Border disease virus. Medical search

A species of PESTIVIRUS causing a congenital sheep disease characterized by an abnormally hairy birth-coat, tremors, and poor growth.

Congenital disorder of lambs caused by a virus closely related to or identical with certain strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus.

A genus of ruminants in the family Bovidae. The common name chamois usually refers to the species Rupicapra rupicapra. Rupicapra pyrenaica, found in the Pyrenees, is more properly referred to as the Pyrenean chamois.

A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE, also known as mucosal disease virus group, which is not arthropod-borne. Transmission is by direct and indirect contact, and by transplacental and congenital transmission. Species include BORDER DISEASE VIRUS, bovine viral diarrhea virus (DIARRHEA VIRUS, BOVINE VIRAL), and CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER VIRUS.

A group of viruses in the genus PESTIVIRUS, causing diarrhea, fever, oral ulcerations, hemorrhagic syndrome, and various necrotic lesions among cattle and other domestic animals. The two species (genotypes), BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 , exhibit antigenic and pathological differences. The historical designation, BVDV, consisted of both (then unrecognized) genotypes.

A species of the PESTIVIRUS genus causing exceedingly contagious and fatal hemorrhagic disease of swine.

The most well known avian paramyxovirus in the genus AVULAVIRUS and the cause of a highly infectious pneumoencephalitis in fowl. It is also reported to cause CONJUNCTIVITIS in humans. Transmission is by droplet inhalation or ingestion of contaminated water or food.

Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.

The type species of APHTHOVIRUS, causing FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE in cloven-hoofed animals. Several different serotypes exist.

A species in the genus Bornavirus, family BORNAVIRIDAE, causing a rare and usually fatal encephalitic disease in horses and other domestic animals and possibly deer. Its name derives from the city in Saxony where the condition was first described in 1894, but the disease occurs in Europe, N. Africa, and the Near East.

Infections with viruses of the genus PESTIVIRUS, family FLAVIVIRIDAE.

Diseases of domestic and mountain sheep of the genus Ovis.

A species of AVIBIRNAVIRUS causing severe inflammation of the bursa of Fabricius in chickens and other fowl. Transmission is thought to be through contaminated feed or water. Vaccines have been used with varying degrees of success.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Acute disease of cattle caused by the bovine viral diarrhea viruses (DIARRHEA VIRUSES, BOVINE VIRAL). Often mouth ulcerations are the only sign but fever, diarrhea, drop in milk yield, and loss of appetite are also seen. Severity of clinical disease varies and is strain dependent. Outbreaks are characterized by low morbidity and high mortality.

A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE infecting mainly cloven-hoofed animals. They cause vesicular lesions and upper respiratory tract infections. FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS is the type species.

Nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for typing ruminant pestiviruses: bovine viral diarrhea viruses and border disease virus. (1/23)

A nested reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was evaluated for differentiating reference bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains, BVDV from diagnostic accessions, modified-live virus (MLV) BVDV strains in bovine viral vaccines, and a reference border disease virus (BDV). The detection level of this assay was compared to viral infection in cell culture. The PCR assay was used to distinguish 3 ruminant pestiviruses, types 1 and 2 BVDV, and type 3 BDV. The consensus (first) PCR assay detected all 3 ruminant pestiviruses, a result of the shared sequence homology. The consensus PCR product was subjected to a second (nested) PCR which used type-specific primers. The nested PCR was able to differentiate the 3 ruminant pestiviruses. Viral stocks of BVDV were diluted 10-fold and processed for the 2-step PCR assay. The sensitivity of this 2-step PCR assay was compared to viral infectivity in cell culture based on identical volumes of the system tested (cell culture assay and processing for RNA). The RT-PCR type-specific assay differentiated BVDV laboratory reference strains (12), diagnostic laboratory isolates (15), 2 MLV BVDV vaccine strains, and a BDV strain. The 30 ruminant pestiviruses typed included: (1) 27 reference strains and diagnostic laboratory isolates; 18 cytopathic (CP) type 1 strains, 3 CP type 2 strains, 3 noncytopathic (NCP) type 1 strains, and 3 NCP type 2 strains; (2) 2 MLV strains, type 1; and (3) 1 CP BDV type 3. The PCR assay had a detection limit of 10 TCID50/0.025 mL of virus when 3 separate BVDV were tested. This 2 step RT-PCR assay would be useful for the typing of ruminant pestiviruses, particularly BVDV isolates from the diagnostic laboratory. (+info)

A RT-PCR assay for the rapid recognition of border disease virus. (2/23)

A reverse transcription--polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was developed for the specific detection of border disease virus (BDV), using the primers PBD1 and PBD2 flanking a 225 bp DNA fragment, selected from the 5'noncoding region of the pestivirus genome. In tests on 70 pestiviruses it was shown to be BDV-specific. A closed, one-tube nested RT-PCR method employing general pestivirus outer primers (324 and 326), and the same BDV-specific inner primers (PBD1 and PBD2) in conjunction with a BDV-specific fluorogenic TaqMan probe also detected only BDV and was more sensitive. BDV-specific RT-PCR was used in combination with a PCR specific for bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 2 (BVDV2) to ascertain whether virus stocks contained mixtures of BDV and BVDV2. It was shown that the ovine pestivirus strains 175375 and 59386 were originally BDV, but after subculture had become contaminated with BVDV2. This explains a previously reported discrepancy in the genetic typing of 59386. Although the BDV-specific RT-PCR can also detect BDV in clinical samples, the assay is likely to be most useful for the rapid typing of laboratory pestivirus strains. (+info)

Experimental model of Border Disease Virus infection in lambs: comparative pathogenicity of pestiviruses isolated in France and Tunisia. (3/23)

Pestiviruses have been isolated from live sheep pox Tunisian vaccines. Vaccination with these vaccines caused outbreaks of Border Disease in Tunisia. In order to study more precisely the pathogenicity of these isolates, three groups of eight four month old lambs from a pestivirus-free flock were infected by the intratracheal route with a French strain (AV) and two Tunisian isolates (SN3G and Lot21). Clinical, hematological, immunological and virological parameters were evaluated. The three groups developed mild fever and leucopaenia by day 3 to 6 post infection (pi). The differences in the weight curves were not significant. Viruses were isolated from the peripheral blood buffy coat cells by day 4 to 9 pi. Antibodies were present on day 16 pi following infection by the French strain and on day 21 pi with the Tunisian isolates. The results demonstrated that SN3G and Lot21 are almost similar to the French strain used as the reference strain. In field conditions, they could induce economical losses in naive flocks, alone or in association with other pathogens. (+info)

The envelope glycoprotein E2 is a determinant of cell culture tropism in ruminant pestiviruses. (4/23)

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) isolates infect cultured Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells as efficiently as sheep kidney cells. In contrast, border disease virus (BDV) propagates poorly in MDBK cells but infects sheep cells very efficiently. The envelope glycoprotein E2 has been shown to be essential for virus infectivity. To explore the potential role of E2 in pestivirus host range in cell cultures, we engineered a chimeric BVDV with the E2 coding region from BDV. As expected, the BVDV-E2(bdv) chimera retained the ability of BDV to multiply in sheep cells but experienced a remarkable reduction in its ability to propagate and form plaques in MDBK, a phenotype that is characteristic of the E2 donor, BDV31 virus. Control chimeric BVDV bearing a type II E2 demonstrated that the heterologous E2 does not impair replication in MDBK or lamb cells. These results establish a role for E2 in determining the tropism of a pestivirus in cell culture. (+info)

Virulence, immunogenicity and vaccine properties of a novel chimeric pestivirus. (5/23)

A chimeric pestivirus of border disease virus Gifhorn and bovine viral diarrhea virus CP7 (Meyers et al., 1996) was constructed. Virulence, immunogenicity and vaccine properties of the chimeric virus were studied in a vaccination-challenge experiment in pigs. The chimeric virus proved to be avirulent and neither chimeric virus nor viral RNA was detected in serum after vaccination. The safety of the vaccine was tested by horizontal transmission to sentinel pigs, which remained uninfected. The vaccine efficacy was examined by challenge infection with classical swine fever virus (CSFV) Eystrup. In 'challenge controls', the viral load of CSFV coincided with the development of pronounced clinical symptoms. In contrast, the vaccinated pigs showed transient and weak clinical signs. Analysis of the viral load in these pigs showed 1000-fold lower viral RNA levels compared to 'challenge controls' and horizontal transmission of challenge virus to sentinel pigs was not observed. (+info)

Chimeric pestiviruses: candidates for live-attenuated classical swine fever marker vaccines. (6/23)

The use of attenuated classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strains as live vaccines is no longer allowed for the control of classical swine fever in Europe, due to the inability to differentiate between infected and vaccinated animals (Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals; DIVA), except as emergency vaccines or as bait vaccines for wild boars. Thus, the establishment of a DIVA vaccine(s) is of pivotal importance for the control of this infectious disease. In this study, recombinant versions of the live-attenuated vaccine strain CSFV Riems were generated by replacing parts of the E2 gene with the corresponding sequence of border disease virus strain Gifhorn. Three cDNA clones were constructed: pRiems-ABC-Gif, pRiems-A-Gif and pRiems-BC-Gif. Infectious particles were obtained from clones pRiems-ABC-Gif and pRiems-BC-Gif only, whereas transfected RNA from clone pRiems-A-Gif behaved like a replicon. Based on its ability to be differentiated in vitro from wild-type CSFV by mAbs, vRiems-ABC-Gif was assessed for immunogenicity and protection against challenge infection in pigs. Before challenge, no CSFV-specific anti-E2 antibodies could be detected with commercial E2-blocking ELISAs in vRiems-ABC-Gif-vaccinated animals, whereas vRiems-vaccinated pigs developed high titres of anti-E2 antibodies, confirming the marker properties of this vaccine candidate. After oral vaccination, only partial protection against challenge infection was observed in the vRiems-ABC-Gif vaccinees, whereas all intramuscularly vaccinated animals and all vRiems-vaccinated animals were fully protected. These experiments suggest that the strategy of exchanging specific antigenic epitopes among pestiviruses is a promising tool for the development of new CSFV marker vaccines. (+info)

Border disease virus among chamois, Spain. (7/23)

(+info)

Detection of Border disease virus in fetuses, stillbirths, and newborn lambs from natural and experimental infections. (8/23)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen detection in blood or fetal fluids and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification in tissues for routine laboratory diagnosis of Border disease virus (BDV) infection. Samples from 67 fetuses, 6 stillbirths, and 11 lambs from 25 commercial flocks with suspicion of BDV abortion and 3 fetuses, 7 stillbirths, and 15 lambs obtained from an experimental infection with a local isolate (BDV genotype 4) were investigated. Presence of BDV was detected by RT-PCR in 7.9% of fetuses, 50% of stillbirths, and 50% of lambs from the commercial flocks analyzed, corresponding to 8 of the 25 farms (32%). A similar percentage of the lambs and stillbirths from the experimental infection were positive by RT-PCR of tissue samples (54.5%), and the highest positivity was detected in lymph node, thyroid gland, and kidney. The current study revealed that RT-PCR analysis of stillbirths and lambs with clinical symptoms is more suitable than the analysis of fetuses to confirm the presence of BDV in a flock. Pestiviral antigen was detected by antigen ELISA in a high proportion of fetuses (24/58) and stillbirths (3/4) from commercial flocks, but in lambs, the presence of colostral antibodies masked the detection of the antigen by ELISA. Nevertheless, in lambs from the experimental infection that were not fed colostrum, antigen ELISA was less efficient than RT-PCR in detecting viral presence in stillbirths and lambs. Antigen ELISA is therefore recommended for fetuses with advanced autolysis that can adversely affect RNA integrity. (+info)

This condition is most commonly found in sheep and goats that are raised on overgrazed pastures or those that are fed moldy or contaminated feed. The worm that causes border disease is a type of liver fluke, which is a parasite that lives in the animal's liver and lungs.

Symptoms: The symptoms of border disease can include weight loss, anemia, coughing, difficulty breathing, and a thickened, irregular border to the hoof. The affected animals may also have a rough, scaly coat and may lose their appetite.

Diagnosis: Border disease is typically diagnosed based on a physical examination of the animal and laboratory tests, such as blood tests or X-rays. The presence of liver flukes in the animal's liver and lungs can be confirmed through these tests.

Treatment: Treatment for border disease typically involves the use of anti-parasitic drugs to kill the liver flukes. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to provide supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and oxygen therapy.

Prevention: Preventing border disease involves taking steps to reduce the risk of infection with liver flukes. This can include providing animals with clean water and a balanced diet, avoiding overgrazing of pastures, and using anthelmintic drugs to control internal parasites.

Prognosis: The prognosis for animals with border disease is generally good if the condition is diagnosed and treated early. However, if left untreated, the condition can be severe and potentially fatal.

There are several types of pestivirus infections, including:

1. Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD): This is one of the most common pestivirus infections in cattle, and it can cause a range of symptoms, including diarrhea, fever, and weight loss.
2. Border disease: This is a serious pestivirus infection that affects sheep and goats, and it can cause severe symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and death.
3. Maedi-visna: This is a progressive pestivirus infection that affects sheep and goats, and it can cause weight loss, anemia, and death.
4. Sumatran sheep virus: This is a rare pestivirus infection that affects sheep and goats in Indonesia, and it can cause severe symptoms such as fever, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Pestivirus infections are transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated feces and urine. They can also be spread through blood transfusions and contaminated needles.

Diagnosis of pestivirus infections is typically made through a combination of clinical signs, laboratory tests, and serology. Treatment is primarily supportive, and may include antibiotics for secondary bacterial infections.

Prevention of pestivirus infections includes vaccination, strict biosecurity measures, and proper handling and disposal of animal waste.

In summary, pestivirus infections are a group of viral diseases that can affect cattle and other ruminants, causing a range of symptoms and potentially leading to severe illness and death. Diagnosis is made through laboratory tests and serology, and treatment is primarily supportive. Prevention includes vaccination, biosecurity measures, and proper waste handling.

Sheep diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and environmental factors. Here are some common sheep diseases and their meanings:

1. Scrapie: A fatal neurological disorder that affects sheep and goats, caused by a prion.
2. Ovine Progressive Pneumonia (OPP): A contagious respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium ovipneumoniae.
3. Maedi-Visna: A slow-progressing pneumonia caused by a retrovirus, which can lead to OPP.
4. Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD): A highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals, including sheep and goats.
5. Bloat: A condition caused by gas accumulation in the rumen, which can lead to abdominal pain and death if not treated promptly.
6. Pneumonia: An inflammation of the lungs, often caused by bacteria or viruses.
7. Cryptosporidiosis: A diarrheal disease caused by Cryptosporidium parvum, which can be fatal in young lambs.
8. Babesiosis: A blood parasitic disease caused by Babesia oviparasites, which can lead to anemia and death if left untreated.
9. Fascioliasis: A liver fluke infection that can cause anemia, jaundice, and liver damage.
10. Anthrax: A serious bacterial disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, which can be fatal if left untreated.

Sheep diseases can have a significant impact on the health and productivity of flocks, as well as the economy of sheep farming. It is important for sheep farmers to be aware of these diseases and take appropriate measures to prevent and control them.

The disease is typically transmitted through close contact with infected animals, and can be spread through respiratory droplets, contaminated feces, or contaminated surfaces. The virus can also be transmitted from dam to fetus during pregnancy, causing congenital BVD.

BVD-MD is characterized by acute diarrhea, vomiting, and fever, as well as mucosal lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. In severe cases, it can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and even death.

Diagnosis of BVD-MD is typically made through a combination of clinical signs, laboratory tests such as PCR or ELISA, and histopathological examination of tissue samples. There is no specific treatment for the disease, but supportive care such as fluids, electrolytes, and antibiotics may be provided to manage symptoms.

Prevention of BVD-MD includes vaccination of animals at risk, strict biosecurity measures, and separation of infected animals from healthy ones. Control programs should also include testing of animals for the presence of the virus and monitoring of herds for signs of the disease.

The symptoms of FMD can vary depending on the severity of the infection and the age of the animal. In mild cases, the only symptoms may be a slight fever and blisters on the feet, while in severe cases, the blisters may become ulcers, and the animal may develop difficulty swallowing or eating, leading to weight loss and dehydration.

The virus is transmitted through contact with infected animals or their secretions, such as saliva, mucus, and manure. It can also be spread by contaminated feed or equipment, and by insects such as flies and midges. The incubation period for FMD is typically 3-14 days, but it can range from 2 to 30 days.

FMD is a significant threat to animal health and welfare, and can have severe economic consequences for farmers and the livestock industry as a whole. In addition, the disease can be transmitted to humans through close contact with infected animals, although this is rare.

There are several tests available to diagnose FMD, including serological tests such as ELISAs and virus isolation techniques. The disease is typically controlled through a combination of stamping out (killing all animals in an affected herd) and vaccination. Vaccination can be used to protect animals that are not yet infected, or to reduce the severity of the disease in animals that are already infected.

In summary, foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cloven-hoofed animals and can have severe economic and animal health consequences. It is characterized by fever, blisters on the feet and in the mouth, and difficulty swallowing or eating. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs and laboratory tests, and control measures include stamping out and vaccination.

... it was reported by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention that the virus had killed 20 people in China in 2014, ... "Hong Kong reports first H7N9 death; officials step up border checks". December 26, 2013. Archived from the original on December ... Viruses portal Antigenic shift Influenza A virus subtype H9N2 Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 Pandemic H1N1/09 virus Influenza ... is a bird flu strain of the species Influenza virus A (avian influenza virus or bird flu virus). Avian influenza A H7 viruses ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H7N9

Doctors without Borders / Medecins sans Frontieres dispatched a team to Mali late October, to provide technical support to the ... Africa Ebola virus epidemic in Guinea Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone Ebola virus disease ... Tuberculosis, which is a bacterial disease (not a virus like Ebola), is also a leading cause of disease in Mali. Following the ... Ebola virus disease in Mali occurred in October 2014, leading to concern about the possibility of an outbreak of Ebola in Mali ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease_in_Mali

Médecins Sans Frontières/Doctors Without Borders. 13 September 2016. "Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak Uganda Situation Reports". ... "Ebola Virus Disease Distribution Map: Cases of Ebola Virus Disease in Africa Since 1976". Centers for Disease Control and ... Ebola Virus Disease - External Situation Report 6". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 12 September 2018. "Ebola virus disease - Democratic ... "Ebola virus disease - Democratic Republic of the Congo: Disease outbreak news, 4 August 2018". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 5 August ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kivu_Ebola_epidemic

Scholia has a topic profile for Zika virus. Wikiquote has quotations related to Zika virus. "Zika virus". Centers for Disease ... Scientific Animations without Borders and the World Health Organization (WHO). Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. ... Zika fever (also known as Zika virus disease) is an illness caused by Zika virus. Around 80% of cases are estimated to be ... "Zika Virus". All Countries & Territories with Active Zika Virus Transmission. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zika_virus

"Ebola Virus Disease & Marburg Virus Disease - Chapter 3 - 2018 Yellow Book , Travelers' Health , CDC". wwwnc.cdc.gov. Centers ... "WHO supports containment of rare virus on Uganda-Kenya border". World Health Organization. Retrieved 21 October 2017. "Marburg ... Marburg virus disease Marburg virus Filoviridae Athumani, Halima. "Uganda Confirms 1 Death From Ebola-like Marburg Virus". VOA ... "Ebola-like Marburg virus kills two in Uganda". Daily Nation. Retrieved 21 October 2017. "Marburg virus disease - Uganda and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Uganda_Marburg_virus_outbreak

Treatments that are commonly used for this disease include insecticides, border crops, and growing varieties with genetic ... There are closely related virus species including: Pepper leaf curl Bangladesh virus Pepper leaf curl Lahore virus Pepper leaf ... Pepper leaf curl virus (PepLCV) is a DNA virus from the genus Begomovirus and the family Geminiviridae. PepLCV causes severe ... Currently, a source of resistance to the virus has been identified in the Bhut Jolokia pepper. This virus consists of a single ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepper_leaf_curl_virus

"History of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Outbreaks , History , Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease) , CDC". www.cdc.gov. 15 September 2022. ... "Uganda: Four things to know about the Ebola outbreak". Doctors Without Borders - USA. Archived from the original on 7 October ... as well as an outbreak of Bundibugyo virus disease in 2007 and an Ebola virus disease outbreak in 2019. No human outbreaks of ... "Ebola Disease caused by Sudan virus - Uganda". www.who.int. Archived from the original on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Uganda_Ebola_outbreak

"Effects of border crops and intercrops on control of cucurbit virus diseases". Plant Disease. 91 (5): 509-516. doi:10.1094/pdis ... "Effect of garlic and onion extracts or their intercropping on suppressing damping-off and powdery mildew diseases and growth ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_companion_plants

3: timeline of federal government failure at border to slow the virus". Edmonton Journal. Retrieved 5 August 2020. Government ... Aviation portal COVID-19 portal Medicine portal Viruses portal 2020 in aviation Epidemiology - Study of health and disease ... "Updated Interim Guidance for Airlines and Airline Crew: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)". U.S. Centers for Disease Control ... CDC (11 February 2020). "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 4 November ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_aviation

Republic of the Congo: at least 9 people died between 4 and 14 May of a disease, of which the symptoms point to Ebola virus ... bordering on Angola. The World Health Organization estimated on 8 April that the border countries of Angola (Namibia, Republic ... Sickle-cell disease is a genetic blood disease, primarily touching Africa. Republic of the Congo: the government announced the ... This disease is responsible for the death of a million people each year, of which 90% in Africa. The 5th Forum of the Roll Back ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_in_Africa

Ebola virus is a highly contagious and deadly disease in humans. The disease can be transmitted from animals to humans and then ... Doctors Without Borders press release (Source attribution, Wikipedia articles with style issues from April 2022, All articles ... "Transmission dynamics and control of Ebola virus disease (EVD): a review". BMC Medicine. 12. doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0196-0. "2 ... The Ebola crisis in Liberia continued in 2015, only this time the disease has been narrowed to two of the counties of Bighorn ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_Liberia

"First report of border disease virus in Melophagus ovinus (sheep ked) collected in Xinjiang, China". PLOS ONE. 14 (8): e0221435 ... with the largest camp lying between the border of Aktu and the city of Kashgar (Kashi). Philip Wen and Sanghee Liu (1 March ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujme

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus is closely related and crossreacts with Bluetongue virus on many blood tests. "Q&A: ... In 2007, the first case of bluetongue in the Czech Republic was detected in one bull near Cheb at the Czech-German border. In ... Red deer are an exception, and in them the disease may be as acute as in sheep. Bluetongue is caused by the pathogenic virus, ... Handbook of Animal Diseases in the Tropics, 1976. ISBN 0-901028-10-X Jensen, R. and Swift, B.L. Diseases of Sheep, Lea and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetongue_disease

The virus does not infect humans. The disease was first described in 1942 in Côte d'Ivoire, and has since been detected in more ... In 2018, it was stated that the disease was reported to be in Bulgaria close to the border with Turkey. In a flock of 540 sheep ... Sheep and goat diseases, Animal viral diseases, Infectious diseases with eradication efforts, Paramyxoviridae). ... WAHID Interface - OIE World Animal Health Information Database Disease card WikiVet summary of disease and links to key ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovine_rinderpest

... this new development highlights the need for increased surveillance of cross border traffic in an effort to contain the disease ... Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia Ebola virus disease in Mali Ebola virus disease in Nigeria ... Kankan also borders the district of Kerouane in this country, one of the areas with the most intense virus transmissions. The ... "Ebola virus disease in Guinea (Situation as of 25 March 2014)". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 22 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_epidemic_in_Guinea

In the 1980s, two visitors to the cave contracted Marburg virus disease. In 1980, a French man died from the disease after ... into the side of Mount Elgon near the Kenyan border with Uganda. The walls are rich in salt, and animals such as elephants have ... In the 1980s, two European visitors contracted Marburg virus disease there. It is one of five named "elephant caves" of Mount ... Despite sampling a wide variety of species (including fruit bats), no Marburg disease-causing viruses were found and the animal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitum_Cave

"Ebola virus disease, West Africa (Update of 26 May 2014)". Afro.who.int. Archived from the original on 2014-07-29. Retrieved 1 ... from the World Health Organization and Doctors Without Borders arrive in Sierra Leone to deal with an outbreak of Ebola virus. ... "Ebola virus disease, West Africa - update 18 July 2014". Afro.who.int. 18 July 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-07-25. ... "Ebola virus disease, West Africa - update 23 June 2014". WHO. Archived from the original on 2014-07-28. Retrieved 1 November ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_in_Sierra_Leone

There have been 10 outbreaks of the Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Additionally, hemorrhagic ... Cross-border cholera remains difficult to track due to the lack of collaboration and communication between the Sub-Saharan ... The highest annual attack rates occurred in 2011 in the Eastern provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo that border the ... Bwire, Godfrey; Mwesawina, Maurice; Baluku, Yosia; Kanyanda, Setiala S. E.; Orach, Christopher Garimoi (2016). "Cross-Border ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo

... this time in the village of Lung Na near the Chinese border. The virus has already struck duck farms in the central province of ... making it tougher to detect the disease in the country hardest hit by the virus, officials said. Sick or dead chickens are used ... The mutations in the H5N1 virus strain were not drastic enough to make the virus infectious enough to spark a pandemic, but ... days after his 24-year old son died from the disease." CBS News: Bird flu soars Officials confirm H5N1 virus at Japanese farm ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_spread_of_H5N1_in_2007

"High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their ... On 3 February, the Government of Fiji toughened border security. Borders were closed to foreign nationals who have been in ... The virus penetrated prominent hospitals of Fiji including the Fiji CDC, Lautoka Hospital and the headquarters of the Ministry ... "Fiji's borders closed to all foreign nationals who have been in China within 14 days of their travel to Fiji". fijivillage.com ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Fiji

According to the Global Disease Burden, oral diseases in Uganda contribute 0.38% of total DALYs. This is lower than its ... 2017 Uganda Marburg virus outbreak. The policy of allowing refugees to freely move within the country increases the risk of ... spreading these outbreaks beyond refugee camp borders. According to the 2015 Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) report: The ... The disease affected children aged 5-15 years, mainly in the Acholi sub-region and a few in the Lango sub-region. Over 3,000 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_Uganda

Centers for Disease Control (CDC), and NGOs such as Doctors Without Borders; medical evacuations, visa restrictions, border ... Thus Ebola virus disease spread for several months before it was recognized as such. In late October 2014, the child was ... "Ebola virus disease, West Africa (Update of 26 May 2014)". Afro.who.int. Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved ... "Ebola virus disease, West Africa - update 18 July 2014". Afro.who.int. Archived from the original on 25 July 2014. Retrieved 13 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic_timeline

"Prolonged nasal shedding and viraemia of cytopathogenic bovine virus diarrhoea virus in experimental late-onset mucosal disease ... Other members of this genus cause Border disease (sheep) and classical swine fever (pigs) which cause significant financial ... Bovine diseases, Animal viral diseases, Unaccepted virus taxa). ... or mucosal disease, and previously referred to as bovine virus ... Ncp viruses can induce persistent infection in cells and have an intact NS2/3 protein. In cp viruses the NS2/3 protein is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine_viral_diarrhea

It suffers from a virus disease that causes leaf discolouration, yellowing and streaking. It seems immune to insect pests, but ... It can be grown in a mixed flower border, rock garden, and in a woodland garden. If the plant is to be grown in a rockery, it ... A final reason known, was that it was planted to avert the 'evil spirits' and a superstition that they prevent disease from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_tectorum

He was at the forefront of the 2000 Ebola virus disease outbreak in Uganda until he died from the disease. Lukwiya, an ethnic ... His mother was a petty trader who smuggled tea across the border with Sudan to trade for soap. Lukwiya was one of four sons. ... Maria spent most of that night reading reports from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World ... Sam Okware, Uganda's Commissioner of Community Health Services, who dispatched a team from the Uganda Virus Research Institute ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_Lukwiya

"Ebola virus disease". Retrieved 15 August 2014. King JW (2 April 2008). "Ebola Virus". eMedicine. WebMD. Retrieved 6 October ... Many of these villages bordered the Zaire River (now the Congo River). The river runs along the border on the south side of the ... "Ebola virus disease - Democratic Republic of the Congo: Disease outbreak news, 25 July 2018". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 26 July 2018 ... "Years of Ebola Virus Disease Outbreaks". www.cdc.gov. 18 May 2018. Retrieved 22 May 2018. Heymann, D. L.; et al. (1980). "Ebola ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_Zaire_Ebola_virus_outbreak

While border disease is caused by border disease virus, in areas of the world where close contact between sheep and goats and ... Border disease is caused by Pestivirus D, also called simply "border disease virus" (BDV), in the family Flaviviridae. It is ... "Border disease in sheep caused by transmission of virus from cattle persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus". ... Border disease (BD) is a viral disease of sheep and goats, primarily causing congenital diseases, but can also cause acute and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_disease

... virus epidemic in Guinea Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia Ebola virus disease in Mali Ebola virus disease in Nigeria Ebola virus ... "Ebola: Liberia confirms cases, Senegal shuts border". BBC News. 31 March 2014. "Sierra Leone News: "No Ebola Virus in Sierra ... Disease outbreaks in Sierra Leone, West African Ebola virus epidemic, Infectious disease deaths in Sierra Leone). ... It was identified as Ebola virus disease and spread to Sierra Leone by May 2014. The disease was thought to have originated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_epidemic_in_Sierra_Leone

Mali, which shares a border with Guinea, has implemented a contingency plan for prevention of Ebola Virus Disease. This ... "Ebola virus disease, West Africa - update 25 July 2014". WHO: Outbreak news. 25 July 2014. Archived from the original on 22 ... "Ebola virus disease, West Africa - update 28 August 2014". WHO. 28 August 2014. Archived from the original on 1 September 2014 ... "Ebola virus disease update news 4 August 2014". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on August 4, 2014. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responses_to_the_West_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic

On 24 March, he imposed a state of emergency and closed the borders. The first two cases of the corona virus disease was ... "Ethiopia Closes Land Border, Deploys Troops to Combat Virus". bloomberg.com. Retrieved 23 March 2020. "Ethiopia Declares State ... The virus has spread throughout the continent. Lesotho, the last African sovereign state to have remained free of the virus, ... and border closures. Other measures to contain and limit the spread of the virus has included curfews, lockdowns, and enforcing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa

The Federal Crime Office implemented programs with China and Nigeria to combat cross-border trafficking and improve and expand ... A quarter of the arrested unregistered prostitutes had multiple infections with sexually transmitted diseases. On the other ... ". "Beverly Hills Club Wien is still closed after the 2020 corona virus lockdown". 4 September 2020. "Sozialistische Jugend ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution_in_Austria

"Study of Ebola Virus Disease Survivors in Guinea: Table 1". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 61 (7): 1035-1042. doi:10.1093/cid/ ... In 2014, due to the fact that Cafferkey had passed through border controls and travelled on a domestic flight from Heathrow to ... The prognosis after recovery from Ebola virus disease can include joint pains, muscular pain, skin peeling, or hair loss. In a ... Pauline Cafferkey is a Scottish nurse and aid worker who contracted Ebola virus disease in 2014 while working in Sierra Leone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauline_Cafferkey

The disease is caused by the monkeypox virus, a zoonotic virus in the genus Orthopoxvirus. The variola virus, the causative ... informed that the Ministry declared an epidemiological alert on the borders of the Central American country, with the objective ... On 14 June, the WHO announced plans to rename the monkeypox virus in order to combat stigma and racism surrounding the disease ... It is unknown how the patient contracted the disease, but likely contracted the disease abroad, via skin-to-skin contact or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_monkeypox_outbreak_in_North_America

... even for such objective cases such as an emergency room exposure to the Ebola virus disease. Texas passed a "tort reform" law ... 1] Towers Perrin, Tillinghast, U.S. Tort Costs and Cross-Border Perspectives: 2005 Update, (New York, NY: Towers Perrin, March ... Using these numbers, medical malpractice is the third leading cause of death in the United States, only behind heart disease ... Likewise, damage can occur without negligence, for example, when someone dies from a fatal disease. In cases involving suicide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_malpractice_in_the_United_States

The disease is caused by the monkeypox virus, a zoonotic virus in the genus Orthopoxvirus. The variola virus, the causative ... Fiji: The country's Centre for Disease Control and Border Health Protection Unit are monitoring the situation. The Ministry of ... Disease outbreaks in New Zealand, Disease outbreaks in Norway, Disease outbreaks in Peru, Disease outbreaks in Poland, Disease ... Disease outbreaks in Belgium, Disease outbreaks in Brazil, Disease outbreaks in Bulgaria, Disease outbreaks in Canada, Disease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_monkeypox_outbreak

AIDS is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Primary modes of HIV ... implications of all government and policy decisions to improve health equity across all populations residing within the borders ... Gum disease has been linked to diseases such as cardiovascular disease. Diseases of poverty reflect the dynamic relationship ... These diseases produced in part by poverty are in contrast to diseases of affluence, which are diseases thought to be a result ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diseases_of_poverty

Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 21 (2): 224-231. doi:10.3201/eid2102.131879. PMC ... as well as for use in cross-border travel. Sigvaria developed ImmunizeCA, a smartphone application with various vaccine-related ... has also worked with researchers at SickKids to study the development of asthma following severe respiratory syncytial virus ... "ACIP Current Membership Roster". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 12 January 2022. Archived from the original ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_Deeks

"Coronavirus: Europe's open borders threatened by spread of disease". The Independent. 28 February 2020. Archived from the ... "Aktuelle Zahlen zum Corona-Virus". bmi.gv.at (in German). Retrieved 12 September 2022. "Austria: WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID ... The virus was confirmed to have spread to Belgium on 4 February 2020, when one of a group of nine Belgians repatriated from ... The virus was confirmed to have spread to Ukraine when the country's first case was confirmed to be hospitalized in Chernivtsi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Europe

United Kingdom Coronavirus disease 2019 Medicine Viruses (CS1 errors: generic name, Articles with short description, Short ... "Covid-19: US border reopens and remorse over pandemic purchases". BBC News. 8 November 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021. Editor ... "Winter vomiting virus warning for England". BBC News. 16 July 2021. "Covid-19: UK daily cases surpass 50,000 and F1 fans return ... Ronapreve, a drug that uses a pair of laboratory created COVID antibodies to treat the virus, is approved for use in the UK. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_(July–December_2021)

"Ilocos Sur closes borders with Mt. Province temporarily to prevent UK virus variant entry". GMA News. February 1, 2021. ... January 9 DOH announced 1,952 fresh new cases of the disease, the highest number of daily cases in a span of more than 3 weeks ... Two of its borders are located at barangay Aluling and Commilas in the town of Cervantes. February 5 Foreigners with valid visa ... "PH virus tally breaches half a million less than a year after first case". ABS-CBN News. January 17, 2021. Retrieved January 17 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_(2021)

These workers risk their lives to cross the border - facing extreme heat and the risk of being caught by border control to find ... COVID-19 in the dormitories saw a more rapid spread of the virus compared to the rest of the population in Singapore. According ... A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury". Environment ... In Thailand, migrants come from bordering countries such as Burma, Laos and Cambodia. Many face hardships such as lack of food ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migrant_worker

In an open field in the Junkyard, a giant egg-like object with tentacles with no apparent origin appears on the border between ... There, Sera faces the human form of Angel, who threatens to delete the Junkyard with a computer virus if Sera does not return ... The game's setting was inspired in Satomi's mind by the frequent reporting of natural disasters and outbreaks of diseases ... While they attempt to rescue Serah, Angel plans to subvert Cuvier and use the demon virus to create a society ruled by the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shin_Megami_Tensei:_Digital_Devil_Saga

She is escorted to the Shell 1 Core computer room by Raiden to download a virus into AI GW so that it will not be used by the ... The reason you're aging so rapidly isn't because of disease, or faulty research, or FOXDIE. It's how you were born. It's your ... Militaires Sans Frontieres (国境なき軍隊, Kokkyō Naki Guntai, translated as "Soldiers Without Borders") is Naked Snake's mercenary ... After he gives away his detonation code to Ocelot, Snake is unable to rescue him before as he is killed by the FoxDie virus; he ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Metal_Gear_characters

... of the virus, obtained by Pasteur Institute scientists from a man in Dakar, Senegal, who survived his bout with the disease.[ ... and be able to present a vaccination record/certificate at the border checks.: 45 In most cases, this travel requirement ... This reaction, known as yellow fever vaccine-associated acute viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD), causes a fairly severe disease ... The vaccine can be used to control outbreaks of disease. It is given either by injection into a muscle or just under the skin. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever_vaccine

Animal fungal diseases, Mycosis-related cutaneous conditions, Oral mucosal pathology, Fungal diseases). ... The global human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic has been an important factor in ... Erythematous candidiasis usually has a diffuse border that helps distinguish it from erythroplakia, which normally has a ... It is often described as being "a disease of the diseased", occurring in the very young, the very old, or the very sick. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_candidiasis

Studying ways of preventing or treating diseases caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), herpes simplex virus, and dengue ... Martinez, Norma (27 November 2017). "FRONTERAS: Life Of A Border Agent; Bipartisan DACA Support; Hispanics And Heart Disease". ... Developing vaccine strategies for Ebola, HIV, Lassa virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis viruses, and herpes. ... Developing an animal model to test vaccines to protect people against the Zika virus. On April 14, 2018, four baboons escaped ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Biomedical_Research_Institute

Between 1998 and 2000, co-circulating Marburg virus and Ravn virus caused 154 cases of Marburg virus disease and 128 deaths ... Haut-Uele was bordered by French territory to the north, British territory to the east, Ituri and Stanleyville districts to the ... A 1955-1957 map shows Haut-Uele District bordered by French territory to the north, Ituri District to the southeast, ... 2006). "Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever Associated with Multiple Genetic Lineages of Virus" (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haut-Uele_District

"High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their ... "Rapa Nui mantendrá fronteras cerradas para turistas" [Rapa Nui will keep borders closed for tourists]. La Prensa Austral (in ... Agence France-Presse (5 April 2020). "Easter Island inhabitants turn to tradition to tackle virus troubles". The Jakarta Post. ... while also safeguarding the elderly from the disease, who are especially valued in local tradition yet also especially ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island

The theme for NLAAD in 2004 was Abre Los Ojos: el VIH No Tiene Fronteras - Open Your Eyes: HIV Has No Borders. The day was ... "Statement of Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, on National Latino Aids ... and aims to increase awareness of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in the Hispanic/ ... Secretary of Health and Human Services and Anthony Fauci as Director of National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Latino_AIDS_Awareness_Day

July 29 West Nile virus in the United States: Colorado reports their first West Nile virus of this year in a person from Delta ... and one of the busiest international border crossings in North America, blockade the border crossing in response to vaccine ... August 22 Infectious disease expert Anthony Fauci announces that he will retire at the end of the year. FBI search of Mar-a- ... August 17 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announces an overhaul of operations so that the agency can respond to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_in_the_United_States

Several bordering areas of Canada also have high Lyme risk. In the absence of an EM rash or history of tick exposure, Lyme ... 1992) (incompetent host for B. burgdorferi and TBE virus) but it is important for feeding the ticks, as red deer and wild boars ... Lyme disease organizations at Curlie CDC - Lyme Disease Lyme Disease Tests - Lab Tests Online NIH - Lyme Disease NICE ... "Lyme disease rashes and look-alikes". Lyme Disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 21 December 2018. Archived from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_disease

This article documents the chronology and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID ... There are 6,147 active cases (47 at the border and 6,100 in the community). Singapore has reported its first two cases of the ... There are 6,416 active cases (41 at the border and 6,375 in the community). Singapore has reported 715 new cases, bringing the ... There are 6,643 active cases (41 at the border and 6,422 in the community). Singapore has reported 709 new cases, bringing the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021

Overland entry with a border pass is permitted at several border checkpoints. The government requires a valid passport with an ... On April 30, 2021, the United Nations Development Programme published a report indicating that the COVID-19 virus and the 2021 ... and the spread of HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases." Electricity - production: 17,866.99 GWh (2016 est.) Electricity - ... Goods travel primarily across Thai and China borders and through the main port in Yangon. Railroads are old and rudimentary, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Myanmar

From the United States, the non-profit American Type Culture Collection and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control sold or sent ... In another experiment, 15 Kurdish prisoners were tied up in a field while shells containing camel pox, a mild virus, were ... According to Israeli military intelligence sources, 10 Iranian prisoners of war were taken to a location near Iraq's border ... Business Week (September 20, 2002). "A U.S. Gift to Iraq: Deadly Viruses". BusinessWeek. Archived from the original on January ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_biological_weapons_program

Viruses used for gene therapy to date include retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus and herpes simplex virus. However ... The only essential parts of the T-DNA are its two small (25 base pair) border repeats, at least one of which is needed for ... Gene therapy utilizes gene delivery to deliver genetic material with the goal of treating a disease or condition in the cell. ... The first virus to be used as a vaccine vector was the vaccinia virus in 1984 as a way to protect chimpanzees against hepatitis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_delivery

... influenza virus) that could cause a pandemic Several vaccine-controllable diseases are not on the list, including measles, ... For example, if a sick passenger is on a flight, CDC will work with the airlines, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and ... Quarantinable diseases are determined by Executive Order of the US President. As of 2020 there are nine quarantinable diseases ... It is part of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases within the Centers for Disease Control and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_of_Global_Migration_and_Quarantine

As a result of the introduction of S. frugiperda and Lumpy Skin Disease within a few months of each other, the FAO, the World ... Also see below §Africa.) In December 2020 S. frugiperda was first found in Syria in Daraa on the Jordanian border and is ... Nichols, Jennifer (25 July 2021). "Invasive insect fall armyworm on the march, but scientists fight back with an oozing virus ... "Pests and Diseases". Sri Lanka Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 1 February 2019. Retrieved 15 February ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_armyworm

He is later freed from prison due to a disease. Lena decides to help Lex by working on a cure. Lena exposes Lex of cutting off ... Something goes wrong and Zor-El helped to create a virus to shut it down before it can explode. Zor-El later states to Kara ... Unbeknownst to her, another Kara appears in the border of Siberia. In season four, Kara deals with a new wave of anti-alien ... It had to take a virus to weaken it. After Brainiac 5 removed the Kelex, Supergirl disposed of the body by throwing it into the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Supergirl_characters

"High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their ... "Akibat Virus Corona, 10 DJ Internasional Batal Tampil di We Are Connected Bali, April Ini". Tribun Jabar (in Indonesian). ... "Indonesia Extends Border Closure For Foreigners by Two More Weeks". The Jakarta Post. 8 February 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2021 ... The positive cases first confirmed in March are not the first Indonesians to have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia

... the non-border maquiladora share of exports has increased while that of border cities has decreased,. This has led to ... food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A vectorborne diseases: dengue fever note: a new coronavirus is ... illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 6 June 2022, Mexico has reported a total ... In border cities, American TV and radio waves in English (and Spanish) are received as much Spanish-speaking radio and TV ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Mexico

Content source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases ( ... Ebola Disease Distribution Map: Cases of Ebola Disease in Africa Since 1976 ... from disease surveillance, border health, emergency management, and laboratory systems to vaccine deployment, workforce ... The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. ...

https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/responder/protecting-uganda-border.html

Border Disease Virus among Chamois, Spain. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2009;15(3):448-451. doi:10.3201/eid1503.081155.. ... Presumptive diagnostic differentiation of hog cholera virus from bovine viral diarrhea and border disease viruses by using a ... Vega S, Rosell R, Orden JA, de la Fuente R, Garcia A, Perez T, Antigenic and molecular characterization of border disease virus ... Marco I, Rosell R, Cabezón O, Mentaberre G, Casas E, Velarde R, Epidemiological study of border disease virus infection in ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/15/3/08-1155

Ensuring Access to New Treatments for Ebola Virus Disease MSF Report: Ensuring Access to New Treatments for Ebola Virus Disease ... MSF Report: Ensuring Access to New Treatments for Ebola Virus Disease > Story , June 05, 2023 ... Medical Issues Learn about the diseases and medical conditions we treat * Our Work in Focus Understand the complex crises were ... MSF welcomes passage of World Health Assembly resolution to help increase access to disease testing > News , May 26, 2023 ...

https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/latest?search_api_fulltext=&%3Bamp%3Bf%5B0%5D=country%3A63&%3Bamp%3Bf%5B1%5D=date%3A2015-09&%3Bf%5B0%5D=date%3A1999-01&f%5B0%5D=country%3A35&f%5B1%5D=date%3A2015-12

Border disease virus (BDV) belongs to the Pestivirus genus in the family Flaviviridae. Genetic analyses of pestiviruses that ... Genetic characterization of border disease virus (BDV) isolates from small ruminants in Italy.. Giammarioli, Monica; Rossi, ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/saudepublica/resource/pt/mdl-25636968

Read More: Deadly Ebola Virus Outbreak Spreading ». Do you think closing borders and schools in areas affected by the outbreak ... Ebola used to be, and still is, an African disease, but it was always a disease in remote places and remote villages. It was ... Some viruses just mutate and change so much, so you are always one step behind; and there are multiple strains of Ebola. A ... Theres no way you can secure the borders.. "We need to teach and reteach people to ask about foreign travel. If any Ebola ...

https://www.healthline.com/health-news/should-americans-fear-ebola-080114

... understanding the cross-border threats for Ebola virus disease a Points of entry dynamics: understanding the cross-border ... points of entry (PoE); international health regulations (IHR);cross-border threats;ebola virus disease;COVID-19 ... indexmedicus.afro.who.int/iah/fulltext/Points of entry dynamics understanding the cross border threats for ebola virus disease ... indexmedicus.afro.who.int/iah/fulltext/Points of entry dynamics understanding the cross border threats for ebola virus disease ...

https://search.bvsalud.org/aimafro/resource/en/biblio-1433753

... infectious disease - Raising our voices to improve health around the world. ... Stopping Viruses that Dont Respect Borders. CDCs Global Immunization Plan In the first seven months of 2016 alone, 13 states ... Categories Archive, infectious disease, malaria, parasitic diseases. Tags ending malaria, mosquito-borne diseases, POTUS, ... Categories Archive, infectious disease, malaria, parasitic diseases. Tags Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cote DIvoire, mosquito nets ...

https://blogs.cdc.gov/global/category/infectious-disease/page/4/

... the staff at the Uganda Virus Research Institute for collecting field samples; and the persons who collected samples at borders ... Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2022;28(5):1021-1025. doi:10.3201/eid2805.220121.. APA. Bbosa, N., Ssemwanga, D., Namagembe, H., ... Vilsker M, Moosa Y, Nooij S, Fonseca V, Ghysens Y, Dumon K, et al. Genome Detective: an automated system for virus ... The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/28/5/22-0121_article

These include diarrheal diseases caused by viruses and many infections triggered by parasites. The globalization of chronic, ... including disease. Science and medicine know no borders, and knowledge gained through NIH research has had a dramatic impact ... Major technology advances have allowed scientists to read the genetic language of disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and ... non-communicable diseases like cancer, heart disease, obesity, and depression contribute to more than half of all deaths in the ...

https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do/nih-turning-discovery-into-health/arthritis

... feathery mottle virus. The disease is transmitted by tiny insect vectors and can be difficult to diagnose and control. Learn ... Speckled leaves with purplish borders may be pretty but can be the sign of a serious disease of sweet potatoes a?? ... Speckled leaves with purplish borders may be slightly pretty but can be the sign of a serious disease of sweet potatoes. All ... When combined with sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus, the two become one disease called sweet potato virus. ...

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/vegetables/sweet-potato/sweet-potato-feathery-mottle-virus.htm

Some Americans are sneaking into Canada despite a border ban that has been in place since the pandemic began. But has the US ... Across the border, only 500 had been completed by the Centres for Disease Control. ... The lab, in the biggest province of Ontario, had the capacity to conduct tests for tuberculosis and the West Nile virus. ... Loved ones separated by border ban But the border ban has not just impacted those living outside Canada. ...

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-22/canada-and-usa-dramatically-different-coronavirus-experiences/12566598

It first examines how measures put in place to stop the spread of the virus have affected family, labor, and humanitarian ... Among the critical questions: How will countries protect those most vulnerable to the disease and to economic precariousness? ... Begin New Search You searched for: Topic Border Control ✖ Remove constraint Topic: Border Control Political Geography Europe ✖ ... Migration, Foreign Aid, Border Control, and European Union Political Geography: Europe 13. Border games: Has Spain found an ...

https://ciaonet.org/catalog?f%5Blocation%5D%5B%5D=Europe&f%5Bpub_date%5D%5B%5D=years_10&f%5Bpub_date%5D%5B%5D=years_5&f%5Btopic%5D%5B%5D=Border+Control&per_page=50&search_field=all_fields&searched=yes&sort=score+desc%2C+pub_date+desc

"We live in a state that doesnt screen for Krabbe disease at birth, largely because the disease isnt on the Recommended ... Meanwhile, about 20,000 babies are born each year with potentially fatal cytomegalovirus, or CMV, a virus thats passed from ... She lost her son, Aidan, to a rare disease that wasnt included on the newborn screening panel in her home state of New York ... The war to save children is being fought state by state, with borders often creating a dividing line that could be deadly. ...

https://www.kptv.com/2023/03/27/death-by-zip-code-how-state-borders-dictate-critical-screening-newborns/

The five people who became ill traveled to Matamoros, across the border from Brownsville, for surgical procedures that included ... residents to cancel planned surgeries in a Mexico border city after five people from Texas who got procedures there came back ... The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a travel advisory Tuesday for U.S. residents seeking medical care ... Cases of meningitis can be caused by viruses, bacteria, trauma or fungi. ...

https://ca.news.yahoo.com/warning-issued-surgery-mexican-border-221050969.html

Reports of cases of the Marburg virus in West Africa are starting to raise concerns of another potential epidemic like Ebola. ... Disease and Poverty. As it currently stands, there is no known cure for Marburg virus disease, though remedies are in ... Efforts are also going into improving cross-border surveillance. Since Guéckédou is relatively close to Sierra Leone and ... The Marburg Virus in West Africa. Africa is a continent comprising of diseases and illnesses that affect many peoples lives. ...

https://borgenproject.org/marburg-virus-in-west-africa/

... proximity of DRC to South Sudan exposes the population along the border areas at risks of contracting the Ebola Virus Diseases ... The current outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in North Kivu and Ituri provinces is the 10th EVD epidemic declared in the ... Eastern Equatoria -Nimule Border. Central Equatoria - Yei. Western Equatoria - Maridi Yambio. What?. The proposed operation is ... to prevent the disease and limit its impact. Volunteers are willing to support, but have limited knowledge, means and tools. ...

https://www.rodekruis.nl/nieuwsbericht/iati/south-sudan-ebola-virus-disease-preparedness/

The current spread of Zika virus disease demonstrates the ongoing threat of infections crossing borders. ... In 2014, Ebola virus disease began to spread rapidly throughout West Africa. Later that same year, the first case of Ebola was ... Increased International Travel and Infectious Disease. Alert_06. Archived: This Page Is No Longer Being Updated This ... The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. ...

https://emergency.cdc.gov/cerc/cerccorner/article_081916.asp

Journal of Infectious Diseases, 199 7, 175 Suppl 1;S198-S204.. *Reinheimer C et al. Deficiency of immunity to poliovirus type 3 ... a lurking danger? BMC Infectious Diseases, 2012, 12:24.. *Giwa FJ, Olayinka AT, Ogunshola FT. Seroprevalence of polio-virus ... Journal of Infectious Diseases, 19 97, 175:545-553.. *Reichler MR et al. Increased immunogenicity of oral poliovirus vaccine ... Continuous movement of people across borders, especially in the southeast region of the Islamic Republic of Iran-which is less ...

https://www.emro.who.int/emhj-vol-20-2014/volume-20-5/risk-of-polio-reintroduction-to-border-regions-of-islamic-republic-of-iran-seroprevalence-study-of-children-with-at-least-5-doses-of-oral-polio-vaccine.html

Protecting Ugandas Border. *Watching DRCs Border. *Cliniciansplus icon *Ebola Disease for U.S. Cliniciansplus icon *Infection ... Content source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases ( ... Ebola Disease Distribution Map: Cases of Ebola Disease in Africa Since 1976 ... The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. ...

https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/emergency-services/air-ground-patient-handoff.html

My party voted against this report as it attempts to take HIV self-testing kits (as well as other virus testing kits including ... It is up to the EU to ensure the highest possible safety for these IVD medical devices because there are no national borders ... This will be a progressive step forward in allowing those who suspect they may have contracted the disease to get tested much ... There are no national borders for these products in the European market. That is why it is an obligation for the European Union ...

https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-7-2013-10-22-ITM-009-03_PT.html

Trump retweeted a post from conservative commentator Charlie Kirk that referred to the disease as the China Virus. Kirk ... called for Trump to construct the U.S.-Mexico border wall. Going up fast, Trump replied. We need the Wall more than ever! ... Days before the tweet, the Center for Disease Control director Robert Redfield warned against geographically labeling the virus ... Donald Trump is sparking backlash after referring to the Coronavirus pandemic as the China virus.. Over the last couple of ...

https://www.okayplayer.com/culture/donald-trump-china-virus.html

Malinde now worries that these boats can import the Ebola virus disease because of the ongoing outbreak in their departure ... including the ability to apply preparedness and response frameworks for Ebola virus disease and front-line workers knowledge ... Ebola simulation drills in Tanzania trade worry for calm at border entry points. 06 September 2019 , - ... During the simulation drills, emergency response teams at designated health facilities and border points of entry responded to ...

https://extranet.who.int/sph/ebola-simulation-drills-tanzania-trade-worry-calm-border-entry-points

... faster and safer way of diagnosing the Ebola virus has been developed by an academic from Northumbria University, Newcastle. ... The Ebola virus causes an acute, serious illness which is often fatal if untreated. Ebola virus disease (EVD) first appeared in ... It also spread between countries, starting in Guinea then moving across land borders to Sierra Leone and Liberia. It is thought ... usually because the symptoms of other diseases, like malaria, made them fear they had the Ebola virus. ...

https://www.northumbria.ac.uk/about-us/news-events/news/2017/09/breakthrough-in-rapid-mass-screening-for-the-ebola-virus

At least one person is confirmed to have died of MVD and several hundred people may have been exposed to the virus at health ... that has appeared in eastern Uganda on the border with Kenya. ... WHO is working to contain an outbreak of Marburg virus disease ... Marburg virus disease (MVD) is a severe and highly fatal disease caused by the Marburg virus from the Filoviridae family; the ... Marburg virus disease is a rare disease with a high mortality rate for which there is no specific treatment. ...

http://www.afro.who.int/news/who-supports-containment-rare-virus-uganda-kenya-border

After filling morgues in Italy, the virus is propagating across the globe and countries everywhere are closing their borders. ... No one seems sure exactly who transmits the disease or even how it is spread. Every day feels like living on a knife ridge. A ... Lets try for the Kansas border," I say. "The town of Liberal should have hotels. Were exposed in Trump country, but at least ... taking in the blooms and the tiers of mountains reaching southward clear to the Mexico border. We wander, just breathing and ...

https://longreads.com/2020/08/05/notes-for-a-post-apocalyptic-novel/

... the disease caused by the virus. While the pandemic had dominated global headlines over the previous two years, 2022 began with ... By February 2022 there were as many as 190,000 Russian troops along the Russo-Ukrainian border, in Belarus, in Russian-occupied ... in spite of a drawdown of Russian forces near the Ukrainian border, ample evidence remained of Russian intervention in the ... the prospect of a major war in Europe, as Putin ordered a massive buildup of Russian forces along the Ukrainian border. Putin ...

https://www.britannica.com/place/Russia/The-second-Putin-presidency

Casey Murdock, R-Felt, who expressed his complete support for any measures taken to curb foreign animal diseases, like ASF, ... Foreign animal diseases are a constant threat to Oklahomas livestock. An outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF) on American ... Should Governor Stitt order Oklahoma National Guard troops to the southern border to prevent potential spread of this virus, I ... ASF is an animal disease affecting only pigs with no human health implications. The disease spreads very quickly and has an ...

https://oksenate.gov/press-releases/sen-murdock-supports-increased-biosecurity-measures-prevent-foreign-animal-disease?back=/press-releases/2021-10

In 2001 and 2002 a new pestivirus (family Flaviviridae ) was associated with an outbreak of a previously unreported disease in Pyrenean chamois ( R . pyrenaica pyrenaica ) at the Alt Pallars-Aran National Hunting Reserve in the Pyrenees in northeastern Spain ( Figure 1 ) ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
And where previously all viruses within an outbreak would have looked genetically more or less the same, we can see in whole genome data that some of these viruses clearly cluster together, genetically, whereas others are more distinct. (cdc.gov)
And so these differences come about because rabies virus continues to accumulate new mutations all the time, like other RNA viruses do too, and this happens even over the course of a single outbreak. (cdc.gov)
The last noted presence of the virus was in 2008 with the last major outbreak occurring in 2005 in Angola. (borgenproject.org)
The timeline in which a person will start to display symptoms can be anywhere between two and 21 days after infection Although only a single case was confirmed so far, the WHO found the need to declare an outbreak in West Africa due to how easily the Marburg virus can spread. (borgenproject.org)
The current outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in North Kivu and Ituri provinces is the 10th EVD epidemic declared in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) since the first outbreak of 1976. (rodekruis.nl)
As such, it is extremely important and urgent to prepare for a potential outbreak at any targeted area/district of the country, to prevent the disease and limit its impact. (rodekruis.nl)
Malinde now worries that these boats can import the Ebola virus disease because of the ongoing outbreak in their departure vicinity. (who.int)
During the Ebola outbreak in Africa in 2014, patients tested for the disease had to provide a blood sample fortesting in a specialist lab by highly trained staff. (northumbria.ac.uk)
GENEVA - WHO is working to contain an outbreak of Marburg virus disease (MVD) that has appeared in eastern Uganda on the border with Kenya. (who.int)
While Kenya Medical Research Institute (Kemri) announced that their surveillance showed that there was no outbreak of influenza, there remained a lot of questions about the nature of viruses, where they come from, how they spread, and how to protect yourself from them. (co.ke)
He says that in a virus outbreak, based on mode of transmission and the type of virus, you are more likely to contract the disease by being in contact with an infected person. (co.ke)
On August 25, 1995, public health authorities in Mexico notified the Texas Department of Health (TDH) of an ongoing outbreak of dengue fever in the state of Tamaulipas, which borders south Texas ( Figure_1 ). (cdc.gov)
Because of the year-round presence of the Aedes aegypti mosquito (a major vector for dengue) in southernmost Texas and the frequent movement of persons across the U.S.-Mexico border, the outbreak in adjacent Tamaulipas suggested an increased potential for imported and autochthonous cases in Texas, as had occurred during 1980 and 1986 (2). (cdc.gov)
Because of the reported outbreak in Tamaulipas, on August 25, 1995, TDH issued a dengue alert memorandum by facsimile to all local health departments, infection-control practitioners, and infectious disease physicians in south Texas. (cdc.gov)
A U.K. study of a swine flu outbreak showed the virus entered the country independently at numerous points before any cases had even been identified in physician offices. (nih.gov)

CDC's Global Immunization Plan In the first seven months of 2016 alone, 13 states reported outbreaks of measles, a highly infectious disease that killed 400 to 500 Americans a year and hospitalized nearly 50,000 more as recent as the 1950s. (cdc.gov)
There have been two outbreaks in the last 50 years of the virus resulting in more than 100 cases, the WHO said. (kristv.com)
Sarah Gregory] So what happened, why were there raccoon rabies virus outbreaks in Canada? (cdc.gov)
Uganda has previously managed Ebola and Marburg outbreaks but international support is urgently required to scale up the response as the overall risk of national and regional spread of this epidemic-prone disease is high. (who.int)
At the national level, legislation and regulations establish the functions that need to be exercised in order for countries to respond effectively to disease outbreaks with pandemic potential. (idlo.int)
At the international level, the law helps to hold countries accountable for the actions that are needed to respond effectively to disease outbreaks. (idlo.int)
The biggest question, however, remained, 'why is there an increase in virus outbreaks in recent times? (co.ke)
According to Prof Omu Anzala, the increasing frequency of global virus outbreaks has up to recently been mostly of deep concern to biomedical research scientists. (co.ke)
Why is there an increase in virus outbreaks? (co.ke)
Response plans in case of disease outbreaks. (effectivealtruism.org)

Mpondwe border crossing between Uganda and Democratic Republic of Congo. (cdc.gov)
Cross-border movements between districts bordering Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are common due to the interdependence between populations on either side, though this increases the risk of the international spread of infectious diseases . (bvsalud.org)
The CDC said the cases were found in the country's northwest Kagera region, near the Uganda border. (kristv.com)
A study conducted by the Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute (MRC/UVRI) and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit (Entebbe, Uganda) during the early phase of the pandemic showed that most SARS-CoV-2 infections were imported and consisted of several lineages that included A, B, B.1, B.1.1, B.1.1.1, and B.4 ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
Laboratory testing at the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) confirmed the cause of death as MVD. (who.int)
Last week, when Tanzania confirmed its first-ever cases of Marburg Virus Disease, the Ministry of Health activated its surveillance and response mechanism and started screening travellers at all border points between Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda to contain its spread into the country. (co.ke)

Modern genetics has the potential to transform the management and assessment of infectious disease," said Walport, who directs the Wellcome Trust and will become the U.K.'s chief science adviser in April. (nih.gov)
This Ebola FOA has nothing to do with current DOE UH4 cooperative agreement s you can see from the FO , It states * Note This activity code is being used to support Ebola Biosafety and Infectious Disease Response Training. (nih.gov)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a travel advisory as it monitors the spread of the Marburg virus in east Africa. (kristv.com)
Now, a recent report of the Marburg virus in West Africa is starting to raise concern and officials from the World Health Organization (WHO) are scrambling to address the situation before it intensifies. (borgenproject.org)
In August 2021, health officials from Guinea confirmed the first case of the Marburg virus disease in a deceased West African man . (borgenproject.org)
What is the Marburg Virus? (borgenproject.org)
Marburg is a type of virus that comes from the same family as Ebola and causes hemorrhagic fever in the individual who contracts it. (borgenproject.org)
Though Marburg has the potential to be very deadly, viruses that cause hemorrhagic fever are rare and are usually limited to areas with specific animals that host the viruses. (borgenproject.org)
However, once the virus infects one person, the Marburg virus is easily transmittable through direct contact with another individual. (borgenproject.org)
Due to the concern that the Marburg virus could trigger an epidemic in West Africa, the WHO is taking precautions to ensure that the virus does not spread much further. (borgenproject.org)
The WHO has also dispatched a team consisting of epidemiology and socio-anthropology experts, who are now on the grounds of the virus site and are assisting with the investigation of Marburg virus cases. (borgenproject.org)
As it currently stands, there is no known cure for Marburg virus disease, though remedies are in development. (borgenproject.org)
Right now, the best way to treat someone infected with the Marburg virus is through supportive care and rehydration. (borgenproject.org)
If people in West Africa have limited access to a globally distributed COVID-19 vaccine, the likelihood of them easily obtaining treatment for a disease like Marburg or Ebola is slight. (borgenproject.org)
He worked as a game hunter and lived near a cave inhabited by Rousettus bats, which are natural hosts of the Marburg virus. (who.int)
Marburg virus disease is a rare disease with a high mortality rate for which there is no specific treatment. (who.int)
Ex: Marburg virus (in 2022). (effectivealtruism.org)

However, perceived risk of contracting and spreading communicable diseases may be influenced by several factors such as the level of education , packaging and perception of health care messages, limited interaction with local socio-cultural dynamics or personal experiences. (bvsalud.org)
The globalization of chronic, non-communicable diseases like cancer, heart disease, obesity, and depression contribute to more than half of all deaths in the developing world and substantial disability, and NIH collaborations are tackling this ongoing crisis that has ripple effects on regional economic health and stability. (nih.gov)
All involved healthcare workers (air and ground) have received education and training and demonstrated the necessary competencies for management of patients with serious communicable diseases. (cdc.gov)
Air and ground ambulance agencies have procedures for the management of patients with serious communicable diseases - this guidance is aimed at facilitating the patient handoff, not broader air or ground ambulance operations. (cdc.gov)
This guidance complements other CDC guidance for management of patients with serious communicable diseases. (cdc.gov)

Africa is a continent comprising of diseases and illnesses that affect many people's lives. (borgenproject.org)
Africa is the most disease-prone continent in the world, yet most of its people do not have access to treatment that will help protect against these viruses. (borgenproject.org)
In 2014, Ebola virus disease began to spread rapidly throughout West Africa. (cdc.gov)
Ebola, one of the most feared of the hemorrhagic diseases, begins spreading across the borders of countries in West Africa. (kobo.com)
Most recently, the two organizations established the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Initiative , a project funding studies of genomics and environmental causes of diseases and of drug responses common in Africa. (nih.gov)

19. Border disease virus (BDV) infections of small ruminants in Turkey: a new BDV subgroup? (nih.gov)
These include diarrheal diseases caused by viruses and many infections triggered by parasites. (nih.gov)
The current spread of Zika virus disease demonstrates the ongoing threat of infections crossing borders. (cdc.gov)
Although a mosquito-transmitted disease, researchers determined that these infections can also be acquired from aerosolized virus. (medscape.com)
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is highly infectious by the aerosol route, and numerous laboratory infections have occurred, making it a possible biowarfare agent. (medscape.com)

This study aims to explore differences in movement patterns and risk perceptions as factors for transmission among transport drivers in Ugandan border districts during the 2018-2020 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) epidemic and the current COVID-19 pandemic. (bvsalud.org)
Sequence of probable transmission events and associated relevant locations in-flight and MIQ for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 during border quarantine and air travel, New Zealand, September 2020. (nih.gov)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiologic agent of human coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was declared by the World Health Organization to be a global pandemic in March 2020 ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
In 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that fruit bats carry the virus, meaning that a human can only become infected through prolonged exposure in caves or similar habitats. (borgenproject.org)

Emerging Infectious Diseases , 29 (9), 1719-1729. (cdc.gov)
Emerging Infectious Diseases , 29 (9), 1730-1737. (cdc.gov)
This FOA intends to advance safety and health training for workers using a whole- community approach and identify any occupational group that may be at high risk of coming in contact with persons potentially infected with Ebola virus and other emerging infectious diseases, through potentially contaminated materials (biological, chemical or radiological) or infected individuals. (nih.gov)

The strategy in New Zealand (Aotearoa) to eliminate coronavirus disease requires that international arrivals undergo managed isolation and quarantine and mandatory testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. (nih.gov)
Combining genomic and epidemiologic data, we investigated the origin of an acute case of coronavirus disease identified in the community after the patient had spent 14 days in managed isolation and quarantine and had 2 negative test results. (nih.gov)
Which ones are particularly important in countries where the impact of the virus is more acute? (idlo.int)
Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted acute disease caused by any of four virus serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4) and is characterized by acute manifestations that can include fever, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, nausea, and vomiting (1). (cdc.gov)

Major technology advances have allowed scientists to read the genetic language of disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and parasites. (nih.gov)
Cases of meningitis can be caused by viruses, bacteria, trauma or fungi. (yahoo.com)
A big difference being that bacteria can survive without a host and a virus need a host. (co.ke)

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is a member of the genus Alphavirus of the family Togaviridae. (medscape.com)

Detecting the virus can be a challenge given it initially presents symptoms similar to other diseases such as malaria and typhoid fever. (kristv.com)

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a wake-up call on the need to improve disease preparedness and surveillance systems to deter such crises from happening again. (worldbank.org)
But considering the huge threat of possible importation, the Government is stepping up its preparedness efforts in the high-risk border regions, in line with the World Health Organization's regional road map for Ebola response. (who.int)

Due to the nature of their work , boda boda drivers ( motorcycle taxis), taxis and truck drivers continue to cross the border during epidemics . (bvsalud.org)
The influx of people across the national borders of Ghana has been of interest and concern in the public health and national security community in recent times due to the low capacity for the prevention and management of epidemics and other public health risks . (bvsalud.org)
For instance, health authorities are asking whether closing national borders can stem epidemics. (nih.gov)

A senior technical advisor to Uganda's Ministry of Health, Vance has supported a wide range of public health initiatives: from disease surveillance, border health, emergency management, and laboratory systems to vaccine deployment, workforce development, health communication, and logistics. (cdc.gov)
Efforts are also going into improving cross-border surveillance. (borgenproject.org)
Kenya's Ministry of Health announced that it had heightened surveillance at all border points as a precautionary measure to curb the spread of the disease. (co.ke)
This report summarizes results of dengue surveillance in the U.S.-Mexico border area during 1995-1996. (cdc.gov)
Ongoing surveillance will improve understanding of the incidence and clinical severity of this emerging disease. (cdc.gov)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
Announcer] This program is presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a travel advisory Tuesday for U.S. residents seeking medical care in Matamoros. (yahoo.com)
The Ministry of Health has sent a rapid response team to the area supported by staff from the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the African Field Epidemiology Network (AFNET). (who.int)

Three animals captured alive showed severe clinical signs of respiratory disease. (cdc.gov)
Congo Basin) clade, which is now known as stracts were screened, followed by assess- clade 1 and more transmissible and causes ment of 207 full text publications to determine more severe disease, and the West African eligibility, and 158 publications were further clade (clade 2), which is thought to cause mild excluded, leaving 49 eligible articles. (who.int)

Ex: the guidelines of nonprofits like Doctors Without Borders. (effectivealtruism.org)

Contextual understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic and Ebola epidemic is vital for strengthening PoE mitigation measures and preventing disease importation. (bvsalud.org)
If you've been living through the worst of the coronavirus pandemic for as long as the United States has, you might be pretty envious of the comparative calm just across the border in Canada. (abc.net.au)
Indeed, some Americans have even gone so far as to sneak into their northern neighbour, despite a border ban that's been in place since the pandemic began. (abc.net.au)
Donald Trump is sparking backlash after referring to the Coronavirus pandemic as the 'China virus. (okayplayer.com)
I can't bear the thought of him riding out a pandemic alone if cities and states are locked down, and don't really trust my older parent to take precautions against the virus. (longreads.com)

This virus is among the most virulent pathogens known to infect humans. (who.int)
Genomic studies of other pathogens are likewise giving valuable insight while simultaneously raising questions about how to manage disease. (nih.gov)
HG 3 - pathogens that cause serious diseases in individuals . (effectivealtruism.org)
HG 4 - pathogens that cause deadly diseases and are highly transmissible. (effectivealtruism.org)

By combining genomic sequence analysis and epidemiologic investigations, we identified a multibranched chain of transmission of this virus, including on international and domestic flights, as well as a probable case of aerosol transmission without direct person-to-person contact. (nih.gov)
So we have been able to obtain sequence data from viruses, and rabies virus specifically, for quite some time now but only recently has it become technically feasible to sequence entire genomes, or at least for large numbers of samples we can do that now. (cdc.gov)

While these epizootic strains are virulent in equines and humans, the enzootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus serotypes ID, IE, and IIIA can cause illness in humans but not in equines. (medscape.com)

Ilagala village is one among many communities in Kigoma Region facing the threat of Ebola importation due to the informal cross-border movements of people for social and economic activities. (who.int)

Molecular characterization assigned this virus to the border disease virus (BDV) cluster, 1 of the 4 main species of the genus Pestivirus ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
A species of PESTIVIRUS causing a congenital sheep disease characterized by an abnormally hairy birth-coat, tremors, and poor growth. (nih.gov)

Border disease virus infection was identified by reverse transcription-PCR and sequencing analysis. (cdc.gov)
Human monkeypox is a viral zoonotic infection caused by monkeypox virus, an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus of the genus Orthopoxvirus and family Poxviridae that also contain smallpox, cowpox, Orf, and vaccinia viruses. (who.int)
Human monkeypox is a viral zoonotic dae which contains smallpox, cowpox, Orf, infection caused by monkeypox virus, an env- and vaccinia viruses (1,2). (who.int)

And sequencing entire genomes allows us to detect very small genetic differences between the sampled viruses--very few mutations. (cdc.gov)

1. First description of enhanced expression of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α) and glia maturation factor-beta (GMF-β) correlate with severity of neuropathology in border disease virus-infected small ruminants. (nih.gov)
3. Increased expressions of ADAMTS-13, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and neurofilament correlate with severity of neuropathology in Border disease virus-infected small ruminants. (nih.gov)

Participants' awareness of EVD was higher than that of COVID-19 however, the risk of transmission of Ebola virus was perceived as a remote threat. (bvsalud.org)
Foreign animal diseases are a constant threat to Oklahoma's livestock. (oksenate.gov)

Ebola is a highly contagious disease spread by contact with an infected person's bodily fluids. (healthline.com)

Antibodies to E2 can neutralize virus infectivity. (medscape.com)

The five people who became ill traveled to Matamoros, across the border from Brownsville, for surgical procedures that included the use of an epidural, an anesthetic injected near the spinal column, the Texas Department of State Health Services said Tuesday. (yahoo.com)

Acting Director General in the Ministry of Health Patrick Amoth also called on the public to report any unusual incidents of individuals presenting symptoms of the disease. (co.ke)

In December 2004, an adult male chamois was found alive with respiratory disease at the Cerdanya-Alt Urgell National Hunting Reserve, ≈30 km southeast of a previously affected area ( Figure 1 ). (cdc.gov)
The main clinical signs and lesions of sick animals were cachexia, alopecia, and respiratory disease ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)

That's according to Sen. Casey Murdock, R-Felt, who expressed his complete support for any measures taken to curb foreign animal diseases, like ASF, from entering the country. (oksenate.gov)

The first part, whole genome, simply refers to the virus. (cdc.gov)
There are only a few of these facilities in the world, including Public Health England's Lab in Porton Down in the UK, with each diagnosis of the Ebola virus genome taking between5-8 hours to confirm. (northumbria.ac.uk)

The virus has few above ground symptoms. (gardeningknowhow.com)
Research led and carried out by Dr Sterghios Moschos at Northumbria means that patients with Ebola-like symptoms can be identified and treated much sooner and at the point of care, helping to reduce the spread of the disease and risks to others. (northumbria.ac.uk)

For example, Oklahoma screens for Pompe disease , a genetic condition that impacts the heart and other muscles. (kptv.com)
South Carolina screens for a genetic disorder that leads to heart disease, intellectual disabilities and skeletal problems. (kptv.com)

10. Experimentally induced ovine border disease: extensive hypomyelination with minimal viral antigen in neonatal spinal cord. (nih.gov)

11. Expression of glia maturation factor in neuropathological lesions of Alzheimer's disease. (nih.gov)

It wasn't until the end of July that the border authority attempted to close the loophole, announcing that travellers heading to Alaska would need to take the most direct route to their destination. (abc.net.au)

BROWNSVILLE, Texas (AP) - State and federal health officials are warning U.S. residents to cancel planned surgeries in a Mexico border city after five people from Texas who got procedures there came back and developed suspected cases of fungal meningitis. (yahoo.com)

Such an approach facilitates cross-border cooperation and knowledge sharing and strengthens dialogue and collaboration between the countries. (worldbank.org)
Over the last 25 years, the European Union and its Member States have increasingly partnered with and relied on neighboring countries to mitigate cross-border challenges, ranging from irregular migration to drug trafficking and terrorism. (ciaonet.org)
This Transatlantic Council on Migration report examines the border security situation within the Maghreb, including Maghrebi states' cross-border priorities and the structural factors impeding the development of better border security. (ciaonet.org)

Scientists now have molecular tools to track how diseases spread and understand the tricks they use to become more virulent or develop drug resistance, according to Sir Mark Walport, who spoke recently at the NIH. (nih.gov)

It has crossed borders into countries that haven't previously been as affected by Ebola. (healthline.com)
Cultivating cooperation with these countries and building their border security capacity have become vital concerns for European policymakers. (ciaonet.org)
Within 12 hours of crossing Lake Tanganyika, which borders four countries, Tanzanian traders dock in DRC. (who.int)
People have watched the novel coronavirus and its disease COVID-19 spread across countries and continents, and many governments have taken difficult decisions to impose restrictive emergency measures aimed at saving lives, protecting national health care systems, and halting the spread of the virus. (idlo.int)
Although infectious diseases know no borders, their impact may be felt more acutely in some countries than in others. (idlo.int)
After filling morgues in Italy, the virus is propagating across the globe and countries everywhere are closing their borders. (longreads.com)
As new communications are created between countries, vector spread of the virus has been documented. (medscape.com)

Although the International Health Regulations (IHR) stipulate core public health capacities for designated border facilities such as international airports , seaports, and ground crossings, contextual factors that influence the attainment of effective public health measures and response capabilities remain understudied. (bvsalud.org)
Actions can be identified through all-hazards National Action Plans for Health Security (NAPHS), disease-specific plans, contingency plans and other sources. (who.int)
A number of organisations have been involved in the research, including BG Research Ltd, the University of Westminster, Public Health England, Flurogenics Ltd, Diagnostic Systems Division and Virology Division of the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Ghana. (northumbria.ac.uk)
At least one person is confirmed to have died of MVD and several hundred people may have been exposed to the virus at health facilities and at traditional burial ceremonies in Kween District, a mountainous area 300 kilometres northeast of Kampala. (who.int)
ASF is an animal disease affecting only pigs with no human health implications. (oksenate.gov)

The proximity of DRC to South Sudan exposes the population along the border areas at risks of contracting the Ebola Virus Diseases and any suspected case may trigger panic among the communities. (rodekruis.nl)

13. Glia maturation factor induces interleukin-33 release from astrocytes: implications for neurodegenerative diseases. (nih.gov)

The CDC said there have been cases of the rare disease reported in Tanzania. (kristv.com)

The only way to stop this disease is to depopulate all affected or exposed swine herds - meaning economic ruin for swine producers, if ASF is to hit the U.S. (oksenate.gov)

At the time of the announcement, the disease, which has a fatality ratio of up to 88 per cent, had claimed five lives out of eight confirmed cases in Tanzania's western region of Kagera. (co.ke)
The disease spreads very quickly and has an extremely high fatality rate for any pigs infected. (oksenate.gov)

Biological Weapons (Bioweapons): a disease-causing agent that has a way to be delivered to target humans, plants, or animals. (effectivealtruism.org)

In June 2005, the disease spread to the nearby Cadí National Hunting Reserve and private hunting areas ( Figure 1 ), triggering another episode of mass deaths that has lasted for ≈31 months. (cdc.gov)
So, you're right that wild animals like raccoons will pay no attention to a national border. (cdc.gov)
Should Governor Stitt order Oklahoma National Guard troops to the southern border to prevent potential spread of this virus, I would absolutely support that decision. (oksenate.gov)

This means that transmission of viruses, either require a host or a vector. (co.ke)
Venezuelan equine encephalitis is an arthropod-borne virus, with the mosquito serving as the most common vector. (medscape.com)

It then takes stock of efforts by the European Union and its Member States to work with partners in the region to address border security challenges and offers lessons learned from experiences to date. (ciaonet.org)

5. eNOS and iNOS trigger apoptosis in the brains of sheep and goats naturally infected with the border disease virus. (nih.gov)

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), ASF is a virus that affects both domestic and wild pigs. (oksenate.gov)

And the addition of new characters and the spread of the disease build the suspense to a fever pitch. (kobo.com)

Since Guéckédou is relatively close to Sierra Leone and Liberia, the WHO is working with authorities to ensure the virus does not spread outside of Guinea. (borgenproject.org)

It has tips on its website for travelers to prevent catching the virus. (kristv.com)
Pest control is the number one way to prevent and manage sweet potato feathery mottle virus. (gardeningknowhow.com)
So to prevent the virus from crossing the border, government agencies on both sides implemented oral vaccination campaigns for raccoons. (cdc.gov)

Organisms12

Diseases5

Nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for typing ruminant pestiviruses: bovine viral diarrhea viruses and border disease virus. (1/23)

A RT-PCR assay for the rapid recognition of border disease virus. (2/23)

Experimental model of Border Disease Virus infection in lambs: comparative pathogenicity of pestiviruses isolated in France and Tunisia. (3/23)

The envelope glycoprotein E2 is a determinant of cell culture tropism in ruminant pestiviruses. (4/23)

Virulence, immunogenicity and vaccine properties of a novel chimeric pestivirus. (5/23)

Chimeric pestiviruses: candidates for live-attenuated classical swine fever marker vaccines. (6/23)

Border disease virus among chamois, Spain. (7/23)

Detection of Border disease virus in fetuses, stillbirths, and newborn lambs from natural and experimental infections. (8/23)

Border disease virus

Border Disease

Rupicapra

Pestivirus

Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral

Classical swine fever virus

Newcastle disease virus

Sheep

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Borna disease virus

Pestivirus Infections

Sheep Diseases

Infectious bursal disease virus

Cattle

Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease

Aphthovirus

Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for typing ruminant pestiviruses: bovine viral diarrhea viruses and border disease virus. (1/23)

A RT-PCR assay for the rapid recognition of border disease virus. (2/23)

Experimental model of Border Disease Virus infection in lambs: comparative pathogenicity of pestiviruses isolated in France and Tunisia. (3/23)

The envelope glycoprotein E2 is a determinant of cell culture tropism in ruminant pestiviruses. (4/23)

Virulence, immunogenicity and vaccine properties of a novel chimeric pestivirus. (5/23)

Chimeric pestiviruses: candidates for live-attenuated classical swine fever marker vaccines. (6/23)

Border disease virus among chamois, Spain. (7/23)

Detection of Border disease virus in fetuses, stillbirths, and newborn lambs from natural and experimental infections. (8/23)

Influenza A virus subtype H7N9

Ebola virus disease in Mali

Kivu Ebola epidemic

Zika virus

2017 Uganda Marburg virus outbreak

Pepper leaf curl virus

2022 Uganda Ebola outbreak

List of companion plants

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation

2005 in Africa

Health in Liberia

Ujme

Bluetongue disease

Ovine rinderpest

Ebola virus epidemic in Guinea

Kitum Cave

2014 in Sierra Leone

Health in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Global spread of H5N1 in 2007

COVID-19 pandemic in Fiji

Health in Uganda

West African Ebola virus epidemic timeline

Bovine viral diarrhea

Iris tectorum

Matthew Lukwiya

1976 Zaire Ebola virus outbreak

Border disease

Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone

Responses to the West African Ebola virus epidemic

National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa

Prostitution in Austria

Pauline Cafferkey

2022 monkeypox outbreak in North America

Medical malpractice in the United States

2022 monkeypox outbreak

Diseases of poverty

Shelley Deeks

COVID-19 pandemic in Europe

Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July-December 2021)

Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2021)

Migrant worker

Shin Megami Tensei: Digital Devil Saga

List of Metal Gear characters

Yellow fever vaccine

Oral candidiasis

Texas Biomedical Research Institute

Haut-Uele District

COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island

National Latino AIDS Awareness Day

2022 in the United States

Lyme disease

Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021

Economy of Myanmar

Iraqi biological weapons program

Gene delivery