Borrelia. Medical search

A specific species of bacteria, part of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP, whose common name is Lyme disease spirochete.

Infections with bacteria of the genus BORRELIA.

An acute infection characterized by recurrent episodes of PYREXIA alternating with asymptomatic intervals of apparent recovery. This condition is caused by SPIROCHETES of the genus BORRELIA. It is transmitted by the BITES of either the body louse (PEDICULUS humanus corporis), for which humans are the reservoir, or by soft ticks of the genus ORNITHODOROS, for which rodents and other animals are the principal reservoirs.

The largest genus of TICKS in the family IXODIDAE, containing over 200 species. Many infest humans and other mammals and several are vectors of diseases such as LYME DISEASE, tick-borne encephalitis (ENCEPHALITIS, TICK-BORNE), and KYASANUR FOREST DISEASE.

Blood-sucking acarid parasites of the order Ixodida comprising two families: the softbacked ticks (ARGASIDAE) and hardbacked ticks (IXODIDAE). Ticks are larger than their relatives, the MITES. They penetrate the skin of their host by means of highly specialized, hooked mouth parts and feed on its blood. Ticks attack all groups of terrestrial vertebrates. In humans they are responsible for many TICK-BORNE DISEASES, including the transmission of ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TULAREMIA; BABESIOSIS; AFRICAN SWINE FEVER; and RELAPSING FEVER. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp543-44)

Members of the class Arachnida, especially SPIDERS; SCORPIONS; MITES; and TICKS; which transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.

Proteins isolated from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.

Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-bodied (Ixodidae) ticks.

Suspensions of attenuated or killed bacteria administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious bacterial disease.

Vaccines or candidate vaccines used to prevent LYME DISEASE.

Lipid-protein complexes involved in the transportation and metabolism of lipids in the body. They are spherical particles consisting of a hydrophobic core of TRIGLYCERIDES and CHOLESTEROL ESTERS surrounded by a layer of hydrophilic free CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and APOLIPOPROTEINS. Lipoproteins are classified by their varying buoyant density and sizes.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

A deep type of gyrate erythema that follows a bite by an ixodid tick; it is a stage-1 manifestation of LYME DISEASE. The site of the bite is characterized by a red papule that expands peripherally as a nonscaling, palpable band that clears centrally. This condition is often associated with systemic symptoms such as chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, backache, and stiff neck.

A genus of the subfamily SIGMODONTINAE consisting of 49 species. Two of these are widely used in medical research. They are P. leucopus, or the white-footed mouse, and P. maniculatus, or the deer mouse.

Nervous system infections caused by tick-borne spirochetes of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP. The disease may affect elements of the central or peripheral nervous system in isolation or in combination. Common clinical manifestations include a lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathy (most often a facial neuropathy), POLYRADICULOPATHY, and a mild loss of memory and other cognitive functions. Less often more extensive inflammation involving the central nervous system (encephalomyelitis) may occur. In the peripheral nervous system, B. burgdorferi infection is associated with mononeuritis multiplex and polyradiculoneuritis. (From J Neurol Sci 1998 Jan 8;153(2):182-91)

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

A protein with a molecular weight of 40,000 isolated from bacterial flagella. At appropriate pH and salt concentration, three flagellin monomers can spontaneously reaggregate to form structures which appear identical to intact flagella.

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

An order of slender, flexuous, helically coiled bacteria, with one or more complete turns in the helix.

A genus of softbacked TICKS, in the family ARGASIDAE, serving as the vector of BORRELIA, causing RELAPSING FEVER, and of the AFRICAN SWINE FEVER VIRUS.

Animate or inanimate sources which normally harbor disease-causing organisms and thus serve as potential sources of disease outbreaks. Reservoirs are distinguished from vectors (DISEASE VECTORS) and carriers, which are agents of disease transmission rather than continuing sources of potential disease outbreaks.

Bacterial, viral, or parasitic diseases transmitted to humans and animals by the bite of infected ticks. The families Ixodidae and Argasidae contain many bloodsucking species that are important pests of man and domestic birds and mammals and probably exceed all other arthropods in the number and variety of disease agents they transmit. Many of the tick-borne diseases are zoonotic.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Arthritis caused by BACTERIA; RICKETTSIA; MYCOPLASMA; VIRUSES; FUNGI; or PARASITES.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus ANAPLASMA, family ANAPLASMATACEAE, formerly called Ehrlichia phagocytophila or Ehrlichia equi. This organism is tick-borne (IXODES) and causes disease in horses and sheep. In humans, it causes human granulocytic EHRLICHIOSIS.

An idiopathic disorder characterized by the loss of filiform papillae leaving reddened areas of circinate macules bound by a white band. The lesions heal, then others erupt.

A mammalian order which consists of 29 families and many genera.

The intergenic DNA segments that are between the ribosomal RNA genes (internal transcribed spacers) and between the tandemly repeated units of rDNA (external transcribed spacers and nontranscribed spacers).

Arthropods, other than insects and arachnids, which transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.

A family of hardbacked TICKS, in the subclass ACARI. Genera include DERMACENTOR and IXODES among others.

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

Variation occurring within a species in the presence or length of DNA fragment generated by a specific endonuclease at a specific site in the genome. Such variations are generated by mutations that create or abolish recognition sites for these enzymes or change the length of the fragment.

A tick-borne disease characterized by FEVER; HEADACHE; myalgias; ANOREXIA; and occasionally RASH. It is caused by several bacterial species and can produce disease in DOGS; CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; HORSES; and humans. The primary species causing human disease are EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; and Ehrlichia ewingii.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Diseases of rodents of the order RODENTIA. This term includes diseases of Sciuridae (squirrels), Geomyidae (gophers), Heteromyidae (pouched mice), Castoridae (beavers), Cricetidae (rats and mice), Muridae (Old World rats and mice), Erethizontidae (porcupines), and Caviidae (guinea pigs).

A family of the order Rodentia containing 250 genera including the two genera Mus (MICE) and Rattus (RATS), from which the laboratory inbred strains are developed. The fifteen subfamilies are SIGMODONTINAE (New World mice and rats), CRICETINAE, Spalacinae, Myospalacinae, Lophiomyinae, ARVICOLINAE, Platacanthomyinae, Nesomyinae, Otomyinae, Rhizomyinae, GERBILLINAE, Dendromurinae, Cricetomyinae, MURINAE (Old World mice and rats), and Hydromyinae.

Small, often pleomorphic, coccoid to ellipsoidal organisms occurring intracytoplasmically in circulating LYMPHOCYTES. They are the etiologic agents of tick-borne diseases of humans; DOGS; CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; and HORSES.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

Diagnostic procedures involving immunoglobulin reactions.

A genus of tick-borne protozoan parasites that infests the red blood cells of mammals, including humans. There are many recognized species, and the distribution is world-wide.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

The articulations between the various TARSAL BONES. This does not include the ANKLE JOINT which consists of the articulations between the TIBIA; FIBULA; and TALUS.

A species of protozoa infecting humans via the intermediate tick vector IXODES scapularis. The other hosts are the mouse PEROMYSCUS leucopus and meadow vole MICROTUS pennsylvanicus, which are fed on by the tick. Other primates can be experimentally infected with Babesia microti.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Invertebrates or non-human vertebrates which transmit infective organisms from one host to another.

An important soluble regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation (COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION PATHWAY, ALTERNATIVE). It is a 139-kDa glycoprotein expressed by the liver and secreted into the blood. It binds to COMPLEMENT C3B and makes iC3b (inactivated complement 3b) susceptible to cleavage by COMPLEMENT FACTOR I. Complement factor H also inhibits the association of C3b with COMPLEMENT FACTOR B to form the C3bB proenzyme, and promotes the dissociation of Bb from the C3bBb complex (COMPLEMENT C3 CONVERTASE, ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY).

Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

A widely distributed genus of TICKS, in the family IXODIDAE, including a number that infest humans and other mammals. Several are vectors of diseases such as TULAREMIA; ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; COLORADO TICK FEVER; and ANAPLASMOSIS.

Endogenous proteins that inhibit or inactivate COMPLEMENT C3B. They include COMPLEMENT FACTOR H and COMPLEMENT FACTOR I (C3b/C4b inactivator). They cleave or promote the cleavage of C3b into inactive fragments, and thus are important in the down-regulation of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION and its cytolytic sequence.

Constituent of 50S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes containing about 3200 nucleotides. 23S rRNA is involved in the initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

Inflammation involving the skin of the extremities, especially the hands and feet. Several forms are known, some idiopathic and some hereditary. The infantile form is called Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.

A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by protozoa of the genus BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.

Created 1 January 1993 as a result of the division of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.

Created 1 January 1993 as a result of the division of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

An order of small, wingless parasitic insects, commonly known as lice. The suborders include ANOPLURA (sucking lice); AMBLYCERA; ISCHNOCERA; and Rhynchophthirina (elephant and warthog lice).

Constituent of the 50S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes containing about 120 nucleotides and 34 proteins. It is also a constituent of the 60S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. 5S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

A method that is used to detect DNA-protein interactions. Proteins are separated by electrophoresis and blotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane similar to Western blotting (BLOTTING, WESTERN) but the proteins are identified when they bind labeled DNA PROBES (as with Southern blotting (BLOTTING, SOUTHERN)) instead of antibodies.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

A subfamily of the family MURIDAE comprised of 69 genera. New World mice and rats are included in this subfamily.

Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

A broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic with a very long half-life and high penetrability to meninges, eyes and inner ears.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

Also known as articulations, these are points of connection between the ends of certain separate bones, or where the borders of other bones are juxtaposed.

The family Cervidae of 17 genera and 45 species occurring nearly throughout North America, South America, and Eurasia, on most associated continental islands, and in northern Africa. Wild populations of deer have been established through introduction by people in Cuba, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and other places where the family does not naturally occur. They are slim, long-legged and best characterized by the presence of antlers. Their habitat is forests, swamps, brush country, deserts, and arctic tundra. They are usually good swimmers; some migrate seasonally. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1362)

Created 7 April 1992 as a result of the division of Yugoslavia.

COUMARINS with an amino group, exemplified by NOVOBIOCIN.

DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.

The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.

A synthetic tetracycline derivative with similar antimicrobial activity.

EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES based on the detection through serological testing of characteristic change in the serum level of specific ANTIBODIES. Latent subclinical infections and carrier states can thus be detected in addition to clinically overt cases.

Change in the surface ANTIGEN of a microorganism. There are two different types. One is a phenomenon, especially associated with INFLUENZA VIRUSES, where they undergo spontaneous variation both as slow antigenic drift and sudden emergence of new strains (antigenic shift). The second type is when certain PARASITES, especially trypanosomes, PLASMODIUM, and BORRELIA, survive the immune response of the host by changing the surface coat (antigen switching). (From Herbert et al., The Dictionary of Immunology, 4th ed)

A name applied to several itchy skin eruptions of unknown cause. The characteristic course is the formation of a dome-shaped papule with a small transient vesicle on top, followed by crusting over or lichenification. (From Dorland, 27th ed)

The species Canis latrans in the family CANIDAE, a smaller relative of WOLVES. It is found in the Western hemisphere from Costa Rica to Alaska.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

A subfamily of MURIDAE found nearly world-wide and consisting of about 20 genera. Voles, lemmings, and muskrats are members.

The science of developing, caring for, or cultivating forests.

Cell-surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate adhesion (BACTERIAL ADHESION) to other cells or to inanimate surfaces. Most fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) of gram-negative bacteria function as adhesins, but in many cases it is a minor subunit protein at the tip of the fimbriae that is the actual adhesin. In gram-positive bacteria, a protein or polysaccharide surface layer serves as the specific adhesin. What is sometimes called polymeric adhesin (BIOFILMS) is distinct from protein adhesin.

The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.

Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.

A whiplike motility appendage present on the surface cells. Prokaryote flagella are composed of a protein called FLAGELLIN. Bacteria can have a single flagellum, a tuft at one pole, or multiple flagella covering the entire surface. In eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmic extensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella have the same basic structure as CILIA but are longer in proportion to the cell bearing them and present in much smaller numbers. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The natural bactericidal property of BLOOD due to normally occurring antibacterial substances such as beta lysin, leukin, etc. This activity needs to be distinguished from the bactericidal activity contained in a patient's serum as a result of antimicrobial therapy, which is measured by a SERUM BACTERICIDAL TEST.

A genus of microorganisms of the order SPIROCHAETALES, many of which are pathogenic and parasitic for man and animals.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.

Diseases of birds not considered poultry, therefore usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. The concept is differentiated from POULTRY DISEASES which is for birds raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption, and usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc.

The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. It contains mucin, albumin, fat, and mineral salts and serves to lubricate joints.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

A method for diagnosing a disease in one organism by inoculating the putative causative organism in a second animal of a different species. It has been used for the detection of parasites (Trypanosoma cruzi and Trichinella spiralis) when peripheral blood smears are negative. (Segen, Current Med Talk, 1995)

Warm-blooded VERTEBRATES possessing FEATHERS and belonging to the class Aves.

A family of the order Rodentia which contains 49 genera. Some of the more common genera are MARMOTA, which includes the marmot and woodchuck; Sciurus, the gray squirrel, S. carolinensis, and the fox squirrel, S. niger; Tamias, the eastern and western chipmunk; and Tamiasciurus, the red squirrel. The flying squirrels, except the scaly-tailed Anomaluridae, also belong to this family.

Porins are protein molecules that were originally found in the outer membrane of GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA and that form multi-meric channels for the passive DIFFUSION of WATER; IONS; or other small molecules. Porins are present in bacterial CELL WALLS, as well as in plant, fungal, mammalian and other vertebrate CELL MEMBRANES and MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANES.

Transfer of immunity from immunized to non-immune host by administration of serum antibodies, or transplantation of lymphocytes (ADOPTIVE TRANSFER).

Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

A plant genus of the family NYMPHAEACEAE. The common name of lotus is also used for LOTUS and NELUMBO.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

A genus of aerobic, helical spirochetes, some species of which are pathogenic, others free-living or saprophytic.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

Organs and other anatomical structures of non-human vertebrate and invertebrate animals.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Animals considered to be wild or feral or not adapted for domestic use. It does not include wild animals in zoos for which ANIMALS, ZOO is available.

A DNA-directed RNA polymerase found in BACTERIA. It is a holoenzyme that consists of multiple subunits including sigma factor 54.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

A family of bacteria which inhabit RED BLOOD CELLS and cause several animal diseases.

A form of fluorescent antibody technique commonly used to detect serum antibodies and immune complexes in tissues and microorganisms in specimens from patients with infectious diseases. The technique involves formation of an antigen-antibody complex which is labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)

A widely distributed order of perching BIRDS, including more than half of all bird species.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

A small leucine-rich proteoglycan that interacts with FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and modifies the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX structure of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. Decorin has also been shown to play additional roles in the regulation of cellular responses to GROWTH FACTORS. The protein contains a single glycosaminoglycan chain and is similar in structure to BIGLYCAN.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA.

A method (first developed by E.M. Southern) for detection of DNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

A family of spiral bacteria of the order SPIROCHAETALES.

A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria often surrounded by a protein microcapsular layer and slime layer. The natural cycle of its organisms generally involves a vertebrate and an invertebrate host. Species of the genus are the etiological agents of human diseases, such as typhus.

A pattern recognition receptor that forms heterodimers with other TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS. It interacts with multiple ligands including PEPTIDOGLYCAN, bacterial LIPOPROTEINS, lipoarabinomannan, and a variety of PORINS.

The causative agent of venereal and non-venereal syphilis as well as yaws.

Inflammatory processes of the muscular walls of the heart (MYOCARDIUM) which result in injury to the cardiac muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). Manifestations range from subclinical to sudden death (DEATH, SUDDEN). Myocarditis in association with cardiac dysfunction is classified as inflammatory CARDIOMYOPATHY usually caused by INFECTION, autoimmune diseases, or responses to toxic substances. Myocarditis is also a common cause of DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY and other cardiomyopathies.

Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)

Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.

A genus of flexible, spiral rods found in hydrogen sulfide-containing mud, sewage, and polluted water. None of the species properly referred to in this genus are pathogenic.

A genus of gram-negative bacteria whose organisms are obligate parasites of vertebrates. Species are transmitted by arthropod vectors with the host range limited to ruminants. Anaplasma marginale is the most pathogenic species and is the causative agent of severe bovine anaplasmosis.

Precursor of plasmin (FIBRINOLYSIN). It is a single-chain beta-globulin of molecular weight 80-90,000 found mostly in association with fibrinogen in plasma; plasminogen activators change it to fibrinolysin. It is used in wound debriding and has been investigated as a thrombolytic agent.

The geographic area of New England in general and when the specific state or states are not indicated. States usually included in this region are Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.

Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals.

Techniques used in studying bacteria.

Any of the DNA in between gene-coding DNA, including untranslated regions, 5' and 3' flanking regions, INTRONS, non-functional pseudogenes, and non-functional repetitive sequences. This DNA may or may not encode regulatory functions.

Genes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which are transcribed to produce the RNA which is incorporated into RIBOSOMES. Prokaryotic rRNA genes are usually found in OPERONS dispersed throughout the GENOME, whereas eukaryotic rRNA genes are clustered, multicistronic transcriptional units.

Species of gram-negative bacteria in the family ANAPLASMATACEAE, causing EHRLICHIOSIS in DOGS. The most common vector is the brown dog tick. It can also cause disease in humans.

Isolation of Lyme disease Borrelia from puffins (Fratercula arctica) and seabird ticks (Ixodes uriae) on the Faeroe Islands. (1/450)

This is the first report on the isolation of Lyme disease Borrelia from seabirds on the Faeroe Islands and the characteristics of its enzootic cycle. The major components of the Borrelia cycle include the puffin (Fratercula arctica) as the reservoir and Ixodes uriae as the vector. The importance of this cycle and its impact on the spread of human Lyme borreliosis have not yet been established. Borrelia spirochetes isolated from 2 of 102 sampled puffins were compared to the borreliae previously obtained from seabird ticks, I. uriae. The rrf-rrl intergenic spacer and the rrs and the ospC genes were sequenced and a series of phylogenetic trees were constructed. Sequence data and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis grouped the strains together with Borrelia garinii. In a seroepidemiological survey performed with residents involved in puffin hunting on the Faeroe Islands, 3 of 81 serum samples were found to be positive by two commonly used clinical tests: a flagellin-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. These three positive serum samples also had high optical density values in a whole-cell ELISA. The finding of seropositive Faeroe Islanders who are regularly exposed to I. uriae indicate that there may be a transfer of B. garinii by this tick species to humans. (+info)

Specific antibodies reactive with the 22-kilodalton major outer surface protein of Borrelia anserina Ni-NL protect chicks from infection. (2/450)

An outer surface lipoprotein of 22 kDa was identified in the avian pathogen Borrelia anserina Ni-NL by using antibody preparations reactive with bacterial surface-exposed proteins. Amino acid sequence analysis of the 22-kDa protein demonstrated 90% identity with VmpA of B. turicatae, suggesting that the protein belongs to the family of 20-kDa outer surface proteins of the genus Borrelia. All of the 60 chicks intramuscularly treated with antibodies specifically reacting with the 22-kDa protein and infected with strain Ni-NL were completely protected from infection, since no spirochetemia was detected, and from death. Control chicks were treated with immune sera raised against apathogenic strain B. anserina Es, which expresses a prominent 20-kDa polypeptide that is also a member of the Vmp family but does not cross-react immunologically with the 22-kDa protein of the Ni-NL strain. These animals, infected with B. anserina Ni-NL, showed a high degree of spirochetemia 10 days after infection, and all died between 14 and 21 days after infection. The results showed that the 22-kDa surface protein of B. anserina Ni-NL is a determinant of the pathogenic potential of the strain and also confirmed that only strain-specific antibodies are protective against B. anserina infection. (+info)

Tick-borne relapsing fever imported from West Africa: diagnosis by quantitative buffy coat analysis and in vitro culture of Borrelia crocidurae. (3/450)

West African tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is difficult to diagnose due to the low number of spirochetes in the bloodstream of patients. Previously, the causative microorganism, Borrelia crocidurae, had never been cultured in vitro. TBRF was rapidly diagnosed for two patients returning from western Africa with fever of unknown origin by quantitative buffy coat (QBC) analysis. Diagnosis was confirmed by intraperitoneal inoculation of blood specimens from patients into laboratory mice. In vitro experiments showed that QBC analysis may be as much as 100-fold more sensitive than thick smear. Spirochetes were also cultured from blood samples from both patients in modified Kelly's medium and were identified as B. crocidurae by partial sequencing of the PCR-amplified rrs gene. (+info)

Short report: Diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever by the quantitative buffy coat fluorescence method. (4/450)

The quantitative buffy coat (QBC) parasite detection method is a sensitive and specific tool for the diagnosis of malaria parasites. It is also useful for the diagnoses of other hemoparasites, including Trypanosoma, Babesia, and Leptospira. We report a case of relapsing fever diagnosed by this technique in a short-term traveler from Senegal. The diagnosis was confirmed by the standard Giemsa hemoscopy and by the identification of significant titers of antibodies to Borrelia spp. of tick-borne relapsing fevers by specific immunofluorescence and Western blot tests. The QBC technique seems to be useful in the diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever in blood samples and should be included in the management of fever in the traveler returning from tropical regions. (+info)

Comparative analysis and immunological characterization of the Borrelia Bdr protein family. (5/450)

Multiple circular and linear plasmids of Lyme disease and relapsing fever Borrelia spirochetes carry genes for members of the Bdr (Borrelia direct repeat) protein family. To define their common and divergent attributes, we first comprehensively compared the known homologs. Bdr proteins with predicted sizes ranging from 10.7 to 30. 6 kDa formed five homology groups, based on variable numbers of short direct repeats in a central domain and diverse N- and C-terminal domains. In a further characterization, Western blots were probed with rabbit antisera raised against either of two purified recombinant Bdr proteins from Borrelia burgdorferi B31. The results showed that antibodies cross-react and several Bdr paralogs 19.5 to 30.5 kDa in size are expressed by cultured strain B31 in a temperature-independent manner. In situ proteolysis, immunofluorescence, and growth inhibition assays indicated that Bdr proteins are not surface exposed. Distinct patterns of cross-reacting proteins of 17.5 to 33 kDa were also detected in other B. burgdorferi, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia afzelii strains as well as in relapsing fever spirochetes Borrelia hermsii and Borrelia turicatae. Last, we examined whether these proteins are antibody targets during Lyme disease. Analysis of 47 Lyme disease patient sera by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays showed that 24 (51%) and 20 (43%), respectively, had detectable antibodies to one or more of the Bdr proteins. Together, these data indicate that Bdr proteins constitute a family of cross-reactive Borrelia proteins which are expressed in the course of Lyme disease and in vitro. (+info)

Identification of a novel strain of Borrelia hermsii in a previously undescribed northern California focus. (6/450)

An epizootiologic investigation testing for the presence of tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes in rodent and tick hosts was conducted at Eagle Lake in Lassen County, California. Six of 211 O. hermsii ticks and none of 180 rodents were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for Borrelia spirochetes. Sequencing of the PCR-amplified flagellin gene fragment suggests that the spirochetes from Eagle Lake represent a previously undescribed strain of Borrelia hermsii. (+info)

Characterization of VspB of Borrelia turicatae, a major outer membrane protein expressed in blood and tissues of mice. (7/450)

Serotypes A and B of the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia turicatae produce different disease manifestations in infected mice. Whereas serotype B causes more severe arthritis and reaches higher densities in the blood of mice than serotype A, serotype A invades the central nervous system earlier than serotype B during infection. These differences between serotypes A and B in mice are associated with the expression of different surface proteins, VspA and VspB, respectively, in the culture medium. To determine whether these proteins, in particular, VspB, are also expressed in vivo, scid mice infected with B. turicatae were studied. The expression of VspB by spirochetes in the blood was demonstrated in Coomassie blue-stained polyacrylamide gels and Western blots with a specific monoclonal antibody. Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase studies confirmed the expression of VspB in the blood and also demonstrated VspB expression in the joints and heart. The gene for VspB was next identified and cloned by using partial amino acid sequencing, reverse transcriptase PCR, and a specific monoclonal antibody. The vspB gene encodes a protein of 216 amino acids that is 68% identical to VspA of B. turicatae and 44 to 56% identical to representative Vsp and OspC lipoproteins of other Borrelia spp. The processed VspB protein was distinguished from 26 other Vsp and OspC proteins by a high predicted isoelectric point at 9.39. The promoter region for vspB was similar to the promoter region for the vsp33 gene of Borrelia hermsii and for the ospC gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, two genes known to be environmentally regulated. These studies established that the virulence-associated VspB protein is expressed by spirochetes in the mouse and that VspB is a novel member of the Vsp-OspC family of proteins. (+info)

Toward the development of antibacterial vaccines: report of a symposium and workshop. Organizing Committee. (8/450)

On 26 and 27 October 1998, the Department of Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), hosted a symposium and workshop on bacterial vaccines. The symposium featured invited speakers who are internationally recognized authorities in their fields and who discussed selected topics related to specific pathogens or specific principles of bacterial vaccine development. The workshop, held on the day following the symposium, brought together the invited speakers and members of the organizing committee, who came from UCSF and the University of California, Berkeley, to discuss 4 specific topics and to define priorities for future vaccine development. Considerable knowledge has been gained from successful and unsuccessful vaccine development efforts, and large gains in knowledge relevant to vaccine development have resulted from studies of basic immunology and microbial pathogenesis. This report summarizes the presentations at the symposium and the discussions of the workshop sessions. (+info)

Other examples are Rickettsia, Buchnera aphidicola, and Borrelia burgdorferi. Small genome size in such species is associated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_genome

Examples of this are seen in Streptococcus pyogenes and Borrelia burgdorferi. It is possible, but uncommon for molecular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clonal_deletion

Sharma, Bijaya; Brown, Autumn V.; Matluck, Nicole E.; Hu, Linden T.; Lewis, Kim (26 May 2015). "Borrelia burgdorferi, the ... Mitomycin C has been shown to have activity against stationary phase persisters caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, a factor in ... "Identification of new compounds with high activity against stationary phase Borrelia burgdorferi from the NCI compound ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitomycins

Recently the bacteria Borrelia andersonii and Borrelia americana have been linked to A. americanum. In 2013, in response to two ... Borrelia burgdorferi) ; J Med Entomol. 1988 September; 25(5):336-9. Harry M. Savage; Marvin S. Godsey Jr.; Amy Lambert; ... Borrelia burgdorferi, has occasionally been isolated from lone star ticks, numerous vector competency tests have demonstrated ... possibly caused by the spirochete Borrelia lonestari). STARI exhibits a rash similar to that caused by Lyme disease, but is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblyomma_americanum

CR3 has also been shown to mediate phagocytosis of the Lyme disease causing bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi, in the absence of ... 2012). "CD14 Cooperates with Complement Receptor 3 to mediate MyD88-Independent Phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi". Proc ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage-1_antigen

Organism: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (bacterium). *Vector: deer tick (Ixodes scapularis (=I. dammini), I. pacificus, I. ... Organisms: Borrelia species such as B. hermsii, B. parkeri, B. duttoni, B. miyamotoi ... In most places in the US, 30-50% of deer ticks will be infected with Borrelia burgdorferi (the agent of Lyme disease). Other ... Relapsing fever (tick-borne relapsing fever, different from Lyme disease due to different Borrelia species and ticks) * ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tick-borne_disease

Willy Burgdorfer discovered Borrelia burgdorferi, the tick-borne bacterium that causes Lyme disease. "Rocky Mountain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_Laboratories

In addition, cat fleas have been found to carry Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, but their ability to ... Teltow GJ, Fournier PV, Rawlings JA (May 1991). "Isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi from arthropods collected in Texas". Am J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctenocephalides_felis

Borrelia burgdorferi). Deer mice serve as reservoir hosts for Sin Nombre virus, which causes Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_reservoir

PPachner, A. R. (1988). "Borrelia burgdorferi in the nervous system: The new "great imitator"". Annals of the New York Academy ... he was noted to have positive serologic tests for Borrelia burgdorferi. Treatment with a 14 day course of intravenous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorexia_nervosa_(differential_diagnoses)

McInerney, James O. (1998-09-01). "Replicational and transcriptional selection on codon usage in Borrelia burgdorferi". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codon_usage_bias

Borrelia burgdorferi, que causa a enfermidade de Lyme, transmitida por insectos.. *Borrelia recurrentis, que causa a febre ... Borrelia. Brevinema. Clevelandina. Cristispira. Diplocalyx. Hollandina. Pillotina. Spirochaeta. Spirosymplokos. Treponema. ... O xenoma de Spirochaetes é moi inusual e consta de cromosomas e plásmidos, e en xéneros como Borrelia os cromosomas son liñais ... Schwan T (1996). "Ticks and Borrelia: model systems for investigating pathogen-arthropod interactions". Infect Agents Dis 5 (3 ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espiroquetas

Eskow E, Rao RV, Mordechai E (Sep 2001). "Concurrent infection of the central nervous system by Borrelia burgdorferi and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartonella

Hugenholtz P, Stackebrandt E (2004). "Reclassification of Sphaerobacter thermophilus from the subclass Sphaerobacteridae in the phylum Actinobacteria to the class Thermomicrobia (emended description) in the phylum Chloroflexi (emended description)". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 54 (Pt 6): 2049-51. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.03028-0. PMID 15545432 ...

https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarai_genus_Bakteria

studied the diversification and epidemiology of endemic bacterial pathogens by using the Borrelia burgdorferi species complex ( ... "Comparative Population Genomics of the Borrelia burgdorferi Species Complex Reveals High Degree of Genetic Isolation among ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_genomics

2004) Borrelia burgdorferi infection in a natural population of Peromyscus leucopus mice: a longitudinal study in an area where ... 2001) Effects of acorn production and mouse abundance on abundance and Borrelia burgdorferi infection prevalence of nymphal ... 1988) The urinary bladder, a consistent source of Borrelia burgdorferi in experimentally infected white-footed mice ( ... 1991) Kinetics of Borrelia burgdorferi dissemination and evolution of disease after intradermal inoculation of mice. Am J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-footed_mouse

... these are long sinuous filamentous structures that can be mistaken for organisms such as Borrelia. If the blood is kept at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_film

... including members of the genus Borrelia notably Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease.[14] Though not forming a ... European Bioinformatics Institute, Karyn's Genomes: Borrelia burgdorferi, part of 2can on the EBI-EMBL database. Retrieved 5 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)

The most common name for this spirochaete is Borrelia burgdorferi, but many different Borrelia species cause Lyme Disease ... Some vector competence studies have been undertaken on Ixodes holocyclus with respect to the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia ... An Australian spirochaete has not been found in humans yet, and may be quite different from Borrelia burgdorferi. Despite ... for the Lyme disease spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi. International Journal Parasitology, 21: 109-11. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixodes_holocyclus

"Replicational and transcriptional selection on codon usage in Borrelia burgdorferi". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95 (18): 10698- ...

https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chargaff_kuralları

Borrelia-bakteeri kykenee muuntautumaan helposti, Jyväskülä ülikool. *↑ Professional Guide to Diseases, 9th Edition, lk 139-140 ... Lyme'i tõbi ehk Lyme'i borrelioos ehk puukborrelioos on nakkushaigus mida põhjustavad mõned borreelia (Borrelia) perekonna ... Kuna borrelia spiroheedid liiguvad ka vere kaudu (spiroheteemia), siis on tõenäoline, et borrelioosinakkus kandub nabavääti ... Dylan Haenel, Eva Sapi Ph.D., Antimicrobial effects of lactoferrin and cannabidiol on Borrelia burgdorferi, veebiversioon ( ...

https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme'i_tõbi

Ticks, their hosts, and Borrelia burgdorferi on the outer banks of North Carolina. Pp. 7-8 in Apperson, C.S., Levine, J.F. and ... Tick-host associations and maintenance of Borrelia burgdorferi in Virginia. Pp. 8-9 in Apperson, C.S., Levine, J.F. and Snoddy ... Reservoir competence of rice rat and lizards for the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Pp. 11-13 in Apperson, C.S ... Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from coastal Virginia. Journal of Medical Entomology 28(5):668-674. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_parasites_of_the_marsh_rice_rat

However, was later disproved in 1982 by microbiologist Willy Burgdorfer, who correctly identified the Borrelia burgdorferi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Malawista

Borrelia burgdorferi spirochaetes shown by dark-field microscopy. Rails can be infected with this bacterial species, which can ... and the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, carried by Ixodes ticks, which is also a human pathogen causing Lyme disease.[63] Three ... "Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Chlamydophila psittaci in throat and cloacal swabs from birds migrating ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_Rail

"Borrelia burgdorferi central nervous system infection presenting as an organic schizophrenialike disorder". Biol. Psychiatry ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychosis?wprov=sfla1

"Borrelia burgdorferi central nervous system infection presenting as an organic schizophrenialike disorder". 1999년 3월 15일.. ...

https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/이인증

In the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, the cause of Lyme disease, the surface lipoprotein VlsE can undergo recombination which ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigenic_variation

Kawabata M, Kubo N, Arashima Y, Yoshida M, Kawano K (1991). "[Serodiagnosis of Lyme disease by ELISA using Borrelia burgdorferi ...

https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/एनोरेक्सिया_नर्वोज़ा

... which is caused by Borrelia bacteria. Straus started to research what is now known as chronic fatigue syndrome in 1979. Working ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Straus

March 2007). "Detection of Borrelia garinii, Borrelia tanukii and Borrelia sp. closely related to Borrelia valaisiana in Ixodes ... "Homogeneity of Borrelia japonica and heterogeneity of Borrelia afzelii and 'Borrelia tanukii' isolated in Japan, determined ... Fukunaga M, Hamase A, Okada K, Nakao M (1996). "Borrelia tanukii sp. nov. and Borrelia turdae sp. nov. found from ixodid ticks ... NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia tanukii" at the Encyclopedia of Life v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_tanukii

Borrelia miyamotoi: More Lessons on Disease Discovery. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159:648. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-159-9-201311050- ... Readers may be interested to know that my colleagues and I discovered Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes scapularis ticks more than ...

http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/1763237/borrelia-miyamotoi-more-lessons-disease-discovery

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a diverse bacterial group with a worldwide distribution of 20 named and 1 unnamed ... Updates on Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex respect to public health. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2011;2:123-128.. 2. Pritt BS ... A new Borrelia species discovered in BC ticks. BCMJ, Vol. 58, No. 10, December, 2016, Page(s) 585 - BCCDC.. ... A new Borrelia species discovered in BC ticks. BCMJ, Vol. 58, No. 10, December, 2016, Page(s) 585 - BCCDC.. ...

https://bcmj.org/bccdc/new-borrelia-species-discovered-bc-ticks

The bite of the Ixodes tick species is responsible for transmitting Borrelia miyamotoi, just as it is responsible for Lyme ... Borrelia Miyamotoi. Overview. Borrelia miyamotoi was discovered in 1995 in Japan, but didnt make an appearance in North ... The specific Borrelia miyamotoi test can be extremely helpful in a case where the patient has no rash, a negative western blot ... The bite of the Ixodes tick species is responsible for transmitting Borrelia miyamotoi, just as it is responsible for Lyme ...

https://www.columbia-lyme.org/borrelia-miyamotoi

Multilocus sequence analysis of Borrelia bissettii strains from North America reveals a new Borrelia species, Borrelia ... Multilocus sequence analysis of Borrelia bissettii strains from North America reveals a new Borrelia species, Borrelia ... Multilocus sequence analysis of Borrelia bissettii strains from North America reveals a new Borrelia species, Borrelia ...

https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/860191

Borrelia sensu lato are etiological agents of Lyme disease, which is transmitted to humans and to domestic and wild... ... Delineation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii sp. nov. and VS 461 associated with Lyme borreliosis. Inst ... Search for Borrelia sp. in Ticks Collected from Potential Reservoirs in an Urban Forest Reserve in the State of Mato Grosso do ... or Borrelia sp. primers) of DNA from cultures containing spirochete-like structures from ticks and mammals, and also from blood ...

http://memorias-old.ioc.fiocruz.br/issues/past-issues/item/2355-search-for-borrelia-sp-in-ticks-collected-from-potential-reservoirs-in-an-urban-forest-reserve-in-the-state-of-mato-grosso-do-sul-brazil-a-short-report

Borrelia sp. phylogenetically different from Lyme disease- and relapsing fever-related Borrelia spp. in Amblyomma varanense ...

https://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1186/s13071-016-1629-8

The combination of antigens used in both Borrelia assays detect antibodies directed against the different Borrelia species, ... Borrelia recombinant IgG ELISA and Borrelia recombinant IgM ELISA. ... Borrelia recombinant IgG ELISA and Borrelia recombinant IgM ELISA. The combination of antigens used in both Borrelia assays ... Borrelia recombinant IgG ELISA and Borrelia recombinant IgM ELISA. The combination of antigens used in both Borrelia assays ...

http://www.bmgrp.com/index.php?id=217

March 2007). "Detection of Borrelia garinii, Borrelia tanukii and Borrelia sp. closely related to Borrelia valaisiana in Ixodes ... "Homogeneity of Borrelia japonica and heterogeneity of Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia tanukii isolated in Japan, determined ... Fukunaga M, Hamase A, Okada K, Nakao M (1996). "Borrelia tanukii sp. nov. and Borrelia turdae sp. nov. found from ixodid ticks ... NCBI Taxonomy Browser - Borrelia "Borrelia tanukii" at the Encyclopedia of Life v t e. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_tanukii

Borrelia recurrentis (Louse borne relapsing fever). *Borrelia hermsii/Borrelia duttoni/Borrelia parkeri (Tick borne relapsing ... The major Borrelia species causing Lyme disease are Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia afzelii, and Borrelia garinii. ... Borrelia brasiliensis ♦ Davis 1952. *Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson et al. 1984 emend. Baranton et al. 1992 (Lyme disease ... Borrelia is a genus of bacteria of the spirochete phylum.[1] It causes borreliosis, a zoonotic, vector-borne disease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia

Benach[All Fields] AND ("borrelia"[MeSH Terms] OR "borrelia"[All Fields]). Search. ... Lipid exchange between Borrelia burgdorferi and host cells.. Crowley JT, Toledo AM, LaRocca TJ, Coleman JL, London E, Benach JL ... The loss and gain of marginal zone and peritoneal B cells is different in response to relapsing fever and Lyme disease Borrelia ... Borrelia burgdorferi - morphological structure and motility as adaptation for transmission and survival in the habitat of a ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Benach+and+borrelia

Showing results for barthold sw and borrelia. Your search for bartold SW and borrelia retrieved no results. ... Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto and Borrelia garinii alters the course of murine Lyme borreliosis. ... barthold sw[Author] AND ("borrelia"[MeSH Terms] OR "borrelia"[All Fields]). Search. ... Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi following antibiotic treatment in mice.. Hodzic E, Feng S, Holden K, Freet KJ, Barthold SW. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=bartold+SW+and+borrelia

Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia afzelii from serum and plasma specimens. ... Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted by the bite of infected Ixodes ticks, the disease if left untreated can cause ... the Sofia 2 Fluorescent Immunoassay Analyzer for the rapid differential detection of human IgM and IgG antibodies to Borrelia ...

https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Borrelia+burgdorferi

Detection of Borrelia miyamotoi and other tick-borne pathogens in human clinical specimens and Ixodes scapularis ticks in New ... Borrelia miyamotoi disease, sometimes called hard tick relapsing fever, has been reported as the cause of human infection in ... Borrelia miyamotoi disease in the northeastern United States: a case series. Ann Intern Med 2015 Jul 21;163(2):91-8. ... Borrelia miyamotoi infection presenting as human granulocytic anaplasmosis: a case report. Ann Intern Med 2013 Jul 2;159(1):21- ...

https://www.cdc.gov/ticks/tickbornediseases/borrelia-miyamotoi.html

... (de Buen 1926) Steinhaus 1946. › Spirochaeta hispanica. › no culture available. ...

http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/40835

... show up as Borrelia in a LabCorp test. It was to my understanding my first LabCorp test only needed a 20 pos. count and I had ... for Borrelia.. I was still Pos For Borrelia after 4 months When my LLMD tested. ... for Borrelia.. I wonder why that MD said it was RMSF after he said I had Lyme For 4 wks before test came back then changed to ... Can rickettsia ( RMSF ) show up as Borrelia in a LabCorp test.. It was to my understanding my first LabCorp test only needed a ...

https://www.dailystrength.org/group/lyme-disease/discussion/borrelia-rickettsia

you get borrelia mayamotoi from blacklegged ticks in the northeast and upper midwest. you may have joint pain along with ... How can you get Borrelia mayamotoi from ticks?. ANSWER You get Borrelia mayamotoi from blacklegged ticks in the Northeast and ...

https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/qa/how-can-you-get-borrelia-mayamotoi-from-ticks

Transgenic Expression of RecA of the Spirochetes Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia hermsii in Escherichia coli Revealed ... Borrelia burgdorferi SpoVG DNA- and RNA-Binding Protein Modulates the Physiology of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Christina R. ... A Surface-Exposed Region of a Novel Outer Membrane Protein (P66) of Borrelia spp. Is Variable in Size and Sequence Jonas ... Differential Telomere Processing by Borrelia Telomere Resolvases In Vitro but Not In Vivo Yvonne Tourand, Troy Bankhead, Sandra ...

https://jb.asm.org/keyword/borrelia

Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi. It is known as a spirochete because of its long, corkscrew ... Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi. It is known as a spirochete because of its long, corkscrew ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/1427.htm

What is Borrelia mayonii?. Borrelia mayonii are a type of bacteria recently found in North America that can cause Lyme disease ... What you need to know about Borrelia mayonii. ... Borrelia burgdorferi (North America, Europe). *B. afzelii ( ...

https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/mayonii/index.html

... ,ARUP Laboratories is a national reference laboratory and a worldwide leader in innovative ... ImmunoDOT Borrelia DotBlot G Test. 2. ImmunoWELL Borrelia (Lyme) Test. 3. ImmunoDOT Borrelia DotBlot M Test. 4. ImmunoDOT ... Borrelia burgdorferi Antibodies, Totalby ELISA. 8. Borrelia burgdorferi Antibody, IgG by Western Blot (CSF). 9. Borrelia ... Borrelia burgdorferi Antibodies,Total by ELISA with Reflex to IgG & IgM by Western Blot (Early Disease). 11. Borrelia ...

http://www.bio-medicine.org/medicine-products/Borrelia-hermsii-Antibody-Panel--IFA-21842-1/

Entry: Borrelia_P83. LinkDB: Borrelia_P83 Original site: Borrelia_P83 All links ... GF ID Borrelia_P83 #=GF AC PF05262.12 #=GF DE Borrelia P83/100 protein #=GF AU Moxon SJ;0000-0003-4644-1816 #=GF SE Pfam-B_6712 ... This family consists of several Borrelia P83/P100 antigen #=GF CC proteins. #=GF SQ 50 #=GS A0A1T4KP16_9SPIO/27-503 AC ...

https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?pfam:Borrelia_P83

NAME: Borrelia burgdorferi SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Lyme disease, Lyme borreliosis, relapsing fever, Erythema migrans (EM) ...

https://www.msdsonline.com/resources/sds-resources/free-safety-data-sheet-index/borrelia-burgdorferi/

Borrelia burgdorferi genes selectively expressed in the infected host. K Suk, S Das, W Sun, B Jwang, S W Barthold, R A Flavell ... Borrelia burgdorferi genes selectively expressed in the infected host. K Suk, S Das, W Sun, B Jwang, S W Barthold, R A Flavell ... Borrelia burgdorferi genes selectively expressed in the infected host. K Suk, S Das, W Sun, B Jwang, S W Barthold, R A Flavell ... Borrelia burgdorferi genes selectively expressed in the infected host Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/92/10/4269?ijkey=0d1e4d6026bc0b7a59b0a550a7c9f55af5ab2540&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Antibodies to Borrelia turicatae in Experimentally Infected Dogs Cross-React with Borrelia burgdorferi Serologic Assays Tick- ... borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is caused by several Borrelia spp. (including Borrelia turicatae), which are primarily transmitted ... Diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is challenging, as long as Borrelia-specific intrathecal antibodies are not yet ... Serological Diagnostics of Lyme Borreliosis: Comparison of Universal and Borrelia Species-Specific Tests Based on Whole-Cell ...

https://jcm.asm.org/keyword/borrelia-burgdorferi-3

Characterization of Borrelia burgdorferiBlyA and BlyB Proteins: a Prophage-Encoded Holin-Like System Christopher J. Damman, ... Transduction by φBB-1, a Bacteriophage ofBorrelia burgdorferi Christian H. Eggers, Betsy J. Kimmel, James L. Bono, Abdallah F. ... Altered Stationary-Phase Response in aBorrelia burgdorferi rpoS Mutant Abdallah F. Elias, James L. Bono, James A. Carroll, ... Efficient Targeted Mutagenesis inBorrelia burgdorferi James L. Bono, Abdallah F. Elias, John J. Kupko, Brian Stevenson, Kit ...

https://jb.asm.org/keyword/borrelia-burgdorferi-group

... several Borrelia species (relapsing fever), Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Leptospira interrogans (leptospirosis), ... Borrelia burgdorferi periplasmic flagella have both skeletal and motility functions. Mohammed Abdul Motaleb, Linda Corum, James ... Borrelia burgdorferi periplasmic flagella have both skeletal and motility functions. Mohammed Abdul Motaleb, Linda Corum, James ... Borrelia burgdorferi periplasmic flagella have both skeletal and motility functions Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/97/20/10899?ijkey=bcebb854406bfc55c534bdfbd2767fde5dc062f6&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Biofilm formation by Borrelia species might play an important role in their survival in diverse environmental conditions by ... We studied Borrelia burgdorferi for several known hallmark features of biofilm, including structural rearrangements in the ... Our results also demonstrated that Borrelia burgdorferi is capable of developing aggregates on different abiotic and biotic ... In summary, we have found substantial evidence that Borrelia burgdorferi is capable of forming biofilm in vitro. ...

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0048277

Lyme disease is usually carried by the black-legged tick Ixodes scapularis. This duplex qPCR tests for both Borrelia burgdorferi & Anaplasma phagocytophilum. ...

https://www.uoguelph.ca/ahl/services/borrelia-burgdorferi-and-anaplasma-phagocytophilum-pcr

This review discusses the current literature on mammalian coinfection with B. microti and Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative ... Keywords: Babesia; Borrelia; Babesiosis; Lyme disease; coinfection; tick-borne pathogens Babesia; Borrelia; Babesiosis; Lyme ... Parveen, N.; Bhanot, P. Babesia microti-Borrelia burgdorferi Coinfection. Pathogens 2019, 8, 117. ... This review discusses the current literature on mammalian coinfection with B. microti and Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/8/3/117/xml

During the pathogenesis of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi spreads hematogenously from the site of a tick bite to several ... Using cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, we found that Borrelia burgdorferi bound to the endothelial cells and to ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/114615/scanned-page/1643

Lyme Disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, Real-time PCR. TEST: 138685 Test number copied ... This assay is intended to be used as an aid to the diagnosis of infections caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the ...

https://www.labcorp.com/test-menu/30696/lyme-disease-iborrelia-burgdorferi-i-real-time-pcr

Antibodies »Borrelia »Molecules »Protein »Umeå University in Sweden »Wittung-Stafshede »borrelia bacteria »function »jack-in- ... Further reports about: , Antibodies , Borrelia , Molecules , Protein , Umeå University in Sweden , Wittung-Stafshede , borrelia ... Reason for bodys response to borrelia discovered. 07.10.2008. Inside a cell it is so crowded that a certain protein from ... Congestion in the cell environment forces the protein V1sE, which exists in borrelia bacteria, to change shape. Like a jack-in- ...

http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/life-sciences/reason-body-039-s-response-borrelia-discovered-119738.html

Lyme Disease, Borrelia burgdorferi C6 Antigen With Reflex to Western Blot. TEST: 015400 Test number copied ... Aid in the diagnosis of acute and later stages of infections by Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete associated with Lyme ...

https://www.labcorp.com/test-menu/30686/lyme-disease-iborrelia-burgdorferi-i-c6-antigen-with-reflex-to-western-blot

Borrelia garinii ATCC ® 51383™ Designation: CIP 103362 TypeStrain=True Application: Emerging infectious disease research Vector ... Delineation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii sp. nov., and group VS461 associated with Lyme borreliosis ... Borrelia garinii Baranton et al. (ATCC® 51383™) Strain Designations: CIP 103362 / Type Strain: yes / Biosafety Level: 2 ...

https://www.atcc.org/products/all/51383.aspx

encoded search term (What is the global distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi (B burgdorferi) (Lyme disease)?) and What is the ... What is the global distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi (B burgdorferi) (Lyme disease)?. Updated: Jul 16, 2019 ... global distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi (B burgdorferi) (Lyme disease)? What to Read Next on Medscape. Related Conditions ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/232915-10772/what-is-the-global-distribution-of-borrelia-burgdorferi-b-burgdorferi-lyme-disease

Keywords: Borrelia burgdorferi; Lyme disease; cultivation; dissemination; erythema migrans; incidence of Lyme borreliosis; ... Early dissemination of Borrelia burgdorferi without generalized symptoms in patients with erythema migrans ...

http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mksg/apm/2001/00000109/00000009/art09903

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a diverse bacterial group with a worldwide distribution of 20 named and 1 unnamed genospecies. (bcmj.org)
Updates on Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex respect to public health. (bcmj.org)

The bite of the Ixodes tick species is responsible for transmitting Borrelia miyamotoi, just as it is responsible for Lyme disease, babesiosis, and anaplasmosis. (columbia-lyme.org)

Borrelia miyamotoi was discovered in 1995 in Japan, but didn't make an appearance in North America until 2013. (columbia-lyme.org)
While Lyme transmission occurs through the bite of a nymph or adult tick, it has been shown experimentally that the tick larvae can transmit Borrelia miyamotoi. (columbia-lyme.org)
There are both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibody tests for Borrelia miyamotoi that are offered at specialty labs. (columbia-lyme.org)
The specific Borrelia miyamotoi test can be extremely helpful in a case where the patient has no rash, a negative western blot, but presents with flu-like symptoms. (columbia-lyme.org)
It has been reported that occasionally a patient with Borrelia miyamotoi will test falsely positive on the Lyme C6 Peptide ELISA. (columbia-lyme.org)
There is no spinal fluid antibody assay for Borrelia miyamotoi. (columbia-lyme.org)

phylogenetically different from Lyme disease- and relapsing fever-related Borrelia spp. (crossref.org)

Borrelia burgdorferi the causative agent of Lyme disease (borreliosis) magnified 400 times. (wikipedia.org)
Of the 52 known species of Borrelia , 12 [ citation needed ] are known to cause Lyme disease or borreliosis and are transmitted by ticks. (wikipedia.org)
The major Borrelia species causing Lyme disease are Borrelia burgdorferi , Borrelia afzelii , and Borrelia garinii . (wikipedia.org)
Hypercholesterolemia and ApoE deficiency result in severe infection with Lyme disease and relapsing-fever Borrelia . (nih.gov)
Disruption of bbe02 by Insertion of a Luciferase Gene Increases Transformation Efficiency of Borrelia burgdorferi and Allows Live Imaging in Lyme Disease Susceptible C3H Mice. (nih.gov)
Borrelia miyamotoi disease, sometimes called hard tick relapsing fever, has been reported as the cause of human infection in the Upper Midwest, the Northeast, and the mid-Atlantic states, in places where Lyme disease occurs. (cdc.gov)
Unlike Lyme disease, which is most common in June and July, Borrelia miyamotoi infection occurs most commonly in July and August and may be spread by larval blacklegged ticks. (cdc.gov)
It is now one of the fastest growing infectious diseases in the U.S. Lyme disease is caused by infection with the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria, and is primarily transmitted to humans as well as dogs, horses and other domesticated animals by the bite of infected ticks. (dailystrength.org)
Also, it seems like they're trying to make it sound like Borrelia and Lyme are two different things but they're not. (dailystrength.org)
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium called Borrelia burgdorferi . (medlineplus.gov)
Borrelia burgdorferi is a spirochete bacteria that causes Lyme disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Borrelia mayonii are a type of bacteria recently found in North America that can cause Lyme disease. (cdc.gov)
Differential screening of a Borrelia burgdorferi (the Lyme disease agent) expression library identified a gene (p21) encoding a 20.7-kDa antigen that reacted with antibodies in serum from actively infected mice but not serum from mice immunized with heat-killed B. burgdorferi. (pnas.org)
Diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is challenging, as long as Borrelia -specific intrathecal antibodies are not yet detectable. (asm.org)
In this paper, we show that the morphology of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the result of a complex interaction between the cell cylinder and the internal periplasmic flagella. (pnas.org)
This phylum contains many medically important bacteria including Treponema pallidum (syphilis), several Borrelia species (relapsing fever), Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), Leptospira interrogans (leptospirosis), Brachyspira sp. (pnas.org)
This review discusses the current literature on mammalian coinfection with B. microti and Borrelia burgdorferi , the causative agent Lyme disease. (mdpi.com)
During the pathogenesis of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi spreads hematogenously from the site of a tick bite to several tissues throughout the body. (jci.org)
138685: Lyme Disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, Real. (labcorp.com)
This assay is intended to be used as an aid to the diagnosis of infections caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease in the United States. (labcorp.com)
015400: Lyme Disease, Borrelia burgdorferi C6. (labcorp.com)
Aid in the diagnosis of acute and later stages of infections by Borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete associated with Lyme disease. (labcorp.com)
What is the global distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi (B burgdorferi) (Lyme disease)? (medscape.com)
A case of a female patient suffering from Lyme arthritis (LA) without elevated antibody levels to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is reported. (springer.com)
Seronegative Lyme arthritis was diagnosed based on the classic clinical manifestations and DNA-detected Borrelia garinii in blood and synovial fluid of the patient, after all other possible causes of the disease had been ruled out. (springer.com)
Borrelia burgdorferi is a spirochete and the cause of Lyme disease, a tick transmitted illness of humans and animals. (abcam.com)
To assess Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (the cause of Lyme during 2008-2011. (cdc.gov)
The genome of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi B31, the aetiologic agent of Lyme disease, contains a linear chromosome of 910,725 base pairs and at least 17 linear and circular plasmids with a combined size of more than 533,000 base pairs. (nih.gov)
Lyme disease is a tick-transmitted infection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. (prohealth.com)
Remel ImmunoDOT Borrelia is an EIA membrane test used for the qualitative detection of Borrelia burgdorferi IgA, IgG, IgM and Anti-P39 antibodies for the diagnosis of Lyme disease. (thermofisher.com)
Outer surface protein C (OspC) is a major antigen on the surface of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, when it is being transmitted to humans. (rcsb.org)
The causative agents of Lyme borreliosis, spirochetes belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group, have developed several ways to protect themselves against killing by the host complement system. (nature.com)
The causative agents of Lyme borreliosis (LB), spirochetes belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group, are transmitted by Ixodes ticks 1 . (nature.com)
The various species of Borrelia are known to humans in the form of Lyme disease and recurring fever, transmitted through tick or flea bite. (kenyon.edu)
The discovery of a novel species of Borrelia bacteria in ticks on echidnas is exciting Lyme disease activists in Australia but whether it causes disease or not is so far unknown. (mydr.com.au)
Australia does not have Borrelia burgdorferi , the species of bacteria which causes Lyme disease in the US and Europe but does have 3 other kinds of borreliae. (mydr.com.au)
To determine the background levels and specificity of antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi by Western blot (immunoblot) in an area nonendemic for Lyme disease, and to correlate antibody specificity with clinical or serologic findings. (nih.gov)
The outer surface protein, OspC, is highly variable in Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto , the agent of Lyme disease. (genetics.org)
1985. Chemical and biological characterization of a lipopolysaccharide extracted from the Lyme disease spirochete, ( Borrelia burgdorferi ). (aldf.com)
1987. Absence of lipopolysaccharide in the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi . (aldf.com)
The Lyme disease IgG ELISA Kit is intended for the measurement of IgG antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in a sample. (mpbio.com)
A specific species of bacteria, part of the BORRELIA BURGDORFERI GROUP, whose common name is Lyme disease spirochete. (harvard.edu)
T-Helper 17 Cell Cytokine Responses in Lyme Disease Correlate With Borrelia burgdorferi Antibodies During Early Infection and With Autoantibodies Late in the Illness in Patients With Antibiotic-Refractory Lyme Arthritis. (harvard.edu)
Lyme disease and relapsing fever are two diseases that are caused by Borrelia bacteria. (sciencephoto.com)
Lyme-borreliose er en flåttoverført sykdom forårsaket av Borrelia burgdorferi. (tidsskriftet.no)
The invention relates to novel antigens associated with Borrelia burgdorferi which are exported (or shed) in vivo and whose detection is a means of diagnosing Lyme disease. (freepatentsonline.com)
The present invention relates to novel antigens associated with Borrelia burgdorferi, antibodies that are raised against the antigens and the use of the antibodies to diagnose Lyme disease and for immune capture and cultivation of microorganisms. (freepatentsonline.com)
Since the demonstration of Borrelia burgdorferi as the infectious agent of Lyme borreliosis (Burdorfer, W. et at. (freepatentsonline.com)
Borrelia miyamotoi occurs in the world's northern hemisphere where it co-circulates with B. burgdorferi sensu lato, which causes Lyme disease. (eurosurveillance.org)
Borrelia miyamotoi infections are treated with antimicrobials according to regimes used for Lyme disease. (eurosurveillance.org)
Of the 36 known species of Borrelia, 12 are distinguished to cause Lyme disease or borreliosis and are transmitted by ticks. (prospecbio.com)
Borrelia recurrentis characterization and comparison with relapsing-fever, Lyme-associated, and other Borrelia spp. (thefreedictionary.com)
The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia ( Borreliella ) burgdorferi must tolerate nutrient stress to persist in the tick phase of its enzootic life cycle. (frontiersin.org)
The bacterial agent Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease, a debilitating inflammatory disease and a major public health issue in the United States and around the world. (ku.edu)
The 41 kD flagellin of Borrelia burgdorferi (B. burgdorferi) is a major component of periplasmic flagellar filament core and a good candidate for serodiagnosis in early stage of Lyme disease. (hindawi.com)
There continues to be high interest in the Lyme community about the recently available Borrelia culture blood test. (lymedisease.org)
Advanced Laboratory Services Inc. has developed a revolutionary new blood test for the detection of Borrelia spirochetes that clearly will change how Lyme Disease is diagnosed and treated. (lymedisease.org)
Lyme Disease, an infectious disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), is the most prevalent vector-borne disease, and fastest growing infectious disease in this country, surpassing even HIV/AIDS. (lymedisease.org)
The available serologic tests for Lyme are indirect tests- because they measure antibody levels and not the bacteria themselves, they do not indicate whether an infection with Borrelia is currently present. (lymedisease.org)
Unfortunately, Because Lyme Borrelia are symbionts, meaning that they need a living host to survive, trying to get them to thrive in vitro has been a nearly impossible task. (lymedisease.org)
Borrelia burgdorferi is the etiological agent of Lyme disease, a multisystemic, multistage, inflammatory infection resulting in patients experiencing cardiac, neurological, and arthritic complications when not treated with antibiotics shortly after exposure. (frontiersin.org)
Lyme disease, the leading tick-borne infection in the United States, occurs in multiple stages and is a multisystemic disease due to the etiologic agent Borrelia burgdorferi ( 1 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria cause Lyme disease. (brighamandwomens.org)
A positive result means that Borrelia antibodies were found and that you may have Lyme disease. (brighamandwomens.org)
A tick-borne, multisystemic disease, Lyme borreliosis caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi has grown into a major public health problem during the last 10 years. (townsendletter.com)
Borrelia burgdorferi, the primary causative agent of Lyme disease, is a spirochetal bacterium that can adopt different inactive forms, such as cystic and granular forms (round bodies), as well as colonylike aggregates both in vivo and in vitro, in the presence of unfavorable conditions such as exposure to the antibiotics commonly used for treating Lyme borreliosis. (townsendletter.com)
Lyme Borreliosis is an infectious disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi that is transmitted through the bite of infected ticks. (mdpi.com)
Using interferon-g as a biomarker, we developed a new enzyme-linked immunospot method (iSpot Lyme™) to detect Borrelia antigen-specific effector/memory T cells that were activated in vivo by exposing them to recombinant Borrelia antigens ex vivo . (mdpi.com)
A comprehensive evaluation of the T cell response to Borrelia infection should, therefore, provide new insights into the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of Lyme disease. (mdpi.com)
This study will evaluate Advanced Laboratory Services Borrelia diagnostic test by culturing Borrelia spirochetes from human serum in subjects with early or late Lyme disease. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Lyme disease refers to the body's immune response to the bacterial infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. (healthhype.com)
Lyme arthritis synovial fluid contains a large proportion of γδ T cells that proliferates upon stimulation with the causative spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi . (jimmunol.org)
A panel of Borrelia -reactive γδ T cell clones was derived from synovial fluid of two patients with Lyme arthritis. (jimmunol.org)
Borrelia is responsible for causing the Lyme disease. (medical-wiki.com)
Many species of borrelia cause Lyme disease. (medical-wiki.com)
The Lyme disease or the recurring fever that is caused due to borrelia mainly occur due to a tick or a flee bite. (medical-wiki.com)

The PA1-73006 antibody reacts with Borrelia burgdorferi. (fishersci.com)

Congestion in the cell environment forces the protein V1sE, which exists in borrelia bacteria, to change shape. (innovations-report.com)
Oslo University biologists Morten Laane and Ivar Mysterud have discovered a method to identify Borrelia bacteria in the blood samples of patients, many of them seriously or chronically ill. (change.org)
Their experiments show that virtually all Borrelia bacteria are capable of changing into cyst forms within an hour and that antibiotic medication is then unable to destroy them. (change.org)
The Norwegian health service believes that a four-week course of antibiotics should be enough to kill all Borrelia bacteria in the body, but it is not that simple, according to the two biologists. (phys.org)
Species in the genus borrelia are highly specialized, spiral-shaped, two-membrane bacteria that have two flagella. (kenyon.edu)
Borrelia bacteria (Borrelia sp. (sciencephoto.com)
Relapsing fever (RF) is a disease caused by tick- or louse-transmitted bacteria of the genus Borrelia. (openthesis.org)

spirochetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l. (cdc.gov)
Borrelia spirochetes have developed strate gies to evade the mammalian host immune system. (medworm.com)
In North America, this zoonosis is associated with 3 species of spirochetes, but most human cases are caused by Borrelia hermsii , which is found in scattered foci in the western United States and southern British Columbia, Canada (5,6). (thefreedictionary.com)
A case of TBRF was defined as laboratory-confirmed borreliosis (growth of Borrelia hermsii in blood culture or visualization of spirochetes on Giemsa- or Wright-stained peripheral blood smear) in a person who attended the gathering and had a fever. (thefreedictionary.com)

Comparative molecular analyses of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strains B31 and N40D10/E9 and determination of their pathogenicity. (nih.gov)
Delineation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii sp. (atcc.org)
The kit provides all necessary reagents optimized for reliable detection and quantitation of DNA of all members of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato including Borrelia species that are pathogenic for humans ( B. burgdorferi sensu stricto , B. garinii , and B. afzelii ). (qiagen.com)
This kit utilizes Borrelia sensu stricto ATCC 35211 complete antigen. (mpbio.com)
Cerar T, Strle F, Stupica D, Ruzic-Sabljic E, McHugh G, Steere AC, Strle K. Differences in Genotype, Clinical Features, and Inflammatory Potential of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto Strains from Europe and the United States. (harvard.edu)
Comparative molecular analyses of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. (isaude.net)
This master thesis is focusing on the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex, which is the causative agent of LB. Today, the B. burgdorferi s.l. complex consists of 20 different genotypes, in which three (B. afzelii, B. garinii and B. burgdorferi sensu stricto) are commonly known as human pathogens. (uio.no)

Borrelia afzelii Canica et al. (atcc.org)
For highest specificity, validation of the artus Borrelia LC PCR Kit was carried out using various Borrelia species, including B. burgdorferi , B. garinii , B. afzelii , B. valaisiana , B. hermsii , and related pathogens. (qiagen.com)

Detection of Borrelia garinii, Borrelia tanukii and Borrelia sp. (wikipedia.org)
Borrelia garinii Baranton et al. (atcc.org)
Six months after the therapy, arthritis still persisted and DNA of Borrelia garinii was repeatedly detected in the synovial fluid and the tissue of the patient. (springer.com)

1999. Inflammatory signaling by Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins is mediated by Toll-like receptor-2. (aldf.com)

0%) Head lice only 1807001 0 0 1907001 0 0 Total 0 0 Borrelia recurrentis Patient no. (thefreedictionary.com)
and Borrelia recurrentis , the agent of louseborne recurrent fever (1). (thefreedictionary.com)
Using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing, we investigated the prevalence of Rickettsia prowazekii, Bartonella quintana, and Borrelia recurrentis in 841 body lice collected from various countries. (thefreedictionary.com)
quintana, and relapsing fever caused by Borrelia recurrentis (1-3). (thefreedictionary.com)
Borrelia recurrentis - epidemic reccurent fever Borrelia species. (slideserve.com)
The three varieties of borrelia are: borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia lonestari and borrelia recurrentis. (medical-wiki.com)
The other variety of borrelia , the borrelia recurrentis is transmitted by human louse. (medical-wiki.com)

The Borrelia genus members have a linear chromosome which is about 900 kbp in length as well as an excess of both linear and circular plasmids in the 5-220 kbp size range. (prospecbio.com)

GF CC This family consists of several Borrelia P83/P100 antigen #=GF CC proteins. (genome.jp)
Direct demonstration of Borrelia burgdorferi by culture may require weeks, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for antigen detection often lack sensitivity. (asm.org)

Interaction between Borrelia burgdorferi and endothelium in vitro. (jci.org)
Borrelia is extremely difficult to culture in vitro , due to its specific nutritional requirements. (kenyon.edu)
The artus Borrelia LC PCR Kit CE is intended for in vitro diagnostic use in Europe. (qiagen.com)
The ALSI BDT is a high-yield in vitro cultivation method for Borrelia burgdorferi from venous whole blood samples. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The nutrient requirement of borrelia is very specific hence it makes the survival of this organism in vitro very difficult. (medical-wiki.com)

For a positive control, we used strain HS1 (ATCC 35209) of Borrelia hermsii because B. (thefreedictionary.com)

Cadavid D, Garcia E, Gelderblom H. Coinfection with Borrelia turicatae serotype 2 prevents the severe vestibular dysfunction and earlier mortality caused by serotype 1. (umassmed.edu)

Borrelia burgdorferi HtrA: evidence for twofold proteolysis of outer membrane protein p66. (nih.gov)
Influence of arthritis-related protein (BBF01) on infectivity of Borrelia burgdorferi B31. (nih.gov)
A Surface-Exposed Region of a Novel Outer Membrane Protein (P66) of Borrelia spp. (asm.org)
Inside a cell it is so crowded that a certain protein from borrelia winds up being crunched. (innovations-report.com)
Alterations in protein expression due to the different environments Borrelia encounters during its complicated life cycle require advanced adaptation mechanisms. (diva-portal.org)
Isoforskolin and Cucurbitacin IIa promote the expression of anti-inflammatory regulatory factor SIGIRR in human macrophages stimulated with Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane protein A. (medworm.com)
Induction of Interleukin 10 by Borrelia burgdorferi Is Regulated by the Action of CD14-Dependent p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and cAMP-Mediated Chromatin Remodeling. (harvard.edu)
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ISOF on the proinflammatory responses induced by recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane protein A (rBmpA). (spandidos-publications.com)
Isoforskolin downregulates proinflammatory responses induced by Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane protein A. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14, 5974-5980. (spandidos-publications.com)

Selective association of outer surface lipoproteins with the lipid rafts of Borrelia burgdorferi. (nih.gov)

Direct tests include culture of Borrelia from skin, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and detection of genetic material by polymerase chain reaction in skin, blood, or synovial fluid. (wikipedia.org)
The artus Borrelia LC PCR Kit is a ready-to-use molecular detection kit for real-time PCR. (qiagen.com)
The artus Borrelia LC PCR Kit is based on the amplification and simultaneous detection of a specific region of the Borrelia genome using real-time PCR. (qiagen.com)
The detection limit of the analytical Borrelia PCR is not reduced. (qiagen.com)
The artus Borrelia LC PCR Kit provides all necessary reagents optimized for reliable Borrelia DNA detection and quantitation. (qiagen.com)
The artus Borrelia LC PCR Kit enables rapid and sensitive detection of Borrelia DNA with highly accurate quantification. (qiagen.com)
A Novel Laboratory Assessment for the Detection of Borrelia Burgdorferi by Chenggang Jin, MD, PhD, Pharmasan Labs, and Deanna J. Fall, BA, NeuroScience Inc. (townsendletter.com)

Tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is caused by several Borrelia spp. (asm.org)

PCR in laboratory diagnosis of human Borrelia burgdorferi infections. (asm.org)

Through intensive studies over many years, the two biologists have formed a picture of the life cycle of the Borrelia bacterium and all the different forms that it takes. (phys.org)
Borrelia is a thread-like, spiral bacterium, or spirochaete. (phys.org)
Borrelia is closely related to the deadly bacterium which causes syphilis, and we cannot exclude the possibility that Borrelia is also transmitted by sexual intercourse", acknowledge Morten Laane and Ivar Mysterud. (phys.org)

Recombinant Borrelia Burgdorferi p100 (p100/p83) produced in SF9 is a glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 77,813 Dalton. (prospecbio.com)
Recombinant Borrelia Burgdorferi p58 produced in E.coli is a non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 59,815 Dalton. (prospecbio.com)

Ordered Membrane Domain-Forming Properties of the Lipids of Borrelia burgdorferi. (nih.gov)
Proving lipid rafts exist: membrane domains in the prokaryote Borrelia burgdorferi have the same properties as eukaryotic lipid rafts. (nih.gov)

In view of a lack of standardisation of borrelia serology, the clinician must expect false negative, and-even more so-false-positive, results. (prohealth.com)

The persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in patients treated with antibiotics is described. (springer.com)

Hyporesponsiveness to vaccination with Borrelia burgdorferi Osp A in humans and in TLR-1 and TLR-2 deficient mice. (aldf.com)

These in vivo observations appear to be analogous to the previous characterization of C-independent bactericidal mAbs isolated following immunization with Borrelia burgdorferi or Borrelia hermsii ( 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ). (jimmunol.org)

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Health Care6

Geographicals9

Isolation of Lyme disease Borrelia from puffins (Fratercula arctica) and seabird ticks (Ixodes uriae) on the Faeroe Islands. (1/450)

Specific antibodies reactive with the 22-kilodalton major outer surface protein of Borrelia anserina Ni-NL protect chicks from infection. (2/450)

Tick-borne relapsing fever imported from West Africa: diagnosis by quantitative buffy coat analysis and in vitro culture of Borrelia crocidurae. (3/450)

Short report: Diagnosis of tick-borne relapsing fever by the quantitative buffy coat fluorescence method. (4/450)

Comparative analysis and immunological characterization of the Borrelia Bdr protein family. (5/450)

Identification of a novel strain of Borrelia hermsii in a previously undescribed northern California focus. (6/450)

Characterization of VspB of Borrelia turicatae, a major outer membrane protein expressed in blood and tissues of mice. (7/450)

Toward the development of antibacterial vaccines: report of a symposium and workshop. Organizing Committee. (8/450)

Borrelia burgdorferi

Borrelia Infections

Relapsing Fever

Ixodes

Ticks

Arachnid Vectors

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins

Tick Infestations

Bacterial Vaccines

Lyme Disease Vaccines

Lipoproteins

Antibodies, Bacterial

Antigens, Bacterial

Erythema Chronicum Migrans

Peromyscus

Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Mice, Inbred C3H

DNA, Bacterial

Flagellin

Antigens, Surface

Spirochaetales

Ornithodoros

Disease Reservoirs

Tick-Borne Diseases

Molecular Sequence Data

Arthritis, Infectious

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Glossitis, Benign Migratory

Rodentia

DNA, Ribosomal Spacer

Arthropod Vectors

Ixodidae

Genes, Bacterial

Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Ehrlichiosis

Phylogeny

Species Specificity

Base Sequence

Rodent Diseases

Muridae

Ehrlichia

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Serologic Tests

Babesia

Bites and Stings

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Tarsal Joints

Babesia microti

Plasmids

Disease Vectors

Complement Factor H

RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Immunoglobulin M

Amino Acid Sequence

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Dermacentor

Poland

Complement C3b Inactivator Proteins

RNA, Ribosomal, 23S

Acrodermatitis

North America

Babesiosis

Czech Republic

Dog Diseases

Slovakia

Phthiraptera

RNA, Ribosomal, 5S

Blotting, Southwestern

Immunoglobulin G

Sigmodontinae

RNA, Bacterial

Ceftriaxone

Genetic Variation

Joints

Deer

Slovenia

Connecticut

Aminocoumarins

DNA, Ribosomal