Body Temperature Regulation
Temperature
Sweating
Pyrogens
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus, Anterior
Skin morphology and its role in thermoregulation in mole-rats, Heterocephalus glaber and Cryptomys hottentotus. (1/2331)
The skin structure of 2 Bathyergid rodents, the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) and the common mole-rat (Cryptomys hottentotus) is compared, to investigate whether thermoregulatory differences may be attributed to different skin features. Histological and ultrastructural studies of the dorsal skin of these closely related species show morphological and structural similarities but differences in the degree of skin folding, thickness of the integument and dermal infrastructure were evident. The skin of the common mole-rat conforms with expected morphological/histological arrangements that are commonly found in mammalian skin. Many features of the skin of the naked mole-rat, such as the lack of an insulating layer and the loosely folded morphological arrangement contribute to poikilothermic responses to changing temperatures of this mammal. Further evidence for poikilothermy in the naked mole-rat is indicated by the presence of pigment containing cells in the dermis, rather than the epidermis, as commonly occurs in homeotherms. Lack of fur is compensated by a thicker epidermal layer and a marked reduction in sweat glands. Differences in skin morphology thus contribute substantially to the different thermoregulatory abilities of the 2 Bathyergids. The skin morphology is related to the poor thermoinsulatory ability of the animals while simultaneously facilitating heat transfer from the environment to the animal by thigmothermy and/or other behavioural means. (+info)Temperature regulation and heat dissipation during flight in birds. (2/2331)
Core and skin temperature were measured by radiotelemetry in starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) during 30 min flights in a wind tunnel. Core temperature was independent of ambient temperature from 0 to 28 degrees C. The temporal mean of the monitored core temperature during flight was 42-7 degrees C in one bird and 44-0 degrees C in another. These temperatures are 2-4 degrees C higher than the resting temperature in starlings, and are among the highest steady-state temperatures observed in any animal. Skin temperature on the breast was within a few degrees of core temperature. In some locations skin temperature was higher at low ambient temperatures than at intermediate ambient temperatures. An analysis of the data shows that a high core temperature does not function as an aid to head dissipation. On the contrary, insulation is adjusted to maintain a high temperature, presumably because it is necessary for flight. The increase in skin temperature at low ambient temperatures is believed to be a result of a decrease in heat flow through the breast feathers brought about by feather adjustments, to compensate for an unavoidable increase in heat flow in unfeathered or poorly feathered parts of the body. (+info)Modulation of the thermoregulatory sweating response to mild hyperthermia during activation of the muscle metaboreflex in humans. (3/2331)
1. To investigate the effect of the muscle metaboreflex on the thermoregulatory sweating response in humans, eight healthy male subjects performed sustained isometric handgrip exercise in an environmental chamber (35 C and 50 % relative humidity) at 30 or 45 % maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), at the end of which the blood circulation to the forearm was occluded for 120 s. The environmental conditions were such as to produce sweating by increase in skin temperature without a marked change in oesophageal temperature. 2. During circulatory occlusion after handgrip exercise at 30 % MVC for 120 s or at 45 % MVC for 60 s, the sweating rate (SR) on the chest and forearm (hairy regions), and the mean arterial blood pressure were significantly above baseline values (P < 0.05). There were no changes from baseline values in the oesophageal temperature, mean skin temperature, or SR on the palm (hairless regions). 3. During the occlusion after handgrip exercise at 30 % MVC for 60 s and during the occlusion alone, none of the measured parameters differed from baseline values. 4. It is concluded that, under mildly hyperthermic conditions, the thermoregulatory sweating response on the hairy regions is modulated by afferent signals from muscle metaboreceptors. (+info)Reversing adipocyte differentiation: implications for treatment of obesity. (4/2331)
Conventional treatment of obesity reduces fat in mature adipocytes but leaves them with lipogenic enzymes capable of rapid resynthesis of fat, a likely factor in treatment failure. Adenovirus-induced hyperleptinemia in normal rats results in rapid nonketotic fat loss that persists after hyperleptinemia disappears, whereas pair-fed controls regain their weight in 2 weeks. We report here that the hyperleptinemia depletes adipocyte fat while profoundly down-regulating lipogenic enzymes and their transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma in epididymal fat; enzymes of fatty acid oxidation and their transcription factor, PPARalpha, normally low in adipocytes, are up-regulated, as are uncoupling proteins 1 and 2. This transformation of adipocytes from cells that store triglycerides to fatty acid-oxidizing cells is accompanied by loss of the adipocyte markers, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein 2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and leptin, and by the appearance of the preadipocyte marker Pref-1. These findings suggest a strategy for the treatment of obesity by alteration of the adipocyte phenotype. (+info)Effects of different light intensities during the daytime on circadian rhythm of core temperature in humans. (5/2331)
The present study was to determine the effects of bright light exposure during the daytime on core temperature rhythm. Eight female students participated as subjects. They were exposed to bright light of 5000 lux or dim light of 200 lux for 13 hours (06:30-19:30) for two consecutive days. Except the sleep period (22:30-06:30) and during the bright light exposure, light intensity was controlled at 200 lux. Rectal temperature data were collected every 10 min throughout the whole experimental period. The mean level of rectal temperature was not significantly different between the bright and the dim light conditions. However, the evening fall and the morning rise of rectal temperature were significantly greater in the bright light conditions on Day 2 compared to the dim. Furthermore, cosinor analysis showed that the acrophase of rectal temperature rhythm was earlier on Day 2 in the bright light conditions than the dim, and was significantly delayed on Day 2 compared to Day 1 in the dim light conditions. These results suggest that low intensity during the daytime for two consecutive days may induce a phase delay of core temperature rhythm rather than the bright light exposure at least in normally entrained female subjects. (+info)The Parkes Lecture. Heat and the testis. (6/2331)
The evidence for the lower temperature of the testes of many mammals is summarized, and the reasons suggested for the descent of the testes into a scrotum are discussed. Descriptions are given of the various techniques used for studying the effects of heat on the testis, whole body heating, local heating of the testes (by inducing cryptorchidism, scrotal insulation or immersion of the scrotum in a water bath), and heating of tissue or cell preparations in vitro. The effects of heat are discussed, effects on the testis (weight, histology, physiology, biochemistry and endocrinology), on the numbers and motility of spermatozoa in rete testis fluid and semen, on fertilizing ability of spermatozoa and on the subsequent development of the embryos produced when spermatozoa from heated testes are used to fertilize normal ova. The possible mechanisms for the damaging effects of heat are discussed, as well as the importance of heat-induced abnormalities in male reproduction in domestic animals and humans. (+info)Fever: links with an ancient receptor. (7/2331)
Recent advances have provided evidence that prostaglandin E2 mediates the generation of fever in response to interleukin-1 or lipopolysaccharide and have reinforced the similarities of signaling downstream of these two pyrogens. (+info)Cytokines as endogenous pyrogens. (8/2331)
Cytokines are pleiotropic molecules mediating several pathologic processes. Long before the discovery of cytokines as immune system growth factors or as bone marrow stimulants, investigators learned a great deal about cytokines when they studied them as the endogenous mediators of fever. The terms "granulocytic" or "endogenous pyrogen" were used to describe substances with the biologic property of fever induction. Today, we recognize that pyrogenicity is a fundamental biologic property of several cytokines and hence the clinically recognizeable property of fever links host perturbations during disease with fundamental perturbations in cell biology. In this review, the discoveries made on endogenous pyrogens are revisited, with insights into the importance of the earlier work to the present-day understanding of cytokines in health and in disease. (+info)Body temperature regulation refers to the process by which the body maintains a stable internal temperature, typically around 98.6°F (37°C) in humans. This process involves a complex interplay between various physiological systems, including the nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system. The body uses a variety of mechanisms to regulate its temperature, including sweating, shivering, and changes in blood flow. When the body is exposed to heat, it produces sweat to cool down through evaporation. When the body is exposed to cold, it shivers to generate heat and constricts blood vessels to reduce heat loss. The hypothalamus, a small region in the brain, plays a critical role in regulating body temperature. It acts as a thermostat, constantly monitoring the body's temperature and making adjustments as needed to maintain homeostasis. Disruptions in body temperature regulation can lead to a variety of medical conditions, including fever, hypothermia, and heat stroke. Proper management of body temperature is essential for maintaining overall health and preventing complications.
Body temperature refers to the internal temperature of an organism, typically measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F). In humans, the normal body temperature is generally considered to be around 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F) when measured orally, rectally, or under the arm. Body temperature is regulated by the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat. The hypothalamus receives information about the body's internal temperature from sensors located throughout the body, and then initiates responses to either increase or decrease the body's temperature as needed to maintain homeostasis. Changes in body temperature can be caused by a variety of factors, including physical activity, environmental conditions, illness, and medication. Fever, which is an elevation of body temperature above the normal range, can be a sign of infection or other underlying medical conditions and is typically treated with medication to reduce the fever.
Hypothermia is a medical condition that occurs when the body's core temperature drops below the normal range, which is typically between 97.7°F (36.5°C) and 99.5°F (37.5°C) in healthy adults. When the body's temperature drops, the body's metabolic processes slow down, and the body's ability to function properly is compromised. Symptoms of hypothermia can include shivering, confusion, slurred speech, drowsiness, and loss of coordination. In severe cases, hypothermia can lead to unconsciousness, seizures, and even death. Hypothermia can occur in cold environments, such as during exposure to cold weather, swimming in cold water, or spending extended periods in a cold room or building. It can also occur in warm environments, such as during prolonged exposure to cold water or during certain medical procedures. Treatment for hypothermia typically involves rewarming the body by removing wet clothing, providing warm blankets, and using a heating device such as a heating pad or warm water bottle. In severe cases, hospitalization and medical intervention may be necessary.
In the medical field, "cold temperature" refers to a body temperature that is below the normal range of 98.6°F (37°C). This can be caused by a variety of factors, including exposure to cold temperatures, certain medical conditions, or the use of certain medications. A person with a cold temperature may experience symptoms such as shivering, feeling weak or fatigued, and having difficulty concentrating. In severe cases, a cold temperature can lead to hypothermia, which is a life-threatening condition characterized by a dangerously low body temperature. Medical professionals may use various methods to measure body temperature, including oral thermometers, rectal thermometers, and ear thermometers. If a person's body temperature is found to be below the normal range, they may be treated with measures to raise their body temperature, such as warm blankets or heating pads, and in severe cases, may require hospitalization for further treatment.
Fever is a medical condition characterized by an elevated body temperature above the normal range of 36.5-37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F). It is typically a response to an infection or inflammation in the body, and can also be caused by certain medications or other medical conditions. Fever is usually accompanied by other symptoms such as chills, sweating, fatigue, headache, muscle aches, and loss of appetite. While a fever can be uncomfortable, it is generally not considered a serious medical condition in itself, and can be a sign that the body is fighting off an infection. In some cases, a fever may be a sign of a more serious underlying condition, such as sepsis or meningitis. If a fever persists for more than a few days, or if it is accompanied by other severe symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention.
Circadian rhythm refers to the internal biological clock that regulates various physiological processes in the body, including sleep-wake cycles, body temperature, hormone production, and metabolism. This rhythm is controlled by a group of neurons in the hypothalamus called the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which receives input from specialized photoreceptors in the retina that detect changes in light levels. The circadian rhythm is approximately 24 hours long and is influenced by external factors such as light exposure, meal times, and physical activity. Disruptions to the circadian rhythm, such as those caused by jet lag, shift work, or chronic sleep disorders, can have negative effects on health and well-being, including increased risk of mood disorders, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes.
Disability and climate change
List of temperature sensors
T-MOS thermal sensor
Oxidosqualene cyclase
Human body temperature
Gordon Duff
Glossary of diabetes
Plesiosaur
Ichthyosaur
Operating temperature
Teleology in biology
Fish
National Outdoor Leadership School
Outline of fish
Physiological effects in space
Meningoencephalitis
Journal of Thermal Biology
Library of Congress Subject Headings
TRPV1
Skin temperature
Yawn
Alpine marmot
Skin secretions (human)
Professional Medical Film
Salmon louse
Common ostrich
Median preoptic nucleus
Hummingbird
Optic nerve hypoplasia
Bell's mania
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Rises3
- When body temperature rises (or falls), receptors in the skin and the hypothalamus sense a change, triggering a command from the brain. (dadamo.com)
- Once the body temperature rises to a certain level, sweat glands are activated which then pour out onto the surface of the skin where it evaporates, causing the skin and internal core to cool. (repechage.com)
- If the consistent global temperature rises by one degree, an additional 320 million cases will occur. (nationofchange.org)
Core body temper2
- This leads to an increased core body temperature, dehydration and discomfort. (canyon.com)
- This can lead to a rise in core body temperature and heat stress. (dupont.com)
Regulate body temperature1
- This may happen because of certain medicines they take or chronic illnesses that affect their ability to regulate body temperature. (cdc.gov)
Homeostasis4
- Homeostasis is the property of an open system, especially living organisms, to regulate its internal environment to maintain a stable, constant condition, by means of multiple dynamic equilibrium adjustments, controlled by interrelated regulation mechanisms. (dadamo.com)
- Complex systems, such as a human body, must have homeostasis to maintain stability and to survive. (dadamo.com)
- Thus even in homeostasis, body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate and most metabolic indicators are not always at a constant level, but vary predictably over time. (dadamo.com)
- Insights into the regulation of body temperature and energy homeostasis. (uwyo.edu)
Digestion2
- It aids in digestion, circulation, and temperature regulation. (bestfriendspetcare.com)
- Gut serotonin, known as circulating serotonin, is responsible for a host of other functions, including the regulation of blood flow, body temperature, and digestion. (medscape.com)
Ambient6
- The incidence of heat-related illnesses is particularly great if physical work or exercise is performed at higher intensities and in higher ambient temperatures (T a ) and relative humidity (RH) [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
- The ambient temperature (T(A)) under which rodents are exposed to (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) affects the direction and magnitude of the body temperature response, and the degree of hypo/hyperthermia generated in subjects can modify the severity of lasting brain changes in 'neurotoxicity' models. (nih.gov)
- The temperature was significantly elevated following injection with all doses of MDMA under each ambient temperature. (nih.gov)
- The magnitude of mean temperature change was approximately 1 degrees C in most conditions suggesting a closely controlled thermoregulatory response in monkeys across a range of doses and ambient temperatures. (nih.gov)
- Cold climate freeze prevention: Any mechanism which prevents the temperature inside a refrigerated vehicle from dropping below +2°C, under low ambient temperature conditions, down to the temperature specified by the employer, at the time of procurement, subject to a minimum of -10°C. (who.int)
- Hot zone: Hot zone units must operate at a steady +43°C ambient temperature and over a+43°C/+25°C day/night cycling temperature range. (who.int)
98.62
- The average body temperature is 98.6F or 37 degree centigrade. (burn-injury-resource-center.com)
- The average normal body temperature is generally accepted as 98.6°F (37°C). Some studies have shown that the "normal" body temperature can have a wide range, from 97°F (36.1°C) to 99°F (37.2°C). (medlineplus.gov)
Hyperthermia2
- Thermoregulatory function, that is, heat dissipative responses such as skin blood flow (SkBF) and sweating to an increased body temperature, is critical during physical work or exercise in warm and hot conditions and during hyperthermia. (intechopen.com)
- Monkey temperature responses to MDMA appear to be more similar to humans than to rodents and therefore the monkey may offer an improved model of effects related to MDMA-induced hyperthermia. (nih.gov)
Heat13
- Our body uses energy to generate heat through the vital actions of the body. (burn-injury-resource-center.com)
- When someone has a fever the body thermostat will be set at a higher level, therefore the person first shivers leading to heat release which will lead to the rise of temperature to the new setting, and when the fever subsides the setting of the thermostat will drop back to normal and the person sweats to dispose the excess heat. (burn-injury-resource-center.com)
- the response will be constriction of the blood vessels in the skin preventing too much blood from the entering the skin and keeping it inside the body so that little heat is lost, there will be decreased sweating, contraction of the muscle attached to the hair follicle which is called arrector pili muscle and this will lead to pulling the hair up which traps air close to the skin. (burn-injury-resource-center.com)
- For sweat to evaporate it needs heat which is taken from our body and that's why we feel cooler when we sweat. (burn-injury-resource-center.com)
- The extent to which heat tolerance is affected by residence in a semitropical climate, season of the year, and job heat exposure, is studied in two groups of subjects: those exposed to heat in their jobs, and those working in neutral temperature jobs. (cdc.gov)
- Subjects are exposed to several levels of heat as measured by the following four heat indices: corrected effective temperature, wet bulb globe temperature, predicted four hour sweat rate, and the Belding-Hatch heat stress index. (cdc.gov)
- Riding hard or in hot conditions makes our body heat, causing us to sweat. (canyon.com)
- The body maintains a stable core temperature through balancing heat production and heat loss. (medscape.com)
- At rest, humans produce 40-60 kilocalories (kcal) of heat per square meter of body surface area through generation by cellular metabolism, most prominently in the liver and the heart. (medscape.com)
- [ 3 ] The mechanisms for heat preservation may be overwhelmed in the face of cold stress and core temperature can drop secondary to fatigue or glycogen depletion. (medscape.com)
- If your body becomes overheated, you can be in danger of heat-related illness . (cdc.gov)
- Heat exhaustion-when your body can no longer stay cool. (cdc.gov)
- The care plan should include ways to stay cool during extreme heat and should note if any medicines the person takes may affect body temperature regulation. (cdc.gov)
Considered a last re1
- The threshold for shivering is 1 degree lower than that of vasoconstriction and is considered a last resort mechanism by the body to maintain temperature. (medscape.com)
Decrease2
- This command, in turn, effects the correct response, in this case a decrease in body temperature. (dadamo.com)
- Using data sourced from over 60 years of literature and 24 endotherm species, we show that exposure to non-thermal challenges (e.g. human interaction, social threats) caused body temperatures to decrease in the cold and increase in the warmth, but particularly when species-specific costs of thermoregulation were high and surplus energy low. (lu.se)
Physiological2
- The body temperature is kept constant by physiological adjustments controlled by the hypothalamus which acts as a thermostat. (burn-injury-resource-center.com)
- Together, these results suggest latitudinal variation in physiological regulation of circannual rhythms. (bvsalud.org)
Sudden2
- The skin plays an important role in the regulation of body temperature and protecting it from sudden temperature changes. (burn-injury-resource-center.com)
- Older adults can't adjust to sudden temperature changes as fast as younger people. (cdc.gov)
Rising4
- Rising global temperatures disrupt consistent weather patterns. (nationofchange.org)
- Rising temperatures also increase the number of pathogens able to grow in drinking water. (nationofchange.org)
- Rising temperatures impact the incidence rate of water-borne diseases, such as malaria. (lu.se)
- Rising temperatures also increase the risk of drought and crop failure. (lu.se)
Fabric1
- The jersey uses Microsystem Airplus fabric for the body, which is highly breathable, offering excellent temperature regulation and moisture transfer. (canyon.com)
Illness2
- A temperature over 100.4°F (38°C) most often means you have a fever caused by an infection or illness. (medlineplus.gov)
- [ 2 ] Secondary hypothermia is low body temperature resulting from a medical illness lowering the temperature set-point. (medscape.com)
Patterns1
- AbstractThis article examines hormone concentrations and body temperature (Tb) patterns of free-living thirteen-lined ground squirrels (TLGSs) across the majority of their latitudinal range in the United States (from Texas to Minnesota ). (bvsalud.org)
Thermoregulation1
- In birds and mammals, energetic demands of thermoregulation are often immense, yet whether homeostatic body temperatures are also compromised to aid the stress response is not known. (lu.se)
Sweat1
- The skin allows us to regulate our body temperature via sweat. (repechage.com)
Revision2
Skin5
- Our skin is the largest organ in our body, and every week we're sharing different tips on how to take care of it! (repechage.com)
- The skin has many roles in the body, but its number one function is to be part of the integumentary system (that's Int-egg-you-ment-arry, fyi). (repechage.com)
- Keratin, a protein that is a major component in outer layer of our skin cells, stops harmful germs from invading our bodies. (repechage.com)
- The skin stores Vitamin D. Vitamin D is created by your body, but only after the skin has been exposed to sufficient sunlight. (repechage.com)
- Signs can include fainting, behavior changes, high body temperature (over 104° F), dry skin, a strong and rapid pulse, a slow and weak pulse, and no longer sweating even though it's hot. (cdc.gov)
Limits1
- Coupled with their cold-blooded nature, which limits body-temperature regulation, these creatures primarily opt for warmer environments . (interestinganimals.net)
Moisture2
- By managing moisture, we can protect and maintain body comfort establishing an equilibrium or perfect balance for the ultimate in riding comfort. (canyon.com)
- While high moisture areas are frequently preferred, allowing better temperature regulation, exceptions exist. (interestinganimals.net)
Tightly2
- The body's core temperature is tightly regulated in the "thermoneutral zone" between 36.5°C and 37.5°C, outside of which thermoregulatory responses are usually activated. (medscape.com)
- The blood-brain barrier is necessary because in the brain, unlike in most of the body, the cells that form the capillary walls are tightly sealed, for example, to protect it from harm caused by toxins and infections. (msdmanuals.com)
Hypothermia2
- Hypothermia describes a state in which the body's mechanism for temperature regulation is overwhelmed in the face of a cold stressor. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] Primary hypothermia is due to environmental exposure, with no underlying medical condition causing disruption of temperature regulation. (medscape.com)
Degrees1
- The recent El Nino period raised temporary temperatures by a few degrees Celsius. (nationofchange.org)
Increase2
- For instance, when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the human body increases, the lungs are signaled to increase their activity and expel more carbon dioxide. (dadamo.com)
- However, as global temperatures continue to increase, exceptionally hot. (biologists.com)
Affects1
- Temperature affects the rate of chemical reactions inside the body. (burn-injury-resource-center.com)
Humidity1
- Environmental factors like temperature and humidity also affect water consumption, so it's important to consider these factors. (bestfriendspetcare.com)
Metabolic1
- The metabolic capacity to maintain an even body temperature is helpful. (teara.govt.nz)
Avoid2
- Adequate water intake is particularly crucial for regulating body temperature, helping pets avoid overheating and heatstroke. (bestfriendspetcare.com)
- Avoid temperature extremes and chill. (juggernart.com)
Adults2
- Body temperature normally changes throughout the day and in adults, it is lowest in the early morning. (medlineplus.gov)
- children cannot self-regulate their body temperature to the extent that adults can, therefore relying heavily on external regulation. (lu.se)
Minerals1
- The regulation of the amounts of water and minerals in the body. (dadamo.com)
Water2
- To be successful, open water swimmers must be able to withstand hours in very cold temperatures. (teara.govt.nz)
- Warming temperatures expand evaporation rates fueling water displacement. (nationofchange.org)
Accordance1
- If not contaminated, TYCHEM® 4000 garments may be landfilled or incinerated in accordance with local regulations. (dupont.com)
Generally1
- Torpor bouts were generally longer when soil temperatures were lower. (bvsalud.org)
Fever2
- Body temperature regulation and fever. (medlineplus.gov)
- Temperature regulation and the pathogenesis of fever. (medlineplus.gov)
Energy1
- Biophysical models revealed that allowing body temperature to change in this way liberated up to 24% (mean = 5%) of resting energy expenditure for use towards coping. (lu.se)
Environment1
- The internal environment of a living organism's body features body fluids in multicellular animals. (dadamo.com)
Waves1
- Osborne (J) waves (V3) in a patient with a rectal core temperature of 26.7°C (80.1°F). ECG courtesy of Heather Murphy-Lavoie of Charity Hospital, New Orleans. (medscape.com)
Data1
- WHO/PQS/E006/TR05.1: User-programmable temperature data loggers. (who.int)
Important1
- Just as important as exercise is what you put into your body. (woodshomes.ca)
Affect1
- Know what medicines they are taking and find out if they affect body temperature. (cdc.gov)
Period1
- Assessments of 'average' daily T b were made by dividing the integral of the difference between measured values of T b and minimum operative temperature by the period of integration, to yield a thermal index. (biologists.com)
Person1
- User: The person responsible for the day-to-day operation and temperature monitoring of the vehicle. (who.int)
Time1
- Bald Frenchies have a harder time maintaining normal body temperature and are prone to overheating or getting chilled. (juggernart.com)
Activity1
- Body temperature and spontaneous home cage activity were monitored continuously in six male rhesus monkeys via radiotelemetry. (nih.gov)