Boron. Medical search

Inorganic or organic compounds that contain boron as an integral part of the molecule.

The collective name for the boron hydrides, which are analogous to the alkanes and silanes. Numerous boranes are known. Some have high calorific values and are used in high-energy fuels. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Inorganic and organic derivatives of boric acid either B(OH)3 or, preferably H3BO3.

Inorganic or organic salts and esters of boric acid.

A class of inorganic or organic compounds that contain the borohydride (BH4-) anion.

A technique for the treatment of neoplasms in which an isotope is introduced into target cells followed by irradiation with thermal neutrons.

Atomic species differing in mass number but having the same atomic number. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Electrically neutral elementary particles found in all atomic nuclei except light hydrogen; the mass is equal to that of the proton and electron combined and they are unstable when isolated from the nucleus, undergoing beta decay. Slow, thermal, epithermal, and fast neutrons refer to the energy levels with which the neutrons are ejected from heavier nuclei during their decay.

The amounts of various substances in food needed by an organism to sustain healthy life.

An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.

Drugs used to potentiate the effectiveness of radiation therapy in destroying unwanted cells.

Compounds containing the -SH radical.

A group of chemical elements that are needed in minute quantities for the proper growth, development, and physiology of an organism. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A mass-spectrometric technique that is used for microscopic chemical analysis. A beam of primary ions with an energy of 5-20 kiloelectronvolts (keV) bombards a small spot on the surface of the sample under ultra-high vacuum conditions. Positive and negative secondary ions sputtered from the surface are analyzed in a mass spectrometer in regards to their mass-to-charge ratio. Digital imaging can be generated from the secondary ion beams and their intensity can be measured. Ionic images can be correlated with images from light or other microscopy providing useful tools in the study of molecular and drug actions.

Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.

Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.

Blood proteins whose activities affect or play a role in the functioning of the immune system.

A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, which includes pumpkin, gourd and squash.

Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.

Diamond. A crystalline form of carbon that occurs as hard, colorless or tinted isomeric crystals. It is used as a precious stone, for cutting glass, and as bearings for delicate mechanisms. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Nanometer-sized tubes composed of various substances including carbon (CARBON NANOTUBES), boron nitride, or nickel vanadate.

Plant tissue that carries water up the root and stem. Xylem cell walls derive most of their strength from LIGNIN. The vessels are similar to PHLOEM sieve tubes but lack companion cells and do not have perforated sides and pores.

A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as flouride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.

Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)

Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.

A reaction that introduces an aminoacyl group to a molecule. TRANSFER RNA AMINOACYLATION is the first step in GENETIC TRANSLATION.

The reactions and interactions of atoms and molecules, the changes in their structure and composition, and associated energy changes.

Components of the cytoplasm excluding the CYTOSOL.

A rare metal element with a blue-gray appearance and atomic symbol Ge, atomic number 32, and atomic weight 72.63.

A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.

A trace element with the atomic symbol B, atomic number 5, and atomic weight [10.806; 10.821]. Boron-10, an isotope of boron, is used as a neutron absorber in BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY.

A family of nonmetallic, generally electronegative, elements that form group 17 (formerly group VIIa) of the periodic table.

A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.

Membrane transporters that co-transport two or more dissimilar molecules in the opposite direction across a membrane. Usually the transport of one ion or molecule is against its electrochemical gradient and is "powered" by the movement of another ion or molecule with its electrochemical gradient.

Porphyrins with four methyl and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings.

The part of the face that is below the eye and to the side of the nose and mouth.

An organism of the vegetable kingdom suitable by nature for use as a food, especially by human beings. Not all parts of any given plant are edible but all parts of edible plants have been known to figure as raw or cooked food: leaves, roots, tubers, stems, seeds, buds, fruits, and flowers. The most commonly edible parts of plants are FRUIT, usually sweet, fleshy, and succulent. Most edible plants are commonly cultivated for their nutritional value and are referred to as VEGETABLES.

The study of the structure, preparation, properties, and reactions of carbon compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

Tumors or cancer of the NOSE.

Spectrophotometric techniques by which the absorption or emmision spectra of radiation from atoms are produced and analyzed.

Neodymium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Nd, atomic number 60, and atomic weight 144.24, and is used in industrial applications.

The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Artificial, single or multilaminar vesicles (made from lecithins or other lipids) that are used for the delivery of a variety of biological molecules or molecular complexes to cells, for example, drug delivery and gene transfer. They are also used to study membranes and membrane proteins.

The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the NASAL SEPTUM. Nasal cavities, extending from the nares to the NASOPHARYNX, are lined with ciliated NASAL MUCOSA.

A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.

A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain steroidal glycosides.

Positively charged particles composed of two protons and two NEUTRONS, i.e. equivalent to HELIUM nuclei, which are emitted during disintegration of heavy ISOTOPES. Alpha rays have very strong ionizing power, but weak penetrability.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

A pentose active in biological systems usually in its D-form.

A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of SILICON DIOXIDE. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight [28.084; 28.086].

A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The EDIBLE GRAIN, barley, is widely used as food.

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of porphobilinogen from two molecules of 5-aminolevulinic acid. EC 4.2.1.24.

A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.

An indication of the contribution of a food to the nutrient content of the diet. This value depends on the quantity of a food which is digested and absorbed and the amounts of the essential nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins) which it contains. This value can be affected by soil and growing conditions, handling and storage, and processing.

Inorganic or organic compounds that contain the basic structure RB(OH)2.

A class of porins that allow the passage of WATER and other small molecules across CELL MEMBRANES.

A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.

A carrier or inert medium used as a solvent (or diluent) in which the medicinally active agent is formulated and or administered. (Dictionary of Pharmacy, 1986)

Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)

A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7)

Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site.

Unsaturated hydrocarbons of the type Cn-H2n, indicated by the suffix -ene. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p408)

Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.

The chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of CHROMOSOME is represented once. Symbol: N.

Experimentally induced mammary neoplasms in animals to provide a model for studying human BREAST NEOPLASMS.

A sport in which weights are lifted competitively or as an exercise.

Experimentally induced tumor that produces MELANIN in animals to provide a model for studying human MELANOMA.

Native, inorganic or fossilized organic substances having a definite chemical composition and formed by inorganic reactions. They may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other mineral or rock. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue.

A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.

The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.

Delivery of drugs into an artery.

Unstable isotopes of fluorine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. F atoms with atomic weights 17, 18, and 20-22 are radioactive fluorine isotopes.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of molecules across a biological membrane. Included in this broad category are proteins involved in active transport (BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT, ACTIVE), facilitated transport and ION CHANNELS.

A group of compounds which consist of a nucleotide molecule to which an additional nucleoside is attached through the phosphate molecule(s). The nucleotide can contain any number of phosphates.

Any food that has been supplemented with essential nutrients either in quantities that are greater than those present normally, or which are not present in the food normally. Fortified food includes also food to which various nutrients have been added to compensate for those removed by refinement or processing. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

An atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative electric charge due to a gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of one or more electrons. Atoms with a positive charge are known as CATIONS; those with a negative charge are ANIONS.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

A highly-sensitive (in the picomolar range, which is 10,000-fold more sensitive than conventional electrophoresis) and efficient technique that allows separation of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and CARBOHYDRATES. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)

The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.

A group of compounds containing the porphin structure, four pyrrole rings connected by methine bridges in a cyclic configuration to which a variety of side chains are attached. The nature of the side chain is indicated by a prefix, as uroporphyrin, hematoporphyrin, etc. The porphyrins, in combination with iron, form the heme component in biologically significant compounds such as hemoglobin and myoglobin.

The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Activities or games, usually involving physical effort or skill. Reasons for engagement in sports include pleasure, competition, and/or financial reward.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

Synthesis and in vivo murine evaluation of Na4[1-(1'-B10H9)-6-SHB10H8] as a potential agent for boron neutron capture therapy. (1/283)

Reaction of the normal isomer of [B20H18]2- and the protected thiol anion, [SC(O)OC(CH3)3]-, produces an unexpected isomer of [B20H17SC(O)OC(CH3)3]4- directly and in good yield. The isomer produced under mild conditions is characterized by an apical-apical boron atom intercage connection as well as the location of the thiol substituent on an equatorial belt adjacent to the terminal boron apex. Although the formation of this isomer from nucleophilic attack of the normal isomer of [B20H18]2- has not been reported previously, the isomeric assignment has been unambiguously confirmed by one-dimensional and two-dimensional 11B NMR spectroscopy. Deprotection of the thiol substituent under acidic conditions produces a protonated intermediate, [B20H18SH]3-, which can be deprotonated with a suitable base to yield the desired product, [B20H17SH]4-. The sodium salt of the resulting [B20H17SH]4- ion has been encapsulated in small, unilamellar liposomes, which are capable of delivering their contents selectively to tumors in vivo, and investigated as a potential agent for boron neutron capture therapy. The biodistribution of boron was determined after intravenous injection of the liposomal suspension into BALB/c mice bearing EMT6 mammary adenocarcinoma. At low injected doses, the tumor boron concentration increased throughout the time-course experiment, resulting in a maximum observed boron concentration of 46.7 micrograms of B per g of tumor at 48 h and a tumor to blood boron ratio of 7.7. The boron concentration obtained in the tumor corresponds to 22.2% injected dose (i.d.) per g of tissue, a value analogous to the most promising polyhedral borane anions investigated for liposomal delivery and subsequent application in boron neutron capture therapy. (+info)

Chronic feeding of a low boron diet adversely affects reproduction and development in Xenopus laevis. (2/283)

The aims of this work were as follows: 1) to determine whether a purified diet currently used for studies with rats was acceptable for reproductive studies in frogs; and 2) to determine whether frogs are sensitive to a deficit of boron (B) in the diet. Adult Xenopus laevis were fed a nonpurified beef liver and lung (BLL) diet (310 microg B/kg), a purified diet supplemented with boron (+B; 1850 microg B/kg), or a purified diet low in boron (-B; 45 microg B/kg) for 120 d. Frogs fed the BLL and +B diets produced 11.3 and 12.2% necrotic eggs, respectively. Abnormal gastrulation occurred in <4% of the fertilized eggs in both groups, and 96-h larval survival exceeded 75% in both groups. In contrast, frogs fed the -B diet for 120 d produced a high proportion of necrotic eggs (54%). Fertilized embryos from the -B diet-fed frogs showed a high frequency of abnormal gastrulation (26.8%), and >80% of the embryos died before 96 h of development. Mean embryo cell counts at X. laevis developmental stage 7.5 (mid-blastula) were significantly lower in the -B embryos than in the BLL or +B embryos. BLL and -B embryos grown in low boron culture media had a high frequency of malformations compared with embryos grown in boron-supplemented media. These studies show that a purified diet that has been used in rodent studies was acceptable for reproduction studies in X. laevis. This work also demonstrates that a diet low in boron markedly impairs normal reproductive function in adult X. laevis, and that administration of the low boron diet results in an increase in both incidence and severity of adverse effects. In addition, these studies demonstrate the usefulness of the X. laevis model in nutrition studies. (+info)

Natural treatments for osteoarthritis. (3/283)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disease. Although OA was previously thought to be a progressive, degenerative disorder, it is now known that spontaneous arrest or reversal of the disease can occur. Conventional medications are often effective for symptom relief, but they can also cause significant side effects and do not slow the progression of the disease. Several natural substances have been shown to be at least as effective as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at relieving the symptoms of OA, and preliminary evidence suggests some of these compounds may exert a favorable influence on the course of the disease. (+info)

The physical characteristics of neodymium iron boron magnets for tooth extrusion. (4/283)

Impaction and non-eruption of teeth is a common problem encountered in orthodontics and many techniques have been proposed for the management of this condition. It has been advocated that a system utilizing magnets would supply a continuous, directionally sensitive, extrusive force, through closed mucosa and thus provide not only a physiological sound basis for successful treatment, but also reduce the need for patient compliance and appliance adjustment. This ex vivo investigation examined in detail the physical characteristics of neodymium iron boron magnets employed in attraction in order to assess their usefulness in the clinical situation. Attractive force and magnetic flux density measurements were recorded for nine sets of magnet pairs with differing morphologies. The effect of spatial relationship on force was assessed by varying vertical, transverse and horizontal positions of the magnets relative to each other, and by altering the pole face angles. The data obtained suggest that magnets with larger pole face areas and longer magnetic axes provide the best performance with respect to clinical usefulness. It was possible to formulate a specific relationship between force and flux density for each magnet pair. This relationship can be used in the clinical management of unerupted teeth to predict the force between the magnets by measuring the magnetic flux density present at mucosal level. The results indicate that magnetic systems may, indeed, have a place in the treatment of unerupted teeth. (+info)

Boron stimulates yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) growth. (5/283)

Boron is required for the growth of vascular plants and embryonic development in fish. The molecular basis of boron's essentiality, however, remains unknown for both. The objective of this study was to determine whether yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) could be used as a model for the evaluation of intracellular boron trafficking. Three experiments were conducted to assess the effect of boron supplementation on yeast growth. Cultures were grown in low boron media containing 0.04 micromol B/L. After 24 h, a new flask was inoculated with this culture; it was allowed to reach early log phase growth (9 h) and was then divided between two flasks. One flask was supplemented with ultrapure boric acid to achieve a concentration of 185 micromol B/L (+B); the other was supplemented with an equivalent volume of ultrapure water (NB). Boron significantly stimulated cell growth rate into the stationary phase of growth. Yeast cell boron concentrations decreased in both treatments over the course of the experiment, but analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICPMS) did not detect differences in cellular concentration between the boron supplemented (B) and nonsupplemented (NB) groups. Ethanol concentrations did not differ between the two treatments, demonstrating that boron-stimulated growth was not a secondary effect of alcohol dehydrogenase inhibition. The demonstration of boron-dependent growth stimulation in yeast suggests that Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be used as a model system for the study of intracellular boron trafficking. (+info)

The durability of parylene coatings on neodymium-iron-boron magnets. (6/283)

A parylene coating is frequently used to prevent corrosion of neodymium-iron-boron magnets when they are used intra-orally. This in vitro study was designed to test the durability of parylene coating in a simulated oral environment. Single and double parylene-coated magnets were subjected to grinding and crushing forces in an industrial ball mill. The results demonstrate that abrasion and wear was visible around the edges after 1 hour of testing, with a breach of the coating noted under high magnification scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The conclusion of the study is that parylene coating is unlikely to withstand intra-oral forces. The shape of the magnets, the manufacturing process involved in their production, and the thickness of the parylene coating are important factors to consider with respect to the durability of magnets used in the mouth. (+info)

Boron microlocalization in oral mucosal tissue: implications for boron neutron capture therapy. (7/283)

Clinical studies of the treatment of glioma and cutaneous melanoma using boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) are currently taking place in the USA, Europe and Japan. New BNCT clinical facilities are under construction in Finland, Sweden, England and California. The observation of transient acute effects in the oral mucosa of a number of glioma patients involved in the American clinical trials, suggests that radiation damage of the oral mucosa could be a potential complication in future BNCT clinical protocols, involving higher doses and larger irradiation field sizes. The present investigation is the first to use a high resolution surface analytical technique to relate the microdistribution of boron-10 (10B) in the oral mucosa to the biological effectiveness of the 10B(n,alpha)7Li neutron capture reaction in this tissue. The two boron delivery agents used clinically in Europe/Japan and the USA, borocaptate sodium (BSH) and p-boronophenylalanine (BPA), respectively, were evaluated using a rat ventral tongue model. 10B concentrations in various regions of the tongue mucosa were estimated using ion microscopy. In the epithelium, levels of 10B were appreciably lower after the administration of BSH than was the case after BPA. The epithelium:blood 10B partition ratios were 0.2:1 and 1:1 for BSH and BPA respectively. The 10B content of the lamina propria was higher than that measured in the epithelium for both BSH and BPA. The difference was most marked for BSH, where 10B levels were a factor of six higher in the lamina propria than in the epithelium. The concentration of 10B was also measured in blood vessel walls where relatively low levels of accumulation of BSH, as compared with BPA, was demonstrated in blood vessel endothelial cells and muscle. Vessel wall:blood 10B partition ratios were 0.3:1 and 0.9:1 for BSH and BPA respectively. Evaluation of tongue mucosal response (ulceration) to BNC irradiation indicated a considerably reduced radiation sensitivity using BSH as the boron delivery agent relative to BPA. The compound biological effectiveness (CBE) factor for BSH was estimated at 0.29 +/- 0.02. This compares with a previously published CBE factor for BPA of 4.87 +/- 0.16. It was concluded that variations in the microdistribution profile of 10B, using the two boron delivery agents, had a significant effect on the response of oral mucosa to BNC irradiation. From a clinical perspective, based on the findings of the present study, it is probable that potential radiation-induced oral mucositis will be restricted to BNCT protocols involving BPA. However, a thorough high resolution analysis of 10B microdistribution in human oral mucosal tissue, using a technique such as ion microscopy, is a prerequisite for the use of experimentally derived CBE factors in clinical BNCT. (+info)

Boron supplementation of a semipurified diet for weanling pigs improves feed efficiency and bone strength characteristics and alters plasma lipid metabolites. (8/283)

Two experiments were conducted to determine effects of dietary boron (B) on performance, plasma minerals and metabolites, and bone characteristics in young pigs. In Experiment 1, 48 pigs (24 males, 24 females; 21 d old) were allotted to pens, which were randomly assigned to one of the following dietary treatments: 1) control (natural ingredient diet; 6.7 mg B/kg diet), 2) control + 5 mg B/kg diet and 3) control + 15 mg B/kg diet. Boron was supplemented as sodium borate. In Experiment 2, 48 pigs (24 males, 24 females; 21 d old) were assigned to the same treatments described in Experiment 1; however, the basal diet was a semipurified diet (0.98 mg B/kg diet). Diets were fed for 40 d; on d 40, blood samples were obtained for determination of plasma mineral and metabolite concentrations. Femurs were harvested from 8 pigs per treatment on d 40 for determination of mechanical properties, ash and lipid percentage. In Experiment 1, B did not affect performance, plasma minerals or metabolites or bone properties. In Experiment 2, B supplementation improved (P: < 0.05) the gain:feed ratio and increased plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. There was a treatment x sex interaction (P: < 0.05) in Experiment 2 for bone lipid to be lower and bending moment to be higher, with the response occurring in male pigs. Other dependent variables in Experiment 2 were not affected by treatment. In conclusion, B supplementation of a low B diet elicited responses of physiologic importance to pigs. However, B supplementation of a natural ingredient diet did not elicit a response. (+info)

It is one of two compounds of aluminium and boron, the other being AlB12, which are both commonly referred to as aluminium ... Aluminium diboride (AlB2) is a chemical compound made from the metal aluminium and the metalloid boron. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium_diboride

Three equivalents of HF react to give the intermediate boron trifluoride and the fourth gives fluoroboric acid: B(OH)3 + 4 HF ... doi:10.1002/zaac.19814821124 Brotherton, R. J.; Weber, C. J.; Guibert, C. R.; Little, J. L. "Boron Compounds". Ullmann's ... ISBN 978-0-13-039913-7. Meller, A. (1988). "Boron". Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry. 3. New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. ... and in electrolytic generation of boron. HBF4 is also used in aluminum etching and acid pickling. HBF4 is used as a catalyst ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoroboric_acid

retrieved 16 March 2009) Mizianty, M; Frey, L; Bieniek, W; Boron, P; Szklarczyk, M (2007-10-18). "Variability and structure of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leymus_arenarius

Boron carbide is used in hard plate armor capable of defeating rifle and armour piercing ammunition. It was used in armour ... Other materials include boron suboxide, alumina, and silicon carbide, which are used for varying reasons from protecting from ... "SA4B™ Level III++ Boron Carbide SAPI - buy for $990.36 - UARM™ Official Store". UARM™. Retrieved 2020-11-29. "Advanced Armor ... "Boron Carbide , CoorsTek". www.coorstek.com. Retrieved 2020-11-29. "Interceptor Body Armor". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_armor

"Boron Selenide". American Elements. January 5, 2021. "Iron (III) Carbonate Formula": 1. Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubility_chart

It is a weak Lewis acid (AN = 23, Gutmann-Beckett method). Borate esters are prepared by heating boric acid or related boron ... 49: 90.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link); Collective Volume, 10, p. 80 National Pollutant Inventory - Boron and ... "Boron Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) ... "A convenient NMR method for the measurement of Lewis acidity at boron centres: correlation of reaction rates of Lewis acid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimethyl_borate

Boron, Cindy. "Cooper Manning is almost as funny as Peyton and Eli" The Washington Post (October 11, 2015) Mississippi portal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archie_Manning

Because LiBF4 and other alkali-metal salts thermally decompose to evolve boron trifluoride, the salt is commonly used as a ... Robert Brotherton; Joseph Weber; Clarence Guibert & John Little (2000). "Boron Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_tetrafluoroborate

The Pig Product Review Accessed: 6/28/2012 Smitty (2012-03-03). "THE PIG forcible entry Tool". Boron Extrication. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pig_(tool)

Typical micronutrients are boron, zinc, molybdenum, iron, and manganese. These elements are provided as water-soluble salts. ... For example, sugar beets appear to require boron, and legumes require cobalt, while environmental conditions such as heat or ... ISBN 978-1-878148-05-6. "Boron Deficiency". Livestock's Long Shadow: Environmental Issues and Options, Table 3.3. Retrieved 29 ... boron (B). Of occasional significance are silicon (Si), cobalt (Co), and vanadium (V). The nutrients required for healthy plant ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizer

Boron Boron is the only element with a partially disordered structure in its most thermodynamically stable crystalline form. ... Polycrystalline γ-boron: As hard as polycrystalline cubic boron nitride', Scripta Materialia, vol. 67, pp. 257‒260, doi:10.1016 ... Common metalloids: Boron is reported to be capable of forming an oxysulfate (BO)2SO4, a bisulfate B(HSO4)3 and a sulfate B2(SO4 ... In 2004, a boron compound broke this record by a thousand fold with the synthesis of carborane acid H(CHB11Cl11). Another ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties_of_metals,_metalloids_and_nonmetals

Boron, WF.; Boulapep, EL. (2012). Medical Physiology (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 978-1437717532. Miller, WL; Bose, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland

Boron, Walter. F; Emile Boulpaep (2003). Medical Physiology. Elsevier Saunders. p. 489. ISBN 978-0-7216-0076-5. DiFrancesco D ( ... Boron, Walter. F; Emile Boulpaep (2003). Medical Physiology. Elsevier Saunders. p. 487. ISBN 978-0-7216-0076-5. Verkerk AO, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacemaker_potential

Boron, WF.; Boulapep, EL. (2012). Medical Physiology (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. pp. 771, 774. ISBN 978-1437717532. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus_(kidney)

Boron, Cindy. "Cooper Manning is almost as funny as Peyton and Eli" The Washington Post (October 11, 2015) Rudnansky, Ryan (May ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooper_Manning

Robert J. Brotherton, C. Joseph Weber, Clarence R. Guibert, John L. Little (2000). "Boron Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of ... doi: 10.1016/0032-3861(96)00323-0 National Pollutant Inventory - Boron and compounds WebBook page for BC6H15O3. ... "A convenient NMR method for the measurement of Lewis acidity at boron centres: correlation of reaction rates of Lewis acid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triethyl_borate

Boron, Walter; Emile Boulpaep (2004). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch. Oxford: Elsevier. ISBN 1-4160- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implantation_(human_embryo)

Smitty (8 November 2011). "2012 Mazda 3 Body Structure (Stronger B-Pillar)". Boron Extrication. Retrieved 14 January 2021. "New ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazda3

... burning with an apple-green flame characteristic for boron compounds. Thus, it is typically handled and stored using air-free ... "Boron Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_309. ISBN 3527306730. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triethylborane

"Boron" (PDF). United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2014-05-23. "UNHCR warns of bleaker future for refugees as Syrian ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_top_international_rankings_by_country

In this structure, there are two four-coordinate boron centers and two three-coordinate boron centers. Borax is also easily ... Borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, is an important boron compound, a mineral, and ... Borax can also be produced synthetically from other boron compounds. Naturally occurring borax (known by the trade name ... The most commercially important deposits are found in: Turkey; Boron, California; and Searles Lake, California. Also, borax has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borax

Boron, WF; Waisbren, SJ; Modlin, IM; Geibel, JP (Nov 1994). "Unique permeability barrier of the apical surface of parietal and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_cell

"05 Boron". Elements.vanderkrogt.net. Retrieved 2008-09-12. "09 Fluorine". Elements.vanderkrogt.net. Retrieved 2008-09-12. "53 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_chemical_element_discoveries

Boron, Walter F.; Boulpaep, Emile L. (2012-01-13). Medical Physiology, 2e Updated Edition E-Book: with STUDENT CONSULT Online ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank–Starling_law

Infrared Spectra of Boron Hydride Intermediate Species in Solid Argon". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 116 (11): ... Infrared Spectra of Boron Hydride Intermediate Species in Solid Argon". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 116 (11): ... Butterfly cluster compound Burg, Anton B.; Schlesinger, H. I. (May 1937). "Hydrides of boron. VII. Evidence of the transitory ... ISBN 978-0-13-175553-6. Burkhardt, Elizabeth R.; Matos, Karl (July 2006). "Boron reagents in process chemistry: Excellent tools ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borane

K[TpMo(CO)3]+ BuONO→TpMo(CO)2NO+CO+KOBu Trofimenko, Swiatoslaw (1967). "Boron-pyrazole chemistry. II. Poly(1-pyrazolyl)-borates ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_trispyrazolylborate

The dodecaborate(12) anion, [B12H12]2−, has the structure of a regular icosahedron of boron atoms, with each boron atom being ... The first boron atom is numbered 1, then the closest ring of five atoms around it is numbered anticlockwise from 2 to 6. The ... For applications in boron neutron capture therapy, derivatives of closo-dodecaborate increase the specificity of neutron ... A related derivative is [B12(CH3)12]2−. The icosahedron of boron atoms is aromatic in nature.[citation needed] Under kilobar ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodecaborate

Ellis, P. D.; Sears, J. A.; Yang, P.; Dupuis, M.; Boron, T. T.; Pecoraro, V. L.; Stich, T. A.; Britt, R. D.; Lipton, A. S. ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choy_Jin-ho

Boron WF (2003). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach. Elsevier/Saunders. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-4160-2328-9. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxide

Natural boron consists of approximately 20% boron-10 and 80% boron-11 isotopes. Boron-10 has a high cross-section for ... No matter which form of soluble boron is added, within the acceptable range of pH and boron concentration for swimming pools, ... The three oxygen atoms form a trigonal planar geometry around the boron. The B-O bond length is 136 pm and the O-H is 97 pm. ... The boron in boric acid reduces the probability of thermal fission by absorbing some thermal neutrons. Fission chain reactions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boric_acid

B6O can be synthesized by reducing B2O3 with boron or by oxidation of boron with zinc oxide or other oxidants.[1] These boron ... He, D.; Zhao, Y.; Daemen, L.; Qian, J.; Shen, T. D.; Zerda, T. W. (2002). "Boron suboxide: As hard as cubic boron nitride". ... Mixtures of boron and B2O3 powders were usually used as starting materials in the reported methods for B6O synthesis.[4] ... Boron suboxide (chemical formula B6O) is a solid compound with a structure built of eight icosahedra at the apexes of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron_suboxide

Other forms of boron nitride[edit]. Atomically thin boron nitride[edit]. Hexagonal boron nitride can be exfoliated to mono or ... Boron nitride aerogel[edit]. Main article: Boron nitride aerogel. Boron nitride aerogel is an aerogel made of highly porous BN ... Boron nitride nanotubes[edit]. Main article: Boron nitride nanotube. Boron nitride tubules were first made in 1989 by Shore and ... Boron nitride is produced synthetically. Hexagonal boron nitride is obtained by the reacting boron trioxide (B2O3) or boric ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron_nitride

With little evidence, boron has been consumed for menstrual cramps and boric acid has been used vaginally for yeast infections. ... Boron deficiency. Taking boron by mouth prevents boron deficiency.. Possibly effective for.... *Menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea) ... Boron is a mineral that is found in food such as nuts and the environment. People take boron supplements as medicine.. Boron is ... When taken by mouth: Boron is LIKELY SAFE when taken by mouth in doses that dont exceed 20 mg per day. Boron is POSSIBLY ...

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/894.html

Overview Boron is the first element in Group 13 (IIIA) of the periodic table [1]. The periodic table [2] is a chart that shows ... BORON (REVISED) Note: This article, originally published in 1998, was updated in 2006 for the eBook edition. ... Boron combines with oxygen in the air to form boron trioxide (B 2O3). Boron trioxide forms a thin film on the surface that ... Boron also forms important compounds with two other elements, carbon and nitrogen. Boron carbide (B4C) and boron nitride (BN) ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/science-and-technology/chemistry/compounds-and-elements/boron

Breathing moderate levels of boron irritates the nose, throat, and eyes. This chemical has been found in at least 142 of 1,416 ... Exposure to boron occurs in the workplace or from using certain consumer products. ... What is boron?. Boron is a compound that occurs in nature. It is often found combined with other substances to form compounds ... Boron is also released from industries that use it. *Boron cannot be destroyed in the environment. It can only change its form ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxFAQs/ToxFAQsDetails.aspx?faqid=452&toxid=80

Toxicological profile for Boron. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxProfiles/ToxProfiles.aspx?id=453&tid=80

All rights reserved. The published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. Neither ILO nor WHO nor the European Commission shall be responsible for the interpretation and use of the information contained in this material ...

http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_version=2&p_card_id=0836&p_lang=en

Boron trifluoride. CAS No: 7637-07-2. NOTE:. (1) Efficacy of Medical Tests has not been evaluated.. (2) NIOSH references ... Boron trifluoride. Editor(s). /Author(s). Specific Medical Test(s) or Examination(s). Reference(s). ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-110/nmed0027.html

Boron has been making nutritional medicine news very recently, and will likely be noted as the next essential trace mineral. It ... Sources: Boron is available in the soil and in many whole foods. Fruits, such as apples, pears, and grapes are high in boron. ... of boron daily can improve calcium retention, based on a six-month study of postmenopausal women. After a low boron diet, 3 mg ... Uses: The current suggestion is to provide adequate levels of boron (3-5 mg.) in the diet to maintain healthy bones. Boron is ...

https://healthy.net/2000/12/06/boron-2/

Tubes of boron could have many of the same properties as carbon nanotubes, and for some electrical applications, they may even ... as the chemistry of boron makes that chicken-wire pattern unstable. The first boron nanotubes to be created, in 2004, are ... If so, then boron tubes might be used in nanodevices similar to the diodes and transistors that have already been made from ... The most stable boron nanotubes are made of a hexagonal lattice with an extra atom added to some of the hexagons ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13143-boron-nanotubes-could-outperform-carbon/

Boron definition, a nonmetallic element occurring naturally only in combination, as in borax or boric acid, and obtained in ... boron in Medicine Expand. boron bo·ron (bôrŏn). n. Symbol B. A soft, amorphous or crystalline nonmetallic element, used in ... Word Origin and History for boron Expand. n. 1812, from borax + ending abstracted unetymologically from carbon (it resembles ... Boron is necessary for the growth of land plants and is used in the preparation of soaps, abrasives, and hard alloys. It is ...

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/boron

Chunks of bulk boron are zapped with a laser to create vapor of boron atoms. A jet of helium then freezes the vapor into tiny ... One candidate was boron, carbons neighbor on the periodic table. But because boron has one less electron than carbon, it cant ... Because of the electron deficiency of boron, borospherene would likely bond well with hydrogen. So tiny boron cages could serve ... The next step is to test the actual binding energies of boron clusters in the lab to see if they match any of the theoretical ...

http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1113190648/boron-buckyball-discovered-by-researchers-071414/

... has part boron group element atom (CHEBI:33317) boron group molecular entity (CHEBI: ... boron molecular entity (CHEBI:22916) is a boron group molecular entity (CHEBI:33581). gallium molecular entity (CHEBI:37111) is ... CHEBI:33581 - boron group molecular entity. Main. ChEBI Ontology. Automatic Xrefs. Reactions. Pathways. Models. ... indium molecular entity (CHEBI:37112) is a boron group molecular entity (CHEBI:33581). thallium molecular entity (CHEBI:37110) ...

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/es/searchId.do?chebiId=33581

Boron-Aluminum-Magnesium). BAM was discovered by B... ... Boron - A METALLOID WHICH PROTECTS THE NUCLEAR REACTOR! - ... Materials scientist, Bruce Cook, discusses the super hard, low friction, and lubricious alloy know as BAM (Boron-Aluminum- ...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=797eG7wPYj4

Lebreton, J.; Ferran, J.; Marsigny, L., The Cameron system of boron monofluoride, BF, J. Phys. B:, 1975, 8, 465. [all data] ... Pathak, A.N.; Maheshwari, R.C., Franck-Condon factors & r-centroids for (b3«SIGMA»+ --, a3«PI») system of boron monofluoride ... Chretien, M.; Miescher, E., New electronic band-systems of diatomic boron compounds (BF, BO and BH), Nature (London), 1949, 163 ... Strong, H.M.; Knauss, H.P., The band spectrum of boron fluoride, Phys. Rev., 1936, 49, 740. [all data] ...

https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?Source=1957ONA374&Units=SI&Mask=1A8F

... and boron trichloride, J. Electron. Control, 1957, 3, 194. [all data] ... Other names: Borane, trifluoro-; Boron fluoride (BF3); Boron fluoride; Trifluoroborane; Trifluoroboron; BF3; Fluorure de bore; ... King, G.H.; Krishnamurthy, S.S.; Lappert, M.F.; Pedley, J.B., Bonding studies of compounds of boron and the Group 4 elements. ... XII.Boron trifluoride and diboron tetrafluoride, Inorg. Chem., 1968, 7, 1742. [all data] ...

https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?Source=1984DEH%2FPAR1783&

Boron Carbide Fillers are used as reinforcing fillers in a variety of materials, including polymers, metals and concrete ... Wear resistant 3M™ Boron Carbide Fillers are used as reinforcing fillers in a variety of materials, including polymers, metals ... 3M boron carbide powders are used as fillers in polymers, metals, and concrete matrices for neutron absorption and particle ... 3M™ Boron Carbide Fillers are versatile materials offering excellent resistance to abrasion, chemical corrosion and high ...

https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/company-us/all-3m-products/~/3M-Boron-Carbide-Fillers/?N=5002385+8710650+3290919319&rt=rud

Natural Boron Carbide is most often provided in powder form. It can be manufactured into final articles such as pellets, plates ... 3M™ Natural Boron Carbide is most often provided in powder form. It can be manufactured into final articles such as pellets, ... 3M™ Natural Boron Carbide can be manufactured into final articles such as pellets, plates or sputtering targets at 3Ms hot ... 3M natural boron carbide powder variations include chemical, physical and particle size properties. ...

https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/company-us/all-3m-products/~/3M-Natural-Boron-Carbide/?N=5002385+8745513+3292669859&preselect=8710906&rt=rud

Boron fluoride, Trifluoroborane Colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor. [Note: Forms dense white fumes in moist air. ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0062.html

... that Brandenburg1 has recently shown in Holland that the disease is caused by boron deficiency, and can be cured by the ... HUGHES, W., MURPHY, P. Crown Rot of Sugar Beet a Boron Deficiency. Nature 135, 395 (1935). https://doi.org/10.1038/135395a0 ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/135395a0?error=cookies_not_supported&code=f55aba8b-4a06-4f42-b7cf-f22d9029e7b1

Not only are the applications of boron in chemical molecular sensors covered in detail, but their synthesis and supramolecular ... Boron: Sensing, Synthesis and Supramolecular Self-Assembly Editors: Meng Li, John S Fossey, Tony D James ... Not only are the applications of boron in chemical molecular sensors covered in detail, but their synthesis and supramolecular ... Boron-Containing BODIPY Chromophore for Fluorescent Sensing. Chunchang Zhao and Weihong Zhu ...

http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/eBook/978-1-84973-674-9

Allotropes of boron Boron deficiency Boron oxide Boron nitride Boron neutron capture therapy Boronic acid Hydroboration- ... Greim, Jochen & Schwetz, Karl A. (2005). "Boron Carbide, Boron Nitride, and Metal Borides". Boron Carbide, Boron Nitride, and ... near Boron, California. The average cost of crystalline boron is $5/g. Free boron is chiefly used in making boron fibers, where ... The largest known boron deposits are in Turkey, the largest producer of boron minerals. Elemental boron is a metalloid that is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron

Duschanek, H., Rogl, P., "The System Boron - Carbon - Zirconium" in "Phase Diagrams of Ternary Metal-Boron-Carbon Systems", ... Rudy, E., "Ternary Transition Metal-Boron Systems" in "Ternary Phase Equilibria in Transition Metal-Boron-Carbon-Silicon ... Boron Plus Two Metals", Phase Equilibria Diagrams, Phase Diagrams for Ceramists, 10, 170-174 (1994) (Phase Diagram, Phase ... Voroshilov, Yu.V., Kuzma, Yu.B., "Reaction of Zirconium with the Transition Metals and Boron", Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 8( ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-02700-0_16

Boron deficiency may refer to: Boron deficiency (plant disorder), a nutritional disorder in plants Boron deficiency (medicine ... a nutritional disorder in animals This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Boron deficiency. If an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron_deficiency

... 690666. This paper describes the structural design of a composite ... The selected boron/epoxy exhibits high strength and specific stiffness, lightweight, good corrosion resistance, and suitability ... Citation: Turner, D. and Springer, W., "The Design of Boron/Epoxy Turboprop Reduction Gear Case," SAE Technical Paper 690666, ...

https://www.sae.org/publications/technical-papers/content/690666/

The diffusion barrier layer can be fabricated by first forming a TiN layer and then incorporating boron into the TiN layer. The ... diffusion barrier layer can also be fabricated by forming a TiNxBy layer using a TDMAT process including boron. The diffusion ... After the TiN layer has been formed, boron is incorporated into the TiN layer by treating the device 10 with a boron-containing ... The concentration of the boron-containing gas in the CVD chamber determines the concentration of boron in the diffusion barrier ...

http://www.google.com/patents/US20040080002?dq=5463388

The International Conference On Phosphorus, Boron and Silicon is an annual gathering with the following objectives:. • Attract ... International Conference On Phosphorus, Boron and Silicon - PBSi 2019 2 December 2019 09:00 - 4 December 2019 18:00, Rome, ... Boron and Silicon community in order to provide all participants with the latest progress and inputs recorded in each field.. ... https://premc.org/conferences/pbsi-phosphorus-boron-silicon/. @PBSi_Conference ‏. https://www.facebook.com/events/ ...

https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/38200/international-conference-on-phosphorus-boron-and-silicon-pbsi-2019/organisedby

Boron is a mineral that is used for building strong bones and treating osteoarthritis. Learn about side effects, drug ... Boron. https://reference.medscape.com/drug/boron-344435#0 RxList. Boron. https://www.rxlist.com/boron/supplements.htm ... Generic Name: boron. Drug Class: Minerals, Other. What Is Boron and How Does It Work?. ... Boron is a mineral that is found in food and the environment. People take boron supplements as medicine. ...

https://www.rxlist.com/consumer_boron/drugs-condition.htm

... boron atoms can now link up chains - in carbon that makes proteins, plastics and alcohols possible ... Boron can hold up to eight outer electrons: a pair in each of four slots. In atomic boron, one of these slots is ... Each boron atom then completed the filling of its slots by pairing up with another boron atom and pooling its original three ... They also coaxed boron atoms into forming a chain. Previous attempts to do this with boron failed and resulted in messy ...

https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21428702-600-brand-new-bonding-skills-make-boron-more-like-carbon/

Compounds of boron have been used for centuries. (encyclopedia.com)
Agriculture, fire retardants, and soaps and detergents rely on boron compounds. (encyclopedia.com)
The first mention of boron compounds is found in a book by Persian alchemist Rhazes (c. 865-c. 925). (encyclopedia.com)
He was also working on a method to remove boron from its compounds. (encyclopedia.com)
Th ê nard and Gay-Lussac found a new way to separate boron from its compounds. (encyclopedia.com)
Common borate compounds include boric acid, salts of borates, and boron oxide. (cdc.gov)
Exposure to boron compounds may occur if you use consumer products that contain them, such as cosmetics and laundry products. (cdc.gov)
Pesticides containing boron compounds should be used according to their directions and should be kept away from children. (cdc.gov)
Children living near waste sites containing boron and boron compounds are likely to be exposed to higher than normal environmental levels of boron through breathing in boron-containing dust, touching soil, and eating contaminated soil. (cdc.gov)
Boron is concentrated on Earth by the water-solubility of its more common naturally occurring compounds, the borate minerals. (wikipedia.org)
Boron is primarily used in chemical compounds. (wikipedia.org)
Boron compounds were relatively rarely used until the late 1800s when Francis Marion Smith's Pacific Coast Borax Company first popularized and produced them in volume at low cost. (wikipedia.org)
The production of boron compounds does not involve the formation of elemental boron, but exploits the convenient availability of borates. (wikipedia.org)
c) Wet steam and hot solutions of fluorine, boron or sulphur compounds may have effected the decomposition. (dictionary.com)
Bonding studies of compounds of boron and the Group 4 elements. (nist.gov)
Synthetic, or alien, life based on boron remains far-fetched - boron still can't link to other life-related compounds, for one thing. (newscientist.com)
Boron compounds are used to enhance the cell selectivity of radiation therapy. (drugs.com)
boron compounds can be toxic to humans. (drugs.com)
While boric acid, borates, and other compounds containing boron are used medicinally, they are potentially toxic if ingested or absorbed through nonintact skin. (drugs.com)
Because of boron's ability to absorb electromagnetic radiation, boron-based compounds are used in conjunction with radiation therapy to enhance the selective killing of neoplastic cells, particularly those of resistant neoplasia such as glioblastoma. (drugs.com)
Over-the-counter supplements containing boron compounds are purported to enhance mental power, sometimes citing poorly substantiated studies that found alterations in the electroencephalogram in the presence of a low-boron diet. (drugs.com)
There is no evidence, however, that diet supplementations of boron compounds, above the levels derived from a normal balanced diet, can enhance mental acuity or improve alertness. (drugs.com)
This brown, crystalline element is not found free in nature by itself, although boron compounds, such as the mineral rasorite, have been present for thousands of years. (infobarrel.com)
Yes, it became obvious during the workshop that there is now sufficient knowledge and enough compounds to support a broad programme of screening in the quest for new anti-viral and anti-cancer drugs containing essential boron components," said Lesnikowski. (thaindian.com)
Boron compounds share some similarities with carbon but also have important differences. (thaindian.com)
The important similarity is that boron, like carbon, combines with hydrogen to form stable compounds that can participate in biochemical reactions and syntheses. (thaindian.com)
Boron compounds now have many applications in a number of fields, including Medicinal Chemistry. (mdpi.com)
Although the uses of boron compounds in pharmacological science have been recognized several decades ago, surprisingly few are found in pharmaceutical drugs. (mdpi.com)
The boron-containing compounds epitomize a new class for medicinal chemists to use in their drug designs. (mdpi.com)
Carboranes are a class of organometallic compounds containing carbon (C), boron (B), and hydrogen (H) and are the most widely studied boron compounds in medicinal chemistry. (mdpi.com)
Additionally, other boron-based compounds are of great interest, such as dodecaborate anions, metallacarboranes and metallaboranes. (mdpi.com)
The work outlined in this short review addresses the advancements in boron containing compounds. (mdpi.com)
Here, we have focused on the possible clinical implications of the new and improved boron-based biologically active compounds for BNCT that are reported to have in vivo and/or in vitro efficacy. (mdpi.com)
Burah) Boron compounds have been known for thousands of years, but the element was not discovered until 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by Gay-Lussac and Thenard. (radiochemistry.org)
Boron compounds are also extensively used in the manufacture of borosilicate glasses. (radiochemistry.org)
Other boron compounds show promise in treating arthritis. (radiochemistry.org)
However, some of the more exotic boron hydrogen compounds are definitely toxic and do require care. (radiochemistry.org)
Boron is known to form antimicrobial compounds such as the inorganic boric acid which is an antiseptic and the natural antibiotic, boromycin, produced by bacteria. (progressivehealth.com)
However, boric acid is toxic to insects and that is why boron compounds are regular components of insecticides. (progressivehealth.com)
Researchers have developed a set of boron compounds that inhibit this signaling. (alzforum.org)
In the September 1 Cell Chemical Biology, researchers led by David Brough and Sally Freeman at the University of Manchester, U.K., reported development of a set of boron-containing compounds that blocked inflammasome activation through an unknown mechanism. (alzforum.org)
The authors then screened a separate library of boron-containing compounds, finding some that were 30 to 60 times more potent than 2APB. (alzforum.org)
They modified these to make them more soluble and effective, developing a series of 31 novel boron compounds (NBCs). (alzforum.org)
NBC6 and NBC13 were particularly potent, more than twice as strong as the unmodified boron compounds, and had good drug properties. (alzforum.org)
In the NBC compounds, the ring that contains boron assumes a boat-like shape, with the boron atom sticking up out of the plane, Brough noted (see image above). (alzforum.org)
Anacor Pharmaceuticals in Palo Alto, California, develops boron compounds for antimicrobial uses and was recently purchased by Pfizer. (alzforum.org)
Anacor is continuing to exploit boron-containing compounds, although opinion looks divided about their prospects. (sciencemag.org)
Molecular boron compounds display a wide range of unusual and fascinating structures, and their chemical reactivity can be very different from that of boron's next-door neighbour carbon. (elementsmagazine.org)
Description: cBN ( Cubic Boron Nitride) Our high quality cBN cubic boron nitride powder is combined with our proprietary water, oil and universal carrier types to provide slurries, suspensions and compounds in abrasive sizes ranging from 0.125 µm to 60 µm. (globalspec.com)

Each icosahedron is composed of twelve boron atoms. (wikipedia.org)
Boron nitride exists in multiple forms that differ in the arrangement of the boron and nitrogen atoms, giving rise to varying bulk properties of the material. (wikipedia.org)
The amorphous form of boron nitride (a-BN) is non-crystalline, lacking any long-distance regularity in the arrangement of its atoms. (wikipedia.org)
Within each layer, boron and nitrogen atoms are bound by strong covalent bonds , whereas the layers are held together by weak van der Waals forces . (wikipedia.org)
The interlayer "registry" of these sheets differs, however, from the pattern seen for graphite, because the atoms are eclipsed, with boron atoms lying over and above nitrogen atoms. (wikipedia.org)
Boron atoms are able to absorb a large number of neutrons. (encyclopedia.com)
Researchers from Brown University, Shanxi University and Tsinghua University in China have shown that a cluster of 40 boron atoms forms a hollow molecular cage similar to a carbon buckyball. (redorbit.com)
If a boron cage existed, it would have to have a different number of atoms. (redorbit.com)
In a paper published earlier this year, Wang and his colleagues showed that clusters of 36 boron atoms form one-atom-thick disks, which might be stitched together to form an analog to graphene, dubbed borophene. (redorbit.com)
Wang's preliminary work suggested that there was also something special about boron clusters with 40 atoms. (redorbit.com)
On the computer, Wang's colleagues modeled over 10,000 possible arrangements of 40 boron atoms bonded to each other. (redorbit.com)
Chunks of bulk boron are zapped with a laser to create vapor of boron atoms. (redorbit.com)
In a tightly sealed flask in a German lab sits an emerald-green crystal that is the first stable compound with a triple chemical bond between two boron atoms. (newscientist.com)
Such bonds were previously reserved for an elite club of atoms, including carbon, which sits next to boron in the periodic table. (newscientist.com)
In another first, boron atoms have linked up with each other in chains. (newscientist.com)
They also coaxed boron atoms into forming a chain. (newscientist.com)
It is extremely difficult to form chains of boron atoms," says Braunschweig. (newscientist.com)
A simulation of one-dimensional boron under stress shows the theoretical material changing phase from a ribbon to a chain of atoms when pulled. (eurekalert.org)
Our work on carbyne and with planar boron got us thinking that a one-dimensional chain of boron atoms is also a possible and intriguing structure," Yakobson said. (eurekalert.org)
To demonstrate these interesting chemomechanics, the researchers used a computer to "pull" the ends of a simulated boron ribbon with 64 atoms. (eurekalert.org)
However, bulk boron can be "doped" with other atoms to increase its conductivity. (innovations-report.com)
Recent theoretical and experimental studies show that intentional doping of graphene with boron and nitrogen atoms is a promising route to open the bandgap, and the doped graphene might exhibit properties complementary to those of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), largely extending the applications of these materials in the areas of electronics and optics. (nih.gov)
This work demonstrates the conversion of graphene oxide nanosheets into boron carbonitride (BCN) nanosheets by reacting them with B(2) O(3) and ammonia at 900 to 1100 °C, by which the boron and nitrogen atoms are incorporated into the graphene lattice in randomly distributed BN nanodomains. (nih.gov)
But boron has been difficult to use for much else because scientists didn't know how to work with the chemical reactivity of boron atoms, Liu says. (xconomy.com)
Rice University scientists have theoretically determined that the properties of atom-thick sheets of boron depend on where those atoms land. (innovations-report.com)
In graphene and boron nitride, atoms settle into flat hexagonal arrays regardless of the substrate. (innovations-report.com)
Perfectly flat boron would be a grid of triangles with occasional hexagons where atoms are missing. (innovations-report.com)
They found the pattern of atoms in a copper surface match up nicely with 2-D boron and the strength of their interactions would help keep the boron flat. (innovations-report.com)
The abundance of boron in the Sun is depleted relative to adjacent light elements, a result of thermal nuclear reactions that destroy boron atoms. (elementsmagazine.org)

Wear resistant 3M™ Boron Carbide Fillers are used as reinforcing fillers in a variety of materials, including polymers, metals and concrete matrices. (3m.com)
3M™ Boron Carbide Fillers are versatile materials offering excellent resistance to abrasion, chemical corrosion and high temperatures. (3m.com)
3M boron carbide powders are used as fillers in polymers, metals, and concrete matrices for neutron absorption and particle reinforcement. (3m.com)
3M™ Natural Boron Carbide is most often provided in powder form. (3m.com)
3M™ Natural Boron Carbide can be manufactured into final articles such as pellets, plates or sputtering targets at 3M's hot pressing facility. (3m.com)
3M natural boron carbide powder variations include chemical, physical and particle size properties. (3m.com)
I supply boron carbide powder and Al203 from sapphire waste slurry. (go.jp)
This thesis is a theoretical study of configurational disorder in icosahedral boron-rich solids, in particular boron carbide, including also the development of a methodological framework for treating configurational disorder in such materials, namely superatom-special quasirandom structure (SA-SQS). (diva-portal.org)
In case of boron carbide, especially B 4 C and B 13 C 2 compositions, the SA-SQS method is used for modeling configurational disorder, arising from a high concentration of low-energy B/C substitutional defects. (diva-portal.org)
Boron carbide is a superhard and lightweight ceramic material. (novapublishers.com)
Research on boron carbide remains active given a long-standing challenge to understand its complex failure behavior in extreme environments owing to its unique microstructure and mechanical properties, where many current efforts are underway to improve its behavior through microstructure alteration via additives that form secondary phases, chemical doping, and altering the chemical composition of the boron-to-carbon ratio in the crystal structure. (novapublishers.com)
This book covers some of the key challenges involving boron carbide that are currently being studied by many materials scientists and ceramists. (novapublishers.com)

All other forms of boron nitride are crystalline. (wikipedia.org)
All forms of boron have very high melting points, from 2,200 to 2,300 ° C (4,000 to 4,200 ° F). (encyclopedia.com)
A Rice team that simulated one-dimensional forms of boron -- both two-atom-wide ribbons and single-atom chains -- found they possess unique properties. (eurekalert.org)
does anyone know if all forms of boron are equal? (anabolicminds.com)
Similarly, different forms of boron including boric acid and borax are safe for human beings. (progressivehealth.com)

Breathing moderate levels of boron irritates the nose, throat, and eyes. (cdc.gov)
The current suggestion is to provide adequate levels of boron (3-5 mg.) in the diet to maintain healthy bones. (healthy.net)
Populations that live in an area where the soil or the drinking water contain high levels of boron are free of arthritis (boron intake of 910 mg./day). (all-natural.com)
Examples of the former are in the use of treated gypsum board and coal fly ash, both of which contain high levels of boron, the first by deliberate addition of borated fire retardant chemicals and the latter as an unavoidable residue of environmental contamination (UREC) from coal mining. (redorbit.com)
1] It is also used in some industrial products, and the possibility of serum levels of boron being increased secondary to these is plausible, especially if coming into contact with wounds. (pearltrees.com)
High levels of boron can produce yellowing of leaf tips and margins, eventually causing leaf death. (gardenguides.com)

According to the latest calculations, tubes built out of the element boron could have many of the same properties as carbon nanotubes, the ubiquitous components of nanoengineering. (newscientist.com)
The Element Boron. (infobarrel.com)
At the time of the first printing (1996), interest in the element boron was growing rapidly. (minsocam.org)
History, properties and uses of the element boron. (indigenouspeoplesissues.com)

Borax, a boron compound, has long been used to make glass and glazes. (encyclopedia.com)
The word boron was coined from borax, the mineral from which it was isolated, by analogy with carbon, which boron resembles chemically. (wikipedia.org)
While the act of combining boric acid and potassium initially isolated boron, it is now most commonly produced through the heating of borax with carbon. (infobarrel.com)
5. The term 'boron' was fashioned from the Arabic word buraq and the Persian word burah, meaning borax. (infobarrel.com)
Unpublished information from Australia reveals that thousands of people consumed boron tablets in the form of borax (a cockroach poison containing 10% elemental boron). (all-natural.com)
Boron deficiency is easily correctable with the addition of boric acid or borax. (gardenguides.com)
Important sources of boron are ore rasorite (kernite) and tincal (borax ore). (radiochemistry.org)
Agricultural uses of boron include micronutrients in fertilizers and Boron-based herbicides produced from borax and boric acid. (indigenouspeoplesissues.com)
Learn how high-quality boron from U.S. Borax can help improve from application of refined boron. (indigenouspeoplesissues.com)

Boric acid, a common form of boron, can kill yeast that cause vaginal infections. (medlineplus.gov)
Boric acid, a common form of boron, is LIKELY SAFE when used vaginally for up to six months. (medlineplus.gov)
Boric acid powder, a common form of boron, is POSSIBLY UNSAFE when applied in large amounts to prevent diaper rash. (medlineplus.gov)
They heated boracic acid (also known as boric acid , H 3 BO 3 ) with potassium metal to produce impure boron. (encyclopedia.com)
Exposure to large amounts of boron (about 30 g of boric acid) over short periods of time can affect the stomach, intestines, liver, kidney, and brain and can eventually lead to death. (cdc.gov)
Low birth weights, birth defects, and developmental delays have occurred in newborn animals whose mothers were orally exposed to high doses of boron (as boric acid) during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
Boron toxicity to date is associated with the excessive use or increased sensitivity to boric acid, as discussed earlier. (healthy.net)
By oxidizing boron with air, they showed that boric acid is an oxidation product of boron. (wikipedia.org)
Boric acid is a chemical compound containing boron , hydrogen and oxygen. (greenfacts.org)
Women sometimes use capsules containing boric acid, the most common form of boron, inside the vagina to treat yeast infections. (rxlist.com)
In medicine, boron is most commonly found in the form of boric acid, which is used as a topical astringent and anti-infective, as well as an ophthalmologic irrigant. (drugs.com)
Boric acid is also an important boron compound with major markets in textile products. (radiochemistry.org)
Another common form of boron is boric acid. (progressivehealth.com)
This boron compound is usually supplied as 1.5% boric acid in ointments. (progressivehealth.com)

The most stable crystalline form is the hexagonal one, also called h-BN, α-BN, g-BN, and graphitic boron nitride . (wikipedia.org)
1. A process for producing a polycrystalline hexagonal boron nitride compound, which comprises: heating a mixture containing a boron-containing compound comprising ulexite with a nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, organic primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, and mixtures thereof, for at least 10 minutes at a temperature of at least 700° C., under a non-oxidizing atmosphere to form boron nitride. (freepatentsonline.com)
c) subjecting the mixture to a processing temperature of at least 1000° C. for up to 24 hours to form a hexagonal boron nitride compound. (freepatentsonline.com)
15. The process of claim 12, further comprising the step of sintering the hexagonal boron nitride compound at a temperature of about 1800° C. to about 2400° C. for 2 to 3 hours. (freepatentsonline.com)
16. The process of claim 12, further comprising the step of washing the hexagonal boron nitride compound in a solution of HCl solution of 26 vol. % at a temperature of at least 50° C. , wherein the resulting hexagonal boron nitride compound contains at least 90 wt. (freepatentsonline.com)
Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets synthesis and applications By Feng Xiao, B. Sc. (indigenouspeoplesissues.com)

Boron is used for boron deficiency, menstrual cramps, and vaginal yeast infections. (medlineplus.gov)
Taking boron by mouth prevents boron deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
A poor diet, high in refined foods and low in wholesome ones, will likely provide insufficient boron and may lead to deficiency problems, one of which may be osteoporosis in the elderly. (healthy.net)
Boron deficiency is apparently more of an everyday concern. (healthy.net)
Clearly, more epidemiological research is needed to isolate boron or boron deficiency as a factor in these diseases. (healthy.net)
Because of the electron deficiency of boron, borospherene would likely bond well with hydrogen. (redorbit.com)
Boron deficiency may refer to: Boron deficiency (plant disorder), a nutritional disorder in plants Boron deficiency (medicine), a nutritional disorder in animals This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Boron deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
It was not entirely surprising, therefore, that Brandenburg 1 has recently shown in Holland that the disease is caused by boron deficiency, and can be cured by the addition of this element, in the entire absence of the fungus. (nature.com)
Boron deficiency causes growth reduction at the growing tips. (gardensalive.com)
Boron deficiency is often caused by application of too much lime. (gardensalive.com)
The deformed fruit of these strawberries is due to a deficiency of boron, which also deforms the plants leaves and roots. (gardensalive.com)
Bushy, drooping, crinkled leaves indicate boron deficiency in potato plants. (gardensalive.com)
Boron is an essential plant micronutrient for which the range between deficiency and toxicity is narrower than for any other nutrient element. (epa.gov)
Boron deficiency is rare in most crops sown in Western Australia. (indigenouspeoplesissues.com)
However boron deficiency is likely to impact broadleaf crops such as lupin and canola before cereals. (indigenouspeoplesissues.com)
This means that it is needed in so small an amount that a true boron deficiency is non-existent. (progressivehealth.com)

Not only are the applications of boron in chemical molecular sensors covered in detail, but their synthesis and supramolecular self-assembly are also presented. (rsc.org)
Caution is required when using soil applications of boron fertilizers, especially on sandy soils, as toxicity can be induced. (indigenouspeoplesissues.com)

Boron suboxide (chemical formula B 6 O) is a solid compound with a structure built of eight icosahedra at the apexes of the rhombohedral unit cell. (wikipedia.org)
Boron nitride is a thermally and chemically resistant refractory compound of boron and nitrogen with the chemical formula BN . (wikipedia.org)
Boron is a compound that occurs in nature. (cdc.gov)
16. The first reference to a boron compound was found in the 9th century work of the Persian alchemist Rhazes. (infobarrel.com)
of nitrogen-containing compound to the boron-containing compound. (freepatentsonline.com)
4. The process of claim 3, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is present in a ratio of about 40 to 50 wt: % of nitrogen-containing compound to the boron-containing compound. (freepatentsonline.com)
9. The process of claim 1, wherein the boron-containing compound further comprises up to 50 wt. (freepatentsonline.com)
14. The process of claim 12, wherein the mixture of boron-containing compound comprising ulexite and nitrogen-containing compound is subject to a processing temperature of about 1800° C. to about 2400° C. for at least 2 hours. (freepatentsonline.com)
A theoretical study of a recently observed boron cluster compound is prompting chemists to stretch their imaginations: The study proposes that bonds between the B 19 - cluster's inner B 6 ring and outer B 13 ring constantly break and re-form via a low-energy transition state in such a way that the pentagon-shaped "hub" and the B 13 "wheel" rotate in opposite directions. (acs.org)
By far the most commercially important boron compound in terms of dollar sales is Na 2 B 4 O 7 .5H 2 O. This pentahydrate is used in very large quantities in the manufacture of insulation fiberglass and sodium perborate bleach. (radiochemistry.org)
In recent years, scientists have artificially synthesized a soluble boron compound - calcium fructoborate, which is a compound of fructose, calcium and boron. (rxmed.com)
This compound completely corresponds to the natural form of boron content in plant foods, and therefore it is absorbed almost completely. (rxmed.com)

Boron nanotubes will have a more complicated shape than the simple linked hexagons that work for carbon, as the chemistry of boron makes that chicken-wire pattern unstable. (newscientist.com)
The first boron nanotubes to be created, in 2004, are thought to be formed from a buckled triangular latticework. (newscientist.com)
If so, then boron tubes might be used in nanodevices similar to the diodes and transistors that have already been made from carbon nanotubes, says Ni. (newscientist.com)
It's a surprise to other researchers, who expected all boron nanotubes to be metallic. (newscientist.com)
Ismail-Beigi suspects that it will be difficult to make semiconducting boron nanotubes, even so. (newscientist.com)
Metallic boron nanotubes would still be useful, however, as they should be better conductors than carbon. (newscientist.com)
To actually make the boron tubes, Ni suggests chemical vapour deposition, which is a process already used to grow carbon nanotubes. (newscientist.com)
The key issue for the growth of boron nanotubes is to find effective catalysts," says Ni. (newscientist.com)
A new study has shown that adding boron-nitride nanotubes to the surface of cancer cells can double the effectiveness of Irreversible Electroporation, a minimally invasive treatment for soft tissue tumors in the liver, lung, prostate, head and neck, kidney and pancreas. (scienceblog.com)
Researchers at NASA's Langley Research Center, the Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility and the National Institute of Aerospace created a new technique to synthesize high-quality boron-nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). (scienceblog.com)
If nanotubes could be made of boron and produced in large quantities, they should have the advantage of having consistent properties despite individual variation in diameter and wall structure. (innovations-report.com)
The theoretical papers predicted that boron nanotubes may exist and if they do, should have consistent electrical properties regardless of their helicity. (innovations-report.com)
We had already done some work on boron nitride nanotubes, which are similar in structure to carbon nanotubes but they are electrically insulating. (innovations-report.com)
So, we used a similar method to try to make boron nanotubes. (innovations-report.com)
The notion of boron nanotubes creates more excitement in nanotechnology than nanowhiskers because of their unique structure, which could be likened to a distinct form of an element. (innovations-report.com)
Also, boron nanotubes are predicted by theory to have very high conductivity, something groups like Buhro s are eager to measure. (innovations-report.com)
We would still be interested in discovering boron nanotubes, but we re just not quite sure how to make them. (innovations-report.com)
Even though some scientists have managed to grow boron nanotubes, the nature of their structure is unknown. (nanotech-now.com)
We have used high-resolution transmission electron microscopy to resolve the basal plane structure and chirality relationships in boron nitride nanotubes. (nanohub.org)

One of the unusual properties of boron is the many physical forms, called allotropes, in which it occurs. (encyclopedia.com)
6. 'Allotropes' is the term used to define the remarkable properties of boron is multiple physical forms. (infobarrel.com)
The applications in bio-sensing, bio-materials, and drug development all spring from the fundamental chemical properties of boron. (thaindian.com)

Industrially, very pure boron is produced with difficulty because of refractory contamination by carbon or other elements. (wikipedia.org)
The primary use of elemental boron is as boron filaments with applications similar to carbon fibers in some high-strength materials. (wikipedia.org)
Boron is similar to carbon in its capability to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. (wikipedia.org)
But because boron has one less electron than carbon, it can't form the same 60-atom structure found in the buckyball. (redorbit.com)
Triple-bonding is not the only way the researchers got boron to mimic its superstar neighbour, carbon, though. (newscientist.com)
Carbon-atom chains known as carbyne, boron fullerenes and two-dimensional films called borophene, all predicted by the Rice group, have since been created by labs. (eurekalert.org)
Boron is very different from carbon," Yakobson said. (eurekalert.org)
Oliva-Enrich JM, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Hybrid Boron-Carbon Chemistry. (mdpi.com)
All life is derived ultimately from the element carbon, which lies next to boron in the periodic table of elements, their respective atomic numbers being six and five. (thaindian.com)
The Buhro group at Washington University in St. Louis turned to boron, one spot to the left of carbon in the periodic table, to see if it would be a good candidate. (innovations-report.com)
Boron is similar to carbon in that it has a capacity to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. (radiochemistry.org)
He noted that boron contains one fewer electron than carbon does, making it more flexible in the types of bond it can form. (alzforum.org)
The homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions of hafnium (Hf) with boron (B) or carbon (C) powders were studied under non-self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) conditions in searching for chemically aided processes of ultra-high-temperature ceramics at mild and practical conditions. (ingentaconnect.com)

Boron can also occur as a brown powder with no crystalline structure. (encyclopedia.com)
crystalline boron is silvery to black, extremely hard (about 9.5 on the Mohs scale), and a poor electrical conductor at room temperature. (wikipedia.org)
As a ribbon, boron is "a true 1-D metal robust to distortion of its crystalline lattice (a property known as Peierls distortion)," the researchers wrote. (eurekalert.org)
Pure boron takes the form of clear red or black crystals, depending upon its crystalline shape. (drugs.com)
The preparation of a crystalline form of boron, later referred to as α-rhombohedral 1 was reported first in 1958 by McCARTY et al. (springer.com)
MCCARTY, L.V., CARPENTER, D.R.: The preparation of a new crystalline modification of boron and notes on the synthesis of boron triiodide. (springer.com)
They re boron nanowhiskers, the world s first such crystalline nanowires, made by chemists at Washington University in St. Louis. (innovations-report.com)
High-purity crystalline boron may be prepared by the vapor phase reduction of boron trichloride or tribromide with hydrogen on electrically heated filaments. (radiochemistry.org)
Crystalline boron (99%) costs about $5/g. (radiochemistry.org)
Cubic boron nitride is a synthetic crystalline material second only to diamond in Knoop hardness and although softer than diamond, CBN is superior in terms of abrasion resistance and oxidation resistance with steel alloys. (globalspec.com)

Elemental boron is a metalloid that is found in small amounts in meteoroids but chemically uncombined boron is not otherwise found naturally on Earth. (wikipedia.org)
The earliest routes to elemental boron involved the reduction of boric oxide with metals such as magnesium or aluminium. (wikipedia.org)
A thermochemical powerplant for underwater applications featuring a low temperature Rankine cycle power loop and a fuel consisting of elemental boron slurried in a water carrier is described. (sae.org)
The particles have diameters in the range of 20 to 200 nanometers and the whiskers (also called nanowires) are semiconducting and show properties of elemental boron. (innovations-report.com)
Elemental boron has an energy band gap of 1.50 to 1.56 eV, which is higher than that of either silicon or germanium. (radiochemistry.org)
Elemental boron and the borates are not considered to be toxic, and they do not require special care in handling. (radiochemistry.org)

The element is not found free in nature, but occurs as orthoboric acid usually found in certain volcanic spring waters and as borates in boron and colemantie. (radiochemistry.org)
Naturally occurring borates are the major economic source of boron. (elementsmagazine.org)

Boron seems to affect the way the body handles other minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. (medlineplus.gov)
These boron-supplemented subjects then showed lower daily losses, nearly 50 percent, for both calcium and magnesium than when on the boron deficient diet. (healthy.net)
Tourmaline is a complex hydrous silicate of aluminum and boron , with varying amounts of magnesium, iron, and alkalies. (dictionary.com)
Materials scientist, Bruce Cook, discusses the super hard, low friction, and lubricious alloy know as BAM (Boron-Aluminum-Magnesium). (youtube.com)
9. Medically, in addition to deterring the onset of certain bone-deteriorating diseases such as osteoporosis, Boron also gives pause to the progress of arthritis by increasing serum estrogen levels and preserving the amount of calcium and magnesium in the body. (infobarrel.com)
The most recent generation of boron hydrides evaluated as high-capacity hydrogen storage media are largely based on reversible magnesium and calcium borohydrides 3 (Product Nos. (sigmaaldrich.com)
How about deficiencies in magnesium, calcium, and boron? (all-natural.com)
The impure or amorphous, boron, a brownish-black powder, can be obtained by heating the trioxide with magnesium powder. (radiochemistry.org)
Twinlab Tri-Boron Plus - 120 caps are a breakthrough calcium product of tri-boron chelated calcium for easy absorption, reinforced with vitamin D and magnesium. (astronutrition.com)
Twinlab Tri-Boron Plus are formulated from balanced amount of calcium, vitamin D, magnesium and three natural boron sources. (astronutrition.com)
Boron is a biologically active trace mineral which affects calcium, magnesium and phosphorus metabolism. (astronutrition.com)

Mixtures of boron and B 2 O 3 powders were usually used as starting materials in the reported methods for B 6 O synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
A small amount of boron is used as a dopant in semiconductors, and reagent intermediates in the synthesis of organic fine chemicals. (wikipedia.org)

Even nominally disordered (amorphous) boron contains regular boron icosahedra which are, however, bonded randomly to each other without long-range order. (wikipedia.org)
GILLESPIE, J.S.: Crystallization of massive amorphous boron. (springer.com)
Amorphous boron is used in pyrotechnic flares to provide a distinctive green color, and in rockets as an igniter. (radiochemistry.org)
Amorphous boron costs about $2/g. (radiochemistry.org)
Heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate by amorphous boron for degradation of bisphenol S. (nih.gov)
Herein, we first discovered that amorphous boron (A-boron) can be used as a metal-free catalyst for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to produce free radicals for effective degradation of bisphenol S (BPS), which is a newly-occurring estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemical. (nih.gov)

12. Sources of boron include the weathering of boron-containing rocks, geothermal activity, seawater, and even from human actions, such as sewage disposal and the use of borate-containing herbicides. (infobarrel.com)
Sources The most prominent sources of Boron in the diet are fruits, vegetables, tubers, and drinking water. (pearltrees.com)
2] Good sources of Boron are:[1] Boron increases testosterone in men. (pearltrees.com)
Dietary sources of boron include all foods derived from plants. (progressivehealth.com)

The highest concentration of boron in the body is in the parathyroid glands, suggesting its tie to calcium metabolism and bone health. (healthy.net)
Boron may also play a role in hypertension and arthritis via its relationship to calcium metabolism. (healthy.net)
Boron is now used in more calcium/bone replenishing nutritional formulae. (healthy.net)
Drs. Neilson and Hung of the Department of Agriculture's Grand Forks, North Dakota, Human Nutrition Research say that 3-5 mg. of boron daily can improve calcium retention, based on a six-month study of postmenopausal women. (healthy.net)
Boron plays a role in differentiation of growth cells, regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and movement of calcium. (gardenguides.com)
Boron toxicity can be remedied by the application of nitrogen fertilizer as calcium nitrate. (gardenguides.com)
In a study conducted by the US Department of Agriculture, boron was found to reduce the excretion of calcium by 44% in postmenopausal women who were given 3 mg of the nutrient per day. (progressivehealth.com)
The results of the study showed that besides preventing calcium loss, boron also activated estrogen and vitamin D which slows the demineralization of the bone and protect against osteoporosis and arthritis . (progressivehealth.com)
Twinlab Tri-Boron Plus - 120 caps are a breakthrough calcium product, based on scientific evidence. (astronutrition.com)
This is why chelation of calcium with boron enables smooth absorption and assimilation of calcium in the stomach. (astronutrition.com)
The boron isotope composition of calcium carbonate shells of marine organisms has the unique potential to record surface ocean pH, allowing the calculation of atmospheric p CO 2 due to the established relationship between pH and the partial pressure of (atmospheric) CO2 ( p CO 2 ). (elementsmagazine.org)

The amount of boron in soil is directly proportional to the amount of organic matter. (all-natural.com)
The amount of boron obtained from normal diet is between 2.1 mg and 4.3 mg per day. (progressivehealth.com)
The fact is that only a small amount of boron in the human body is split. (rxmed.com)

At this time, due to its low potential toxicity and possible necessity, elderly people and anyone at risk of osteoporosis should eat boron-rich foods and further supplement boron at a level of about 1-3 mg. daily. (healthy.net)
Boron (B) is a trace element essential to crop growth in small soil concentrations (0.2-1.5ppm), yet may produce plant toxicity symptoms readily as the amount in the soil solution increases over 2ppm. (redorbit.com)
Boron requirements and expression of toxicity vary widely among varying plant types. (redorbit.com)
We examined total vs. extractable boron content and relate final visual symptoms of B- toxicity to yields and tissue concentrations. (redorbit.com)
Boron is an interesting element since it is essential to crop growth in small soil concentrations (0.2-1.5 ppm) yet may produce plant toxicity in plants as the soil concentration increases over 2.5 ppm (Reisenauer et al. (redorbit.com)
1973). The margin between boron sufficiency and toxicity is therefore very narrow for a very wide variety of crops. (redorbit.com)
Boron toxicity is noticeable on the older leaves first. (gardenguides.com)
This property of boron is also beneficial because it means that the threshold of boron toxicity in humans is very high. (progressivehealth.com)

Global Boron Trifluoride Industry Report 2015 is a new market research publication announced by Reportstack. (pitchengine.com)
This report is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Boron Trifluoride industry. (pitchengine.com)
The Boron Trifluoride market analysis is provided for the international markets including development trends, competitive landscape analysis, and key regions development status. (pitchengine.com)
The Boron Trifluoride industry development trends and marketing channels are analyzed. (pitchengine.com)

A layer-by-layer schematic alongside an optical microscopic picture of a graphene and boron nitride heterostructure device which shows unprecedented spin transport efficiency at room temperature. (eurekalert.org)
Graphene Flagship scientists based at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, have created a device based on a blilayer of graphene and boron nitride which shows unprecedented spin transport efficiency at room temperature. (eurekalert.org)

Pure boron can be prepared by reducing volatile boron halides with hydrogen at high temperatures. (wikipedia.org)
So tiny boron cages could serve as safe houses for hydrogen molecules. (redorbit.com)
Boron belongs to a class of elements that can bind significant amounts of hydrogen and release it under mild experimental conditions. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Boron-based materials, specifically boron hydrides, can store up to 19% hydrogen by weight and release it at the temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 400 °C or upon chemical treatment. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Further calculations suggested boron on gold or nickel may rival platinum as a catalyst for hydrogen evolution reactions in applications like fuel cells. (innovations-report.com)
We are sidestepping all of the scientific challenges that have held fusion energy back for more than half a century," says the director of an Australian company that claims its hydrogen-boron fusion technology is already working a billion times better than expected. (lifeboat.com)

Boron is a mineral that is found in food such as nuts and the environment. (medlineplus.gov)
Boron has been making nutritional medicine news very recently, and will likely be noted as the next essential trace mineral. (healthy.net)
Ore of boron consisting of sodium borate, a mineral salt found in alkaline (non-acidic, see pH ) deposits. (greenfacts.org)
Boron is a mineral that is found in food and the environment . (rxlist.com)
The mineral boron may retard bone loss. (all-natural.com)
A similar picture is being presented by Rex E. Newnham, Ph.D., D.O., to demonstrate a high probability for a causative relationship between the lack of the mineral boron in the diet and the manifestation of arthritis (as observed in various populations around the world). (all-natural.com)
Furthermore, boron behavior in organic soils (high organic matter) is more dependent on pH than in mineral soils, thus boron effects from compost-based media may be very variable and difficult to predict. (redorbit.com)
Boron is a dietary mineral that, although it has a daily intake, has not been accepted as an Essential Vitamin or Mineral. (pearltrees.com)
Irrigation methods, as well as mineral content of the water itself, affect boron levels in citrus. (gardenguides.com)
Ulexite, another boron mineral, is interesting as it is nature's own version of 'fiber optics. (radiochemistry.org)
While the importance of boron in animals has only been recently recognized, it has long been known to be an essential mineral for plants. (progressivehealth.com)
Boron is naturally found in all foods derived from plants but some plants have a rich store of the mineral. (progressivehealth.com)
Meat, dairy products and other animal diets are not rich in boron because the mineral does not accumulate in tissues in appreciable amounts. (progressivehealth.com)
Boron (as Boron Amino Acid Chelate) - The trace mineral boron, chelated ("bonded") to an amino acid for enhanced absorption. (hammernutrition.com)

B 6 O can be synthesized by reducing B 2 O 3 with boron or by oxidation of boron with zinc oxide or other oxidants. (wikipedia.org)

Boron-doped diamond electrodes prepared by chemical vapor deposition were used to determine if phenol could be oxidized to CO2. (rti.org)
Ileana González-González, Camille Lorenzo-Medrano, and Carlos R. Cabrera, "Sequential Electrodeposition of Platinum-Ruthenium at Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes for Methanol Oxidation," Advances in Physical Chemistry , vol. 2011, Article ID 679246, 10 pages, 2011. (hindawi.com)

The naturally occurring isotope boron-10 is used in nuclear control rods and neutron detection instruments. (dictionary.com)
Boron exists naturally as 19.78% 10B isotope and 80.22% 11B isotope. (radiochemistry.org)
The isotope boron-10 is used as a control for nuclear reactors, as a shield for nuclear radiation, and in instruments used for detecting neutrons. (radiochemistry.org)

Cubic boron nitride has a crystal structure analogous to that of diamond . (wikipedia.org)
One form of boron consists of clear red crystals with a density of 2.46 grams per cubic centimeter. (encyclopedia.com)
A boron-nitrogen fullerene is also called (4,6)-fullerene graph which is a plane cubic graph whose faces have sizes 4 and 6. (scirp.org)
Beyond a pressure of about 7.5 GPa depending on the temperature, also B38N6 becomes unstable, and decomposes into cubic boron nitride and a-tetragonalboron- like boron subnitride B50N2. (diva-portal.org)
Description: ISO 16462:2004 applies to inserts with insert shapes in accordance with ISO 883, ISO 3364, ISO 3365 and ISO 6987, tipped with cubic boron nitride (BL, BH, BC) or made of solid cubic boron nitride (BL, BH, BC). (globalspec.com)
Description: ISO 6104:2005 gives a general survey, and specifies the designation, of rotating grinding tools with diamond or cubic boron nitride . (globalspec.com)

Boron combines with oxygen in the air to form boron trioxide ( B 2 O 3 ). (encyclopedia.com)
The fact that boron has the capacity to form this kind of structure is very interesting. (redorbit.com)
In the environment, boron is present in the form of borate, combined with oxygen and other elements . (greenfacts.org)
Next, Braunschweig and his team hope to free this boron chain from its scaffold and increase the chain length to form the boron equivalent of polyethylene, a common plastic. (newscientist.com)
One-dimensional boron forms two well-defined phases -- chains and ribbons -- which are linked by a "reversible phase transition," meaning they can turn from one form to the other and back. (eurekalert.org)
DECKER, B.F., KASPER, J.S.: The crystal structure of a simple rhombohedral form of boron. (springer.com)
The condenser cools the boron vapor as it passes by, causing liquid boron droplets to form. (scienceblog.com)
One method calls for providing a feedstock powder including boron nitride agglomerates, and heat treating the feedstock powder to form a heat treated boron nitride agglomerated powder. (freepatentsonline.com)
The report also offers other key insights about the Boron Phosphates Industry that will help established players or new entrants to form their success strategy. (mynewsdesk.com)
I see some companies have tri boron with 3 forms and some have single form. (anabolicminds.com)
I'm sure he would go into great detail, but the bottom line is, it's the most bioavailable form of Boron. (anabolicminds.com)

From chemistry to catalysis, materials, biology, and medicine, from theory to application, the main target of this conference is to gather Researchers and Experts in Phosphorus, Boron and Silicon community in order to provide all participants with the latest progress and inputs recorded in each field. (rsc.org)
In combination with adequate phosphorus , boron increases pollination, fruit set and seed development. (gardensalive.com)

In the complex treatment of joint diseases, various biologically active additives (BAA) are widely used, including boron. (rxmed.com)

The stress-strain behavior of five-layer boron-aluminum composites with from 12 to 15 volume per cent boron is discussed in detail. (astm.org)
The behavior of boron during the early evolution of the Solar System provides the foundation for how boron reservoirs become established in terrestrial planets. (elementsmagazine.org)

Boron affects the absorption of other nutrients. (oldhouseweb.com)

SCHEER, M.D.: The molecular weight and vapor pressure of gaseous boron suboxide. (springer.com)

Whether boron is useful in the treatment of osteoporosis, arthritis, other bone diseases, or hypertension will need to be studied further. (healthy.net)

The diffusion barrier layer can also be fabricated by forming a TiN x B y layer using a TDMAT process including boron. (google.com)

The side effects of boron are mild. (progressivehealth.com)

Currently, more multivitamin/minerals and bone supportive supplements are adding 1-2 mg. boron. (healthy.net)
The largest known boron deposits are in Turkey, the largest producer of boron minerals. (wikipedia.org)
We felt that it was an opportune moment to ask investigators active in research on boron to review developments in their respective fields so that readers could learn what was-and wasn't-known about boron and its minerals, geochemistry and petrology. (minsocam.org)

The simulated x-ray powder-diffraction pattern as well as the calculated lattice parameters of [B-12(N-N)](0.33)[B-12(NBN)](0.67) are found to be in good agreement with those of the experimentally synthesized boron subnitrides reported in the literature, verifying that B38N6 is the stable composition of a-rhombohedral-boron-like boron subnitride. (diva-portal.org)

Boron as sodium perborate is used as a bleach. (wikipedia.org)

Diborane inhalation or exposure to liquid boron hydride can adversely affect the lungs and nervous system. (healthy.net)
With an unstable fuel like boron hydride, that made the difference. (dictionary.com)
However, as DECKER and KASPER (1959) stated, α-boron had earlier been prepared by the decomposition of boron hydride and had also been found in some commercially prepared boron samples. (springer.com)

BEAN, K.E., MEDCALF, W.E.: Utilization of boron filaments in vapor-phase deposition of boron. (springer.com)
Demand is increasing for boron filaments, a high-strength, lightweight material chiefly employed for advanced aerospace structures. (radiochemistry.org)

today this remains a commercially important way to produce impure boron. (drugs.com)

The boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been utilized for cancer treatment from last decade, where chemotherapy and radiation have their own shortcomings. (mdpi.com)

SITARIK, J.P., ELLIS, W.C.: Preparation and morphology of boron filamentary crystals grown by the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism. (springer.com)
E. Buhro, Ph.D., Washington University professor of chemistry, and their collaborators report that they have made boron nanowhiskers by chemical vapor deposition. (innovations-report.com)
Two-dimensional boron would take a different forms, depending on the substrate used in chemical vapor deposition growth, according to Rice University researchers. (innovations-report.com)
Calculation of the atom-by-atom energies involved in creating a sheet of boron revealed that the metal substrate - the surface upon which two-dimensional materials are grown in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) furnace - would make all the difference. (innovations-report.com)

As the rods are lowered into the core, the boron absorbs neutrons, slowing the reaction. (encyclopedia.com)
The primary function of the boron is to provide a unique scintillation signal for low energy neutrons. (scribd.com)

Boron is the first element in Group 13 (IIIA) of the periodic table . (encyclopedia.com)
One candidate was boron, carbon's neighbor on the periodic table. (redorbit.com)
Until now largely obscure, boron occupies a special spot in the periodic table. (newscientist.com)
1. Boron is placed within groups 13 of the Periodic table as an element with properties of both metals and non-metals. (infobarrel.com)

In this paper, we investigate the eccentric connectivity index and connective eccentricity index of boron-nitrogen fullerenes, respectively. (scirp.org)
And we give computing formulas of eccentric connectivity index and connective eccentricity index of all boron-nitrogen fullerenes with regular structure. (scirp.org)
In this paper, we aim to investigate the ECI and CEI of a boron-nitrogen fullerene. (scirp.org)
In next section, we give computing formulas of ECI and CEI of a boron-nitrogen fullerene. (scirp.org)
In this section, according the classification of all boron-nitrogen fullerenes in Lemma 1, we will give computing formula of CEI of a (4,6)-fullerene. (scirp.org)

In 2007 we predicted the possibility of pure boron fullerenes," Yakobson said. (innovations-report.com)

The man who championed the use of boron in the treatment of osteoarthritis is Dr. Rex Newnham who took the time to study the effect of boron on the outcome of osteoarthritis. (progressivehealth.com)

They calculate that this is the most stable known theoretical structure for a boron nanotube. (newscientist.com)
The next step is to test the actual binding energies of boron clusters in the lab to see if they match any of the theoretical structures generated by the computer. (redorbit.com)
Theoretical physicist Boris Yakobson and his Rice colleagues found in previous work that CVD is probably the best way to make highly conductive 2-D boron and that gold or silver might be the best substrates. (innovations-report.com)

Ingestion of large amounts of boron can result in damage to the stomach, intestines, liver, kidney, and brain. (cdc.gov)
Studies in animals indicate that the male reproductive organs, especially the testes, are affected if large amounts of boron are ingested for short or long periods of time. (cdc.gov)
1 Environmental boron is taken up by plants in trace amounts, thereby contributing to dietary boron intake. (drugs.com)
Boron is present in significant amounts in recycled materials such as municipal solid waste (MSW) and coal fly ash, and therefore composts containing these ingredients may potentially exceed agronomic B levels, especially when used at heavy rates. (redorbit.com)
Though boron is supplied in small amounts, it is needed in continuous supply at growing points. (gardenguides.com)

We tried silicon and boron , and a lot of things that I have forgotten now. (dictionary.com)

Due to its short interatomic bond lengths and strongly covalent character, B 6 O displays a range of outstanding physical and chemical properties such as great hardness (close to that of rhenium diboride and boron nitride ), low mass density, high thermal conductivity, high chemical inertness, and excellent wear resistance. (wikipedia.org)
B 6 O of the α-rhombohedral boron type has been investigated because of its ceramic nature (hardness, high melting point, chemical stability, and low density) as a new structural material. (wikipedia.org)
B 6 O has a strong covalent nature and is easy to compose at high temperature more than 1973 K. [7] Boron Suboxide has also been reported to exhibit a wide range of superior properties such as high hardness with low density, high mechanical strength, oxidation resistance up to high temperatures as well as its high chemical inertness. (wikipedia.org)
[9] Preliminary first-principle ab initio density functional calculations of the structural properties boron suboxide (B 6 O) suggest that the strength of bonding in B 6 O may be enhanced by the presence of a high electronegativity interstitial in the structure. (wikipedia.org)
Because of excellent thermal and chemical stability, boron nitride ceramics are traditionally used as parts of high-temperature equipment. (wikipedia.org)
Taking boron by mouth in high doses is POSSIBLY UNSAFE while pregnant and breast feeding. (medlineplus.gov)
that is low boron soil levels and a high incidence of arthritis. (healthy.net)
Ultrapure boron for use in the semiconductor industry is produced by the decomposition of diborane at high temperatures and then further purified by the zone melting or Czochralski processes. (wikipedia.org)
They are optimized for consistently high purity and high boron content, and are available either as grain mixtures or in narrow grain size ranges according to FEPA standards. (3m.com)
The selected boron/epoxy exhibits high strength and specific stiffness, lightweight, good corrosion resistance, and suitability for molding. (sae.org)
South African natives who ate a high boron diet had a 3% incidence of arthritis. (all-natural.com)
Boron (B) is a trace element that is infrequently found at very high levels in composts( Purves and Mackenzie 1974). (redorbit.com)
A process for producing boron nitride using a boron containing ore as a starting material, by reacting naturally occurring ulexite with ammonia at high temperature, for a boron nitride with high impurity and at a high yield. (freepatentsonline.com)
Here, we report megabar IXS spectra for prototypical B 2 O 3 glasses at high pressure up to ∼120 GPa, where it is found that only four-coordinated boron ( [4] B) is prevalent. (pnas.org)
In an extension, they theorized that naturally forming, 12-atom icosahedrons of boron would assemble into interconnected sheets on copper and nickel, if the boron supply were high enough. (innovations-report.com)
Boron is a poor conductor of electricity at room temperature but a good conductor at high temperature. (radiochemistry.org)
However, boron can still be toxic to plants grown in soils with high concentrations of the element. (progressivehealth.com)
Still, high doses of boron can cause some side effects. (progressivehealth.com)
During planetary formation and differentiation, boron is redistributed by fluids at low temperature and during crystallization of magma oceans at high temperature. (elementsmagazine.org)

Examples of the analogous nonpoint source pollution in the case of boron would be MSW composting, where numerous household products and industrial chemicals and textiles are comingled in the final compost, each having boron from prior use in products such as PVC (for softening) and textiles and synthetic mattresses (for fire-resistance treatment). (redorbit.com)

Others have shown that increasing rates of compost decreases the uptake of boron where compost was not also the source of boron (Yermiyahu et al. (redorbit.com)
Tincal is the most important source of boron from the Mojave. (radiochemistry.org)

If this is true, it's interesting," says Sohrab Ismail-Beigi of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, whose earlier paper showed that this same structure would make stable flat sheets of boron. (newscientist.com)

The chemistry of boron is extremely complex, with entire texts devoted solely to this topic. (drugs.com)

The abundance of boron in the Earth 's crust is estimated to be about 10 parts per million. (encyclopedia.com)

Large quantities of boron can also cause poisoning. (medlineplus.gov)
Therefore, highly fertilized crops (with commercial fertilizer) provide much smaller quantities of boron. (all-natural.com)

Anatomy8

Organisms5

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs47

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Health Care1

Synthesis and in vivo murine evaluation of Na4[1-(1'-B10H9)-6-SHB10H8] as a potential agent for boron neutron capture therapy. (1/283)

Chronic feeding of a low boron diet adversely affects reproduction and development in Xenopus laevis. (2/283)

Natural treatments for osteoarthritis. (3/283)

The physical characteristics of neodymium iron boron magnets for tooth extrusion. (4/283)

Boron stimulates yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) growth. (5/283)

The durability of parylene coatings on neodymium-iron-boron magnets. (6/283)

Boron microlocalization in oral mucosal tissue: implications for boron neutron capture therapy. (7/283)

Boron supplementation of a semipurified diet for weanling pigs improves feed efficiency and bone strength characteristics and alters plasma lipid metabolites. (8/283)

Boron Compounds

Boranes

Boric Acids

Borates

Borohydrides

Neutron Capture Therapy

Isotopes

Neutrons

Nutritional Requirements

Phenylalanine

Radiation-Sensitizing Agents

Sulfhydryl Compounds

Trace Elements

Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion

Tissue Distribution

Brain Neoplasms

Immunoproteins

Cucurbita

Thiouracil

Diamond

Nanotubes

Xylem

Fluorine

Glioma

Drug Carriers

Aminoacylation

Chemical Processes

Cytoplasmic Structures

Germanium

Aluminum

Boron

Halogens

Phosphorus

Antiporters

Deuteroporphyrins

Esters

Cheek

Plants, Edible

Chemistry, Organic

Pectins

Nose Neoplasms

Spectrophotometry, Atomic

Neodymium

Stereoisomerism

Plant Roots

Liposomes

Nasal Cavity

Magnesium

Ketones

Petunia

Alpha Particles

Molecular Structure

Ribose

Silicon

Gluconates

Allyl Compounds

Hordeum

Rats, Inbred F344

Porphobilinogen Synthase

Glioblastoma

Nutritive Value

Boronic Acids

Aquaporins

Mannitol

Pharmaceutical Vehicles

Indicators and Reagents

Meningioma

Metabolic Clearance Rate

Alkenes

Diet

Haploidy

Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental

Weight Lifting

Melanoma, Experimental

Minerals

Blood-Brain Barrier

Methanol

Bone Density

Injections, Intra-Arterial

Fluorine Radioisotopes