Boranes
Boron
Boron Compounds
Phosphines
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
Stereoisomerism
Mammalian nitric oxide synthases. (1/130)
The nitric oxide (NO) synthase family of enzymes generate NO from L-arginine, which acts as a biologic effector molecule in a broad number of settings. This report summarizes some of the current information regarding NO synthase structure-function, reaction mechanism, control of catalysis, and protein interactions. (+info)[3H]diborane reduction of vitamin K-dependent calcium-binding proteins. Identification of a unique amino acid. (2/130)
gamma-Carboxyglutamic acid has recently been identified as a component of the vitamin K-dependent region of bovine prothrombin (Nelsestuen, G. L., Zytkovicz, T. H., and Howard J. B. (1974) J. Biol Chem. 249, 6347-6350). The presence of this amino acid has been substantiated here by the reduction of vitamin K-dependent proteins with [3H]-DIBORANE. The reduction product of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid, 5,5'-[3H]dihydroxyleucine, was shown to be present in hydrolysates of reduced rat prothrombin, bovine prothrombin, and bovine factor X. The results are consistent with a minimum of 10 gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues in the nonthrombin-generating region of bovine prothrombin but no such residues in the thrombin precursor portion of prothrombin. It is concluded that amino acid analyses of [3H]diborane-reduced proteins provides a sensitive, qualitative method for the identification of proteins which contain gamma-carboxyglutamic acid and are vitamin K-dependent. (+info)Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors with a 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorophthalimide skeleton pendanted with a cycloalkyl or dicarba-closo-dodecaborane group. (3/130)
Previous studies of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors derived from thalidomide revealed that 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-N-alkylphthalimide derivatives are superior lead compounds. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that a hydrophobic group at the N(2) position is mandatory for potent activity. Accordingly, we have designed and synthesized some 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-N-cycloalkylphthalimide and 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-N-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane derivatives. The prepared compounds exhibited potent alpha-glucosidase-inhibitory activity. Among them, 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-N-cycloheptylphthalimide (9) showed the most potent activity, being approximately 30 times more active than the classical inhibitor, 1-deoxynojirimycin (1). (+info)A synthesis of 3-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline and 2-phenyl-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3H-3-benzazepine via Pummerer-type cyclization: enhancing effect of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate on the cyclization. (4/130)
A synthesis of 6,7-dimethoxy-3-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (14a) and 7,8-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3H-3-benzazepine (14b) was achieved via the cyclization of N-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfinyl)ethylformamide (6a) and N-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfinyl)-ethylformamide (6b) using the Pummerer reaction as a key step, respectively. The Pummerer reaction of 6a,b under usual conditions using trifluoroacetic anhydride yielded the vinyl sulfides (8a, b), non-cyclized products, as a major product. The cyclization proceeded when boron trifluoride diethyl etherate was used as an additive reagent, thus giving rise to the corresponding cyclized products (7a) and (7b) in moderate yields. We propose that the enhancing effect of the Lewis acid on the cyclization may be attributable to the involvement of a dicationic intermediate, sulfonium-carbenium dication (23). (+info)In vitro antimycobacterial activities of 2'-monosubstituted isonicotinohydrazides and their cyanoborane adducts. (5/130)
As a result of our search for new isoniazid derivatives with extended spectra of activity, we evaluated the in vitro antimycobacterial activities of isonicotinohydrazides (compounds 2) and their cyanoborane adducts (compounds 3), both obtained by the reaction of isonicotinoylhydrazones (compounds 1) with sodium cyanoborohydride. Most of the tested compounds displayed moderate to high activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, with MICs ranging from 0.2 to 12.5 microg/ml. In particular, some hydrazides showed activity similar to that of rifampin (MIC = 0.2 microg/ml) and rather low cytotoxicity, so that they were generally shown to possess high safety indices. In contrast, the coordination to a cyanoborane (BH(2)CN) group (compounds 3) in general brought about a decrease in antimycobacterial activity, while cytotoxicity increased. Interestingly, selected compounds 1 to 3, mostly hydrazides (compounds 2), were effective in killing M. tuberculosis growing within macrophages at concentrations in culture medium which were much lower than the corresponding MICs. These compounds also displayed good activity against drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains. (+info)Convection-enhanced delivery of boronated epidermal growth factor for molecular targeting of EGF receptor-positive gliomas. (6/130)
Convection enhanced delivery (CED) is potentially a powerful method to improvethe targeting of macromolecules to the central nervous system by applying a pressure gradient to establish bulk flow through the brain interstitium during infusion. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate CED as a means to improve the intracerebral and intratumoral (i.t.) uptake of a heavily boronated macromolecule (dendrimer; BD) linked to epidermal growth factor (EGF) for neutron capture therapy in rats bearing a syngeneic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) + glioma. Boronated EGF was radiolabeled with 125I and administered by CED at a rate of 0.33 micro l/min for 15, 30, and 60 min [infusion volumes (V(I)) of 5, 10, and 20 micro l, respectively], using a syringe pump connected to an indwelling cannula implanted into the right caudate nucleus of normal rats or i.t. in rats bearing either F98(EGFR) or F98 wild-type (F98(WT)) gliomas. After infusion, rats were euthanized, and their brains were removed and serially sectioned. The uptake and biodistribution of (125)I-boronated EGF in tumor or brain was studied by quantitative autoradiography and gamma-scintillation counting. The volume of distribution (V(d)) in brain was assessed using a computer interfaced image analysis system. After CED, the V(d) increased from 34.4 to 123.5 micro l with corresponding V(i) ranging from 5 to 20 micro l. The V(d) of BD-EGF in the brain was 64.8 +/- 13.4 micro l with CED (V(i) 10 micro ), and the V(d):V(i) ratio was 6.5 compared with a V(d) of 9.4 +/- 1.6 micro l and a V(d):V(i) ratio of 0.9 after direct intracerebral injection. As determined by quantitative autoradiography and gamma-scintillation counting at 24 h after CED, 47.4% of the injected dose per gram tissue (%ID/g) was localized in F98(EGFR) gliomas compared with 33.2%ID/g after direct i.t. injection and 12.3%ID/g in F98(WT) gliomas. On the basis of these observations, we have concluded that CED is more effective than i.t. injection as a way to deliver boronated EGF to EGFR (+) gliomas for boron neutron capture therapy. (+info)Asymmetric borane reduction of prochiral ketone using chiral bis(alpha, alpha-diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanol) carbonate. (7/130)
Chiral bis(alpha, alpha-diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanol) carbonate (DPP(2).H(2)CO(3)) is a useful asymmetric auxiliary for the asymmetric borane reduction of prochiral ketones. Chiral DPP(2).H(2)CO(3) is recoverable from the reaction and directly reusable for the reaction. The intermediate of KUR-1246, which we are developing as a new uterine relaxant, was synthesized using the methodology. (+info)Diastereoselective solid-phase radical addition to oxime ether anchored to polymer support. (8/130)
Stereocontrol in radical reactions of oxime ether anchored to polymer support was studied. Highly diastereoselective solid-phase radical reaction was achieved by using triethylborane and diethylzinc as a radical initiator at low reaction temperature, providing a novel method for the synthesis of the alpha-amino acid derivatives with excellent diastereoselectivities. (+info)I'm sorry, but I couldn't find any information on the use of the term "Boranes" in the medical field. It's possible that you may have misspelled the term or that it is not commonly used in this context. Boranes are a group of compounds that contain boron atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms. They are typically used in chemical reactions and have a wide range of applications in various fields, including materials science, electronics, and medicine. However, I couldn't find any specific medical applications of boranes. If you have any additional information or context about the term "Boranes" in the medical field, please let me know and I'll do my best to provide a more accurate answer.
Boron is a chemical element that is not typically used in the medical field for therapeutic purposes. However, boron has been studied for its potential health benefits and its role in various biological processes. In some cases, boron supplements are marketed for their potential to support bone health, improve athletic performance, and reduce menopausal symptoms. However, the evidence for these claims is limited and more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety. Boron is also used in certain medical treatments, such as neutron capture therapy, which involves using boron-10 to target and destroy cancer cells. In this treatment, boron-10 is selectively taken up by cancer cells and then bombarded with neutrons, which causes the boron-10 to capture the neutrons and release high-energy particles that destroy the cancer cells. Overall, while boron has some potential health benefits and is used in certain medical treatments, more research is needed to fully understand its role in the body and its potential therapeutic applications.
In the medical field, boron compounds refer to chemical compounds that contain boron as a central atom. Boron is an essential trace element for human health, and some boron compounds have been studied for their potential therapeutic effects in various diseases. One of the most well-known boron compounds in medicine is boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), which involves the use of boron-labeled compounds to target cancer cells and then exposing them to neutrons. The boron atoms in the cancer cells absorb the neutrons and undergo nuclear reactions that release high-energy particles that can destroy the cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. Other boron compounds that have been studied in medicine include boron hydride complexes, which have been used as potential treatments for certain types of cancer, and boron-containing drugs, which have been investigated for their potential to treat osteoporosis and other bone diseases. Overall, boron compounds have shown promise as potential therapeutic agents in medicine, but more research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Borates are a group of minerals that contain boron, a chemical element with the symbol B and atomic number 5. Borates are used in a variety of applications in the medical field, including as antiseptics, disinfectants, and as components in some medications. One common use of borates in medicine is as a topical antiseptic. Boric acid, a common borate mineral, has been used for centuries as a natural antiseptic and. It is often used in over-the-counter products such as vaginal suppositories and eye drops to treat infections and other conditions. Borates are also used in some medications as a component to help with the absorption of other active ingredients. For example, boric acid is used in some oral contraceptives to help with the absorption of hormones. In addition to their use in medicine, borates are also used in other industries, such as agriculture and cosmetics, due to their unique properties, such as their ability to absorb moisture and their ability to act as a mild abrasive.
Phosphines are a class of chemical compounds that contain a central phosphorus atom bonded to one or more hydrogen atoms and one or more other atoms or groups. They are not typically used in the medical field, as they are primarily used in industrial and laboratory settings for a variety of applications, such as in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and electronic materials. However, there are some exceptions. For example, some phosphines have been studied for their potential use as drugs to treat certain medical conditions. These compounds are thought to work by binding to specific proteins or enzymes in the body, which can alter their activity and potentially have therapeutic effects. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential uses and safety of these compounds in the medical field.
Amino alcohols are a class of organic compounds that contain both an amino group (-NH2) and an alcohol group (-OH) attached to the same carbon atom. They are commonly found in nature and have a wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer properties. In the medical field, amino alcohols are used as drugs and as intermediates in the synthesis of other drugs. For example, the amino alcohol chloroquine is used to treat malaria, while the amino alcohol amantadine is used to treat influenza. Other amino alcohols, such as proline and hydroxyproline, are important components of collagen, a protein that is essential for the structure and function of connective tissue in the body. Amino alcohols can also be used as precursors for the synthesis of other compounds, such as amino acids and peptides. They are also used in the production of detergents, surfactants, and other industrial chemicals.
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a type of radiation therapy used to treat certain types of cancer. It works by targeting cancer cells with a small amount of a radioactive isotope called boron-10, which is selectively taken up by the cancer cells. When the boron-10 is bombarded with low-energy neutrons, it undergoes a nuclear reaction that releases high-energy alpha particles and lithium ions. These particles are highly damaging to cancer cells and can destroy them while leaving healthy cells relatively unharmed. BNCT is typically used to treat cancers that are difficult to treat with other forms of radiation therapy, such as glioblastoma multiforme (a type of brain cancer) and melanoma (a type of skin cancer). It is also being studied for the treatment of other types of cancer, such as head and neck cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. To undergo BNCT, patients are first given a solution containing boron-10. They are then exposed to a beam of neutrons, which causes the boron-10 to undergo the nuclear reaction and release the high-energy particles. The treatment is typically performed in a medical facility equipped with a neutron source, such as a nuclear reactor or a particle accelerator.
In the medical field, ethers are a class of organic compounds that contain an oxygen atom bonded to two carbon atoms. They are commonly used as anesthetic agents, meaning they are used to induce a state of unconsciousness and analgesia (pain relief) during medical procedures. There are several different types of ethers, including diethyl ether, chloroform, and halothane. These compounds work by disrupting the normal functioning of the brain, leading to a loss of consciousness and pain relief. Ethers have been used as anesthetics for many years, but their use has declined in recent decades due to concerns about their potential side effects, including respiratory depression, nausea, and vomiting. However, they are still used in certain medical situations, such as in the treatment of certain types of cancer.
Boranes
Dehydrogenation of amine-boranes
Borane
Borane carbonyl
Alpine borane
Phosphine-borane
Borane-tetrahydrofuran
Ammonia borane
Borane dimethylsulfide
Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane
Borane tert-butylamine
Midland Alpine borane reduction
Hydroboration-oxidation reaction
Octadecaborane
Methyldiborane
9-Borabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane
Hydride
1,2-Dimethyldiborane
List of inorganic compounds
Hydroboration
E. D. Jemmis
Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory
William Lipscomb
Jemmis mno rules
Dodecaborate
Spherical aromaticity
Earl Muetterties
Phosphinimide ligands
Swern oxidation
Pinacolborane
Ray Borane Middle School, Douglas, Arizona (AZ): Student Statistics -SchoolFamily.com
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Amine boranes8
- The related pentafluorophenyl substituted amine boranes H3N·BHn(C6F5)3−n may be used as ligand precursors for the synthesis of group 4 metallocene amidoborane complexes. (uea.ac.uk)
- This structural feature is proposed to play a significant role in catalytic dehydrocoupling of amine boranes by early transition metal catalysts. (uea.ac.uk)
- Behavior and kinetic of hydrolysis of amine boranes in acid media employed in chemical vapor generation. (bvsalud.org)
- The behavior of NaBH4 (THB) and the amine boranes , NH3BH3 (AB), tertbutylNH2BH3 (TBAB), Me2NHBH3 (DMAB) was investigated in continuous flow chemical vapor generation of H2Se from aqueous SeIV coupled with atomic absorption spectrometry . (bvsalud.org)
- In order to explain this unexpected higher efficiency of amine boranes with respect of THB, the kinetic of hydrolysis of AB, TBAB and DMAB was investigated in acid media typically employed in chemical vapor generation for trace element determination . (bvsalud.org)
- Under strongly acidic conditions, the rates of hydrogen evolution produced by amine boranes hydrolysis appear to be much slower than those predicted by a pseudo-first order reaction and using the rate constants reported in the literature . (bvsalud.org)
- This suggests that, at elevated acidities (5 mol L-1 HCl or HClO4), the hydrolysis of amine boranes takes place in two steps, generating a first amount of H2 (0.67-1.15 mol) much faster than the remaining about 2 mol. (bvsalud.org)
- This evidence indicates a different mechanism of hydrolysis to the one accepted in the literature for amine boranes . (bvsalud.org)
Adducts5
- Chapter 2 details the use of Me2S·BHn(C6F5)3−n in the preparation of the pentafluorophenyl substituted amine borane adducts, LB·BHn(C6F5)3−n (LB = NR3, NHR2, NH2R, py). (uea.ac.uk)
- Duward Shriver pioneered the study of borane adducts of cyanometalates. (rsc.org)
- 1a-d Although he established from analysis of vibrational spectroscopic data that borane coordination (CN-BR 3 ) enhanced M(d 6 )-CN π backbonding, surprisingly, to the best of our knowledge, no structures of d 6 low-spin borane adducts have been hitherto reported. (rsc.org)
- 3,4 Also surprising is that very little is known about the electrochemistry of coordinatively-saturated borane adducts of hexacyanometalates, with the majority of previous work focused on the solvent dependence of cyanometalate redox potentials. (rsc.org)
- The borane adducts of 1 were synthesized by combining six equivalents of borane with one equivalent of 1 dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) in a nitrogen-filled glove box. (rsc.org)
Catalysts1
- Lewis acidic boranes have been shown to be effective metal-free catalysts for highly selective reactions of donor-acceptor diazo compounds to a range of substrates. (edu.au)
Hydrolysis2
- The relatively high efficiencies of H2Se observed with amine borane reduction of inorganic SeIV at elevated acidities can be addressed to the action of borane intermediates, most probably amine borane cations , formed during amine borane hydrolysis in the same reaction conditions. (bvsalud.org)
- In this paper, Fe 36 Co 44 nanocluster structure is used to catalyze the hydrolysis reaction of ammonia borane to produce H 2 . (ccspublishing.org.cn)
Tris1
- In this month's Editor's Collection, Associate Editor Santanu Mukherjee highlighted 'Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane Catalyzed C−C and C−heteroatom Bond Formation' by Chatterjee et al. (rsc.org)
Intermediates1
- Sehoon Park and Sukbok Chang report a borane-catalyzed synthesis of silicon-functionalized synthetic intermediates. (thieme.de)
Lewis1
- Control over redox properties is established with respect to borane Lewis acidity, reflected in peak anodic potential shifts per borane of +250 mV for BPh 3 and +350 mV for B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 . (rsc.org)
Hydroboration1
- Many reactions of alkenes are initiated by hydroboration , then conversion of the resulting alkyl borane. (organic-chemistry.org)
Boron5
- Borane clusters are classified as follows, where n is the number of boron atoms in a single cluster: The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry rules for systematic naming is based on a prefix denoting a class of compound, followed by the number of boron atoms and finally the number of hydrogen atoms in parentheses. (wikipedia.org)
- Borane BH3 Diborane(6) B2H6 arachno-Tetraborane(10) B4H10 Pentaborane(9) B5H9 Decaborane(14) B10H14 Octadecaborane(22) B18H22 iso-B18H22 Hexaborate(6) B6H62− Heptaborate(7) B7H72− Octaborate(8) B8H82− Nonaborate(9) B9H92− Decaborate(10) B10H102− Undecaborate(11) B11H112− Dodecaborate(12) B12H122− The naming of anions is illustrated by octahydridopentaborate, B5H8− The hydrogen count is specified first followed by the boron count. (wikipedia.org)
- For example, reaction of a borane cluster with B2H6 (as a source of BH3) can lead to the formation of a conjuncto-borane species in which borane cluster sub-units are joined by the sharing of boron atoms. (wikipedia.org)
- Boric acid is used in cosmetics, borides, boron oxides, borates, boranes, been derived for acute-duration oral susceptible to boron poisoning than pharmaceuticals, and toiletries. (cdc.gov)
- Chemical vapour deposition uses the reaction of gaseous carbon black and borane at high temperature to create boron carburide. (inwin-style.com)
Synthesis1
- Borane-based reagents are now widely used in organic synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrogen2
- Interest in boranes increased during World War II due to the potential of uranium borohydride for enrichment of the uranium isotopes and as a source of hydrogen for inflating weather balloons. (wikipedia.org)
- Ammonia-Borane (NH 3 BH 3 , AB), which has the most hydrogen-containing borohydride (19.6 wt%), high thermal stability, long-term stability in aqueous solutions and low toxicity, is becoming the leading contender for chemical hydrogen-storage materials. (ccspublishing.org.cn)
Species1
- Full borane coordination for all species was confirmed by analysis of X-ray crystallographic data (see ESI † ), with representative structures depicted in Fig. 1 . (rsc.org)
Behavior1
- Reminiscent of the behavior of diborane, some lower boranes react with air very exothermically, even explosively. (wikipedia.org)
Cluster2
- By contrast, many closo-borane cluster, such as B12H122−, do not react with air. (wikipedia.org)
- By comparing the adsorption process of Ammonia Borane (AB) in active sites of the cluster, which have different Effective Coordination Number (ECN), the qualitative relationship between ECN and the catalytic activation of AB is clarified, and the optimal catalytic active site is obtained. (ccspublishing.org.cn)
Synthetic1
- The development of the chemistry of boranes led to innovations in synthetic methods as well as structure and bonding. (wikipedia.org)
Structures2
- Although they have few practical applications, the boranes exhibit structures and bonding that differs strongly from the patterns seen in hydrocarbons. (wikipedia.org)
- The bonding of the clusters ushered in Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory and Wade's rules, which can be used to predict the structures of boranes. (wikipedia.org)
Study1
- The objective of this study was (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of Megabond when used with Superbond C&B, a 4-methacryloloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META)/methyl methacrylate (MMA)-tri-n-butyl borane (TBB) resin, to bond orthodontic metal brackets to human enamel and (2) to examine the influence of saliva contamination on shear bond strength. (who.int)
Application1
- La méthodologie développée au cours de cette seconde partie de thèse est la première application des NHC-boranes pour effectuer un transfert d'hydrogène radicalaire diastéréosélectif. (umontreal.ca)
Description1
- A description of the bonding in the larger boranes was formulated by William Lipscomb. (wikipedia.org)
Made1
- B6H10 + (BH3) → B7H11 + H2 B7H11 + B6H10 → B13H19 + H2 Other conjuncto-boranes, where the sub-units are joined by a B-B bond, can be made by ultra violet irradiation of nido-boranes. (wikipedia.org)
Dimethylamine3
- Metabolism and disposition of [(14)C]dimethylamine borane in male Harlan Sprague Dawley rats following gavage administration, intravenous administration and dermal application. (nih.gov)
- An overview of Genetic Toxicology Bacterial Mutagenicity study conclusions related to Dimethylamine borane (74-94-2). (nih.gov)
- Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of Dimethylamine Borane in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. (nih.gov)
Carboranes1
- Hybrids of boranes and hydrocarbons, the carboranes are also well developed. (wikipedia.org)
Reactions1
- This was achieved by reactions of propargyl amines with Lewis acidic boranes under mild conditions. (rsc.org)
Complexes3
- 4. Amine- and dimeric amino-borane complexes of the {Rh(P(i)Pr3)2}+ fragment and their relevance to the transition-metal-mediated dehydrocoupling of amine-boranes. (nih.gov)
- 11. Monomeric and oligomeric amine-borane sigma-complexes of rhodium. (nih.gov)
- 12. Ambiphilic diphosphine-borane ligands: metal-->borane interactions within isoelectronic complexes of rhodium, platinum and palladium. (nih.gov)
Compounds1
- Boranes are nonclassically-bonded compounds, that is, there are not enough electrons to form 2-centre, 2-electron bonds between all pairs of adjacent atoms in the molecule. (wikipedia.org)
Mechanism1
- The mechanism involved borane-mediated alkyne activation and intramolecular hydride transfer, thus realizing a unique hydroboration in the absence of a B-H bond. (rsc.org)
Catalyst1
- Some B-B coupled conjuncto-boranes can be produced using PtBr2 as catalyst. (wikipedia.org)
Formula1
- A borane is a compound with the formula BxHy or a related anion. (wikipedia.org)