Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.
The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.
The transference of BONE MARROW from one human or animal to another for a variety of purposes including HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION or MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION.
A specialized CONNECTIVE TISSUE that is the main constituent of the SKELETON. The principle cellular component of bone is comprised of OSTEOBLASTS; OSTEOCYTES; and OSTEOCLASTS, while FIBRILLAR COLLAGENS and hydroxyapatite crystals form the BONE MATRIX.
Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.
A cytologic technique for measuring the functional capacity of stem cells by assaying their activity.
The development and formation of various types of BLOOD CELLS. Hematopoiesis can take place in the BONE MARROW (medullary) or outside the bone marrow (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY).
The continuous turnover of BONE MATRIX and mineral that involves first an increase in BONE RESORPTION (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive BONE FORMATION (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium HOMEOSTASIS. An imbalance in the regulation of bone remodeling's two contrasting events, bone resorption and bone formation, results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as OSTEOPOROSIS.
Removal of bone marrow and evaluation of its histologic picture.
Neoplasms located in the bone marrow. They are differentiated from neoplasms composed of bone marrow cells, such as MULTIPLE MYELOMA. Most bone marrow neoplasms are metastatic.
Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.
An organism whose body contains cell populations of different genotypes as a result of the TRANSPLANTATION of donor cells after sufficient ionizing radiation to destroy the mature recipient's cells which would otherwise reject the donor cells.
Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity.
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.
Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS.
Techniques for the removal of subpopulations of cells (usually residual tumor cells) from the bone marrow ex vivo before it is infused. The purging is achieved by a variety of agents including pharmacologic agents, biophysical agents (laser photoirradiation or radioisotopes) and immunologic agents. Bone marrow purging is used in both autologous and allogeneic BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION.
Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.
An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.
Irradiation of the whole body with ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. It is applicable to humans or animals but not to microorganisms.
Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.
Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.
A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption.
Transplantation of an individual's own tissue from one site to another site.
Glycoproteins found in a subfraction of normal mammalian plasma and urine. They stimulate the proliferation of bone marrow cells in agar cultures and the formation of colonies of granulocytes and/or macrophages. The factors include INTERLEUKIN-3; (IL-3); GRANULOCYTE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; (G-CSF); MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; (M-CSF); and GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; (GM-CSF).
Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)
The growth and development of bones from fetus to adult. It includes two principal mechanisms of bone growth: growth in length of long bones at the epiphyseal cartilages and growth in thickness by depositing new bone (OSTEOGENESIS) with the actions of OSTEOBLASTS and OSTEOCLASTS.
Connective tissue cells of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere.
Very large BONE MARROW CELLS which release mature BLOOD PLATELETS.
The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.
An organism that, as a result of transplantation of donor tissue or cells, consists of two or more cell lines descended from at least two zygotes. This state may result in the induction of donor-specific TRANSPLANTATION TOLERANCE.
A multilineage cell growth factor secreted by LYMPHOCYTES; EPITHELIAL CELLS; and ASTROCYTES which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells.
Transfer of HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS from BONE MARROW or BLOOD between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used as an alternative to BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION in the treatment of a variety of neoplasms.
Diseases of BONES.
The process of bone formation. Histogenesis of bone including ossification.
The production of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES). In humans, erythrocytes are produced by the YOLK SAC in the first trimester; by the liver in the second trimester; by the BONE MARROW in the third trimester and after birth. In normal individuals, the erythrocyte count in the peripheral blood remains relatively constant implying a balance between the rate of erythrocyte production and rate of destruction.
A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.
A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.
The clinical entity characterized by anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the GRAFT VS HOST REACTION.
Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.
Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Renewal or repair of lost bone tissue. It excludes BONY CALLUS formed after BONE FRACTURES but not yet replaced by hard bone.
Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.
Bone-forming cells which secrete an EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. HYDROXYAPATITE crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone.
A glycoprotein of MW 25 kDa containing internal disulfide bonds. It induces the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neutrophilic granulocyte precursor cells and functionally activates mature blood neutrophils. Among the family of colony-stimulating factors, G-CSF is the most potent inducer of terminal differentiation to granulocytes and macrophages of leukemic myeloid cell lines.
The developmental history of specific differentiated cell types as traced back to the original STEM CELLS in the embryo.
Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.
Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.
Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.
A hematopoietic growth factor and the ligand of the cell surface c-kit protein (PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT). It is expressed during embryogenesis and is a growth factor for a number of cell types including the MAST CELLS and the MELANOCYTES in addition to the HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS.
Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).
Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites.
An acidic glycoprotein of MW 23 kDa with internal disulfide bonds. The protein is produced in response to a number of inflammatory mediators by mesenchymal cells present in the hemopoietic environment and at peripheral sites of inflammation. GM-CSF is able to stimulate the production of neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, and mixed granulocyte-macrophage colonies from bone marrow cells and can stimulate the formation of eosinophil colonies from fetal liver progenitor cells. GM-CSF can also stimulate some functional activities in mature granulocytes and macrophages.
Clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. They predominantly affect patients over 60, are considered preleukemic conditions, and have high probability of transformation into ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA.
The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.
The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)
The cells found in the body fluid circulating throughout the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.
An individual that contains cell populations derived from different zygotes.
Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.
A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.
The grafting of bone from a donor site to a recipient site.
A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee.
Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.
Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.
The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.
A protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is specific for STEM CELL FACTOR. This interaction is crucial for the development of hematopoietic, gonadal, and pigment stem cells. Genetic mutations that disrupt the expression of PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-KIT are associated with PIEBALDISM, while overexpression or constitutive activation of the c-kit protein-tyrosine kinase is associated with tumorigenesis.
Extracellular substance of bone tissue consisting of COLLAGEN fibers, ground substance, and inorganic crystalline minerals and salts.
The number of LEUKOCYTES and ERYTHROCYTES per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD. A complete blood count (CBC) also includes measurement of the HEMOGLOBIN; HEMATOCRIT; and ERYTHROCYTE INDICES.
Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.
The cells in the erythroid series derived from MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS or from the bi-potential MEGAKARYOCYTE-ERYTHROID PROGENITOR CELLS which eventually give rise to mature RED BLOOD CELLS. The erythroid progenitor cells develop in two phases: erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) followed by erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-E); BFU-E differentiate into CFU-E on stimulation by ERYTHROPOIETIN, and then further differentiate into ERYTHROBLASTS when stimulated by other factors.
Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.
Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
A group of lymphocyte surface antigens located on mouse LYMPHOCYTES. Specific Ly antigens are useful markers for distinguishing subpopulations of lymphocytes.
Transplantation between genetically identical individuals, i.e., members of the same species with identical histocompatibility antigens, such as monozygotic twins, members of the same inbred strain, or members of a hybrid population produced by crossing certain inbred strains.
These growth factors comprise a family of hematopoietic regulators with biological specificities defined by their ability to support proliferation and differentiation of blood cells of different lineages. ERYTHROPOIETIN and the COLONY-STIMULATING FACTORS belong to this family. Some of these factors have been studied and used in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and bone marrow failure syndromes.
Clonal hematopoetic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. It starts in MYELOID CELLS of the bone marrow, invades the blood and then other organs. The condition progresses from a stable, more indolent, chronic phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, CHRONIC PHASE) lasting up to 7 years, to an advanced phase composed of an accelerated phase (LEUKEMIA, MYELOID, ACCELERATED PHASE) and BLAST CRISIS.
White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.
Precursor of an alkylating nitrogen mustard antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent that must be activated in the LIVER to form the active aldophosphamide. It has been used in the treatment of LYMPHOMA and LEUKEMIA. Its side effect, ALOPECIA, has been used for defleecing sheep. Cyclophosphamide may also cause sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer.
A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR OF NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B and OSTEOPROTEGERIN. It plays an important role in regulating OSTEOCLAST differentiation and activation.
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
A mononuclear phagocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) synthesized by mesenchymal cells. The compound stimulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells of the monocyte-macrophage series. M-CSF is a disulfide-bonded glycoprotein dimer with a MW of 70 kDa. It binds to a specific high affinity receptor (RECEPTOR, MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR).
A group of differentiation surface antigens, among the first to be discovered on thymocytes and T-lymphocytes. Originally identified in the mouse, they are also found in other species including humans, and are expressed on brain neurons and other cells.
Stem cells derived from HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS. Derived from these myeloid progenitor cells are the MEGAKARYOCYTES; ERYTHROID CELLS; MYELOID CELLS; and some DENDRITIC CELLS.
Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.
The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.
White blood cells. These include granular leukocytes (BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and NEUTROPHILS) as well as non-granular leukocytes (LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES).
All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Bone-marrow-derived, non-hematopoietic cells that support HEMATOPOETIC STEM CELLS. They have also been isolated from other organs and tissues such as UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD, umbilical vein subendothelium, and WHARTON JELLY. These cells are considered to be a source of multipotent stem cells because they include subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells.
High-molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of LEUKOCYTES and their hemopoietic progenitors. They contain a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity which plays a role in intracellular signaling from the CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. The CD45 antigens occur as multiple isoforms that result from alternative mRNA splicing and differential usage of three exons.
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
Formation of MYELOID CELLS from the pluripotent HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS in the BONE MARROW via MYELOID STEM CELLS. Myelopoiesis generally refers to the production of leukocytes in blood, such as MONOCYTES and GRANULOCYTES. This process also produces precursor cells for MACROPHAGE and DENDRITIC CELLS found in the lymphoid tissue.
Mice bearing mutant genes which are phenotypically expressed in the animals.
Conditions in which the abnormalities in the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes are not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria.
Surgical removal of the thymus gland. (Dorland, 28th ed)
An alkylating agent having a selective immunosuppressive effect on BONE MARROW. It has been used in the palliative treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC), but although symptomatic relief is provided, no permanent remission is brought about. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), busulfan is listed as a known carcinogen.
A technique of culturing mixed cell types in vitro to allow their synergistic or antagonistic interactions, such as on CELL DIFFERENTIATION or APOPTOSIS. Coculture can be of different types of cells, tissues, or organs from normal or disease states.
A humoral factor that stimulates the production of thrombocytes (BLOOD PLATELETS). Thrombopoietin stimulates the proliferation of bone marrow MEGAKARYOCYTES and their release of blood platelets. The process is called THROMBOPOIESIS.
The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.
The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.
Leukemia induced experimentally in animals by exposure to leukemogenic agents, such as VIRUSES; RADIATION; or by TRANSPLANTATION of leukemic tissues.
Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.
Synthetic or natural materials for the replacement of bones or bone tissue. They include hard tissue replacement polymers, natural coral, hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, and various other biomaterials. The bone substitutes as inert materials can be incorporated into surrounding tissue or gradually replaced by original tissue.
A neoplasm characterized by abnormalities of the lymphoid cell precursors leading to excessive lymphoblasts in the marrow and other organs. It is the most common cancer in children and accounts for the vast majority of all childhood leukemias.
The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.
Preparative treatment of transplant recipient with various conditioning regimens including radiation, immune sera, chemotherapy, and/or immunosuppressive agents, prior to transplantation. Transplantation conditioning is very common before bone marrow transplantation.
DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.
Immature, nucleated ERYTHROCYTES occupying the stage of ERYTHROPOIESIS that follows formation of ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS and precedes formation of RETICULOCYTES. The normal series is called normoblasts. Cells called MEGALOBLASTS are a pathologic series of erythroblasts.
Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.
A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. It has specificity for CXCR4 RECEPTORS. Two isoforms of CXCL12 are produced by alternative mRNA splicing.
The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the FIBULA laterally, the TALUS distally, and the FEMUR proximally.
Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.
Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.
The process of generating white blood cells (LEUKOCYTES) from the pluripotent HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS of the BONE MARROW. There are two significant pathways to generate various types of leukocytes: MYELOPOIESIS, in which leukocytes in the blood are derived from MYELOID STEM CELLS, and LYMPHOPOIESIS, in which leukocytes of the lymphatic system (LYMPHOCYTES) are generated from lymphoid stem cells.
Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.
A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.
Individuals supplying living tissue, organs, cells, blood or blood components for transfer or transplantation to histocompatible recipients.
The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue.
The release of stem cells from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood circulation for the purpose of leukapheresis, prior to stem cell transplantation. Hematopoietic growth factors or chemotherapeutic agents often are used to stimulate the mobilization.
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Drugs used to protect against ionizing radiation. They are usually of interest for use in radiation therapy but have been considered for other, e.g. military, purposes.
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.
The formation and development of blood cells outside the BONE MARROW, as in the SPLEEN; LIVER; or LYMPH NODES.
Formation of LYMPHOCYTES and PLASMA CELLS from the lymphoid stem cells which develop from the pluripotent HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS in the BONE MARROW. These lymphoid stem cells differentiate into T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; PLASMA CELLS; or NK-cells (KILLER CELLS, NATURAL) depending on the organ or tissues (LYMPHOID TISSUE) to which they migrate.
Abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Chromosome aberrations may result in CHROMOSOME DISORDERS.
An immunological attack mounted by a graft against the host because of tissue incompatibility when immunologically competent cells are transplanted to an immunologically incompetent host; the resulting clinical picture is that of GRAFT VS HOST DISEASE.
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.
Immunosuppression by reduction of circulating lymphocytes or by T-cell depletion of bone marrow. The former may be accomplished in vivo by thoracic duct drainage or administration of antilymphocyte serum. The latter is performed ex vivo on bone marrow before its transplantation.
The blood-making organs and tissues, principally the bone marrow and lymph nodes.
Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.
The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.
The classes of BONE MARROW-derived blood cells in the monocytic series (MONOCYTES and their precursors) and granulocytic series (GRANULOCYTES and their precursors).
Transfer of MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS between individuals within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS).
Disease having a short and relatively severe course.
The degree of antigenic similarity between the tissues of different individuals, which determines the acceptance or rejection of allografts.
The transfer of STEM CELLS from one individual to another within the same species (TRANSPLANTATION, HOMOLOGOUS) or between species (XENOTRANSPLANTATION), or transfer within the same individual (TRANSPLANTATION, AUTOLOGOUS). The source and location of the stem cells determines their potency or pluripotency to differentiate into various cell types.
Breaks in bones.
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.
Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins. They are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins.
Specialized forms of antibody-producing B-LYMPHOCYTES. They synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin. They are found only in lymphoid organs and at sites of immune responses and normally do not circulate in the blood or lymph. (Rosen et al., Dictionary of Immunology, 1989, p169 & Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p20)
A lymphohematopoietic cytokine that plays a role in regulating the proliferation of ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS. It induces maturation of MEGAKARYOCYTES which results in increased production of BLOOD PLATELETS. Interleukin-11 was also initially described as an inhibitor of ADIPOGENESIS of cultured preadipocytes.
Methods for maintaining or growing CELLS in vitro.
A potent osteoinductive protein that plays a critical role in the differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells into OSTEOBLASTS.
Induction and quantitative measurement of chromosomal damage leading to the formation of micronuclei (MICRONUCLEI, CHROMOSOME-DEFECTIVE) in cells which have been exposed to genotoxic agents or IONIZING RADIATION.
Signal molecules that are involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation.
Mapping of the KARYOTYPE of a cell.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Group of rare congenital disorders characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels. It is inherited as an X-linked or autosomal recessive defect. Mutations occurring in many different genes cause human Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID).
A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.
A de novo myeloproliferation arising from an abnormal stem cell. It is characterized by the replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue, a process that is mediated by CYTOKINES arising from the abnormal clone.
Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.
Transference of cells within an individual, between individuals of the same species, or between individuals of different species.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.
The development of new BLOOD VESSELS during the restoration of BLOOD CIRCULATION during the healing process.
Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.
Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.
Process by which organic tissue becomes hardened by the physiologic deposit of calcium salts.
A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.
Identification of the major histocompatibility antigens of transplant DONORS and potential recipients, usually by serological tests. Donor and recipient pairs should be of identical ABO blood group, and in addition should be matched as closely as possible for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in order to minimize the likelihood of allograft rejection. (King, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
The transfer of lymphocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.
Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
The grafting of skin in humans or animals from one site to another to replace a lost portion of the body surface skin.
Vitamin K-dependent calcium-binding protein synthesized by OSTEOBLASTS and found primarily in BONES. Serum osteocalcin measurements provide a noninvasive specific marker of bone metabolism. The protein contains three residues of the amino acid gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla), which, in the presence of CALCIUM, promotes binding to HYDROXYAPATITE and subsequent accumulation in BONE MATRIX.
The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.
A general term for the complex phenomena involved in allo- and xenograft rejection by a host and graft vs host reaction. Although the reactions involved in transplantation immunology are primarily thymus-dependent phenomena of cellular immunity, humoral factors also play a part in late rejection.
Deliberate prevention or diminution of the host's immune response. It may be nonspecific as in the administration of immunosuppressive agents (drugs or radiation) or by lymphocyte depletion or may be specific as in desensitization or the simultaneous administration of antigen and immunosuppressive drugs.
Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.
The effects of ionizing and nonionizing radiation upon living organisms, organs and tissues, and their constituents, and upon physiologic processes. It includes the effect of irradiation on food, drugs, and chemicals.
Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.
Experimentally produced harmful effects of ionizing or non-ionizing RADIATION in CHORDATA animals.
Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Specialized tissues that are components of the lymphatic system. They provide fixed locations within the body where a variety of LYMPHOCYTES can form, mature and multiply. The lymphoid tissues are connected by a network of LYMPHATIC VESSELS.
Mature osteoblasts that have become embedded in the BONE MATRIX. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi.
Toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon byproduct of coal distillation. It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide.
A pyrimidine nucleoside analog that is used mainly in the treatment of leukemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Its actions are specific for the S phase of the cell cycle. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p472)
Culture media containing biologically active components obtained from previously cultured cells or tissues that have released into the media substances affecting certain cell functions (e.g., growth, lysis).
2'-Deoxyuridine. An antimetabolite that is converted to deoxyuridine triphosphate during DNA synthesis. Laboratory suppression of deoxyuridine is used to diagnose megaloblastic anemias due to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies.
The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.
Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.
A tumor necrosis factor receptor family member that is specific for RANK LIGAND and plays a role in bone homeostasis by regulating osteoclastogenesis. It is also expressed on DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in regulating dendritic cell survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Thymic selection by a single MHC/peptide ligand: autoreactive T cells are low-affinity cells. (1/12182)

In H2-M- mice, the presence of a single peptide, CLIP, bound to MHC class II molecules generates a diverse repertoire of CD4+ cells. In these mice, typical self-peptides are not bound to class II molecules, with the result that a very high proportion of H2-M- CD4+ cells are responsive to the various peptides displayed on normal MHC-compatible APC. We show here, however, that such "self" reactivity is controlled by low-affinity CD4+ cells. These cells give spectacularly high proliferative responses but are virtually unreactive in certain other assays, e.g., skin graft rejection; responses to MHC alloantigens, by contrast, are intense in all assays. Possible explanations for why thymic selection directed to a single peptide curtails self specificity without affecting alloreactivity are discussed.  (+info)

gp49B1 inhibits IgE-initiated mast cell activation through both immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, recruitment of src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1, and suppression of early and late calcium mobilization. (2/12182)

We define by molecular, pharmacologic, and physiologic approaches the proximal mechanism by which the immunoglobulin superfamily member gp49B1 inhibits mast cell activation mediated by the high affinity Fc receptor for IgE (FcepsilonRI). In rat basophilic leukemia-2H3 cells expressing transfected mouse gp49B1, mutation of tyrosine to phenylalanine in either of the two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs of the gp49B1 cytoplasmic domain partially suppressed gp49B1-mediated inhibition of exocytosis, whereas mutation of both abolished inhibitory capacity. Sodium pervanadate elicited tyrosine phosphorylation of native gp49B1 and association of the tyrosine phosphatases src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) and SHP-2 in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (mBMMCs). SHP-1 associated transiently with gp49B1 within 1 min after coligation of gp49B1 with cross-linked FcepsilonRI in mBMMCs. SHP-1-deficient mBMMCs exhibited a partial loss of gp49B1-mediated inhibition of FcepsilonRI-induced exocytosis at concentrations of IgE providing optimal exocytosis, revealing a central, but not exclusive, SHP-1 requirement in the counter-regulatory pathway. Coligation of gp49B1 with cross-linked FcepsilonRI on mBMMCs inhibited early release of calcium from intracellular stores and subsequent influx of extracellular calcium, consistent with SHP-1 participation. Because exocytosis is complete within 2 min in mBMMCs, our studies establish a role for SHP-1 in the initial counter-regulatory cellular responses whereby gp49B1 immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs rapidly transmit inhibition of FcepsilonRI-mediated exocytosis.  (+info)

Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in human bone marrow. (3/12182)

The expression of neurotrophins and their receptors, the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75LNGFR) and the Trk receptors (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC), was investigated in human bone marrow from 16 weeks fetal age to adulthood. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, all transcripts encoding for catalytic and truncated human TrkB or TrkC receptors were detected together with trkAI transcripts, whereas trkAII transcripts were found only in control nerve tissues. Transcripts for the homologue of the rat truncated TrkC(ic113) receptor were identified for the first time in human tissue. Stromal adventitial reticular cells were found immunoreactive for all neutrophin receptors. In contrast, hematopoietic cell types were not immunoreactive for p75LNGFR but showed immunoreactivity for one or several Trk receptors. TrkA immunoreactivity was found in immature erythroblasts. Catalytic TrkB immunoreactivity was observed in eosinophilic metamyelocytes and polymorphonuclear cells. Truncated TrkB immunoreactivity was found in erythroblasts and megacaryocytes. Immunoreactivity for both catalytic and truncated TrkC receptor was observed in promyelocytes, myelocytes, some polymorphonuclear cells and megacaryocytes. Neutrophin transcript levels appeared higher at fetal than at adult stages, no variation in Trk family transcript levels was observed. The local expression of neurotrophin genes suggests a wide range of paracrine and/or autocrine mode of action through their corresponding receptors within the bone marrow.  (+info)

Disproportionate recruitment of CD8+ T cells into the central nervous system by professional antigen-presenting cells. (4/12182)

Inappropriate immune responses, thought to exacerbate or even to initiate several types of central nervous system (CNS) neuropathology, could arise from failures by either the CNS or the immune system. The extent that the inappropriate appearance of antigen-presenting cell (APC) function contributes to CNS inflammation and pathology is still under debate. Therefore, we characterized the response initiated when professional APCs (dendritic cells) presenting non-CNS antigens were injected into the CNS. These dendritic cells expressed numerous T-cell chemokines, but only in the presence of antigen did leukocytes accumulate in the ventricles, meninges, sub-arachnoid spaces, and injection site. Within the CNS parenchyma, the injected dendritic cells migrated preferentially into the white matter tracts, yet only a small percentage of the recruited leukocytes entered the CNS parenchyma, and then only in the white matter tracts. Although T-cell recruitment was antigen specific and thus mediated by CD4+ T cells in the models used here, CD8+ T cells accumulated in numbers equal to or greater than that of CD4+ T cells. Few of the recruited T cells expressed activation markers (CD25 and VLA-4), and those that did were primarily in the meninges, injection site, ventricles, and perivascular spaces but not in the parenchyma. These results indicate that 1) the CNS modulates the cellular composition and activation states of responding T-cell populations and that 2) myelin-restricted inflammation need not be initiated by a myelin-specific antigen.  (+info)

Detection of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus DNA sequences in multiple myeloma bone marrow stromal cells. (5/12182)

Whether Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with multiple myeloma (MM) remains controversial. We assayed for KSHV DNA sequences in long-term bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from 26 patients with MM and 4 normal donors. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers which amplify a KSHV gene sequence to yield a 233-bp fragment (KS330233 within open reading frame 26) was negative in all cases. Aliquots of these PCR products were used as templates in subsequent nested PCR, with primers that amplify a 186-bp product internal to KS330233. BMSCs from 24 of 26 (92%) patients with MM and 1 of 4 normal donors were KSHV PCR+. DNA sequence analyses showed interpatient specific mutations (2 to 3 bp). Both Southern blot and sequence analyses confirmed the specificity of PCR results. The presence of the KSHV gene sequences was further confirmed by amplifying T 1.1 (open reading frame [ORF] K7) and viral cyclin D (ORF 72), two other domains within the KSHV genome. Immunohistochemical studies of KSHV PCR+ MM BMSCs demonstrate expression of dendritic cell (DC) lineage markers (CD68, CD83, and fascin). Serological studies for the presence of KSHV lytic or latent antibodies were performed using sera from 53 MM patients, 12 normal donors, and 5 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/KSHV+ patients. No lytic or latent antibodies were present in sera from either MM patients or normal donors. Taken together, these findings show that KSHV DNA sequences are detectable in BMSCs from the majority of MM patients, but that serologic responses to KSHV are not present. Ongoing studies are defining whether the lack of antibody response is caused by the absence of ongoing infection, the presence of a novel viral strain associated with MM, or underlying immunodeficiency in these patients.  (+info)

Bone marrow and peripheral blood dendritic cells from patients with multiple myeloma are phenotypically and functionally normal despite the detection of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus gene sequences. (6/12182)

Multiple myeloma (MM) cells express idiotypic proteins and other tumor-associated antigens which make them ideal targets for novel immunotherapeutic approaches. However, recent reports show the presence of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) gene sequences in bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) in MM, raising concerns regarding their antigen-presenting cell (APC) function. In the present study, we sought to identify the ideal source of DCs from MM patients for use in vaccination approaches. We compared the relative frequency, phenotype, and function of BMDCs or peripheral blood dendritic cells (PBDCs) from MM patients versus normal donors. DCs were derived by culture of mononuclear cells in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. The yield as well as the pattern and intensity of Ag (HLA-DR, CD40, CD54, CD80, and CD86) expression were equivalent on DCs from BM or PB of MM patients versus normal donors. Comparison of PBDCs versus BMDCs showed higher surface expression of HLA-DR (P =.01), CD86 (P =. 0003), and CD14 (P =.04) on PBDCs. APC function, assessed using an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), demonstrated equivalent T-cell proliferation triggered by MM versus normal DCs. Moreover, no differences in APC function were noted in BMDCs compared with PBDCs. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of genomic DNA from both MM patient and normal donor DCs for the 233-bp KSHV gene sequence (KS330233) was negative, but nested PCR to yield a final product of 186 bp internal to KS330233 was positive in 16 of 18 (88.8%) MM BMDCs, 3 of 8 (37.5%) normal BMDCs, 1 of 5 (20%) MM PBDCs, and 2 of 6 (33.3%) normal donor PBDCs. Sequencing of 4 MM patient PCR products showed 96% to 98% homology to the published KSHV gene sequence, with patient specific mutations ruling out PCR artifacts or contamination. In addition, KHSV-specific viral cyclin D (open reading frame [ORF] 72) was amplified in 2 of 5 MM BMDCs, with sequencing of the ORF 72 amplicon revealing 91% and 92% homology to the KSHV viral cyclin D sequence. These sequences again demonstrated patient specific mutations, ruling out contamination. Therefore, our studies show that PB appears to be the preferred source of DCs for use in vaccination strategies due to the ready accessibility and phenotypic profile of PBDCs, as well as the comparable APC function and lower detection rate of KSHV gene sequences compared with BMDCs. Whether active KSHV infection is present and important in the pathophysiology of MM remains unclear; however, our study shows that MMDCs remain functional despite the detection of KSHV gene sequences.  (+info)

Effects of short-term administration of G-CSF (filgrastim) on bone marrow progenitor cells: analysis of serial marrow samples from normal donors. (7/12182)

To determine the effect of G-CSF administration on both the total number of CD34+ cells and the primitive CD34+ subsets in bone marrow (BM), we have analyzed BM samples serially obtained from 10 normal donors in steady-state and during G-CSF treatment. Filgrastim was administered subcutaneously at a dosage of 10 microg/kg/day (n = 7) or 10 microg/kg/12 h (n = 3) for 4 consecutive days. Peripheral blood sampling and BM aspirates were performed on day 1 (just before G-CSF administration), day 3 (after 2 days of G-CSF), and day 5 (after 4 days of G-CSF). During G-CSF administration, a significant increase in the total number of BM nucleated cells was observed. The percentage (range) of CD34+ cells decreased in BM from a median of 0.88 (0.47-1.44) on day 1 to 0.57 (0.32-1.87), and to 0.42 (0.16-0.87) on days 3 and 5, respectively. We observed a slight increase in the total number of BM CD34+ cells on day 3 (0.66 x 10(9)/l (0.13-0.77)), and a decrease on day 5 (0.23 x 10(9)/l (0.06-1.23)) as compared with steady-state (0.40 x 10(9)/l (0.06-1.68)). The proportion of primitive BM hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+CD38-, CD34+HLA-DR-, CD34+CD117-) decreased during G-CSF administration. In parallel, a significant increase in the total number of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood was observed, achieving the maximum value on day 5. These results suggest that in normal subjects the administration of G-CSF for 5 days may reduce the number of progenitor cells in BM, particularly the most primitive ones.  (+info)

Immunoregulatory cytokines in bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell products. (8/12182)

In these studies, we compared the phenotype, function, and expression of type 1, type 2, and monocyte-associated cytokine mRNA transcripts in autologous bone marrow (BM) and growth factor-mobilized peripheral blood stem cell (PSC) products. These studies demonstrate that lymphocytes and monocytes in stem cell products are abnormally activated, expressing significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-2, 4 and 10, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), but not IL-8, as compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In addition, the levels of IL-2, IL-10 and TNF-alpha are significantly higher in mobilized PSC as compared to BM products. The high cytokine levels are unexpected as T cell function in stem cell products is depressed. PSC products have high levels of T cell inhibitory activity, which directly correlates with IL-10 expression, both of which are mechanisms that might be involved in the immune dysfunction within stem cell products used for autologous stem cell transplantation. These data demonstrate that: (1) immune cells in autologous BM and PSC products are activated with the expression of high levels of type 1 and type 2 cytokines as well as monokines; (2) PSC products contain a high frequency of monocytes which mediate T cell inhibitory activity; and (3) despite the high levels of cytokine expression, T cell function in stem cell products is depressed. The significance of these immune abnormalities within stem cell products for myeloid and lymphoid recovery following autologous stem cell transplantation remains to be determined.  (+info)

These data suggest that the propensity of prostate cancer cells to establish themselves in bone is due, at least in part, to their preferential adhesion to human bone marrow endothelial cells.
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), an immunomodulator, has inhibitory as well as stimulatory effects on bone marrow cells. In this study, we demonstrate that TGF-beta 1 also is a bidirectional modulator of CSF receptor expression on murine bone marrow cells. TGF-beta 1 up-regulated granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF receptor expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with a maximum up-regulation of 64% by 48 h at 20 ng/ml. In contrast, TGF-beta 1 down-modulated IL-3 and CSF-1 receptor expression by 54 and 55%, respectively, by 24 h. TGF-beta 1 did not affect G-CSF receptor expression, in agreement with its inability to affect G-CSF-induced proliferation. The CSF receptor modulation induced by TGF-beta 1 preceded its effects on CSF-stimulated proliferation. The effects of TGF-beta on CSF receptor expression were isoform dependent, thus TGF-beta 3 was a 10-fold more potent inhibitor of both IL-3-induced colony formation and IL-3 receptor expression than TGF-beta 1, whereas TGF-beta 1 was a
TY - JOUR. T1 - Lack of Development of Thermotolerance in Early Progenitors of Murine Bone Marrow Cells. AU - Mivechi, Nahid F.. AU - Li, Gloria C.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1986/1/1. Y1 - 1986/1/1. N2 - We have studied the sensitivities of four hematopoietic stem cell types to heat stress as well as their abilities to develop thermotolerance. Granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units were the most heat resistant bone marrow progenitors tested. Of the erythroid progenitors tested, erythrocyte colony forming units were more resistant than the two more primitive erythrocyte burst forming units. To determine their ability to develop thermotolerance, hematopoietic precursors were heated in vivo at 43C for 30 min. At various times thereafter the hematopoietic stem cells were flushed from female C3Hf/Sed mouse preheated tibia. The bone marrow cell suspensions were then heated in vitro and plated for colony formation. The four stem cell precursors ...
Mouse bone marrow cells are responsive to growth factors and can be used to derive macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and other cell types.. We isolate bone marrow cells from young mice using minimal processing techniques to avoid cell loss. Mouse bone marrow cells have the potential to generate all hematopoietic cell types.. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Upregulation of IL-5 receptor expression on bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells from patients with asthma.. AU - Chou, C. L.. AU - Wang, C. H.. AU - Kuo, H. P.. PY - 1999/1/1. Y1 - 1999/1/1. N2 - BACKGROUND: Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is a potent eosinophilopoietic factor implicated in the chronic inflammatory cell accumulation accompanying bronchial asthma. We studied the expression of the IL-5 receptor alpha-subunit (IL-5R alpha) on bone marrow-derived cluster of differentiation molecule 34 positive (CD34+) progenitor cells in asthmatics to prove the ability of progenitor cells to respond to IL-5 more readily. METHODS: Non-adherent non-T cells (NANT) were separated from heparinized bone marrow blood from 6 asthmatics and 3 normal subjects, loaded with CD34+ and IL-5R alpha monoclonal antibodies conjugated with immunofluorescence and then analyzed by flow cytometry. Colonies grown from progenitor cells cultured in methylcellulose were determined for 14 days in the presence or absence of ...
Abstract. The maintenance of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSSCs) is tightly controlled by the local microenvironment and by autocrine regulatory factors sec
One of the conventional approaches in tissue engineering is the use of scaffolds in combination with cells to obtain mechanically stable tissue constructs in vitro prior to implantation. Additive manufacturing by fused deposition modeling is a widely used technique to produce porous scaffolds with defined pore network, geometry, and therewith defined mechanical properties. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for tissue engineering based cell therapies due to their multipotent character. One of the hurdles to overcome when combining additive manufactured scaffolds with MSCs is the resulting heterogeneous cell distribution and limited cell proliferation capacity. In this study, we show that the use of a biaxial rotating bioreactor, after static culture of human fetal MSCs (hfMSCs) seeded on synthetic polymeric scaffolds, improved the homogeneity of cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) distribution and increased the total cell number. Furthermore, we show that the
IN their investigations of the fat composition and in vitro oxygen consumption of marrow from fed and fasted rabbits, Evans et al.1 observed a respiratory quotient of 0.85 for marrow cell suspensions incubated in the absence of glucose but in the presence of all the fatty material of whole marrow. The authors were unable to detect any uptake of fatty acid by the marrow cells and concluded that saturated fats were probably not degraded in the marrow for the production of local energy. In the work recorded here we have re-examined the question of in vitro uptake and oxidation of fatty acid by bone marrow cells. Our results indicate that fatty acid is taken up and oxidized by washed bone marrow cells suspended in a medium containing 5 per cent albumin as a carrier for fatty acid. Furthermore, we have found that glucose exerts a considerable influence on the rate of uptake and oxidation of fatty acid.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Derivation of hepatocytes from bone marrow cells in mice after radiation-induced myeloablation. AU - Theise, Neil D.. AU - Badve, Sunil. AU - Saxena, Romil. AU - Henegariu, Octavian. AU - Sell, Stewart. AU - Crawford, James M.. AU - Krause, Diane S.. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - Following a report of skeletal muscle regeneration from bone marrow cells, we investigated whether hepatocytes could also derive in vivo from bone marrow cells. A cohort of lethally irradiated B6D2F1 female mice received whole bone marrow transplants from age-matched male donors and were sacrificed at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 and months 2, 4, and 6 posttransplantation (n = 3 for each time point). Additionally, 2 archival female mice of the same strain who had previously been recipients of 200 male fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS)-sorted CD34+lin- cells were sacrificed 8 months posttransplantation under the same protocol. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the Y-chromosome was performed on ...
Conditioning protocols were tested for their efficacy in increasng the incidence of engraftment of histoincompatible dog bone marrow cells. Cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation (TBI), Corynebacterium parvum and TBI, a 3- or 5-day delayed transfusion of bone marrow cells after TBI, or an increase in the number of donor bone marrow cells or lymphocytes appeared to be ineffective. These protocols were previously reported to promote recovery of splenic hemopoiesis in mice in short-term assays. The noted discrepancy between studies with mice and dogs invalidated allogeneic resistance as measured in the mouse spleen assay as a model for bone marrow allograft rejection. Intravenous treatment with silica particles or L-asparaginase did improve the engraftment rate after 7.5 Gy TBI. Low efficiency and significant extra toxicity restrict the applicability of these procedures. The most promising conditioning schedule found appeared to be two fractions of 6.0 Gy TBI separated by a 72-h interval. ...
Many data indicate that statins increase mobilization of bone marrow-derived stem cells, and circulating bone marrow-derived stem cells are capable of homing to sites of myocardial infarction and endothelial disruption, thereby restoring myocardial function and microvascular integrity after acute myocardial infarction. Atorvastatin is widely used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, especially after acute myocardial infarction. High-dose atorvastatin has been known to stop the progression of atherosclerosis and to decrease the levels of inflammatory markers.. The purpose of this prospective, randomized, single-blinded trial is to compare the effect of atorvastatin 10 mg versus 40 mg in restoring coronary flow reserve (CFR) and in serial bone marrow stem cell mobilization during the 8 months follow-up in patients with acute myocardial infarction. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Roles of bone marrow cells in skeletal metastases. T2 - No longer bystanders. AU - Park, Serk In. AU - Soki, Fabiana N.. AU - Mccauley, Laurie K.. PY - 2011/12. Y1 - 2011/12. N2 - Bone serves one of the most congenial metastatic microenvironments for multiple types of solid tumors, but its role in this process remains under-explored. Among many cell populations constituting the bone and bone marrow microenvironment, osteoblasts (originated from mesenchymal stem cells) and osteoclasts (originated from hematopoietic stem cells) have been the main research focus for pro-tumorigenic roles. Recently, increasing evidence further elucidates that hematopoietic lineage cells as well as stromal cells in the bone marrow mediate distinct but critical functions in tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis and apoptosis in the bone microenvironment. This review article summarizes the key evidence describing differential roles of bone marrow cells, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), ...
A resident population of dendritic cells (DCs) has been identified in murine bone marrow, but its contribution to the regulation of hematopoiesis and establishment of the stem cell niche is largely unknown. Here, we show that murine bone marrow DCs are perivascular and have a type 2 conventional DC (cDC2) immunophenotype. RNA expression analysis of sorted bone marrow DCs showed that expression of many chemokines and chemokine receptors is distinct from that observed in splenic cDC2s, suggesting that bone marrow DCs might represent a unique DC population. A similar population of DCs was present in human bone marrow. Ablation of conventional DCs (cDCs) results in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization that was greater than that seen with ablation of bone marrow macrophages, and cDC ablation also synergizes with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to mobilize HSPCs. Ablation of cDCs was associated with an expansion of bone marrow endothelial cells and increased vascular ...
A resident population of dendritic cells (DCs) has been identified in murine bone marrow, but its contribution to the regulation of hematopoiesis and establishment of the stem cell niche is largely unknown. Here, we show that murine bone marrow DCs are perivascular and have a type 2 conventional DC (cDC2) immunophenotype. RNA expression analysis of sorted bone marrow DCs showed that expression of many chemokines and chemokine receptors is distinct from that observed in splenic cDC2s, suggesting that bone marrow DCs might represent a unique DC population. A similar population of DCs was present in human bone marrow. Ablation of conventional DCs (cDCs) results in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization that was greater than that seen with ablation of bone marrow macrophages, and cDC ablation also synergizes with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to mobilize HSPCs. Ablation of cDCs was associated with an expansion of bone marrow endothelial cells and increased vascular ...
A resident population of dendritic cells (DCs) has been identified in murine bone marrow, but its contribution to the regulation of hematopoiesis and establishment of the stem cell niche is largely unknown. Here, we show that murine bone marrow DCs are perivascular and have a type 2 conventional DC (cDC2) immunophenotype. RNA expression analysis of sorted bone marrow DCs showed that expression of many chemokines and chemokine receptors is distinct from that observed in splenic cDC2s, suggesting that bone marrow DCs might represent a unique DC population. A similar population of DCs was present in human bone marrow. Ablation of conventional DCs (cDCs) results in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization that was greater than that seen with ablation of bone marrow macrophages, and cDC ablation also synergizes with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to mobilize HSPCs. Ablation of cDCs was associated with an expansion of bone marrow endothelial cells and increased vascular ...
Minguell, J.J.; Bruzzone, M.S., 1986: Regulation of hydrocortisone binding sites by hydrocortisone in human bone marrow fibroblasts
In the present study, cytogenetic effects of Indian chrysotile asbestos in rat bone marrow cells after 290 days of intratracheal inoculation, when it develops massive pulmonary fibrosis, were investigated. The pulmonary fibrosis was confirmed by both histopathological studies and increased collagen content in the lung of the treated animals. In the asbestotic rats a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations was recorded and a decrease in mitotic index of bone marrow cells. The types of chromosomal aberrations in these cells were chromatid gaps and breaks. The results indicate the significant cytogenetic changes in the bone marrow cells of asbestotic rats and also suggest that these changes directly or indirectly may be one of the biological events involved in eliciting the asbestos-mediated toxic responses. ...
Bone marrow has been studied for a number of purposes in recent years because it is rich in stem cells - cells that can go on to become many different kinds of cells. In order to conduct this research, Isik and colleagues obtained a strain of mice whose bodies glow green under fluorescent light. The researchers removed bone marrow from the mice and then performed a stem cell transplant into a genetically identical strain of normal mice, whose cells do not glow green. Afterward, only the bone marrow of the transplanted mice glowed green inside the bodies of the mice, allowing researchers to track the bone marrow cells throughout the body. Researchers found green cells throughout the body, but observed that the highest concentration of bone marrow cells was in normal skin ...
HealthDayNews -- Stomach cancer may originate from bone marrow cells rather than stomach cells, as was previously believed. A new study in mice found that stomach cancer cells began as bone marrow cells that had migrated to the stomach. The bone marrow cells traveled to the stomach in response to inflammation caused by an infection with the bacterium that causes ulcers, Helicobacter pylori. These findings, published in the Nov. 26 issue of Science, are in stark contrast to the commonly held belief that cancers originate from the tissue in the surrounding area, meaning that it was believed that stomach cancer begins from stomach stem cells. In the last five years or so, weve learned that bone marrow-derived stem cells can go to sites of injury and mimic epithelial cells [from that region], which raised the possibility that bone marrow cells could play a role in the development of cancer in that area, said one of the studys authors, Dr. Timothy Wang, chief of the division of digestive and ...
It has been postulated that adult murine bone marrow cells have the potential to differentiate into cells of neuroectodermal origin. In order to examine whether bone marrow cells can adopt an astroglial fate, various in vivo and in vitro approaches were chosen. Lethally irradiated recipient mice were transplanted with bone marrow derived from transgenic mice which express the green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the human GFAP promoter. Four weeks after transplantation, several animals underwent transient focal cerebral ischemia. Although postischemic inflammatory processes may eventually have a permissive effect on cell differentiation, not a single cells coexpressing GFAP and GFP was found in the brains of all reci-pients examined. For in vitro studies, murine bone marrow cells were co-cultured on astrocytic monolayers or organotypic entorhinal-hippocampal brain slices. Bone marrow cells were either labelled by retroviral transfection with GFP or derived from two different ...
UCLA Life Sciences Public Lecture: Bone Marrow Stem Cells: Developing New Therapies in the Fight Against Disease- Donald Kohn, January 18, 2011 Dr. Donald Kohn, UCLA professor of microbiology, immunology and molecular genetics, his research group at the Kohn Lab focus on developing new therapies for genetic diseases of the blood cells using gene therapy methods to correct hematopoietic stem cells. His laboratory performs studies on gene transfer, expression and immune response and then translates the findings into clinical trials. Read more from the original source:. Bone Marrow Stem Cells/Gene Therapy. ...
FA is a rare, inherited disease that is caused by a gene defect and that primarily affects an individuals bone marrow, resulting in decreased production of blood cells. The lack of white blood cells affects an individuals ability to fight infections, the lack of platelets may result in bleeding, and the lack of red blood cells usually leads to anemia. FA is typically diagnosed in childhood, and there is a high fatality rate. Bone marrow transplants are one common treatment for FA. However, there are many risks associated with transplantation, including rejection of the transplanted cells and graft-versus-host disease, a serious side effect in which donor cells attack the recipients tissues. This study will use an experimental gene transfer procedure performed in a laboratory to insert a new FA gene into the participants bone marrow cells. The gene-corrected bone marrow cells will then be re-infused into the participant and participants will be observed for successful gene transfer. The ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Non-invasive in vivo molecular imaging of intra-articularly transplanted immortalized bone marrow stem cells for osteoarthritis treatment. AU - Peng, Bou-yue. AU - Chiou, Chi-Sheng. AU - Dubey, Navneet Kumar. AU - Yu, Sung Hsun. AU - Deng, Yue Hua. AU - Tsai, Feng Chou. AU - Chiang, Han Sun. AU - Shieh, Ying-Hua. AU - Chen, Wei Hong. AU - Deng, Win-Ping. PY - 2017/9/27. Y1 - 2017/9/27. N2 - Pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by progressive loss of articular cartilage in the knee-joints. To impart regenerative ability in lowly metabolizing chondrocytes, the bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) has recently been recognized as a superior alternative treatment for OA. However, study of primary BMSCs-mediated chondrogenesis is difficult due to progressive cellular aging and replicative senescence. To obtain a therapeutic cell population for OA, BMSCs were immortalized by human papilloma virus (HPV)-16 E6/E7 along with mCherry luciferase (mCL), a gene marker for ...
Researchers also found that certain types of the stem cells were associated with the largest improvement and warrant further study.. VIDEO ALERT: Additional audio and video resources, including excerpts from an interview with Dr.Simari describing the research, are available on the Mayo Clinic News Blog.. The results were presented today at the 2012 American College of Cardiology Meeting in Chicago. They will also be published online in the Journal of the American Medical Association.. This Phase II clinical trial, designed to test this strategy to improve cardiac function, is an extension of earlier efforts in Brazil in which a smaller number of patients received fewer stem cells. For this new network study, 92 patients received a placebo or 100 million stem cells derived from the bone marrow in their hips in a one-time injection. This was the first study in humans to deliver that many bone marrow stem cells.. We found that the bone marrow cells did not have a significant impact on the original ...
Global Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (BMSCS) Market By Service Type (Sample Preservation and Storage, Sample Analysis, Sample Processing, Sample Col
Fig. 4 Functional assays show increased transformation potential and sensitivity to TNK2 inhibition.. (A) Total colony formation in mouse bone marrow colony formation assay. Mouse bone marrow cells were cotransduced to express PTPN11, PTPN11 E76K, TNK2, or empty vector controls. Cells were selected for GFP+ (green fluorescent protein-positive) and puromycin resistance and plated in a methylcellulose GM-CSF sensitivity colony formation assay. Colonies were counted at 14 days [GM-CSF] = 0.05 nM (0.71 ng/ml). ****P , 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA. (B) Total colony formation in mouse bone marrow colony formation assay in cells transduced with PTPN11, PTPN11 E76K, or PTPN11 G60R. Cells were sorted for GFP+. Cells were plated with increasing concentrations of dasatinib. ***P , 0.005 and ****P , 0.0005 by one-way ANOVA. (C) Total colony formation and percent total colony formation in mouse bone marrow colony formation assay. Mouse bone marrow cells were cotransduced to express PTPN11 E76K and TNK2 or TNK2 ...
EBF2-EXPRESSING CELLS REPRESENT A HIGHLY PURIFIED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL POPULATION IN ADULT MOUSE BONE MARROW in EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY, vol 39, issue 8, pp S109-S109 ...
Stem cells are cells that can self-renew and differentiate into a variety of cell types under certain conditions. Stem cells have great potential in regenerative medicine and cell therapy for the treatment of certain diseases. To deliver knowledge about this frontier in science and technology to medical undergraduate students, we designed an innovative practical experiment for freshmen in their second semester. The lab exercise focused on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) isolation, cell culture and differentiation, and it aimed to help students master the aseptic techniques for cell culture, the basic methods and procedures for the primary culture and passage of BMSCs, the basic procedure for the directional differentiation of BMSCs into adipocytes and their subsequent identification by oil-red-O staining ...
The present invention relates to proteins associated with human bone marrow cell membranes for adhering hematopoietic cells to human bone marrow cell membranes. These proteins are soluble in lithium dodecyl sulfate but insoluble in 2% nonaethylene glycol octylphenol ether (e.g., 2% Triton X-100) solution. These proteins and antibodies raised against them are useful in the treatment and diagnosis of blood disorders. The DNA molecules encoding these proteins have use in gene therapy regimes. Also disclosed is a method for detecting binding between cell adhesion membrane proteins and cells having a potential to be bound to such proteins.
Image caption: Research team from Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology in Hanoi, Vietnam.. Durham, NC - Type 2 diabetes patients who are not overweight and who have had the disorder for less than a decade can benefit from stromal stem cells transplanted from their own bone marrow, according to a study published today in STEM CELLS Translational Medicine.. In a randomized clinical trial at Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology in Hanoi, Vietnam, researchers investigated the safety and potential therapeutic value of administering bone marrow stromal stem cells to patients with Type 2 diabetes. In each case, the cells were autologous, or taken from the patients own bodies.. A total of 30 adult patients with different body mass indexes whose Type 2 diabetes histories varied from one to 25 years were recruited for the study. Each received two infusions of the cells intravenously or by injection into an artery that supplies blood to the ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The role of bone-marrow-derived cells in tumor growth, metastasis initiation and progression. AU - Gao, Dingcheng. AU - Mittal, Vivek. PY - 2009/8. Y1 - 2009/8. N2 - Emerging evidence from murine models suggests that tumor-specific endocrine factors systemically stimulate the quiescent bone marrow (BM) compartment, resulting in the expansion, mobilization and recruitment of BM progenitor cells. Discrete subsets of tumor-instigated BM-derived progenitor cells support tumor progression and metastasis by regulating angiogenesis, inflammation and immune suppression. Notably, clinical studies have begun to reveal that increased BM recruitment in tumors is associated with poor prognosis. Thus, the BM-derived tumor microenvironment is an attractive therapeutic target, and drugs targeting the components of the microenvironment are currently in clinical trials. Here, we focus on recent advances and emerging concepts regarding the intriguing role of BM-derived cells in tumor growth, ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Properties of the mouse embryo conditioned medium factor(s) stimulationg colony formation by mouse bone marrow cells grown in vitro.. AU - Stanley, E. R.. AU - Bradley, T. R.. AU - Sumner, M. A.. PY - 1971/10. Y1 - 1971/10. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0015138971&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0015138971&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 4333458. AN - SCOPUS:0015138971. VL - 78. SP - 301. EP - 317. JO - Journal of Cellular Physiology. JF - Journal of Cellular Physiology. SN - 0021-9541. IS - 2. ER - ...
Techniques for the development of ovine bone marrow-derived haemopoietic progenitor cells and in situ identification of colony morphology are described. Both mitogen stimulated lymphoid cells and antigen stimulated helper T-cells generated potent colony-stimulating activity in conditioned medium. Monocyte/macrophage, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil/mast cell, neutrophil/monocyte and mixed phenotype colonies developed in stimulated bone marrow cultures in a conditioned medium dose-dependent manner. Neutrophil, monocyte/macrophage and eosinophil colonies were detected in greater numbers than the other types, with mixed colonies representing only around 1% of the total. Eosinophil colonies were particularly abundant when compared to published reports of the numbers obtained with similar cultures of normal mouse or human bone marrow cells. This culture technique will allow a detailed analysis of both ovine colony-stimulating factors and of the distribution of haemopoietic progenitor cells in vivo.
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It is important to weigh both the risks and the benefits of a bone marrow/stem cell transplant. A transplant doctor can answer your questions and help you decide if a transplant is an option for you. A bone marrow transplant has serious risks. Some patients suffer from life-threatening problems as a result of their transplant. These problems can include serious infections and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), in which the transplanted cells attack the patients body.
It is important to weigh both the risks and the benefits of a bone marrow/stem cell transplant. A transplant doctor can answer your questions and help you decide if a transplant is an option for you. A bone marrow transplant has serious risks. Some patients suffer from life-threatening problems as a result of their transplant. These problems can include serious infections and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), in which the transplanted cells attack the patients body.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Myofibroblasts of bone marrow origin have recently been found in a number of parenchymal organs such as the gut and kidney. We have analyzed the origin of myofibroblasts within fibrotic liver in 2 scenarios: (1) 7 male patients (hepatitis B; hepatitis B and D; Wilsons disease; hepatitis B, D, and C; and 3 with hepatitis C) who received liver transplants from female donors and subsequently developed liver fibrosis and (2) a female patient who received a bone marrow transplant from a male donor and subsequently developed hepatitis C-induced cirrhosis. METHODS: Through the use of in situ hybridization for the Y chromosome, we have tracked male cells of extrahepatic origin. The phenotype of these male cells was examined by immunohistochemistry using a panel of antibodies against alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha SMA), vimentin, fibulin-2, and leukocyte common antigen (CD45). Confocal microscopy was performed to confirm the location of the Y chromosome probe within the ...
Delayed spontaneous apoptosis in immature bone marrow neutrophils compared with mature blood neutrophils. (A) Viability assay in the absence of survival and dea
Developmental biologist Lorraine Iacovitti, Ph.D., associate director of the Farber Institute for Neurosciences at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia and her co-workers had previously shown that by using a potion of growth factors and other nutrients in the laboratory, they were able to convert adult human bone marrow stem cells into adult brain cells. Human adult bone marrow stem cells - also known as pluripotent stem cells - normally give rise to human bone, muscle, cartilage and fat cells ...
Gene targeting experiments have demonstrated that the transcription factor SCL is essential for primitive and definitive hematopoiesis in the mouse. To study the functional properties of hematopoietic cells expressing SCL, we have generated mutant mice (SCLlacZ/w) in which the Escherichia coli lacZ reporter gene has been knocked in to the SCL locus, thereby linking beta-galactosidase expression to transcription from the SCL promoter. Bone marrow cells from heterozygous SCLlacZ/w mice were sorted into fractions expressing high, intermediate and low levels of beta-galactosidase (designated lacZhigh, lacZint, and lacZneg). Cells that were lacZhigh or lacZint were enriched for day 12 spleen colony-forming units and myeloid and erythroid colony-forming cells (CFCs). These fractions included ,99% of the erythroid and ,90% of the myeloid CFCs. Culture of sorted bone marrow populations on stromal cells secreting interleukin-7 or in fetal thymic organ cultures showed that B and T lymphoid progenitors ...
Kiesche, Amy, H-2 associated natural resistance to normal bone marrow cells. (1983). Summer and Academic Year Student Reports. 754 ...
The addition of bone marrow cells or peripheral lymphocytes to the isolated pig spleen markedly enhanced the primary antibody response after 3-day perfusion and antigenic challenge in vitro. The splenic preparation without added cells or with the addition of marrow cells to an irradiated spleen gave a limited response. Contributory evidence is provided that at least two distinct cell types are needed for antibody production. For optimal antibody response by an isolated perfused spleen, marrow cells or peripheral lymphocytes should be added to the system.. ...
A method is described for generating a clinically significant volume of neural progenitor cells from whole bone marrow. A mass of bone marrow cells may be grown in a culture supplemented with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Further methods of the present invention are directed to utilizing the neural progenitor cells cultured in this fashion in the treatment of various neuropathological conditions, and in targeting delivery of cells transfected with a particular gene to diseased or damaged tissue.
A meta-analysis by Lipinski et al. (5) included 10 of these trials (7 randomized, 3 cohort studies) on intracoronary cell injection (within the first 14 days after infarction), yielding 698 patients, of which 659 were available at follow-up (median follow-up of 6 months). In 2 trials (n = 126), peripheral blood cells were used for intracoronary infusion and in 8 investigations bone marrow-derived cells were used. For the pooled population, Lipinski et al. (5) found a significantly superior improvement in LVEF of 3.0% (95% confidence interval: 1.9% to 4.1%, p , 0.00001) for subjects receiving bone marrow transplantation in comparison with control subjects. Similarly, LV end-systolic volumes were reduced in patients receiving cell therapy by -7.4 ml (95% confidence interval: -12.2 to -2.7 ml, p , 0.002) compared with control subjects. Changes in end-diastolic volumes were not significantly different between groups in this meta-analysis.. Clinical end points, such as death, target vessel ...
AppliedStemCell eCommerce Platform Human Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (DCM) [ASE-5071] - Catalog Number ASE-5071; ASE-5072; ASE-5073 Quantity 2.5 x 106 viable cells/mL; 10.0 x 106 viable cells/mL; 25.0 x 106 viable cells/mL Product Information Descriptio
Human Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells are approximately 15 to 25 μm in diameter. Unfortunately I dont have any internal protocols for injecting mice. 27G may lyse the cells. So you may need to use 25 G needle. Prior to injecting the mice, I would recommend checking cell viability after passing the cells through the gauge needle you intend to use. You may be able to find some protocols online though.. ...
Katie Kraushaar opens a core shop bone marrow stem cell therapy for ErrorDocument vertebrae & at Hixson Middle School in St. She is to complete the schedule of having in her general by stay-connected-to-everything a sure hair with the pattern pp. and by submitting wide with her copies. In j to her seven books in the l, Katie is a Teacher Consultant for the Gateway Writing Project, a contrast of the National Writing Project. including Out the Welcome; Wagon! retailers requested wanting on, I partnered refreshing for students! I abnormally serve the something of Teaching g and Surface. I will Moreover Provide this hand with names. Katie, I stand how pulmonary you require not stopping invalid questions are incredible and services have to save! I know the aspect is a related employer and I are to work it. I not were your administrator and can please how genuine you assign not hanging format! so prosocial to call it failed Quarterly! accurate no an magical file taht! I expose up-to-the-minute ...
Helen Pearson. Prof. Catherine Verfaillie has isolated a stem cell from adult human bone marrow that can produce all tissue types.. June 21, 2002; US scientists have reversed the symptoms of Parkinsons Disease in rats using stem cells from mouse embryos [1]. Another team has compelling evidence that they have isolated a stem cell from adult human bone marrow that can produce all the tissue types in the body, from blood to muscle to nerve [2]. Stem cells from embryos were known to give rise to every type of cell. Those from adults were previously thought to have a more limited repertoire.. Researchers hope to use stem cells to repair or replace diseased or damaged organs, leading to new treatments for human disorders that are currently incurable, including diabetes, spinal-cord injury and brain diseases. The new reports may re-fuel the debate in the US Senate over whether to permit the cloning of human embryos for medical research, which stalled earlier this week. US scientists are fighting to ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - TGF beta 1 limits the expansion of the osteoprogenitor fraction in cultures of human bone marrow stromal cells. AU - Walsh, S.. AU - Jefferiss, C.. AU - Stewart, K.. AU - Beresford, J. N.. N1 - ID number: ISI:000181664900006. PY - 2003. Y1 - 2003. N2 - Currently, there is considerable interest in the possibility of using cultured human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) for skeletal tissue engineering. However, the factors that regulate their ex vivo expansion and promote their osteogenic maturation remain poorly defined. Using BMSCs obtained from a large cohort of adult donors, the effects of transforming growth factor (TGF)beta1 on these processes have been determined. BMSCs were found to express TGFbeta receptors (TbetaRs) I, II, III (betaglycan) and CD105/endoglin. The expression of TbetaRs I and II, but not TbetaR III or endoglin, was linked to the cells state of maturation. Treatment with TGFbeta increased the colony-forming efficiency (CFE) of marrow cell suspensions but ...
Title: Involvement of Adipogenic Potential of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Osteoporosis. VOLUME: 3 ISSUE: 3. Author(s):J. Pablo Rodriguez, Pablo Astudillo, Susana Rios and Ana Maria Pino. Affiliation:Laboratorio de Biologia Celular. INTA, Universidad de Chile, Macul 5540, Macul. Casilla 138-11, Santiago, Chile.. Keywords:Osteoporosis, mesenchymal stem cells, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, PPARγ, leptin, estrogens. Abstract: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) from bone marrow stroma are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts and adipocytes, among other cell phenotypes. In normal bone marrow osteoblastic and adipocytic cell differentiation occur in favor of bone formation, but this relationship appears disrupted in several bone diseases. In osteoporosis increased bone marrow adipocyte production is counterbalanced by diminished production of osteogenic cells. Since osteoblats and adipocytes originate from a common MSC precursor cell, quantitative and qualitative stem cell ...
With the expression bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell transplant we intend a complex procedure used especially, but not only, in the treatment of leukimias and lymphomas. Stem cells can be obtained not only from bone marrow but also from peripheral blood after a specific preconditioning of the patient, or from umbilical-cord blood.. Indications for hematopoietic stem cell transplant are acute leukimias, chronic leukimias, different forms of bone marrow insufficiency, thalassemias, Hodgkin lymphoma, non Hodgkin lymphomas, myelomas, other chronic myeloproliferative diseases, numerous genetic disorders and, as a recent indication, some autoimmune illnesses.. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Intracerebral Xenotransplantation of GFP Mouse Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in Intact and Stroke Rat Brain. T2 - Graft Survival and Immunologic Response. AU - Irons, H.. AU - Lind, J. G.. AU - Wakade, Chandramohan G.. AU - Yu, G.. AU - Hadman, M.. AU - Carroll, James Edwin. AU - Hess, David C. AU - Borlongan, Cesar V.. PY - 2004/1/1. Y1 - 2004/1/1. N2 - The present study characterized survival and immunologic response of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) following transplantation into intact and stroke brains. In the first study, intrastriatal transplantation of BMSC (60,000 in 3 μl) or vehicle was performed in normal adult Sprague-Dawley male rats that subsequently received daily cyclosporin A (CsA, 10 mg/kg, IP in 3 ml) or vehicle (olive oil, similar volume) starting on day of surgery up to 3 days posttransplantation. Animals were euthanized at 3 or 30 days posttransplantation and brains were processed either for green fluorescent protein (GFP) microscopy or flow cytometry ...
Dive into the research topics of Bioreactor Expansion of Human Adult Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Redifferentiation of dedifferentiated chondrocytes and chondrogenesis of human bone marrow stromal cells via chondrosphere formation with expression profiling by large-scale cDNA analysis. AU - Imabayashi, Hideaki. AU - Mori, Taisuke. AU - Gojo, Satoshi. AU - Kiyono, Tohru. AU - Sugiyama, Tomoyasu. AU - Irie, Ryotaro. AU - Isogai, Takao. AU - Hata, Jun Ichi. AU - Toyama, Yoshiaki. AU - Umezawa, Akihiro. PY - 2003/8/1. Y1 - 2003/8/1. N2 - Characterization of dedifferentiated chondrocytes (DECs) and mesenchymal stem cells capable of differentiating into chondrocytes is of biological and clinical interest. We isolated DECs and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), H4-1 and H3-4, and demonstrated that the cells started to produce extracellular matrices, such as type II collagen and aggrecan, at an early stage of chondrosphere formation. Furthermore, cDNA sequencing of cDNA libraries constricted by the oligocapping method was performed to analyze difference in mRNA expression profiling ...
BioAssay record AID 44634 submitted by ChEMBL: HSF produced by bone marrow-derived stromal cell lines C6.4 on stimulation with the compound at (1000 ng/mL) was determined in vitro in an GM-CFC assay..
Horowitz MC, Berry R, Holtrup B, Sebo Z, Nelson T, Fretz JA, Lindskog D, Kaplan JL, Ables GP, Rodeheffer MS, Rosen CJ.. Adipocyte. 2017 Jul 3;6(3):193-204.. PMID: 28872979. Adipocytes were identified in human bone marrow more than a century ago, yet until recently little has been known about their origin, development, function or interactions with other cells in the bone marrow. Little functional significance has been attributed to these cells, a paradigm that still persists today. However, we now know that marrow adipose tissue increases with age and in response to a variety of physiologic induction signals. Bone marrow adipocytes have recently been shown to influence other cell populations within the marrow and can affect whole body metabolism by the secretion of a defined set of adipokines. Recent research shows that marrow adipocytes are distinct from white, brown and beige adipocytes, indicating that the bone marrow is a distinct adipose depot. This review will highlight recent data ...
Tumor tropism of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) has been exploited for the delivery of therapeutic genes for anticancer therapy. However, the exact contribution of these cells in the tumor microenvironment remains unknown. In this study, we examined the biological effect of MSC on tumor cells. The results showed that MSC inhibited the growth of human glioma cell lines and patient-derived primary glioma cells in vitro. Coadministration of MSC and glioma cells resulted in significant reduction in tumor volume and vascular density, which was not observed when glioma was injected with immortalized normal human astrocytes. Using endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) from healthy donors and HUVEC endothelial cells, the extent of EPC recruitment and capacity to form endothelial tubes was significantly impaired in conditioned media derived from MSC/glioma coculture, suggesting that MSC suppressed tumor angiogenesis through the release of antiangiogenic factors. Further studies using ...
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4- (CTLA4-) modified human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) might be promising seed cells for bone tissue engineering. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear. In the present study, we investigated whether CTLA4-modified hBMMSCs are involved in the migration of allogeneic hBMMSCs (allo-hBMMSCs) by maintaining POSTN secretion. hBMMSCs were isolated from different groups, named hBMMSCs and allo-hBMMSCs. hBMMSCs that were infected with the negative control (NC), empty adenovirus- or recombinant adenovirus-expressing CTLA4, POSTN, or CTLA4 plus the shRNA of POSTN were named NC hBMMSCs, CTLA4-modified hBMMSCs, POSTN-modified hBMMSCs, or CTLA4+shPOSTN-modified hBMMSCs, respectively. They were then cocultured with PBMCs in a 1 : 5 ratio with 2.5 |i|μ|/i|g/mL phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The coculture supernatant was collected to treat allo-hBMMSCs with anti-integrin |i|α|/i|v|i|β|/i|3 IgG, or negative
Objectives: Human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) are adherent fibroblast-like cells found in the bone marrow. They are a heterogeneous population of cells that includes a subset of osteoprogenitors. BMSCs have been widely used for tissue engineering, especially for bone regeneration. However, for clinical application currently, large quantities of hBMSCs are usually required for transplantation which is typically produced by serial passages of the cells ex vivo. We examined the effects of in vitro expansion on hBMSCs proliferation, multidifferentiation, and gene expression profiles. Methods: hBMSCs were harvested from surgical waste bone specimens from 3 healthy adults with IRB approval. The hBMSCs were cultured in α-MEM with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. hBMSCs were trypsinized and passaged when they reached 70-80% confluence. Cells from early passage (p2 or 3) were compared with late passage (p7 or 8). MTT assay was used to determine the growth kinetics of hBMSCs. ...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a blood borne infectious disease that affects the liver. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may serve as a cell source for adult stem cell transplantation in liver repair. However, the susceptibility of human BMSCs to HBV infection is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the infection and replication of HBV in cultures of human BMSCs. Human BMSCs were confirmed using flow cytometry. Intracellular HBV DNA was detected at d 2 after infection and maintained at relatively high levels from d 6 to d 12. The maximal level of intracellular HBV DNA was 9.37 × 105 copies/mL. The extracellular HBV DNA was observed from d 3 to d 15, and the levels ranged from 3.792 × 102 copies/mL to 4.067 × 105 copies/mL. HBsAg in the culture medium was detected from d 2 to d 16. HBeAg secretion was positive from d 5 to d 13. HBcAg constantly showed positive signals in approximately 7%-20% of BMSCs from 2 days after exposure. Intracellular HBV covalently
Cheapest Bone Marrow Stem Cell Therapies price in Bulgaria is $. Average Bone Marrow Stem Cell Therapies cost $0, where prices can go as high as $. PlacidWay Medical Tourism provides cost comparison for Bone Marrow Stem Cell Therapies, Stem Cell Therapy Prices in Bulgaria. Explore Bone Marrow Stem Cell Therapies prices worldwide.
HemoGenyx is a preclinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the discovery, development and commercialisation of novel therapies and treatments for blood diseases, like leukemia and lymphoma. The companys leading technologies aim to change the way in which bone marrow/hematopoietic stem cell (BM/HSC) transplants are performed and improve their efficacy.
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Adipocytes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exert inhibitory effects on osteoblastogenesis. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - In vivo reactivity of mouse natural killer (NK) cells against normal bone marrow cells. AU - Riccardi, C.. AU - Santoni, A.. AU - Barlozzari, T.. AU - Herberman, R. B.. PY - 1981/5/1. Y1 - 1981/5/1. N2 - An in vivo role for mouse natural killer (NK) cells in the rapid rejection of transplantable tumors has been previously demonstrated, using an assay of elimination of [125I]iododeoxyuridine-labeled tumor cells from the lungs and other organs. We have now used the same technique to examine the role of NK cells in in vivo clearance of syngeneic or allogeneic bone marrow cells from normal mice. The degree of clearance from the lungs or liver, at 4 hr after intravenous inoculation of radiolabeled bone marrow cells, correlated with the levels of NK activity in the recipients. Young CBA mice, with high NK activity, showed substantially more clearance of bone marrow cells than SJL mice, with low NK activity. Within the same strain, mice at 7 weeks of age had higher in vivo as well as in ...
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] is known to modulate Ca2+ metabolism in several cell types. Vitamin-D-dependent calcium binding proteins such as calbindin-D28K (28 kDa calcium binding proteins) have been shown to be regulated by 1,25(OH)2D3 but the mechanisms controlling calbindin synthesis are still poorly understood in human osteoblast cell culture models. The human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSC) described in this paper developed a calcified matrix, expressed osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin (OP) and responded to 1,25(OH)2D3. The expression of vitamin D receptor mRNA was demonstrated by reverse transcription-PCR. Calbindin-D28K protein was identified only in cells arising from the sixth subculture, which exhibited a calcified matrix and all of the osteoblastic markers, e.g. OC and OP. It was demonstrated by dot-immunodetection using immunological probes, and by in situ hybridization using labelled cDNA probes. Moreover, vitamin D3 enhanced calbindin-D28K synthesis as well as OC ...
Connexin43 (Cx43) is a component of gap junctions and is involved in intercel- lular signaling following injury to tissues. The carboxyl terminus of Cx43 binds to the PDZ2 domain of ZO-1 in order to form gap junction plaques and connect to the cytoskeleton. A biomimetic peptide known as αCT-1, replicating the last 9 amino acids found in the carboxyl terminus of CX43, has been shown to improve wound healing by preferentially binding to the PDZ2 domain of ZO-1. A possible mecha- nism for its action is through the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transformation (EMT). Scratch assays were performed on rat bone marrow stromal cells treated with the peptide and were then analyzed using qPCR, western blotting, confocal microscopy, and live cell imaging. The gene expression analysis showed up-regulation of F11r and Krt19 and down-regulation of Mmp3. Protein expression analysis indicated an increase in Krt19 and the complete absence of Snai2 in the αCT-1 treated samples. Confocal microscopy suggested increased actin
A predominant challenge in developing curative leukemia therapy is interactions of leukemic cells with the bone marrow stromal microenvironment. We aimed to investigate the role of stromal cells, such as bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) and osteoblasts (OBs), in curcumin (CUR) and daunorubicin (DNR) induced apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. We used KG1 and U937 as leukemia cell line models and treated them with CUR and DNR. The cells were then co-cultured with BMSCs or a combination of BMSCs and OBs as feeders. After 24 hours of co-culture, BMSCs or OBs were sorted and separated from the leukemia cells and apoptosis levels were analyzed by annexin/propidium iodide (PI) staining on flow cytometry. Potentially involved molecular pathways were analyzed at gene and protein levels by Real time PCR and western blotting, respectively. The results showed AML cells co-cultured with BMSCs plus OBs to be more resistant to drug induced-apoptosis compared to co-culture with BMSCs alone
Bone marrow stromal cells protect hematopoietic cells and provide drug resistance by delivering bunch of variable proteins. Thus, alterations of protein expression are typically associated with cell-cell signal transduction and regulation of cellular functions. Co-culture models of bone marrow stromal cells and hematopoietic cells are often used in studies of their crosstalk. Studies of altered protein expression initiated by stromal cell/hematopoietic cell interactions are an important new trend in microenvironmental research. There has been no report to date of global quantitative proteomics analysis of crosstalk between hematopoietic cells and stromal cells. In this study, we analyzed quantitative proteomes in a co-culture system of stromal HS5 cells and hematopoietic KG1a cells, and simultaneously tracked differentially expressed proteins in two types of cells before and after co-culture by stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) method. We have shown that in co-cultured KG1a,
DOI: 10.11607/jomi.te56 Purpose: This study investigated the role of the bone marrow derived CD34+ cell in a milieu of osteoprogenitor cells, bone marrow plasma cell adhesion molecules, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP), and a matrix of crushed cancellous allogeneic bone in the clinical regeneration of functionally useful bone in craniomandibular reconstructions. The history and current concepts of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells are reviewed as they relate to bone regeneration in large continuity defects of the mandible. Materials and Methods: Patients with 6- to 8-cm continuity defects of the mandible with retained proximal and distal segments were randomized into two groups. Group A received an in situ tissue-engineered graft containing 54 38 CD34+ cells/mL along with 54 38 CD44+, CD90+, and CD105+ cells/mL together with rhBMP-2 in an absorbable collagen sponge (1 mg/cm of defect) and crushed cancellous allogeneic bone. Group B received the ...
Here, we demonstrate that bone marrow-derived stem cells engraft the murine endometrium. Both stromal and epithelial cells were derived from bone marrow origin. These data show the potential for stem cells to have a role in the regeneration or repair of this tissue after injury. However, the small number of engrafted cells limits their potential to significantly contribute to cyclic endometrial function during each estrus cycle. In other organs, the homing and engraftment of stem cells are influenced by injury and inflammation, presumably through the generation of a signal emanating from the damaged tissue [17, [18]-19]. A more significant engraftment of endometrium by bone marrow is likely to occur after endometrial injury or inflammatory insult. Additionally, the proliferation and development of endometrium are entirely regulated by hormonal stimuli. Ovarian estrogen and progesterone drive endometrial growth and apoptosis [20, 21]. As the radiation used prior to bone marrow transplantation ...
Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMA/BMAC) is perhaps the most popular stem cell injection available today. The treatment involves injecting the patients own bone marrow cells into the injured area with the hope that it will help regrow tissue or reduce inflammation. The procedure involves two steps: (1) patients are lightly anesthetized and bone marrow is removed through a needle from the bone, most commonly the iliac crest of the patients hip, and then (2) the bone marrow is processed to concentrate the cells. After the bone marrow has been centrifuged (spun in a circle to separate the various blood contents), the BMA/BMAC is put into a syringe and injected into the affected body part.. Bone marrow contains progenitor cells, which are cells that have been primed to become specific cells. A small fraction of these cells (about 1% of the total cells in bone marrow) are mesenchymal stem cells, which can become cartilage, bone, and tendon cells. It is thought that these mesenchymal ...
In this study, the role of histamine in interleukin-1 (IL-1) formation in murine bone marrow stromal cells was investigated in vitro. It was found that histamine and 4-methylhistamine increased the number of granulocyte colony-forming units in murine bone marrow cells. A similar effect was elicited by dibutyryl-cAMP and theophylline. When histamine and H2 agonists, such as 4-methylhistamine and dimaprit, were added to the culture medium containing murine bone marrow stromal cells, thymocyte comitogenic activity detected in the medium increased significantly. However, no such effect was observed in the case of 2-methyl-histamine, an H1 agonist. Histamine-induced production of thymocyte comitogenic activity in bone marrow stromal cells was inhibited by some H2 antagonists, such as cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine, but not by the H1 antagonist pyrilamine. Histamine was also effective in inducing the colony-promoting activity in murine bone marrow stromal cells. This was also inhibited by H2 ...
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are multipotent cells that support angiogenesis, wound healing, and immunomodulation. In the hematopoietic niche, they nurture hematopoietic cells, leukemia, tumors and metastasis. BMSCs secrete of a wide range of cytokines, growth factors and matrix proteins which contribute to the pro-tumorigenic marrow microenvironment. The inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α change the BMSC secretome and we hypothesized that factors produced by tumors or leukemia would also affect the BMSC secretome and investigated the interaction of leukemia cells with BMSCs. BMSCs from healthy subjects were co-cultured with three myeloid leukemia cell lines (TF-1, TF-1α and K562) using a trans-well system. Following co-culture, the BMSCs and leukemia cells were analyzed by global gene expression analysis and culture supernatants were analyzed for protein expression. As a control, CD34+ cells were also cocultured with BMSCs. Co-culture induced leukemia cell gene expression changes in stem
Introduction: Conventionally cultured mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (mBM-MSC) are a heterogeneous population that often initially contain contaminating haematopoietic cells. Variability in isolation methods, culture protocols and the lack of specific mBM MSC markers might explain this heterogeneity. The aim of this study is to optimise the isolation, culture conditions and selection of mBM-MSC. Methods: Mouse BM-MSCs were isolated from crushed long bones (cBM) or flushed bone marrow (fBM) from 6-8 week old C57Bl/6 mice. These subpopulations were analysed by flow cytometry using commonly used mBM-MSC cell surface marker, e.g. Sca-1, CD29 and CD44. Cells were cultured and expanded in vitro in hypoxic conditions of either 2 % or 5 % oxygen. Cell sorting and qRT-PCR was used to determine transcript levels of stem cell and lineage related genes in individual subpopulations. Results: During early passaging not only do contaminating haematopoietic cells disappear, but there is a change in ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Rapid 1-hour transduction of whole bone marrow leads to long-term repopulation of murine recipients with lentivirus-modified hematopoietic stem cells. AU - Kurre, Peter. AU - Anandakumar, P.. AU - Kiem, H. P.. PY - 2006/2. Y1 - 2006/2. N2 - Efficient gene transfer to hematopoietic stem cells by Moloney murine leukemia virus-derived retroviral vectors benefits from ex vivo culture and cytokine support. Both also increase the risks of apoptosis and differentiation among cells targeted for transduction. In an effort to maximize the retention of stem cell properties in target cells, we developed a transduction protocol with a focus on minimizing graft manipulation, cytokine stimulation, and ex vivo exposure duration. Based on their wide host range and ability to transduce quiescent cells, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-derived lentivirus vectors are ideally suited for this purpose. Our present studies in a murine model show that whole bone marrow cells are readily transduced ...
The bone marrow plays a unique role within the immune system. We compared the phenotype and function of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells from matched samples of human peripheral blood and bone marrow. Analysis of virus-specific memory CD8(+) T cells showed widely divergent partition of antigen-specific populations between blood and bone marrow. T cells specific for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic antigens were enriched 3-fold in marrow compared with blood, whereas the response to EBV latent epitopes was equivalent between the 2 compartments. No difference in EBV viral load or expression of the EBV lytic protein was observed between blood and bone marrow. In direct contrast, although cytomegalo-virus (CMV)-specific T cells were the largest virus-specific population within peripheral blood, they were reduced by 60% within marrow. Bone marrow T cells were found to exhibit a unique CCR5(+)CXCR6(+)CXCR3(-) homing phenotype which has not been observed on T cells from other secondary lymphoid organs or peripheral
Introduction Recent evidence has shown that bone marrow cells play critical roles during the inflammatory proliferative and remodeling phases of cutaneous wound healing. assays. The preparations examined were whole bone marrow (WBM) whole bone marrow (long term initiating/hematopoietic based) cultured cells (BMC) and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC). We also applied these bone marrow preparations in two murine models of radiation induced delayed wound healing to determine which had a greater effect on healing. Results Angiogenesis assays demonstrated that tube formation was stimulated by both WBM and BMC with WBM having the greatest effect. Scratch wound assays showed higher fibroblast migration at 24 48 and 72 hours in presence of WBM as compared to BM-MSC. WBM also appeared to stimulate a greater healing response than BMC and BM-MSC in a radiation induced delayed wound healing animal model. Conclusions These studies promise to help elucidate the role of stem cells during ...
bone-marrow translation in English-Spanish dictionary. bone marrow is an alternate term for marrow. Use DeepL Translator to instantly translate texts and documents. Translate bone marrow into Spanish. Report an error or suggest an improvement. Alternative forms . This page provides all possible translations of the word yellow bone marrow in the Spanish language. El orador fue directo al centro de su argumento. Lo encontrarás en al menos una de las líneas abajo. His topic was the regeneration of damaged heart muscle, by use of bone marrow stem cells. Contextual translation of bone marrow into Spanish. bone marrow (usually uncountable, plural bone marrows) The fatty vascular tissue that fills the cavities of bones, being the place where new blood cells are produced. Bone marrow depression Bone marrow depression, usually presenting as granulocytopenia or agranulocytosis, has been reported during treatment with Remeron. Chipre cuenta con uno de los mayores bancos, After the skin is ...
1. Bone marrow is commonly collected and examined when abnormalities are found in the circulating blood. The most common abnormality is a persistent shortage of one of the blood cell types. This is a serious situation and may be due to a problem in the bone marrow. Examination of marrow can often provide information about the underlying cause, and may help to predict the outcome.. 2. Bone marrow is also collected and examined to look for certain types of cancer. Some cancers start right in the cells of the bone marrow and other cancers spread to the bone marrow from elsewhere in the body. Cancer that starts in the bone marrow is sometimes called leukemia. Examination of the bone marrow helps to identify the cancer, and reveals how seriously the marrow is affected.. 3. Occasionally, bone marrow is collected and examined to investigate other problems such as persistent fever, unexplained weight loss, high blood calcium levels (see article on Hypercalcemia), and high serum protein level (see ...
Purpose: : To determine if bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) have the capacity in vitro and in vivo to express retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)-like markers. Methods: : In vitro, mouse Sca-1+ GFP+ cells of bone marrow origin were used in coculture with adult mouse RPE cells. The coculture in a 1:1 ratio was performed with and without cell-cell-contact for up to 3 weeks. Mouse fibroblasts served as a control. Immunocytochemical analysis was performed using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against specific RPE markers - cytokeratin, RPE65, MITF - as well as non-RPE markers - opsin (photoreceptors) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; glia). In vivo, sodium iodate (NaIO3) was used to damage the RPE. For this study, C57BL/6 mice were injected i.v. with 35 mg/kg NaIO3 followed by the subretinal (s.r.) injection of 3x104 Sca-1+ GFP+ BMSC on day 3. The mice were sacrificed on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after transplantation. Whole eye flat mounts (FM) were prepared and examined for GFP+ cells under a ...
The two types of bone marrow are red marrow (Latin: medulla ossium rubra), which consists mainly of hematopoietic tissue, and yellow marrow (Latin: medulla ossium flava), which is mainly made up of fat cells. Red blood cells, platelets, and most white blood cells arise in red marrow. Both types of bone marrow contain numerous blood vessels and capillaries. At birth, all bone marrow is red. With age, more and more of it is converted to the yellow type; only around half of adult bone marrow is red. Red marrow is found mainly in the flat bones, such as the pelvis, sternum, cranium, ribs, vertebrae and scapulae, and in the cancellous (spongy) material at the epiphyseal ends of long bones such as the femur and humerus. Yellow marrow is found in the medullary cavity, the hollow interior of the middle portion of short bones. In cases of severe blood loss, the body can convert yellow marrow back to red marrow to increase blood cell production.. ...
Objectives: To investigate whether human bone marrow (BM) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and articular chondrocytes (AC) affect the in vitro proliferation of T-lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) driven by the homeostatic IL 2, IL 7 and IL 15 cytokines binding to the common cytokine receptor γ-chain (γc ) in the absence of T-cell receptor (TCR) triggering.. Methods: PBMCs, total-T cells and T cell subsets (CD4+ and CD8+) were stimulated with IL 2, IL 7 or IL 15 and exposed to cultured BM-MSCs and ACs at varying cell:cell ratio either in contact or in transwell conditions. Lymphocyte proliferation was measured by 3H-thymidine uptake or by flow cytometry on CFSE labelled lymphocytes.. Results Both MSCs and ACs enhanced and inhibited lymphocyte proliferation depending on the extent of lymphocyte baseline proliferation and on the MSC/AC to lymphocyte ratio. Enhancement was significant on poorly proliferating lymphocytes and mostly at lower MSC/ AC to lymphocyte ratio. ...
In vitro osteogenic potential of human bone marrow stromal cells cultivated in porous scaffolds from mineralized collagen.: Porous 3D structures from mineralize
TY - JOUR. T1 - Heparan sulfate enhances the self-renewal and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells from human adult bone marrow. AU - Helledie, Torben. AU - Dombrowski, Christian. AU - Rai, Bina. AU - Lim, Zophia X.H.. AU - Hin, Ian Lee Hock. AU - Rider, David A.. AU - Stein, Gary S.. AU - Hong, Wanjin. AU - Van Wijnen, Andre J.. AU - Hui, James H.. AU - Nurcombe, Victor. AU - Cool, Simon M.. PY - 2012/7/20. Y1 - 2012/7/20. N2 - Insufficient cell number hampers therapies utilizing adult human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and current ex vivo expansion strategies lead to a loss of multipotentiality. Here we show that supplementation with an embryonic form of heparan sulfate (HS-2) can both increase the initial recovery of hMSCs from bone marrow aspirates and increase their ex vivo expansion by up to 13-fold. HS-2 acts to amplify a subpopulation of hMSCs harboring longer telomeres and increased expression of the MSC surface marker stromal precursor antigen-1. Gene expression profiling ...
Bone marrow is the soft spongy tissue that lies within the hollow interior of long bones. In adults, marrow in large bones produces new blood cells. Bone marrow forms around 4% of total body weight. There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow that is responsible for producing red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets; and yellow marrow consisting mainly of fat cells.. International Journal of Bone Marrow Research publishes rigorously peer-reviewed manuscripts focusing on latest advancements related to all aspects of bone marrow. The manuscripts published in International Journal of Bone Marrow Research seeks to provide valuable information in bone marrow research, related diseases, transplant procedure and all aspects of follow-up care.. ...
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) constitute a cell population routinely used as a representation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. They reside within the bone marrow cavity alongside hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which can give rise to red blood cells, immune progenitors, and osteoclasts. Thus, extractions of cell populations from the bone marrow results in a very heterogeneous mix of various cell populations, which can present challenges in experimental design and confound data interpretation. Several isolation and culture techniques have been developed in laboratories in order to obtain more or less homogeneous populations of BMSCs and HSCs invitro. Here, we present two methods for isolation of BMSCs and HSCs from mouse long bones: one method that yields a mixed population of BMSCs and HSCs and one method that attempts to separate the two cell populations based on adherence. Both methods provide cells suitable for osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation experiments as well as functional assays
BACKGROUND: The expression of the two types of ferritin subunits, the H-subunit and L-subunit, has been shown to be differentially regulated by cytokines. The primary aim of the present study was to quantitatively measure the expression of the H-subunit and L-subunit of ferritin in bone marrow macrophages and cells of the erythron in patients with chronic T-helper cell type-1 immune stimulation. METHODS: The expression of the H-subunit and L-subunit of ferritin in bone marrow macrophages and cells of the erythron was quantitatively evaluated by post-embedding immunolocalisation with immunogold transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: The present study showed up-regulation of the H-subunit of ferritin in the bone marrow macrophage in patients with pronounced cellular immune activation (94.7 ± 37.3 counts/μm2; n = 31 vs 72.4 ± 34.0 counts/μm2; n = 13, p-value = 0.037). CONCLUSION: This supports a possible role for H-subunit rich ferritins in the hypoferraemia of chronic disease ...
Rafał B. Lewandowski, Małgorzata Stępińska, Andrzej Gietka, Monika Dobrzyńska, Mariusz P. Łapiński & Elżbieta A. Trafny (2021) The red-light emitting diode irradiation increases proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells preserving their immunophenotype, International Journal of Radiation Biology, 97:4, 553-563, DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1876947 Abstract Purpose For effective clinical application of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs), the enhancement of their proliferation ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Intravenous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells for Acute Ischemic Stroke. T2 - Safety, Feasibility, and Effect Size from a Phase I Clinical Trial. AU - Vahidy, Farhaan S.. AU - Haque, Muhammad E.. AU - Rahbar, Mohammad H.. AU - Zhu, Hongjian. AU - Rowan, Paul. AU - Aisiku, Imoigele P.. AU - Lee, Dean A.. AU - Juneja, Harinder S.. AU - Alderman, Susan. AU - Barreto, Andrew D.. AU - Suarez, Jose I.. AU - Bambhroliya, Arvind. AU - Hasan, Khader M.. AU - Kassam, Mallikarjuna Rao. AU - Aronowski, Jaroslaw. AU - Gee, Adrian. AU - Cox, Charles S.. AU - Grotta, James C.. AU - Savitz, Sean I.. PY - 2019/11/1. Y1 - 2019/11/1. N2 - Cellular therapy is a promising investigational modality to enhance poststroke recovery. We conducted a single-arm, phase I clinical trial to determine the safety and feasibility of intravenous (IV) administration of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Patients with moderate severity of AIS underwent bone marrow harvest ...
B Zakhireh, RK Root; Development of Oxidase activity by human bone marrow granulocytes, Blood, Volume 54, Issue 2, 1 August 1979, Pages 429-439, https://doi.org
P220 To determine the degree and extent of changes in cellular metabolic demand after stroke and bone marrow cell transplantation, a histochemistry assay of cytochrome oxidase (COx) which correlates with neuronal activity was employed,. Adult Wistar rats (n=9) were subjected to transient (2 h) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). At 1 d after ischemia, bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs, 4x105 in 10 :l) were transplanted intracerebrally into the ischemic boundary zone in the striatum and the cortex. The ischemia rats with (n=4) or without (n=5) MSC transplantation were sacrificed at 14 d after MCAo. Bone marrow cells were harvested from normal donor adult rats and cultured in Iscove s Modified Dulbecco s medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. MSCs were isolated by their adherence to the plastic dishes from the whole bone marrow cells at 72 h of incubation. Subsequently, the MSCs were cultured for 2 weeks and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, as a tracer to identify cells derived from bone ...
Compare average cost of Bone Marrow Stem Cell Therapies in Mexico City, Mexico. Price of Bone Marrow Stem Cell Therapies starts from $103.
This year marks the 60th anniversary of one of the seminal publications that triggered the introduction of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in medical practices worldwide. This landmark paper by Thomas et al. entitled, Intravenous infusion of bone marrow in patients receiving radiation and chemotherapy was published in the New England Journal on the 12th September 1957. The same year, this group also published other landmark papers in Blood. From the mid-1950s, Thomas developed methods for providing people with new bone marrow cells through transplants. Using radiation, chemotherapy, and nowadays immunosuppressive drugs, the bodys own bone marrow cells are killed and the immune systems rejection mechanism is subdued. Bone marrow cells from a donor are then provided through a blood transfusion. In 1958, a year after Thomas paper, Georges Mathé performed the first ever successful allogeneic bone marrow transplant on unrelated human beings. Since then, major developments in the ...
Bioencapsulation of cells is one of the many areas of artificial cells being extensively investigated by centers around the world. This includes the bioencapsulation of hepatocytes. A number of methods have been developed to maintain the specific function and phenotype of the bioencapsulated hepatocytes for in vitro and in vivo applications. These include supplementation of factors in the culture medium; use of appropriate substrates and the co-cultivation of hepatocytes with other type of cells, the so called feeder cells. These feeder cells can be of liver origin or non-liver origin. We have recently studied the role of bone marrow cells in the maintenance of hepatocytes viability and phenotype by using the coculture of hepatocytes with bone marrow cells (nucleated cells including stem cells), and the coencapsulation of hepatocytes with bone marrow stem cells. This way, the hepatocytes viability and specific function can be maintained significantly longer. In vivo studies of both syngeneic and
Purpose: : To study the role of in-vitro generated Bone Marrow derived Dendritic Cells (BMDC) after glucocorticoid treatment on corneal allograft survival in the rat. Methods: : BMDC were propagated from either Lewis (LEW) or Dark Agouti (DA) rat bone marrow precursors cells (1.5x106 cells/ml) in complete medium supplemented with rat GMCSF (5ng/µl) and IL-4 (5ng/µl). For glucocorticoid treatment of BMDCs, dexamethasone (Dexa) (10-6M) was added on d5 and d7 of a 10 day culture. BMDC and Dexa BMDC phenotype was characterised and analysed for expression of cell surface markers CD11b/c, MHC II, CD80, CD86 and His36 by flow cytometry. BMDC and Dexa BMDC antigen presenting cell function was examined in both antigen specific (Ovalbumin) and allo-antigen specific lymphocyte assays. Responder cells were analysed by FACS for proliferation and expression of lymphocyte activation markers CD25 or OX40. Moreover recall experiments were performed to study the mechanisms of immunomodulation in vivo. A fully ...
The objective of this study was to examine the osteoinductive capacity of different concentrations of BMP-2 on bone marrow stromal cells in vitro. Further, we intended to determine whether titanium provided with an increased surface roughness is more efficient in osteoblast differentiation than machined titanium. Therefore, 20,000 cells/ml were seeded and cultured on machined and grit-blasted titanium discs for 4, 8 and 16 days. Different concentrations of rhBMP-2 (0, 10, 100, 1000 ng/ml) were supplemented to the medium for 8 days of culturing. To evaluate cellular proliferation and differentiation, specimens were examined for DNA, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium content. Morphological appearance of the specimens at 8 and 16 days of incubation was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Two separate experimental runs were performed.Evaluation of the DNA and alkaline phosphatase data revealed that a significant difference existed for these data between both experimental runs. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Characterization of NKR+ T-cell subsets in human bone marrow. T2 - implications for immunosurveillance of neoplasia. AU - Dean, J. AU - McCarthy, D. AU - Doherty, D G. AU - OFarrelly, C. AU - Golden-Mason, L. AU - Lawler, Mark. PY - 2005/1. Y1 - 2005/1. N2 - In addition to hematopoietic progenitors, human bone marrow contains mature T/NK lymphocytes. Valpha24Vbeta11 NKT-cells, a subset of NK receptor+ (NKR+) T-cells in humans, are rare in bone marrow, suggesting the presence of other NKR+ T-cells which may contribute to tumor surveillance. NKR+/- T-cells were examined in blood (PB), and bone marrow from donors (DM) and patients with active hematopoietic malignancy (PM), or in remission (PR). T-cells in PR & PM were enriched for CD56+ and CD57+ subsets, compared to DM. All marrow NKR+/- T-cell subsets were more activated than PB. PM and, surprisingly, PR marrow contained more activated cells than DM. CD8+ cells were significantly increased in all patient marrows and there was ...
"Bone Marrow (Hematopoietic) Stem Cells , stemcells.nih.gov". stemcells.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-07-13. Sullivan, Kathleen E.; ... which are stem cells that bring about other cells) has proven useful in some instances. Additionally the following treatments ... V(D)J recombination is a genetic recombination that happens in early stages of B and T cell maturation. The diagnosis of ... Recurrent infections Microcephaly Growth retardation Bone-malformation Dysmorphic feature Urogenital malformations In terms of ...
Several types of stem cells are related to bone marrow. Hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow can give rise to ... Bone marrow examination is the pathologic analysis of samples of bone marrow obtained via biopsy and bone marrow aspiration. ... The bone marrow stroma contains mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are also known as marrow stromal cells. These are ... bone marrow is the primary site of new blood cell production (or haematopoiesis). It is composed of hematopoietic cells, marrow ...
Hess DC, Hill WD, Carroll JE, Borlongan CV (Apr 2004). "Do bone marrow cells generate neurons?". Archives of Neurology. 61 (4 ... Kemp K, Wilkins A, Scolding N (Nov 2014). "Cell fusion in the brain: two cells forward, one cell back". Acta Neuropathologica. ... "Fusion of bone-marrow-derived cells with Purkinje neurons, cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes". Nature. 425 (6961): 968-73. Bibcode ... "Stable reprogrammed heterokaryons form spontaneously in Purkinje neurons after bone marrow transplant". Nature Cell Biology. 5 ...
"Investigative Engineered Bone Marrow Cell Therapy". Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. 2011-05-23. Dall'oglio S, D'Amico A ... Cells may grow and pass through the cell cycle normally without arrest or death. However, some tumors cells are MGMT deficient ... In cells with MGMTd, DNA damage by TMZ activates the next stage of repair in cells with a proficient Mismatch Repair enzyme ... The most common side effect is bone marrow suppression. The most common non-hematological adverse effects associated with ...
There is evidence in mice and humans that bone marrow cells either fuse with or generate cerebellar Purkinje cells, and it is ... with basket cells synapsing on the Purkinje cell axon initial segment and stellate cells onto the dendrites. Purkinje cells ... possible that bone marrow cells, either by direct generation or by cell fusion, could play a role in repair of central nervous ... Hess DC, Hill WD, Carroll JE, Borlongan CV (2004). "Do bone marrow cells generate neurons?". Archives of Neurology. 61 (4): 483 ...
Wickramasinghe SN, Olsen I, Saunders JE (1975). "Thymidine kinase activity in human bone marrow cells". Scandinavian Journal of ... is cell cycle-independent. TK1 is synthesized by the cell during the S phase of cell division. After cell division is completed ... in peripheral lymphocytes during monocytosis and in bone marrow during pernicious anemia. As TK1 is present in cells during ... Enzymes of thymidine and thymidylate metabolism in normal and pathological blood and bone marrow cells]". Blut (in German). 25 ...
These are multipotent cells that reside in the bone marrow niche and have the ability to give rise to all haematopoietic cells ... expression in bone marrow and fractionated marrow cell populations by interleukin 3 (IL-3): IL-3-mediated positive feedback ... These are secreted by other haematopoietic cells in the bone marrow or at the site of inflammation as well as epithelial and ... Bendall, Linda J.; Bradstock, Kenneth F. (2014-08-01). "G-CSF: From granulopoietic stimulant to bone marrow stem cell ...
"Bone marrow cell treatment for chronic multiple sclerosis". MS Trust website. Retrieved 29 November 2012. "Pilates based core ... Research currently being funded includes: University of Bristol, Bone marrow cell treatment for chronic multiple sclerosis ...
... in the bone marrow. Various chemokines and receptors are involved in the homing of hematopoietic stem cells. Bone marrow Lymph ... Yusuf, Rushdia Z.; Scadden, David T. (17 March 2009). "Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Bone Marrow". Journal of Visualized ... Homing is the phenomenon whereby cells migrate to the organ of their origin. By homing, transplanted hematopoietic cells are ... "Chemokine receptors that mediate B cell homing to secondary lymphoid tissues are highly expressed in B cell chronic lymphocytic ...
GvHD is commonly associated with bone marrow transplants and stem cell transplants. White blood cells of the donor's immune ... International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry". Bone Marrow Transplantation. 24 (3): 283-7. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1701899. PMID ... "Stem Cell or Bone Marrow Transplant Side Effects". www.cancer.org. Retrieved 2020-09-01. Goker H, Haznedaroglu IC, Chao NJ ( ... After bone marrow transplantation, T cells present in the graft, either as contaminants or intentionally introduced into the ...
Morrison, S. J; Scadden, D. T (2014). "The bone marrow niche for haematopoietic stem cells". Nature. 505 (7483): 327-334. ... Often, cell debris and foreign particles, which are impermeable to the BBB will get through the endothelial cells, only to be ... The production of cAMP aids in the modulation of auto-reactive T cells by regulatory T cells. . The perivascular space is ... This holds true for many T and B cells, as well as monocytes, giving this small fluid filled space an important immunological ...
... s are produced by the bone marrow from precursors called monoblasts, bipotent cells that differentiated from ... "Bone Marrow Endothelial Cells Regulate Myelopoiesis in Diabetes". Circulation. 142 (3): 244-258. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. ... which activates CD4 Th2 cells and inhibits CD4 Th1 cell function. Many factors produced by other cells can regulate the ... With a diameter of 15-22 μm, monocytes are the largest cell type in peripheral blood. Monocytes are mononuclear cells and the ...
BAFF is secreted by a variety of cells: monocytes and macrophages; bone marrow stromal cells; astrocytes in certain ... B cells develop in the bone marrow and continue to mature peripherally in secondary lymphoid organs and in the gut. When ... Belimumab binds to BAFF and prevents it from binding to B cells. Without BAFF, B cells commit suicide and no longer contribute ... Researchers theorize that SLE is caused when autoimmune B cells proliferate and survival factors protect them from cell suicide ...
"Vasculogenic mimicry of acute leukemic bone marrow stromal cells". Leukemia. 23 (6): 1039-1048. doi:10.1038/leu.2009.10. PMID ... Vaudry, D.; Stork, PJ; Lazarovici, P; Eiden, LE (31 May 2002). "Signaling Pathways for PC12 Cell Differentiation: Making the ... in PC12 Cells". Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. 54 (3): 574-585. doi:10.1007/s12031-014-0388-2. PMID 25078264. S2CID 1620005 ... Endothelial Cell Tube Formation Assay". Neurotrophic Factors. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1727. pp. 239-250. doi:10.1007 ...
Plasma cells less than 10% on bone marrow examination; No evidence of bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, or chronic kidney ... There is a predominance of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow with an abnormal immunophenotype (CD38+ CD56+ CD19−) mixed in ... MGUS is a common, age-related medical condition characterized by an accumulation of bone marrow plasma cells derived from a ... white blood cells that secrete antibodies) in the bone marrow is lower, and it rarely has symptoms or major problems. However, ...
... red blood cells, and platelets), hemophagocytosis (i.e. ingestion of blood cells by histiocytes) in bone marrow and spleen), a ... CD4+ T cells (i.e. T helper cells), CD8+ cells (i.e. cytotoxic T cells), NK cells (i.e. natural killer cells). The mechanism by ... NK cells), Gamma delta T cells (γδ T cells), cytotoxic T cells (CTL), helper T cells (Th cells), and follicular B helper T ... a type of white blood cell), i.e. B cells, T cells, NK cells, and histiocytic-dendritic cells, are infected with the Epstein- ...
Debernardi S, Dixon-McIver A (2010). "MicroRNA detection in bone marrow cells by LNA-FISH". MicroRNAs and the Immune System. ... Wong TS, Liu XB, Wong BY, Ng RW, Yuen AP, Wei WI (May 2008). "Mature miR-184 as Potential Oncogenic microRNA of Squamous Cell ... Choong ML, Yang HH, McNiece I (April 2007). "MicroRNA expression profiling during human cord blood-derived CD34 cell ... "Differential microRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Graves' disease patients". The Journal of Clinical ...
Boes KM, Durham AC (February 2017). "Bone Marrow, Blood Cells, and the Lymphoid/Lymphatic System.". Pathologic Basis of ... Thrombopoiesis is the formation of thrombocytes (blood platelets) in the bone marrow. Thrombopoietin is the main regulator of ... and supporting these cells so they mature to become platelet-producing cells. The process of Thrombopoiesis is caused by the ... Megakaryocytes are precursor cells that are highly specialized. Megakaryocytes give rise to 1,000 to 3,000 platelets. ...
MD Stem Cells, a clinical research company using autologous bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSC) in the treatment of retinal ... bone marrow derived stem cells in the treatment of Retinitis Pigmentosa. Stem Cell Investig. 2018 Jun 6;5:18. doi: 10.21037/sci ... "Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study II". 22 February 2021. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires , ... that protects the cone cells from apoptosis (cell death). However, when the rod cells die, this substance is no longer provided ...
A CXCR4 agonist pepducin mobilizes bone marrow hematopoietic cells. A PAR1 pepducin, PZ-128, has successfully completed phase I ... "Discovery of a CXCR4 agonist pepducin that mobilizes bone marrow hematopoietic cells". 2010. Archived from the original on 2011 ... Pepducins are cell-penetrating peptides that act as intracellular modulators of signal transference from receptors to G ... This structure allows pepducin lipopeptides to anchor in the cell membrane lipid bilayer and target the GPCR/G protein ...
... of all nucleated cells in the marrow. Regardless of the percentage of these cells, the presence of monoclonal B cells in bone ... Most individuals with MBL have at presentation an abnormal infiltrate of monoclonal B-cells in their bone marrow as determined ... Wotherspoon A, Attygalle A, Mendes LS (December 2015). "Bone marrow and splenic histology in hairy cell leukaemia". Best ... These cells, similar to the monoclonal cells in Hairy cell leukemia, may have the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene. Patients ...
... where the transplanted cells override the previous bone marrow. This allows the bone marrow to recover, proliferate and ... The administered hematopoietic stem cells then migrate to the recipient's bone marrow, through a process known as stem cell ... CD34+ cells) yield. Immature hematopoietic stem cells in the circulating blood that are similar to those in the bone marrow are ... randomized study of allogeneic marrow vs blood stem cell transplantation". Bone Marrow Transplantation. 25 (5): 501-5. doi: ...
MD Stem Cells, a research-physician clinical development company using autologous bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSC), has ... "Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cell Ophthalmology Treatment Study II". 8 September 2021. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires , ... Stem-cell therapy involves injecting cells with the potential to mature into differentiated and functioning retinal cells. This ... Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells in the Treatment of Stargardt Disease". Medicines. 8 (2): 10. doi:10.3390/medicines8020010. PMC ...
... a surface molecule of bone marrow stromal cell lines that facilitates pre-B-cell growth". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 91 (12): ... Bst1 (Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1, ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2, CD157) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BST1 gene ... "Entrez Gene: BST1 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1". Quarona V, Zaccarello G, Chillemi A (2013). "CD38 and CD157: a long ... 1996). "Elevated levels of the soluble form of bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 in the sera of patients with severe ...
Bone Marrow Cells - Advances in Research Application: 2013 Edition. ScholarlyEditions. ISBN 9781481698047 - via Google Books. ... "FDNY Honors Life-Saving Bone Marrow Donors". CBS New York. Retrieved 6 October 2016. Daily News (29 April 2016). "Bone marrow ... FDNY members represent more than 10% of all NYBC bone marrow donors. Each year, at an annual induction ceremony hosted by FDNY ... FDNY Press Office (29 April 2016). "Fire Commissioner and New York Blood Center Honor FDNY Bone Marrow Donors". Fire Department ...
Bradley, T. R.; Metcalf, D. (1966). "The growth of mouse bone marrow cells in vitro". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires , ... Immunology & Cell Biology is an academic journal of the Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology covering basic ... and was converted in 1987 to Immunology and Cell Biology, making it one of the oldest speciality immunology journals in ...
"Autologous bone-marrow stem-cell transplantation for myocardial regeneration". The Lancet. 361 (9351): 45-46. doi:10.1016/S0140 ... Autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation Stem-cell therapy "What Are Stem Cells?". Retrieved 2017-02-12. Mahla RS ( ... transplantation in which stem cells (undifferentiated cells from which other cell types develop) are removed from a person, ... precursors of blood-forming cells) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, cardiac cells have also been used successfully ...
Treatment with androgens and hematopoietic (blood cell) growth factors can help bone marrow failure temporarily, but the long- ... The last major haematological complication associated with FA is bone marrow failure, defined as inadequate blood cell ... Senescence, together with apoptosis, may constitute a major mechanism of haemopoietic cell depletion occurred in bone marrow ... investigates the mechanism of bone marrow failure in FANCC-/- cells. They hypothesize and successfully demonstrate that ...
Di Rosa F, Pabst R (2005). "The bone marrow: a nest for migratory memory T cells". Trends Immunol. 26 (7): 360-6. doi:10.1016/j ... innate immune memory in stromal cells, fungal mediation of innate and inherited immunological response, and T and B-cell immune ... Cellular memory (CM) is a parallel hypothesis to BM positing that memories can be stored outside the brain in all cells. The ... enables the immune system to learn to react to pathogens through mechanisms such as cytoxic memory mediation in bone marrow, ...
Ubiquitin-like 7 (bone marrow stromal cell-derived) is a protein in humans that is encoded by the UBL7 gene. ENSG00000288408 ... "Entrez Gene: Ubiquitin-like 7 (bone marrow stromal cell-derived)". Retrieved 2013-07-09. Overview of all the structural ...
... of airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodelling Trafficking and lung homing of bone-marrow derived hemopoietic stem cells ...
"Bone marrow infiltration as the initial presentation of gastric signet ring cell adenocarcinoma". Journal of Gastrointestinal ... studies indicate that bone marrow metastases will likely play a larger role in the diagnosis and management of signet ring cell ... Some cases are inherited, and these cases are often caused by mutations in the CDH1 gene, which encodes the important cell-cell ... As a result, the ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling pathway becomes constitutively activated, cell-cell interactions are lost and signet ...
... suppresses the bone marrow from producing blood cells).[citation needed] The Multinational Association for Supportive Care in ... a type of white blood cell) in the blood. The term neutropenic sepsis is also applied, although it tends to be reserved for ...
Unlike dendritic cells (DC), FDCs are not derived from the bone-marrow hematopoietic stem cell, but are of mesenchymal origin. ... and differentiation into high-affinity plasma cells and memory B cells. Adhesion between FDCs and B cells is mediated by ICAM-1 ... Activated B-cells with low affinity to antigen captured on FDCs surface as well as autoreactive B-cells undergo apoptosis, ... Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) are cells of the immune system found in primary and secondary lymph follicles (lymph nodes) of ...
If autoreactive cells escape clonal deletion in either the thymus or the bone marrow, there are mechanisms in the periphery ... B cells demonstrating high affinity for self antigen can undergo clonal deletion within the bone marrow. This occurs after the ... There are millions of B and T cells inside the body, both created within the bone marrow and the latter matures in the thymus, ... Such T cells are often removed via clonal deletion, leaving autoreactive B cells unstimulated and unactivated. These B cells do ...
... red blood cells unable to carry enough oxygen to tissues), blood clots, and impaired bone marrow function (not making enough ... Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is characterized by red blood cell destruction, anemia ( ... blood cells). Pegcetacoplan is the first treatment for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria that binds to and inhibits ...
Cells expressing CD34 (CD34+ cell) are normally found in the umbilical cord and bone marrow as haematopoietic cells, or in ... December 2019). "Single-cell analysis of bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells from children with sickle cell disease and thalassemia ... It may also mediate the attachment of hematopoietic stem cells to bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells ... and expression of a novel hematopoietic cell antigen from CD34+ human bone marrow cells". Blood. 89 (8): 2706-2716. doi:10.1182 ...
In 2011, she added a center for advanced therapeutics with a bone marrow transplant unit and a research center. Her goal is to ... Yeast expression platforms offer a desirable alternative to mammalian cell cultures for the genetic manipulation of cells for ... "Biocon to invest in cell for innovation at ISB". Business Line. 9 June 2009. Retrieved 23 September 2014. Panthry, Pallavee ... 117 She funded a multi-year research program by creating the Biocon Cell for Innovation Management with Prasad kaipa at the ...
In hematology, myelopoiesis in the broadest sense of the term is the production of bone marrow and of all cells that arise from ... The common myeloid progenitor can differentiate in the bone marrow into red blood cells and megakaryocytes (leading to ... A granulocyte differentiates into a distinct cell type by a process called granulopoiesis. In this process it first transforms ... The granulocytes, also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes because of their multilobed nuclei, are three short lived cell types ...
Bone Marrow Transplant. 34 (8): 683-91. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1704602. PMID 15322567. "{{Webarchive,url=https://web.archive.org/ ... It is a 166 amino acid protein produced by E. coli bacteria into which a gene has been inserted for soluble human stem cell ... Ancestim is a recombinant methionyl human stem cell factor, branded by Amgen as StemGen. It was developed by Amgen and sold to ... 2004). "Ancestim (recombinant human stem cell factor, SCF) in association with filgrastim does not enhance chemotherapy and/or ...
"The P4-type ATPase ATP11C is essential for B lymphopoiesis in adult bone marrow". Nature Immunology. 12 (5): 434-40. doi: ... The corresponding protein in mice is essential for the development of B cells and red blood cells, and for the prevention of ...
Triferic delivers iron directly to transferrin which transported it to the bone marrow to make hemoglobin. Rockwell is actively ... a key element in the formation of new red blood cells. It was licensed in 2011 for the delivery of iron supplementation for ...
... and bone marrow. Inside cells under normal conditions, lysosomes convert, or metabolize, lipids and proteins into smaller ... Furthermore, gene therapies and bone marrow transplantation may prove to be effective for certain lipid storage disorders. Diet ... These tests include clinical examination, biopsy, genetic testing, molecular analysis of cells or tissues, and enzyme assays. ... is any one of a group of inherited metabolic disorders in which harmful amounts of fats or lipids accumulate in some body cells ...
Transformation of murine bone marrow cells with a raf/myc retrovirus yields clonally related mature B cells and macrophages. ... Cell 53:857-867 (1988) In vitro derived leukaemic erythroid cell lines induced by a raf/myc retrovirus differentiate in ... Cell 65:1-10 (1991) Erythropoietin-induced stimulation of differentiation and proliferation in J2E cells is not mimicked by ... Klinken's research interests include the regulation of red blood cell formation, and the ability of leukaemic cells to develop ...
June 2011). "[CD96 expression on bone marrow mononuclear cells in 91 patients with acute leukemia]". Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye ... The protein may play a role in the adhesion of activated T and NK cells to their target cells during the late phase of the ... CD96 is a receptor protein which is expressed on T cells and NK cells and shares sequence similarity with CD226 (also known as ... Fuchs A, Cella M, Giurisato E, Shaw AS, Colonna M (April 2004). "Cutting edge: CD96 (tactile) promotes NK cell-target cell ...
Her research focused on differentiation of cells in bone marrow and the development of blood cancers. 1990 Elected member of ...
... hemolysis within the bone marrow) Multiple frequent blood transfusions (either whole blood or just red blood cells), which are ... Hemosiderosis is hemosiderin deposition within cells, while hemochromatosis is hemosiderin within cells and interstitium. ... metabolism: diabetes in people with iron overload occurs as a result of selective iron deposition in islet beta cells in the ... Iron, which makes up 70% of red blood cell composition, is a critical micronutrient for effective thermoregulation in the body ...
Osteochondroprogenitor cells are progenitor cells that arise from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the bone marrow. They have ... before any genetic or morphological criteria were put in place for bone marrow or connective tissues. Osteoprogenitor cells can ... giving rise to either bone or cartilage respectively. Osteochondroprogenitor cells are important for bone formation and ... Osteoblasts are cells that group together to form units, called osteons, to produce bone. Runx2 (which may also be known as ...
"Palmar Eccrine Hidradenitis Secondary to Trauma from Computer Gaming in an Adolescent After Bone Marrow Transplantation". ... Hidradenitis has been diagnosed through an examination to confirm the presence of neutrophils (a type of immune cell present ... "Inflammation of sites where tendons and ligaments are attached to the bone"), and epicondylitis (degeneration of the origin of ...
... bone marrow and lymph glands, and that they are the result of the uncontrolled proliferation of staminal blood cells. This ... Banti proposed that the enlarged spleen was the cause of red cell destruction which led to anemia and that only removal of the ... He spent time studying cancer cells in 1890-93. 1894 he published a study of typhoid fever, Le setticemie tifiche (Florence). ...
Begley was also involved in more work with mice that found that bone marrow cells are not a contributor to endothelium of ... In 1999 he released an article which he was the co-author of that was solely on SCL and the relationship with T cells and T ... Begley, C. Glenn (2015). "My Tribute to a Real Master Craftsman, Don Metcalf". Stem Cells. 33 (5): 1683-1684. doi:10.1002/stem. ... Begley, C. Glenn (2015). "My Tribute to a Real Master Craftsman, Don Metcalf". Stem Cells. 33 (5): 1683-1684. doi:10.1002/stem. ...
Subsequent RT-PCR analysis revealed expression of this protein in the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and in peripheral blood ... Côté JF, Vuori K (August 2007). "GEF what? Dock180 and related proteins help Rac to polarize cells in new ways". Trends in Cell ... Meller N, Merlot S, Guda C (November 2005). "CZH proteins: a new family of Rho-GEFs". Journal of Cell Science. 118 (Pt 21): ... Dock11 is expressed at lower levels in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, C2C12 myoblasts and Neuro-2A neuroblastoma cells. Dock11 mRNA has ...
Jeffrey, who has long felt guilty because his stem cell and bone marrow donations were unable to save his brother's life, ...
... is a glycoprotein hormone produced by the interstitial fibroblasts in the kidney that signal for erythropoiesis in bone marrow ... Because such blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the muscles, a higher concentration in the blood can improve an ... Blood doping is a form of doping in which the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream is boosted in order to enhance ... The freezing process, conversely, limits the aging of the cells, allowing the storage of the blood for up to 10 years with a 10 ...
Bone marrow disease: like Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria 4. Sickle Cell Anemia's, 5. Thalassemia 6.Immune Deficiencies ... Blood stem cells are young or immature cells that can transform into other forms of essential blood cell types (pluripotent), ... such as red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. The use of blood stem cells has emerged as a potentially curative ... matched stem cell units because of the relative scarcity of stem cell donors that matched Singapore's main ethnic profiles i.e ...
A subunits of human factor XIII are made primarily by platelets and other cells of bone marrow origin. B subunits are secreted ... Dimers containing only A units also occur within cells such as platelets. Large quantities of singular B units (monomers) also ... determination of the presence of factor XIII may be used to identify and classify malignant diseases involving these cells. ...
IL-3 is secreted by basophils and activated T cells to support growth and differentiation of T cells from the bone marrow in an ... "Accelerated and longterm hematopoietic engraftment in mice transplanted with ex-vivo expanded bone marrow". Bone Marrow ... Peters SO, Kittler EL, Ramshaw HS, Quesenberry PJ (1996). "Ex-vivo expansion of murine marrow cells with IL-3, Il-6, Il-11 and ... However, only IL-3 treatment in bone marrow failure disorders such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and aplastic anemia (AA) ...
... squamous cell skin cancer, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome; in long-term use there is a warning of the risk of bone fluorosis and ... including people undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT), who have hematologic cancers or who undergo organ ... It works by affecting fungal metabolism and fungal cell membranes. Voriconazole was patented in 1990 and approved for medical ... Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy. 10 (4): 239-244. doi:10.1016/j.hemonc.2017.05.013. PMID 28636889. Herbrecht R, ...
Bone marrow tumour cells express the following antigen targets CD20 (98.3%), CD22 (88.3%), CD40 (83.3%), CD52 (77.4%), IgM ( ... A bone marrow biopsy provides a sample of bone marrow, usually from the lower back of the pelvis bone. The sample is extracted ... "Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for advanced Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia". Bone Marrow Transplant. 23 (7): 747-9. ... lymphoplasmacytoid cells and plasma cells. Both cell types are white blood cells. It is characterized by having high levels of ...
Allogenic bone marrow transplantation has been investigated in the treatment of HTLV-1 disease with varied results. One case ... The virus activates a subset of T-helper cells called Th1 cells. The result is a proliferation of Th1 cells and overproduction ... including CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells and B cells. HTLV-I entry is mediated through interaction of the surface unit of the ... Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I), also called the adult T-cell lymphoma virus type ...
Bone marrow contains stem cells, which are immature cells that become blood cells. ... Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside your bones. ... Bone marrow contains stem cells, which are immature cells that ... Bone marrow donation can be done either by collecting a donors bone marrow surgically, or by removing stem cells from a ... bone marrow donation; Lymphoma - bone marrow donation; Myeloma - bone marrow donation ...
Autologous mesenchymal stromal cells cured multidrug-resistant and extensively-drug-resistant tuberculosis in more than half of ... Infusion of a patients own bone marrow stem cells as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy for multidrug-resistant (MDR) or ... Cite this: Patients Own Bone Marrow Cells May Cure Drug-Resistant TB - Medscape - Jan 08, 2014. ... MSCs are also called mesenchymal stem cells and marrow stromal cells.). The researchers note that the immune response can ...
Life sciences/Cell biology/Cells/Stem cells/Hematopoietic stem cells * /Scientific community/Research programs/Stem cell ... Viagra helps mobilize bone marrow stem cells for transplantation in mice Peer-Reviewed Publication Cell Press ... Viagra helps mobilize bone marrow stem cells for transplantation in mice. Cell Press ... The researchers next harvested hematopoietic stem cells from the blood or bone marrow of donor mice treated with either ...
In this study, the effect of intrathecal administration of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) is analyzed on the ... Patients who underwent cell therapy within 2 years after the stroke showed better changes. Ischemic type of stroke had better ... 24 patients diagnosed with chronic stroke were administered cell therapy, followed by multidisciplinary neurorehabilitation. ... Cell therapy is being widely explored in the management of stroke and has demonstrated great potential. It has been shown to ...
Fraction of bone marrow cells that are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Range. 0.01%-0.001% % ... P.171 right column 2nd paragraph: MSCs represent between 0.01% and 0.001% of all nucleated cells in adult human bone marrow, ... Mesenchymal stem cells and their potential as cardiac therapeutics. Circ Res. 2004 Jul 9 95(1):9-20. DOI: 10.1161/01.RES. ... Volume of cell and mass of protein in thymocyte (assuming protein concentration of 200 g/l). ...
"Our study suggests that, in addition to infusing stem cells that restore the bone marrow, life-long anti-CMV immunity may be ... A Few Cells Could Prevent Bone Marrow Transplant Infections. .social-ris-container { display: flex; justify-content: space- ... His group showed that a small number of stem-cell like CD8 T cells -called "memory" cells -were enough to produce and ... but these are not always well tolerated by patients and they also harm the very cells that bone marrow transplantation aims to ...
bone marrow transplant treatment monograph.. Bone Marrow and Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation. Bone marrow is a soft, ... Bone marrow contains immature cells called stem cells. Stem cells can mature into blood cells (white blood cells, red blood ... For a thorough description of bone marrow and peripheral stem cell transplantation, see the bone marrow transplant treatment ... from the bone marrow or blood, rather than from a donor. Hodgkins disease rarely affects the bone marrow, so cells from the ...
Aim: To investigate the effects of neurogenically-induced autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (NIBM-MSCs) in ... Intraspinal Transplantation of Autologous Neurogenically-Induced Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of ... Results: Two months after cell transplantation, there were no changes except for 1 gait score improvement for 1 of the cases. ...
A just-released survey conducted by the SA Bone Marrow Registry found that most South Africans are still confused about bone- ... marrow stem-cell donation, which is preventing them from becoming donors... ... "Bone marrow stem cell donation is not a blood transfusion. When stem cells are harvested peripherally, blood is drawn from one ... Bone marrow stem-cell donation not a priority for 49% of South Africans, survey shows ...
Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Treatment for Severe COVID-19. Stem Cells Dev. 2020 Jun 15;29(12): ... Infusion Treatment Using Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell (bmMSC) Derived Extracellular Vesicle Product, ExoFlo™, for COVID-19 ... Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles Infusion Treatment: A Global Expanded Access Protocol for ... Biological: Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles Infusion Treatment Intravenous Infusion over 60 ...
Abnormality of multiple cell lineages in the bone marrow (HP:0012145). Annotations: Rat: (0) Mouse: (0) Human: (193) Chinchilla ... Genes QTLs Strains Markers Genome Information Ontologies Cell Lines References Download Submit Data ... Abnormality of bone marrow stromal cells Abnormality of multiple cell lineages in the bone marrow + ...
... and can store and harvest stem cells provided by healthy bone marrow donors. The stem cells subsequently can be utilized in ... Thanks to the procedure, during which stem cells were harvested from a healthy donor, a bone marrow transplant was performed in ... "With the successful completion of our first-ever stem cell harvesting procedure, which made possible a life-saving bone marrow ... In addition to recruiting bone marrow donors, these events will seek support for the establishment of a stem cell ...
Bone marrow contains many cell types including hematopoietic cells and their precursors, adipocytes, endothelial cells, and ... Molecular Characterization Of Putative Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells From Equine Bone Marrow Aspirates. ... However, there is no consensus on their phenotype from uncultured bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) and poor understanding ... There are also cells with reported capacity to differentiate into bone, cartilage, and other tissues. Their descriptive ...
... sheet-secreted paracrine factors is central to the mechanism by which these cells contribute to tissue repair. The purpose of ... The release of a wide array of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) ... of cell sheet technology to bone marrow stromal cell ... SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in Tie2-lineage cells including endothelial progenitor cells contributes to bone fracture healing. J Bone ... Methods: EPCs derived from rat bone marrow (BM-EPC) were identified and isolated by the cell-surface markers CD34/CD133/VE- ...
Detecting Nucleated Cells in Bone Marrow Smears using Deep Learning. *Mark. Bram, Robin LU and Näsström, Mattias LU (2021) In ... Sometimes it is not enough to only investigate the peripheral blood but also samples from the bone marrow. The bone marrow is ... Sometimes it is not enough to only investigate the peripheral blood but also samples from the bone marrow. The bone marrow is ... Sometimes it is not enough to only investigate the peripheral blood but also samples from the bone marrow. The bone marrow is ...
Background: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (hBMSC-HLCs) are a promising alternative for ... Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-dervied hepatocyte-like cells (BMSC-HLCs) have the potential to overcome the ... Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Distinct Phenotype of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Hepatocyte-like cells ... Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Distinct Phenotype of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Hepatocyte-like cells. ...
... researchers have been able to make adult stem cells change and develop into organ producing cells. ... By manipulating the environment of adult stem cells, ... Bone marrow cells appear to have the capacity to replace any ... rigid bone cells, and soft muscle cells, by changing the environment of adult bone marrow cells. A rigid, stiff, or soft ... The bone marrow cells were encouraged by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley. It was there that the cells ...
... ... Intrathymic inoculation of donor bone marrow cells prior to xenotransplantation of pig pancreatic islets into diabetic rats. ...
Effects of adrenomedullin on acute ischaemia-induced collateral development and mobilization of bone-marrow-derived cells. Clin ... The HIF-1 response to simulated ischemia in mouse skeletal muscle cells neither enhances glycolysis nor prevents myotube cell ... Activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 in Skeletal Muscle Cells After Exposure to Damaged Muscle Cell Debris ... Adrenomedullin as a Growth and Cell Fate Regulatory Factor for Adult Neural Stem Cells ...
Bone marrow aspirates were obtained from the iliac crest and were centrifuged with a cell separator during the procedure of TRO ... Bone consolidation of transition zone on the cell-seeded femoral head was observed postoperatively at three or six months. The ... Transplantation of BMMNCs may be a beneficial treatment for bone repair in the condition of osteonecrosis. ... This case report documents the potential of BMMNCs with IP-CHA for bone repair at the lesion of osteonecrosis of the femoral ...
Contrast this with the stem cell mania at the turn of the century, when a report that bone marrow-derived stem cells can ... Bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy for acute myocardial infarction: we know what we want, but we just dont know how yet ... Bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy for acute myocardial infarction: we know what we want, but we just dont know how yet ... Infusion of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) into the infarct-related coronary artery has been shown in ...
T Regulatory Cells Support Plasma Cell Populations in the Bone Marrow. Cell Rep. 2017;18(8):1906-1916.. View this article via: ... CD150high Bone Marrow Tregs Maintain Hematopoietic Stem Cell Quiescence and Immune Privilege via Adenosine. Cell Stem Cell. ... Leptin-receptor-expressing mesenchymal stromal cells represent the main source of bone formed by adult bone marrow. Cell Stem ... Profiling of bone marrow Tregs. (A) Representative plots of Foxp3+ cells. (B) Frequencies and absolute counts of Foxp3+ cells; ...
A Comprehensive Guide about Stem Cell Transplant Procedure, Type, Surgery & Treatment Cost ... Bone Marrow FAQs. Why is bone marrow transplant done?. A bone marrow transplant is a medical procedure that is done to replace ... Bone marrow is a procedure performed to replace damaged or diseased bone marrow with healthy blood-forming stem cells. The bone ... The recipient of a bone marrow transplant has two DNA sets, and the bone marrow is responsible for creating blood cells. So, ...
Rearrangements of T-cell antigen receptor γ and δ chain genes are detected in the long-term cultured bone marrow cells of ... Rearrangements of T-cell antigen receptor gamma and delta chain genes are detected in the long-term cultured bone marrow cells ... Characterization of cells with T cell markers in athymic nude bone marrow and of their in vitro-derived clonal progeny. Journal ... Bone marrow cells of athymic nude mice express functional T cell receptor alpha chain transcripts rearranged to V delta 2, 3, 4 ...
... and Cell Therapy in Seattle that one possible approach to reduce this toxic effect on bone marrow cells is to modify the cells ... it can also have a strong toxic effect on normal cells such as bone marrow and blood cells, often limiting the ability to use ... Although chemotherapy is used to kill cancer cells, ... Gene-modified stem cells help protect bone marrow from toxic ... and Cell Therapy in Seattle that one possible approach to reduce this toxic effect on bone marrow cells is to modify the cells ...
Synchronous mantle cell lymphoma bone marrow involvement complicated with extensive‑stage small cell lung cancer: A case report ... Loscocco GG, Piccini M, Bencini S and Vergoni F: Bone marrow involvement in small cell lung cancer. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther ... Synchronous mantle cell lymphoma bone marrow involvement complicated with extensive‑stage small cell lung cancer: A case report ... Synchronous mantle cell lymphoma bone marrow involvement complicated with extensive‑stage small cell lung cancer: A case report ...
Automated digital enumeration of plasma cells in bone marrow trephine biopsies of multiple myeloma ... Automated digital enumeration of plasma cells in bone marrow trephine biopsies of multiple myeloma ...
Alive but confused: heterogeneity of CD11c+ MHC class II+ cells in GM-CSF mouse bone marrow cultures ... Two-pronged device enables maverick immune cells to identify and kill cancers. ...
Journal Article] Protection of dopamine neurons by bone marrow stromal cells2007. *. Author(s). Shintani Am, Nakao N, et al. ... Journal Article] Protection of dopamine neurons by bone marrow stromal cells2008. *. Author(s). Shintani A, Nakao N, et al ... The present study was designed to test the neurotrophic and neuralizing activities of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) derived ... of dopamine neurons from embryonic ste m cells in the presence of the neuralizin g activity of bone marrow stromal cells ...

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