Blood volume. Medical search

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

Volume of PLASMA in the circulation. It is usually measured by INDICATOR DILUTION TECHNIQUES.

An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK).

Volume of circulating ERYTHROCYTES . It is usually measured by RADIOISOTOPE DILUTION TECHNIQUE.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.

Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. They are also used to treat dehydration.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.

Translocation of body fluids from one compartment to another, such as from the vascular to the interstitial compartments. Fluid shifts are associated with profound changes in vascular permeability and WATER-ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE. The shift can also be from the lower body to the upper body as in conditions of weightlessness.

Measurement of the amount of air that the lungs may contain at various points in the respiratory cycle.

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

The amount of a gas taken up, by the pulmonary capillary blood from the alveolar gas, per minute per unit of average pressure of the gradient of the gas across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.

Reduction of blood viscosity usually by the addition of cell free solutions. Used clinically (1) in states of impaired microcirculation, (2) for replacement of intraoperative blood loss without homologous blood transfusion, and (3) in cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia.

The movement of the BLOOD as it is pumped through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

Method for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of dye into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.

A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.

The oxygen-carrying proteins of ERYTHROCYTES. They are found in all vertebrates and some invertebrates. The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. Structures range from monomeric to a variety of multimeric arrangements.

Solutions having the same osmotic pressure as blood serum, or another solution with which they are compared. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Dorland, 28th ed)

Starches that have been chemically modified so that a percentage of OH groups are substituted with 2-hydroxyethyl ether groups.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

A noninvasive technique that uses the differential absorption properties of hemoglobin and myoglobin to evaluate tissue oxygenation and indirectly can measure regional hemodynamics and blood flow. Near-infrared light (NIR) can propagate through tissues and at particular wavelengths is differentially absorbed by oxygenated vs. deoxygenated forms of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Illumination of intact tissue with NIR allows qualitative assessment of changes in the tissue concentration of these molecules. The analysis is also used to determine body composition.

Acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss resulting in HYPOVOLEMIA.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

The creation and display of functional images showing where the blood flow reaches by following the distribution of tracers injected into the blood stream.

A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer.

A tricarbocyanine dye that is used diagnostically in liver function tests and to determine blood volume and cardiac output.

The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS.

Non-invasive method of vascular imaging and determination of internal anatomy without injection of contrast media or radiation exposure. The technique is used especially in CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY as well as for studies of other vascular structures.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Method for determining the circulating blood volume by introducing a known quantity of foreign substance into the blood and determining its concentration some minutes later when thorough mixing has occurred. From these two values the blood volume can be calculated by dividing the quantity of injected material by its concentration in the blood at the time of uniform mixing. Generally expressed as cubic centimeters or liters per kilogram of body weight.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

Unstable isotopes of oxygen that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. O atoms with atomic weights 13, 14, 15, 19, and 20 are radioactive oxygen isotopes.

The measure of a BLOOD VESSEL's ability to increase the volume of BLOOD it holds without a large increase in BLOOD PRESSURE. The vascular capacitance is equal to the change in volume divided by the change in pressure.

A complex of gadolinium with a chelating agent, diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA see PENTETIC ACID), that is given to enhance the image in cranial and spinal MRIs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706)

The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)

Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.

Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.

Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.

Therapy whose basic objective is to restore the volume and composition of the body fluids to normal with respect to WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Fluids may be administered intravenously, orally, by intermittent gavage, or by HYPODERMOCLYSIS.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

The upper part of the trunk between the NECK and the ABDOMEN. It contains the chief organs of the circulatory and respiratory systems. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK.

The force that opposes the flow of BLOOD through a vascular bed. It is equal to the difference in BLOOD PRESSURE across the vascular bed divided by the CARDIAC OUTPUT.

Repetitive withdrawal of small amounts of blood and replacement with donor blood until a large proportion of the blood volume has been exchanged. Used in treatment of fetal erythroblastosis, hepatic coma, sickle cell anemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, septicemia, burns, thrombotic thrombopenic purpura, and fulminant malaria.

Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.

Recording of change in the size of a part as modified by the circulation in it.

Methods developed to aid in the interpretation of ultrasound, radiographic images, etc., for diagnosis of disease.

A 3.5 per cent colloidal solution containing urea-cross-linked polymerized peptides. It has a molecular weight of approximately 35,000 and is prepared from gelatin and electrolytes. The polymeric solution is used as a plasma expander.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural MICROSCOPY, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS supplying the abdominal VISCERA.

The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.

The blood pressure in the central large VEINS of the body. It is distinguished from peripheral venous pressure which occurs in an extremity.

The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.

The balance of fluid in the BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS; total BODY WATER; BLOOD VOLUME; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; INTRACELLULAR SPACE, maintained by processes in the body that regulate the intake and excretion of WATER and ELECTROLYTES, particularly SODIUM and POTASSIUM.

Methods for assessing flow through a system by injection of a known quantity of an indicator, such as a dye, radionuclide, or chilled liquid, into the system and monitoring its concentration over time at a specific point in the system. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination . It is usually given as FEV followed by a subscript indicating the number of seconds over which the measurement is made, although it is sometimes given as a percentage of forced vital capacity.

One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)

The circulation of BLOOD through the LIVER.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

An increase in the excretion of URINE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The position or attitude of the body.

The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.

Chemicals and substances that impart color including soluble dyes and insoluble pigments. They are used in INKS; PAINTS; and as INDICATORS AND REAGENTS.

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.

Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

The posture of an individual lying face up.

Hypertonic sodium chloride solution. A solution having an osmotic pressure greater than that of physiologic salt solution (0.9 g NaCl in 100 ml purified water).

Fluids composed mainly of water found within the body.

A type of stress exerted uniformly in all directions. Its measure is the force exerted per unit area. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A type of MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING that uses only one nuclear spin excitation per image and therefore can obtain images in a fraction of a second rather than the minutes required in traditional MRI techniques. It is used in a variety of medical and scientific applications.

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

The minute vessels that connect the arterioles and venules.

Forced expiratory effort against a closed GLOTTIS.

Receptors in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which are sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls.

Recording changes in electrical impedance between electrodes placed on opposite sides of a part of the body, as a measure of volume changes in the path of the current. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

The vessels carrying blood away from the capillary beds.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

The property of blood capillary ENDOTHELIUM that allows for the selective exchange of substances between the blood and surrounding tissues and through membranous barriers such as the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER; BLOOD-AQUEOUS BARRIER; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BLOOD-NERVE BARRIER; BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER; and BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER. Small lipid-soluble molecules such as carbon dioxide and oxygen move freely by diffusion. Water and water-soluble molecules cannot pass through the endothelial walls and are dependent on microscopic pores. These pores show narrow areas (TIGHT JUNCTIONS) which may limit large molecule movement.

A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.

The restoration to life or consciousness of one apparently dead. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (structure varies with species) to regulate water balance and OSMOLARITY. In general, vasopressin is a nonapeptide consisting of a six-amino-acid ring with a cysteine 1 to cysteine 6 disulfide bridge or an octapeptide containing a CYSTINE. All mammals have arginine vasopressin except the pig with a lysine at position 8. Vasopressin, a vasoconstrictor, acts on the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS to increase water reabsorption, increase blood volume and blood pressure.

A compound formed by the combination of hemoglobin and oxygen. It is a complex in which the oxygen is bound directly to the iron without causing a change from the ferrous to the ferric state.

The finer blood vessels of the vasculature that are generally less than 100 microns in internal diameter.

The part of the face above the eyes.

Two-phase systems in which one is uniformly dispersed in another as particles small enough so they cannot be filtered or will not settle out. The dispersing or continuous phase or medium envelops the particles of the discontinuous phase. All three states of matter can form colloids among each other.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)

A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

The volume of air remaining in the LUNGS at the end of a maximal expiration. Common abbreviation is RV.

Water content outside of the lung vasculature. About 80% of a normal lung is made up of water, including intracellular, interstitial, and blood water. Failure to maintain the normal homeostatic fluid exchange between the vascular space and the interstitium of the lungs can result in PULMONARY EDEMA and flooding of the alveolar space.

An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness.

Water-soluble proteins found in egg whites, blood, lymph, and other tissues and fluids. They coagulate upon heating.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.

A procedure in which fluid is withdrawn from a body cavity or organ via a trocar and cannula, needle, or other hollow instrument.

The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent.

The arterial blood vessels supplying the CEREBRUM.

Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.

The introduction of whole blood or blood component directly into the blood stream. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Determination of the shortest time interval between the injection of a substance in the vein and its arrival at some distant site in sufficient concentration to produce a recognizable end result. It represents approximately the inverse of the average velocity of blood flow between two points.

External decompression applied to the lower body. It is used to study orthostatic intolerance and the effects of gravitation and acceleration, to produce simulated hemorrhage in physiologic research, to assess cardiovascular function, and to reduce abdominal stress during childbirth.

Poly or pyrophosphates of tin. In conjunction with radioactive technetium these compounds are used as bone-scanning agents and in scintigraphy to diagnose myocardial and cerebral infarction.

Measurement of blood flow based on induction at one point of the circulation of a known change in the intravascular heat content of flowing blood and detection of the resultant change in temperature at a point downstream.

The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.

Gadolinium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.

Interstitial space between cells, occupied by INTERSTITIAL FLUID as well as amorphous and fibrous substances. For organisms with a CELL WALL, the extracellular space includes everything outside of the CELL MEMBRANE including the PERIPLASM and the cell wall.

A standard and widely accepted diagnostic test used to identify patients who have a vasodepressive and/or cardioinhibitory response as a cause of syncope. (From Braunwald, Heart Disease, 7th ed)

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

A group of glucose polymers made by certain bacteria. Dextrans are used therapeutically as plasma volume expanders and anticoagulants. They are also commonly used in biological experimentation and in industry for a wide variety of purposes.

A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.

Stable chromium atoms that have the same atomic number as the element chromium, but differ in atomic weight. Cr-50, 53, and 54 are stable chromium isotopes.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

Substances that are used in place of blood, for example, as an alternative to BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS after blood loss to restore BLOOD VOLUME and oxygen-carrying capacity to the blood circulation, or to perfuse isolated organs.

A significant drop in BLOOD PRESSURE after assuming a standing position. Orthostatic hypotension is a finding, and defined as a 20-mm Hg decrease in systolic pressure or a 10-mm Hg decrease in diastolic pressure 3 minutes after the person has risen from supine to standing. Symptoms generally include DIZZINESS, blurred vision, and SYNCOPE.

The two types of spaces between which water and other body fluids are distributed: extracellular and intracellular.

The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

The blood pressure in the VEINS. It is usually measured to assess the filling PRESSURE to the HEART VENTRICLE.

A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.

The internal resistance of the BLOOD to shear forces. The in vitro measure of whole blood viscosity is of limited clinical utility because it bears little relationship to the actual viscosity within the circulation, but an increase in the viscosity of circulating blood can contribute to morbidity in patients suffering from disorders such as SICKLE CELL ANEMIA and POLYCYTHEMIA.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

The separation of particles from a suspension by passage through a filter with very fine pores. In ultrafiltration the separation is accomplished by convective transport; in DIALYSIS separation relies instead upon differential diffusion. Ultrafiltration occurs naturally and is a laboratory procedure. Artificial ultrafiltration of the blood is referred to as HEMOFILTRATION or HEMODIAFILTRATION (if combined with HEMODIALYSIS).

Measurement of hemoglobin concentration in blood.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

A potent natriuretic and vasodilatory peptide or mixture of different-sized low molecular weight PEPTIDES derived from a common precursor and secreted mainly by the HEART ATRIUM. All these peptides share a sequence of about 20 AMINO ACIDS.

The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc.

A diagnostic technique that incorporates the measurement of molecular diffusion (such as water or metabolites) for tissue assessment by MRI. The degree of molecular movement can be measured by changes of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with time, as reflected by tissue microstructure. Diffusion MRI has been used to study BRAIN ISCHEMIA and tumor response to treatment.

Imaging techniques used to colocalize sites of brain functions or physiological activity with brain structures.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.

The number of RED BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD.

The carbohydrate-rich zone on the cell surface. This zone can be visualized by a variety of stains as well as by its affinity for lectins. Although most of the carbohydrate is attached to intrinsic plasma membrane molecules, the glycocalyx usually also contains both glycoproteins and proteoglycans that have been secreted into the extracellular space and then adsorbed onto the cell surface. (Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 3d ed, p502)

Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Normal human serum albumin mildly iodinated with radioactive iodine (131-I) which has a half-life of 8 days, and emits beta and gamma rays. It is used as a diagnostic aid in blood volume determination. (from Merck Index, 11th ed)

Sodium excretion by URINATION.

Reduction in baroreflex cardiovascular responses due to venous infusion in the rabbit. (1/1976)

We studied reflex bradycardia and depression of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) during left aortic nerve (LAN) stimulation before and after volume infusion in the anesthetized rabbit. Step increases in mean right atrial pressure (MRAP) to 10 mm Hg did not result in a significant change in heart rate or MAP. After volume loading, responses to LAN stimulation were not as great and the degree of attenuation was propoetional to the level of increased MRAP. A change in responsiveness was observed after elevation of MRAP by only 1 mm Hg, corresponding to less than a 10% increase in average calculated blood volume. after an increase in MRAP of 10 mm Hg, peak responses were attenuated by 44% (heart rate) and 52% (MAP), and the initial slopes (rate of change) were reduced by 46% (heart rate) and 66% (MAP). Comparison of the responses after infusion with blood and dextran solutions indicated that hemodilution was an unlikely explanation for the attenuation of the reflex responses. Total arterial baroreceptor denervation (ABD) abolished the volume-related attenuation was still present following bilateral aortic nerve section or vagotomy. It thus appears that the carotid sinus responds to changes inblood volume and influences the reflex cardiovascular responses to afferent stimulation of the LAN. On the other hand, cardiopulmonary receptors subserved by vagal afferents do not appear to be involved. (+info)

Quantification of baroreceptor influence on arterial pressure changes seen in primary angiotension-induced hypertension in dogs. (2/1976)

We studied the role of the sino-aortic baroreceptors in the gradual development of hypertension induced by prolonged administration of small amounts of angiotensin II (A II) in intact dogs and dogs with denervated sino-aortic baroreceptors. Short-term 1-hour infusions of A II(1.0-100 ng/kg per min) showed that conscious denervated dogs had twice the pressor sensitivity of intact dogs. Long-term infusions of A II at 5.0 ng/kg per min (2-3 weeks) with continuous 24-hour recordings of arterial pressure showed that intact dogs required 28 hours to reach the same level of pressure attained by denervated dogs during the 1st hour of infusion. At the 28th hour the pressure in both groups was 70% of the maximum value attained by the 7th day of infusion. Both intact and denervated dogs reached nearly the same plateau level of pressure, the magnitude being directly related both the the A II infusion rate and the daily sodium intake. Cardiac output in intact dogs initially decreased after the onset of A II infusion, but by the 5th day of infusion it was 38% above control, whereas blood volume was unchanged. Heart rate returned to normal after a reduction during the 1st day of infusion in intact dogs. Plasma renin activity could not be detected after 24 hours of A II infusion in either intact or denervated dogs. The data indicate that about 35% of the hypertensive effect of A II results from its acute pressor action, and an additional 35% of the gradual increase in arterial pressure is in large measure a result of baroreceptor resetting. We conclude that the final 30% increase in pressure seems to result from increased cardiac output, the cause of which may be decreased vascular compliance. since the blood volume remains unaltered. (+info)

Myocardial oxygenation during high work states in hearts with postinfarction remodeling. (3/1976)

BACKGROUND: Postinfarction left ventricular remodeling (LVR) is associated with reductions in myocardial high-energy phosphate (HEP) levels, which are more severe in animals that develop overt congestive heart failure (CHF). During high work states, further HEP loss occurs, which suggests demand-induced ischemia. This study tested the hypothesis that inadequate myocyte oxygen availability is the basis for these HEP abnormalities. METHODS AND RESULTS: Myocardial infarction was produced by left circumflex coronary artery ligation in swine. Studies were performed in 20 normal animals, 14 animals with compensated LVR, and 9 animals with CHF. Phosphocreatine (PCr)/ATP was determined with 31P NMR and deoxymyoglobin (Mb-delta) with 1H NMR in myocardium remote from the infarct. Basal PCr/ATP tended to be decreased in postinfarct hearts, and this was significant in animals with CHF. Infusion of dobutamine (20 microg x kg-1 x min-1 IV) caused doubling of the rate-pressure product in both normal and LVR hearts and resulted in comparable significant decreases of PCr/ATP in both groups. This decrease in PCr/ATP was not associated with detectable Mb-delta. In CHF hearts, rate-pressure product increased only 40% in response to dobutamine; this attenuated response also was not associated with detectable Mb-delta. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the decrease of PCr/ATP during dobutamine infusion is not the result of insufficient myocardial oxygen availability. Furthermore, in CHF hearts, the low basal PCr/ATP and the attenuated response to dobutamine occurred in the absence of myocardial hypoxia, indicating that the HEP and contractile abnormalities were not the result of insufficient oxygen availability. (+info)

Increased orthostatic tolerance following moderate exercise training in patients with unexplained syncope. (4/1976)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a programme of simple, moderate exercise training increases blood volume and improves orthostatic tolerance in patients with attacks of syncope or near syncope related to orthostatic stress. DESIGN: An open study in 14 patients referred with unexplained attacks of syncope, who were shown to have a low tolerance to an orthostatic stress test. Measurements were made of plasma and blood volumes, orthostatic tolerance to a test of combined head up tilt and lower body suction, and baroreceptor sensitivity by applying subatmospheric pressures to a chamber over the neck. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed from the relation between heart rate and oxygen uptake during a graded treadmill exercise test. Assessments were made before and after undertaking an exercise training programme (Canadian Air Force 5BX/XBX). RESULTS: After the training period, 12 of the 14 patients showed evidence of improved cardiorespiratory fitness. All 12 patients were symptomatically improved; they showed increases in plasma and blood volumes and in orthostatic tolerance, and decreases in baroreceptor sensitivity. Despite the improved orthostatic tolerance, values of blood pressure both while supine and initially following tilting were lower than before training. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise training has a role in the management of patients with syncope and poor orthostatic tolerance. It improves symptoms and increases orthostatic tolerance without increasing resting blood pressure. (+info)

Stroke volume decline during prolonged exercise is influenced by the increase in heart rate. (5/1976)

This study determined whether the decline in stroke volume (SV) during prolonged exercise is related to an increase in heart rate (HR) and/or an increase in cutaneous blood flow (CBF). Seven active men cycled for 60 min at approximately 57% peak O2 uptake in a neutral environment (i.e., 27 degrees C, <40% relative humidity). They received a placebo control (CON) or a small oral dose (i.e., approximately 7 mg) of the beta1-adrenoceptor blocker atenolol (BB) at the onset of exercise. At 15 min, HR and SV were similar during CON and BB. From 15 to 55 min during CON, a 13% decline in SV was associated with an 11% increase in HR and not with an increase in CBF. CBF increased mainly from 5 to 15 min and remained stable from 20 to 60 min of exercise in both treatments. However, from 15 to 55 min during BB, when the increase in HR was prevented by atenolol, the decline in SV was also prevented, despite a normal CBF response (i.e., similar to CON). Cardiac output was similar in both treatments and stable throughout the exercise bouts. We conclude that during prolonged exercise in a neutral environment the decline in SV is related to the increase in HR and is not affected by CBF. (+info)

Effect of acute normovolemic hemodilution on distribution of blood flow and tissue oxygenation in dog skeletal muscle. (6/1976)

Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) is efficient in reducing allogenic blood transfusion needs during elective surgery. Tissue oxygenation is maintained by increased cardiac output and oxygen extraction and, presumably, a more homogeneous tissue perfusion. The aim of this study was to investigate blood flow distribution and oxygenation of skeletal muscle. ANH from hematocrit of 36 +/- 3 to 20 +/- 1% was performed in 22 splenectomized, anesthetized beagles (17 analyzed) ventilated with room air. Normovolemia was confirmed by measurement of blood volume. Distribution of perfusion within skeletal muscle was determined by using radioactive microspheres. Tissue oxygen partial pressure was assessed with a polarographic platinum surface electrode. Cardiac index (3.69 +/- 0.79 vs. 4.79 +/- 0.73 l. min-1. m-2) and muscle perfusion (4.07 +/- 0.44 vs. 5.18 +/- 0.36 ml. 100 g-1. min-1) were increased at hematocrit of 20%. Oxygen delivery to skeletal muscle was reduced to 74% of baseline values (0.64 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.48 +/- 0.03 ml O2. 100 g-1. min-1). Nevertheless, tissue PO2 was preserved (27.4 +/- 1.3 vs. 29.9 +/- 1. 4 Torr). Heterogeneity of muscle perfusion (relative dispersion) was reduced after ANH (20.0 +/- 2.2 vs. 13.9 +/- 1.5%). We conclude that a more homogeneous distribution of perfusion is one mechanism for the preservation of tissue oxygenation after moderate ANH, despite reduced oxygen delivery. (+info)

Breathing responses to small inspiratory threshold loads in humans. (7/1976)

To investiage the effect of inspiratory threshold load (ITL) on breathing, all previous work studied loads that were much greater than would be encountered under pathophysiological conditions. We hypothesized that mild ITL from 2.5 to 20 cmH2O is sufficient to modify control and sensation of breathing. The study was performed in healthy subjects. The results demonstrated that with mild ITL 1) inspiratory difficulty sensation could be perceived at an ITL of 2.5 cmH2O; 2) tidal volume increased without change in breathing frequency, resulting in hyperpnea; and 3) although additional time was required for inspiratory pressure to attain the threshold before inspiratory flow was initiated, the total inspiratory muscle contraction time remained constant. This resulted in shortening of the available time for inspiratory flow, so that the tidal volume was maintained or increased by significant increase in mean inspiratory flow. On the basis of computer simulation, we conclude that the mild ITL is sufficient to increase breathing sensation and alter breathing control, presumably aiming at maintaining a certain level of ventilation but minimizing the energy consumption of the inspiratory muscles. (+info)

Efficacy of recombinant human Hb by 31P-NMR during isovolemic total exchange transfusion. (8/1976)

The ability of recombinant human Hb (rHb1.1), which is being developed as an oxygen therapeutic, to support metabolism was measured by in vivo 31P-NMR surface coil spectroscopy of the rat abdomen in control animals and in animals subjected to isovolemic exchange transfusion to hematocrit of <3% with human serum albumin or 5 g/dl rHb1.1. No significant changes in metabolite levels were observed in control animals for up to 6 h. The albumin-exchange experiments, however, resulted in a more than eightfold increase in Pi and a 50% drop in phosphocreatine and ATP within 40 min. The tissue pH dropped from 7.4 to 6.8. The decrease in high-energy phosphates obeyed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with a Michaelis-Menten constant of 3% as the hematocrit at which a 50% drop in high-energy phosphates was observed. Exchange transfusion with rHb1.1 resulted in no significant drop in high-energy phosphates, no rise in Pi, and no change in tissue pH from 7.35 +/- 0.15 for up to 5 h after exchange. By these criteria, rHb1.1 at a plasma Hb concentration of approximately 5 g/dl after total exchange transfusion was able to sustain energy metabolism of gut tissue at levels indistinguishable from control rats with a threefold higher total Hb level in erythrocytes. (+info)

As blood volume increases, pressure also increases. Transepithelial potential difference driving reabsorption. ... Renin-angiotensin system: The kidneys sense low blood pressure. Release renin into the blood. Renin causes production of ... This happens as a result of sodium transport from the lumen into the blood by the Na+/K+ATPase in the basolateral membrane of ... and returns them to the circulating blood. It is called reabsorption (and not absorption) both because these substances have ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reabsorption

"Cerebral Blood Flow, Blood Volume and Oxygen Utilization". Brain. 113: 27-47. doi:10.1093/brain/113.1.27. PMID 2302536. Marner ... blood. The other main component of the brain is grey matter (actually pinkish tan due to blood capillaries), which is composed ... Men have more white matter than women both in volume and in length of myelinated axons. At the age of 20, the total length of ... Smaller volumes (in terms of group averages) of white matter might be associated with larger deficits in attention, declarative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_matter

CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link) Hamman, Cody (May 2, 2015). "Volumes of Blood (Movie Review)". JoBlo.com. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_2015

The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal, Essex Volume. Genealogical Pub. Co. 1994. Sources This article incorporates text from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Cosmo_Melvill

Fire and blood" and the second volume, "Captain Dinesen. Till death do us part", published in October 2014. He is married to ... After his return to Denmark, he began studying the war of 1864, and he then wrote the first volume of his two-volume work on ... In 2013 he published the first volume of a two-volume biography of Wilhelm Dinesen, Karen Blixen's father, "Captain Dinesen. ... The first book was well received and received several awards, which spawned the second volume of the work two years later. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Buk-Swienty

Sodium, and therefore blood volume, is difficult to regulate internally. That is, when a large dose of sodium threatens the ... The red cells would have been possible, but that would not change the blood volume. Potassium, on the other hand, can be moved ... "Evidence for a humoral factor modifying the renal response to blood volume expansion in the rat". Canadian Journal of ... Angiotensin (the blood pressure hormone) has little effect on DOC, but DOC causes a rapid fall in renin, and therefore ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11-Deoxycorticosterone

Volume rendered CT scan of abdominal and pelvic blood vessels. The posterior surfaces of the kidneys, showing areas of relation ... The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass ... The renal arteries are paired arteries that supply the kidneys with blood. Each is directed across the crus of the diaphragm, ... or narrowing of one or both renal arteries will lead to hypertension as the affected kidneys release renin to increase blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_artery

In the fourth volume, Liceti discussed the circulation of blood. The seventh and eighth volume deals primarily with a ... The second volume in this series contained his opinion on the pancreatic duct, which had just been discovered in 1642 in Padua ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortunio_Liceti

Thrombocytopaenia means there is low platelet volume in the blood. This means there are less platelets to coagulate in presence ... A sample of blood is drawn from a patient's arm. A small amount of platelets in blood smears compared to the normal range of ... Platelets assist in blood clotting and coagulate when there are damages blood vessels. This coagulation attempts to cease ... This maintenance of water concentration in the blood is essential for maintaining blood pressure and is affected in nephritis. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein_syndrome

Everyone seemed very happy that D'Amour looked like he did." In the short story "The Last Illusion" in Books of Blood Volume 6 ... He originally appeared in the short story "The Last Illusion" in Books of Blood Volume 6, an anthology of stories written by ... "The Last Illusion" from Books of Blood Volume 6 (1985). Fangoria #138, 1994. The Geek's Guide to the Galaxy # 151: "It's ... Since his debut in Books of Blood, D'Amour has appeared in other prose stories and was revealed to live in the same reality as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_D'Amour

The Marquis of Ruvigny and Raineval (May 2013). The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal: The Mortimer-Percy Volume. Heritage ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winstanley_House

It should not be used in people with reduced blood volume. Safety in pregnant women has not been established. Very common ( ... It also should not be used in people with severe low blood pressure or reduced systemic vascular resistance. It should be used ... Common (between 1% and 10%) adverse effects include tremor, headache, transient low blood pressure, vomiting, increased ... These activities increase cardiac output and increase blood flow to peripheral vascular beds. It is not an α-adrenergic agonist ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopexamine

In 1856, he published Ras Mala in two volumes which documented the history and chronicles from 8th century to arrival of ... ISBN 978-93-83814-45-9. The Marquis of Ruvigny and Ranieval (May 2013). The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal: The Mortimer- ... Percy Volume. Heritage Books. pp. 228-230. ISBN 978-0-7884-1872-3. "England Births and Christenings, 1538-1975," database, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Kinloch_Forbes

With Norman Keith of Toronto, Rowntree invented a method to calculate blood and plasma volume using a red dye dilution method. ... KEITH, N. M.; ROWNTREE, L. G.; GERAGHTY, J. T. (1 October 1915). "A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PLASMA AND BLOOD VOLUME" ( ... ABEL, J. J.; ROWNTREE, L. G.; TURNER, B. B. (1913). "On the removal of diffusible substances from the circulating blood by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Rowntree

The Marquis of Ruvigny and Ranieval (1 May 2013). The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal: The Mortimer-Percy Volume. Heritage ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertram_Wodehouse_Currie

Animated Volume rendered CT scan of abdominal and pelvic blood vessels. Superior mesenteric artery Dissection showing the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_mesenteric_artery

Increased blood volume is detected by stretch receptors (Cardiac Receptors) located in both sides of atria at the venoatrial ... In contrast, the Bainbridge reflex responds to changes in blood volume. The Bainbridge reflex is seen in dogs, but experiment ... Increased blood volume results in increased venous return to the heart, which leads to increased firing of B-fibers. B-fibers ... as in after delivery of an infant when a large volume (up to 800 mL) of uteroplacental blood is put back into the mother's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bainbridge_reflex

Blocking the action of aldosterone decreases blood volume and lowers blood pressure. It has 10- to 20-fold lower affinity for ... For persons with resistant hypertension, eplerenone is safe and effective for reducing blood pressure, particularly in persons ... is an aldosterone antagonist type of potassium-sparing diuretic that is used to treat chronic heart failure and high blood ... Eplerenone lowers blood pressure in patients with primary hypertension. Eplerenone also reduces arterial stiffness and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eplerenone

Exercise training increases cerebral blood volume and perfusion of the hippocampus. Regarding the 2010 study, the authors ... 3) Hippocampal and medial temporal lobe volumes are larger in higher-fit older adults (larger hippocampal volumes have been ... suggesting that fitness protects against volume loss. Caudate nucleus and thalamus volumes were unaffected by the intervention ... The gp130 receptor cytokine IL-6 (Interleukin 6) was the first myokine found to be secreted into the blood stream in response ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myokine

an arterial-venous blood volume ratio of 20%/80% can be adopted. Thus tissue oxygen saturation can be defined as S t O 2 {\ ... Because scattering has weak dependence on wavelength, the NIR window is primarily limited by the light absorption of blood at ... Blood consists of two different types of hemoglobin: oxyhemoglobin ( H b O 2 {\displaystyle HbO_{2}} ) is bound to oxygen, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-infrared_window_in_biological_tissue

First, the circuitous refluxing of blood causes volume overload on the left ventricle. Second, because the left ventricle ... The defect allows oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to mix with oxygen-poor blood in the right ventricle. Most cases do ... the leakage of blood into the right ventricle therefore elevates right ventricular pressure and volume, causing pulmonary ... The murmur depends on the abnormal flow of blood from the left ventricle, through the VSD, to the right ventricle. If there is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_septal_defect

ANH is released by cardiac muscle cells in response to high blood volume. When activated, ANH releases water, subsequently ... A voiding bladder diary should record:[citation needed] number of voids timing of voids volume voided volume and time of fluid ... Nocturia diagnosis requires knowing the patient's nocturnal urine volume (NUV). The ICS defines NUV as "the total volume of ... of the normal 24-hour urine volume. NPi is calculated simply by dividing NUV by the 24-hour urine volume. Similar to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturia

This engorgement of blood vessels increases the volume of transudate from the vaginal walls. Transudate has a neutral pH, so ... Normal vaginal discharge may be large in volume but typically does not have a strong odor, nor is it typically associated with ... The normal discharge of pregnancy does not contain blood or cause itching. The pH of the vaginal discharge in pregnancy tends ... During sexual arousal and sexual intercourse, the amount of fluid in the vagina increases due to engorgement of blood vessels ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaginal_discharge

Nothing but Blood and Slaughter: The Revolutionary War in the Carolinas: Volume Three 1781. Booklocker.com. 2005. Muster Roll ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clan_Davidson

The opposite condition is hypovolemia, which is too little fluid volume in the blood. Fluid volume excess in the intravascular ... Volume status Volume overload Fluid balance Edema Anasarca (swelling of skin) Pleural effusion (excess fluid in the pleural ... Hypervolemia, also known as fluid overload, is the medical condition where there is too much fluid in the blood. ... It may also be caused by excessive intake of sodium from foods, intravenous (IV) solutions and blood transfusions, medications ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypervolemia

This diuresis leaves less water to be reabsorbed into the blood, resulting in a decrease in blood volume. A secondary effect of ... The collective effects of decreased blood volume and vasodilation decrease blood pressure and ameliorate edema. Loop diuretics ... Musini, VM; Rezapour, P; Wright, JM; Bassett, K; Jauca, CD (2015). "Blood pressure-lowering efficacy of loop diuretics for ... Frequent fluid status monitoring is required to prevent intravascular volume depletion which leads to reduced cerebral ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop_diuretic

For usage, an equal volume of blood is gently, but thoroughly, mixed with the solution. This solution is used to study in vitro ... It is also used to preserve blood cells from other sources. The test was invented in 1941 by the American Hematologist, John ... Alsever's solution is a saline liquid used to prevent coagulation of blood. It is composed of 2.05% dextrose, 0.8% sodium ... Bellows Alsever (1908-1978). Alsever, J. B., & Ainslie, R. B. (1941). A new method for the preparation of dilute blood plasma ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alsever's_solution

It is used for replacing fluids and electrolytes in those who have low blood volume or low blood pressure. It may also be used ... Side effects may include allergic reactions, high blood potassium, volume overload, and high blood calcium. It may not be ... In a large-volume resuscitation over several hours, LRS maintains a more stable blood pH than normal saline. One liter of ... It has the same tonicity as blood. Ringer's solution was invented in the 1880s with lactate being added in the 1930s. It is on ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringer's_lactate_solution

The total blood volume is about 125 ml/kg of fetal body weight near term. Megaloblastic red blood cells are produced early in ... Nicotine results in less blood flow to the fetus because it constricts the blood vessels. Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen ... Plasma cells are derived from B cells and their life in fetal blood is 0.5 to 2 days. The thyroid is the first gland to develop ... The reduction of blood and oxygen flow may result in miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, and premature births. Exposure ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_development

In previous studies, lixivaptan improved blood sodium levels, lowered body weight and increased urine volume. Those studies ... In clinical trials involving patients with water volume overload, lixivaptan resulted in correction of hyponatremia together ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lixivaptan

... intracranial blood and cerebrospinal fluid.[21] The sum of volumes of these three elements is constant.[21] An increase in one ... The volume of blood in the cranial vault is auto-regulated by the brain, and will therefore not decrease that easily.[21] ... The response involves vasodilatation of the cranial vault blood vessels, increasing the volume of one of the elements in the ... This causes an increase in the intracranial blood volume, thereby causing an increase in intracranial pressure.[23] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniosynostosis

... are white blood cells that secrete large volumes of antibodies. They are transported by the blood plasma and the lymphatic ... The most immature blood cell that is considered of plasma cell lineage is the plasmablast.[3] Plasmablasts secrete more ... Frigyesi I (Jan 2014). "Robust isolation of malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma". Blood. 123 (9): 1336-40. doi:10.1182/ ... Once released into the blood and lymph, these antibody molecules bind to the target antigen (foreign substance) and initiate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cells

Intensive blood sugar lowering (HbA1c,6%) as opposed to standard blood sugar lowering (HbA1c of 7-7.9%) does not appear to ... CS1: long volume value. *CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list. *Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages ... Blood pressure lowering. Many international guidelines recommend blood pressure treatment targets that are lower than 140/90 ... and maintaining blood glucose levels in the normal range.[25] Self-monitoring of blood glucose for people with newly diagnosed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes_mellitus

... bodies are elevated in the blood (ketosis) after fasting, including a night of sleep; in both blood and urine in ... volume 1, p. 40. From page 40: "Zu diesen Syndesmiden scheinen auch diejenigen Verbindungen zu gehören, die als Acetone im ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone

"Debunking 'Ordering the vegetarian meal? There's more animal blood on your hands.'". All Animals Australia. 2014-11-12. ... ISBN 978-0-9599951-3-8 (2 volumes). *Archer, M. and Clayton, C. (Eds.) (1984). Vertebrate Zoogeography & Evolution in ... "Ordering the vegetarian meal? There's more animal blood on your hands". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 2016- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Archer_

The brain detects insulin in the blood, which indicates that nutrients are being absorbed by cells and a person is getting full ... Since small mammals have a high ratio of heat-losing surface area to heat-generating volume, they tend to have high energy ... The brain checks for glucoprivation on its side of the blood-brain barrier (since glucose is its fuel), while the liver ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eat

The blood was central to Fludd's conception of the relationship between the microcosm and macrocosm; the blood and the Spirit ... Tita French Baumlin, "Robert Fludd," The Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 281: British Rhetoricians and Logicians, 1500 ... Allen G. Debus, Robert Fludd and the Circulation of the Blood, J Hist Med Allied Sci (1961) XVI (4): 374-393. doi: 10.1093/ ... Likewise, the blood of man carried the Spirit of the Lord (the same Spirit provided by the sun), and circulated through the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Fludd

A 2015 study of users in the United States also found elevated blood lead levels in 40 percent of those tested. Other concerns ... Volume 122. pp. 393-412. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(08)62153-6. ISBN 9780444500496. . PMID 10737073.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrative_medicine

High-speed or superspeed centrifuges can handle larger sample volumes, from a few tens of millilitres to several litres. ... Separation of urine components and blood components in forensic and research laboratories ... Microcentrifuges are used to process small volumes of biological molecules, cells, or nuclei. Microcentrifuge tubes generally ... Additionally, while microcentrifuges and supercentrifuges separate particles in batches (limited volumes of samples must be ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugation

Rejecting the common notions of his time that the use of breathing is to cool the heart, or assist the passage of the blood ... London = volume III: F., C. & J. Rivington. p. 1199. Holmyard, Eric John (1931). Makers of Chemistry. Oxford: Oxford University ... and supposed that the lungs separate it from the atmosphere and pass it into the blood. It is also necessary, Mayow inferred, ... with the combustible particles in the blood, and is further formed by the combination of these two sets of particles in muscle ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Mayow

The story in each volume follows the corresponding volume of the novels. The first eight volumes were translated into German by ... Hakuoki: Record of the Jade Blood (2010). *Starry Sky (2010-2011). *Dragon Crisis! (2011) ... The first eight volumes were republished in five omnibus volumes in Japan between April and July 2010.[40][41] ... was later included in volume 18 of the novels, Premium Book,[49] and the other five were later published in volume 26 of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria-sama_ga_Miteru

"Doctor Who: Series 5 Volume 4 (Blu-Ray)". BBCshop. Retrieved 18 June 2010.. ... "The Hungry Earth" / "Cold Blood". *"Vincent and the Doctor". *"The Lodger". *"The Pandorica Opens" / "The Big Bang" ... "Doctor Who: Series 5 Volume 4 (DVD)". BBCshop. Retrieved 18 June 2010.. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Big_Bang_

"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 30 (5): 985-93. doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.269. PMC 2949183. PMID 20029452.. ... This necessitates frequent recalibration of the remaining dose (determination of activity per unit volume) and careful planning ... Changing of regional blood flow in various anatomic structures (as a measure of the injected positron emitter) can be ... What is actually measured indirectly is the flow of blood to different parts of the brain, which is, in general, believed to be ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/PET_scan

The widespread bleeding that occurs in affected people causes swelling and shock due to loss of blood volume.[94] The ... This may cause vomiting blood, coughing up of blood, or blood in stool.[32] Bleeding into the skin may create petechiae, ... Blood products such as packed red blood cells, platelets, or fresh frozen plasma may also be used.[135] Other regulators of ... Intensive care is often used in the developed world.[33] This may include maintaining blood volume and electrolytes (salts) ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus_disease

Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198573586. .. *^ Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (1992). CRC Handbook ... but the bill of ducks is supplied with a few blood vessels to prevent heat loss,[42] and, as in the Greenland mallard, the bill ... International Wildfowl Inquiry Volume i Factors Affecting the General Status of Wild Geese and Wild Duck. Cambridge University ... Piggott, Stuart; Thirsk, Joan (2 April 1981). The Agrarian History of England and Wales: Volume 1, Part 1, Prehistory. CUP ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallard

Barbara Ehrenreich (1997). Blood Rites: Origins and History of the Passions of War. London, United Kingdom: Macmillan. ISBN 0- ... Volume 3. Berlin; Heidelberg; New York: Springer-Verlag. p. 1944. (PRINT: ISBN 978-3-540-32474-4 ONLINE: ISBN 978-3-540-33761-4 ... The minor excursion is a "stadial"; times between stadials are "interstadials". Each glacial advance tied up huge volumes of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic

Volume 1.. Also in: Timothy Snyder; Ray Brandon (2014). Stalin and Europe: Imitation and Domination, 1928-1953. Oxford ... "the fate of the Jews as a sort of blood bond to tie the civil and military leadership to the Nazi cause".[127] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Final_Solution

The second volume, Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years, 1963-65, was published in 1998. It covers such events as the ... Blood in the Water by Heather Ann Thompson (2017). *The Gulf by Jack E. Davis (2018) ... A one-volume summary of Branch's trilogy, The King Years: Historic Moments in the Civil Rights Movement was published by Simon ... The titles of the three volumes, Parting the Waters, Pillar of Fire, and At Canaan's Edge, were all drawn from aspects of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America_in_the_King_Years

Fillers are used to increase natural collagen production in the skin and to increase skin volume and decrease the depth of acne ... ductus arteriosus blood vessel.[47][150] Prolonged use of salicylic acid over significant areas of the skin or under occlusive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acne_vulgaris

eds.). Cochlear Blood Flow Changes With Short Sound Stimulation. Scientific basis of noise-induced hearing loss. New York ... When the volume of music is higher, these artifacts become more apparent, and because they are uncomfortable for the ear, cause ... At first glance, it would seem that reducing the noise and volume would be sufficient to reduce or prevent listening fatigue ... With the resultant oxygen tension and diminished blood supply reaching the outer hair cells, their response to sound levels is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listener_fatigue

Sometimes an underlying medical condition is sought, and this may include blood tests for full blood count and hematinics. If a ... Coulthard P, Horner K, Sloan P, Theaker E (2008). Master dentistry volume 1, oral and maxillofacial surgery, radiology, ... in persons with blood group O and in non-secretors of blood group antigens in saliva. Increased rates of Candida carriage are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_candidiasis

This can be very little blood (less blood than a normal menses.) It can be very much blood (much more than a normal menses.) ... Susan A. Cohen: Abortion and Women of Color: The Bigger Picture, Guttmacher Policy Review, Summer 2008, Volume 11, Number 3 ... The woman passes the fetus, along with the blood and tissue that have built up in the uterus, from her vagina.) ... But if it is less than 12 weeks old a woman may not see anything but blood. ...

https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion

Main article: Alcohol by volume. The concentration of alcohol in a beverage is usually stated as the percentage of alcohol by ... Alcohol laws regulate the manufacture, packaging, labelling, distribution, sale, consumption, blood alcohol content of motor ... In the United States, proof is twice the percentage of alcohol by volume at 60 degrees Fahrenheit (e.g. 80 proof = 40% ABV). ... These misperceptions are attributed to two perceptual biases: (1) Estimating that tall, slender glasses have more volume than ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage

a b c d e Demografia médica no Brasil: Volume 1 (Medical demography in Brazil: volume 1) http://portal.cfm.org.br/images/ ... In 1999, quality control of the transfused blood consisted of 26 coordinating centers and by 44 regional centers. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Brazil

... where the blood remains inside blood vessels. Octopuses have three hearts; a systemic heart that circulates blood round the ... Boyle, P. R. (2013). "Neural Control of Cephalopod Behavior". In Dennis Willows, A.O. The Mollusca, Volume 8: Neurobiology and ... This makes the blood very viscous and it requires considerable pressure to pump it round the body; octopuses' blood pressures ... The blood circulates through the aorta and capillary system, to the vena cavae, after which the blood is pumped through the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octopoda

As the body is unable to store fat correctly this leads to fat around all the vital organs and in the blood (triglycerides). ... 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. pp. 1541-2, 1543. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0. James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familial_partial_lipodystrophy

Sides, Blood and Thunder, p. 181. *^ William E. Connelley. A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans, Vol. I. Chicago: Lewis ... The Diary of David Zeisberger: A Moravian Missionary Among the Ohio Indians, Volume 1. Ulan Press, 2012. ASIN B00A6PBD82. ... Sides, Hampton, Blood and Thunder: An Epic of the American West, Doubleday (2006), pp. 77-80, 94, 101, hardcover, 462 pages, ... The Diary of David Zeisberger: A Moravian Missionary Among the Ohio Indians, Volume 2. Ulan Press, 2012. ASIN B009L4SVN4. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leni_Lenape

In:Translational Genomics for Crop Breeding: Volume 1", Biotic Stress, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: 241-265, doi:10.1002/ ... The antifreeze protein was found to inhibit ice recrystallization in the flounder blood, but had no effect when expressed in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_tomato

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"The Works of Jonathan Edwards, Volume Two". The Life And Diary of The Rev. David Brainerd. Calvin College: Christian Classics ... He was rumored to have discovered his disease when he coughed blood and fainted during the Ikedaya Affair. ...

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Pratik Talati, Swati Rane, Jack Skinner, John Gore, Stephan Heckers, Increased hippocampal blood volume and normal blood flow ... Anterior-posterior cerebral blood volume gradient in human subiculum. Authors. *. Pratik Talati,. Corresponding author. * ... imaging to investigate cerebral blood volume (CBV) gradients of the hippocampal formation. We studied 14 healthy subjects and ... Increased hippocampal CA1 cerebral blood volume in schizophrenia, NeuroImage: Clinical, 2014, 5, 359. CrossRef ...

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hipo.22257/full

Total blood volume, stressed and unstressed volume, and vascular compliance.. Blood volume was measured using indocyanine green ... The total blood volume consists of unstressed and stressed volumes. The unstressed volume fills the vasculature without ... The blood volume measured at euvolemia before the bleeding and rapid blood volume changes (bleeding, hypervolemia after ... Effect of PEEP (A) and acute alterations in blood volume (B) on venous return function. RA pressure and PA blood flow were ...

http://ajpheart.physiology.org/content/311/3/H794

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure frontal regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in a person whose brain was ... Changes in regional cerebral blood volume in frontal cortex during mental work with and without caffeine intake: functional ... The volume during the rest periods decreased as a result of caffeine-induced constriction of the cerebral arteriola. The volume ... "Changes in regional cerebral blood volume in frontal cortex during mental work with and without caffeine intake: functional ...

https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/journals/Journal-of-Biomedical-Optics/volume-9/issue-4/0000/Changes-in-regional-cerebral-blood-volume-in-frontal-cortex-during/10.1117/1.1755233.short

Blood volume b. Blood concentration of: 1. fluid balance ... Blood volume b. Blood concentration of: 1. fluid balance 2. ... Nerve Control of the Kidney  Sympathetic nervous system  Regulate blood pressure  Diameter of afferent and efferent ... Hematology AVS 350 L Functions of Blood 1. Transportation OXYGEN! NUTRIENTS CO2 and ... Electrolyte balance 3. Acid-base balance c. Excretes waste and toxins from the blood Urine Production Glomerulus Bowmans ...

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Antonyms for Blood volume. 76 synonyms for blood: lifeblood, gore, vital fluid, family, relations, birth, descent, extraction, ... ancestry, lineage, kinship, kindred, hostility, anger.... What are synonyms for Blood volume? ... Blood volume synonyms, Blood volume antonyms - FreeThesaurus.com https://www.freethesaurus.com/Blood+volume ... As part of the program, Cabrini will acquire a BVA-100 Blood Volume Analyzer to perform blood volume studies.. Daxor Announces ...

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The most important thing to remember when beginning to read Rebel Blood is that it is unequivocally not a zombie story. You ... Without spoiling the ending for those who havent read it, there are only a few things Id truly like to say about Rebel Blood ... The most important thing to remember when beginning to read Rebel Blood is that it is unequivocally not a zombie story. You ... Honestly, while enjoyable, the first two issues truly are a journey, and outside of a compilation volume, Im not sure I would ...

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Day G. Pulmonary Blood Volume in Health and Disease.. Arch Intern Med. 1969;124(2):259-260. doi:10.1001/archinte. ... revealed that the lungs on the desecrated sides were more congested with blood than those opposite. As the iodine could not ... Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock Income and Life Expectancy in the US JNC 8 Guideline for Management of High Blood ...

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Blood Volume. Br Med J 1964; 1 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.5374.6 (Published 04 January 1964) Cite this as: Br Med J ...

http://www.bmj.com/content/1/5374/6.1

When blood pressure is too low, it may be indicative of low blood volume, or other conditions. Increased blood volume can cause ... this process has an immediate impact upon blood volume.. The relationship between blood volume and blood pressure is an ... Blood Volume. As a general matter of health, optimum blood volume is essential to the proper function of the bodys ... The body regulates blood volume through the operation of the kidneys. When the kidneys determine that the blood volume is too ...

http://www.faqs.org/sports-science/Ba-Ca/Blood-Volume.html

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Prest, Thomas Preskett . Varney the vampire; or, The feast of blood. Volume 3 Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia ... Volume 3 VOLUME III *Chapter 132 CHAPTER CXXXII. *Chapter 133 CHAPTER CXXXIII. *Chapter 134 CHAPTER CXXIV. [Chapter 134] * ...

https://web.archive.org/web/20080913194517/http:/etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/PreVar3.html

... and a time-zero blood portion volume is automatically calculated from the determined blood portion volumes and time intervals. ... A blood portion volume corresponding to each time interval is automatically determined from the tracer level in the mixed ... A tracer is injected into the blood stream of a living being, and a plurality of mixed samples of blood and tracer are removed ... from the blood stream at a corresponding plurality of measured time intervals subsequent to the injecting step. ...

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Books of Blood: Volume Three (Books of Blood #3) by Clive Barker (Goodreads Author) Nikkus review Nov 07, 2009 ... Sign into Goodreads to see if any of your friends have read Books of Blood. ...

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In an e-Blood article, Verbij et al identify the site of glycosylation on plasma ADAMTS13 and determine the composition of the ... Blood (www.bloodjournal.org), the most cited peer-reviewed publication in the field of hematology, is available weekly in print ... Blood is the official journal of the American Society of Hematology (ASH) (www.hematology.org), the worlds largest ... WASHINGTON, November 24, 2016 - Welcome to "This Week in Blood," a weekly snapshot of the hottest studies from each weeks ...

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Download the app and start listening to The Books of Blood, Volume 2 today - Free with a 30 day Trial! Keep your audiobook ... Not as good as volume one, but still fantastic Where does The Books of Blood, Volume 2 rank among all the audiobooks youve ... books of blood volume 2 Good performance... wildly imaginative writing. i wish clive barker would do more like these three ... This first volume contains the short stories : The Book of Blood, The Midnight Meat Train, The Yattering and Jack, Sex, ...

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... and the high norepinephrine values observed in elderly smokers were not explained by changes in blood volume. Blood volume and ... It is well established that cardiac output depends on the level of the blood volume and decreases, for example, in response to ... Venous plasma noradrenaline increases with age: correlation to total blood volume and long-term smoking habits. Clin Physiol. ... we demonstrated that sympathetic activity was inversely related to the blood volume.3 Joyner et al1 demonstrated that muscle ...

http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/56/4/e41

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Assessment of volume state is difficult in hemodialysis patients. Whether continuous blood volume monitoring can improve the ... slopes of relative blood volume (RBV), RBV slope corrected for UFR and weight (volume index). ... Diagnostic utility of blood volume monitoring in hemodialysis patients.. Agarwal R1, Kelley K, Light RP. ... Volume excess was defined as values in the upper third of IVC diameter or lower third of IVC collapse on inspiration. Volume ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18215702?dopt=Abstract

... blood disorders - Answer: Well I did do some research and I chose the best sites for you to go to. ... ... Home › Q & A › Questions › How is blood volume tested?.... How is blood volume tested? And Q on Anemia with Syncope?. Asked. 1 ... I am interested in not only how the blood volume is tested, but in how low blood volume relates (or dosnt) to Anemia. I am ... When I asked my MD about blood volume he acted like it wouldnt be worthwhile to have it tested, but as usual- I find myself ...

https://www.drugs.com/answers/how-is-blood-volume-tested-and-q-on-anemia-with-191499.html

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Total exchangeable sodium and blood volume were measured in 126 diabetic patients without renal or heart failure, in 52 ... Blood volume (BV) was normal or sometimes slightly low in the diabetics with normal or high blood pressure and in essential ... Body sodium-blood volume state in nonazotemic diabetes mellitus Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1982 Jan;7(1):36-47. ... Total exchangeable sodium and blood volume were measured in 126 diabetic patients without renal or heart failure, in 52 ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7169975/?dopt=Abstract

Central Blood Volume in Hypotensive Dialysis Patients. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility ... Registration of Central Blood Volume in Hypotensive Dialysis Patients - a Comparison of Thoracic Impedance and Central Venous ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00257504

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Volume 4, Number 3-September 1998 THEME ISSUE ICEID 1998 The Global Threat. Blood Safety On This Page ... The blood supply in industrialized countries is safer than ever. However, blood (a human tissue) is a natural vehicle for ... The parasite survives blood-banking conditions and is transmissible by transfusion of red blood cells and platelet concentrates ... Movement of transfusable blood and blood components between countries is relatively uncommon. However, infectious agents can ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/4/3/98-0317_article

Each patient contributed to the 5-μl sample plus two other sample volumes. The 5-μl volume, which is the usual volume required ... The Effect of Blood Sample Volume on 11 Glucose Monitoring Systems. Zeina Yared, Khaled Aljaberi, Nancy Renouf, Jean-François ... The Effect of Blood Sample Volume on 11 Glucose Monitoring Systems. Zeina Yared, Khaled Aljaberi, Nancy Renouf, Jean-François ... The Effect of Blood Sample Volume on 11 Glucose Monitoring Systems Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from ...

https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/28/7/1836

The blood volume of an adult amounts approximately to 1/12 of the total body weight (e.g. 70 kg adult: 5-6 l blood). ... Blood Volume Substitution. The human body contains 50-60% water mainly in tissues and cells (e.g. a 70 kg adult carries 35-40 l ... Major losses of blood volume and body fluid (e.g. due to surgery or traumatic injuries) should be corrected immediately by ... blood volume substitutes (hydroxyethyl starch) and/or electrolytes to avoid organ malperfusion secondary to hypovolemia. ...

https://www.fresenius-kabi.com/in/products/blood-volume-substitution

... reduction in cardiac output might be related more to the relocation of blood volume than to the absolute degree of blood volume ... Effect of hemodialysis on blood volume distribution and cardiac output.. M Chaignon, W T Chen, R C Tarazi, E L Bravo, S ... Effect of hemodialysis on blood volume distribution and cardiac output.. M Chaignon, W T Chen, R C Tarazi, E L Bravo and S ... Effect of hemodialysis on blood volume distribution and cardiac output.. M Chaignon, W T Chen, R C Tarazi, E L Bravo and S ...

http://hyper.ahajournals.org/content/3/3/327

Contracted plasma and blood volume in chronic heart failure. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android ... Plasma volume (PV) and blood volume (BV) were measured in 12 patients (62.8 +/- 8.2 years old, 175.2 +/- 6.8 cm, 96.2 +/- 18.2 ... METHODS: Plasma volume (PV) and blood volume (BV) were measured in 12 patients (62.8 +/- 8.2 years old, 175.2 +/- 6.8 cm, 96.2 ... AgedBlood VolumeCardiovascular AgentsExercise TestHeart FailureHematocritHemoglobinometryHumansMaleVentricular Function, Left ...

https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/10636258/Contracted_plasma_and_blood_volume_in_chronic_heart_failure_

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Cardiac Volume. The volume of the HEART, usually relating to the volume of BLOOD contained within it at various periods of the ... The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated ... Blood Volume Determination. Method for determining the circulating blood volume by introducing a known quantity of foreign ... Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME. ...

https://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/1896108/Principles-around-accurate-blood-volume-collection-using-capillary-action.html

To test the notion of whether volume overload is associated with a unique blood pressure (BP) s ... Although volume excess causes hypertension, whether it also affects circadian patterns of arterial pressures among hemodialysis ... Blood Flow Velocity. Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory / methods*. Blood Volume / physiology*. Female. Humans. Hypertension ... To test the notion of whether volume overload is associated with a unique blood pressure (BP) "signature," a posthoc analysis ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Volume-associated-ambulatory-blood-pressure/19528362.html

... feature in conjunction with Daxors blood volume analyzer (BVA-100). Monitor blood volume changes during UF therapy as a ... A Feasibility Study on Ultrafiltration and Blood Volume Measurements. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ... 2. Evaluate if changes in blood volume, as measured by BVA, correlate with changes in HCT as measured by the device embedded in ... 3. Evaluate the temporal relationship between changes in blood volume, as measured by BVA , and changes in clinical signs and ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04241718

Pulmonary Blood Volume in Health and Disease. (jamanetwork.com)

Although the instrument calibrated properly in all cases, in some instances obtaining the cerebral oxygenation and blood volume measurements was difficult once the test was initiated. (freethesaurus.com)

The controlled comparisons of hematocrits, blood volumes per spot, and filter-paper serum-absorption volumes showed, in all cases, that analyte recovery per DBS disk was lower for the conditions used in the preparation of EWS-Phe-01 than from those used in the preparation of AARM. (freethesaurus.com)

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure frontal regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in a person whose brain was under the influence of pharmacological agents while the person was performing a complex task. (spiedigitallibrary.org)

Blood concentration of: 1. (coursehero.com)

The objective of this feasibility study is to characterize the performance of CHF Solutions' ultrafiltration system, the Aquadex FlexFlow® System with the hematocrit (HCT) feature in conjunction with Daxor's blood volume analyzer (BVA-100). (clinicaltrials.gov)
We believe that the BVA-100 Blood Volume Analyzer has the potential to transform therapy in a broad range of surgical and medical conditions. (yahoo.com)
Deerfield Beach, FL -- ( SBWIRE ) -- 03/15/2017 -- The market research report by QY Research provides detailed study on the overall Automatic Blood Grouping Analyzer market size, its financial positions, its unique selling points, key products, and key developments. (sbwire.com)
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Thus, the report provides in-depth information of the Automatic Blood Grouping Analyzer market in terms of revenue, value, volume, region, and many more. (sbwire.com)
This high degree of concordance is strong evidence that the blood volume analyzer can provide accurate measurements in situations where a microscopic dose might be sufficient. (globenewswire.com)
Daxor Corporation is an investment company with medical instrumentation and biotechnology operations which manufactures the BVA-100, the only FDA approved semi-automated blood volume analyzer. (globenewswire.com)
Waltham, MA - Nova Biomedical announces the addition of a key new test to its Stat Profile Prime Plus critical care analyzer-the ability to calculate and report estimated plasma volume (ePV), a very important test for critically ill patients but one that has been very difficult to obtain. (novabiomedical.com)
The Stat Profile Prime Plus analyzer has both measured hemoglobin and measured hematocrit (along with blood gases, electrolytes, metabolites, and co-oximetry), and is uniquely capable of reporting ePV using the Strauss equation. (novabiomedical.com)
DXR ), a medical instrumentation and biotechnology company, today announced that Fresno Heart and Surgical Hospital in Fresno, California has purchased a Blood Volume Analyzer (BVA-100) to assist with the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure patients. (marketwired.com)
Daxor's Blood Volume Analyzer is already in use at Fresno's Heart and Surgical Hospital in an effort to provide state-of-the-art care for patients suffering from heart failure. (marketwired.com)
Other leading medical institutions that have purchased the Blood Volume Analyzer BVA-100 include the National Institutes of Health, the Mayo Clinic, the Cleveland Clinic, NYU Medical Center, the North Shore Long Island Jewish Hospital and the Queens Medical Center of Hawaii. (marketwired.com)
Daxor Corporation manufactures and markets the BVA-100, the only FDA approved semi-automated Blood Volume Analyzer. (marketwired.com)
For more information regarding Daxor Corporation's Blood Volume Analyzer BVA-100, visit Daxor's website www.Daxor.com . (marketwired.com)

Cerebral blood volume measurements and proton MR spectroscopy in grading of oligodendroglial tumors. (nih.gov)
Intratumoral relative cerebral blood volume ratio was calculated and normalized to the same value in contralateral normal-appearing white matter. (nih.gov)
Relative cerebral blood volume ratios were significantly different (p = 0.004) between low-grade (1.61 +/- 1.20) and high-grade tumors (5.45 +/- 1.96). (nih.gov)
The optimal relative cerebral blood volume ratio cutoff value in identification of anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors was 2.14. (nih.gov)
Potential of MR methods for measuring cerebral blood volume. (ajnr.org)
Background and Purpose- The volume of T2-hyperintense white matter (HWM) is an important neuroimaging marker of cerebral integrity with a demonstrated high heritability. (ahajournals.org)
The volume of T2-hyperintense white matter (HWM) lesions 1 is an important neuroimaging marker of cerebral integrity with a large (55% to 73%) proportion of its intersubject variability attributed to genetic factors. (ahajournals.org)
2-5 Increases in HWM volume are correlated with a decline in cerebral blood flow, 6 glucose metabolism, 7 and cognition. (ahajournals.org)
Structural changes of the blood vessels in hypertension in relation to connective tissue, cerebral vessel structure and innervation, smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia, and rarefaction of microvessels are discussed. (abebooks.com)
Cerebral blood volume (CBV) is an important parameter in estimating the viability of brain tissue following an ischemic event. (ajnr.org)
The ability to measure cerebral blood volume (CBV) in an angiographic suite where it is possible to use immediately all available therapeutic techniques might, simply by saving time from initial assessment to intervention, add value to the management of patients with ischemic strokes. (ajnr.org)
11 - 13 Although currently available C-arm CT lacks the temporal resolution to assess cerebral blood flow (CBF) or mean transit time, it does provide spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity that should be adequate to measure levels of blood in brain parenchyma (ie, CBV). (ajnr.org)
Cerebral blood flow measurements and electroencephalograms during carotid endarterectomy. (thejns.org)
Cerebral blood flow me. (thejns.org)
Ninety-three endarterectomies for carotid stenosis were monitored with cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements, and 113 with both CBF measurements and a continuous electroencephalogram (EEG). (thejns.org)
Effect of hypervolemic therapy on cerebral blood flow after subarachnoid hemorrhage : a randomized controlled trial. (semanticscholar.org)

3. The method of claim 1 wherein prior to step (D) the blood volume/time interval data is analyzed for general agreement, and any such data not in general agreement with the remainder of such data is disregarded in the determination of the time-zero blood volume. (google.ca)
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said determination of a time-zero blood volume is made in real time. (google.ca)
Distribution of extracellular fluid loss from hemodialysis differed widely among patients, so that weight change correlated weakly with contraction of total blood volume (index of determination 29%, p less than 0.05). (ahajournals.org)
One study, "Reducing Blood Sampling for Circulating Blood Volume Determination: A Pilot Feasibility," showed a 97% agreement in critically-ill cohorts whose blood volumes were compared using one blood draw versus five blood draws. (yahoo.com)
automatically infusing an infusion solution into the patient in response to the determination of a low blood volume, and automatically adjusting the infusion to maintain the monitored condition at a predetermined value. (google.com)
Background: Determination of the intra vascular volume status of a critically ill surgical patient is paramount for appropriate fluid and cardiovascular management. (ebscohost.com)

It is well established that cardiac output depends on the level of the blood volume and decreases, for example, in response to volume changes in the standing-up position. (ahajournals.org)
It is, therefore, likely that the interrelationship observed between cardiac output and sympathetic activity is at least in part explained by variations in the level of blood volume between different subjects. (ahajournals.org)
Effect of hemodialysis on blood volume distribution and cardiac output. (ahajournals.org)
Effects of hemodialysis on extracellular fluid volume distribution, left ventricular volumes, and cardiac output were determined in patients with end-stage renal disease (n = 19). (ahajournals.org)
There results suggest that, although intravascular volume was the major determinant of cardiac output in dialyzed patients, the postdialysis reduction in cardiac output might be related more to the relocation of blood volume than to the absolute degree of blood volume contraction. (ahajournals.org)
The contracted PV and BV may contribute to exercise intolerance, shortness of breath and chronic fatigue, secondary to reduced cardiac output or regional blood flow, or both. (unboundmedicine.com)

Venous plasma noradrenaline increases with age: correlation to total blood volume and long-term smoking habits. (ahajournals.org)
Venous blood collected from 16 fasting patients with diabetes was used to test each meter brand in triplicate. (diabetesjournals.org)
compared blood volume analysis to conventional indices of euvolemia (BP, heart rate, urinary output) and/or endpoints of resuscitation (clearance of lactate, minimal/no vasopressors, or mixed venous oxygen saturation) to determine if euvolemia is achieved after multiple blood transfusions. (yahoo.com)
In a second series of experiments, splenic arterial and venous blood flows were simultaneously measured in anesthetized rats infused with LPS (150 μg ⋅ kg −1 ⋅ h −1 ). (physiology.org)
In a second series of experiments ( Study B ), the effect of LPS on fluid extravasation was investigated by simultaneously measuring splenic arterial and venous blood flows in anesthetized rats infused with the same low dose of LPS. (physiology.org)
Peripheral blood flow was measured in the supine position by venous occlusion strain-gauge plethysmography of the forearm and calf to subgroup patients. (physiology.org)
We studied the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and blood volume on venous return and MSFP in pigs. (physiology.org)
Determining the Minimum Discard Volume for Central Venous Catheter Blood Draws. (ebscohost.com)
This study aimed to determine the minimum discard volume from central venous catheters (CVCs) to avoid dilution or contamination from flush or IV fluids. (ebscohost.com)
2. With immersion, there were significant increases in blood pressure, central venous pressure, urine flow, sodium excretion, potassium excretion, glomerular filtration rate, percentage of filtered sodium excreted and free water clearance. (clinsci.org)
Although blood pressure and central venous pressure initially increased during the first immersion period, heart rate continued to increase with the immersion, while blood pressure and central venous pressure remained constant. (clinsci.org)
Volume expansion caused an increase in central venous pressure, urine flow, sodium and potassium excretion, osmolar clearance, free water clearance, percentage of filtered sodium excreted and glomerular filtration rate. (clinsci.org)

Nexfin beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure monitoring enables continuous assessment of hemodynamic indices like cardiac index (CI), pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume variation (SVV) in the perioperative setting. (springer.com)
Hemodynamic parameters included arterial blood pressure (MAP), CI, PPV and SVV. (springer.com)
Pathophysiology studies have shown that the regional, ependymal, and subcortical HWM lesions are associated with elevated arterial pulse pressure and arterial blood pressure (BP), respectively. (ahajournals.org)

FRANKLIN LAKES, N.J. and AUSTIN, Texas , Feb. 12, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- BD (Becton, Dickinson and Company) (NYSE: BDX), a leading global medical technology company and Babson Diagnostics, a transformative diagnostic blood testing company, today announced a long-term strategic partnership agreement to bring laboratory-quality, small-volume blood collection to retail pharmacies. (yahoo.com)

In renal physiology, reabsorption or tubular reabsorption is the process by which the nephron removes water and solutes from the tubular fluid (pre-urine) and returns them to the circulating blood. (wikipedia.org)

Frequent blood sampling for laboratory testing can be an unnecessary source of blood loss in the critically ill oncology patient. (ebscohost.com)

Volume index appears to be a novel marker of volume, but requires validation studies, and its utility needs to be tested in clinical trials. (nih.gov)
The researchers concluded that "conventional clinical parameters of intravascular volume status and resuscitation completion may not accurately reflect intravascular volume, as determined by blood volume analysis. (yahoo.com)
Many clinical parameters have been utilized to estimate intravascular volume but none are precise indicators of circulating blood. (ebscohost.com)
eg, home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) and ambulatory blood monitoring (ABPM) may be more strongly associated to clinical outcomes. (renalandurologynews.com)

Bloody stools, Anemia, Blood transfusions? (drugs.com)
The normalized Hct has the potential for more accurate diagnosis of anemia and more informed fluid management thus reducing the risks and costs associated with unnecessary blood transfusions," said Michael Feldschuh, CEO of Daxor Corporation. (yahoo.com)

Greater amounts of oxygen are required to be transported by the red blood cells, along with greater demands internally for fluid, due to increased needs to cool the body through sweating. (faqs.org)
Major losses of blood volume and body fluid (e.g. due to surgery or traumatic injuries) should be corrected immediately by administrating infusion solutions, e.g. blood volume substitutes (hydroxyethyl starch) and/or electrolytes to avoid organ malperfusion secondary to hypovolemia. (fresenius-kabi.com)
Monitor blood volume changes during UF therapy as a potential mean to guide the removal of fluid in subjects hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). (clinicaltrials.gov)
This paper presents a lumped-parameter model that can reproduce blood volume response to fluid infusion. (frontiersin.org)
The model is characterized by only three parameters: the target volume ratio, feedback gain (specifying the speed of fluid shift), and initial blood volume. (frontiersin.org)
This model can obviate the need to incorporate complex mechanisms involved in the fluid shift in reproducing blood volume response to fluid infusion. (frontiersin.org)
The ability of the model to reproduce real-world blood volume response to fluid infusion was evaluated by fitting it to a series of data reported in the literature. (frontiersin.org)
It was concluded that this simple model may accurately reproduce a variety of blood volume responses to fluid infusion throughout different physiological states by fitting three parameters to a given dataset. (frontiersin.org)
This offers a tool that can quantify the fluid shift in a dataset given the measured fractional blood volumes. (frontiersin.org)
These new data further substantiate that the BVA-100 is the most accurate means to establish blood volume, and helps guide physicians to effectively determine treatment options to manage fluid derangements and improve patient outcomes," said Michael Feldschuh, CEO of Daxor Corporation. (yahoo.com)
We conclude that during endotoxemia the initial fall in circulating blood volume may be attributed to fluid extravasation from the splenic vasculature. (physiology.org)
We have previously reported that the spleen may influence blood volume by controlling the efflux of protein-rich fluid from the intravascular compartment into the lymphatic system ( 6 , 23 , 24 ). (physiology.org)
We reasoned that if fluid extravasation from the splenic circulation does indeed contribute to the loss of fluid from the blood, splenectomy should reduce or prevent the hemoconcentration customarily observed after administration of LPS ( 7 , 34 ). (physiology.org)
11 The amplitude of the pulsatile cerebrospinal fluid movements is linked to the pulse pressure (PP), the difference among arterial, systolic blood pressure (SBP)m and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). (ahajournals.org)
Plasma volume is the amount of intravascular fluid minus red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. (novabiomedical.com)

ExNa averaged 108% in the 63 diabetics with normal blood pressure, 111% in the 63 hypertensive diabetics and 99% in essential hypertension. (nih.gov)
Blood volume (BV) was normal or sometimes slightly low in the diabetics with normal or high blood pressure and in essential hypertension. (nih.gov)
Items related to Blood Vessel Changes in Hypertension Structure and. (abebooks.com)
Written by established researchers, this two-volume publication provides timely, comprehensive and insightful reviews on recent discoveries in the etiology of hypertension. (abebooks.com)
This book is of major interest to researchers involved in the study of hypertension and the biology of the blood vessels. (abebooks.com)

There also was no change in plasma volume, i.e., splenectomy prevented the hypotension and hemoconcentration customarily induced by LPS. (physiology.org)
A prominent feature of septic shock is the severe and intractable hypotension coupled with a primary reduction in circulating blood volume, which leads ultimately to circulatory collapse. (physiology.org)
The secondary objective is to study the impact of dysfunction in the mechanisms of compensation for decreased blood volume (heart disease, neuropathy, drugs) on the risk of intradialytic hypotension. (centerwatch.com)

This process is crucial for many biological structures, such as blood vessels, to develop correctly, and is also a key part of our senses of touch and hearing. (elifesciences.org)
Red blood cells experience significant forces when they pass through narrow blood vessels. (elifesciences.org)
Four weeks after surgery, mice were perfused with silicone and the distribution of intraosseous blood vessels analyzed by μCT. (springer.com)

Co-Creators & Writers Michael R. Martin & Adam Orndorf give a fresh infusion of blood into the vampire genre with the Glenny Family. (firstcomicsnews.com)
BLOOD+DUST: VOLUME 1 Writer(s): Michael R. Martin & Adam Orndorf Artist Name(s): Roy Allan Martinez Cover Artist(s): Roy Allan Martinez Co-Creators & Writers Michael R. Martin & Adam Orndorf give a fresh infusion of blood into the vampire genre with the Glenny Family. (firstcomicsnews.com)
We determined therefore to investigate the effect of splenectomy on the changes in plasma volume and mean arterial pressure (MAP) induced by infusion of LPS ( 8 , 10 ). (physiology.org)

The relationship between blood volume and blood pressure is an important one. (faqs.org)
The circulatory system, the interconnected series of arteries, veins, and capillaries through which blood flows in the body, has a number of internal mechanisms by which blood pressure is controlled. (faqs.org)
When blood pressure is too great, the heart is required to work harder than is desirable, among other effects. (faqs.org)
When blood pressure is too low, it may be indicative of low blood volume, or other conditions. (faqs.org)
Increased blood volume can cause a corresponding high blood pressure. (faqs.org)
BV was unrelated to blood pressure. (nih.gov)
11 , 17 , 18 DCC resulted in higher blood pressure and improved blood glucose homeostasis for preterm infants soon after birth, 19 and DCC may also reduce intraventricular hemorrhage among preterm infants. (aappublications.org)
The well-known physiological responses to apnea diving, i.e., bradycardia and increased blood pressure, were observed in A1 and remained unchanged throughout the following apneas. (biomedsearch.com)
The use of water in a closed constant volume container or capsule counterbalances at every point the pressure exerted by the body such that distortion of body tissues under ac- CONTROLLING THE VOLUlViE celerative stresses is greatly minimized, while the mechal 'cally supplies pressurized air between preselected limits to the lungs of the subject, so that :the pressure supplied to the lungs offsets the hydrostatic pressure of the vascular system. (google.es)
While blood circulation in the body is also improved by this means, a positive mechanism for aiding circulation is provided in the instant invention by directly varying the pressure of the water at the circulatory rate. (google.es)
Controlling blood pressure and cholesterol are also important factors. (calculatorpro.com)
If you experience symptoms such as fainting, fatigue or a change in blood pressure or urine output, talk to your doctor. (calculatorpro.com)
The Q IVC nadir was lowest after bleeding [36% (SD 24%) of preinspiratory hold at 15 cmH 2 O inspiratory pressure], and the Q IVC recovery was most complete at the lowest inspiratory pressures independent of volume state [range from 80% (SD 7%) after bleeding to 103% (SD 8%) at PEEP 10 cmH 2 O of Q IVC before inspiratory hold]. (physiology.org)
Medwave Inc. has announced that researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital of Boston have presented the results of their study on the use of a radial artery compression device for non-invasive, near continuous blood pressure monitoring in the emergency department. (ebscohost.com)
Avoidance of large interdialytic weight gains and control of ECFV facilitate blood pressure control. (renalandurologynews.com)
Ultrafiltration is an effective way to achieve EDW and lower blood pressure. (renalandurologynews.com)
Renin-angiotensin system: The kidneys sense low blood pressure. (wikipedia.org)
As blood volume increases, pressure also increases. (wikipedia.org)

The effect of variable blood sample volume on the accuracy of 11 glucose meters was studied to verify the reliability of self-monitoring of blood glucose. (diabetesjournals.org)
Chen ET, Nichols JH, Show-Hong D, Hortin G: Performance evaluation of blood glucose monitoring devices. (diabetesjournals.org)
Trajanoski Z, Brunner GA, Gfrerer RJ, Wach P, Pieber TR: Accuracy of home blood glucose meters during hypoglycemia. (diabetesjournals.org)
With the addition of ePV, Prime Plus now helps clinicians assess patient intravascular volume, acid base balance, blood oxygenation, oxygen carrying capacity of blood, tissue hypoxia, electrolyte balance, kidney function, and glucose control in one minute from two drops of blood. (novabiomedical.com)
A review of the literature on the subject of blood volume changes following intravenous injections of hypertonic glucose solutions shows that the majority of investigators demonstrated an increase in the volume 12456 . (annals.org)
Two writers state that there is no change in the blood volume following glucose injections 37 . (annals.org)

As a general matter of health, optimum blood volume is essential to the proper function of the body's cardiopulmonary and circulatory systems. (faqs.org)
This calculator will help you get a general idea of how much blood is in your circulatory system. (calculatorpro.com)
Mammalian red blood cells (RBCs) are rather unique in that they lack a nucleus and many organelles and that they traverse the circulatory system several hundred thousand times in their life cycle. (elifesciences.org)

Ultrafiltration rate (UFR) divided by postdialysis weight (UFR index), slopes of relative blood volume (RBV), RBV slope corrected for UFR and weight (volume index). (nih.gov)
Mean volume index was -0.25% +/- 0.17%/h/mL/h ultrafiltration/kg. (nih.gov)

Blood is a significant mass within the body, with an average volume for an adult of 51. (faqs.org)
For an elite-level endurance athlete, the blood volume may be 30% greater than that of the average adult. (faqs.org)
The blood volume of an adult amounts approximately to 1/12 of the total body weight (e.g. 70 kg adult: 5-6 l blood). (fresenius-kabi.com)
This amount is slightly more than one ounce of blood and is an insignificant loss of blood for an adult. (globenewswire.com)

The legitimate increases in the blood volume of an endurance athlete will be the result of determined and focused training. (faqs.org)
The formation of rouleaux increases the effective volume of erythrocytes as a result of (i) the increase in axial ratio and (ii) the limitation of deformation of individual erythrocytes. (sciencemag.org)

Immediate clamping of the umbilical cord for animals (foals, infant rabbits/bunnies, and puppies) causes an approximately 30% to 50% reduction in the newborn animals' blood volume, compared with the prenatal fetoplacental blood volume, 1 as well as a pulmonary syndrome resembling respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). (aappublications.org)
The researchers concluded that "reducing blood sampling in BV analysis will result in more rapid reporting of test results with a corresponding reduction in the quantity of blood sampled, technician time and costs and this may further serve to increase the availability of this technology to more ICU's. (yahoo.com)

Processed blood volume (PBV) required to obtain a predefined number of stem cells can be estimated from peripheral blood CD34+ cell concentration, body weight, and collection efficiency (CE). (bioportfolio.com)
Peripheral blood has obvious advantages for biomarker discovery due to its non-invasive collection and availability. (mdpi.com)
A number of studies have demonstrated that transcriptomic changes in peripheral blood can serve as biomarkers of exposure to xenobiotics or as biomarkers for pathological changes occurring in other tissues [ 5 - 8 ]. (mdpi.com)

Dialysis-related symptoms and echocardiographic signs of volume excess and volume depletion, assessed by using inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter after dialysis and its collapse on inspiration. (nih.gov)

Plasma, composed of 90% water, is the liquid that transports various types of dissolved particles as well as blood cells. (faqs.org)
As blood, through plasma, is 90% water, this process has an immediate impact upon blood volume. (faqs.org)
A related class of pharmaceuticals, known as plasma expanders, also achieved the goal of greater blood volume. (faqs.org)
D) providing as input to such means plasma portions of the mixed samples, the hematocrits, and the time intervals and causing said means to automatically calculate the time-zero blood volume. (google.ca)
In an e-Blood article, Verbij et al identify the site of glycosylation on plasma ADAMTS13 and determine the composition of the glycan structure at these sites. (bloodjournal.org)
As an interim measure, the Food and Drug Administration has recommended that donors at increased risk for HIV-1 group O on the basis of residence and risk exposure be deferred from donating blood or plasma. (cdc.gov)
If i collect 5 ml whole blood, how much serum/plasma i will get? (protocol-online.org)
The study showed a statistically significant mean bias between the two parameters and the researchers concluded that "the normalized Hct may be a better indicator of RBCV compared to the Hct, as it takes into account deviations in plasma volume. (yahoo.com)
Blood Volume Analysis: The use of radioactive tracer to determine plasma volume and red cell mass. (clinicaltrials.gov)
15 mls of blood will be drawn to assay for plasma analytes including but not limited to MMPs, TIMPs and collagen propeptides. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Although decreased plasma volume has been demonstrated with induction of septic shock, the role that the spleen might play has been ignored. (physiology.org)
Blood volume is a basic measure of the total volume of blood in your body, which includes red blood cells and plasma. (calculatorpro.com)
The plasma volume status of a patient is one of the top priorities in evaluating and treating many different conditions including, shock, sepsis, congestive heart failure, acute or chronic kidney disease, chronic pulmonary disease, as well as general postoperative care. (novabiomedical.com)
ePV seems to be most beneficial when it is measured serially, and thus the change in plasma volume (∆PV) can be gauged. (novabiomedical.com)
2. Dill, D.B. and D.L. Costill, Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. (novabiomedical.com)
Prognostic Value of Estimated Plasma Volume in Heart Failure. (novabiomedical.com)
Long‐term Prognostic Value of Estimated Plasma Volume in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. (novabiomedical.com)
7. Marawan, A. and R. Qayyum, Estimated plasma volume and mortality: analysis from NHANES 1999‐2014. (novabiomedical.com)
Increase interval training intensity improves plasma volume variations and aerobic performances in response to intermittent exercise. (annals.org)
There was no statistically significant difference between parasited and non-parasited specimens regarding total plasma protein, packed cell volume and body weight, which strongly suggests that these specimens might be parasite reservoirs. (scielo.br)
This work focused on the presence of blood parasites in blood smears of small wild mammals from tropical mountain ranges, regarding the packed cell volume (PCV), the total plasma protein (TPP) and the body weight, determining a possible epidemiological link of important blood parasitoses in domestic and wild animals and men. (scielo.br)

Calculate your blood volume using Nadler's formula. (wolframalpha.com)
Users of the BVA-100 currently have the option to calculate a multi-point blood volume using as few as three points, for those who want to shorten the time needed to get a result versus five samples. (yahoo.com)
To calculate the number of analytical tests and blood volume drawn during the first 24 h of admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). (elsevier.es)

In the present study, we examined intraosseous blood vessel parameters of the tibial metaphysis in mice using microcomputed tomography (µCT) to investigate the relationship between post-nerve-injury osteoporosis and local intraosseous blood vessel volume and number. (springer.com)
The SCI group showed significantly reduced tibial metaphysis bone density, μCT bone microstructure, tibial biomechanical properties, indicators of angiogenesis, and intraosseous blood vessel parameters compared to the NX group. (springer.com)

Its goal is to enable retail pharmacies to offer laboratory-quality diagnostic testing through Babson Diagnostics' service by combining BD's innovative capillary blood collection device in development with Babson Diagnostics' proprietary automated sample handling and analytical technologies, which are also in development. (yahoo.com)
Pulmonary capillary blood (.ovrhdot.Qc) computed by the MPZF technique was significantly larger (11%) than .ovrhdot.Qc computed by the ETDS technique. (eurekamag.com)

A rapid decrease in spleen volume ( approximately 20% in both apnea divers and intact persons) was mainly completed throughout the first apnea. (biomedsearch.com)

P = 0.05) of blood for infected subjects. (asm.org)

A study of blood parasites in small wild non-flying mammals was undertaken in three areas of the Atlantic Forest in Southeastern Brazil: Serra de Itatiaia, RJ, Serra da Bocaina, SP and Serra da Fartura, SP, from June 1999 to May 2001. (scielo.br)

The latest anthology film to come across my desk is called Volumes Of Blood , and it has a fairly original setup to get it started: Four college students meet in a library to discuss their original ideas for creating their own "Urban Legends" - and each of their stories is a segment of the film. (horrornews.net)
Blood Moon Pictures is prepping the third in the VOLUMES OF BLOOD anthology-film series, and already has an ensemble of actors signed. (rue-morgue.com)

Furthermore, the spinal cord-injured mice exhibited significantly decreased intraosseous blood vessel volume and number during the development of osteoporosis. (springer.com)
In conclusion, these data suggest that decreased intraosseous blood vessel volume and number may play an important role in the development of post-nerve-injury osteoporosis. (springer.com)

stroke volume (SV) decreased from 108 +/- 36 to 86 +/- 33 ml (p less than 0.001) without change in ejection fraction (from 0.73 +/- 0.09 to 0.74 +/- 0.11). (ahajournals.org)

Whether continuous blood volume monitoring can improve the assessment of volume state is unclear. (nih.gov)

When the kidneys determine that the blood volume is too high, water and sodium are excreted into the urine. (faqs.org)
The greater the level of sodium remaining in the body, the greater the amount of water that will be retained by the body, which has the effect of maintaining blood volumes. (faqs.org)
This happens as a result of sodium transport from the lumen into the blood by the Na+/K+ATPase in the basolateral membrane of the epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)

The blood volume was significantly increased by DCC for infants delivered vaginally. (aappublications.org)

Volume excess was defined as values in the upper third of IVC diameter or lower third of IVC collapse on inspiration. (nih.gov)
RBV and volume index, but not UFR index, were related to echocardiographic markers of volume excess and depletion. (nih.gov)
Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve to predict volume excess were 0.48 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33 to 0.63) for UFR index, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.83) for RBV slope, and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.59 to 0.86) for volume index. (nih.gov)

Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve to predict volume depletion were 0.56 (95% CI, 0.38 to 0.74) for UFR index, 0.55 (95% CI, 0.38 to 0.72) for RBV slope, and 0.62 (95% CI, 0.48 to 0.76) for volume index. (nih.gov)
Various types of anti-blackout instrumentalities existing in the prior art are instrumental in mitigating with varying degrees of facility the depletion of .blood ilow prevent anemia of the retina, or blackout during periods in which the subject of pilot is being subjected to centrifugal accelerations, such as those experienced in the dive maneuvers of an aircraft. (google.es)

A multi-point method of determining a time-zero blood volume by the tracer dilution technique. (google.ca)

A tracer is injected into the blood stream of a living being, and a plurality of mixed samples of blood and tracer are removed from the blood stream at a corresponding plurality of measured time intervals subsequent. (google.ca)
A tracer is injected into the blood stream of a living being, and a plurality of mixed samples of blood and tracer are removed from the blood stream at a corresponding plurality of measured time intervals subsequent to the injecting step. (google.ca)
A blood portion volume corresponding to each time interval is automatically determined from the tracer level in the mixed samples, and a time-zero blood portion volume is automatically calculated from the determined blood portion volumes and time intervals. (google.ca)

Anatomy16

Organisms2

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment58

Phenomena and Processes47

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science5

Health Care6

Reduction in baroreflex cardiovascular responses due to venous infusion in the rabbit. (1/1976)

Quantification of baroreceptor influence on arterial pressure changes seen in primary angiotension-induced hypertension in dogs. (2/1976)

Myocardial oxygenation during high work states in hearts with postinfarction remodeling. (3/1976)

Increased orthostatic tolerance following moderate exercise training in patients with unexplained syncope. (4/1976)

Stroke volume decline during prolonged exercise is influenced by the increase in heart rate. (5/1976)

Effect of acute normovolemic hemodilution on distribution of blood flow and tissue oxygenation in dog skeletal muscle. (6/1976)

Breathing responses to small inspiratory threshold loads in humans. (7/1976)

Efficacy of recombinant human Hb by 31P-NMR during isovolemic total exchange transfusion. (8/1976)

Blood Volume

Plasma Volume

Hypovolemia

Erythrocyte Volume

Cerebrovascular Circulation

Hematocrit

Plasma Substitutes

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Hemodynamics

Stroke Volume

Fluid Shifts

Lung Volume Measurements

Regional Blood Flow

Cardiac Output

Blood Pressure

Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity

Brain

Hemorrhage

Hemodilution

Blood Circulation

Dye Dilution Technique

Contrast Media

Blood Flow Velocity

Hemoglobins

Isotonic Solutions

Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives

Oxygen

Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared

Shock, Hemorrhagic

Reproducibility of Results

Perfusion Imaging

Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

Indocyanine Green

Pulmonary Circulation

Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Time Factors

Blood Volume Determination

Dogs

Oxygen Radioisotopes

Vascular Capacitance

Gadolinium DTPA

Oxygen Consumption

Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Tomography, Emission-Computed

Hypotension

Fluid Therapy

Heart Rate

Thorax

Microcirculation

Vascular Resistance

Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood

Brain Neoplasms

Plethysmography

Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted

Polygeline

Carbon Dioxide

Sensitivity and Specificity

Image Enhancement

Splanchnic Circulation

Imaging, Three-Dimensional

Central Venous Pressure

Organ Size

Water-Electrolyte Balance

Indicator Dilution Techniques

Forced Expiratory Volume

Acetazolamide

Liver Circulation

Reference Values

Diuresis

Posture

Technetium

Coloring Agents

Brain Ischemia

Carbon Monoxide

Supine Position

Saline Solution, Hypertonic

Body Water

Pressure

Echo-Planar Imaging

Blood Gas Analysis