Bovine respiratory disease complex. Medical search

A multifactorial disease of CATTLE resulting from complex interactions between environmental factors, host factors, and pathogens. The environmental factors act as stressors adversely affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM and other host defenses and enhancing transmission of infecting agents.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria normally commensal in the flora of CATTLE and SHEEP. But under conditions of physical or PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS, it can cause MASTITIS in sheep and SHIPPING FEVER or ENZOOTIC CALF PNEUMONIA in cattle. Its former name was Pasteurella haemolytica.

A species of gram-negative bacteria that causes MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA OF SWINE. The organism damages the CILIA in the airways of the pig, and thus compromises one of the most effective mechanical barriers against invading pathogens. The resulting weakening of the IMMUNE SYSTEM can encourage secondary infections, leading to porcine respiratory disease complex.

A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.

A chronic, clinically mild, infectious pneumonia of PIGS caused by MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE. Ninety percent of swine herds worldwide are infected with this economically costly disease that primarily affects animals aged two to six months old. The disease can be associated with porcine respiratory disease complex. PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA is often found as a secondary infection.

Infections with bacteria of the family PASTEURELLACEAE.

Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

A species of gram-negative bacteria causing MASTITIS; ARTHRITIS; and RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES in CATTLE.

Chronic endemic respiratory disease of dairy calves and an important component of bovine respiratory disease complex. It primarily affects calves up to six months of age and the etiology is multifactorial. Stress plus a primary viral infection is followed by a secondary bacterial infection. The latter is most commonly associated with PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA producing a purulent BRONCHOPNEUMONIA. Sometimes present are MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA; HAEMOPHILUS SOMNUS and mycoplasma species.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria normally found in the flora of the mouth and respiratory tract of animals and birds. It causes shipping fever (see PASTEURELLOSIS, PNEUMONIC); HEMORRHAGIC BACTEREMIA; and intestinal disease in animals. In humans, disease usually arises from a wound infection following a bite or scratch from domesticated animals.

A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Macrolide antibiotic obtained from cultures of Streptomyces fradiae. The drug is effective against many microorganisms in animals but not in humans.

A methylsulfonyl analog of CHLORAMPHENICOL. It is an antibiotic and immunosuppressive agent.

The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous plants, insects, or other animals. This includes control of plants that serve as habitats or food sources for animal pests.

Infections with bacteria of the genus PASTEURELLA.

A species of RESPIROVIRUS, subfamily PARAMYXOVIRINAE, most often seen in conjunction with a secondary infection of MANNHEIMIA HAEMOLYTICA resulting in pneumonic pasteurellosis (PASTEURELLOSIS, PNEUMONIC).

A species of CORONAVIRUS infecting neonatal calves, presenting as acute diarrhea, and frequently leading to death.

A species of PNEUMOVIRUS causing an important respiratory infection in cattle. Symptoms include fever, conjunctivitis, and respiratory distress.

Permanent deprivation of breast milk and commencement of nourishment with other food. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Observation and acquisition of physical data from a distance by viewing and making measurements from a distance or receiving transmitted data from observations made at distant location.

Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock.

A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.

Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.

Nutritional physiology of animals.

A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.

The science of breeding, feeding and care of domestic animals; includes housing and nutrition.

A disease of the horny parts and of the adjacent soft structures of the feet of cattle, swine, and sheep. It is usually caused by Corynebacterium pyogenes or Bacteroides nodosus (see DICHELOBACTER NODOSUS). It is also known as interdigital necrobacillosis. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 18th ed)

The group in which legal authority is vested for the control of health-related institutions and organizations.

The faculty of expressing the amusing, clever, or comical or the keen perception and cleverly apt expression of connections between ideas that awaken amusement and pleasure. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Examination of the mouth and teeth toward the identification and diagnosis of intraoral disease or manifestation of non-oral conditions.

Images used to comment on such things as contemporary events, social habits, or political trends; usually executed in a broad or abbreviated manner.

The distal extremity of the leg in vertebrates, consisting of the tarsus (ANKLE); METATARSUS; phalanges; and the soft tissues surrounding these bones.

Procedures, such as TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES; mathematical models; etc., when used or advocated for use in place of the use of animals in research or diagnostic laboratories.

A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.

The largest country in North America, comprising 10 provinces and three territories. Its capital is Ottawa.

The protection of animals in laboratories or other specific environments by promoting their health through better nutrition, housing, and care.

The use of animals as investigational subjects.

Alternatives to the use of animals in research, testing, and education. The alternatives may include reduction in the number of animals used, replacement of animals with a non-animal model or with animals of a species lower phylogenetically, or refinement of methods to minimize pain and distress of animals used.

Javelin diagrams: applications in veterinary medical decision analysis. (1/41)

This paper introduces javelin diagrams as an innovative way for depicting the results of medical decision analyses. The methods were used to determine whether, and at which values, blood lactate in Belgian White and Blue or maximum tidal volumes in Holstein calves should be measured before deciding to treat or not a calf suffering from the bovine respiratory disease complex. The different alternatives depended upon the probabilities of survival with and without treatment and upon the costs associated with a possible death, the test and the treatment. The chosen alternative was the one with the lowest expected costs. From data collected on the treated calves, the expected costs of measuring lactate (198.01 euro) and tidal volumes (27.38 euro) before deciding to treat or not were lower than the expected costs of directly treating sick Belgian Blue (215.39 euro) and Holstein (51.55 euro) calves, respectively. The treatment should be applied to sick Belgian Blue calves with blood lactate < or = 7.8 mmol/L and to Holstein calves with a maximum tidal volume > or = 1.81 L. At such test values, the treatment expected costs were lower than the expected costs associated with no treatment of calves with other test values. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses showing benefits in treating animals with a positive test (over not treating the animals with a negative test) were mostly invariant to changes in any cost value but were sensitive to uncertainties in probabilities of survival with or without treatment. The javelin diagrams provided a clear visual indication of such results. They depicted how and by how much the benefits were affected by uncertainties in probabilities, they proposed different information values associated with the chosen alternative, and identified directions for further research. (+info)

Influence of breed, heterozygosity, and disease incidence on estimates of variance components of respiratory disease in preweaned beef calves. (2/41)

The objective of this study was to characterize genetic and environmental factors influencing bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in beef cattle. Records from nine purebred and three composite breeds and a variety of F1 and three-way crosses, including the progeny of 12 additional different sire breeds produced over a 20-yr period (1983 to 2002), were evaluated for breed and heterozygosity effects on the observed incidence of BRD. Heterozygosity fractions for calves and dams were defined by generalized breed origins: British, Continental, and tropically adapted. Variance components were estimated for each pure and composite breed, and across all breeds and crossbreeds. The effect of incidence of observed BRD was determined by comparing groups of low and high years of incidence. Respiratory disease in this herd followed a standard epidemiological pattern of initial introduction, reaching an epidemic stage at 70 to 170 d of age, followed by a period of rapid decrease to weaning. Estimates of heritability of incidence of BRD were low, ranging from 0.00 to 0.26, with overall estimates of 0.07 and 0.19 depending on the data set analyzed. The highest incidence of BRD in preweaned calves occurred in the Braunvieh breed (18.8%). The genetic correlation between the direct and maternal genetic effects was generally large and negative, suggesting dams genetically superior for resisting BRD raise calves that are more susceptible. Perhaps maternally superior dams provide passive immunity to their calves, which delays the development of the calves' direct immune system, making them more prone to BRD during the preweaning period. Heterozygosity of calves decreased the incidence of BRD compared with purebred cattle. Calves that were Continental x British or tropically adapted x British breeds had a lower incidence of BRD than did calves of British x British breeds. As the annual incidence of BRD increased, there was an associated increase in the heritability estimate. The estimated heritability based on an underlying continuous scale was large (h2 = 0.48), inferring response to selection for BRD resistance could be large if the phenotype for BRD resistance was known. (+info)

Diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in Ontario beef feedlots. (3/41)

This study determined the prevalence of diseases and pathogens associated with mortality or severe morbidity in 72 Ontario beef feedlots in calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival. Routine pathologic and microbiologic investigations, as well as immunohistochemical staining for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) antigen, were performed on 99 calves that died or were euthanized within 60 days after arrival. Major disease conditions identified included fibrinosuppurative bronchopneumonia (49%), caseonecrotic bronchopneumonia or arthritis (or both) caused by Mycoplasma bovis (36%), viral respiratory disease (19%), BVDV-related diseases (21%), Histophilus somni myocarditis (8%), ruminal bloat (2%), and miscellaneous diseases (8%). Viral infections identified were BVDV (35%), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (9%), bovine herpesvirus-1 (6%), parainfluenza-3 virus (3%), and bovine coronavirus (2%). Bacteria isolated from the lungs included M. bovis (82%), Mycoplasma arginini (72%), Ureaplasma diversum (25%), Mannheimia haemolytica (27%), Pasteurella multocida (19%), H. somni (14%), and Arcanobacterium pyogenes (19%). Pneumonia was the most frequent cause of mortality of beef calves during the first 2 months after arrival in feedlots, representing 69% of total deaths. The prevalence of caseonecrotic bronchopneumonia caused by M. bovis was similar to that of fibrinosuppurative bronchopneumonia, and together, these diseases were the most common causes of pneumonia and death. M. bovis pneumonia and polyarthritis has emerged as an important cause of mortality in Ontario beef feedlots. (+info)

Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle: phenotypic, environmental, and genetic correlations with growth, carcass, and longissimus muscle palatability traits. (4/41)

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most costly feedlot disease in the United States. Selection for disease resistance is one of several possible interventions to prevent or reduce the economic loss associated with animal disease and to improve animal welfare. Undesirable genetic relationships, however, may exist between production and disease resistance traits. The objectives of this study were to estimate the phenotypic, environmental, and genetic correlations of BRD with growth, carcass, and LM palatability traits. Health records on 18,112 feedlot cattle over a 15-yr period and slaughter data on 1,627 steers over a 4-yr period were analyzed with bivariate animal models. Traits included ADG, adjusted carcass fat thickness at the 12th rib, marbling score, LM area, weight of retail cuts, weight of fat trim, bone weight, Warner-Bratzler shear force, tenderness score, and juiciness score. The estimated heritability of BRD incidence was 0.08 +/- 0.01. Phenotypic, environmental, and genetic correlations of the observed traits with BRD ranged from -0.35 to 0.40, -0.36 to 0.55, and -0.42 to 0.20, respectively. Most correlations were low or negligible. The percentage of carcass bone had moderate genetic, phenotypic, and environmental correlations with BRD (-0.42, -0.35, and -0.36, respectively). Hot carcass weight and weight of retail cuts had moderate, undesirable phenotypic correlations with BRD (0.37 and 0.40, respectively). Correlations of BRD with LM palatability and ADG were not detected. Low or near zero estimates of genetic correlations infer that selection to reduce BRD in feedlot cattle would have negligible correlated responses on growth, carcass, and meat palatability traits or that selection for those traits will have little effect on BRD susceptibility or resistance. (+info)

Source of dietary lipid may modify the immune response in stressed feeder cattle. (5/41)

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A comparison of 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever/bovine respiratory disease. (6/41)

The aim of this study was to compare 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever (UF)/bovine respiratory disease (BRD). At feedlot arrival, 3882 calves were enrolled in the study and randomly allocated to 2 groups, which were housed by group in 12 pens. At the time of allocation, 1 group (MLV3-BT2) received a multivalent, modified-live viral vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) and types I and II bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), as well as a Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) and Pasteurella multocida bacterin-toxoid. The other group (MLV4-BT1) received a vaccine containing IIBRV, type I BVDV, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza-3 virus, as well as a MH bacterin-toxoid. At an average of 69 days post arrival, the groups received their respective viral vaccines. The initial UF treatment, overall chronicity, overall wastage, overall mortality, and BRD mortality rates were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the MLV3-BT2 group than in the MLV4-BT1 group. Average daily gain and the proportions of yield grade Canada 3 and quality grade E carcasses were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the MLV3-BT2 group than in the MLV4-BT1 group. No significant (P > or = 0.05) difference in the dry matter intake to gain ratio was detected between the 2 groups. In economic terms, there was a net advantage of $20.86 CDN/animal in the MLV3-BT2 group. This study demonstrates that it is more cost effective to use an MLV3-BT2 vaccination program than a MLV4-BT1 vaccination program in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing UF/BRD. (+info)

Microbiological and histopathological findings in cases of fatal bovine respiratory disease of feedlot cattle in Western Canada. (7/41)

The aim of this study was to describe the microbiologic agents and pathologic processes in fatal bovine respiratory disease (BRD) of feedlot cattle and to investigate associations between agents and pathologic processes. Ninety feedlot calves diagnosed at necropsy with BRD and 9 control calves without BRD were examined, using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and histopathologic studies. Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) (peracute, acute, and subacute cases) and Mycoplasma bovis (MB) (subacute, bronchiolar, and chronic cases) were the most common agents identified in fatal BRD cases. Significant associations (P < 0.10) were detected between microbiologic agents and between agents and pathologic processes. When IHC staining was used, 25/26 (96%) of animals that were positive for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) were also positive for MH; 12/15 (80 %) of animals that were positive for Histophilus somni (HS) were also positive for MB; and all of the animals that were positive for HS were negative for MH and BVDV. This quantitative pathological study demonstrates that several etiologic agents and pathologic processes are involved in fatal BRD of feedlot cattle. (+info)

Effects of commingling beef calves from different sources and weaning protocols during a forty-two-day receiving period on performance and bovine respiratory disease. (8/41)

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... is also a known causative agent that is a part of the Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) complex, which ... Histophilosis may be present as a component of the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex which has a higher incidence in feedlot ... "Structured Literature Review of Responses of Cattle to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Causing Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex ... "Structured Literature Review of Responses of Cattle to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Causing Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histophilus_somni

... (BRD) is the most common and costly disease affecting beef cattle in the world. It is a complex, ... Lillie, L. E. (1974). "The bovine respiratory disease complex". The Canadian Veterinary Journal. 15 (9): 233-42. PMC 1696627. ... Viral agents include Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ( ... 2010 Recognition and Treatment of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex, John F. Currin and W. Dee Whittier / Virginia Cooperative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine_respiratory_disease

The bovine EClC protein has 903 amino acids and four putative transmembrane segments. The purified complex, when reconstituted ... Thomsen disease is associated with dominant mutations and Becker disease with recessive mutations in CLCN1. CLCA1, CLCA2, CLCA3 ... The first member of this family to be characterized was a respiratory epithelium, Ca2+-regulated, chloride channel protein ... Another inherited disease that affects the kidney organs is Dent's Disease, characterised by low molecular weight proteinuria ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride_channel

Carroll J, Fearnley IM, Skehel JM, Shannon RJ, Hirst J, Walker JE (October 2006). "Bovine complex I is a complex of 45 ... There is some evidence that complex I defects may play a role in the etiology of Parkinson's disease, perhaps because of ... Type I NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial complex I) is the first large protein complex of the respiratory chains of myriad ... Conserved subunits of Complex I[30] # Human/Bovine subunit Human protein Protein description (UniProt) Pfam family with Human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADH_dehydrogenase_

... forms reddish complex with iron; its affinity for iron is 300 times higher than that of transferrin. The affinity ... Bovine lactoferrin has more activity against H. pylori than human lactoferrin. Lactoferrin acts, mostly in vitro, on a wide ... Lactoferrin levels in tear fluid have been shown to decrease in dry eye diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome. A rapid, portable ... Respiratory tract antimicrobial defense system GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000012223 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoferrin

In the early 21st century, the bovine disease rinderpest, caused by -ssRNA rinderpest virus, became the second disease to be ... Negative-strand RNA viruses contain a ribonucleoprotein complex composed of the genome and an RdRp attached to each segment of ... Human respiratory syncytial virus (Paramyxoviridae) Parainfluenza (Paramyxoviridae) Rabies (Rhabdoviridae) Vesicular stomatitis ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 5 February 2018. Retrieved 6 August 2020. Velasco-Villa A, Mauldin MR, Shi M ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative-strand_RNA_virus

1L0L In vertebrates the bc1 complex, or Complex III, contains 11 subunits: 3 respiratory subunits, 2 core proteins and 6 low- ... "Complete structure of the 11-subunit bovine mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex". Science. 281 (5373): 64-71. doi:10.1126/ ... Fisher N, Castleden CK, Bourges I, Brasseur G, Dujardin G, Meunier B (March 2004). "Human disease-related mutations in ... The bc1 complex contains 11 subunits, 3 respiratory subunits (cytochrome B, cytochrome C1, Rieske protein), 2 core proteins and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coenzyme_Q_–_cytochrome_c_reductase

"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 175 (2): 174-83. doi:10.1164/rccm.200607-1029OC. PMC 2720149. PMID ... "Archives of Disease in Childhood. 67 (5): 657-61. doi:10.1136/adc.67.5.657. PMC 1793702. PMID 1599309.. ... protein complex. • extracellular region. • cell surface. • specific granule. • phagocytic vesicle lumen. • extracellular ... Occurrence of iron-containing red protein in bovine milk was reported as early as in 1939;[8] however, the protein could not be ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoferrin

... complex regional pain syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease and angina. The general process for spinal ... Delgado hinted at the power of neuromodulation with his implants in the bovine septal region and the ability of electrical ... and functional therapy ranging from bladder and bowel or respiratory control to improvement of sensory deficits, such as ... For Parkinson's disease central nervous system targets include the subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus interna, and the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromodulation_(medicine)

Diagnosis and treatment of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care ... M. tuberculosis Complex Pathogen , CDC EID [online]. Cdc.gov, 2010-07-29 [cit. 2010-11-07]. Dostupné online.. ... Bovine Tuberculosis [online]. The Center for Food Security and Public Health, 2007, rev. 2009-07-20. Dostupné online.. ... Fact Sheets: The Difference Between Latent TB Infection and Active TB Disease [online]. Centers for Disease Control, 2010-07-01 ...

https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulóza

... it is also effective in the treatment of urinary tract inflammatory disease in man.[47] For a time, bovine liver SOD even had ... Diminished SOD3 activity has been linked to lung diseases such as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) or Chronic ... Crystal structure of the human SOD1 enzyme (rainbow-color N-terminus = blue, C-terminus = red) complexed with copper (orange ... Cu-Zn-SOD available commercially is normally purified from bovine red blood cells. The bovine Cu-Zn enzyme is a homodimer of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orgotein

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-National Center for Diseases-Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Respiratory ... Classification of Adenoviridae can be complex. In humans, there are 57 accepted human adenovirus types (HAdV-1 to 57) in seven ... Bovine mastadenovirus A. *Bovine mastadenovirus B. *Bovine mastadenovirus C. *Canine mastadenovirus A ... from mild respiratory infections in young children (known as the common cold) to life-threatening multi-organ disease in people ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenoviridae

Griffith D, Kerr C (1996.). "Tuberculosis: disease of the past, disease of the present". J Perianesth Nurs svezak 11 (broj 4): ... The European respiratory journal: official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology svezak 37 (broj ... White, PC, Böhm, M, Marion, G, Hutchings, MR (rujan 2008.). "Control of bovine tuberculosis in British livestock: there is no ' ... van Soolingen D (1997.). "A novel pathogenic taxon of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Canetti: characterization of an ...

https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloza

Fact Sheets: The Difference Between Latent TB Infection and Active TB Disease. Centers for Disease Control. 20. juni 2011. ... The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology 35 (1): 27-33. ... August 2001). "Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex DNA from an extinct bison dated 17,000 years before the present". Clin. ... White, PC; Böhm, M, Marion, G, Hutchings, MR (2008 Sep). "Control of bovine tuberculosis in British livestock: there is no ' ...

https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulose

The ratio of oxidative phosphorylation complexes I-V in bovine heart mitochondria and the composition of respiratory chain ... Raha S, Robinson B. Mitochondria, oxygen free radicals, disease and ageing. „Trends Biochem Sci". 25 (10), s. 502-8, 2000. DOI ... a b Hirst J. Energy transduction by respiratory complex I-an evaluation of current knowledge. „Biochem. Soc. Trans.". 33 (Pt 3 ... a b Sazanov L.A., Hinchliffe P. (2006) Structure of the hydrophilic domain of respiratory complex I from Thermus thermophilus. ...

https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforylacja_oksydacyjna

An arbitrarily chosen DNA fragment derived from the mRNA transcript of bovine serum albumin was evolved through random point ... DNA complex catalysed a Diels-Alder reaction in water between cyclopentadiene and an aza chalcone. The reaction products (endo ... Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV),[32] human rhinovirus 14[33] and HCV[34] ... UC is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases defined by chronically relapsing inflammations of the gastrointestinal tract, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoxyribozyme

"Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. svezak 45 (broj 4): str. ... The European respiratory journal: official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. svezak 37 (broj ... White, PC; Böhm, M, Marion, G, Hutchings, MR (2008). "Control of bovine tuberculosis in British livestock: there is no 'silver ... 1997). "A novel pathogenic taxon of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Canetti: characterization of an exceptional isolate ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkuloza

"Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 45 (4): 436-8. doi: ... The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. 35 (1): 27-33 ... White, PC (2008 Sep). "Control of bovine tuberculosis in British livestock: there is no 'silver bullet'". Trends in ... Namun, gen "Micobacterium tuberculosis" complex (MTbC) pada manusia telah dibandingkan dengan MTbC pada binatang, dan teori ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberkulosis

"Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 45 (4): 436-8. doi: ... The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. 35 (1): 27-33 ... Ang M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) kabilang ang apat na iba pang nagdudulot ng TB, mycobacteria: "M. bovis," "M. africanum," "M ... Gumamit sila ng attenuated bovine-strain tuberculosis, at tinawag nila ang bakuna na BCG (bacillus of Calmette and Guérin). Ang ...

https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosis

Dull TJ, Uyeda C, Strosberg AD, Nedwin G, Seilhamer JJ (September 1990). "Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding bovine and human ... Galijasevic S, Saed GM, Diamond MP, Abu-Soud HM (September 2004). "High dissociation rate constant of ferrous-dioxy complex ... Mikola H, Waris M, Tenovuo J (March 1995). "Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1, respiratory syncytial virus and ... "The antioxidant role of thiocyanate in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis and other inflammation-related diseases". Proc. ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoperoxidase

This disease used to kill thousands of children every year: an associated condition was commonly called croup, which created ... That's how Michel Weinberg, Metchnikoff's scholar, disclosed the complex etiology of gas gangrene and created a vaccine for ... Having finally lost completely its virulence, the bovine tuberculosis germ grown with their method was the principal ... like the paralysis of the respiratory muscles. It is this last consequence of the diphtheria that provided the two researchers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur_Institute

Due to the strength of the ATP-Mg2+ interaction, ATP exists in the cell mostly as a complex with Mg2+. bonded to the phosphate ... It involves substrate-level phosphorylation in the absence of a respiratory electron transport chain. The equation for the ... Abrahams, J.; Leslie, A.; Lutter, R.; Walker, J. (1994). "Structure at 2.8 Å resolution of F1-ATPase from bovine heart ... "Mammalian ABC transporters in health and disease" (PDF). Annual Review of Biochemistry. 71: 537-592. doi:10.1146/annurev. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate

The respiratory centers try to maintain an arterial CO2 pressure of 40 mm Hg. With intentional hyperventilation, the CO2 ... In Alzheimer's disease the brain's hydrogen sulfide concentration is severely decreased. In a certain rat model of Parkinson's ... However, the issues are complex, as neovascular growth is not always beneficial, since it plays a role in tumor growth, and ... Einarsdóttir O, Caughey WS (5 Jul 1988). "Interactions of the anesthetic nitrous oxide with bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaseous_signaling_molecules

... they are subject to a number of diseases. Among the conditions affecting goats are respiratory diseases including pneumonia, ... Handbook of Milk of Non-Bovine Mammals. Blackwell Publishing.. *^ "Milk analysis". North Wales Buffalo. Archived from the ... This is the same type of complex communication observed by animals bred as domestic pets, such as dogs. Researchers believe ... Diseases. Main article: List of infectious sheep and goat diseases. While goats are generally considered hardy animals and in ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goat_milk

The disease can be fatal by causing bladder cancer and hematemesis.[14] Schistosoma species have a complex life cycle that ... Furious (more common type) rabies causes hyperactivity, hydrophobia, aerophobia, and death by cardio-respiratory arrest occurs ... "Schistosomiasis-Disease". CDC, Division of Parasitic Diseases. Retrieved 2016-10-17.. *^ a b c d e f g h i "Soil-transmitted ... List of diseases[edit]. There is some debate among the WHO, CDC, and infectious disease experts over which diseases are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neglected_Tropical_Diseases

Griffith D, Kerr C (1996). "Tuberculosis: disease of the past, disease of the present". J Perianesth Nurs 11 (4): 240-5. doi: ... American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.). Diagnostic standards and ... Gutiérrez García JM (2006 May). "Meat as a vector of transmission of bovine tuberculosis to humans in Spain: a historical ... M.tuberculosis complex ஆனது, காசநோயை உருவாக்கவல்ல, வேறு மூன்று மைக்கோபக்டீரியாக்களை உள்ளடக்கியுள்ளது. அவையாவன M. bovis, M. ...

https://ta.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/காச_நோய்

"The ratio of oxidative phosphorylation complexes I-V in bovine heart mitochondria and the composition of respiratory chain ... Raha S, Robinson B (2000). "Mitochondria, oxygen free radicals, disease and ageing". Trends Biochem Sci. 25 (10): 502-8. doi: ... "Towards the molecular mechanism of respiratory complex I". Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit; Hirst J. ... Cecchini G (2003). "Function and structure of complex II of the respiratory chain". Annu Rev Biochem. 72: 77-109. doi:10.1146/ ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosforilasi_oksidatif

"The ratio of oxidative phosphorylation complexes I-V in bovine heart mitochondria and the composition of respiratory chain ... Raha S, Robinson BH (2000). "Mitochondria, oxygen free radicals, disease and ageing". Trends Biochem. Sci. 25 (10): 502-8. doi: ... Complex I or NADH-Q oxidoreductase. The abbreviations are discussed in the text. In all diagrams of respiratory complexes in ... Cecchini G (2003). "Function and structure of complex II of the respiratory chain". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 72: 77-109. doi:10.1146 ...

https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/ഓക്സിഡേറ്റീവ്_ഫോസ്ഫോറിലേഷൻ

This made him realise that the vector of the disease were lice that were discarded with the patient's own clothes.[3] Nicolle ... That's how Michel Weinberg, Metchnikoff's scholar, disclosed the complex etiology of gas gangrene and created a vaccine for ... Having finally lost completely its virulence, the bovine tuberculosis germ grown with their method was the principal ... like the paralysis of the respiratory muscles.[1]:73 It is this last consequence of the diphtheria that provided the two ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur_Institute

"The ratio of oxidative phosphorylation complexes I-V in bovine heart mitochondria and the composition of respiratory chain ... Raha S, Robinson BH (2000). "Mitochondria, oxygen free radicals, disease and ageing". Trends Biochem. Sci. 25 (10): 502-8. doi: ... Organization of complexesEdit. The original model for how the respiratory chain complexes are organized was that they diffuse ... Complex II Competitive inhibitors of succinate dehydrogenase (complex II).[91]. Antimycin A Piscicide Complex III Binds to the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_phosphorylation

"Smallpox Disease and Its Clinical Management" (PDF). From the training course titled "Smallpox: Disease, Prevention, and ... Circulating immune complexes, overwhelming viremia, or an uncontrolled immune response may be contributing factors.[23] In ... Respiratory complications tend to develop on about the eighth day of the illness and can be either viral or bacterial in origin ... He himself died of the disease in 1774. William III lost his mother to the disease when he was only ten years old in 1660, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox

... complexes. IgA. 2. Found in mucosal areas, such as the gut, respiratory tract and urogenital tract, and prevents ... Disease therapy[edit]. Targeted monoclonal antibody therapy is employed to treat diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis,[59] ... in biochemical assays for disease diagnosis,[55] a titer of antibodies directed against Epstein-Barr virus or Lyme disease is ... several immunodiagnostic methods based on detection of complex antigen-antibody are used to diagnose infectious diseases, for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody

Rosenbloom J (Dec 1984). "Elastin: relation of protein and gene structure to disease". Laboratory Investigation. 51 (6): 605-23 ... durable complex. The unlinked tropoelastin molecules are not normally available in the cell, since they become crosslinked into ... Stretched elastin isolated from bovine aorta. In the body, elastin is usually associated with other proteins in connective ... leading to diseases such as SVAS. The expression of tropoelastin mRNA is highly regulated under at least eight different ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastin

"Archives of Disease in Childhood. 89 (4): 386-389. doi:10.1136/adc.2002.017186. PMC 1719883. PMID 15033856.. ... Organ transplants are not regulated by the FDA.[138] It is essential that the HLA complexes of both the donor and recipient be ... "The circulatory-respiratory determination of death in organ donation*". Critical Care Medicine. 38 (3): 963-970. doi:10.1097/ ... Heart Valve (deceased-donor, living-donor and xenograft [porcine/bovine]). *Bone (deceased-donor and living-donor) ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_transplants

... bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD Type 1 and BVD Type 2), parainfluenza Type 3 (PI3), and bovine respiratory syncytial (BRSV) viruses ... Parkinson's disease. Tasigna (nilotinib). Chronic myelogenous leukemia (first-line treatment[89]). 998. 2012[83]. 39%. NICE ... An ongoing Basel Campus Project has the aim to transform Novartis headquarters in Basel "from an industrial complex to a place ... 28 April 2011 Cheaper Drug to Treat Eye Disease Is Effective *^ a b Jeffreys, Branwen (2012-05-06). "Using Avastin for eye ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciba-Geigy

Similarly, dry cement powder in contact with mucous membranes can cause severe eye or respiratory irritation.[18][19][20][21] ... Cement sets when mixed with water by way of a complex series of chemical reactions still only partly understood. The different ... Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Sulfur Dioxide Exposure in Portland Cement Plants, from the Centers for Disease Control, states ... Meat and bone meal - slaughterhouse waste due to bovine spongiform encephalopathy contamination concerns ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portland_cement

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus Melioidosis (Whitmore's disease) ... Prion diseases. in other animals. *Bovine spongiform encephalopathy. *Camel spongiform encephalopathy. *Scrapie ... Intestinal disease by Capillaria philippinensis, hepatic disease by Capillaria hepatica and pulmonary disease by Capillaria ... Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease) Parvovirus B19 Exanthem subitum (Sixth disease) Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and Human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_infectious_diseases

Infectious diseases - Parasitic disease: protozoan infection: Excavata (A06-A07, B55-B57, 007, 085-086) ... Respiratory system/. acute viral nasopharyngitis/. viral pneumonia. DNA virus. *Epstein-Barr virus *EBV infection/Infectious ... ingestion of oocyst (sporulated), some species are zoonotic (e.g. bovine fecal contamination) ... M. avium complex/Mycobacterium avium/Mycobacterium intracellulare/MAP *MAI infection. *M. ulcerans *Buruli ulcer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_parasites_of_humans

Drugs that inhibit LTB4 production or binding to BLT1 are in use or development for the latter diseases.[24][25][26] In ... Fourteen years after the first publication on its detection in 1973, 12-HHT was reported to stimulate fetal bovine aortic and ... Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine. 8 (4): 381-3. doi:10.1586/17476348.2014.908715. PMID 24742066.. ... Fourie, A. M. (2009). "Modulation of inflammatory disease by inhibitors of leukotriene A4 hydrolase". Current Opinion in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic_acid

In 1906, the Austrian pediatrician Clemens von Pirquet postulated that disease-causing immune complexes were responsible for ... Spread of strep throat occurs by close contact, via respiratory droplets (for example, saliva or nasal discharge).[13] A person ... disease,[42] Filatov's disease, or fourth disease. However, in 1979, Keith Powell identified it as in fact the same illness as ... "The Lancet: Infectious Disease. Retrieved 28 November 2017.. *^ Branswell, Helen. "Scarlet fever, a disease of yore, is making ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarlatiniform_rash

2bn2: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BOVINE NEUROPHYSIN II COMPLEXED WITH THE VASOPRESSIN ANALOGUE PHE-TYR AMIDE ... Role in disease[edit]. There may be a connection between arginine vasopressin and autism.[34] ... A variety of diseases affecting the brain or the lung (infections, bleeding) can be the driver behind SIADH. A number of drugs ... in some forms of von Willebrand disease and in mild haemophilia A) and in extreme cases of bedwetting by children. Terlipressin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin

Leese, A.S. (1927). A Treatise on the One-Humped Camel in Health and in Disease. Lincolnshire, UK: Haynes and Son.. ... A study found bovine calf rennet could be used to coagulate dromedary milk.[117] A special factory has been set up in ... a complex of arteries and veins lying very close to each other which uses countercurrent blood flow to cool blood flowing to ... in Egypt was the first to show the dromedary might be a host for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).[ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/🐪

... diagnosis and prevention of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), a common pre-weaning and post-weaning beef calf disease ... Epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention of bovine respiratory disease complex. K-REx Repository. Search K-REx. This Collection ... Epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention of bovine respiratory disease complex. Hanzlicek, Gregg Alan ... Keywords: Epidemiology; Bovine respiratory disease. Graduation Month: December. Degree: Doctor of Philosophy. Department: ...

http://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/handle/2097/6685

... presenting signs of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD). A total of 195 YB (Charolais, Limousin and Rouge-des-Prés breeds) from 6 ... presenting signs of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD). A total of 195 YB (Charolais, Limousin and Rouge-des-Prés breeds) from 6 ... The use of infrared thermography as an early indicator of bovine respiratory disease complex in calves. Res Vet Sci (2007) 83: ... Keywords: antimicrobial use, decreased regimen, early treatment, fluoroquinolone, cattle, bovine respiratory disease complex, ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2017.00143/full

Furthermore, bovine RSV plays a significant role in bovine respiratory disease complex, the most prevalent cause of morbidity ... Bovine RSV is a cause of enzootic pneumonia in young dairy calves and summer pneumonia in nursing beef calves. ... Infection of calves with bovine RSV shares features in common with RSV infection in children, such as an age-dependent ... This review will summarize available data that provide parallels between bovine RSV infection in neonatal calves and human RSV ...

http://mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/12/3731

... and Histophilus somni in feedlot cattle for mitigating the incidence and effect of bovine respiratory disease complex. Vet Clin ... Bovine Respiratory Disease. Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is the most common and costly disease affecting the North American ... bovine parainfluenza virus (PI-3); bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV); bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVD), and bovine ... The epidemiology of bovine respiratory disease: what is the evidence for preventive measures? Can Vet J. 2010 Dec;51(12):1351-9 ...

http://www.beefresearch.ca/research-topic.cfm/bovine-respiratory-disease-38?intlink=rceoc

GRIFFIN, D., CHENGAPPA, M. M., KUSZAK, J., & MCVEY, D. S. Bacterial pathogens of the bovine respiratory disease complex. ... cattle with bovine parainfluenza virus 3 and Mycoplasma bovis at acute and chronic stages of bovine respiratory disease complex ... Bovine respiratory disease complex associated mortality and morbidity rates in feedlot cattle from southeastern Brazil. Journal ... Evaluation of novel multiplex qPCR assays for diagnosis of pathogens associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex. ...

https://sea.ufr.edu.br/SEA/article/view/1255

... in risk with multiple viral exposures highlights the importance of concurrent infections in the aetiology of the BRD complex. ... bovine respiratory disease; seroepidemiology; bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1; bovine herpesvirus 1; bovine respiratory ... Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most important cause of clinical disease and death in feedlot cattle. Respiratory viral ... Effects of exposure to Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (BVDV-1), Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), Bovine respiratory syncytial ...

https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/46932/

An evaluation of bovine respiratory disease complex in feedlot cattle: Impact on performance and carcass. traits using ... Considering that bovine respiratory disease (BRD) costs producers between $500 and $900 million annually1-4, treating and ... Field efficacy study of gamithromycin for the control of bovine respiratory disease in cattle at high risk of. developing the ... Field efficacy evaluation of gamithromycin for treatment of bovine respiratory disease in cattle at feedlots. Intern J Appl Res ...

http://surehealth.com/tips/ZACTRAN

... is a multifactorial and complex disorder caused due to combination of more than one microbial pathogens, impaired host... ... bovine respiratory disease treatment market trendsbovine respiratory disease treatment market sharebovine respiratory disease ... Global Bovine Respiratory Disease Treatment Market Is Projected To Reach US$1,543.9 Mn By 2024. Press Release • Jan 23, 2017 16 ... As bovine respiratory diseases account for 65% to 80% of morbidity and 45% to 75% mortality rate in livestock animals, the ...

http://www.mynewsdesk.com/in/pressreleases/global-bovine-respiratory-disease-treatment-market-is-projected-to-reach-us$1543-dot-9-mn-by-2024-1761087

Bovine Respiratory Disease may be hard to diagnosis. Have to keep in mind that prey animals, like ruminants, have evolved to ... Bovine Coronnavirus (implications relatively recent). Viruses typically arent severe on their own, but they are often the ... Disease incidence measured as 0 or 1. Subclinicals/shedders analyzed as healthy. How do we overcome these difficulties?. Large ... BIF 2019: Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) Research at US-MARC * Get link ...

http://blog.steakgenomics.org/2019/06/bif-2019-bovine-respiratory-disease-brd.html

Antonyms for bovine respiratory disease. 22 synonyms for bovine: cow-like, taurine, calf-like, cattle-like, dull, heavy, slow, ... Synonyms for bovine respiratory disease in Free Thesaurus. ... bovine respiratory disease. *Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex ... Bovine respiratory disease synonyms, bovine respiratory disease antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com https://www.freethesaurus.com/ ... bovine. (redirected from bovine respiratory disease). Also found in: Dictionary, Medical, Legal, Acronyms, Encyclopedia. # ...

https://www.freethesaurus.com/bovine+respiratory+disease

... warning sign went up as results came in from two Alberta projects exploring the susceptibility of bacteria involved in bovine ... up as results came in from two Alberta projects exploring the susceptibility of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease ... Its complex and really depends on the bug and the drug," says Schmid. ... This could be because of changes in the virulence (disease-causing) factors over time as observed by feedlot veterinarians in ...

https://www.canadiancattlemen.ca/features/tracking-resistance-to-drugs-in-cattle-bugs/

Immune evasion by pathogens of bovine respiratory disease complex - Volume 8 Issue 2 - Subramaniam Srikumaran, Clayton L. ... Viruses that play prominent roles in causing the bovine respiratory disease complex include bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine ... Bovine respiratory tract disease is a multi-factorial disease complex involving several viruses and bacteria. ... Immune evasion by pathogens of bovine respiratory disease complex. * Subramaniam Srikumaran (a1), Clayton L. Kelling (a2) and ...

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/animal-health-research-reviews/article/immune-evasion-by-pathogens-of-bovine-respiratory-disease-complex/927F29BB207D24D834BD9207CF904102

Bovine kidney cells were cultured in duplicate in 96-well plates and exposed to 0 or 50 μg/mL of total histones for 18 h with 1 ... Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in feedlot cattle. Significant ... Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in feedlot cattle. Significant ... Cattle with increased severity of bovine respiratory disease complex exhibit decreased capacity to protect against histone ...

https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/animalscifacpub/968/

Selection for cattle with reduced susceptibility to respiratory disease would provide a permanent tool for reducing the ... is an infectious disease of cattle that is caused by a combination of viral and/or bacterial pathogens. ... From: Susceptibility loci revealed for bovine respiratory disease complex in pre-weaned holstein calves ... Bovine respiratory syncytial virus 20.8 (7.7) 4.9 (2.5) 16.3 (6.3) 2.9 2.2-3.8 ,0.0001 ...

https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-15-1164/tables/1

Learn about the veterinary topic of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex. Find specific details on this topic and related topics ... Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex By John Campbell , DVM, DVSc, Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary ... Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) has a multifactorial etiology and develops as a result of complex interactions between ... Respiratory Diseases of Cattle. The clinical signs of frontal sinusitis include fever, anorexia, nasal discharge, changes in ...

https://www.msdvetmanual.com/respiratory-system/respiratory-diseases-of-cattle/bovine-respiratory-disease-complex

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most common and costly disease affecting beef cattle in the world. It is a complex, ... Lillie, L. E. (1974). "The bovine respiratory disease complex". The Canadian Veterinary Journal. 15 (9): 233-42. PMC 1696627. ... Viral agents include Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ( ... 2010 Recognition and Treatment of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex, John F. Currin and W. Dee Whittier / Virginia Cooperative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine_respiratory_disease

Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is considered the most significant illness associated with feedlot cattle in North ... Multiplex real-time RT-PCR detection of three viruses associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex ... Multiplex real-time RT-PCR detection of three viruses associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex. Journal of ... Bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhoea virus and bovine parainfluenza virus 3 are three of the major viruses associated ...

https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/47635/

Bovine abortion, diarrhea, and respiratory disease complexes, caused by infectious agents, result in high and significant ... We collected 117 samples and screened them for 44 bovine abortive, diarrheal, and respiratory disease complex pathogens by ... Dembo polymerase chain reaction technique for detection of bovine abortion, diarrhea, and respiratory disease complex ... Animals , Birds , Cattle , Cockroaches , Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral , Diarrhea , Diptera , Disease Reservoirs , Disease ...

https://search.bvsalud.org/gim/resource/en/wprim-758819

Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex. Cattle Llamas Animal model. Immunization for phage antibody libraries. Llamas. ...

https://www.wur.nl/en/Research-Results/Research-Institutes/Bioveterinary-Research/CRO/Animal-models-3/Animal-models-for-animal-health.htm

Calculation of genomic predicted transmitting abilities for bovine respiratory disease complex in Holsteins - (Abstract Only) ... Calculation of genomic predicted transmitting abilities for bovine respiratory disease complex in Holsteins. Journal of Dairy ... Applied Bovine Genomics: Chipping away at the genetics underlying disease traits. - (Abstract Only) ... BOVINE GENOMICS UPDATE: MAKING A COW JUMP OVER THE MOON () Sonstegard, T.S., Van Tassell, C.P. 2004. Bovine genomics update: ...

https://www.ars.usda.gov/people-locations/person/?person-id=5783

Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex. Enzootic Pneumonia of Calves and Shipping Fever Pneumonia ... Respiratory Diseases of Horses. Pleuropneumonia is most common in young athletic horses and is associated with several ... Proposed causes include respiratory viruses and bacteria, trauma to the trachea from feed bunks, passive congestion and edema ... The disease is usually very sporadic, with small numbers of animals in the population affected. ...

https://www.merckvetmanual.com/respiratory-system/respiratory-diseases-of-cattle/tracheal-edema-syndrome-of-feeder-cattle

Histophilus somni is also a known causative agent that is a part of the Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) complex, which ... Histophilosis may be present as a component of the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex which has a higher incidence in feedlot ... "Structured Literature Review of Responses of Cattle to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Causing Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex ... "Structured Literature Review of Responses of Cattle to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Causing Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histophilus_somni

... drug substances and disease conditions. VetCAST will adopt EUCAST approaches: the initial step will be data assessment; then ... drug substances and disease conditions. VetCAST will adopt EUCAST approaches: the initial step will be data assessment; then ... examples are bovine respiratory disease complex, swine respiratory disease etc. When several causative agents are involved, ... Apley, M. D. (2003). Susceptibility testing for bovine respiratory and enteric disease. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02344/full

... can potentially cause respiratory diseases in livestock. We isolated a new IDV strain from diseased cattle in Japan; this ... Influenza D virus (IDV; family Orthomyxoviridae) is one of the possible bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) causative ... bovine parainfluenza virus 3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine coronavirus, bovine rhinitis A virus, Mycobacterium ... Dane H, Duffy C, Guelbenzu M, Hause B, Fee S, Forster F, et al. Detection of influenza D virus in bovine respiratory disease ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/1/19-1092

Tissue Tropism in Host Transcriptional Response to Members of the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex *Susanta K. Behura ... permissionsfor article Tissue Tropism in Host Transcriptional Response to Members of the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex . ... A comprehensive manually-curated compendium of bovine transcription factors *Marcela M. de Souza ... Rights & permissionsfor article A comprehensive manually-curated compendium of bovine transcription factors . Opens in a new ...

http://www.nature.com/search?author=%22Luciana%20C.%20A.%20Regitano%22&error=cookies_not_supported&code=ca6d6d01-9bff-4ccf-ad1a-580f7e2a6584

Recognition and Treatment of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex. * Recognition and Treatment of Bovine Respiratory Disease ... Improperly managed, animal carcasses have the potential to spread disease and contaminate surface and groundwater supplies. ... assist Virginias farmers in understanding their mortality disposal options during natural disasters and non-infectious disease ...

http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/tags.resource.html?tag=pubs_ext_vt_edu:beef-cattle

Theres an innovative solution to fight cattle respiratory challenges when weaning calves and the answers is in cattle ... An evaluation of bovine respiratory disease complex in feedlot cattle: impact on performance and carcass traits using treatment ... Bacterial pathogens of the bovine respiratory disease complex. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2010;26(2):381-394. ... Economic effects of bovine respiratory disease on feedlot cattle during backgrounding and finishing phases. Stillwater (OK): ...

https://www.purinamills.com/cattle-feed/education/detail/feeding-weaned-calves-to-tackle-respiratory-challenges

Vaccination programs for beef cattle herds protect the animals from diseases caused by infectious organisms such as viruses, ... acute respiratory disease, especially in young cattle.. BVD (Bovine Virus Diarrhea). A disease caused by bovine viral diarrhea ... The disease is sometimes called red nose and often initiates the shipping fever complex. Many IBR vaccines include additional ... IBR (Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis). A disease caused by a herpes virus, resulting in respiratory signs, reproductive ...

https://www.aces.edu/blog/topics/livestock/vaccinations-for-the-beef-cattle-herd/

... is a serious disease caused when bacteria attack the respiratory system. There are three types of TB - human, avian, and bovine ... Bovine TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) which is part of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.. ... Bovine TB is a chronic disease and it can take years to develop. M. Bovis grows very slowly and only replicates every 12-20 ... Although bovine TB was once relatively common in cattle in the U.S., it has historically been a very rare disease in wild deer ...

http://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,1607,7-153-10319-99064--,00.html

The association between transportation and the occurrence of the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) has long been ... Invited review: Relationship between cattle transport, immunity and respiratory disease * B. Earley, K. Buckham Sporer, S. ... Evidence also supports the role of upper and lower airway dysfunction in the development of upper respiratory tract infection ... Journal: Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease / Volume 6 / Issue 5 / October 2015 ...

https://www.cambridge.org/core/search?filters%5Bkeywords%5D=physiology

... are respiratory pathogens of cattle that cause disease singly but are often associated with bovine respiratory disease complex ... Bovine vaccines currently contain BPI3V to provide protection against the virus, but there is no current information regarding ... differences between viruses from these genotypes and the BPI3Va viruses that are included in currently marketed bovine vaccines ... are respiratory pathogens of cattle that cause disease singly but are often associated with bovine respiratory disease complex ...

https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-015-0431-8

Infection of differentiated airway epithelial cells from caprine lungs by viruses of the bovine respiratory disease complex. ... Three viruses of the bovine respiratory disease complex apply different strategies to initiate infection. ... Mutations during the Adaptation of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus to the Respiratory Epithelium of Pigs Enhance Sialic Acid Binding ... Comparative analysis of the sialic acid binding activity and the tropism for the respiratory epithelium of four different ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=search&term=Herrler+G%5Bau%5D&dispmax=50

Bacterial Pneumonia and Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (Shipping Fever Complex) (Pasteurella spp.), Colibacillosis ( ... Foot rot is just one of the diseases Sustain can treat. I like them because my girls are hand-feeders and I can easily treat ... Boluses are indicated for the treatment of the following diseases when caused by one or more of the following pathogenic ...

http://cattletoday.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1423099

Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex: A Critical Review. Neelima Patel; Raj Kumar Patel; Jitendra Singh Rajoriya; Manoj Kumar ... Pattern of macrovascular disease phenotypes amongst newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in a rural institute in Uttar ... A Statistical Analysis of Trends in Mortality from Major Infectious Diseases of Global burden, 1990-2015. M. N. Megeri; H. H. ... Effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge of self-care management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among ...

http://www.scopemed.org/?term=Manoj%20Kumar&sarea=author&b1=Search+ScopeMed

BRSV infection may be indistinguishable from other viral infections associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex. ... and respiratory disease caused by IBR, BVD (Types 1 and 2), parainfluenza-3 (PI-3), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus ( ... DISEASE DESCRIPTION: IBR and BVD are commonly associated with reproductive and respiratory disease while BRSV and PI-3 are ... BRSV is the etiologic agent of a specific viral respiratory disease of cattle of all ages, including nursing calves. Infection ...

https://www.drugs.com/vet/cattlemaster-gold-fp-5-can.html

It could be argued that patients are suffering from MAC lung disease when they: 1) exhibit a positive respiratory culture for ... Serum samples were diluted 40-fold with PBS containing 1% bovine serum albumin. Diluted serum samples were added, followed by ... Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease in immunocompetent patients: radiography-CT correlation. Br J Radiol 2002;75:340-344. ... Serological test and chest computed tomography findings in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. S. Kitada, Y ...

https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/29/6/1217?ijkey=68e8a0fd3004cedb8708db70a80bd0bbf647043f&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Genomics of bovine respiratory disease complex at USMARC - (Abstract Only) Kuehn, L.A., Casas, E., Bennett, G.L., Chitko Mckown ... Genomics of bovine respiratory disease complex at USMARC [Invited abstract]. Journal of Animal Science. 89(E-Suppl. 2):61-62. ... Effect of Bovine Respiratory Disease and Overall Pathogenic Disease Incidence on Carcass Traits - (Peer Reviewed Journal) ... Markers on bovine chromosome 20 associated with fat related traits and incidence of contracting bovine respiratory disease - ( ...

https://www.ars.usda.gov/people-locations/person?person-id=46962

Bovine coronavirus Synonym(s): coronaviridae, BCV, bovine respiratory disease complex. Contributor(s): Veronica Fowler , Tammy ... Saif L J (2010) Bovine Respiratory Coronavirus. The Veterinary clinics of North America Food animal practice 26 (2), 349-364 ... Kapil S & Basaraba R J (1997) Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, and respiratory coronavirus. Vet Clin North ... Respiratory BCV infections can be fatal if the animal is also exposed to stress factors (eg transportation, corticosteroids, ...

https://www.vetstream.com/treat/bovis/bug/bovine-coronavirus

The role of Pasteurella haemolytica in the bovine respiratory disease complex. Vet Med 1986;81:838-846. ... Serological titers to bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza 3 virus, bovine respiratory syncytial ... A review of infectious bovine rhynotracheitis, shipping fever pneumonia and viralbacterial synergism in respiratory disease of ... The frequency, distribution and effects of antibodies to seven putative respiratory pathogens, on respiratory disease and ...

https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumenI.cgi?IDARTICULO=15209

BLODÖRN, K. Development and Evaluation of New Generation Vaccines Against BovineRespiratory Syncytial Virus. (edu.br)
Effects of exposure to Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (BVDV-1), Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), and to combinations of these viruses, were investigated. (edu.au)

SAUT, J. P. E. Bovine respiratory disease complex associated mortality and morbidity rates in feedlot cattle from southeastern Brazil. (edu.br)
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most important cause of clinical disease and death in feedlot cattle. (edu.au)
To quantify the contribution of four viruses commonly associated with BRD, a case-control study was conducted nested within the National Bovine Respiratory Disease Initiative project population in Australian feedlot cattle. (edu.au)
An example of this approach is how we work with feedlot customers and their influencers (consulting veterinarians) to build management programs aimed at solving problems caused by bovine respiratory disease (BRD). (freethesaurus.com)

DURHAM, P. J., & HASSARD, L. E. Prevalence of antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza 3, bovine respiratory syncytial, and bovine viral diarrhea viruses in cattle in Saskatchewan and Alberta. (edu.br)

BROWNLIE J. Bovine virus diarrhoea virus: pathogenesis and control. (edu.br)

cattle industry has made significant advancements in the last ten years in vaccine and antibiotic therapy, health and performance losses due to Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) in the U. (freethesaurus.com)

Respiratory viral infections are key components in predisposing cattle to the development of this disease. (edu.au)

PALOMARES, R. A. Bovine Respiratory Disease Vaccination Against Viral Pathogens: Modified-Live Versus Inactivated Antigen Vaccines, Intranasal Versus Parenteral, What Is the Evidence? (edu.br)

Host Tolerance to Infection with the Bacteria that Cause Bovine Respiratory Disease. (edu.br)
The warning sign went up as results came in from two Alberta projects exploring the susceptibility of bacteria involved in bovine respiratory disease (BRD) to available antimicrobials. (canadiancattlemen.ca)

ROTH, J. A. Innate immunology of Bovine Respiratory Diseases. (edu.br)

However, the modest increases in risk associated with seroincrease for each virus separately, and the progressive increases in risk with multiple viral exposures highlights the importance of concurrent infections in the aetiology of the BRD complex. (edu.au)

The therapeutic efficacy of an early treatment protocol with an infection-stage adjusted fluoroquinolone regimen was evaluated in a field study on young bulls (YBs) presenting signs of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). (frontiersin.org)

The Animal Performance Index provides ranchers and feedlots an analytical methodology allowing early identification of animals with an elevated risk for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD). (freethesaurus.com)

In food producing animals, the treatment of bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) represents one of the major uses of antimicrobials ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)

NUFLOR is expected to be a significant new tool for treating bovine respiratory disease in the United States," added Kohan. (freethesaurus.com)

Also known as bovine respiratory disease , shipping fever can kill the animals. (freethesaurus.com)

Viruses that play prominent roles in causing the bovine respiratory disease complex include bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus and parinfluenza-3 virus. (cambridge.org)
Viral agents include Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and Parainfluenza type-3 virus (PI-3). (wikipedia.org)
MLVs are mainly available for diseases caused by viruses, such as bovine herpes virus 1, the causative agent of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and parainfluenza-3 virus (Pl3). (aces.edu)
CattleMaster GOLD FP 5 is for vaccination of healthy cattle, including pregnant cows, as an aid in preventing abortion caused by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR, bovine herpesvirus Type 1), persistently infected calves caused by bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) virus Types 1 and 2, and respiratory disease caused by IBR, BVD (Types 1 and 2), parainfluenza-3 (PI-3), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). (drugs.com)
Development of nested PCR assays for detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in clinical samples. (semanticscholar.org)
Two nested PCR assays were developed for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). (semanticscholar.org)
Comparison of four RT-PCR assays for detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. (semanticscholar.org)
Use of rapid human respiratory syncytial virus strip tests for detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in experimentally vaccinated calves. (semanticscholar.org)
Serological titers to bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza 3 virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus and Pasteurella haemolytica in feedlot calves with respiratory disease: associations with bacteriological and pulmonary cytological variables. (medigraphic.com)
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral cause of childhood acute lower respiratory tract infections. (mdpi.com)
In the UK, these bacteria are frequently identified in clinical cases of bovine respiratory disease (BRD), along with Mycoplasma bovis and viruses including bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), parainfluenza virus-3 (BPI3-V), bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) and bovine diarrhoea virus (BVDV) 5 . (nature.com)
The viruses include parainfluenza-3 (PI-3), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), an adenovirus, a reovirus, bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine rhinovirus. (thefreedictionary.com)
Cholesterol-rich lipid rafts are required for release of infectious human respiratory syncytial virus particles. (semanticscholar.org)
The viruses included in most MLV-BRD vaccines are infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), parainfluenza-3 virus (PI3), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). (nmsu.edu)
The aims of this study were to evaluate the presence of antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine herpes virus type 1 (BoHV-1), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) in healthy and BRD calves from family farming in relation to clinical signs of BRD. (bireme.br)

An initial pathogen (eg, a virus) may alter the animal's defense mechanisms, allowing colonization of the lower respiratory tract by bacteria. (msdvetmanual.com)
However, it has not yet been used to examine the microbiome of the bovine lower respiratory tract. (biomedcentral.com)
Under these conditions, M. haemolytica can be inhaled into the lower respiratory tract and cause severe, and often fatal, pneumonia ( 1 ). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
The various stresses associated with the feedlot causes a breakdown of the defense mechanisms that normally hold the nasal infections in check, resulting in a rapid proliferation of virulent Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A1 in particular and the spread to the lower respiratory tract. (up.ac.za)
Once stress factors and viruses attack an animal, dangerous bacteria, like Mycoplasma bovis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Histophillus somni, are given the perfect opportunity to settle into the lower respiratory tract with little resistance from the animal's immune system. (beefmagazine.com)

Bovine respiratory tract disease is a multi-factorial disease complex involving several viruses and bacteria. (cambridge.org)
Because of the number of possible viral/bacterial precursors to BRD, there are a number of treatment options circling around the three main aggravators of the disease: Viruses, Bacteria, and Stress. (wikipedia.org)
Proposed causes include respiratory viruses and bacteria, trauma to the trachea from feed bunks, passive congestion and edema from excessive fat accumulation in the thoracic inlet, hypersensitivity reactions, and mycotoxins. (merckvetmanual.com)
Based on virus neutralization using polyclonal antisera, there were antigenic differences between viruses from these genotypes and the BPI3Va viruses that are included in currently marketed bovine vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
Respiratory BCV infections can be fatal if the animal is also exposed to stress factors (eg transportation, corticosteroids, infection with other viruses). (vetstream.com)
Infection of differentiated airway epithelial cells from caprine lungs by viruses of the bovine respiratory disease complex. (tiho-hannover.de)
Three viruses of the bovine respiratory disease complex apply different strategies to initiate infection. (tiho-hannover.de)
The clinical syndrome is the same with any of the viruses: fever, increased respiratory rate, hacking cough, overloud breath sounds on auscultation of the lungs. (thefreedictionary.com)
Cotton rats, commonly used to study respiratory viruses, are an attractive model to study oncolytic virotherapy as syngeneic models of mammary carcinoma and osteosarcoma are well established. (jove.com)
This will be compared to tissue infected with respiratory bacteria or viruses to determine any changes caused by the infection. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Several bacteria, including Mannheimia haemolytica and numerous viruses, contribute to what is commonly referred to as bovine respiratory disease complex. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
The foundation for each vaccination approach discussed below is the administration a 7- or 8-way clostridial vaccine at 2 to 3 months of age (branding), plus a modified-live virus (MLV) vaccine given at the same time for viruses commonly associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex. (nmsu.edu)
147 bovine serums submitted to KSVDL were used to determine if there are any serological differences between the immune response to respiratory versus enteric viruses based on the antibodies produced by the animal. (k-state.edu)
The overall results show that there are few differences between the enteric and respiratory isolates at the genomic level and the serological response from the animal to these viruses. (k-state.edu)
The differences between enteric and respiratory virus will need to be further addressed and analyzed to conclude if there is a noteworthy difference between the viruses with different tropisms. (k-state.edu)
A bacterium causing "shipping fever" pneumonia, often after infection with one of the respiratory viruses such as IBR, PI3, BRSV, or BVD. (extension.org)

Histophilus somni is a normal part of mucosal microflora in the upper respiratory and genital tract of bovine and ovine animals, yet, under the right conditions is one of multiple bacteria responsible for causing bovine respiratory disease. (wikipedia.org)
Under normal conditions BRD complex bacteria symbiotically reside together in biofilm environments. (wikipedia.org)
Modified live vaccines (MLV) contain a small amount of virus or bacteria that has been altered so that it does not cause clinical disease when used according to product label directions. (aces.edu)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease caused when bacteria attack the respiratory system. (michigan.gov)
Bacteria released into the air through coughing and sneezing can spread the disease to uninfected animals. (michigan.gov)
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is caused by growth of single or multiple species of pathogenic bacteria in lung tissue following stress and/or viral infection. (biomedcentral.com)
No, this bacterium seems to attack the calf's lungs after some stressful event, and it's primarily the M. haemolytica bacteria that live in the upper respiratory tract as a part of the calf's "normal" bacterial flora that do the damage. (beefmagazine.com)
The stress on the calf's immune system, along with these bacteria that normally inhabit the upper respiratory system, could be all it takes to trigger a BRD event . (beefmagazine.com)
Vaccinating the calf before moving is also important, but the work by Timsit and Taylor shows that if we add too many stressors, the bacteria will travel to the lungs and likely cause disease. (beefmagazine.com)
With weaning being the biggest stressor, we need to have no other stressors that day, or opportunistic bacteria will likely storm down the trachea and set up shop, ready to cause disease. (beefmagazine.com)
While some may not impact dental health, disease causing bacteria in the mouth are rampant - ranging from species that cause the dental plaque that leads to cavities to forms that weaken the gums or cause bad breath. (bacteriality.com)
But when one mentions other parts of the body - let's say the gut - and points out that perhaps the majority of bacteria in that area are also causing inflammation and disease, the same researchers often strongly disagree. (bacteriality.com)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease caused by certain bacteria that attack the respiratory system of animals and humans. (michigan.gov)
Bacteria released into the air through coughing and sneezing can spread the disease when inhaled by uninfected animals. (michigan.gov)
When BRD hits, a perfect storm of stress factors, virus agents and bacteria are at play in the animal's respiratory system. (beefmagazine.com)
Anything that improves bacteria's ability to attach to respiratory mucosa, proliferate and migrate down into the lung impacts the respiratory tract and makes it susceptible to colonization with a wide variety of bacteria," Scruggs said. (beefmagazine.com)

More than 10 species of Mycoplasma have been isolated from the bovine respiratory tract, but not all are pathogenic. (up.ac.za)
Respiratory tract infections caused by Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni & Mycoplasma bovis Mastitis caused by E.Coli, Staphylococcus spp. (petsdocbox.com)

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is a member of the Herpesviridae family, and Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. (jove.com)
Critical assessment of an in vitro bovine respiratory organ culture system: a model of bovine herpesvirus-1 infection. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Immunity to Bovine Herpesvirus 1: II. (iastate.edu)
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) infection is widespread and causes a variety of diseases. (iastate.edu)
Although similar in many respects to the human immune response to human herpesvirus 1, the differences in the bovine virus proteins, immune system components and strategies, physiology, and lifestyle mean the bovine immune response to BHV-1 is unique. (iastate.edu)
Asmare, Kassahun 2018-02-01 00:00:00 Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) causes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), and infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV) in cows and infectious pustular balanopostitis (IPB) in bulls worldwide. (deepdyve.com)

As the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) global pandemic rages across the globe, the race to prevent and treat this deadly disease has led to the "off-label" repurposing of drugs such as hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir, which have the potential for unwanted QT-interval prolongation and a risk of drug-induced sudden cardiac death. (bvsalud.org)
Our approach to answering this question is to sequence and analyze the complete genome of 11 respiratory and enteric coronavirus isolates using next generation sequencing (NGS). (k-state.edu)

IBR and BVD are commonly associated with reproductive and respiratory disease while BRSV and PI-3 are predominantly associated with respiratory disease. (drugs.com)
Clinically, BRSV infection may be indistinguishable from other viral infections associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex. (drugs.com)
Many IBR vaccines include the IBR/PI3/BRSV/BVD virus complex. (extension.org)

While most uncomplicated acute infections are subclinical, they can cause respiratory disease characterized by cough, fever and nasal discharge. (biomedcentral.com)
Aqueous Suspension 300,000 u) Contains 300,000 units procaine penicillin G per ml for treatment of diseases sensitive to penicillin, such as foot rot, pneumonia, wound infections, etc. (valleyvet.com)
Bovine respiratory disease is complex arising from the interaction of a number of contributing factors including physical stresses and bacterial and viral infections. (nc3rs.org.uk)
This Project Grant aims to develop an in vitro culture system to replace live animals used in the study of bovine respiratory infections. (nc3rs.org.uk)
Immune suppression caused by the virus potentiates secondary infections and contributes to the costly bovine respiratory disease complex. (iastate.edu)

PI-3 virus usually localizes in the upper respiratory tract, causing elevated temperature and moderate nasal and ocular discharge. (drugs.com)
Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3) is an airborne pathogen that infects the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. (semanticscholar.org)
In contrast, animals that received a sham DNA vaccine (n = 12) had no detectable neutralizing antibodies against IDV, and viral RNA was readily detectable in respiratory tract tissues after intranasal challenge [3 x 10(5) TCID50] with IDV D/OK (n = 6) or D/660 (n = 6). (cdc.gov)
This tropism is due to 9-O-acetylated sialic acid receptor on both epithelial cells in the respiratory and enteric tract. (k-state.edu)
There are multiple layers of the immune system protecting the respiratory tract, and once we compromise any one of them, we have the potential for a problem," explained Daniel Scruggs, DVM, DACVP, Pfizer Animal Health veterinarian. (beefmagazine.com)
A primary viral infection of the upper respiratory tract is often the next step in the BRD complex. (beefmagazine.com)

Pneumonia (non-human) Pasteurellosis The name "shipping fever" is also sometimes used for related diseases affecting livestock including sheep, goats, and horses. (wikipedia.org)
Bacterial Pneumonia and Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (Shipping Fever Complex) (Pasteurella spp. (cattletoday.com)
This includes shipping fever syndrome, mucosal disease, enzootic calf pneumonia , acute respiratory distress syndrome, hemorrhagic syndrome and atypical interstitial pneumonia (Apley, 2006). (thefreedictionary.com)
The National Animal Disease Information Service says calf pneumonia is a complex disease which affects many Welsh livestock farms at this time of the year. (thefreedictionary.com)
LA-200 is effective in the treatment of a wide range of diseases, including pinkeye, footrot and pneumonia. (valleyvet.com)
Use to treat bovine respiratory disease complex, bacterial pneumonia, foot rot, and calf diphtheria. (valleyvet.com)
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD, pneumonia, shipping fever) due to Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Haemophilus somnus. (cattletoday.com)

Likewise, we have reported that Mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin (LKT) causes gross morphological changes in mitochondria of bovine lymphoblastoid cells (BL-3 cells), consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction ( 4 ). (asm.org)

Bovine TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) which is part of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. (michigan.gov)

M. haemolytica serovar A1 is known as a particularly common bacterial cause of the disease. (wikipedia.org)
M. haemolytica is the principal bacterial pathogen in the bovine respiratory disease complex ( 19 , 58 ). (asm.org)
Live animals are required to research both mechanisms by which M. haemolytica causes disease and how to counter the infection by either vaccination or by antimicrobials. (nc3rs.org.uk)
However, the bacterial pathogen that is most commonly associated with the acute, severe form of the disease, and that is readily isolated from lung lesions, is M. haemolytica ( 1 ). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
The three groups of animals treated with gamithromycin before challenge had significantly lower lung M. haemolytica counts and fewer clinical signs of respiratory disease than did the saline-treated group. (asm.org)
The administration of gamithromycin 1, 5, and 10 days prior to M. haemolytica A1 challenge resulted in a reduction in bacterial isolation from the lungs and a reduction in the severity of clinical disease. (asm.org)

This invention also relates to the novel use of interferon in low dosages to prevent and treat bovine respiratory disease complex. (google.com)

It has long been recognised that Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is an important pathogen causing chronic pulmonary infection in immunocompetent individuals 1 and that the incidence of the disease has increased recently in Japan 2 and other countries 1 , 3 . (ersjournals.com)
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is often attributed to complex interactions between the host, pathogen, and the environment. (bvsalud.org)
in BRD complex as a primary or secondary pathogen remains controversial. (up.ac.za)

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis, Pasteurella multocida and Bordetella bronchiseptica are the most common causative agents of porcine respiratory disease which causes significant losses to the pig industry. (edu.au)

Entry of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus into porcine alveolar macrophages via receptor-mediated endocytosis. (semanticscholar.org)

The blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, is the primary vector to humans in the eastern United States of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, as well as causative agents of anaplasmosis and babesiosis. (cdc.gov)

Phylogenetic trees for the 7 nucleotide genomic segments of D/bovine/Yamagata/1/2019 (arrow), an influenza D virus of a new phylogenetic lineage, Japan. (cdc.gov)

Often implicated as an infection which initiates the shipping fever complex. (extension.org)

A marker was selected as a proxy for each gene within the bovine genome. (animalgenome.org)

Vaccines cannot prevent exposure to infectious organisms, but they do increase an animal's ability to fight off an infection or lessen the severity of the disease if it occurs. (aces.edu)
Severity of disease is influenced by a number of factors including dose, age of animal, type of husbandry. (vetstream.com)
Observations from research studies and clinical experience have indicated that the presence of mycoplasmas increases the severity of respiratory disease. (up.ac.za)

A bacterium which can cause respiratory, nervous system, and reproductive diseases. (extension.org)

bovine and porcine respiratory disease and bovine mastitis. (edu.au)

To date, nearly 900 of over 230,000 deer tested in Michigan have been positive for bovine tuberculosis. (michigan.gov)

Immunostimulants offer game-changing potential in the livestock industry, as they enable an animal to help itself, potentially reducing the incidence of disease and the need for antibiotics. (fiercepharma.com)

Epidemiological studies of calf respiratory disease in a large commercial veal unit. (medigraphic.com)

The innate immune system is a natural and potent defense mechanism against infectious diseases. (fiercepharma.com)

Adams AE, Olea-Popelka FJ, Roman-Muniz IN (2013) Using temperature-sensing reticular boluses to aid in the detection of production diseases in dairy cows. (springer.com)

In North America, vaccines are used to prevent or reduce clinical signs, whereas in some European Union countries marker vaccines have been employed in the eradication of BHV-1 disease. (iastate.edu)

We also collected serum samples from 8 cows on January 10 (acute phase of the disease) and February 4 (recovery phase) and examined them for antibodies against D/Yama2019 by using the HA inhibition (HI) test ( Appendix Table 1). (cdc.gov)
Moreover, the levels of GPL core antibodies reflected disease activity because they decreased in MAC patients responding to chemotherapy 4 . (ersjournals.com)

Methods have been developed for the differentiation between ovine and bovine strains of H. somni, including restriction enzyme analysis. (wikipedia.org)

This position paper outlines the procedures and reviews scientific options to solve challenges for the determination of specific CBPs for animal species, drug substances and disease conditions. (frontiersin.org)
To better understand the changing landscape of risk of human exposure to disease agents transmitted by I. scapularis and I. pacificus, and to document changes in their recorded distribution over the past two decades, we updated the distribution of these species from a map published in 1998. (cdc.gov)

Organisms8

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs4

Health Care1

Javelin diagrams: applications in veterinary medical decision analysis. (1/41)

Influence of breed, heterozygosity, and disease incidence on estimates of variance components of respiratory disease in preweaned beef calves. (2/41)

Diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in Ontario beef feedlots. (3/41)

Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle: phenotypic, environmental, and genetic correlations with growth, carcass, and longissimus muscle palatability traits. (4/41)

Source of dietary lipid may modify the immune response in stressed feeder cattle. (5/41)

A comparison of 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever/bovine respiratory disease. (6/41)

Microbiological and histopathological findings in cases of fatal bovine respiratory disease of feedlot cattle in Western Canada. (7/41)

Effects of commingling beef calves from different sources and weaning protocols during a forty-two-day receiving period on performance and bovine respiratory disease. (8/41)

Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex

Mannheimia haemolytica

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Sulfadimethoxine

Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal

Pasteurellaceae Infections

Cattle Diseases

Cattle

Mycoplasma bovis

Respiratory Tract Diseases

Pneumonia of Calves, Enzootic

Pasteurella multocida

Carbofuran

Tylosin

Thiamphenicol

Pest Control

Pasteurella Infections

Parainfluenza Virus 3, Bovine

Coronavirus, Bovine

Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine

Weaning

Remote Sensing Technology

Animal Feed

Poaceae

Weight Gain

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

Random Allocation

Animal Husbandry

Foot Rot

Governing Board

Wit and Humor as Topic

Diagnosis, Oral

Cartoons as Topic

Foot

Animal Testing Alternatives

Gold

Canada

Animal Welfare

Animal Experimentation

Animals, Laboratory

Animal Use Alternatives

Javelin diagrams: applications in veterinary medical decision analysis. (1/41)

Influence of breed, heterozygosity, and disease incidence on estimates of variance components of respiratory disease in preweaned beef calves. (2/41)

Diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in Ontario beef feedlots. (3/41)

Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle: phenotypic, environmental, and genetic correlations with growth, carcass, and longissimus muscle palatability traits. (4/41)

Source of dietary lipid may modify the immune response in stressed feeder cattle. (5/41)

A comparison of 2 vaccination programs in feedlot calves at ultra-high risk of developing undifferentiated fever/bovine respiratory disease. (6/41)

Microbiological and histopathological findings in cases of fatal bovine respiratory disease of feedlot cattle in Western Canada. (7/41)

Effects of commingling beef calves from different sources and weaning protocols during a forty-two-day receiving period on performance and bovine respiratory disease. (8/41)

Epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention of bovine respiratory disease complex

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