Bone Substitutes
Calcium Phosphates
Bone and Bones
Ceramics
Calcium Sulfate
Durapatite
Bone Regeneration
Apatites
Tooth Socket
Biocompatible Materials
Bone Remodeling
Absorbable Implants
Osseointegration
Bone Cements
Porosity
Bone Cysts
Hydroxyapatites
Bone Density
Solid-Phase Synthesis Techniques
Compressive Strength
Curettage
Materials Testing
Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic
Alveolar Process
Alveolar Ridge Augmentation
Nanocomposites
Bone Marrow
Polyesters
Tissue Scaffolds
Spinal Fusion
Bone Marrow Cells
Tissue Engineering
Bone Development
Tibia
Osteoblasts
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Tibial Fractures
Blood Substitutes
Bioreactors
Bone Matrix
Skin, Artificial
Lumbar Vertebrae
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Stress, Mechanical
Surface Properties
Bone Diseases, Metabolic
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
Rabbits
Coating titanium implants with bioglass and with hydroxyapatite. A comparative study in sheep. (1/454)
This study compares the osteointegration of titanium implants coated with bioglass (Biovetro GSB formula) and with hydroxyapatite (HAP). Twenty-four bioglass-coated and 24 HAP-coated cylinders were implanted in the femoral diaphyses of sheep, and examined after 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 16 weeks. The HAP coating gave a stronger and earlier fixation to the bone than did bioglass. Bioglass formed a tissue interface which showed a macrophage reaction with little new bone formation activity. In contrast, HPA, showed intense new bone formation, with highly mineralised osseous trabeculae in the neighbourhood of the interface. (+info)Coral grafting supplemented with bone marrow. (2/454)
Limited success in regenerating large bone defects has been achieved by bridging them with osteoconductive materials. These substitutes lack the osteogenic and osteoinductive properties of bone autograft. A direct approach would be to stimulate osteogenesis in these biomaterials by the addition of fresh bone-marrow cells (BMC). We therefore created osteoperiosteal gaps 2 cm wide in the ulna of adult rabbits and either bridged them with coral alone (CC), coral supplemented with BMC, or left them empty. Coral was chosen as a scaffold because of its good biocompatibility and resorbability. In osteoperiosteal gaps bridged with coral only, the coral was invaded chiefly by fibrous tissue. It was insufficient to produce union after two months. In defects filled with coral and BMC an increase in osteogenesis was observed and the bone surface area was significantly higher compared with defects filled with coral alone. Bony union occurred in six out of six defects filled with coral and BMC after two months. An increase in the resorption of coral was also observed, suggesting that resorbing cells or their progenitors were present in bone marrow and survived the grafting procedure. Our findings have shown that supplementation of coral with BMC increased both the resorption of material and osteogenesis in defects of a clinical significance. (+info)Osteoinductive bone graft substitutes. (3/454)
This review will summarize the major efforts currently underway to develop osteoinductive bone graft substitutes for minimally invasive spine fusions. The primary categories of substitute include purified bone growth factors, recombinant bone growth factors, and growth factors delivered by gene therapy approaches. Clinical trials are underway for the purified and recombinant bone growth factors and pre-clinical studies have yielded promising results for a variety of gene therapy techniques for generating bone. (+info)Hydroxyapatite coated with heaptocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulates human osteoblasts in vitro. (4/454)
We have studied in vitro the effect of a hydroxyapatite (HA) tricalcium phosphate material coated with hepatocyte growth factor (HA-HGF) on cell growth, collagen synthesis and secretion of metalloproteinases (MMPs) by human osteoblasts. Cell proliferation was stimulated when osteoblasts were incubated with untreated HA and was further increased after exposure to HA-HGF. The uptake of [3H]-proline was increased after treatment with HA. When osteoblasts were exposed to HA-HGF, collagen synthesis was increased with respect to HA. The secretion of MMPs in control cells was undetectable, but in HA and HA-HGF cells MMP 2 and MMP 9 were clearly synthesised. Our results suggest that HA can promote osteoblast activity and that HGF can further increase its bioactivity. (+info)Porous apatite-wollastonite glass-ceramic as an intramedullary plug. (5/454)
We evaluated the efficacy and biocompatibility of porous apatite-wollastonite glass ceramic (AW-GC) as an intramedullary plug in total hip replacement (THR) for up to two years in 22 adult beagle dogs. Cylindrical porous AW-GC rods (70% porosity, mean pore size 200 microm) were prepared. Four dogs were killed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months each and six at 24 months after implantation. Radiological evaluation confirmed the efficacy of porous AW-CG as an intramedullary plug. Histological evaluation showed osteoconduction at one month and resorption of the porous AW-GC, which was replaced by newly-formed bone, at 24 months. Our findings indicate that porous AW-GC can be used clinically as an intramedullary plug in THR. (+info)High density polyetherurethane foam as a fragmentation and radiographic surrogate for cortical bone. (6/454)
BACKGROUND: Although one of the most important factors in predicting outcome of articular fracture, the comminution of the fracture is only subjectively assessed. To facilitate development of objective, quantitative measures of comminution phenomena, there is need for a bone fragmentation surrogate. METHODS: Laboratory investigation was undertaken to develop and characterize a novel synthetic material capable of emulating the fragmentation and radiographic behavior of human cortical bone. RESULT: Screening tests performed with a drop tower apparatus identified high-density polyetherurethane foam as having suitable fragmentation properties. The material's impact behavior and its quasi-static mechanical properties are here described. Dispersal of barium sulfate (BaSO4) in the resin achieved radio-density closely resembling that of bone, without detectably altering mechanical behavior. The surrogate material's ultimate strength, elastic modulus, and quasi-static toughness are within an order of magnitude of those of mammalian cortical bone. The spectrum of comminution patterns produced by this material when impacted with varying amounts of energy is very comparable to the spectrum of bone fragment comminution seen clinically. CONCLUSIONS: A novel high-density polyetherurethane foam, when subjected to impact loading, sustains comminuted fracture in a manner strikingly similar to cortical bone. Moreover, since the material also can be doped with radio-opacifier so as to closely emulate bone's radiographic signature, it opens many new possibilities for CT-based systematic study of comminution phenomena. (+info)A bone replaceable artificial bone substitute: morphological and physiochemical characterizations. (7/454)
A composite material consisting of carbonate apatite (CAp) and type I atelocollagen (AtCol) (88/12 in wt/wt%) was designed for use as an artificial bone substitute. CAp was synthesized at 58 degrees C by a solution-precipitation method and then heated at either 980 degrees C or 1,200 degrees C. In this study, type I AtCol was purified from bovine tail skins. A CAp-AtCol mixture was prepared by centirfugation and condensed into composite rods or disks. The scanning electron-microscopic (SEM) characterization indicated that the CAp synthesized at 58 degrees C displayed a crystallinity similar to that of natural bone and had a high porosity (mean pore size: about 3-10 microns in diameter). SEM also revealed that the CAp heated at 980 degrees C was more porous than that sintered at 1,200 degrees C, and the 1,200 degrees C-heated particles were more uniformly encapsulated by the AtCol fibers than the 980 degrees C-heated ones. A Fourier transformed-infrared spectroscopic analysis showed that the bands characteristic of carbonate ions were clearly observed in the 58 degrees C-synthesized CAp. To enhance the intramolecular cross-linking between the collagen molecules, CAp-AtCol composites were irradiated by ultraviolet (UV) ray (wave length 254 nm) for 4 hours or vacuum-dried at 150 degrees C for 2 hours. Compared to the non cross-linked composites, the UV-irradiated or dehydrothermally cross-linked composites showed significantly (p < 0.05) low collagen degradation and swelling ratio. Preliminary mechanical data demonstrated that the compressive strengths of the CAp-AtCol composites were higher than the values reported for bone. (+info)Spinal fusions: bone and bone substitutes. (8/454)
Vertebral arthrodesis is one of the most commonly performed, yet incompletely understood, procedures in spinal surgery. Despite major progress in internal fixation techniques, the high rate of nonunions indicates that physiologic, biologic and molecular events that are crucial to this process are not well known. This article will analyze the general biology of bone regeneration, and particularly discuss the properties and use of various bone graft materials and graft substitutes. (+info)Bone substitutes are materials that are used to replace missing or damaged bone in the body. They can be made from a variety of materials, including natural bone from other parts of the body or from animals, synthetic materials, or a combination of both. The goal of using bone substitutes is to provide structural support and promote the growth of new bone tissue.
Bone substitutes are often used in dental, orthopedic, and craniofacial surgery to help repair defects caused by trauma, tumors, or congenital abnormalities. They can also be used to augment bone volume in procedures such as spinal fusion or joint replacement.
There are several types of bone substitutes available, including:
1. Autografts: Bone taken from another part of the patient's body, such as the hip or pelvis.
2. Allografts: Bone taken from a deceased donor and processed to remove any cells and infectious materials.
3. Xenografts: Bone from an animal source, typically bovine or porcine, that has been processed to remove any cells and infectious materials.
4. Synthetic bone substitutes: Materials such as calcium phosphate ceramics, bioactive glass, and polymer-based materials that are designed to mimic the properties of natural bone.
The choice of bone substitute material depends on several factors, including the size and location of the defect, the patient's medical history, and the surgeon's preference. It is important to note that while bone substitutes can provide structural support and promote new bone growth, they may not have the same strength or durability as natural bone. Therefore, they may not be suitable for all applications, particularly those that require high load-bearing capacity.
Calcium phosphates are a group of minerals that are important components of bones and teeth. They are also found in some foods and are used in dietary supplements and medical applications. Chemically, calcium phosphates are salts of calcium and phosphoric acid, and they exist in various forms, including hydroxyapatite, which is the primary mineral component of bone tissue. Other forms of calcium phosphates include monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, and tricalcium phosphate, which are used as food additives and dietary supplements. Calcium phosphates are important for maintaining strong bones and teeth, and they also play a role in various physiological processes, such as nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction.
"Bone" is the hard, dense connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrate animals. It provides support and protection for the body's internal organs, and serves as a attachment site for muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Bone is composed of cells called osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone formation and resorption, respectively, and an extracellular matrix made up of collagen fibers and mineral crystals.
Bones can be classified into two main types: compact bone and spongy bone. Compact bone is dense and hard, and makes up the outer layer of all bones and the shafts of long bones. Spongy bone is less dense and contains large spaces, and makes up the ends of long bones and the interior of flat and irregular bones.
The human body has 206 bones in total. They can be further classified into five categories based on their shape: long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones.
In the field of medicine, ceramics are commonly referred to as inorganic, non-metallic materials that are made up of compounds such as oxides, carbides, and nitrides. These materials are often used in medical applications due to their biocompatibility, resistance to corrosion, and ability to withstand high temperatures. Some examples of medical ceramics include:
1. Bioceramics: These are ceramic materials that are used in medical devices and implants, such as hip replacements, dental implants, and bone grafts. They are designed to be biocompatible, which means they can be safely implanted into the body without causing an adverse reaction.
2. Ceramic coatings: These are thin layers of ceramic material that are applied to medical devices and implants to improve their performance and durability. For example, ceramic coatings may be used on orthopedic implants to reduce wear and tear, or on cardiovascular implants to prevent blood clots from forming.
3. Ceramic membranes: These are porous ceramic materials that are used in medical filtration systems, such as hemodialysis machines. They are designed to selectively filter out impurities while allowing essential molecules to pass through.
4. Ceramic scaffolds: These are three-dimensional structures made of ceramic material that are used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. They provide a framework for cells to grow and multiply, helping to repair or replace damaged tissues.
Overall, medical ceramics play an important role in modern healthcare, providing safe and effective solutions for a wide range of medical applications.
Calcium sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CaSO4. It is a white, odorless, and tasteless solid that is insoluble in alcohol but soluble in water. Calcium sulfate is commonly found in nature as the mineral gypsum, which is used in various industrial applications such as plaster, wallboard, and cement.
In the medical field, calcium sulfate may be used as a component of some pharmaceutical products or as a surgical material. For example, it can be used as a bone void filler to promote healing after bone fractures or surgeries. Calcium sulfate is also used in some dental materials and medical devices.
It's important to note that while calcium sulfate has various industrial and medical uses, it should not be taken as a dietary supplement or medication without the guidance of a healthcare professional.
Dura Mater: The tough, outer membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord.
Hydroxyapatite: A naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite, also known as dahllite, with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH), is the primary mineral component of biological apatites found in bones and teeth.
Therefore, "Durapatite" isn't a recognized medical term, but it seems like it might be a combination of "dura mater" and "hydroxyapatite." If you meant to ask about a material used in medical or dental applications that combines properties of both dura mater and hydroxyapatite, please provide more context.
Bone regeneration is the biological process of new bone formation that occurs after an injury or removal of a portion of bone. This complex process involves several stages, including inflammation, migration and proliferation of cells, matrix deposition, and mineralization, leading to the restoration of the bone's structure and function.
The main cells involved in bone regeneration are osteoblasts, which produce new bone matrix, and osteoclasts, which resorb damaged or old bone tissue. The process is tightly regulated by various growth factors, hormones, and signaling molecules that promote the recruitment, differentiation, and activity of these cells.
Bone regeneration can occur naturally in response to injury or surgical intervention, such as fracture repair or dental implant placement. However, in some cases, bone regeneration may be impaired due to factors such as age, disease, or trauma, leading to delayed healing or non-union of the bone. In these situations, various strategies and techniques, including the use of bone grafts, scaffolds, and growth factors, can be employed to enhance and support the bone regeneration process.
Apatite is a group of phosphate minerals, primarily consisting of fluorapatite, chlorapatite, and hydroxylapatite. They are important constituents of rocks and bones, and they have a wide range of applications in various industries. In the context of medicine, apatites are most notable for their presence in human teeth and bones.
Hydroxylapatite is the primary mineral component of tooth enamel, making up about 97% of its weight. It provides strength and hardness to the enamel, enabling it to withstand the forces of biting and chewing. Fluorapatite, a related mineral that contains fluoride ions instead of hydroxyl ions, is also present in tooth enamel and helps to protect it from acid erosion caused by bacteria and dietary acids.
Chlorapatite has limited medical relevance but can be found in some pathological calcifications in the body.
In addition to their natural occurrence in teeth and bones, apatites have been synthesized for various medical applications, such as bone graft substitutes, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering scaffolds. These synthetic apatites are biocompatible and can promote bone growth and regeneration, making them useful in dental and orthopedic procedures.
Bone transplantation, also known as bone grafting, is a surgical procedure in which bone or bone-like material is transferred from one part of the body to another or from one person to another. The graft may be composed of cortical (hard outer portion) bone, cancellous (spongy inner portion) bone, or a combination of both. It can be taken from different sites in the same individual (autograft), from another individual of the same species (allograft), or from an animal source (xenograft). The purpose of bone transplantation is to replace missing bone, provide structural support, and stimulate new bone growth. This procedure is commonly used in orthopedic, dental, and maxillofacial surgeries to repair bone defects caused by trauma, tumors, or congenital conditions.
A tooth socket, also known as an alveolus (plural: alveoli), refers to the hollow cavity or space in the jawbone where a tooth is anchored. The tooth socket is part of the alveolar process, which is the curved part of the maxilla or mandible that contains multiple tooth sockets for the upper and lower teeth, respectively.
Each tooth socket has a specialized tissue called the periodontal ligament, which attaches the root of the tooth to the surrounding bone. This ligament helps absorb forces generated during biting and chewing, allowing for comfortable and efficient mastication while also maintaining the tooth's position within the jawbone. The tooth socket is responsible for providing support, stability, and nourishment to the tooth through its blood vessels and nerves.
Biocompatible materials are non-toxic and non-reacting substances that can be used in medical devices, tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems without causing harm or adverse reactions to living tissues or organs. These materials are designed to mimic the properties of natural tissues and are able to integrate with biological systems without being rejected by the body's immune system.
Biocompatible materials can be made from a variety of substances, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. The specific properties of these materials, such as their mechanical strength, flexibility, and biodegradability, are carefully selected to meet the requirements of their intended medical application.
Examples of biocompatible materials include titanium used in dental implants and joint replacements, polyethylene used in artificial hips, and hydrogels used in contact lenses and drug delivery systems. The use of biocompatible materials has revolutionized modern medicine by enabling the development of advanced medical technologies that can improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
Bone remodeling is the normal and continuous process by which bone tissue is removed from the skeleton (a process called resorption) and new bone tissue is formed (a process called formation). This ongoing cycle allows bones to repair microdamage, adjust their size and shape in response to mechanical stress, and maintain mineral homeostasis. The cells responsible for bone resorption are osteoclasts, while the cells responsible for bone formation are osteoblasts. These two cell types work together to maintain the structural integrity and health of bones throughout an individual's life.
During bone remodeling, the process can be divided into several stages:
1. Activation: The initiation of bone remodeling is triggered by various factors such as microdamage, hormonal changes, or mechanical stress. This leads to the recruitment and activation of osteoclast precursor cells.
2. Resorption: Osteoclasts attach to the bone surface and create a sealed compartment called a resorption lacuna. They then secrete acid and enzymes that dissolve and digest the mineralized matrix, creating pits or cavities on the bone surface. This process helps remove old or damaged bone tissue and releases calcium and phosphate ions into the bloodstream.
3. Reversal: After resorption is complete, the osteoclasts undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death), and mononuclear cells called reversal cells appear on the resorbed surface. These cells prepare the bone surface for the next stage by cleaning up debris and releasing signals that attract osteoblast precursors.
4. Formation: Osteoblasts, derived from mesenchymal stem cells, migrate to the resorbed surface and begin producing a new organic matrix called osteoid. As the osteoid mineralizes, it forms a hard, calcified structure that gradually replaces the resorbed bone tissue. The osteoblasts may become embedded within this newly formed bone as they differentiate into osteocytes, which are mature bone cells responsible for maintaining bone homeostasis and responding to mechanical stress.
5. Mineralization: Over time, the newly formed bone continues to mineralize, becoming stronger and more dense. This process helps maintain the structural integrity of the skeleton and ensures adequate calcium storage.
Throughout this continuous cycle of bone remodeling, hormones, growth factors, and mechanical stress play crucial roles in regulating the balance between resorption and formation. Disruptions to this delicate equilibrium can lead to various bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, where excessive resorption results in weakened bones and increased fracture risk.
Absorbable implants are medical devices that are designed to be placed inside the body during a surgical procedure, where they provide support, stabilization, or other functions, and then gradually break down and are absorbed by the body over time. These implants are typically made from materials such as polymers, proteins, or ceramics that have been engineered to degrade at a controlled rate, allowing them to be resorbed and eliminated from the body without the need for a second surgical procedure to remove them.
Absorbable implants are often used in orthopedic, dental, and plastic surgery applications, where they can help promote healing and support tissue regeneration. For example, absorbable screws or pins may be used to stabilize fractured bones during the healing process, after which they will gradually dissolve and be absorbed by the body. Similarly, absorbable membranes may be used in dental surgery to help guide the growth of new bone and gum tissue around an implant, and then be resorbed over time.
It's important to note that while absorbable implants offer several advantages over non-absorbable materials, such as reduced risk of infection and improved patient comfort, they may also have some limitations. For example, the mechanical properties of absorbable materials may not be as strong as those of non-absorbable materials, which could affect their performance in certain applications. Additionally, the degradation products of absorbable implants may cause local inflammation or other adverse reactions in some patients. As with any medical device, the use of absorbable implants should be carefully considered and discussed with a qualified healthcare professional.
Osseointegration is a direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of an implant. It's a process where the bone grows in and around the implant, which is typically made of titanium or another biocompatible material. This process provides a solid foundation for dental prosthetics, such as crowns, bridges, or dentures, or for orthopedic devices like artificial limbs. The success of osseointegration depends on various factors, including the patient's overall health, the quality and quantity of available bone, and the surgical technique used for implant placement.
Bone cements are medical-grade materials used in orthopedic and trauma surgery to fill gaps between bone surfaces and implants, such as artificial joints or screws. They serve to mechanically stabilize the implant and provide a smooth, load-bearing surface. The two most common types of bone cement are:
1. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement: This is a two-component system consisting of powdered PMMA and liquid methyl methacrylate monomer. When mixed together, they form a dough-like consistency that hardens upon exposure to air. PMMA cement has been widely used for decades in joint replacement surgeries, such as hip or knee replacements.
2. Calcium phosphate (CP) cement: This is a two-component system consisting of a powdered CP compound and an aqueous solution. When mixed together, they form a paste that hardens through a chemical reaction at body temperature. CP cement has lower mechanical strength compared to PMMA but demonstrates better biocompatibility, bioactivity, and the ability to resorb over time.
Both types of bone cements have advantages and disadvantages, and their use depends on the specific surgical indication and patient factors.
In the context of medical terminology, "porosity" is not a term that is frequently used to describe human tissues or organs. However, in dermatology and cosmetics, porosity refers to the ability of the skin to absorb and retain moisture or topical treatments.
A skin with high porosity has larger pores and can absorb more products, while a skin with low porosity has smaller pores and may have difficulty absorbing products. It is important to note that this definition of porosity is not a medical one but is instead used in the beauty industry.
A bone cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops within a bone. It can be classified as either simple (unicameral) or aneurysmal. Simple bone cysts are more common in children and adolescents, and they typically affect the long bones of the arms or legs. These cysts are usually asymptomatic unless they become large enough to weaken the bone and cause a fracture. Aneurysmal bone cysts, on the other hand, can occur at any age and can affect any bone, but they are most common in the leg bones and spine. They are characterized by rapidly growing blood-filled sacs that can cause pain, swelling, and fractures.
Both types of bone cysts may be treated with observation, medication, or surgery depending on their size, location, and symptoms. It is important to note that while these cysts can be benign, they should still be evaluated and monitored by a healthcare professional to ensure proper treatment and prevention of complications.
Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate mineral that makes up about 70% of the inorganic component of bone and teeth in humans and other animals. It has the chemical formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. Hydroxyapatite is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite, with the idealized crystal structure consisting of alternating calcium and phosphate layers.
In addition to its natural occurrence in bone and teeth, hydroxyapatite has various medical applications due to its biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties. It is used as a coating on orthopedic implants to promote bone growth and integration with the implant, and it is also used in dental and oral healthcare products for remineralization of tooth enamel. Furthermore, hydroxyapatite has been studied for its potential use in drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and other biomedical applications.
Osteogenesis is the process of bone formation or development. It involves the differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells that synthesize and deposit the organic matrix of bone tissue, composed mainly of type I collagen. This organic matrix later mineralizes to form the inorganic crystalline component of bone, primarily hydroxyapatite.
There are two primary types of osteogenesis: intramembranous and endochondral. Intramembranous osteogenesis occurs directly within connective tissue, where mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into osteoblasts and form bone tissue without an intervening cartilage template. This process is responsible for the formation of flat bones like the skull and clavicles.
Endochondral osteogenesis, on the other hand, involves the initial development of a cartilaginous model or template, which is later replaced by bone tissue. This process forms long bones, such as those in the limbs, and occurs through several stages involving chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and calcification, followed by invasion of blood vessels and osteoblasts to replace the cartilage with bone tissue.
Abnormalities in osteogenesis can lead to various skeletal disorders and diseases, such as osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease), achondroplasia (a form of dwarfism), and cleidocranial dysplasia (a disorder affecting skull and collarbone development).
Bone density refers to the amount of bone mineral content (usually measured in grams) in a given volume of bone (usually measured in cubic centimeters). It is often used as an indicator of bone strength and fracture risk. Bone density is typically measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans, which provide a T-score that compares the patient's bone density to that of a young adult reference population. A T-score of -1 or above is considered normal, while a T-score between -1 and -2.5 indicates osteopenia (low bone mass), and a T-score below -2.5 indicates osteoporosis (porous bones). Regular exercise, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, and medication (if necessary) can help maintain or improve bone density and prevent fractures.
Solid-phase synthesis techniques refer to a group of methods used in chemistry, particularly in the field of peptide and oligonucleotide synthesis. These techniques involve chemically binding reactive components to a solid support or resin, and then performing a series of reactions on the attached components while they are still in the solid phase.
The key advantage of solid-phase synthesis is that it allows for the automated and repetitive addition of individual building blocks (such as amino acids or nucleotides) to a growing chain, with each step followed by a purification process that removes any unreacted components. This makes it possible to synthesize complex molecules in a highly controlled and efficient manner.
The solid-phase synthesis techniques typically involve the use of protecting groups to prevent unwanted reactions between functional groups on the building blocks, as well as the use of activating agents to promote the desired chemical reactions. Once the synthesis is complete, the final product can be cleaved from the solid support and purified to yield a pure sample of the desired molecule.
In summary, solid-phase synthesis techniques are a powerful set of methods used in chemistry to synthesize complex molecules in a controlled and efficient manner, with applications in fields such as pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, and materials science.
Compressive strength is a measure of the maximum compressive load that a material or structure can withstand before failure or deformation. It is typically expressed in units of pressure, such as pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa). Compressive strength is an important property in the design and analysis of structures and materials, as it helps to ensure their safety and durability under compressive loads.
In medical terminology, compressive strength may refer to the ability of biological tissues, such as bone or cartilage, to withstand compressive forces without deforming or failing. For example, osteoporosis is a condition characterized by reduced bone density and compressive strength, which can increase the risk of fractures in affected individuals. Similarly, degenerative changes in articular cartilage can lead to decreased compressive strength and joint pain or stiffness.
Curettage is a medical procedure that involves scraping or removing tissue from the lining of an organ or body cavity, typically performed using a curette, which is a long, thin surgical instrument with a looped or sharp end. In gynecology, curettage is often used to remove tissue from the uterus during a procedure called dilation and curettage (D&C) to diagnose or treat abnormal uterine bleeding, or to remove residual placental or fetal tissue following a miscarriage or abortion. Curettage may also be used in other medical specialties to remove damaged or diseased tissue from areas such as the nose, throat, or skin.
X-ray microtomography, often referred to as micro-CT, is a non-destructive imaging technique used to visualize and analyze the internal structure of objects with high spatial resolution. It is based on the principles of computed tomography (CT), where multiple X-ray images are acquired at different angles and then reconstructed into cross-sectional slices using specialized software. These slices can be further processed to create 3D visualizations, allowing researchers and clinicians to examine the internal structure and composition of samples in great detail. Micro-CT is widely used in materials science, biology, medicine, and engineering for various applications such as material characterization, bone analysis, and defect inspection.
I'm happy to help! However, I must clarify that "materials testing" is not a medical term per se. It is a term used in various fields, including engineering and materials science, to describe the process of subjecting materials to different tests to evaluate their properties and performance under various conditions.
In the context of medical devices or implants, materials testing may refer to the evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of materials used in their construction. These tests can include assessments of strength, durability, biocompatibility, and other factors that are critical to ensuring the safety and efficacy of medical devices.
Medical device manufacturers must comply with regulatory standards for materials testing to ensure that their products meet specific requirements for performance, safety, and quality. These standards may vary depending on the type of device, its intended use, and the country or region in which it will be marketed and sold.
Preprosthetic oral surgical procedures are dental surgeries performed to prepare the mouth for the placement of dental prostheses such as dentures. These procedures aim to create a smooth, stable, and suitable foundation in the mouth to support the prosthesis and ensure its proper functioning, retention, and comfort.
Common preprosthetic oral surgical procedures include:
1. Alveoloplasty: This procedure involves reshaping the alveolar ridge (the bony ridge that supports the teeth) to create a more uniform and even surface. It helps to eliminate any sharp or irregular bony edges that may interfere with the fit or comfort of the denture.
2. Gingivectomy/Gingivoplasty: These procedures involve removing or reshaping excess gum tissue to improve the fit and appearance of the dental prosthesis. A gingivectomy removes a portion of the gum tissue, while a gingivoplasty sculpts and reshapes the existing gum tissue.
3. Frenectomy: This procedure involves removing or repositioning the frenum, a small fold of tissue that connects the lips, cheeks, or tongue to the jawbone. A lingual frenectomy may be necessary when the frenum restricts tongue movement and interferes with proper denture placement or speech.
4. Maxillary tori reduction: This procedure involves removing or reducing the size of tori, which are bony growths found on the roof of the mouth (maxilla). Large tori can make it difficult to wear a denture, so their removal or reduction can improve the fit and comfort of the prosthesis.
5. Ridge augmentation: This procedure involves adding bone grafting material to the jaw ridge to increase its height, width, or volume. This is often done when there is significant bone loss due to tooth extraction, periodontal disease, or other factors, making it difficult to achieve a secure and comfortable denture fit.
6. Exostectomy: This procedure involves removing small, benign bony growths (exostoses) that may develop on the hard palate or along the jaw ridge. These growths can interfere with the fit and comfort of a denture, so their removal can improve the prosthesis' functionality.
These procedures are typically performed by oral surgeons, periodontists, or prosthodontists who specialize in dental implants, oral surgery, and complex restorative treatments. The specific treatment plan will depend on each patient's individual needs and preferences.
Bone resorption is the process by which bone tissue is broken down and absorbed into the body. It is a normal part of bone remodeling, in which old or damaged bone tissue is removed and new tissue is formed. However, excessive bone resorption can lead to conditions such as osteoporosis, in which bones become weak and fragile due to a loss of density. This process is carried out by cells called osteoclasts, which break down the bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the bloodstream.
The alveolar process is the curved part of the jawbone (mandible or maxilla) that contains sockets or hollow spaces (alveoli) for the teeth to be embedded. These processes are covered with a specialized mucous membrane called the gingiva, which forms a tight seal around the teeth to help protect the periodontal tissues and maintain oral health.
The alveolar process is composed of both compact and spongy bone tissue. The compact bone forms the outer layer, while the spongy bone is found inside the alveoli and provides support for the teeth. When a tooth is lost or extracted, the alveolar process begins to resorb over time due to the lack of mechanical stimulation from the tooth's chewing forces. This can lead to changes in the shape and size of the jawbone, which may require bone grafting procedures before dental implant placement.
Alveolar ridge augmentation is a surgical procedure in dentistry that aims to reconstruct or enhance the volume and shape of the alveolar ridge, which is the bony ridge that supports the dental arch and holds the teeth in place. This procedure is often performed in preparation for dental implant placement when the jawbone lacks sufficient width, height, or density to support the implant securely.
The alveolar ridge augmentation process typically involves several steps:
1. Assessment: The dentist or oral surgeon evaluates the patient's oral condition and takes dental images (such as X-rays or CBCT scans) to determine the extent of bone loss and plan the surgical procedure accordingly.
2. Grafting material selection: Depending on the specific needs of the patient, various grafting materials can be used, including autografts (patient's own bone), allografts (bone from a human donor), xenografts (bone from an animal source), or synthetic materials.
3. Surgical procedure: The oral surgeon exposes the deficient area of the alveolar ridge and carefully places the grafting material, ensuring proper contour and stabilization. In some cases, a barrier membrane may be used to protect the graft and promote healing.
4. Healing period: After the surgery, a healing period is required for the grafted bone to integrate with the existing jawbone. This process can take several months, depending on factors such as the size of the graft and the patient's overall health.
5. Implant placement: Once the alveolar ridge augmentation has healed and sufficient bone volume has been achieved, dental implants can be placed to support replacement teeth, such as crowns, bridges, or dentures.
Alveolar ridge augmentation is a valuable technique for restoring jawbone structure and function, enabling patients with significant bone loss to receive dental implants and enjoy improved oral health and aesthetics.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "nanocomposites" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is a term used in materials science and engineering to refer to a type of composite material where at least one of the phases has dimensions in the nanoscale (typically less than 100 nanometers). Nanocomposites can have unique properties that make them useful for various applications, including biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems or tissue engineering scaffolds. However, the term itself is not a medical definition.
Bone marrow is the spongy tissue found inside certain bones in the body, such as the hips, thighs, and vertebrae. It is responsible for producing blood-forming cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow, which is involved in blood cell production, and yellow marrow, which contains fatty tissue.
Red bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells, which can differentiate into various types of blood cells. These stem cells continuously divide and mature to produce new blood cells that are released into the circulation. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body, white blood cells help fight infections, and platelets play a crucial role in blood clotting.
Bone marrow also serves as a site for immune cell development and maturation. It contains various types of immune cells, such as lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, which help protect the body against infections and diseases.
Abnormalities in bone marrow function can lead to several medical conditions, including anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and various types of cancer, such as leukemia and multiple myeloma. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are common diagnostic procedures used to evaluate bone marrow health and function.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Polyesters" is not a medical term. It is a term used in materials science and textile industry to describe a type of synthetic fiber made from polymers characterized by the presence of ester groups in their main chain. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or concepts, I'd be happy to help with those instead!
Tissue scaffolds, also known as bioactive scaffolds or synthetic extracellular matrices, refer to three-dimensional structures that serve as templates for the growth and organization of cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. These scaffolds are designed to mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) found in biological tissues, providing a supportive environment for cell attachment, proliferation, differentiation, and migration.
Tissue scaffolds can be made from various materials, including naturally derived biopolymers (e.g., collagen, alginate, chitosan, hyaluronic acid), synthetic polymers (e.g., polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)), or a combination of both. The choice of material depends on the specific application and desired properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical strength, and porosity.
The primary functions of tissue scaffolds include:
1. Cell attachment: Providing surfaces for cells to adhere, spread, and form stable focal adhesions.
2. Mechanical support: Offering a structural framework that maintains the desired shape and mechanical properties of the engineered tissue.
3. Nutrient diffusion: Ensuring adequate transport of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the scaffold to support cell survival and function.
4. Guided tissue growth: Directing the organization and differentiation of cells through spatial cues and biochemical signals.
5. Biodegradation: Gradually degrading at a rate that matches tissue regeneration, allowing for the replacement of the scaffold with native ECM produced by the cells.
Tissue scaffolds have been used in various applications, such as wound healing, bone and cartilage repair, cardiovascular tissue engineering, and neural tissue regeneration. The design and fabrication of tissue scaffolds are critical aspects of tissue engineering, aiming to create functional substitutes for damaged or diseased tissues and organs.
Tooth extraction is a dental procedure in which a tooth that is damaged or poses a threat to oral health is removed from its socket in the jawbone. This may be necessary due to various reasons such as severe tooth decay, gum disease, fractured teeth, crowded teeth, or for orthodontic treatment purposes. The procedure is performed by a dentist or an oral surgeon, under local anesthesia to numb the area around the tooth, ensuring minimal discomfort during the extraction process.
Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure where two or more vertebrae in the spine are fused together to create a solid bone. The purpose of this procedure is to restrict movement between the fused vertebrae, which can help reduce pain and stabilize the spine. This is typically done using bone grafts or bone graft substitutes, along with hardware such as rods, screws, or cages to hold the vertebrae in place while they heal together. The procedure may be recommended for various spinal conditions, including degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, or fractures.
Bone neoplasms are abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the bone. They can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign bone neoplasms do not spread to other parts of the body and are rarely a threat to life, although they may cause problems if they grow large enough to press on surrounding tissues or cause fractures. Malignant bone neoplasms, on the other hand, can invade and destroy nearby tissue and may spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.
There are many different types of bone neoplasms, including:
1. Osteochondroma - a benign tumor that develops from cartilage and bone
2. Enchondroma - a benign tumor that forms in the cartilage that lines the inside of the bones
3. Chondrosarcoma - a malignant tumor that develops from cartilage
4. Osteosarcoma - a malignant tumor that develops from bone cells
5. Ewing sarcoma - a malignant tumor that develops in the bones or soft tissues around the bones
6. Giant cell tumor of bone - a benign or occasionally malignant tumor that develops from bone tissue
7. Fibrosarcoma - a malignant tumor that develops from fibrous tissue in the bone
The symptoms of bone neoplasms vary depending on the type, size, and location of the tumor. They may include pain, swelling, stiffness, fractures, or limited mobility. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the tumor but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments.
Bone marrow cells are the types of cells found within the bone marrow, which is the spongy tissue inside certain bones in the body. The main function of bone marrow is to produce blood cells. There are two types of bone marrow: red and yellow. Red bone marrow is where most blood cell production takes place, while yellow bone marrow serves as a fat storage site.
The three main types of bone marrow cells are:
1. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs): These are immature cells that can differentiate into any type of blood cell, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. They have the ability to self-renew, meaning they can divide and create more hematopoietic stem cells.
2. Red blood cell progenitors: These are immature cells that will develop into mature red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes. Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
3. Myeloid and lymphoid white blood cell progenitors: These are immature cells that will develop into various types of white blood cells, which play a crucial role in the body's immune system by fighting infections and diseases. Myeloid progenitors give rise to granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes, and megakaryocytes (which eventually become platelets). Lymphoid progenitors differentiate into B cells, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.
Bone marrow cells are essential for maintaining a healthy blood cell count and immune system function. Abnormalities in bone marrow cells can lead to various medical conditions, such as anemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, or thrombocytosis, depending on the specific type of blood cell affected. Additionally, bone marrow cells are often used in transplantation procedures to treat patients with certain types of cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma, or other hematologic disorders.
Tissue engineering is a branch of biomedical engineering that combines the principles of engineering, materials science, and biological sciences to develop functional substitutes for damaged or diseased tissues and organs. It involves the creation of living, three-dimensional structures that can restore, maintain, or improve tissue function. This is typically accomplished through the use of cells, scaffolds (biodegradable matrices), and biologically active molecules. The goal of tissue engineering is to develop biological substitutes that can ultimately restore normal function and structure in damaged tissues or organs.
Bone development, also known as ossification, is the process by which bone tissue is formed and grows. This complex process involves several different types of cells, including osteoblasts, which produce new bone matrix, and osteoclasts, which break down and resorb existing bone tissue.
There are two main types of bone development: intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Intramembranous ossification occurs when bone tissue forms directly from connective tissue, while endochondral ossification involves the formation of a cartilage model that is later replaced by bone.
During fetal development, most bones develop through endochondral ossification, starting as a cartilage template that is gradually replaced by bone tissue. However, some bones, such as those in the skull and clavicles, develop through intramembranous ossification.
Bone development continues after birth, with new bone tissue being laid down and existing tissue being remodeled throughout life. This ongoing process helps to maintain the strength and integrity of the skeleton, allowing it to adapt to changing mechanical forces and repair any damage that may occur.
The tibia, also known as the shin bone, is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg and part of the knee joint. It supports most of the body's weight and is a major insertion point for muscles that flex the foot and bend the leg. The tibia articulates with the femur at the knee joint and with the fibula and talus bone at the ankle joint. Injuries to the tibia, such as fractures, are common in sports and other activities that put stress on the lower leg.
Osteoblasts are specialized bone-forming cells that are derived from mesenchymal stem cells. They play a crucial role in the process of bone formation and remodeling. Osteoblasts synthesize, secrete, and mineralize the organic matrix of bones, which is mainly composed of type I collagen.
These cells have receptors for various hormones and growth factors that regulate their activity, such as parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and transforming growth factor-beta. When osteoblasts are not actively producing bone matrix, they can become trapped within the matrix they produce, where they differentiate into osteocytes, which are mature bone cells that play a role in maintaining bone structure and responding to mechanical stress.
Abnormalities in osteoblast function can lead to various bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Paget's disease of bone.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a type of electron microscopy that uses a focused beam of electrons to scan the surface of a sample and produce a high-resolution image. In SEM, a beam of electrons is scanned across the surface of a specimen, and secondary electrons are emitted from the sample due to interactions between the electrons and the atoms in the sample. These secondary electrons are then detected by a detector and used to create an image of the sample's surface topography. SEM can provide detailed images of the surface of a wide range of materials, including metals, polymers, ceramics, and biological samples. It is commonly used in materials science, biology, and electronics for the examination and analysis of surfaces at the micro- and nanoscale.
A tibial fracture is a medical term that refers to a break in the shin bone, which is called the tibia. The tibia is the larger of the two bones in the lower leg and is responsible for supporting much of your body weight. Tibial fractures can occur in various ways, such as from high-energy trauma like car accidents or falls, or from low-energy trauma in individuals with weakened bones due to osteoporosis or other medical conditions.
Tibial fractures can be classified into different types based on the location, pattern, and severity of the break. Some common types of tibial fractures include:
1. Transverse fracture: A straight break that goes across the bone.
2. Oblique fracture: A diagonal break that slopes across the bone.
3. Spiral fracture: A break that spirals around the bone, often caused by twisting or rotational forces.
4. Comminuted fracture: A break where the bone is shattered into multiple pieces.
5. Open fracture: A break in which the bone pierces through the skin, increasing the risk of infection.
6. Closed fracture: A break in which the bone does not pierce through the skin.
Tibial fractures can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, bruising, deformity, and difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected leg. Treatment for tibial fractures may include immobilization with a cast or brace, surgery to realign and stabilize the bone with plates, screws, or rods, and rehabilitation to restore strength, mobility, and function to the injured limb.
Blood substitutes, also known as artificial blood or blood surrogates, are fluids that are designed to mimic some of the properties and functions of human blood. They are used as a replacement for blood transfusions in situations where blood is not available or when it is not safe to use. Blood substitutes can be divided into two main categories: oxygen-carrying and non-oxygen-carrying.
Oxygen-carrying blood substitutes contain artificial molecules called hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) that are designed to carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues. These HBOCs can be derived from human or animal hemoglobin, or they can be synthetically produced.
Non-oxygen-carrying blood substitutes, on the other hand, do not contain hemoglobin and are used primarily to restore intravascular volume and maintain blood pressure in cases of hypovolemia (low blood volume) caused by bleeding or dehydration. These products include crystalloids, such as saline solution and lactated Ringer's solution, and colloids, such as albumin and hydroxyethyl starch solutions.
It is important to note that while blood substitutes can be useful in certain situations, they are not a perfect substitute for human blood. They do not provide all of the functions of blood, such as immune defense and clotting, and their use is associated with some risks, including allergic reactions, kidney damage, and increased oxygen free radical production. Therefore, they should only be used when there is no suitable alternative available.
Bone diseases is a broad term that refers to various medical conditions that affect the bones. These conditions can be categorized into several groups, including:
1. Developmental and congenital bone diseases: These are conditions that affect bone growth and development before or at birth. Examples include osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease), achondroplasia (dwarfism), and cleidocranial dysostosis.
2. Metabolic bone diseases: These are conditions that affect the body's ability to maintain healthy bones. They are often caused by hormonal imbalances, vitamin deficiencies, or problems with mineral metabolism. Examples include osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and Paget's disease of bone.
3. Inflammatory bone diseases: These are conditions that cause inflammation in the bones. They can be caused by infections, autoimmune disorders, or other medical conditions. Examples include osteomyelitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis.
4. Degenerative bone diseases: These are conditions that cause the bones to break down over time. They can be caused by aging, injury, or disease. Examples include osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis, and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH).
5. Tumors and cancers of the bone: These are conditions that involve abnormal growths in the bones. They can be benign or malignant. Examples include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma.
6. Fractures and injuries: While not strictly a "disease," fractures and injuries are common conditions that affect the bones. They can result from trauma, overuse, or weakened bones. Examples include stress fractures, compound fractures, and dislocations.
Overall, bone diseases can cause a wide range of symptoms, including pain, stiffness, deformity, and decreased mobility. Treatment for these conditions varies depending on the specific diagnosis but may include medication, surgery, physical therapy, or lifestyle changes.
A bioreactor is a device or system that supports and controls the conditions necessary for biological organisms, cells, or tissues to grow and perform their specific functions. It provides a controlled environment with appropriate temperature, pH, nutrients, and other factors required for the desired biological process to occur. Bioreactors are widely used in various fields such as biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and environmental science for applications like production of therapeutic proteins, vaccines, biofuels, enzymes, and wastewater treatment.
Bone matrix refers to the non-cellular component of bone that provides structural support and functions as a reservoir for minerals, such as calcium and phosphate. It is made up of organic and inorganic components. The organic component consists mainly of type I collagen fibers, which provide flexibility and tensile strength to the bone. The inorganic component is primarily composed of hydroxyapatite crystals, which give bone its hardness and compressive strength. Bone matrix also contains other proteins, growth factors, and signaling molecules that regulate bone formation, remodeling, and repair.
Artificial Skin is a synthetic substitute or equivalent that is used to replace, support, or enhance the function of damaged or absent skin. It can be made from various materials such as biopolymers, composites, or biosynthetic materials. The main purpose of artificial skin is to provide a temporary or permanent covering for wounds, burns, or ulcers that cannot be healed with conventional treatments. Additionally, it may serve as a platform for the delivery of medications or as a matrix for the growth of cells and tissues during skin grafting procedures. Artificial skin must possess properties such as biocompatibility, durability, flexibility, and permeability to air and water vapor in order to promote optimal healing and minimize scarring.
The lumbar vertebrae are the five largest and strongest vertebrae in the human spine, located in the lower back region. They are responsible for bearing most of the body's weight and providing stability during movement. The lumbar vertebrae have a characteristic shape, with a large body in the front, which serves as the main weight-bearing structure, and a bony ring in the back, formed by the pedicles, laminae, and processes. This ring encloses and protects the spinal cord and nerves. The lumbar vertebrae are numbered L1 to L5, starting from the uppermost one. They allow for flexion, extension, lateral bending, and rotation movements of the trunk.
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a medical procedure in which damaged or destroyed bone marrow is replaced with healthy bone marrow from a donor. Bone marrow is the spongy tissue inside bones that produces blood cells. The main types of BMT are autologous, allogeneic, and umbilical cord blood transplantation.
In autologous BMT, the patient's own bone marrow is used for the transplant. This type of BMT is often used in patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma who have undergone high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy to destroy their cancerous bone marrow.
In allogeneic BMT, bone marrow from a genetically matched donor is used for the transplant. This type of BMT is often used in patients with leukemia, lymphoma, or other blood disorders who have failed other treatments.
Umbilical cord blood transplantation involves using stem cells from umbilical cord blood as a source of healthy bone marrow. This type of BMT is often used in children and adults who do not have a matched donor for allogeneic BMT.
The process of BMT typically involves several steps, including harvesting the bone marrow or stem cells from the donor, conditioning the patient's body to receive the new bone marrow or stem cells, transplanting the new bone marrow or stem cells into the patient's body, and monitoring the patient for signs of engraftment and complications.
BMT is a complex and potentially risky procedure that requires careful planning, preparation, and follow-up care. However, it can be a life-saving treatment for many patients with blood disorders or cancer.
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that occurs after tissue injury, aiming to restore the integrity and functionality of the damaged tissue. It involves a series of overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling.
1. Hemostasis: This initial phase begins immediately after injury and involves the activation of the coagulation cascade to form a clot, which stabilizes the wound and prevents excessive blood loss.
2. Inflammation: Activated inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, infiltrate the wound site to eliminate pathogens, remove debris, and release growth factors that promote healing. This phase typically lasts for 2-5 days post-injury.
3. Proliferation: In this phase, various cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes, proliferate and migrate to the wound site to synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) components, form new blood vessels (angiogenesis), and re-epithelialize the wounded area. This phase can last up to several weeks depending on the size and severity of the wound.
4. Remodeling: The final phase of wound healing involves the maturation and realignment of collagen fibers, leading to the restoration of tensile strength in the healed tissue. This process can continue for months to years after injury, although the tissue may never fully regain its original structure and function.
It is important to note that wound healing can be compromised by several factors, including age, nutrition, comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, vascular disease), and infection, which can result in delayed healing or non-healing chronic wounds.
Mechanical stress, in the context of physiology and medicine, refers to any type of force that is applied to body tissues or organs, which can cause deformation or displacement of those structures. Mechanical stress can be either external, such as forces exerted on the body during physical activity or trauma, or internal, such as the pressure changes that occur within blood vessels or other hollow organs.
Mechanical stress can have a variety of effects on the body, depending on the type, duration, and magnitude of the force applied. For example, prolonged exposure to mechanical stress can lead to tissue damage, inflammation, and chronic pain. Additionally, abnormal or excessive mechanical stress can contribute to the development of various musculoskeletal disorders, such as tendinitis, osteoarthritis, and herniated discs.
In order to mitigate the negative effects of mechanical stress, the body has a number of adaptive responses that help to distribute forces more evenly across tissues and maintain structural integrity. These responses include changes in muscle tone, joint positioning, and connective tissue stiffness, as well as the remodeling of bone and other tissues over time. However, when these adaptive mechanisms are overwhelmed or impaired, mechanical stress can become a significant factor in the development of various pathological conditions.
Surface properties in the context of medical science refer to the characteristics and features of the outermost layer or surface of a biological material or structure, such as cells, tissues, organs, or medical devices. These properties can include physical attributes like roughness, smoothness, hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity, and electrical conductivity, as well as chemical properties like charge, reactivity, and composition.
In the field of biomaterials science, understanding surface properties is crucial for designing medical implants, devices, and drug delivery systems that can interact safely and effectively with biological tissues and fluids. Surface modifications, such as coatings or chemical treatments, can be used to alter surface properties and enhance biocompatibility, improve lubricity, reduce fouling, or promote specific cellular responses like adhesion, proliferation, or differentiation.
Similarly, in the field of cell biology, understanding surface properties is essential for studying cell-cell interactions, cell signaling, and cell behavior. Cells can sense and respond to changes in their environment, including variations in surface properties, which can influence cell shape, motility, and function. Therefore, characterizing and manipulating surface properties can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of cellular processes and offer new strategies for developing therapies and treatments for various diseases.
Metabolic bone diseases are a group of conditions that affect the bones and are caused by disorders in the body's metabolism. These disorders can result in changes to the bone structure, density, and strength, leading to an increased risk of fractures and other complications. Some common examples of metabolic bone diseases include:
1. Osteoporosis: a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones that are more likely to break, often as a result of age-related bone loss or hormonal changes.
2. Paget's disease of bone: a chronic disorder that causes abnormal bone growth and deformities, leading to fragile and enlarged bones.
3. Osteomalacia: a condition caused by a lack of vitamin D or problems with the body's ability to absorb it, resulting in weak and soft bones.
4. Hyperparathyroidism: a hormonal disorder that causes too much parathyroid hormone to be produced, leading to bone loss and other complications.
5. Hypoparathyroidism: a hormonal disorder that results in low levels of parathyroid hormone, causing weak and brittle bones.
6. Renal osteodystrophy: a group of bone disorders that occur as a result of chronic kidney disease, including osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and high turnover bone disease.
Treatment for metabolic bone diseases may include medications to improve bone density and strength, dietary changes, exercise, and lifestyle modifications. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct bone deformities or fractures.
A bone fracture is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of a bone due to external or internal forces. Fractures can occur in any bone in the body and can vary in severity from a small crack to a shattered bone. The symptoms of a bone fracture typically include pain, swelling, bruising, deformity, and difficulty moving the affected limb. Treatment for a bone fracture may involve immobilization with a cast or splint, surgery to realign and stabilize the bone, or medication to manage pain and prevent infection. The specific treatment approach will depend on the location, type, and severity of the fracture.
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are a group of growth factors that play crucial roles in the development, growth, and repair of bones and other tissues. They belong to the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily and were first discovered when researchers found that certain proteins extracted from demineralized bone matrix had the ability to induce new bone formation.
BMPs stimulate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, which are the cells responsible for bone formation. They also promote the recruitment and proliferation of these cells, enhancing the overall process of bone regeneration. In addition to their role in bone biology, BMPs have been implicated in various other biological processes, including embryonic development, wound healing, and the regulation of fat metabolism.
There are several types of BMPs (BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-7, etc.) that exhibit distinct functions and expression patterns. Due to their ability to stimulate bone formation, recombinant human BMPs have been used in clinical applications, such as spinal fusion surgery and non-healing fracture treatment. However, the use of BMPs in medicine has been associated with certain risks and complications, including uncontrolled bone growth, inflammation, and cancer development, which necessitates further research to optimize their therapeutic potential.
I believe there may be some confusion in your question. "Rabbits" is a common name used to refer to the Lagomorpha species, particularly members of the family Leporidae. They are small mammals known for their long ears, strong legs, and quick reproduction.
However, if you're referring to "rabbits" in a medical context, there is a term called "rabbit syndrome," which is a rare movement disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements of the fingers, resembling those of a rabbit chewing. It is also known as "finger-chewing chorea." This condition is usually associated with certain medications, particularly antipsychotics, and typically resolves when the medication is stopped or adjusted.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) is a growth factor that belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily. It plays a crucial role in bone and cartilage formation, as well as in the regulation of wound healing and embryonic development. BMP-2 stimulates the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, which are cells responsible for bone formation.
BMP-2 has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a medical device to promote bone growth in certain spinal fusion surgeries and in the treatment of open fractures that have not healed properly. It is usually administered in the form of a collagen sponge soaked with recombinant human BMP-2 protein, which is a laboratory-produced version of the natural protein.
While BMP-2 has shown promising results in some clinical applications, its use is not without risks and controversies. Some studies have reported adverse effects such as inflammation, ectopic bone formation, and increased rates of cancer, which have raised concerns about its safety and efficacy. Therefore, it is essential to weigh the benefits and risks of BMP-2 therapy on a case-by-case basis and under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.
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Bone Substitutes from Eggshells Produced
Bone Grafts and Substitutes Market to See a Boost BY 2025 | Medgadget
Dental Bone Graft Substitutes Market Size | Industry Report, 2020-2030
what type of screws may be used + best natural bone graft substitutes
What pork cut would you substitute for bone-in beef short ribs? - Cooking slowcooker substitutions | Ask MetaFilter
Durham firm touts new bone graft substitute as offering boost to healing | WRAL TechWire
Rise in Dental Implant Procedures to Boost Demand for Dental Membrane and Bone Graft Substitutes - Fact.MR Survey - PharmiWeb...
BBS-Bioactive Bone Substitutes' economic calendar and Annual Basic Assembly in 2021 - floschi
Bone Substitutes - McMaster Experts
"Bioactivating a bone substitute accelerates graft incorporation in a m" by Jinlong Chen, Xue Yuan et al.
Xenogenic bone substitutes - Bone Substitutes - Regeneratives
Bone Graft Substitutes Market CAGR% - Bee Tibune
Global Synthetic Bone Graft Substitutes Market Archives - Posting Sea
Injectable macromolecule-based calcium phosphate bone substitutes - Cluster MAD4AM
Medtech Insights, Bone Graft Substitutes Market Insights Global Report
Pros and cons of 5 bone graft substitutes - Comparing alternatives
Elephants welcome development of new ivory substitute - Materials Today
ALTAPORE Bioactive Bone Graft Substitute | Baxter Healthcare
ZV Graft β-TCP (Bone Graft Substitute) - Zavation
Bone Graft and Substitute Market: Potholed Product Landscape
Bone Grafts Substitutes Market value of around USD 3.5 million by 2030
Worldwide Dental Bone Graft Substitutes Market â€" Growth, Drivers and Current Market Dynamics
Vancomycin elution from a biphasic ceramic bone substitute | Bone & Joint
Innovative properties - FlexiOss® - Bone substitute biomaterial of a new generation
Raman Spectra of Model Bone: Substituted Hydroxyapatites<...
Top 8 Beef Bouillon Substitutes - The Trellis
FDA Browser - Cleared 510(K) - The Graft Bone Substitute (K191737)
Evaluation of strontium containing hydroxyapatite as bone substitute in sheep's tibia
Bone Grafts and Substitutes Market Emerging Technologies, Business Trends, Analysis by Key Players and Forecast
The Outcome of Bone Substitute Wedges in Medial Opening High Tibial Osteotomy
Biomaterials6
- The exceptional properties of FlexiOss® mentioned above result from its unique composition (hydrogel-like carbohydrate polymer and highly microporous hydroxyapatite ceramics) which does not appear in other bone-substituting biomaterials, neither commercial nor experimental ones. (flexioss.pl)
- Areas of bone formation were detected in close contact with biomaterials. (bvsalud.org)
- The company develops, produces and distributes implants for artificial joint replacement in the areas of hip, knee and shoulder as well as biomaterials for surgical treatment of bone defects (bone grafting) With an innovative implant for ACL healing, the family company also gained ground in the area of sport orthopaedics at the beginning of 2013. (wikipedia.org)
- Novel bone substitute biomaterials should have a property not only to support cellular attachment on the material surfaces but also activate cellular function of osteoblasts that promote regeneration of bone tissue. (tohoku.ac.jp)
- The CSDs not filled with biomaterials demonstrated lower bone formation in the CCP group. (bvsalud.org)
- Bone grafts and biomaterials substitutes for bone defect repair: A review. (scielo.br)
Grafts and Substitutes Market6
- The report also profiles key players involved in the global Bone Grafts and Substitutes Market , such as Arthrex, Inc., Baxter International Inc., Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation, Johnson & Johnson (DePuy Synthes), Medtronic Plc. (medgadget.com)
- The report states that the global Bone Grafts And Substitutes Market generated $2,690 million in 2017 and is projected to attain $3,912 million by 2025, growing at a CAGR of 4.8% during the forecast period, 2018-2025. (medgadget.com)
- The report segments the global bone grafts and substitutes market by type, application, and geography. (medgadget.com)
- Bone Grafts and Substitutes Market report comprises of several parameters which are thoroughly studied by the experts. (elovebook.com)
- With the top notch Bone Grafts and Substitutes Market report, it can also be analysed that how the actions of key players are affecting the sales, import, export, revenue and CAGR values. (elovebook.com)
- Bone grafts and substitutes market is expected to gain market growth in the forecast period of 2021 to 2028. (elovebook.com)
Calcium phosphate6
- In modern medicine, damaged and missing bones are replaced with bone from either patient or donor or using artificial materials containing calcium, such as Plaster of Paris, and more recently, phosphate compounds like hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate. (medindia.net)
- The interconnected and open porous structure of the silicate-substituted calcium phosphate phase of ALTAPORE is similar to human cancellous bone and is designed to promote enhanced bone growth. (baxter.com)
- A CSD (5 mm Ø) was made in the calvaria of each animal , which was allocated to one of 3 subgroups, according to the biomaterial used to fill the defect coagulum ( COA ), deproteinized bovine bone (DBB), or biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics of hydroxyapatite and ß- phosphate tricalcium (HA/TCP). (bvsalud.org)
- Ceramics: Synthetic ceramics, such as calcium phosphate-based materials (hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate), closely resemble the mineral component of natural bone. (credenceturbine.com)
- The aim of this study was to evaluate if a synthetic fully resorbable tri-calcium phosphate-based substitute can provide adequate mechanical stability when employed to restore severe, contained defects, in comparison with morselized bone graft. (unime.it)
- Five cadaveric pelvises were adopted, one side was reconstructed with morselized bone graft and the other with the synthetic substitute, consisting of dense calcium phosphate granules within a collagen matrix. (unime.it)
Making bone graft substitutes1
- Older individuals often have compromised bone healing capabilities, making bone graft substitutes an essential component of their treatment and recovery. (kikyus.net)
Hydroxyapatite3
- An injectable ceramic bone substitute, with hydroxyapatite in a calcium sulphate matrix, containing 66 mg of vancomycin per millilitre, was inserted to augment the fixation. (boneandjoint.org.uk)
- Biphasic formulations associating the very bioactive β-Tricalcium Phosphate and the stable Hydroxyapatite that allows resorption at the right pace which leads in the creation of a new strong and qualitative bone. (primedentalsupply.com)
- Incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) in a collagen scaffold dramatically improves bone morphogenic protein (BMP) sequestration via biophysical interactions with BMP, thereby providing more controlled BMP release compared with pristine collagen. (lu.se)
20231
- The Global Synthetic Dental Bone Graft Substitute market is anticipated to rise at a considerable rate during the forecast period, between 2023 To 2030. (marketreportsinsights.com)
Tissue23
- However, cell-based matrices (CBM) segment is expected to grow at the highest rate, a CAGR of 6.1%, during the forecast period, as these materials serve as a cell-based bone grafts substitutes that use cells to generate tissue alone or in combination with support matrix. (medgadget.com)
- This can happen, for example, after removal of tumors or infected bone tissue. (bonalive.com)
- The bone graft substitutes market refers to the market for products used to replace or augment bone tissue in patients who require bone graft procedures. (kikyus.net)
- Traditionally, bone grafts involved the transplantation of autografts (bone tissue taken from the patient's own body), allografts (bone tissue sourced from a human donor), or xenografts (bone tissue sourced from animals). (kikyus.net)
- These advancements include the introduction of bioactive materials, tissue engineering techniques, and the incorporation of growth factors and stem cells into graft substitutes. (kikyus.net)
- Rapid technological advancements in the area of tissue & synthetically engineered bone grafting are anticipated to propel the market growth during the forecast period. (decisiondatabases.com)
- High specific surface area (due to the high microporosity of granules), high ionic reactivity (adsorption of calcium and phosphate ions from surroundings liquid which allows to increase the rate of mineralization within the implantation site and increase the rate of new bone tissue formation). (flexioss.pl)
- This simplifies the nutrient supply to the biomaterial within the implantation site and removal of metabolic degradation products, thus increasing the rate of bone tissue regeneration. (flexioss.pl)
- ICD-10-PCS code 0PUQ07Z for Supplement Left Metacarpal with Autologous Tissue Substitute, Open Approach is a medical classification as listed by CMS under Upper Bones range. (aapc.com)
- Four weeks after the operation, part of each implant was already resorbed and the resorbed area was replaced by newly formed bone tissue and bone marrow. (elsevierpure.com)
- At 12 weeks after the operation, residual globular-shaped β-TCP granules composed of rod-shaped particles were resorbed into compact petrotic bone tissue almost completely. (elsevierpure.com)
- The formation of less compact petrotic bone tissue was observed in specimens implanted with globular-shaped β-TCP granules composed of conventional non-rod-shaped particles. (elsevierpure.com)
- Commercially available β-TCP granules composed of conventional non-rod-shaped particles were mostly resorbed into trabecular bone and the formation of compact petrotic bone tissue was rarely observed. (elsevierpure.com)
- At 15 days, less bone formation was observed in the CSDs filled with DBB, a smaller volume of mineralized tissue was observed in the CSDs filled with HA/TCP, and the expression levels of BMP2 and osteocalcin were lower in the CCP group compared to the CTR group. (bvsalud.org)
- They provide a scaffold for new bone growth and are gradually replaced by the patient's own bone tissue. (credenceturbine.com)
- These materials eventually degrade, leaving behind new bone tissue. (credenceturbine.com)
- Due to the limited availability of bone tissue, synthetic substitutes are also used. (unime.it)
- Tamaddon M, Samizadeh S, Wang L, Blunn G, Liu C. Intrinsic Osteoinductivity of Porous Titanium Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering. (scielo.br)
- are used to develop new bone substitutes that restore, improve or prevent the deterioration of compromised tissue function [ 8 8. (scielo.br)
- Bruises can occur in bones as well as soft tissue. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Bone bruise pain lasts longer than pain from a soft tissue injury. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- After eight weeks of healing, the animals were euthanized and the bone tissue was analyzed using histology and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). (dpapavasileiou.gr)
- Presence and volume of loose connective tissue and newly formed bone tissue were analyzed, as well as the presence or absence of remaining material (β-TCP) into the defect. (bvsalud.org)
Regeneration7
- Bone graft substitutes play a vital role in the treatment and management of these disorders, as they facilitate bone healing and regeneration. (kikyus.net)
- They are often used in procedures where the goal is to facilitate bone regeneration without leaving a permanent implant. (credenceturbine.com)
- Growth Factors: Some synthetic bone graft substitutes are combined with growth factors to enhance bone regeneration by stimulating the body's natural healing processes. (credenceturbine.com)
- Most bone defects such as fractures have the capacity for spontaneous regeneration, which leads to treatment by conventional therapies. (scielo.br)
- The autologous graft is still considered the gold standard, as it has the necessary properties for bone regeneration, in terms of combined osteoconduction, osteoinduction and osteogenesis [ 5 5. (scielo.br)
- Defects treated with β-TCP/CS showed the greatest bone regeneration and graft resorption, although differences between groups were not statistically significant. (dpapavasileiou.gr)
- Further evaluation of the molecular mechanisms responsible for this increased osteoinductivity at an early stage in the regeneration process indicated that the CHA+BMP-2/7 enhanced progenitor cell homing at the implantation site, upregulated the key transcriptomic determinants of bone formation, and increased the production of bone extracellular matrix components. (lu.se)
Marrow11
- You'll also get some of that marrow in the middle of the bone to help thicken the sauce. (metafilter.com)
- The product is combined with bone marrow from the patient and then packed into the area that needs to be repaired. (wraltechwire.com)
- The precise handling characteristics of ALTAPORE allow the product to be molded into multiple shapes to adapt to various surgical needs when using as standalone, with autograft, or bone marrow aspirate. (baxter.com)
- ALTAPORE is an implant intended to fill bony voids or gaps of the skeletal system (i.e., extremities, pelvis and posterolateral spine) and can be used by itself, with autograft as a bone graft extender or with autogenous bone marrow aspirate. (baxter.com)
- In 1988, a study of ten people with debilitating pain in the hips and knees discovered a condition that the researchers called bone marrow edema . (medicalnewstoday.com)
- People with hip and knee pain were found to have altered bone marrow density on a magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) scan that was not visible when examined by X-ray. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Bone marrow edema is now usually referred to as "bone bruise" to reflect the traumatic nature of the condition. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Bone marrow from the posterior superior iliac crest was examined. (cdc.gov)
- Aspirates and cytogenic evaluation of cultured cells of bone marrow were all normal. (cdc.gov)
- The test may be performed by mixing the patient's plasma, serum, or serous effusions as a source of LE factor with bone marrow from a donor subject. (medscape.com)
- LE cells were observed in the bone marrow of patients with lupus. (medscape.com)
Beta-tricalcium phosphate2
- Zavation β-TCP Bone Graft Substitute is microporous and macroporous composed of beta-tricalcium phosphate. (zavation.com)
- Bioactive alloplastic materials, like beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and calcium sulfate (CS), have been extensively researched and are currently used in orthopedic and dental bone regenerative procedures. (dpapavasileiou.gr)
Minimally4
- Increased use of bone graft substitutes facilitates minimally invasive surgeries and short surgical procedures. (medgadget.com)
- Injectable bone substitutes (IBS) represent compelling options for bone regenerative medicine as they can be used to optimally fill a complex bone defect through minimally invasive intervention. (mad4am.fr)
- ALTAPORE MIS System is designed to assist surgeons who want a simple, ready-to-use bone grafting system for open and minimally invasive procedures. (baxter.com)
- The demand for bone graft substitutes is driven by the need for minimally invasive treatment options. (kikyus.net)
Having calcium1
- Sushruta Samhita, an ancient Sanskrit text on medicine and surgery, describes 'Asthipoorana' or bone grafting in which materials having calcium were combined with the latex of the banyan tree to form bone substitutes. (medindia.net)
20222
- Insight On Synthetic Bone Graft Substitutes Market: Share, Size, Insights 2022. (postingsea.com)
- According to the Market Statsville Group (MSG), the global bone grafts & substitutes market was valued at USD 2.5 billion in 2021 and is projected to reach USD 3.5 million by 2030, registering a CAGR of 4.3% from 2022 to 2030. (kikyus.net)
Allograft6
- The development of biocompatible synthetic bone grafts and a shift from autograft to the allograft, owing to rapid technological advancement, have increased the demand for bone grafts and substitutes worldwide. (medgadget.com)
- Based on the type, the report categorizes the market into allograft, bone graft substitutes, and cell-based matrices. (medgadget.com)
- Over the years, advancements in technology and biomaterial science have facilitated several bone graft types from different sources, such as synthetic materials (alloplastic graft), human cadavers (allograft), and animals (xenograft). (inkwoodresearch.com)
- This global dental bone graft substitutes market has been segmented based on types into the synthetic bone graft, allograft, xenograft and demineralized allograft. (decisiondatabases.com)
- Autograft and allograft have both been associated with complications and the use of bone substitute wedges has been advocated to improve the outcome. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
- SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Ever since the introduction of allograft as a substitute for autologous bone in spinal surgery, a sea of literature has surfaced, evaluating both established and newly emerging fusion alternatives. (spinaldisccenter.com)
Osteoconductive2
- The 'diamond concept' is a framework describing 4 integral factors of bone healing: osteoconductive scaffolds, growth factors, mechanical environment, and osteogenic cells. (bonalive.com)
- Cyclosporine A impairs bone repair in critical defects filled with different osteoconductive bone substitutes. (bvsalud.org)
Commercialization of bone2
- Regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA), provide guidelines for the approval and commercialization of bone graft substitutes. (kikyus.net)
- Despite the glimmer of hope provided by the discovery and commercialization of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) as a bone graft substitute, side effects related to the use of supraphysiological doses have hindered its clinical usage. (lu.se)
Natural bone2
- It has refined the material's properties and made it more compatible with natural bone. (medindia.net)
- Will gradually generate new natural bone. (primedentalsupply.com)
Resorption2
- Strontium ions are known to reduce bone resorption, induce osteoblastic activity and thus stimulate bone formation. (bvsalud.org)
- Serum bone alkaline phosphatase is a marker of bone formation and urinary N-telopeptides are markers of bone resorption. (cdc.gov)
Implant4
- A process by which bone implant materials can be synthesized from waste eggshells has been developed by researchers of Indian Institute of Technology (NIT) Hyderabad and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar. (medindia.net)
- Although bone grafting is a large-scale practice in dentistry, implant failure due to loosened or poor fixation of implanted grafts is a common complication. (inkwoodresearch.com)
- It also helps in increasing the bone-density needed for supporting the dental implant.Furthermore, increasing consumer inclination towards cosmetic dentistry along with rising number of dental bone grafting procedures will open new avenues for the market growth in the near future. (decisiondatabases.com)
- Bone/implant motions were measured through Digital Image Correlation and were expressed in terms of permanent and inducible translations and rotations. (unime.it)
20211
- A recent study by Fact.MR on the dental membrane and bone graft substitutes market offers a 10-year forecast for 2021 to 2031. (pharmiweb.com)
Porous2
- Porous structure supports new bone growth. (zavation.com)
- Polymers: Biodegradable synthetic polymers, like polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid (PGA), are used to create porous scaffolds that promote bone cell attachment and growth. (credenceturbine.com)
Reconstruction4
- However, the joint reconstruction segment is projected to grow at the fastest rate during the forecast period, registering a CAGR of 6.2%, due to an upsurge in incidences of bone and joint disorders. (medgadget.com)
- Bones grafts are implantable materials are largely during a medical process to help in bone formation, bone healing and also osseous reconstruction. (elovebook.com)
- Revision surgery aims to repair such defects before implantation by means of reconstruction materials, whose morselized bone graft represents the gold standard. (unime.it)
- The reconstruction types exhibited a similar behavior, consisting of an initial settling trend followed by failure as bone fracture (i.e., no failure of the reconstruction material). (unime.it)
Orthopedic4
- Orthopedic and trauma surgeons are regularly confronted with situations where an empty cavity remains in the patient's bone. (bonalive.com)
- ALTAPORE bioactive bone graft substitute enables surgeons to think creatively while providing the enhanced porosity and adaptability that today's challenging orthopedic surgeries require. (baxter.com)
- Bone grafts are commonly used in orthopedic and dental surgeries to promote bone healing, fill bone defects, and provide structural support. (kikyus.net)
- Bone grafting is a common procedure used to repair bone defects, promote bone growth, and facilitate the healing process in cases of fractures, bone loss, spinal fusion surgeries, and orthopedic treatments. (credenceturbine.com)
Xenografts1
- However, in cases of large defects, fractures with loss of segment and resection of tumors, the use of grafts (autografts, allografts and xenografts) or bone substitutes may be indicated to contribute to healing [ 1 1. (scielo.br)
Dental bone14
- Where is the Dental Bone Graft Substitutes market heading? (visiongain.com)
- Much opportunity remains in this growing Dental Bone Graft Substitutes Market. (visiongain.com)
- The report also includes profiles and for some of the leading companies in the Dental Bone Graft Substitutes Market, with a focus on this segment of these companies' operations. (visiongain.com)
- Overall world revenue for Dental Bone Graft Substitutes Market will surpass $xyz million in 2020, our work calculates. (visiongain.com)
- Revenue forecasts to 2030 for 5 regional and 17 key national markets - See forecasts for the Dental Bone Graft Substitutes market in North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and MEA. (visiongain.com)
- The rising geriatric population base, increasing purchasing power in the emerging economies and growing incidences of periodontal diseases & dental fracture are the major growth drivers, which are expected to boost global Dental Bone Graft Substitutes market demand over the coming years. (decisiondatabases.com)
- The latest report on " Global Dental Bone Graft Substitutes Market Research Report- Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast " added by DecisionDatabases.com provides a complete market outlook to those seeking an in-depth market knowledge. (decisiondatabases.com)
- Dental bone graft substitution is a medical procedure for substituting missing tooth, surgically. (decisiondatabases.com)
- Asia-Pacific is a fastest growing market for dental bone graft substitutes and is expected to grow at a significant rate under the study period on account of rising disposable income of the consumers, increasing awareness about cosmetics dentistry and increasing prevalence of dental disorders especially in the aging population in the region. (decisiondatabases.com)
- The extensive documentation of the Synthetic Dental Bone Graft Substitute industry gives access to all the factors expected to influence the growth prospect of the business worldwide. (marketreportsinsights.com)
- The industry experts have left no stone unturned to identify the major factors influencing the development rate of the Synthetic Dental Bone Graft Substitute industry including various opportunities and gaps. (marketreportsinsights.com)
- When studying the micro markets the researchers also dig deep into their future prospect and contribution to the Synthetic Dental Bone Graft Substitute industry. (marketreportsinsights.com)
- The report not only offers hard to find facts about the trends and innovation driving the current and future of Synthetic Dental Bone Graft Substitute business, but also provides insights into competitive development such as acquisition and mergers, joint ventures, product launches and technology advancements. (marketreportsinsights.com)
- The Synthetic Dental Bone Graft Substitute market is segmented on the basis of Types, Applications, Key Companies, Regions & Countries. (marketreportsinsights.com)
Fractures1
- Bone grafting is a surgical process which used to operate sternly complicated bone fractures. (elovebook.com)
Allografts2
- All clinical studies reporting radiological and/or patient outcomes following the use of bone substitutes were reviewed under the broad categories of Allografts, Demineralized Bone Matrices (DBM), Ceramics, Bone Morphogenic proteins (BMPs), Autologous growth factors (AGFs), Stem cell products and Synthetic Peptides. (spinaldisccenter.com)
- Ceramics (40 studies) and Allografts (39 studies) were the other two highly published groups of bone substitutes. (spinaldisccenter.com)
Surgeries2
- However, astronomical cost of surgeries along with ethical issues related to bone grafting procedures impede market growth. (medgadget.com)
- Bone graft substitutes offer an alternative that eliminates the need for additional surgeries and potential complications associated with autograft harvest. (kikyus.net)
Defects filled2
- The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of PBM therapy on critical size defects filled with xenogenic bone substitute associated with fibrin biopolymer. (scielo.br)
- Objective: The present study aims to develop a histological descriptive analysis on the repair of bone defects filled with β-TCP, associated to pure titanium implants into cavities prepared in the calvarial bone of rats. (bvsalud.org)
CAGR1
- According to Fact MR's recent market research, sales of Dental Membrane and Bone Graft Substitutes to swell at propelled CAGR through 2031, as investment towards expansion of healthcare infrastructure continues rising. (pharmiweb.com)
Collagen2
- Collagen gel/TTCP/MCPM/ and growth factor materials are mixed in the cavity and then combined with innovative instruments to fill the bone defect directly. (ad-c.org)
- PBM therapy allowed an improvement in the formation of new bone, with a more organized deposition of collagen fibers in the defect area. (scielo.br)
Bioactive Bone Graft4
- The global orthobiologics company plans to launch its SIGNAFUSE Bioactive Bone Graft in a new strip format in the next few months. (wraltechwire.com)
- SIGNAFUSE Bioactive Bone Graft is intended for use in bony empty spaces or gaps in the skeletal system that aren't required for bone stability. (wraltechwire.com)
- We are excited to expand our portfolio of bone graft solutions with the SIGNAFUSE Bioactive Bone Graft strip," said Megan Osorio, Bioventus' marketing vice president. (wraltechwire.com)
- The system combines extended reach, controlled delivery and precise bone graft placement in a specially designed applicator with ALTAPORE Bioactive Bone Graft Substitute. (baxter.com)
Autologous bone grafts1
- OBJECTIVE: Compared to autologous bone grafts, allogeneic bone grafts integrate slowly, which can adversely affect clinical outcomes. (jefferson.edu)
Injectable1
- This is the first long-term pharmacokinetic study that reports vancomycin release from a biphasic injectable ceramic bone substitute. (boneandjoint.org.uk)
Trends2
- The study identifies crucial trends that are determining the growth of Dental Membrane and Bone Graft Substitutes market. (pharmiweb.com)
- Synthetic Bone Graft Substitutes Market exhibits varying trends and dynamics across different regions globally. (credenceturbine.com)
Alloplastic bone3
- Whereas autologous bone graft from intraoral donor site and alloplastic bone graft received the lowest rejection rates, at 24.5% and 6.3%, respectively. (inkwoodresearch.com)
- For alloplastic bone graft and xenograft, the country of origin was the major predictor for rejection. (inkwoodresearch.com)
- In conclusion, the novel β-TCP/CS grafting material performed well as a bioactive and biomimetic alloplastic bone substitute when used in cranial defects in this animal model. (dpapavasileiou.gr)
Membrane6
- Besides this, Dental Membrane and Bone Graft Substitutes market will continue gaining from increasing willingness among patients and families to spend on advanced healthcare. (pharmiweb.com)
- Adoption of care model innovation in healthcare will have a profound impact on the Dental Membrane and Bone Graft Substitutes market. (pharmiweb.com)
- The report offers actionable and valuable market insights of Dental Membrane and Bone Graft Substitutes. (pharmiweb.com)
- The report also includes information on the sales and demand of Dental Membrane and Bone Graft Substitutes Market across various industries and regions. (pharmiweb.com)
- This report explicates recent market developments, strategic market growth analysis, market size, category market growths, product approvals, product launches, geographical expansions, and technological innovations associated with dental membrane and bone graft substitutes market. (pharmiweb.com)
- The study also provides the dynamics responsible for influencing the future status of the dental membrane and bone graft substitutes market over the forecast period. (pharmiweb.com)
Synthetic Bone Substitute1
- 80/20 Synthetic Bone Substitute 0.5cc Syringe is ideal osteogenic matrix: designed through a special manufacturing process. (primedentalsupply.com)
Growth7
- First, he notes the typically increasing financial circumstances next, he points out company earnings growth third, are the traditionally small fascination rates, as the Fed sticks to its in close proximity to-zero rate coverage and ultimately, there is TINA, or 'there is no substitute. (floschi.info)
- New bone growth occurs, and damaged bone is repaired or removed. (bonalive.com)
- With enhanced micro and macro porosity and silicon content shown to be optimal for bone formation, ALTAPORE is designed to promote early vascularization, increase cellular activity, and enhance bone growth as demonstrated in pre-clinical and in-vitro studies. (baxter.com)
- The bone graft substitutes market is driven by various dynamics that shape its growth and development. (kikyus.net)
- These technologies have improved the efficacy and safety of bone graft substitutes, thereby driving market growth. (kikyus.net)
- The synthetic bone graft is a leading segment by type and is expected to witness a double-digit growth over the forecast period on account of growing demand for this technique due to its various advantages such as sterility, availability, reduced morbidity, longer shelf life and risk-free recovery. (decisiondatabases.com)
- Thus, the biomaterial may resemble (in its properties) very expensive bone-substitutes containing BMP-2-type growth factors. (flexioss.pl)
Advancements3
- The segment is expected to dominate the global market through 2025, owing to advancements in bone graft materials and the development of innovative products. (medgadget.com)
- However, advancements in medical technology have led to the development of synthetic bone graft substitutes. (kikyus.net)
- Technological Advancements: The field of bone graft substitutes has witnessed significant technological advancements, leading to the development of innovative products. (kikyus.net)
Surgical2
- Surgical handiness allows to fit the composite during the operation to the shape of individual bone defects by cutting or bending. (flexioss.pl)
- It can be used clinically for all types of bone defects, eliminating the tedious surgical procedures and the psychological stress of the medical staff. (ad-c.org)
Types of bone2
- What are the pros and cons of different types of bone graft substitutes? (bonalive.com)
- Jumping or impact from running on hard surfaces can cause all three types of bone bruise. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Market8
- Spinal fusion accounted for the major share of the total market in 2016, as bone grafts and their substitutes are widely used in the spine fusion procedures worldwide. (medgadget.com)
- Regulatory Environment: The bone graft substitutes market is subject to regulatory oversight to ensure patient safety and product efficacy. (kikyus.net)
- Cost Considerations: The cost-effectiveness of bone graft substitutes is a significant factor influencing market dynamics. (kikyus.net)
- Competitive Landscape: The bone graft substitutes market is highly competitive, with numerous manufacturers and suppliers vying for market share. (kikyus.net)
- Introduction and encouragement of the usage of modern bone graft substitution techniques by numerous insurance providers particularly, in the U.S and Europe will have a positive impact on the market demand. (decisiondatabases.com)
- Synthetic Bone Graft Substitutes Market pertains to the medical industry's focus on developing and supplying synthetic materials that can serve as substitutes for traditional bone grafts in various medical procedures. (credenceturbine.com)
- North America has a mature healthcare infrastructure and is a key market for synthetic bone graft substitutes. (credenceturbine.com)
- Europe is another significant market for synthetic bone graft substitutes. (credenceturbine.com)
Cartilage and unde1
- Either a compressive force that crushes the cells and separates the cartilage and underlying bone, or a rotational twisting force triggers subchondral lesions. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Biphasic1
- Stravinskas M, Nilsson M, Vitkauskiene A, Tarasevicius S, Lidgren L. Vancomycin elution from a biphasic ceramic bone substitute. (boneandjoint.org.uk)
Fracture5
- Starting 1960, the first products for bone fracture treatment were merchandised after the guidelines of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (English: Association for the Study of Internal Fixation, AO/ASIF) under the name Synthes. (wikipedia.org)
- Fracture healing and bone repair. (scielo.br)
- Fracture: There may be a small fracture in the layer of bone just below the joint cartilage. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- A complete fracture of a bone means that all of the bone trabeculae in that particular area of the bone are damaged, which causes a break. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- A bone bruise is often the stage before a fracture. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Stimulating new bone formation1
- By stimulating new bone formation through osteostimulation*, Bonalive® S53P4 bioactive glass induces a high but balanced local bone turnover. (bonalive.com)
20163
- An increase in the prevalence of bone and joint disorders have garnered the bone graft substitutes segment to generate maximum revenue in 2016. (medgadget.com)
- In April 2016, Citagenix Inc., a subsidiary of Antibe Therapeutics Inc. has launched "PentOS OI™ Putty", a high-quality bone graft substitutes for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, with a proven ability to form bone. (decisiondatabases.com)
- METHODS: A Medline search of English language literature published through March 2016 discussing bone graft substitutes and fusion extenders was performed. (spinaldisccenter.com)
Surgically1
- These osseous defects are surgically created or the result of traumatic injury to the bone and are not intrinsic to the stability of the bony structure. (baxter.com)
Demand for bone2
- The growing prevalence of these conditions contributes to the demand for bone graft substitutes. (kikyus.net)
- As the elderly population grows, the demand for bone graft substitutes is expected to rise. (kikyus.net)
Patient's bone1
- As many of you noted, this case posed issues that affected the patient's bone health beyond her age-related osteoporosis and use of alendronate. (medscape.com)
Wedge high tibial osteotomy1
- Opening wedge high tibial osteotomy often requires bone grafting to improve the union rate and avoid instability at the osteotomy site. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)
High-quality bone1
- Containment materials are deployed to expand the contact interface with the graft and enable targeted high-quality bone formation to minimize such complications. (inkwoodresearch.com)
Prevalence1
- Factors such as a large aging population, high prevalence of bone-related conditions, and advanced medical technologies drive the demand for these substitutes. (credenceturbine.com)
Clinically1
- OBJECTIVE: This manuscript intends to provide a review of clinically relevant bone substitutes and bone expanders for spinal surgery in terms of efficacy and associated clinical outcomes, as reported in contemporary spine literature. (spinaldisccenter.com)
Clinical2
- A vast range of bone grafts and substitutes is available for clinical use. (inkwoodresearch.com)
- There were no significant differences in the reported clinical outcomes across all classes of bone substitutes. (spinaldisccenter.com)
Particles5
- Sclerostin null mice, and mice carrying an activated form of β-catenin were evaluated to understand how elevated Wnt signaling impacted edentulous ridge height and based on these data, a biomimetic strategy was employed to combine bone graft particles with a formulation of recombinant WNT protein. (jefferson.edu)
- If graft particles were present, then osteoprogenitor cells attached to the matrix and gave rise to new bone that augmented edentulous ridge height. (jefferson.edu)
- Class I IBS, taking advantage of ceramic particles or granules as the support for bone formation, are already commercialized and widely employed in clinics. (mad4am.fr)
- These data suggested that both the unique spherical shape and microstructure of β-TCP particles affected bone-forming activity after the operation. (elsevierpure.com)
- Intense vascular proliferation and bone deposition around the biomaterial particles were observed in the animals of the groups in which biocomplex was applied (XS and XS-PBM). (scielo.br)
Ceramics1
- Ceramics are also utilized as bone graft extenders and results are generally supportive, although limited. (spinaldisccenter.com)
Histological1
- Histological assessment of 17 cases confirmed adequate bone replacement of the Triosite although some areas of tricalcium phosphate remained visible. (openorthopaedicsjournal.com)