Borrelia. Medical search

A specific species of bacteria, part of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP, whose common name is Lyme disease spirochete.

Infections with bacteria of the genus BORRELIA.

An acute infection characterized by recurrent episodes of PYREXIA alternating with asymptomatic intervals of apparent recovery. This condition is caused by SPIROCHETES of the genus BORRELIA. It is transmitted by the BITES of either the body louse (PEDICULUS humanus corporis), for which humans are the reservoir, or by soft ticks of the genus ORNITHODOROS, for which rodents and other animals are the principal reservoirs.

The largest genus of TICKS in the family IXODIDAE, containing over 200 species. Many infest humans and other mammals and several are vectors of diseases such as LYME DISEASE, tick-borne encephalitis (ENCEPHALITIS, TICK-BORNE), and KYASANUR FOREST DISEASE.

Blood-sucking acarid parasites of the order Ixodida comprising two families: the softbacked ticks (ARGASIDAE) and hardbacked ticks (IXODIDAE). Ticks are larger than their relatives, the MITES. They penetrate the skin of their host by means of highly specialized, hooked mouth parts and feed on its blood. Ticks attack all groups of terrestrial vertebrates. In humans they are responsible for many TICK-BORNE DISEASES, including the transmission of ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TULAREMIA; BABESIOSIS; AFRICAN SWINE FEVER; and RELAPSING FEVER. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp543-44)

Members of the class Arachnida, especially SPIDERS; SCORPIONS; MITES; and TICKS; which transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.

Proteins isolated from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.

Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-bodied (Ixodidae) ticks.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed bacteria administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious bacterial disease.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent LYME DISEASE.

Lipid-protein complexes involved in the transportation and metabolism of lipids in the body. They are spherical particles consisting of a hydrophobic core of TRIGLYCERIDES and CHOLESTEROL ESTERS surrounded by a layer of hydrophilic free CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and APOLIPOPROTEINS. Lipoproteins are classified by their varying buoyant density and sizes.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE. The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.

A genus of the subfamily SIGMODONTINAE consisting of 49 species. Two of these are widely used in medical research. They are P. leucopus, or the white-footed mouse, and P. maniculatus, or the deer mouse.

Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The disease may affect elements of the central or peripheral nervous system in isolation or in combination. Common clinical manifestations include a lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (most often a facial neuropathy), POLYRADICULOPATHY, and a mild loss of memory and other cognitive functions. Less often more extensive inflammation involving the central nervous system (encephalomyelitis) may occur. In the peripheral nervous system, B. burgdorferi infection is associated with mononeuritis multiplex and polyradiculoneuritis. (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan 8;153(2):182-91)

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

A protein with a molecular weight of 40,000 isolated from bacterial flagella. At appropriate pH and salt concentration, three flagellin monomers can spontaneously reaggregate to form structures which appear identical to intact flagella.

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

An order of slender, flexuous, helically coiled bacteria, with one or more complete turns in the helix.

A genus of softbacked TICKS, in the family ARGASIDAE, serving as the vector of BORRELIA, causing RELAPSING FEVER, and of the AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS.

Animate or inanimate sources which normally harbor disease-causing organisms and thus serve as potential sources of disease outbreaks. Reservoirs are distinguished from vectors (DISEASE VECTORS) and carriers, which are agents of disease transmission rather than continuing sources of potential disease outbreaks.

Bacterial, viral, or parasitic diseases transmitted to humans and animals by the bite of infected ticks. The families Ixodidae and Argasidae contain many bloodsucking species that are important pests of man and domestic birds and mammals and probably exceed all other arthropods in the number and variety of disease agents they transmit. Many of the tick-borne diseases are zoonotic.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Arthritis caused by BACTERIA; RICKETTSIA; MYCOPLASMA; VIRUSES; FUNGI; or PARASITES.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus ANAPLASMA, family ANAPLASMATACEAE, formerly called Ehrlichia phagocytophila or Ehrlichia equi. This organism is tick-borne (IXODES) and causes disease in horses and sheep. In humans, it causes human granulocytic EHRLICHIOSIS.

An idiopathic disorder characterized by the loss of filiform papillae leaving reddened areas of circinate macules bound by a white band. The lesions heal, then others erupt.

A mammalian order which consists of 29 families and many genera.

The intergenic DNA segments that are between the ribosomal RNA genes (internal transcribed spacers) and between the tandemly repeated units of rDNA (external transcribed spacers and nontranscribed spacers).

Arthropods, other than insects and arachnids, which transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.

A family of hardbacked TICKS, in the subclass ACARI. Genera include DERMACENTOR and IXODES among others.

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

Variation occurring within a species in the presence or length of DNA fragment generated by a specific endonuclease at a specific site in the genome. Such variations are generated by mutations that create or abolish recognition sites for these enzymes or change the length of the fragment.

A tick-borne disease characterized by FEVER; HEADACHE; myalgias; ANOREXIA; and occasionally RASH. It is caused by several bacterial species and can produce disease in DOGS; CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; HORSES; and humans. The primary species causing human disease are EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; and Ehrlichia ewingii.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).

A family of the order Rodentia containing 250 genera including the two genera Mus (MICE) and Rattus (RATS), from which the laboratory inbred strains are developed. The fifteen subfamilies are SIGMODONTINAE (New World mice and rats), CRICETINAE, Spalacinae, Myospalacinae, Lophiomyinae, ARVICOLINAE, Platacanthomyinae, Nesomyinae, Otomyinae, Rhizomyinae, GERBILLINAE, Dendromurinae, Cricetomyinae, MURINAE (Old World mice and rats), and Hydromyinae.

Small, often pleomorphic, coccoid to ellipsoidal organisms occurring intracytoplasmically in circulating LYMPHOCYTES. They are the etiologic agents of tick-borne diseases of humans; DOGS; CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; and HORSES.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

Diagnostic procedures involving immunoglobulin reactions.

A genus of tick-borne protozoan parasites that infests the red blood cells of mammals, including humans. There are many recognized species, and the distribution is world-wide.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

The articulations between the various TARSAL BONES. This does not include the ANKLE JOINT which consists of the articulations between the TIBIA; FIBULA; and TALUS.

A species of protozoa infecting humans via the intermediate tick vector IXODES scapularis. The other hosts are the mouse PEROMYSCUS leucopus and meadow vole MICROTUS pennsylvanicus, which are fed on by the tick. Other primates can be experimentally infected with Babesia microti.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Invertebrates or non-human vertebrates which transmit infective organisms from one host to another.

An important soluble regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation (COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION PATHWAY, ALTERNATIVE). It is a 139-kDa glycoprotein expressed by the liver and secreted into the blood. It binds to COMPLEMENT C3B and makes iC3b (inactivated complement 3b) susceptible to cleavage by COMPLEMENT FACTOR I. Complement factor H also inhibits the association of C3b with COMPLEMENT FACTOR B to form the C3bB proenzyme, and promotes the dissociation of Bb from the C3bBb complex (COMPLEMENT C3 CONVERTASE, ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY).

Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

A widely distributed genus of TICKS, in the family IXODIDAE, including a number that infest humans and other mammals. Several are vectors of diseases such as TULAREMIA; ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; COLORADO TICK FEVER; and ANAPLASMOSIS.

Endogenous proteins that inhibit or inactivate COMPLEMENT C3B. They include COMPLEMENT FACTOR H and COMPLEMENT FACTOR I (C3b/C4b inactivator). They cleave or promote the cleavage of C3b into inactive fragments, and thus are important in the down-regulation of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION and its cytolytic sequence.

Constituent of 50S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes containing about 3200 nucleotides. 23S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

Inflammation involving the skin of the extremities, especially the hands and feet. Several forms are known, some idiopathic and some hereditary. The infantile form is called Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.

A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by protozoa of the genus BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.

Created 1 January 1993 as a result of the division of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.

Created 1 January 1993 as a result of the division of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

An order of small, wingless parasitic insects, commonly known as lice. The suborders include ANOPLURA (sucking lice); AMBLYCERA; ISCHNOCERA; and Rhynchophthirina (elephant and warthog lice).

Constituent of the 50S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes containing about 120 nucleotides and 34 proteins. It is also a constituent of the 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 5S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

A method that is used to detect DNA-protein interactions. Proteins are separated by electrophoresis and blotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane similar to Western blotting (BLOTTING, WESTERN) but the proteins are identified when they bind labeled DNA PROBES (as with Southern blotting (BLOTTING, SOUTHERN)) instead of antibodies.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

A subfamily of the family MURIDAE comprised of 69 genera. New World mice and rats are included in this subfamily.

Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

Also known as articulations, these are points of connection between the ends of certain separate bones, or where the borders of other bones are juxtaposed.

The family Cervidae of 17 genera and 45 species occurring nearly throughout North America, South America, and Eurasia, on most associated continental islands, and in northern Africa. Wild populations of deer have been established through introduction by people in Cuba, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and other places where the family does not naturally occur. They are slim, long-legged and best characterized by the presence of antlers. Their habitat is forests, swamps, brush country, deserts, and arctic tundra. They are usually good swimmers; some migrate seasonally. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1362)

Created 7 April 1992 as a result of the division of Yugoslavia.

COUMARINS with an amino group, exemplified by NOVOBIOCIN.

DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

A synthetic tetracycline derivative with similar antimicrobial activity.

EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES based on the detection through serological testing of characteristic change in the serum level of specific ANTIBODIES. Latent subclinical infections and carrier states can thus be detected in addition to clinically overt cases.

Change in the surface ANTIGEN of a microorganism. There are two different types. One is a phenomenon, especially associated with INFLUENZA VIRUSES, where they undergo spontaneous variation both as slow antigenic drift and sudden emergence of new strains (antigenic shift). The second type is when certain PARASITES, especially trypanosomes, PLASMODIUM, and BORRELIA, survive the immune response of the host by changing the surface coat (antigen switching). (From Herbert et al., The Dictionary of Immunology, 4th ed)

A name applied to several itchy skin eruptions of unknown cause. The characteristic course is the formation of a dome-shaped papule with a small transient vesicle on top, followed by crusting over or lichenification. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

The species Canis latrans in the family CANIDAE, a smaller relative of WOLVES. It is found in the Western hemisphere from Costa Rica to Alaska.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

A subfamily of MURIDAE found nearly world-wide and consisting of about 20 genera. Voles, lemmings, and muskrats are members.

The science of developing, caring for, or cultivating forests.

Cell-surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate adhesion (BACTERIAL ADHESION) to other cells or to inanimate surfaces. Most fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) of gram-negative bacteria function as adhesins, but in many cases it is a minor subunit protein at the tip of the fimbriae that is the actual adhesin. In gram-positive bacteria, a protein or polysaccharide surface layer serves as the specific adhesin. What is sometimes called polymeric adhesin (BIOFILMS) is distinct from protein adhesin.

The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.

Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.

A whiplike motility appendage present on the surface cells. Prokaryote flagella are composed of a protein called FLAGELLIN. Bacteria can have a single flagellum, a tuft at one pole, or multiple flagella covering the entire surface. In eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmic extensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella have the same basic structure as CILIA but are longer in proportion to the cell bearing them and present in much smaller numbers. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The natural bactericidal property of BLOOD due to normally occurring antibacterial substances such as beta lysin, leukin, etc. This activity needs to be distinguished from the bactericidal activity contained in a patient's serum as a result of antimicrobial therapy, which is measured by a SERUM BACTERICIDAL TEST.

A genus of microorganisms of the order SPIROCHAETALES, many of which are pathogenic and parasitic for man and animals.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

Diseases of birds not considered poultry, therefore usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. The concept is differentiated from POULTRY DISEASES which is for birds raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption, and usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc.

The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. It contains mucin, albumin, fat, and mineral salts and serves to lubricate joints.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

A method for diagnosing a disease in one organism by inoculating the putative causative organism in a second animal of a different species. It has been used for the detection of parasites (Trypanosoma cruzi and Trichinella spiralis) when peripheral blood smears are negative. (Segen, Current Med Talk, 1995)

Warm-blooded VERTEBRATES possessing FEATHERS and belonging to the class Aves.

A family of the order Rodentia which contains 49 genera. Some of the more common genera are MARMOTA, which includes the marmot and woodchuck; Sciurus, the gray squirrel, S. carolinensis, and the fox squirrel, S. niger; Tamias, the eastern and western chipmunk; and Tamiasciurus, the red squirrel. The flying squirrels, except the scaly-tailed Anomaluridae, also belong to this family.

Porins are protein molecules that were originally found in the outer membrane of GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA and that form multi-meric channels for the passive DIFFUSION of WATER; IONS; or other small molecules. Porins are present in bacterial CELL WALLS, as well as in plant, fungal, mammalian and other vertebrate CELL MEMBRANES and MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANES.

Transfer of immunity from immunized to non-immune host by administration of serum antibodies, or transplantation of lymphocytes (ADOPTIVE TRANSFER).

Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

A plant genus of the family NYMPHAEACEAE. The common name of lotus is also used for LOTUS and NELUMBO.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

A genus of aerobic, helical spirochetes, some species of which are pathogenic, others free-living or saprophytic.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

Organs and other anatomical structures of non-human vertebrate and invertebrate animals.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Animals considered to be wild or feral or not adapted for domestic use. It does not include wild animals in zoos for which ANIMALS, ZOO is available.

A DNA-directed RNA polymerase found in BACTERIA. It is a holoenzyme that consists of multiple subunits including sigma factor 54.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A family of bacteria which inhabit RED BLOOD CELLS and cause several animal diseases.

A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

A widely distributed order of perching BIRDS, including more than half of all bird species.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

A small leucine-rich proteoglycan that interacts with FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and modifies the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX structure of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. Decorin has also been shown to play additional roles in the regulation of cellular responses to GROWTH FACTORS. The protein contains a single glycosaminoglycan chain and is similar in structure to BIGLYCAN.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA.

A method (first developed by E.M. Southern) for detection of DNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

A family of spiral bacteria of the order SPIROCHAETALES.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria often surrounded by a protein microcapsular layer and slime layer. The natural cycle of its organisms generally involves a vertebrate and an invertebrate host. Species of the genus are the etiological agents of human diseases, such as typhus.

A pattern recognition receptor that forms heterodimers with other TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS. It interacts with multiple ligands including PEPTIDOGLYCAN, bacterial LIPOPROTEINS, lipoarabinomannan, and a variety of PORINS.

The causative agent of venereal and non-venereal syphilis as well as yaws.

Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.

Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)

Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.

A genus of flexible, spiral rods found in hydrogen sulfide-containing mud, sewage, and polluted water. None of the species properly referred to in this genus are pathogenic.

A genus of gram-negative bacteria whose organisms are obligate parasites of vertebrates. Species are transmitted by arthropod vectors with the host range limited to ruminants. Anaplasma marginale is the most pathogenic species and is the causative agent of severe bovine anaplasmosis.

Precursor of plasmin (FIBRINOLYSIN). It is a single-chain beta-globulin of molecular weight 80-90,000 found mostly in association with fibrinogen in plasma; plasminogen activators change it to fibrinolysin. It is used in wound debriding and has been investigated as a thrombolytic agent.

The geographic area of New England in general and when the specific state or states are not indicated. States usually included in this region are Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.

Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals.

Techniques used in studying bacteria.

Any of the DNA in between gene-coding DNA, including untranslated regions, 5' and 3' flanking regions, INTRONS, non-functional pseudogenes, and non-functional repetitive sequences. This DNA may or may not encode regulatory functions.

Genes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which are transcribed to produce the RNA which is incorporated into RIBOSOMES. Prokaryotic rRNA genes are usually found in OPERONS dispersed throughout the GENOME, whereas eukaryotic rRNA genes are clustered, multicistronic transcriptional units.

Species of gram-negative bacteria in the family ANAPLASMATACEAE, causing EHRLICHIOSIS in DOGS. The most common vector is the brown dog tick. It can also cause disease in humans.

Isolation of Lyme disease Borrelia from puffins (Fratercula arctica) and seabird ticks (Ixodes uriae) on the Faeroe Islands. (1/450)

This is the first report on the isolation of Lyme disease Borrelia from seabirds on the Faeroe Islands and the characteristics of its enzootic cycle. The major components of the Borrelia cycle include the puffin (Fratercula arctica) as the reservoir and Ixodes uriae as the vector. The importance of this cycle and its impact on the spread of human Lyme borreliosis have not yet been established. Borrelia spirochetes isolated from 2 of 102 sampled puffins were compared to the borreliae previously obtained from seabird ticks, I. uriae. The rrf-rrl intergenic spacer and the rrs and the ospC genes were sequenced and a series of phylogenetic trees were constructed. Sequence data and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis grouped the strains together with Borrelia garinii. In a seroepidemiological survey performed with residents involved in puffin hunting on the Faeroe Islands, 3 of 81 serum samples were found to be positive by two commonly used clinical tests: a flagellin-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. These three positive serum samples also had high optical density values in a whole-cell ELISA. The finding of seropositive Faeroe Islanders who are regularly exposed to I. uriae indicate that there may be a transfer of B. garinii by this tick species to humans. (+info)

Specific antibodies reactive with the 22-kilodalton major outer surface protein of Borrelia anserina Ni-NL protect chicks from infection. (2/450)

An outer surface lipoprotein of 22 kDa was identified in the avian pathogen Borrelia anserina Ni-NL by using antibody preparations reactive with bacterial surface-exposed proteins. Amino acid sequence analysis of the 22-kDa protein demonstrated 90% identity with VmpA of B. turicatae, suggesting that the protein belongs to the family of 20-kDa outer surface proteins of the genus Borrelia. All of the 60 chicks intramuscularly treated with antibodies specifically reacting with the 22-kDa protein and infected with strain Ni-NL were completely protected from infection, since no spirochetemia was detected, and from death. Control chicks were treated with immune sera raised against apathogenic strain B. anserina Es, which expresses a prominent 20-kDa polypeptide that is also a member of the Vmp family but does not cross-react immunologically with the 22-kDa protein of the Ni-NL strain. These animals, infected with B. anserina Ni-NL, showed a high degree of spirochetemia 10 days after infection, and all died between 14 and 21 days after infection. The results showed that the 22-kDa surface protein of B. anserina Ni-NL is a determinant of the pathogenic potential of the strain and also confirmed that only strain-specific antibodies are protective against B. anserina infection. (+info)

Tick-borne relapsing fever imported from West Africa: diagnosis by quantitative buffy coat analysis and in vitro culture of Borrelia crocidurae. (3/450)

West African tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is difficult to diagnose due to the low number of spirochetes in the bloodstream of patients. Previously, the causative microorganism, Borrelia crocidurae, had never been cultured in vitro. TBRF was rapidly diagnosed for two patients returning from western Africa with fever of unknown origin by quantitative buffy coat (QBC) analysis. Diagnosis was confirmed by intraperitoneal inoculation of blood specimens from patients into laboratory mice. In vitro experiments showed that QBC analysis may be as much as 100-fold more sensitive than thick smear. Spirochetes were also cultured from blood samples from both patients in modified Kelly's medium and were identified as B. crocidurae by partial sequencing of the PCR-amplified rrs gene. (+info)

Short report: Diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever by the quantitative buffy coat fluorescence method. (4/450)

The quantitative buffy coat (QBC) parasite detection method is a sensitive and specific tool for the diagnosis of malaria parasites. It is also useful for the diagnoses of other hemoparasites, including Trypanosoma, Babesia, and Leptospira. We report a case of relapsing fever diagnosed by this technique in a short-term traveler from Senegal. The diagnosis was confirmed by the standard Giemsa hemoscopy and by the identification of significant titers of antibodies to Borrelia spp. of tick-borne relapsing fevers by specific immunofluorescence and Western blot tests. The QBC technique seems to be useful in the diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever in blood samples and should be included in the management of fever in the traveler returning from tropical regions. (+info)

Comparative analysis and immunological characterization of the Borrelia Bdr protein family. (5/450)

Multiple circular and linear plasmids of Lyme disease and relapsing fever Borrelia spirochetes carry genes for members of the Bdr (Borrelia direct repeat) protein family. To define their common and divergent attributes, we first comprehensively compared the known homologs. Bdr proteins with predicted sizes ranging from 10.7 to 30. 6 kDa formed five homology groups, based on variable numbers of short direct repeats in a central domain and diverse N- and C-terminal domains. In a further characterization, Western blots were probed with rabbit antisera raised against either of two purified recombinant Bdr proteins from Borrelia burgdorferi B31. The results showed that antibodies cross-react and several Bdr paralogs 19.5 to 30.5 kDa in size are expressed by cultured strain B31 in a temperature-independent manner. In situ proteolysis, immunofluorescence, and growth inhibition assays indicated that Bdr proteins are not surface exposed. Distinct patterns of cross-reacting proteins of 17.5 to 33 kDa were also detected in other B. burgdorferi, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia afzelii strains as well as in relapsing fever spirochetes Borrelia hermsii and Borrelia turicatae. Last, we examined whether these proteins are antibody targets during Lyme disease. Analysis of 47 Lyme disease patient sera by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays showed that 24 (51%) and 20 (43%), respectively, had detectable antibodies to one or more of the Bdr proteins. Together, these data indicate that Bdr proteins constitute a family of cross-reactive Borrelia proteins which are expressed in the course of Lyme disease and in vitro. (+info)

Identification of a novel strain of Borrelia hermsii in a previously undescribed northern California focus. (6/450)

An epizootiologic investigation testing for the presence of tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes in rodent and tick hosts was conducted at Eagle Lake in Lassen County, California. Six of 211 O. hermsii ticks and none of 180 rodents were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for Borrelia spirochetes. Sequencing of the PCR-amplified flagellin gene fragment suggests that the spirochetes from Eagle Lake represent a previously undescribed strain of Borrelia hermsii. (+info)

Characterization of VspB of Borrelia turicatae, a major outer membrane protein expressed in blood and tissues of mice. (7/450)

Serotypes A and B of the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae produce different disease manifestations in infected mice. Whereas serotype B causes more severe arthritis and reaches higher densities in the blood of mice than serotype A, serotype A invades the central nervous system earlier than serotype B during infection. These differences between serotypes A and B in mice are associated with the expression of different surface proteins, VspA and VspB, respectively, in the culture medium. To determine whether these proteins, in particular, VspB, are also expressed in vivo, scid mice infected with B. turicatae were studied. The expression of VspB by spirochetes in the blood was demonstrated in Coomassie blue-stained polyacrylamide gels and Western blots with a specific monoclonal antibody. Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase studies confirmed the expression of VspB in the blood and also demonstrated VspB expression in the joints and heart. The gene for VspB was next identified and cloned by using partial amino acid sequencing, reverse transcriptase PCR, and a specific monoclonal antibody. The vspB gene encodes a protein of 216 amino acids that is 68% identical to VspA of B. turicatae and 44 to 56% identical to representative Vsp and OspC lipoproteins of other Borrelia spp. The processed VspB protein was distinguished from 26 other Vsp and OspC proteins by a high predicted isoelectric point at 9.39. The promoter region for vspB was similar to the promoter region for the vsp33 gene of Borrelia hermsii and for the ospC gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, two genes known to be environmentally regulated. These studies established that the virulence-associated VspB protein is expressed by spirochetes in the mouse and that VspB is a novel member of the Vsp-OspC family of proteins. (+info)

Toward the development of antibacterial vaccines: report of a symposium and workshop. Organizing Committee. (8/450)

On 26 and 27 October 1998, the Department of Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), hosted a symposium and workshop on bacterial vaccines. The symposium featured invited speakers who are internationally recognized authorities in their fields and who discussed selected topics related to specific pathogens or specific principles of bacterial vaccine development. The workshop, held on the day following the symposium, brought together the invited speakers and members of the organizing committee, who came from UCSF and the University of California, Berkeley, to discuss 4 specific topics and to define priorities for future vaccine development. Considerable knowledge has been gained from successful and unsuccessful vaccine development efforts, and large gains in knowledge relevant to vaccine development have resulted from studies of basic immunology and microbial pathogenesis. This report summarizes the presentations at the symposium and the discussions of the workshop sessions. (+info)

The major Borrelia species causing Lyme disease are Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia afzelii, and Borrelia garinii. All species ... 2020 Borrelia mazzottii ♦ Davis 1956 "Borrelia merionesi" Hougen 1974 "Borrelia microti" (Rafyi 1946) Davis 1948 "Ca. Borrelia ... Borrelia africana" Ehounoud et al. 2016 "Ca. Borrelia algerica" Fotso et al. 2015 "Ca. Borrelia aligera" Norte et al. 2020 ... Borrelia ivorensis" Ehounoud et al. 2016 "Ca. Borrelia javanense" Jiang et al. 2021 "Ca. Borrelia johnsonii" Schwan et al. 2009 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia

... and ticks with Borrelia miyamotoi and Borrelia andersonii in Michigan, U.S.A." Parasites & Vectors. 5 (1): 231. doi:10.1186/ ... Borrelia andersonii is a spirochete bacterium. It can be pathogenic, being involved in cases of Lyme borreliosis. Lyme disease ... NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with ' ... Stanek G, Reiter M (April 2011). "The expanding Lyme Borrelia complex--clinical significance of genomic species?". Clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_andersonii

"Whole-Genome Sequences of Borrelia bissettii, Borrelia valaisiana, and Borrelia spielmanii". Journal of Bacteriology. 194 (2): ... "Borrelia valaisiana" at the Encyclopedia of Life Type strain of Borrelia valaisiana at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity ... "Genetic and Phenotypic Analysis of Borrelia valaisiana sp. nov. (Borrelia Genomic Groups VS116 and M19)". International Journal ... Borrelia valaisiana is a spirochaete bacterium; strain VS116 is the type strain. It is a potential pathogen. Wang, G.; Van Dam ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_valaisiana

Candidatus Borrelia texasensis is a proposed new strain of the spirochaete Borrelia. C. B. texasensis was "isolated in March ... Lin T, Gao L, Seyfang A, Oliver JH Jr (March 2005). "'Candidatus Borrelia texasensis', from the American dog tick Dermacentor ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with 'species' microformats, Borrelia, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_texasensis

... is a helical spirochete bacterium with dimensions around 8-20/0,2-0,3[clarification needed] μm and with five ... McNeil, E; Hinshaw, WR; Kissling, RE (February 1949). "A study of Borrelia anserina infection (Spirochetosis) in turkeys". ... Borrelia, Bacteria described in 1925, All stub articles, Spirochaetes stubs, Veterinary medicine stubs). ... "Isolation and molecular characterization of a Brazilian strain of Borrelia anserina, the agent of fowl spirochaetosis". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_anserina

... , a species of Borrelia, has been associated with relapsing fever. Schwan TG, Raffel SJ, Schrumpf ME, et al. ( ... August 2005). "Phylogenetic analysis of the spirochetes Borrelia parkeri and Borrelia turicatae and the potential for tick- ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with 'species' microformats, Borrelia, All ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_parkeri

... was identified as a sensu lato (broad sense), genospecies (Bbsl) of the known microbe, Borrelia burgdorferi. A ... Borrelia mayonii is a Gram-negative, host-associated spirochete that is capable of causing Lyme disease. This organism can ... Spirochetes in the Borrelia family may enter cyst form in unfavorable conditions and "reappear" in "L" (larval) form as ... Reconversion of cystic Borrelia burgdorferi into the typical spiral form has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo." Margulis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_mayonii

... is a species of Borrelia a bacterium that can infect various species of vertebrates and invertebrates. Among ... Coinfection by this Borrelia species with one or more pathogens can occur, carried by the vector, which appears to be in most ... Type strain of Borrelia afzelii at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase v t e (Articles with short description, Short ... typing reveals extensive strain diversity of the Lyme borreliosis agents Borrelia burgdorferi in North America and Borrelia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_afzelii

... is a species of spirochete bacteria and member of the genus Borrelia. Strains of this species have been ... Borrelia hermsii and Borrelia coriaceae) in free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) from Nevada, United States". Vector ... Johnson, R. C.; Burgdorfer, W.; Lane, R. S.; Barbour, A. G.; Hayes, S. F.; Hyde, F. W. (1 January 1987). "Borrelia coriaceae sp ... Zingg, BC; LeFebvre, RB (Nov 1994). "Polymerase chain reaction for detection of Borrelia coriaceae, putative agent of epizootic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_coriaceae

NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia sinica" at the Encyclopedia of Life LPSN v t e (Articles with short description, ... Borrelia sinica is a spirochete bacterium. Its cells contain only four periplasmic flagella inserted at each end of the ... Masuzawa, T.; Takada, N.; Kudeken, M.; Fukui, T.; Yano, Y.; Ishiguro, F.; Kawamura, Y.; Imai, Y.; Ezaki, T. (2001). "Borrelia ... Stanek G, Reiter M (2011). "The expanding Lyme Borrelia complex--clinical significance of genomic species?". Clin Microbiol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_sinica

1995). "T cell response to Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii, and Borrelia japonica in various congenic mouse strains". ... Borrelia lusitaniae is a bacterium of the spirochete class of the genus Borrelia, which has a diderm (double-membrane) envelope ... NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia UniProct Identification Type strain of Borrelia lusitaniae at BacDive - the Bacterial ... The first known isolate of Borrelia was in Portugal. A 46-year-old woman from the Lisbon area presented with skin lesions on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_lusitaniae

... is a species of Borrelia, a spirochaete bacterium associated with relapsing fever. B. recurrentis is ... 2013). "Borrelia recurrentis in head lice, Ethiopia". Emerg Infect Dis. 19 (5): 796-798. doi:10.3201/eid1905.121480. PMC ... Meri T, Cutler SJ, Blom AM, Meri S, Jokiranta TS (July 2006). "Relapsing fever spirochetes Borrelia recurrentis and B. duttonii ... Cutler SJ, Moss J, Fukunaga M, Wright DJ, Fekade D, Warrell D (October 1997). "Borrelia recurrentis characterization and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_recurrentis

... is a bacterium of the spirochete phylum in the genus Borrelia. A zoonotic organism, B. miyamotoi can infect ... "A new Borrelia on the block: Borrelia miyamotoi - a human health risk?". Eurosurveillance. 24 (18): 1800170. doi:10.2807/1560- ... B. miyamotoi causes Borrelia miyamotoi disease (BMD) in humans. BMD is a relapsing fever illness that has been reported across ... Borrelia species that cause human disease are classified into two genetic clades, the Lyme borreliosis (LB) clade, and the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_miyamotoi

March 2007). "Detection of Borrelia garinii, Borrelia tanukii and Borrelia sp. closely related to Borrelia valaisiana in Ixodes ... "Homogeneity of Borrelia japonica and heterogeneity of Borrelia afzelii and 'Borrelia tanukii' isolated in Japan, determined ... NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia tanukii" at the Encyclopedia of Life v t e (Articles with short description, Short ... Fukunaga M, Hamase A, Okada K, Nakao M (1996). "Borrelia tanukii sp. nov. and Borrelia turdae sp. nov. found from ixodid ticks ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_tanukii

Scholia has a topic profile for Borrelia burgdorferi. NCBI Borrelia Taxonomy Browser Borrelia burgdoferi B31 Genome Page (CS1: ... Borrelia burgdorferi is a bacterial species of the spirochete class in the genus Borrelia, and is one of the causative agents ... Like all other Borrelia sps., this bacterium is also gram-negative and a spirochete. Borrelia colonies are often smaller, ... Borrelia species are Gram-negative. Borrelia burgdorferi is named after the researcher Willy Burgdorfer, who first isolated the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_burgdorferi

1995). "T cell response to Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii, and Borrelia japonica in various congenic mouse strains". ... "Homogeneity of Borrelia japonica and heterogeneity of Borrelia afzelii and 'Borrelia tanukii' isolated in Japan, determined ... NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia japonica" at the Encyclopedia of Life v t e (Articles with short description, Short ... Borrelia japonica is a spirochete bacterium first isolated from Japanese mammals. Kawabata H, Masuzawa T, Yanagihara Y (1993 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_japonica

NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia bissettii" at the Encyclopedia of Life Type strain of Borrelia bissettii at BacDive ... "Expanded diversity among Californian borrelia isolates and description of Borrelia bissettii sp. nov. (formerly Borrelia group ... "Whole-genome sequences of Borrelia bissettii, Borrelia valaisiana, and Borrelia spielmanii". Journal of Bacteriology. 194 (2): ... "Borrelia isolates in Northern Colorado identified as Borrelia bissettii". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 38 (8): 3103-5. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_bissettii

"Multilocus sequence analysis of Borrelia bissettii strains from North America reveals a new Borrelia species, Borrelia ... Borrelia kurtenbachii is a spirochete bacterium; it can be pathogenic, being involved in cases of Lyme borreliosis. Lyme ... NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with ' ... Stanek G, Reiter M (April 2011). "The expanding Lyme Borrelia complex--clinical significance of genomic species?". Clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_kurtenbachii

"Homogeneity of Borrelia japonica and heterogeneity of Borrelia afzelii and 'Borrelia tanukii' isolated in Japan, determined ... NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia turdi" at the Encyclopedia of Life v t e (CS1 maint: uses authors parameter, ... Borrelia turdi, formerly known as Borrelia turdae, is a spirochete bacterium first isolated from specimens of Ixodes tanuki. ... Fukunaga M, Hamase A, Okada K, Nakao M (1996). "Borrelia tanukii sp. nov. and Borrelia turdae sp. nov. found from ixodid ticks ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_turdi

NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia carolinensis" at the Encyclopedia of Life LPSN v t e (Articles with short ... Borrelia carolinensis is a spirochete bacterium associated with Lyme disease. Rudenko, N.; Golovchenko, M.; Grubhoffer, L.; ... Oliver, J. H. (2008). "Borrelia carolinensis sp. nov., a New (14th) Member of the Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Complex from ... Stanek G, Reiter M (2011). "The expanding Lyme Borrelia complex--clinical significance of genomic species?". Clin Microbiol ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_carolinensis

NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia spielmanii" at the Encyclopedia of Life v t e (Articles with short description, ... Borrelia spielmanii is a spirochete bacterium; it routinely infects Ixodes ricinus, and subsequently humans, causing Lyme ... Richter D, Postic D, Sertour N, Livey I, Matuschka FR, Baranton G (April 2006). "Delineation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato ... "Borrelia spielmanii erythema migrans, Hungary." Emerging infectious diseases 11.11 (2005): 1794. Dieter, Heylen (2014). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_spielmanii

... , formerly known as Spirochaeta duttoni, is a species of Borrelia. It can be associated with relapsing fever. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_duttoni

NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia Borrelia burgdoferi B31 Genome Page Borrelia Garinii PBi Genome Page Borrelia Afzelli PKo ... Borrelia garinii is a spirochete bacterium in the genus Borrelia. Benredjem, Wassila; Leulmi, Hamza; Bitam, Idir; Raoult, ... Borrelia, Bacteria described in 1992, All stub articles, Spirochaetes stubs). ... Didier; Parola, Philippe (October 2014). "Borrelia garinii and Rickettsia monacensis in Ixodes ricinus Ticks, Algeria". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_garinii

... is a spirochete bacterium that has been implicated as a cause of tick-borne relapsing fever. It is spread by ... Dai Q, Restrepo BI, Porcella SF, Raffel SJ, Schwan TG, Barbour AG (June 2006). "Antigenic variation by Borrelia hermsii occurs ... v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Articles with 'species' microformats, Borrelia, All ... July 2009). "Tick-borne relapsing fever and Borrelia hermsii, Los Angeles County, California, USA". Emerging Infectious ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_hermsii

... is a bacterial species of the spirochaete class of the genus Borrelia. It is one of the relapsing fever ... Phylogenetic analysis of the spirochetes Borrelia parkeri and Borrelia turicatae and the potential for tick-borne relapsing ... The definitive diagnosis of TBRF is based on the observation of Borrelia spirochaetes in smears of peripheral blood, bone ... The maternal-fetal transmission of Borrelia is believed to occur either transplacentally or while traversing the birth canal. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_turicatae

The Lyme-related Borrelia species are collectively known as Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, and show a great deal of genetic ... In Europe and Asia Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, B. spielmanii and four other species also cause the disease. The disease ... 2010). "Chapter 6, Structure, Function and Biogenesis of the Borrelia Cell Envelope". Borrelia: Molecular Biology, Host ... and Borrelia garinii and Borrelia valaisiana appear to be associated with birds. Both rodents and birds are competent reservoir ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

The heart-nosed bat is a carrier of Borrelia. Borrelia is a bacterium that can cause Lyme disease. This can be transferred to ... "Borrelia sp. phylogenetically different from Lyme disease- and relapsing fever-related Borrelia spp. in Amblyomma varanense ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart-nosed_bat

Borrelia sp. phylogenetically different from Lyme disease- and relapsing fever-related Borrelia spp. in Amblyomma varanense ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblyomma_gervaisi

Most bacterial chromosomes are circular although some examples of linear DNA exist (e.g. Borrelia burgdorferi). Usually a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_cell_structure

2014 Genus Borrelia Swellengrebel 1907 (relapsing fever Borrelia, Lreptile-associated Borrelia and Echidna-associated Borrelia ... containing the members of the Lyme disease Borrelia (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex)". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 105 (6 ... the emended genus Borrelia containing only the members of the relapsing fever Borrelia, and the genus Borreliella gen. nov. ... Borrelia emend. Borreliella gen. nov.). However, this study has been criticized, and other studies using different approaches ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirochaete

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi. It is known as a spirochete because of its long, corkscrew ... Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi. It is known as a spirochete because of its long, corkscrew ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/1427.htm

What is Borrelia mayonii?. Borrelia mayonii are a type of bacteria recently found in North America that can cause Lyme disease ... What you need to know about Borrelia mayonii. ... Borrelia burgdorferi (North America, Europe). *B. afzelii ( ...

https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/mayonii/index.html

This publication reviews the impacts of climate change on Lyme borreliosis in Europe. Although it is treatable with antibiotics, it is the most common vector-borne disease in the Region and may lead to severe complications ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Borrelia+burgdorferi&type=mesh

Borrelia burgdorferi is a spirochete bacteria that causes Lyme disease. It is similar in shape to the spirochetes that cause ... Borrelia burgdorferi is a spirochete bacteria that causes Lyme disease. It is similar in shape to the spirochetes that cause ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/1028.htm

Borrelia Name. Homonyms. Borrelia Swellengrebel, 1907. Borrelia sp014084025. Bibliographic References. * Boberg (2018-06-26 13: ... Borrelia Swellengrebel, 1907 Dataset GBIF Backbone Taxonomy Rank GENUS Published in Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30::266 http:// ...

https://www.gbif.org/species/3228159

... Ann Intern Med. 1985 Jul;103(1):67-8. doi: ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4003991/

Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 1994;93(2):809-819. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI117035 ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/117035/pdf

Which Borrelia species did you study?. Noémie Becker: We investigated three species: Borrelia bavariensis - not called so, ... We isolated Borrelia from over 2,000 ticks that we collected in Germany, Russia, and Japan. Borrelia is a difficult genus for ... and Borrelia afzelii, both of which are mainly found in rodents, and Borrelia garinii, which is adapted to birds. ... What have you discovered about the origin of the Borrelia bacteria?. Becker: It is very likely that all three species ...

https://www.lmu.de/en/newsroom/news-overview/news/borrelia-travelers-from-asia.html

... Please note that for all tick-borne disease serology tests, only one specimen is needed to ...

https://sonomacounty.ca.gov/health-and-human-services/health-services/divisions/public-health/public-health-regional-laboratory/testing-services/lyme-disease

Borrelia burgdorferi, are central to this challenge. We therefore addressed methodological optimization of Borrelia recovery ... In this proof-of-concept study, we now report two opportunities to improve recovery and detection of Borrelia from clinical ... The potential for platelets to serve as a reservoir for Borrelia and its diagnostic targets may transform direct clinical ... we found that the platelet fraction of blood concentrates Borrelia, providing an enriched resource for direct pathogen ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/11/366

borrelia. Toronto Sun: Ticks: A ticking Lyme bomb May 26th, 2019 Nice weather is here and youre out and about? Be on the ...

https://canlyme.com/tag/ticks-borrelia/

No association between anti-Borrelia immunoglobulin G and cardiac disorders: results from a population based sample ... No association between anti-Borrelia immunoglobulin G and cardiac disorders: results from a population based sample ... No association between anti-Borrelia immunoglobulin G and cardiac disorders: results from a population based sample ...

https://heart.bmj.com/content/91/2/235.citation-tools

Borrelia and its not-so-loose ends. (part 1). by Christoph. Figure 1.1 Movie by Christina Savage PhD (@Dr-_Sa-vage_Sci), with ... Borrelia de-mon-stra-tes that it is pos-sible for a bac-te-ri-um to live com-for-tab-ly with a li-ne-ar chro-mo-so-me. But does ... Figure 1.2 A Cumulative GC-skew plot for the se-quen-ce: Borrelia burg-dor-fe-ri B31 [NC_001318.1], with step-size: 909 and win ...

https://schaechter.asmblog.org/schaechter/2021/08/borrelia-and-its-not-so-loose-ends-part-1.html%20

Reservoir Competence of Four Chaparral-Dwelling Rodents for Borrelia burgdorferi in California published on Jan 1996 by The ... Aspects of the reservoir competence of four rodents for the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, were evaluated in ... Reservoir Competence of Four Chaparral-Dwelling Rodents for Borrelia burgdorferi in California ...

https://www.ajtmh.org/abstract/journals/tpmd/54/1/article-p84.xml

Borrelia burgdorferi is a bacterium that lives into the gut of ticks. When such ticks feed upon the blood of Ticks and other ... Comparison of Culture-Confirmed Erythema Migrans Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in New York State and by Borrelia ... Borrelia burgdorferi is a bacterium that lives into the gut of ticks. When such ticks feed upon the blood of Ticks and other ... 2008) Effect of Borrelia burgdorferi Genotype on the Sensitivity of C6 and 2-Tier Testing in North American Patients with ...

https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=70152

Borrelia Burgdorferi Child Child, Preschool Female Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Lyme Disease Male Middle Aged Prevalence Young ... To assess Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (the cause of Lyme borreliosis) seropositivity in Germany, we tested serum samples ... Title : Antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato among Adults, Germany, 2008-2011 Personal Author(s) : Wilking, ...

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/26660

Abstract Objective-To determine whether an amitraz-impregnated collar could prevent transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi by ... Efficacy of an amitraz-impregnated collar in preventing transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi by adult Ixodes scapularis to dogs ... Objective-To determine whether an amitraz-impregnated collar could prevent transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi by Ixodes ... Objective-To determine whether an amitraz-impregnated collar could prevent transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi by Ixodes ...

https://avmajournals.avma.org/abstract/journals/javma/219/2/javma.2001.219.185.xml

LOINC Code 79708-4 Borrelia burgdorferi IgG Ab [Presence] in Serum or Plasma by Immunofluorescence ... Borrelia burgdorferi Ат.IgG:. PrThr:. ТчкВрм:. Сыв/Плаз:. Пор:. ИФ. es-MXSpanish (Mexico). Borrelia burgdorferi Ab.IgG:. ... Source: Wikipedia, Borrelia burgdorferi (Wikipedia). Fully-Specified Name. Component. Borrelia burgdorferi Ab.IgG. Property. ... Borrelia burgdorferi antikehad.IgG:. PrThr:. Pt:. S/P:. Ord:. IF. fr-BEFrench (Belgium). Borrelia burgdorferi Anticorps. IgG:. ...

https://loinc.org/loinc/79708-4/

If youve been following a strict gluten-free diet, but continue to suffer from lingering neurological symptoms, you may need to explore the possibility that you have Lyme disease. In fact, there are many parallels between celiac disease and Lyme, and the Gluten Free RN has called in an expert to discuss the similarities between the two disorders and why a gluten-free diet is part of the proper treatment for both.. Dr. Usha Honeyman, a chiropractic and naturopathic physician out of Corvallis, Oregon, joins Nadine to explain the fundamentals of Lyme disease. She shares her best advice around prevention and treatment, exploring why it can be difficult to get an accurate diagnosis.. Nadine and Usha also cover the inflammation of the gut that plagues both celiac and Lyme patients, the neurological component of Lyme disease, and the relationship between Lyme and illnesses like MS, Parkinsons and ALS. Listen in to understand what can happen when Lyme goes untreated and how antibiotics coupled with a ...

https://glutenfreern.com/tag/borrelia/

Environmental determinants of Ixodes ricinus ticks and the incidence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the agent of Lyme ... Environmental determinants of Ixodes ricinus ticks and the incidence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the agent of Lyme ... Printed from /publications/environmental-determinants-ixodes-ricinus-ticks-and-incidence-borrelia-burgdorferi on 08/12/22 07:39 ...

https://www.hutton.ac.uk/publications/environmental-determinants-ixodes-ricinus-ticks-and-incidence-borrelia-burgdorferi

... of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to an indirect immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antibodies to Borrelia ... Comparison of an elisa to an indirect immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in the ... for detection of IgG antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in dog sera. The concordance of the two tests was 93.5% for sera from ... of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that uses the 41-kd flagellin as the antigen for detection of antibodies to Borrelia ...

https://eurekamag.com/research/002/054/002054824.php

Borrelia spirochetes are dual-membrane organisms with both an inner and outer membrane. Although the outer membrane contains ... From: Consensus computational network analysis for identifying candidate outer membrane proteins from Borrelia spirochetes ...

https://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12866-016-0762-z/figures/1

Structure of decorin binding protein A from strain N40 of Borrelia burgdorferi. *Ashli Morgan (Creator) ...

https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/datasets/structure-of-decorin-binding-protein-a-from-strain-n40-of-borreli/publications/?type=%2Fdk%2Fatira%2Fpure%2Fresearchoutput%2Fresearchoutputtypes%2Fcontributiontojournal%2Farticle

Tick Saliva and Borrelia Spirochetes: A Novel Approach to Lyme Diagnostics. By Bay Area Lyme Bay Area Lyme recognizes some of ... Borrelia burgdorferi New National Lyme Disease Biobank Aims to Accelerate Lyme Disease Research by Making Lyme Patient Samples ... CRISPR Technology: A New Approach to Eradicating Borrelia. By Bay Area Lyme Dr. Chase Beisel is an Assistant Professor at North ... Grasperges project is entitled "Identification of Tick Chemoattractant(s) for Borrelia burgdorferi." The goal, he explains, is ...

https://www.bayarealyme.org/tag/borrelia-burgdorferi/page/7/

Alverson, Janet, "Environmental gene regulation by DNA supercoiling in Borrelia burgdorferi" (1999). Graduate Student Theses, ...

https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10585/

Borrelia burgdorferi) case definitions; uniform criteria used to define a disease for public health surveillance. ...

https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/conditions/lyme-disease/

Borrelia hispanica Relapsing Fever, Morocco Cite CITE. Title : Borrelia hispanica Relapsing Fever, Morocco Personal Author(s ... Borrelia Doxycycline Humans Immunoglobulin M Phylogeny Recurrence Relapsing Fever Research RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ... Borrelia miyamotoi is distantly related to B. burgdorferi and transmitted by the same hard-body tick species. We report 46 ... Tickborne Relapsing Fever Caused by Borrelia persica, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan Cite CITE. Title : Tickborne Relapsing Fever ...

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/18486

Borrelia spirochaetes were detected in Rhipicephalus spp for the first time. It is suggested that the Rhipicephalus spps might ... In this study, we developed a reverse line blot (RLB) to identify Borrelia spp. in ticks collected from sheep and cattle in 7 ... Furthermore, the RLB could detect between 0.1 pg and 1 pg of Borrelia DNA. A total of 723 tick samples (Haemaphysalis, ... Ticks, especially ixodid ticks are abundant and a wide arrange of Borrelia natural reservoirs are present. ...

https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1746-6148-7-17

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi . (medlineplus.gov)
Borrelia mayonii are a type of bacteria recently found in North America that can cause Lyme disease. (cdc.gov)
Borrelia burgdorferi is a spirochete bacteria that causes Lyme disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Lyme disease is an infection caused by bacteria from the genus Borrelia . (lmu.de)
An ideal test would directly detect the Lyme disease bacteria, Borrelia , to provide better clinical guidance. (mdpi.com)
Aspects of the reservoir competence of four rodents for the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi , were evaluated in California. (ajtmh.org)
Introduction, Sign, Symptoms, Prevention and Management of Lyme Disease Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi Channeled through Ixodes Ticks as Vector. (scirp.org)
Borrelia burgdorferi is a Gram negative spirochete bacterium that causes Lyme disease. (loinc.org)
Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex is an important endemic zoonosis whose distribution is closely related to the main ixodid tick vectors. (biomedcentral.com)
Lyme disease, the most common vector-borne illness in the United States, is a multisystem illness usually caused by infection with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (see the image below) and the body's immune response to the infection. (medscape.com)
Borrelia burgdorferi are gram-negative spirochete bacteria that cause Lyme disease. (redlabs.be)
Of particular note in the growing "epidemic" is the borrelia bacteria, a spiral-shaped bacteria that is responsible for Lyme disease and which was previously thought to come only from tick bites. (endthecyclenow.com)
Borrelia species are causative agents of Lyme disease. (protean.bio)
Lyme disease is a bacterial infection contracted when a person gets bitten by a tick that is infected with the borrelia burgdorferi bacteria. (lyme-time.com)
Medical researchers have been tirelessly working to understand the borrelia burgdorferi bacteria further so that they can develop a better approach to Lyme disease treatment. (lyme-time.com)
How do bacteria structure and borrelia lipopolysaccharides play a role in Lyme disease pathogenesis? (lyme-time.com)
IFAT for Borrelia burgdorferi , the pathogen responsible for the Lyme disease or Borreliose. (equigerminal.shop)
Lyme disease is a tickborne illness that results from infection with members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. (equigerminal.shop)
Support your Lyme Disease research with fully authenticated Borrelia burgdorferi strains and genomic DNA from ATCC. (atcc.org)
A temperature -driven seasonal model of Borrelia burgdorferi ( Lyme disease ) transmission among four host types is constructed as a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. (bvsalud.org)
Electron cryotomography was used to analyze the structure of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. (uncg.edu)
Borrelia burgdorferi, the cause of Lyme disease, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the cause of human granulocytic anaplasmosis. (cdc.gov)
Lyme Disease is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Borrelia Burgdorferi . (ticksure.com)
Currently the standard for laboratory diagnosis of Lyme disease is primarily based on the demonstration of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi ( B. burgdorferi ), the causative bacteria," senior author Steven Schutzer, MD, a physician-scientist at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School told Contagion ® in an interview. (contagionlive.com)

It is spread by ticks, the vectors that transmit the Borrelia bacteria from host to host. (lmu.de)
We isolated Borrelia from over 2,000 ticks that we collected in Germany, Russia, and Japan. (lmu.de)
Borrelia burgdorferi is a bacterium that lives into the gut of ticks. (scirp.org)
The life circle of Borrelia burgdorferi is transferred via Ticks. (scirp.org)
Ticks have two chance to get infect with Borrelia burgdorferi i.e. during larval and nymph stages. (scirp.org)
Ticks, especially ixodid ticks are abundant and a wide arrange of Borrelia natural reservoirs are present. (biomedcentral.com)
The bacteria of the group Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. are the etiological agents of Lyme borreliosis in humans, transmitted by bites of ticks. (biomedcentral.com)
Evidence from several sources makes clear that ticks carry the Borrelia bacteria more frequently nowadays than 10 years ago. (ferrobee.com)
Borrelia burgdorferi in Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from Coastal Virginia. (ncsu.edu)
The disease is caused by several species of Borrelia and transmitted by various species of soft ticks [1,2]. (who.int)
Specific relationships usually exist between Borrelia species, the vector ticks and the distribution area [3]. (who.int)
The Borrelia bacteria can be carried by up to 25 per cent of ticks. (findbusiness.me)
Chromosome and Large Linear Plasmid Sequences of a Borrelia miyamotoi Strain Isolated from Ixodes pacificus Ticks from California. (cdc.gov)
Infection rates of I. scapularis ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi ( I IS ) also from passive surveillance program. (cdc.gov)

Borrelia miyamotoi is a newly recognized human pathogen in notable findings. (cdc.gov)
Researchers have identified a tick-borne illness that is very similar to Lyme, caused by Borrelia miyamotoi (B. miyamotoi). (frequencyfoundation.com)
OverviewProduct Name:Borrelia Miyamotoi GlpQ Recombinant ProteinProduct Code:RPPB5376Size:20µgSpecies:Borrelia MiyamotoiTarget:GlpQSource:Escherichia ColiPropertiesPhysical Appearance:Sterile Filtered clear solution.Formulation:Borrelia Miyamotoi. (assaygenie.com)
The thesis deals in particular with Borrelia miyamotoi. (ferrobee.com)
Analysis of variable major protein antigenic variation in the relapsing fever spirochete, Borrelia miyamotoi, in response to polyclonal antibody selection pressure. (cdc.gov)
Paired real-time PCR assays for detection of Borrelia miyamotoi in North American Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae). (cdc.gov)
Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia miyamotoi seroprevalence in California blood donors. (cdc.gov)
Toward a Complete North American Borrelia miyamotoi Genome. (cdc.gov)

Objective -To determine whether an amitraz-impregnated collar could prevent transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi by Ixodes scapularis to dogs. (avma.org)
We updated a previous meta-analysis of the reported prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in questing nymphs of Ixodes ricinus with a literature search from January 2010-June 2017. (biomedcentral.com)
Ixodes scapularis Population Dynamics and Borrelia burgdorferi Transmission and Prevalence. (bvsalud.org)
Testing a removed Ixodes tick for Borrelia burgdorferi is not recommended. (medscape.com)
Comparison of Tick Feeding Success and Vector Competence for Borrelia burgdorferi Among Immature Ixodes scapularis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) of Both Southern and Northern Clades. (cdc.gov)

Borrelia bavariensis - not called so, incidentally, because it originates in Bavaria, but because the species was named by the National Reference Center for Borrelia in Oberschleißheim, Munich - and Borrelia afzelii , both of which are mainly found in rodents, and Borrelia garinii , which is adapted to birds. (lmu.de)
This term was created for the submitter's Euroimmun Borrelia mosaics and Europlus Borrelia mosaics immunofluorescence test kit, which detects antibodies against borreliae, bacterial smears of B. afzelii, B. burgdorferi, or B. garinii. (loinc.org)
Recombinant Borrelia Afzelii Basic Membrane Protein A produced in E.coli is a non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 36,227 Dalton. (neobiolab.com)
Borrelia Afzelii BmpA is expressed with a -6x His tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. (neobiolab.com)
Recombinant Borrelia Afzelii Outer Surface Protein A produced in E.coli is a non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 29,074 Dalton. (neobiolab.com)
OverviewProduct Name:Borrelia Afzelii p100 Recombinant ProteinProduct Code:RPPB5375Size:20µgSpecies:Borrelia AfzeliiTarget:p100Source:Sf9 Insect cellsPropertiesPhysical Appearance:Sterile Filtered clear solution.Formulation:Borrelia Afzelii p100 is. (assaygenie.com)
OverviewProduct Name:Borrelia Afzelii OspC Recombinant ProteinProduct Code:RPPB5374Size:20µgSpecies:Borrelia AfzeliiTarget:OspCSource:Escherichia ColiPropertiesPhysical Appearance:Sterile Filtered clear solution.Formulation:Borrelia Afzelii OspC is. (assaygenie.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Borrelia burgdorferi (strain B. afzelii) antibodies among Malaysian blood donors and patients. (who.int)
In this study, the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi (strain B. afzelii) among Malaysian blood donors and patients admitted to hospital with various infectious diseases was determined. (who.int)

Which Borrelia species did you study? (lmu.de)
Do infections differ according to the Borrelia species? (lmu.de)
Lyme borreliosis, caused in humans by several species in the Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. complex (hereinafter Bb), is considered the archetype of an emerging infectious disease [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Borrelia parkeri is a species of Bacteria in the family Borreliaceae . (eol.org)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification has been developed for identification of most Borrelia species. (medscape.com)

The red ring on the skin, the so called erythema migrans (EM), which is so characteristic for infection wi th Borrelia burgdorferi, is not present. (ferrobee.com)
Antinuclear antibodies are not increased in the early phase of Borrelia infection. (vumc.nl)
Lyme illness (LD), brought on by an infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, is the commonest tick-borne an infection in lots of areas of Eurasia. (philip-awadallalab.org)
Studies indicate that the type of infection - whether it's from a virus (first SARS pathogen in 2003, the Epstein-Barr virus (infectious mononucleosis , glandular fever), the Ross-River virus , the West Nile Virus, Ebola), or a bacteria ( Coxiella burnetii , Borrelia burgdorfii , Giardia lambia ) - it doesn't matter. (healthrising.org)

Serosurvey of dogs in Virginia for antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi. (ncsu.edu)

For example, a patient with irritable bowel syndrome might receive a treatment for the known IBS pathogen but fail to receive treatment for the borrelia bacteria, and the person will not get well, Kish says. (endthecyclenow.com)
Whole Genome Sequence and Comparative Genomics of the Novel Lyme Borreliosis Causing Pathogen, Borrelia mayonii. (cdc.gov)

Chromosome and Linear Plasmid Sequences of a 2015 Human Isolate of the Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever Spirochete, Borrelia turicatae. (cdc.gov)

Electrotransformation of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. (cocites.com)
Otoba parvifolia bark extract, also known as Banderol, is an antimicrobial herb proven effective against the Lyme spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. (glutenfreehealthstore.com)

The other testing platform consists of a single multiplex test "designed to provide information about antibody responses to multiple Borrelia antigens, including bead-based assays or microchip configurations," the authors write. (contagionlive.com)

What is Borrelia mayonii ? (cdc.gov)

The borrelia burgdorferi bacteria belongs to the spirochaetaceae family of bacteria, more simply known as spirochetes. (lyme-time.com)

To our surprise, we found two Borrelia strains in samples from infected patients that do not possess these genes. (lmu.de)
But the strains were infectious nonetheless, which shows that Borrelia probably possess several mechanisms for getting round the immune system. (lmu.de)
If the patient has been in Europe, where different strains of Borrelia are more common, a C6 peptide ELISA is a more accurate confirmatory test than the Western blots, which have been developed to B burgdorferi , which is the most common strain found in the United States. (medscape.com)

Borrelia is a difficult genus for microbiologists, as the bacteria do not grow very well in culture media. (lmu.de)

The objective of this study was to determine, by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the frequency of seropositive cattle to Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma vivax and Borrelia burgdorferi in cattle from the Northeastern region of Pará, Brazil. (scite.ai)
And they make one for Borrelia burgdorferi as well (which also includes Babesia). (mylymesymphony.com)
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti, with two different multiplex PCR assays. (cdc.gov)

He found that each of these sensitive points was uniquely relevant for each form of Borrelia, and for most Lyme co-infections. (lymestop.com)

Phylogram based on the alignment of the concatenated DNA sequences containing the 16S rDNA , flaB , gyrB , and glpQ loci for 6 isolates (DAH, GAR, ALL, LAK-1, MTW-2, and YOR) and infected tissues from the owl (OWL) and pine squirrel (YB-Th-60) of Borrelia hermsii . (cdc.gov)

OverviewProduct Name:Borrelia Bavariensis DbpA Recombinant ProteinProduct Code:RPPB5377Size:20µgSpecies:Borrelia BavariensisTarget:DbpASynonyms:Decorin binding protein A, dbpA.Source:Escherichia ColiPropertiesPhysical Appearance:Sterile Filtered. (assaygenie.com)

Recombinant Borrelia Burgdorferi p100 (p100/p83) produced in SF9 is a glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 77,813 Dalton. (neobiolab.com)

Humans are not actually the normal hosts of Borrelia , but other vertebrates such as rodents and birds. (lmu.de)
If we understand better how Borrelia adapt to these hosts, then we could also understand better why things are different in humans and possibly identify new targets for a vaccine. (lmu.de)
When the bacteria gets into a host, the LPS also helps to regulate how the immune system of the host responds to its presence, which could be part of the reason why the borrelia burgdorferi is so hard to get rid of once it enters humans. (lyme-time.com)

Kish and other practitioners are finding borrelia coming from other insect bites, including spiders, flies, fleas and mosquitoes - not to mention via saliva in kissing or from exchanging bodily fluids in sexual intercourse. (endthecyclenow.com)

In the course of spreading to Europe, Borrelia switched vector and adapted to our tick I. ricinus . (lmu.de)

Recombinant Borrelia Burgdorferi NapA produced in E.coli is a non-glycosylated, full-length polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 22,094 Dalton. (neobiolab.com)
Recombinant Borrelia Burgdorferi Outer Surface Protein C produced in E.coli is a non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 21,443 Dalton. (neobiolab.com)

Both LPS and the bacterial structure make borrelia burgdorferi a dangerous player, because it can easily makes its way into human tissues when it has entered through the bloodstream. (lyme-time.com)

In this study, we aimed to improve the methods currently used to find Borrelia in human blood, and identified two opportunities for optimization. (mdpi.com)
We therefore prepared a peripheral blood smear from the baby and found a large number of Borrelia isolates on the smear. (who.int)

recomBead er en kvantitativ in vitro test til pålidelig og sikker identifikation af patogene antistoffer. (aidian.dk)
recomBead har integrerede kontroller og opnår derfor en høj nøjagtighed og reproducerbarhed af resultaterne og er egnet som konfirmatorisk test. (aidian.dk)

It appears that at least 3 other Borrelia bacteria in addition to Borrelia burgdorferi can cause this disease. (ferrobee.com)

In addition, borrelia is being found in other conditions, not just Lyme. (endthecyclenow.com)
In fact, research published less than a decade ago found that borrelia burgdorferi actually lacks LPS. (lyme-time.com)
The study previously mentioned has found that LPS, which helps bacteria invade its host and travel through thick liquids and other substances, is found in the borrelia burgdorferi bacteria. (lyme-time.com)

Furthermore, the RLB could detect between 0.1 pg and 1 pg of Borrelia DNA. (biomedcentral.com)

Lyme borreliosis er en multisystemisk sygdom med forskellige manifestationer, som gør klinisk diagnose vanskelig. (aidian.dk)
Ved rutinemæssig diagnose, udgør serologisk påvisning af Borrelia-antistoffer den nemmeste og sikreste metode til påvisning af en Borrelia-infektion. (aidian.dk)
På grund af de forskellige symptomer forårsaget af EBV infektion og hvordan disse svarer til symptomer på andre sygdomme, så er en sikker EBV diagnose af stor betydning for differential diagnostik. (aidian.dk)

The thesis describes a adequate culture medium for this type of Borrelia. (ferrobee.com)

It is suggested that the Rhipicephalus spps might play a role in transmitting Borrelia spirochaetes. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy7

Organisms39

Diseases19

Chemicals and Drugs35

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes23

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care6

Geographicals9

Isolation of Lyme disease Borrelia from puffins (Fratercula arctica) and seabird ticks (Ixodes uriae) on the Faeroe Islands. (1/450)

Specific antibodies reactive with the 22-kilodalton major outer surface protein of Borrelia anserina Ni-NL protect chicks from infection. (2/450)

Tick-borne relapsing fever imported from West Africa: diagnosis by quantitative buffy coat analysis and in vitro culture of Borrelia crocidurae. (3/450)

Short report: Diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever by the quantitative buffy coat fluorescence method. (4/450)

Comparative analysis and immunological characterization of the Borrelia Bdr protein family. (5/450)

Identification of a novel strain of Borrelia hermsii in a previously undescribed northern California focus. (6/450)

Characterization of VspB of Borrelia turicatae, a major outer membrane protein expressed in blood and tissues of mice. (7/450)

Toward the development of antibacterial vaccines: report of a symposium and workshop. Organizing Committee. (8/450)

Borrelia burgdorferi

Borrelia Infections

Relapsing Fever

Ixodes

Ticks

Arachnid Vectors

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins

Tick Infestations

Bacterial Vaccines

Lyme Disease Vaccines

Lipoproteins

Antibodies, Bacterial

Antigens, Bacterial

Erythema Chronicum Migrans

Peromyscus

Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Mice, Inbred C3H

DNA, Bacterial

Flagellin

Antigens, Surface

Spirochaetales

Ornithodoros

Disease Reservoirs

Tick-Borne Diseases

Molecular Sequence Data

Arthritis, Infectious

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Glossitis, Benign Migratory

Rodentia

DNA, Ribosomal Spacer

Arthropod Vectors

Ixodidae

Genes, Bacterial

Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Ehrlichiosis

Phylogeny

Species Specificity

Base Sequence

Rodent Diseases

Muridae

Ehrlichia

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Serologic Tests

Babesia

Bites and Stings

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Tarsal Joints

Babesia microti

Plasmids

Disease Vectors

Complement Factor H

RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Immunoglobulin M

Amino Acid Sequence

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Dermacentor

Poland

Complement C3b Inactivator Proteins

RNA, Ribosomal, 23S

Acrodermatitis

North America

Babesiosis

Czech Republic

Dog Diseases

Slovakia

Phthiraptera

RNA, Ribosomal, 5S

Blotting, Southwestern

Immunoglobulin G

Sigmodontinae

RNA, Bacterial

Ceftriaxone

Genetic Variation

Joints

Deer

Slovenia

Connecticut

Aminocoumarins

DNA, Ribosomal