS1 maint ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketan_J._Patel
FANCD2FANCD2
... resulting in its localization to nuclear foci with other proteins (BRCA1 and BRCA2) involved in homology-directed DNA repair ( ... Fanconi anemia group D2 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FANCD2 gene. The Fanconi anemia complementation ... Gordon SM, Buchwald M (July 2003). "Fanconi anemia protein complex: mapping protein interactions in the yeast 2- and 3-hybrid ... Gordon SM, Buchwald M (July 2003). "Fanconi anemia protein complex: mapping protein interactions in the yeast 2- and 3-hybrid ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FANCD2
Replication protein A1Replication protein A1
"Interaction between BRCA2 and replication protein A is compromised by a cancer-predisposing mutation in BRCA2". Oncogene. 22 (1 ... Replication protein A Replication protein A2 Replication protein A3 Single-stranded binding protein GRCh38: Ensembl release 89 ... Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPA1 gene. Replication protein ... Amacker M, Hottiger M, Mossi R, Hübscher U (1997). "HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein and replication protein A influence the strand ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replication_protein_A1
CREB-binding proteinCREB-binding protein
"CBP-mediated post-translational N-glycosylation of BRCA2". International Journal of Oncology. 35 (2): 387-91. doi:10.3892/ijo_ ... CREB-binding protein, also known as CREBBP or CBP, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CREBBP gene. The CREB protein ... This protein acetylates both histone and non-histone proteins. This protein shares regions of very high sequence similarity ... CREB-binding protein has been shown to interact with: TF2, AR, AIRE, BRCA1, C-jun, CSK, Ccaat-enhancer-binding proteins, CDX2, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CREB-binding_protein
Platelet-derived growth factorPlatelet-derived growth factor
Binding proteins: IGFBP (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7). *Cleavage products/derivatives with unknown target: Glypromate (GPE, (1-3)IGF-1) ... a b Proto-Oncogene+Proteins+c-sis at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... Hannink M, Donoghue DJ (1989). "Structure and function of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and related proteins". Biochim ... The first engineered dominant negative protein was designed to inhibit PDGF [29] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet-derived_growth_factor
سرطان پروستات - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزادسرطان پروستات - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, important risk factors for ovarian cancer and breast cancer in women, have also been implicated ... The protein ZIP1 is responsible for the active transport of zinc into prostate cells. One of the zinc's important roles is to ... Prostate specific membrane antigen is a transmembrane carboxypeptidase and exhibits folate hydrolase activity.[75] This protein ... The absence of zinc is thought to occur via a silencing of the gene that produces the transporter protein ZIP1. ZIP1 is now ...
https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/سرطان_پروستات?match=en
p21p21
protein binding. • cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity. • ubiquitin protein ligase binding. • ... cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity. • protein kinase inhibitor activity. • protein kinase binding. • ... This article is about the p21Cip1 protein. For the p21/ras protein, see Ras (protein). For other uses, see P21 (disambiguation) ... protein stabilization. • positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity. • regulation of transcription from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P21
Introduction to geneticsIntroduction to genetics
However, if the alleles for a particular protein have different sequences and produce proteins that can't do their jobs, no ... such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, but not all of them. However, although some of the risk is genetic, the risk of this cancer is also ... Each type of protein is a specialist that only does one job, so if a cell needs to do something new, it must make a new protein ... determines what the protein does.[10] For example, some proteins have parts of their surface that perfectly match the shape of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_trait
Non-small-cell lung carcinomaNon-small-cell lung carcinoma
These people have been shown to be sensitized to certain medications which block the EGFR protein known as tyrosine kinase ... BRCA2, and XRCC5 in non-small cell lung cancer". Clin. Cancer Res. 13 (3): 832-8. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2694. PMID ... however certain aberrations will result in hyperactive forms of the protein. People with these mutations are more likely to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-small-cell_lung_carcinoma
Cell damageCell damage
Bernstein, C; Bernstein, H; Payne, CM; Garewal, H (2002). "DNA repair/pro-apoptotic dual-role proteins in five major DNA repair ... "Disruption of Brca2 increases the spontaneous mutation rate in vivo: synergism with ionizing radiation". EMBO Rep. 3 (3): 255- ... which trigger cell death through the cleaving of specific proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus.[11] The dying cells shrink and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_damage
CancerCancer
BRCA1, BRCA2 Breast, ovarian, pancreatic HNPCC, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS1, PMS2 Colon, uterine, small bowel, stomach, urinary ... "Negative regulation of BRCA1 gene expression by HMGA1 proteins accounts for the reduced BRCA1 protein levels in sporadic breast ... miRNAs do not code for proteins, but can "target" protein-coding genes and reduce their expression. ... An average cancer of the breast or colon can have about 60 to 70 protein-altering mutations, of which about three or four may ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_neoplasms
CDH1 (gene)CDH1 (gene)
protein binding. • ankyrin binding. • gamma-catenin binding. • beta-catenin binding. • GTPase activating protein binding. • ... Oneyama C, Nakano H, Sharma SV (March 2002). "UCS15A, a novel small molecule, SH3 domain-mediated protein-protein interaction ... Several proteins such as SNAI1/SNAIL,[58][59] ZFHX1B/SIP1,[60] SNAI2/SLUG,[61][62] TWIST1[63] and DeltaEF1[64] have been found ... identical protein binding. Cellular component. • cell-cell adherens junction. • apical junction complex. • trans-Golgi network ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDH1_
MicronucleusMicronucleus
Since assembly of kinetochore proteins at centromeres is affected by the methylation of cytosine and histone proteins, a ... BRCA2, and RAD51) result in a dysfunctional error-free homologous recombinational DNA repair pathway and causes the cell to ... irregularities in kinetochore proteins or their assembly, dysfunctional spindle apparatus, or flawed anaphase checkpoint genes. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micronuclei
Genetic recombinationGenetic recombination
The RAD51 protein is required for mitotic and meiotic recombination, whereas the DNA repair protein, DMC1, is specific to ... such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, increase the risk of cancer (see DNA repair-deficiency disorder). ... Techniques based on genetic recombination are also applied in protein engineering to develop new proteins of biological ... In the archaea, the ortholog of the bacterial RecA protein is RadA. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_recombination
Քաղցկեղ - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարանՔաղցկեղ - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարան
Negative regulation of BRCA1 gene expression by HMGA1 proteins accounts for the reduced BRCA1 protein levels in sporadic breast ... Disruption of Brca2 increases the spontaneous mutation rate in vivo: synergism with ionizing radiation»։ EMBO Reports 3 (3): ... 142,0 142,1 «The clinical management of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers»։ Current Oncology Reports 10 (1): 47-53։ January ... BRCA1 BRCA2. կրծքագեղձի, ձվարանների, ենթաստամոքսային գեղձի քաղցկեղ HNPCC, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS1, PMS2. հաստ աղու, միզապարկի, ...
https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Քաղցկեղ
PARP1, a enciclopedia librePARP1, a enciclopedia libre
Interacción con BRCA1 e BRCA2[editar , editar a fonte]. Tanto BRCA1 coma BRCA2 son polo menos parcialmente necesarios para que ... Morgan HE, Jefferson LS, Wolpert EB, Rannels DE (Apr 1971). "Regulation of protein synthesis in heart muscle. II. Effect of ... As células que son deficientes en BRCA1 ou BRCA2 son moi sensibles á inhibición da PARP1 ou ao seu knock-down, o que ten como ... Moitos cancros de mama teñen defectos na vía de reparación recombinacional homóloga de BRCA1/BRCA2 debido a mutacións en BRCA1 ...
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PARP1
BRCA mutationBRCA mutation
Further information: BRCA1 and BRCA2. Women with deleterious mutations in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes have a high risk of ... Both genes produce proteins that help repair damaged DNA, keeping the genetic material of the cell stable. A damaged BRCA gene ... BRCA1 and BRCA2 at Lab Tests Online. *BRCA Exchange, large database of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants with pathogenicity ... isolated and sequenced the BRCA2 gene and identified key mutations, and the first BRCA2 patent was filed in the U.S. by Myriad ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRCA_mutation
புற்று நோய் - தமிழ் விக்கிப்பீடியாபுற்று நோய் - தமிழ் விக்கிப்பீடியா
சில மரபுசார்ந்த திசுமரபு பிறழ்வுகள் BRCA1 மற்றும் BRCA2 வகையான உயிரணுக்களில் அதிக அளவிலான மார்பக புற்றுநோய் மற்றும் முட்டையகப் ... Retinoblastoma protein) அல்லது புற்று நோய் வரமால் தடுக்கும் மரபணுவில் (p53) ஏற்படும் பிறழ்வுகளினால் உயிரணு பிரிதல் ... இறுதியாக,BRCA1 மற்றும் BRCA2 வில் ஏற்படும் மரபுரிமை பிறழ்வுகள் விரைவாக மார்பக புற்றுநோய் தொடக்கத்திற்கு வித்திடும். ...
https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/புற்றுநோய்
Chromosomal crossoverChromosomal crossover
One such particular protein complex that is conserved between processes is RAD51, a well conserved recombinase protein that has ... Such genes include mei-41, mei-9, hdm, spnA, and brca2.[5] This large group of conserved genes between processes supports the ... Mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, for instance, are a well-known regulatory family of proteins, responsible for regulating ... The MSH4 and MSH5 proteins form a hetero-oligomeric structure (heterodimer) in yeast and humans.[16][17][18] In the yeast ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosomal_crossover
RET proto-oncogeneRET proto-oncogene
protein kinase activity. • kinase activity. • protein binding. • protein tyrosine kinase activity. • ATP binding. • Ras guanyl- ... membrane protein proteolysis. • phosphorylation. • transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway. • positive ... Binding proteins: IGFBP (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7). *Cleavage products/derivatives with unknown target: Glypromate (GPE, (1-3)IGF-1) ... "The Ret receptor protein tyrosine kinase associates with the SH2-containing adapter protein Grb10". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (37): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RET_proto-oncogene
Cancer syndromeCancer syndrome
The protein produced by the TP53 gene, p53, is involved in cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and apoptosis. Defective p53 may not ... BRCA1 and BRCA2 are both tumor suppressor genes implicated in maintaining and repairing DNA. Mutations in these genes allow ... Although the exact role of this protein in NBCCS is not known, it is involved in the hedgehog signaling pathway, known to ... XPA-XPF are nucleotide excision repair enzymes that repair UV light-damaged DNA and faulty proteins will allow the buildup of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_syndrome
Germline mutationGermline mutation
This editing system induces a double stranded break in the DNA, using a guide RNA and effector protein Cas9 to break the DNA ... Other examples include mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes which predispose to breast and ovarian cancer, or mutations in ... protein, then their children have a 25% of inheriting the disease.[23] If a child has 1 mutated copy of CFTR, they will not ... The ZFN editing complex consists of a zinc finger protein (ZFP) and a restriction enzyme cleavage domain.[32] The ZNP domain ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germline_mutation
Corn smutCorn smut
... and Brh2 protein that is a streamlined version of the mammalian Breast Cancer 2 (BRCA2) protein. When any of these proteins is ... Corn smut contains much more protein than regular corn does. The amino acid lysine, of which corn contains very little, abounds ... Kojic, M; Kostrub, CF; Buchman, AR; Holloman, WK (2002). "BRCA2 Homolog Required for Proficiency in DNA Repair, Recombination, ... This system also involves a protein, Rec2 that is more distantly related to Rad51, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustilago_maydis
Շագանակագեղձի քաղցկեղ - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարանՇագանակագեղձի քաղցկեղ - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարան
The risk of cancer associated with specific mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 among Ashkenazi Jews»։ The New England Journal of ... Expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein in human prostate cancer specimens with and without neo-adjuvant hormonal ... Շագանակագեղձի քաղցկեղի առաջացման համար պատասխանատու են տարբեր գեներ: BRCA1 և BRCA2 գեների մուտացիաները կարևոր ռիսկի գործոններ ...
https://hy.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Շագանակագեղձի_քաղցկեղ
Pancreatic cancerPancreatic cancer
"The human pathology proteome in pancreatic cancer - The Human Protein Atlas". www.proteinatlas.org. Retrieved 28 September 2017 ... autosomal recessive ataxia-telangiectasia and autosomal dominantly inherited mutations in the BRCA2 gene and PALB2 gene; ... This is also true of protein-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel), which was licensed by the FDA in 2013 for use with gemcitabine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer
Genetic testingGenetic testing
... is "the analysis of chromosomes (DNA), proteins, and certain metabolites in order to detect heritable disease- ... Hereditary breast cancer along with ovarian cancer syndrome are caused by gene alterations in the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. Major ... Genetic testing identifies changes in chromosomes, genes, or proteins.[1] The variety of genetic tests has expanded throughout ... The sample is sent to a laboratory where technicians look for specific changes in chromosomes, DNA, or proteins, depending on ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_testing
Somatic evolution in cancerSomatic evolution in cancer
Deficiency of DNA repair proteins PMS2, MLH1, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6 or BRCA2 can cause up to 100-fold increases in mutation ... Alterations in co-regulatory proteins *Interactions between the SERM, ER, and co-regulatory proteins may influence whether the ... Epigeneticically deficient DNA repair proteins include BRCA1, WRN, MGMT, MLH1, MSH2, ERCC1, PMS2, XPF, P53, PCNA and OGG1, and ... For instance, when loss of expression of the DNA repair protein MGMT occurs in a colon cancer, it is caused by a mutation only ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somatic_evolution_in_cancer
Hromosom 13 (čovjek)Hromosom 13 (čovjek)
BRCA2: rak dojke, kancer 2, rani. *CARKD: domen karbohidratne kinaze, protein (nepoznate fukkcije) ... SOX21: transcripcijski faktor SOX-21, protein koji je kodiran SOX21; poremećaj može dovesti do alopecije (kod miševa). ...
https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hromosom_13_
CarcinogenesisCarcinogenesis
Oncogenes often produce mitogens, or are involved in transcription of DNA in protein synthesis, which creates the proteins and ... Finally, inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 lead to early onset of breast cancer. ... They often produce mitogens, or are involved in transcription of DNA in protein synthesis, which create the proteins and ... Within this protein-coding DNA (called the exome), an average cancer of the breast or colon can have about 60 to 70 protein ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis
Replikacioni protein A1 - Википедија, слободна енциклопедијаReplikacioni protein A1 - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
Interaction between BRCA2 and replication protein A is compromised by a cancer-predisposing mutation in BRCA2". Oncogene. 22 (1 ... Replikacioni protein A, 70 kDa DNK vezujuća podjedinica je protein koji je kod ljudi kodiran RPA1 genom.[2] ... Amacker M, Hottiger M, Mossi R, Hübscher U (1997). „HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein and replication protein A influence the strand ... Interaction of human rad51 recombination protein with single-stranded DNA binding protein, RPA.". Nucleic Acids Res. 26 (23): ...
https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replikacioni_protein_A1
Mdm2Mdm2
protein binding. • enzyme binding. • metal ion binding. • identical protein binding. • ubiquitin protein ligase binding. • p53 ... protein ubiquitination. • negative regulation of protein processing. • establishment of protein localization. • response to ... protein deubiquitination. • protein sumoylation. • transcription factor catabolic process. • protein autoubiquitination. • ... Mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) also known as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mdm2
Homo sapiens BRCA2 and CDKN1A interacting protein (BCCIP), transcript - Nucleotide - NCBIHomo sapiens BRCA2 and CDKN1A interacting protein (BCCIP), transcript - Nucleotide - NCBI
Homo sapiens BRCA2 and CDKN1A interacting protein (BCCIP), transcript variant A,... Homo sapiens BRCA2 and CDKN1A interacting ... Homo sapiens BRCA2 and CDKN1A interacting protein (BCCIP), transcript variant A, mRNA. NCBI Reference Sequence: NM_016567.3 ... LSBio BCCIP Proteins [LifeSpan BioSciences, Inc.] LSBio BCCIP Proteins. LifeSpan BioSciences, Inc. ... The tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match Prosite patterns in ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NM_016567.3
Suppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions | PNASSuppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions | PNAS
Suppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions. Hiroshi Saeki, Nicolas Siaud ... Expression of any of these protein fusions in Brca2 mutant cells substantially improved HDR while suppressing mutagenic repair ... Suppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions ... Because as little as 2% of BRCA2 fused to RPA is sufficient to suppress cellular defects found in Brca2-mutant mammalian cells ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/103/23/8768.abstract
BRCA2 - Antibodies - The Human Protein AtlasBRCA2 - Antibodies - The Human Protein Atlas
BRCA2 (BRCC2, FACD, FAD, FAD1, FANCD, FANCD1, XRCC11) ... PROTEIN ARRAY Validationi. A protein array containing 384 ... Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014). Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014). RAS pathway related proteins. Ribosomal proteins. ... BRCA2-201 - ENSP00000439902 [100%] ANTIGEN VIEWi. The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) ... Plasma proteins. Potential drug targets. Predicted intracellular proteins. Predicted membrane proteins. Predicted secreted ...
http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000139618-BRCA2/antibody
emsy - BRCA2-interacting transcriptional repressor EMSY - Danio rerio (Zebrafish) - emsy gene & proteinemsy - BRCA2-interacting transcriptional repressor EMSY - Danio rerio (Zebrafish) - emsy gene & protein
Protein-protein interaction databases. STRING: functional protein association networks. More...STRINGi. 7955.ENSDARP00000092435 ... BRCA2-interacting transcriptional repressor EMSYAdd BLAST. 1173. Proteomic databases. PaxDb, a database of protein abundance ... to allow unambiguous identification of a protein.,p>,a href=/help/protein_names target=_top>More...,/a>,/p>Protein namesi. ... section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes ...
https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7ZUV7
PALB2, which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility genePALB2, which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility gene
... similar to biallelic BRCA2 mutations, cause Fanconi anemia. We identified monoallelic truncating PALB2 mutations in 10/923 ... PALB2 interacts with BRCA2, and biallelic mutations in PALB2 (also known as FANCN), ... PALB2, which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility gene Nat Genet. 2007 Feb;39(2):165-7. doi: ... PALB2 interacts with BRCA2, and biallelic mutations in PALB2 (also known as FANCN), similar to biallelic BRCA2 mutations, cause ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17200668/?dopt=Abstract
First pictures of BRCA2 protein shows role in DNA repair and cancer riskFirst pictures of BRCA2 protein shows role in DNA repair and cancer risk
It is well established that faults in the BRCA2 gene (and the BRCA1 gene that prompted actress Angelina Jolie to undergo a ... Our study reveals that BRCA2 proteins exist as pairs and a BRCA2 pair recruits two sets of RAD51 molecules. Our study also ... However, to study protein structures we need to find a way to extract the protein of interest from other proteins in the cell. ... The importance of the BRCA2 protein lies in the central roles it plays in DNA damage repair - but weve never actually seen it ...
http://theconversation.com/first-pictures-of-brca2-protein-shows-role-in-dna-repair-and-cancer-risk-32639
British Library EThOS: Control of the RAD51 recombinase by the BRC repeat motifs in the breast cancer susceptibility protein...British Library EThOS: Control of the RAD51 recombinase by the BRC repeat motifs in the breast cancer susceptibility protein...
Control of the RAD51 recombinase by the BRC repeat motifs in the breast cancer susceptibility protein BRCA2 ... The interaction between the breast cancer susceptibility protein BRCA2 and the RAD51 DNA recombinase is essential for DNA ... Studies to define the biochemical and biological features of the BRCA2:RAD51 interaction are described. Human BRCA2 features ... both independently and collectively within the context of the BRCA2 protein. A single point mutation within an individual BRC ...
http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596469
QPrEST BRCA2 Mass Spectrometry Protein Standard (QPrEST24928) - Atlas AntibodiesQPrEST BRCA2 Mass Spectrometry Protein Standard (QPrEST24928) - Atlas Antibodies
Lys, Arg ¹³C and ¹⁵N metabolically labeled recombinant protein fragment. ... Stable isotope-labeled standard for absolute protein quantification of BRCA2. ... QPrEST BRCA2 Mass Spectrometry Protein Standard. Breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein ... Stable isotope-labeled standard for absolute protein quantification of BRCA2.. Lys, Arg ¹³C and ¹⁵N metabolically labeled ...
https://www.atlasantibodies.com/products/proteomics/targeted-proteomics/qprest-ms-standards/brca2-qprest-qprest24928/
Abnormal Cytokinesis in Cells Deficient in the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Protein BRCA2 | ScienceAbnormal Cytokinesis in Cells Deficient in the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Protein BRCA2 | Science
Abnormal Cytokinesis in Cells Deficient in the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Protein BRCA2 ... Abnormal Cytokinesis in Cells Deficient in the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Protein BRCA2 ... Abnormal Cytokinesis in Cells Deficient in the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Protein BRCA2 ... Abnormal Cytokinesis in Cells Deficient in the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Protein BRCA2 ...
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/306/5697/876
brcc3 Protein, BRCA1/BRCA2-containing complex, subunit 3 - Creative BioMartbrcc3 Protein, BRCA1/BRCA2-containing complex, subunit 3 - Creative BioMart
This gene encodes a subunit of the BRCA1-BRCA2-containing complex (BRCC), which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase. This complex plays a ... Recombinant Human BRCC3 Protein, GST-tagged. Wheat Germ. Human. GST. +Inquiry. BRCC3-2481M. Recombinant Mouse BRCC3 Protein. ... Interacting Protein. BRCC3 has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several ... Recombinant Human BRCC3 protein, His-tagged. E. coli. Human. His. +Inquiry. BRCC3-328H. ...
https://www.creativebiomart.net/symbolsearch_BRCC3.htm
PALB2 Functionally Connects the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Molecular Cancer ResearchPALB2 Functionally Connects the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2 | Molecular Cancer Research
Associated protein complexes were isolated on glutathione beads. The presence of BRCA2 or PALB2 in isolated protein complexes ... and was first identified by its interaction with BRCA2 protein (14). PALB2 is required for the localization of BRCA2 to sites ... PALB2 Functionally Connects the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2. Fan Zhang, Qiang Fan, Keqin Ren and Paul ... PALB2 Functionally Connects the Breast Cancer Susceptibility Proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2. Fan Zhang, Qiang Fan, Keqin Ren and Paul ...
http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/7/7/1110
The BRCA2-Interacting Protein BCCIP Functions in RAD51 and BRCA2 Focus Formation and Homologous Recombinational Repair |...The BRCA2-Interacting Protein BCCIP Functions in RAD51 and BRCA2 Focus Formation and Homologous Recombinational Repair |...
The BRCA2-Interacting Protein BCCIP Functions in RAD51 and BRCA2 Focus Formation and Homologous Recombinational Repair. Huimei ... The BCCIP proteins share no significant homology to other mammalian proteins. Although the interaction between BCCIPα and BRCA2 ... The BRCA2-Interacting Protein BCCIP Functions in RAD51 and BRCA2 Focus Formation and Homologous Recombinational Repair ... The BRCA2-Interacting Protein BCCIP Functions in RAD51 and BRCA2 Focus Formation and Homologous Recombinational Repair ...
https://mcb.asm.org/content/25/5/1949.long
Evidence that the tumor-suppressor protein BRCA2 does not regulate cytokinesis in human cells | Journal of Cell ScienceEvidence that the tumor-suppressor protein BRCA2 does not regulate cytokinesis in human cells | Journal of Cell Science
Evidence that the tumor-suppressor protein BRCA2 does not regulate cytokinesis in human cells ... BRCA2 plays a well-established role in maintaining genome stability by regulating homologous recombination. BRCA2 has more ... Evidence that the tumor-suppressor protein BRCA2 does not regulate cytokinesis in human cells ... Evidence that the tumor-suppressor protein BRCA2 does not regulate cytokinesis in human cells ...
http://jcs.biologists.org/content/early/2010/03/31/jcs.068015
A meiosis-specific BRCA2 binding protein recruits recombinases to DNA double-strand breaks to ensure homologous recombination. ...A meiosis-specific BRCA2 binding protein recruits recombinases to DNA double-strand breaks to ensure homologous recombination. ...
... Recombinase recruited to the DSBs by the mediator protein BRCA2 catalyzes the homology-directed repair. During meiotic HR, ... MEILB2 directly binds to BRCA2 and regulates its association to meiotic DSBs. We map the MEILB2-binding domain within BRCA2 ... Here we identify a meiotic localizer of BRCA2, MEILB2/HSF2BP, that localizes to the site of meiotic DSBs in mice. Disruption of ...
https://www.physiciansweekly.com/a-meiosis-specific-brca2-binding-protein-recruits-recombinases-to-dna-double-strand-breaks-to-ensure-homologous-recombination/
PALB2, which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility gene - Semantic ScholarPALB2, which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility gene - Semantic Scholar
... similar to biallelic BRCA2 mutations, cause Fanconi anemia. We identified monoallelic truncating PALB2 mutations in 10/923 ... PALB2 interacts with BRCA2, and biallelic mutations in PALB2 (also known as FANCN), ... PALB2, which encodes a BRCA2-interacting protein, is a breast cancer susceptibility gene. @article{Rahman2007PALB2WE, title={ ... PALB2 interacts with BRCA2, and biallelic mutations in PALB2 (also known as FANCN), similar to biallelic BRCA2 mutations, cause ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/PALB2%2C-which-encodes-a-BRCA2-interacting-protein%2C-a-Rahman-Seal/33d16095db2ab2481520f3988dddd03e37fbeb9e
Interactions between human BRCA2 protein and the meiosis‐specific recombinase DMC1 | The EMBO JournalInteractions between human BRCA2 protein and the meiosis‐specific recombinase DMC1 | The EMBO Journal
BRCA22045-2113); B2‐6 (BRCA22106-2472); B2‐6.5 (BRCA22340-2472); B2‐9 (BRCA23189-3418); TR2 (BRCA23265-3330). A large BRCA2 ... BRCA2996-1084); BRC2 (BRCA21206-1274); BRC3 (BRCA21415-1483); BRC4 (BRCA21511-1579); BRC5 (BRCA21658-1726); BRC6 (BRCA21831- ... B2‐6.1 is BRCA22106-2190; B2‐6.2 is BRCA22106-2218; B2‐6.3 is BRCA22190-2260; B2‐6.4 is BRCA22218-2340; B2‐6.5 is BRCA22340- ... IR1 is BRCA22340-2407; IR2 is BRCA22350-2417; IR3 is BRCA22371-2438; IR4 is BRCA22405-2472. (B) Interactions between the ...
http://emboj.embopress.org/content/26/12/2915
BRCA2 Protein | Profiles RNSBRCA2 Protein | Profiles RNS
"BRCA2 Protein" by people in this website by year, and whether "BRCA2 Protein" was a major or minor topic of these publications ... A large, nuclear protein, encoded by the BRCA2 gene (GENE, BRCA2). Mutations in this gene predispose humans to breast and ... "BRCA2 Protein" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... The BRCA2 protein is an essential component of DNA repair pathways, suppressing the formation of gross chromosomal ...
https://researchers.childrensmercy.org/display/22352
The Frequency of Germ-line Mutations in the Breast Cancer Predisposition Genes BRCA1 AND BRCA2 in Familial Prostate Cancer |...The Frequency of Germ-line Mutations in the Breast Cancer Predisposition Genes BRCA1 AND BRCA2 in Familial Prostate Cancer |...
Immunohistochemical expression of BRCA2 protein and allelic loss at the BRCA2 locus in prostate cancer. Int. J. Cancer, 78: 1-7 ... Immunohistochemical Staining for BRCA2 Protein.. Sections (4 μm) were cut from blocks of prostate cancer tissue, picked up on ... The protein truncation test performed for BRCA2. a, analysis of PTT fragment 4 in affected individual 201 from family PRY1042 ... The majority of germ-line mutations reported in BRCA1 and BRCA2 result in truncation of the predicted protein as a result of ...
https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/60/16/4513
BRCA2 Gene News, Research - Page 2BRCA2 Gene News, Research - Page 2
Scientists show how BRCA2 protein works to repair damaged DNA Scientists have taken pictures of the BRCA2 protein for the first ... BRCA2 Gene News and Research. RSS BRCA2 is a gene on chromosome 13 that normally helps to suppress cell growth. A person who ... BRCA2 gene doubles lung cancer risk among smokers Around a quarter of smokers who carry a defect in the BRCA2 gene will develop ... BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are two of the most well studied genes in the cancer field. They are tumor suppressors - mutations in ...
https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/BRCA2-Gene&page=2
Suppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions<...Suppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions<...
Suppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions. Proceedings of the National ... Suppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions. In: Proceedings of the ... Suppression of the DNA repair defects of BRCA2-deficient cells with heterologous protein fusions. / Saeki, Hiroshi; Siaud, ... Expression of any of these protein fusions in Brca2 mutant cells substantially improved HDR while suppressing mutagenic repair ...
https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/suppression-of-the-dna-repair-defects-of-brca2-deficient-cells-wi
BRCA2 interacting proteins | Breast Cancer Research | Full TextBRCA2 interacting proteins | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text
BRCA2 encodes a protein of 3418 amino acids with a molecular weight of 384 kDa. The biological function of BRCA2 is, as yet, ... Preliminary data indicate that BRCA2 interacts with Stat proteins upon ligand stimulation. Identification of proteins that ... Two breast cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) have been cloned. A BRCA2 founder mutation, BRCA2 999del5, accounts ... In an effort to elucidate the cellular function of BRCA2, we have studied the interaction between BRCA2 and other cellular ...
https://0-breast--cancer--research-biomedcentral-com.brum.beds.ac.uk/articles/10.1186/bcr160
FANCG promotes formation of a newly identified protein complex containing BRCA2, FANCD2 and XRCC3<...FANCG promotes formation of a newly identified protein complex containing BRCA2, FANCD2 and XRCC3<...
... or full length BRCA2 protein, lack the interactions amongst the four component proteins. A role for D1-D2-G-X3 in homologous ... or full length BRCA2 protein, lack the interactions amongst the four component proteins. A role for D1-D2-G-X3 in homologous ... or full length BRCA2 protein, lack the interactions amongst the four component proteins. A role for D1-D2-G-X3 in homologous ... or full length BRCA2 protein, lack the interactions amongst the four component proteins. A role for D1-D2-G-X3 in homologous ...
https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/fancg-promotes-formation-of-a-newly-identified-protein-complex-co-2
Study of a single BRCA2 mutation with high carrier frequency in a small populationStudy of a single BRCA2 mutation with high carrier frequency in a small population
Mutations in the BRCA2 gene have been studied mainly in families with high risk of breast cancer in females, and male breast ... Germ-line changes in the cancer-predisposition gene BRCA2 are found in a small proportion of breast cancers. ... cancer also has been associated with BRCA2 mutations. The importan … ... BRCA2 Protein * Breast Neoplasms / epidemiology * Breast Neoplasms / genetics* * Breast Neoplasms, Male / epidemiology ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9150155/?dopt=Abstract
Recombinant Human Breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein(BRCA2) ,partial - CusabioRecombinant Human Breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein(BRCA2) ,partial - Cusabio
BRCA2) ,partial. It is produced in Yeast. High purity. Good price. ... Purchase Recombinant Human Breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein( ... BRCA 2; BRCA1/BRCA2 containing complex subunit 2; Brca2; BRCA2; DNA repair associated; BRCA2_HUMAN; BRCC 2; BRCC2; Breast and ... two had germline BRCA2 mutations. The third patient had somatic BRCA2 homozygous copy loss. Biallelic BRCA2 inactivation in ...
https://www.cusabio.com/Recombinant-Protein/Recombinant-Human-Breast-cancer-type-2-susceptibility-protein-BRCA2---partial-14067.html
PubPeer - APRIN is a cell cycle specific BRCA2-interacting protein req...PubPeer - APRIN is a cell cycle specific BRCA2-interacting protein req...
APRIN is a cell cycle specific BRCA2-interacting protein required for genome integrity and a predictor of outcome after ... APRIN is a cell cycle specific BRCA2-interacting protein required for genome integrity and a predictor of outcome after ...
https://pubpeer.com/publications/40975CCD671ACC13843AC53551942C
BRCA2 is inactivated late in the development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia: evidence and implicationsBRCA2 is inactivated late in the development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia: evidence and implications
We investigated the prevalence of biallelic inactivation of BRCA2 in the presumed precursors to invasive pancreatic ductal ... Patients harboring germline BRCA2 mutations are at an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer. ... Neoplasm Proteins / genetics* * Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics* * Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology * Transcription Factors / ... BRCA2 is inactivated late in the development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia: evidence and implications Am J Pathol. ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10793087/?dopt=Abstract
RCSB PDB - Protein Feature View - BRCA2-interacting transcriptional repressor EMSY - Q7Z589 (EMSY HUMAN)RCSB PDB - Protein Feature View - BRCA2-interacting transcriptional repressor EMSY - Q7Z589 (EMSY HUMAN)
The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex ... Its interaction with BRCA2 suggests that it may play a central role in the DNA repair function of BRCA2 (PubMed:14651845). ... This protein in other organisms (by gene name): Q7Z589 - Homo sapiens 3 * Q17RM7 - Homo sapiens no matching PDB entries ... Protein disorder predictions are based on JRONN (Troshin, P. and Barton, G. J. unpublished), a Java implementation of RONN * ...
http://www4.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/Q7Z589
nature.com searchnature.com search
Cooperation of breast cancer proteins PALB2 and piccolo BRCA2 in stimulating homologous recombination * [email protected] ... Rights & permissionsfor article Cooperation of breast cancer proteins PALB2 and piccolo BRCA2 in stimulating homologous ... Emerging roles of eraser enzymes in the dynamic control of protein ADP-ribosylation * [email protected] ... Rights & permissionsfor article Emerging roles of eraser enzymes in the dynamic control of protein ADP-ribosylation . Opens in ...
https://www.nature.com/search?author=%22Jean-Yves%20Masson%22&error=cookies_not_supported&code=e4a0adea-f73b-43a1-b6c1-c798a55c5fad
BRCA2 gene: MedlinePlus GeneticsBRCA2 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
The BRCA2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that acts as a tumor suppressor. Learn about this gene and related ... The BRCA2 protein is involved in repairing damaged DNA. In the nucleus of many types of normal cells, the BRCA2 protein ... Most BRCA2 gene mutations lead to the production of an abnormally small, nonfunctional version of the BRCA2 protein from one ... The BRCA2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that acts as a tumor suppressor. Tumor suppressor proteins help ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/brca2/
The BRC repeats in BRCA2 are critical for RAD51 binding and resistance to methyl methanesulfonate treatment | PNASThe BRC repeats in BRCA2 are critical for RAD51 binding and resistance to methyl methanesulfonate treatment | PNAS
A) Identification of Capan-1 with a truncated BRCA2 protein. Cell lines surveyed for altered BRCA2 protein expression were as ... we have determined that the gene product of BRCA2 is a 390-kDa nuclear protein. The BRCA2 390-kDa protein directly binds to ... BRCA2 Is a 390-kDa Nuclear Protein.. To explore potential functions for BRCA2, a full-length cDNA was constructed from four ... The truncated BRCA2 protein expressed in Capan-1 cells (lane 3) is indicated by the arrow. p84 is a nuclear matrix protein (36 ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/95/9/5287?ijkey=d6e1d411f0b766d64eed09638675fdc809cfc40f&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Rad51BRCA1 or BRCA2OvarianHomologousPALB2InteractsBRCAEncodesCancersMutation carriersRecombinaseChromosomeHuman BRCA2PathwayPredisposeAntibodyCarriersInteractionNuclearChromosomal instabilityDefectsMRNARegulatesGeneticsLocalizerMutations in the BRCA2 GeneAminoLocalizationVariantsInstabilityFanconiTranscriptionalRecombinationExon 11Acts as a tumor suppressorFANCD2InteractionsRepair damagedGeneticPancreaticRecombinational RepairSusceptibility to breastGene mutationsFaulty BRCA2 geneGermline BRCA2 mutationsMutantBindsGenes produceGerm-lineFamilial breast cancerHereditary
Rad5171
  • The central part of the protein contains multiple copies of a motif that binds the Rad51 recombinase (the BRC repeat), and the C terminus contains domains that have structural similarity to domains in the ssDNA-binding protein replication protein A (RPA). (pnas.org)
  • Mutations that reduced ssDNA or Rad51 binding impaired the ability of the fusion proteins to function in HDR. (pnas.org)
  • The high level of spontaneous chromosomal aberrations in Brca2 mutant cells was largely suppressed by the BRC-RPA fusion proteins, supporting the notion that the primary role of BRCA2 in maintaining genomic integrity is in HDR, specifically to deliver Rad51 to ssDNA. (pnas.org)
  • The fusion proteins also restored Rad51 focus formation and cellular survival in response to DNA damaging agents. (pnas.org)
  • Molecules called RAD51 form well-ordered filaments on the single stranded DNA tail, aided by BRCA2, and this long filament is then used to search for matching strands in the sister chromatin. (theconversation.com)
  • This enabled us to use electron microscopy to image thousands of purified BRCA2 molecules or BRCA2-RAD51 complexes that could subsequently be analysed using computers and algorithms. (theconversation.com)
  • This allowed us to determine and align differently oriented molecules to generate 3D structures of BRCA2 as well as its complex with RAD51. (theconversation.com)
  • Our study reveals that BRCA2 proteins exist as pairs and a BRCA2 pair recruits two sets of RAD51 molecules. (theconversation.com)
  • We also showed that BRCA2 increases the number of short RAD51 filaments on the DNA. (theconversation.com)
  • The interaction between the breast cancer susceptibility protein BRCA2 and the RAD51 DNA recombinase is essential for DNA repair via homologous recombination. (bl.uk)
  • Studies to define the biochemical and biological features of the BRCA2:RAD51 interaction are described. (bl.uk)
  • Human BRCA2 features eight BRC repeat motifs encoded within exon 11 through which it can bind RAD51. (bl.uk)
  • I defined the minimal structural determinants required for RAD51 binding by 'humanising' a primitive RAD51 from an Archaeon species lacking BRCA2. (bl.uk)
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology supported by cell biology was employed to study the characteristics of RAD51 binding to each of the BRC repeat motifs, both independently and collectively within the context of the BRCA2 protein. (bl.uk)
  • An SPR competition assay was developed, revealing that the binding affinity of each BRC repeat motif for RAD51 differs significantly, and that their organisation within the scaffold of BRCA2 contributes to efficient interaction. (bl.uk)
  • Thus, I propose that both the differential binding affinities of the individual BRC repeat motifs for RAD51, and their observed cooperativity, contribute to the control of RAD51 by BRCA2. (bl.uk)
  • We show here that PALB2 physically and functionally connects BRCA1 and BRCA2 into a DNA damage response network that also includes the RAD51 recombinase. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Analysis of the assembly of foci in these cells by BRCA1, PALB2, BRCA2, and RAD51 suggests that BRCA1 recruits PALB2, which in turn organizes BRCA2 and RAD51. (aacrjournals.org)
  • BRCA2, in turn, regulates the recruitment of RAD51 to DNA damage foci and its assembly into nucleoprotein filaments that initiate HR through strand invasion ( 15 - 17 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Importantly, numerous BRCA2-dependent functions require the capacity of PALB2 to interact with both BRCA1 and BRCA2, including the assembly of BRCA2 foci, the assembly of RAD51 foci, HR, and resistance to MMC. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These results show that BRCA1, PALB2, BRCA2, and RAD51 function in a DNA damage response pathway that culminates in HR. Together, our results suggest that PALB2 serves as a physical and functional linker between BRCA1 and BRCA2. (aacrjournals.org)
  • RAD51 and BRCA2 colocalization in nuclear foci is a hallmark of HRR. (asm.org)
  • BRCA2 has important roles in RAD51 focus formation and HRR of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). (asm.org)
  • We further show that chromatin-bound BRCA2 colocalizes with BCCIP nuclear foci and that most radiation-induced RAD51 foci colocalize with BCCIP. (asm.org)
  • Reducing BCCIPα by 90% or BCCIPβ by 50% by RNA interference markedly reduces RAD51 and BRCA2 foci and reduces HRR of DSBs by 20- to 100-fold. (asm.org)
  • Similarly, reducing BRCA2 by 50% reduces RAD51 and BCCIP foci. (asm.org)
  • These data indicate that BCCIP is critical for BRCA2- and RAD51-dependent responses to DNA damage and HRR. (asm.org)
  • BRCA2 has nine RAD51 binding regions, including eight BRC repeats encoded by exon 11 and a distinct RAD51 binding region encoded by exon 27 ( 8 , 33 , 69 ). (asm.org)
  • Expression of individual BRC repeats interferes with RAD51 focus formation and HRR ( 5 , 53 , 70 ), indicating that RAD51-BRCA2 interactions are important for both processes. (asm.org)
  • Although the interaction between BCCIPα and BRCA2 implicates BCCIP in RAD51-dependent processes, there is no prior direct support for this idea. (asm.org)
  • BRCA2 protein regulates recombinational repair by interaction with RAD51 via a series of degenerate BRC repeat motifs encoded by exon 11 (BRCA2 996-2113 ), and an unrelated C‐terminal domain (BRCA2 3265-3330 ). (embopress.org)
  • This interaction domain, defined as the PhePP motif, promotes specific interactions between BRCA2 and DMC1, but not with RAD51. (embopress.org)
  • Thus, the RAD51 and DMC1 interaction domains on BRCA2 are distinct from each other, allowing coordinated interactions of the two recombinases with BRCA2 at meiosis. (embopress.org)
  • These results lead us to suggest that BRCA2 is a universal regulator of RAD51/DMC1 recombinase actions. (embopress.org)
  • It does so by regulating the actions of RAD51 protein. (embopress.org)
  • The biological function of BRCA2 is, as yet, not well known, but several studies have shown that BRCA2 interacts with proteins like RAD51 and P/CAF, known to be involved in DNA damage response pathways and DNA transcription in cells. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Acts by targeting RAD51 to ssDNA over double-stranded DNA, enabling RAD51 to displace replication protein-A (RPA) from ssDNA and stabilizing RAD51-ssDNA filaments by blocking ATP hydrolysis. (cusabio.com)
  • Activated FANCD2 is translocated to DNA repair foci, where it colocalizes with other DNA damage response proteins, including BRCA2 and RAD51, and participates in homology-directed repair. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, direct binding of human RAD51 to each of the four single 30-amino acid BRC repeats located at the 5′ portion of exon 11 of BRCA2 was demonstrated. (pnas.org)
  • Such an interaction is significant, as BRCA2 and RAD51 can be reciprocally coimmunoprecipitated by each of the individual, specific antibodies and form complexes in vivo . (pnas.org)
  • Inferring from the function of RAD51 in DNA repair, human pancreatic cancer cells, Capan-1, expressing truncated BRCA2 were shown to be hypersensitive to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) treatment. (pnas.org)
  • These results suggest that the interaction between the BRC repeats of BRCA2 and RAD51 is critical for cellular response to DNA damage caused by MMS. (pnas.org)
  • To address this question systematically, we have identified the cellular BRCA2 protein as a nuclear protein and determined the domain responsible for interactions with human RAD51. (pnas.org)
  • The BRCA2 protein interacts with ssDNA and the RAD51 recombination protein, and is proposed to recruit RAD51 to the damage site for the HR repair. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Recombinant BRCA2 fragments that cover the entire length of BRCA2 were tested for interaction with RAD51 and for their phosphorylation using cell free extracts. (beds.ac.uk)
  • A cell line that stably expresses a C-terminal BRCA2 fragment was generated, to allow the analysis of RAD51 interactions and ability to promote homologous recombinational repair (HRR). (beds.ac.uk)
  • We found that the C-terminal region of BRCA2, which directly interacts with RAD51, contains a site (S3291) that is phosphorylated by cyclin-dependent kinases. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Phosphorylation of S3291 increases as cells progress towards mitosis, and was shown to block C-terminal interactions between BRCA2 and RAD51. (beds.ac.uk)
  • HRR is defective in cells overexpressing the C-terminal fragment of BRCA2, indicating that interactions between RAD51 and the C-terminal region of endogenous BRCA2 are important for repair. (beds.ac.uk)
  • In addition, these mutations exclude a COOH-terminal Rad51 binding domain that is involved in regulation of the DNA repair function of the protein. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The enzyme encoded by this gene is a member of the RAD51 protein family which assists in repair of DNA double strand breaks . (wikipedia.org)
  • In humans, RAD51 is a 339- amino acid protein that plays a major role in homologous recombination of DNA during double strand break repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike other proteins involved in DNA metabolism, the RecA/Rad51 family forms a helical nucleoprotein filament on DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • In eukaryotes, RAD51 protein has a central role in homologous recombinational repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have previously shown that a 28-amino acid peptide derived from the BRC4 motif of BRCA2 tumor suppressor inhibits selectively human RAD51 recombinase (HsRad51). (chalmers.se)
  • The crystallographic analysis shows that the BRC-motif of the BRCA2 tumor suppressor is in contact with the subunit-subunit interface of Rad51 and could thus prevent filament formation of Rad51. (elsevier.com)
  • The BRCA2 protein interacts with the RAD51 recombinase to regulate homologous recombination (HR). BRCA2 regulates the intracellular localization of RAD51. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • CHEK1 and CHEK2 both phosphorylate the RAD51/BRCA2 complex and regulate the functional association of this complex in response to DNA damage. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • A number of paralogs (see Figure) of RAD51 are essential for RAD51 protein recruitment or stabilization at damage sites in vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Outside of plants and vertebrates, a much broader diversity of Rad51 recombinase paralog proteins exists. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Shu complex, composed of a SWIM domain-containing protein and its interacting RAD51 paralogs, promotes HR by regulating RAD51 filament dynamics. (genetics.org)
  • Although recent evidence supports at least Xrcc3 and Rad51C playing a role late in HR, our data suggest that Brca2 and the Rad51 paralogs may also contribute to HR at the same early step, with their loss resulting in the stimulation of an alternative, error-prone repair pathway. (asm.org)
  • Scientists think the BRCA2 protein regulates the activity of a smaller number of companion proteins, including RAD51 and PALB2, to direct homologous recombination of damaged DNA. (howstuffworks.com)
  • Further, PALB2 interacts with other essential effectors of HR, including RAD51 and RAD51C, as well as BRCA2. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Mechanistically, PALB2 is required for HR by mediating the recruitment of BRCA2 and the RAD51 recombinase to sites of DNA damage. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Similar to bi-allelic loss-of-function mutations of BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51 and RAD51C, bi-allelic mutations in PALB2 cause Fanconi anemia (FA), a rare childhood disorder which is associated with progressive bone marrow failure, congenital anomalies, and a predisposition to leukemia and solid tumors. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • In contrast, the role of BRCA2 in DNA repair may be more defined by its direct interaction with the RAD51 recombinase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BRCA2 nucleates RAD51 onto the 3′ DNA overhangs in order to stabilise the ssDNA and to promote its invasion of its complementary duplex (c). (els.net)
  • FA proteins interact with several of the proteins involved in HR including H2AX, BRCA1, RAD51 and BLM. (els.net)
  • According to a summary of these efforts in Nature News, the three studies explored the interaction of BRCA2 protein with other proteins, primarily one called RAD51. (healthcanal.com)
  • By studying the interaction between BRCA2 and RAD51, all three teams confirmed that BRCA2 helps RAD51 initiate filament growth. (healthcanal.com)
BRCA1 or BRCA217
  • The purpose of the study is to see if the drug KU 0059436 is effective and well tolerated in treating patients with measurable BRCA1- or BRCA2-positive advanced ovarian cancer and for whom no curative therapeutic option exists. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • We found no evidence for association between developing cancer or being a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carrier and telomere length. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • They also approved a test to identify those patients eligible to receive talazoparib: patients with metastatic or locally advanced, HER2-negative breast cancer who have an inherited, cancer-associated BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutation. (aacr.org)
  • A Cancer Research UK funded team at The Institute of Cancer Research looked for faults in the PALB2 gene in 923 women with breast cancer and a family history of the disease, not caused by the known breast cancer genes BRCA1 or BRCA2. (cancerresearchuk.org)
  • [11] [12] If BRCA1 or BRCA2 itself is damaged by a BRCA mutation , damaged DNA is not repaired properly, and this increases the risk for breast cancer . (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common cause of hereditary breast cancer is an inherited mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene. (cancer.org)
  • On average, a woman with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation has up to a 7 in 10 chance of getting breast cancer by age 80. (cancer.org)
  • The average breast cancer risk for carriers of a germ-line mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (penetrance) has been estimated from the multiple-case families collected by the Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium (BCLC) to be ≈80% to age 70. (aacrjournals.org)
  • By extrapolation, ≈6% (95% CI, 2-20%) of breast cancer before age 40 may be caused by protein-truncating mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 . (aacrjournals.org)
  • Breast cancer risk in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers may be modified by other genetic or environmental factors. (aacrjournals.org)
  • It is important to know the age-specific risk of breast cancer (penetrance) for women who have inherited a deleterious mutation in either of the recently discovered genes BRCA1 or BRCA2 . (aacrjournals.org)
  • However, women now being tested for mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 , even if seen in a cancer family clinic, do not necessarily have the same intensity of family history as do those in the BCLC families. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In total, up to 50% of HGSOC have homologous recombination defects related with loss of function of BRCA1 or BRCA2 or other homologous recombination (HR) pathway proteins ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • However, we do know that cells deficient in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are exceedingly sensitive to certain therapeutic agents, such as the alkylating-like agents cisplatin and carboplatin, that induce double-stranded DNA breaks. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • While these BRCA mutations clearly confer an increased risk of ovarian cancer, conventional wisdom held that because these defects also limited the DNA repair functions of ovarian cancer cells, patients with homozygous BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations in their tumors would have improved responses to chemotherapeutic agents that further damaged DNA, such as cisplatin, because of the accumulation of a fatal level of new mutations (ie, lethal genetic instability). (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • Moreover, the recent identification of proteins that associate with either BRCA1 or BRCA2 indicates that the two BRCA proteins each participate in different protein complexes, and that these complexes may play quite distinct roles in DSB repair. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results from the genetic analysis suggest that patients with mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, which are two of the more common in herited genetic mutations that lead to Basal-like breast tumors, could benefit from two existing treatments for ovarian cancer. (ibtimes.com)
Ovarian38
  • It is well established that faults in the BRCA2 gene (and the BRCA1 gene that prompted actress Angelina Jolie to undergo a mastectomy) increase the risk of breast, ovarian, prostate and other cancers. (theconversation.com)
  • The risk of breast cancer with BRCA1 and BRCA2 is around 50-80% over a lifetime and around 10-40% for ovarian cancer. (theconversation.com)
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2 are prominently associated with inherited breast and ovarian cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These results suggest that BRCA1 and BRCA2 cooperate in DNA damage responses in a PALB2-dependent manner, and have important implications for the genesis of breast/ovarian cancer and for chemotherapy with DNA interstrand cross-linking agents. (aacrjournals.org)
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2 are the major genes associated with inherited susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer ( 1 - 4 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Germline mutations in the tumor-suppressor gene BRCA2 predispose to breast and ovarian cancer. (biologists.org)
  • A person who inherits certain mutations (changes) in a BRCA2 gene has a higher risk of getting breast, ovarian, prostate, and other types of cancer. (news-medical.net)
  • Many of the same BRCA2 gene mutations that increase the risk of breast cancer (described above) also increase the risk of ovarian cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Women with BRCA2 gene mutations have an approximately 12 to 25 percent chance of developing ovarian cancer in their lifetimes, as compared with 1.6 percent in the general population. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In addition to breast cancer, BRCA2 mutations are also linked to other cancers including ovarian ( 4 , 5 ), hepatocellular ( 6 ), pancreatic ( 5 , 7 ), and prostate ( 4 - 6 ) tumors. (pnas.org)
  • Individuals carrying a germ line mutation of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2 are predisposed to breast, ovarian, and other types of cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Protein truncating mutations in BRCA2 predispose women to early-onset breast and ovarian cancer ( 1 , 2 ), and account for 15% to 30% of familial breast cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Defects in BRCA2 are a cause of susceptibility to breast-ovarian cancer familial type 2 (BROVCA2) [MIM:612555]. (abcam.com)
  • High risk of breast and ovarian cancer is associated with germline BRCA2 mutations. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • A woman's risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer is notably increased if she inherits a harmful mutation in either the BRCA1 gene or the BRCA2 gene from either parent. (eurekalert.org)
  • Thirty-nine percent of women who inherit a harmful BRCA1 mutation and up to 17 percent of women who inherit a harmful BRCA2 mutation will develop ovarian cancer by age 70, compared to only 1.4 percent of women in the general population. (eurekalert.org)
  • The same study reported that about 44 percent of women with a BRCA1 mutation and 17 percent of women with a BRCA2 mutation will receive an ovarian cancer diagnosis by age 80. (healthline.com)
  • Mutation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 is the most common cause of inherited breast and ovarian cancer. (bmj.com)
  • In the 1990s, pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 were found to be associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). (bmj.com)
  • Around one in 100 people may carry a faulty BRCA2 gene, putting them at risk of developing breast, ovarian, prostate and pancreatic cancer. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Inherited mutations in the tumour suppressor gene BRCA2 greatly increase the risk of developing breast, ovarian and other types of cancers. (hindawi.com)
  • Hereditary prostate cancer (HPC) is a genetically heterogeneous disease, and attempts to identify genes that confer a high risk for prostate cancer, such as the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes for breast and ovarian cancer, have been challenging ( 2 - 4 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Moreover, families with carriers of BRCA2 mutations, in addition to having a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancers, also have an increased relative risk of prostate cancer (5- to 8-fold elevations) among men with protein truncating BRCA2 mutations ( 11 - 17 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Families that met the criteria for BRCA2 screening had one of the following characteristics: families with multiple breast cancer cases (breast cancer cases are genetically related to prostate cancer cases) or an ovarian cancer case in a first-degree relative to a prostate cancer case ( n = 32), families with Jewish ancestry ( n = 16), or families with a pancreatic cancer case ( n = 8). (aacrjournals.org)
  • There are two types of genes -- BRCA1 and BRCA2 -- which are responsible for both breast and ovarian cancer. (medindia.net)
  • Specific inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 most notably increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancer, but they have also been associated with increased risks of several additional types of the disease like fallopian tube cancer, peritoneal cancer, colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer. (medindia.net)
  • Women who have inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 tend to develop breast and ovarian cancers at younger ages than those without these mutations. (medindia.net)
  • Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes trigger excess cell growth and increase your risk for both breast and ovarian cancers. (healthline.com)
  • The most significant risk factor for ovarian cancer is an inherited genetic mutation in one of two genes: breast cancer gene1 ( BRCA1 ) or breast cancer gene 2 ( BRCA2 ). (labcorp.com)
  • BRCA2 is a tumor suppressor gene that is linked to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. (asm.org)
  • Individuals carrying germ line mutations of the BRCA2 gene have a high risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer ( 40 , 45 , 76 ). (asm.org)
  • The introduction of PARPi in clinical practice for the treatment of patients with advanced ovarian cancer imposed changes in the molecular diagnosis of BRCA1 / BRCA2 variants. (frontiersin.org)
  • Pathogenic germline variants in the breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 increase the risk for the development of ovarian cancer (OC) in carriers. (frontiersin.org)
  • Women unselected for family history present germline BRCA1 / BRCA2 variants in 14% of the cases when having any epithelial OC and in ~17% of the cases with a high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) diagnosis ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, BRCA2 carriers clearly have a lower lifetime risk of ovarian and fallopian tube cancer than BRCA1 carriers, and ovarian cancer in BRCA2 carriers tends to occur later in life. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • However, again there is a dearth of high quality studies comparing ovarian cancer survival in women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • Women with mutations in the BRCA2 tumor suppressor gene have a greatly elevated risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers. (sciencemag.org)
  • CHAPEL HILL, NC - Scientists at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill were among co-authors of a study that described the first isolation and purification of the BRCA2 protein which is produced by a gene whose loss greatly increases the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers. (healthcanal.com)
Homologous19
  • The BRCA2 tumor suppressor plays an important role in the repair of DNA damage by homologous recombination, also termed homology-directed repair (HDR). (pnas.org)
  • The implications of this proposal for DNA repair via homologous recombination, and for the role of BRCA2 mutations in human carcinogenesis, are discussed. (bl.uk)
  • Resistance to mitomycin C and the repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination require the interaction of PALB2 with both BRCA1 and BRCA2. (aacrjournals.org)
  • BRCA2 plays a well-established role in maintaining genome stability by regulating homologous recombination. (biologists.org)
  • A meiosis-specific BRCA2 binding protein recruits recombinases to DNA double-strand breaks to ensure homologous recombination. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • BRCA2 appears to play an important role in meiotic recombination in mammalian cells, as it is highly expressed during spermatogenesis in mice ( Connor et al , 1997 ), and localises to meiotic chromosomes during early prophase I when homologous chromosomes undergo pairing ( Chen et al , 1998a ). (embopress.org)
  • The underlying basis of tumourigenesis is thought to be linked to defects in DNA double-strand break repair by homologous recombination (HR), as indicated by the spontaneous chromosomal instability phenotype of BRCA2 -defective cell lines. (beds.ac.uk)
  • As an alternative, we developed functional assays that measure the influence of missense mutations on the ability of BRCA2 to repair DNA damage by homologous recombination and to control centriole amplification. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These large and small insertions and deletions, nonsense mutations, and splicing variants in large part exclude the nuclear localization signals of BRCA2, mislocalize BRCA2 to the cytoplasm ( 3 ), and disrupt the homologous recombination (HR)-dependent DNA repair activity of BRCA2. (aacrjournals.org)
  • DNA interstrand crosslinks are highly deleterious damages that are repaired by homologous recombination involving coordination of FA proteins and breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1), but the exact biochemical roles of these proteins is currently unclear. (wikipedia.org)
  • BRCA2 localizes to meiotic chromosomes during early meiotic prophase I when homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Here, it is demonstrated that untreated and cytarabine (AraC)-treated IGH/MYC-positive Burkitt lymphoma cells accumulate a high number of potentially lethal DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and display low levels of the BRCA2 tumor suppressor protein, which is a key element of homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DSB repair. (aacrjournals.org)
  • One function of these proteins is to repair damaged DNA through a process called homologous recombination. (aacr.org)
  • Although the Brca2 protein participates in homologous DNA recombination (HR), its precise role remains unclear. (asm.org)
  • These BRCA1 protein complexes likely affect several DNA repair processes, including homologous recombination (swapping a sequence of nucleotides with another similar strand of DNA), nucleotide-excision repair (cutting out damaged DNA bases and pasting in new ones) and non-homologous end-joining (stitching a double-strand break back together). (howstuffworks.com)
  • PALB2 has a large number of interactions with other DNA damage response proteins that function in DNA repair by homologous recombination, as illustrated below and reviewed elsewhere (Park et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Deleterious variants in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status are considered strong predictors of response to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi). (frontiersin.org)
  • Functionally, BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor-suppressor genes responsible for repair of double-stranded DNA breaks by homologous recombination, a generally error-free approach. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • The BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins are required for homologous recombination and DNA break repair, leading to the suggestion that they act in concert. (biomedcentral.com)
PALB222
  • PALB2 interacts with BRCA2, and biallelic mutations in PALB2 (also known as FANCN), similar to biallelic BRCA2 mutations, cause Fanconi anemia. (nih.gov)
  • PALB2 directly binds BRCA1, as determined with bacterially expressed fragments of each protein. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, PALB2 independently interacts with BRCA1 and BRCA2 through its NH 2 and COOH termini, respectively. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We have reconstituted PALB2-deficient cells with PALB2Δ1-70, PALB2-L21P, or PALB2-L24P, or with COOH-terminally truncated PALB2 that is deficient for interaction with BRCA2. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Using extracts from these cells, we find that PALB2 mediates the physical interaction of BRCA2 with a COOH-terminal fragment of BRCA1. (aacrjournals.org)
  • PALB2 (partner and localizer of BRCA2) is also a breast cancer susceptibility gene ( 11 - 13 ) and was first identified by its interaction with BRCA2 protein ( 14 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • PALB2 is required for the localization of BRCA2 to sites of DNA damage ( 14 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Because PALB2 localizes BRCA2 to DNA damage foci ( 14 ), we sought to determine how PALB2 itself is recruited to sites of DNA damage. (aacrjournals.org)
  • PALB2 and BRCA1 coimmunoprecipitated from extracts of MCF7 mammary adenocarcinoma cells, HeLa, and 293T cells using antibodies against either protein. (aacrjournals.org)
  • BRIP1 , BRCA2 and PALB2 are both Fanconi anemia genes and breast cancer susceptibility genes, and they encode proteins functioning downstream of FANCD2. (cdc.gov)
  • This protein can interact with the ssDNA-binding protein RPA , BRCA2 , PALB2 [10] and RAD52 . (wikipedia.org)
  • Há também o domínio chamado Coiled Coil em BRCA1, por meio do qual este interage com BRCA2 por intermédio da proteínas PALB2 (partner and localizer of BRCA2) durante o reparo por recombinação homólogo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our data suggest the breast-cancer risk for PALB2 mutation carriers may overlap with that for BRCA2 mutation carriers. (ugent.be)
  • Biallelic mutations in PALB2, which encodes a BRCA2 interacting protein, cause Fanconi anaemia subtype FA-N and predispose to childhood cancer. (cancerresearchuk.org)
  • 2011). Contribution of inherited mutations in the BRCA2-interacting protein PALB2 to familial breast cancer. (springer.com)
  • PALB2 (Partner and Localizer of BRCA2) was first identified as a BRCA2-interacting protein. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Consistent with its function in HR and its interaction with key HR proteins, PALB2-deficient cells are hypersensitive to ionizing radiation and DNA interstrand crosslinking agents such as mitomycin C and cisplatin. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Due to their close functional relationship, bi-allelic mutations of PALB2 and BRCA2 cause particularly severe forms of FA, called FANCN and FANCD1, both characterized by severe congenital abnormalities and very early onset of various cancers. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • The PALB2 protein was identified as a BRCA2-interacting protein using mass spectrometry. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • In this way, PALB2 functions in a large network of HR proteins and seems to have a key role in coordinating their function (Park et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • 2015). Importantly, direct interactions of the N- and C-termini of PALB2 with BRCA1 and BRCA2, respectively, physically links these tumor suppressor proteins (Sy et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • The encoded proteins can be subdivided within the FA pathway into three groups: proteins that make up the core complex, the FANCD2 and FANCI proteins which compose the ID complex and five downstream effector proteins: FANCD1/BRCA2, FANCJ/BRIP1/BACH1, FANCN/PALB2, FANCO/RAD51C and FANCP/SLX4. (els.net)
Interacts12
  • These pictures, published in Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, not only reveal its structure and how it interacts with other proteins and DNA but will help in further understanding its role in DNA repair and cancer risk . (theconversation.com)
  • We previously reported that BCCIPα interacts with BRCA2. (asm.org)
  • We show that a second isoform, BCCIPβ, also interacts with BRCA2 and that this interaction occurs in a region shared by BCCIPα and BCCIPβ. (asm.org)
  • Preliminary data indicate that BRCA2 interacts with Stat proteins upon ligand stimulation. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Interacts with the transactivation domain of BRCA2 (PubMed:14651845). (rcsb.org)
  • In the nucleus of many types of normal cells, the BRCA2 protein interacts with several other proteins to mend breaks in DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
  • BRCA2 is ubiquitinated in vivo and interacts with USP11, a deubiquitinating enzyme that exhibits prosurvival function in the cellular response to D. (nih.gov)
  • BRCA2 specifically interacts with USP11. (nih.gov)
  • Moreover, BRCA2 interacts with the meiosis-specific recombinase DMC1 , thus implicating BRCA2 in meiotic recombination. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • This gene encodes a centrosomal protein that interacts with BRCA2, and is required for centriole duplication and cytokinesis. (genecards.org)
  • [16] The BRCA1 protein associates with RNA polymerase II , and through the C-terminal domain, also interacts with histone deacetylase complexes. (wikipedia.org)
  • This RING domain interacts with associated proteins, including BARD1 , which also contains a RING motif, to form a heterodimer. (wikipedia.org)
BRCA7
  • Quest Diagnostics, the world's leading provider of diagnostic information services, and Inserm, the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research institution, today launched BRCA Share, a novel datashare initiative they co-founded to provide scientists and laboratory organizations around the world with open access to BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic data. (news-medical.net)
  • We have recently described an involvement of H2AX into the Fanconi anemia (FA) BRCA pathway through recruitment of FA protein FANCD2 to the sites of stalled replication forks. (biomedsearch.com)
  • The BRCA gene encodes for the BRCA proteins, BRCA1 and BRCA2. (news-medical.net)
  • BRCA gene mutations may cause the body to build or fold these proteins incorrectly. (healthline.com)
  • Amongst all the six isolated compounds tested, 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylpentan-1-one (compound 1 ) and 2-[(3-methylbutoxy) carbonyl] benzoic acid (compound 2 ) were found to be more active in inhibiting BRCA and COX target proteins, which also showed the better results for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. (hindawi.com)
  • These agents block the actions of PARP proteins, which, like BRCA proteins, help repair DNA damage in cells. (cancer.gov)
  • Blocking PARP proteins in breast cancer cells that already have a defect in DNA repair-because of BRCA mutations-may lead to further DNA damage and cell death. (cancer.gov)
Encodes6
  • This gene encodes a subunit of the BRCA1-BRCA2-containing complex (BRCC), which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase. (creativebiomart.net)
  • BRCA2 encodes a protein of 3418 amino acids with a molecular weight of 384 kDa. (beds.ac.uk)
  • The analysis of its sequence predicts that the gene encodes a protein with 3,418 amino acids but provides very few clues pointing to its biological function. (pnas.org)
  • The BRCA2 gene encodes a 11386 bp mRNA transcript. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • BRCA2 exon 11 encodes eight conserved motifs termed BRC repeats. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • This was found to correspond to gene locus 79728 (LOC79728), which encodes putative protein FLJ21816 (Xia et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Cancers13
  • Thus, cytokinesis defects are unlikely to contribute to chromosomal instability and tumorigenesis in BRCA2 -related cancers. (biologists.org)
  • Germline mutations in BRCA2 predispose to hereditary breast cancers. (embopress.org)
  • Olaparib, an experimental twice-daily oral cancer drug, produces an overall tumor response rate of 26 percent in several advanced cancers associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, according to new research co-led by the Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania. (news-medical.net)
  • Germ-line changes in the cancer-predisposition gene BRCA2 are found in a small proportion of breast cancers. (nih.gov)
  • The necessity for earlier genetic alterations before biallelic inactivation of a recessive tumor susceptibility gene such as BRCA2 may explain why affected carriers have normal numbers of neoplastic precursor lesions, a relatively low phenotypic penetrance, and late age of onset of pancreatic and other cancers. (nih.gov)
  • It is not clear why different individuals with BRCA2 mutations develop cancers in different organs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Germ-line mutations in BRCA2 account for the same percentage of familial breast cancers as BRCA1 ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
  • Inherited mutations in BRCA2 are associated with a predisposition to early-onset breast cancers. (beds.ac.uk)
  • Increased risk of several other cancers are associated with BRCA2 mutations, especially for prostate and pancreatic cancer. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • 1 2 Among genes associated with HBOC, BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer the highest lifetime risks of these cancers and are the most frequently mutated genes in women with HBOC. (bmj.com)
  • 3-6 Other cancers also show elevated incidence of mutations in BRCA1 (melanoma and testicular) and BRCA2 (male breast cancer, prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer). (bmj.com)
  • BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient cancers are recognized as the main responders to a class of drugs known as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The antibody component of T-DM1 is called trastuzumab, which works by binding to and inactivating HER2, a protein that is overproduced on the surface of cancer cells in about one-quarter of breast cancers. (mskcc.org)
Mutation carriers4
  • This study aimed to determine whether telomere length (TL) is a marker of cancer risk or genetic status amongst two cohorts of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and controls. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • 95% CI 0.9-4.1) for BRCA2 mutation carriers but not for BRCA1 mutation carriers. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In addition, BRCA2 mutation carriers had an OR of 3.2 (95% CI, 1.4-7.3) of high Gleason score, but no increased risk was observed for lower grade cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We demonstrate that unmodified primary human fibroblasts derived from heterozygous BRCA2 mutation carriers show significantly prolonged cytokinesis. (hindawi.com)
Recombinase2
  • Recombinase recruited to the DSBs by the mediator protein BRCA2 catalyzes the homology-directed repair. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • Here, we show that human BRCA2 binds the meiosis‐specific recombinase DMC1 and define the primary DMC1 interaction site to a 26 amino‐acid region (BRCA2 2386-2411 ). (embopress.org)
Chromosome8
  • BRCA2-deficient cells exhibit alterations in chromosome number (aneuploidy), as well as structurally aberrant chromosomes. (sciencemag.org)
  • We have used time-lapse microscopy, recently developed cytokinesis assays and BAC recombineering (bacterial artificial chromosome recombinogenic engineering to investigate the function and localization of BRCA2 during cell division. (biologists.org)
  • Suzuki et al , 1997 ), an analysis of the role of BRCA2 in meiosis has been made possible through the generation of a viable Brca2 null mouse carrying a bacterial artificial chromosome containing the human BRCA2 gene ( Sharan et al , 2004 ). (embopress.org)
  • BRCA2 is a gene on chromosome 13 that normally helps to suppress cell growth. (news-medical.net)
  • Our findings further define the intricate interface between FANC and HRR proteins in maintaining chromosome stability. (elsevier.com)
  • BRCA2 was identified ( 1 , 2 ) based on its initial mapping to chromosome 13q12-13 by linkage analysis of families with inherited breast cancer not attributed to mutations in BRCA1 ( 3 ). (pnas.org)
  • The first number indicates the chromosome, which means BRCA1 can be found on chromosome 17, BRCA2 on chromosome 13. (howstuffworks.com)
  • 3 The discovery of the BRCA2 gene on chromosome 13q12-13 soon followed, employing similar techniques. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
Human BRCA25
  • Human BRCA2 is 3,418 aa and is composed of several domains. (pnas.org)
  • These mice, which exhibit low levels of expression of human BRCA2 protein in the gonads, are infertile because spermatocytes fail to progress beyond the early prophase I stage of meiosis. (embopress.org)
  • Synthetic peptide mapping to the N terminus of human BRCA2. (abcam.com)
  • We systematically evaluated a large panel of human BRCA2 variants for the production of alternative transcripts and assessed their capacity to exert BRCA2 protein functionality. (nature.com)
  • Human BRCA2 protein is composed of 3418 amino acids (384 kDa). (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
Pathway12
  • Also, other proteins which involved in the same pathway with BRCC3 were listed below. (creativebiomart.net)
  • All of these results imply that BRCA2 expression levels are regulated by ubiquitination in the cellular response to MMC-induced DNA damage and that USP11 participates in DNA damage repair functions within the BRCA2 pathway independently of BRCA2 deubiquitination. (nih.gov)
  • The FA proteins interact through a multiprotein pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we discuss a model for the FA pathway and how it could partially explain the common phenotypes of H2AX, BRCA2 and FA deficiencies. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Within the FA pathway, the multi-FA protein complex can act as an E3 ubiquitin ligase to monoubiquitinate FANCD2 and its paralog FANCI, and the monoubiquitinated FA proteins then function in concert with other known or unknown proteins to repair DNA damage and maintain chromosomal stability [3] , [8] . (plos.org)
  • However, it still remains unknown as to how the FA signaling pathway or FANCD2 protein functions. (plos.org)
  • It has also shown that PARP proteins are important components of this DNA repair pathway and that blocking PARP protein function can cause cells with cancer-associated BRCA1/2 mutations to die. (aacr.org)
  • Background The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that inactivation of virtually any component within the pathway containing the BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins would increase the risks for lymphomas and leukemias. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Although the exact mechanisms and functions of the FA pathway are yet to be discovered, the interaction of the members of the FA pathway with proteins associated with DNA repair, cellular signalling and oxidative stress management leads to the hypothesis that the FA pathway proteins serve many varied functions throughout the cell. (els.net)
  • FA pathway proteins are involved in the intricate cellular signalling that occurs following DNA damage. (els.net)
  • FA pathway proteins are involved in regulating oxidative stress. (els.net)
  • The FA pathway proteins: The FA pathway is composed of at least 13 genes. (els.net)
Predispose2
  • Germ-line mutations inactivating BRCA2 predispose to cancer. (sciencemag.org)
  • This study postulates that IGH/MYC-induced BRCA2 deficiency may predispose Burkitt lymphoma cells to synthetic lethality triggered by PARP1 inhibitors. (aacrjournals.org)
Antibody3
  • An antibody that specifically recognises BRCA2 phosphorylated at serine 3291 was generated and used to analyse the phosphorylation status of endogenous BRCA2 during the cell cycle and after DNA damaging treatment. (beds.ac.uk)
  • This antibody recognizes the BRCA2 gene product, a 390-kDa nuclear protein. (novusbio.com)
  • To investigate the localization of the BRCA2 protein during cytokinesis, immunofluorescence staining using antibody directed against BRCA2 was carried out. (hindawi.com)
Carriers5
  • The strong correlation between the functional assays and likelihood model data suggests that these functional assays are an excellent method for identifying inactivating missense mutations in the BRCA2 DBD and that the assays may be a useful addition to models that predict the likelihood of cancer in carriers of missense mutations. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Predicted loss-of-function (LoF) variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 , such as nonsense variants, frame-shifting indels, and variants at the canonical splice sites, are considered to be associated with high cancer risk and carriers and their family members are managed accordingly. (nature.com)
  • Carriers of a BRCA2 variation specific to Iceland are more likely to develop aggressive and lethal prostate cancer than noncarriers, according to researchers working with the Icelandic Cancer Registry. (genengnews.com)
  • Several epidemiologic studies have reported that carriers of germline mutations in the BRCA2 gene have an increased risk of prostate cancer, with the highest risk observed in men diagnosed at earlier ages. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The cumulative OC risk at age 80 years is 44 and 17% for BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant carriers, respectively ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Interaction7
  • Although it has been reported that BRCA1 and BRCA2 coimmunopurify ( 8 - 10 ), the interaction may be indirect and may involve only a small proportion of either protein ( 6 , 7 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • In an effort to elucidate the cellular function of BRCA2, we have studied the interaction between BRCA2 and other cellular proteins in mammary epithelial cells. (beds.ac.uk)
  • FANCD2, like FANCD1/BRCA2, is not part of the core complex, and we previously showed direct BRCA2-FANCD2 interaction using yeast two-hybrid analysis. (elsevier.com)
  • We also show that phosphorylation of FANCG serine 7 is required for its co-precipitation with BRCA2, XRCC3 and FANCD2, as well as the direct interaction of BRCA2-FANCD2. (elsevier.com)
  • Its interaction with BRCA2 suggests that it may play a central role in the DNA repair function of BRCA2 (PubMed:14651845). (rcsb.org)
  • This gene product was isolated on the basis of its interaction with BRCA2 and p21 proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • We discuss the interaction of BRCA1 with the BACH1 and BARD1 proteins, and suggest that the pleiotropic nature of mutations in BRCA1 may be associated with defects in protein-protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
Nuclear8
  • Eight of the FA proteins, including FANCG, participate in a nuclear core complex that is required for the monoubiquitylation of FANCD2 and FANCI. (elsevier.com)
  • In an attempt to address this question, specific antibodies were prepared that identified the gene product of BRCA2 as a 390-kDa nuclear protein. (pnas.org)
  • A nuclear complex containing FANCG (as well as FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCE, FANCF, FANCL and FANCM) is essential for the activation of the FANCD2 protein to the mono-ubiquitinated isoform. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two nuclear localization signals (NLS) have been identified in the C-terminal region of BRCA2. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • BRCA2 is a nuclear protein. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • It is an evolutionarily conserved nuclear protein with multiple interacting domains. (wikipedia.org)
  • This protein also contains nuclear localization signal s and nuclear export signal motifs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within chromatin, FANCD2 and FANCI colocalise with DNA repair proteins including the downstream effector, FA proteins, at sites of DNA damage in nuclear foci. (els.net)
Chromosomal instability1
  • Our findings thus link cytokinetic abnormalities to a hereditary cancer syndrome characterized by chromosomal instability and may help to explain why BRCA2-deficient tumors are frequently aneuploid. (sciencemag.org)
Defects8
  • Because as little as 2% of BRCA2 fused to RPA is sufficient to suppress cellular defects found in Brca2 -mutant mammalian cells, these results provide insight into the recently discovered diversity of BRCA2 domain structures in different organisms. (pnas.org)
  • But if there are mutations in BRCA2 this can cause defects in this repair process, making the repair inefficient or forcing cells to use alternative repair methods that are prone to mistakes, all of which contribute to mutations in the genomic DNA and so increase the risk of cancer developing. (theconversation.com)
  • If we could understand how intact BRCA2 protein repairs DNA, and the nature of the mutations, we could then develop methods to correct the defects in BRCA2 to ensure repair is carried out properly. (theconversation.com)
  • A role for BRCA2 in meiotic recombination has also been demonstrated in Arabidopsis thaliana where siRNA against BRCA2 leads to meiotic defects and partial sterility ( Siaud et al , 2004 ). (embopress.org)
  • Defects in BRCA2 are a cause of susceptibility to breast cancer (BC) [MIM:114480]. (abcam.com)
  • Defects in BRCA2 are the cause of pancreatic cancer type 2 (PNCA2) [MIM:613347]. (abcam.com)
  • Of 10 variants with odds in favor of causality in the likelihood model of 50:1 or more and a posterior probability of pathogenicity of 0.99, eight inactivated BRCA2 function and the other two caused splicing defects. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Without their associated proteins, several DNA repair processes would cease to function and, over time, as cells were exposed to radiation or chemical agents , more and more defects would accumulate. (howstuffworks.com)
MRNA10
  • BRCA2 has 27 exons and expresses an mRNA 11 kb in size ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
  • The expression pattern of BRCA2 mRNA is similar to that of BRCA1 , with highest levels in the testis, thymus, and ovaries ( 10 ). (pnas.org)
  • During mouse development, Brca2 mRNA is first detected on embryonic day 7.5, a time of rapid proliferation ( 11 ). (pnas.org)
  • At the cellular level, expression is regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner with peak expression of BRCA2 mRNA in S phase ( 12 ). (pnas.org)
  • Adriamycin and other DNA-damaging agents have been shown to reduce BRCA2 mRNA levels in breast cancer cell lines, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. (elsevier.com)
  • In addition, we present evidence indicating that adriamycin and other DNA-damaging agents reduce BRCA2 mRNA and protein levels by altering both BRCA2 mRNA stability and protein stability. (elsevier.com)
  • Wu, K, Jiang, SW & Couch, FJ 2003, ' p53 mediates repression of the BRCA2 promoter and down-regulation of BRCA2 mRNA and protein levels in response to DNA damage ', Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol. 278, no. 18, pp. 15652-15660. (elsevier.com)
  • For many BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants (both intronic and exonic) an effect on mRNA splicing has been reported using either patient RNA or minigene analysis. (nature.com)
  • BRCA2 mRNA expression levels in BRCA2 +/− and BRCA2 +/+ cells were quantified with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). (hindawi.com)
  • Lower BRCA2 mRNA expression levels were observed in the BRCA2 heterozygous samples compared with the BRCA2 wild type samples. (hindawi.com)
Regulates1
  • MEILB2 directly binds to BRCA2 and regulates its association to meiotic DSBs. (physiciansweekly.com)
Genetics2
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2 - update and implications on the genetics of breast cancer: a clinical perspective. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Methods to test for the likelihood of a patient with mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 developing cancer were covered by patents owned or controlled by Myriad Genetics . (wikipedia.org)
Localizer1
  • Here we identify a meiotic localizer of BRCA2, MEILB2/HSF2BP, that localizes to the site of meiotic DSBs in mice. (physiciansweekly.com)
Mutations in the BRCA2 Gene5
  • Mutations in the BRCA2 gene have been studied mainly in families with high risk of breast cancer in females, and male breast cancer also has been associated with BRCA2 mutations. (nih.gov)
  • Mutations in the BRCA2 gene are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in both men and women, as well as several other types of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Inherited mutations in the BRCA2 gene also increase the risk of several other types of cancer, including pancreatic cancer and an aggressive form of skin cancer called melanoma. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Results indicate that protein-truncating mutations in the BRCA2 gene increase susceptibility to high-grade prostate cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 60 years), and that mutations in the BRCA2 gene may be important in prostate cancer susceptibility. (aacrjournals.org)
Amino3
  • With 3,418 amino acids as building blocks, BRCA2 is one of the largest proteins in the cell - and one of the most difficult. (theconversation.com)
  • The putative 622-amino acid protein has a leucine-zipper motif at its N-terminus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein may be abnormally short or may not have the correct sequence of amino acids. (howstuffworks.com)
Localization3
  • We conclude that localization of BRCA2 to meiotic DSBs is mediated by MEILB2, which is an integral mechanism to repair abundant meiotic DSBs. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • The BRCA2 protein localizes and accumulates to the midbody during cytokinesis, and no difference was detected in distribution and localization of the protein between BRCA2 +/− and BRCA2 +/+ samples or cells with delayed cytokinesis and normal division time. (hindawi.com)
  • The delayed cytokinesis phenotype of the BRCA2 heterozygous cells and localization of the BRCA2 protein to the midbody confirms that BRCA2 plays a role in cytokinesis. (hindawi.com)
Variants14
  • Protein-truncating variants in moderate-risk breast cancer susceptibility genes: a meta-analysis of high-risk case-control screening studies. (semanticscholar.org)
  • In contrast, the influence of many missense mutations, intronic variants, and in-frame deletions and insertions in the BRCA2 gene, also called variants of uncertain significance (VUS) or unclassified variants, has not been determined. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported. (wikipedia.org)
  • Current interpretation guidelines for germline variants in high-risk cancer susceptibility genes consider predicted loss-of-function (LoF) variants, such as nonsense variants and variants in the canonical splice site sequences of BRCA2 , to be associated with high cancer risk. (nature.com)
  • The ACMG/AMP guidelines pose that the Pathogenic Very Strong (PVS1) code for predicted loss-of-function variants (nonsense, frameshift, canonical ±1 or 2 splice sites, initiation codon, single or multiexon deletion) may no longer be valid if a variant induces an in-frame deletion or insertion that leaves the functional domains of the protein intact. (nature.com)
  • Progress in implementing functional assays to assess missense variants of BRCA1 and BRCA2 is considered here, along with current limitations and the path to more impactful assay systems. (bmj.com)
  • While functional assays have been developed to independently evaluate BRCA1 and BRCA2 VUS, high-throughput assays with sufficient sensitivity to characterise the large number of identified variants are lacking. (bmj.com)
  • Additionally, because of relatively low conservation of certain domains of BRCA1, and of BRCA2, between humans and rodents, heterologous expression in rodent cells may have limited reliability or capacity to assess variants present throughout either protein. (bmj.com)
  • Genetic testing for pathogenic variants in BRCA1 , BRCA2 and other cancer susceptibility genes is recommended for individuals with a strong family and/or personal history of HBOC (see figure 1 ), since risk preventative strategies improve outcomes. (bmj.com)
  • Inherited variants in particular genes, such as BRCA1 , BRCA2 , and HOXB13 , account for some cases of hereditary prostate cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In addition, men with BRCA2 or HOXB13 gene variants may have a higher risk of developing life-threatening forms of prostate cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The BRCA1/BRCA2 panel demonstrates extremely high specificity and unmatched coverage uniformity across a wide range of DNA inputs, allowing highly sensitive calling of germline and somatic variants while maximizing sequencer efficiency. (neb.com)
  • BRCA1 / BRCA2 tumor testing by next-generation sequencing (NGS) can detect simultaneously both somatic and germline variants, allowing the identification of more patients with higher likelihood of benefiting from PARPi. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our main goal was to determine the frequency of somatic and germline BRCA1 / BRCA2 variants in a series of non-mucinous OC, and to define the best strategy to be implemented in a routine diagnostic setting for the screening of germline/somatic variants in these genes, including the BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu Portuguese founder variant. (frontiersin.org)
Instability3
  • A class of environmental and endogenous toxins induces BRCA2 haploinsufficiency and genome instability. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The Brca2 protein acts as a tumor suppressor, and its loss results in genome instability ( 1 , 30 , 35 ). (asm.org)
  • However, interpretation of their phenotype may be hampered by additional mutations acquired during the derivation of the line as a result of the genomic instability imposed by impaired Brca2 function. (asm.org)
Fanconi3
  • The Fanconi anemia core complex consists of eight Fanconi anemia proteins (FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCL and FANCM) and is essential for the monoubiquitination and activation of FANCD2 ('D2' in the figure) after DNA damage. (cdc.gov)
  • Shaded proteins are encoded by genes that cause Fanconi anemia. (cdc.gov)
  • Fanconi anemia group G protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FANCG gene. (wikipedia.org)
Transcriptional5
  • The N-terminal part of the BRCA2 protein contains a transcriptional activation domain (aa 18-105). (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • This function of BRCA2 is regulated by the binding of the EMSY protein to the region of BRCA2 responsible for transcriptional activation. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • An excess of EMSY results in silencing of BRCA2-driven transcriptional activation. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • EMSY (EMSY, BRCA2 Interacting Transcriptional Repressor) is a Protein Coding gene. (genecards.org)
  • Thus, this protein plays a role in transcription, and DNA repair of double-strand DNA breaks [14] ubiquitination , transcriptional regulation as well as other functions. (wikipedia.org)
Recombination3
  • BRCA2 is also required for meiotic recombination. (embopress.org)
  • Activated FANCD2 protein may function prior to the initiation of meiotic recombination, perhaps to prepare chromosomes for synapsis, or to regulate subsequent recombination events. (wikipedia.org)
  • The BRCA2 protein has been implicated in DNA repair and recombination, but the full spectrum of its cellular activities is still unclear. (sciencemag.org)
Exon 111
  • Using a gene knockout method to create mice with BRCA2 mutations, homozygous mutant mice with BRCA2 truncated from the 5′ half of exon 11 cannot survive embryogenesis (refs. (pnas.org)
Acts as a tumor suppressor1
  • The BRCA2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that acts as a tumor suppressor. (medlineplus.gov)
FANCD23
  • We now show in human and hamster cells that expression of FANCG protein, but not the other core complex proteins, is required for co-precipitation of BRCA2 and FANCD2. (elsevier.com)
  • These results argue that FANCG has a role independent of the FA core complex, and we propose that phosphorylation of serine 7 is the signalling event required for forming a discrete complex comprising FANCD1/BRCA2-FANCD2-FANCG-XRCC3 (D1-D2-G-X3). (elsevier.com)
  • Activated FANCD2 protein co-localizes with BRCA1 (breast cancer susceptibility protein) at ionizing radiation-induced foci and in synaptonemal complexes of meiotic chromosomes (see Figure: Recombinational repair of double strand damage). (wikipedia.org)
Interactions5
  • Cells that fail to express either phospho-Ser7-FANCG, or full length BRCA2 protein, lack the interactions amongst the four component proteins. (elsevier.com)
  • Above) The encoded protein is shown in blue with key domains and/or motifs that mediate interactions shown in black. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • In many cases, however, the specificity and significance of these protein/protein interactions may require further investigation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interactions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 with other proteins, or protein complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This hypothesis has been supported by work elucidating the interactions of FA proteins with proteins known to be involved in DNA‐damage sensing, signalling and repair. (els.net)
Repair damaged8
  • Scientists have taken pictures of the BRCA2 protein for the first time, showing how it works to repair damaged DNA. (news-medical.net)
  • As a result, less of this protein is available to help repair damaged DNA or fix mutations that occur in other genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These mutations impair the ability of the BRCA2 protein to help repair damaged DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2 are unrelated proteins, [10] but both are normally expressed in the cells of breast and other tissue, where they help repair damaged DNA , or destroy cells if DNA cannot be repaired. (wikipedia.org)
  • In normal cells, these genes help make proteins that repair damaged DNA. (cancer.org)
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2 are human genes that produce tumor suppressor proteins which help repair damaged DNA. (eurekalert.org)
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes create tumor-suppressing proteins and help repair damaged DNA. (self.com)
  • The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes produce tumor suppressor proteins that help repair damaged DNA in cells. (cancer.gov)
Genetic9
  • New research confirms a vulnerability to lung cancer can be inherited and implicates the BRCA2 gene as harboring one of the involved genetic mutations. (news-medical.net)
  • By helping to repair DNA, the BRCA2 protein plays a critical role in maintaining the stability of a cell's genetic information. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Real capacity of BRCA1/BRCA2 is to control the cell division, repair the damaged DNA and stabilized the genetic material of the cell. (who.int)
  • BRCA2 germline mutation in ESCC patients may play a role in genetic susceptibility to familial ESCC. (medscimonit.com)
  • Genetic analysis of BRCA2 in patients with familial ESCC could provide opportunities for targeted therapies. (medscimonit.com)
  • To further address this issue, 266 subjects from 194 HPC families participating in the Seattle-based Prostate Cancer Genetic Research Study were screened for BRCA2 mutations by sequencing the coding regions, intron-exon boundaries, and suspected regulatory elements of this gene. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The proteins produced from the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are involved in fixing damaged DNA, which helps to maintain the stability of a cell's genetic information. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Of these, about 10-15 percent are estimated to be affected by BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic mutations, Dr. Ross said. (eurekalert.org)
  • Genetic studies conducted in BRCA1 - and BRCA2 -defective cell lines [ 7 , 9 , 10 ] have further revealed that these tumour suppressor genes are required for maintenance of genome integrity and for normal levels of resistance to DNA damage. (biomedcentral.com)
Pancreatic4
  • Patients harboring germline BRCA2 mutations are at an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer. (nih.gov)
  • We investigated the prevalence of biallelic inactivation of BRCA2 in the presumed precursors to invasive pancreatic ductal carcinomas, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). (nih.gov)
  • Surgical resection specimens from three patients with germline BRCA2 mutations who developed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were studied. (nih.gov)
  • These results suggest that biallelic inactivation of the BRCA2 gene is a relatively late event in pancreatic tumorigenesis. (nih.gov)
Recombinational Repair1
  • Esashi F, Christ N, Gannon J, Liu Y, Hunt T, Jasin M, West SC: CDK-dependent phosphorylation of BRCA2 as a regulatory mechanism for recombinational repair. (beds.ac.uk)
Susceptibility to breast1
  • Proteins outlined in blue are encoded by genes that confer susceptibility to breast cancer. (cdc.gov)
Gene mutations4
  • Most BRCA2 gene mutations lead to the production of an abnormally small, nonfunctional version of the BRCA2 protein from one copy of the gene in each cell. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Inherited BRCA2 gene mutations have been found to increase the risk of prostate cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • BRCA2 gene mutations likely reduce the BRCA2 protein's ability to repair DNA, allowing potentially damaging mutations to persist in various other genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Your doctor may order tests to look for BRCA1 , BRCA2 , and HER2 gene mutations. (healthline.com)
Faulty BRCA2 gene2
  • Since the cells of people with a faulty BRCA2 gene should still be able to repair DNA using the BRCA2 protein made from the remaining, intact copy of the gene, something else must be at play. (naturalnews.com)
  • An estimated one in 100 people carries a faulty BRCA2 gene. (naturalnews.com)
Germline BRCA2 mutations2
  • The presence of the wild-type alleles was evaluated at the nucleotide positions of the germline BRCA2 mutations. (nih.gov)
  • The selection of study subjects for this analysis was based on several criteria with the goal to enrich the sample set with subjects who theoretically may have a higher probability of harboring germline BRCA2 mutations. (aacrjournals.org)
Mutant5
  • Expression of any of these protein fusions in Brca2 mutant cells substantially improved HDR while suppressing mutagenic repair. (pnas.org)
  • While BRCA2 could be deubiquitinated by USP11 in transient overexpression assays, a catalytically inactive USP11 mutant had no effect on BRCA2 ubiquitination or protein levels. (nih.gov)
  • Antagonism of USP11 function either through expression of this mutant or through RNA interference increased cellular sensitivity to MMC in a BRCA2-dependent manner. (nih.gov)
  • In the non-mutant mouse, FANCG protein is expressed in spermatogonia, preleptotene spermatocytes and spermatocytes in the leptotene, zygotene and early pachytene stages of meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Knowledge of a protein and how it behaves could lead to the development of a search for chemical compounds, and eventually drugs that can stop mutant versions of the protein from wreaking havoc in cells. (healthcanal.com)
Binds1
Genes produce2
  • The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes produce proteins that act as tumor suppressor proteins. (aacr.org)
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes produce a type of protein known as tumor suppressor proteins. (healthline.com)
Germ-line3
  • The importance of germ-line BRCA2 mutations in individuals without a family history of breast cancer is unknown. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, germ-line BRCA2 mutation can be present without a strong family history of breast cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Estimation is based on the incidence of breast cancer in relatives of cases found to carry a germ-line protein-truncating mutation in one of the tested exons, which cover about two-thirds of the coding regions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 . (aacrjournals.org)
Familial breast cancer3
  • A BRCA2 founder mutation, BRCA2 999del5, accounts for the majority of familial breast cancer cases in Iceland. (beds.ac.uk)
  • The BRCA2 gene was identified based on its involvement in familial breast cancer. (pnas.org)
  • However, mutations in BRCA2 , like BRCA1 , are mainly found in familial breast cancer but seldom occur in sporadic cases ( 8 , 9 ). (pnas.org)
Hereditary1
  • However, studies of the contribution of BRCA2 mutations to the etiology of hereditary prostate cancer (HPC) have been inconsistent. (aacrjournals.org)