Bone resorption. Medical search

Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity.

A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.

A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption.

The continuous turnover of BONE MATRIX and mineral that involves first an increase in BONE RESORPTION (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive BONE FORMATION (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium HOMEOSTASIS. An imbalance in the regulation of bone remodeling's two contrasting events, bone resorption and bone formation, results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as OSTEOPOROSIS.

Resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms. (Dorland, 27th ed)

The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.

A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B and OSTEOPROTEGERIN. It plays an important role in regulating OSTEOCLAST differentiation and activation.

The growth and development of bones from fetus to adult. It includes two principal mechanisms of bone growth: growth in length of long bones at the epiphyseal cartilages and growth in thickness by depositing new bone (OSTEOGENESIS) with the actions of OSTEOBLASTS and OSTEOCLASTS.

A secreted member of the TNF receptor superfamily that negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis. It is a soluble decoy receptor of RANK LIGAND that inhibits both CELL DIFFERENTIATION and function of OSTEOCLASTS by inhibiting the interaction between RANK LIGAND and RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B.

Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.

Bone-forming cells which secrete an EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. HYDROXYAPATITE crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone.

Organic compounds which contain P-C-P bonds, where P stands for phosphonates or phosphonic acids. These compounds affect calcium metabolism. They inhibit ectopic calcification and slow down bone resorption and bone turnover. Technetium complexes of diphosphonates have been used successfully as bone scanning agents.

The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification.

Resorption or wasting of the tooth-supporting bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS) in the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE.

Diseases of BONES.

A tumor necrosis factor receptor family member that is specific for RANK LIGAND and plays a role in bone homeostasis by regulating osteoclastogenesis. It is also expressed on DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in regulating dendritic cell survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Extracellular substance of bone tissue consisting of COLLAGEN fibers, ground substance, and inorganic crystalline minerals and salts.

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

The disintegration and assimilation of the dead FETUS in the UTERUS at any stage after the completion of organogenesis which, in humans, is after the 9th week of GESTATION. It does not include embryo resorption (see EMBRYO LOSS).

Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.

Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium.

The SKELETON of the HEAD including the FACIAL BONES and the bones enclosing the BRAIN.

A cysteine protease that is highly expressed in OSTEOCLASTS and plays an essential role in BONE RESORPTION as a potent EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX-degrading enzyme.

Excessive formation of dense trabecular bone leading to pathological fractures; OSTEITIS; SPLENOMEGALY with infarct; ANEMIA; and extramedullary hemopoiesis (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY).

A polypeptide hormone (84 amino acid residues) secreted by the PARATHYROID GLANDS which performs the essential role of maintaining intracellular CALCIUM levels in the body. Parathyroid hormone increases intracellular calcium by promoting the release of CALCIUM from BONE, increases the intestinal absorption of calcium, increases the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium, and increases the renal excretion of phosphates.

A nonhormonal medication for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women. This drug builds healthy bone, restoring some of the bone loss as a result of osteoporosis.

Resorption of calcified dental tissue, involving demineralization due to reversal of the cation exchange and lacunar resorption by osteoclasts. There are two types: external (as a result of tooth pathology) and internal (apparently initiated by a peculiar inflammatory hyperplasia of the pulp). (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p676)

The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.

Vitamin K-dependent calcium-binding protein synthesized by OSTEOBLASTS and found primarily in BONES. Serum osteocalcin measurements provide a noninvasive specific marker of bone metabolism. The protein contains three residues of the amino acid gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla), which, in the presence of CALCIUM, promotes binding to HYDROXYAPATITE and subsequent accumulation in BONE MATRIX.

Renewal or repair of lost bone tissue. It excludes BONY CALLUS formed after BONE FRACTURES but not yet replaced by hard bone.

A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.

The most common form of fibrillar collagen. It is a major constituent of bone (BONE AND BONES) and SKIN and consists of a heterotrimer of two alpha1(I) and one alpha2(I) chains.

A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults.

Agents that inhibit BONE RESORPTION and/or favor BONE MINERALIZATION and BONE REGENERATION. They are used to heal BONE FRACTURES and to treat METABOLIC BONE DISEASES such as OSTEOPOROSIS.

The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the FIBULA laterally, the TALUS distally, and the FEMUR proximally.

Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency.

The grafting of bone from a donor site to a recipient site.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.

X-RAY COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY with resolution in the micrometer range.

Mature osteoblasts that have become embedded in the BONE MATRIX. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi.

Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood.

Orthodontic techniques used to correct the malposition of a single tooth.

A disease marked by repeated episodes of increased bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair, resulting in weakened, deformed bones of increased mass. The resultant architecture of the bone assumes a mosaic pattern in which the fibers take on a haphazard pattern instead of the normal parallel symmetry.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Breaks in bones.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.

One of a pair of irregularly shaped quadrilateral bones situated between the FRONTAL BONE and OCCIPITAL BONE, which together form the sides of the CRANIUM.

The surgical removal of one or both ovaries.

The thickest and spongiest part of the maxilla and mandible hollowed out into deep cavities for the teeth.

A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

The transference of BONE MARROW from one human or animal to another for a variety of purposes including HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION or MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION.

Synthetic or natural materials for the replacement of bones or bone tissue. They include hard tissue replacement polymers, natural coral, hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, and various other biomaterials. The bone substitutes as inert materials can be incorporated into surrounding tissue or gradually replaced by original tissue.

A mononuclear phagocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) synthesized by mesenchymal cells. The compound stimulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells of the monocyte-macrophage series. M-CSF is a disulfide-bonded glycoprotein dimer with a MW of 70 kDa. It binds to a specific high affinity receptor (RECEPTOR, MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR).

The largest of three bones that make up each half of the pelvic girdle.

Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins. They are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.

The physiologically active form of vitamin D. It is formed primarily in the kidney by enzymatic hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (CALCIFEDIOL). Its production is stimulated by low blood calcium levels and parathyroid hormone. Calcitriol increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and in concert with parathyroid hormone increases bone resorption.

A noninvasive method for assessing BODY COMPOSITION. It is based on the differential absorption of X-RAYS (or GAMMA RAYS) by different tissues such as bone, fat and other soft tissues. The source of (X-ray or gamma-ray) photon beam is generated either from radioisotopes such as GADOLINIUM 153, IODINE 125, or Americanium 241 which emit GAMMA RAYS in the appropriate range; or from an X-ray tube which produces X-RAYS in the desired range. It is primarily used for quantitating BONE MINERAL CONTENT, especially for the diagnosis of OSTEOPOROSIS, and also in measuring BONE MINERALIZATION.

A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.

Adhesives used to fix prosthetic devices to bones and to cement bone to bone in difficult fractures. Synthetic resins are commonly used as cements. A mixture of monocalcium phosphate, monohydrate, alpha-tricalcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate with a sodium phosphate solution is also a useful bone paste.

A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH).

Thin outer membrane that surrounds a bone. It contains CONNECTIVE TISSUE, CAPILLARIES, nerves, and a number of cell types.

A ubiquitously expressed, secreted protein with bone resorption and renal calcium reabsorption activities that are similar to PARATHYROID HORMONE. It does not circulate in appreciable amounts in normal subjects, but rather exerts its biological actions locally. Overexpression of parathyroid hormone-related protein by tumor cells results in humoral calcemia of malignancy.

A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.

A potent osteoinductive protein that plays a critical role in the differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells into OSTEOBLASTS.

Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)

The emergence of a tooth from within its follicle in the ALVEOLAR PROCESS of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE into the ORAL CAVITY. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)

Structurally related forms of an enzyme. Each isoenzyme has the same mechanism and classification, but differs in its chemical, physical, or immunological characteristics.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

The largest and strongest bone of the FACE constituting the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth.

One of a pair of irregularly shaped bones that form the upper jaw. A maxillary bone provides tooth sockets for the superior teeth, forms part of the ORBIT, and contains the MAXILLARY SINUS.

Cell surface receptors that bind TUMOR NECROSIS FACTORS and trigger changes which influence the behavior of cells.

A group of lysosomal proteinases or endopeptidases found in aqueous extracts of a variety of animal tissues. They function optimally within an acidic pH range. The cathepsins occur as a variety of enzyme subtypes including SERINE PROTEASES; ASPARTIC PROTEINASES; and CYSTEINE PROTEASES.

Proton-translocating ATPases that are involved in acidification of a variety of intracellular compartments.

Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of periapical tissue resulting from irritation following pulp disease or endodontic treatment.

Native, inorganic or fossilized organic substances having a definite chemical composition and formed by inorganic reactions. They may occur as individual crystals or may be disseminated in some other mineral or rock. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

The part of a tooth from the neck to the apex, embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum. A root may be single or divided into several branches, usually identified by their relative position, e.g., lingual root or buccal root. Single-rooted teeth include mandibular first and second premolars and the maxillary second premolar teeth. The maxillary first premolar has two roots in most cases. Maxillary molars have three roots. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p690)

A biosynthetic precursor of collagen containing additional amino acid sequences at the amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal ends of the polypeptide chains.

An abnormal hardening or increased density of bone tissue.

Glycoproteins which contain sialic acid as one of their carbohydrates. They are often found on or in the cell or tissue membranes and participate in a variety of biological activities.

The tip or terminal end of the root of a tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p62)

The most posterior teeth on either side of the jaw, totaling eight in the deciduous dentition (2 on each side, upper and lower), and usually 12 in the permanent dentition (three on each side, upper and lower). They are grinding teeth, having large crowns and broad chewing surfaces. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p821)

Calcium compounds used as food supplements or in food to supply the body with calcium. Dietary calcium is needed during growth for bone development and for maintenance of skeletal integrity later in life to prevent osteoporosis.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Any of the eight frontal teeth (four maxillary and four mandibular) having a sharp incisal edge for cutting food and a single root, which occurs in man both as a deciduous and a permanent tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p820)

A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria originally classified within the BACTEROIDES genus. This bacterium produces a cell-bound, oxygen-sensitive collagenase and is isolated from the human mouth.

The fibrous CONNECTIVE TISSUE surrounding the TOOTH ROOT, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS).

A family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of highly conserved calcineurin- and DNA-binding domains. NFAT proteins are activated in the CYTOPLASM by the calcium-dependent phosphatase CALCINEURIN. They transduce calcium signals to the nucleus where they can interact with TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-1 or NF-KAPPA B and initiate GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of GENES involved in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and development. NFAT proteins stimulate T-CELL activation through the induction of IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENES such as INTERLEUKIN-2.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Unstable isotopes of calcium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ca atoms with atomic weights 39, 41, 45, 47, 49, and 50 are radioactive calcium isotopes.

Either of a pair of compound bones forming the lateral (left and right) surfaces and base of the skull which contains the organs of hearing. It is a large bone formed by the fusion of parts: the squamous (the flattened anterior-superior part), the tympanic (the curved anterior-inferior part), the mastoid (the irregular posterior portion), and the petrous (the part at the base of the skull).

Cell surface proteins that bind calcitonin and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. Calcitonin receptors outside the nervous system mediate the role of calcitonin in calcium homeostasis. The role of calcitonin receptors in the brain is not well understood.

A negatively-charged extracellular matrix protein that plays a role in the regulation of BONE metabolism and a variety of other biological functions. Cell signaling by osteopontin may occur through a cell adhesion sequence that recognizes INTEGRIN ALPHA-V BETA-3.

A hollow part of the alveolar process of the MAXILLA or MANDIBLE where each tooth fits and is attached via the periodontal ligament.

VERTEBRAE in the region of the lower BACK below the THORACIC VERTEBRAE and above the SACRAL VERTEBRAE.

The bonelike rigid connective tissue covering the root of a tooth from the cementoenamel junction to the apex and lining the apex of the root canal, also assisting in tooth support by serving as attachment structures for the periodontal ligament. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

The spinal or vertebral column.

The outer shorter of the two bones of the FOREARM, lying parallel to the ULNA and partially revolving around it.

Physiologic loss of the primary dentition. (Zwemer, Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)

A technique for maintenance or growth of animal organs in vitro. It refers to three-dimensional cultures of undisaggregated tissue retaining some or all of the histological features of the tissue in vivo. (Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells, 3d ed, p1)

Production of a radiographic image of a small or very thin object on fine-grained photographic film under conditions which permit subsequent microscopic examination or enlargement of the radiograph at linear magnifications of up to several hundred and with a resolution approaching the resolving power of the photographic emulsion (about 1000 lines per millimeter).

A polypeptide that consists of the 1-34 amino-acid fragment of human PARATHYROID HORMONE, the biologically active N-terminal region. The acetate form is given by intravenous infusion in the differential diagnosis of HYPOPARATHYROIDISM and PSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995)

Infections with bacteria of the family BACTEROIDACEAE.

A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

A technique of culturing mixed cell types in vitro to allow their synergistic or antagonistic interactions, such as on CELL DIFFERENTIATION or APOPTOSIS. Coculture can be of different types of cells, tissues, or organs from normal or disease states.

A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

A highly glycosylated and sulfated phosphoprotein that is found almost exclusively in mineralized connective tissues. It is an extracellular matrix protein that binds to hydroxyapatite through polyglutamic acid sequences and mediates cell attachment through an RGD sequence.

The hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root, which is harder and denser than bone but softer than enamel, and is thus readily abraded when left unprotected. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

The structures surrounding and supporting the tooth. Periodontium includes the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.

Intracellular receptors that can be found in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus. They bind to extracellular signaling molecules that migrate through or are transported across the CELL MEMBRANE. Many members of this class of receptors occur in the cytoplasm and are transported to the CELL NUCLEUS upon ligand-binding where they signal via DNA-binding and transcription regulation. Also included in this category are receptors found on INTRACELLULAR MEMBRANES that act via mechanisms similar to CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS.

The inner and longer bone of the FOREARM.

The TARSAL BONES; METATARSAL BONES; and PHALANGES OF TOES. The tarsal bones consists of seven bones: CALCANEUS; TALUS; cuboid; navicular; internal; middle; and external cuneiform bones. The five metatarsal bones are numbered one through five, running medial to lateral. There are 14 phalanges in each foot, the great toe has two while the other toes have three each.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

Hydroxy analogs of vitamin D 3; (CHOLECALCIFEROL); including CALCIFEDIOL; CALCITRIOL; and 24,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D 3.

Polymerized methyl methacrylate monomers which are used as sheets, moulding, extrusion powders, surface coating resins, emulsion polymers, fibers, inks, and films (From International Labor Organization, 1983). This material is also used in tooth implants, bone cements, and hard corneal contact lenses.

One of the eight permanent teeth, two on either side in each jaw, between the canines (CUSPID) and the molars (MOLAR), serving for grinding and crushing food. The upper have two cusps (bicuspid) but the lower have one to three. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p822)

Bone in humans and primates extending from the SHOULDER JOINT to the ELBOW JOINT.

The constricted portion of the thigh bone between the femur head and the trochanters.

Synthetic thermoplastics that are tough, flexible, inert, and resistant to chemicals and electrical current. They are often used as biocompatible materials for prostheses and implants.

Oral tissue surrounding and attached to TEETH.

Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.

Decalcification of bone or abnormal bone development due to chronic KIDNEY DISEASES, in which 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D3 synthesis by the kidneys is impaired, leading to reduced negative feedback on PARATHYROID HORMONE. The resulting SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM eventually leads to bone disorders.

Benign unilocular lytic areas in the proximal end of a long bone with well defined and narrow endosteal margins. The cysts contain fluid and the cyst walls may contain some giant cells. Bone cysts usually occur in males between the ages 3-15 years.

The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Two pairs of small oval-shaped glands located in the front and the base of the NECK and adjacent to the two lobes of THYROID GLAND. They secrete PARATHYROID HORMONE that regulates the balance of CALCIUM; PHOSPHORUS; and MAGNESIUM in the body.

Compounds containing 1,3-diazole, a five membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms separated by one of the carbons. Chemically reduced ones include IMIDAZOLINES and IMIDAZOLIDINES. Distinguish from 1,2-diazole (PYRAZOLES).

A bone tumor composed of cellular spindle-cell stroma containing scattered multinucleated giant cells resembling osteoclasts. The tumors range from benign to frankly malignant lesions. The tumor occurs most frequently in an end of a long tubular bone in young adults. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)

The physiological period following the MENOPAUSE, the permanent cessation of the menstrual life.

A non-vascular form of connective tissue composed of CHONDROCYTES embedded in a matrix that includes CHONDROITIN SULFATE and various types of FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN. There are three major types: HYALINE CARTILAGE; FIBROCARTILAGE; and ELASTIC CARTILAGE.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Malfunction of implantation shunts, valves, etc., and prosthesis loosening, migration, and breaking.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

The most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It exhibits most biological activities characteristic of prostaglandins and has been used extensively as an oxytocic agent. The compound also displays a protective effect on the intestinal mucosa.

A vitamin that includes both CHOLECALCIFEROLS and ERGOCALCIFEROLS, which have the common effect of preventing or curing RICKETS in animals. It can also be viewed as a hormone since it can be formed in SKIN by action of ULTRAVIOLET RAYS upon the precursors, 7-dehydrocholesterol and ERGOSTEROL, and acts on VITAMIN D RECEPTORS to regulate CALCIUM in opposition to PARATHYROID HORMONE.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

The methyl esters of methacrylic acid that polymerize easily and are used as tissue cements, dental materials, and absorbent for biological substances.

Extraoral body-section radiography depicting an entire maxilla, or both maxilla and mandible, on a single film.

Dense fibrous layer formed from mesodermal tissue that surrounds the epithelial enamel organ. The cells eventually migrate to the external surface of the newly formed root dentin and give rise to the cementoblasts that deposit cementum on the developing root, fibroblasts of the developing periodontal ligament, and osteoblasts of the developing alveolar bone.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Receptors such as INTEGRIN ALPHAVBETA3 that bind VITRONECTIN with high affinity and play a role in cell migration. They also bind FIBRINOGEN; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR; osteopontin; and THROMBOSPONDINS.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts; atomic number, 22; atomic weight, 47.90; symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.

Syndromes of bone destruction where the cause is not obvious such as neoplasia, infection, or trauma. The destruction follows various patterns: massive (Gorham disease), multicentric (HAJDU-CHENEY SYNDROME), or carpal/tarsal.

The surgical removal of a tooth. (Dorland, 28th ed)

The phase of orthodontics concerned with the correction of malocclusion with proper appliances and prevention of its sequelae (Jablonski's Illus. Dictionary of Dentistry).

The teeth of the first dentition, which are shed and replaced by the permanent teeth.

A purely physical condition which exists within any material because of strain or deformation by external forces or by non-uniform thermal expansion; expressed quantitatively in units of force per unit area.

The shaft of long bones.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

A bone morphogenetic protein that is a potent inducer of BONE formation. It plays additional roles in regulating CELL DIFFERENTIATION of non-osteoblastic cell types and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.

Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.

Horizontal and, to a lesser degree, axial movement of a tooth in response to normal forces, as in occlusion. It refers also to the movability of a tooth resulting from loss of all or a portion of its attachment and supportive apparatus, as seen in periodontitis, occlusal trauma, and periodontosis. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p507 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p313)

Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).

The total absence of teeth from either the mandible or the maxilla, but not both. Total absence of teeth from both is MOUTH, EDENTULOUS. Partial absence of teeth in either is JAW, EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY.

A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by chronic KIDNEY DISEASES.

Reduction of the blood calcium below normal. Manifestations include hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, Chvostek's sign, muscle and abdominal cramps, and carpopedal spasm. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.

Bone resorption induced by parathyroid hormone is strikingly diminished in collagenase-resistant mutant mice. (1/2466)

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates bone resorption by acting directly on osteoblasts/stromal cells and then indirectly to increase differentiation and function of osteoclasts. PTH acting on osteoblasts/stromal cells increases collagenase gene transcription and synthesis. To assess the role of collagenase in the bone resorptive actions of PTH, we used mice homozygous (r/r) for a targeted mutation (r) in Col1a1 that are resistant to collagenase cleavage of type I collagen. Human PTH(1-34) was injected subcutaneously over the hemicalvariae in wild-type (+/+) or r/r mice four times daily for three days. Osteoclast numbers, the size of the bone marrow spaces and periosteal proliferation were increased in calvariae from PTH-treated +/+ mice, whereas in r/r mice, PTH-induced bone resorption responses were minimal. The r/r mice were not resistant to other skeletal effects of PTH because abundant interstitial collagenase mRNA was detected in the calvarial periosteum of PTH-treated, but not vehicle-treated, r/r and +/+ mice. Calcemic responses, 0.5-10 hours after intraperitoneal injection of PTH, were blunted in r/r mice versus +/+ mice. Thus, collagenase cleavage of type I collagen is necessary for PTH induction of osteoclastic bone resorption. (+info)

The development and structure of the chimpanzee mandible. (2/2466)

The sites of growth and remodeling, and the associated changes in cortical bone structure, have been studied in the chimpanzee mandible and compared with those previously reported in the human and macaque mandibles. The location of the principal sites of growth, and the distribution of the areas of deposition and resorption in the ramus, were found to be similar in all three species. In the chimpanzee, unlike Man, the bone being deposited at the condyle, posterior border of the ramus and coronoid process was plexiform in nature, indicating very rapid growth. The pattern of remodeling in the mandibular body, on the other hand, showed marked species differences at the chin and on the submandibular lingual surface, which account for the contrasts seen in the adult morphology of these regions. Although the pattern of distribution of cortical densities differed from that of surface remodeling, the information they give is complementary in analysing bone growth. The densest regions were found to coincide with sites of consistent lamellar deposition, while the least dense regions were those where plexiform bone was formed. Areas where remodeling led to the greatest reorientation of bone tissue within the cortex showed the greatest disparity between the two patterns. (+info)

Ibandronate reduces osteolytic lesions but not tumor burden in a murine model of myeloma bone disease. (3/2466)

We determined the effects of the potent bisphosphonate ibandronate in a murine model of human myeloma bone disease. In this model, bone lesions typical of the human disease develop in mice following inoculation of myeloma cells via the tail vein. Treatment with ibandronate (4 micrograms per mouse per day) significantly reduced the occurrence of osteolytic bone lesions in myeloma-bearing mice. However, ibandronate did not prevent the mice from developing hindlimb paralysis and did not produce a detectable effect on survival. There was no significant effect of ibandronate on total myeloma cell burden, as assessed by morphometric measurements of myeloma cells in the bone marrow, liver, and spleen, or by measurement of serum IgG2b levels. These results support clinical findings that bisphosphonates may be useful for the treatment of myeloma-associated bone destruction, but suggest that other therapies are also required to reduce tumor growth. (+info)

Study of the effect of lactational bone loss on blood lead concentrations in humans. (4/2466)

Lactation and other clinical states of high bone turnover have been suggested to release lead (Pb) stored in bone into blood and tissues. Previous observations on the influences of lactation have been anecdotal, or at high blood Pb concentrations with varying past exposures, or complicated by postpartum fluid changes. A prospective observational study was performed to investigate possible changes in blood lead concentrations at multiple intervals during lactation for 6 months postpartum and to relate changes in blood lead concentrations to changes in bone density and other variables. Volunteer pregnant subjects (n = 58) were enrolled from a midwifery service at an academic public health hospital. Subjects were mostly Hispanic, recently immigrated, of low economic status, not receiving supplemental calcium, and had low blood Pb concentrations (2.35 +/- 2.05 microg/dl at enrollment). Bone density losses over 6 months for the group averaged -2.46 +/- 6.33% at the vertebral spine and -0.67 +/- 5.21% at the femoral neck. In predicting final bone density, apart from initial bone density only the total number of breast-feedings was a significant independent variable of the variables tested, accounting for an additional 12% of the variability. No changes in blood Pb concentrations were seen over the interval beyond 2 weeks postpartum (minimum detectable change was 0.4 microg/dl). There was no relation between the changes in bone density and changes in blood Pb or the integrated blood Pb over the 2-week to 6-month period. Normal (nonlactating) bone resorption rates contribute a large fraction of the Pb in blood during low-exposure circumstances. However, during lactation the increase in bone resorptive processes is probably relatively small with a larger decrease in deposition accounting for net bone loss, as suggested by other investigations. Thus, concomitant release of Pb from bones of lactating subjects with low blood lead concentrations on this background of high normal resorption was not large enough for detection. (+info)

Biochemical markers of bone turnover in breast cancer patients with bone metastases: a preliminary report. (5/2466)

BACKGROUND: Some biochemical markers of bone turnover are expected to reflect the disease activity of metastatic bone tumor. In the present study six biochemical markers were evaluated to determine appropriate markers for the detection of metastatic bone tumors from breast cancer (BC). METHODS: A panel of bone turnover markers was assessed in 11 normocalcemic patients with bone metastases from BC and in 19 BC patients without clinical evidence of bone metastases. Bone formation was investigated by measuring serum bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (OC) and carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP): Bone resorption was investigated by measuring serum carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), fasting urinary pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr). RESULTS: PICP was influenced by age and menopausal status. Significant correlations were observed between each of bone turnover markers except between BALP and OC. The mean levels of the six bone turnover markers were higher in patients with bone metastases than in those without them and significance was observed except for OC. The best diagnostic efficiency by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was provided by ICTP followed by Pyr or D-Pyr, BALP, PICP and OC and significance was observed between ICTP and OC. Multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted by age revealed that the only significant marker related to bone metastases was ICTP. CONCLUSIONS: Serum ICTP appears to be the leading marker of bone metastases from BC. However, to reveal the clinical usefulness of these markers, further examination will be needed to account for the ease and cost-effectiveness of the measurements. (+info)

Acute fasting diminishes the circadian rhythm of biochemical markers of bone resorption. (6/2466)

OBJECTIVE: Biochemical markers of bone turnover exhibit circadian rhythms with the peak during the night/early morning and the nadir in the late afternoon. The nocturnal increase in bone resorption could theoretically be caused by the absence of food consumption which brings about a decrease in net calcium absorption and an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH), followed by increased bone resorption in response to the body's demand for calcium. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of a 33-h fast on the circadian variation in biochemical markers of bone turnover. DESIGN: Eleven healthy premenopausal women (age: 24+/-5 years) participated in a randomised, cross-over study consisting of two periods: either 33h of fasting (fasting) followed 1 week later by a 33-h period with regular meals eaten at 0800-0830h, 1130-1230h and 1800-1900h (control) or vice versa. METHODS: Urinary CrossLaps (U-CL/Cr) corrected with creatinine, as a marker of bone resorption; serum osteocalcin (sOC) as a marker of bone formation; serum intact PTH (iPTH); serum phosphate; and serum calcium corrected with albumin. RESULTS: Both the fasting and the control periods showed a significant circadian rhythm in U-CL/Cr (P<0.001), but the decrease was significantly less pronounced in the morning hours during the fasting period. Fasting resulted in a significant decrease in serum iPTH (throughout the study period) as compared with the control period (P<0.05-0.001). No change was observed in sOC by fasting. CONCLUSION: Food consumption has a small influence on the circadian variation in bone resorption, independent of PTH. The fall in iPTH during fasting may be secondary to an increased bone resorption produced by fasting. (+info)

A prospective study of bone loss and turnover after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: effect of calcium supplementation with or without calcitonin. (7/2466)

Transplantation of solid organs including heart, kidney, and liver is associated with rapid bone loss and increased rate of fracture; data on bone marrow transplantation recipients (BMT) are scarce. The purpose of the present study was to examine the magnitude, timing, and mechanism of bone loss following allogeneic BMT, and to study whether bone loss can be prevented by calcium with or without calcitonin. Sixty-nine patients undergoing allogeneic BMT for malignant blood diseases were enrolled into the study. Forty-four (22 women, 22 men) completed 6 months, and 36 patients 1 year follow-up. They were randomized to receive either no additional treatment (n = 22), or oral calcium 1 g twice daily for 12 months (n = 12) or the same dose of calcium plus intranasal calcitonin 400 IU/day for the first month and then 200 IU/day for 11 months (n = 10). Bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine and three femoral sites (femoral neck, trochanter, Ward's triangle) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone turnover rate was followed with markers of bone formation and resorption (serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP), type I procollagen carboxyterminal (PICP) and aminoterminal propeptide (PINP), serum type I collagen carboxyterminal telopeptide (ICTP)). Serum testosterone was assayed in men. Calcium with or without calcitonin had no effect on bone loss or bone markers; consequently the three study groups were combined. During the first 6 post-transplant months BMD decreased by 5.7% in the lumbar spine and by 6.9% to 8.7% in the three femoral sites (P < 0.0001 for all); no significant further decline occured between 6 and 12 months. Four out of 25 assessable patients experienced vertebral compression fractures. Markers of bone formation reduced: B-ALP by 20% at 3 weeks (P = 0.027), PICP by 40% (P < 0.0001) and PINP by 63% at 6 weeks (P < 0.0001), with a return to baseline by 6 months. The marker of bone resorption, serum ICTP was above normal throughout the whole observation period, with a peak at 6 weeks (77% above baseline, P < 0.0001). In male patients serum testosterone decreased reaching a nadir (57% below baseline) at 6 weeks (P = 0.0003). In conclusion, significant bone loss occurs after BMT. It results from imbalance between reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption; hypogonadism may be a contributing factor in men. Bone loss can not be prevented by calcium with or without calcitonin. (+info)

An odyssey from breast to bone: multi-step control of mammary metastases and osteolysis by matrix metalloproteinases. (8/2466)

Development of metastases distant to the primary site of solid tumors marks late stages of tumor progression. Almost all malignant mammary tumors are carcinomas arising from the breast epithelium, but the morphological and molecular alterations in the mammary stroma surrounding the premalignant and the growing tumor contribute to its conversion into neoplastic tissue. Two parameters are critical for initiation of the metastatic process and access of tumor cells to the circulation. These are the ability of tumor cells to invade the basement membrane and the stroma, and the neovascularization of breast tumor tissue. A major site for development of distant metastases is the skeleton. After colonizing the bone, tumor cells promote a cascade of events leading to recruitment of osteoclasts and subsequent osteolytic bone destruction. A ubiquitous theme of neoplastic progression of breast tumors is the overproduction of matrix metalloproteinases. In this review, we summarize the recent insights into the functional consequences of matrix metalloproteinase expression and activation during malignant conversion in the breast, and after bone colonization. The current literature supports the hypothesis that matrix metalloproteinases play a key role in the metastatic expansion of most, if not all, mammary tumors and in the ensuing bone loss. (+info)

... is resorption of bone tissue, that is, the process by which osteoclasts break down the tissue in bones and ... During childhood, bone formation exceeds resorption. As the aging process occurs, resorption exceeds formation. Bone resorption ... In some cases where bone resorption outpaces ossification, the bone is broken down much faster than it can be renewed. The bone ... Light weight bearing exercise tends to eliminate the negative effects of bone resorption. Bone resorption is highly stimulated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_resorption

... increased bone resorption, allowing the flow of calcium from bone to blood reduced kidney clearance of calcium increased ... clinical problems are due to bone resorption and manifest as bone syndromes such as rickets, osteomalacia, and renal ... This increases bone resorption. In chronic kidney failure the problem is more specifically failure to convert vitamin D to its ... A history of acquired racquet nails (brachyonychia) may be indicative of bone resorption. Radiographically, hyperparathyroidism ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperparathyroidism

They reduces bone resorption. Mechanism of action: Bisphosphonate binds to the mineral component of the bone and inhibits ... It inhibits osteoclast differentiation and activation, reduces bone resorption, improves bone density and lessens skeletal- ... "Low bone mineral density is associated with bone microdamage accumulation in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis". Bone. 41 ... Such medications are frequently used to treat diseases that cause bone resorption such as osteoporosis, or to treat cancer. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medication-related_osteonecrosis_of_the_jaw

Bone resorption Gallium Nitrate monograph. Lexi-Comp Online, Lexi-Drugs Online, Lexi-Comp Inc. Hudson, OH. Available at: [1] ... Also, the increased concentration of gallium in the bone leads to increasing the synthesis of collagen as well as the formation ... It works by preventing the breakdown of bone through the inhibition of osteoclast activity, thus lowering the amount of free ... Warrell, RP Jr (1997). "Gallium nitrate for the treatment of bone metastases". Cancer. 80 (8 Suppl): 1680-1685. doi:10.1002/( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_nitrate

Two different kinds of bone resorption are possible: direct resorption, which starts from the lining cells of the alveolar bone ... September 2010). "Bone deposition, bone resorption, and osteosarcoma". Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 28 (9): 1142-8. doi: ... This is called bone remodeling. Bone remodeling is a biomechanical process responsible for making bones stronger in response to ... Bone deposition occurs in the distracted periodontal ligament. Without bone deposition, the tooth will loosen, and voids will ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_braces

"Regulation of bone resorption and formation". The American Journal of Medicine. 43 (5): 696-710. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(67)90112 ... in particular in the domain of developing new antirachitic sterols to treat metabolic bone disease. He resided in Cambridge, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Pechet

This causes more bone resorption than formation. Additionally, women tend to have smaller bones and lower bone mass than men, ... Bone density level decreases as the level of oestrogen, a hormone essential for healthy bones, drops after menopause. ... Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption in the gut and vitamin K plays a role in the formation of bones and the maintenance of ... A steady supply of calcium, protein, vitamin D and vitamin K are required for the constant regeneration of bones. 700-800 mg of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locomotive_syndrome

... increases bone resorption, as well as decreasing the deposition of new bone that normally takes place in weight-bearing bones. ... Trabecular bone (or cancellous bone) is the sponge-like bone in the ends of long bones and vertebrae. Cortical bone is the hard ... PTH increases bone resorption, leading to bone loss. A positive association exists between serum 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol ... In normal bone, matrix remodeling of bone is constant; up to 10% of all bone mass may be undergoing remodeling at any point in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoporosis

In osteoclasts, V-ATPases are required for pumping protons onto the bone surface. The protons are then used for bone resorption ... However, it is believed that abnormal/impaired secretion of the brain and bone-specific ECM proteins caused by dysregulation of ... Elastin is not required for brain or bone growth. ... can be monitored via developmental assessments and bone density ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrinkly_skin_syndrome

Salo, J.; Lehenkari, P.; Mulari, M.; Metsikkö, K.; Väänänen, H. K. (1997). "Removal of osteoclast bone resorption products by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcytosis

Compounds of zinc Zinc deficiency Zinc toxicity Yamaguchi M (1995). "beta-Alanyl-L-histidinato zinc and bone resorption". ... It has a stimulatory effect on bone formation and a restorative effect on bone loss under various pathophysiologic conditions. ... Zinc acexamate has also been shown to have a potent-anabolic effect on bone. The oral administration of AHZ or zinc acexamate ... The stimulatory effect of AHZ on bone formation is more intensive than that of zinc sulfate. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_L-carnosine

... a novel mediator of inflammatory bone resorption". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 5334. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.5334K. doi:10.1038/ ... During periods of bone inflammation, CCL11 and CCR3 are upregulated. This is associated with an increase in osteoclast activity ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCL11

"Gallium inhibits bone resorption by a direct effect on osteoclasts". PMID 2278540. "The effects of gallium nitrate on bone ... Work at the Hospital for Special Surgery in New York and elsewhere suggested that gallium reduced bone resorption and might ... "Gallium nitrate inhibits calcium resorption from bone and is effective treatment for cancer-related hypercalcemia". Retrieved 5 ... "Use of gallium to treat Paget's disease of bone: a pilot study". Retrieved 5 December 2019. "A multicenter trial of low dose ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genta_(company)

Kobayashi, Yasuhiro; Maeda, Kazuhiro; Takahashi, Naoyuki (July 2008). "Roles of Wnt signaling in bone formation and resorption ... Under certain circumstances adenosine stimulates bone destruction and in other situations it promotes bone formation, depending ... Adenosine is very relevant in bone metabolism, as it plays a role in formation and activation of both osteoclasts and ... In TGF-β (Transforming Growth Factor β) pathway, BMP (Bone Morphogenic Protein), Activin and Nodal ligands bind to their ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemical_cascade

... volume is determined by the rates of bone formation and bone resorption. Recent research has suggested that certain growth ... Most of the bones of the skull are flat bones, as is the sternum. Sesamoid bones are bones embedded in tendons. Since they act ... Bone tissue is mineralized tissue of two types, cortical bone and cancellous bone. Other types of tissue found in bones include ... cancellous bone at the ends of the bones. Most bones of the limbs, including those of the fingers and toes, are long bones. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone

1984). Resorption of bone by isolated rabbit osteoclasts. J Cell Science 66: 383 - 399 PMID 6746762 Athanasou NA, Quinn J. ( ... With TJ Chambers he developed the osteoclast lacunar bone resorption assay system. His work was the first to show that the ... This led to the discovery of cellular and molecular mechanisms of pathological bone resorption associated with primary and ... 1996) Human osteoclast formation and bone resorption by monocytes and synovial macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikos_Athanasou

Raisz, Lawrence G.; Simmons, Hollis A.; Sandberg, Ann L.; Canalis, Ernesto (July 1980). "lDirect Stimulation of Bone Resorption ... "Complement-Dependent Stimulation of Prostaglandin Synthesis and Bone Resorption". Science. 185 (4153): 789-791. Bibcode:1974Sci ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Linnea_Sandberg

"Bone Formation and Resorption as a Requirement for Marrow Development". Experimental Biology and Medicine. 140 (1): 205-207. ... Patt, H. M.; Maloney, M. A. (1975). "Bone marrow regeneration after local injury: A review". Experimental Hematology. 3 (2): ... "Hematopoietic microenvironment transfer by stromal fibroblasts derived from bone marrow varying in cellularity". Experimental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey_M._Patt

These include: increased rate of bone turnover with resorption exceeding formation; an initial rapid phase of bone loss ... greater loss of cancellous bone than cortical bone; reduced intestinal calcium absorption; some protection against bone loss by ... Kalu DN (December 1991). "The ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal bone loss". Bone Miner. 15 (3): 175-91. doi:10.1016/ ... Van Linden JC; Waarsing JH; Weinans H. (2006). "The use of micro-CT to study bone architecture dynamics noninvasively". Drug ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovariectomized_rat

... has shown to have positive effects on bone turnover. It has aided in decreasing bone resorption and increasing bone ... This was indicated by a decrease in the levels of two bone resorption markers (deoxypyridinoline and N-telopeptide) and an ... in pro-inflammatory responses and an increase in anti-inflammatory responses which indicates a reduction in bone resorption as ... Ribonuclease-enriched lactoferrin has been used to examine how lactoferrin affects bone. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactoferrin

... used for the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone disorders that cause bone fragility and diseases where bone resorption is ... They only had a rather weak inhibiting effect on bone resorption. The inclusion of an amino group marked the beginning of the ... The compound can be made more potent by optimizing the structure of the R2 group to best inhibit bone resorption. Phosphonate ... all bisphosphonate drugs is a physicochemical interaction with the bone mineral to prevent the physical resorption of the bone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_and_development_of_bisphosphonates

"Methods for the treatment of bone resorption disorders, including osteoporosis", published 1998-11-03, assigned to Mount Sinai ... Methods for the treatment of bone resorption disorders, including osteoporosis, (1998). Methods for determining susceptibility ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_J._Desnick

Bone Resorption When teeth and roots are extracted, bone resorption ensues. This is greatest in the mandible and can be ... Bone Resorption Another tissue change that can result from wearing an overdenture is resorption of the alveolar bone. Although ... Other than that, retention of natural teeth in the jaw helps preserve bone by delaying the process of bone resorption in the ... Patient Anatomy - Overdentures can be useful for patients with a severe ridge defect or bone resorption. - Patients who have ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overdenture

"Serum leptin as a determinant of bone resorption in healthy postmenopausal women". Bone. 33 (5): 847-852. doi:10.1016/j.bone. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSL_(gene)

This may cause bone pain and tenderness, due to increased bone resorption. Due to increased circulating calcium, there may be ... Hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism, characterized by alterations in the blood calcium levels and bone metabolism, are ... as well as bone physiology. Parathyroid hormone has effects antagonistic to those of calcitonin. Calcium. PTH increases blood ... to break down bone and release calcium. PTH increases gastrointestinal calcium absorption by activating vitamin D, and promotes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_gland

In bone, osteoclasts are found in pits in the bone surface which are called resorption bays, or Howship's lacunae. Osteoclasts ... Osteoporosis occurs when there is an imbalance between the bone resorption activities of osteoclasts and the bone formation ... Resorption of bone matrix by the osteoclasts involves two steps: (1) dissolution of inorganic components (minerals), and (2) ... The ruffled border lies in contact with the bone surface within a resorption bay. The periphery of the ruffled border is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoclast

X-rays may reveal bone resorption and degenerative changes in the joint. These findings in the presence of intact skin and loss ... The resulting hyperemia leads to increased osteoclastic resorption of bone, and this, in concert with mechanical stress, leads ... bone resorption, and eventual deformity due to loss of sensation. Onset is usually insidious. If this pathological process ... commonly seen at the distal aspect of the metatarsals Diabetic osteolysis Bone resorption Once the process is recognized, it ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropathic_arthropathy

Osteoclasts are cells of bones that promote bone demineralization or bone resorption. In contrast, Osteoblast promotes calcium ... The cells of our bone that is involved in bone formation and bone breakdown is osteoblast and osteoclast respectively. ... An endocrine bone disease is a bone disease associated with a disorder of the endocrine system. An example is osteitis fibrosa ... Thus Calcitonin activates osteoblasts, therefore decrease blood calcium levels by decreasing bone breakdown (resorption) by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_bone_disease

It also induces calcium and phosphate resorption from the bone by osteoclasts. Parathyroid hormone also plays a role in ... Conditions due to bone loss such as osteopenia and osteoporosis are common in tertiary hyperparathyroidism along with ... Pseudoclubbing of the digits can also be indicative of a severe tertiary hyperparathyroidism due to excess resorption at the ... Radiological investigations include looking for signs of bone loss in both the hands and pelvis which is characteristic of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertiary_hyperparathyroidism

Like other AASs, oxandrolone may worsen hypercalcemia by increasing osteolytic bone resorption. When taken by pregnant women, ... It is FDA-approved for treating bone pain associated with osteoporosis, aiding weight gain following surgery or physical trauma ... Activation of the androgen receptor stimulates protein synthesis, which increases muscle growth, lean body mass, and bone ... to treat bone pain associated with osteoporosis, to aid in the development of girls with Turner syndrome, and for other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxandrolone

Also the muscles of the jaw and the formation of the jaw bones depend on the primary teeth to maintain proper spacing for ... The erupting permanent teeth cause root resorption, where the permanent teeth push on the roots of the primary teeth, causing ... The primary teeth maintain the arch length within the jaw, the bone and the permanent teeth replacements develop from the same ... Medicaments used in pulpectomy include resorbable materials so that they will undergo resorption (dissolution) along with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deciduous_teeth

... bone matrix proteins osteopontin and bone sialoprotein and the osteoclast integrin alpha v beta 3 potentiate bone resorption". ... She served as co-editor of the seven volumes reference book Topics in Bone Biology. In 2010, Farach-Carson was elected AAAS ... In 2021, she was given the Stephen M. Krane Award by the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. Consortium, Fantom; ... tissue engineering and bone metastasis. She is a professor of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences and Director of Clinical and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Cynthia_Farach-Carson

Root resorption following traumatic dental injuries, whether located along the root surface or within the root canal appears to ... Dental trauma refers to trauma (injury) to the teeth and/or periodontium (gums, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone), and ... Common complications are pulpal necrosis, pulpal obliteration, root resorption and damage to the successors teeth in primary ... Potential sequelae can involve pulpal necrosis, pulp obliteration and root resorption. Necrosis is the most common complication ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_trauma

The underlying alveolar bone can be destroyed, leaving a unique appearance referred to as "cupping resorption" or " ... Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the lesion down to the bone. If there are any adjacent teeth, they are cleaned ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_giant-cell_granuloma

... it can result in resorption and reduction of the alveolar bone as shown in Henrikson's studies when dogs were fed a low calcium ... Becks, H.; Weber, M. (1931). "The Influence of Diet on the Bone System with Special Reference to the Alveolar Process and the ... The ratio of calcium to phosphorus is essential to bone and teeth health; if there is excessive phosphorus within a diet, ... Vitamin D also plays a major role in calcium absorption and bone health because it helps to maintain calcium homeostasis and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_health_diets_for_dogs

... is a synthetic isoflavone which may be used to inhibit bone resorption, maintain bone density and to prevent osteoporosis in ... 651-. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3. Civitelli R (1997). "In vitro and in vivo effects of ipriflavone on bone formation and bone ... It slows down the action of the osteoclasts (bone-eroding cells), possibly allowing the osteoblasts (bone-building cells) to ... The drug prevents bone loss via mechanisms that are distinct from those of estrogens. Elks J (14 November 2014). The Dictionary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipriflavone

Tanke, D. H.; Farke, A. A. (2006). "Bone resorption, bone lesions, and extracranial fenestrae in ceratopsid dinosaurs: a ... non-pathological bone resorption, or unknown bone diseases, are suggested as causes. A newer study compared incidence rates of ... The bones of the skull roof were fused. By a folding of the frontal bones, a "double" skull roof was created. In Triceratops, ... The cavity between the layers invaded the bone cores of the brow horns. At the rear of the skull, the outer squamosal bones and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triceratops

The soft tissues are protected and resorption of the alveolar bone at the saddle areas is likely to be slow. However, with ' ... Force placed on these areas dissipates into the alveolar bone and will cause resorption over time. Dentures quickly begin to ... reducing the rate of resorption. Direct retainers may come in various designs: Cast circumferential clasp (suprabulge) Akers' ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Removable_partial_denture

... on bone resorption and bone formation markers in type 2 diabetic patients". DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 20 (1): 84 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_&_Metabolism_Research_Institute

TRAP is associated with osteoclast migration to bone resorption sites, and, once there, TRAP is believed to initiate osteoclast ... Darden AG, Ries WL, Wolf WC, Rodriguiz RM, Key LL (May 1996). "Osteoclastic superoxide production and bone resorption: ... It has been shown that osteopontin and bone sialoprotein, bone matrix phosphoproteins, are highly efficient in vitro TRAP ... "Transgenic mice overexpressing tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase exhibit an increased rate of bone turnover". Journal of Bone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tartrate-resistant_acid_phosphatase

Multiple basioccipitals (a bone at the lower part of the occiput), stapes (one of the ear bones), and a basisphenoid (a bone ... Some of the roots of SNHM1284-R had resorption pits, indicating its teeth were still growing. The only-known complete tooth ... Two probable hyoid bones (tongue bones) are preserved in specimen SNHM1284-R; these bones were rod-like with one spatula-shaped ... Several of the bones are essentially identical to those of A. densus, while others differ in some details. The bones are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acamptonectes

Their limb bones were reduced in length and their paddles were formed by webbing between their long finger and toe bones. Their ... In the third stage, the developing crown firmly cemented itself within the resorption pit and grew in size; by the fourth stage ... Lastly, mosasaur bones and teeth are also known from California, Mexico, Colombia, Brazil, Peru, and Chile. Many of the so- ... Replacement teeth developed within a pit inside the roots of the original tooth called the resorption pit. This is done through ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosasaur

... inhibition of bone resorption, and relief of menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes. In addition, estradiol levels were found ... bone turnover and climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women". Clinical Endocrinology. 30 (3): 241-9. doi:10.1111/j.1365- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrone

Deficiency in either testosterone or oestrogen can increase the rate of bone resorption while at the same time slowing down the ... Bone density scans are recommended to monitor the bone mineral density. The bone density scan is known as a dual energy X-ray ... Laitinen EM, Hero M, Vaaralahti K, Tommiska J, Raivio T (August 2012). "Bone mineral density, body composition and bone ... "Treatment of isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism effect on bone mineral density and bone turnover". The Journal of Clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kallmann_syndrome

... producing an increase in both bone volume and bone density due to increased bone deposition and resorption. However, long term ... use of these causes resorption, degrading the bone to raise blood calcium. Consequently, these drugs have been researched for ... Silver J, Bushinsky D (July 2004). "Harnessing the parathyroids to create stronger bones". Current Opinion in Nephrology and ... Nemeth EF, Shoback D (June 2013). "Calcimimetic and calcilytic drugs for treating bone and mineral-related disorders". Best ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcilytic

... there occurs a resorption (or loss) of alveolar bone, which continues throughout life. Although the rate of resorption varies, ... Increased retention of prosthesis Reduced alveolar bone resorption and preservation of alveolar ridge Reduced horizontal forces ... lead to an increased rate of bone resorption. Therefore, in order to ensure an equal distribution of forces across the mucosa, ... the effects of this muscle are more evident when there has been considerable alveolar bone resorption in the mandibular (lower ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_dentures

... root resorption The list continues at List of MeSH codes (C08). (Wikipedia articles in need of updating from February 2020, All ... alveolar bone loss MeSH C07.465.714.204 - furcation defects MeSH C07.465.714.258 - gingival diseases MeSH C07.465.714.258.250 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(C07)

Additionally, bone resorption and inadequate hydration in space can lead to the formation of kidney stones, and subsequent ... "Bone metabolism and renal stone risk during International Space Station missions". Bone. 81: 712-720. doi:10.1016/j.bone. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_adaptation_syndrome

... bone age 15 years), a severely undermineralized skeleton, evidence of increased bone resorption, and very early-onset ... At the age of 15 years, 5 months, her bone age was 11 or 12 years, and at the age of 17 years, 8 months, her bone age was 13.5 ... Bone age is delayed and bones are more brittle.[citation needed] Variations in these patterns can be achieved by selectively ... Her bone mass was lower than expected for her age, and levels of osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide were both elevated, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen_insensitivity_syndrome

However, this may give rise to serious complications such as fractures, resorption of the bone, or a flattened nasofacial angle ... Often, a new nasal bone will have to be interpositioned, using a bone transplant. Complications of this procedure are: bleeding ... In this procedure, bone grafts are used to reconstruct the nasal bridge. However, a second procedure is often needed after the ... For example, CT can be used to reveal widening of nasal bones. Diagnostics are mainly used before reconstructive surgery, for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontonasal_dysplasia

They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CA11

... premolar tooth and part of the adjacent bone and ligaments are removed A bolt-shaped structure is fashioned from the tooth-bone ... with the main risks being laminar resorption, particularly in allografts, and glaucoma. Another, bigger study comparing OOKP ... The cheek mucosal lining over the eye is opened and the inner contents of the eye are removed The tooth-bone-cylinder complex ... complex which is fitted with a plastic optical cylinder The tooth-bone-cylinder complex is implanted into the patient's cheek ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis

However, the problem is that these glucocorticoids reduce the creation of bone and induce the resorption of bone. They signal ... in bone formation during development and cause an increased amount of bone resorption causing the breaking down of bone tissue ... LIN-SU, K.; NEW, M. I. (2007-11-01). "Effects of Adrenal Steroids on the Bone Metabolism of Children with Congenital Adrenal ... This commonly leads to diseases such as osteopenia and osteoporosis in developing humans due to reduced bone mineral density ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_steroid

... participate in the regulation of bone cell proliferation and differentiation IL-11 causes bone-resorption. It stimulates the ... "Interleukin-11 receptor signaling is required for normal bone remodeling". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 20 (7): 1093- ... IL-11 is a cytokine and first isolated in 1990 from bone marrow-derived fibrocyte-like stromal cells. It was initially thought ... A murine knockout model has been produced for this particular gene, with initial studies involving IL11 role in bone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_11

... and ultimately leading to increased plasma calcium levels-through the resorption (breakdown) of bone[citation needed]. ... Han, Yujiao; You, Xiuling; Xing, Wenhui; Zhang, Zhong; Zou, Weiguo (2018). "Paracrine and endocrine actions of bone-the ... and bone marrow progenitor cells. M-CSF affects macrophages and monocytes in several ways, including stimulating increased ... "Failed renoprotection by alternatively activated bone marrow macrophages is due to a proliferation-dependent phenotype switch ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage_colony-stimulating_factor

The recovery phase occurs next, with resorption of the leaked fluid into the bloodstream. This usually lasts two to three days ... Furthermore, dysfunction of the bone marrow due to infection of the stromal cells leads to reduced numbers of platelets, which ... 1779-1780: 'Knokkel-koorts' in Batavia (now Jakarta, Indonesia) and 'break bone fever' in Philadelphia dengue in Oxford ... The term break-bone fever was applied by physician and United States Founding Father Benjamin Rush, in a 1789 report of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengue_fever

Also called "disappearing bone disease", although that name can refer to other forms of bone resorption too. Diabetic ... Some varieties are, save for bone, the structural components of cells and so of the body. Other varieties are enzymes, which ... There are several classes, which act at different points in the water resorption portion of the kidney tubule. Deoxyribonucleic ... Diabetic nephropathy See: Nephropathy Diabetic neuropathy See: Neuropathy Diabetic osteopathy Bone disease secondary to chronic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_diabetes

It is part of proton pumps in the plasma membranes of osteoclasts and aids with extracellular acidification in bone resorption ... is an essential component of the osteoclast-specific proton pump that mediates extracellular acidification in bone resorption ... ". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 24 (5): 871-85. doi:10.1359/jbmr.081239. PMC 2672205. PMID 19113919. Human ATP6V0D2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP6V0D2

Exogenous corticosteroids induce osteoporosis by increasing bone resorption and reducing bone formation. Bone loss can be ... Trabecular bone loss in the lumbar spine precedes cortical bone loss in the femoral neck. Allergic: allergic or ... Osteoporosis is a type of bone disease characterized by a loss of bone density, mass and architecture that leaves a patient ... "Osteoporosis Overview , NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center". www.bones.nih.gov. Retrieved 7 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylprednisolone

... bone fusion, or osteolysis (bone resorption). Although a 2011 research article stated that disagreements between hand surgeons ... and can include bone edema, bone erosions, and new bone growth. Most often psoriatic arthritis is seronegative for rheumatoid ... The bone edema in arthritis mutilans can be treated with TNF inhibitors in the short term: a 2007 study found that the bone ... Specifically, bone marrow edema can be detected within bone on T1-weighted images as poorly defined areas of low signal, with a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritis_mutilans

Markers of bone resorption predict hip fracture in elderly women: the EPIDOS Prospective Study. Download Prime PubMed App to ... Increased bone resorption predicted hip fracture independently of bone mass, i.e., after adjustment for femoral neck bone ... Increased bone resorption predicted hip fracture independently of bone mass, i.e., after adjustment for femoral neck bone ... Absorptiometry, PhotonAgedAged, 80 and overAmino AcidsBiomarkersBone DensityBone ResorptionCohort StudiesCollagenCollagen Type ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/8889854/Markers_of_bone_resorption_predict_hip_fracture_in_elderly_women:_the_EPIDOS_Prospective_Study_

... promotes osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via simultaneously decreasing bone formation and increasing bone resorption (26 ... ELISA analyses revealed that bone formation markers, ALP and osteocalcin, and bone resorption markers, TRAP-5b and CTX, were ... 5p-administered OVX-operated mice may be caused by a combination of increased bone formation and decreased bone resorption. ... A liver-bone endocrine relay by IGFBP1 promotes osteoclasto-genesis and mediates FGF21-induced bone resorption. Cell Metab. 22: ...

https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ijmm.2018.4017?text=fulltext

Retracted] Dynamic Evaluation of Orthodontically-Induced Tooth Movement, Root Resorption, and Alveolar Bone Remodeling in Rats ...

https://medscimonit.com/reprintOrder/index/idArt/912470

Dual targeting of SIK2/3 and CSF1R induces bone formation without concomitantly increasing bone resorption and thereby may ... Here we report that YKL-05-099 increases bone formation in hypogonadal female mice without increasing bone resorption. ... Dual targeting of salt inducible kinases and CSF1R uncouples bone formation and bone resorption. ... Dual targeting of salt inducible kinases and CSF1R uncouples bone formation and bone resorption ...

https://elifesciences.org/articles/67772v1

Replacement of an Upper Right Central Incisor with Root Resorption: Ridge Preservation, Early Placement of an RC Bone Level ... Replacement of an Upper Right Central Incisor with Root Resorption: Ridge Preservation, Early Placement of an RC Bone Level ... Replacement of an Ankylosed Upper Left Central Incisor: Bone Augmentation and Socket Grafting, Late Placement of an RC Bone ... Bone Level at Adjacent Teeth. ≤ 5 mm to contact point. 5.5 to 6.5 mm to contact point. > 7 mm to contact point. ...

https://www.iti.org/academy/clinical-applications/clinical-case-report/-/case/replacement-of-an-upper-right-central-incisor-with-root-resorption-ridge-preservation-early-placement-of-an-rc-bone-level-implant/54104?recFrom=10739&recFromId=178

Effect of glucagon-like peptide-2 exposure on bone resorption: Effectiveness of high concentration versus prolonged exposure. ... Effect of glucagon-like peptide-2 exposure on bone resorption: Effectiveness of high concentration versus prolonged exposure. ... T1 - Effect of glucagon-like peptide-2 exposure on bone resorption. T2 - Effectiveness of high concentration versus prolonged ... Effect of glucagon-like peptide-2 exposure on bone resorption : Effectiveness of high concentration versus prolonged exposure. ...

https://research.ku.dk/search/result/?pure=en%2Fpublications%2Feffect-of-glucagonlike-peptide2-exposure-on-bone-resorption

Expression of Heparanase by Primary Breast Tumors Promotes Bone Resorption in the Absence of Detectable Bone Metastases Thomas ... This increase in bone resorption releases numerous factors stored in the bone that fuels further tumor growth, thereby leading ... The finding that bone resorption is stimulated by breast cancer cells expressing high levels of heparanase before bone ... Although metastases to bones are not detected, surprisingly vigorous bone resorption is stimulated in animals bearing tumors ...

https://aacrjournals.org/cancerres/article/65/13/5778/518036/Expression-of-Heparanase-by-Primary-Breast-Tumors

Xanthine oxidase mediates cytokine-induced, but not hormone-induced bone resorption. J M Kanczler, T M Millar, T Bodamyali, D R ... Dive into the research topics of Xanthine oxidase mediates cytokine-induced, but not hormone-induced bone resorption. ...

https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/xanthine-oxidase-mediates-cytokine-induced-but-not-hormone-induce/fingerprints/?sortBy=alphabetically

Stern, P. H., & Bell, N. H. (1970). Effects of glucagon on serum calcium in the rat and on bone resorption in tissue culture. ... Stern, Paula H. ; Bell, Norman H. / Effects of glucagon on serum calcium in the rat and on bone resorption in tissue culture. ... Effects of glucagon on serum calcium in the rat and on bone resorption in tissue culture. / Stern, Paula H.; Bell, Norman H. ... Stern, PH & Bell, NH 1970, Effects of glucagon on serum calcium in the rat and on bone resorption in tissue culture, ...

https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/effects-of-glucagon-on-serum-calcium-in-the-rat-and-on-bone-resor

The data suggest that upregulation of RANKL on bone marrow cells is an important determinant of increased bone resorption ... The data suggest that upregulation of RANKL on bone marrow cells is an important determinant of increased bone resorption ... The data suggest that upregulation of RANKL on bone marrow cells is an important determinant of increased bone resorption ... The data suggest that upregulation of RANKL on bone marrow cells is an important determinant of increased bone resorption ...

https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/role-of-rank-ligand-in-mediating-increased-bone-resorption-in-ear

Targeting TSC1 represents a novel strategy to inhibit bone resorption and prevent bone loss-related diseases. ... Targeting TSC1 represents a novel strategy to inhibit bone resorption and prevent bone loss-related diseases.", ... Targeting TSC1 represents a novel strategy to inhibit bone resorption and prevent bone loss-related diseases. ... Targeting TSC1 represents a novel strategy to inhibit bone resorption and prevent bone loss-related diseases. ...

https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/tsc1-regulates-osteoclast-podosome-organization-and-bone-resorpti

The bone resorption activity of mature osteoclast was examined in osteoclasts cultured on a hydroxyapatite-coated culture plate ... Transcription factor and bone resorption marker mRNA levels were evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain ... These results demonstrate that WEMV inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption by suppressing the RANKL signaling pathway ... Furthermore, WEMV significantly attenuated osteoclast resorption activity and downregulated mRNA expression of resorption ...

https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-016-1295-6/figures/5

Supplementation with a low-moderate dose of n-3 long-chain PUFA has no short-term effect on bone resorption in human adults. ... Supplementation with a low-moderate dose of n-3 long-chain PUFA has no short-term effect on bone resorption in human adults. In ... Supplementation with a low-moderate dose of n-3 long-chain PUFA has no short-term effect on bone resorption in human adults. / ... Supplementation with a low-moderate dose of n-3 long-chain PUFA has no short-term effect on bone resorption in human adults. ...

https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/supplementation-with-a-low-moderate-dose-of-n-3-long-chain-pufa-h

High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilisation-induced bone resorption and protein losses ... High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilisation-induced bone resorption and protein losses. ... High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilisation-induced bone resorption and protein losses. Journal of Applied ... high salt intake, bed rest, bone loss, protein wasting, acid base balance. ...

https://elib.dlr.de/74897/

Bone resorption is often a feature of such diseases, and monocytes are frequently found at sites of localized bone resorption. ... Preliminary experiments with monocyte-conditioned medium indicated that MCF could stimulate bone resorption. We therefore ... Bone resorption is often a feature of such diseases, and monocytes are frequently found at sites of localized bone resorption. ... Preliminary experiments with monocyte-conditioned medium indicated that MCF could stimulate bone resorption. We therefore ...

https://www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk/publications/1066918

Syk, c-Src, the αvβ3 integrin, and ITAM immunoreceptors, in concert, regulate osteoclastic bone resorption Wei Zou, Wei Zou ... Syk regulates bone resorption by its inclusion with the αvβ3 integrin and c-Src in a signaling complex, which is generated only ... Bone resorption induced by parathyroid hormone is strikingly diminished in collagenase-resistant mutant mice. J. Clin. Invest. ... Bone resorption induced by parathyroid hormone is strikingly diminished in collagenase-resistant mutant mice. J. Clin. Invest. ...

https://rupress.org/jcb/article/176/6/877/34479/Syk-c-Src-the-v-3-integrin-and-ITAM

Dive into the research topics of Vitamin K1 intake is associated with higher bone mineral density and reduced bone resorption ... Vitamin K1 intake is associated with higher bone mineral density and reduced bone resorption in early postmenopausal Scottish ... Vitamin K1 intake is associated with higher bone mineral density and reduced bone resorption in early postmenopausal Scottish ... Vitamin K1 intake is associated with higher bone mineral density and reduced bone resorption in early postmenopausal Scottish ...

https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/vitamin-ksub1sub-intake-is-associated-with-higher-bone-mineral-de

This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience ...

https://compmech.unipv.it/tag/bone-resorption/

... raloxifene regulates osteoclast development of time ago as bone resorption assay protocol. ... 115 Bone culture bone differences 116 media 10 oxygen in 116 protocols. XN markedly inhibited bone issue and resorption by ... One clinical director of bone formation: bone resorption assay protocol of ion channels. In vitro resorption assay protocol. ... A bone resorption assay was carried out in vitro using bone slices RT-PCR was. The purification of Tregs was assessed by flow ...

https://officecomsetup.site/resorption_protocol/bone_protocol_resorption_assay.qvk

Light, a TNF-superfamily member, induces osteoclast formation in vitro; A novel mediator of bone resorption? ... Light, a TNF-superfamily member, induces osteoclast formation in vitro; A novel mediator of bone resorption? ...

https://www.nds.ox.ac.uk/publications/103946

Tags Basic, bone formation, Bone mechanoregulation, bone remodeling, bone resorption, diabetes, ECTS, ECTS 2021, loading, ... bone resorption Investigating and analysing the effects of extracellular pH on osteoclast biology. 31 October 2021. 1 July 2021 ... Tags AKT-mTOR, bisphosphonate, bone resorption, burn injury, clinical research, muscle, myoblast, myotube, pamidronate, TGF- ... Tissue-level mechanical stimuli drive bone formation and resorption in humans and mice. 31 October 2021. 4 June 2021. Matthias ...

https://www.huble.org/tag/bone-resorption/

Decrease in bone supporting the roots of teeth, which is a common result of periodontal disease. ... Bone Resorption. By asw on December 3, 2013 in Decrease in bone supporting the roots of teeth, which is a common result of ...

https://www.sodental.com/glossary/bone-resorption/

... they lead to a variable degree of alveolar bone resorption. Raloxifene is an agonist in bone, and acts inhibiting bone loss. ... Under normal circumstances, bone volume and mass are held constant by bone resorption and apposition processes 1. Nevertheless ... In vitro, raloxifene plays a role in the modulation of bone homeostasis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, ... as different studies have reported bone resorption due to bone exposure by flap displacement 3,5,7. Yaffe et al. 4 conducted a ...

http://revodonto.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-44422015000200004

These bone losses are called jaw bone atrophy.. What are the Causes of Jaw Bone Loss?. After tooth extraction, the jawbone ... Can You Get an Implant After Jaw Bone Loss?. To patients with jaw bone loss, an implant can be applied as long as enough ... How Long Does The Jaw Bone Loss Treatment Take?. If treatment with the box technique is applied to the patients with jaw bone ... Thanks to the Box technique, the dentist could control the bone loss, and then the bone becomes suitable for prostheses by ...

https://www.dentram.com/en/treatments/oral-surgery/facial-maxillofacial-surgery/jaw-bone-resorption/

Dental implants and continued dental care in San Jose can effectively prevent bone loss and protect patients dental health and ... Understanding Bone Resorption. Bone resorption, also known as bone loss, is a natural process that can occur when a tooth is ... Dental implants are made of titanium, which is a metal that can fuse with the bone to become part of its structure. As the ... It is essential that bone loss be avoided because it can lead to a weaker and malformed jawbone, which may soon affect a ...

https://www.sanjosecomfortdental.com/2016/11/28/understanding-bone-resorption/

Bone resorption is the process of braking down the bones into its mineral and collagenous constituents through a cellular ... What Is Bone Resorption?. Bone resorption is the process of breaking down the bones into its mineral and collagenous ... Bone resorption is the process of braking down the bones into its mineral and collagenous constituents through a cellular ... In order to explain the process of bone resorption, it is first vital to understand the structure of a bone and its cellular ...

https://owlcation.com/stem/The-process-of-bone-resorption-explained

Osteoclastic Bone Resorption. Bone remodeling is a lifelong process of bone degradation and formation important for bone ... Autophagy proteins regulate the secretory component of osteoclastic bone resorption. Dev Cell (2011) 21:966. doi:10.1016/j. ... Osteoclasts cooperate with osteoblasts in bone remodeling in which osteoclasts are responsible for bone degradation and ... and eventually have impaired bone resorption. Importantly, development of osteoclasts was not aberrant indicating that the ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2016.00251/full

Find your preferred Bone Resorption Inhibitors right here. ... Bone Resorption Inhibitors. Largest database listed for your ... Home - Human - Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents - Miscellaneous Autonomic Drugs - Bone Resorption Inhibitors. Bone Resorption ...

https://www.catalog.md/drugs-categories/bone-resorption-inhibitors.html

It inhibits osteoclast formation, decreases bone resorption, increases bone mineral density (BMD), and reduces the risk of ... Hypocalcemia results if the rate of skeletal mineralization exceeds the rate of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. ... this effect is presumably mediated by inhibition of bone resorption. Overfluorinated public water supplies and ingestion of ... and mediates PTH-stimulated bone reabsorption. Calcitonin lowers calcium by targeting bone, renal, and GI losses. ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/241893-20096/what-is-type-ib-pseudohypoparathyroidism

As a dynamic metabolic system, bone modeling or remodeling is modulated by two major bone cells: Osteoblasts, which are able to secrete bone matrix and accelerate calcium (Ca) deposition, and osteoclasts, which are responsible for resolving mineralized bone matrix ( 1 - 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In the process of bone maintenance and repair, extracellular signaling transduction between osteoblasts and osteoclasts serves a crucial role in bone homeo-stasis ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Reorganization of the podosome into the sealing zone is crucial for osteoclasts (OCLs) to resorb bone, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. (edu.au)
Osteoclasts with bone resorbing function were obtained from coculture of BMCs and calvarial osteoblasts. (biomedcentral.com)
Syk −/− osteoclasts fail to organize their cytoskeleton, and, as such, their bone-resorptive capacity is arrested. (rupress.org)
This defect results in increased skeletal mass in Syk −/− embryos and dampened basal and stimulated bone resorption in chimeric mice whose osteoclasts lack the kinase. (rupress.org)
Formation of osteoclasts on calcium phosphate bone cements and polystyrene depends on monocyte isolation conditions. (officecomsetup.site)
Since osteoclasts leave pits after bone matrix resorption Charles et al. (officecomsetup.site)
This will facilitate osteoclasts the easy access to the mineral dense portion of the bone. (owlcation.com)
This will be facilitated by various chemical messengers released at the site of immature forms of osteoclasts (preosteoclasts) in the bone matrix. (owlcation.com)
During this first step, many preosteoclasts mature into osteoclasts, which are able to de-mineralize the bone. (owlcation.com)
Once activated, the osteoclasts can secrete various enzymes including collagenases that are capable of digesting the mineralized bone and its collagen. (owlcation.com)
As a result of osteoclasts invading the periosteum, the densely mineralized bone will break into its constituents while minerals such as calcium gets released to the blood circulation. (owlcation.com)
When the osteoclasts become highly active and appear abundant in the bony matrix, the most likely result would be an increased destruction of the bone at a rate higher than its formation. (owlcation.com)
This study investigated the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on osteoclast formation and bone resorption in RAW 264.7 murine pre-osteoclasts. (satnt.ac.za)
Arthritic hTNFα tg mice transplanted with Atg7 fl/fl ×LysMCre + bone marrow cells (BMC) showed reduced numbers of osteoclasts and were protected from TNFα-induced bone erosion, proteoglycan loss and chondrocyte death. (bmj.com)
1 Osteoclasts are the major cellular mediators of bone degradation in RA, which results in articular erosions and systemic osteoporosis. (bmj.com)
In this context, osteoclast precursors and mature osteoclasts are abundant at sites of arthritic bone erosions. (bmj.com)
In the present study we utilized a well-known human breast cancer cell line (MDA-231) in order to assess its capability to influence osteoclastogenesis in human bone marrow cultures and bone resorption in fully differentiated osteoclasts. (unifg.it)
Bone resorption activity of fully differentiated human osteoclasts and of osteoclast-like cell lines, from giant cell tumors of bone (GCT), was highly increased by the presence of MDA-231 CM. Moreover, while MDA-231 by themselves did not produce IL-6 tumor cell, CM increased the secretion of IL-6 by primary human osteoclasts and GCT cell lines compared to untreated controls. (unifg.it)
The contribution of osteoclasts to the process of bone loss in inflammatory arthritis has recently been demonstrated. (umassmed.edu)
In conclusion, we demonstrated that icariin has an in vitro inhibitory effects on osteoclasts differentiation that can prevent inflammatory bone loss. (elsevier.com)
Bone biopsies in patients with Paget disease have demonstrated antigens from several different Paramyxoviridae viruses, including measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus, located within osteoclasts. (medscape.com)
Paget disease begins with the lytic phase, in which normal bone is resorbed by osteoclasts that are more numerous, are larger, and have many more nuclei (up to 100) than normal osteoclasts (5-10 nuclei). (medscape.com)
The longer the duration of menopause, the more estradiol function decreases, which causes osteoclasts to become active in bone resorption [3]. (bvsalud.org)
At the cellular level, alendronate shows preferential localization to sites of bone resorption, specifically under osteoclasts. (rxdrugnews.com)
The osteoclasts adhere normally to the bone surface but lack the ruffled border that is indicative of active resorption. (rxdrugnews.com)
Thus, alendronate must be continuously administered to suppress osteoclasts on newly formed resorption surfaces. (rxdrugnews.com)

Conversely, augmentation of miR‑100‑5p using a specific agomir in OVX‑operated mice decreased the levels of FGF21 in the serum and liver, and prevented osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. (spandidos-publications.com)
For example, overexpression of miR-34a, miR-125a and miR-503 inhibits osteoclastogenesis to rescue bone loss ( 9 , 11 , 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Conversely, miR-214 promotes osteoclastogenesis, and inhibits osteoblast differentiation and bone formation ( 10 , 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Data obtained suggests an inhibitory effect of these compounds on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in the cell line tested. (satnt.ac.za)
MEF2C regulates osteoclastogenesis and pathologic bone resorption via c-FOS. (cornell.edu)

Hematoxylin and eosin and tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase staining were performed to analyze the trabecular bone microstructure and osteoclast differentiation. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results revealed that in vitro osteoclast differentiation and in vivo bone resorption were suppressed by miR‑100‑5p overexpression. (spandidos-publications.com)
Benzydamine inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone. (officecomsetup.site)
Conclusions These findings demonstrate that autophagy is activated in RA in a TNFα-dependent manner and regulates osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. (bmj.com)
Here we show that intrinsic ageing of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) 2 in mice alters signalling in the bone marrow niche and skews the differentiation of bone and blood lineages, leading to fragile bones that regenerate poorly. (nature.com)
Our hypothesis is that icariin can inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by suppressing MAPKs/NF-κB regulated HIF-1α and PGE 2 synthesis. (elsevier.com)

Increased bone resorption predicted hip fracture independently of bone mass, i.e., after adjustment for femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and independently of mobility status assessed by the gait speed. (unboundmedicine.com)
Design: We measured bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) risk and a cohort of Scottish women aged 49-54 y in 1990-1994 (baseline) and in 1997-2000 (visit 2). (elsevier.com)
Thus, resorption is an essential part of maintaining required density of a particular bone. (owlcation.com)
Evaluation of bone mineral status can utilize measures of total bone mineral content and bone mineral density. (cdc.gov)
Further, porosity reduces metal density and Young module, which causes bone resorption, leading to implant failure, phenomenon known as stress shielding. (conicet.gov.ar)
These data suggest (1) even brief sleep restriction and circadian disruption can adversely affect bone metabolism, and (2) there is no P1NP recovery with ongoing exposure that, taken together, could lead to lower bone density over time. (cdc.gov)
Bone mineral density measurements were carried out using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at both the lumbar spine [AP: L1-L4] and femoral hip (neck, trochanter). (who.int)
To analyze the relationship between age, body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), and alveolar bone resorption with menopause duration in postmenopausal women. (bvsalud.org)
The longer the duration of menopause showed a tendency for lower bone density and higher age, BMI, and bone resorption. (bvsalud.org)
Osteoporosis is characterized by bone mineral density (BMD), thus increasing bone fragility and fracture risk. (bvsalud.org)
Bone density loss is a problem for astronauts on long spaceflights, such as to Mars and back. (spaceandplanetarynewswire.com)
Researchers at the University of California, Davis College of Engineering have developed a transgenic, or genetically modified, lettuce producing a drug to protect against bone density loss in microgravity. (spaceandplanetarynewswire.com)
These power relationships, which were shown to hold for all bone in the skeleton, allow meaningful predictions of bone tissue strength and stiffness based on in vivo density measurements. (lievers.net)
Tensile testing of bone over a wide range of strain rates: effects of strain rate, microstructure and density. (lievers.net)
Cortical bone in man, I: variation of the amount and density with age and sex. (lievers.net)
Bone compressive strength: the influence of density and strain rate. (lievers.net)
What foods destroy bone density? (popularask.net)
What is the fastest way to increase bone density? (popularask.net)
Keep reading for tips on increasing bone density naturally. (popularask.net)
Does Reclast build bone density? (popularask.net)
Fosamax and other drugs such as Actonel, Boniva, and Reclast increase bone density and help prevent and treat osteoporosis and/or reduce the risk of fractures. (popularask.net)
How much does Reclast improve bone density? (popularask.net)
Loss of bone mineral density is associated with low polyunsaturated n-3 levels in adults of all ages. (algaecal.com)
A study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition of healthy young men showed concentrations of EPA and DHA were positively associated with total bone mineral density (BMD) and spine BMD. (algaecal.com)
Women with osteoporosis had a far lower intake of EPA and DHA than women with normal bone density or those with osteopenia. (algaecal.com)
To be eligible for the successful placement of dental implants, the patient must have good oral health and jaw bone density to support the implant. (christensendental.com)
Zygomatic implants are an alternate solution to restoring lost bone density with a bone grafting procedure. (christensendental.com)
During the placement of zygomatic implants, the implant is anchored in the zygoma bone, a part of the jawbone adjacent to the cheek, and is known for its high density. (christensendental.com)
While we treat older patients and we believe it is never too late to improve a smile, the patient needs to have sufficient bone density to support a dental implant. (chiudentalcare.com)

Baseline samples were collected prior to fracture for the measurement of two markers of bone formation and three urinary markers of bone resorption: type I collagen cross-linked N- (NTX) or C-telopeptide (CTX) and free deoxypyridinoline (free D-Pyr). (unboundmedicine.com)
abstract = 'In healthy subjects, subcutaneous injections of GLP-2 have been shown to elicit dose-related decrease in the bone resorption marker, carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and have been proposed for the treatment of osteoporosis. (ku.dk)
Moreover, in the merged groups, RANKL expression per cell correlated directly with the bone resorption markers, serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen and urine N-telopeptide of type I collagen, in all three cell types and inversely with serum 17β-estradiol for total RANKL-expressing cells. (elsevier.com)
First, hydroxyproline is check in all collagens, not being type I collagen, the type then in bone. (officecomsetup.site)
The changes in 25(OH)D 3 , whole parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum pentosidine, and the bone turnover markers urinary cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX), serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP)-5b, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and undercarboxylated osteocalcin were evaluated. (dovepress.com)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate root resorption and alveolar bone resorption pattern by jiggling movement. (koreamed.org)
Root resorption pattern was not different between jiggling force and unidirectional force. (koreamed.org)

The results indicate that inhibition of bone resorption may be a factor in the hypocalcemic response to glucagon. (northwestern.edu)
Otto f se, resorption assay allows them were also containing marine collagen structures in the inhibition of rankl to some. (officecomsetup.site)
These results suggest that sodium salicylate has an inhibitory effect on the recruitment of osteoclast-like MNCs and that this inhibition is greater during the later stage of mouse bone marrow culture. (ui.ac.id)
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may interfere with calcium absorption through induction of hypochlorhydria but they also may reduce bone resorption through inhibition of osteoclastic vacuolar proton pumps. (nih.gov)

Stern, PH & Bell, NH 1970, ' Effects of glucagon on serum calcium in the rat and on bone resorption in tissue culture ', Endocrinology , vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 111-117. (northwestern.edu)
Serum samples from 113 mild-moderately depressed individuals (twenty-six males and eighty-seven females, aged 18-67 years) randomised to receive 1·48 g EPA+DHA/d (n 53) or placebo (n 60) for 12 weeks as part of a large recent randomised controlled trial were assayed for n-3 PUFA status and a bone resorption marker, C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen (β-CTX). (bris.ac.uk)
At visit 2, bone markers (urinary pyridinoline crosslinks and serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen) were measured, 3199 women completed a food-frequency questionnaire, and 2721 women were genotyped for APOE. (elsevier.com)
These agents decrease the movement of calcium from bone to serum. (medscape.com)
Halleen JM, Ranta R 2001 Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase as a Serum Marker of Bone Resorption . (oncobone.com)
Measurement of serum alkaline phosphatase-in some cases, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP)-along with several urinary markers, can be useful in the diagnosis of Paget disease. (medscape.com)
Flexor digitorum muscles and tendons, forelimb bones, and serum were assayed using ELISA for indicators of inflammation, tissue stress and repair, and bone turnover. (cdc.gov)
Serum bone alkaline phosphatase is a marker of bone formation and urinary N-telopeptides are markers of bone resorption. (cdc.gov)
For NHANES 2001, the HybritechTandem-MP Ostase ImmunoEnzymetric assay was used for quantitative measurement of Bone Alkaline Phosphatase (BAP), an indicator of osteoblastic activity, in human serum. (cdc.gov)
This study demonstrated that serum 25(OH)D 3 became significantly decreased after only 4 months of BP treatment in Japanese osteoporotic patients and confirmed that MIN more strongly inhibited bone turnover as compared with RIS. (dovepress.com)
Introduction: A serum bone formation marker (procollagen type 1 N-terminal, P1NP) was lower after approximately 3 weeks of sleep restriction combined with circadian disruption. (cdc.gov)

Here we report that YKL-05-099 increases bone formation in hypogonadal female mice without increasing bone resorption. (elifesciences.org)
Postnatal mice with inducible, global deletion of SIK2 and SIK3 show increased bone mass, increased bone formation, and, distinct from the effects of YKL-05-099, increased bone resorption. (elifesciences.org)
Rapamycin and active Rac1/Cdc42 restore podosome organization and bone resorption and alleviate osteopetrotic phenotypes in mutant mice. (edu.au)
Conclusion: In this study, raloxifene did not inhibit alveolar bone resorption following MFS in male mice. (bvsalud.org)
The extent of bone and cartilage destruction was analysed in human tumour necrosis factor α transgenic (hTNFα tg) mice after adoptive transfer with myeloid specific Atg7-deficient bone marrow. (bmj.com)
Single-cell RNA-sequencing studies link the functional loss to a diminished transcriptomic diversity of SSCs in aged mice, which thereby contributes to the transformation of the bone marrow niche. (nature.com)
Exposure to a youthful circulation through heterochronic parabiosis or systemic reconstitution with young haematopoietic stem cells did not reverse the diminished osteochondrogenic activity of aged SSCs, or improve bone mass or skeletal healing parameters in aged mice. (nature.com)
Deficient bone regeneration in aged mice could only be returned to youthful levels by applying a combinatorial treatment of BMP2 and a CSF1 antagonist locally to fractures, which reactivated aged SSCs and simultaneously ablated the inflammatory, pro-osteoclastic milieu. (nature.com)
We have previously reported that bone resorption induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in TNFR2-deficient mice is accelerated compared to that in wild-type (WT) mice. (elsevier.com)
Injections of human TNF-α (hTNF), an agonist of mouse TNFR1, stimulated bone resorption lacunae on the calvariae in WT mice, but mouse TNF-α (mTNF), an agonist of both mouse TNFR1 and TNFR2, could not. (elsevier.com)
Injection of mTNF resulted in clear bone resorption lacunae to the same extent observed after using hTNF in the TNFR2-deficient mice. (elsevier.com)
Studies in mice on the localization of radioactive [ 3 H]alendronate in bone showed about 10-fold higher uptake on osteoclast surfaces than on osteoblast surfaces. (rxdrugnews.com)
Bones examined 6 and 49 days after [ 3 H]alendronate administration in rats and mice, respectively, showed that normal bone was formed on top of the alendronate, which was incorporated inside the matrix. (rxdrugnews.com)

Bone formation and resorption are typically coupled, such that the efficacy of anabolic osteoporosis treatments may be limited by bone destruction. (elifesciences.org)
Dual targeting of SIK2/3 and CSF1R induces bone formation without concomitantly increasing bone resorption and thereby may overcome limitations of most current anabolic osteoporosis therapies. (elifesciences.org)
Osteoporosis drastically affects the quality of life in menopausal women and patients affected by rheumatic inflammatory diseases, has significant economic repercussions, and increases the mortality associated with fractures provoked as a result of pathological and exacerbated bone resorption. (rochester.edu)
Icariin has been reported to enhance bone healing and treat osteoporosis. (elsevier.com)
[ 3 ] Paget disease, as the condition came to be known, is the second most common bone disorder (after osteoporosis) in elderly persons. (medscape.com)
The primary goals of osteoporosis (OP) treatment are the prevention of bone fragility fractures and maintenance of skeletal health. (dovepress.com)
Uncoupling of bone formation and resorption by combined o estrogen and progestagen therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis. (bvsalud.org)
Although it does not cause death, menopause can decrease quality of life and lead to degenerative diseases especially bone loss or osteoporosis [2]. (bvsalud.org)
The loss of bone mass can also occur due to factors like periodontal disease, osteoporosis, diabetes, chemo treatment, or radiation treatment. (christensendental.com)

TSC1 deletion in OCLs reduced podosome belt formation in vitro and sealing zone formation in vivo, leading to bone resorption deficiency and osteopetrosis. (edu.au)
An interleukin 1 like factor stimulates bone resorption in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
OsteoLyseTM Bone Resorption Assay Kit This assay provides an prove to use protocol for quantitatively measuring in vitro osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. (officecomsetup.site)
Mon inhibited hydroxyapatite resorption in vitro. (officecomsetup.site)
Salicylates are reported to have an inhibitory effect on bone resorption in vivo and in vitro. (ui.ac.id)

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine alveolar bone resorption by measuring alveolar bone height in the mandible of partially edentulous female patients through panoramic radiograph Material and Methods: The method of this study was descriptive using 34 panoramic radiographs of partially edentulous mandible in female patients aged 20-45 years in Dental Radiology Installation of Unpad Dental Hospital from 2016 to 2017. (jdmfs.org)
Conclusion: Alveolar bone height in partially edentulous mandible of female patients underwent resorption of mild classification according to proximal RABL method. (jdmfs.org)
Lack of retention and stability are the main complaints in complete removable mandibular dentures due to the continuous bone resorption in edentulous subjects. (bvsalud.org)
In this area, the pneumatization of Higmoro's antrum on one side and the edentulous alveolar process resorption on the other compete to make implant anchorage prosthetic rehabilitation impossible. (asadental.it)
A sliding bridge flap (SBF) was used in cases which were totally edentulous and had a reduced sulcus depth due to alveolar resorption. (intelligentdental.com)

Increased bone turnover has been suggested as a potential risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. (unboundmedicine.com)
Elderly women are characterized by increased bone turnover, and some markers of bone resorption predict the subsequent risk of hip fracture independently of hip BMD. (unboundmedicine.com)
Conclusions: Vitamin K, intake was associated with markers of bone health, but no interaction was observed with APOE alleles on BMD or markers of bone turnover. (elsevier.com)
Both substances stop bone turnover for multiple mechanisms, particularly by influencing OC and OB. (officecomsetup.site)
Bone turnover rates increase to as much as 20 times normal. (medscape.com)
All bone turnover markers were significantly decreased at 4 months in both groups. (dovepress.com)
4 We previously compared the early changes in bone turnover markers between MIN and RIS and found MIN to more strongly and immediately inhibit bone turnover. (dovepress.com)
Histomorphometry in baboons and rats showed that alendronate treatment reduces bone turnover (i.e., the number of sites at which bone is remodeled). (rxdrugnews.com)

And function with osteoclastogensis and hydroxyapatite resorption assays. (officecomsetup.site)
A 70-kg person has approximately 1.2 kg of calcium in the body, more than 99% of which is stored as hydroxyapatite in bones. (medscape.com)
Bisphosphonates are analogues of inorganic pyrophosphate and act by binding to hydroxyapatite in bone matrix, thereby inhibiting the dissolution of crystals. (medscape.com)
The drug is adsorbed onto calcium pyrophosphate crystals and may block the dissolution of these crystals, also known as hydroxyapatite, which are an important mineral component of bone. (medscape.com)
Bisphosphonates are synthetic analogs of pyrophosphate that bind to the hydroxyapatite found in bone. (rxdrugnews.com)

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of miR‑100‑5p on the mechanism of liver‑bone endocrine metabolism. (spandidos-publications.com)
The present study revealed that FGF21 may be a signal molecule associated with the mechanism of liver‑bone endocrine metabolism and may be targeted by miR‑100‑5p. (spandidos-publications.com)
Several in vivo experimental models evaluating the effects of mechanical loading on bone metabolism have been reported. (bvsalud.org)
Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism , 29 (6), 671-681. (elsevier.com)
The important regulatory hormones in bone metabolism are 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 and parathyroid hormone (PTH). (dovepress.com)
These data suggest even brief exposure to sleep and circadian disruptions may disrupt bone metabolism. (cdc.gov)
Calcium metabolism, in turn, is tightly regulated by a series of hormones that affect not only the entry of calcium into the extracellular space from bone and the GI tract but also control its excretion from the kidneys. (medscape.com)
Bone metabolism is dynamic, in concert with Wolff's law, and a normal subchondral bone plate displays the same capacity to increase in thickness according to physiologic loading [3]. (faoj.org)
Recent research suggests that an alkaline environment is important for healthy bone as well as healthy calcium, oxalate and uric acid metabolism. (clinical-nutrients.com)
Tri-Alkali supportshealthy acid-alkaline balance and provides specific support for bone health and healthy kidney oxalate and uric acid metabolism. (clinical-nutrients.com)

Elderly women had increased bone formation and resorption compared with healthy premenopausal women. (unboundmedicine.com)
Among the cells present in the bony matrix, some contributes towards the formation and maintenance of the bone while other cells facilitate breakdown of the same. (owlcation.com)
In a healthy individual, the bone formation takes place until adulthood and thereafter a process known as 're-modeling' will take over. (owlcation.com)
Effect of cytokines on osteoclast formation and bone resorption during mechanical force loading of the periodontal membrane. (bvsalud.org)
These results suggest that osteoclast formation and bone resorption caused by loading forces on the periodontal ligament depend on TNF-α. (bvsalud.org)
In this review we describe and discuss the effect of cytokines in the periodontal ligament on osteoclast formation and bone resorption during mechanical force loading. (bvsalud.org)
Pit formation and bone-resorption area on the bone slices were also inhibited by adding sodium salicylate continuously with 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 . (ui.ac.id)
We demonstrated that conditioned medium (CM) harvested from MDA-231 increased the formation of multinucleated TRAP-positive cells in bone marrow cultures. (unifg.it)
These data suggest that MDA-231 produce osteoclastic activating factor(s) that increase both osteoclast formation in bone marrow culture and bone resorption activity by mature cells. (unifg.it)
Paget disease is a localized disorder of bone remodeling that typically begins with excessive bone resorption followed by an increase in bone formation. (medscape.com)
The second phase, the mixed phase, is characterized by rapid increases in bone formation from numerous osteoblasts. (medscape.com)
The newly made bone is abnormal, however, with collagen fibers deposited in a haphazard fashion rather than linearly, as with normal bone formation. (medscape.com)
Combined pattern of bone resorption and new bone formation appeared in jiggling group. (koreamed.org)
New bone formation began to appear at periapical area of jiggling group after 24 days, because alveolar bone resorption was severe and extrusion resulted. (koreamed.org)
Rapid suppression of bone formation marker in response to sleep restriction and circadian disruption in men. (cdc.gov)
Summary: We describe the time course of bone formation marker (P1NP) decline in men exposed to approximately 3 weeks of sleep restriction with concurrent circadian disruption. (cdc.gov)
In addition, bone formation exceeds bone resorption at these remodeling sites, leading to progressive gains in bone mass. (rxdrugnews.com)
By slowing or stopping the bone-resorbing portion of the remodeling cycle, bisphosphonates allow new bone formation to catch up with bone resorption. (popularask.net)
Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody (IgG2) whose mechanism of action inhibits osteoclast formation, function and survival, causing a decrease in bone resorption. (bvsalud.org)
Plus, EPA and DHA boost the production and activity of osteoblasts, thus increasing the rate of new bone formation. (algaecal.com)
[1] The disease further leads to gingival bleeding, periodontal pocket formation, connective tissue destruction, and alveolar bone resorption, ultimately causing tooth loss, which is one of the major reasons for tooth loss in adults. (ijohsjournal.org)
Typically in cats with hyperplastic feline juvenile gingivitis, periodontitis changes, including alveolar bone loss, gingival resorption, pocket formation, or root exposure, are not seen initially but may result when proper treatment is not initiated early. (veterinaryonlinecourses.com)
Therefore, this study aimed to identify the onset of chondrification and ossification of the wing bones also to summarize the main histological sequences related to the formation of the humerus in Japanese quail. (vetmedmosul.com)
Bone growth starts with cartilage formation. (unizg.hr)

Thanks to the Box technique, the dentist could control the bone loss, and then the bone becomes suitable for prostheses by applying an implant. (dentram.com)
Can You Get an Implant After Jaw Bone Loss? (dentram.com)
To patients with jaw bone loss, an implant can be applied as long as enough jawbone is left. (dentram.com)
The ONLY tooth replacement option that can stimulate bone is a dental implant. (texas-dental-implants.com)
Patients who wear dentures for a long time before seeking dental implants may struggle with a jaw bone that cannot properly support the dental implant. (chiudentalcare.com)
With a mini-dental implant, the metal post is shorter, requiring less bone structure to secure the implant. (chiudentalcare.com)
Over the course of several months, your body will begin to deposit bone around the implant. (smilesdentaltracy.com)
They then drill a hole into the bone where the implant will be placed. (dentaly.org)

These include chronic gum (periodontal) disease, a progressive bone infection known as chronic osteomyelitis, and an eye disease called open-angle glaucoma. (medlineplus.gov)
The process used to rebuild or reshape bone and soft supporting tissue destroyed by periodontal disease is bone grafting or regenerative surgery. (imperio.ca)

The proposed algorithm was verified by comparing simulation results with the analytical results of a simple geometry and biological in vivo data of bone substitutes. (usherbrooke.ca)
Bone deformation recorded in vivo from strain gauges attached to the human tibial shaft. (lievers.net)
Cameron JR, Sorenson J. Measurement of bone mineral in vivo: an improved method. (lievers.net)

After tooth extraction, the bone surrounding the root begins to dissolve rapidly. (dentram.com)
Bone resorption, also known as bone loss, is a natural process that can occur when a tooth is lost. (sanjosecomfortdental.com)
Orthodontic tooth movement is a useful model for understanding the mechanism of bone remodeling induced by mechanical loading. (bvsalud.org)
This is because after a tooth is lost the bone will atrophy and the cheek will collapse into the open space. (texas-dental-implants.com)
The opposite teeth will move through the bone to try contact the missing tooth. (texas-dental-implants.com)
When a tooth is lost the bone that once supported the tooth is no longer needed. (texas-dental-implants.com)
The gum is retracted to open access to the bone and root, then the bone defects are removed and the gum tissue is sutured back around the tooth. (imperio.ca)
A flap is reflected (gum is slightly lifted away from the tooth), and a small amount of bone is trimmed away, just like a cavity would be drilled. (imperio.ca)
Cases, for example, of dysodontiasis for which it is necessary to open a bone gap, cut a tooth (if needed) in order to be able to remove it safely and as less traumatically as possible. (asadental.it)
Tooth loss leads to resorption so the jawbone will change, and this can lead to ill-fitting and uncomfortable dentures. (truehealthdental.com)

During the dissection process, the periosteum is detached from the alveolar bone, leading to a resorptive phase due to the stimulation offered by osteoclastic activity and loss of bone crest 2-4 . (bvsalud.org)
Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity. (bvsalud.org)

The multi-kinase inhibitor YKL-05-099 potently inhibits salt inducible kinases (SIKs) and may represent a promising new class of bone anabolic agents. (elifesciences.org)
WEMV inhibits bone resorption. (biomedcentral.com)
IJMS Free Full-Text Aesculetin Inhibits Osteoclastic Bone. (officecomsetup.site)
Furosemide inhibits the resorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of Henle and the proximal and distal tubules of the kidney. (medscape.com)
Zoledronate inhibits bone resorption. (medscape.com)

In tissue culture experiments with embryonic rat bone labeled with 45 Ca, glucagon inhibited the release of 46Ca induced with either parathyroid hormone or dibutyryl- 3′, 5′-adenosine monophosphate. (northwestern.edu)
In tissue culture experiments with embryonic rat bone labeled with 45Ca, glucagon inhibited the release of 46Ca induced with either parathyroid hormone or dibutyryl- 3′, 5′-adenosine monophosphate. (northwestern.edu)
Bone is a dynamic tissue with high remodeling capacity in response to the body's metabolic requirements. (bvsalud.org)
In most cases, performance of the HRHF task induced the greatest tissue degenerative changes, while performance of moderate level tasks induced bone adaptation and a suggestion of muscle adaptation. (cdc.gov)
It is also involved in bone resorption, the breakdown and removal of bone tissue that is no longer needed. (medlineplus.gov)
Through both surgical and non-surgical procedures our specialists are skilled in reversing bone & tissue damage, gum grafts to cover exposed roots, reduce a gummy smile or re-contour an uneven gum line. (imperio.ca)
Resulting cellular activation collectively contribute to tissue destruction and bone resorption with the release of inflammatory mediators like cytokines, chemokines etc. [ 4 ]. (rroij.com)
Dynamic response of bone and muscle tissue. (lievers.net)
Bone tissue is the most common metastatic site for solid tumors. (bvsalud.org)
During the people, the alterations off bones and you will muscle tissue while in the adolescence are reigned over from the the fresh increasing levels of testosterone and IGF-1, which produce enhanced muscle mass and strength. (clinicadereabilitacaoduquedecaxias.com)
The blend from large deformation forces plus the highest flexing moments due to longitudinal development contributes to a bone tissue increases pattern dominated from the periosteal apposition. (clinicadereabilitacaoduquedecaxias.com)

The data suggest that upregulation of RANKL on bone marrow cells is an important determinant of increased bone resorption induced by estrogen deficiency. (elsevier.com)
From inside the people, with low levels out-of testosterone, and higher estrogen levels, bone bulk, but not full mix-sectional town, tends to improve faster when it comes to muscle town. (clinicadereabilitacaoduquedecaxias.com)

PTH stimulates osteoclastic bone reabsorption and distal tubular calcium reabsorption and mediates 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH] 2 D) intestinal calcium absorption. (medscape.com)
[ 5 ] Vitamin D stimulates intestinal absorption of calcium, regulates PTH release by the chief cells, and mediates PTH-stimulated bone reabsorption. (medscape.com)
Besides replacing missing bone, bone grafting also stimulates new bone growth. (christensendental.com)

Over time this resorption can cause a significant decrease in the quality of life for the patient, especially when multiple teeth are missing. (texas-dental-implants.com)

There were two methods used to measure Bone Alkaline Phosphatase in NHANES 2001-2002. (cdc.gov)

These findings provide no evidence for an association between n-3 PUFA supplementation (1·48 g EPA+DHA/d) for 12 weeks and bone resorption in humans assessed by β-CTX, and suggest that n-3 PUFA supplementation may be unlikely to be of benefit in preventing bone loss. (bris.ac.uk)
The mean steady-state volume of distribution, exclusive of bone, is at least 28 L in humans. (rxdrugnews.com)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that results in severe destruction of articular cartilage and bone. (bmj.com)
Functionally, aged SSCs have a decreased bone- and cartilage-forming potential but produce more stromal lineages that express high levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-resorptive cytokines. (nature.com)
Pyd and Dpd are hydroxylysine-derived crosslinks of collagen found in bone and cartilage and excreted in the urine. (uthscsa.edu)
Quantitative studies of human subchondral cancellous bone: its relationship to the state of tts overlying cartilage. (lievers.net)
Within joints, the subchondral bone layer is a supporting structure for the overlying articular cartilage. (faoj.org)
Three embryos were prepared and stained with Alcian blue and Alizarin red for cartilage and bone, respectively. (vetmedmosul.com)

When mouse bone marrow cells were cultured for 8 days with 10 -8 M 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 ), numerous clusters of mononuclear and multinucleated cells (MNCs) formed, which stained positive for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP-positive). (ui.ac.id)

At the same time, the calcium level in the body is also a determining factor on the resorption state of a bone. (owlcation.com)
PTH will accelerate the resorption process in order to replenish the reduced calcium level in blood. (owlcation.com)
As such, if it detects the calcium levels to be too high, the secretion of parathyroid hormone will lessen and therefore the resorption process will lose its steam. (owlcation.com)
Calcium is necessary for bone mineralization and is an important cofactor for hormonal secretion in endocrine organs. (medscape.com)
Approximately 500 mg of calcium is removed from the bones daily and replaced by an equal amount. (medscape.com)
Plasma calcium is maintained despite its large movements across the gut, bone, kidney, and cells. (medscape.com)
When you drink, alcohol acts like a calcium-blocker, preventing the bone-building minerals you eat from being absorbed. (popularask.net)
However, approximately six months after teeth loss, the patient's jaw bone deterioration begins due to the bone resorption process, where the calcium from the jawbone gets redistributed to other body parts. (christensendental.com)
Tri-Alkali supports healthy acid-alkaline balance in the body to promote optimal calcium absorption and healthy bones. (clinical-nutrients.com)

Dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein is required for synovitis and bone resorption in inflammatory arthritis. (rochester.edu)
To clarify the role of TNFR2, we developed a TNF-α-induced bone resorption model using cholesterol-bearing pullulan nanogel as a TNF-α carrier to minimize the influence of inflammatory cytokines other than TNF-α. (elsevier.com)

The same journal also published data on the effect of omega 6 (n-6) vis-a-vis n-3 concentrations and its effect on bone health for patients 45 and over. (algaecal.com)

Objective: We investigated the relation between dietary vitamin K, intake, A POE polymorphisms, and markers of bone health. (elsevier.com)

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, vol. 11, no. 10, 1996, pp. 1531-8. (unboundmedicine.com)
Bone resorption is the process of braking down the bones into its mineral and collagenous constituents through a cellular mechanism. (owlcation.com)
In general, the bones are formed of cells, non-mineral collagenous matrix and mineral deposits. (owlcation.com)
The matrix of the bone, which is mainly constituted by collagenous material, gains its hardness due to the deposition of mineral salts. (owlcation.com)
Weaver JK, Chalmers J. Cancellous bone: its strength and changes with aging and an evaluation of some methods for measuring its mineral content, I: age changes in cancellous bone. (lievers.net)
Battle and you can intercourse outcomes for the association between muscles strength, softer structure, and you will limbs mineral occurrence for the compliment elders: the medical, aging, and the entire body constitution study," Record out-of Bones and you may Mineral Lookup, vol. 16, zero. (clinicadereabilitacaoduquedecaxias.com)

This body mechanism is very similar to the phenomenon of thinning of our broken arm and leg bones after plastering. (dentram.com)
However, in a disease state, this would not be the main mechanism regulating the bone resorption and therefore the control may not be sufficient to prevent continued bone destruction. (owlcation.com)
Breast cancers commonly cause osteolytic metastases in bone, a process that is dependent upon osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, but the mechanism responsible for tumor-mediated osteoclast activation has not yet been clarified. (unifg.it)

Also, an infected jawbone or widespread infection in maximal or mandible teeth can cause bone loss. (dentram.com)
Jawbone loss is treated with Box Technique with the grafts and membrane applications brought from bone banks abroad. (dentram.com)
It is essential that bone loss be avoided because it can lead to a weaker and malformed jawbone, which may soon affect a patient's appearance. (sanjosecomfortdental.com)
This process is incredibly good for your jawbone because it can stop the process of resorption and even strengthen your jaw. (smilesdentaltracy.com)

In dentistry, surgical access to the alveolar bone is routinely conducted as part of different treatment approaches, including restoration, periodontal treatment, rehabilitation, endodontic treatment, and in the surgical removal of teeth and/or pathological processes. (bvsalud.org)
Role of RANKL in physiological and pathological bone resorption and therapeutics targeting RANKL-RANK signaling system. (nii.ac.jp)

Nevertheless, some factors, including surgical bone exposure, may lead to some imbalance in these mechanisms. (bvsalud.org)
Chronic cadmium exposure primarily affects the kidneys and secondarily the bones. (cdc.gov)
It is not adequate to remove gum since this would result in bone exposure. (imperio.ca)

MIN) is the strongest inhibitor of bone resorption among commercially available. (dovepress.com)
FOSAMAX * (alendronate sodium) is a bisphosphonate that acts as a specific inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. (rxdrugnews.com)

Women with both a femoral BMD value of 2.5 SD or more below the mean of young adults and either high CTX or high free D-Pyr levels were at greater risk of hip fracture, with an odds ratio of 4.8 and 4.1, respectively, than those with only low BMD or high bone resorption. (unboundmedicine.com)
Sedlin‌ ED, Hirsch C. Factors affecting the determination of the physical properties of femoral cortical bone. (lievers.net)
Eating fatty fish, which are rich in n-3, has been shown to slow bone resorption and help prevent the loss of BMD in the femoral neck in older patients. (algaecal.com)

As previously reported, levels of a bone resorption marker (C-telopeptide (CTX)) were unchanged. (cdc.gov)

Targeting TSC1 represents a novel strategy to inhibit bone resorption and prevent bone loss-related diseases. (edu.au)

Raloxifene is an agonist in bone, and acts inhibiting bone loss. (bvsalud.org)
Digital images were obtained and the alveolar bone loss was measured (mm²) using an image analysis software. (bvsalud.org)
The europium fluorophore releasing reagent to protocols in bone resorption results therefore, for hair loss and building new members of tregs on the skin. (officecomsetup.site)
What are the Causes of Jaw Bone Loss? (dentram.com)
One of the essential factors that cause jaw bone loss is Cyst and Tumor-like formations. (dentram.com)
How is Jaw Bone Loss Treated? (dentram.com)
How Long Does The Jaw Bone Loss Treatment Take? (dentram.com)
If multiple teeth are lost, and not replaced with dental implants, then patients can experience future gum and teeth problems because of bone loss. (sanjosecomfortdental.com)
However, dental implants and continued dental care in San Jose can prevent bone loss. (sanjosecomfortdental.com)
Dental implants can effectively prevent bone loss and protect patient's dental health and overall appearance. (sanjosecomfortdental.com)
Fig. 1: Age-related bone loss coincides with altered skeletal stem-cell function. (nature.com)
Alveolar bone height was measured using Proximal RABL (Radiographic Alveolar Bone Loss) method with the help of Ez-Pax Plus software. (jdmfs.org)
Bone loss seen on radiography was measured by drawing a vertical line from the cementoenamel in the distal part of the 36 teeth and the mesial portion of 46 teeth to the base of the bone marked by the lamina dura intact. (bvsalud.org)
There are specific bone loss patterns that lend themselves well to these treatments and others which are not appropriate. (imperio.ca)
Our periodontists will assess the bone loss pattern and advise you if the bone loss pattern around your teeth will lend itself to this procedure. (imperio.ca)
Prevents bone loss. (popularask.net)
Figure 4 - Bone loss adjacent to the left mandibular molars and premolars in a young cat with feline juvenile-onset periodontitis. (veterinaryonlinecourses.com)
The lack of bone loss on radiographs and the absence of caudal oral mucositis is strongly suggestive of feline juvenile feline hyperplastic gingivitis. (veterinaryonlinecourses.com)
Young cats with alveolar bone loss prior to one year of age are strongly suggestive of feline juvenile periodontitis and helps to differentiate the two conditions. (veterinaryonlinecourses.com)

These factors exert a distal effect resulting in resorption of bone and the accompanying enrichment of the bone microenvironment with growth-promoting factors that may nurture the growth of metastatic tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Icariin also inhibited LPS-induced bone resorption and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression. (elsevier.com)

However, if your teeth are lost due to an accident, infection, or age, then you need to replace them right away in order to limit resorption. (smilesdentaltracy.com)
Also, if you have suffered from resorption and do not have any strong, remaining teeth, they may be necessary. (elizahaimidds.com)
In order to maintain healthy gums and jaw bone, it is critical to clean under and around the dentures as well as cleaning the actual teeth. (greenville-dentist.com)

Abstract Previous research suggests that n-3 PUFA may play a role in bone health. (bris.ac.uk)
Although these results suggested that TNFR2 might have a protective role in bone resorption, we could not exclude the possibility that TNFR2 has no role in bone resorption. (elsevier.com)

In order to explain the process of bone resorption , it is first vital to understand the structure of a bone and its cellular constituents. (owlcation.com)
Apart from these factors, certain disease processes such as psoriatic arthritis, lack of stimuli, disuse, and even the old age can accelerate the process of bone resorption. (owlcation.com)

When looking at the cross section of a bone, the outermost layer is termed as the 'cortical zone' while the inner zone of the bone is given the name, 'trabecular' or 'spongy' zone. (owlcation.com)
Compression tests of human and bovine trabecular bone specimens with and without marrow in situ were conducted at strain rates of from 0.001 to 10.0 per second. (lievers.net)
This enhancement of material properties at the highest strain rate was due primarily to the restricted viscous flow of marrow through the platen rather than the flow through the pores of the trabecular bone. (lievers.net)
A structural model for the mechanical behavior of trabecular bone. (lievers.net)
Hayes WC, Carter DR. Postyield behavior of subchondral trabecular bone. (lievers.net)
Elastic and viscoelastic properties of trabecular bone: dependence on structure. (lievers.net)
Composition of trabecular and cortical bone. (lievers.net)
Galante J, Rostoker W, Ray RD. Physical properties of trabecular bone. (lievers.net)

Anatomy43

Organisms8

Diseases33

Chemicals and Drugs66

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes20

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Bone resorption induced by parathyroid hormone is strikingly diminished in collagenase-resistant mutant mice. (1/2466)

The development and structure of the chimpanzee mandible. (2/2466)

Ibandronate reduces osteolytic lesions but not tumor burden in a murine model of myeloma bone disease. (3/2466)

Study of the effect of lactational bone loss on blood lead concentrations in humans. (4/2466)

Biochemical markers of bone turnover in breast cancer patients with bone metastases: a preliminary report. (5/2466)

Acute fasting diminishes the circadian rhythm of biochemical markers of bone resorption. (6/2466)

A prospective study of bone loss and turnover after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: effect of calcium supplementation with or without calcitonin. (7/2466)

An odyssey from breast to bone: multi-step control of mammary metastases and osteolysis by matrix metalloproteinases. (8/2466)

Bone Resorption

Bone and Bones

Osteoclasts

Bone Remodeling

Root Resorption

Bone Density

RANK Ligand

Bone Development

Osteoprotegerin

Bone Neoplasms

Osteoblasts

Diphosphonates

Osteogenesis

Alveolar Bone Loss

Bone Diseases

Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B

Bone Matrix

Bone Marrow Cells

Acid Phosphatase

Bone Marrow

Fetal Resorption

Osteoporosis

Osteolysis

Skull

Cathepsin K

Osteopetrosis

Parathyroid Hormone

Alendronate

Tooth Resorption

Bone Diseases, Metabolic

Femur

Osteocalcin

Bone Regeneration

Etidronic Acid

Collagen Type I

Calcitonin

Bone Density Conservation Agents

Tibia

Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal

Bone Transplantation

Alkaline Phosphatase

X-Ray Microtomography

Osteocytes

Hypercalcemia

Tooth Movement

Osteitis Deformans

Cell Differentiation

Fractures, Bone

Cells, Cultured

Calcification, Physiologic

Parietal Bone

Ovariectomy

Alveolar Process

Hydroxyproline

Calcium

Biological Markers

Bone Marrow Transplantation

Bone Substitutes

Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Ilium

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins

Calcitriol

Absorptiometry, Photon

Clodronic Acid

Bone Cements

Collagen

Periosteum

Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein

Phosphorus

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2

Periodontitis

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Tooth Eruption

Isoenzymes

Peptides

Tartrates

Mandible

Maxilla

Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor

Cathepsins