Blood coagulation. Medical search

The process of the interaction of BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS that results in an insoluble FIBRIN clot.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, that are involved in the blood coagulation process.

Laboratory tests for evaluating the individual's clotting mechanism.

A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.

Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.

Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. It serves as a cofactor with factor VIIa to activate factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.

Activated form of factor X that participates in both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of blood coagulation. It catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in conjunction with other cofactors.

Clotting time of PLASMA recalcified in the presence of excess TISSUE THROMBOPLASTIN. Factors measured are FIBRINOGEN; PROTHROMBIN; FACTOR V; FACTOR VII; and FACTOR X. It is used for monitoring anticoagulant therapy with COUMARINS.

Heat- and storage-stable plasma protein that is activated by tissue thromboplastin to form factor VIIa in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. The activated form then catalyzes the activation of factor X to factor Xa.

The time required for the appearance of FIBRIN strands following the mixing of PLASMA with phospholipid platelet substitute (e.g., crude cephalins, soybean phosphatides). It is a test of the intrinsic pathway (factors VIII, IX, XI, and XII) and the common pathway (fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors V and X) of BLOOD COAGULATION. It is used as a screening test and to monitor HEPARIN therapy.

Storage-stable glycoprotein blood coagulation factor that can be activated to factor Xa by both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. A deficiency of factor X, sometimes called Stuart-Prower factor deficiency, may lead to a systemic coagulation disorder.

A plasma protein that is the inactive precursor of thrombin. It is converted to thrombin by a prothrombin activator complex consisting of factor Xa, factor V, phospholipid, and calcium ions. Deficiency of prothrombin leads to hypoprothrombinemia.

Storage-stable blood coagulation factor acting in the intrinsic pathway. Its activated form, IXa, forms a complex with factor VIII and calcium on platelet factor 3 to activate factor X to Xa. Deficiency of factor IX results in HEMOPHILIA B (Christmas Disease).

Use of a thrombelastograph, which provides a continuous graphic record of the physical shape of a clot during fibrin formation and subsequent lysis.

Activated form of factor VII. Factor VIIa activates factor X in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation.

An enzyme formed from PROTHROMBIN that converts FIBRINOGEN to FIBRIN.

A fibrin-stabilizing plasma enzyme (TRANSGLUTAMINASES) that is activated by THROMBIN and CALCIUM to form FACTOR XIIIA. It is important for stabilizing the formation of the fibrin polymer (clot) which culminates the coagulation cascade.

The time required by whole blood to produce a visible clot.

Activated form of factor XI. In the intrinsic pathway, Factor XI is activated to XIa by factor XIIa in the presence of cofactor HMWK; (HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT KININOGEN). Factor XIa then activates factor IX to factor IXa in the presence of calcium.

Blood-coagulation factor VIII. Antihemophilic factor that is part of the factor VIII/von Willebrand factor complex. Factor VIII is produced in the liver and acts in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. It serves as a cofactor in factor X activation and this action is markedly enhanced by small amounts of thrombin.

The natural enzymatic dissolution of FIBRIN.

Substances, usually endogenous, that act as inhibitors of blood coagulation. They may affect one or multiple enzymes throughout the process. As a group, they also inhibit enzymes involved in processes other than blood coagulation, such as those from the complement system, fibrinolytic enzyme system, blood cells, and bacteria.

Agents that cause clotting.

A plasma alpha 2 glycoprotein that accounts for the major antithrombin activity of normal plasma and also inhibits several other enzymes. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

The process which spontaneously arrests the flow of BLOOD from vessels carrying blood under pressure. It is accomplished by contraction of the vessels, adhesion and aggregation of formed blood elements (eg. ERYTHROCYTE AGGREGATION), and the process of BLOOD COAGULATION.

A vitamin-K dependent zymogen present in the blood, which, upon activation by thrombin and thrombomodulin exerts anticoagulant properties by inactivating factors Va and VIIIa at the rate-limiting steps of thrombin formation.

Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.

Heat- and storage-labile plasma glycoprotein which accelerates the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in blood coagulation. Factor V accomplishes this by forming a complex with factor Xa, phospholipid, and calcium (prothrombinase complex). Deficiency of factor V leads to Owren's disease.

Activated form of factor IX. This activation can take place via the intrinsic pathway by the action of factor XIa and calcium, or via the extrinsic pathway by the action of factor VIIa, thromboplastin, and calcium. Factor IXa serves to activate factor X to Xa by cleaving the arginyl-leucine peptide bond in factor X.

Starches that have been chemically modified so that a percentage of OH groups are substituted with 2-hydroxyethyl ether groups.

Clotting time of PLASMA mixed with a THROMBIN solution. It is a measure of the conversion of FIBRINOGEN to FIBRIN, which is prolonged by AFIBRINOGENEMIA, abnormal fibrinogen, or the presence of inhibitory substances, e.g., fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products, or HEPARIN. BATROXOBIN, a thrombin-like enzyme unaffected by the presence of heparin, may be used in place of thrombin.

Activated form of factor XII. In the initial event in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation, kallikrein (with cofactor HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT KININOGEN) cleaves factor XII to XIIa. Factor XIIa is then further cleaved by kallikrein, plasmin, and trypsin to yield smaller factor XII fragments (Hageman-Factor fragments). These fragments increase the activity of prekallikrein to kallikrein but decrease the procoagulant activity of factor XII.

Agents that prevent clotting.

A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot.

Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. They are also used to treat dehydration.

Stable blood coagulation factor activated by contact with the subendothelial surface of an injured vessel. Along with prekallikrein, it serves as the contact factor that initiates the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. Kallikrein activates factor XII to XIIa. Deficiency of factor XII, also called the Hageman trait, leads to increased incidence of thromboembolic disease. Mutations in the gene for factor XII that appear to increase factor XII amidolytic activity are associated with HEREDITARY ANGIOEDEMA TYPE III.

Stable blood coagulation factor involved in the intrinsic pathway. The activated form XIa activates factor IX to IXa. Deficiency of factor XI is often called hemophilia C.

A lipid cofactor that is required for normal blood clotting. Several forms of vitamin K have been identified: VITAMIN K 1 (phytomenadione) derived from plants, VITAMIN K 2 (menaquinone) from bacteria, and synthetic naphthoquinone provitamins, VITAMIN K 3 (menadione). Vitamin K 3 provitamins, after being alkylated in vivo, exhibit the antifibrinolytic activity of vitamin K. Green leafy vegetables, liver, cheese, butter, and egg yolk are good sources of vitamin K.

A hereditary deficiency of blood coagulation factor XI (also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent or PTA or antihemophilic factor C) resulting in a systemic blood-clotting defect called hemophilia C or Rosenthal's syndrome, that may resemble classical hemophilia.

Endogenous factors and drugs that directly inhibit the action of THROMBIN, usually by blocking its enzymatic activity. They are distinguished from INDIRECT THROMBIN INHIBITORS, such as HEPARIN, which act by enhancing the inhibitory effects of antithrombins.

An absence or reduced level of blood coagulation factor XII. It normally occurs in the absence of patient or family history of hemorrhagic disorders and is marked by prolonged clotting time.

Soluble protein fragments formed by the proteolytic action of plasmin on fibrin or fibrinogen. FDP and their complexes profoundly impair the hemostatic process and are a major cause of hemorrhage in intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis.

Activated form of factor VIII. The B-domain of factor VIII is proteolytically cleaved by thrombin to form factor VIIIa. Factor VIIIa exists as a non-covalent dimer in a metal-linked (probably calcium) complex and functions as a cofactor in the enzymatic activation of factor X by factor IXa. Factor VIIIa is similar in structure and generation to factor Va.

Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.

Non-nucleated disk-shaped cells formed in the megakaryocyte and found in the blood of all mammals. They are mainly involved in blood coagulation.

Activated form of factor V. It is an essential cofactor for the activation of prothrombin catalyzed by factor Xa.

A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.

A cell surface glycoprotein of endothelial cells that binds thrombin and serves as a cofactor in the activation of protein C and its regulation of blood coagulation.

The classic hemophilia resulting from a deficiency of factor VIII. It is an inherited disorder of blood coagulation characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.

Found in various tissues, particularly in four blood-clotting proteins including prothrombin, in kidney protein, in bone protein, and in the protein present in various ectopic calcifications.

The most common mineral of a group of hydrated aluminum silicates, approximately H2Al2Si2O8-H2O. It is prepared for pharmaceutical and medicinal purposes by levigating with water to remove sand, etc. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) The name is derived from Kao-ling (Chinese: "high ridge"), the original site. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The vitamin K-dependent cofactor of activated PROTEIN C. Together with protein C, it inhibits the action of factors VIIIa and Va. A deficiency in protein S; (PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY); can lead to recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis.

A method of tissue ablation and bleeding control that uses ARGON plasma (ionized argon gas) to deliver a current of thermocoagulating energy to the area of tissue to be coagulated.

A deficiency of blood coagulation factor IX inherited as an X-linked disorder. (Also known as Christmas Disease, after the first patient studied in detail, not the holy day.) Historical and clinical features resemble those in classic hemophilia (HEMOPHILIA A), but patients present with fewer symptoms. Severity of bleeding is usually similar in members of a single family. Many patients are asymptomatic until the hemostatic system is stressed by surgery or trauma. Treatment is similar to that for hemophilia A. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1008)

Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of inherited abnormalities in blood coagulation.

Absence or reduced levels of PROTHROMBIN in the blood.

Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders resulting from abnormalities or deficiencies of coagulation proteins.

A plasma protein which is the precursor of kallikrein. Plasma that is deficient in prekallikrein has been found to be abnormal in thromboplastin formation, kinin generation, evolution of a permeability globulin, and plasmin formation. The absence of prekallikrein in plasma leads to Fletcher factor deficiency, a congenital disease.

Two small peptide chains removed from the N-terminal segment of the alpha chains of fibrinogen by the action of thrombin during the blood coagulation process. Each peptide chain contains 18 amino acid residues. In vivo, fibrinopeptide A is used as a marker to determine the rate of conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN K in the diet, characterized by an increased tendency to hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGIC DISORDERS). Such bleeding episodes may be particularly severe in newborn infants. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1182)

A series of progressive, overlapping events, triggered by exposure of the PLATELETS to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Exogenous or endogenous compounds which inhibit SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES.

The attachment of PLATELETS to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of agents (e.g., THROMBIN; COLLAGEN) and is part of the mechanism leading to the formation of a THROMBUS.

Blood coagulation disorder usually inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, though it can be acquired. It is characterized by defective activity in both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, impaired thromboplastin time, and impaired prothrombin consumption.

A family of snakes comprising three subfamilies: Azemiopinae (the mountain viper, the sole member of this subfamily), Viperinae (true vipers), and Crotalinae (pit vipers). They are widespread throughout the world, being found in the United States, Central and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Their venoms act on the blood (hemotoxic) as compared to the venom of elapids which act on the nervous system (neurotoxic). (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, pp333-36)

Transglutaminases catalyze cross-linking of proteins at a GLUTAMINE in one chain with LYSINE in another chain. They include keratinocyte transglutaminase (TGM1 or TGK), tissue transglutaminase (TGM2 or TGC), plasma transglutaminase involved with coagulation (FACTOR XIII and FACTOR XIIIa), hair follicle transglutaminase, and prostate transglutaminase. Although structures differ, they share an active site (YGQCW) and strict CALCIUM dependence.

The use of green light-producing LASERS to stop bleeding. The green light is selectively absorbed by HEMOGLOBIN, thus triggering BLOOD COAGULATION.

Agents acting to arrest the flow of blood. Absorbable hemostatics arrest bleeding either by the formation of an artificial clot or by providing a mechanical matrix that facilitates clotting when applied directly to the bleeding surface. These agents function more at the capillary level and are not effective at stemming arterial or venous bleeding under any significant intravascular pressure.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.

A 3.5 per cent colloidal solution containing urea-cross-linked polymerized peptides. It has a molecular weight of approximately 35,000 and is prepared from gelatin and electrolytes. The polymeric solution is used as a plasma expander.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Procedures using an electrically heated wire or scalpel to treat hemorrhage (e.g., bleeding ulcers) and to ablate tumors, mucosal lesions, and refractory arrhythmias. It is different from ELECTROSURGERY which is used more for cutting tissue than destroying and in which the patient is part of the electric circuit.

A family of ark shell mollusks, in the class BIVALVIA. They have soft bodies with platelike GILLS enclosed within two shells hinged together.

Proteolytic enzymes from the serine endopeptidase family found in normal blood and urine. Specifically, Kallikreins are potent vasodilators and hypotensives and increase vascular permeability and affect smooth muscle. They act as infertility agents in men. Three forms are recognized, PLASMA KALLIKREIN (EC 3.4.21.34), TISSUE KALLIKREIN (EC 3.4.21.35), and PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (EC 3.4.21.77).

A member of the serpin superfamily found in plasma that inhibits the lysis of fibrin clots which are induced by plasminogen activator. It is a glycoprotein, molecular weight approximately 70,000 that migrates in the alpha 2 region in immunoelectrophoresis. It is the principal plasmin inactivator in blood, rapidly forming a very stable complex with plasmin.

An autosomal recessive characteristic or a coagulation disorder acquired in association with VITAMIN K DEFICIENCY. FACTOR VII is a Vitamin K dependent glycoprotein essential to the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.

A disorder of HEMOSTASIS in which there is a tendency for the occurrence of THROMBOSIS.

The number of PLATELETS per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD.

Physiologically inactive substances that can be converted to active enzymes.

Any member of the group of ENDOPEPTIDASES containing at the active site a serine residue involved in catalysis.

Endogenous peptides present in most body fluids. Certain enzymes convert them to active KININS which are involved in inflammation, blood clotting, complement reactions, etc. Kininogens belong to the cystatin superfamily. They are cysteine proteinase inhibitors. HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT KININOGEN; (HMWK); is split by plasma kallikrein to produce BRADYKININ. LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT KININOGEN; (LMWK); is split by tissue kallikrein to produce KALLIDIN.

Lipid-protein complexes involved in the transportation and metabolism of lipids in the body. They are spherical particles consisting of a hydrophobic core of TRIGLYCERIDES and CHOLESTEROL ESTERS surrounded by a layer of hydrophilic free CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and APOLIPOPROTEINS. Lipoproteins are classified by their varying buoyant density and sizes.

Agents that prevent fibrinolysis or lysis of a blood clot or thrombus. Several endogenous antiplasmins are known. The drugs are used to control massive hemorrhage and in other coagulation disorders.

A peptidohydrolytic enzyme that is formed from PREKALLIKREIN by FACTOR XIIA. It activates FACTOR XII; FACTOR VII; and PLASMINOGEN. It is selective for both ARGININE and to a lesser extent LYSINE bonds. EC 3.4.21.34.

Limbless REPTILES of the suborder Serpentes.

Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

Duration of blood flow after skin puncture. This test is used as a measure of capillary and platelet function.

Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-carbon bond. These are the carboxylating enzymes and are mostly biotinyl-proteins. EC 6.4.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

A thrombin receptor subtype that couples to HETEROTRIMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS resulting in the activation of a variety of signaling mechanisms including decreased intracellular CYCLIC AMP, increased TYPE C PHOSPHOLIPASES and increased PHOSPHOLIPASE A2.

A plant genus of the family MORACEAE. Puag-haad extract, from A. lakoocha, contains STILBENES and related 4-substituted RESORCINOLS.

Reduction of blood viscosity usually by the addition of cell free solutions. Used clinically (1) in states of impaired microcirculation, (2) for replacement of intraoperative blood loss without homologous blood transfusion, and (3) in cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia.

Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a serine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and serine and 2 moles of fatty acids.

GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS with a sulfate group esterified to one of the sugar groups.

Precursor of plasmin (FIBRINOLYSIN). It is a single-chain beta-globulin of molecular weight 80-90,000 found mostly in association with fibrinogen in plasma; plasminogen activators change it to fibrinolysin. It is used in wound debriding and has been investigated as a thrombolytic agent.

Activated form of FACTOR XIII, a transglutaminase, which stabilizes the formation of the fibrin polymer (clot) culminating the blood coagulation cascade.

Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.

A high-molecular-weight plasma protein, produced by endothelial cells and megakaryocytes, that is part of the factor VIII/von Willebrand factor complex. The von Willebrand factor has receptors for collagen, platelets, and ristocetin activity as well as the immunologically distinct antigenic determinants. It functions in adhesion of platelets to collagen and hemostatic plug formation. The prolonged bleeding time in VON WILLEBRAND DISEASES is due to the deficiency of this factor.

Serum proteins that inhibit, antagonize, or inactivate COMPLEMENT C1 or its subunits.

Amidines substituted with a benzene group. Benzamidine and its derivatives are known as peptidase inhibitors.

An arthropod subclass (Xiphosura) comprising the North American (Limulus) and Asiatic (Tachypleus) genera of horseshoe crabs.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Spontaneous or near spontaneous bleeding caused by a defect in clotting mechanisms (BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS) or another abnormality causing a structural flaw in the blood vessels (HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS).

A family of proteinase-activated receptors that are specific for THROMBIN. They are found primarily on PLATELETS and on ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. Activation of thrombin receptors occurs through the proteolytic action of THROMBIN, which cleaves the N-terminal peptide from the receptor to reveal a new N-terminal peptide that is a cryptic ligand for the receptor. The receptors signal through HETEROTRIMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS. Small synthetic peptides that contain the unmasked N-terminal peptide sequence can also activate the receptor in the absence of proteolytic activity.

Single-chain polypeptides of about 65 amino acids (7 kDa) from LEECHES that have a neutral hydrophobic N terminus, an acidic hydrophilic C terminus, and a compact, hydrophobic core region. Recombinant hirudins lack tyr-63 sulfation and are referred to as 'desulfato-hirudins'. They form a stable non-covalent complex with ALPHA-THROMBIN, thereby abolishing its ability to cleave FIBRINOGEN.

Hydrolases that specifically cleave the peptide bonds found in PROTEINS and PEPTIDES. Examples of sub-subclasses for this group include EXOPEPTIDASES and ENDOPEPTIDASES.

Venoms from snakes of the subfamily Crotalinae or pit vipers, found mostly in the Americas. They include the rattlesnake, cottonmouth, fer-de-lance, bushmaster, and American copperhead. Their venoms contain nontoxic proteins, cardio-, hemo-, cyto-, and neurotoxins, and many enzymes, especially phospholipases A. Many of the toxins have been characterized.

Proteins synthesized by organisms belonging to the phylum ARTHROPODA. Included in this heading are proteins from the subdivisions ARACHNIDA; CRUSTACEA; and HORSESHOE CRABS. Note that a separate heading for INSECT PROTEINS is listed under this heading.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

A fused four ring compound occurring free or combined in galls. Isolated from the kino of Eucalyptus maculata Hook and E. Hemipholia F. Muell. Activates Factor XII of the blood clotting system which also causes kinin release; used in research and as a dye.

Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot (THROMBUS).

Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.

Hormones produced by invertebrates, usually insects, mollusks, annelids, and helminths.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.

Solutions or mixtures of toxic and nontoxic substances elaborated by snake (Ophidia) salivary glands for the purpose of killing prey or disabling predators and delivered by grooved or hollow fangs. They usually contain enzymes, toxins, and other factors.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

A family of soil bacteria. It also includes some parasitic forms.

The residual portion of BLOOD that is left after removal of BLOOD CELLS by CENTRIFUGATION without prior BLOOD COAGULATION.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

The process whereby PLATELETS adhere to something other than platelets, e.g., COLLAGEN; BASEMENT MEMBRANE; MICROFIBRILS; or other "foreign" surfaces.

A biosensing technique in which biomolecules capable of binding to specific analytes or ligands are first immobilized on one side of a metallic film. Light is then focused on the opposite side of the film to excite the surface plasmons, that is, the oscillations of free electrons propagating along the film's surface. The refractive index of light reflecting off this surface is measured. When the immobilized biomolecules are bound by their ligands, an alteration in surface plasmons on the opposite side of the film is created which is directly proportional to the change in bound, or adsorbed, mass. Binding is measured by changes in the refractive index. The technique is used to study biomolecular interactions, such as antigen-antibody binding.

Arginine derivative which is a substrate for many proteolytic enzymes. As a substrate for the esterase from the first component of complement, it inhibits the action of C(l) on C(4).

A class of receptors that are activated by the action of PROTEINASES. The most notable examples are the THROMBIN RECEPTORS. The receptors contain cryptic ligands that are exposed upon the selective proteolysis of specific N-terminal cleavage sites.

Venoms from SNAKES of the viperid family. They tend to be less toxic than elapid or hydrophid venoms and act mainly on the vascular system, interfering with coagulation and capillary membrane integrity and are highly cytotoxic. They contain large amounts of several enzymes, other factors, and some toxins.

An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.

An infant born at or after 42 weeks of gestation.

Single pavement layer of cells which line the luminal surface of the entire vascular system and regulate the transport of macromolecules and blood components.

A genus of snakes of the family VIPERIDAE. It is distributed in West Pakistan, most of India, Burma, Ceylon, Thailand, southeast China, Taiwan, and a few islands of Indonesia. It hisses loudly when disturbed and strikes with great force and speed. Very prolific, it gives birth to 20-60 young. This viper is the leading cause of snakebite in India and Burma. (Moore: Poisonous Snakes of the World, 1980, p127)

Poisonous animal secretions forming fluid mixtures of many different enzymes, toxins, and other substances. These substances are produced in specialized glands and secreted through specialized delivery systems (nematocysts, spines, fangs, etc.) for disabling prey or predator.

Substances that display the physical properties of ELASTICITY and VISCOSITY. The dual-nature of these substances causes them to resist applied forces in a time-dependent manner.

Fibrinolysin or agents that convert plasminogen to FIBRINOLYSIN.

The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

Linear polymers in which orthophosphate residues are linked with energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds. They are found in plants, animals, and microorganisms.

A genus of venomous snakes of the subfamily Crotalinae. Twelve species of this genus are found in North and Central America and Asia. Agkistrodon contortrix is the copperhead, A. piscivorus, the cottonmouth. The former is named for its russet or orange-brown color, the latter for the white interior of its mouth. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p336; Moore, Poisonous Snakes of the World, 1980, p75)

A clinical condition resulting from repeated physical and psychological injuries inflicted on a child by the parents or caregivers.

Extracellular vesicles generated by the shedding of CELL MEMBRANE blebs.

Important modulators of the activity of plasminogen activators. The inhibitors belong to the serpin family of proteins and inhibit both the tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators.

A product of the lysis of plasminogen (profibrinolysin) by PLASMINOGEN activators. It is composed of two polypeptide chains, light (B) and heavy (A), with a molecular weight of 75,000. It is the major proteolytic enzyme involved in blood clot retraction or the lysis of fibrin and quickly inactivated by antiplasmins.

Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.

A genus of poisonous snakes of the VIPERIDAE family. About 50 species are known and all are found in tropical America and southern South America. Bothrops atrox is the fer-de-lance and B. jararaca is the jararaca. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p336)

Proteins and peptides found in SALIVA and the SALIVARY GLANDS. Some salivary proteins such as ALPHA-AMYLASES are enzymes, but their composition varies in different individuals.

A member of the serpin family of proteins. It inhibits both the tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activators.

Obstruction of a blood vessel (embolism) by a blood clot (THROMBUS) in the blood stream.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

The coagulation of tissue by an intense beam of light, including laser (LASER COAGULATION). In the eye it is used in the treatment of retinal detachments, retinal holes, aneurysms, hemorrhages, and malignant and benign neoplasms. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 3d ed)

A genus of leguminous shrubs or trees, mainly tropical, yielding useful compounds such as ALKALOIDS and PLANT LECTINS.

The internal resistance of the BLOOD to shear forces. The in vitro measure of whole blood viscosity is of limited clinical utility because it bears little relationship to the actual viscosity within the circulation, but an increase in the viscosity of circulating blood can contribute to morbidity in patients suffering from disorders such as SICKLE CELL ANEMIA and POLYCYTHEMIA.

A protein of the annexin family isolated from human PLACENTA and other tissues. It inhibits cytosolic PHOSPHOLIPASE A2, and displays anticoagulant activity.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

A single-chain polypeptide derived from bovine tissues consisting of 58 amino-acid residues. It is an inhibitor of proteolytic enzymes including CHYMOTRYPSIN; KALLIKREIN; PLASMIN; and TRYPSIN. It is used in the treatment of HEMORRHAGE associated with raised plasma concentrations of plasmin. It is also used to reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements in patients at high risk of major blood loss during and following open heart surgery with EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995)

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

A proteolytic enzyme in the serine protease family found in many tissues which converts PLASMINOGEN to FIBRINOLYSIN. It has fibrin-binding activity and is immunologically different from UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR. The primary sequence, composed of 527 amino acids, is identical in both the naturally occurring and synthetic proteases.

The study of fluid channels and chambers of tiny dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers and volumes of nanoliters or picoliters. This is of interest in biological MICROCIRCULATION and used in MICROCHEMISTRY and INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

A deficiency or absence of FIBRINOGEN in the blood.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

A family of serine proteinase inhibitors which are similar in amino acid sequence and mechanism of inhibition, but differ in their specificity toward proteolytic enzymes. This family includes alpha 1-antitrypsin, angiotensinogen, ovalbumin, antiplasmin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, thyroxine-binding protein, complement 1 inactivators, antithrombin III, heparin cofactor II, plasminogen inactivators, gene Y protein, placental plasminogen activator inhibitor, and barley Z protein. Some members of the serpin family may be substrates rather than inhibitors of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES, and some serpins occur in plants where their function is not known.

A sulfated pentosyl polysaccharide with heparin-like properties.

A product formed from skin, white connective tissue, or bone COLLAGEN. It is used as a protein food adjuvant, plasma substitute, hemostatic, suspending agent in pharmaceutical preparations, and in the manufacturing of capsules and suppositories.

OXIDOREDUCTASES which mediate vitamin K metabolism by converting inactive vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to active vitamin K.

A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Laboratory and other services provided to patients at the bedside. These include diagnostic and laboratory testing using automated information entry.

A group of simple proteins that yield basic amino acids on hydrolysis and that occur combined with nucleic acid in the sperm of fish. Protamines contain very few kinds of amino acids. Protamine sulfate combines with heparin to form a stable inactive complex; it is used to neutralize the anticoagulant action of heparin in the treatment of heparin overdose. (From Merck Index, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p692)

Serine proteinase inhibitors which inhibit trypsin. They may be endogenous or exogenous compounds.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A group of substances similar to VITAMIN K 1 which contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinione and an isoprenoid side chain of varying number of isoprene units. In vitamin K 2, each isoprene unit contains a double bond. They are produced by bacteria including the normal intestinal flora.

The interaction of two or more substrates or ligands with the same binding site. The displacement of one by the other is used in quantitative and selective affinity measurements.

A foul-smelling diamine formed by bacterial decarboxylation of lysine.

Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A salt used to replenish calcium levels, as an acid-producing diuretic, and as an antidote for magnesium poisoning.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

Family of calcium- and phospholipid-binding proteins which are structurally related and exhibit immunological cross-reactivity. Each member contains four homologous 70-kDa repeats. The annexins are differentially distributed in vertebrate tissues (and lower eukaryotes) and appear to be involved in MEMBRANE FUSION and SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION.

The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.

A deficiency of blood coagulation FACTOR XIII or fibrin stabilizing factor (FSF) that prevents blood clot formation and results in a clinical hemorrhagic diathesis.

Two-phase systems in which one is uniformly dispersed in another as particles small enough so they cannot be filtered or will not settle out. The dispersing or continuous phase or medium envelops the particles of the discontinuous phase. All three states of matter can form colloids among each other.

Venous vessels in the umbilical cord. They carry oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the mother to the FETUS via the PLACENTA. In humans, there is normally one umbilical vein.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.

Serum glycoproteins participating in the host defense mechanism of COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION that creates the COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX. Included are glycoproteins in the various pathways of complement activation (CLASSICAL COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT PATHWAY; and LECTIN COMPLEMENT PATHWAY).

Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids.

Control of bleeding during or after surgery.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

An antiphospholipid antibody found in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC;), ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; and in a variety of other diseases as well as in healthy individuals. In vitro, the antibody interferes with the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and prolongs the partial thromboplastin time. In vivo, it exerts a procoagulant effect resulting in thrombosis mainly in the larger veins and arteries. It further causes obstetrical complications, including fetal death and spontaneous abortion, as well as a variety of hematologic and neurologic complications.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Chemical groups containing the covalent disulfide bonds -S-S-. The sulfur atoms can be bound to inorganic or organic moieties.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

Compounds which inhibit or antagonize biosynthesis or actions of proteases (ENDOPEPTIDASES).

Exosites 1 and 2 are essential for protection of fibrin-bound thrombin from heparin-catalyzed inhibition by antithrombin and heparin cofactor II. (1/3556)

Assembly of ternary thrombin-heparin-fibrin complexes, formed when fibrin binds to exosite 1 on thrombin and fibrin-bound heparin binds to exosite 2, produces a 58- and 247-fold reduction in the heparin-catalyzed rate of thrombin inhibition by antithrombin and heparin cofactor II, respectively. The greater reduction for heparin cofactor II reflects its requirement for access to exosite 1 during the inhibitory process. Protection from inhibition by antithrombin and heparin cofactor II requires ligation of both exosites 1 and 2 because minimal protection is seen when exosite 1 variants (gamma-thrombin and thrombin Quick 1) or an exosite 2 variant (Arg93 --> Ala, Arg97 --> Ala, and Arg101 --> Ala thrombin) is substituted for thrombin. Likewise, the rate of thrombin inhibition by the heparin-independent inhibitor, alpha1-antitrypsin Met358 --> Arg, is decreased less than 2-fold in the presence of soluble fibrin and heparin. In contrast, thrombin is protected from inhibition by a covalent antithrombin-heparin complex, suggesting that access of heparin to exosite 2 of thrombin is hampered when ternary complex formation occurs. These results reveal the importance of exosites 1 and 2 of thrombin in assembly of the ternary complex and the subsequent protection of thrombin from inhibition by heparin-catalyzed inhibitors. (+info)

Nonanticoagulant heparin prevents coronary endothelial dysfunction after brief ischemia-reperfusion injury in the dog. (2/3556)

BACKGROUND: Coronary endothelial dysfunction after brief ischemia-reperfusion (IR) remains a clinical problem. We investigated the role of heparin and N-acetylheparin, a nonanticoagulant heparin derivative, in modulating coronary endothelial function after IR injury, with an emphasis on defining the role of the nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP pathway in the heparin-mediated effect. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male mongrel dogs were surgically instrumented, and the effects of both bovine heparin and N-acetylheparin on coronary endothelial vasomotor function, expressed as percent change from baseline flow after acetylcholine challenge, were studied after 15 minutes of regional ischemia of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. In dogs treated with placebo (saline), coronary vasomotor function was significantly (P+info)

Distinct contributions of residue 192 to the specificity of coagulation and fibrinolytic serine proteases. (3/3556)

Archetypal members of the chymotrypsin family of serine proteases, such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase, exhibit relatively broad substrate specificity. However, the successful development of efficient proteolytic cascades, such as the blood coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, required the evolution of proteases that displayed restricted specificity. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), for example, possesses exquisitely stringent substrate specificity, and the molecular basis of this important biochemical property of t-PA remains obscure. Previous investigations of related serine proteases, which participate in the blood coagulation cascade, have focused attention on the residue that occupies position 192 (chymotrypsin numbering system), which plays a pivotal role in determining both the inhibitor and substrate specificity of these enzymes. Consequently, we created and characterized the kinetic properties of new variants of t-PA that contained point mutations at position 192. These studies demonstrated that, unlike in coagulation serine proteases, Gln-192 does not contribute significantly to the substrate or inhibitor specificity of t-PA in physiologically relevant reactions. Replacement of Gln-192 with a glutamic acid residue did, however, decrease the catalytic efficiency of mature, two-chain t-PA toward plasminogen in the absence of a fibrin co-factor. (+info)

Age-related changes in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in mice fed on a high-cholesterol diet. (4/3556)

To investigate the pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia-induced atherosclerosis, we examined age-dependent changes in platelet activity, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in susceptibility to a high cholesterol diet (HCD) feeding in male ICR mice. Pretreatment of platelet-rich-plasma from HCD feeding mice for 3 days with epinephrine (300 microM) resulted in a marked enhancement of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP: 0.1 microM) or collagen (0.7 microgram/ml)-stimulated aggregation compared with the same in control mice. Yohimbine as alpha 2-adrenergic blocker antagonized these aggregations in a dose-dependent manner. A significant increase in plasma total cholesterol and VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein)-LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol and the liver/body weight ratio was observed in mice fed on HCD for 3 months (3-month HCD mice). In the early phase of this experiment, a significant increase in fibrinogen was observed. In the middle phase, increases in the activity of antithrombin III (ATIII) and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-Pl) followed. Plasminogen content gradually decreased in both normal diet and HCD mice throughout the experiment. The activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) decreased in 3-month HCD mice. Morphological observation of the aortic arch from 3-month HCD mice revealed apparent atheromatous plaques not seen in control mice. These results suggest that 3-month HCD mice can be a convenient hyperlipidemia-induced atherosclerotic model and the changes in platelet activity, coagulation and fibrinolysis in the early phase may be a cause of pathologic changes in this model. (+info)

PPARgamma activation in human endothelial cells increases plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression: PPARgamma as a potential mediator in vascular disease. (5/3556)

Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) is a major physiological inhibitor of fibrinolysis, with its plasma levels correlating with the risk for myocardial infarction and venous thrombosis. The regulation of PAI-1 transcription by endothelial cells (ECs), a major source of PAI-1, remains incompletely understood. Adipocytes also produce PAI-1, suggesting possible common regulatory pathways between adipocytes and ECs. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)gamma is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to various mediators such as 15-deoxy-Delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) and oxidized linoleic acid (9- and 13-HODE). The present study tested the hypotheses that human ECs express PPARgamma and that this transcriptional activator regulates PAI-1 expression in this cell type. We found that human ECs contain both PPARgamma mRNA and protein. Immunohistochemistry of human carotid arteries also revealed the presence of PPARgamma in ECs. Bovine ECs transfected with a PPAR response element (PPRE)-luciferase construct responded to stimulation by the PPARgamma agonist 15d-PGJ2 in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting a functional PPARgamma in ECs. Treatment of human ECs with 15d-PGJ2, 9(S)-HODE, or 13(S)-HODE augmented PAI-1 mRNA and protein expression, whereas multiple PPARalpha activators did not change PAI-1 levels. Introduction of increasing amounts of a PPARgamma expression construct in human fibroblasts enhanced PAI-1 secretion from these cells in proportion to the amount of transfected DNA. Thus, ECs express functionally active PPARgamma that regulates PAI-1 expression in ECs. Our results establish a role for PPARgamma in the regulation of EC gene expression, with important implications for the clinical links between obesity and atherosclerosis. (+info)

Antithrombotic efficacy of thrombin inhibitor L-374,087: intravenous activity in a primate model of venous thrombus extension and oral activity in a canine model of primary venous and coronary artery thrombosis. (6/3556)

The small molecule direct thrombin inhibitor L-374,087 was characterized across species in an in vitro activated partial thromboplastin clotting time (aPTT) assay and in vivo in rhesus monkey and dog thrombosis models. In vitro in rhesus, dog, and human plasma, L-374,087 concentrations eliciting 2-fold increases in aPTT were 0.25, 1.9, and 0.28 microM, respectively. In anesthetized rhesus monkeys, 300 microgram/kg bolus plus 12 microgram/kg/min and 300 microgram/kg bolus plus 30 microgram/kg/min L-374,087 i.v. infusions significantly reduced jugular vein thrombus extension, with both regimens limiting venous thrombus extension to 2-fold that of baseline thrombus mass compared with a 5-fold extension observed in the vehicle control group. Antithrombotic efficacy in the rhesus with the lower-dose regimen was achieved with 2.3- to 2.4-fold increases in aPTT and prothrombin time. In a conscious instrumented dog model of electrolytic vessel injury, the oral administration of two 10 mg/kg L-374,087 doses 12 h apart significantly reduced jugular vein thrombus mass, reduced the incidence of and delayed time to occlusive coronary artery thrombosis, and significantly reduced coronary artery thrombus mass and ensuing posterolateral myocardial infarct size. Antithrombotic efficacy in the dog was achieved with 1.6- to 2.0-fold increases in aPTT at 1 to 6 h after oral dosing with L-374,087. These results indicate significant antithrombotic efficacy against both venous and coronary arterial thrombosis with L-374,087 with only moderate elevations in aPTT or prothrombin time. The oral efficacy of L-374,087 characterizes this compound as a prototype for the further development of orally active direct thrombin inhibitors. (+info)

Risk of clot formation in femoral arterial sheaths maintained overnight for neuroangiographic procedures. (7/3556)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of blood clots in femoral arterial sheaths maintained after cerebral angiography and the effect of heparinized saline on clot formation. METHODS: Twenty-three sheaths were evaluated in 18 patients. Sheaths were maintained for 14 to 80 hours (average, 33 hours; median, 24 hours). After the sheaths were removed, they were vigorously flushed with 60 mL of normal saline and the number and size of clots found in each sheath were recorded. Additionally, patients' age, catheter size, presence of heparin, amount of time the sheath was kept in the artery, and patients' coagulation status were recorded. RESULTS: Clots were found in 17 (74%) of the 23 sheaths. Ten catheters had continuous heparin drip, of which seven (70%) sustained clots. Of the 13 sheaths without heparin, 10 sustained clots (77%). The difference was not statistically significant. The average number of clots was 2.2, and the maximal length of clots ranged from 0.5 to 105 mm. No thromboembolic complications associated with sheath placement were encountered in our patient population. CONCLUSION: Blood clots are present in the vast majority of intraarterial sheaths maintained after cerebral angiography. These clots constitute a risk of thromboembolic complications in the event of repeat angiography. Sheath exchange should be considered before obtaining repeat cerebral angiograms. (+info)

Thrombelastographic changes and early rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding. (8/3556)

BACKGROUND: Routine coagulation tests do not necessarily reflect haemostasis in vivo in cirrhotic patients, particularly those who have bleeding varices. Thrombelastography (TEG) can provide a global assessment of haemostatic function from initial clot formation to clot dissolution. AIM: To evaluate TEG changes in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding and their association with early rebleeding. PATIENTS/METHODS: Twenty cirrhotic patients with active variceal bleeding had serial TEG and routine coagulation tests daily for seven days. The TEG variables before the day of rebleeding (n = 6) were compared with those of patients without rebleeding (n = 14). RESULTS: Baseline characteristics of the rebleeding and non-rebleeding groups were comparable apart from a higher incidence of uncontrolled infection on the day of rebleeding in the rebleeding group (p = 0.007). The patients in the rebleeding group were more hypocoagulable before the day of rebleeding as shown by longer r (42 v 24 mm, p < 0.001) and k (48 v 13 mm, p < 0.001) and smaller a (12 v 38 degrees, p < 0.001) compared with the mean of daily results of the non-rebleeding group. Routine coagulation tests, however, showed no significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The results of serial TEG measurements suggest that hypocoagulability may be associated with early rebleeding in cirrhotic patients. (+info)

... may refer to: Coagulation factor IXa, an enzyme Coagulation factor XIa, an enzyme This ... disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Activated blood coagulation factor XI. If an internal link led you ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_blood_coagulation_factor_XI

... , also known as clotting, is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot. It ... Coagulation begins almost instantly after an injury to the endothelium lining a blood vessel. Exposure of blood to the ... Coagulation can physically trap invading microbes in blood clots. Also, some products of the coagulation system can contribute ... Hoffman, M. (August 2003). "Remodeling the blood coagulation cascade". Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 16 (1-2): 17-20 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation

Look up coagulation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Coagulation is the process by which blood forms clots. Coagulation may ... the coagulation of milk into curd by rennet or acid Coagulation, the loss of solubility as a result of denaturation Blood Gulch ... a multiplayer map called "Coagulation" in the video game Halo 2 Mixing of two particles in an aerosol to form a third particle ... a possible early stage of planet formation This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Coagulation. If an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation_(disambiguation)

Coagulation factor XIII is the last zymogen to become activated in the blood coagulation cascade. Plasma factor XIII is a ... Coagulation factor XIII A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the F13A1 gene. This gene encodes the coagulation ... Hilgenfeld R, Liesum A, Storm R, Metzner HJ, Karges HE (1990). "Crystallization of blood coagulation factor XIII by an ... Takahashi N, Takahashi Y, Putnam FW (1986). "Primary structure of blood coagulation factor XIIIa (fibrinoligase, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation_factor_XIII,_A1_polypeptide

v t e (Blood, Coagulation system, All stub articles, Hematology stubs). ... Coagulation activation markers are biomarkers of net activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Examples include prothrombin ... Levels of coagulation activation markers are increased with pregnancy, with estrogen-containing birth control pills, with ... Birth control pills containing estradiol or estetrol also appear to have less influence on coagulation activation markers than ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation_activation_marker

1 January 1986). Blood Coagulation. Elsevier. pp. 250-. ISBN 978-0-08-086072-5. OCLC 1058474585. Jun Teruya, ed. (5 January ... v t e v t e (CS1: long volume value, All stub articles, Biochemistry stubs, Hematology stubs, Coagulation system, Protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmin-α2-antiplasmin_complex

Type II domains have also been found in a range of proteins including blood coagulation factor XII; bovine seminal plasma ... Fibronectins are involved in a number of important functions e.g., wound healing; cell adhesion; blood coagulation; cell ... Structural similarity of the protease precursor to blood coagulation factor XII". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (14): 10024-10028. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibronectin_type_II_domain

doi:10.1182/blood-2008-01-077909. PMID 18574041. Dahlbäck, Björn (2000). "Blood coagulation". The Lancet. 355 (9215): 1627-1632 ... He is also the director of the blood coagulation unit at Malmö General Hospital. His research was important in showing that APC ... Dahlbäck, Björn (2000). "Blood coagulation". The Lancet. 355 (9215): 1627-1632. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02225-X. PMID ... specializing in hematology and the molecular mechanisms of blood coagulation. He determined that activated protein C (APC) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Björn_Dahlbäck

This also activates protein kinase C which stimulates platelet aggregation and therefore blood coagulation further down the ... Blood. 89 (6): 1944-53. doi:10.1182/blood.V89.6.1944. PMID 9058715. Overview of all the structural information available in the ... Blood. 82 (5): 1532-7. doi:10.1182/blood.V82.5.1532.1532. PMID 8395910. "José RJ, Williams AE, Chambers RC (February 2014). " ... Blood. 105 (8): 3178-84. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-10-3985. PMID 15626732. S2CID 24170814. Michelson AD (2013). Platelets (3rd ed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation_factor_II_receptor

"Expression of human blood coagulation factor XI: characterization of the defect in factor XI type III deficiency". Blood. 79 (6 ... Fujikawa K, Chung DW, Hendrickson LE, Davie EW (May 1986). "Amino acid sequence of human factor XI, a blood coagulation factor ... Fujikawa K, Chung DW, Hendrickson LE, Davie EW (May 1986). "Amino acid sequence of human factor XI, a blood coagulation factor ... Walsh PN (Jul 2001). "Roles of platelets and factor XI in the initiation of blood coagulation by thrombin". Thrombosis and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_XI

Davie studied the blood proteins involved in coagulation and was among the first scientists to describe the steps of the ... "1962: Blood Coagulation". UW Office of Research. November 1996. Archived from the original on August 25, 2015. Retrieved ... The Centre for Blood Research at the University of British Columbia established the Earl W. Davie Symposium in his honor. "Earl ... "Earl W. Davie Symposium". Centre for Blood Research. Retrieved November 12, 2015. (All articles with dead external links, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_Davie

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 23 (1): 45-50. doi:10.1097/mbc.0b013e32834d7ce3. PMID 22024796. S2CID 3327902. Keane C, ... Blood. 90 (3): 1109-14. doi:10.1182/blood.V90.3.1109. PMID 9242542. Nourse JP, Lea R, Crooks P, Wright G, Tran H, Catalano J, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCGR3A

8 (5). de Boer JD, Majoor CJ, van 't Veer C, Bel EH, van der Poll T (April 2012). "Asthma and coagulation". Blood. 119 (14): ... doi:10.1182/blood-2011-11-391532. PMID 22262775. Middleton's Allergy Principles & Practice, N. F. Adkinson, B. S. Bochner, W. W ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_asthma

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. DOI: 10.1097/00001721-199102000-00023 (1): 153-9. doi:10.1097/00001721-199102000-00023. PMID ... which the Amazon leech inserts into the host to suck blood. Hementin dissolves platelet-rich blood clots and lets the blood ... Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 2 (1): 149-152. doi:10.1097/00001721-199102000-00022. ISSN 0957-5235. PMID 1772982. Zavalova ... Hementin is able to dissolve a type of blood clots that cannot be dissolved by other compounds, such as streptokinase and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hementin

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 16 (1): 1-7. doi:10.1097/00001721-200501000-00001. PMID 15650539. S2CID 44664652. Melzer C, ... It binds to the fibrin component of the thrombus (blood clot) and selectively converts thrombus-bound plasminogen to plasmin, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenecteplase

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 19 (7): 709-718. doi:10.1097/MBC.0b013e32830b2891. PMC 2713681. PMID 18832915. "Genomatix: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C5orf34

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 19 (7): 709-18. doi:10.1097/MBC.0b013e32830b2891. PMC 2713681. PMID 18832915. Lee, J; Zheng, ... for DX-2400, a Matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MPP-14) targeted monoclonal antibody intended to inhibit tumor blood vessel ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmon_Corporation

Franco, David; Everett, George; Manoucheri, Manoucher (2013). "I smell a rat". Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 24 (2): 202-4 ... the blood plasma and blood itself begin to leak from the smallest blood vessels. A poisoned animal suffers progressively ... Blood, 76 (12): 2555-2559, doi:10.1182/blood.V76.12.2555.2555, PMID 2265249 "COCA Clinical Action: Outbreak Alert Update: ... A complete blood count and complete metabolic panel were normal. Prothrombin time (PT) was above 100 s, partial thromboplastin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brodifacoum

Marsh, NA (July 1998). "Use of snake venom fractions in the coagulation laboratory". Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 9 (5): ... Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 1 (3): 259-66. doi:10.1097/00001721-199008000-00002. PMID 2129412. Laboratory testing for the ... Blood. 68 (4): 869-74. doi:10.1182/blood.V68.4.869.869. PMID 3092888. Exner, T; Papadopoulos, G; Koutts, J (August 1990). "Use ... Exner, T; Rickard, KA; Kronenberg, H (October 1975). "Studies on phospholipids in the action of a lupus coagulation inhibitor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilute_Russell's_viper_venom_time

Coagulation, the formation of a blood clot or thrombus, occurs when the proteins of the coagulation cascade are activated, ... D-dimers are not normally present in human blood plasma, except when the coagulation system has been activated, for instance ... D-dimer levels are used as a predictive biomarker for the blood disorder, disseminated intravascular coagulation and in the ... D-dimer (or D dimer) is a fibrin degradation product (or FDP), a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-dimer

... inhibiting several blood coagulation enzymes counting thrombin and factor Xa. In the beginning, protein C inhibitor(PCI) was ... Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 4 (1): 153-8. doi:10.1097/00001721-199304010-00027. PMID 8384496. Moore A, Penfold LM, ... Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 6 (5): 382-7. doi:10.1097/00001721-199507000-00003. PMID 8589203. The MEROPS online database ... Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 4 (6): 921-6. doi:10.1097/00001721-199304060-00009. PMID 8148485. S2CID 33601129. Hayashi T, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_C_inhibitor

... s, commonly known as blood thinners, are chemical substances that prevent or reduce coagulation of blood, ... Citrate is in liquid form in the tube and is used for coagulation tests, as well as in blood transfusion bags. It binds the ... A Bethesda unit (BU) is a measure of blood coagulation inhibitor activity. It is the amount of inhibitor that will inactivate ... Apixaban had no effect on mortality, recurrence of blood clots in blood vessels or major bleeding or minor bleeding, however ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 25 (5): 507-511. doi:10.1097/MBC.0000000000000057. ISSN 1473-5733. PMID 24553060. S2CID ... Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 25 (5): 507-511. doi:10.1097/MBC.0000000000000057. ISSN 1473-5733. PMID 24553060. S2CID ... Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 25 (5): 507-511. doi:10.1097/MBC.0000000000000057. ISSN 1473-5733. PMID 24553060. S2CID ... It is characterized by progressive lower extremity edema distal to the thigh, tight shiny skin, cyanosis (inadequate blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phlegmasia_cerulea_dolens

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis. 19 (7): 709-18. doi:10.1097/MBC.0b013e32830b2891. PMC 2713681. PMID 18832915. Park J, Chun KH ... Blood. 127 (17): 2144-54. doi:10.1182/blood-2015-10-678706. PMC 4850869. PMID 26983850. Shanley M (6 October 2017). "Therapy to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belumosudil

Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis. 12 (2): 123-8. doi:10.1097/00001721-200103000-00006. PMID 11302474. S2CID 28411589. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craterellus_lutescens

Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis. 12 (2): 123-8. doi:10.1097/00001721-200103000-00006. PMID 11302474. S2CID 28411589. North ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactarius

Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis. 22(2): 110-7 (2011). Ignjatovic V, Straka E, Summerhayes R, Monagle P. Age-specific ... The haemostatic (blood clotting) system involves the interaction of proteins in the blood, the blood vessel wall and the flow ... They form aggregates with white blood cells and in adults the platelets that are bound to white blood cells are usually ... There is more Antithrombin bound to Heparin in blood from newborns compared to blood from adults, suggesting different ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_Haemostasis

Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis. 12 (2): 123-8. doi:10.1097/00001721-200103000-00006. PMID 11302474. Mlinarič, A.; Kreft, S ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloeophyllum

Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis. 12 (2): 123-8. doi:10.1097/00001721-200103000-00006. PMID 11302474. S2CID 28411589. ... and impaired coagulation. No definitive antidote for amatoxin poisoning is available, but some specific treatments have been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanita_virosa

Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis. 12 (2): 123-8. doi:10.1097/00001721-200103000-00006. PMID 11302474. S2CID 28411589. (CS1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infundibulicybe_gibba

... a pathological activation of coagulation (blood clotting) mechanisms Dissolved inorganic carbon, the sum of inorganic carbon ... DIC may refer to: Diisopropylcarbodiimide, a reagent in organic chemistry Disseminated intravascular coagulation, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIC

Joint damage is not a result of blood in the capsule but rather the healing process. When blood in the joint is broken down by ... In these individuals, activated factor VII, a precursor to factor VIII in the coagulation cascade, can be infused as a ... these signs may lead to blood tests which indicate haemophilia. In other people, especially those with moderate or mild ... while digestive tract and cerebral haemorrhages are also germane to other coagulation disorders. Though typically not life- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemophilia_A

Sickle shaped blood cells clot more easily than normal blood cells, impeding blood flow to the brain.[citation needed] ... Inflammatory Biomarkers - c-reactive protein, Interleukin 6, Tumor necrosis factor α,VCAM-1. Coagulation / Thrombosis ... Untreated heart attacks may slow blood flow enough that blood may start to clot and prevent the flow of blood to the brain or ... Systemic blood pressure (or slightly above) should be maintained so that cerebral blood flow is restored. Also, hypoxaemia and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_ischemia

... blood-coagulation factor X activating enzyme, metalloproteinase RVV-x, Vipera russelli proteinase, Russell's viper blood ... including coagulation factor X, coagulation factor IX and protein C by cleavage of -Arg- bonds. Has no action on insulin B ... Takeya H, Nishida S, Miyata T, Kawada S, Saisaka Y, Morita T, Iwanaga S (July 1992). "Coagulation factor X activating enzyme ... This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Specifically activates several components of the blood clotting system, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russellysin

... examining blood coagulation from viewpoints of both physics and medicine. He was a postdoctoral fellow in the Physics ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Wiltzius

... he conducted investigations of blood coagulation. Ellinger, Alexander (1903). "Die Indolbildung und Indicanausscheidung beim ... His other work included studies on the water exchange between body tissues and blood, on the formation on lymph, and with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Ellinger

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is characterized by red blood cell destruction, anemia (red blood cells unable to carry ... Pegcetacoplan may also interfere with silica reagents in coagulation panels, that can result in patients demonstrating a ... "FDA approves new treatment for adults with serious rare blood disease". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 14 May 2021. ... Patients with PNH have greater and uninhibited complement activity, which may leads to intravascular (inside blood vessels) or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegcetacoplan

Each larval stage consumes a single large meal of blood, which triggers the moulting process, 12-15 days later. Wigglesworth ... and possibly coagulation) in the host by Andersen et al 2003. The male reproductive system of R. prolixus contains four ... Infection with Chagas disease occurs after Rhodnius releases protozoans in its feces immediately following a blood meal. The ... Infection may also occur via blood transfusion and ingestion of food contaminated with kissing bug feces.[citation needed] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodnius_prolixus

Peripheral blood cells from the sampled patients confirmed decreased levels of the mutant RNA transcript, consistent with ... Decreased levels of immunoglobulin A and or immunoglobulin G identified in ZTTK syndrome patients resulted in coagulation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZTTK_syndrome

Blood vessel dysfunction and clot formation (as suggested by high D-dimer levels caused by blood clots) may have a significant ... Coagulation: During pregnancy, there are higher levels of circulating coagulation factors, and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 ... The virus may also enter the bloodstream from the lungs and cross the blood-brain barrier to gain access to the CNS, possibly ... A low level of blood lymphocytes may result from the virus acting through ACE2-related entry into lymphocytes. Another common ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19

Treatment for blood loss should be done simultaneously with iron therapy in mild to moderate blood loss and blood transfusion ... leukemia and coagulation disorders. The most common physiological reason for puberty menorrhagia is the immaturity of ... Most patients present with anemia due to excessive blood loss. The patient is assessed with a thorough medical history, ... in severe blood loss. Gillani, Salma (January 2012). "Puberty Menorrhagia : Causes and Management" (PDF). Journal of Medical ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puberty_menorrhagia

... the Steering Committee of the UK National External Quality Assurance Scheme in Blood Coagulation (1992-96 and 2005-11); the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Colvin

the mechanism of action of vitamin K, an essential cofactor in the cascade of blood coagulation reactions. the biotin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrée_Marquet

The condition results in abdominal pain, fever, elevated white blood cell count and elevated serum C-reactive protein. PPCS ... Postpolypectomy coagulation syndrome (Postpolypectomy syndrome or PPCS) is a condition that occurs following colonoscopy with ... Shin, YJ; Kim, YH; Lee, KH; Lee, YJ; Park, JH (October 2016). "CT findings of post-polypectomy coagulation syndrome and colonic ... Hirasawa, K; Sato, C; Makazu, M; Kaneko, H; Kobayashi, R; Kokawa, A; Maeda, S (10 September 2015). "Coagulation syndrome: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpolypectomy_coagulation_syndrome

The accumulating blood pushes between the layers of the decidua, pushing the uterine wall and placenta apart. When the placenta ... and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Those abruptions caused by venous bleeding at the periphery of the placenta ... Treatment may require blood transfusion or emergency hysterectomy. Placental abruption occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies. ... Diagnosis is made retrospectively by finding an organized blood clot or a depressed area on a delivered placenta. Class 1: Mild ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_abruption

Within blood, thrombins cleave fibrinogens to fibrins during coagulation and a fibrin-based blood clot forms. Factor XIII is a ... Factor XIIIa is an enzyme of the blood coagulation system that crosslinks fibrin. Deficiency of XIII worsens clot stability and ... A and B units combine within blood to form heterotetramers of two A units and two B units. Blood plasma concentration of the ... Catridecacog Coagulation D-dimer Factor XIII deficiency Muszbek L, Bereczky Z, Bagoly Z, Komáromi I, Katona É (July 2011). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_XIII

"The APC-PCI concentration as an early marker of activation of blood coagulation: a study of women on combined oral ... It has been measured in coagulation testing to evaluate coagulation, thrombosis, and other cardiovascular complications. It is ... Misra S, Kumar A, Kumar P, Yadav AK, Mohania D, Pandit AK, Prasad K, Vibha D (September 2017). "Blood-based protein biomarkers ... v t e v t e (Coagulation system, Protein complexes, All stub articles, Biochemistry stubs, Hematology stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_protein_C–protein_C_inhibitor

Blood tests show the level of IgM in the blood and the presence of proteins, or tumor markers, that are the key signs of ... Coagulation abnormalities may be present. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and ... A low white blood cell count, and low platelet count in the blood may be observed. A low level of neutrophils (a specific type ... Treon, S. P. (2009). "How I treat Waldenström macroglobulinemia". Blood. 114 (12): 2375-2385. doi:10.1182/blood-2009-05-174359 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldenström_macroglobulinemia

... machinery is used for intraoperative blood salvage. A centrifuge process takes blood from the patient, washes the red blood ... promotion of inflammation and coagulation, and thrombosis. Chronic hemolysis may also lead to endothelial dysfunction, ... Hemolysis may result from intrinsic defects in the red blood cell itself: Defects of red blood cell membrane production (as in ... red blood cell precursors) to compensate for the loss of red blood cells due to hemolysis. Hemolysin Glucose-6-phosphate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolysis

Schmidt is remembered for his research involving the process of blood coagulation by demonstrating that the transformation of ... is credited for providing a foundation for the creation of anti-coagulation systems and towards the development of blood ... Leipzig, F. C. W. Vogel, 1892 - Lessons on blood. Hermann Adolf Alexander Schmidt @ Who Named It Schmidt A (1872). "Neue ... habilitation thesis for privat-docent). 1862 - On ozone in the blood. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Milch, 1874 - Contributions to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Schmidt_(physiologist)

Blood leak detection in the albumin circuit Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) Severe active hemorrhage Federal Drug ... A catheter removes blood from the patient, and an ultrafiltrate generator separates the plasma from the rest of the blood. This ... The primary functions of the liver include removing toxic substances from the blood, manufacturing blood proteins, storing ... They process oxygenated blood plasma, which is separated from the other blood constituents. Several types of BALs are being ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_support_system

Severe hypovolemia (low blood volume) is one of the hallmarks of the disease, and severe hemoconcentration (concentrated blood ... Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a possible sequela of HGE. As a result, this disease can cause severe damage. ... It may or may not be detected by a high or low white blood cell count, and there may be a low hematocrit. A negative fecal ... Pathologically there is an increase in the permeability of the intestinal lining and a leakage of blood and proteins into the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemorrhagic_gastroenteritis

... and abnormal circulating blood. The terms "blue toe syndrome", "grey toe syndrome" and "purple toe syndrome" are sometimes used ... "Blue Toe Syndrome as an Early Sign of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation". Ann Dermatol. 28 (3): 400-1. doi:10.5021/ad. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_toe_syndrome

... due to intrinsic anticoagulants 286.6 Defibrination syndrome 286.7 Acquired coagulation factor deficiency 286.9 Coagulation ... 289.89 Other specified diseases of blood and blood-forming organs 289.9 Unspecified diseases of blood and blood-forming organs ... This is a shortened version of the fourth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Blood and Blood-forming Organs. It covers ICD ... 289 Other diseases of blood and blood-forming organs 289.0 Secondary polycythemia 289.1 Chronic lymphadenitis 289.2 Nonspecific ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes_280–289:_diseases_of_the_blood_and_blood-forming_organs

Vertebral artery dissection, a flap-like tear of the inner lining of the vertebral artery that supply blood to the brain and ... There is no specific treatment, although most patients are either given an anti-platelet or anti-coagulation agent to prevent ... A complete occlusion of the artery can result in cerebral ischemia as the brain is depleted of oxygen-rich blood. Because the ... These imaging modalities can detect the direction and changes of blood flow within the arteries and whether the dissection has ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_artery_dissection

Pregnancy-induced hypertension is diagnosed when maternal systolic blood pressure exceeds 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ... The technologies are: Sorption Granular activated carbon Biochar Ion exchange Precipitation/flocculation/coagulation Redox ... Further, blood PFAS levels decline when direct contact ceases. Levels of PFOA and PFOS have declined in US and European ... In a 2010 study, blood serum levels of PFOA were significantly higher in ski wax technicians compared to levels of the general ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per-_and_polyfluoroalkyl_substances

... and basic researches Tissues grouping for organ transplantation and white blood cell transfer Diagnosis of blood coagulation ... In the field of blood products, the "Army Blood Center" from 1961 onwards provided cellular products (dense red blood cells and ... people in Iran are blood donors Blood cannot be made and the only source of supply is blood donation One unit of donated blood ... of cities for blood collection Perform safety tests and grouping to prepare blood and blood products Distribution of blood and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Blood_Transfusion_Organization

When confronted with bacteria, white blood cells, or neutrophil granulocytes, behave like predatory spiders. They spit out a ... Stage 3: the patient develops shock with azotemia and acid-base disturbances; has significant coagulation abnormalities. Stage ... Measurements of lactate, cytokines, albumin and other proteins, urea, blood oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, insulin, and ... in terms of laboratory values based on blood and other tests, as to what it is (each of these organs' levels of failure is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_organ_dysfunction_syndrome

... is equally distributed between red blood cells and plasma. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes do not play a major role in ... In the liver, Estetrol has a neutral activity, which is reflected by a minimal impact on synthesis of hepatic coagulation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estetrol

EFS methylation was tissue-specific with full methylation in peripheral blood cells, but no methylation in other tissues such ... mild coagulation defects and propensity to recurrent bacterial and fungal infections, caused by incomplete phagocytosis due to ... In this work, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with rheumatoid heart disease (RHD) and control subjects ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryonal_fyn-associated_substrate

Find out about how blood clots, how clotting factors work, and how treatment has improved the outlook for people with ... If blood does not clot, life-threatening bleeding can occcur. ... Coagulation is the process of making blood clot. This is an ... Coagulation involves the action of cells and coagulation (clotting) factors. The cells are platelets, and the coagulation ... Hemophilia, coagulation, and blood clotting. Medically reviewed by Daniel Murrell, M.D. - By Yvette Brazier on November 16, ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323671

... Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 45 ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/262681?locale-attribute=de&

Final report on the evaluation of the WHO reference reagent for activated blood coagulation factor XI (‎FXIa)‎, human ... Evaluation of the proposed WHO 1st reference reagent for activated blood coagulation Factor XI (‎FXIa)‎, human ... Value assignment to the WHO 3rd international standard for blood coagulation fibrinogen plasma (‎09/264)‎ ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?authority=Blood+Coagulation&type=mesh

2017)‎. Proposed WHO reference reagent for activated blood coagulation factor X (‎FXa)‎, human. World Health Organization. ... Proposed WHO reference reagent for activated blood coagulation factor X (‎FXa)‎, human. ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/260261?locale-attribute=pt&

Fisher Scientific - Chromogenic assay for the automated quantitation of functionally active antithrombin in human citrated plasma. Shop Siemens Healthineers INNOVANCE™

https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/innovance-antithrombin-kit-2/p-7235900

... dc.contributor. ... Evaluation of the proposed WHO 1st reference reagent for activated blood coagulation Factor XI (‎FXIa)‎, human. en. ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/78047?show=full

EP-2102329-B1 chemical patent summary.

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/patent/EP-2102329-B1

Blood coagulation parameters in patients with severe COVID-19 from Kermanshah Province, Islamic Republic of Iran ... Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal , All issues , Volume 26 2020 , Volume 26 issue 9 , Blood coagulation parameters in ... More comparison of reports from various populations related to the clinical course, outcome of COVID-19 and blood coagulation ... Citation: Sayad B; Rahimi Z. Blood coagulation parameters in patients with Severe COVID-19 from Kermanshah Province, Islamic ...

https://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-26-2020/volume-26-issue-9/blood-coagulation-parameters-in-patients-with-severe-covid-19-from-kermanshah-province-islamic-republic-of-iran.html

Coagulation Testing Market. Table 23: Coagulation Test Volume Forecast by Procedure Table 24: Coagulation Diagnostics Market ... Blood Banking Market. Table 1: Blood Bank Test Volume and Reagent Sales Forecast by Test Category. Table 2: Blood Typing and ... Blood Banking Market. Table 1: Blood Bank Test Volume and Reagent Sales Forecast by Test Category. Table 2: Blood Typing and ... Blood Banking Market. Table 1: Blood Bank Test Volume and Reagent Sales Forecast by Test Category. Table 2: Blood Typing and ...

https://www.bharatbook.com/report/1357956/-bolivia-diagnostics-market-supplier-shares-strategies-and-forecasts-for-tests-blood-banking-cancer-diagnostics-clinical-chemistry-coagulation-drugs-of-abuse-endocrine-function-flow-cytometry-hematology-immunoproteins-infectious-diseases-molecular-diagnostics-tdm

Native fresh blood was hypocoagulable with weaker clot formation when compared to citrated blood at 30 min. Transported blood ... when using three viscoelastic point-of-care units to assess Asian elephant blood coagulation. Blood from six healthy (EEHV PCR ... Blood Coagulation Assessment of Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) Using Viscoelastic Point-of-Care Units ... As time progressed blood became more hypercoagulable, although, the use of new blood tubes for each time point led to less ...

https://www.vin.com/apputil/content/defaultadv1.aspx?pId=26381&catId=155634&id=9948110&ind=67&objTypeID=17

A new textured polyphosphazene biomaterial with improved blood coagulation and microbial infection responses. / Xu, Li Chong; ... A new textured polyphosphazene biomaterial with improved blood coagulation and microbial infection responses. In: Acta ... Dive into the research topics of A new textured polyphosphazene biomaterial with improved blood coagulation and microbial ... A new textured polyphosphazene biomaterial with improved blood coagulation and microbial infection responses. Acta ...

https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/a-new-textured-polyphosphazene-biomaterial-with-improved-blood-co

Background: Blood coagulation factor (F) Va is the essential protein cofactor to the serine protease FXa. Factor Va stimulates ... Blood coagulation factors, Electron microscopy, Membranes (Biology), Molecules -- Models, Particles -- Analysis. Journal or ... 2008) Defining the structure of membrane-bound human blood coagulation factor Va. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Vol.6 ...

http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/30820/

Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant). Coagulation factor X. target. Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant). Coagulation factor XI. ... Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant). Coagulation factor VIII. target. Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant). Prothrombin. target ... Coagulation factor VIIa Recombinant Human. Coagulation factor VII. target. Von Willebrand factor human. Coagulation factor VIII ... Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant). Coagulation factor VII. target. Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant). Vitamin K-dependent ...

https://go.drugbank.com/categories/DBCAT000075

... blood coagulation. Animals, Livestock, One Health , zoology , animal physiology , circulatory system physiology , blood ...

https://agclass.nal.usda.gov/vocabularies/nalt/concept?uri=https%3A//lod.nal.usda.gov/nalt/10264

Disseminated intravascular coagulation Transactions of the seventeenth Annual Symposium on Blood, Wayne State University School ... Symposium on Blood, Anderson, Gordon F.,, Barnhart, Marion I., Mammen, Eberhard F., and Wayne State University.. Format:. Book ...

https://openagricola.nal.usda.gov/catalog/CAT73505155

Conclusion: The combined detection of NT-proBNP, blood lipid, blood coagulation and fibrinolytic function can reflect the ... Decreased PT indicates that some serum coagulation factors such as I, II, V, VI and X are activated, at that time the blood is ... NT-proBNP, blood lipid, coagulation, and fibrinolytic function in both groups were detected and the differences were compared. ... 24 h dynamic blood pressure values of pregnant women were monitored by dynamic blood pressure analyzer. The blood pressure ...

https://www.alliedacademies.org/articles/the-clinical-value-of-combined-detection-of-nterminal-probrain-natriuretic-peptide-blood-lipid-coagulation-and-fibrinolytic-functi-8404.html

Blood coagulation components. Detailed annotation on the structure, function, physiology, pharmacology and clinical relevance ... Description: Catalyses the inactivation of coagulation proteases by activated antithrombin-III dalteparin Hs. Activation. - -. ... Description: Catalyses the inactivation of coagulation proteases by activated antithrombin-III danaparoid Hs. Activation. - -. ... Description: Catalyses the inactivation of coagulation proteases by activated antithrombin-III enoxaparin Hs. Activation. - -. ...

https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=2632

... functions as a cofactor in the blood coagulation cascade for proteolytic activation of factor X by factor IXa. During ... coagulation, fVIII is activated and subsequently binds to activated platelet surfaces by coordination of the fVIII C1 and C2 ... proposes that R2163 and R2320 are the center of a conserved phospholipid binding motif that extends across homologous blood ... Blood coagulation factor VIII (fVIII) functions as a cofactor in the blood coagulation cascade for proteolytic activation of ...

https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/1068/

... Blood. 2018 Aug ... DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-05-785253 Abstract It is currently unclear why agonist-stimulated platelets require shear force to ... Inhibition of Gα13 delayed coagulation in vitro. Furthermore, inhibition or platelet-specific knockout of Gα13 diminished laser ... Pharmacological targeting of Gα13-integrin interaction prevents occlusive thrombosis in vivo by inhibiting both coagulation and ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29853537/

These proteins help your blood to clot after injury. Learn more. ... A coagulation factor test checks the function of certain ... What are Coagulation Factor Tests?. Coagulation factors are proteins in your blood. They help form blood clots to stop bleeding ... Coagulation factor tests are blood tests that check one or more of your clotting factors to see if you:. *Have too much or too ... Why do I need a coagulation factor test?. You may need this test if you have:. *An abnormal result on a blood test that checks ...

https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/coagulation-factor-tests/

Occlusive stroke: alterations in blood coagulation. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 1978 Apr; 26(4): 257-61 ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/88327

Posts about blood coagulation written by Norman Pilon ... Tag Archives: blood coagulation Amyloidogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 ...

https://normanpilon.com/tag/blood-coagulation/

Human blood coagulation, haemostasis and thrombosis / edited by Rosemary Biggs and C. R. Rizza. by Biggs, Rosemary , Rizza, C. ... Human blood coagulation, haemostasis and thrombosis / edited by Rosemary Biggs. by Biggs, Rosemary. ... The Collection, fractionation, quality control, and uses of blood and blood products. by World Health Organization. ... and uses of blood and blood products.Availability: Items available for loan: WHO HQ (1)Call number: WH 460 82TO. Not available ...

https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7BBlood%20coagulation%7D

Blood coagulation factor X deficiency causes partial embryonic lethality and fatal neonatal bleeding in mice. Thromb Haemost. ... Blood-Product Derivatives. Class Summary. Blood-product derivatives are indicated for the correction of abnormal hemostatic ... Coagulation Factors. Class Summary. Provides replacement for temporary correction of various coagulation factor deficiencies. ... The molecular basis of blood coagulation. Cell. 1988 May 20. 53(4):505-18. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...

https://emedicine.staging.medscape.com/article/209867-medication

https://www.staging.medscape.com/answers/209867-172867/which-medications-in-the-drug-class-vitamins-fat-soluble-are-used-in-the-treatment-of-factor-x-deficiency

The role of dynamic changes in blood perfusion and optical properties in thermal coagulation of the prostate. / Kim, Beop Min; ... The role of dynamic changes in blood perfusion and optical properties in thermal coagulation of the prostate. Proceedings of ... The role of dynamic changes in blood perfusion and optical properties in thermal coagulation of the prostate. In: Proceedings ... Dive into the research topics of The role of dynamic changes in blood perfusion and optical properties in thermal coagulation ...

https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/the-role-of-dynamic-changes-in-blood-perfusion-and-optical-proper

Learn about genetic predispositions, disease, or environmental factors that may affect coagulation. ... Order a blood test to evaluate your blood clotting ability. ... Coagulation. A blood clotting test, also known as a coagulation ... How It Works During a coagulation blood test, a blood sample is taken and sent to the lab to discover any abnormalities in the ... LUPUS Auto-Immune Blood Test Panel. A LUPUS blood test includes: Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) Direct, Complete Blood Count with ...

https://www.walkinlab.com/categories/view/heart-health-tests/coagulation

We check for problems with clotting in patients blood. We also run special tests for conditions such as Haemophilia and Lupus ... Coagulation is when your blood clots and becomes solid. This page is about our work to look at peoples blood and control when ... Coagulation. The laboratory is also a regional reference centre for specialist investigations in the diagnosis and monitoring ...

https://www.rlbuht.nhs.uk/departments/medical-specialisms/blood-haematology/blood-sciences/coagulation/

... is characterized by systemic activation of blood coagulation, which results in generation and deposition of fibrin, leading to ... Consumption and subsequent exhaustion of coagulation proteins and pl... ... Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is characterized by systemic activation of blood coagulation, which results in ... it is liver disease with reduced blood coagulation factor synthesis and reduced clearance of activate products of coagulation. ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/199627-154435/how-do-acute-and-chronic-disseminated-intravascular-coagulation-dic-develop

A coagulation factor used to treat bleeding disorders such as hemophilia and Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. (drugbank.com)
Bleeding disorders can lead to serious blood loss after an injury. (medlineplus.gov)
The Coagulation laboratory offers screening for disorders of blood clotting. (rlbuht.nhs.uk)
These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Coagulation Bleeding Disorders. (fpnotebook.com)
BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions. (fpnotebook.com)
Specifically, TEG is currently being utilized by the Anesthesiology lab to study coagulation disorders in stroke and trauma patients. (utmck.edu)
Bleeding disorders can also be a side effect of medicines such as blood thinners . (medlineplus.gov)
What Are Blood Clotting Disorders? (medlineplus.gov)
The use of global coagulation assays (thrombin generation estimation and thromboelastography) for the diagnosis and management of inherited and acquired haemostatic and thrombotic disorders. (sheffield.ac.uk)
In March 2021, fol owing reports of rare blood coagulation disorders in a few individuals who had received the AZ vaccine in Europe, the WHO's Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) reviewed al available information and data on thromboembolic events (blood clots) and thrombocytopenia (low platelets) after vaccination. (who.int)
Patients with blood coagulation disorders constitute a group that requires attention and special care in dental practices. (bvsalud.org)
Hemophilia and the von Willebrand diseases are the most common of all hereditary blood coagulation disorders and must be detected before conducting any dental treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of inherited abnormalities in blood coagulation. (bvsalud.org)
This test is used to detect the causes of thromboembolism (Blood clotting disorders) and protein -C deficiency. (rtdiagnostics.net)

Fibrin develops in the blood from a soluble protein, fibrinogen. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The Fibrinogen Activity Test is used to check for fibrinogen, coagulation factor, a protein that is essential for blood clot formation. (walkinlab.com)
In the ANH group coagulation tests before and after transfusion of autologous blood showed decreased INR and increased platelets, fibrinogen, all with p (uab.edu)

2 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China. (nih.gov)

If a person's blood clots too much, they may develop deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other problems. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, that promote the formation of blood clots. (drugbank.com)
They help form blood clots to stop bleeding when you have an injury. (medlineplus.gov)
You have several different types of clotting factors that are all important for making blood clots. (medlineplus.gov)
But normally, clotting factors are turned off, so you don't form abnormal blood clots. (medlineplus.gov)
Your blood clots too easily, even without an injury. (medlineplus.gov)
This condition may lead to clots that block your blood flow and cause serious conditions, such as heart attack , stroke , or clots in the lungs . (medlineplus.gov)
Coagulation factor tests are also used to monitor people who have a known problem with clotting factors or who take medicine called blood thinners to lower the risk of blood clots. (medlineplus.gov)
A blood clotting test, also known as a coagulation blood test, is used to determine how well the blood is able to form blood clots to stop bleeding after the skin has been cut or broken. (walkinlab.com)
The test may be ordered for any number of conditions where a doctor has concerns about the patient's ability to form blood clots. (walkinlab.com)
Results Low levels of platelets in the blood or low levels of fibrin in the blood can inhibit the body's ability to form blood clots. (walkinlab.com)
Coagulation is when your blood clots and becomes solid. (rlbuht.nhs.uk)
This page is about our work to look at people's blood and control when it clots. (rlbuht.nhs.uk)
Effects of unidirectional flow shear stresses on the formation, fractal microstructure and rigidity of incipient whole blood clots and fibrin gels by: Daniel Curtis, et al. (swan.ac.uk)
Blood clots sometimes form within this type of fallen hemorrhoid, which can cause an extremely painful condition called a thrombosis. (rxlist.com)
The request stated that some of the about 200 affected employees were developing nodes on their vocal cords, that there were a number of unexplained blood clots, and suggestion of tumors. (cdc.gov)
Hyperfibrinolysis destroys stable blood clots, and antifibrinolytic agents may be required. (medscape.com)
Blood clots most often develop deep in leg veins, and symptoms are easily missed. (cnn.com)
The medical term for blood clots developing in the large veins of the leg or pelvis is deep vein thrombosis (DVT). (cnn.com)
This is because blood clots are generally caused by sluggish blood flow through the vein, usually from sitting in cramped positions for long periods of time. (cnn.com)
The last time I flew commercially, I felt the threat of blood clots because there was rough weather and we were kept down in our seats, all of which were overcrowded. (cnn.com)
Protein-C has an important role in the regulation of blood clots. (rtdiagnostics.net)
Hence these pathological conditions contribute in formation of frequent blood clots (thrombophilia) and thus these patients are to be monitored since they are at a very high risk of intravascular thrombus formation (thrombosis) leading to complications such as VTE (venous thrombo-embolism), DIC, DVT, pulmonary embolism, stroke, purpura fulminans, death of newborn (neonatal purpura in newborn babies could be a clinical manifestation for the deficiency of APC-Activated Protein-C) etc. (rtdiagnostics.net)

The antithrombotic experiments showed that polyphosphazene OFP materials reduced human Factor XII activation and platelet adhesion, thereby being resistant to plasma coagulation and thrombosis. (elsevier.com)
Methods FXIa, FXIa variants and anti-FXIa antibodies were tested for their effects on plasma coagulation and thrombin generation in the absence of FIX, and for their effects on the activation of purified coagulation factors. (ssmu.ru)
The study showed strong activation of plasma coagulation and platelets in ACS patients, and particularly in STEMI. (krakow.pl)

Various blood tests can check for a bleeding disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder that slows the blood clotting process. (rarehematologynews.com)

A platelet is a disc-shaped element in the blood that plays a role in blood clotting. (medicalnewstoday.com)
During coagulation, fVIII is activated and subsequently binds to activated platelet surfaces by coordination of the fVIII C1 and C2 domains to the exposed phosphatidylserine of activated platelet membranes. (wwu.edu)
Pharmacological targeting of Gα 13 -integrin interaction prevents occlusive thrombosis in vivo by inhibiting both coagulation and platelet thrombus formation. (nih.gov)
For a decade, anesthesiologists at the UT Graduate School of Medicine have researched platelet and whole blood functions to find better care for their patients. (utmck.edu)
The systemic activation of coagulation and inflammation in ACS enhances thrombin generation and platelet activation at the site of microvascular injury. (krakow.pl)

Hemostasis is the process that stops bleeding and prevents damaged blood vessels from losing too much blood. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Hemorrhoids are clumps of dilated (enlarged) blood vessels in the anus and lower rectum. (rxlist.com)
K2 activates proteins that remove calcium from the lining of blood vessels and deposit it to the bone. (thermogramcenter.com)
Vitamin K2 is preferred by the tissues outside the liver, including bone, cartilage and blood vessels. (thermogramcenter.com)
Normal functioning of each cell, tissue and organ in our body requires that our red blood cells are able to do their job of delivering oxygen and removing waste products (metabolites) by passing through the micro-circulation, that intricate web of tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that serves every part of our body. (positivehealth.com)
Maintains healthy blood flow through your capillaries-the most fragile of your blood vessels. (lifeextension.com)
Covid also affects blood vessels and blood coagulation. (covidteacher.com)
Other factors that stimulate Protein-C activation are thrombomodulin, endothelial protein-C receptors (present in the blood vessels) etc. (rtdiagnostics.net)
These Instruments enable powerful grasping and compression of the tissue combined with bipolar coagulation or sealing of blood vessels. (clinivahealthcare.com)
The immune system is composed of lymphatic vessels and organs, white blood cells, specialized cells residing in various tissues, and specialized chemical factors all of which must be supported. (postfalls-naturopathic.com)
[ 3 ] For example, in pneumococcal HUS, S pneumoniae damages endothelial cells in the blood vessels, disturbing local complement homeostasis and producing a thrombogenic state. (medscape.com)

HMWK is essential for blood coagulation and assembly of the kallikrein-kinin system. (nih.gov)
Vitamin K refers to the group of fat soluble vitamins, essential for blood coagulation and for binding calcium to the bone. (thermogramcenter.com)

Blood coagulation factor VIII (fVIII) functions as a cofactor in the blood coagulation cascade for proteolytic activation of factor X by factor IXa. (wwu.edu)
Vitamin K is key cofactor in activating clotting factors in the coagulation cascade. (medscape.com)
Necessary for the function of clotting factors in the coagulation cascade. (medscape.com)
The coagulation cascade cannot be adequately assessed by isolating the parts. (utmck.edu)
TEG can tell us which aspect of the coagulation cascade is at fault and allows us to get these assessments in real time,' Craft explains. (utmck.edu)
Action principle and advantage: The anticoagulant heparin activates antiithrombins thus blocking the coagulation cascade and produce the plasma. (heethealthcare.net)

Objective To determine whether FXIa promotes thrombin generation and coagulation in plasma in the absence of FIX, and to determine whether FXI-deficiency produces an antithrombotic effect in mice independently of FIX. (ssmu.ru)
ACS and especially STEMI was associated with more frequent presence of active TF and active FXI in circulating blood and their concentrations correlated with thrombin generation assessed in whole blood and in the microvascular injury model. (krakow.pl)

The subcommittee on DIC of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis has suggested the following definition for DIC: "An acquired syndrome characterized by the intravascular activation of coagulation with loss of localization arising from different causes. (medscape.com)
An activation of coagulation in response to microvascular injury and in whole blood was measured in ACS patients in comparison with CAD. (krakow.pl)

In hemostasis, platelets and a protein called fibrin work together to plug a damaged blood vessel wall. (medicalnewstoday.com)
At the same time, proteins in the blood plasma respond to form fibrin strands. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Fibrin is an insoluble protein that plays a role in blood clotting. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Blood clotting involves both cellular platelets and a protein called fibrin. (walkinlab.com)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is characterized by systemic activation of blood coagulation, which results in generation and deposition of fibrin, leading to microvascular thrombi in various organs and contributing to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). (medscape.com)
In vitro clot model to evaluate fibrin-thrombin effects on fractal dimension of incipient blood clot by: Ahmed Sabra, et al. (swan.ac.uk)
The process of the interaction of BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS that results in an insoluble FIBRIN clot. (bvsalud.org)

A form of recombinant human coagulation Factor VII used to treat hemophilia A and B. (drugbank.com)
A form of recombinant coagulation Factor VIII used to treat hemophilia A, von Willebrand disease, and Factor XIII deficiency. (drugbank.com)
A recombinant coagulation Factor IX derivative used to treat hemophilia B. (drugbank.com)
0.3 Nijmegen Bethesda Units for hemophilia B) on different blood samples which result in change in treatment recommendations. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Conditioned cell culture medium spiked with Recombinant Human Coagulation Factor X (Catalog # 1063-SE ), see our available Western blot detection antibodies . (rndsystems.com)

A coagulation factor used to treat Factor X deficiency to control bleeding. (drugbank.com)
Pfeiffer RA, Ott R, Gilgenkrantz S, Alexandre P. Deficiency of coagulation factors VII and X associated with deletion of a chromosome 13 (q34). (medscape.com)

The prothrombin time (PT) w/INR test measures the length of time it takes for a blood clot to form in a sample of blood. (walkinlab.com)
A LUPUS blood test includes: Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) Direct, Complete Blood Count with Differential and Platelets (CBC), Urinalysis Complete, Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Factor, Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) High Sensitivity Cardiac Risk, Comprehensive Metabolic Panel - 14 tests, Prothrombin Time (PT) and Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT). (walkinlab.com)

Clotting factor X is contained in plasma, the fluid component of blood. (medscape.com)
They may include medicines and transfusions of blood , platelets, or clotting factor. (medlineplus.gov)

Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Clinic? (who.int)

The data suggested that textured OFP materials may provide a practical approach to improve the biocompatibility of current biomaterials in the application of blood contacting medical devices with significant reduction in risk of pathogenic infection and thrombosis. (elsevier.com)
The antimicrobial and antithrombotic assays demonstrated that new materials combined with surface physical modification have significant reduction in risk of pathogenic infection and thrombosis, and improve the biocompatibility of current biomaterials in the application of blood-contacting medical devices. (elsevier.com)
2008) Defining the structure of membrane-bound human blood coagulation factor Va. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Vol.6 (No.1). (warwick.ac.uk)
Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is clotting of blood in a deep vein of an extremity (usually calf or thigh) or the pelvis. (merckmanuals.com)
Factor V Leiden, also known as Activated Protein C Resistance, is a hereditary blood disorder that causes hypercoagulability and an increased risk of thrombosis. (odp.org)

The cells are platelets, and the coagulation factors are proteins. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Coagulation factors are proteins. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Coagulation factors are proteins in your blood. (medlineplus.gov)

abstract = "A new poly[bis(octafluoropentoxy) phosphazene] (OFP) was synthesized for the purpose of blood contacting medical devices. (elsevier.com)

a) AB blood group has no antibodies. (bankofbiology.com)
Results of thrombophilia screening (standard blood coagulation tests and tests for antibodies against thrombin III and phospholipid) were negative. (cdc.gov)

The main aim of the present study was to find the coagulation profile of intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients with COVID-19 from Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran. (who.int)
We found an abnormal pattern of coagulation parameters and association of advanced age and comorbidities with a high rate of mortality in severe COVID-19 patients, which should be taken into consideration in their hospital management. (who.int)
Abnormal coagulation factors in Chinese patients with COVID-19 were associated with poor prognosis (5). (who.int)
There is no available study related to the evaluation of coagulation parameters in COVID-19 patients from the Islamic Republic of Iran. (who.int)
More comparison of reports from various populations related to the clinical course, outcome of COVID-19 and blood coagulation profile in these patients are necessary to help the management and treatment of the disease. (who.int)
The aims of the present study were to find the coagulation profile of 74 consecutive ICU-admitted patients with COVID-19 from Kermanshah Province, Islamic Republic of Iran, and to determine the influence of age and comorbidities on the level of these parameters. (who.int)
The combined detection of NT-proBNP, blood lipid, blood coagulation and fibrinolytic function can reflect the severity of PIH patients, and provide a reference for the early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation of PIH. (alliedacademies.org)
Indications include bleeding in patients with congenital coagulation defects and multiple coagulation factor deficiencies (severe liver disease). (medscape.com)
Factor X replacement that increases plasma levels of factor X and can temporarily correct the coagulation defect in these patients, as reflected by decrease in the aPTT and PT. (medscape.com)
We used atomic force microscopy to identify the ring stage, an immature developmental stage of P. falciparum that is dominant in peripheral blood of infected patients and a diagnostic hallmark ( Figure , panel C). We verified the presence of P. falciparum by using immunohistochemistry with polyclonal mouse antiserum against Plasmodium spp. (cdc.gov)
Researchers have developed a new tool for addressing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) - a blood disorder that proves fatal in many patients. (aichc.org)
The technology has not yet entered clinical trials, but in vivo studies using rat models and in vitro models using blood from DIC patients highlight the tech's potential. (aichc.org)
They administer more blood to patients than any other group of medical specialists. (utmck.edu)
To evaluate the presence of the F2 polymorphism in VTE patients compared to healthy blood donors and to adjust the results for common inherited thrombophilias [IT], age at onset and blood group [BG], and to calculate the risk of VTE recurrence. (springer.com)
We investigated 1012 Caucasian patients with a diagnosis of VTE for the presence of the F2 rs3136516 polymorphism and compared these with 902 healthy blood donors. (springer.com)
Patients suffering from osteoporosis can have extensive calcium plaque in the arteries, impairing blood flow. (thermogramcenter.com)
Since vitamin K can reverse the blood-thinning effect of Warfarin (Coumadin), patients are typically advised to avoid diets rich in K vitamins. (thermogramcenter.com)
To investigate the effect of storage duration of suspended red blood cells (SRBC) before intraoperative infusion on coagulation indexes, routine blood examination and immune function in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) tumors. (org.pk)
Lan X, Chen Y, Bi Q, Xu W, Huang J. Effects of storage duration of suspended red blood cells before intraoperative infusion on coagulation indexes, routine blood examination and immune function in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. (org.pk)
OBJECTIVES: To determine the amount of blood that should be discarded from a peripheral normal saline lock, a capped-off intravenous port, before a blood sample is obtained for determination of activated partial thromboplastin time from patients being treated with heparin. (aacnjournals.org)
Obtaining blood samples in this manner reduces patients' discomfort due to repeated venipuncture and diminishes blood loss. (aacnjournals.org)
And if so, whether Les Simpson's recommendations for improving blood flow in ME/CFS might be applicable to patients with Long Covid. (positivehealth.com)
Inhibitors of coagulation factor Xa (fXa) have emerged as a new class of antithrombotics but lack effective antidotes for patients experiencing serious bleeding. (nih.gov)
Patients' condition aggravate, appearing high fever with jaundice (yellow skin and eyes) or internal bleeding (mouth, nose, eyes, or stomach) and multiple organ failure including the liver, kidney and blood system. (cusabio.com)
Nowadays, with increasingly tailor-made prophylactic treatments, patients suffering from blood coagulation conditions can practice most sports, at any level, with no complications. (kedrion.it)

Background: Blood coagulation factor (F) Va is the essential protein cofactor to the serine protease FXa. (warwick.ac.uk)
1993. Malathion disposition in dermally and orally treated rats and its impact on the blood serum acetylcholine esterase and protein profile. (cdc.gov)
Protein -C is the main protein that helps in blood clotting. (rtdiagnostics.net)
Protein-C (PC) is also known as auto-pro-thrombin IIA and/or blood coagulation factor XIX). (rtdiagnostics.net)
Thus upon activation APC (activated protein-C) forms a complex with protein-S on a phospholipid surface and hence rapidly it inactivates blood clotting factors such as factor Va and factor VIIIa. (rtdiagnostics.net)
Activated protein-C (APC) other than regulating blood clotting, and apoptosis (programmed cell death), has Cytoprotective effects (anti-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells and leucocytes), and it is also involved in process inflammation, thus it has a modulatory role in inflammation (pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory actions. (rtdiagnostics.net)

Defense Health Agency (DHA) is seeking a multi-functional diagnostic to determine blood coagulopathy in real time at point-of-care (POC). (sbir.gov)
The study aim was to evaluate whether ANH improves coagulopathy and reduces blood transfusions in thoracic aortic surgeries. (uab.edu)

Injury to body parts activates several systems, including the autonomic nervous system, the coagulation system, the fibrinolytic system, the complement system, and the systemic inflammatory response. (medscape.com)

Blood-product derivatives are indicated for the correction of abnormal hemostatic parameters. (medscape.com)

cardiac medications such as: ACE inhibitors, blood pressure medications, alpha blockers, and beta blockers, and finally central nervous system medications such as pain medications. (cdc.gov)

An abnormal result on a blood test that checks how long it takes your blood to clot. (medlineplus.gov)

9. Van Deventer SJ, Buller HR, Ten Cate JW, Aarden LA, Hack CE, Sturk A. Experimental endotoxemia in humans: analysis of cytokine release and coagulation, fibrinolitic and complement pathways. (bvsalud.org)

Background and Aim: Perioperative blood transfusion is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. (uab.edu)
Reduction in red blood cell transfusion was not statistically significant. (uab.edu)
Intraoperative infusion of SRBC with storage duration longer than two weeks increases the risk of perioperative adverse transfusion reactions, which implies that the storage duration of SRBC should be strictly controlled in clinical practice to reduce the risk of blood transfusion. (org.pk)
The pathophysiology of massive blood loss is complex, comprising a wide range of physiologic derangements arising from tissue injury, bleeding, and transfusion of blood or blood products. (medscape.com)
Transfusion of blood and blood products is usually necessary during a bleeding catastrophe. (medscape.com)
The process of ordering and checking blood may be cumbersome during massive blood transfusion. (medscape.com)
Transfusion of blood and blood products is not without negative consequences. (medscape.com)
Understanding the physiology of massive hemorrhage, initiating massive transfusion, and preparing adequate blood inventories are fundamental components of management. (medscape.com)
The purpose of the public workshop is to discuss new methodologies for pre-clinical evaluation of the safety and efficacy of red blood cell transfusion products. (aabb.org)

1981. Effect of oximes and atropine on the concentration of cerebral glycogen and blood glucose in malathion-treated rats. (cdc.gov)
Suitable for analysis of blood glucose and lactate.Action principle and advantage: The additive EDTA potassium salt which can chalet calcium ion of blood prevents the blood coagulation. (heethealthcare.net)

Interactions between PROPOLIS and blood-thinning medications, often known as anticoagulants and antiplatelet medicines, are possible. (kfanhub.com)

Diagnosis of malaria depends on the demonstration of parasites in the blood, usually by microscopy. (cdc.gov)
The diagnosis is made by genetic analysis of the prothrombin 20210 gene using blood samples. (merckmanuals.com)
The differential diagnosis should include von Willebrand disease (see this term) and other coagulation anomalies leading to prolonged blood coagulation times. (rarehematologynews.com)

Coagulation is an essential part of hemostasis. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The dynamic evolution of the coagulation front in laser irradiated prostate tissue is simulated using a nonlinear finite element method (NFEM) which takes into account the temperature and thermal damage dependence of blood perfusion rate and optical properties. (utmb.edu)
Acute DIC develops when sudden exposure of blood to procoagulants (eg, tissue factor [TF], or tissue thromboplastin) generates intravascular coagulation. (medscape.com)
With tissue-penetrating red light, the aptamer is cleaved, and blood clotting is restored in human whole blood. (dnarna.de)
Microscopy of mummified visceral tissue from a Medici family member in Italy identified a potential blood vessel containing erythrocytes. (cdc.gov)
Thrombin functions during tissue factor-induced blood coagulation. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
While K1 is used by the liver to activate blood clotting proteins that stop bleeding, K2 is essential in the removal of excess minerals from soft tissue and vascular walls, i.e. the kidneys and arteries, and in the delivery and composition of calcium and minerals in the bone and teeth. (thermogramcenter.com)

Anything which causes cellular damage, including heart attacks, liver disease, and blood drawing itself, may cause higher values. (baysport.com)
The protocol included consideration of laboratory studies such as complete blood count, coagulation studies, liver function tests, and malaria testing, to assist in determining the need for Ebola testing. (cdc.gov)

Native fresh blood was hypocoagulable with weaker clot formation when compared to citrated blood at 30 min. (vin.com)
However, the underlying biochemical processes of plasma-assisted blood coagulation are largely unknown, and data quantifying blood clot formation or the impact of system parameters on the intensity of the blood clot are scarce. (tudublin.ie)

Factor XIa (FXIa) is a serine protease important for initiating the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. (rcsb.org)
Conclusion In addition to its predominant role as an activator of FIX, FXIa may contribute to coagulation by activating FX and FV. (ssmu.ru)

However, the latest research proposes combining K2 with anticoagulation treatment to stabilize blood coagulation while reducing Warfarin-induced arterial calcification. (thermogramcenter.com)
In rats, r-Antidote administration dose-dependently and completely corrected increases in blood loss resulting from ATIII-dependent anticoagulation by enoxaparin or fondaparinux. (nih.gov)

Blood (2022) 140 (20): 2154-2169. (ashpublications.org)

However, if left untreated, DVT can result in a pulmonary embolism, which occurs when the blood clot travels from the leg to the lungs. (cnn.com)

In this study, blood coagulation was quantified by measuring hemoglobin absorbance. (tudublin.ie)

The role of different coagulation and chromogenic assays in the accurate assessment of FVIII:C. (sheffield.ac.uk)

Telfer TP, Denson KW, Wright DR. A new coagulation defect. (medscape.com)

Human coagulation factor IX (EC 3.4.21.22, Christmas factor, plasma thromboplastin component), produced in CHO cells. (drugbank.com)
Activated partial thromboplastin times for the venipuncture blood sample were compared with the times for the blood samples obtained from the normal saline lock. (aacnjournals.org)
RESULTS: The only significant difference (P = .02) was that activated partial thromboplastin time was 15% higher in the blood sample obtained from the normal saline lock with no blood discarded than in the venipuncture blood sample. (aacnjournals.org)
CONCLUSIONS: Nurses can obtain accurate measurements of activated partial thromboplastin time with blood samples obtained from normal saline locks by first discarding a volume of blood equal to 2 times the dead space of the catheter and extension set. (aacnjournals.org)

Thank you for browsing our selection of Coagulation blood tests and panels. (walkinlab.com)
Traditional tests examine the coagulation properties of blood's individual components but not how they work together,' Craft says. (utmck.edu)
In addition to the standard tests for creatinine, albumin, and BUN/creatinine ratio, certain individuals should insist their doctor test for cystatin-C, a largely overlooked blood marker which provides a far more precise measure of renal function. (lifeextension.com)
Many people with covid need to go to the hospital to get chest x-rays, blood tests, other tests and treatments. (covidteacher.com)

Severe malaria occurs when infections are complicated by serious organ failures or abnormalities in the patient's blood or metabolism. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy12

Organisms15

Diseases26

Chemicals and Drugs120

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes33

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

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Health Care2

Exosites 1 and 2 are essential for protection of fibrin-bound thrombin from heparin-catalyzed inhibition by antithrombin and heparin cofactor II. (1/3556)

Nonanticoagulant heparin prevents coronary endothelial dysfunction after brief ischemia-reperfusion injury in the dog. (2/3556)

Distinct contributions of residue 192 to the specificity of coagulation and fibrinolytic serine proteases. (3/3556)

Age-related changes in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in mice fed on a high-cholesterol diet. (4/3556)

PPARgamma activation in human endothelial cells increases plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression: PPARgamma as a potential mediator in vascular disease. (5/3556)

Antithrombotic efficacy of thrombin inhibitor L-374,087: intravenous activity in a primate model of venous thrombus extension and oral activity in a canine model of primary venous and coronary artery thrombosis. (6/3556)

Risk of clot formation in femoral arterial sheaths maintained overnight for neuroangiographic procedures. (7/3556)

Thrombelastographic changes and early rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding. (8/3556)

Blood Coagulation

Blood Coagulation Factors

Blood Coagulation Tests

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Blood Coagulation Disorders

Thromboplastin

Factor Xa

Prothrombin Time

Factor VII

Partial Thromboplastin Time

Factor X

Prothrombin

Factor IX

Thrombelastography

Factor VIIa

Thrombin

Factor XIII

Whole Blood Coagulation Time

Factor XIa

Factor VIII

Fibrinolysis

Blood Coagulation Factor Inhibitors

Coagulants

Antithrombin III

Hemostasis

Protein C

Fibrinogen

Factor V

Factor IXa

Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives

Thrombin Time

Factor XIIa

Anticoagulants

Fibrin

Plasma Substitutes

Factor XII

Factor XI

Vitamin K

Factor XI Deficiency

Antithrombins

Factor XII Deficiency

Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products

Factor VIIIa

Thrombosis

Blood Platelets

Factor Va

Heparin

Thrombomodulin

Hemophilia A

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid

Kaolin

Protein S

Argon Plasma Coagulation

Hemophilia B

Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited

Hypoprothrombinemias

Coagulation Protein Disorders

Prekallikrein

Fibrinopeptide A

Amino Acid Sequence

Vitamin K Deficiency

Platelet Activation

Molecular Sequence Data

Serine Proteinase Inhibitors

Platelet Aggregation

Factor X Deficiency

Viperidae

Transglutaminases

Laser Coagulation

Hemostatics

Binding Sites

Hemorrhage

Polygeline

Kinetics

Recombinant Proteins

Electrocoagulation

Arcidae

Kallikreins

alpha-2-Antiplasmin

Factor VII Deficiency