Bone marrow cells. Medical search

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

The transference of BONE MARROW from one human or animal to another for a variety of purposes including HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION or MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION.

A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of stem cells by assaying their activity.

The development and formation of various types of BLOOD CELLS. Hematopoiesis can take place in the BONE MARROW (medullary) or outside the bone marrow (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY).

The continuous turnover of BONE MATRIX and mineral that involves first an increase in BONE RESORPTION (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive BONE FORMATION (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium HOMEOSTASIS. An imbalance in the regulation of bone remodeling's two contrasting events, bone resorption and bone formation, results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as OSTEOPOROSIS.

Removal of bone marrow and evaluation of its histologic picture.

Neoplasms located in the bone marrow. They are differentiated from neoplasms composed of bone marrow cells, such as MULTIPLE MYELOMA. Most bone marrow neoplasms are metastatic.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

An organism whose body contains cell populations of different genotypes as a result of the TRANSPLANTATION of donor cells after sufficient ionizing radiation to destroy the mature recipient's cells which would otherwise reject the donor cells.

Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.

Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS.

Techniques for the removal of subpopulations of cells (usually residual tumor cells) from the bone marrow ex vivo before it is infused. The purging is achieved by a variety of agents including pharmacologic agents, biophysical agents (laser photoirradiation or radioisotopes) and immunologic agents. Bone marrow purging is used in both autologous and allogeneic BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION.

Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.

An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.

Irradiation of the whole body with ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. It is applicable to humans or animals but not to microorganisms.

Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption.

Transplantation of an individual's own tissue from one site to another site.

Glycoproteins found in a subfraction of normal mammalian plasma and urine. They stimulate the proliferation of bone marrow cells in agar cultures and the formation of colonies of granulocytes and/or macrophages. The factors include INTERLEUKIN-3; (IL-3); GRANULOCYTE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; (G-CSF); MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; (M-CSF); and GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; (GM-CSF).

Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.

A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)

The growth and development of bones from fetus to adult. It includes two principal mechanisms of bone growth: growth in length of long bones at the epiphyseal cartilages and growth in thickness by depositing new bone (OSTEOGENESIS) with the actions of OSTEOBLASTS and OSTEOCLASTS.

Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.

Very large BONE MARROW CELLS which release mature BLOOD PLATELETS.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

An organism that, as a result of transplantation of donor tissue or cells, consists of two or more cell lines descended from at least two zygotes. This state may result in the induction of donor-specific TRANSPLANTATION TOLERANCE.

A multilineage cell growth factor secreted by LYMPHOCYTES; EPITHELIAL CELLS; and ASTROCYTES which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells.

Transfer of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS from BONE MARROW or BLOOD between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used as an alternative to BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms.

Diseases of BONES.

The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification.

The production of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES). In humans, erythrocytes are produced by the YOLK SAC in the first trimester; by the liver in the second trimester; by the BONE MARROW in the third trimester and after birth. In normal individuals, the erythrocyte count in the peripheral blood remains relatively constant implying a balance between the rate of erythrocyte production and rate of destruction.

A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.

A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.

The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Renewal or repair of lost bone tissue. It excludes BONY CALLUS formed after BONE FRACTURES but not yet replaced by hard bone.

Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.

Bone-forming cells which secrete an EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. HYDROXYAPATITE crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone.

A glycoprotein of MW 25 kDa containing internal disulfide bonds. It induces the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neutrophilic granulocyte precursor cells and functionally activates mature blood neutrophils. Among the family of colony-stimulating factors, G-CSF is the most potent inducer of terminal differentiation to granulocytes and macrophages of leukemic myeloid cell lines.

The developmental history of specific differentiated cell types as traced back to the original STEM CELLS in the embryo.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A hematopoietic growth factor and the ligand of the cell surface c-kit protein (PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT). It is expressed during embryogenesis and is a growth factor for a number of cell types including the MAST CELLS and the MELANOCYTES in addition to the HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS.

Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).

Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.

An acidic glycoprotein of MW 23 kDa with internal disulfide bonds. The protein is produced in response to a number of inflammatory mediators by mesenchymal cells present in the hemopoietic environment and at peripheral sites of inflammation. GM-CSF is able to stimulate the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells and can stimulate the formation of eosinophil colonies from fetal liver progenitor cells. GM-CSF can also stimulate some functional activities in mature granulocytes and macrophages.

Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.

The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

The cells found in the body fluid circulating throughout the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.

An individual that contains cell populations derived from different zygotes.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.

The grafting of bone from a donor site to a recipient site.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.

Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.

A protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is specific for STEM CELL FACTOR. This interaction is crucial for the development of hematopoietic, gonadal, and pigment stem cells. Genetic mutations that disrupt the expression of PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT are associated with PIEBALDISM, while overexpression or constitutive activation of the c-kit protein-tyrosine kinase is associated with tumorigenesis.

Extracellular substance of bone tissue consisting of COLLAGEN fibers, ground substance, and inorganic crystalline minerals and salts.

The number of LEUKOCYTES and ERYTHROCYTES per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD. A complete blood count (CBC) also includes measurement of the HEMOGLOBIN; HEMATOCRIT; and ERYTHROCYTE INDICES.

Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.

The cells in the erythroid series derived from MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS or from the bi-potential MEGAKARYOCYTE-ERYTHROID PROGENITOR CELLS which eventually give rise to mature RED BLOOD CELLS. The erythroid progenitor cells develop in two phases: erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) followed by erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-E); BFU-E differentiate into CFU-E on stimulation by ERYTHROPOIETIN, and then further differentiate into ERYTHROBLASTS when stimulated by other factors.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A group of lymphocyte surface antigens located on mouse LYMPHOCYTES. Specific Ly antigens are useful markers for distinguishing subpopulations of lymphocytes.

Transplantation between genetically identical individuals, i.e., members of the same species with identical histocompatibility antigens, such as monozygotic twins, members of the same inbred strain, or members of a hybrid population produced by crossing certain inbred strains.

These growth factors comprise a family of hematopoietic regulators with biological specificities defined by their ability to support proliferation and differentiation of blood cells of different lineages. ERYTHROPOIETIN and the COLONY-STIMULATING FACTORS belong to this family. Some of these factors have been studied and used in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and bone marrow failure syndromes.

Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.

White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.

A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B and OSTEOPROTEGERIN. It plays an important role in regulating OSTEOCLAST differentiation and activation.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

A mononuclear phagocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) synthesized by mesenchymal cells. The compound stimulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells of the monocyte-macrophage series. M-CSF is a disulfide-bonded glycoprotein dimer with a MW of 70 kDa. It binds to a specific high affinity receptor (RECEPTOR, MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR).

A group of differentiation surface antigens, among the first to be discovered on thymocytes and T-lymphocytes. Originally identified in the mouse, they are also found in other species including humans, and are expressed on brain neurons and other cells.

Stem cells derived from HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS. Derived from these myeloid progenitor cells are the MEGAKARYOCYTES; ERYTHROID CELLS; MYELOID CELLS; and some DENDRITIC CELLS.

Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Bone-marrow-derived, non-hematopoietic cells that support HEMATOPOETIC STEM CELLS. They have also been isolated from other organs and tissues such as UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD, umbilical vein subendothelium, and WHARTON JELLY. These cells are considered to be a source of multipotent stem cells because they include subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells.

High-molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of LEUKOCYTES and their hemopoietic progenitors. They contain a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity which plays a role in intracellular signaling from the CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. The CD45 antigens occur as multiple isoforms that result from alternative mRNA splicing and differential usage of three exons.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Formation of MYELOID CELLS from the pluripotent HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS in the BONE MARROW via MYELOID STEM CELLS. Myelopoiesis generally refers to the production of leukocytes in blood, such as MONOCYTES and GRANULOCYTES. This process also produces precursor cells for MACROPHAGE and DENDRITIC CELLS found in the lymphoid tissue.

Mice bearing mutant genes which are phenotypically expressed in the animals.

Conditions in which the abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria.

Surgical removal of the thymus gland. (Dorland, 28th ed)

An alkylating agent having a selective immunosuppressive effect on BONE MARROW. It has been used in the palliative treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC), but although symptomatic relief is provided, no permanent remission is brought about. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), busulfan is listed as a known carcinogen.

A technique of culturing mixed cell types in vitro to allow their synergistic or antagonistic interactions, such as on CELL DIFFERENTIATION or APOPTOSIS. Coculture can be of different types of cells, tissues, or organs from normal or disease states.

A humoral factor that stimulates the production of thrombocytes (BLOOD PLATELETS). Thrombopoietin stimulates the proliferation of bone marrow MEGAKARYOCYTES and their release of blood platelets. The process is called THROMBOPOIESIS.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Leukemia induced experimentally in animals by exposure to leukemogenic agents, such as VIRUSES; RADIATION; or by TRANSPLANTATION of leukemic tissues.

Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.

Synthetic or natural materials for the replacement of bones or bone tissue. They include hard tissue replacement polymers, natural coral, hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, and various other biomaterials. The bone substitutes as inert materials can be incorporated into surrounding tissue or gradually replaced by original tissue.

A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Preparative treatment of transplant recipient with various conditioning regimens including radiation, immune sera, chemotherapy, and/or immunosuppressive agents, prior to transplantation. Transplantation conditioning is very common before bone marrow transplantation.

DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.

Immature, nucleated ERYTHROCYTES occupying the stage of ERYTHROPOIESIS that follows formation of ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS and precedes formation of RETICULOCYTES. The normal series is called normoblasts. Cells called MEGALOBLASTS are a pathologic series of erythroblasts.

Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.

A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.

The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the FIBULA laterally, the TALUS distally, and the FEMUR proximally.

Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

The process of generating white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) from the pluripotent HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS of the BONE MARROW. There are two significant pathways to generate various types of leukocytes: MYELOPOIESIS, in which leukocytes in the blood are derived from MYELOID STEM CELLS, and LYMPHOPOIESIS, in which leukocytes of the lymphatic system (LYMPHOCYTES) are generated from lymphoid stem cells.

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Individuals supplying living tissue, organs, cells, blood or blood components for transfer or transplantation to histocompatible recipients.

The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue.

The release of stem cells from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood circulation for the purpose of leukapheresis, prior to stem cell transplantation. Hematopoietic growth factors or chemotherapeutic agents often are used to stimulate the mobilization.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Drugs used to protect against ionizing radiation. They are usually of interest for use in radiation therapy but have been considered for other, e.g. military, purposes.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The formation and development of blood cells outside the BONE MARROW, as in the SPLEEN; LIVER; or LYMPH NODES.

Formation of LYMPHOCYTES and PLASMA CELLS from the lymphoid stem cells which develop from the pluripotent HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS in the BONE MARROW. These lymphoid stem cells differentiate into T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; PLASMA CELLS; or NK-cells (KILLER CELLS, NATURAL) depending on the organ or tissues (LYMPHOID TISSUE) to which they migrate.

Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.

An immunological attack mounted by a graft against the host because of tissue incompatibility when immunologically competent cells are transplanted to an immunologically incompetent host; the resulting clinical picture is that of GRAFT VS HOST DISEASE.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.

Immunosuppression by reduction of circulating lymphocytes or by T-cell depletion of bone marrow. The former may be accomplished in vivo by thoracic duct drainage or administration of antilymphocyte serum. The latter is performed ex vivo on bone marrow before its transplantation.

The blood-making organs and tissues, principally the bone marrow and lymph nodes.

Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.

The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.

The classes of BONE MARROW-derived blood cells in the monocytic series (MONOCYTES and their precursors) and granulocytic series (GRANULOCYTES and their precursors).

Transfer of MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS).

Disease having a short and relatively severe course.

The degree of antigenic similarity between the tissues of different individuals, which determines the acceptance or rejection of allografts.

The transfer of STEM CELLS from one individual to another within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or between species (XENOTRANSPLANTATION), or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). The source and location of the stem cells determines their potency or pluripotency to differentiate into various cell types.

Breaks in bones.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins. They are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.

Specialized forms of antibody-producing B-LYMPHOCYTES. They synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin. They are found only in lymphoid organs and at sites of immune responses and normally do not circulate in the blood or lymph. (Rosen et al., Dictionary of Immunology, 1989, p169 & Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p20)

A lymphohematopoietic cytokine that plays a role in regulating the proliferation of ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS. It induces maturation of MEGAKARYOCYTES which results in increased production of BLOOD PLATELETS. Interleukin-11 was also initially described as an inhibitor of ADIPOGENESIS of cultured preadipocytes.

Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro.

A potent osteoinductive protein that plays a critical role in the differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells into OSTEOBLASTS.

Induction and quantitative measurement of chromosomal damage leading to the formation of micronuclei (MICRONUCLEI, CHROMOSOME-DEFECTIVE) in cells which have been exposed to genotoxic agents or IONIZING RADIATION.

Signal molecules that are involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation.

Mapping of the KARYOTYPE of a cell.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID).

A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

A de novo myeloproliferation arising from an abnormal stem cell. It is characterized by the replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue, a process that is mediated by CYTOKINES arising from the abnormal clone.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

Transference of cells within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

The development of new BLOOD VESSELS during the restoration of BLOOD CIRCULATION during the healing process.

Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.

Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.

A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.

Identification of the major histocompatibility antigens of transplant DONORS and potential recipients, usually by serological tests. Donor and recipient pairs should be of identical ABO blood group, and in addition should be matched as closely as possible for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in order to minimize the likelihood of allograft rejection. (King, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The transfer of lymphocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

The grafting of skin in humans or animals from one site to another to replace a lost portion of the body surface skin.

Vitamin K-dependent calcium-binding protein synthesized by OSTEOBLASTS and found primarily in BONES. Serum osteocalcin measurements provide a noninvasive specific marker of bone metabolism. The protein contains three residues of the amino acid gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla), which, in the presence of CALCIUM, promotes binding to HYDROXYAPATITE and subsequent accumulation in BONE MATRIX.

The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.

A general term for the complex phenomena involved in allo- and xenograft rejection by a host and graft vs host reaction. Although the reactions involved in transplantation immunology are primarily thymus-dependent phenomena of cellular immunity, humoral factors also play a part in late rejection.

Deliberate prevention or diminution of the host's immune response. It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs.

Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.

The effects of ionizing and nonionizing radiation upon living organisms, organs and tissues, and their constituents, and upon physiologic processes. It includes the effect of irradiation on food, drugs, and chemicals.

Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.

Experimentally produced harmful effects of ionizing or non-ionizing RADIATION in CHORDATA animals.

Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

Specialized tissues that are components of the lymphatic system. They provide fixed locations within the body where a variety of LYMPHOCYTES can form, mature and multiply. The lymphoid tissues are connected by a network of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.

Mature osteoblasts that have become embedded in the BONE MATRIX. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi.

Toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon byproduct of coal distillation. It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide.

A pyrimidine nucleoside analog that is used mainly in the treatment of leukemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Its actions are specific for the S phase of the cell cycle. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p472)

Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).

2'-Deoxyuridine. An antimetabolite that is converted to deoxyuridine triphosphate during DNA synthesis. Laboratory suppression of deoxyuridine is used to diagnose megaloblastic anemias due to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies.

The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

A tumor necrosis factor receptor family member that is specific for RANK LIGAND and plays a role in bone homeostasis by regulating osteoclastogenesis. It is also expressed on DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in regulating dendritic cell survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Thymic selection by a single MHC/peptide ligand: autoreactive T cells are low-affinity cells. (1/12182)

In H2-M- mice, the presence of a single peptide, CLIP, bound to MHC class II molecules generates a diverse repertoire of CD4+ cells. In these mice, typical self-peptides are not bound to class II molecules, with the result that a very high proportion of H2-M- CD4+ cells are responsive to the various peptides displayed on normal MHC-compatible APC. We show here, however, that such "self" reactivity is controlled by low-affinity CD4+ cells. These cells give spectacularly high proliferative responses but are virtually unreactive in certain other assays, e.g., skin graft rejection; responses to MHC alloantigens, by contrast, are intense in all assays. Possible explanations for why thymic selection directed to a single peptide curtails self specificity without affecting alloreactivity are discussed. (+info)

gp49B1 inhibits IgE-initiated mast cell activation through both immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, recruitment of src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1, and suppression of early and late calcium mobilization. (2/12182)

We define by molecular, pharmacologic, and physiologic approaches the proximal mechanism by which the immunoglobulin superfamily member gp49B1 inhibits mast cell activation mediated by the high affinity Fc receptor for IgE (FcepsilonRI). In rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 cells expressing transfected mouse gp49B1, mutation of tyrosine to phenylalanine in either of the two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs of the gp49B1 cytoplasmic domain partially suppressed gp49B1-mediated inhibition of exocytosis, whereas mutation of both abolished inhibitory capacity. Sodium pervanadate elicited tyrosine phosphorylation of native gp49B1 and association of the tyrosine phosphatases src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) and SHP-2 in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (mBMMCs). SHP-1 associated transiently with gp49B1 within 1 min after coligation of gp49B1 with cross-linked FcepsilonRI in mBMMCs. SHP-1-deficient mBMMCs exhibited a partial loss of gp49B1-mediated inhibition of FcepsilonRI-induced exocytosis at concentrations of IgE providing optimal exocytosis, revealing a central, but not exclusive, SHP-1 requirement in the counter-regulatory pathway. Coligation of gp49B1 with cross-linked FcepsilonRI on mBMMCs inhibited early release of calcium from intracellular stores and subsequent influx of extracellular calcium, consistent with SHP-1 participation. Because exocytosis is complete within 2 min in mBMMCs, our studies establish a role for SHP-1 in the initial counter-regulatory cellular responses whereby gp49B1 immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs rapidly transmit inhibition of FcepsilonRI-mediated exocytosis. (+info)

Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in human bone marrow. (3/12182)

The expression of neurotrophins and their receptors, the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75LNGFR) and the Trk receptors (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC), was investigated in human bone marrow from 16 weeks fetal age to adulthood. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, all transcripts encoding for catalytic and truncated human TrkB or TrkC receptors were detected together with trkAI transcripts, whereas trkAII transcripts were found only in control nerve tissues. Transcripts for the homologue of the rat truncated TrkC(ic113) receptor were identified for the first time in human tissue. Stromal adventitial reticular cells were found immunoreactive for all neutrophin receptors. In contrast, hematopoietic cell types were not immunoreactive for p75LNGFR but showed immunoreactivity for one or several Trk receptors. TrkA immunoreactivity was found in immature erythroblasts. Catalytic TrkB immunoreactivity was observed in eosinophilic metamyelocytes and polymorphonuclear cells. Truncated TrkB immunoreactivity was found in erythroblasts and megacaryocytes. Immunoreactivity for both catalytic and truncated TrkC receptor was observed in promyelocytes, myelocytes, some polymorphonuclear cells and megacaryocytes. Neutrophin transcript levels appeared higher at fetal than at adult stages, no variation in Trk family transcript levels was observed. The local expression of neurotrophin genes suggests a wide range of paracrine and/or autocrine mode of action through their corresponding receptors within the bone marrow. (+info)

Disproportionate recruitment of CD8+ T cells into the central nervous system by professional antigen-presenting cells. (4/12182)

Inappropriate immune responses, thought to exacerbate or even to initiate several types of central nervous system (CNS) neuropathology, could arise from failures by either the CNS or the immune system. The extent that the inappropriate appearance of antigen-presenting cell (APC) function contributes to CNS inflammation and pathology is still under debate. Therefore, we characterized the response initiated when professional APCs (dendritic cells) presenting non-CNS antigens were injected into the CNS. These dendritic cells expressed numerous T-cell chemokines, but only in the presence of antigen did leukocytes accumulate in the ventricles, meninges, sub-arachnoid spaces, and injection site. Within the CNS parenchyma, the injected dendritic cells migrated preferentially into the white matter tracts, yet only a small percentage of the recruited leukocytes entered the CNS parenchyma, and then only in the white matter tracts. Although T-cell recruitment was antigen specific and thus mediated by CD4+ T cells in the models used here, CD8+ T cells accumulated in numbers equal to or greater than that of CD4+ T cells. Few of the recruited T cells expressed activation markers (CD25 and VLA-4), and those that did were primarily in the meninges, injection site, ventricles, and perivascular spaces but not in the parenchyma. These results indicate that 1) the CNS modulates the cellular composition and activation states of responding T-cell populations and that 2) myelin-restricted inflammation need not be initiated by a myelin-specific antigen. (+info)

Detection of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus DNA sequences in multiple myeloma bone marrow stromal cells. (5/12182)

Whether Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with multiple myeloma (MM) remains controversial. We assayed for KSHV DNA sequences in long-term bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from 26 patients with MM and 4 normal donors. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers which amplify a KSHV gene sequence to yield a 233-bp fragment (KS330233 within open reading frame 26) was negative in all cases. Aliquots of these PCR products were used as templates in subsequent nested PCR, with primers that amplify a 186-bp product internal to KS330233. BMSCs from 24 of 26 (92%) patients with MM and 1 of 4 normal donors were KSHV PCR+. DNA sequence analyses showed interpatient specific mutations (2 to 3 bp). Both Southern blot and sequence analyses confirmed the specificity of PCR results. The presence of the KSHV gene sequences was further confirmed by amplifying T 1.1 (open reading frame [ORF] K7) and viral cyclin D (ORF 72), two other domains within the KSHV genome. Immunohistochemical studies of KSHV PCR+ MM BMSCs demonstrate expression of dendritic cell (DC) lineage markers (CD68, CD83, and fascin). Serological studies for the presence of KSHV lytic or latent antibodies were performed using sera from 53 MM patients, 12 normal donors, and 5 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/KSHV+ patients. No lytic or latent antibodies were present in sera from either MM patients or normal donors. Taken together, these findings show that KSHV DNA sequences are detectable in BMSCs from the majority of MM patients, but that serologic responses to KSHV are not present. Ongoing studies are defining whether the lack of antibody response is caused by the absence of ongoing infection, the presence of a novel viral strain associated with MM, or underlying immunodeficiency in these patients. (+info)

Bone marrow and peripheral blood dendritic cells from patients with multiple myeloma are phenotypically and functionally normal despite the detection of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus gene sequences. (6/12182)

Multiple myeloma (MM) cells express idiotypic proteins and other tumor-associated antigens which make them ideal targets for novel immunotherapeutic approaches. However, recent reports show the presence of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) gene sequences in bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) in MM, raising concerns regarding their antigen-presenting cell (APC) function. In the present study, we sought to identify the ideal source of DCs from MM patients for use in vaccination approaches. We compared the relative frequency, phenotype, and function of BMDCs or peripheral blood dendritic cells (PBDCs) from MM patients versus normal donors. DCs were derived by culture of mononuclear cells in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. The yield as well as the pattern and intensity of Ag (HLA-DR, CD40, CD54, CD80, and CD86) expression were equivalent on DCs from BM or PB of MM patients versus normal donors. Comparison of PBDCs versus BMDCs showed higher surface expression of HLA-DR (P =.01), CD86 (P =. 0003), and CD14 (P =.04) on PBDCs. APC function, assessed using an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), demonstrated equivalent T-cell proliferation triggered by MM versus normal DCs. Moreover, no differences in APC function were noted in BMDCs compared with PBDCs. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of genomic DNA from both MM patient and normal donor DCs for the 233-bp KSHV gene sequence (KS330233) was negative, but nested PCR to yield a final product of 186 bp internal to KS330233 was positive in 16 of 18 (88.8%) MM BMDCs, 3 of 8 (37.5%) normal BMDCs, 1 of 5 (20%) MM PBDCs, and 2 of 6 (33.3%) normal donor PBDCs. Sequencing of 4 MM patient PCR products showed 96% to 98% homology to the published KSHV gene sequence, with patient specific mutations ruling out PCR artifacts or contamination. In addition, KHSV-specific viral cyclin D (open reading frame [ORF] 72) was amplified in 2 of 5 MM BMDCs, with sequencing of the ORF 72 amplicon revealing 91% and 92% homology to the KSHV viral cyclin D sequence. These sequences again demonstrated patient specific mutations, ruling out contamination. Therefore, our studies show that PB appears to be the preferred source of DCs for use in vaccination strategies due to the ready accessibility and phenotypic profile of PBDCs, as well as the comparable APC function and lower detection rate of KSHV gene sequences compared with BMDCs. Whether active KSHV infection is present and important in the pathophysiology of MM remains unclear; however, our study shows that MMDCs remain functional despite the detection of KSHV gene sequences. (+info)

Effects of short-term administration of G-CSF (filgrastim) on bone marrow progenitor cells: analysis of serial marrow samples from normal donors. (7/12182)

To determine the effect of G-CSF administration on both the total number of CD34+ cells and the primitive CD34+ subsets in bone marrow (BM), we have analyzed BM samples serially obtained from 10 normal donors in steady-state and during G-CSF treatment. Filgrastim was administered subcutaneously at a dosage of 10 microg/kg/day (n = 7) or 10 microg/kg/12 h (n = 3) for 4 consecutive days. Peripheral blood sampling and BM aspirates were performed on day 1 (just before G-CSF administration), day 3 (after 2 days of G-CSF), and day 5 (after 4 days of G-CSF). During G-CSF administration, a significant increase in the total number of BM nucleated cells was observed. The percentage (range) of CD34+ cells decreased in BM from a median of 0.88 (0.47-1.44) on day 1 to 0.57 (0.32-1.87), and to 0.42 (0.16-0.87) on days 3 and 5, respectively. We observed a slight increase in the total number of BM CD34+ cells on day 3 (0.66 x 10(9)/l (0.13-0.77)), and a decrease on day 5 (0.23 x 10(9)/l (0.06-1.23)) as compared with steady-state (0.40 x 10(9)/l (0.06-1.68)). The proportion of primitive BM hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+CD38-, CD34+HLA-DR-, CD34+CD117-) decreased during G-CSF administration. In parallel, a significant increase in the total number of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood was observed, achieving the maximum value on day 5. These results suggest that in normal subjects the administration of G-CSF for 5 days may reduce the number of progenitor cells in BM, particularly the most primitive ones. (+info)

Immunoregulatory cytokines in bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell products. (8/12182)

In these studies, we compared the phenotype, function, and expression of type 1, type 2, and monocyte-associated cytokine mRNA transcripts in autologous bone marrow (BM) and growth factor-mobilized peripheral blood stem cell (PSC) products. These studies demonstrate that lymphocytes and monocytes in stem cell products are abnormally activated, expressing significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-2, 4 and 10, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), but not IL-8, as compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In addition, the levels of IL-2, IL-10 and TNF-alpha are significantly higher in mobilized PSC as compared to BM products. The high cytokine levels are unexpected as T cell function in stem cell products is depressed. PSC products have high levels of T cell inhibitory activity, which directly correlates with IL-10 expression, both of which are mechanisms that might be involved in the immune dysfunction within stem cell products used for autologous stem cell transplantation. These data demonstrate that: (1) immune cells in autologous BM and PSC products are activated with the expression of high levels of type 1 and type 2 cytokines as well as monokines; (2) PSC products contain a high frequency of monocytes which mediate T cell inhibitory activity; and (3) despite the high levels of cytokine expression, T cell function in stem cell products is depressed. The significance of these immune abnormalities within stem cell products for myeloid and lymphoid recovery following autologous stem cell transplantation remains to be determined. (+info)

Grigg A, Gibson R, Bardy P, Szer J (1996). "Acute portal vein thrombosis after autologous stem cell transplantation". Bone ... As an adjunct therapy with cyclophosphamide for conditioning prior to bone marrow transplantation in adults and children >12 kg ... It is a cell cycle non-specific alkylating antineoplastic agent, in the class of alkyl sulfonates. Its chemical designation is ... and adults in combination with cyclophosphamide or fludarabine/clofarabine as a conditioning agent prior to bone marrow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busulfan

Bone Marrow Cells - Advances in Research Application: 2013 Edition. ScholarlyEditions. ISBN 9781481698047 - via Google Books. ... "FDNY Honors Life-Saving Bone Marrow Donors". CBS New York. Retrieved 6 October 2016. Daily News (29 April 2016). "Bone marrow ... FDNY members represent more than 10% of all NYBC bone marrow donors. Each year, at an annual induction ceremony hosted by FDNY ... FDNY Press Office (29 April 2016). "Fire Commissioner and New York Blood Center Honor FDNY Bone Marrow Donors". Fire Department ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Blood_Center

... red blood cells, and platelets), hemophagocytosis (i.e. ingestion of blood cells by histiocytes) in bone marrow and spleen), a ... CD4+ T cells (i..e T helper cells), CD8+ cells (i.e. cytotoxic T cells), NK cells (i.e. natural killer cells). The mechanism by ... NK cells), Gamma delta T cells (γδ T cells), cytotoxic T cells (CTL), helper T cells (Th cells), and follicular B helper T ... a type of white blood cell), i.e. B cells, T cells, NK cells, and histiocytic-dendritic cells, are infected with the Epstein- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein–Barr_virus-associated_lymphoproliferative_diseases

The overarching medical challenge that Fanconi patients face is a failure of their bone marrow to produce blood cells. In ... growth factors can help bone marrow failure temporarily, but the long-term treatment is bone marrow transplant if a donor is ... The last major haematological complication associated with FA is bone marrow failure, defined as inadequate blood cell ... Senescence, together with apoptosis, may constitute a major mechanism of haemopoietic cell depletion occurred in bone marrow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanconi_anemia

It suppresses the bone marrow by inhibiting the erythroid progenitor cells. Anti-M also recommends antigen testing to rule out ... to red blood cell destruction Reticulocyte count which will usually be increased as the bone marrow makes new red blood cells ... It works by binding any fetal red blood cells with the D antigen before the mother is able to produce an immune response and ... Al-Dughaishi T, Al-Rubkhi IS, Al-Duhli M, Al-Harrasi Y, Gowri V (2015). "Alloimmunization due to red cell antibodies in Rhesus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn

ISBN 978-1-56860-161-8. Poynter, Dan (2014). Transplant Handbook for Patients: Replacing Stem Cells in Your Bone Marrow. Santa ... Replacing Stem Cells in Your Bone Marrow. He died on November 3, 2015 of acute myeloid leukemia and renal failure. Certificate ... He was diagnosed with Chromosome 19 Trisomy in 2012 and a stem cell transplant was performed in mid-2013. He fully recovered in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Poynter

GvHD is commonly associated with bone marrow transplants and stem cell transplants. White blood cells of the donor's immune ... International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry". Bone Marrow Transplantation. 24 (3): 283-7. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1701899. PMID ... "Stem Cell or Bone Marrow Transplant Side Effects". www.cancer.org. Retrieved 2020-09-01. Goker H, Haznedaroglu IC, Chao NJ ( ... After bone marrow transplantation, T cells present in the graft, either as contaminants or intentionally introduced into the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graft-versus-host_disease

It inhibits the maturing of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in mice. However, it is only cytotoxic in amounts of greater ... "Acetylcorynoline impairs the maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells via suppression of IκB kinase and mitogen- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcorynoline

... expression on bone marrow mononuclear cells in 91 patients with acute leukemia]". Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi (in ... The protein may play a role in the adhesion of activated T and NK cells to their target cells during the late phase of the ... CD96 is a receptor protein which is expressed on T cells and NK cells and shares sequence similarity with CD226 (also known as ... Fuchs A, Cella M, Giurisato E, Shaw AS, Colonna M (April 2004). "Cutting edge: CD96 (tactile) promotes NK cell-target cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD96

For the stem cells and other undifferentiated blood cells in the bone marrow, the determination is generally explained by the ... By regulating this balance between different cell types, the bone marrow can alter the quantity of different cells to ... Figure 24-8: Formation of differentiated blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. ISBN 0-7167-3136-3 - via ... Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in the medulla of the bone (bone marrow) and have the unique ability to give rise to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haematopoiesis

... and c-kit-dependent bone marrow". Cell. 135 (3): 437-48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.08.041. PMC 2788814. PMID 18984156. Lay ... Severe side effects may include fluid retention, gastrointestinal bleeding, bone marrow suppression, liver problems, and heart ... This can slow growth or result in programmed cell death of certain types of cancer cells. Imatinib was approved for medical use ... Imatinib also inhibits the abl protein of non-cancer cells, but these cells normally have additional redundant tyrosine kinases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imatinib

Bone marrow as a cell source for tissue engineering heart valves". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 75 (3): 761-7, discussion ... First, cells from the patient in which the scaffold will be implanted in are harvested. These cells are expanded and seeded ... Once cells begin to populate the cell, the scaffold is designed to gradually degrade, leaving behind a constructed heart valve ... Cell line as well as cell type such as fibroblasts can largely impact tissue responses towards implanted foreign devices by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_engineering_of_heart_valves

Bone Marrow Transplant. 20 (6): 521. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1700924. PMID 9313889. Oyama Y, Papadopoulos EB, Miranda M, Traynor AE ... Burt RK (2001). "Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for Evans syndrome". Bone Marrow Transplant. 28 (9): 903-5. doi:10.1038/ ... The symptoms of Evans syndrome vary between patients depending on which blood cells are affected. If red blood cells are ... Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells that normally carry oxygen and carbon dioxide are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evans_syndrome

Hargraves MM, Richmond H, Morton R (January 1948). "Presentation of two bone marrow elements; the tart cell and the L.E. cell ... These abnormal cells, which are found in the bone marrow of persons who have SLE are categorised as polymorphonuclear ... The T helper cells then activate B cells, which are also in the presence of these antigens, causing the production of ... Hep-2 cells, originally of laryngeal carcinoma origin, are actually a contamination of HeLa cells. They are routinely used in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-dsDNA_antibodies

Normal bone contains internal scaffolding, called trabeculae. Red bone marrow, which produces blood cells, is located in the ... In Modic type 2 there are changes in bone marrow, with fatty replacement of formerly red, cellular marrow normally seen there. ... With Modic type 2 changes the marrow is substituted by visceral fat, the same kind of fat we have on our hips and bellies. ... the center of the Modic classification that it contains three different stages from active inflammation over fatty bone marrow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modic_changes

After therapy these cells are given back to the child to regrow the bone marrow. Stem cell rescue or autologous bone marrow ... Sometimes the physician will perform a stem cell transplant Bone marrow biopsy Bone scan The initial diagnosis of a tumor is ... The tissue of this tumor contains many different types of cells including the rhabdoid cells, large spindled cells, epithelial ... of chest and abdomen to check for a tumor Bone marrow aspiration to check for bone tumors. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atypical_teratoid_rhabdoid_tumor

... both white blood cells and red blood cells. It may be toxic to bone marrow. Quarterly blood counts are necessary for people on ... September 1999). "Possible carcinogenic effect of 6-mercaptopurine on bone marrow stem cells: relation to thiopurine metabolism ... Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, liver toxicity, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Other serious side effects ... for these types of genetic variations may have increased levels of TGN metabolites and an increased risk of severe bone marrow ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercaptopurine

... and other ALPs can be used for purging residual leukemic cells from bone marrow transplants. It is an analog of ... small cell lung carcinoma cell lines exhibit cell type-specific sensitivity to edelfosine-induced cell death and different cell ... In many tumor cells, it causes selective apoptosis, sparing healthy cells. Edelfosine can activate the Fas/CD95 cell death ... Vogler, WR; Berdel WE (1993). "Autologous bone marrow transplantation with alkyl-lysophospholipid-purged marrow". Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edelfosine

"Oocyte generation in adult mammalian ovaries by putative germ cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood". Cell. 122 (2): 303-15 ... Renewal of ovarian follicles from germline stem cells (originating from bone marrow and peripheral blood) was reported in the ... Each type of cell behaves differently in response to FSH. Theca interna cells express receptors for luteinizing hormone (LH). ... In addition, as more estrogen is secreted, more LH receptors are made by the theca cells, inciting theca cells to create more ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folliculogenesis

The hydroxylamine and nitroso metabolites are also toxic to bone marrow cells and can cause agranulocytosis. These metabolites ... Procainamide hydroxylamine has more cytotoxicity by hindering the response of lymphocytes to T-cell and B-cell mitogens. ... These metabolites could then bind to their cell membranes and cause a release of autoantibodies which would react with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procainamide

In comparison, the bone marrow produces a few million mesenchymal stem cells per bone marrow aspiration. Initial studies ... CellResearch Corporation is a biotechnology company with a primary focus on skin cell and cord lining stem cell research. ... which also includes the banking and cultivation of these cells, as well as the therapeutic applications of these cells. The ... and keloid-cell libraries which have been used for research by cell culture laboratories worldwide, including those at Harvard ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CellResearch_Corporation

Red bone marrow, where all the blood cells are made, fills the space between the trabecular pores. Even though trabecular bone ... Trabecular bone, also called cancellous bone, is porous bone composed of trabeculated bone tissue. It can be found at the ends ... Cancellous bone is formed from groupings of trabeculated bone tissue. In cross sections, trabeculae of a cancellous bone can ... In order to understand the role of trabecular bone in age-related bone structure and design for bone-implant system, it is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabecula

Stem cell transplants can be done by obtaining cells from the bone-marrow, blood or umbilical-cord blood. Stem cell transplants ... are produced in the bone marrow. The marrow continues to produce abnormal cells that crowd the other blood cells and do not ... The white blood cells over-produce, crowding the other blood cells in the bone marrow. Another type of acute leukemia is acute ... Remission means that cancer is no longer detected in the bone marrow or blood and that normal cells have returned to the bone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhood_leukemia

The anemia is caused by underdevelopment of the bone marrow, which is where blood cells are formed. It is named after the ... A bone marrow biopsy may be performed. As with most genetic diseases there is no way to prevent the entire disease. With prompt ... A bone marrow transplant may be necessary if other treatment fails.[citation needed] Anemia usually resolves over the years.[ ... Decreased white blood cells alter the body's ability to fight infection. If a heart defect exists, it may cause multiple ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aase_syndrome

... it is a solid collection of leukemic cells occurring outside of the bone marrow. Chloromas are rare; exact estimates of their ... the mean interval until bone marrow relapse was 7 months (range, 1 to 19 months). Chloromas may occur in patients with a ... those whose myeloblasts express T-cell surface markers, CD13, or CD14 those with high peripheral white blood cell counts ... Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be considered in fit patients with suitable available donor, as long ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloid_sarcoma

In the hollow within bones are many other cell types of the bone marrow. Components that are essential for osteoblast bone ... Individual cells cannot make bone. A group of organized osteoblasts together with the bone made by a unit of cells is usually ... Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that derive from hematopoietic progenitors in the bone marrow which also give rise to ... "Osteopontin deficiency increases bone fragility but preserves bone mass". Bone. 46 (6): 1564-73. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2010.02.014 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteoblast

The physician then uses a special syringe to collect the bone marrow. The cells are spun down with special centrifuge devices, ... "Clinical Outcomes of Transplanted Modified Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Stroke: A Phase 1/2a Study". Stroke: ... The patient's stem cells are stored in a clinical-grade cryogenic biorepository for future withdrawal, expansion, and use in ... Forever Labs is a longevity company that uses an outpatient procedure to harvest adult Mesenchymal stem cells for possible ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forever_Labs

SCIMP is expressed in antigen-presenting cells (APC), namely B cells, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and macrophages. Like ... SCIMP is present in the immunological synapse during antigen presentation between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell (APC ... a tyrosine-phosphorylated adaptor protein selectively expressed by T cells and natural killer cells". J Exp Med. 187 (7): 1157- ... "Non-T Cell Activation Linker (NTAL): A Transmembrane Adaptor Protein Involved in Immunoreceptor Signaling". Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCIMP_protein

They are produced by B cells, which are made in the bone marrow and found in the blood. Antibodies are Y-shaped which allows ... Research has shown that Theca cells could be part of a potential mechanism but more research should be done to verify the ... Antibodies target its own cells, tissues, and organs. Antibodies are made by the immune system as a response to an infection. ... Research showed that Theca cells were targeting the autoimmune deficiency within the ovary. And in 2011, a research was done on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_oophoritis

Another product is iron, which is used in the formation of new blood cells in the bone marrow. Medicine treats the spleen ... These include the various cells of the gastric glands, taste cells, pancreatic duct cells, enterocytes and microfold cells. ... The palate is hard at the front of the mouth since the overlying mucosa is covering a plate of bone; it is softer and more ... The parietal cells in the fundus of the stomach, produce a glycoprotein called intrinsic factor which is essential for the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_digestive_system

Plasma cells originate in the bone marrow; B cells differentiate into plasma cells that produce antibody molecules closely ... After leaving the bone marrow, the B cell acts as an antigen presenting cell (APC) and internalizes offending antigens, which ... Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells, plasmocytes, plasmacytes, or effector B cells, are white blood cells that secrete ... In humans, CD27 is a good marker for plasma cells, naive B cells are CD27-, memory B-cells are CD27+ and plasma cells are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cells

... bone marrow transplantation, and HIV-1 infection. Annual Review of Immunology. 2000, 18: 529-560. ISSN 0732-0582. PMID 10837068 ... T Cells to protect tumour cells. Nature Communications. March 2018, 9 (1): 948. PMC 5838096. PMID 29507342. doi:10.1038/s41467- ... 细胞毒性T细胞(CTLs, killer T cells)负责杀伤被病毒感染的细胞和癌细胞，在对器官移植的免疫排斥中也有参与。其特点在于细胞表面的CD8蛋白质。它通过识别所有有核细胞

https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/T细胞

2009). "Meningioma 1 gene is differentially expressed in CD34 positive cells from bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic ... "Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 39 (3): 336-9. doi:10.1016/j.bcmd.2007.06.009. PMC 2387274. PMID 17698380.. ... Cell. Proteomics. 7 (3): 499-508. doi:10.1074/mcp.M700325-MCP200. PMID 18029348.. ... 2D3-regulated transcription factor MN1 stimulates vitamin D receptor-mediated transcription and inhibits osteoblastic cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MN1_

... marrow adipocytes and beta-pancreatic islets cells. Cyfeiriadau[golygu , golygu cod y dudalen]. *↑ Vunjak-Novakovic, G.; Tandon ... Bone-marrow Arall. Ffeiliau perthnasol ar Gomin Wicimedia. Mer esgyrn yw'r meinwe hyblyg tu mewn asgwrn. Gyda bodau dynol, mae ... macroffabau, sy'n cyfrannu'n sylweddol at gynhyrchiad Cell goch y gwaed, gan eu bod yn mynd a Haearn ar gyfer cynhyrchiad ... Mae'n hysbys fod MSCau yn addasu, yn vitro neu'n vivo, i osteoblastau, chondroctyeau (cell cartilag), have been shown to ...

https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mer_esgyrn

"Increased expression of preprotachykinin-I and neurokinin receptors in human breast cancer cells: implications for bone marrow ... Substance P has been known to stimulate cell growth in normal and cancer cell line cultures,[37] and it was shown that ... on cells (including cancer cells) bestowing upon them mobility.[40] and metastasis.[41] It has been suggested that cancer ... stem cells, white blood cells) in many tissues and organs. SP amplifies or excites most cellular processes.[15][16] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_P

Thomas' work showed that bone marrow cells infused intravenously could repopulate the bone marrow and produce new blood cells. ... "Bone Marrow Transplant" redirects here. For the journal abbreviated Bone Marrow Transplant, see Bone Marrow Transplantation ( ... Stem cell transplantation was pioneered using bone-marrow-derived stem cells by a team at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research ... Unlike other organs, bone marrow cells can be frozen (cryopreserved) for prolonged periods without damaging too many cells. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_Marrow_Transplant

"Improved liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis after autologous bone marrow cell infusion therapy". Stem Cells 24 (10 ... "Index of CD34+ Cells and Mononuclear Cells in the Bone Marrow of Spinal Cord Injury Patients of Different Age Groups: A ... stem cells in adult bone marrow and other tissues". Leukemia 21 (5): 860-7. PMID 17344915. ... "P-Selectin coated microtube for enrichment of CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from human bone marrow". Clin Chem ...

https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tüvirakud

Osteochondroprogenitor cells are progenitor cells that arise from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the bone marrow. They have ... before any genetic or morphological criteria were put in place for bone marrow or connective tissues. Osteoprogenitor cells can ... giving rise to either bone or cartilage respectively. Osteochondroprogenitor cells are important for bone formation and ... Osteoblasts are cells that group together to form units, called osteons, to produce bone. Runx2 (which may also be known as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteochondroprogenitor_cell

The organization hosts events throughout the year to support the hematology/oncology/bone marrow transplant unit[71] at ... engineering students and engineers from the Ford Motor Company and will seek to break the land speed record for hydrogen cell ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ohio_State_University

Talk:Boettcher cell. *Talk:Bone marrow. *Talk:Bone tissue. *Talk:Bony labyrinth ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Mid-importance_Anatomy_articles

Form a scaffolding for other cells. Type III collagen. liver, bone marrow, and lymphatic organs ... cartilage and bone.[15]:158 Cells of the immune system, such as macrophages, mast cells, plasma cells and eosinophils are found ... Bind bones and other tissues to each other. Alpha polypeptide chains. tendon, ligament, skin, cornea, cartilage, bone, blood ... The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells and leucocytes. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrous_connective_tissue

... clots of fat from the bone marrow can escape from the broken bone and travel to the lungs) ... However, it can also be caused by clumped cancer cells, fat, or bone. Rarely, while giving birth, a woman can get a clot of ... Recent fracture of one of the long bones in the leg (because having a broken leg makes it harder to move around; also, ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_embolism

Jude is the first known hospital in the world to cure sickle cell disease through bone marrow transplantation. Today, bone ... marrow transplantation still offers the only cure for sickle cell disease. Members of Kappa Alpha Psi reach out to churches in ... Members of Kappa Alpha Psi have committed to raise $500,000 in support of the hospital's sickle cell program. St. Jude has one ... Since that time, members across the country have joined in the fight against pediatric cancer, sickle cell disease, and other ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Jude_Children’s_Research_Hospital

These M cells then alert the underlying B cells and T cells in the tonsil that a pathogen is present and an immune response is ... The tonsils have on their surface specialized antigen capture cells called M cells that allow for the uptake of antigens ... Bone marrow. *Hematopoietic stem cell. Thymus. *Hassall's corpuscles. Secondary organs. Spleen. *Structure *Hilum ... "Tonsils Make T-Cells, Too, Ohio State Study Shows". Ohio State University. Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonsil

"Bone marrow suppression". Chemotherapy Principles: An In-depth Discussion. American Cancer Society. Archived from the original ... In oncology, the term nadir is used to represent the lowest level of a blood cell count while a patient is undergoing ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadir

Discontinuous capillaries as found in sinusoidal tissues of bone marrow, liver and spleen have little or no filter function.[1] ... Where the endothelial glycocalyx overlies an inter endothelial cell cleft, the plasma ultrafiltrate may pass to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capillary_hydrostatic_pressure

... which is the organ essential for T-cell maturation following the migration of precursor cells from the bone marrow. This age- ... "Enhanced differentiation of splenic plasma cells but diminished long-lived high-affinity bone marrow plasma cells in aged mice ... The cytotoxicity of Natural Killer (NK) cells and the antigen-presenting function of dendritic cells is known to diminish with ... Mocchegiani, E; M. Malavolta (2004). "NK and NKT cell functions in immunosenescence". Aging Cell. 3 (4): 177-184. doi:10.1111/j ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunosenescence

Then he sutured them together and attached them to the stump of bone to keep them from retracting.[16] This is the first known ... Gift of Life Marrow Registry. *Human Tissue Authority. *LifeSharers. *National Marrow Donor Program ... Surgeons usually connect the bones first, followed by tendons, arteries, nerves, veins, and skin. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hand_transplantation

... using tissue engineering with a scaffold derived from a rat meniscus and mesenchymal stromal cells derived from rat bone marrow ... Then these cells are injected into the patient. These cells are held in place by a small piece of soft tissue from the tibia, ... 10,000 cells are harvested and grown in vitro for approximately six weeks until the population reaches 10-12 million cells. ... is a biological treatment option for articular cartilage damage bone marrow stimulating technique in combination with a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_cartilage_replacement_therapy

... bone marrow - bone marrow suppression - booster - branched DNA assay - breakthrough infection - Broadway Cares/Equity Fights ... T suppressor cells - T4 cell - T4 cells (T-helper cells) - T8 cells - Tanner staging - TAT - TB - template - TeachAIDS - ... B-cell lymphoma - B cells - B lymphocytes (B cells) - bactericidal - bacteriostatic - bacterium - baculovirus - baseline - ... cells - CDC National Prevention Information Network (CDC-NPIN) - cell lines - cell-mediated immunity (CMI) - cellular immunity ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_AIDS-related_topics

All white blood cells are produced and derived from multipotent cells in the bone marrow known as hematopoietic stem cells. ... T cells: *CD4+ helper T cells: T cells displaying co-receptor CD4 are known as CD4+ T cells. These cells have T-cell receptors ... B cells: releases antibodies and assists activation of T cells. *T cells: *CD4+ Th (T helper) cells: activate and regulate T ... Natural killer cells: virus-infected and tumor cells.. Deeply staining, eccentric. NK-cells and cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cells. Years ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_cell

"Journal of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine.. *↑ "Index of CD34+ Cells and Mononuclear Cells in the Bone Marrow of Spinal ... Updated: 16 December 2013 Why Perform a Stem Cell Transplant?. *↑ Bone Marrow Transplantation and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell ... "Improved liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis after autologous bone marrow cell infusion therapy". Stem Cells 24 (10 ... Bone Marrow Transplant». ucsfchildrenshospital.org.. *↑ Ed Kane. «Stem-cell therapy shows promise for horse soft-tissue injury ...

https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cilmes_šūna

June 2008). "Stem cell transplantation for primary immunodeficiencies". Bone Marrow Transplant. 41 Suppl 2: S83-6. doi:10.1038/ ... cell responses to mitogens and allogeneic cells, cytokine production by cells Tests for B cell function: antibodies to routine ... natural killer cells and monocytes (CD15+), as well as activation markers (HLA-DR, CD25, CD80 (B cells). Tests for T cell ... Bone marrow transplant may be possible for Severe Combined Immune Deficiency and other severe immunodeficiences. Virus-specific ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_immunodeficiency

This agent also causes respiratory tract lesions, bone marrow depression, and eye damage, the epithelial tissues of these ... 57:51-9. Tang PS, Mura M, Seth R, Liu M. (2008) Acute lung injury and cell death: how many ways can cells die? Am J Physiol 294 ... There are two types of alveolar epithelial cells - Type 1 pneumocytes represent 90% of the cell surface area, and are easily ... Furthermore, when phosgene hydrolyzes it forms hydrochloric acid, which can damage the cell surface and cause cell death in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_inhalation_injury

For a long time, the most efficient approach had been to use bone marrow graft, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. ... Because of all these reasons, bone marrow grafts or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have seen a decrease in their ... The matrix surrounds the cells of the body in an organized meshwork and functions as the glue that holds the cells of the body ... Nearly every cell in the human body has 46 chromosomes, with 23 derived from each parent. The IDS gene is located on the X ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter_syndrome

"Effect of homologous bone marrow injections in x-irradiated rabbits". British Journal of Experimental Pathology. 38 (4): 401- ... Cell biologyEdit. Main article: Biomarker (cell). In cell biology, a biomarker is a molecule that allows the detection and ... Basu, P. K.; Miller, I.; Ormsby, H. L. (1960-03-01). "Sex chromatin as a biologic cell marker in the study of the fate of ... Neuronal cell body injury markers include Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), Astroglial ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarkers

Increased migration of cord blood-derived CD34+ cells, as compared to bone marrow and mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells ... KK Ballen, F Verter and J Kurtzberg Umbilical cord blood donation: public or private? Bone Marrow Transplantation (2015), 1-8 ... Human umbilical cord blood as a potential source of transplantable hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Proceedings of the ...

https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupočníková_krv

They are usually the first cells to arrive at the site of an infection.[5] The bone marrow of a normal healthy adult produces ... Instead, NK cells destroy compromised host cells, such as tumor cells or virus-infected cells. It recognises such cells by a ... Mast cells[change , change source]. Main article: Mast cell. Mast cells are a type of innate immune cell in connective tissue ... Natural killer cells[change , change source]. Main article: Natural killer cell. Natural killer cells, or NK cells, are a part ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

Anatomical terms of bone. নিতম্বাস্থি (ইনোমিনেট অস্থি, পেলভিক অস্থি[১]) একটি বড় সমতল অস্থি,যা দেহের কেন্দ্রে থাকে এবং উপর ও ... আলোকগ্রাহক কোষ (Photoreceptor cell). *দণ্ড কোষ (Rod cell). *শঙ্কু কোষ (Cone cell) ... অস্থি মজ্জা (Bone marrow). *থাইমাস গ্রন্থি (Thymus). *প্লীহা (Spleen). *তালুমূলগ্রন্থি (Tonsil). *লসিকাকোষ (Lymphocyte) ... Merriam Webster, http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/hip+bone *↑ ক খ গ Bojsen-Møller, Finn; Simonsen, Erik B.; Tranum-Jensen ...

https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/নিতম্বাস্থি

Campbell was the first to discover that cells of bone marrow origin contribute to intimal (the innermost coat of blood vessels ... Her most recent work involves the development of autologous vascular grafts from cells of bone marrow, known as the myeloid, ... she was the first to discover that smooth muscle cells can exist in a spectrum of phenotypes that control the cell's biology ... Professor Julie Campbell, Cell Biologist and Professorial Fellow at the Australian Institute for Bioengineering and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julie_Campbell_(vascular_biologist)

We describe a nonenzymatic method for obtaining bone marrow cells by flushing chick long bone with a syringe filled with ... We describe a nonenzymatic method for obtaining bone marrow cells by flushing chick long bone with a syringe filled with ... Fuller, M.D., Gardner, R.M., Trueblood, M.S. et al. Primary cultivation of embryonic chick bone marrow cells. Journal of Tissue ... Primary cultivation of embryonic chick bone marrow cells. *Mike D. Fuller1. , ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF01666015

He had to wait years, but 21-year-old Clayton resident Jacob Strickland finally got to help save a life - the life of a man he never met.

http://www.newsobserver.com/news/local/community/smithfield-herald/article10298885.html

A mass of bone marrow cells may be grown in a culture supplemented with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and epidermal growth ... and in targeting delivery of cells transfected with a particular gene to diseased or damaged tissue. ... factor (EGF). Further methods of the present invention are directed to utilizing the neural progenitor cells cultured in this ... A method is described for generating a clinically significant volume of neural progenitor cells from whole bone marrow. ...

http://www.google.com/patents/US8071366?dq=6825444

"Weve known that bone marrow cells are involved in wound healing and inflammation - now we have data that shows bone marrow ... Bone marrow has been studied for a number of purposes in recent years because it is rich in stem cells - cells that can go on ... Researchers found green cells throughout the body, but observed that the highest concentration of bone marrow cells was in ... "What we have here is a new cell population that was not previously recognized," Isik said. "The bone marrow cells help form the ...

http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/life-sciences/report-33141.html

... or 5-day delayed transfusion of bone marrow cells after TBI, or an increase in the number of donor bone marrow cells or ... MAT.; 62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE; 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; BONE MARROW CELLS; TRANSPLANTS; BIOLOGICAL RADIATION ... Prolonged survival was noted after transplantation of bone marrow cells from a one-DLA haplotype-mismatched donor. ... protocols were tested for their efficacy in increasng the incidence of engraftment of histoincompatible dog bone marrow cells. ...

https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/6355364

... have launched a Phase I clinical trial of CD34+ bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) for people with retinal conditions that cause ... vision loss from ischemia, or loss of blood flow, and cell degeneration. Led byDr. Susanna Park, the investigative team ... Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Clinical Trial for Retinal Diseases. April 11, 2013 - Researchers from the University of California, ... Davis (UC Davis), have launched a Phase I clinical trial of CD34+ bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) for people with retinal ...

http://www.blindness.org/bone-marrow-stem-cells-clinical-trial-retinal-diseases

Aldosterone Impairs Bone Marrow-Derived Progenitor Cell Formation. Takeshi Marumo, Hideki Uchimura, Matsuhiko Hayashi, Keiichi ... Aldosterone Impairs Bone Marrow-Derived Progenitor Cell Formation. Takeshi Marumo, Hideki Uchimura, Matsuhiko Hayashi, Keiichi ... Aldosterone Impairs Bone Marrow-Derived Progenitor Cell Formation. Takeshi Marumo, Hideki Uchimura, Matsuhiko Hayashi, Keiichi ...

http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/early/2006/07/17/01.HYP.0000235681.25685.cf

BONE MARROW CELLS; CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS; LUNGS; FIBROSIS; COLLAGEN; MITOTIC INDEX; RATS; ANIMAL CELLS; ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL ... The results indicate the significant cytogenetic changes in the bone marrow cells of asbestotic rats and also suggest that ... In the present study, cytogenetic effects of Indian chrysotile asbestos in rat bone marrow cells after 290 days of ... Journal Article: Induction of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells of asbestotic rats ...

https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/7066319

Also disclosed is a method for detecting binding between cell adhesion membrane proteins and cells having a potential to be ... The present invention relates to proteins associated with human bone marrow cell membranes for adhering hematopoietic cells to ... human bone marrow cell membranes. These proteins are soluble in lithium dodecyl sulfate but insoluble in 2% nonaethylene glycol ... Bone marrow cells are bone marrow supporting cells, such as stromal cells, fibroblasts, fat cells, endothellial cells, ...

http://www.google.com/patents/US5521067?dq=7751826

"We found that the bone marrow cells did not have a significant impact on the original end points that we chose, which involved ... For this new network study, 92 patients received a placebo or 100 million stem cells derived from the bone marrow in their hips ... In some patients, particularly those who were younger or whose bone marrows were enriched in certain stem cell populations, had ... Home Blood, Heart and Circulation Bone Marrow Stem Cells Improve Heart Function, Study Finds ...

https://www.healthcanal.com/blood-heart-circulation/27918-bone-marrow-stem-cells-improve-heart-function-study-finds.html

A study now combines single-cell and spatial transcriptomics with imaging to infer the cellular composition and spatial ... Different types of stromal cells in the bone marrow associate to form niches that support differentiating blood cells and ... its location in the bone marrow, differential and regional bone marrow cytokine enrichment and candidate interacting cells ... Different types of stromal cells in the bone marrow associate to form niches that support differentiating blood cells and ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41556-019-0447-6?error=cookies_not_supported&code=72bea5ea-58a2-4f65-a1f7-9be8d9230266

Since it is a simple procedure to collect stem cells from bone marrow, we hope that our research paves the way forward into ... Researchers based in Louisiana showed that therapy with human multipotent stromal cells (hMSC) isolated from bone marrow was ... investigates the therapeutic use of human stem cells from bone marrow against acute lung injury and identifies TNF-Ã ±-induced ... "Stem cell therapy shows great promise in the treatment of acute and life threatening conditions, such as acute lung injury and ...

http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/2047152/stem_cells_from_bone_marrow_save_the_day/?source=r_health

Injecting the hearts of angina sufferers with cells extracted from their own bone marrow can reverse the condition and relieve ... The researchers are now investigating which types of bone-marrow cell best help repair the heart. One theory is that a type of ... Healing the Heart with Bone-Marrow Cells. A new treatment may help angina sufferers who are resistant to surgery and medication ... The researchers then took bone marrow from participants hips and extracted the mass of mononuclear cells-an ill-defined mix of ...

https://www.technologyreview.com/2009/05/19/213045/healing-the-heart-with-bone-marrow-cells/

Stem cells from adult bone marrow normally generate bone, muscle, cartilage and fat cellsa limited set compared with embryonic ... Prior research with cultured tissue had shown that a mix of chemicals could change bone marrow stem cells from mice to those ... New findings suggest that a biochemical cocktail can coax adult bone marrow stem cells to become neurons, according to a report ... Scientists Find Wild Card Stem Cells in Bone Marrow. May 4, 2001 - Sergio Pistoi ...

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/scientists-coax-neurons-f/

Dendritic cell isolation from mouse body tissues can be difficult and the number of cells isolated small. This protocol ... the study of these cells is critical to gain a more complete understanding of their function. ... describes the growth of large number of dendritic cells from the culture of mouse ... While much is understood about dendritic cells and their role in the immune system, ...

https://www.rti.org/publication/bone-marrow-derived-dendritic-cells

Functional neural stem cells derived from adult bone marrow.. Bonilla S1, Silva A, Valdés L, Geijo E, García-Verdugo JM, ... Pluripotent hematopoietic cells from adult bone marrow may give rise not only to neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes after ... demonstrating the ability of adult bone marrow progenitors to generate self-renewing, functional neural stem cells, validating ... Furthermore, the bone marrow-derived NSC differentiate in vivo into functional oligodendrocytes and neurons following ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15893633?dopt=Abstract

F1 hybrid mice transplanted with parental bone marrow from either parent A or... ... Bone Marrow Graft Rejection as a Function of TNK Cells. In: Sitkovsky M.V., Henkart P.A. (eds) Cytotoxic Cells: Recognition, ... The role of asialo GM 1+ cells in the resistance to transplants of bone marrow or other tissues. In: NK Cells and Other Natural ... A novel cell type responsible for marrow graft rejection in mice. T cells with NK phenotype cause acute rejection of marrow ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-6814-4_39

The potential of bone marrow-derived cells to differentiate to glomerular mesangial cells. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2001. 12:1401- ... Multipotent adult progenitor cells from bone marrow differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells. J. Clin. Invest. 2002 ... Multi-organ, multi-lineage engraftment by a single bone marrow-derived stem cell. Cell. 2001. 105:369-377. View this article ... After transplantation of bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem cells or nonhematopoietic mesenchymal stem cells, muscle (2), ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/18847

... including bone marrow (BM), umbilical cord, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. MSCs secrete factors, including IL-6, M-CSF, ... endothelial cells, lung epithelial cells, hepatocytes, neurons, and pancreatic islets. MSCs have been identified as an adherent ... not only differentiate into types of cells of mesodermal lineage but also into endodermal and ectodermal lineages such as bone ... are prototypical adult stem cells with the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation with a broad tissue distribution. MSCs ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/2013/132642/

Bone marrow contains stem cells, which are immature cells that become blood cells. ... Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside your bones. ... Bone marrow contains stem cells, which are immature cells that ... There are two types of bone marrow donation:. *Autologous bone marrow transplant is when people donate their own bone marrow. " ... Bone marrow donation can be done either by collecting a donors bone marrow surgically, or by removing stem cells from a ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000839.htm

Peripheral-blood stem cells versus bone marrow from unrelated donors.. Anasetti C1, Logan BR, Lee SJ, Waller EK, Weisdorf DJ, ... Peripheral-Blood Stem Cells versus Bone Marrow from Unrelated Donors. N Engl J Med. 2012 Oct 18;367(16):10.1056/NEJMoa1203517. ... Peripheral-Blood Stem Cells versus Bone Marrow from Unrelated Donors. N Engl J Med. 2012 Oct 18;367(16):10.1056/NEJMoa1203517. ... Peripheral-blood versus bone marrow stem cells. [N Engl J Med. 2013] ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23075175

Breast cancer tumors can grow by recruiting other cells from bone marrow, lowering the chances of a patients survival, a new ... 26 (UPI) -- Breast cancer tumors can grow by recruiting other cells from bone marrow, lowering the chances of a patients ... New research suggests that breast cancers can increase their growth by recruiting stromal cells that form in bone marrow. Photo ... Breast cancer tumors may recruit bone marrow cells for growth. By Tauren Dyson ...

https://www.upi.com/Health_News/2018/11/26/Breast-cancer-tumors-may-recruit-bone-marrow-cells-for-growth/4781543264079/

Patients with chronic heart failure given injections of their own bone marrow stem cells have better heart function and live ... Bone marrow stem cells used in the study were taken from the top of the patients pelvis and sorted in the lab before being ... The study included 391 patients, of whom 191 agreed to have the bone marrow stem cell treatment and 200 did not. After five ... STOCKHOLM (Reuters) - Patients with chronic heart failure given injections of their own bone marrow stem cells have better ...

https://www.news24.com/health24/medical/heart/news/bone-marrow-cells-can-help-in-heart-failure-study-20120721-2

J. Sanchez-Ramos, S. Song, F. Cardozo-Pelaez et al., "Adult bone marrow stromal cells differentiate into neural cells in vitro ... "The development of fibroblast colonies in monolayer cultures of guinea-pig bone marrow and spleen cells," Cell and Tissue ... multi-lineage engraftment by a single bone marrow-derived stem cell," Cell, vol. 105, no. 3, pp. 369-377, 2001. View at ... Therapy Effects of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells on Ischemic Stroke. Xinchun Ye, Jinxia Hu, and Guiyun Cui ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/omcl/2016/7682960/ref/

... attempt to repair damaged heart of 16-year-old Dmitri Bonville using boys own stem cells, in what is believed to be first time ... Unlike the German procedure, which required a painful extraction of cells from the bone marrow, he extracted white blood cells ... Researchers working with animals at first assumed that injected bone marrow stem cells would turn into heart muscle cells, an ... Doctors Use Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Repair a Heart. By NICHOLAS WADE. MARCH 7, 2003. ...

http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/07/us/doctors-use-bone-marrow-stem-cells-to-repair-a-heart.html

David Steenblock of Mission Viejo, California, a pioneer in clinical applications of stem cells, is pleased to report the ... "Cerebral Palsy Improves After Bone Marrow Stem Cell Procedure." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 9 Jul. 2009. Web.. 21 ... Medicine, P. (2009, July 9). "Cerebral Palsy Improves After Bone Marrow Stem Cell Procedure." Medical News Today. Retrieved ... Contained within a patients own bone marrow are stem cells, which when given back to the same person intravenously, can ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/156874.php

Gifts including Bone Marrow Transplant Survivor & Donor Awareness shirts, clothing and gifts to encourage bone marrow donors. ... Sells unique Stem Cell Transplant Awareness & Survivor Shirts, Tees, Apparel & ...

https://www.cafepress.com/stemcelltransplantshirts

... kitPOS cells in the bone marrow and a redistribution of these cells from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood. This protocol ... bone marrow cells;. SCF,. stem cell factor;. G-CSF,. granulocyte-colony stimulating factor;. LV,. left ventricle;. EC,. ... It could be argued that cytokine treatment mobilized bone marrow stem cells and resident cardiac stem cells, which together ... kitPOS cells from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood (13). The number of circulating Lin− c-kitPOS cells increased 250- ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/98/18/10344?ijkey=85042f3cf2d62dc81fc75e6bea88cee4223dd168&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

BERKELEY - When stretched, a type of adult stem cell taken from bone marrow can be nudged towards becoming the type of tissue ... "For cartilage and bone, particularly at the joints, cells experience compression forces," said Li. "Stem cells seem to know the ... Researchers placed mesenchymal stem cells, extracted from bone marrow, onto a silicone membrane that was stretched ... Mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to turn into different types of connective tissue including bone, cartilage and muscle ...

https://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2006/10/23_stretch.shtml

in the bone marrow is shown. The number of KSL (. D. ) or CFU-C (. E. ) in bone marrow, blood, and spleen are shown. Data are ... CXCR2 expression in sinusoidal endothelial cells and the expression of 2 CXCR2 ligands, CXCL1 and CXCL2, in the bone marrow ... A resident population of dendritic cells (DCs) has been identified in murine bone marrow, but its contribution to the ... Ablation of cDCs was associated with an expansion of bone marrow endothelial cells and increased vascular permeability. ...

https://jci.org/articles/view/124829/figure/3

... the number of KSL cells in bone marrow (F) and spleen (G), the number of KSL-SLAM cells in bone marrow (H) and spleen (I), and ... Ablation of bone marrow DCs induces endothelial cell expansion and increased vascular permeability in the bone marrow. The ... Our data suggest that DCs regulate endothelial cell function in the bone marrow. The great majority of bone marrow DCs are in ... bone marrow DCs were identified as CX3CR1-GFPhi and MHC-IIhi Gr-1lo B220-/CD19- cells. As expected, bone marrow DCs expressed a ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/124829

... reduced CXCR4 expression in bone marrow mononuclear cells and caused mobilization of progenitor cells out of the bone marrow. ... Inside those progenitor cells, the microRNAs turn off a specific gene that allows the progenitor cells to leave the bone marrow ... For 15 years, it had been known that progenitor cells are released from the bone marrow after a heart attack. These cells move ... These myo-miRs were preferentially taken up by bone marrow mononuclear cells, and to a lesser extent, kidney cells. MicroRNAs, ...

https://www.infowars.com/heart-calls-on-bone-marrow-cells-for-healing-after-heart-attack/

Cells were then irradiated with 30 Gy, as performed for normal granulocyte concentrates. Cell viability and polyfunctional ... Therefore, we tested the effect of irradiation on HAdV-specific T cells, which had been expanded in vitro, by stimulating PBMCs ... The infusion of unmanipulated donor lymphocytes (DLIs) that contain virus-specific T cells is not feasible because of the risk ... Even 48 h after irradiation, 15.6% of expanded HAdV-specific T cells were apparently viable and cytolytically active. Although ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/bmt201486?error=cookies_not_supported&code=fc581564-38a1-48d8-90c7-a5a3792ea406

Nerve cells that have not merged with the insulin-producing bone marrow cells remain intact and function normally. "Based on ... "These insulin-producing bone marrow cells are like terrorists that infiltrate the nerve-cell populations," he said. They ... Previously, Chan and members of his laboratory had found that bone marrow cells were among a group of cells in organs other ... They found that, in diabetes, only nerve cells that have fused with bone marrow cells display the abnormal function and ...

http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/life-sciences/report-48122.html

Title : Small Molecule Protection of Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Descriptive Note : Technical Report,30 Sep 2015,29 ... Descriptors : stem cells , bone marrow , HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM formaldehyde , aldehydes , mass spectrometry , dna ...

http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD1026505

The tumors present in the breast recruit bone marrow cells, which increase their growth and the survival rate of the patient is ... Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy. Bone marrow biopsy and aspiration is the removal of some bone marrow tissue for diagnosis ... Breast tumors boost their growth by recruiting stromal cells from the bone marrow. This recruitment process of bone marrow ... The tumors containing bone marrow cells receive increased blood supply and grow faster than tumors containing only breast cells ...

https://www.medindia.net/news/recruitment-of-bone-marrow-cells-enhances-growth-of-breast-tumors-183991-1.htm

In a bone marrow transplant, the patients diseased bone marrow is destroyed and healthy bone marrow stem cells are infused ... About Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplant Bone marrow transplant (BMT) can strengthen the body to fight cancer by replacing the ... Types of Bone Marrow Transplants. There are several types of bone marrow transplants, also referred to as stem-cell transplants ... which are used to kill the cancer cells, with healthy stem cells found in bone marrow. ...

https://www.emoryhealthcare.org/centers-programs/bone-marrow-transplant-center/about-bmt.html

Despite successes in regenerating tissues with additive manufactured scaffolds optionally combined with different bioreactors, the highly organized open structure of such scaffolds poses still challenges in homogenously distributing cells and controlling their proliferation and differentiation capacities. (frontiersin.org)
These cells have the ability for multiple lineage differentiation. (allcells.com)

Among many cell populations constituting the bone and bone marrow microenvironment, osteoblasts (originated from mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoclasts (originated from hematopoietic stem cells) have been the main research focus for pro-tumorigenic roles. (elsevier.com)
Recently, increasing evidence further elucidates that hematopoietic lineage cells as well as stromal cells in the bone marrow mediate distinct but critical functions in tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis and apoptosis in the bone microenvironment. (elsevier.com)
This review article summarizes the key evidence describing differential roles of bone marrow cells, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), megakaryocytes, macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the development of metastatic bone lesions. (elsevier.com)
Hematopoietic and stromal cell populations in the bone marrow, previously considered as simple by-standers in the context of tumor metastasis, have distinct and active roles in promoting or suppressing tumor growth and metastasis in bone. (elsevier.com)

The noted discrepancy between studies with mice and dogs invalidated allogeneic resistance as measured in the mouse spleen assay as a model for bone marrow allograft rejection. (osti.gov)
Here we show that LPS, a component of gram-negative bacterial cell walls, in the lung airways, induces a rapid mobilization of BMPCs into the circulation in mice. (nii.ac.jp)
A ) Representative flow plots showing the gating strategy used to identify bone marrow monocytes, macrophages, and DCs using Cx3cr1CX gfp/+ mice. (jci.org)
H ) Bone marrow DCs were sorted from Cx3cr1 gfp/+ mice as Gr-1 - B220 - MHC-II hi CD11c hi CX3CR1-GFP hi cells. (jci.org)
The results were published in the report, " Partial Restoration of CFTR Function in cftr-Null Mice following Targeted Cell Replacement Therapy . (cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com)
Importantly, the delivery of bone marrow cells delayed lung infection with the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and increased survival of the mice. (cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com)
Researchers observed the same effects when they used bone marrow cells derived from mice with the mutated CTRF gene. (cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com)

BM-CD105+ Endothelial Cells are positively selected from bone marrow MNC, using a direct immunomagnetic CD105 MicroBeads labeling system. (allcells.com)
BM-CD105+ Endothelial cells express endoglin, a type III receptor of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß) receptor family. (allcells.com)
After 14 days of culture with Alpha-MEM + 10% FBS + 1% antimycotic-antibotic, there is a four-fold expansion of BM-CD105+ Endothelial cells. (allcells.com)

Macrophages and myeloid cells have pro-tumorigenic roles in general, suggesting a similar effect in the bone marrow. (elsevier.com)
Researchers concluded that bone marrow cells confer a dual benefit: an early non-specific beneficial effect against infections - possibly by recruiting macrophages and other immune cells that fight off infections - and a late beneficial effect linked to the expression of functional CTRF protein. (cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com)

Human bone marrow mononuclear cells are isolated from whole bone marrow of a single donor. (appliedstemcell.com)
Human bone marrow mononuclear cells contain CD34+ stem cells. (appliedstemcell.com)
Human bone marrow mononuclear cells enable researchers to investigate the immune system, stem cells, and regenerative medicine. (appliedstemcell.com)

abstract = "Bone serves one of the most congenial metastatic microenvironments for multiple types of solid tumors, but its role in this process remains under-explored. (elsevier.com)

One of the conventional approaches in tissue engineering is the use of scaffolds in combination with cells to obtain mechanically stable tissue constructs in vitro prior to implantation. (frontiersin.org)
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for tissue engineering-based cell therapies due to their multipotent character. (frontiersin.org)
The field of tissue engineering aims at applying the fundamentals of cell biology and materials engineering to construct replacements for damaged, diseased, or lost tissue ( Langer and Vacanti, 1993 ). (frontiersin.org)
These scaffolds provide the necessary support for cells to attach, proliferate, and differentiate, and define the overall shape of the tissue engineered transplant. (frontiersin.org)

Properties of the mouse embryo conditioned medium factor(s) stimulationg colony formation by mouse bone marrow cells grown in vitro. (elsevier.com)

Prolonged survival was noted after transplantation of bone marrow cells from a one-DLA haplotype-mismatched donor. (osti.gov)

A team of researchers led by Dr. Thomas Waddell of Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories and the McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine at Canada's University of Toronto found that - using a mouse model of cystic fibrosis - an optimized delivery of normal bone marrow cells contributes to the expression of CFTR proteins in the epithelial cells of the airways and restores fatty acids, which are altered in cystic fibrosis. (cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com)

In some patients, particularly those who were younger or whose bone marrows were enriched in certain stem cell populations, had even greater improvements in their ejection fractions. (healthcanal.com)

Conditioning protocols were tested for their efficacy in increasng the incidence of engraftment of histoincompatible dog bone marrow cells. (osti.gov)
However, this approach has been limited due to low levels of engraftment, or incorporation of the cells. (cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com)

Publications] Hirai H, Kubo H, Yamaya M, Nakayama K, Numasaki M, Kobayashi S, Suzuki S, Shibahara S, Sasaki H.: 'Microsatellite polymorphism in heme oxygenase-1 gene promoter is associated with susceptibility to oxidant-induced apoptosis in lymphoblastoid cell lines. (nii.ac.jp)
Megakaryocytes negatively regulate the extravasating tumor cells by inducing apoptosis and suppressing proliferation. (elsevier.com)

BMPCs accumulate within the inflammatory site and differentiate to become endothelial and epithelial cells. (nii.ac.jp)
This mucus could prevent grafted cells from reaching airway epithelial cells. (cysticfibrosisnewstoday.com)

Cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation (TBI), Corynebacterium parvum and TBI, a 3- or 5-day delayed transfusion of bone marrow cells after TBI, or an increase in the number of donor bone marrow cells or lymphocytes appeared to be ineffective. (osti.gov)

In this study, we show that the use of a biaxial rotating bioreactor, after static culture of human fetal MSCs (hfMSCs) seeded on synthetic polymeric scaffolds, improved the homogeneity of cell and extracellular matrix distribution and increased the total cell number. (frontiersin.org)
G ) Representative flow plot showing the expression of 2 human cDC markers, CD141 for cDC1 and CD1c for cDC2, on human bone marrow cDCs ( n = 3 donors). (jci.org)

Inflammatory stimuli induce a rapid and massive release of inflammatory cells including neutrophils from the bone marrow. (nii.ac.jp)

The majority of bone marrow dendritic cells have a cDC2-like phenotype, are enriched in the perivascular region, and have a unique RNA expression profile. (jci.org)

In the present study, cytogenetic effects of Indian chrysotile asbestos in rat bone marrow cells after 290 days of intratracheal inoculation, when it develops massive pulmonary fibrosis, were investigated. (osti.gov)

One of the conventional approaches is based on three-dimensional (3D) mechanically stable scaffolds in combination with multipotent cell types. (frontiersin.org)

In the asbestotic rats a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations was recorded and a decrease in mitotic index of bone marrow cells. (osti.gov)
The results indicate the significant cytogenetic changes in the bone marrow cells of asbestotic rats and also suggest that these changes directly or indirectly may be one of the biological events involved in eliciting the asbestos-mediated toxic responses. (osti.gov)

HSCs promote tumor growth by switching on angiogenesis, but at the same time compete with metastatic tumor cells for occupancy of osteoblastic niche. (elsevier.com)

One of the hurdles to overcome when combining additive manufactured scaffolds with MSCs is the resulting heterogeneous cell distribution and limited cell proliferation capacity. (frontiersin.org)

People with life-threatening diseases, such as leukemia , lymphoma , and myeloma can be treated with a bone marrow transplant . (medlineplus.gov)
This is now often called a stem cell transplant. (medlineplus.gov)
Autologous bone marrow transplant is when people donate their own bone marrow. (medlineplus.gov)
Allogenic bone marrow transplant is when another person donates bone marrow. (medlineplus.gov)
But only about 30% of people who need a bone marrow transplant can find a matching donor in their own family. (medlineplus.gov)
Doctors can then use the registry to find a matching donor for a person who needs a bone marrow transplant. (medlineplus.gov)
Stem cell transplant for cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Sells unique Stem Cell Transplant Awareness & Survivor Shirts, Tees, Apparel & Gifts including Bone Marrow Transplant Survivor & Donor Awareness shirts, clothing and gifts to encourage bone marrow donors. (cafepress.com)
The researchers removed bone marrow from the mice and then performed a stem cell transplant into a genetically identical strain of normal mice, whose cells do not glow green. (innovations-report.com)
Bone marrow transplant (BMT) can strengthen the body to fight cancer by replacing the blood building cells in the body that are destroyed by chemotherapy and radiation treatments, which are used to kill the cancer cells, with healthy stem cells found in bone marrow. (emoryhealthcare.org)
In a bone marrow transplant, the patient's diseased bone marrow is destroyed and healthy bone marrow stem cells are infused into the patient's blood-stream. (emoryhealthcare.org)
In a successful BMT transplant, the new bone marrow migrates to the cavities of the large bones and begins producing healthy, normal blood cells. (emoryhealthcare.org)
Here at Winship Cancer Institute Bone Marrow Transplant Center we believe patient information is a vital part of the transplant process. (emoryhealthcare.org)
Finding a bone marrow donor match is challenging and the number of bone marrow cells from a single harvest procedure are often not sufficient for a transplant. (redorbit.com)
The immediate goal is for us to see if we can take fewer blood stem cells from a donor and expand them for transplant. (redorbit.com)
The hope is that when a patient needs a bone marrow transplant to treat cancer or another disease, we can find the cells that match, expand them and use them. (redorbit.com)
One treatment for patients with blood cancers produced by abnormal blood cells is to remove the unhealthy marrow and transplant healthy blood stem cells from a donor. (redorbit.com)
Patients with some cancers may also need a bone marrow transplant when anticancer treatments damage the blood. (redorbit.com)
Researchers found cells in the women's brains with the male, or "Y", chromosome, essentially meaning the women had transgender brain tissue.In the woman who survived the longest after the transplant, evidence of the male cells was present in nerve cells as well. (medindia.net)
In this study, the team performed a bone marrow (with vitamin D receptors) transplant for a mouse model without vitamin D receptors (this means it has a high concentration of vitamin D in the body) to create a myelofibrosis model. (news-medical.net)
Professor Katayama comments: 'The only permanent cure for this disease is hematopoietic stem cell transplant, but this method is unsuitable for many elderly patients. (news-medical.net)
If you have had a bone marrow transplant, you will need to stay in hospital for around four to six weeks. (guysandstthomas.nhs.uk)
At NewYork-Presbyterian, bone marrow transplant candidates benefit from the world-class care and experience, in a compassionate environment. (nyp.org)
We have advanced, dedicated bone marrow transplant units offering personal monitoring and special airflow systems for patients with weakened immune systems. (nyp.org)
You may have the opportunity to participate in a clinical trial studying new, safer methods of preparing for, receiving, and recovering from a bone marrow transplant. (nyp.org)
Our transplant programs offer access to highly innovative cellular treatment protocols including gene therapeutic approaches (for sickle cell disease) or cellular immunotherapy for treatment or prevention of viral diseases. (nyp.org)
Stem cell transplant is a complex and often-arduous process for both the patient and his or her caregivers. (nyp.org)
Stem cell transplant (also known as bone marrow transplant or BMT) is an established treatment for many cancers and blood diseases once considered incurable. (uchospitals.edu)
Ongoing advances in stem cell transplant are expanding its availability and improving outcomes for patients, young and old. (uchospitals.edu)
Here at the University of Chicago Medicine, the brightest minds in medicine are ready to meet the needs of all patients considering a stem cell transplant. (uchospitals.edu)
We offer the latest promising approaches in blood and bone marrow stem cell transplant. (uchospitals.edu)
Recognizing the distinct needs of this population, we've assembled a multidisciplinary team of stem cell transplant and geriatric oncology experts to design a care program tailored specifically for patients over 60. (uchospitals.edu)
The Stem Cell Transplant Unit, located on the top floor of the Center for Care and Discovery, offers the newest technology as well as many thoughtful patient and family amenities. (uchospitals.edu)
The unit integrates both inpatient and outpatient stem cell transplant care services in one convenient location. (uchospitals.edu)
This groundbreaking work influenced many scientists investigating bone marrow transplant for humans, including the winner of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. (uchospitals.edu)
For information about stem cell transplant for children and teens, visit the Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant page on the University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital website. (uchospitals.edu)
When this happens, your child may require a very complex process called a stem cell or bone marrow transplant. (cookchildrens.org)
The Children's Oncology Group (COG ) stem cell transplant section. (cookchildrens.org)
Stem cells that come from an individual patient for their own use (autologus transplant) are collected from the blood through a special IV catheter after receiving chemotherapy. (cookchildrens.org)
These cells are frozen before the child or teen undergoes a transplant. (cookchildrens.org)
Just 24 hours after a transplant, the sterilized mice had new egg cells and follicles, the nurturing group of cells that encloses each egg cell. (bio-medicine.org)
Two months after bone marrow transplant, the ovaries of normal mice and mice that had undergone chemotherapy appeared nearly identical, Tilly and colleagues discovered. (bio-medicine.org)
A bone marrow or stem cell transplant is a procedure to remove stem cells from blood or bone marrow. (drugs.com)
You may need several days of tests to make sure your body is ready for stem cell transplant. (drugs.com)
If you have an autologous stem cell transplant, you will have your own blood or bone marrow removed from your body about 2 weeks before your transplant. (drugs.com)
Before a stem cell transplant, you may receive cancer treatment, such as chemo or radiation. (drugs.com)
You will be monitored very closely after stem cell transplant. (drugs.com)
You may also need medicines to treat side effects from the stem cell transplant. (drugs.com)
If you get an autologous stem cell transplant, it may contain cancer cells, and the cancer may spread to other parts of your body. (drugs.com)
Listed below are our archive of questions and answers from The Bone Marrow Transplant Forum for the medical topic: Bone Marrow Transplant. (medhelp.org)
Please feel free to browse our Bone Marrow Transplant archive below, search our site for additional information about bone marrow transplant, or browse the full archives for this forum. (medhelp.org)
Researchers have for the first time performed a successful bone marrow transplant to cure sickle cell disease in adults, a feat that could expand the procedure to more of the 70,000 Americans with the disease -- and possibly some other diseases as well. (dailypress.com)
The researchers developed a new regimen using about a quarter of the radiation dose normally required for a bone marrow transplant and smaller quantities of drugs to kill bone marrow cells. (dailypress.com)
Because not all of the host marrow cells are killed, the patient retains some immunity and does not have to be kept in a germ-free environment in the hospital for as long as they would with a conventional transplant. (dailypress.com)
Thousands of people with blood cancers and other diseases - like sickle cell anemia - need a marrow or blood stem cell transplant to survive. (ne.gov)
70% of those needing a marrow transplant don't have a fully-matched donor in their family. (ne.gov)
A blood stem cell transplant replaces a person's unhealthy blood-forming cells with healthy ones. (ne.gov)
A stem cell or bone marrow transplant replaces damaged blood cells with healthy ones. (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
A stem cell transplant involves destroying any unhealthy blood cells and replacing them with stem cells removed from the blood or bone marrow. (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
A stem cell transplant will usually only be carried out if other treatments haven't helped, the potential benefits of a transplant outweigh the risks and you're in relatively good health, despite your underlying condition. (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
What does a stem cell transplant involve? (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
A stem cell transplant can involve taking healthy stem cells from the blood or bone marrow of one person - ideally a close family member with the same or similar tissue type (see below) - and transferring them to another person. (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
It's also possible to remove stem cells from your own body and transplant them later, after any damaged or diseased cells have been removed. (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
A stem cell transplant has 5 main stages. (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
Having a stem cell transplant can be an intensive and challenging experience. (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
Read more about what happens during a stem cell transplant ↗ . (axappphealthcare.co.uk)
The history of stem cell transplant goes back as early as 1939, when the first documented clinical transplant was performed. (medscape.com)
In 1968, the first successful allogenic stem cell transplant was made possible followed by series of achievements in 1970s and 1980s. (medscape.com)
Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) has a significant role in relapsed patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) after stem cell transplant. (medscape.com)
The success of collection of mobilized stem cells from peripheral blood was a milestone in the history of transplant. (medscape.com)
Stem cell donor and HLA matching are integral to improving the success of a transplant, to promoting engraftment or the growth of new cells, and to preventing transplant rejection, also known as GVHD. (wdxcyber.com)
There are three antigen groups that are considered important when it comes to matching for a stem cell transplant. (wdxcyber.com)
It is the responsibility of a transplant center to find a stem cell donor for a patient, and not the individual. (wdxcyber.com)
A doctor may perform a preliminary search for a donor without obliging the patient to necessarily undergo a stem cell transplant. (wdxcyber.com)
This search is completely free of charge, and further analysis would be necessary should a stem cell transplant treatment be chosen over other options. (wdxcyber.com)
If a donor match cannot be found, your doctor may recommend stem cell transplant alternatives. (wdxcyber.com)
Many stem cell transplant centers will look at more than the crucial six HLA types of antigens in order to a select a donor and insure an ideal match. (wdxcyber.com)
The procedure to collect blood stem cells for your transplant is called a bone marrow harvest or peripheral blood stem cell harvest. (bmtinfonet.org)
If you are providing the blood stem cells for a transplant, they will either be collected from your bloodstream (peripheral blood) or from your bone marrow. (bmtinfonet.org)
If you are collecting stem cells for your own transplant, chemotherapy drugs may be used to help move the stem cells out of your bone marrow into the bloodstream. (bmtinfonet.org)
It can take one to three days to collect enough stem cells for transplant. (bmtinfonet.org)
The procedure used to collect bone marrow for transplant is called a bone marrow harvest. (bmtinfonet.org)
Several skin and bone punctures are required to extract sufficient bone marrow for transplant. (bmtinfonet.org)
GVHD is a common problem after a transplant using donor cells. (bmtinfonet.org)
If the transplanted marrow is from another person, it is called an allogeneic transplant. (lymphomainfo.net)
In PBSCTs, another type of autologous transplant, the patient's blood is passed through a machine that removes the stem cells - the immature cells from which all blood cells develop. (lymphomainfo.net)
DKMS connects its donors with patients around the world in need of a bone marrow transplant. (lymphomainfo.net)
If you have leukemia, lymphoma, or other blood cancer, a stem cell transplant could be the right option for you. (uvahealth.com)
A stem cell transplant still requires chemotherapy and sometimes, radiation. (uvahealth.com)
However, if successful, a stem cell transplant can offer a lot of hope. (uvahealth.com)
Learn what to expect from the bone marrow transplant procedure and recovery . (uvahealth.com)
For patients with life-threatening blood diseases, a donor stem cell transplant replaces the diseased blood cells with healthy ones. (uvahealth.com)
Is stem cell transplant an option for you? (uvahealth.com)
Stem cell transplant can treat a number of cancers and blood disorders. (uvahealth.com)
Let us help you determine if stem cell transplant could be the right answer for you. (uvahealth.com)
UVA's Stem Cell Transplant Program doesn't just care for patients using advanced treatments, but we're always looking for better and more effective ways of detecting, preventing and treating disease. (uvahealth.com)

As part of their continuing effort to skip over the ethical and political hurdles surrounding embryonic stem cells, researchers have unlocked even more potential from the adult kind. (scientificamerican.com)

Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells differentiate to generate all major blood cell lineages and are supported by the bone marrow stroma. (nature.com)
One theory is that a type of progenitor cell called a mesenchymal cell, which gives rise to muscle and bone tissue, might encourage the growth of new blood vessels by releasing growth factors. (technologyreview.com)
The origin of fibroblasts in pulmonary fibrosis is assumed to be intrapulmonary, but their extrapulmonary origin and especially derivation from bone marrow (BM) progenitor cells has not been ruled out. (jci.org)
Thus the collagen-producing lung fibroblasts in pulmonary fibrosis can also be derived from BM progenitor cells. (jci.org)
A method is described for generating a clinically significant volume of neural progenitor cells from whole bone marrow. (google.com)
Further methods of the present invention are directed to utilizing the neural progenitor cells cultured in this fashion in the treatment of various neuropathological conditions, and in targeting delivery of cells transfected with a particular gene to diseased or damaged tissue. (google.com)
2. The neural progenitor cells of claim 1 , wherein the medium further comprises a supplement selected from the group consisting of B27, N2, and combinations thereof. (google.com)
3. The neural progenitor cells of claim 1 , wherein the medium further comprises an additional compound selected from the group consisting of interleukin-3 (IL-3), stem cell factor-1 (SCF-1), sonic hedgehog (Shh), fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 (Flt3) ligand, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and combinations thereof. (google.com)
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method for generating a clinically substantial volume of neural progenitor cells from mammalian whole bone marrow. (google.com)
Further embodiments of the present invention are directed to the treatment of neurological disorders using neural progenitor cells cultured in this fashion. (google.com)
progenitor cells, in turn, proliferate into the differentiated cells that populate the body. (google.com)
Certain maturation-promoting polypeptides cause the myeloid stem cell to differentiate into precursor cells, which in turn differentiate into various progenitor cells. (google.com)
It is the progenitor cells that proliferate into the various lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, and other cells that comprise blood tissue of the body. (google.com)
Factors secreted by endothelial progenitor cells enhance neurorepair responses after cerebral ischemia in mice," PLoS ONE , vol. 8, no. 9, Article ID e73244, 2013. (hindawi.com)
Ablation of conventional DCs (cDCs) results in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization that was greater than that seen with ablation of bone marrow macrophages, and cDC ablation also synergizes with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to mobilize HSPCs. (jci.org)
These exosomes preferentially carry the microRNAs to progenitor cells in the bone marrow. (infowars.com)
Inside those progenitor cells, the microRNAs turn off a specific gene that allows the progenitor cells to leave the bone marrow and enter the bloodstream. (infowars.com)
For 15 years, it had been known that progenitor cells are released from the bone marrow after a heart attack. (infowars.com)
The UAB and Chinese researchers have now linked those two observations by identifying the cargo carrier that ferries those heart-muscle microRNAs, locating the preferred destination of the cargo carrier and describing the microRNA mechanism that releases the progenitor cells from the bone marrow. (infowars.com)
It was known that blockade of a chemokine receptor called CXCR4 mediates mobilization of bone marrow progenitor cells into the blood circulation and contributes to repair of heart muscle after heart attacks. (infowars.com)
Thus, overall, the injured heart is signaling to mobilize the bone marrow progenitor cells. (infowars.com)
Our work reveals that exosomes released from the ischemic heart are in fact mediating the systemic response of bone marrow progenitor cells to the site of injury," the researchers reported. (infowars.com)
The new study suggests an unexpected source for the progenitor cells t. (bio-medicine.org)
The new study suggests an unexpected source for the progenitor cells that can jumpstart new egg cell production--outside of the ovary--say Jonathan Tilly and colleagues at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. (bio-medicine.org)
Further results suggest that the ovary itself is sending out a chemical signal to the bone marrow, readying the progenitor cells to travel to the ovary and restock its egg cell supply. (bio-medicine.org)
It could ultimately be possible, they continued, to inject these stem cells into patients, or to induce the patient's own stem cells to differentiate into progenitor cells capable of arterial repair, to forestall or even prevent the development of atherosclerosis, a disease process that causes arteries to clog and become less elastic. (brightsurf.com)

Hematopoietic stem cells can be found in bone marrow (the spongy tissue inside bones), the bloodstream, or the umbilical cord blood of newborn babies. (cookchildrens.org)

Nov. 26 (UPI) -- Breast cancer tumors can grow by recruiting other cells from bone marrow, lowering the chances of a patient's survival, a new study says. (upi.com)
Bone marrow stem cells used in the study were taken from the top of the patient's pelvis and sorted in the lab before being injected back into the heart area, where they improved ventricular function, or the heart's ability to pump blood. (news24.com)
Contained within a patient's own bone marrow are stem cells, which when given back to the same person intravenously, can migrate to injured areas and repair tissue(s) that are damaged, even if the damage occurred over sixteen years ago. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The cells are obtained by inserting a needle into the patient's hip bone. (blindness.org)
The stem cells are then injected into the patient's eye. (blindness.org)
These stem cells are then thawed and put back into the patient's body after high-dose chemotherapy treatment is complete. (cookchildrens.org)
While all three types of blood cells can replenish a patient's blood and bone marrow cells, there are advantages and disadvantages to each. (cookchildrens.org)
This is because umbilical cord blood contains immature stem cells that are less likely to attack a patient's immune system. (wdxcyber.com)
When high doses of chemotherapy are planned, which can destroy the patient's bone marrow, physicians will typically remove marrow from the patient's bone before treatment and freeze it. (lymphomainfo.net)

Furthermore, the bone marrow-derived NSC differentiate in vivo into functional oligodendrocytes and neurons following demyelinating lesions, thus, demonstrating the ability of adult bone marrow progenitors to generate self-renewing, functional neural stem cells, validating this approach as an alternative source of long-lasting neural stem cells with therapeutic implications in neurodegenerative diseases. (nih.gov)
Stem cells in the adult have traditionally been thought to be restricted in their potential to differentiate and regenerate tissues in which they reside. (jci.org)
Adult bone marrow stromal cells differentiate into neural cells in vitro," Experimental Neurology , vol. 164, no. 2, pp. 247-256, 2000. (hindawi.com)
On this basis, we hypothesized here that BMC, mobilized by stem cell factor and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, would home to the infarcted region, replicate, differentiate, and ultimately promote myocardial repair. (pnas.org)
The engineered protein maintains the expanded HSCs in a stem-like state -- meaning, they will not differentiate into specialized blood cell types before they are transplanted in the recipient's bone marrow. (redorbit.com)
Publication date: Available online 17 July 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory MechanismsAuthor(s): Adam M. Heck, Carol J. WiluszAbstractIn order to maintain a state of self-renewal, yet retain the ability to rapidly differentiate in response to external signals, pluripotent cells exert tight control over gene expression at many levels. (medworm.com)
The potential for stem cells in bone marrow (BM) to differentiate into hepatocytes cells was recently confirmed. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Human bone marrow stromal cells derived in ACF medium (Catalog #70071) using the MesenCult™-ACF Culture Kit (Catalog #05449) differentiate to A) adipocytes (Oil Red O staining), B) chondrocytes (Alcian Blue and Nuclear Fast Red staining) and C) osteoblasts (Alizarin Red S staining). (stemcell.com)
Initially arising within the central nervous system, NC cells subsequently undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition to migrate into the periphery, where they differentiate into diverse cell types. (stemcell.com)
Bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) c

Anatomy48

Organisms18

Diseases43

Chemicals and Drugs52

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment54

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Named Groups1

Health Care3

Thymic selection by a single MHC/peptide ligand: autoreactive T cells are low-affinity cells. (1/12182)

gp49B1 inhibits IgE-initiated mast cell activation through both immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, recruitment of src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1, and suppression of early and late calcium mobilization. (2/12182)

Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in human bone marrow. (3/12182)

Disproportionate recruitment of CD8+ T cells into the central nervous system by professional antigen-presenting cells. (4/12182)

Detection of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus DNA sequences in multiple myeloma bone marrow stromal cells. (5/12182)

Bone marrow and peripheral blood dendritic cells from patients with multiple myeloma are phenotypically and functionally normal despite the detection of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus gene sequences. (6/12182)

Effects of short-term administration of G-CSF (filgrastim) on bone marrow progenitor cells: analysis of serial marrow samples from normal donors. (7/12182)

Immunoregulatory cytokines in bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell products. (8/12182)

Bone Marrow Cells

Bone Marrow

Bone Marrow Transplantation

Bone and Bones

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Bone Marrow Diseases

Colony-Forming Units Assay

Hematopoiesis

Bone Remodeling

Bone Marrow Examination

Bone Marrow Neoplasms

Mice, Inbred C57BL

Cell Differentiation

Radiation Chimera

Bone Resorption

Cells, Cultured

Bone Density

Granulocytes

Bone Marrow Purging

Transplantation, Homologous

Spleen

Whole-Body Irradiation

Antigens, CD34

Flow Cytometry

Osteoclasts

Transplantation, Autologous

Colony-Stimulating Factors

Bone Neoplasms

Leukemia

Bone Development

Stromal Cells

Megakaryocytes

Cell Separation

Mice, Inbred BALB C

Cell Division

Transplantation Chimera

Interleukin-3

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Bone Diseases

Osteogenesis

Erythropoiesis

Anemia, Aplastic

Thymus Gland

Graft vs Host Disease

Mice, Inbred Strains

Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute

Time Factors

Bone Regeneration

Mice, Knockout

Osteoblasts

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

Cell Lineage

T-Lymphocytes

Stem Cells

Mice, Transgenic

Stem Cell Factor

Retroviridae

Leukemia, Myeloid

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Cell Count

Macrophages

Mice, Inbred C3H

Blood Cells

Graft Survival

Chimera

Antigens, CD

Multiple Myeloma

Bone Transplantation

Clone Cells

Femur

Immunophenotyping

B-Lymphocytes

Leukocyte Count

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit

Bone Matrix

Blood Cell Count

Pancytopenia

Erythroid Precursor Cells

Antibodies, Monoclonal