Blood transfusion intrauterine. Medical search

The introduction of whole blood or blood component directly into the blood stream. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Reinfusion of blood or blood products derived from the patient's own circulation. (Dorland, 27th ed)

The transfer of erythrocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.

The transfer of blood platelets from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.

Repetitive withdrawal of small amounts of blood and replacement with donor blood until a large proportion of the blood volume has been exchanged. Used in treatment of fetal erythroblastosis, hepatic coma, sickle cell anemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, septicemia, burns, thrombotic thrombopenic purpura, and fulminant malaria.

The transfer of blood components such as erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and plasma from a donor to a recipient or back to the donor. This process differs from the procedures undertaken in PLASMAPHERESIS and types of CYTAPHERESIS; (PLATELETPHERESIS and LEUKAPHERESIS) where, following the removal of plasma or the specific cell components, the remainder is transfused back to the donor.

Loss of blood during a surgical procedure.

In utero transfusion of BLOOD into the FETUS for the treatment of FETAL DISEASES, such as fetal erythroblastosis (ERYTHROBLASTOSIS, FETAL).

Centers for collecting, characterizing and storing human blood.

Testing erythrocytes to determine presence or absence of blood-group antigens, testing of serum to determine the presence or absence of antibodies to these antigens, and selecting biocompatible blood by crossmatching samples from the donor against samples from the recipient. Crossmatching is performed prior to transfusion.

Recovery of blood lost from surgical procedures for reuse by the same patient in AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS. It is collected during (intraoperatively) or after completion of (postoperatively) the surgical procedures.

Passage of blood from one fetus to another via an arteriovenous communication or other shunt, in a monozygotic twin pregnancy. It results in anemia in one twin and polycythemia in the other. (Lee et al., Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology, 9th ed, p737-8)

A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.

Hemorrhage following any surgical procedure. It may be immediate or delayed and is not restricted to the surgical wound.

Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.

The oxygen-carrying proteins of ERYTHROCYTES. They are found in all vertebrates and some invertebrates. The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. Structures range from monomeric to a variety of multimeric arrangements.

Agents that prevent fibrinolysis or lysis of a blood clot or thrombus. Several endogenous antiplasmins are known. The drugs are used to control massive hemorrhage and in other coagulation disorders.

Patient care procedures performed during the operation that are ancillary to the actual surgery. It includes monitoring, fluid therapy, medication, transfusion, anesthesia, radiography, and laboratory tests.

Members of a religious denomination founded in the United States during the late 19th century in which active evangelism is practiced, the imminent approach of the millennium is preached, and war and organized government authority in matters of conscience are strongly opposed (from American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed). Jehovah's Witnesses generally refuse blood transfusions and other blood-based treatments based on religious belief.

The process by which blood or its components are kept viable outside of the organism from which they are derived (i.e., kept from decay by means of a chemical agent, cooling, or a fluid substitute that mimics the natural state within the organism).

An antigenic mismatch between donor and recipient blood. Antibodies present in the recipient's serum may be directed against antigens in the donor product. Such a mismatch may result in a transfusion reaction in which, for example, donor blood is hemolyzed. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984).

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The degree to which the blood supply for BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS is free of harmful substances or infectious agents, and properly typed and crossmatched (BLOOD GROUPING AND CROSSMATCHING) to insure serological compatibility between BLOOD DONORS and recipients.

The mildest form of erythroblastosis fetalis in which anemia is the chief manifestation.

The transfer of leukocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.

Reduction of blood viscosity usually by the addition of cell free solutions. Used clinically (1) in states of impaired microcirculation, (2) for replacement of intraoperative blood loss without homologous blood transfusion, and (3) in cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia.

Interventions to provide care prior to, during, and immediately after surgery.

Substances that are used in place of blood, for example, as an alternative to BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS after blood loss to restore BLOOD VOLUME and oxygen-carrying capacity to the blood circulation, or to perfuse isolated organs.

The preparation of platelet concentrates with the return of red cells and platelet-poor plasma to the donor.

A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major, Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia), which can result in severe complications and even death, hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.

A condition characterized by the abnormal presence of ERYTHROBLASTS in the circulation of the FETUS or NEWBORNS. It is a disorder due to BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY, such as the maternal alloimmunization by fetal antigen RH FACTORS leading to HEMOLYSIS of ERYTHROCYTES, hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC), general edema (HYDROPS FETALIS), and SEVERE JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN.

Antibodies from an individual that react with ISOANTIGENS of another individual of the same species.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Agents acting to arrest the flow of blood. Absorbable hemostatics arrest bleeding either by the formation of an artificial clot or by providing a mechanical matrix that facilitates clotting when applied directly to the bleeding surface. These agents function more at the capillary level and are not effective at stemming arterial or venous bleeding under any significant intravascular pressure.

Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.

The removal of LEUKOCYTES from BLOOD to reduce BLOOD TRANSFUSION reactions and lower the chance of transmitting VIRUSES. This may be performed by FILTRATION or by CYTAPHERESIS.

A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S.

Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.

Control of bleeding during or after surgery.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

International collective of humanitarian organizations led by volunteers and guided by its Congressional Charter and the Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross Movement, to provide relief to victims of disaster and help people prevent, prepare for, and respond to emergencies.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Transplacental passage of fetal blood into the circulation of the maternal organism. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Surgery which could be postponed or not done at all without danger to the patient. Elective surgery includes procedures to correct non-life-threatening medical problems as well as to alleviate conditions causing psychological stress or other potential risk to patients, e.g., cosmetic or contraceptive surgery.

Infectious organisms in the BLOOD, of which the predominant medical interest is their contamination of blood-soiled linens, towels, gowns, BANDAGES, other items from individuals in risk categories, NEEDLES and other sharp objects, MEDICAL WASTE and DENTAL WASTE, all of which health workers are exposed to. This concept is differentiated from the clinical conditions of BACTEREMIA; VIREMIA; and FUNGEMIA where the organism is present in the blood of a patient as the result of a natural infectious process.

Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance of the right atrium directly to the aorta (or femoral artery) via an oxygenator thus bypassing both the heart and lungs.

The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patient's psychological and physical needs directly after surgery. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally, and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.

The process by which fetal Rh+ erythrocytes enter the circulation of an Rh- mother, causing her to produce IMMUNOGLOBULIN G antibodies, which can cross the placenta and destroy the erythrocytes of Rh+ fetuses. Rh isoimmunization can also be caused by BLOOD TRANSFUSION with mismatched blood.

Agents which improve the quality of the blood, increasing the hemoglobin level and the number of erythrocytes. They are used in the treatment of anemias.

Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.

A single-chain polypeptide derived from bovine tissues consisting of 58 amino-acid residues. It is an inhibitor of proteolytic enzymes including CHYMOTRYPSIN; KALLIKREIN; PLASMIN; and TRYPSIN. It is used in the treatment of HEMORRHAGE associated with raised plasma concentrations of plasmin. It is also used to reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements in patients at high risk of major blood loss during and following open heart surgery with EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995)

Replacement of the knee joint.

An excessive accumulation of iron in the body due to a greater than normal absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract or from parenteral injection. This may arise from idiopathic hemochromatosis, excessive iron intake, chronic alcoholism, certain types of refractory anemia, or transfusional hemosiderosis. (From Churchill's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 1989)

The period of confinement of a patient to a hospital or other health facility.

Therapy of heavy metal poisoning using agents which sequester the metal from organs or tissues and bind it firmly within the ring structure of a new compound which can be eliminated from the body.

Surgery performed on the heart.

Excess blood loss from uterine bleeding associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR or CHILDBIRTH. It is defined as blood loss greater than 500 ml or of the amount that adversely affects the maternal physiology, such as BLOOD PRESSURE and HEMATOCRIT. Postpartum hemorrhage is divided into two categories, immediate (within first 24 hours after birth) or delayed (after 24 hours postpartum).

An infant during the first month after birth.

The residual portion of BLOOD that is left after removal of BLOOD CELLS by CENTRIFUGATION without prior BLOOD COAGULATION.

The number of PLATELETS per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD.

A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias in which there is decreased synthesis of one or more hemoglobin polypeptide chains. There are several genetic types with clinical pictures ranging from barely detectable hematologic abnormality to severe and fatal anemia.

A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.

Antibodies to the HEPATITIS C ANTIGENS including antibodies to envelope, core, and non-structural proteins.

Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.

Operations carried out for the correction of deformities and defects, repair of injuries, and diagnosis and cure of certain diseases. (Taber, 18th ed.)

The techniques used to draw blood from a vein for diagnostic purposes or for treatment of certain blood disorders such as erythrocytosis, hemochromatosis, polycythemia vera, and porphyria cutanea tarda.

Excision of all or part of the liver. (Dorland, 28th ed)

A distribution in which a variable is distributed like the sum of the squares of any given independent random variable, each of which has a normal distribution with mean of zero and variance of one. The chi-square test is a statistical test based on comparison of a test statistic to a chi-square distribution. The oldest of these tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ from one another.

The number of RETICULOCYTES per unit volume of BLOOD. The values are expressed as a percentage of the ERYTHROCYTE COUNT or in the form of an index ("corrected reticulocyte index"), which attempts to account for the number of circulating erythrocytes.

The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.

An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans due to infection by VIRUSES. There are several significant types of human viral hepatitis with infection caused by enteric-transmission (HEPATITIS A; HEPATITIS E) or blood transfusion (HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; and HEPATITIS D).

Replacement of the hip joint.

A rare transmissible encephalopathy most prevalent between the ages of 50 and 70 years. Affected individuals may present with sleep disturbances, personality changes, ATAXIA; APHASIA, visual loss, weakness, muscle atrophy, MYOCLONUS, progressive dementia, and death within one year of disease onset. A familial form exhibiting autosomal dominant inheritance and a new variant CJD (potentially associated with ENCEPHALOPATHY, BOVINE SPONGIFORM) have been described. Pathological features include prominent cerebellar and cerebral cortical spongiform degeneration and the presence of PRIONS. (From N Engl J Med, 1998 Dec 31;339(27))

Bleeding from a PEPTIC ULCER that can be located in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES based on the detection through serological testing of characteristic change in the serum level of specific ANTIBODIES. Latent subclinical infections and carrier states can thus be detected in addition to clinically overt cases.

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

The indelible marking of TISSUES, primarily SKIN, by pricking it with NEEDLES to imbed various COLORING AGENTS. Tattooing of the CORNEA is done to colorize LEUKOMA spots.

Erythrocyte isoantigens of the Rh (Rhesus) blood group system, the most complex of all human blood groups. The major antigen Rh or D is the most common cause of erythroblastosis fetalis.

Organic chemicals that form two or more coordination links with an iron ion. Once coordination has occurred, the complex formed is called a chelate. The iron-binding porphyrin group of hemoglobin is an example of a metal chelate found in biological systems.

The religion stemming from the life, teachings, and death of Jesus Christ: the religion that believes in God as the Father Almighty who works redemptively through the Holy Spirit for men's salvation and that affirms Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior who proclaimed to man the gospel of salvation. (From Webster, 3d ed)

The period during a surgical operation.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the fetus and amniotic cavity through abdominal or uterine entry.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

Complications that affect patients during surgery. They may or may not be associated with the disease for which the surgery is done, or within the same surgical procedure.

INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

Bleeding from the nose.

The removal of fluids or discharges from the body, such as from a wound, sore, or cavity.

Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.

Solutions having the same osmotic pressure as blood serum, or another solution with which they are compared. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & Dorland, 28th ed)

A human infant born before 37 weeks of GESTATION.

The aggregate of various economic, political, and social policies by which an imperial power maintains or extends its control over other areas or peoples. It includes the practice of or belief in acquiring and retaining colonies. The emphasis is less on its identity as an ideological political system than on its designation in a period of history. (Webster, 3d ed; from Dr. J. Cassedy, NLM History of Medicine Division)

Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.

The number of RED BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD.

Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. They are also used to treat dehydration.

Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS.

A test to detect non-agglutinating ANTIBODIES against ERYTHROCYTES by use of anti-antibodies (the Coombs' reagent.) The direct test is applied to freshly drawn blood to detect antibody bound to circulating red cells. The indirect test is applied to serum to detect the presence of antibodies that can bind to red blood cells.

Use of a thrombelastograph, which provides a continuous graphic record of the physical shape of a clot during fibrin formation and subsequent lysis.

Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.

Conditions in which there is a generalized increase in the iron stores of body tissues, particularly of liver and the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM, without demonstrable tissue damage. The name refers to the presence of stainable iron in the tissue in the form of hemosiderin.

A vital statistic measuring or recording the rate of death from any cause in hospitalized populations.

A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).

The major human blood type system which depends on the presence or absence of two antigens A and B. Type O occurs when neither A nor B is present and AB when both are present. A and B are genetic factors that determine the presence of enzymes for the synthesis of certain glycoproteins mainly in the red cell membrane.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.

Transplantation between individuals of the same species. Usually refers to genetically disparate individuals in contradistinction to isogeneic transplantation for genetically identical individuals.

The insertion of a catheter through the skin and body wall into the kidney pelvis, mainly to provide urine drainage where the ureter is not functional. It is used also to remove or dissolve renal calculi and to diagnose ureteral obstruction.

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

The senescence of RED BLOOD CELLS. Lacking the organelles that make protein synthesis possible, the mature erythrocyte is incapable of self-repair, reproduction, and carrying out certain functions performed by other cells. This limits the average life span of an erythrocyte to 120 days.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

The time periods immediately before, during and following a surgical operation.

Specialized hospital facilities which provide diagnostic and therapeutic services for trauma patients.

Agents used to prevent or reverse the pathological events leading to sickling of erythrocytes in sickle cell conditions.

A space in which the pressure is far below atmospheric pressure so that the remaining gases do not affect processes being carried on in the space.

The number of LEUKOCYTES and ERYTHROCYTES per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD. A complete blood count (CBC) also includes measurement of the HEMOGLOBIN; HEMATOCRIT; and ERYTHROCYTE INDICES.

Measurement of hemoglobin concentration in blood.

Organized procedures for establishing patient identity, including use of bracelets, etc.

An autologous or commercial tissue adhesive containing FIBRINOGEN and THROMBIN. The commercial product is a two component system from human plasma that contains more than fibrinogen and thrombin. The first component contains highly concentrated fibrinogen, FACTOR VIII, fibronectin, and traces of other plasma proteins. The second component contains thrombin, calcium chloride, and antifibrinolytic agents such as APROTININ. Mixing of the two components promotes BLOOD CLOTTING and the formation and cross-linking of fibrin. The tissue adhesive is used for tissue sealing, HEMOSTASIS, and WOUND HEALING.

A procedure in which a laparoscope (LAPAROSCOPES) is inserted through a small incision near the navel to examine the abdominal and pelvic organs in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. If appropriate, biopsy or surgery can be performed during laparoscopy.

Acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss resulting in HYPOVOLEMIA.

A detailed review and evaluation of selected clinical records by qualified professional personnel for evaluating quality of medical care.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.

Surgical procedure involving either partial or entire removal of the spleen.

Yellow discoloration of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA in the NEWBORN. It is a sign of NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Most cases are transient self-limiting (PHYSIOLOGICAL NEONATAL JAUNDICE) occurring in the first week of life, but some can be a sign of pathological disorders, particularly LIVER DISEASES.

A mucosal tumor of the urinary bladder or nasal cavity in which proliferating epithelium is invaginated beneath the surface and is more smoothly rounded than in other papillomas. (Stedman, 25th ed)

A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.

The taking of a blood sample to determine its character as a whole, to identify levels of its component cells, chemicals, gases, or other constituents, to perform pathological examination, etc.

The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.

Acquired degenerative dilation or expansion (ectasia) of normal BLOOD VESSELS, often associated with aging. They are isolated, tortuous, thin-walled vessels and sources of bleeding. They occur most often in mucosal capillaries of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT leading to GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE and ANEMIA.

A species of protozoa infecting humans via the intermediate tick vector IXODES scapularis. The other hosts are the mouse PEROMYSCUS leucopus and meadow vole MICROTUS pennsylvanicus, which are fed on by the tick. Other primates can be experimentally infected with Babesia microti.

Volume of circulating BLOOD. It is the sum of the PLASMA VOLUME and ERYTHROCYTE VOLUME.

A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent.

Organic and inorganic compounds that contain iron as an integral part of the molecule.

A process of separating particulate matter from a fluid, such as air or a liquid, by passing the fluid carrier through a medium that will not pass the particulates. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The restoration to life or consciousness of one apparently dead. (Dorland, 27th ed)

A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.

The survival of a graft in a host, the factors responsible for the survival and the changes occurring within the graft during growth in the host.

Surgery performed on the ear and its parts, the nose and nasal cavity, or the throat, including surgery of the adenoids, tonsils, pharynx, and trachea.

The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain degraded blood.

The transmission of infectious disease or pathogens. When transmission is within the same species, the mode can be horizontal or vertical (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL).

Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.

Laboratory tests for evaluating the individual's clotting mechanism.

A republic in western Africa, south of NIGER between BENIN and CAMEROON. Its capital is Abuja.

The practice of medicine as applied to special circumstances associated with military operations.

A family of RNA viruses, many of which cause disease in humans and domestic animals. There are three genera FLAVIVIRUS; PESTIVIRUS; and HEPACIVIRUS, as well as several unassigned species.

Techniques for controlling bleeding.

A repeat operation for the same condition in the same patient due to disease progression or recurrence, or as followup to failed previous surgery.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES).

A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE causing parenterally-transmitted HEPATITIS C which is associated with transfusions and drug abuse. Hepatitis C virus is the type species.

Multiple erythrocytic antigens that comprise at least three pairs of alternates and amorphs, determined by one complex gene or possibly several genes at closely linked loci. The system is important in transfusion reactions. Its expression involves the X-chromosome.

A membrane or barrier with micrometer sized pores used for separation purification processes.

Precise and detailed plans for the study of a medical or biomedical problem and/or plans for a regimen of therapy.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

Non-nucleated disk-shaped cells formed in the megakaryocyte and found in the blood of all mammals. They are mainly involved in blood coagulation.

The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another.

An anatomic severity scale based on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and developed specifically to score multiple traumatic injuries. It has been used as a predictor of mortality.

Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.

Antigens that exist in alternative (allelic) forms in a single species. When an isoantigen is encountered by species members who lack it, an immune response is induced. Typical isoantigens are the BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS.

Surgical therapy of ischemic coronary artery disease achieved by grafting a section of saphenous vein, internal mammary artery, or other substitute between the aorta and the obstructed coronary artery distal to the obstructive lesion.

Immunoglobulins raised by any form of viral hepatitis; some of these antibodies are used to diagnose the specific kind of hepatitis.

Death resulting from the presence of a disease in an individual, as shown by a single case report or a limited number of patients. This should be differentiated from DEATH, the physiological cessation of life and from MORTALITY, an epidemiological or statistical concept.

Advanced and highly specialized care provided to medical or surgical patients whose conditions are life-threatening and require comprehensive care and constant monitoring. It is usually administered in specially equipped units of a health care facility.

Shortened forms of written words or phrases used for brevity.

Injuries caused by impact with a blunt object where there is no penetration of the skin.

A prolonged painful erection that may lasts hours and is not associated with sexual activity. It is seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA, advanced malignancy, spinal trauma; and certain drug treatments.

Multiple physical insults or injuries occurring simultaneously.

A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.

Iron-containing proteins that are widely distributed in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Their major function is to store IRON in a nontoxic bioavailable form. Each ferritin molecule consists of ferric iron in a hollow protein shell (APOFERRITINS) made of 24 subunits of various sequences depending on the species and tissue types.

Hospitals maintained by a university for the teaching of medical students, postgraduate training programs, and clinical research.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by protozoa of the genus BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.

Identification of the major histocompatibility antigens of transplant DONORS and potential recipients, usually by serological tests. Donor and recipient pairs should be of identical ABO blood group, and in addition should be matched as closely as possible for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in order to minimize the likelihood of allograft rejection. (King, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Health care provided to a critically ill patient during a medical emergency or crisis.

Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.

Antigens determined by leukocyte loci found on chromosome 6, the major histocompatibility loci in humans. They are polypeptides or glycoproteins found on most nucleated cells and platelets, determine tissue types for transplantation, and are associated with certain diseases.

Starches that have been chemically modified so that a percentage of OH groups are substituted with 2-hydroxyethyl ether groups.

Accumulations of blood in the PERITONEAL CAVITY due to internal HEMORRHAGE.

The period following a surgical operation.

Intrauterine management of fetal parvovirus B19 infection. (1/64)

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to determine the outcome of pregnancies after intrauterine management of fetal parvovirus B19 infection. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SUBJECTS: A total of 37 cases of maternofetal parvovirus B19 infection, 35 of which were associated with hydrops fetalis, were referred to our tertiary level center between 1989 and 1996. With regard to fetal hydrops, no apparent cause other than parvovirus B19 infection was found in any patient. METHODS: In all patients, cordocentesis was performed to assess the degree of fetal anemia. When anemia was present, cordocentesis was followed by intrauterine transfusion with packed red cells into the umbilical vein. Further management depended on the degree of fetal anemia and gestational age and included follow-up fetal blood sampling/transfusion as well as ultrasound examinations as deemed appropriate. RESULTS: Packed red cell transfusion was performed in 30 patients with significant fetal anemia (Z-score 1.6-7.8 below the mean for gestational age). The fetal hemoglobin values ranged from 2.1 to 9.6 g/dl. Serum levels of platelets in the transfusion group were 9-228 x 10(9)/l with Z-scores in the range of < 1 to 3.8 below the mean. During treatment and follow-up, there were five intrauterine deaths (13.5%), one neonatal death (2.7%) and 31 live births (83.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Fetal parvovirus infection can lead to marked anemia and hydrops formation. Cordocentesis allows precise assessment of fetal anemia which can then be corrected by intravenous transfusion. Under this regimen, the outcome proved favorable in the majority of fetuses, even those that were severely anemic. (+info)

Cardiac changes in fetuses secondary to immune hemolytic anemia and their relation to hemoglobin and catecholamine concentrations in fetal blood. (2/64)

OBJECTIVES: Immune hemolytic anemia in the fetus may cause cardiac decompensation and intrauterine death. Postnatally, norepinephrine (noradrenaline) is released in chronic heart failure, and may lead to myocardial hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to determine fetal cardiac changes associated with immune hemolytic anemia by means of echocardiography, and to relate them to fetal hemoglobin and norepinephrine levels. DESIGN: Thirty anemic fetuses underwent a total of 76 umbilical venous transfusions. Before the procedure, fetal echocardiography was performed, and end-diastolic myocardial wall thicknesses and ventricular dimensions together with Doppler flow patterns at the atrioventricular and semilunar valves were measured. Fetal hemoglobin, epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were determined before the transfusion. Statistical analysis of this prospective study comprised descriptive statistics including linear regression and correlation analyses. Two samples of measurements were compared by the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The mean hemoglobin concentration before the first transfusion was 6.9 g% at a mean gestational age of 26.8 weeks. Norepinephrine values were elevated in comparison to a reference range, and were higher than epinephrine values. The most striking echocardiographic finding was myocardial hypertrophy of all ventricular walls. Mean blood flow velocities were increased; at the left ventricle, they were negatively related to the hemoglobin concentrations, and positively to the norepinephrine values. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal myocardial hypertrophy in anemia may be the result of an augmented cardiac workload, indicated by the increased left ventricular mean velocities. This reaction reflects the redistribution of blood flow that may depend on hemoglobin and norepinephrine concentrations. (+info)

Perinatal management of fetal hemolytic disease due to Rh incompatibility combined with fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia due to HPA-5b incompatibility. (3/64)

We report out experience in the perinatal management of a complex case of fetal hemolytic disease primarily due to Rhesus incompatibility combined with fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. The lowest fetal hemoglobin and platelet levels were 2.6 g/dl and 13,000/microliter, respectively. Intrauterine treatment consisted of six transfusions of packed red cells into the umbilical vein and one transfusion of platelets. The neonate required four transfusions of packed red cells to correct her hyporegenerative erythropoiesis. Postnatal management also included one platelet transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulins and erythropoietin. Although some degree of fetal thrombocytopenia may invariably be found in fetal red cell incompatibility, other rare causes need to be excluded. (+info)

Pathophysiology and treatment of fetal anemia due to placental chorioangioma. (4/64)

Placental chorioangiomas occur in 1% of pregnancies. Large chorioangiomas may cause serious complications such as fetal anemia, hydrops and fetal death. In this case report, a pregnancy complicated by a large placental chorioangioma is described. Severe fetal anemia without the occurrence of hydrops fetalis was suspected using ultrasound and Doppler examinations. Successful intrauterine blood transfusion was performed, with an unusually large amount of blood needed to obtain an adequate rise in fetal hematocrit. Two weeks later, at 32 weeks, the infant was born in good condition. In pregnancies with large chorioangiomas, we advise regular ultrasound and Doppler examinations, with the aim of detecting fetal anemia before hydrops develops. When anemia is suspected, fetal blood sampling is indicated and intrauterine transfusion therapy may be beneficial to preserve fetal health until maturity is reached. (+info)

Survival of donor cells 25 years after intrauterine transfusion. (5/64)

Persistence of donor leukocytes in the circulation of recipients of intrauterine transfusion (IUT) has been observed up to 5 years after birth. The aim of this study was to determine whether transfusions with nonirradiated, nonleukocyte-depleted donor blood during the fetal period resulted in long-term immunomodulation of the recipient. Twenty-four surviving IUT recipients between 1966 and 1976 were tested for autoimmune disease and autoantibodies at follow-up. Ten had sex-mismatched donors and were therefore informative for chimerism studies using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Seven female recipients could be tested for chimerism using a Y- chromosome-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) because they received at least 1 IUT from a male donor. Nine recipients could be studied for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursor (CTLp) and helper T-lymphocyte precursor (HTLp) frequencies because the original donors were available for testing. All surviving IUT recipients were in good health at the time of the examination, and routine laboratory testing revealed no abnormalities. None of the IUT recipients were chimeric as determined by FISH analysis, but Y-chromosome-specific sequences were detected by PCR in 6 of the 7 women. However, the CTLp and HTLp frequencies of the IUT recipients against the donors were comparable to those of the controls. The current study provides evidence that IUT can result in the persistence of donor cells in the recipient for a period longer than 20 years but that it is not associated with immunotolerance or with signs of chronic antigenic stimulation. (Blood. 2000;95:2709-2714) (+info)

Dual natriuretic peptide response to volume load in the fetal circulation. (6/64)

OBJECTIVE: To measure atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in control fetuses and fetuses with Rhesus isoimmunisation before and after intravascular transfusion. The current study was designed to investigate the response of ANP and BNP to cardiac short-term and long-term volume load in the human fetus. METHODS: Fetal blood samples were collected from 18 human fetuses (nine controls, nine anemic fetuses with Rhesus isoimmunisation before and after intravascular transfusion). Fetal ANP and BNP concentrations were measured and compared to maternal plasma levels. RESULTS: Both ANP and BNP were significantly higher in fetal blood compared to the mothers. Fetuses with Rhesus isoimmunisation, characterized by long-term cardiac overload, showed significantly elevated ANP but not BNP concentration compared to the fetal controls (ANP: 80.8+/-16.6 vs. 31.6+/-7.7 pg/ml, P<0.05). However, short-term volume load due to intravascular transfusion leads to a significant increase in the fetal BNP- but not ANP-plasma level (BNP: 112.9+/-14.1 vs. 64.8+/-6.6 pg/ml, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: ANP and BNP respond differently to cardiac short- and long-term volume load in the fetal circulation. Therefore, the data suggest that in the fetus, similar to adults, ANP and BNP constitute a dual natriuretic peptide system responsive to changes in cardiac filling pressure. (+info)

Hydrops fetalis-associated congenital dyserythropoietic anemia treated with intrauterine transfusions and bone marrow transplantation. (7/64)

Hydrops fetalis is rarely caused by congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA). We report a patient with hydrops fetalis as a result of severe anemia. This patient needed intrauterine transfusions from 21 weeks of gestation until birth. The hematologic study showed an atypical CDA (hydrops fetalis-associated CDA) characterized by features resembling CDA type II, but negative acidified serum lysis test (HEMPAS negative). The patient was regularly transfused for a year, after which an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA-identical sibling was successfully carried out. His actual hemoglobin is 127 g/L, and he has not received transfusions for more than a year. In conclusion, intrauterine transfusions and BMT could cure an otherwise lethal atypical CDA. (+info)

Management of single fetal death in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: a role for fetal blood sampling. (8/64)

OBJECTIVE: Intrauterine death of one twin in monochorionic pregnancies is associated with an increased mortality and morbidity of the cotwin. This is likely to occur as a consequence of acute hemodynamic changes due to feto-fetal hemorrhage at the time of death of the cotwin. We assessed the role of fetal blood sampling and intrauterine transfusion to rescue the survivor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We managed 12 cases of single intrauterine death at between 17 and 26 weeks' gestation in monochorionic twins complicated by twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). All these cases had been treated either by laser therapy or by serial amniodrainage. When the demise of one twin occurred, ultrasound-guided fetal blood sampling was performed in the surviving twin using a 20-gauge needle within 24 h of death. Intrauterine transfusion was performed at the same time in cases where the survivor was anemic. All survivors were assessed in the neonatal period and at 1 year of age. RESULTS: Six of the 12 surviving fetuses were found to be anemic and underwent intrauterine transfusion. All fetuses survived the procedure. Four of these fetuses had normal neurological development at 1 year of age. Periventricular leukomalacia developed in one case and the patient underwent termination of pregnancy at 34 weeks. In one case delivery occurred at 34 weeks' gestation and the baby developed periventricular leukomalacia at 1 month of age. In all six non-anemic fetuses pediatric examination was normal at birth and at 1 year of age. CONCLUSION: Intrauterine death of one monochorionic twin in TTTS puts the survivor at high risk of intrauterine death or of developing ischemic/hypoxic lesions. Our results suggest that fetal blood sampling is a useful diagnostic tool to identify those fetuses that are not anemic and hence unlikely to be at risk of developing a cerebral lesion. (+info)

Interventional ultrasonography involves biopsy, emptying fluids, intrauterine Blood transfusion (Hemolytic disease of the ... A blood flow study is done prior to the injection, by power doppler. The blood flow can be destroyed and the node become ... Power doppler visualized blood flow can be eradicated, and there may be a drop in the cancer blood marker test, thyroglobulin, ... Blood velocity can be measured in various blood vessels, such as middle cerebral artery or descending aorta, by relatively ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_ultrasound

The US outbreak identified additional transmission methods through blood transfusion, organ transplant, intrauterine exposure, ... Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service. "West Nile virus". Mayo Clinic. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. ... Rarely the virus is spread through blood transfusions, organ transplants, or from mother to baby during pregnancy, delivery, or ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2002). "Investigation of blood transfusion recipients with West Nile virus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Nile_fever

Liley successfully carried out the first ever successful intrauterine blood transfusion. The fetus had Rh disease/hemolytic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Liley

... anemia caused by a parvovirus infection or fetomaternal hemorrhage is fetal blood sampling followed by intrauterine transfusion ... Severely anemic fetuses, including those with Rh disease and alpha thalassemia major, can be treated with blood transfusions ... against the infant's Rh-D positive blood cells. The immune response results in hemolysis of fetal red blood cells causing ... which means high-output cardiac failure causes the blood to circulate rapidly. The excessive pumping of blood causes the left ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrops_fetalis

... of Twin Anemia-Polycythemia Sequence Using Intrauterine Blood Transfusion for the Donor and Partial Exchange Transfusion for ... The use of the so-called Solomon technique or dichorionization in fetoscopic laser therapy for twin-to-twin transfusion ... Twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (TAPS) is a form of chronic inter-twin transfusion.[excessive citations] Different stages of ... Herway, C.; Johnson, A.; Moise, K.; Moise, K. J. (2009-05-01). "Fetal intraperitoneal transfusion for iatrogenic twin anemia- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_anemia-polycythemia_sequence

... unless intrauterine blood transfusion is performed. Since hemoglobin Barts is elevated in alpha thalassemia, it can be measured ... Blood. 129 (10): 1251-1259. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-08-697110. PMC 5345731. PMID 28057638. Fogel BN, Nguyen HL, Smink G, Sekhar ... It is moderately insoluble, and therefore accumulates in the red blood cells. Hb Barts has an extremely high affinity for ... "Predictive value of cord blood hematological indices and hemoglobin Barts for the detection of heterozygous alpha-thalassemia-2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin_Barts

... by blood transfusions). There is some evidence that intrauterine parvovirus B19 infection leads to developmental abnormalities ... This is termed "aplastic crisis" (also called reticulocytopenia). It is treated with blood transfusion. Parvovirus infection in ... This is due to a combination of hemolysis of the red blood cells, as well as the virus directly negatively affecting the red ... It is classified as an erythrovirus because of its capability to invade red blood cell precursors in the bone marrow. Three ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parvovirus_B19

1988). "Consequences of fetomaternal haemorrhage after intrauterine transfusion". BMJ. 297 (6660): 1379-81. doi:10.1136/bmj. ... Finally, a white blood cell count can detect maternal blood in the sample, as fetal white blood cells are primarily leukocytes ... If the blood sample was obtained at the site close to the placenta, a fetal blood confirmation test should be done to ensure no ... Suspicion of fetal infections, such as rubella and toxoplasmosis, as well as the need to supply medicine or blood transfusions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percutaneous_umbilical_cord_blood_sampling

... blood transfusion, intrauterine MeSH E02.095.135.469 - exchange transfusion, whole blood MeSH E02.095.135.750 - plasma exchange ... blood component transfusion MeSH E02.095.135.140.275 - erythrocyte transfusion MeSH E02.095.135.140.425 - leukocyte transfusion ... platelet transfusion MeSH E02.095.135.164 - blood transfusion, autologous MeSH E02.095.135.264 - ... MeSH E02.095.135.140.425.445 - lymphocyte transfusion MeSH E02.095.135.140.650 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(E02)

... post of Director from 1946 to 1978 Dr Tovey was one of the first surgeons regularly to perform intrauterine blood transfusions ... He was also president of the International Society of Blood Transfusion. He was Consultant Adviser on Blood Transfusion at the ... In that year he was appointed Director of the South West Regional Blood Transfusion Service. It was in the evening of J D R ... During the Second World War, he joined the Royal Army Medical Corps and was posted to the Army Blood Transfusion Service from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Tovey

Monozygotic twins who share a placenta can develop twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. This condition means that blood from one ... There are two types of stillbirth, including intrauterine death and intrapartum death. Intrauterine death occurs when a baby ... The DNA in white blood cells of 66 pairs of monozygotic twins was analyzed for 506,786 single-nucleotide polymorphisms known to ... Polymorphisms appeared in 2 of the 33 million comparisons, leading the researchers to extrapolate that the blood cells of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin

An Intrauterine transfusion (IUT) is a procedure that provides blood to a fetus, most commonly through the umbilical cord. It ... the blood is delivered into the fetus's umbilical cord blood vessel. Following the transfusion, an additional blood sample is ... "Intrauterine Fetal Blood Transfusion for Rh Disease , Michigan Medicine". www.uofmhealth.org. Retrieved 2019-04-07. Pasman, S.A ... Prior to the transfusion, percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling (PUBS) is conducted. The fetal blood sample is drawn and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrauterine_transfusion

Positive direct Coombs test (might be negative after fetal interuterine blood transfusion) ... The woman may have received a therapeutic blood transfusion. ABO blood group system and the D antigen of the Rhesus (Rh) blood ... IUT - Intrauterine Transfusion (IUT) is done either by intraperitoneal transfusion (IPT) or intravenous transfusion (IVT).[19] ... transfusion with compatible packed red blood, exchange transfusion with a blood type compatible with both the infant and the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_fetus_and_newborn

Treatment includes surgery, blood transfusions, medications, and overnight stays (20). Unsafe abortions can lead to sepsis, ... Today, oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and male and female condoms are available for free at public health ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago

Irradiated blood components should be issued in the following situations: Intrauterine transfusions Prematurity, low ... Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GvHD) is a rare complication of blood transfusion, in which the ... Darrell J. Triulzi: Transfusion associated graft vs. host disease and irradiated blood components Eric Kardon, eMedicine: ... The incidence of TA-GvHD in immunocompromised patients receiving blood transfusions is estimated to be 0.1 - 1.0%, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfusion-associated_graft-versus-host_disease

... might be negative after fetal interuterine blood transfusion) Blood tests done on the mother Positive indirect Coombs test ... The woman may have received a therapeutic blood transfusion. ABO blood group system and the D antigen of the Rhesus (Rh) blood ... Intrauterine Transfusion (IUT) is done either by intraperitoneal transfusion (IPT) or intravenous transfusion (IVT). IVT is ... Once a woman has antibodies, she is at high risk for a future transfusion reaction if she is in need of a blood transfusion. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn

Blood transfusion can result in alloantibodies reacting towards the transfused cells, resulting in a transfusion reaction. Even ... Severe cases require intrauterine transfusions or early delivery to survive, while mild cases may only require phototherapy at ... Endothelium of the blood vessels is being damaged, therefore the graft is not sufficiently supplied with blood and is replaced ... by repeated blood transfusion). In case of hyperacute rejection, antibodies activate complement; moreover, the reaction can be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloimmunity

Intrauterine blood transfusion Intraperitoneal transfusion-blood transfused into fetal abdomen Intravascular transfusion-blood ... Both parents were blood group O, so the husband's blood was used to give his wife a blood transfusion due to blood loss during ... A sample of fetal blood can be taken from the umbilical vein prior to the transfusion. Often, this is all done at the same PUBS ... Blood is taken from the mother, and using PCR, can detect fetal DNA. This blood test is non-invasive to the fetus and can help ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rh_disease

For example, a blood group B individual who has received a transfusion of group O donor red cells may show mixed field ... This may result from intrauterine exchange of erythrocyte precursors between twins (twin chimerism) or two fertilized eggs fuse ... The cause of mixed field agglutinations should be sought prior to setting up blood for transfusion. By far the most common ... Twin chimerism results from mixing of blood between two twin fetuses through placental blood vessel anastomoses, leading to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed-field_agglutination

In cases of identical twins, they may even have twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). This means that the twins share the ... same placenta and blood and nutrients can then move between twins. The twins may also be suffering from intrauterine growth ... Resnik, R. (2002). "Intrauterine Growth Restriction" (PDF). Obstetrics and Gynecology. 99 (3): 490-496. doi:10.1097/00006250- ... Sebire, N.; Souka, A.; Skentou, H.; Geerts, L. & Nicolaides, K. (2000). "Early prediction of severe twin-to-twin transfusion ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siblicide

Patients report going every 2-3 weeks for blood transfusions.[citation needed] In addition, they must undertake chelation ... commonly in neonates as intrauterine growth retardation). Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II-is defined by moderate ... the amount of blood received by the patient is not as important as their baseline pre-transfusion hemoglobin level. This is ... Treatment of individuals with CDA usually consist of frequent blood transfusions, but this can vary depending on the type that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_dyserythropoietic_anemia

Generally, blood with serum ferritin level that exceed 1000 ug/L and a transfusion of 20 units of red blood cells will require ... prenatal diagnosis and possibility of intrauterine treatment". The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. 31 (7): 946- ... Transfusion-dependent anemia is a form of anemia characterized by the need for continuous blood transfusion. It is a condition ... The use of blood transfusions can ease some of these symptoms by replenishing the blood cells and maintain sufficient ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfusion-dependent_anemia

Blood product transfusion carries a number of risks both infectious as well as non-infectious. Transfusion transmissible ... postpartum anemia Iron deficiency during pregnancy is linked to a number of harmful effects on the fetus such as intrauterine ... Severe anemia may require red blood cell transfusions especially if there is also significant blood loss at birth. Maternal ... Non-infectious risks of blood product transfusion include, but are not limited to: hemolytic transfusion reactions, allergic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemia_in_pregnancy

IUT - Intrauterine transfusion (IUT) is done either by intraperitoneal transfusion (IPT) or intravenous transfusion (IVT). IVT ... This would require a lot of extra work in blood transfusion departments and it is considered not economical to do the blood ... Sensitization to Rhc antigens can also be caused by blood transfusion.[citation needed] Testing for HDN involves blood work ... Newborn Screening Tests - Transfusion with donor blood during pregnancy or shortly after birth can affect the results of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn_(anti-Rhc)

Monozygotic twins who share a placenta can develop twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. This condition means that blood from one ... There are two types of stillbirth, including intrauterine death and intrapartum death. Intrauterine death occurs when a baby ... Twin-to-twin transfusion syndromeEdit. Main article: Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome ... The DNA in white blood cells of 66 pairs of monozygotic twins was analyzed for 506,786 single-nucleotide polymorphisms known to ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identical_twin

Due to the possibility of adverse reactions such as excessive bleeding, which may require a blood transfusion, and incomplete ... Women with an intrauterine device in their uterus should remove the IUD prior to medication abortion to avoid unnecessary ... Other incidents reported to the FDA included 612 nonlethal hospitalizations, 339 blood transfusions, 48 severe infections, and ... Mifepristone is used for the medical treatment of high blood sugar caused by high cortisol levels in the blood ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mifepristone

IUT - intrauterine transfusion (IUT) is done either by intraperitoneal transfusion (IPT) or intravenous transfusion (IVT). IVT ... Newborn screening tests - transfusion with donor blood during pregnancy or shortly after birth can affect the results of the ... Blood is taken from the mother, and using PCR, can detect the K, C, c, D, and E alleles of fetal DNA. This blood test is non- ... Deka, Dipika (2016). "Intrauterine Transfusion". Journal of Fetal Medicine. 27 (3): 13-17. doi:10.1007/s40556-016-0072-4. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn_(anti-RhE)

... to blood transfusions or intravenous immunoglobulin due to the presence of IgA in these blood products. Patients have an ... but has been associated with some congenital intrauterine infections. Pathogenesis of IgA Deficiency 'In IgA-deficient patients ... severe reactions to blood transfusions are very rare. People with selective IgA deficiency do not require special blood ... "Guideline on the investigation and management of acute transfusion reactions Prepared by the BCSH Blood Transfusion Task Force ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_immunoglobulin_A_deficiency

Thus blood transfusion is frequent in the management of patients with this kind of pregnancy, with others even using tranexamic ... an acute abdomen with an intrauterine pregnancy and a fibroid uterus with an intrauterine pregnancy . Ideally the management of ... there is continuous hospitalization in a well-equipped and well-staffed maternity unit which has immediate blood transfusion ... It is a dangerous condition as there can be bleeding into the abdomen that results in low blood pressure and can be fatal. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal_pregnancy

... in utero mother to infant and blood transfusions. This discovery changed the perception of HIV as an epidemic solely within the ... Elevated cord macroglobulins in the diagnosis of intrauterine infections. NEJM, 275:971-977, 1966. Ammann AJ, Wara D, Salmon S ... Ammann, Stiehm and James D. Cherry identified that there are elevated levels of Immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the cord blood of ... Acquired immunodeficiency in an infant: Possible transmission by means of blood products. Lancet, 1:956-958, 1983. Curran TW, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_J._Ammann

The exact cause is unclear.[1] Risk factors include congenital heart disease, birth asphyxia, exchange transfusion, and ... The gut mucosal cells do not get enough nourishment from arterial blood supply to stay healthy, especially in very premature ... Intrauterine hypoxia. *Infant respiratory distress syndrome. *Transient tachypnea of the newborn. *Meconium aspiration syndrome ... Preterm birth, congenital heart disease, birth asphyxia, exchange transfusion, prolonged rupture of membranes[1]. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrotizing_enterocolitis

Further information: Blood product, Blood transfusion, and Blood substitute. A blood product (or blood-based product) is any ... People with sickle-cell disease may require frequent blood transfusions. Early blood transfusions consisted of whole blood, but ... component of blood which is collected from a donor for use in a blood transfusion. Blood transfusions can be life-saving in ... Blood transfusions may also be used to treat a severe anaemia or thrombocytopenia caused by a blood disease. People with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intravenous

Major complications from laparoscopic surgery may include need for blood transfusion, infection, conversion to open surgery, or ... These rates are roughly equivalent to the effectiveness of long-acting reversible contraceptives such as intrauterine devices ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubal_ligation

... bleeding requiring a blood transfusion occurred in 0.03-0.6% of women and serious infection in 0.01-0.5%.[4][5] ... Some consider an intrauterine device in place to be a contraindication as well.[15] A previous allergic reaction mifepristone ... had hemorrhage requiring a blood transfusion. It is often advised to contact a health care provider if there is bleeding to ... Heavy bleeding (enough blood to soak through two sanitary pads in 2 hours) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_abortion

Regulating High blood pressure, diabetes and drug use may reduce the risk of a stillbirth. Umbilical cord constriction may be ... The basic WHO definition of fetal death is the intrauterine death of any conceptus at any time during pregnancy. However, for ... In Austria a stillbirth is defined as birth of a child of at least 500 g weight without vital signs, e.g. blood circulation, ... Some fetuses grasp the umbilical cord but it is yet unknown as to whether a fetus is strong enough to compress and stop blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stillbirth

Interventional ultrasonography involves biopsy, emptying fluids, intrauterine Blood transfusion (Hemolytic disease of the ... Hemodynamics (blood circulation)Edit. Blood velocity can be measured in various blood vessels, such as middle cerebral artery ... A blood flow study is done prior to the injection, by power doppler. The blood flow can be destroyed and the node become ... Power doppler visualized blood flow can be eradicated, and there may be a drop in the cancer blood marker test, thyroglobulin, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_ultrasonography

Blood. Triple test. Quad test. Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling. Apt test. Kleihauer-Betke test. Lung maturity. ... IUD insertion: an intrauterine device that is T-shaped and is placed in the uterus through the cervix. It is a reversible ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetrics_and_gynecology

The cervix point was used to treat retained placenta and intrauterine death. ... with the intention of stimulating circulation through the points and inducing a smoother flow of blood and qi. Some believe it ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moxibustion

... which relied on a donation system like blood transfusion.[citation needed] As the number of autopsies continued to shrink, ... Children short because of intrauterine growth retardation are small for gestational age at birth for a variety of reasons. If ... As GH is a large peptide molecule, it must be injected into subcutaneous tissue or muscle to get it into the blood. Nearly ... and improved blood lipid levels, but long term mortality benefit has not yet been demonstrated.[6][7][8][9] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_hormone_therapy

... a normal intrauterine pregnancy and a ruptured ovarian cyst, a corpus luteum, or appendicitis. Blood tests and ultrasound can ... Free fluid (blood) see between the liver and kidney in a person with a ruptured heterotopic pregnancy[1] ... A heterotopic pregnancy may have similar signs and symptoms as a normal intrauterine pregnancy, ... and intrauterine pregnancy occur simultaneously.[4] It may also be referred to as a combined ectopic pregnancy, multiple‑sited ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterotopic_pregnancy

... blood tests, and regular physical examinations.[9] Complications of pregnancy may include disorders of high blood pressure, ... Intrauterine exposure to environmental toxins in pregnancy has the potential to cause adverse effects on the development of the ... Blood and urine tests can detect pregnancy 12 days after implantation.[61] Blood pregnancy tests are more sensitive than urine ... Miscarriage, high blood pressure of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, iron-deficiency anemia, severe nausea and vomiting[2][3]. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child-bearing

... and increased risk of fetal intrauterine growth restriction". American Journal of Human Genetics. 60 (4): 917-27. PMC 1712477. ... such as amniocentesis or fetal blood sampling. In theory, CPM is when the trisomic cells are found only in the placenta. CPM is ... Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been reported in a number of CPM cases. In follow-up studies adequate postnatal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confined_placental_mosaicism

Intrauterine gestational sac-like structure.. Definite intrauterine pregnancy. Intrauterine gestational sac with yolk sac and/ ... a rich blood supply from a uterine fibroid along the outer uterus wall had nourished her with a rich source of blood."[47] ... Blood tests for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), ultrasound[1]. Similar conditions. Miscarriage, ovarian torsion, acute ... Where no intrauterine pregnancy is seen on ultrasound, measuring β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels may aid in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectopic_Pregnancy

... the clinical conditions and blood clotting disorder often associated with this disease may make it impractical in a clinical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_Cortical_Necrosis

Determine if an intrauterine growth retardation condition exists. *Note the development of fetal body parts (e.g., heart, brain ... Women experiencing a complicated pregnancy may have a test called a Doppler ultrasound to look at the blood flow to their ... unborn baby.[19] This is performed to detect signs that the baby is not getting a normal blood flow and therefore is 'at risk ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_care

Saá P, Proctor M, Foster G, Krysztof D, et al «Investigational Testing for Zika Virus among U.S. Blood Donors» (en anglès). N ... Kashima, S; Slavov, SN; Covas, DT «Zika virus and its implication in transfusion safety» (en anglès). Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter ... Mulkey SB, Vezina G, Bulas DI, Khademian Z, et al «Neuroimaging Findings in Normocephalic Newborns With Intrauterine Zika Virus ... Musso D, Richard V, Teissier A, Stone M, et al «Detection of ZIKV RNA in semen of asymptomatic blood donors» (en anglès). Clin ...

https://ca.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_del_Zika

Lowered blood supply to the fetus in pre-eclampsia causes lowered nutrient supply, which could result in intrauterine growth ... other studies have since investigated the decreased incidence of pre-eclampsia in women who had received blood transfusions ... High blood pressure, protein in the urine[1]. Complications. Red blood cell breakdown, low blood platelet count, impaired liver ... A systolic blood pressure ≥160 or diastolic blood pressure ≥110 and/or proteinuria ,5g in a 24-hour period is also indicative ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-eclampsia

3 hour blood glucose level ≥140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/L). An alternative test uses a 75 g glucose load and measures the blood glucose ... and small for gestational age and Intrauterine growth retardation[87] in managed GDM. Macrosomia in turn increases the risk of ... 2 hour postprandial blood glucose levels ,6.7 mmol/L. Regular blood samples can be used to determine HbA1c levels, which give ... When methods for blood glucose determination changed from the use of whole blood to venous plasma samples, the criteria for GDM ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestational_Diabetes

Intrauterine bleeding[edit]. There have been rare but known cases of intrauterine bleeding caused by injury inflicted by the ... High blood pressure[edit]. Main article: Hypertensive disease of pregnancy. Potential severe hypertensive states of pregnancy ... Multiples may become monochorionic, sharing the same chorion, with resultant risk of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. ... Because of this, blood-borne microorganisms (hepatitis B, HIV), organisms associated with sexually transmitted disease (e.g., ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complications_of_pregnancy

Exchange transfusions[edit]. Much like with phototherapy the level at which exchange transfusion should occur depends on the ... Alloimmunity (The neonatal or cord blood gives a positive direct Coombs test and the maternal blood gives a positive indirect ... The signs which help detect pathological jaundice are the presence of intrauterine growth restriction, stigma of intrauterine ... Shorter life span of fetal red blood cells,[18] being approximately 80 to 90 days in a full term infant,[20] compared to 100 to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_jaundice

The peripheral blood smear may show fragmented red blood cells (known as schistocytes) due to shear stress from thrombi. ... Transfusions of platelets or fresh frozen plasma can be considered in cases of significant bleeding, or those with a planned ... Obstetric complications: abruptio placentae, pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, amniotic fluid embolism, retained intrauterine fetal ... Upon exposure to blood and platelets, TF binds with activated factor VIIa (normally present in trace amounts in the blood), ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disseminated_intravascular_coagulation

After excluding blood transfusions, the rate of SMM increased by about 20% over time, from 28.6 in 1993 to 35.0 in 2014."[95] ... Blood transfusions also increased during the same period with "from 24.5 in 1993 to 122.3 in 2014 and are considered to be the ... Women who breastfeed experience better glucose levels, lipid metabolism, and blood pressure, and lose pregnancy weight faster ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_health

A vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC) confers a higher risk of uterine rupture (5 per 1,000), blood transfusion or ... since the risks of intrauterine death of one or both twins is higher after this gestation than the risk of complications of ... blood. Triple test. Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling. Apt test. Kleihauer-Betke test. lung maturity. Lecithin- ... which may require a blood transfusion) and postdural-puncture spinal headaches.[20] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-section

The lack of blood flow results in cell death and subsequent breakdown of the blood vessel walls, leading to bleeding. While ... Intrauterine hypoxia. *Infant respiratory distress syndrome. *Transient tachypnea of the newborn. *Meconium aspiration syndrome ... First, intraventricular blood can lead to a clot in the CSF conduits blocking its flow and leading to obstructive hydrocephalus ... After a grade III or IV IVH, blood clots may form which can block the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, leading to increased fluid ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraventricular_hemorrhage

... as blood doping, deliberately) or being the recipient twin in a pregnancy, undergoing twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. ... Intrauterine hypoxia. *Infant respiratory distress syndrome. *Transient tachypnea of the newborn. *Meconium aspiration syndrome ... In some cases, affected individuals may have associated conditions including high blood pressure or formation of blood clots. ... Relative polycythemia is an apparent rise of the erythrocyte level in the blood; however, the underlying cause is reduced blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycythemia

blood. Triple test. Quad test. Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling. Apt test. Kleihauer-Betke test. lung maturity. ... Twin-twin transfusion syndrome - Laser Ablation of Vessels. *Spina bifida - Fetoscopic closure of the malformation. Prenatal ... such as may be the case in intrauterine infection, unexplained vaginal bleeding and fetal distress.[2] An H2 antagonist is ... Schematic illustration of endoscopic fetal surgery for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_fetal_surgery

Use of epidural analgesia during surgery reduces blood transfusion requirements.[31]. Despite these benefits, no survival ... If severe it may be successfully treated with an epidural blood patch (a small amount of the subject's own blood given into the ... Diminished blood pressure, accommodated by both decreased stress and less adrenal release, may decrease the release of oxytocin ... In people who have normal blood clotting, it is extremely rare (estimated less than 0.07%) for permanent neurological problems ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidural_anesthesia

Treatment may require blood transfusion or emergency hysterectomy. Placental abruption occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies. ... intrauterine growth restriction, and oligohydramnios (low levels of amniotic fluid). Pre-eclampsia Chronic hypertension Short ... The accumulating blood pushes between the layers of the decidua, pushing the uterine wall and placenta apart. When the placenta ... Diagnosis is made retrospectively by finding an organized blood clot or a depressed area on a delivered placenta. Class 1: Mild ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_abruption

... Treatment Overview. An intrauterine transfusion provides blood to an Rh- ... An intrauterine fetal blood transfusion is done in the hospital. The mother may have to stay overnight after the procedure. ... A blood transfusion is given to replace fetal red blood cells that are being destroyed by the Rh-sensitized mothers immune ... the method of transfusion, and the skill of the doctor who does the procedure. Overall, after intrauterine transfusion through ...

https://www.rexhealth.com/app/healthwise/document.aspx?id=hw149929

... Treatment Overview. An intrauterine transfusion provides blood to an Rh- ... An intrauterine fetal blood transfusion is done in the hospital. The mother may have to stay overnight after the procedure. ... A blood transfusion is given to replace fetal red blood cells that are being destroyed by the Rh-sensitized mothers immune ... Home , Healthy Living , Health Library , Intrauterine Fetal Blood Transfusion for Rh Disease ...

https://www.adventisthealthcare.com/health/library/topic/?id=hw149929

... usually caused by Rh incompatibility between the mothers blood type and that of ... attack the red blood cells of the fetus. An intrauterine transfusion of blood may be indicated. ... usually caused by Rh incompatibility between the mothers blood type and that of the fetus, ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/17170.htm

Rh isoimmunization Late-onset anemia, Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn Intrauterine blood transfusion, Severe Late- ... The Kidd (Jk) system is one of the most important blood group systems in transfusion medicine due to immediate or delayed ... The Kidd (Jk) system is one of the most important blood group systems in transfusion medicine due to immediate or delayed ... The Kidd (Jk) system is one of the most important blood group systems in transfusion medicine due to immediate or delayed ...

http://www.jisikworld.com/search/?schmenu=120&qt=Hemolytic+disease+of+the+fetus+and+newborn++Intrauterine+blood+transfusion

Main outcome measures Anthropometry, blood pressure, lipids, heart rate variability and cardiac MRI, including myocardial ... Objective To compare long-term cardiovascular outcomes in survivors of fetal anaemia and intrauterine transfusion with those of ... These findings are relevant to the long-term health of intrauterine transfusion recipients, and may potentially also have ... Participants Adults who received intrauterine transfusion for anaemia due to rhesus disease (exposed) and their unexposed ...

https://adc.bmj.com/content/102/1/40

An Intrauterine transfusion (IUT) is a procedure that provides blood to a fetus, most commonly through the umbilical cord. It ... the blood is delivered into the fetuss umbilical cord blood vessel. Following the transfusion, an additional blood sample is ... "Intrauterine Fetal Blood Transfusion for Rh Disease , Michigan Medicine". www.uofmhealth.org. Retrieved 2019-04-07. Pasman, S.A ... Prior to the transfusion, percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling (PUBS) is conducted. The fetal blood sample is drawn and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrauterine_transfusion

It may also happen if the mom and baby have different blood types. ... It happens when the Rh factors in the moms and babys blood dont match. ... Intrauterine blood transfusion. This test puts red blood cells into your babys circulation. In this test, a needle is placed ... Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling or fetal blood sampling. In this test, a blood sample is taken from your babys ...

http://www.ahealthyme.com/Library/DiseasesConditions/Pediatric/HighRiskPregnancy/90,P02498

Intrauterine blood transfusion. This test puts red blood cells into your babys circulation. In this test, a needle is placed ... Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling or fetal blood sampling. In this test, a blood sample is taken from your babys ... Almost all women will have a blood test to learn their blood type early in pregnancy. ... The Rh factor is a protein on the covering of the red blood cells. If the Rh factor protein is on the cells, the person is Rh ...

http://www.chkd.org/Patients-and-Families/Health-Library/Content.aspx?ContentTypeId=90&contentId=P02498

This procedure is called an intrauterine transfusion, or fetal blood transfusion. Discover how the transfusion is completed. ... it may require a blood transfusion while still in the uterus. ... called an intrauterine transfusion or fetal blood transfusion. ... How is an Intrauterine Transfusion Done?. The maternal and fetal medicine specialists at Mercy perform fetal blood transfusions ... Intrauterine transfusion involves injecting red blood cells from a donor into the fetus. ...

https://www.mercy.net/service/fetal-blood-transfusion/

Fetal Blood Sampling and Intrauterine Transfusion. Lack of blood cells, or fetal anemia, causes the unborn babys heart to pump ... your doctor may perform fetal intrauterine transfusion to replace destroyed blood cells. Our maternal-fetal medicine ... If a blood test reveals a potential problem, your doctor may recommend more comprehensive testing, such as amniocentesis or CVS ... To check for signs of fetal anemia, your doctor extracts a small amount of blood from your unborn babys umbilical cord. This ...

https://www.barnesjewish.org/Medical-Services/Women-Infants/High-Risk-Pregnancy/Maternal-Fetal-Medicine/High-Risk-Pregnancy-Tests

Intrauterine growth restriction at , 3% for weight at birth since this has been shown to alter mesenteric BFV and the post- ... The Effect of Blood Transfusion on Blood Flow to the Intestines of Premature Infants. The safety and scientific validity of ... The purpose of the study is to see if a blood transfusion changes how fast blood flows to the intestines of a premature baby. ... The effects of a blood transfusion on superior mesenteric artery blood flow velocity and the post-prandial hyperemia are not ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00167388

Intrauterine fetal blood transfusion : Descriptive study of the first four years experience in Oman. / Al-Riyami, Arwa Z.; Al- ... Intrauterine fetal blood transfusion: Descriptive study of the first four years experience in Oman. Sultan Qaboos University ... title = "Intrauterine fetal blood transfusion: Descriptive study of the first four years{\textquoteright} experience in Oman", ... Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Intrauterine fetal blood transfusion: Descriptive study of the first four years ...

https://squ.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/intrauterine-fetal-blood-transfusion-descriptive-study-of-the-fir

Placement of an intrauterine device (IUD); Placement of an intrauterine hormone-releasing system (IUS); Bilateral tubal ... Luspatercept improves hemoglobin levels and blood transfusion requirements in a study of patients with β-thalassemia. Blood. ... MedlinePlus related topics: Blood Transfusion and Donation Thalassemia Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center resources: ... Proportion of subjects with a ≥50% reduction in red blood cell (RBC) transfusion burden from week 37 to Week 48 [ Time Frame: ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02604433?term=BELIEVE+study+acceleron&rank=1

Other routes include sexual transmission, blood transfusions and laboratory exposure. There is a theoretical concern of ... Maternal-fetal infections have occurred intrauterine and perinatally. ... So the first most important thing is Zika virus usually remains in the blood of an infected person just for a few days and up ... To address the transfusion question, we do know that other flaviviruses that are arthropod-borne have been implicated in ...

https://emergency.cdc.gov/coca/transcripts/2016/call-transcript-012616.asp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_ultrasound

... is a blood disorder in a fetus or newborn infant. In some infants, it can be fatal. ... Severe HDN may be treated before birth by intrauterine blood transfusions.. Prevention. ... Medicines to raise blood pressure if it drops too low.. *In severe cases, an exchange transfusion may need to be performed. ... Fresh donor blood is infused.. *Simple transfusion (without exchange). This may need to be repeated after the baby goes home ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001298.htm

Blood Transfusion: The baby may require blood transfusions before birth in order to treat anemia. Intrauterine blood ... If the levels are elevated, then intrauterine transfusion with Rh blood can be given until premature delivery can be induced.. ... Exchange Transfusion: This is a special type of transfusion in which the baby s blood is exchanged with that of the donor s ... In case of previous pregnancies or a history of blood transfusions, further tests may be required. The father s blood may also ...

http://www.medindia.net/patientinfo/erythroblastosis-fetalis.htm?utm_source=medindia&utm_medium=widget&utm_content=&utm_campaign=whatsnew

Intrauterine growth restriction: screening, diagnosis, and management. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2013;35(8):741-757. ... Indications for blood transfusion in pregnancy with sickle cell disease. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1995;35(4):405-408. ... Prophylactic red blood cell exchange may be beneficial in the management of sickle cell disease in pregnancy. Transfusion 2015; ... acute and delayed transfusion reactions, transfusion-related infectious morbidity, and iron overload,13 transfusion in the ...

http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/126/21/2424?sso-checked=true

... blood transfusion; and laboratory exposure (1-5). Most Zika virus infections are asymptomatic (1,6). Clinical illness, when it ... Zika virus infections have also been documented through intrauterine transmission resulting in congenital infection; ... Revised recommendations for reducing the risk of Zika virus transmission by blood and blood components: guidance for industry. ... as well as testing of all blood donations collected in the United States and its territories to reduce the risk for transfusion ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6536e5.htm

... received 31 intravascular transfusions (13 exchange and 18 bolus) and one intraperitoneal transfusion under ultrasonographic ... Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine / adverse effects, methods*. Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood / adverse effects, methods*. ... Procedure time for the bolus transfusion was shorter than for the exchange transfusion (t test, p less than 0.001). Bleeding ... and one intraperitoneal transfusion under ultrasonographic guidance. The interval between transfusions was 13.4 +/- 4.7 days. ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Intravascular-exchange-bolus-transfusion-in/2492764.html

Fetal intracranial hemorrhage is a very rare complication of intrauterine transfusion in patients with Rh(D) alloimmunization ... intrauterine transfusion and reviewed the literature about the fetal intracranial hemorrhage that occurred after intrauterine ... Intrauterine transfusion is the most common and successful intrauterine procedure for the treatment of fetal anemia due to red ... I. T. M. Lindenburg, I. L. Van Kamp, and D. Oepkes, "Intrauterine blood transfusion: Current indications and associated risks ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/criog/2018/8412139/

Intrauterine fetal blood transfusions. *Fetal tissue biopsy. *Diagnostic fetoscopy. More information on laser surgery for twin- ... Laser surgery for Twin-twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS). *Laser surgery for selective intrauterine growth ristriction in ... A small amount of blood is taken for the test and the results are known with 4-5 days. ...

https://www.stgeorges.nhs.uk/service/maternity-services/your-pregnancy/fetal-medicine-unit/invasive-procedures/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_fetus_and_newborn

INTRA-UTERINE FOETAL BLOOD TRANSFUSION. S Afr Med J. 1965 Jul 31; 39:630-4. PMID: 14338516. ... Hot Flash Frequency and Blood Pressure: Data from the Study of Womens Health Across the Nation. J Womens Health (Larchmt). ...

https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Person/53086

Intrauterine Blood Transfusion 08/01/2000 - "We describe a girl with DiGeorge anomaly and normal cytogenetic and molecular ... whose clinical course was complicated by graft versus host disease caused by intrauterine materno-fetal transfusion, and ... XX male with velocardiofacial syndrome and a deletion of 22q11.2 and no evidence of Y chromosomal loci in blood DNA was ...

http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryD004062.do

Exchange transfusion, blood, newborn. 36455. Exchange transfusion, blood, other than newborn. 36460. Transfusion, intrauterine ... Blood Transfusions: Providers should bill blood transfusions with a maximum of one unit per patient, per date of service. ... Special 4-Part Series: RACs and Blood Transfusions: Part II By Original story posted on: August 18, 2009 ... Additional information about blood transfusion billing can be found in the following manuals/publications:. *Federal Register, ...

https://www.racmonitor.com/special-4-part-series-racs-and-blood-transfusions-part-ii

Intrauterine transfusions for red blood cell maternofetal incompatibility in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy. ... Intrauterine blood transfusion: Status report of 4years of practice in France (2011-2014)]. ... Postponing early intrauterine transfusion with intravenous immunoglobulin treatment: the PETIT study on severe hemolytic ... Fetal Brain Injury Associated with Parvovirus B19 Congenital Infection Requiring Intrauterine Transfusion. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=search&term=Maisonneuve+E%5Bau%5D&dispmax=50

In 1963 William Liley conducted the first successful intrauterine blood transfusion. His research into Rhesus haemolytic ... One of its first grants was to Horace Smirk for his work on the physiology of hypertension (high blood pressure). Smirk, who ... Neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, respond to gout crystals by releasing substances that cause pain and inflammation. ...

https://teara.govt.nz/en/medical-research/print

The aim of our study was to evaluate the middle cerebral artery velocimetry before and after intrauterine blood transfusion in ... Intrauterine blood transfusion in immune hydrops fetalis, corrects middle cerebral artery Doppler ... ... Techniques of intrauterine fetal transfusion for women with red-cell isoimmunisation for improving ... ... Although islet blood flow has been studied extensively, little is known about the dynamics of islet blood flow during ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/cluster/74/Blood-Flow-and-Oxygen-Transport/sub-41-p6.html

Periconceptional/Intrauterine/Perinatal transmission; Sexual Transmission; Blood Transfusion; Breastfeeding -- Testing & ... Periconceptional/Intrauterine/Perinatal transmission; Sexual Transmission; Blood Transfusion; Breastfeeding -- Testing & ... Periconceptional/Intrauterine/Perinatal transmission; Sexual Transmission; Blood Transfusion; Breastfeeding -- Testing & ... Periconceptional/Intrauterine/Perinatal transmission; Sexual Transmission; Blood Transfusion; Breastfeeding -- Testing & ...

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/46585/Share

Fetal blood sampling (FBS) shows that the fetus has severe anemia. (rexhealth.com)
In a severely affected fetus, transfusions are done every 1 to 4 weeks until the fetus is mature enough to be delivered safely. (rexhealth.com)
Erythroblastosis fetalis is a condition manifested by anemia that develops in an unborn infant when maternal antibodies, usually caused by Rh incompatibility between the mother's blood type and that of the fetus, attack the red blood cells of the fetus. (medlineplus.gov)
An Intrauterine transfusion (IUT) is a procedure that provides blood to a fetus, most commonly through the umbilical cord. (wikipedia.org)
Intrauterine transfusion involves injecting red blood cells from a donor into the fetus. (mercy.net)
Red blood cells from a donor whose blood type is compatible with the baby's are passed through the needle into either the umbilical cord vein or the fetus' abdomen. (mercy.net)
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a blood disorder in a fetus or newborn infant. (medlineplus.gov)
It is a type of anemia in which the red blood cells (RBC) of the fetus are destroyed by maternal antibodies in an immune response targeted against the fetus. (medindia.net)
This occurs due to incompatibility of the blood groups of the mother and fetus, which arises when the fetus inherits a certain blood group factor from the father that is absent in the mother. (medindia.net)
There are other minor blood group antigens that the fetus may carry, which can increase the risk of erythroblastosis fetalis. (medindia.net)
Intravascular exchange and bolus transfusion in the severely isoimmunized fetus. (biomedsearch.com)
In subsequent pregnancies, if there is a similar incompatibility in the fetus, these antibodies are then able to cross the placenta into the fetal bloodstream to attach to the red blood cells and cause their destruction ( hemolysis ). (wikipedia.org)
Postponing early intrauterine transfusion with intravenous immunoglobulin treatment: the PETIT study on severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. (nih.gov)
We studied a cohort of 125 grandmother-mother-child combinations, from a follow-up study of mothers after intrauterine transfusion of the fetus for alloimmune hemolytic disease. (haematologica.org)
Maternal antibodies against IPAs expressed on red blood cells (RBC) such as Rh and K antigens, can cause severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). (haematologica.org)
A fetal blood transfusion is a procedure used to treat anemia in the fetus. (manipalhospitals.com)
Erythroblastosis fetalis , also called hemolytic disease of the newborn , type of anemia in which the red blood cells ( erythrocytes ) of a fetus are destroyed in a maternal immune reaction resulting from a blood group incompatibility between the fetus and its mother. (britannica.com)
This incompatibility arises when the fetus inherits a certain blood factor from the father that is absent in the mother. (britannica.com)
The Rh system is responsible for the most severe form of the disease , which can occur when an Rh-negative woman (a woman whose blood cells lack the Rh factor) conceives an Rh-positive fetus. (britannica.com)
They stimulate the production of antibodies , some of which pass across the placenta into fetal circulation and lyse, or break apart, the red blood cells of the fetus ( hemolysis ). (britannica.com)
Fetal-maternal incompatibilities within the ABO blood group alone are more common than those of the Rh type, but the immune reaction is usually much less severe, unless the fetus is type A and the mother type O. (britannica.com)
Fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is the most common cause of severe thrombocytopenia - a low blood platelet count - in the fetus or newborn (Mella and Eddleman, 2015). (rcm.org.uk)
A transfusion means giving the fetus red blood cells from a donor. (winchesterhospital.org)
If the fetus has hydrops, the blood transfusion will be done right away. (winchesterhospital.org)
This is to allow access to fetal blood vessels and to reduce injury to the fetus. (winchesterhospital.org)
Blood will be transfused to the fetus. (winchesterhospital.org)
The transfusions may need to be repeated every 2-4 weeks until your doctor decides that it is safe to deliver the fetus. (winchesterhospital.org)
A large number of vertically transmitted cases occur intrapartum due to possible transfusion of the mother's blood to the fetus during contractions, as a consequence of membrane rupture, and via direct contact of the fetus with infected secretions, blood or other fluids from the maternal genital tract[11]. (medhelp.org)
The risk of intrauterine infection is relatively low because the fetus is protected from HBV by the placenta. (medhelp.org)
Prolonged poor oxygen delivery to the fetus (intrauterine hypoxia) due to insufficiency of the placenta can also lead to neonatal polycythemia. (emedicinehealth.com)
The mechanism is maternal anti-D IgG passing through the placenta to the fetus causing destruction of fetal red blood cells. (bionity.com)
The condition can cause a reduced supply of blood and nutrients to the fetus. (healthline.com)
The most common causes may be related to transfusion of blood, transfer of placental blood to the infant after delivery, or chronic inadequate oxygenation of the fetus (intrauterine hypoxia) due to placental insufficiency. (medicinenet.com)
If a woman who is Rh negative and a man who is Rh positive conceive a baby, the fetus may have Rh-positive blood, inherited from the father. (kidshealth.org)
While the ultimate goal will be to assess whether the mother's stem cells integrate, or engraft, in the fetus' bone marrow and generate healthy blood cells throughout the child's life, this phase 1 trial aimed to determine first whether the procedure - which includes infusing the mother's stem cells along with several blood transfusions - would be safe. (ucsf.edu)
During the pregnancy, MacKenzie's team at the UCSF Fetal Treatment Center treated the fetus with regular in utero blood transfusions, after a medical center near the family's hometown detected life-threatening swelling, or hydrops, during an ultrasound. (ucsf.edu)
Poor outcomes for the fetus and infant include: preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, intrauterine fetal death, low Apgar scores and infection. (scribd.com)

双胎間輸血症候群(twin-twin transfusion syndrome : TTTS)の発症機序と病態 (nii.ac.jp)
Journal Article] Resolution of mirror syndrome after successful fetoscopic laser photocoagulation of communieating placental vessels in severe twin-twin transfusion syndrome. (nii.ac.jp)

The laboratory findings on the day of presentation showed severe hemolytic anemia with reticulocytosis, which was treated with red blood cell transfusion. (jisikworld.com)
It is used in cases of severe fetal anemia, such as when fetal red blood cells are being destroyed by maternal antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
The result confirms the level of fetal anemia and indicates the correct amount of blood to be transfused. (wikipedia.org)
Your child's healthcare provider will check this blood for antibodies, bilirubin, and anemia. (ahealthyme.com)
When the amount or quality of our red blood cells is too low, the condition is known as anemia. (mercy.net)
If the anemia is serious, the baby may require a blood transfusion while they are still in the uterus. (mercy.net)
The goal of this treatment is to prevent complications of anemia and provide the baby with an adequate supply of red blood cells to keep them healthy until delivery. (mercy.net)
Depending on the severity of the anemia, additional fetal transfusions may be needed until the baby's birth. (mercy.net)
Lack of blood cells, or fetal anemia, causes the unborn baby's heart to pump harder and may lead to fetal heart failure. (barnesjewish.org)
To check for signs of fetal anemia, your doctor extracts a small amount of blood from your unborn baby's umbilical cord. (barnesjewish.org)
If a test reveals that your unborn baby has anemia, your doctor may perform fetal intrauterine transfusion to replace destroyed blood cells. (barnesjewish.org)
Intrauterine transfusion is the most common and successful intrauterine procedure for the treatment of fetal anemia due to red cell alloimmunization. (hindawi.com)
A cautious correction of anemia with packed red blood cells (RBCs) or by exchange transfusion is necessary to prevent circulatory overload. (medscape.com)
Fetal anemia occurs when the baby's blood count is too low. (manipalhospitals.com)
The condition can be life threatening, which is why fetal blood transfusions need to be conducted shortly after discovering fetal anemia. (manipalhospitals.com)
It can also cause TAC in other conditions in which increased red cell production is necessary to maintain stable red cell indices, as may occur in anemia due to blood loss. (cdc.gov)
In case of hydrops or signs of anemia, intrauterine trasfusions are recommended. (springer.com)
Anemia is a lack of red blood cells. (winchesterhospital.org)
Prediction of severe fetal anemia in red blood cell alloimmunization after previous intrauterine transfusions. (fetalmedicine.com)
CDAII is characterized by mild to moderate anemia, bi- or multinucleated erythroblasts, aberrant glycosylation of erythrocyte band 3, and red blood cell (RBC) lysis in some (but not all) acidified normal sera. (bloodjournal.org)
This is from having too few red blood cells (anemia). (chkd.org)
Fetal middle cerebral artery systolic maximum blood flow velocity was high, so fetal anemia was suspected. (scirp.org)
Fetal anemia progresses to fetal hydrops and fetal dysfunction, and in the worst case, leads to intrauterine fetal death. (scirp.org)
This was related to anemia and polycythemia, respectively, and resulted from unidirectional feto-fetal blood transfusion, mainly from former recipients into former donors. (kuleuven.be)
During the last 30 years, this has been the treatment of choice for patients developing severe fetal anemia and we think that fetuses with alpha thalassemia can also benefit from these transfusions. (ucsf.edu)

논문] PC-OB03 : A report of anti-M alloimmunization managed with intrauterine trans. (jisikworld.com)
Such antibodies typically form when the mother undergoes alloimmunization to the antigen during a previous pregnancy or transfusion. (wikipedia.org)
Fetal intracranial hemorrhage is a very rare complication of intrauterine transfusion in patients with Rh(D) alloimmunization and it has been demonstrated only in a few case reports in the literature. (hindawi.com)
While intrauterine intravascular transfusion has remarkable effect on the treatment of fetal red blood cell alloimmunization, the total procedure-related complication rate has been reported approximately 3.1 percent and commonly indicated as fetal death, neonatal death, emergency cesarean delivery, infection, and premature rupture of membranes [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
We found only two papers that define three cases of intracranial hemorrhage associated with intrauterine transfusion due to Rh alloimmunization. (hindawi.com)
These data suggest that oral neonatal exposure to non-inherited maternal red blood cell antigens through breastfeeding for at least two months diminishes the risk of alloimmunization against these antigens when encountered later in life. (haematologica.org)
Successful management of severe red blood cell alloimmunization in pregnancy with a combination. (deepdyve.com)

In contrast to the hemolytic activity of Kidd antibodies in incompatible transfusion, the severity of HDN varies but usually tends to be a benign clinical course with favorable outcomes. (jisikworld.com)
It occurs when maternal antibodies cross the placenta during pregnancy and destroy fetal red blood cells (RBCs). (wikipedia.org)
Testing for Rh positive antibodies in your blood. (ahealthyme.com)
These antibodies attack the RBCs in the baby's blood and cause them to break down too early. (medlineplus.gov)
This involves removing a large amount of the baby's blood, and thus the extra bilirubin and antibodies. (medlineplus.gov)
If both A or B are absent, the blood group is O. ABO incompatibility disease is almost exclusively limited to fetuses with A or B antigens whose mothers have blood group O. Approximately one -third of fetuses have the mother s antibodies in their circulation, but only a small percentage develop symptoms of ABO incompatibility disease . (medindia.net)
Among these antibodies are some which attack antigens on the red blood cells in the fetal circulation , breaking down and destroying the cells ( hemolysis ). (wikipedia.org)
The three most common models in which a woman becomes sensitized toward (i.e., produces IgG antibodies against) a particular antigen are hemorrhage, blood transfusion, and ABO incompatibility. (wikipedia.org)
HDFN can also be caused by antibodies to a variety of other blood group system antigens, but Kell and Rh are the most frequently encountered. (wikipedia.org)
For mismatched red blood cell antigens the mother was exposed to, whether or not antibodies were formed, we determined whether her mother, the grandmother, carried these antigens. (haematologica.org)
protection is conferred by ABO antibodies, which destroy fetal blood cells in the maternal circulation before the mother develops Rh sensitivity. (britannica.com)
For patients who have "red cell antibodies detected", further laboratory work is required to identify the specificity of the antibody, to type the patient and donor units in order to provide specific antigen negative blood and to perform a full serological crossmatch. (rch.org.au)
Patient's who have previously had clinically significant red cell antibodies detected require antigen negative blood and full serological crossmatching. (rch.org.au)
This internationally accepted safeguard is used to prevent a transfusion reaction in patients who form antibodies to foreign red cell antigens in response to pregnancy or transfusion. (rch.org.au)
When a mother's antibodies attack a fetus's blood platelets, it can have life-threatening consequences. (rcm.org.uk)
Platelets include blood group antigens that the mother can make antibodies for. (rcm.org.uk)
If FNAIT is suspected, samples should be sent without delay to the histocompatibility and immunogenetics (H&I) laboratory at NHS Blood and Transplant, Filton, which provides specialist tests for the detection and identification of platelet-specific antibodies (Green, 2017). (rcm.org.uk)
These disorders can be further subdivided into B- and Tcell disorders by using specific antibodies in a test process, known as immunophenotyping, which can be performed by flow cytometry on peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirates, or by staining paraffin sections using immunohistochemical techniques. (thefreelibrary.com)
To guard against them, Dr. Moise informed her that they would need to have blood on hand for a transfusion, in the event Christopher's antibodies attacked her baby's red blood cells before or after birth. (memorialhermann.org)
The antibodies are in the liquid part of the blood, the plasma," he explains, "so we washed that out and kept only the red blood cells-the good cells-and gave just the red blood cells through an intrauterine transfusion. (memorialhermann.org)
If the mother is Rh negative and the baby is Rh positive, the mother produces antibodies (including IgG ) against the Rhesus D antigens on her baby's red blood cells . (bionity.com)
This is passive immunity and the effect of the immunity will wear off after about 4 to 6 weeks (or longer depending on injected dose) as the anti-Rh antibodies gradually decline to zero in the maternal blood. (bionity.com)
Testing is done to look for for Rh positive antibodies in your blood. (chkd.org)
This can show your baby's blood group, Rh factor, red blood cell count, and antibodies. (chkd.org)
If she is ever carrying another Rh-positive child, her Rh antibodies will recognize the Rh proteins on the surface of the baby's blood cells as foreign. (kidshealth.org)
This stabilizes the level of red blood cells and minimizes damage from Rh antibodies already in the baby's bloodstream. (kidshealth.org)
The mother produces substances called antibodies that attack the developing babys red blood cells. (indiatoday.in)

Fetal survival after transfusion depends upon the severity of the fetus's illness, the method of transfusion, and the skill of the doctor who does the procedure. (rexhealth.com)
Almost 20 years later, the procedure was improved to a transfusion into the umbilical vein, which allowed for better absorption of red blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
Prior to the procedure, compatible blood is obtained. (wikipedia.org)
This procedure is called an intrauterine transfusion or fetal blood transfusion. (mercy.net)
Procedure time for the bolus transfusion was shorter than for the exchange transfusion (t test, p less than 0.001). (biomedsearch.com)
Herein, we described a case of grade IV intraventricular hemorrhage that was diagnosed following the first intrauterine transfusion and reviewed the literature about the fetal intracranial hemorrhage that occurred after intrauterine intravascular transfusion procedure. (hindawi.com)
In many rodent laboratories, blood samples are collected from rats using the tail vein nick procedure and analyzed to quantify blood corticosterone levels as an indicator of stress. (biomedsearch.com)
All specimen collection and labeling must be done in accordance with The RCH specime n collection procedure and blood transfusion - fresh blood products procedure . (rch.org.au)

In rare cases, if the incompatibility is severe and a baby is in danger, the baby can get special blood transfusions called exchange transfusions either before birth (intrauterine fetal transfusions) or after delivery. (kidshealth.org)

Erythroblastosis fetalis can be caused due to incompatibility of either of two major blood types. (medindia.net)
Intrauterine transfusions for red blood cell maternofetal incompatibility in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy. (nih.gov)
Blood type incompatibility, fetomaternal transfusion syndrome and human parvovirus B19 infection can be identified by blood tests for blood type, HbF, and human parvovirus B19 IgM, but fetal gastrointestinal bleeding is difficult to diagnose. (scirp.org)
Rh incompatibility usually isn't a problem if it's the mother's first pregnancy because, unless there's some sort of abnormality, the fetus's blood does not normally enter the mother's circulatory system during the course of the pregnancy. (kidshealth.org)

The aim of our study was to evaluate the middle cerebral artery velocimetry before and after intrauterine blood transfusion in immune hydrops fetalis. (biomedsearch.com)
Primary maternal infection with parvovirus B19 is associated with asymptomatic fetal infection, hydrops fetalis, intrauterine death, and birth defects. (springer.com)
Hydrops fetalis can only be treated by intra-uterine blood transfusions and regular transfusions, after the baby is born. (thalassaemia.org.cy)

In a Doppler ultrasound, high-frequency sound waves measure blood flow to the unborn baby. (barnesjewish.org)
60 cc/kg/day) will undergo pre- and post-feed superior mesenteric artery Doppler studies both before and after a blood transfusion. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This is particularly important in neurology, where carotid ultrasound is used for assessing blood flow and stenoses in the carotid arteries, and transcranial Doppler is used for imaging flow in the intracerebral arteries. (wikipedia.org)
The high precision Doppler ultrasound uses sound waves to detect the movement of blood in vessels. (manipalhospitals.com)
intrauterine blood transfusion and repeat Doppler 5-10 hours later. (fetalmedicine.com)
Stage 3 is identified when the blood flow patterns (Doppler studies) have become critically abnormal. (evergreenhealth.com)

Her blood test revealed anti-M IgG antibody in serum. (jisikworld.com)
Every patient receiving a fresh blood product needs a valid pretransfusion compatibility testing/blood group and antibody screen performed at the Royal Children's Hospital (RCH) prior to blood transfusion. (rch.org.au)
If a patient is having a planned surgery where blood loss is expected, or they may require a planned RBC transfusion, an order for a blood group and antibody screen should be made. (rch.org.au)
A blood group and antibody screen expires 72 hours after collection. (rch.org.au)
A fresh blood group and antibody screen will be required for any units not commenced within the 72 hour period. (rch.org.au)
If a unit of red cells is ordered in EMR without a current blood group and antibody screen, a prompt will appear with the option to order a blood group and antibody screen at the time of ordering the red cells. (rch.org.au)
Extended expiry allows patients having a planned admission for spinal, craniofacial or cardiac surgery to have a blood group and antibody screen performed and remain valid for 30 days before their planned date of surgery. (rch.org.au)
For the the extended expiry blood group antibody screen to remain valid, certain conditions must be met prior to sampling and maintained throughout the 30 day period. (rch.org.au)
Another blood test will be required to ensure to confirm the blood group and antibody screen. (rch.org.au)
The neonatal extended expiry (ASBT protocol) prevents repeated blood group antibody screening prior to transfusion for infants during the first 4 months of life. (rch.org.au)
After a special blood transfusion, one mother is able to battle against a rare antibody to have a healthy pregnancy. (memorialhermann.org)
The cause was a rare type of U antibody Christopher carries in her blood, which was only discovered after her son was born. (memorialhermann.org)
During that pregnancy, some of the red blood cells leaked over from the baby and she developed the U antibody, but doctors don't conduct a second test if the first is negative," explains Dr. Kenneth J. Moise, Jr., co-director of The Fetal Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital , and professor in the department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences at McGovern Medical School at UTHealth. (memorialhermann.org)
An extremely rare condition affecting only 0.1 percent of mothers, the U antibody anomoly causes the mother's blood to attack the red blood cells of her child in utero. (memorialhermann.org)
The flow cytometry is based on the detection of fetal red blood cells using a monoclonal anti-HbF antibody, and is the method most indicated for this estimation. (readbyqxmd.com)
Other ways Rh-negative pregnant women can be exposed to the Rh protein that might cause antibody production include blood transfusions with Rh-positive blood, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy. (kidshealth.org)

Eight Rh-sensitized fetuses, between 21 weeks 2 days and 35 weeks of gestation, received 31 intravascular transfusions (13 exchange and 18 bolus) and one intraperitoneal transfusion under ultrasonographic guidance. (biomedsearch.com)
3 - 7 At 30 weeks of gestation, approximately one half of the fetoplacental blood volume of ∼110 mL/kg remains outside the newborn infant's circulation if the umbilical cord is clamped immediately. (aappublications.org)
We report the effect of DCC on the infants' measured blood volumes for groups of preterm infants (24[0/7] to 32[6/7] weeks of gestation) delivered vaginally or through cesarean section. (aappublications.org)

Intrauterine transfusions rarely have complications. (mercy.net)
Prophylactic transfusion in pregnant women with SCD may reduce maternal mortality, vaso-occlusive pain events, and pulmonary complications. (bloodjournal.org)
There were no further complications after the in-utero transfusion, and Christopher gave birth to a healthy daughter, Lena, last October-a great relief to Christopher and her husband, especially given their rocky first birth. (memorialhermann.org)
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to report on the prevalence and management of late complications in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) treated by laser therapy when both twins are alive 1 week after surgery. (kuleuven.be)

If the baby's Rh factor is positive, like his or her father's, this can be an issue if the baby's red blood cells cross to the Rh negative mother. (ahealthyme.com)
It occurs when your baby's red blood cells break down at a fast rate. (chkd.org)
This can make the baby's red blood cells swell and rupture. (kidshealth.org)

The maternal and fetal medicine specialists at Mercy perform fetal blood transfusions in the hospital. (mercy.net)

Currently a disparity exists among the NICU staff at Magee-Womens Hospital regarding whether premature infants should be fed during a blood transfusion. (clinicaltrials.gov)
We hypothesize that the post-prandial change in mesenteric blood flow velocity (BFV) will be the same before as after a packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion among anemic premature infants. (clinicaltrials.gov)
In each weight stratum the infants will be randomized to feeding or NPO during the PRBC transfusion. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The primary outcome for the study is the superior mesenteric artery blood flow velocity response to feeding between anemic and non-anemic states among premature infants. (clinicaltrials.gov)
To investigate whether it was possible to promote placental blood transfer to infants at preterm delivery by (1) delaying cord clamping, (2) holding the infant below the placenta, and (3) administering an oxytocic agent to the mother, we measured the infants' blood volumes. (aappublications.org)
The blood volume was significantly increased by DCC for infants delivered vaginally. (aappublications.org)
2 Augmenting the placental transfusion and increasing the newborn infant's blood volume by delaying cord clamping has been well documented for term infants. (aappublications.org)
8 Reports on placental transfusion and measured newborn infants' blood volumes are very limited for preterm infants. (aappublications.org)
11 , 17 , 18 DCC resulted in higher blood pressure and improved blood glucose homeostasis for preterm infants soon after birth, 19 and DCC may also reduce intraventricular hemorrhage among preterm infants. (aappublications.org)
The use of exogenous erythropoetin (EPO) to reduce the need for transfusion in preterm infants has been the subject of many clinical trials. (adhb.govt.nz)
Infants weighing less than 1,500, those with immunodeficiency and stem cell transplant recipients, are at greatest risk of transfusion transmitted CMV disease. (adhb.govt.nz)
Pubmed ID: 11861949 Among preterm infants there is a relationship between skin blood flow and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). (jove.com)

The Kidd (Jk) system is one of the most important blood group systems in transfusion medicine due to immediate or delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions as well as hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN). (jisikworld.com)
hemolytic transfusion reactions as well as hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN). (jisikworld.com)
Immediate clamping of the umbilical cord for animals (foals, infant rabbits/bunnies, and puppies) causes an approximately 30% to 50% reduction in the newborn animals' blood volume, compared with the prenatal fetoplacental blood volume, 1 as well as a pulmonary syndrome resembling respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). (aappublications.org)
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a blood problem in newborn babies. (chkd.org)
A baby's blood count can get dangerously low when this condition, known as hemolytic or Rh disease of the newborn , happens. (kidshealth.org)
A baby with haemolytic disease of the newborn, who received five intrauterine blood transfusions from 20 weeks gestation, has been safely delivered at St George's. (stgeorges.nhs.uk)

Thanks to the success rate of Rh immune-globulin shots, exchange transfusions in Rh-incompatible pregnancies are rarely needed in the United States. (kidshealth.org)
Because of the success rate of the Rh immune-globulin shots, exchange transfusions are needed in fewer than 1% of Rh-incompatible pregnancies in the United States today. (kidshealth.org)

If you've been diagnosed with the condition, you should be extra vigilant about rest and a healthy diet to try and prevent intrauterine growth restriction. (healthline.com)

If you lose a large amount of blood you may require a blood transfusion, which will also be given through an IV. (healthline.com)

Additionally there have been reports of Zika virus transmission through blood transfusion in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
In 2002, WNV transmission through blood transfusion and organ transplantation was described for the first time, intrauterine transmission was first documented, and possible transmission through breastfeeding was reported. (cdc.gov)

Normally, red blood cells (RBCs) last for about 120 days in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
In this disorder, RBCs in the blood are destroyed quickly and thus do not last as long. (medlineplus.gov)
During pregnancy, RBCs from the unborn baby can cross into the mother's blood through the placenta. (medlineplus.gov)
The World Health Organization (WHO) technical report in 1971 recommended that a dose of 25 mcg (125 IU) of anti-D immunoglobulin G (IgG) should be given intramuscularly for every 1 mL of fetomaternal hemorrhage of Rh-positive packed RBCs or 2 mL of whole blood. (medscape.com)
Expression is limited to red blood cells (RBCs), with an increasing density during their maturation, unlike the ABH system, which exists in a wide variety of tissues. (medscape.com)
An Rh factor is a protein found on some red blood cells (RBCs). (kidshealth.org)
People with different blood types have proteins specific to that blood type on the surfaces of their red blood cells (RBCs). (kidshealth.org)
Each of the four blood types is further classified based on the presence of another protein on the surface of RBCs that indicates the Rh factor. (kidshealth.org)

Risks of intrauterine transfusions may include uterine infection, fetal infection, preterm labor, excessive bleeding and mixing of fetal and maternal blood, amniotic fluid leakage from the uterus, or (rarely) fetal death. (wikipedia.org)
Fetal Brain Injury Associated with Parvovirus B19 Congenital Infection Requiring Intrauterine Transfusion. (nih.gov)
If the endometrium is irritated this may cause an increase in blood loss, which may be a result of infection such as chronic or acute pelvic inflammatory disease or using the contraceptive intrauterine device. (medic8.com)

When the disease is moderate or severe, many erythroblasts (immature red blood cells) are present in the fetal blood, and so these forms of the disease can be called erythroblastosis fetalis (or erythroblastosis foetalis ). (wikipedia.org)
Two blood group systems, Rh and ABO , primarily are associated with erythroblastosis fetalis. (britannica.com)
Erythroblastosis means making immature red blood cells. (chkd.org)

Exchange transfusions replace the baby's blood with blood with Rh-negative blood cells. (kidshealth.org)

Bleeding from the puncture site complicated 10 of the 31 intravascular transfusions, without apparent maternal or fetal consequences. (biomedsearch.com)

At this point, invasive testing via percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling (PUBS, also called cordocentesis), potentially followed by fetal transfusion is indicated. (wikipedia.org)
Fetal blood sampling (FBS) refers to three techniques used to gain access to fetal blood: cordocentesis - also known as percutaneous umbilical blood sampling, intrahepatic blood sampling, and cardiocentesis. (manipalhospitals.com)
After admission, MCA-PSV remained high, so we prepared for cordocentesis and fetal transfusion, but labor suppression was disabled at 35 weeks 3 days of pregnancy, and she underwent an emergency cesarean section. (scirp.org)
Provide guidance for other testing, such as amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, and cordocentesis or procedures such as intrauterine blood transfusions or other in-utero fetal therapeutic procedures. (unicare.com)

This is a major cause of HDN, because 75% of pregnancies result in some contact between fetal and maternal blood, and 15-50% of pregnancies have hemorrhages with the potential for immune sensitization. (wikipedia.org)
And while both of her pregnancies ended well, fetal blood transfusions are extremely tricky, so Dr. Moise is hoping to find ways to avoid them whenever possible. (memorialhermann.org)
The team also investigated the risk of developing twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome - a rare but life-threatening condition that affects 10 to 15 percent of identical twins that share a placenta - in these pregnancies and whether the risk of perinatal death can be predicted. (stgeorges.nhs.uk)

Participants Adults who received intrauterine transfusion for anaemia due to rhesus disease (exposed) and their unexposed sibling(s). (bmj.com)
Conclusions This study provides the first evidence in humans that cardiovascular development is altered following exposure to fetal anaemia and intrauterine transfusion, with persistence of these changes into adulthood potentially indicating increased risk of cardiovascular disease. (bmj.com)
At the extreme, very small transducers can be mounted on small diameter catheters and placed into blood vessels to image the walls and disease of those vessels. (wikipedia.org)
The objective of this systematic review was to assess the effect of prophylactic compared with on-demand red blood cell transfusions on maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with sickle cell disease. (bloodjournal.org)
5 It has been postulated that hypertension and cerebrovascular disease are important risk factors for severe disease by promoting virus entry and replication in the blood-brain barrier endothelium. (uspharmacist.com)
Irradiated blood components are used to prevent Transfusion-associated graft-versus host disease (TA-GVHD) the primary cause of which is proliferation and engraftment of transfused donor T-lymphocytes in the bone marrow of susceptible recipients. (transfusion.com.au)
HbH disease is a non-transfusion-dependent thalassaemia (NTDT) and can have a spectrum of severity. (thalassaemia.org.cy)
Keywords: autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, cold RECOMMENDATION.html) and the GRADE working haemagglutinin disease, paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria, group website http://www.gradeworkinggroup.org transfusion, rituximab. (scribd.com)

The types are based on small substances (antigens) on the surface of the blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
A, B, AB, and O are the 4 major blood group antigens or types. (medlineplus.gov)
There are other, much less common, types of mismatch between minor blood group antigens. (medlineplus.gov)
When only the A antigen is present, the blood group is A. When only the B antigen is present, the blood group is B. When both A and B antigens are present, the blood group is AB. (medindia.net)
They code for 5 major antigens denoted by letters, C, c, E, e, and D. Rh blood group antigens are inherited as determined by at least 2 homologous but distinct membrane-associated proteins. (medscape.com)
We hypothesized that breastfeeding, received by the mother, may affect her immunity against non-inherited maternal red blood cell antigens. (haematologica.org)

After delivery bilirubin is no longer cleared (via the placenta) from the neonate's blood and the symptoms of jaundice (yellowish skin and yellow discoloration of the whites of the eyes, or icterus ) increase within 24 hours after birth. (wikipedia.org)
Fetal-maternal hemorrhage , which is the movement of fetal blood cells across the placenta, can occur during abortion , ectopic pregnancy , childbirth , ruptures in the placenta during pregnancy (often caused by trauma), or medical procedures carried out during pregnancy that breach the uterine wall. (wikipedia.org)
Waiting for 30 to 120 seconds before clamping the cord allows about 15 to 20 mls/kg of blood to move from the placenta to the baby. (adhb.govt.nz)
It is thus used in pregnancy to study blood circulation in the baby, uterus and placenta. (manipalhospitals.com)
Polycythemia in newborns (neonatal polycythemia) is often caused by transfer of maternal blood from the placenta or blood transfusions. (emedicinehealth.com)
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) stem cells are hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) that are recovered from the blood of the umbilical cord and placenta after birth. (asu.edu)

of these, four were intrauterine and one was an early neonatal death due to non-resolved hydrops and severe cardiac dysfunction. (elsevier.com)
Prophylactic transfusion in pregnant women with SCD may similarly reduce perinatal mortality, neonatal death, and preterm birth. (bloodjournal.org)
Like other forms of severe neonatal jaundice , there is the possibility of the neonate developing acute or chronic kernicterus , however the risk of kernicterus in HDN is higher because of the rapid and massive destruction of blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
New Zealand Blood Service currently provides two types of red cell components for neonatal use. (adhb.govt.nz)

Blood flow is measured by an ultrasound test. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) uses a specially designed catheter, with a miniaturized ultrasound probe attached to its distal end, which is then threaded inside a blood vessel. (wikipedia.org)
The proximal end of the catheter is attached to computerized ultrasound equipment and allows the application of ultrasound technology, such as piezoelectric transducer or CMUT, to visualize the endothelium (inner wall) of blood vessels in living individuals. (wikipedia.org)
In the case of the common and potentially, serious problem of blood clots in the deep veins of the leg, ultrasound plays a key diagnostic role, while ultrasonography of chronic venous insufficiency of the legs focuses on more superficial veins to assist with planning of suitable interventions to relieve symptoms or improve cosmetics. (wikipedia.org)
If your healthcare provider notices signs that your baby is not progressing as expected, they will run additional tests to determine an underlying cause, including an ultrasound and blood tests. (healthline.com)
We perform over 7,000 ultrasound scans, 410 invasive procedures checking the chromosomes of babies, 48 intrauterine blood transfusions and around 40 fetoscopic laser ablations. (oireachtas.ie)

22 , 23 There is concern that excessive placental transfusion could result in polycythemia, hypervolemia, 24 and hyperbilirubinemia. (aappublications.org)
Polycythemia refers to an elevated number of red blood cells (termed erythrocytes) in the circulation. (emedicinehealth.com)
This can occur either as a primary condition in which the bone marrow produces too many red blood cells (called polycythemia vera) or it may occur as a reaction to other diseases and conditions (such as hypoxia or low oxygen levels due to any reason) that drive the body to produce an increased number of red blood cells. (emedicinehealth.com)
In primary polycythemia, inherent or acquired problems with red blood cell production lead to polycythemia. (emedicinehealth.com)
Polycythemia vera (PV) is related to a genetic mutation in the JAK2 gene, which is thought to increase the sensitivity of bone marrow cells to Epo, resulting in increased red blood cell production. (emedicinehealth.com)
Primary familial and congenital polycythemia (PFCP) is a condition related to a mutation in the EPOR gene and causes increased production of red blood cells in response to Epo. (emedicinehealth.com)
Contrary to primary polycythemia in which overproduction of red blood cell results from increased sensitivity or responsiveness to Epo (often with lower than normal levels of Epo), in secondary polycythemia, more red cells are produced because of high levels of circulating Epo. (emedicinehealth.com)
Polycythemia means increased red blood cell volume. (medicinenet.com)
Polycythemia is treated by phlebotomy (controlled blood letting) and hydroxyurea . (medicinenet.com)
Polycythemia is a condition that results in an increased level of circulating red blood cells in the bloodstream. (medicinenet.com)
People with polycythemia have an increase in hematocrit , hemoglobin , or red blood cell count above the normal limits. (medicinenet.com)
Polycythemia is normally reported in terms of increased hematocrit (hematocrit is the ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood) or hemoglobin concentration (hemoglobin is a protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood). (medicinenet.com)
In primary polycythemia the increase in red blood cells is due to inherent problems in the process of red blood cell production. (medicinenet.com)
Secondary polycythemia generally occurs as a response to other factors or underlying conditions that promote red blood cell production. (medicinenet.com)
In primary polycythemia, abnormalities in red blood cell production cause an increase in red cell count . (medicinenet.com)
In secondary polycythemia, factors external to red blood cell production (for example, hypoxia, sleep apnea , certain tumors) result in polycythemia. (medicinenet.com)
Polycythemia vera is typically associated with an elevated white blood cell count (leukocytosis) and platelet count (thrombocytosis). (rxlist.com)

Other documented modes of Zika virus transmission include intrauterine and perinatal transmission, sexual transmission and laboratory exposures. (cdc.gov)
All these data concern prevention of intrauterine and perinatal transmission in mothers with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis and/or high titers of HBV DNA. (medhelp.org)

A prospective, multicenter, randomized trial is needed to determine whether the potential benefits balance the risks of prophylactic transfusions. (bloodjournal.org)
Thus the possible benefits of transfusion need to be balanced against the known (and unknown) risks for each individual baby. (adhb.govt.nz)
However, oral iron supplementation can lead to significant side effects resulting in non-compliance in many patients and the risks for RBC transfusion are well described and should be avoided whenever possible. (scribd.com)

We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords Rh isoimmunization "OR" intrauterine transfusion "AND" intracranial hemorrhage "OR" brain injury "OR" brain damage. (hindawi.com)
Fetal venous, arterial, and intracardiac blood flows in red blood cell isoimmunization. (fetalmedicine.com)

The unit is a supraregional referral centre for the management of feto-fetal transfusion syndrome and its management by fetoscopic laser ablation. (oireachtas.ie)

This is called fetal blood sampling and involves inserting a needle through your abdominal wall and into the uterus. (barnesjewish.org)

Other routes of WNV transmission that were first reported in 2002 included organ transplantation, intrauterine means, and possibly breastfeeding. (uspharmacist.com)

Any evidence of on-going blood loss or haemolysis (e.g. a rhesus baby who d been managed with intra-uterine transfusions). (adhb.govt.nz)

Umbilical blood transfusions are usually done by perinatologists at specialized centers. (rexhealth.com)
On March 4, 2005, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued long-awaited Medicare blood billing guidelines for hospital outpatient departments. (racmonitor.com)

The Maternal/Fetal Medicine group introduces invasive fetal intervention procedures to monitor and treat rare blood disorders in mothers and babies. (mountsinai.on.ca)
Intrauterine blood transfusions were needed to treat the hydrops before the stem cell transplant could be performed," said Juan Gonzalez Velez , MD, PhD, an obstetrician/gynecologist at the UCSF Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, who performed the transfusions. (ucsf.edu)

Both disorders occur only in monochorionic twins and result from unbalanced blood flow through placental vascular anastomoses. (jove.com)

This is a Phase 3, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to determine the efficacy and safety of luspatercept (ACE-536) plus Best supportive care (BSC) versus placebo plus BSC in adults who require regular red blood cell transfusion due to (β)-thalassemia. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Hematological improvement(HI) is defined as ≥ 33% reduction from baseline in red blood cell count (RBC) transfusion burden with a reduction of at least 2 units from Week 13 to Week 24 compared to the 12-week. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Studies assessing the effects of prophylactic red blood cell transfusions on these outcomes have drawn inconsistent conclusions. (bloodjournal.org)
Serum ferritin and cobalamin in red blood cell isoimmunisation. (fetalmedicine.com)
The particular signs and symptoms depend on the reason for the elevated red blood cell count . (emedicinehealth.com)
The main reasons for higher than normal Epo are chronic hypoxia (poor blood oxygen levels over the long-term), poor oxygen delivery due to abnormal red blood cell structure, and tumors releasing inappropriately high amounts of Epo. (emedicinehealth.com)
Blood count results revealed that her maternal hemoglobin (Hgb) level was 8.5g/dL, platelet (Plt) count was 65×10 9 plt/L, red blood cell (RBC) count was 2.8×10 9 cells/L, white blood cell (WBC) count was 45×10 9 cells/L with 50 percent blast cells, hematocrit (Hct) was 29 percent, and sedimentation rate was 35mm. (springer.com)
The objective of this study was to quantify fetal red blood cell levels of pregnant women using flow cytometry. (readbyqxmd.com)
More oxygen can be carried to tissues when erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow to compensate for the hypoxia. (medicinenet.com)
Red cell count signifies the number of red blood cells in a volume of blood. (medicinenet.com)
She has been discharged from the hospital and has returned with her family to their home in Hawaii, although she will require further blood transfusions or another stem cell transplant to remain healthy. (ucsf.edu)
Primary polycythemias are due to acquired or inherited genetic mutations causing abnormally high levels of red blood cell precursors. (rxlist.com)
These mutations are thought to possibly increase the sensitivity of the red blood cell precursors to erythropoietin, thereby, increasing red blood cell production. (rxlist.com)
these include oral iron supplementation, which can be ineffective and poorly tolerated, and red blood cell transfusions, which carry an inherent risk and should be avoided. (scribd.com)
For many decades the mainstay treatment of IDA has been oral iron and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. (scribd.com)

Objective To compare long-term cardiovascular outcomes in survivors of fetal anaemia and intrauterine transfusion with those of non-anaemic siblings. (bmj.com)
Exposure Fetal anaemia requiring intrauterine transfusion. (bmj.com)
These findings are relevant to the long-term health of intrauterine transfusion recipients, and may potentially also have implications for adults born preterm who were exposed to anaemia at a similar postconceptual age. (bmj.com)
Abnormal blood loss may exceed the body's iron reserves, which may contribute to anaemia. (medic8.com)
In some centres in-utero blood transfusion is offered which treats the anaemia and allows the birth of the child who however, will require lifelong blood transfusion and special medical care. (thalassaemia.org.cy)
Deliveries by both caesarean section and vaginal deliveries that require instrumentation/intervention represent an even greater risk increasing a woman's vulnerability for peri-partum blood transfusion, chronic iron deficiency anaemia and iron store depletion, all compromising maternal wellbeing. (scribd.com)

Rh is short for the "rhesus" antigen or blood type. (medlineplus.gov)
ABO blood group system and the D antigen of the Rhesus (Rh) blood group system typing are routine prior to transfusion. (wikipedia.org)

We laser treat the communicating placental blood vessels in twin to twin transfusion syndrome at 24 weeks and avert disaster for the twins. (consciencelaws.org)

A blood transfusion is given to replace fetal red blood cells that are being destroyed by the Rh-sensitized mother's immune system. (rexhealth.com)
The Rh factor is a protein on the covering of the red blood cells. (ahealthyme.com)
But it may also happen any time the mom's and baby's blood cells mix. (ahealthyme.com)
The Rh negative mom's immune system sees the baby's Rh positive red blood cells as foreign. (ahealthyme.com)
This is a substance that is released when blood cells break down. (ahealthyme.com)
This test puts red blood cells into your baby's circulation. (ahealthyme.com)
Our red blood cells carry oxygen and nutrients to the rest of our bodies, and are vitally important to our health. (mercy.net)
Sensitization of the mother's immune system (immunization) occurs when fetal red blood cells that carry the Rh factor (an antigen in this context) cross the placental barrier and enter the mother's bloodstream. (britannica.com)
The risk can be reduced if the mother receives injections of Rh immunoglobulin , which destroys fetal red blood cells in her bloodstream, during her first pregnancy. (britannica.com)
Red Blood Cells Platelets Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) Cryoprecipitated Anti-hemophilic Factor Granulocytes. (slideserve.com)
The chronic leukemias, which are the focus of this discussion, are genetically identical or clonal proliferations of myeloid or lymphoid cells which, in contrast to acute leukemias, are characterized by the accumulation of relatively more mature cells within the blood, bone marrow, and parenchymal organs. (thefreelibrary.com)
Levels of other types of blood cells (white blood cells and platelets) are also often increased in this condition. (emedicinehealth.com)
2,3-BPG deficiency is a condition in which the hemoglobin molecule in the red blood cells has an abnormal structure. (emedicinehealth.com)
This results in more red blood cells being produced in response to what the tissues in the body perceive as an inadequate oxygen level. (emedicinehealth.com)
The outcome is more circulating red blood cells. (emedicinehealth.com)
Predictive value of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and white blood cells for chorioamnionitis among women with preterm premature rupture of membranes. (amedeo.com)
A blood count performed at this time revealed a RBC count of 2.5×10 9 cells/L, WBC count of 30.8×10 9 cells/L, Plt count of 41×10 9 plt/L, Hgb level of 6.6g/dL, and Hct of 22.2 percent. (springer.com)
Hemolytic means breaking down of red blood cells. (chkd.org)
But it may also happen any time the mother's and baby's blood cells mix. (chkd.org)
The Rh negative mother's immune system sees the baby's Rh positive red blood cells as foreign. (chkd.org)
Hematocrit is the ratio of the volume of red cells to the volume of whole blood. (medicinenet.com)
Hemoglobin is a protein in the red blood cells that carries oxygen and gives blood its red color. (medicinenet.com)
Umbilical cord blood is rich in cells that express the CD34 molecule, a surface protein that identifies cells as stem cells. (asu.edu)
Active acute or chronic infections (assessed by clinical judgment), supplied with white blood cells (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP). (clinicaltrials.gov)
The infant, who had been critically ill during the second-trimester of pregnancy due to alpha thalassemia, is the first patient enrolled in the world's first clinical trial using blood stem cells transplanted prior to birth. (ucsf.edu)
A marked increase in plasma proteins (for example, monoclonal immunoglobulin in myeloma) or cellular constituents (for example, white blood cells in acute leukaemia) will raise the overall blood viscosity. (bmj.com)

Early IUTs involved transfusion into the fetal peritoneum (abdomen). (wikipedia.org)

Fetal middle cerebral artery systolic maximum blood flow velocity (MCA-PSV) was 84.11 cm/sec ( Figure 2 ). (scirp.org)

Severe HDN may be treated before birth by intrauterine blood transfusions. (medlineplus.gov)
The main and most frequent sensitizing event is child birth (about 86% of sensitized cases), but fetal blood may pass into the maternal circulation earlier during the pregnancy (about 14% of sensitized cases) [1] . (bionity.com)
During the birth, though, the mother's and baby's blood can mix. (kidshealth.org)
Her birth suggests that fetal therapy, including fetal transfusions, is a viable option to offer to families with this diagnosis," MacKenzie said. (ucsf.edu)
After birth, a transfusion may need to be performed. (indiatoday.in)

Transfusions can be given through the fetal abdomen or, more commonly, by delivering the blood into the umbilical vein or artery. (rexhealth.com)
If insertion into an umbilical vessel is not possible, blood may be transfused into the fetal abdomen. (wikipedia.org)

Blood viscosity will often be more than four times the normal viscosity before symptoms occur. (bmj.com)

Fresh donor blood is infused. (medlineplus.gov)
15 , 16 Early cord clamping (ECC) at preterm delivery results in hypovolemia, 8 and placental transfusion may reduce the need for donor blood transfusion. (aappublications.org)
14 This led to the FDA approval and implementation of WNV nucleic acid amplification tests to screen donor blood and prevent the spread of WNV via blood products. (uspharmacist.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms4

Diseases47

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment82

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Humanities2

Information Science7

Named Groups4

Health Care39

Geographicals1

Intrauterine management of fetal parvovirus B19 infection. (1/64)

Cardiac changes in fetuses secondary to immune hemolytic anemia and their relation to hemoglobin and catecholamine concentrations in fetal blood. (2/64)

Perinatal management of fetal hemolytic disease due to Rh incompatibility combined with fetal alloimmune thrombocytopenia due to HPA-5b incompatibility. (3/64)

Pathophysiology and treatment of fetal anemia due to placental chorioangioma. (4/64)

Survival of donor cells 25 years after intrauterine transfusion. (5/64)

Dual natriuretic peptide response to volume load in the fetal circulation. (6/64)

Hydrops fetalis-associated congenital dyserythropoietic anemia treated with intrauterine transfusions and bone marrow transplantation. (7/64)

Management of single fetal death in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: a role for fetal blood sampling. (8/64)

Blood Transfusion

Blood Transfusion, Autologous

Erythrocyte Transfusion

Platelet Transfusion

Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood

Blood Component Transfusion

Blood Loss, Surgical

Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine

Blood Banks

Blood Donors

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching

Operative Blood Salvage

Fetofetal Transfusion

Anemia

Postoperative Hemorrhage

Tranexamic Acid

Hemoglobins

Antifibrinolytic Agents

Intraoperative Care

Jehovah's Witnesses

Blood Preservation

Blood Group Incompatibility

Retrospective Studies

Treatment Outcome

Blood Safety

Anemia, Neonatal

Leukocyte Transfusion

Hemodilution

Perioperative Care

Blood Substitutes

Plateletpheresis

beta-Thalassemia

Erythroblastosis, Fetal

Isoantibodies

Postoperative Complications

Hemostatics

Erythropoietin

Leukocyte Reduction Procedures

Anemia, Sickle Cell

Hemorrhage

Hemostasis, Surgical

Risk Factors

Prospective Studies

Preoperative Care

Red Cross

Time Factors

Fetomaternal Transfusion

Surgical Procedures, Elective

Blood-Borne Pathogens

Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Postoperative Care

Hepatitis C

Rh Isoimmunization

Hematinics

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

Aprotinin

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee

Iron Overload

Length of Stay

Chelation Therapy

Cardiac Surgical Procedures

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Infant, Newborn

Plasma

Platelet Count

Thalassemia

Thrombocytopenia

Hepatitis C Antibodies

Blood Coagulation Disorders

Surgical Procedures, Operative

Phlebotomy

Hepatectomy

Chi-Square Distribution

Reticulocyte Count

Hematocrit

Aminocaproic Acid

Hepatitis, Viral, Human

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome

Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage