AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth Care
BotrytisPlant DiseasesFungicides, IndustrialVitisMitosporic FungiMalusSpores, FungalFragariaLycopersicon esculentumOxylipinsPlant LeavesPolygalacturonaseCyclopentanesPlant ImmunitySalicylic AcidDisease ResistanceAlternariaArabidopsisEthylenesGene Expression Regulation, PlantFungiPseudomonas syringaeZinebCucumis sativusAscomycotaTrichodermaMyceliumAntibiosisAir MicrobiologyArabidopsis ProteinsPhaseolus
Botrytis
A mitosporic Leotiales fungal genus of plant pathogens. It has teleomorphs in the genus Botryotina.
Plant Diseases
Diseases of plants.
Fungicides, Industrial
Chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of fungi in agricultural applications, on wood, plastics, or other materials, in swimming pools, etc.
Vitis
A plant genus in the family VITACEAE, order Rhamnales, subclass Rosidae. It is a woody vine cultivated worldwide. It is best known for grapes, the edible fruit and used to make WINE and raisins.
Mitosporic Fungi
A large and heterogenous group of fungi whose common characteristic is the absence of a sexual state. Many of the pathogenic fungi in humans belong to this group.
Malus
A plant genus in the family ROSACEAE, order Rosales, subclass Rosidae. It is best known as a source of the edible fruit (apple) and is cultivated in temperate climates worldwide.
Spores, Fungal
Reproductive bodies produced by fungi.
Fragaria
A plant genus of the family ROSACEAE known for the edible fruit.
Lycopersicon esculentum
A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.
Oxylipins
Eighteen-carbon cyclopentyl polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID via an oxidative pathway analogous to the EICOSANOIDS in animals. Biosynthesis is inhibited by SALICYLATES. A key member, jasmonic acid of PLANTS, plays a similar role to ARACHIDONIC ACID in animals.
Plant Leaves
Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
Polygalacturonase
A cell wall-degrading enzyme found in microorganisms and higher plants. It catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-D-galactosiduronic linkages in pectate and other galacturonans. EC 3.2.1.15.
Cyclopentanes
A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.
Plant Immunity
The inherent or induced capacity of plants to withstand or ward off biological attack by pathogens.
Salicylic Acid
A compound obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. It has bacteriostatic, fungicidal, and keratolytic actions.
Disease Resistance
The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.
Alternaria
A mitosporic Loculoascomycetes fungal genus including several plant pathogens and at least one species which produces a highly phytotoxic antibiotic. Its teleomorph is Lewia.
Arabidopsis
A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.
Ethylenes
Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use.
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants.
Fungi
A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.
Pseudomonas syringae
A species of gram-negative, fluorescent, phytopathogenic bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS. It is differentiated into approximately 50 pathovars with different plant pathogenicities and host specificities.
Zineb
An agricultural fungicide of the dithiocarbamate class. It has relatively low toxicity and there is little evidence of human injury from exposure.
Cucumis sativus
A creeping annual plant species of the CUCURBITACEAE family. It has a rough succulent, trailing stem and hairy leaves with three to five pointed lobes.
Ascomycota
A phylum of fungi which have cross-walls or septa in the mycelium. The perfect state is characterized by the formation of a saclike cell (ascus) containing ascospores. Most pathogenic fungi with a known perfect state belong to this phylum.
Trichoderma
A mitosporic fungal genus frequently found in soil and on wood. It is sometimes used for controlling pathogenic fungi. Its teleomorph is HYPOCREA.
Mycelium
The body of a fungus which is made up of HYPHAE.
Antibiosis
A natural association between organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them. This often refers to the production of chemicals by one microorganism that is harmful to another.
Air Microbiology
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the air. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.
Arabidopsis Proteins
Proteins that originate from plants species belonging to the genus ARABIDOPSIS. The most intensely studied species of Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, is commonly used in laboratory experiments.
Phaseolus
A plant genus in the family FABACEAE which is the source of edible beans and the lectin PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS.

Cloning and partial characterization of endopolygalacturonase genes from Botrytis cinerea. (1/339)

Botrytis cinerea is a plant-pathogenic fungus infecting over 200 different plant species. We use a molecular genetic approach to study the process of pectin degradation by the fungus. Recently, we described the cloning and characterization of an endopolygalacturonase (endoPG) gene from B. cinerea (Bcpg1) which is required for full virulence. Here we describe the cloning and characterization of five additional endoPG-encoding genes from B. cinerea SAS56. The identity at the amino acid level between the six endoPGs of B. cinerea varied from 34 to 73%. Phylogenetic analysis, by using a group of 35 related fungal endoPGs and as an outgroup one plant PG, resulted in the identification of five monophyletic groups of closely related proteins. The endoPG proteins from B. cinerea SAS56 could be assigned to three different monophyletic groups. DNA blot analysis revealed the presence of the complete endoPG gene family in other strains of B. cinerea, as well as in other Botrytis species. Differential gene expression of the gene family members was found in mycelium grown in liquid culture with either glucose or polygalacturonic acid as the carbon source.  (+info)

Processing, targeting, and antifungal activity of stinging nettle agglutinin in transgenic tobacco. (2/339)

The gene encoding the precursor to stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L. ) isolectin I was introduced into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). In transgenic plants this precursor was processed to mature-sized lectin. The mature isolectin is deposited intracellularly, most likely in the vacuoles. A gene construct lacking the C-terminal 25 amino acids was also introduced in tobacco to study the role of the C terminus in subcellular trafficking. In tobacco plants that expressed this construct, the mutant precursor was correctly processed and the mature isolectin was targeted to the intercellular space. These results indicate the presence of a C-terminal signal for intracellular retention of stinging nettle lectin and most likely for sorting of the lectin to the vacuoles. In addition, correct processing of this lectin did not depend on vacuolar deposition. Isolectin I purified from tobacco displayed identical biological activities as isolectin I isolated from stinging nettle. In vitro antifungal assays on germinated spores of the fungi Botrytis cinerea, Trichoderma viride, and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum revealed that growth inhibition by stinging nettle isolectin I occurs at a specific phase of fungal growth and is temporal, suggesting that the fungi had an adaptation mechanism.  (+info)

Requirement of functional ethylene-insensitive 2 gene for efficient resistance of Arabidopsis to infection by Botrytis cinerea. (3/339)

Inoculation of wild-type Arabidopsis plants with the fungus Alternaria brassicicola results in systemic induction of genes encoding a plant defensin (PDF1.2), a basic chitinase (PR-3), and an acidic hevein-like protein (PR-4). Pathogen-induced induction of these three genes is almost completely abolished in the ethylene-insensitive Arabidopsis mutant ein2-1. This indicates that a functional ethylene signal transduction component (EIN2) is required in this response. The ein2-1 mutants were found to be markedly more susceptible than wild-type plants to infection by two different strains of the gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea. In contrast, no increased fungal colonization of ein2-1 mutants was observed after challenge with avirulent strains of either Peronospora parasitica or A. brassicicola. Our data support the conclusion that ethylene-controlled responses play a role in resistance of Arabidopsis to some but not all types of pathogens.  (+info)

Redox chemistry in laccase-catalyzed oxidation of N-hydroxy compounds. (4/339)

1-Hydroxybenzotriazole, violuric acid, and N-hydroxyacetanilide are three N-OH compounds capable of mediating a range of laccase-catalyzed biotransformations, such as paper pulp delignification and degradation of polycyclic hydrocarbons. The mechanism of their enzymatic oxidation was studied with seven fungal laccases. The oxidation had a bell-shaped pH-activity profile with an optimal pH ranging from 4 to 7. The oxidation rate was found to be dependent on the redox potential difference between the N-OH substrate and laccase. A laccase with a higher redox potential or an N-OH compound with a lower redox potential tended to have a higher oxidation rate. Similar to the enzymatic oxidation of phenols, phenoxazines, phenothiazines, and other redox-active compounds, an "outer-sphere" type of single-electron transfer from the substrate to laccase and proton release are speculated to be involved in the rate-limiting step for N-OH oxidation.  (+info)

The BMP1 gene is essential for pathogenicity in the gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea. (5/339)

In Magnaporthe grisea, a well-conserved mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase gene, PMK1, is essential for fungal pathogenesis. In this study, we tested whether the same MAP kinase is essential for plant infection in the gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea, a necrotrophic pathogen that employs infection mechanisms different from those of M. grisea. We used a polymerase chain reaction-based approach to isolate MAP kinase homologues from B. cinerea. The Botrytis MAP kinase required for pathogenesis (BMP) MAP kinase gene is highly homologous to the M. grisea PMK1. BMP1 is a single-copy gene. bmp1 gene replacement mutants produced normal conidia and mycelia but were reduced in growth rate on nutrient-rich medium. bmp1 mutants were nonpathogenic on carnation flowers and tomato leaves. Re-introduction of the wild-type BMP1 allele into the bmp1 mutant restored both normal growth rate and pathogenicity. Further studies indicated that conidia from bmp1 mutants germinated on plant surfaces but failed to penetrate and macerate plant tissues. bmp1 mutants also appeared to be defective in infecting through wounds. These results indicated that BMP1 is essential for plant infection in B. cinerea, and this MAP kinase pathway may be widely conserved in pathogenic fungi for regulating infection processes.  (+info)

A new method to monitor airborne inoculum of the fungal plant pathogens Mycosphaerella brassicicola and Botrytis cinerea. (6/339)

We describe a new microtiter immunospore trapping device (MTIST device) that uses a suction system to directly trap air particulates by impaction in microtiter wells. This device can be used for rapid detection and immunoquantification of ascospores of Mycosphaerella brassicicola and conidia of Botrytis cinerea by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) under controlled environmental conditions. For ascospores of M. brassicicola correlation coefficients (r(2)) of 0.943 and 0.9514 were observed for the number of MTIST device-impacted ascospores per microtiter well and the absorbance values determined by ELISA, respectively. These values were not affected when a mixed fungal spore population was used. There was a relationship between the number of MTIST device-trapped ascospores of M. brassicicola per liter of air sampled and the amount of disease expressed on exposed plants of Brassica oleracea (Brussels sprouts). Similarly, when the MTIST device was used to trap conidia of B. cinerea, a correlation coefficient of 0.8797 was obtained for the absorbance values generated by the ELISA and the observed number of conidia per microtiter well. The relative collection efficiency of the MTIST device in controlled plant growth chambers with limited airflow was 1.7 times greater than the relative collection efficiency of a Burkard 7-day volumetric spore trap for collection of M. brassicicola ascospores. The MTIST device can be used to rapidly differentiate, determine, and accurately quantify target organisms in a microflora. The MTIST device is a portable, robust, inexpensive system that can be used to perform multiple tests in a single sampling period, and it should be useful for monitoring airborne particulates and microorganisms in a range of environments.  (+info)

The hypersensitive response facilitates plant infection by the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. (7/339)

BACKGROUND: Plants have evolved efficient mechanisms to combat pathogen attack. One of the earliest responses to attempted pathogen attack is the generation of oxidative burst that can trigger hypersensitive cell death. This is called the hypersensitive response (HR) and is considered to be a major element of plant disease resistance. The HR is thought to deprive the pathogens of a supply of food and confine them to initial infection site. Necrotrophic pathogens, such as the fungi Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, however, can utilize dead tissue. RESULTS: Inoculation of B. cinerea induced an oxidative burst and hypersensitive cell death in Arabidopsis. The degree of B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum pathogenicity was directly dependent on the level of generation and accumulation of superoxide or hydrogen peroxide. Plant cells exhibited markers of HR death, such as nuclear condensation and induction of the HR-specific gene HSR203J. Growth of B. cinerea was suppressed in the HR-deficient mutant dnd1, and enhanced by HR caused by simultaneous infection with an avirulent strain of the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. HR had an opposite (inhibitory) effect on a virulent (biotrophic) strain of P. syringae. Moreover, H(2)O(2) levels during HR correlated positively with B. cinerea growth but negatively with growth of virulent P. syringae. CONCLUSIONS: We show that, although hypersensitive cell death is efficient against biotrophic pathogens, it does not protect plants against infection by the necrotrophic pathogens B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum. By contrast, B. cinerea triggers HR, which facilitates its colonization of plants. Hence, these fungi can exploit a host defense mechanism for their pathogenicity.  (+info)

Identification and characterization of a hexapeptide with activity against phytopathogenic fungi that cause postharvest decay in fruits. (8/339)

A hexapeptide of amino acid sequence Ac-Arg-Lys-Thr-Trp-Phe-Trp-NH2 was demonstrated to have antimicrobial activity against selected phytopathogenic fungi that cause postharvest decay in fruits. The peptide synthesized with either all D- or all L-amino acids inhibited the in vitro growth of strains of Penicilium italicum, P. digitatum, and Botrytis cinerea, with MICs of 60 to 80 microM and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 30 to 40 microM. The inhibitory activity of the peptide was both sequence- and fungus-specific since (i) sequence-related peptides lacked activity (including one with five residues identical to the active sequence), (ii) other filamentous fungi (including some that belong to the genus Penicllium) were insensitive to the peptide's antifungal action, and (iii) the peptide did not inhibit the growth of several yeast and bacterial strains assayed. Experiments on P. digitatum identified conidial germination as particularly sensitive to inhibition although mycelial growth was also affected. Our findings suggest that the inhibitory effect is initially driven by the electrostatic interaction of the peptide with fungal components. The antifungal peptide retarded the blue and green mold diseases of citrus fruits and the gray mold of tomato fruits under controlled inoculation conditions, thus providing evidence for the feasibility of using very short peptides in plant protection. This and previous studies with related peptides indicate some degree of peptide amino acid sequence and structure conservation associated with the antimicrobial activity, and suggest a general sequence layout for short antifungal peptides, consisting of one or two positively charged residues combined with aromatic amino acid residues.  (+info)

Environmental conditions affect Botrytis cinerea infection of mature grape berries more than the strain or transposon genotype<...Environmental conditions affect Botrytis cinerea infection of mature grape berries more than the strain or transposon genotype<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Environmental conditions affect Botrytis cinerea infection of mature grape berries more than the strain or transposon genotype. AU - Rossi, Vittorio. AU - Ciliberti, Nicola. AU - Ciliberti, Nicola. AU - Fermaud, Marc. AU - Roudet, Jean. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - Effects of environment, Botrytis cinerea strain, and their interaction on the infection of mature grape berries were investigated. Our data collectively showed that (i) T and RH or WD were more important than strain for mature berry infection by either mycelium or conidia and (ii) the effect of the environment on the different strains was similar. Two equations were developed describing the combined effect of T and RH, or T andWD, on disease incidence following inoculation by mycelium (R2 = 0.99) or conidia (R2 = 0.96), respectively.. AB - Effects of environment, Botrytis cinerea strain, and their interaction on the infection of mature grape berries were investigated. Our data collectively showed that (i) T and RH or WD ...
https://publires.unicatt.it/it/publications/environmental-conditions-affect-botrytis-cinerea-infection-of-mat-8
Poinsettia | Texas Plant Disease HandbookPoinsettia | Texas Plant Disease Handbook
Euphorbia pulcherrima. Gray Mold (fungus - Botrytis cinerea): This disease is especially serious on double varieties. The inflorescence, leaves and stems are attacked. A gray mold occurs on the inflorescence causing a blasting and browning of the flower clusters and colored bracts. Water-soaked lesions will appear on leaves and stems. In the later stages of the leaf and stem disorder, the lesions become dry and crisp.. Cotton Root Rot (fungus - Phymatotrichum omnivorum): Cotton root rot is restricted to extreme South Texas where Poinsettias are planted in landscapes. In most areas of Texas, Poinsettias will not survive winter temperatures. (See the section on Cotton Root Rot). Scab (fungus - Sphaceloma poinsettia): A very common disease of poinsettia, particularly in South Texas. The fungus attacks leaves and stems, starting out as conspicuous, raised lesions or cankers on diseased stems. The cankers are at first white, later turning gray. Frequently, these cankers unite to cover irregular ...
https://plantdiseasehandbook.tamu.edu/landscaping/shrubs/poinsettia/
Champignons phytopathogènes - R4P
Kretschmer, M., Leroch, M., Mosbach, A., Walker, A. S., Fillinger, S., Mernke, D.,Schoonbeek, H. J., Pradier, J. M., Leroux, P., De Waard, M. A., Hahn, M. (2009). Fungicide-driven evolution and molecular basis of multidrug resistance in field populations of the grey mould fungus Botrytis cinerea. PLoS Pathog, 5(12), e1000696 ...
https://www.r4p-inra.fr/fr/champignons-phytopathogenes/
Fungicide Resistance Among Botrytis cinerea Isolates from California Strawberry Fields
Literature Cited. 1. Black, L. L., McInnes, T. B., and Gatti, J. M. 1990. Evaluation of fungicides for control of strawberry fruit rots in Louisiana. Adv. Strawberry Prod. 9:33-36.. 2. Braun, P. G., and Sutton, J. C. 1987. Inoculum sources of Botrytis cinerea in fruit rot of strawberries in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 9:1-5.. 3. Brent, K. J., and Hollomon, D. W. 2007. Fungicide resistance in crop pathogens: How can it be managed? FRAC Monagraph No. 1, 2nd Edn. Fungicide Resistance Action Committee, CropLife International A.I.S.B.L., Brussels, Belgium.. 4. Bristow, P. R., McNicol, R. J., and Williamson, B. 1986. Infection of strawberry flowers by Botrytis cinerea and its relevance to grey mould development. Ann. Appl. Biol. 109:545-554.. 5. Bulger, M. A., Ellis, M. A., and Madden, L. V. 1987. Influence of temperature and wetness duration on infection of strawberry flowers by Botrytis cinerea and disease incidence of fruit originating from infected flowers. Phytopathology 77:1225-1230.. 6. ...
https://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/research/2010/strawberry/
Complex Genetics Control Natural Variation in Arabidopsis thaliana Resistance to Botrytis cinerea | GeneticsComplex Genetics Control Natural Variation in Arabidopsis thaliana Resistance to Botrytis cinerea | Genetics
The genetic architecture of plant defense against microbial pathogens may be influenced by pathogen lifestyle. While plant interactions with biotrophic pathogens are frequently controlled by the action of large-effect resistance genes that follow classic Mendelian inheritance, our study suggests that plant defense against the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea is primarily quantitative and genetically complex. Few studies of quantitative resistance to necrotrophic pathogens have used large plant mapping populations to dissect the genetic structure of resistance. Using a large structured mapping population of Arabidopsis thaliana, we identified quantitative trait loci influencing plant response to B. cinerea, measured as expansion of necrotic lesions on leaves and accumulation of the antimicrobial compound camalexin. Testing multiple B. cinerea isolates, we identified 23 separate QTL in this population, ranging in isolate-specificity from being identified with a single isolate to controlling ...
https://www.genetics.org/content/180/4/2237.abstract
Resistance of Malus domestica Fruit to Botrytis cinerea Depends on Endogenous Ethylene BiosynthesisResistance of Malus domestica Fruit to Botrytis cinerea Depends on Endogenous Ethylene Biosynthesis
The plant hormone ethylene regulates fruit ripening, other developmental processes, and a subset of defense responses. Here, we show that 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS)-silenced apple (Malus domestica) fruit that express a sense construct of ACS were more susceptible to Botrytis cinerea than untransformed apple, demonstrating that ethylene strengthens fruit resistance to B. cinerea infection. Because ethylene response factors (ERFs) are known to contribute to resistance against B. cinerea via the ethylene-signaling pathway, we cloned four ERF cDNAs from fruit of M. domestica: MdERF3, -4, -5, and -6. Expression of all four MdERF mRNAs was ethylene dependent and induced by wounding or by B. cinerea infection. B. cinerea infection suppressed rapid induction of wound-related MdERF expression. MdERF3 was the only mRNA induced by wounding and B. cinerea infection in ACS-suppressed apple fruit, although its induction was reduced compared with wild-type apple. Promoter regions of ...
http://www.apsnet.org/publications/phytopathology/2011/November/Pages/101_11_1311.aspx
Postharvest Fruit Rots in d Anjou Pears Caused by Botrytis cinerea, Potebniamyces pyri and Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens
Literature Cited. 1. Beever, R. E., and Weeds, P. L. 2004. Taxonomy and genetic variation of Botrytis and Botryotinia. Pages 29-52 in: Botrytis: Biology, Pathology and Control. Y. Elad, B. Williamson, P. Tudzynski, and N. Delen, eds. Kluwer Academic Publishers.. 2. DiCosmo, F., Nag Raj, T. R., and Kendrick, W. B. 1984. A revision of the Phacidiaceae and related anamorphs. Mycotaxon 21:1-234.. 3. Coley-Smith, J. R., Verhoeff, K., and Jarvis, W. R. 1980. The Biology of Botrytis. Academic Press.. 4. Faretra, F., Antonacci, E., and Pollastro, S. 1988. Sexual behaviour and mating system of Botryotinia fuckeliana, teleomorph of Botrytis cinerea. Journal of General Microbiology 134:2543-2550.. 5. Farr, D. F., Bills, G. F., Chamuris, G. P., and Rossman, A. Y. 1989. Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN.. 6. Kim, Y. K., Xiao, C. L., and Rogers, J. D. 2005. Influence of culture media and environmental factors on mycelial growth and ...
http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/diagnosticguide/2006/pears/
Undergraduate Thesis Or Project | Analysis of boscalid resistance of isolates of Botrytis cinerea | ID: 6m311w11z | translation...
Succinate dehydrogenase (Sdh) inhibitor fungicides, such as boscalid, are effective for the management of gray mold caused by the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Unfortunately, resistance to boscalid was common among isolates of the pathogen from small fruits grown in Oregon. Boscalid-resistance is commonly associated with mutations in Sdh, especially in subunit B. SdhB was sequenced from five boscalid-sensitive and five boscalid-resistant isolates of B. cinerea. A majority of the boscalid-resistant isolates had a single nucleotide polymorphism at codon 272 resulting in a substitution of histidine with arginine (H272R). The boscalid-sensitive isolates did not harbor this mutation. The transposons Boty and Flipper also were found within the genomes of the resistant strains, but not boscalid-sensitive isolates. Additionally, a pattern was found to exist between the transposons present within the strains and source location. Additional studies with a greater number of isolates are required to ...
https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/undergraduate_thesis_or_projects/6m311w11z?locale=it
Analyse de tannins inhibiteurs de la stilbène oxydase produite par Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr - RERO DOCAnalyse de tannins inhibiteurs de la stilbène oxydase produite par Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr - RERO DOC
Botrytis cinerea est le champignon pathogène responsable de la pourriture grise. Cette maladie est économiquement importante, car elle détruit chaque année une partie des récoltes viticoles et horticoles (fraises, concombres, tomates…). Ce champignon infecte les baies de raisin à la floraison, mais reste latent durant toute la période estivale pour reprendre son développement à la véraison, provoquant le pourrissement de la grappe. Certaines variétés, comme le Gamaret, sont résistantes à lattaque par Botrytis cinerea et dautres, comme le Gamay, y sont très sensibles. Ce phénomène de latence serait entre autre attribué à la production de phytoalexines par la vigne (resvératrol (1), pterostilbène (2) et e-viniférine (3)) inhibant le développement du champignon de juin à septembre. Le resvératrol et le pterostilbène font partie de la famille des stilbènes et sont des composés synthétisés par la plante suite à un stress. Ces molécules peuvent soxyder sous laction d
http://doc.rero.ch/record/2600/files/?ln=en
What is Botrytis? Is it good for wine? - Lazy BallerinaWhat is Botrytis? Is it good for wine? - Lazy Ballerina
Botrytis is, in almost all cases bad for wine grapes. There is on very specific wine style that is can help, called Noble rot.. Firstly Noble Rot and Botrytis Bunch Rot in grapes are both caused by the same organism - Botrytis cinerea. Often in photographs both rots will look the same the difference being one is considered a problem the other a desirable trait!. Grapes are susceptible to this fungus as they ripen and produce sugar. Generally it causes a bunch rot that is bad for grape quality, it turns grapes mouldy, as mention above commonly known as Bunch Rot, Botrytis Rot or Grey Rot. It also creates conditions favorable for the growth of other nastiness like yeast, mould, and bacteria are we call secondary rots. These rots are even worse for grape quality with some being toxic! ...
https://www.lazyballerina.com/blog/2017/2/5/what-is-botrytis-is-it-good-for-wine
The intersection between cell wall disassembly, ripening, and fruit susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea | PNASThe intersection between cell wall disassembly, ripening, and fruit susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea | PNAS
The simultaneous suppression of the tomato fruit ripening-associated LePG and LeExp1 expression reduces susceptibility to B. cinerea infection during ripening, whereas suppression of LePG or LeExp1 alone does not reduce susceptibility, indicating that PG and Exp act cooperatively to support both softening (4, 22, 23, 29) and full pathogenicity of B. cinerea. The host CW is a primary target during B. cinerea growth on plant tissue (30). B. cinerea possesses a wide array of CWDEs (31, 32), including six PGs (33). B. cinerea mutants of either BcPG1 or BcPG2 resulted in significantly decreased virulence on multiple hosts, including tomato (5, 8). In addition, the ectopic expression of a potent PG-inhibiting protein (PGIP) from pear fruit (pPGIP) reduced the susceptibility of ripe tomato fruit to B. cinerea infection (6). Thus, the pathogens ability to efficiently disassemble the tomato fruit CW appears to be critical for full virulence. Although the pathogen apparently possesses the required tools ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/105/3/859?ijkey=c6cc49ea4a1931c562f0174338e5dd77d86f7952&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Journal: Microbial pathogenesis / Publication Year: 2018 / Source: 2018 v.122 / Subject: enzyme activity and Botrytis cinerea -...Journal: Microbial pathogenesis / Publication Year: 2018 / Source: 2018 v.122 / Subject: enzyme activity and Botrytis cinerea -...
A total of 219 endophytic actinobacteria, isolated from roots, stems and leaves of chickpea, were characterized for antagonistic potential against Botrytis cinerea, causal organism of Botrytis grey mold (BGM) disease, in chickpea. Among them, three most potential endophytes, AUR2, AUR4 and ARR4 were further characterized for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) and nodulating potentials and host-pla ...
https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bjournal_name%5D%5B%5D=Microbial+pathogenesis&f%5Bpublication_year_rev%5D%5B%5D=7982-2018&f%5Bsource%5D%5B%5D=2018+v.122&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=enzyme+activity&f%5Bsubject_term%5D%5B%5D=Botrytis+cinerea
Quantification of spray coverage on grape bunch parts and the incidence of Botrytis cinereaQuantification of spray coverage on grape bunch parts and the incidence of Botrytis cinerea
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Various studies revealed that Botrytis cinerea, the causal pathogen of Botrytis bunch rot, is mostly associated with pedicels, rachises, laterals and berry bases, and not with berry skins as previously understood. Provided that sufficient coverage of inner bunch parts was achieved, laboratory studies have shown that fungicides can effectively reduce the amount of B. cinerea at the various positions in bunches, and prevent infection and symptom expression at all growth stages. The same efficacy was, however, not achieved with the same fungicides when using conventional spraying methods in vineyards. Poor disease control on fruit and leaves in vineyards is attributed to inappropriate timing of fungicide applications and/or insufficient coverage of susceptible tissue. Previously, spray coverage evaluations in South Africa were based on the use of water-sensitive cards. A variety of other methods have been used to assess spray coverage in vineyards, but none of these methods could ...
http://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/20915
Analysis of Secretary Proteins in the Genome of the Plant Pathogenic Fungus Botrytis Cinerea
The signal peptides prediction algorithm SignalP v3.0, subcellular protein location prediction algorithm TargetP.v1.1, potential GPI-anchor sites prediction algorithm big-PI predictor, trans-membrane domains prediction algorithm TMHMM v2.0 and bioinformatics algorithm MEME were used to analyze 16446 protein sequences ofBotrytis cinerea. The results showed that there were 579 deduced secretary proteins. Among these proteins, the minimum and maximum of open read frame were 102 bp and 4848 bps respectively and mean score was 1271 bps. The signal peptides length was concentrated to 16~39 amino acids and the average length was 21. 122 of these proteins contain the highly conserved host-targeting-motif RxLx within 100 residues adjacent to the signal peptide cleavage site. According to PEDNAT and COG of GenBank database, this motifs functions include metabolism modification and cell secretion etc. We blast those putative secretary proteins with RxLx motif in GenBenk and found 47.54% of them have highly
https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01559557
Multiple Forms of Polygalacturonase in Apple and Carrot Tissue Infected by Isolates of Botrytis cinerea | Microbiology SocietyMultiple Forms of Polygalacturonase in Apple and Carrot Tissue Infected by Isolates of Botrytis cinerea | Microbiology Society
Isoelectric focusing of extracts of carrot root and apple fruit parenchyma infected by each of three isolates of Botrytis cinerea showed the presence of forms of endopolygalacturonase (PG) with isoelectric points (pI) of about 4·5 (a minor peak) and 8·3-8·8. One isolate gave the hitherto unreported peak of pI 8·8 in both tissues, whereas the other two isolates gave a peak of 8·3. The molecular weights of the PGs of pI 8·3-8·8 were estimated to be about 30000. The variation in pi probably reflects the variability of B. cinerea. No evidence of specific enzymic adaptation to host tissues was shown by the ability of PGs to cause changes in permeability of carrot and apple parenchyma.
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-129-10-3015
Induction of Systemic Resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Tomato by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2: Role of Salicylic Acid,...Induction of Systemic Resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Tomato by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2: Role of Salicylic Acid,...
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 15:1147-1156...Kris Audenaert , 1 Theresa Pattery , 2 Pierre Cornelis , 2 and Monica Höfte 1...© 2002 The American Phytopathological Society...The rhizobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2 produces secondary metabolites such as pyochelin (Pch), its precursor salicylic acid (SA), and the phenazine compound pyocyanin. Both 7NSK2 and mutant KMPCH (Pch-negative, SA-positive) induced resistance to Botrytis cinerea in wild-type but not in tra...
https://www.apsnet.org/publications/mpmi/2002/November/Pages/15_11_1147.aspx
Synthesis of New Hydrated Geranylphenols and in Vitro Antifungal Activity against Botrytis cinerea - pdf descargar
Synthesis of New Hydrated Geranylphenols and in Vitro Antifungal Activity against Botrytis cinerea. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
http://libros.duhnnae.com/2017/jun5/149741188994-Synthesis-of-New-Hydrated-Geranylphenols-and-in-Vitro-Antifungal-Activity-against-Botrytis-cinerea.php
Blog Tag: ars | USDABlog Tag: ars | USDA
Weve all enjoyed some delicious strawberries this summer, but a short-shelf life can limit that enjoyment. One of the biggest challenges in U.S. strawberry production is managing diseases and pests. The fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea results in gray mold, or the unappetizing gray fuzz that can quickly appear on strawberries all too soon after we get them home. Growers typically apply fungicides on a weekly basis to control gray mold as well as other fungal diseases.. ...
https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/tag/ars
Microarray Analysis of Arabidopsis Wrky33 Mutants in Response to the N by Shamma Saeed Salem Al ShamsiMicroarray Analysis of Arabidopsis Wrky33 Mutants in Response to the N by Shamma Saeed Salem Al Shamsi
Plants are exposed to many environmental stresses that affect their growth and development. These stresses include biotic stresses (via organisms) and abiotic stresses (via environment). Plants respond to these stresses by transcriptional reprogramming and different signaling pathways. Arabidopsis thaliana has shown great sensitivity to the biotic stress Botrytis cinerea. The WRKY33 gene plays an important role in plant defense mechanism against this pathogen. The overall goal is to identify common regulated genes of wrky33 mutant and 35S:WRKY33 over expressing transgenic lines in response to B. cinerea; ultimately to improve plant stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. The specific aims are to: (1) identify Arabidopsis regulated genes in response to B. cinerea infection; (2) determine common up- and down-regulated genes in response to B. cinerea infection in Arabidopsis wrky33 mutant and 35S:WRKY33 overexpression lines; and (3) characterize the function of the common genes in response to B. cinerea. To
https://scholarworks.uaeu.ac.ae/all_theses/472/
Arabidopsis BOTRYTIS SUSCEPTIBLE1 protein Summary Report | CureHunterArabidopsis BOTRYTIS SUSCEPTIBLE1 protein Summary Report | CureHunter
Arabidopsis BOTRYTIS SUSCEPTIBLE1 protein: The BOTRYTIS SUSCEPTIBLE1 gene encodes an R2R3MYB transcription factor protein that is required for biotic and abiotic stress responses; amino acid sequence in first source
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC482738-Arabidopsis-BOTRYTIS-SUSCEPTIBLE1-protein.do
Botrytis cinerea Dealing with Grey rot infection. - ppt downloadBotrytis cinerea Dealing with Grey rot infection. - ppt download
In the Winery What are the changes in fruit composition after a Botrytis infection? What impacts can these changes have on the must and wine produced? What can we do to minimize the damage?
http://slideplayer.com/slide/4015380/
Fungal Small RNAs Suppress Plant Immunity by Hijacking Host RNA Interference Pathways | ScienceFungal Small RNAs Suppress Plant Immunity by Hijacking Host RNA Interference Pathways | Science
Botrytis cinerea, the causative agent of gray mold disease, is an aggressive fungal pathogen that infects more than 200 plant species. Here, we show that some B. cinerea small RNAs (Bc-sRNAs) can silence Arabidopsis and tomato genes involved in immunity. These Bc-sRNAs hijack the host RNA interference (RNAi) machinery by binding to Arabidopsis Argonaute 1 (AGO1) and selectively silencing host immunity genes. The Arabidopsis ago1 mutant exhibits reduced susceptibility to B. cinerea, and the B. cinerea dcl1 dcl2 double mutant that can no longer produce these Bc-sRNAs displays reduced pathogenicity on Arabidopsis and tomato. Thus, this fungal pathogen transfers virulent sRNA effectors into host plant cells to suppress host immunity and achieve infection, which demonstrates a naturally occurring cross-kingdom RNAi as an advanced virulence mechanism. ...
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/342/6154/118.abstract
Histochemical and genetic analysis of host and non-host interactions of Arabidopsis with three Botrytis species: an important...Histochemical and genetic analysis of host and non-host interactions of Arabidopsis with three Botrytis species: an important...
SUMMARY Susceptibility was evaluated of host and non-host plants to three pathogenic Botrytis species: the generalist B. cinerea and the specialists B. elliptica (lily) and B. tulipae (tulip). B. tulipae was, unexpectedly, able to infect plant species other than tulip, and to a similar extent as B. …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20507477/
How an aggressive fungal pathogen causes mold in fruits and vegetables | EurekAlert! Science NewsHow an aggressive fungal pathogen causes mold in fruits and vegetables | EurekAlert! Science News
A research team led by a University of California, Riverside molecular plant pathologist has discovered the mechanism by which an aggressive fungal pathogen infects almost all fruits and vegetables. The team discovered a novel virulence mechanism of Botrytis cinerea, a pathogen that can infect more than 200 plant species, causing serious gray mold disease on almost all fruits and vegetables that have been around, even at times in the refrigerator, for more than a week.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-10/uoc--haa100313.php
Studies on the biology of Botrytis allii on Allium cep A | SpringerLinkStudies on the biology of Botrytis allii on Allium cep A | SpringerLink
Botrytis alliiMunn is capable of attacking young onion plants without impeding the growth of the plants, provided conditions for infection are favourable. Infected green leaves are symptomless since...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02000455
Botrytis -- Discover Life
Discover Lifes page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification and distribution of Botrytis -- Discover Life
http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Botrytis
Fungus Reprograms Wine Grape MetabolismFungus Reprograms Wine Grape Metabolism
For hundreds of years, the fungus Botrytis cinerea has been key to making the worlds finest dessert wines. Now UC Davis researchers working with Dolce Winery in the Napa Valley show how the fungus changes plant metabolism to produce new flavors and aromas in white-skinned grapes.
https://www.technologynetworks.com/applied-sciences/news/fungus-reprograms-wine-grape-metabolism-195041
Arabidopsis RAP2.2 plays an important role in plant resistance to Botrytis cinerea and ethylene responses - Zhao - 2012 - New...Arabidopsis RAP2.2 plays an important role in plant resistance to Botrytis cinerea and ethylene responses - Zhao - 2012 - New...
Fig. S1 The expression levels of RAP2.2 in the wildtype, ctr1, etr1 and ein2 plants.. Fig. S2 The identification of the T-DNA insertion mutant rap2.12-1.. Fig. S3 Root lengths of the wild-type, rap2.2-3, rap2.12-1, rap2.2-3 rap2.12-1 and ein2 mutants under 10 μM ACC treatment.. Fig. S4 Hypocotyl (a) and root (b) lengths of ctr1, rap2.2-3 ctr1, rap2.12-1 ctr1, rap2.2-3 rap2.12-1 ctr1 and the wildtype plants after 3 d incubation in the dark.. Table S1 Primers for quantitative RT-PCR. Please note: Wiley-Blackwell are not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing material) should be directed to the New Phytologist Central Office. ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04160.x/abstract?globalMessage=0
Cutinase A of Botrytis cinerea is expressed, but not essential, during penetration of gerbera and tomato. - PubMed - NCBICutinase A of Botrytis cinerea is expressed, but not essential, during penetration of gerbera and tomato. - PubMed - NCBI
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9002270?dopt=Abstract
Botryotinia - WikipediaBotryotinia - Wikipedia
Botryotinia is a genus of ascomycete fungi causing several plant diseases. The anamorphs of Botryotinia are mostly included in the imperfect fungi genus Botrytis. The genus contains 22 species and one hybrid. Plant diseases caused by Botryotinia species appear primarily as blossom blights and fruit rots but also as leaf spots and bulb rots in the field and in stored products. The fungi induce host cell death resulting in progressive decay of infected plant tissue, whence they take nutrients. Sexual reproduction takes place with ascospores produced in apothecia, conidia are the means of asexual reproduction. Sclerotia of plano-convexoid shape are typical. Some species also cause damping off, killing seeds or seedlings during or before germination. Botryotinia fuckeliana (or its anamorph Botrytis cinerea) is an important species for wine industry as well as horticulture. Other economically important species include Botryotinia convoluta (the type species of the genus), Botryotinia polyblastis, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botryotinia
CAZy - Eukaryota
Lineage: cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Opisthokonta; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; saccharomyceta; Pezizomycotina; leotiomyceta; sordariomyceta; Leotiomycetes; Helotiales; Sclerotiniaceae; Botrytis; Botrytis ...
http://www.cazy.org/e1870.html
Pedro Ximenez | WineSpeed | Karen MacNeilPedro Ximenez | WineSpeed | Karen MacNeil
Sorry!. Correct!. Answer: False.. The Pedro Ximénez grapes used to make the sweet, ebony-colored Sherry, also known as Pedro Ximénez, achieve their concentration by being dried on straw mats in the intense Spanish sun for about a week, not by the beneficial fungus, botrytis cinerea. The mats are covered at night, so the grapes are spared from the morning dew. Once made and aged in a solera, the wine will be 40 to 50 percent residual sugar-thats more than three times the sweetness of Bordeauxs Sauternes. The result is an elixir that is so mesmerizing you just have to try it ...
https://winespeed.com/quiz/true-false/pedro-ximenez/
ORCHIDS.ORGORCHIDS.ORG
It is confined to older flowers during cold damp weather; it is most common on various genera; small, circular spots often bordered by a delicate rim of pink; the imperfect stage Botrytis cinerea i... Read More ...
https://orchids.org/categories/ailments
Alois Kracher - Award-Winning Austrian Winemaker - Tagged 8. Options: Limited Edition - Novel WinesAlois Kracher - Award-Winning Austrian Winemaker - Tagged 8. Options: Limited Edition - Novel Wines
The Kracher Winery lies in the Seewinkel area of Austrias Burgenland. Here, through the evaporative periods of Lake Neusiedl, the evening fog and the warm Pannonian climate, continuous warm-humid weather patterns are dominant and, therefore, allow for Botrytis cinerea to be generated. Once headed up by the legendary w
https://www.novelwines.co.uk/collections/kracher/8-options_limited-edition?view=view-36
Tomato Food with Neem 750gm | Orari Nursery OnlineTomato Food with Neem 750gm | Orari Nursery Online
Another disease that takes tomato plants out fairly quickly is Botrytis or stem rot. The first sign of this disease is the plants look limp as if they need a drink of water. Starting at the top, most leaves have the drooping effect, which journeys down the plant. You can be fooled in the early stages of the disease as the plants seem to recover late in the day when the air cools at dusk. A careful inspection of the plant will reveal a darkened area around the trunk or branches of the plant. Another change will occur in that bumps or small knobs will appear on the trunk just above the area that is darkening. This is the tomato trying to send out aerial roots to save its life. The dark area is cutting off the flow of nutrients and moisture from the roots to the upper foliage. This area will rot right through and both top and root system will die. Sometimes there maybe laterals growing below this darkened area and these will be unaffected and will keep the roots supplied with energy. The rest of ...
http://orarinursery.co.nz/product/tomato-food-with-neem-750gm/
ZeroTol 2.0 | BioSafe Systems
ZeroTol 2.0 is an organic bactericide, fungicide and algaecide proven to reduce Botrytis, Powdery Mildew, Xanthomonas and many other common crop diseases. Use as a broad spectrum treatment for indoor and outdoor growing, greenhouse equipment and garden tools.
https://www.arbico-organics.com/product/zerotol-disease-control-biosafe-systems/damping-off-control-disease-id
BroccoliBroccoli
Denumire oficiala: Botrytis cretica italica Denumire populara: broccoli Soi semitardiv (95-105 zile de la semanat) pentru cultura de toamna in camp liber. Inflorescentele sunt mari, de culoare violaceu, de buna calitate. Se recomanda pentru consum proaspat. Plicul contine 2 g seminte. ...
https://plant-shop.ro/285-broccoli
Mold Sickness - What has Really Happened to you?
Mold Sickness -The term poisoned is understood by most people, however, it is an inaccurate term when applied to mold / fungus.
http://moldvictim.org/mold-sickness/
Bio-Pruf treated ceiling filmBio-Pruf treated ceiling film
The material is treated with BIO-PRUF antimicrobial additive to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. This not only leads to a stretch ceiling film that is both, mildew and odor-resistant, but the adesive also acts as a presevative. It protects the material surface as it resists deterioration by mold fungus as well as discoloration by mold or mildew.. ...
https://www.renolit.com/fr/industries/maison-et-batiment/interieur/plafond/plafond/bio-pruf-treated-ceiling-film
A Fungus More Expensive Than Gold? | moarstuffA Fungus More Expensive Than Gold? | moarstuff
N-Acetylneuraminic acid is 50 times more expensive than Gold according to some. Its used in the production of antiviral drugs. However, it can be found/synthesized from the Shells of Sea Creatures. Here is an excerpt from the article... Usually, mould fungi are nothing to cheer about - but now they can be used as chemical…
https://moarstuff.wordpress.com/2012/02/22/a-fungus-more-expensive-than-gold/
Main bearings King Racing for Engines: VQ20DE, VQ25DE, VQ25DET, VQ30DE, VQ30DET, VQ35DE. | races-shop.comMain bearings King Racing for Engines: VQ20DE, VQ25DE, VQ25DET, VQ30DE, VQ30DET, VQ35DE. | races-shop.com
Main bearings King Racing for Engines: VQ20DE, VQ25DE, VQ25DET, VQ30DE, VQ30DET, VQ35DE. - Engine Bearings | Fast EU delivery | Since 2010
https://races-shop.com/bearings/561-main-bearings-king-racing-for-engines-vq20de-vq25de-vq25det-vq30de-vq30det-vq35de.html
Peniophora cinerea | www.FUNGIKINGDOM.net | Dianna SmithPeniophora cinerea | www.FUNGIKINGDOM.net | Dianna Smith
Peniophora cinerea (Pers.) Cooke. This is a gray to pale lilac resupinate crust that is thin and attached tightly to recently detached hardwood limb substrates. Surface is generally smooth except for cracking. It is in the Peniophoraceae family if the Russulales order.. ...
http://www.fungikingdom.net/fungi-photos/basidiomycota/russulales-order/peniophoracae---family-in/peniophora-cinerea-pers.html
Aonyx cinerea - WikispeciesAonyx cinerea - Wikispecies
Illiger, J. K. W. 1815 (1804-1811). Ueberblick der Säugethiere nach ihrer Vertheilung über die Welttheile. Abhandlungen der Physikalischen Klasse der Königlich-Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften aus den Jahren 1804-1811, 1815:39-159 (not seen, cited in Harris 1968 ...
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aonyx_cinerea
Vq forex
vq forex the Middle - vq forex, forex global trading group, forex broker auto trade, can you make a living from forex, sukses forex
http://retzepti.ru/vq-forex-1.html
Arabidopsis PECTIN METHYLESTERASEs contribute to immunity against Pseudomonas syringae | Read by QxMDArabidopsis PECTIN METHYLESTERASEs contribute to immunity against Pseudomonas syringae | Read by QxMD
Pectins, major components of dicot cell walls, are synthesized in a heavily methylesterified form in the Golgi and are partially deesterified by pectin methylesterases (PMEs) upon export to the cell wall. PME activity is important for the virulence of the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Here, the roles of Arabidopsis PMEs in pattern-triggered immunity and immune responses to the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola and the bacterial hemibiotroph Pseudomonas syringae pv maculicola ES4326 (Pma ES4326) were studied. Plant PME activity increased during pattern-triggered immunity and after inoculation with either pathogen. The increase of PME activity in response to pathogen treatment was concomitant with a decrease in pectin methylesterification. The pathogen-induced PME activity did not require salicylic acid or ethylene signaling, but was dependent on jasmonic acid signaling. In the case of induction by A. brassicicola, the ethylene response factor, but not the MYC2 branch of ...
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24367018/arabidopsis-pectin-methylesterases-contribute-to-immunity-against-pseudomonas-syringae
Arabidopsis PECTIN METHYLESTERASEs contribute to immunity against Pseudomonas syringae.Arabidopsis PECTIN METHYLESTERASEs contribute to immunity against Pseudomonas syringae.
Bethke G., Grundman R.E., Sreekanta S., Truman W., Katagiri F., Glazebrook J.. Pectins, major components of dicot cell walls, are synthesized in a heavily methylesterified form in the Golgi and are partially deesterified by pectin methylesterases (PMEs) upon export to the cell wall. PME activity is important for the virulence of the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Here, the roles of Arabidopsis PMEs in pattern-triggered immunity and immune responses to the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola and the bacterial hemibiotroph Pseudomonas syringae pv maculicola ES4326 (Pma ES4326) were studied. Plant PME activity increased during pattern-triggered immunity and after inoculation with either pathogen. The increase of PME activity in response to pathogen treatment was concomitant with a decrease in pectin methylesterification. The pathogen-induced PME activity did not require salicylic acid or ethylene signaling, but was dependent on jasmonic acid signaling. In the case of ...
http://www.uniprot.org/citations/24367018
Genetic diversity of a Botrytis cinerea cryptic species complex in Hungary<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Genetic diversity of a Botrytis cinerea cryptic species complex in Hungary. AU - Fekete, Éva. AU - Fekete, E.. AU - Irinyi, László. AU - Karaffa, L.. AU - Árnyasi, Mariann. AU - Asadollahi, Mojtaba. AU - Sándor, E.. PY - 2012/5/20. Y1 - 2012/5/20. N2 - Botrytis cinerea has been described as a species complex containing two cryptic species, referred to as groups I and II. The first . B. cinerea group I strains outside of Western Europe were collected in Hungary in 2008 from strawberry and rape plants. Sympatric . B. cinerea cryptic species were analyzed using a population genetic approach and phenotypic markers. Statistically significant, but moderate population differentiation was found between the two groups in Hungary. Group I was originally typified by the lack of the transposable elements Boty and Flipper. However, all the Hungarian group I isolates carried the Boty element and one isolate additionally contained Flipper, indicating a much wider genetic variation than ...
https://hungary.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/genetic-diversity-of-a-botrytis-cinerea-cryptic-species-complex-i
Genomic analysis of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinereaGenomic analysis of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are closely related necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi notable for their wide host ranges and environmental persistence. These attributes have made these species models for understanding the complexity of necrotrophic, broad host-range pathogenicity. De …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21876677/?dopt=Abstract
CMSERK GENE IS EXPRESSED IN RESPONSE TO THE ATTACK OF PATHOGEN FUNGI COLLETOTRICHUM ACUTATUM AND BOTRYTIS CINEREA |...CMSERK GENE IS EXPRESSED IN RESPONSE TO THE ATTACK OF PATHOGEN FUNGI COLLETOTRICHUM ACUTATUM AND BOTRYTIS CINEREA |...
The genus Cattleya groups orchids originate in tropical zones of South and Central America. One of the most representative species of ornamental importance is Cattleya maxima Lindl. In this study the fungal pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum and Botrytis cinerea were isolated and their pathogenicity was determined by in vitro inoculation of Cattleya maxima. Pathogenicity tests resulted positive for infection with C. acutatum after seven days of inoculation while as for B. cinerea the symptoms of infection appeared after two days. Quantitative PCR revealed that CmSERK gene is more expressed in tissue under fungal attack. These results suggest that CmSERK gene plays an important role in the activation of defense-related responses.. ...
http://axioma.pucesi.edu.ec/index.php/axioma/article/view/688
Basis for use strategies of anilinopyrimidine and phenylpyrrole fungicides against Botrytis cinerea - Download PDFBasis for use strategies of anilinopyrimidine and phenylpyrrole fungicides against Botrytis cinerea - Download PDF
Forster, B.; Staub, T., 1996: Basis for use strategies of anilinopyrimidine and phenylpyrrole fungicides against Botrytis cinerea
https://eurekamag.com/research/002/763/002763121.php
Frontiers | Trichoderma-Inoculated Miscanthus Straw Can Replace Peat in Strawberry Cultivation, with Beneficial Effects on...Frontiers | Trichoderma-Inoculated Miscanthus Straw Can Replace Peat in Strawberry Cultivation, with Beneficial Effects on...
Peat based growing media are not ecologically sustainable and often fail to support biological control. Miscanthus straw was (1) tested to partially replace peat; and (2) pre-colonized with a Trichoderma strain to increase the biological control capacity of the growing media. In two strawberry pot trials (denoted as experiment I & II), extruded and non-extruded miscanthus straw, with or without pre-colonization with T. harzianum T22, was used to partially (20% v/v) replace peat. We tested the performance of each mixture by monitoring strawberry plant development, nutrient content in the leaves and growing media, sensitivity of the fruit to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea, rhizosphere community and strawberry defense responses. N immobilization by miscanthus straw reduced strawberry growth and yield in experiment II but not in I. The pre-colonization of the straw with Trichoderma increased the post-harvest disease suppressiveness against B. cinerea and changed the rhizosphere fungal microbiome in
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.00213/full
Synergistic effects of mixtures of the kresoxim-methyl fungicide and medicinal plants extracts in vitro and in vivo against...
The fungus Botrytis cinerea is an opportunistic pathogen on a wide variety of crops, causing disease known as grey mould through infections via wounds or dead plant parts. Synthetic fungicides for controlling this disease are fast becoming ineffective due to the development of resistance. This, coupled with consumers world wide becomng increasingly conscious of potential environment and health problems associated with the build up of toxic chemicals, (particularly in food products), have resulted in pressure to reduce the use of chemical pesticide volumes as well as its residues. An emerging alternative to random synthesis is the study and exploitation of naturally occurring products with fungicidal properties. There have been reports on the uses of synthetic fungicides for the control of plant pathogenic fungi. When utilized in two-way mixtures, such fungicides may maintain or enhance the level of control of a pathogen at reduced rates for both components utilized in combinations, or alone at ...
http://www.openthesis.org/documents/Synergistic-effects-mixtures-kresoxim-methyl-502172.html
Fast-tracking botrytis fungicide resistance identification | Wine AustraliaFast-tracking botrytis fungicide resistance identification | Wine Australia
A rapid, simple and cost-effective test to detect and quantify fungicide resistant botrytis in a vineyard setting has been successfully demonstrated in Western Australia.
https://www.wineaustralia.com/news/articles/botrytis-fungicide-resistance-identification
Everything About Wood: Tetraphenylphosphonium allyldithiocarbimates derived from Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts: Synthesis,...Everything About Wood: Tetraphenylphosphonium allyldithiocarbimates derived from Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts: Synthesis,...
Botrytis blight is a very destructive disease caused by Botrytis spp., infecting flowers, trees, vegetables and fruits. Twelve new compounds were prepared by the reaction of potassium N-aryl-sulfonyldithiocarbimates with Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives bearing phenyl and furyl groups. These are the first examples of allyldithiocarbimate anions and were isolated as tetraphenylphosphonium salts. The new compounds were characterized by HRMS, NMR and Infrared spectroscopy. Further, the structures of three allyldithiocarbimates were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds are isostructural and crystallize in the space group P21/c of the monoclinic system, and the allyldithiocarbimate anions present Z configuration. All the compounds were active against Botrytis cinerea. The best results were achieved with the tetraphenylphosphonium (Z)-3-(furan-2-yl)-2-(methoxycarbonyl)allyl-(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl)dithiocarbimate (IC50 38 μM). ...
http://woodethic.blogspot.com/2016/11/tetraphenylphosphonium.html
KEGG PATHWAY: Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis - Botrytis cinerea
Glycolysis is the process of converting glucose into pyruvate and generating small amounts of ATP (energy) and NADH (reducing power). It is a central pathway that produces important precursor metabolites: six-carbon compounds of glucose-6P and fructose-6P and three-carbon compounds of glycerone-P, glyceraldehyde-3P, glycerate-3P, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate [MD:M00001]. Acetyl-CoA, another important precursor metabolite, is produced by oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate [MD:M00307]. When the enzyme genes of this pathway are examined in completely sequenced genomes, the reaction steps of three-carbon compounds from glycerone-P to pyruvate form a conserved core module [MD:M00002], which is found in almost all organisms and which sometimes contains operon structures in bacterial genomes. Gluconeogenesis is a synthesis pathway of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors. It is essentially a reversal of glycolysis with minor variations of alternative paths [MD:M00003 ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?bfu00010+BC1G_13687
KEGG PATHWAY: Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis - Botrytis cinerea
Glycolysis is the process of converting glucose into pyruvate and generating small amounts of ATP (energy) and NADH (reducing power). It is a central pathway that produces important precursor metabolites: six-carbon compounds of glucose-6P and fructose-6P and three-carbon compounds of glycerone-P, glyceraldehyde-3P, glycerate-3P, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate [MD:M00001]. Acetyl-CoA, another important precursor metabolite, is produced by oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate [MD:M00307]. When the enzyme genes of this pathway are examined in completely sequenced genomes, the reaction steps of three-carbon compounds from glycerone-P to pyruvate form a conserved core module [MD:M00002], which is found in almost all organisms and which sometimes contains operon structures in bacterial genomes. Gluconeogenesis is a synthesis pathway of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors. It is essentially a reversal of glycolysis with minor variations of alternative paths [MD:M00003 ...
http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?bfu00010+BC1G_06362
Organic Eprints - BICOPOLL - Targeted precision biocontrol and pollination enhancement in organic cropping systemsOrganic Eprints - BICOPOLL - Targeted precision biocontrol and pollination enhancement in organic cropping systems
Organic berry and fruit production suffers heavily from the lack of effective disease and pest management tools, and from inadequate insect pollination at times. As a consequence, the expanding demand on organic berries cannot be filled today. The BICOPOLL project aimed to change this and to improve the yield and quality of organic strawberry production significantly and thus farm economics. We used honeybees to (i) target deliver a biological control agent (fungus antagonist) to the flowers of the target crops (strawberries) to provide control of the problem diseases grey mold (Botrytis cinerea) and to (ii) improve the pollination of this organic horticultural crops. The use of bees has many environmental and economic benefits compared to spraying fungicide like in conventional farming systems. As bees, that actually forage in the target crop, is a key essential requirement for the entomovectoring technology, the main focus of this project was to determine, which factors can affect foraging ...
https://orgprints.org/29282/
Salix cinerea - definition of Salix cinerea by The Free DictionarySalix cinerea - definition of Salix cinerea by The Free Dictionary
Define Salix cinerea. Salix cinerea synonyms, Salix cinerea pronunciation, Salix cinerea translation, English dictionary definition of Salix cinerea. Noun 1. Salix cinerea - Eurasian shrubby willow with whitish tomentose twigs gray willow, grey willow genus Salix, Salix - a large and widespread genus...
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Salix+cinerea
WRKY4 - Probable WRKY transcription factor 4 - Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) - WRKY4 gene & proteinWRKY4 - Probable WRKY transcription factor 4 - Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) - WRKY4 gene & protein
Transcription factor that binds specifically to the W box (5-(T)TGAC[CT]-3), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis-acting element. Has a positive role in resistance to necrotrophic pathogens (e.g. Botrytis cinerea), but a negative effect on plant resistance to biotrophic pathogens (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae).
http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9XI90
Frontiers | Common protein sequence signatures associate with Sclerotinia borealis lifestyle and secretion in fungal pathogens...Frontiers | Common protein sequence signatures associate with Sclerotinia borealis lifestyle and secretion in fungal pathogens...
Fungal plant pathogens produce secreted proteins adapted to function outside fungal cells to facilitate colonization of their hosts. In many cases such as for fungi from the Sclerotiniaceae family the repertoire and function of secreted proteins remains elusive. In the Sclerotiniaceae, whereas Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are cosmopolitan broad host-range plant pathogens, Sclerotinia borealis has a psychrophilic lifestyle with a low optimal growth temperature, a narrow host range and geographic distribution. To spread successfully, S. borealis must synthesize proteins adapted to function in its specific environment. The search for signatures of adaptation to S. borealis lifestyle may therefore help revealing proteins critical for colonization of the environment by Sclerotiniaceae fungi. Here, we analyzed amino acids usage and intrinsic protein disorder in alignments of groups of orthologous proteins from the three Sclerotiniaceae species. We found that enrichment in Thr, depletion in
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2015.00776/full
Bigger Than Your Head » 2014 » AugustBigger Than Your Head » 2014 » August
long before tasting and writing about them, but I wanted to see how a few years in the fridge would affect them. The examples in question are Dolce 2007, 06, 05 and 04, dessert wines in half-bottles, and what they reveal across four years is a remarkable and gratifying consistency in tone, structure, flavor profile and balance. Differences? Of course, and I will discuss those variations in more detail further in this post. The partners in Far Niente conceived of the project - a small winery devoted to a single dessert wine - in 1985; the first vintage introduced commercially was 1989, released in 1992. The production of dessert wine depends on geographical and climatic conditions - foggy, with a subtle balance between warm and cool - suitable for the inoculation of the botrytis mold, the noble rot, that can attack grapes, suck out the moisture and reduce them to concentrated sugar bombs. This invasion occurs grape by grape, not cluster by cluster, so harvesting a vineyard affected by botrytis ...
http://biggerthanyourhead.net/2014/08/
Brassica oleracea (Botrytis Group) - Plant FinderBrassica oleracea (Botrytis Group) - Plant Finder
I grow a spring and fall crop here in SW IL. Plant the spring crop with purchased transplants around the end of March and grow my own fall transplants from seeds sown in mid June. Harvest the main head from both crops and then leave the plants for an extended harvest from the side florets. Rabbits, aphids and cabbage loopers a constant battle ...
http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderComments.aspx?taxonid=261913&isprofile=0&chr=19
Gammaflexiviridae - WikipediaGammaflexiviridae - Wikipedia
Gammaflexiviridae is a family of viruses in the order Tymovirales. Fungi serve as natural hosts. There are currently only one genus (Mycoflexivirus) and one species in this family: the type species Botrytis virus F. Group: ssRNA(+) Order: Tymovirales Family: Gammaflexiviridae Genus: Mycoflexivirus Botrytis virus F Viruses in Gammaflexiviridae are non-enveloped, with flexuous and Filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 12-13 nm, with a length of 720 nm. Genomes are linear, around 6.8kb in length. The genome has 2 open reading frames. Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Fungi serve as the natural host. Viral Zone. ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015. ICTV. Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release. Retrieved 15 June 2015. Howitt, R. L.; Beever, R. E.; Pearson, M. N.; Forster, R. L. (2001). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammaflexiviridae
Brassica oleracea botrytis Candid Charm - Squires Garden CentresBrassica oleracea botrytis Candid Charm - Squires Garden Centres
At Squires we take your privacy very seriously. We fully appreciate and respect the importance of data privacy and security on the Internet.. Our cookies are used to distinguish you from other users of our website. This helps us to provide you with a good experience when you browse our website and also allows us to improve our site.. You can read our Privacy Policy here for more information ...
https://www.squiresgardencentres.co.uk/plant_finder/brassica-oleracea-botrytis-candid-charm/
How an Aggressive Fungal Pathogen Causes Mold in Fruits and Vegetables - Healthcanal.com : Healthcanal.comHow an Aggressive Fungal Pathogen Causes Mold in Fruits and Vegetables - Healthcanal.com : Healthcanal.com
To date, almost all the pathogen effectors studied or discovered have been proteins, said lead author Hailing Jin, a professor of plant pathology and microbiology. Ours is the first study to add the RNA molecule to the list of effectors. We expect our work will help in the development of new means to control aggressive pathogens.. Small RNAs guide gene silencing in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms. In the case of Botrytis cinerea, small RNAs silence the expression of host defense genes, resulting in the host plant cells being less able to resist the fungal attack. The process is similar to how protein effectors weaken host immunity in the case of most pathogens.. What we have discovered is a naturally-occurring cross-kingdom RNAi phenomenon between a fungal pathogen and a plant host that serves as an advanced virulence mechanism, Jin said.. RNA interference or RNAi is a conserved gene regulatory mechanism that is guided by small RNAs for silencing (or suppressing) genes.. Next, Jin and ...
https://www.healthcanal.com/public-health-safety/43613-how-an-aggressive-fungal-pathogen-causes-mold-in-fruits-and-vegetables.html
Aspergillosis baromfi, aspergillosis is an infection caused by a type of mold (fungus)Aspergillosis baromfi, aspergillosis is an infection caused by a type of mold (fungus)
The Aspergillosis Trust has compiled an A-Z of everything you might need to know if you have a. Aspergillus is a group of moulds found all over the world, and is common in the home.
https://faisant-houdt.com/allatok__madarak__6963707-verele-laga-nagypapagaj-elesegben-mar-tobbszor-is-talaltam-mogyorot-illetve-elfeho-imv23669ki-
KENJA 400 SC Fungicide - AgNova Technologies, crop protection AustraliaKENJA 400 SC Fungicide - AgNova Technologies, crop protection Australia
KENJA® 400 SC is a novel Group 7 fungicide for the control of Botrytis cinerea infecting Australian berry crops. Kenja works by inhibiting succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) production in the cell mitochondria.
https://agnova.com.au/products/kenja.html
When insights from pharma help fight fungusWhen insights from pharma help fight fungus
Fungicide resistance is a growing problem, as evidenced by publication trends. Publications on this issue are particularly high across the worlds major economies, and many focus specifically on the fungus Botrytis.. A greater awareness of the toxic effects of conventional fungicide formulations is driving interest among those in the crop protection sector in new pesticides. Researchers are trying to increase efficacy with a more targeted approach for a specific organism or class of organisms, and by finding novel targets and modes of action to overcome resistance. With the goals of pesticide discovery not so very different from those of drug discovery, could insights from pharmaceutical research potentially help with the problem of fungicide resistance?. Some of us at Elsevier thought the answer to that question could be yes. Finding new lead compounds that might act as a new pesticide can be a lengthy process, and so we have been working on a method which can provide lead compounds by using ...
https://pharma.elsevier.com/pharma-rd/when-insights-from-pharma-help-fight-fungus/
Tweed Heads
101 - 1,000 = High, 1,001 - 10,000 = Very High, ,10,000 = Extreme. 25/Mar/2009: Both sites trapped medium numbers this week. Piggabeen Road had a yield of 81, with 40 Culex sitiens, while Beltana Drive trapped 77 including 23 Culex sitiens. 19/Mar/2009: Piggabeen Road trapped low mosquito numbers. Beltana Drive had a high catch of 136 mosquitoes and included 60 Culex sitiens. 11/Mar/2009: Piggabeen Road trapped medium (98) mosquito numbers, dominated by 76 Culex sitiens. Beltana Drive had a low catch. 4/Mar/2009: Both sites trapped high numbers this week. Piggabeen Road had a yield of 194, with 93 Culex sitiens, while Beltana Drive trapped 292 including 185 Culex sitiens. 26/Feb/2009: Piggabeen Road trapped medium (58) mosquito numbers, dominated by 31 Culex sitiens. Beltana Drive had a high catch of 236 mosquitoes and included 141 Culex sitiens. 18/Feb/2009: Piggabeen Road trapped medium (76) mosquito numbers, dominated by 55 Culex sitiens. Beltana Drive had a high ...
http://medent.usyd.edu.au/arbovirus/results/20082009results/tweedheads/tweedheads.htm
Sooty mold : UMN ExtensionSooty mold : UMN Extension
Sooty mold is often found on plants infested with sap sucking insects such as aphids, white flies, or scales which produce a sugary secretion called honeydew. This honeydew drips down onto leaves and branches providing a food base on which the sooty mold fungi can grow. Sooty mold may also grow on sap or resin associated with wounds.. We do not recommend control of the mold itself. However, the presence of sooty mold is often an indication of insect activity which has the potential for causing damage. Proper identification of the insect is necessary to determine if chemical control is warranted. Light coverings of the mold will gradually disappear during dry weather when its nutrient source is eliminated. Sooty mold can be physically washed off small plants if desired.. P440S. Revised by Chad Behrendt and Crystal Floyd 1999. ...
http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/yard-garden/trees-shrubs/sooty-mold/
Dont Panic! Its just Snow Mold Disease | Reder Landscaping - Landscape Design & Lawn CareDont Panic! Its just Snow Mold Disease | Reder Landscaping - Landscape Design & Lawn Care
Snow Mold occurs when snow accumulates and then remains undisturbed for long periods on wet, unfrozen grass. This condition allows mold to germinate and spread in small patches throughout the lawn. Snow Mold is more prevalent in areas of greater snow accumulation, such as the edges of driveways and walks where snow is piled during shoveling and plowing. It also thrives in low-lying areas where moisture collects, as well as in other areas where snow takes longer to melt.. If you find Snow Mold on your lawn this spring, simply use a leaf rake to go over the affected areas to remove debris and stand the grass up to allow air to circulate. This alone is often enough for the grass to heal. Your first application of lawn fertilizer in the spring will also aid in the recovery process by helping your turf grow and push out the disease. In severe cases where raking and fertilizing fail the area may need to be reseeded.. ...
https://www.rederlandscaping.com/lawns/snow-mold-disease/
BioLan Biosensor Arkiv - VinoSignsBioLan Biosensor Arkiv - VinoSigns
En automatislk biosensor fra BioLan i Bilbao , Spanien, til hurtig og simpel kontrol af høstede druer for glucoronsyre (Botrytis). Resultatet kan udprintes An automatic biosensor for controlling the quality of incoming grapes with no need for injections for sample preparation: the equipment analyses gluconic acid levels quickly, automatically and simply. The results can also be printed out.. Se Biowine 500 brochuren(på spansk) her: FICHA TECNICA BIOWINE 500 V.17.1.E.pdf. Se den generelle Biowine flyer her: FLYER BIOWINE.pdf. ...
https://vinosigns.dk/produkt-kategori/biolan-biosensor/
ice wine Solemn 03, l. 00:50 - Cascina Baricchi - Palatifini.itice wine Solemn 03, l. 00:50 - Cascina Baricchi - Palatifini.it
Moscato Bianco grapes, PiedmontThe grapes are totally frozen, but not botrytis, collected and processed icy night with a small vertical hydraulic press.
https://www.palatifini.it/en/sweet-wines-and-passiti/1370-ice-wine-solemn-03-l-050-cascina-baricchi.html
Are your Allergies worst in the morning? | Neurotic Physiology
Of all the replies I have read here, everyone seems to be having the same symptoms, all are attributing the symptoms to hay fever, dogs, cats, flowers, dust, pillows, etc. No one has mentioned mold/fungi. Has anyone had their apartment/home tested for the presence of mold or fungus? I have been suffering all the symptoms and others as well, because my apartment is infested with toxic mold and fungus. It has developed into spores (tiny things invisible to the naked eye, smaller than a particle of dust, and mycotoxins have invaded the premises. I had lab tests done for surface mold. air quality test done for air in apartment and air quality outside for comparison. If I leave the apartment for a period of time, the symptoms begin to ease; when the symptoms come back with a vengence within 15 mins to an hour and continue throughout the day and night. Constant exposure is making me very ill. The spores land on everything; my food, my clothing, my furniture, my skin, my hair etc. Management here ...
http://scicurious.scientopia.org/2011/03/21/are-your-allergies-worst-in-the-morning/?replytocom=7665
Are your Allergies worst in the morning? | Neurotic Physiology
Of all the replies I have read here, everyone seems to be having the same symptoms, all are attributing the symptoms to hay fever, dogs, cats, flowers, dust, pillows, etc. No one has mentioned mold/fungi. Has anyone had their apartment/home tested for the presence of mold or fungus? I have been suffering all the symptoms and others as well, because my apartment is infested with toxic mold and fungus. It has developed into spores (tiny things invisible to the naked eye, smaller than a particle of dust, and mycotoxins have invaded the premises. I had lab tests done for surface mold. air quality test done for air in apartment and air quality outside for comparison. If I leave the apartment for a period of time, the symptoms begin to ease; when the symptoms come back with a vengence within 15 mins to an hour and continue throughout the day and night. Constant exposure is making me very ill. The spores land on everything; my food, my clothing, my furniture, my skin, my hair etc. Management here ...
http://scicurious.scientopia.org/2011/03/21/are-your-allergies-worst-in-the-morning/?replytocom=7648
Quick method for testing resistance of winter triticale to pink snow mould disease - Acta Physiologiae Plantarum - Tom 38,...
Tytuł projektu: Rozbudowa i przekształcenie bibliograficznej bazy danych AGRO w bazę bibliograficzno-abstraktową z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania YADDA. Nr umowy: POIG 02.03.02-00-031/09 (okres realizacji 2009-2013 ...
http://agro.icm.edu.pl/agro/element/bwmeta1.element.agro-2e38e21a-8382-4cb0-a695-e026265adef6?printView=true
Boogie Woogie Aphid - Thank You Very MulchBoogie Woogie Aphid - Thank You Very Mulch
You can blast them with jets of water late in the season or spray with an insect control however on a large Beech tree for many this is not practical. They will not kill the tree but can weaken the tree over time….generally we just see some branch loss here and there. Their calling card is sooty mold fungi from their excretions called honeydew that turns tar black in color.. Their dance will cause some branch distortion and possibly some branch loss but you are not going to lose your tree. As with any tree good maintenance and care (including feeding and pruning) will keep the tree healthy and able to withstand nuisances like the Boogie Woogie Aphid.. ...
https://thankyouverymulch.com/2016/09/boogie-woogie-aphid/
Mollisia cinerea, Common Grey Disco FungusMollisia cinerea, Common Grey Disco Fungus
Mollisia cinerea, Common Grey Disco ascomycete ungus: identification pictures (images), habitat, edible or poisonous; taxonomy, etymology, synonyms, similar species
http://www.first-nature.com/fungi/mollisia-cinerea.php
Tweed Heads
101 - 1,000 = High, 1,001 - 10,000 = Very High, ,10,000 = Extreme.. 28/4/2002: Mosquito numbers were low from both sites. 21/4/2002: Mosquito numbers were low from both sites. 14/4/2002: Piggabeen Rd had a medium collection of 53, with 35 Culex sitiens, while numbers were low at Beltana Drive. 7/4/2002: Mosquito numbers were low from both sites. 31/3/2002: Mosquito numbers were low from both sites. 24/3/2002: Both sites had medium numbers. Piggabeen Rd trapped 72 mosquitoes, with 69 Culex sitiens, while Beltana Drive collected 57, including 41 Culex sitiens. . 17/3/2002: Piggabeen Rd had a medium collection of 74, with 64 Culex sitiens, while numbers were low at Beltana Drive. 10/3/2002: Mosquito numbers were low from both sites. 3/3/2002: Mosquito numbers were low from both sites. 24/2/2002: Piggabeen Rd trapped low numbers, while Beltana Drive had a medium collection of 74, with 64 Culex sitiens. 19/2/2002: Piggabeen Road trapped low numbers, while a high ...
http://medent.usyd.edu.au/arbovirus/results/20012002results/tweedheads/tweedheads.htm
NSK - R52Z-4 BEARING - R52Z-4(NSK) Autozone | CRB BEARING - comerciominoristamadrid.es
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NSK 30336 Bearing is one of our main products,NSK new insert bearing units are especially bearing. The NSK Three-barrier solution extends bearing service life without the use of.. 30336.. If you want to know its price, size and other information can contact us.
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Experiences with VQ RTCP-XR ?
1. I suspect that though RTCP reports MAY highlight issues coming from bandwidth issues between my Yealink phone and my ITSP, they cannot show issues coming from bandwith issues between my ITSP and remote phone ...
http://forum.yealink.com/forum/showthread.php?tid=40622&pid=58537#pid58537
WebshopWebshop
Metodene foreligger enten på dansk, svensk eller norsk side om side med en engelsk version. De fleste metoder findes også på finsk/engelsk. Alle metoder foreligger i PDF-format og kan sendes pr. e-mail. Gå til webshop ...
http://www.nmkl.org/index.php/nb/webshop/alphaindex/e
BotrytisBotrytis
... may refer to: Botrytis (fungus), the anamorphs of fungi of the genus Botryotinia Botrytis cinerea, a mold important in ... the cauliflower cultivar group of Brassica oleracea This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Botrytis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis
Botrytis squamosaBotrytis squamosa
"Onion-Botrytis Leaf Blight(Botrytis squamosa)". Vegetable MD online, Cornell University. Shoemaker, P.B. "Timing initial ... Botrytis squamosa (teleomorph: Botryotinia squamosa) is a fungus that causes leaf blight on onion (often termed 'blast') that ... Sutton, John (1983). "Relation of weather and host factors to an epidemic of Botrytis leaf blight in onions". Canadian Journal ... Alderman, S.C. (1984). "Influence of leaf position and maturity on development of Botrytis squamosa in onion leaves" (PDF). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis_squamosa
Botrytis fabaeBotrytis fabae
... is a plant pathogen, a fungus that causes chocolate spot disease of broad or fava bean plants, Vicia faba. It ... Chocolate spot disease caused by Botrytis fabae manifests itself as small red-brown spots on leaves, stems and flowers of broad ... 1974). "Botrytis fabae". CMI Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. 432. (CS1 Spanish-language sources (es), Webarchive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis_fabae
Botrytis alliiBotrytis allii
"Botrytis Species Associated with Neck Rot, Scape Blight, and Umbel Blight of Onion." Detection and Identification of Botrytis ... Botrytis allii poses a threat to that value because it can potentially cause a 50% reduction in yield if left unchecked. These ... Botrytis allii is a plant pathogen, a fungus that causes neck rot in stored onions (Allium cepa) and related crops. Its ... Botrytis allii used to cause significant losses in the onion bulb industry in the UK. Fortunately, by utilization of better ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis_allii
Botrytis (fungus)Botrytis (fungus)
Botrytis aclada Botrytis allii Botrytis allii-fistulosi Botrytis ampelophila Botrytis anacardii Botrytis anthophila Botrytis ... argillacea Botrytis arisaemae Botrytis artocarpi Botrytis bifurcata Botrytis bryi Botrytis capsularum Botrytis carnea Botrytis ... Botrytis cinerea Botrytis citricola Botrytis citrina Botrytis convallariae Botrytis croci Botrytis cryptomeriae Botrytis densa ... Botrytis diospyri Botrytis elliptica Botrytis fabae Botrytis fabiopsis Botrytis galanthina Botrytis gladioli Botrytis gossypina ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis_(fungus)
Botrytis narcissicolaBotrytis narcissicola
INFECTION OF NARCISSUS BY BOTRYTIS NARCISSICOLA AND BOTRYTIS CINEREA. 1980. Hong, Sung Kee; Kim, Wan Gyu; Cho, Weon Dae; Kim, ... Botrytis narcissicola is a plant pathogen, a fungus that causes narcissus smoulder of daffodils, genus Narcissus. T.M. O'Neill ... Hong Gi (2007). "Occurrence of Narcissus Smoulder Caused by Botrytis narcissicola in Korea". Mycobiology. 35 (4): 235-7. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis_narcissicola
Ulocladium botrytisUlocladium botrytis
The U. botrytis MAT genes have lost the ability to regulate sexual reproduction in U. botrytis; however, they have the ability ... The allergic symptoms caused by U. botrytis are compatible with rhinitis and asthma; however, U. botrytis was also found in ... Dodecane and 9,10,12,13-tetrahydroxyheneicosanoic acid were also found as metabolites of U. botrytis. Another U. botrytis ... botrytis MAT genes are essential for controlling colony size and asexual traits such as conidial size and number in U.botrytis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulocladium_botrytis
Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinerea
Synonyms for the sexual stage are: Botrytis fuckeliana N.F. Buchw., (1949) Botrytis gemella (Bonord.) Sacc., (1881) Botrytis ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Botrytis cinerea. Genome information for Botrytis cinerea Genome analysis of Botrytis ... Botrytis complicates winemaking by making fermentation more complex. Botrytis produces an anti-fungal compound that kills yeast ... Botrytis bunch rot is another condition of grapes caused by B. cinerea that causes great losses for the wine industry. It is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis_cinerea
Botrytis ellipticaBotrytis elliptica
"Gray Mold or Botrytis". Old Farmer's Almanac. "Asiatic Lily Problems". homeguides.sfgate.com. "Botrytis Blight: Botrytis ... Botrytis elliptica is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen which infects species of plants in the Lilium genus, causing the disease ... "Gray Mold (Botrytis) , Focus on Plant Problems , U of I Extension". web.extension.illinois.edu. Factsheet , HGIC 2100 , Updated ... In addition to breeding for Botrytis-resistant cultivars, steps can be taken to prevent the spread of this mold in the field. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis_elliptica
Ramaria botrytisRamaria botrytis
Other species with which R. botrytis may be confused include: R. formosa, which has branches that are pinker than R. botrytis, ... botrytis by its smooth spores. The European species R. rielii, often confused with R. botrytis and sometimes considered ... Ramaria botrytis is a "snowbank fungus", meaning it commonly fruits near the edges of melting snowbanks in the spring. In Korea ... The variety R. botrytis var. aurantiiramosa is distinguished from the more common variety by the orange color of the upper ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramaria_botrytis
Botrytis-induced kinase 1Botrytis-induced kinase 1
As its name suggests, BIK1 is only active after being induced by Botrytis infection. When Botrytis cinerea is present, the BIK1 ... Botrytis-induced kinase 1 (BIK1) is a membrane-anchored enzyme in plants. It is a kinase that provides resistance to ... Current research regarding Botrytis-induced kinase1 aims to determine how BIK1 interacts with MAPK pathway proteins as well as ... When Botrytis cinerea or Alternaria brassicicola or any other necrotrophic pathogen is present, BIK1 is transcribed to regulate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botrytis–induced_kinase_1
CabbageCabbage
botrytis); Brussels sprouts (var. gemmifera); and Savoy cabbage (var. sabauda). A cabbage generally weighs between 500 to 1,000 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabbage
CauliflowerCauliflower
botrytis L.)". In Bajaj, Y. P. S. (ed.). Crops II. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry. Vol. 6. Springer. pp. 211-225. ... botrytis)". American Society of Plant Biologists Annual Meeting. p. 628. "Production/Crops, Quantities by Country for ... Cultivars include 'Cheddar' and 'Orange Bouquet'. Green Green cauliflower in the B. oleracea Botrytis Group is sometimes called ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauliflower
ProchlorazProchloraz
The agent is a broad-spectrum, protective and curative fungicide, effective against Alternaria spp., Botrytis spp., Erysiphe ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prochloraz
PerfumePerfume
Example: Ginestet Botrytis. Gourmand (French: [ɡuʁmɑ̃]): Scents with "edible" or "dessert-like" qualities, often containing ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfume
Economy of FloridaEconomy of Florida
This is the Botrytis Fruit Rot of strawberries caused by Botrytis cinerea. (See § Botrytis cinerea.) Growers here ship ... Gray Mold is caused by Botrytis cinerea. Botrytis Fruit Rot due to this fungus is one of the most important strawberry diseases ... It is possible that the Botrytis problem in 'CR' could be remedied with different fungicide timing. (See also § Botrytis Fruit ... Chandler et al., 2006 finds 'SC' is consistently somewhat susceptible to Botrytis Fruit Rot, see also § Botrytis Fruit Rot. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Florida
Agriculture in MassachusettsAgriculture in Massachusetts
Strawberries suffer from Botrytis Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) and Tarnished Plant Bug (Lygus lineolaris) here, and the ... "Botrytis Gray Mold". Strawberry IPM, UMass Extension Fruit Program. 2020-07-16. Retrieved 2022-06-27. "Tarnished Plant Bug". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Massachusetts
Hyaloperonospora parasiticaHyaloperonospora parasitica
Synonyms: Botrytis parasitica Pers., 1796 ... http://www.mycobank.org/Biolomics.aspx?Table=Mycobank&MycoBankNr_=374990[full ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyaloperonospora_parasitica
Romanesco broccoliRomanesco broccoli
Botrytis L.". Acta Hortic. 407 (407): 109-114. doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.1996.407.12. Fractal Food: Self-Similarity on the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanesco_broccoli
Delia (fly)Delia (fly)
botrytis), turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa), and radish (Raphanus sativus). Delia antiqua larvae, commonly known as the onion ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delia_(fly)
2,4,6-Trichloroanisole2,4,6-Trichloroanisole
Botrytis cinerea, Rhizobium sp., or Streptomyces) are presented with chlorinated phenolic compounds, which they then convert ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,4,6-Trichloroanisole
2,4,6-Tribromoanisole2,4,6-Tribromoanisole
Botrytis cinerea, Rhizobium sp., or Streptomyces) are presented with brominated phenolic compounds, which they then convert ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,4,6-Tribromoanisole
Verticillium wiltVerticillium wilt
botrytis (Cauliflower) Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Cabbage) Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera (Brussels Sprouts) Buxus (Box ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verticillium_wilt
List of honey plantsList of honey plants
botrytis L. Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata Brassica oleracea L. var. gemnifera Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes Eruca ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_honey_plants
Narcissus (plant)Narcissus (plant)
Another Botrytis fungus, Botrytis polyblastis (Sclerotinia polyblastis) causes brown spots on the flower buds and stems ( ... and other species of Botrytis, including Botrytis cinerea, particularly if improperly stored. Copper sulfate is used to combat ... 2007). Botrytis biology, pathology and control. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-2626-3. ISBN 978-1- ... Hong, Sung Kee; Kim, Wan Gyu; Cho, Weon Dae; Kim, Hong Gi (2007). "Occurrence of Narcissus Smoulder Caused by Botrytis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcissus_(plant)
Amphobotrys riciniAmphobotrys ricini
1973). "Botrytis and Botrytis-like genera". Persoonia. 7 (2): 183-204 (see p. 192). v t e v t e (Articles with short ... Originally described as a species of Botrytis in 1949, it was transferred to the genus Amphobotrys in 1973. "GSD Species ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphobotrys_ricini
Noble rotNoble rot
University of California Pest Management Guidelines for Grape Botrytis Bunch Rot The Ohio State University Botrytis Bunch Rot ... Botrytis cinerea, affecting wine grapes. Infestation by Botrytis requires moist conditions. If the weather stays wet, the ... Botrytis has also been imported for use by winemakers in California and Australia. A Short History of Riesling Karen MacNeil ... Grapes typically become infected with Botrytis when they are ripe. If they are then exposed to drier conditions and become ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble_rot
RhizinaceaeRhizinaceae
1973). "Botrytis and Botrytis-like genera". Persoonia. 7 (2): 183-204. Bonorden HF. (1851). Handbuch der allgemeinen Mykologie ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizinaceae
BlueberryBlueberry
Botrytis cinerea, Naohidemyces vaccinii, Microsphaera penicillata var. vaccinii, and various viruses being the most common. DDT ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blueberry
Maria Ragland DavisMaria Ragland Davis
Cold induced Botrytis cinerea enolase (BcEnol-1) functions as a transcriptional regulator and is controlled by cAMP. Molecular ... Pandey, Ajay K.; Jain, Preti; Podila, Gopi K.; Tudzynski, Bettina; Davis, Maria R. (2009). "Cold induced Botrytis cinerea ... Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Botrytis cinerea Secretome. J. Proteome Res., 2009, 8 (3), pgs. 1123-30, Punit Shah, James A ... "Cold induced Botrytis cinerea enolase (BcEnol-1) functions as a transcriptional regulator and is controlled by cAMP". Molecular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Ragland_Davis
Frontiers | Analysis of Cryptic, Systemic Botrytis Infections in Symptomless HostsFrontiers | Analysis of Cryptic, Systemic Botrytis Infections in Symptomless Hosts
Botrytis cinerea and Botrytis pseudocinerea are the species that most commonly occur as cryptic infections, but ... By contrast to this general perception, however, Botrytis species could frequently be isolated from the interior of multiple ... By contrast to this general perception, however, Botrytis species could frequently be isolated from the interior of multiple ... These data collectively suggest that several Botrytis species, including the most notorious pathogenic species, exist ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2016.00625/full
Botrytis: protecting ornamentals crops from Botrytis | HortWeekBotrytis: protecting ornamentals crops from Botrytis | HortWeek
Botrytis: protecting ornamentals crops from Botrytis - from HortWeek ...
https://www.hortweek.com/botrytis-protecting-ornamentals-crops-botrytis/ornamentals/article/1668217
Brassica oleracea ssp. Botrytis Group (Cauliflower) Monthly Plant Care RemindersBrassica oleracea ssp. Botrytis Group (Cauliflower) Monthly Plant Care Reminders
Monthly regional plant care reminders by gardening expert San Diego Seed Companyto create your own personalized gardening to-do list on theMulch.com for free.
https://www.themulch.com/plantcare-information?id=19625
Rosso Coral (Ramaria botrytis) photo - image 28996Rosso Coral (Ramaria botrytis) photo - image 28996
Ramaria botrytis). Free use by schools, etc., paid use 30 - 60 EUR / photo. Munkholm Skov, Mariager, Danmark. Id 28996 ...
http://www.biopix.com/rosso-coral-ramaria-botrytis_photo-28996.aspx
Botrytis | Garden Pests & Diseases | Gardening Tips | Thompson & MorganBotrytis | Garden Pests & Diseases | Gardening Tips | Thompson & Morgan
Botrytis is a common fungus that appears as a grey, fuzzy mould on plants. The experts at T&M have put together some tips on ... What is botrytis?. Botrytis is the commonly-used name for the Botrytis cinerea fungus, also known as grey mould. Its a disease ... Botrytis is an unsightly and damaging fungus. Image: Floki. Botrytis is a common fungus that can infect and destroy ornamental ... As botrytis is often found near the soil surface, be vigilant about keeping the soil free of debris. Decaying plant material ...
https://www.thompson-morgan.com/diseases/botrytis
Gramps Botrytis Semillon (375mL) - Tyson StelzerGramp's Botrytis Semillon (375mL) - Tyson Stelzer
It takes as much fruit to make a half bot of botrytis wine as it does a full bot of anything else, such is its concentration! ...
https://www.tysonstelzer.com/gramps-botrytis-semillon-375ml/
Botrytis - Black GoldBotrytis - Black Gold
Managing Botrytis Blight in Roses. Here are three easy, all-natural steps to managing botrytis blight in roses. ... Fungal rose browning/rot is caused by Botrytis Blight (Botrytis cinerea). In most severe cases, the buds will turn brown before ... Tag: Botrytis. Why are My Rosebuds Dying Before They Bloom?. "I have a beautiful pink rose bush, but the flowers are starting ...
https://blackgold.bz/tag/botrytis/
Evaluation of fungicide programs for management of Botrytis bunch rot of grapes: 2010 field trialEvaluation of fungicide programs for management of Botrytis bunch rot of grapes: 2010 field trial
1992). Botrytis overwinters as sclerotia in mummified berries on the ground or on canes. The disease can first appear as shoot ... Bunch rot of grapes is caused by Botrytis cinerea, a fast-growing pathogen infecting numerous crops of commercial value. Bunch ... most effective form of disease management.We examined the efficacy of 21 fungicide treatment programs for control of Botrytis ... 1992). Botrytis overwinters as sclerotia in mummified berries on the ground or on canes. The disease can first appear as shoot ...
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8gs9k471
Rapid Assessment of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) Infection in Grapes Using Biosensors System | American Journal of Enology and...Rapid Assessment of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) Infection in Grapes Using Biosensors System | American Journal of Enology and...
Rapid Assessment of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) Infection in Grapes Using Biosensors System Luciano Cinquanta, Donatella ... Rapid Assessment of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) Infection in Grapes Using Biosensors System Luciano Cinquanta, Donatella ... Rapid Assessment of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) Infection in Grapes Using Biosensors System. Luciano Cinquanta, Donatella ... Rapid Assessment of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) Infection in Grapes Using Biosensors System ...
https://www.ajevonline.org/content/early/2015/08/04/ajev.2015.15029.article-info
Botrytis Crown Rot / Lettuce / Agriculture: Pest Management Guidelines / UC Statewide IPM Program (UC IPM)Botrytis Crown Rot / Lettuce / Agriculture: Pest Management Guidelines / UC Statewide IPM Program (UC IPM)
Botrytis crown rot is usually a minor disease of lettuce but can cause significant damage if field conditions are favorable for ... To prevent botrytis crown rot: * Limit damage caused by farming practices, environmental extremes, or other pathogens and pests ... The risk of Botrytis crown rot damage increases with plant injury and cool, wet conditions. ... Botrytis crown rot on young plants can therefore result in significant stand reduction. ...
https://www2.ipm.ucanr.edu/agriculture/lettuce/Botrytis-crown-rot/
Charakterisierung der genetischen Variabilität von Botrytis cinerea aufgrund von Fungizidresistenz und Enzymaktivität -...Charakterisierung der genetischen Variabilität von Botrytis cinerea aufgrund von Fungizidresistenz und Enzymaktivität -...
Charakterisierung der genetischen Variabilität von Botrytis cinerea aufgrund von Fungizidresistenz und Enzymaktivität. * ... Charakterisierung der genetischen Variabilität von Botrytis cinerea aufgrund von Fungizidresistenz und Enzymaktivität ...
https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/handle/20.500.11850/138907?show=full
Positive Tested Species Reactivity: Beetle, Botrytis-cinerea, Recommended Applications: Immunofluorescence, ImmunoprecipitationPositive Tested Species Reactivity: Beetle, Botrytis-cinerea, Recommended Applications: Immunofluorescence, Immunoprecipitation
To provide a better shopping experience, our website uses cookies. Continuing use of the site implies consent ...
https://dshb.biology.uiowa.edu/custitem34/Beetle,Botrytis-cinerea/custitem40/Immunofluorescence,Immunoprecipitation
Modelling |em|Botrytis cinerea|/em| spore exchanges and production in unheated greenhouses - INRAE - Institut national de...Modelling |em|Botrytis cinerea|/em| spore exchanges and production in unheated greenhouses - INRAE - Institut national de...
Botrytis cinerea,/em,, production of spores inside the greenhouses and exchanges with the outside need to be monitored. Such ... Modelling Botrytis cinerea spore exchanges and production in unheated greenhouses Christel Leyronas 1, * Hicham Fatnassi 2 Marc ... Modelling Botrytis cinerea spore exchanges and production in unheated greenhouses. Journal of Plant Pathology, 2011, 93 (2), pp ... Abstract : In order to devise optimal and sustainable strategies to protect greenhouse grown crops against Botrytis cinerea, ...
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02650232
Botrytis Efficacy Summary - 2019 - IR-4 ProjectBotrytis Efficacy Summary - 2019 - IR-4 Project
At the IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Workshop in 2011, Botrytis Efficacy was selected as a high priority project to ... Almost all trials were conducted on Botrytis cinerea; other species tested were B. elliptica, B. paeoniae and B. tulipae. ... numerous products representing 52 active ingredients were tested as foliar applications against several Botrytis species ... Botrytis Efficacy Summary - 2019. Posted on March 28, 2019. April 29, 2020. ...
https://www.ir4project.org/ehc/researchsummary/efficacy/botrytis-efficacy-summary-2019/
wolffer estate vineyard - Products - Descencia Botrytis Chardonnay 2019wolffer estate vineyard - Products - Descencia Botrytis Chardonnay 2019
Rich Golden in color. Beautiful aromas of ripe peaches, honey, cantaloupe and ripe papaya. There is a overall floral note and some fine hints of toasted sandalwood. The mouth-feel is rich and unctuous with an oil like structure. But there is perfect balance between the rich and ripe exuberant fruit, the elegant crisp acidity and the fine dried grape skin notes. All is wrapped and elevated by a smooth and luxurious texture. The finish is phenomenal and goes on and on with lovely sweet fruit and great playfulness between the acidity, minerality and ripe tannins ...
https://store.wolffer.com/product/Descencia-Botrytis-Chardonnay-2019?productListName=Whites&position=7
Cladosporium én Botrytis belangrijkste oorzaken bladvlekken in pioenroos<...
Vink, P & Slootweg, G 2010, Cladosporium én Botrytis belangrijkste oorzaken bladvlekken in pioenroos, BloembollenVisie, vol. ... Vink P, Slootweg G. Cladosporium én Botrytis belangrijkste oorzaken bladvlekken in pioenroos. BloembollenVisie. 2010;2010(195): ... Vink, P., & Slootweg, G. (2010). Cladosporium én Botrytis belangrijkste oorzaken bladvlekken in pioenroos. BloembollenVisie, ... Vink, P. ; Slootweg, G. / Cladosporium én Botrytis belangrijkste oorzaken bladvlekken in pioenroos. In: BloembollenVisie. 2010 ...
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/cladosporium-%C3%A9n-botrytis-belangrijkste-oorzaken-bladvlekken-in-pi
A decision support system for knowledge-based management of Botrytis leaf blight of onion - agriculture.canada.caA decision support system for knowledge-based management of Botrytis leaf blight of onion - agriculture.canada.ca
Botrytis leaf blight (BLB) of onion, caused by the fungal pathogen Botrytis squamosa Walker, is an important disease that ... An improved risk indicator for Botrytis leaf blight of onion caused by Botrytis squamosa. Plant Pathology (in press). ... Performance of weather-based risk indicators for predicting Botrytis leaf blight.. Description - Figure 10 Sporulation Index ( ... Table 1.a Levels of prediction accuracy and reliability of various Botrytis leaf blight disease risk indicators: Monitoring- ...
https://agriculture.canada.ca/en/agriculture-and-environment/agricultural-pest-management/agricultural-pest-management-resources/decision-support-system-knowledge-based-management-botrytis-leaf-blight-onion
Botrytis - Seed BarnBotrytis - Seed Barn
Decree 50 WDG FungicideDecree Fungicide is the new standard for Botrytis. 12-hour REI allows for Botrytis control in ... CAPTAN FUNGICIDE Controls Botrytis Rot (grey mold) on Strawberries Labeled for many fruits, ornamentals and lawns CONTAINS: 50 ...
https://seedbarn.com/collections/span-style-font-family-arial-condensed-important-botrytis-span-1
Botrytis update - ChaseagriBotrytis update - Chaseagri
Chase Digest--"I was just reading through the backlog of several months of accumulated "Chase Digest" and wanted to let you know that I think you do REALLY GOOD work! Its not as obvious when you read them one at a time but when reviewed all together you can clearly see that "Chase Digest" is loaded with great and useful info!. ...
http://chaseagri.com/botrytis-update-2/
CTGaragiste - Anti BotrytisCTGaragiste - Anti Botrytis
Your home for smaller-scale Garagiste wine making & cider making ...
https://ctgaragiste.com/product-tag/anti-botrytis/
Vicia faba - WikipediaVicia faba - Wikipedia
If transplanted instead of direct seeded there is a lower risk of some diseases including Botrytis fabae (see §Botrytis fabae). ... Botrytis fabae is one of the worst diseases in V. faba. Foliar damage, reduced photosynthesis, reduced bean productivity. B. ... Botrytis fabae[edit]. Beans are attacked by chocolate spot fungus, which can have a severe impact on yield. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicia_faba
Botrytis Affected Dessert WinesBotrytis Affected Dessert Wines
Deen Vat 5 Botrytis Semillon 375ml 2011, Heggies Botrytis Riesling, Hollick Nectar Botrytis Riesling 375ml, Inniskillin ... De Bortoli Noble One Botrytis Semillon 375ml, De Bortoli Noble One Botrytis Semillon 750ml, ... Castelli Frankland Botrytis Riesling 375ml 2010, Chateau Des Tours 2005, Chateau Des Tours 375ml 2005, Crawford River Nektar ... The proprietors at Le Tertre are so fond of the travails and rewards of Botrytis wine, that they have turned... [ More info ] ...
https://winelistaustralia.com/wines.php?style=Botrytis
Botrytis spp. (UK) | Syngenta NederlandBotrytis spp. (UK) | Syngenta Nederland
Botrytis spp.. Botrytis is a genus of anamorphic fungi belonging to the Sclerotiniaceae family. Botrytis (also known as grey ... Botrytis aclada Primary Botrytis aclada infection of onions can occur via infected seed.... ...
https://www.syngenta.nl/en/farmore/vegetables/diseases/botrytis
Evaluation of geranium cultivars and biorational products to control botrytis blight in the greenhouse
Botrytis blight caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea is an important disease of geranium, affecting leaves, stems, and flowers ... Evaluation of Geranium Cultivars and Biorational Products to Control Botrytis Blight in the Greenhouse, Sunil Shrestha and Mary ... Evaluation of geranium cultivars and biorational products to control botrytis blight in the greenhouse. ... A sustainable management approach could combine one of the least Botrytis-susceptible geranium cultivars identified with ...
https://www.floraldaily.com/article/9377390/evaluation-of-geranium-cultivars-and-biorational-products-to-control-botrytis-blight-in-the-greenhouse/
Cosmarium botrytis - Digital Image Collection of Desmids
All photos copyright: © 2009-2022 Alfred van Geest - Send comments to [email protected] ...
http://digicodes.info/Cosmarium_botrytis.html
Botrytis cinerea - Simone Madden-Grey : Happy Wine WomanBotrytis cinerea - Simone Madden-Grey : Happy Wine Woman
Posts about Botrytis cinerea written by Happy Wine Woman ... Tags:Alpha Domus, botrytis, Botrytis cinerea, dessert wine, ... Tag Archives: Botrytis cinerea. Dessert Wine: A stack of "stickies" from New Zealand. "Stickies" is a term commonly used in ...
https://happywinewoman.com/tag/botrytis-cinerea/
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis - Uncle Johns Home & GardenBrassica oleracea var. botrytis - Uncle John's Home & Garden
botrytis. Brassica oleracea var. botrytis. No products were found matching your selection. ...
https://unclejohnsplants.com/latin-name/brassica-oleracea-var-botrytis/
Tempus Two Pewter Botrytis Semillon - The Meat ExpertsTempus Two Pewter Botrytis Semillon - The Meat Experts
Tempus Two Pewter Botrytis Semillon. RM 131.00 RM 0.00 .sf_promo-promo-label, #sf_promo-view-more-tag, .sf_promo-label- ...
https://www.tmegrocery.com/products/tempus-two-pewter-botrytis-semillon-250ml
Caused by Botrytis cinereaBlightFungicideGray MoldFungus Botrytis cinereaOverwinters as sclerotiaPowderyCropsSemillonPathogenBunch rotCinerea fungusSporesDiseasesRieslingSpeciesPersPenicilliumSclerotiaInfectionGrapesGreenhouseSquamosaDiseaseGrapeGenusFusariumConidiaPaeoniaeOrnamental plantsSymptomsHumidControlPlantPlantsFruitSpotsConditionsContent
Caused by Botrytis cinerea1
  • Bunch rot of grapes is caused by Botrytis cinerea, a fast-growing pathogen infecting numerous crops of commercial value. (escholarship.org)
Blight26
  • Fungal rose browning/rot is caused by Botrytis Blight ( Botrytis cinerea ). (blackgold.bz)
  • Here are three easy, all-natural steps to managing botrytis blight in roses. (blackgold.bz)
  • During this time period, numerous products representing 52 active ingredients were tested as foliar applications against several Botrytis species causing blight and gray mold on ornamentals. (ir4project.org)
  • Botrytis leaf blight (BLB) of onion, caused by the fungal pathogen Botrytis squamosa Walker, is an important disease that threatens onion production in Canada and other onion production areas of the world. (canada.ca)
  • Botrytis leaf blight of onion develops in two phases. (canada.ca)
  • Botrytis blight caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea is an important disease of geranium, affecting leaves, stems, and flowers, and decreasing the crop's marketability. (floraldaily.com)
  • The objectives of this study were to evaluate (i) susceptibility of geranium cultivars to B. cinerea and (ii) efficacy of biorational products for control of Botrytis blight on geranium. (floraldaily.com)
  • A sustainable management approach could combine one of the least Botrytis-susceptible geranium cultivars identified with biorational controls for effective Botrytis blight control. (floraldaily.com)
  • Botrytis Blight (also known as Botrytis cinerea , bud rot , or gray mold) is a fungal disease that affects flowers, foliage, bulbs, and buds of a variety of different plants. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Many plant species are affected by Botrytis Blight. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • What does Botrytis Blight look like? (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Once you spot gray mold, it's likely that Botrytis Blight already has penetrated your garden. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Botrytis blight usually only becomes visible after two or three weeks. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • What causes Botrytis Blight? (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Botrytis Blight is caused by a fungus called Botrytis cinerea that lives on dead plant debris. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Plant diseases can make your garden far more susceptible to Botrytis Blight, so it's very important that disease control is high on your agenda. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Botrytis Blight loves high humidity and damp conditions, especially coupled with cooler weather, so keep an eye on the conditions in your garden or growing space for symptoms of the disease, such as spots on your plants' leaves. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • A good hydroponics system can help to keep buds and flowers dry, which reduces the conditions that the Botrytis Blight fungus loves. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • it's always better to try to stop Botrytis Blight or gray mold from setting in in the first place. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Ventilation is essential to prevent Botrytis Blight from destroying your plants. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • How do you get rid of Botrytis Blight? (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Once you see symptoms of Botrytis Blight, it's important to mitigate the conditions it loves. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Contact IGT if you have any questions about managing Botrytis Blight (also called bud rot or gray mold), if you need help identifying the spots you're seeing on your cannabis leaves or foliage, or if you want recommendations for the best fungicide brands to manage the species of fungus affecting your indoor garden. (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Botrytis leaf blight (BLB) is a fungal disease that occurs in many of the onion growing areas of the world. (cornell.edu)
  • If your creeping jenny plant is looking sad and brown, you may have a fungal disease called Botrytis Blight. (flowerthere.com)
  • Botrytis Blight isn't usually fatal, but it can cause serious damage. (flowerthere.com)
Fungicide4
  • We examined the efficacy of 21 fungicide treatment programs for control of Botrytis bunch rot in Clone 4 Chardonnay grapes in Carneros, Napa County, California in 2010. (escholarship.org)
  • Decree 50 WDG FungicideDecree Fungicide is the new standard for Botrytis. (seedbarn.com)
  • CAPTAN FUNGICIDE Controls Botrytis Rot (grey mold) on Strawberries Labeled for many fruits, ornamentals and lawns CONTAINS: 50% Wettable Powder Cap. (seedbarn.com)
  • Biofungicides as alternative to synthetic fungicide control of grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) - prospects and challenges. (ucanr.edu)
Gray Mold2
  • Botrytis cinerea, or noble rot, is a gray mold that infects a variety of plants, including wine grapes here in Switzerland. (fineswisswine.ch)
  • ObjectivesThe gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) infects a wide range of crops before and after harvest, causing huge losses worldwide. (deepdyve.com)
Fungus Botrytis cinerea1
  • Grey mould, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea , is a very common disease, causing a soft decay of plant tissues accompanied by a growth of fuzzy grey-brown mould. (neuropsychologycentral.com)
Overwinters as sclerotia2
  • 1992). Botrytis overwinters as sclerotia in mummified berries on the ground or on canes. (escholarship.org)
  • Botrytis squamosa overwinters as sclerotia (compact mass of fungal mycelium) formed on infected onion leaves and necks of onion bulbs that remain in the soil after harvest or on crop debris in cull piles. (canada.ca)
Powdery4
  • Throughout North America, higher spring precipitation has led to increased vigor and canopy densities, lending to amplified incidence and conditions for powdery mildew ( Erysiphe necator, Uncinula necator ) and Botrytis bunch rot ( Botrytis cinerea ). (enartis.com)
  • In this webinar JT Jaeger, Enartis Viticulture Specialist, will be giving an overview of powdery mildew and Botrytis bunch rot current pressures and potential trends for the 2019 vintage. (enartis.com)
  • We will be reviewing the detrimental physical and chemical alterations these fungi inflect on grapes and techniques for mitigating wine matrix alterations from fruit compromised by powdery mildew and Botrytis bunch rot. (enartis.com)
  • Spanish company Seipasa has launched Fungisei in Spain for the control of diseases Botrytis, downy mildew and powdery mildew or. (2bmonthly.com)
Crops1
  • In order to devise optimal and sustainable strategies to protect greenhouse grown crops against Botrytis cinerea , production of spores inside the greenhouses and exchanges with the outside need to be monitored. (inrae.fr)
Semillon1
  • Botrytis affected Semillon makes much of the world's great and most flavourful wines. (winelistaustralia.com)
Pathogen4
  • Botrytis crown rot is usually a minor disease of lettuce but can cause significant damage if field conditions are favorable for the pathogen. (ucanr.edu)
  • A species of the plant pathogen Botryotinia fuckeliana, the spore-producing Botrytis cinerea thrives in cool moist conditions and the "noble" effect occurs when drier conditions follow the wet. (fineswisswine.ch)
  • Here, we report the first proteomic survey of this modification in Botrytis cinerea, a destructive necrotrophic fungal pathogen distributed worldwide. (figshare.com)
  • Air samples indicated that Botrytis cinerea, a plant pathogen, was the main fungal species, while actinobacteria, common soil bacteria, was the most frequently identified bacterial phyla. (cdc.gov)
Bunch rot1
Cinerea fungus3
  • Botrytis is the commonly-used name for the Botrytis cinerea fungus, also known as grey mould. (thompson-morgan.com)
  • In short, the Botrytis cinerea fungus pierces grape skins causing dehydration, which concentrates the sugar in the remaining juice. (fineswisswine.ch)
  • It's produced by the Botrytis cinerea fungus that grows mainly in humid conditions. (botanical-online.com)
Spores1
Diseases1
  • At the IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Workshop in 2011, Botrytis Efficacy was selected as a high priority project to expand the knowledge and list of fungicides available to growers for these diseases. (ir4project.org)
Riesling1
  • Recent vintages are mostly sourced from McLaren Vale and are a blend of Botrytis affected grape varieties (Chenin Blanc, Riesling & White Frontignac) which combine to give a luscious complex dessert wine. (australiashopping.de)
Species7
  • Botrytis species are generally considered to be aggressive, necrotrophic plant pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • By contrast to this general perception, however, Botrytis species could frequently be isolated from the interior of multiple tissues in apparently healthy hosts of many species. (frontiersin.org)
  • Botrytis cinerea and Botrytis pseudocinerea are the species that most commonly occur as cryptic infections, but phylogenetically distant isolates of Botrytis were also detected, one of which does not correspond to previously described species. (frontiersin.org)
  • These data collectively suggest that several Botrytis species, including the most notorious pathogenic species, exist frequently in cryptic form to an extent that has thus far largely been neglected, and do not need to cause disease on healthy hosts in order to complete their life-cycles. (frontiersin.org)
  • An exception to the rule of narrow host range is the clade including the species Botrytis cinerea sensu lato . (frontiersin.org)
  • Botrytis (also known as grey mould) belongs to the Hyphomycetes class of fungi and includes around 30 different species. (syngenta.nl)
  • The fungal species produces firm, dark, branching conidiophors with clusters of lighter conidia (grey en masse). (syngenta.nl)
Pers5
  • Effect of plant essential oils on the growth of Botrytis cinerea Pers. (plantprotection.pl)
  • The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of eight Palestinian indigenous plant essential oils (EOs) under in vitro and in vivo conditions against Botrytis cinerea Pers. (plantprotection.pl)
  • Utilisation de Botrytis cinerea Pers. (oeno-one.eu)
  • Botrytis cinerea Pers. (oeno-one.eu)
  • This study aimed to evaluate how to apply fungicides more precisely by using grey mould ( Botrytis cinerea Pers. (zemdirbyste-agriculture.lt)
Penicillium1
  • We have previously reported that harmol (1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol) is active against the causal agents of green and gray molds Penicillium digitatum and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. (conicet.gov.ar)
Sclerotia1
  • Through the winter, botrytis survives in a dormant state, called sclerotia, on plant debris. (thompson-morgan.com)
Infection4
  • Some have an extended quiescent phase following infection ( Botrytis allii ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Primary Botrytis aclada infection of onions can occur via infected seed. (syngenta.nl)
  • Les enzymes n'ont pas d'effet préjudiciable sur le moût et leur addition n'ajoute aucun produit exogène puisqu'ils peuvent être présents dans certains raisins à cause de leur infection naturelle par Botrytis . (oeno-one.eu)
  • qRT- PCR analysis revealed that expression of Sl- MMP genes was induced with distinct patterns by infection of Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. (bvsalud.org)
Grapes6
  • It is said that the gloriously sweet, concentrated wines which result from grapes infected by Noble Rot Botrytis Cinerea are. (winelistaustralia.com)
  • Further, because grapes need to be picked in the late stage of Botrytis cinerea development (early stages actually consume sugar without concentrating juice), experienced pickers are needed. (fineswisswine.ch)
  • Second, only the Botrytis cinerea affected grapes are picked, and the rest are left on the vine. (fineswisswine.ch)
  • The 2001 1510 Botrytis is a sweet wine that celebrates the origins of this family winery, produced with botrytized Macabeo grapes from a vineyard planted in 1968, which aged in French oak barrels for six months. (spanienweinonline.ch)
  • The heavily raisened 1999 Botrytis affected fruit made a heavy, intense wine which was freshened by the more lively citrus flavours of the 1999 grapes. (australiashopping.de)
  • This year's blend is 80% Sémillon and 20% Sauvignon Blanc, and the grapes were infected with the botrytis, resulting in the fantastic sweetness. (bourbonliquorstore.com)
Greenhouse1
  • Avoid moisture/humidity condensation in the greenhouse, as this can cause Botrytis. (pwpvg.com)
Squamosa6
  • Discrete spot lesion caused by Botrytis squamosa on an onion leaf. (canada.ca)
  • Upper leaf blighting symptom caused by Botrytis squamosa . (canada.ca)
  • Onion crop severely infected by Botrytis squamosa . (canada.ca)
  • Apothecia arising from a Botrytis squamosa sclerotium. (canada.ca)
  • Conidia produced on a Botrytis squamosa sclerotium. (canada.ca)
  • The causal organism , Botrytis squamosa, causes leaf spots (lesions) and maceration of leaf tissue resulting in leaf dieback and blighting. (cornell.edu)
Disease1
  • Tomato Sl3-MMP, a member of the Matrix metalloproteinase family, is required for disease resistance against Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. (bvsalud.org)
Grape2
  • Botrytis is a "noble rot" that penetrates the grape skin and thus concentrates the juice for a higher natural sweetness. (greatestatesniagara.com)
  • The name "Mézes Fehér" translates to "Honey White," and this grape is known for contracting tons of botrytis yet still retaining acidity. (domestiquewine.com)
Genus2
  • Botrytis is an ascomycete fungal genus of plant pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Botrytis is a genus of anamorphic fungi belonging to the Sclerotiniaceae family. (syngenta.nl)
Fusarium1
  • Fungal genera have caused lesions on stem and petioles in green house with diameters sizes 46, 71 and 72 mm respectively for genera Botrytis sp, Fusarium sp and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. (who.int)
Conidia1
Paeoniae1
  • De schimmels Cladosporium paeoniae en Botrytis spp. (wur.nl)
Ornamental plants1
  • Botrytis is a common fungus that can infect and destroy ornamental plants, as well as a wide range of fruits and vegetables. (thompson-morgan.com)
Symptoms1
  • Airborne exposure to actinobacteria and fungus like Botrytis cinerea can increase the risk of allergic and respiratory symptoms. (cdc.gov)
Humid1
  • When conditions are humid, the botrytis may envelop whole parts of the plant, from flowers and fruits right through to its leaves and stems. (thompson-morgan.com)
Control1
  • 12-hour REI allows for Botrytis control in propagation and at retail, whi. (seedbarn.com)
Plant1
  • The risk of Botrytis crown rot damage increases with plant injury and cool, wet conditions. (ucanr.edu)
Plants4
  • If plants in your garden become infected with botrytis, the first step is to safely dispose of the infected plants. (thompson-morgan.com)
  • Botrytis crown rot on young plants can therefore result in significant stand reduction. (ucanr.edu)
  • Which plants are affected by Botrytis cinerea ? (indoorgrowtech.com)
  • Encourage healthy plants by avoiding overcrowding and ensuring that plants have good air circulation, Botrytis can be kept at bay. (indoorgrowtech.com)
Fruit3
  • It takes as much fruit to make a half bot of botrytis wine as it does a full bot of anything else, such is its concentration! (tysonstelzer.com)
  • This fruit comes from one hectare of 50-year old vines and the fruit is harvested at a whopping 50% botrytis. (hartandcru.com)
  • Constantin's selection was quite strict for the little bit of Juffer Sonnenuhr that did become Spätlese, although he says it is more Goldkapsule in nature than a traditional Spät, from botrytis free fruit. (downtoearthwines.net)
Spots1
  • In rare occasions, tiny brown spots (botrytis) may be present on exterior petals. (rosaholics.com)
Conditions1
  • From time to time at Crawford River, when vintage conditions are just so, the capricious botrytis cinerea blights a parcel. (winelistaustralia.com)
Content1
  • Then there can be problems with starting fermentation: high sugar content can slow down the action of the yeasts, and high concentrations of Botrytis cinerea can hamper fermentation because it produces botryticine, which is an antimicrobial. (fineswisswine.ch)
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