Proteins found in any species of insect.
Fibrous proteins secreted by INSECTS and SPIDERS. Generally, the term refers to silkworm fibroin secreted by the silk gland cells of SILKWORMS, Bombyx mori. Spider fibroins are called spidroins or dragline silk fibroins.
A continuous protein fiber consisting primarily of FIBROINS. It is synthesized by a variety of INSECTS and ARACHNIDS.
A genus of the family BACULOVIRIDAE, subfamily Eubaculovirinae, characterized by the formation of crystalline, polyhedral occlusion bodies in the host cell nucleus. The type species is Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus.
Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.
A serine-rich sticky protein secreted by MOTHS. Generally, the term refers to silkworm silk gum protein secreted in the middle section of silk gland cells of SILKWORMS, Bombyx mori. Sericin acts as a cement and coating for the two fibroin filaments in a silk strand and is readily soluble in mild alkaline solution.
The blood/lymphlike nutrient fluid of some invertebrates.
Hormones secreted by insects. They influence their growth and development. Also synthetic substances that act like insect hormones.
An inactive stage between the larval and adult stages in the life cycle of insects.
The functional hereditary units of INSECTS.
Glands of external secretion that release its secretions to the body's cavities, organs, or surface, through a duct.
A plant genus of the family MORACEAE that is widely planted for shade.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Periodic casting off FEATHERS; HAIR; or cuticle. Molting is a process of sloughing or desquamation, especially the shedding of an outer covering and the development of a new one. This phenomenon permits growth in ARTHROPODS, skin renewal in AMPHIBIANS and REPTILES, and the shedding of winter coats in BIRDS and MAMMALS.
Steroids that bring about MOLTING or ecdysis in insects. Ecdysteroids include the endogenous insect hormones (ECDYSONE and ECDYSTERONE) and the insect-molting hormones found in plants, the phytoecdysteroids. Phytoecdysteroids are natural insecticides.
A nutritional reservoir of fatty tissue found mainly in insects and amphibians.
Profound physical changes during maturation of living organisms from the immature forms to the adult forms, such as from TADPOLES to frogs; caterpillars to BUTTERFLIES.
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Insects of the suborder Heterocera of the order LEPIDOPTERA.
Seasonal suspension of insect growth development. It can be either induced by environmental cues (e.g., PHOTOPERIOD) or as a facultative part of the life cycle in order to time development with seasonal changes.
A BROWN ALGAE closely related to FUCUS. It is found attached to rocks and boulders on the middle shore, primarily in the North Atlantic basin.
Compounds, either natural or synthetic, which block development of the growing insect.
The genetic complement of an insect (INSECTS) as represented in its DNA.
A large order of insects comprising the butterflies and moths.
An enzyme that activates alanine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.7.
Family of INSECT VIRUSES containing two subfamilies: Eubaculovirinae (occluded baculoviruses) and Nudibaculovirinae (nonoccluded baculoviruses). The Eubaculovirinae, which contain polyhedron-shaped inclusion bodies, have two genera: NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS and GRANULOVIRUS. Baculovirus vectors are used for expression of foreign genes in insects.
A steroid hormone that regulates the processes of MOLTING or ecdysis in insects. Ecdysterone is the 20-hydroxylated ECDYSONE.
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
An enzyme that activates glycine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.14.
Usually high-molecular-weight, straight-chain primary alcohols, but can also range from as few as 4 carbons, derived from natural fats and oils, including lauryl, stearyl, oleyl, and linoleyl alcohols. They are used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, detergents, plastics, and lube oils and in textile manufacture. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
A genus of PARVOVIRIDAE, subfamily DENSOVIRINAE, comprising helper-independent viruses containing only two species. Junonia coenia densovirus is the type species.
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.
The mulberry plant family of the order Urticales, subclass Hamamelidae, class Magnoliopsida. They have milky latex and small, petalless male or female flowers.
Pheromones that elicit sexual attraction or mating behavior usually in members of the opposite sex in the same species.
A suspension of metallic gold particles.
A species of gram-positive bacteria which may be pathogenic for certain insects. It is used for the biological control of the Gypsy moth.
Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiological responses from other organisms of the same species. Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact.
Single-stranded complementary DNA synthesized from an RNA template by the action of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. cDNA (i.e., complementary DNA, not circular DNA, not C-DNA) is used in a variety of molecular cloning experiments as well as serving as a specific hybridization probe.
Peptides released by NEURONS as intercellular messengers. Many neuropeptides are also hormones released by non-neuronal cells.
A device that substitutes for a heart valve. It may be composed of biological material (BIOPROSTHESIS) and/or synthetic material.
Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having two carbon-carbon double bonds.
Viruses infecting insects, the largest family being BACULOVIRIDAE.
The class Insecta, in the phylum ARTHROPODA, whose members are characterized by division into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They are the dominant group of animals on earth; several hundred thousand different kinds having been described. Three orders, HEMIPTERA; DIPTERA; and SIPHONAPTERA; are of medical interest in that they cause disease in humans and animals. (From Borror et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p1)
Proteins from BACTERIA and FUNGI that are soluble enough to be secreted to target ERYTHROCYTES and insert into the membrane to form beta-barrel pores. Biosynthesis may be regulated by HEMOLYSIN FACTORS.
Structures within the CELL NUCLEUS of insect cells containing DNA.
Partial cDNA (DNA, COMPLEMENTARY) sequences that are unique to the cDNAs from which they were derived.
A steroid hormone that regulates the processes of MOLTING or ecdysis in insects.
A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.
The species Orcinus orca, in the family Delphinidae, characterized by its black and white coloration, and huge triangular dorsal fin. It is the largest member of the DOLPHINS and derives its name from the fact that it is a fearsome predator.
Zinc-binding metalloproteases that are members of the type II integral membrane metalloproteases. They are expressed by GRANULOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and their precursors as well as by various non-hematopoietic cells. They release an N-terminal amino acid from a peptide, amide or arylamide.
Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.
DNA constructs that are composed of, at least, a REPLICATION ORIGIN, for successful replication, propagation to and maintenance as an extra chromosome in bacteria. In addition, they can carry large amounts (about 200 kilobases) of other sequence for a variety of bioengineering purposes.
Any blood or formed element especially in invertebrates.
Viral proteins that are components of the mature assembled VIRUS PARTICLES. They may include nucleocapsid core proteins (gag proteins), enzymes packaged within the virus particle (pol proteins), and membrane components (env proteins). These do not include the proteins encoded in the VIRAL GENOME that are produced in infected cells but which are not packaged in the mature virus particle,i.e. the so called non-structural proteins (VIRAL NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS).
A genus of small beetles of the family Tenebrionidae; T. confusum is the "confused flour beetle".
A group of organs stretching from the MOUTH to the ANUS, serving to breakdown foods, assimilate nutrients, and eliminate waste. In humans, the digestive system includes the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT and the accessory glands (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).
The outermost extra-embryonic membrane surrounding the developing embryo. In REPTILES and BIRDS, it adheres to the shell and allows exchange of gases between the egg and its environment. In MAMMALS, the chorion evolves into the fetal contribution of the PLACENTA.
The use of genetic methodologies to improve functional capacities of an organism rather than to treat disease.
Five-carbon furanose sugars in which the OXYGEN is replaced by a NITROGEN atom.
Specialized organs adapted for the reception of stimuli by the NERVOUS SYSTEM.
A mature haploid female germ cell extruded from the OVARY at OVULATION.
Proteins which are found in eggs (OVA) from any species.
A type of MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING that uses only one nuclear spin excitation per image and therefore can obtain images in a fraction of a second rather than the minutes required in traditional MRI techniques. It is used in a variety of medical and scientific applications.
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.
Chemicals necessary to perform experimental and/or investigative procedures and for the preparation of drugs and other chemicals.
An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between catechol and oxygen to yield benzoquinone and water. It is a complex of copper-containing proteins that acts also on a variety of substituted catechols. EC 1.10.3.1.
Paired or fused ganglion-like bodies in the head of insects. The bodies secrete hormones important in the regulation of metamorphosis and the development of some adult tissues.
Proteins found in any species of virus.
A method which uses specific precipitation reactions to separate or collect substances from a solution.
A genus of owlet moths of the family Noctuidae. These insects are used in molecular biology studies during all stages of their life cycle.
Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.
The homologous chromosomes that are dissimilar in the heterogametic sex. There are the X CHROMOSOME, the Y CHROMOSOME, and the W, Z chromosomes (in animals in which the female is the heterogametic sex (the silkworm moth Bombyx mori, for example)). In such cases the W chromosome is the female-determining and the male is ZZ. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
A family of unenveloped RNA viruses with cubic symmetry. The twelve genera include ORTHOREOVIRUS; ORBIVIRUS; COLTIVIRUS; ROTAVIRUS; Aquareovirus, Cypovirus, Phytoreovirus, Fijivirus, Seadornavirus, Idnoreovirus, Mycoreovirus, and Oryzavirus.
A family of icosahedral, non-enveloped, RNA plant viruses comprised of three genera: TYMOVIRUS, Marafivirus and Maculavirus.
A large collection of DNA fragments cloned (CLONING, MOLECULAR) from a given organism, tissue, organ, or cell type. It may contain complete genomic sequences (GENOMIC LIBRARY) or complementary DNA sequences, the latter being formed from messenger RNA and lacking intron sequences.
Positively-charged atomic nuclei that have been stripped of their electrons. These particles have one or more units of electric charge and a mass exceeding that of the Helium-4 nucleus (alpha particle).
The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.
The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.
The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.
Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults.
Paired sense organs connected to the anterior segments of ARTHROPODS that help them navigate through the environment.
A plant genus of the family Plantaginaceae. Members contain bacopaside, bacopasaponins and other dammarane type jujubogenins.
A genus of sphinx or hawk moths of the family Sphingidae. These insects are used in molecular biology studies during all stages of their life cycle.
Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
A hexosiminidase that specifically hydrolyzes terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminides.
Chairs mounted on wheels and designed to be propelled by the occupant.
ANIMALS whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING, or their offspring.
The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.
A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.
An area showing altered staining behavior in the nucleus or cytoplasm of a virus-infected cell. Some inclusion bodies represent "virus factories" in which viral nucleic acid or protein is being synthesized; others are merely artifacts of fixation and staining. One example, Negri bodies, are found in the cytoplasm or processes of nerve cells in animals that have died from rabies.
Technique that utilizes low-stringency polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with single primers of arbitrary sequence to generate strain-specific arrays of anonymous DNA fragments. RAPD technique may be used to determine taxonomic identity, assess kinship relationships, analyze mixed genome samples, and create specific probes.
Proteins, usually projecting from the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons, that specifically bind odorant molecules and trigger responses in the neurons. The large number of different odorant receptors appears to arise from several gene families or subfamilies rather than from DNA rearrangement.
Cell line derived from SF21 CELLS which are a cell line isolated from primary explants of SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA pupal tissue.
A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.
A sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide or of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is similar across multiple species. A known set of conserved sequences is represented by a CONSENSUS SEQUENCE. AMINO ACID MOTIFS are often composed of conserved sequences.
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.
The small RNA molecules, 73-80 nucleotides long, that function during translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) to align AMINO ACIDS at the RIBOSOMES in a sequence determined by the mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). There are about 30 different transfer RNAs. Each recognizes a specific CODON set on the mRNA through its own ANTICODON and as aminoacyl tRNAs (RNA, TRANSFER, AMINO ACYL), each carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome to add to the elongating peptide chains.
Pyrazolopyrimidine ribonucleosides isolated from Nocardia interforma. They are antineoplastic antibiotics with cytostatic properties.
Proteins that originate from insect species belonging to the genus DROSOPHILA. The proteins from the most intensely studied species of Drosophila, DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER, are the subject of much interest in the area of MORPHOGENESIS and development.
The continuous sequence of changes undergone by living organisms during the post-embryonic developmental process, such as metamorphosis in insects and amphibians. This includes the developmental stages of apicomplexans such as the malarial parasite, PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM.
A family of transcription factors characterized by the presence of a bipartite DNA-binding domain known as the POU domain. The POU domain contains two subdomains, a POU-specific domain and a POU-homeodomain. The POU domain was originally identified as a region of approximately 150 amino acids shared between the Pit-1, Oct-1, Oct-2, and Unc-86 transcription factors.
DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.
Slender tubular or hairlike excretory structures found in insects. They emerge from the alimentary canal between the mesenteron (midgut) and the proctodeum (hindgut).
A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.
The developmental entity of a fertilized egg (ZYGOTE) in animal species other than MAMMALS. For chickens, use CHICK EMBRYO.
Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.
Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.
Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.
Coloration or discoloration of a part by a pigment.
Sequences of DNA in the genes that are located between the EXONS. They are transcribed along with the exons but are removed from the primary gene transcript by RNA SPLICING to leave mature RNA. Some introns code for separate genes.
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.
DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.
An order of the class Insecta. Wings, when present, number two and distinguish Diptera from other so-called flies, while the halteres, or reduced hindwings, separate Diptera from other insects with one pair of wings. The order includes the families Calliphoridae, Oestridae, Phoridae, SARCOPHAGIDAE, Scatophagidae, Sciaridae, SIMULIIDAE, Tabanidae, Therevidae, Trypetidae, CERATOPOGONIDAE; CHIRONOMIDAE; CULICIDAE; DROSOPHILIDAE; GLOSSINIDAE; MUSCIDAE; TEPHRITIDAE; and PSYCHODIDAE. The larval form of Diptera species are called maggots (see LARVA).
Small cationic peptides that are an important component, in most species, of early innate and induced defenses against invading microbes. In animals they are found on mucosal surfaces, within phagocytic granules, and on the surface of the body. They are also found in insects and plants. Among others, this group includes the DEFENSINS, protegrins, tachyplesins, and thionins. They displace DIVALENT CATIONS from phosphate groups of MEMBRANE LIPIDS leading to disruption of the membrane.
Insoluble polymers of TYROSINE derivatives found in and causing darkness in skin (SKIN PIGMENTATION), hair, and feathers providing protection against SUNBURN induced by SUNLIGHT. CAROTENES contribute yellow and red coloration.
A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.
The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES.
A plant genus of the family ASCLEPIADACEAE. This is the true milkweed; APOCYNUM & EUPHORBIA hirta are rarely called milkweed. Asclepias asthmatica has been changed to TYLOPHORA.
Arthropods of the class ARACHNIDA, order Araneae. Except for mites and ticks, spiders constitute the largest order of arachnids, with approximately 37,000 species having been described. The majority of spiders are harmless, although some species can be regarded as moderately harmful since their bites can lead to quite severe local symptoms. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, p508; Smith, Insects and Other Arthropods of Medical Importance, 1973, pp424-430)
A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.
Ductless glands that secrete HORMONES directly into the BLOOD CIRCULATION. These hormones influence the METABOLISM and other functions of cells in the body.
Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests.
An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor with antiviral action. Derivatives of deoxynojirimycin may have anti-HIV activity.
Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).
Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.
Slender-bodies diurnal insects having large, broad wings often strikingly colored and patterned.
Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.
Fushi tarazu transcription factors were originally identified in DROSOPHILA. They are found throughout ARTHROPODS and play important roles in segmentation and CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM development.
High energy POSITRONS or ELECTRONS ejected from a disintegrating atomic nucleus.
The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.
Glands that secrete SALIVA in the MOUTH. There are three pairs of salivary glands (PAROTID GLAND; SUBLINGUAL GLAND; SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND).
Genes that encode highly conserved TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that control positional identity of cells (BODY PATTERNING) and MORPHOGENESIS throughout development. Their sequences contain a 180 nucleotide sequence designated the homeobox, so called because mutations of these genes often results in homeotic transformations, in which one body structure replaces another. The proteins encoded by homeobox genes are called HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS.
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses.
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Proteins found usually in the cytoplasm or nucleus that specifically bind steroid hormones and trigger changes influencing the behavior of cells. The steroid receptor-steroid hormone complex regulates the transcription of specific genes.
Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.
Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., GENETIC ENGINEERING) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include TRANSFECTION and CLONING technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction.
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Protein analogs and derivatives of the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein that emit light (FLUORESCENCE) when excited with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS. They are used in REPORTER GENES in doing GENETIC TECHNIQUES. Numerous mutants have been made to emit other colors or be sensitive to pH.
The detection of RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS by selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments derived from genomic DNA followed by electrophoretic analysis of the amplified restriction fragments.
The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.
Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
The relative amounts of the PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in a nucleic acid.
The presence of two or more genetic loci on the same chromosome. Extensions of this original definition refer to the similarity in content and organization between chromosomes, of different species for example.
The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.
The dose amount of poisonous or toxic substance or dose of ionizing radiation required to kill 50% of the tested population.
Insect members of the superfamily Apoidea, found almost everywhere, particularly on flowers. About 3500 species occur in North America. They differ from most WASPS in that their young are fed honey and pollen rather than animal food.
Serine proteinase inhibitors which inhibit trypsin. They may be endogenous or exogenous compounds.
Databases devoted to knowledge about specific genes and gene products.
Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.
The systematic study of the complete DNA sequences (GENOME) of organisms.
Techniques to alter a gene sequence that result in an inactivated gene, or one in which the expression can be inactivated at a chosen time during development to study the loss of function of a gene.
A subclass of enzymes that aminoacylate AMINO ACID-SPECIFIC TRANSFER RNA with their corresponding AMINO ACIDS.
The production of offspring by selective mating or HYBRIDIZATION, GENETIC in animals or plants.
Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.
An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between L-tyrosine, L-dopa, and oxygen to yield L-dopa, dopaquinone, and water. It is a copper protein that acts also on catechols, catalyzing some of the same reactions as CATECHOL OXIDASE. EC 1.14.18.1.
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.
Agents that induce various degrees of analgesia; depression of consciousness, circulation, and respiration; relaxation of skeletal muscle; reduction of reflex activity; and amnesia. There are two types of general anesthetics, inhalation and intravenous. With either type, the arterial concentration of drug required to induce anesthesia varies with the condition of the patient, the desired depth of anesthesia, and the concomitant use of other drugs. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p.173)
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.
Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.
Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the internal bonds and thereby the formation of polynucleotides or oligonucleotides from ribo- or deoxyribonucleotide chains. EC 3.1.-.
A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.
Neurons in the OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM with proteins (RECEPTORS, ODORANT) that bind, and thus detect, odorants. These neurons send their DENDRITES to the surface of the epithelium with the odorant receptors residing in the apical non-motile cilia. Their unmyelinated AXONS synapse in the OLFACTORY BULB of the BRAIN.
A process whereby multiple RNA transcripts are generated from a single gene. Alternative splicing involves the splicing together of other possible sets of EXONS during the processing of some, but not all, transcripts of the gene. Thus a particular exon may be connected to any one of several alternative exons to form a mature RNA. The alternative forms of mature MESSENGER RNA produce PROTEIN ISOFORMS in which one part of the isoforms is common while the other parts are different.
The co-inheritance of two or more non-allelic GENES due to their being located more or less closely on the same CHROMOSOME.
Not an aneurysm but a well-defined collection of blood and CONNECTIVE TISSUE outside the wall of a blood vessel or the heart. It is the containment of a ruptured blood vessel or heart, such as sealing a rupture of the left ventricle. False aneurysm is formed by organized THROMBUS and HEMATOMA in surrounding tissue.
Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen.
The process of germ cell development in the female from the primordial germ cells through OOGONIA to the mature haploid ova (OVUM).
Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle.
In a prokaryotic cell or in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, a structure consisting of or containing DNA which carries the genetic information essential to the cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
The art and science of designing buildings and structures. More generally, it is the design of the total built environment, including town planning, urban design, and landscape architecture.
The parts of a transcript of a split GENE remaining after the INTRONS are removed. They are spliced together to become a MESSENGER RNA or other functional RNA.
Species- or subspecies-specific DNA (including COMPLEMENTARY DNA; conserved genes, whole chromosomes, or whole genomes) used in hybridization studies in order to identify microorganisms, to measure DNA-DNA homologies, to group subspecies, etc. The DNA probe hybridizes with a specific mRNA, if present. Conventional techniques used for testing for the hybridization product include dot blot assays, Southern blot assays, and DNA:RNA hybrid-specific antibody tests. Conventional labels for the DNA probe include the radioisotope labels 32P and 125I and the chemical label biotin. The use of DNA probes provides a specific, sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive replacement for cell culture techniques for diagnosing infections.
The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
A change from planar to elliptic polarization when an initially plane-polarized light wave traverses an optically active medium. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Method for measuring viral infectivity and multiplication in CULTURED CELLS. Clear lysed areas or plaques develop as the VIRAL PARTICLES are released from the infected cells during incubation. With some VIRUSES, the cells are killed by a cytopathic effect; with others, the infected cells are not killed but can be detected by their hemadsorptive ability. Sometimes the plaque cells contain VIRAL ANTIGENS which can be measured by IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE.
Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
NMR spectroscopy on small- to medium-size biological macromolecules. This is often used for structural investigation of proteins and nucleic acids, and often involves more than one isotope.

The biosynthesis of transfer RNA in insects. II. Isolation of transfer RNA precursors from the posterior silk gland of Bombyx mori. (1/1272)

The occurrence of precursors to tRNA in the post-polysomal fraction of the posterior silk gland of Bombyx mori was demonstrated by pulse-chase labeling and DNA-RNA hybridization competition experiments. These precursors had molecular sizes ranging from 4S to 5S on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analysis of the incorporation of the methyl group from [methyl-14C]methionine revealed that a radioactive peak on polyacrylamide gel appeared in the 4.5S region during brief labeling. This suggested that some methylation occurred at the 4.5S precursor step.  (+info)

Comparison of Bombyx mori and Helicoverpa armigera cytoplasmic actin genes provides clues to the evolution of actin genes in insects. (2/1272)

The cytoplasmic actin genes BmA3 and BmA4 of Bombyx mori were found clustered in a single genomic clone in the same orientation. As a similar clustering of the two cytoplasmic actin genes Ha3a and Ha3b also occurs in another lepidopteran, Helicoverpa armigera, we analyzed the sequence of the pair of genes from each species. Due to the high conservation of cytoplasmic actins, the coding sequence of the four genes was easily aligned, allowing the detection of similarities in noncoding exon and intron sequences as well as in flanking sequences. All four genes exhibited a conserved intron inserted in codon 117, an original position not encountered in other species. It can thus be postulated that all of these genes derived from a common ancestral gene carrying this intron after a single event of insertion. The comparison of the four genes revealed that the genes of B. mori and H. armigera are related in two different ways: the coding sequence and the intron that interrupts it are more similar between paralogous genes within each species than between orthologous genes of the two species. In contrast, the other (noncoding) regions exhibited the greatest similarity between a gene of one species and a gene of the other species, defining two pairs of orthologous genes, BmA3 and HaA3a on one hand and BmA4 and HaA3b on the other. However, in each species, the very high similarities of the coding sequence and of the single intron that interrupts it strongly suggest that gene conversion events have homogenized this part of the sequence. As the divergence of the B. mori genes was higher than that of the H. armigera genes, we postulated that the gene conversion occurred earlier in the B. mori lineage. This leads us to hypothesize that gene conversion could also be responsible for the original transfer of the common intron to the second gene copy before the divergence of the B. mori and H. armigera lineages.  (+info)

Active transport of calcium across the isolated midgut of Hyalophora cecropia. (3/1272)

1. The net flux of 45Ca from lumen to blood side across the isolated and short-circuited Cecropia midgut was 1-9 +/- 0-2 muequiv. cm-2h-1 in 8 mM Ca and the flux ratio was as high as 56 to 1. 2. The calcium influx was depressed by anoxia; 73% after 30 min. 3. The kinetics of Ca transport were anomalous; the apparent Km varied with Ca concentration from less than 0-2 to greater than 5-6 mM Ca and the apparent Vmax varied from less than 1-3 to greater than 3-3 muequiv. cm-2h-1. 4. The calcium influx showed a delay before the tracer steady state was attained, indicating the existence in the transport route of a calcium pool equivalent to 5-7 muequiv/g. wet weight of midgut tissue. 5 High calcium (16 mM) depressed the short-circuit current and potassium transport from blood to lumen side across the midgut. 6. Calcium depressed magnesium transport, from lumen to blood side across the midgut, and magnesium depressed the calcium transport. 7. Ca transport by the midgut does not regulate the Ca level in the haemolymph in vivo; it merely aids the diffusion of calcium down its electrochemical gradient. However, Ca transport may assist the uptake of the nutrients from the midgut contents.  (+info)

Prophenoloxidase-activating enzyme of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning. (4/1272)

Prophenoloxidase-activating enzyme (PPAE) was purified to homogeneity as judged by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis from larval cuticles of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The purified PPAE preparation was shown to be a mixture of the isozymes of PPAE (PPAE-I and PPAE-II), which were eluted at different retention times in reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. PPAE-I and PPAE-II seemed to be post translationally modified isozymes and/or allelic variants. Both PPAE isozymes were proteins composed of two polypeptides (heavy and light chains) that are linked by disulfide linkage(s) and glycosylated serine proteases. The results of cDNA cloning, peptide mapping, and amino acid sequencing of PPAE revealed that PPAE is synthesized as prepro-PPAE with 441 amino acid residues and is activated from pro-PPAE by cleavage of a peptide bond between Lys152 and Ile153. The homology search showed 36.9% identity of PPAE to easter, which is a serine protease involved in dorso-ventral pattern formation in the Drosophila embryo, and indicated the presence of two consecutive clip-like domains in the light chain. A single copy of the PPAE gene was suggested to be present in the silkworm genome. In the fifth instar larvae, PPAE transcripts were detected in the integument, hemocytes, and salivary glands but not in the fat body or mid gut. A polypeptide cross-reactive to mono-specific anti-PPAE/IgG was transiently detected in the extract of eggs between 1 and 3 h after they were laid.  (+info)

Gene targeting in the silkworm by use of a baculovirus. (5/1272)

The Bombyx mori fibroin light (L)-chain gene was cloned and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene inserted into exon 7. The chimeric L-chain-GFP gene was used to replace the polyhedrin gene of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcNPV). This recombinant virus was used to target the L-chain-GFP gene to the L-chain region of the silkworm genome. Female moths were infected with the recombinant virus and then mated with normal male moths. Genomic DNA from their progenies was screened for the desired targeting event. This analysis showed that the chimeric gene had integrated into the L-chain gene on the genome by homologous recombination and was stably transmitted through generations. The chimeric gene was expressed in the posterior silk gland, and the gene product was spun into the cocoon layer.  (+info)

Characterization of the 25K FP gene of the baculovirus Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus: implications for post-mortem host degradation. (6/1272)

Mutagenesis experiments on the baculovirus Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine generated five mutants with a 'few polyhedra' (FP) phenotype. Sequence analysis of the 25K gene homologue of the BmNPV FP mutants revealed nucleotide substitutions in the coding region. Rescue experiments indicated that the FP phenotype of the BmNPV mutants resulted from mutations in the 25K coding region. Effects of infection by these FP mutants were analysed following injection of the viruses into silkworm (B. mori) larvae. Compared to infection with wild-type virus, infection with each FP mutant resulted in reduced host degradation (liquefaction). The degree to which liquefaction was blocked corresponded to the degree of functional disruption of the 25K gene product and to the extent to which polyhedron production was reduced. Electron microscopy revealed that (1) polyhedron production was reduced, (2) very few virions were occluded and those that were lacked envelopes, and (3) the basal lamina of fat-body tissue was not destroyed by infection and accumulations of virions occurred along the membrane. Typical NPV-induced liquefaction was observed following infection with a polyhedrin deletion mutant, indicating that host degradation was not related to polyhedron production. These results suggest that (1) the 25K gene product is involved in the host degradation process caused by virus infection and (2) the FP phenotype is an indirect result of disruption of the 25K gene; activation or suppression of a specific host or viral gene related to tissue degradation and polyhedron formation may be involved.  (+info)

Studies on silk fibroin of Bombyx mori. I. Fractionation of fibroin prepared from the posterior silk gland. (7/1272)

1. Fractionation of fibroin prepared from the posterior silk glands of Bombyx mori was carried out. After carboxymethylation of the fibroin, it was fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-200 gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. 2. The fibroin was composed of at least two protein groups of large molecular size and three or four components of small molecular size, and, in addition, a mixture of proteins ranging in size from about 25,000 to more than 100,000 daltons with almost the same amino acid compositions. 3. The latter proteins contained about 48% glycine, 32% alanine, 11% serine, 4.5% tyrosine, 2% valine, and other minor amino acids. The sum of these main five amino acids accounts for more than 97% of the total amino acid residues of the proteins. 4. The present results indicate major heterogeneity in the molecular size of posterior silk gland fibroin, and, in addition, suggest the possibility of repeating sequences with relatively simple amino acid compositions in major peptide chains of fibroin.  (+info)

A TATA element is required for tRNA promoter activity and confers TATA-binding protein responsiveness in Drosophila Schneider-2 cells. (8/1272)

In contrast to yeast and mammalian systems, which depend principally on internal promoter elements for tRNA gene transcription, insect systems require additional upstream sequences. To understand the function of the upstream sequences, we have asked whether the Bombyx mori tRNACAla and tRNASGAla genes, which are absolutely dependent on these sequences in vitro, also require them for transcription in vivo. We introduced wild-type and mutant versions of the Bombyx tRNAAla genes into Drosophila Schneider-2 cells and found that the tRNACAla gene is efficiently transcribed and that its transcription depends strongly on the distal segment of its upstream promoter. In contrast, the tRNASGAla gene is inefficiently transcribed, and this inefficiency results from lack of a specific sequence within the distal tRNACAla upstream promoter. This sequence, 5'-TTTATAT-3', is sufficient to increase the activity of the tRNASGAla promoter to that of the tRNACAla promoter. Moreover, promoters containing the 5'-TTTATAT-3' element are stimulated by increased levels of cellular TATA-binding protein. Together these results indicate that, in insect cells, a TATA-like element is specifically required to form functional TATA-binding protein-containing complexes that promote efficient transcription of tRNA genes.  (+info)

CMV infections are more common in people with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or taking immunosuppressive drugs after an organ transplant. In these individuals, CMV can cause severe and life-threatening complications, such as pneumonia, retinitis (inflammation of the retina), and gastrointestinal disease.

In healthy individuals, CMV infections are usually mild and may not cause any symptoms at all. However, in some cases, CMV can cause a mononucleosis-like illness with fever, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes.

CMV infections are diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies such as CT scans or MRI. Treatment is generally not necessary for mild cases, but may include antiviral medications for more severe infections. Prevention strategies include avoiding close contact with individuals who have CMV, practicing good hygiene, and considering immunoprophylaxis (prevention of infection through the use of immune globulin) for high-risk individuals.

Overall, while CMV infections can be serious and life-threatening, they are relatively rare in healthy individuals and can often be treated effectively with supportive care and antiviral medications.

Example sentences for 'Aneurysm, False'

The patient was diagnosed with a false aneurysm after experiencing sudden severe pain in his leg following a fall.
The surgeon treated the false aneurysm by inserting a catheter into the affected blood vessel and using it to deliver a special coil that would seal off the dilated area.

1. Neuropathy (nerve damage): Lead, mercury, and arsenic are known to cause neuropathy, which can result in numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hands and feet.
2. Cognitive impairment: Exposure to heavy metals such as lead, mercury, and methylmercury has been linked to decreased IQ and cognitive function, memory loss, and difficulty with concentration and attention.
3. Neurodegeneration: Some heavy metals, such as aluminum, have been implicated in the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
4. Seizures: Exposure to heavy metals such as lead, mercury, and arsenic can cause seizures in some individuals.
5. Neuroinflammation: Heavy metal exposure can trigger an inflammatory response in the nervous system, leading to neuroinflammation and further damage to nerve cells.
6. Oxidative stress: Heavy metals can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can damage cellular components and contribute to oxidative stress.
7. Neurotransmitter dysfunction: Exposure to heavy metals can disrupt the normal functioning of neurotransmitters, leading to changes in mood, behavior, and cognitive function.
8. Motor neuron damage: Some heavy metals, such as lead and mercury, have been shown to damage motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and wasting.
9. Developmental neurotoxicity: Prenatal and early childhood exposure to heavy metals can have long-lasting effects on brain development and has been linked to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD, autism, and learning disabilities.

It's important to note that the effects of heavy metal poisoning on the nervous system can be subtle and may not be immediately apparent. Chronic exposure to low levels of heavy metals can accumulate over time and lead to significant neurological damage. If you suspect that you or someone you know has been exposed to heavy metals, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

1847 Bombyx incomposita van Eecke, 1929 Bombyx lemeepauli Lemée, 1950 Bombyx mandarina (Moore, 1872) - wild silk moth Bombyx ... Wikispecies has information related to Bombyx. Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (November 5, 2004). "Bombyx Linnaeus, 1758". ... Bombyx hybrid, a hybrid between a male B. mandarina and a female B. mori Bombyx second hybrid, a hybrid between a male B. mori ... Bombyx is the genus of true silk moths or mulberry silk moths of the family Bombycidae, also known as silkworms, which are the ...
... is a moth of the family Bombycidae. It is found in Taiwan. gaga.biodiv.tw Wikispecies has information related ... to Bombyx rotundapex. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with ' ...
... is a species of Bombycidae in the genus Bombyx. It was described by Albert Marie Victor Lemée in 1950. It is ... "Taxonomy Browser: Bombyx lemeepauli". Barcode of Life Data System. Retrieved November 6, 2018. "Taxonomy Browser: Bombyx ... Wikispecies has information related to Bombyx lemeepauli. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is ...
The Bombyx hybrid is a hybrid between a male Bombyx mandarina moth and a female Bombyx mori moth. They produce larvae called ... Because Bombyx mori males lost their ability to fly, their females are much more likely to mate with a male Bombyx mandarina. ... Bombyx second hybrid Yu, Hong-Song; Shen, Yi-Hong; Yuan, Gang-Xiang; Hu, Yong-Gang; Xu, Hong-En; Xiang, Zhong-Huai; Zhang, Ze ( ... Since Bombyx hybrids are much more common than the other variation, more is known about them. B. mori is a domesticated version ...
2003). "Bombyx horsfieldi". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Natural History Museum. Retrieved April 27, 2018. "Bombyx ... Bombyx horsfieldi is a moth in the family Bombycidae. It was described by Frederic Moore in 1860. It is found in Taiwan. ...
... and the domesticated Bombyx mori constitute two of the currently identified eight species of the genus Bombyx ... Bombyx mandarina, the wild silk moth, is an insect from the moth family Bombycidae. It is the closest relative of Bombyx mori, ... Bombyx mandarina, and its close relative, the domesticated silkmoth, Bombyx mori". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 19 (8): ... Bombyx mori from Chinese Bombyx mandarina and paternal inheritance of Antheraea proylei mitochondrial DNA". Molecular ...
... is a moth in the family Bombycidae. It was described by Kyu-Tek Park and Jae-Cheon Sohn in 2002. It is found in ... Description of Bombyx shini sp. nov. (Lepidoptera, Bombycidae) from Korea. Tinea 17(2): 67-69 "Jay Sohn , University of ...
The domestic silk moth (Bombyx mori), is an insect from the moth family Bombycidae. It is the closest relative of Bombyx ... Bombyx mori from Chinese Bombyx mandarina and paternal inheritance of Antheraea proylei mitochondrial DNA" (PDF). Molecular ... Bombyx mori females are also one of the few organisms with homologous chromosomes held together only by the synaptonemal ... The domestic silk moth was domesticated from the wild silk moth Bombyx mandarina, which has a range from northern India to ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bombyx huttoni. Wikispecies has information related to Bombyx huttoni. Westwood, J. O ( ... Bombyx huttoni, or the chocolate-tipped silk moth, is a moth belonging to the silk moth family, Bombycidae. It is closely ... Bombyx huttoni in "UniProt: a worldwide hub of protein knowledge", Nucleic Acids Res. 47: D506-515 (2019) at [www.uniprot.org ... The eggs are similar to those of Bombyx mori but a pale-straw yellow in colour. The caterpillar has black, brown and yellow ...
... is a moth in the family Bombycidae. It was described by van Eecke in 1929. It is found on Sumatra, ... 2003). "Bombyx incomposita". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Natural History Museum. Retrieved April 27, 2018. The Moths of ...
The Bombyx second hybrid is a cross between a male Bombyx mori moth and a female Bombyx mandarina moth. Since the male Bombyx ... They produce larvae called silkworms, like all species in Bombyx, except they are brownish in the first half and grayish at the ...
Fabricius, Johan Christian (1793). "Bombyx". Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Vol. 3. Part 1. Copenhagen: C. G. Proft ...
"Big Lazy". Bombyx. Retrieved 2022-11-28. Auerbach, Kari. "Big Lazy , Music for Unsettling Times". Kosmos Journal. Retrieved ...
Xu J, Dong Q, Yu Y, Niu B, Ji D, Li M, Huang Y, Chen X, Tan A (August 2018). "Bombyx mori". Proceedings of the National Academy ... Silkworm, the larvae stage of Bombyx mori, is an economically important insect in sericulture. Scientists are developing ... Xu H, O'Brochta DA (July 2015). "Advanced technologies for genetically manipulating the silkworm Bombyx mori, a model ...
Xu J, Dong Q, Yu Y, Niu B, Ji D, Li M, Huang Y, Chen X, Tan A (August 2018). "Bombyx mori". Proceedings of the National Academy ... Silkworm, the larvae stage of Bombyx mori, is an economically important insect in sericulture. Scientists are developing ... Xu H, O'Brochta DA (July 2015). "Advanced technologies for genetically manipulating the silkworm Bombyx mori, a model ...
Bombyx Mori (2011). GOLDFISH (2013). The cunning little vixen, an opera by Leoš Janáček at the Bergen National Opera, Norway ( ... 2002 What Good Would the moon be 2004 Armide 2003 Shaker 2006 Armide 2006 Rushes 2007 Hydra 2007 Trout 2008 Toros 2010 Bombyx ...
Bombyx in Merriam Webster. P.C.-Rougeot, P. Viette (1978). Guide des papillons nocturnes d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord. ...
RNAi has varying effects in different species of Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths). Drosophila spp., Bombyx mori, Locusta spp ...
Bombyx in Merriam Webster. Aristotle, hist.an. 5,19. 551b 13ff. Pliny the Elder, Naturalis historia 11, 26. (Articles with ...
ISBN 0-7817-5056-3. Harano T (1972). "New diaphorases from Bombyx silkworm eggs. NADH/NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity ...
This has been demonstrated in Bombyx mori. In silkworms, there is good evidence that fertile sperm are unable to fertilise if ...
... s from Bombyx mori, a kind of cultivated silkworm, are the most widely investigated silks. Silks derived from Bombyx mori ... The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity ( ... Silk fibers from the Bombyx mori silkworm have a triangular cross section with rounded corners, 5-10 μm wide. The fibroin-heavy ... "Fine organization of Bombyx mori fibroin heavy chain gene". Nucleic Acids Research. 28 (12): 2413-2419. doi:10.1093/nar/28.12. ...
Bombyx mori". DNA Research. 11 (1): 27-35. doi:10.1093/dnares/11.1.27. PMID 15141943. Cong Q, Shen J, Borek D, Robbins RK, ... Bombyx mori Strain:p50T, moth (domestic silk worm) (2004) Calycopis cecrops, Red-Banded Groundstreak (2016) Calycopis isobeon, ...
120 strains of Bombyx mori. The institution owns a mulberry field, also used for experiments, that provides the leaves ... necessary for the rearing and breeding of the various Bombyx strains. Mario Tirelli (Articles lacking sources from December ...
Tanaka, Yoshimaro (30 April 1913). "Gametic coupling and repulsion in silkworm, Bombyx Mori". The Journal of the College of ...
The most notable of these is the silkworm, the larva of the domesticated moth Bombyx mori. It is farmed for the silk with which ... Not all silk is produced by Bombyx mori. There are several species of Saturniidae that also are farmed for their silk, such as ... Bombyx mori), for its silk Wax moths (Galleria mellonella, Achroia grisella), pests of bee hives Duponchelia fovealis, a new ...
Linnaeus first described Phalaena bombyx fascelina in 1758. Arthur Gardiner Butler first created the genus Dicallomera in 1881 ...
"Identification and characteristics of microRNAs from Bombyx mori". BMC Genomics. 9: 248. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-9-248. PMC ...
Bombyx mori) through Varroa destructor mite infestations. The virus causes paralysis in the front two pairs of legs of adult ...
Tsusué M (April 1971). "Studies on sepiapterin deaminase from the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Purification and some properties of ...
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. ...
The complete sequence of mag, a new retrotransposon in Bombyx mori J J Michaille 1 , S Mathavan, J Gaillard, A Garel ... The complete sequence of mag, a new retrotransposon in Bombyx mori J J Michaille et al. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990. . ... Evidence for a relationship between the Bombyx mori middle repetitive Bm1 sequence family and U1 snRNA. Herrera RJ, Wang J. ... Structural features of mag, a gypsy-like retrotransposon of Bombyx mori, with unusual short terminal repeats. Garel A, Nony P, ...
Bombyx silk is commonly referred to as "Cultivated" or "Mulberry" silk. These caterpillars are fed exclusively mulberry leaves. ... Sea Grass , Bombyx Color Harmonies. Rating Required Select Rating. 1 star (worst). 2 stars. 3 stars (average). 4 stars. 5 stars ...
Re-imagining discovery and access to research: grants, datasets, publications, citations, clinical trials, patents and policy documents in one place.
Triplicate Alternative Splicings that Ptoduce Multiple Variants of the PERIOD Protein in the Silk Moth Bombyx mori by Deletion/ ... Triplicate Alternative Splicings that Ptoduce Multiple Variants of the PERIOD Protein in the Silk Moth Bombyx mori by Deletion/ ...
... for Bmb000323 from Bombyx mori . Plus protein sequence and external database links. ...
Start Over You searched for: Subjects Bombyx -- microbiology ✖Remove constraint Subjects: Bombyx -- microbiology ...
Ensembl Metazoa is a genome-centric portal for metazoan species of scientific interest
... and shop Matagot/Bombyx toys and discover why countless families put their trust in Maziply Toys. Choose to ship or pickup in- ...
Now she joins us at BOMBYX for a night of incredible music sure to leave you feeling filled with joy. Come and dance the night ... Copyright © 2023 BOMBYX Center for Arts & Equity. All Rights Reserved. Developed by LAUDABLE PRODUCTIONS ...
Designed by Tomaso Cimini. LED, 3000K, Floor-Standing
Growth promoting effect of black gram and ground nut seed powder on Bombyx mori. Author: K. Chairman, A.J.A. Ranjit Singh C. ... The results of the present study recommend supplementation of black gram and ground nut with mulberry leaf for feeding Bombyx ...
Adresa: Vukovarska ulica 150, 21000 Split ...
Grande sélection pour lachat + des événements du mardi au dimanche ...
Facebook is working on the first-ever transatlantic, 24-fiber-pair subsea cable system that will connect Europe and the United States with a capacity of half a…. ...
Bombyx Ltd is registered in England and Wales under the company registration number: 11072039. ...
Postaja DIVA je fizični in spletni arhiv video in novomedijske umetnosti, ki ga razvijamo od leta 2005. Postaja DIVA temelji na zbiranju video materialov v okviru razširjenega pojma nacionalnega konteksta in vključuje umetnice in umetnike, ki delujejo v slovenskem in/ali mednarodnem prostoru.
Silkworm Pupae Oil - Bombyx Mori. Silkworm pupae oil is extracted from the larva of the bombyx mori moth using a cold press ... Edible Silkworm Pupae (Bombyx Mori), seasoned and ready-to-eat.. Silkworms have an awful lot going for them. Not only are they ... Nutritional content of Silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) per 100g sample. Protein 55g. Fat 8.5g. Fiber 6g. Carbohydrates 25.43g. ... Silkworm Pupae Chilli Oil - Bombyx Mori. Silkworm Chilli Oil is made by infusing dried chillis, ginger, kaffir lime leaf and ...
Tixr has the best prices for Willi Carlisle Tickets at BOMBYX Center for Arts & Equity in Northampton by DSP Shows. ...
Bombyx mori ß-1,3-Glucan Recognition Protein 4 (BmßGRP4) Could Inhibit the Proliferation of B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus ... In this study, we identified a Bombyx mori ß-1,3-glucan recognition protein gene named BmßGRP4, which showed differential ... i,Bombyx mori ß-1,3-Glucan Recognition Protein 4,/i, (,i,BmßGRP4,/i,) Could Inhibit the P ...
BOMBYX Jurtalitun / Eco Dyeing Silkislæða / Silk scarf. Sale price Price 19.900 kr Regular price Unit price / per ...
SILK WORM (bombyx mori) solution. HAMSTER EPITHELIA (mesocricetus auratus) solution. HOG EPITHELIA (sus scrofa) solution. ...
Silkworm Pupae (Bombyx Mori). Silkworms have an awful lot going for them. Not only are they used to make sumptuous Thai silk ... Dehydrated Silkworms (Bombyx Mori) - 500g. Silkworms have an awful lot going for them. Not only are they used to make sumptuous ... The nutritional content of Silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) per 100g dried sample ...
20/2 Bombyx Silk - Ariels Voice. US$39.79. 100% bombyx silk. Spun in Switzerland, hand dyed here on Salt Spring Island. 20/2 ... Home / Yarns / Silk / Hand Dyed 20/2 Bombyx Silk / 20/2 Bombyx Silk - Ariels Voice. ... 100% bombyx silk. Spun in Switzerland, hand dyed here on Salt Spring Island. 20/2 is available in 100 g skeins with 1,100 yds/ ...
Dive into the research topics of In vivo and in vitro interactions of the Bombyx mori chymotrypsin inhibitor b1 with ... In vivo and in vitro interactions of the Bombyx mori chymotrypsin inhibitor b1 with Escherichia coli. ...
The Cell Signaling collection cover both intra- and intercellular communication. Over 375 mAbs are available
SILK WORM (bombyx mori) solution. HAMSTER EPITHELIA (mesocricetus auratus) solution. HOG EPITHELIA (sus scrofa) solution. ...
Kumar VS, Santhi M, Krishnan M. RH-5992--an ecdysone agonist on model system of the silkworm Bombyx mori. Indian Journal of ... RH-5992--an ecdysone agonist on model system of the silkworm Bombyx mori. ... Bombyx mori. The LD50 values were found to be 16.21 and 12.01 micrograms/larva for 72 and 96 hr respectively. In the present ...
You will receive hand dyed cultivated bombyx silk in the color grey lilac. This fiber is excellent to incorporate into nuno ... Hand Dyed Cultivated Bombyx Silk Fiber for Spinning or Felting in Grey Lilac - Shiny Hand Dyed Silk Top. No reviews ... You will receive hand dyed cultivated bombyx silk in the color grey lilac. This fiber is excellent to incorporate into nuno ...
  • The effect of ecdysone agonist RH-5992 on larval period, larval weight, silk gland weight and haemolymph protein profile were examined in the model organism, the larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori. (who.int)
  • The recombinant protein, purified by affinity chromatography, showed both exo- and endo-chitinase activities and produced perforations on the peritrophic membrane (PM) of Bombyx mori larvae which increased in number and in size, in a dose-dependent manner. (unimi.it)
  • AcMNPV Chi A protein disrupts the peritrophic membrane and alters midgut physiology of Bombyx mori larvae / R. Rao, L. Fiandra, B. Giordana, M. de Eguileor, T. Congiu, N. Burlini, S. Arciello, G. Corrado, F. Pennacchio. (unimi.it)
  • Expression of foreign genes in Bombyx mori larvae using baculovirus vectors. (nih.gov)
  • Edible Silkworm Pupae (Bombyx Mori), seasoned and ready-to-eat. (bizarrefood.com)
  • Silkworm pupae oil is extracted from the larva of the bombyx mori moth using a cold press process. (bizarrefood.com)
  • Bombyx silk is commonly referred to as "Cultivated" or "Mulberry" silk. (outbackfibers.com)
  • 100% bombyx silk. (janestaffordtextiles.com)
  • HONG KONG -July 18, 2019 - Bombyx, a China-based organic silk manufacturer, has announced a larger than expected silk cocoon harvest as a result of its commitment to regenerative agriculture technology. (textileworldasia.com)
  • Founded in 2017 by PFGHL Group, Bombyx creates environmentally conscious textiles through historically sustainable and responsible practices. (textileworldasia.com)
  • Dehydrated Silkworms (Bombyx Mori) 500g Silkworms have an awful lot going for them. (bizarrefood.com)
  • The results of the present study recommend supplementation of black gram and ground nut with mulberry leaf for feeding Bombyx mori. (journalcra.com)
  • In order to produce the highest quality cocoon for their customers, Bombyx uses organic fertilizer, releasing fewer carbon emissions and restoring the vitality of the soil, allowing farmers to resume the planting of mulberry trees and prepare for the next harvest quicker and more efficiently. (textileworldasia.com)
  • The family contains a single species, Bombyx mori from the Greek for silkworm + mulberry tree (on which it feeds). (nih.gov)
  • Bombyx mori ß-1,3-Glucan Recognition Protein 4 ( BmßGRP4 ) Could Inhibit the Proliferation of B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus through Promoting Apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this study, we identified a Bombyx mori ß-1,3- glucan recognition protein gene named BmßGRP4, which showed differential expression, from a previous transcriptome database. (bvsalud.org)
  • Identification and characterization of a serine racemase in the silkworm Bombyx mori. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the silkworm Bombyx mori , d- serine is negligible during the larval stage but increases markedly during the pupal stage, reaching 50% of the total free serine . (bvsalud.org)
  • 14. Expansion of CRISPR targeting sites in Bombyx mori. (nih.gov)
  • influenza delle radiazioni mitogenetiche sulle uovo del Bombyx mori. (nih.gov)
  • Expression of foreign genes in Bombyx mori larvae using baculovirus vectors. (nih.gov)
  • The family contains a single species, Bombyx mori from the Greek for silkworm + mulberry tree (on which it feeds). (nih.gov)