Blastoderm
Embryo, Nonmammalian
Drosophila
Gastrula
The developmental stage that follows BLASTULA or BLASTOCYST. It is characterized by the morphogenetic cell movements including invagination, ingression, and involution. Gastrulation begins with the formation of the PRIMITIVE STREAK, and ends with the formation of three GERM LAYERS, the body plan of the mature organism.
Blastodisc
A small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK where cleavage begins. Upon fertilization the cytoplasm streams from the vegetal pole away from the yolk to the animal pole where cleavage will occur. This germinal area eventually flattens into a layer of cells (BLASTODERM) that covers the yolk completely.
Drosophila Proteins
Drosophila melanogaster
Body Patterning
The processes occurring in early development that direct morphogenesis. They specify the body plan ensuring that cells will proceed to differentiate, grow, and diversify in size and shape at the correct relative positions. Included are axial patterning, segmentation, compartment specification, limb position, organ boundary patterning, blood vessel patterning, etc.
Chick Embryo
Tribolium
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Coturnix
Heteroptera
Morphogenesis
Quail
Fushi Tarazu Transcription Factors
Organizers, Embryonic
Cells in certain regions of an embryo that self-regulate embryonic development. These organizers have been found in dorsal and ventral poles of GASTRULA embryos, including Spemann organizer in amphibians, and Hensen node in chicken and mouse. These organizer cells communicate with each other via a network of secreted signaling proteins, such as BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS and their antagonists (chordin and noggin).
Blastula
Zebrafish
Nodal Signaling Ligands
Members of the transforming growth factor superfamily that play a role in pattern formation and differentiation during the pregastrulation and GASTRULATION stages of chordate development. Several nodal signaling ligands are specifically involved in the genesis of left-right asymmetry during development. The protein group is named after a critical region of the vertebrate embryo PRIMITIVE STREAK referred to as HENSEN'S NODE.
Cleavage Stage, Ovum
The earliest developmental stage of a fertilized ovum (ZYGOTE) during which there are several mitotic divisions within the ZONA PELLUCIDA. Each cleavage or segmentation yields two BLASTOMERES of about half size of the parent cell. This cleavage stage generally covers the period up to 16-cell MORULA.
Insect Hormones
Homeodomain Proteins
Germ Layers
Embryonic Induction
The Drosophila melanogaster homologue of the Xeroderma pigmentosum D gene product is located in euchromatic regions and has a dynamic response to UV light-induced lesions in polytene chromosomes. (1/342)
The XPD/ERCC2/Rad3 gene is required for excision repair of UV-damaged DNA and is an important component of nucleotide excision repair. Mutations in the XPD gene generate the cancer-prone syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum, Cockayne's syndrome, and trichothiodystrophy. XPD has a 5'- to 3'-helicase activity and is a component of the TFIIH transcription factor, which is essential for RNA polymerase II elongation. We present here the characterization of the Drosophila melanogaster XPD gene (DmXPD). DmXPD encodes a product that is highly related to its human homologue. The DmXPD protein is ubiquitous during development. In embryos at the syncytial blastoderm stage, DmXPD is cytoplasmic. At the onset of transcription in somatic cells and during gastrulation in germ cells, DmXPD moves to the nuclei. Distribution analysis in polytene chromosomes shows that DmXPD is highly concentrated in the interbands, especially in the highly transcribed regions known as puffs. UV-light irradiation of third-instar larvae induces an increase in the signal intensity and in the number of sites where the DmXPD protein is located in polytene chromosomes, indicating that the DmXPD protein is recruited intensively in the chromosomes as a response to DNA damage. This is the first time that the response to DNA damage by UV-light irradiation can be visualized directly on the chromosomes using one of the TFIIH components. (+info)Cell death in the avian blastoderm: resistance to stress-induced apoptosis and expression of anti-apoptotic genes. (2/342)
We investigated the expression of an apoptotic cell death program in blastodermal cells prior to gastrulation and the susceptibility of these cells to stress-induced cell death. A low frequency (3.1%) of apoptotic blastodermal cells was observed in Hoechst 33342-vitally stained cytological preparations of complete blastoderms from unincubated eggs. These cells showed the stereotypic features of apoptosis including a progression of nuclear changes, cell shrinkage and blebbing, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Prolonged storage of eggs at 12 degrees C induced apoptosis in blastodermal cells (14%). A modest amount of apoptosis (10%) was also induced at the heat shock temperature of 48 degrees C, but not at 45 degrees C. Etoposide and other potent cytotoxic drugs failed to induce apoptosis in the blastodermal cells after 4 h of exposure. Progressively more apoptosis was induced at 8 and 24 h, but it did not exceed 35% of the cells. We detected transcripts for the anti-apoptotic genes bcl-2, bcl-xL, and hsp70. The developmental expression of these genes, especially hsp70, correlated with the delayed and limited stress-induction of apoptosis. These studies reveal the capacity of pre-streak blastodermal cells to engage in apoptosis and their relative resistance to stress conditions. This may be due to the prominent expression of hsp70 and/or multiple cell death genes which primarily antagonize cell death. (+info)Reconstitution of the organizer is both sufficient and required to re-establish a fully patterned body plan in avian embryos. (3/342)
Lateral blastoderm isolates (LBIs) at the late gastrula/early neurula stage (i.e., stage 3d/4) that lack Hensen's node (organizer) and primitive streak can reconstitute a functional organizer and primitive streak within 10-12 hours in culture. We used LBIs to study the initiation and regionalization of the body plan. A complete body plan forms in each LBI by 36 hours in culture, and normal craniocaudal, dorsoventral, and mediolateral axes are re-established. Thus, reconstitution of the organizer is sufficient to re-establish a fully patterned body plan. LBIs can be modified so that reconstitution of the organizer does not occur. In such modified LBIs, tissue-type specific differentiation (with the exception of heart differentiation) and reconstitution of the body plan fail to occur. Thus, the reconstitution of the organizer is not only sufficient to re-establish a fully patterned body plan, it is also required. Finally, our results show that formation and patterning of the heart is under the control of the organizer, and that such control is exerted during the early to mid-gastrula stages (i.e., stages 2-3a), prior to formation of the fully elongated primitive streak. (+info)Timing and cell interactions underlying neural induction in the chick embryo. (4/342)
Previous studies on neural induction have identified regionally localized inducing activities, signaling molecules, potential competence factors and various other features of this important, early differentiation event. In this paper, we have developed an improved model system for analyzing neural induction and patterning using transverse blastoderm isolates obtained from gastrulating chick embryos. We use this model to establish the timing of neural specification and the spatial distribution of perinodal cells having organizer activity. We show that a tissue that acts either as an organizer or as an inducer of an organizer is spatially co-localized with the prospective neuroectoderm immediately rostral to the primitive streak in the early gastrula. As the primitive streak elongates, this tissue with organizing activity and the prospective neuroectoderm rostral to the streak separate. Furthermore, we show that up to and through the mid-primitive streak stage (i.e., stage 3c/3+), the prospective neuroectoderm cannot self-differentiate (i.e. , express neural markers and acquire neural plate morphology) in isolation from tissue with organizer activity. Signals from the organizer and from other more caudal regions of the primitive streak act on the rostral prospective neuroectoderm and the latter gains potency (i.e., is specified) by the fully elongated primitive streak stage (i.e., stage 3d). Transverse blastoderm isolates containing non-specified, prospective neuroectoderm provide an improved model system for analyzing early signaling events involved in neuraxis initiation and patterning. (+info)Analysis of an even-skipped rescue transgene reveals both composite and discrete neuronal and early blastoderm enhancers, and multi-stripe positioning by gap gene repressor gradients. (5/342)
The entire functional even-skipped locus of Drosophila melanogaster is contained within a 16 kilobase region. As a transgene, this region is capable of rescuing even-skipped mutant flies to fertile adulthood. Detailed analysis of the 7.7 kb of regulatory DNA 3' of the transcription unit revealed ten novel, independently regulated patterns. Most of these patterns are driven by non-overlapping regulatory elements, including ones for syncytial blastoderm stage stripes 1 and 5, while a single element specifies both stripes 4 and 6. Expression analysis in gap gene mutants showed that stripe 5 is restricted anteriorly by Kruppel and posteriorly by giant, the same repressors that regulate stripe 2. Consistent with the coregulation of stripes 4 and 6 by a single cis-element, both the anterior border of stripe 4 and the posterior border of stripe 6 are set by zygotic hunchback, and the region between the two stripes is 'carved out' by knirps. Thus the boundaries of stripes 4 and 6 are set through negative regulation by the same gap gene domains that regulate stripes 3 and 7 (Small, S., Blair, A. and Levine, M. (1996) Dev. Biol. 175, 314-24), but at different concentrations. The 3' region also contains a single element for neurogenic expression in ganglion mother cells 4-2a and 1-1a, and neurons derived from them (RP2, a/pCC), suggesting common regulators in these lineages. In contrast, separable elements were found for expression in EL neurons, U/CQ neurons and the mesoderm. The even-skipped 3' untranslated region is required to maintain late stage protein expression in RP2 and a/pCC neurons, and appears to affect protein levels rather than mRNA levels. Additionally, a strong pairing-sensitive repression element was localized to the 3' end of the locus, but was not found to contribute to efficient functional rescue. (+info)A transcription unit at the ken and barbie gene locus encodes a novel Drosophila zinc finger protein. (6/342)
We describe a novel Drosophila transcription unit, located in chromosome region 60A. It encodes a zinc finger protein that is expressed in distinct spatial and temporal patterns during embryogenesis. Its initial expression occurs in a stripe at the anterior and the posterior trunk boundary, respectively. The two stripes are activated and spatially controlled by gap-gene activities. The P-element of the enhancer trap line l(2)02970 is inserted in the 5'-region of the transcript and causes a ken and barbie (ken) phenotype, associated with malformation of male genital structures. (+info)Induction of the mesendoderm in the zebrafish germ ring by yolk cell-derived TGF-beta family signals and discrimination of mesoderm and endoderm by FGF. (7/342)
The endoderm forms the gut and associated organs, and develops from a layer of cells which emerges during gastrula stages in the vertebrate embryo. In comparison to mesoderm and ectoderm, little is known about the signals which induce the endoderm. The origin of the endoderm is intimately linked with that of mesoderm, both by their position in the embryo, and by the molecules that can induce them. We characterised a gene, zebrafish gata5, which is expressed in the endoderm from blastula stages and show that its transcription is induced by signals originating from the yolk cell. These signals also induce the mesoderm-expressed transcription factor no tail (ntl), whose initial expression coincides with gata5 in the cells closest to the blastoderm margin, then spreads to encompass the germ ring. We have characterised the induction of these genes and show that ectopic expression of activin induces gata5 and ntl in a pattern which mimics the endogenous expression, while expression of a dominant negative activin receptor abolishes ntl and gata5 expression. Injection of RNA encoding a constitutively active activin receptor leads to ectopic expression of gata5 and ntl. gata5 is activated cell-autonomously, whereas ntl is induced in cells distant from those which have received the RNA, showing that although expression of both genes is induced by a TGF-beta signal, expression of ntl then spreads by a relay mechanism. Expression of a fibroblast growth factor (eFGF) or a dominant negatively acting FGF receptor shows that ntl but not gata5 is regulated by FGF signalling, implying that this may be the relay signal leading to the spread of ntl expression. In embryos lacking both squint and cyclops, members of the nodal group of TGF-beta related molecules, gata5 expression in the blastoderm is abolished, making these factors primary candidates for the endogenous TGF-beta signal inducing gata5. (+info)Characterization of Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2 activity during zebrafish embryogenesis. (8/342)
We have developed a simple fluorescent assay for detection of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in zebrafish embryos that utilizes a fluorescent phosphatidylcholine substrate. By using this assay in conjunction with selective PLA2 inhibitors and Western blot analysis, we identified the principal activity in zebrafish embryogenesis as characteristic of the Ca2+-dependent cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) subtype. Embryonic cPLA2 activity remained constant from the 1-cell stage until the onset of somitogenesis, at which time it increased sharply. This increase was preceded by the expression of a previously identified zebrafish cPLA2 homologue (Nalefski, E., Sultzman, L., Martin, D., Kriz, R., Towler, P., Knopf, J., and Clark, J. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 18239-18249). By using a quenched BODIPY-labeled phosphatidylcholine that fluoresces only upon cleavage by PLA2, lipase activity was visualized in the cells of living embryos where it localized to perinuclear membranes. (+info)Dynein anchors its mRNA cargo after apical transport in the Drosophila blastoderm embryo. - Oxford Neuroscience
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Coenocyte
The word syncytium in animal embryology is used to refer to the coenocytic blastoderm of invertebrates. A coenocytic cell is ... At first, the nuclei of the early embryo rapidly and synchronously divide in the "syncytial" blastoderm and then migrate ... blastoderms, i.e. early on the embryos exhibit incomplete cell division. The nuclei undergo S-phase (DNA replication) and ... the egg is called a cellular blastoderm. The pole cells - the germline anlage - are the first cells to separate fully. Certain ...
Drosophila embryogenesis
... cell membranes form around the nuclei of the syncytial blastoderm converting it to a cellular blastoderm. The expression ... This process sets up a gradient between the ventral and dorsal side of the blastoderm embryo with the repression or induction ... At the dorsal side of the embryo, blastoderm nuclei where this is little or no nuclear dorsal protein express zerknüllt, ... At the ventral end of the embryo, blastoderm nuclei exposed to high concentrations of dorsal protein induce the transcription ...
Gap gene
It has been demonstrated that gap gene expression in the Drosophila blastoderm exhibit a property called as canalization, a ... "Mechanisms of gap gene expression canalization in the Drosophila blastoderm". BMC Systems Biology. 5 (118): 118. doi:10.1186/ ...
Koller's sickle
The blastoderm is a single layer of cells, and the hypoblast and area opaca endoderm cells lie directly below the blastoderm. ... As blastoderm cells migrate anteriorly they push primary hypoblast cells and form a secondary hypoblast known as the endoblast ... By implanting a fragment of quail Koller's sickle into a chicken blastoderm, Drs. Callebaut and Van Nueten observed the ... Callebaut, M; Van Nueten, E (1994). "Rauber's (Koller's) sickle: The early gastrulation organizer of the avian blastoderm". ...
Magic: The Gathering deck types
Fires, which uses Fires of Yavimaya with Saproling Burst and Blastoderm. Dredge, which uses Bazaar of Baghdad and cards with ...
Mary Logan Reddick
The larger question she addressed was what the developmental potential was of portions of the early chick blastoderm, when ... Reddick ML (1937). The differentiation of portions of the chick blastoderm in chorio-allantoic grafts. Thesis for Degree of the ... "The differentiation of portions of the chick blastoderm in chorio-allantoic grafts". Robert W. Woodruff Library. University of ... with a thesis studying the embryo chick blastoderm. After gaining her Masters, Reddick began teaching biology at Spelman in ...
Dorothea Rudnick
Her dissertation was titled "Thyroid Forming Potencies of the Early Chick Blastoderm." Dr. Rudnick spent most of her academic ... Dorothea Rudnick, "Thyroid Forming Potencies of the Early Chic Blastoderm" (University of Chicago 1931). "Dorothea Rudnick" in ...
John Philip Trinkaus
"Differentiation of the Junctional Complex of Surface Cells in the Developing Fundulus Blastoderm". The Journal of Cell Biology ...
Spiny dogfish
One can determine if an egg is fertilized when the blastoderm is visible. The candle passes through the rest of the ...
Gap junction
... fish blastoderm, frog embryos, rabbit ovary, re-aggregating cells, cockroach hemocyte capsules, rabbit skin, chick embryos, ... "Gap junction-mediated transfer of left-right patterning signals in the early chick blastoderm is upstream of Shh asymmetry in ... "Differentiation of the junctional complex of surface cells in the developing Fundulus blastoderm". J. Cell Biol. 48 (3): 455-72 ...
ChIP-on-chip
"Transcription Factors Bind Thousands of Active and Inactive Regions in the Drosophila Blastoderm". PLOS Biology. 6 (2): e27. ...
Cellularization
First 13 nuclear divisions take place forming a syncytial blastoderm consisting of approximately 6000 nuclei. During the later ...
Epiboly
Interior cells of the blastoderm move towards the outer cells, thus "intercalating" with each other. The blastoderm begins to ... Studies on fundulus demonstrated that the YSL is capable of undergoing epiboly even when the blastoderm has been removed, ... however, the blastoderm cannot undergo epiboly in the absence of the YSL. In zebrafish, there is a microtubule array in the ... of the blastoderm which will eventually form the embryo's three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). The EVL, YSL, ...
Philip Ingham
... and engrailed in the Drosophila blastoderm". Cell. 44 (6): 949-957. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90018-8. PMID 3955654. S2CID ...
Hypoblast
Area opaca is the blastoderm's peripheral part where the cells remain unseparated from the yolk. It is a white area that ... In fish, the hypoblast is the inner layer of the thickened margin of the epibolizing blastoderm in the gastrulating fish embryo ... Simultaneously, the secondary hypoblast (endoblast) cells continue to migrate anteriorly from the blastoderm's posterior ... The resulting two-layered blastoderm (epiblast and hypoblast) is joined at the marginal zone of the area opaca, and the space ...
ANLN
These actomyosin rings invaginate to separate all nuclei for one another in the syncytial blastoderm. Anillin has a unique ...
Pair-rule gene
... and engrailed in the Drosophila blastoderm". Cell. 44 (6): 949-957. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90018-8. PMID 3955654. S2CID ...
Decapentaplegic
At the early blastoderm stage, Dpp signaling is uniform and low along the dorsal side. A sharp signaling profile emerges at the ...
Krüppel
In this way the initial gradients of morphogens can lead to the establishment of a specific region within the blastoderm. It ... Krüppel is expressed in the center of the embryo during the cellular blastoderm stage of development. Its expression pattern is ... Diagram at Davidson College - a Drosophila embryo at the cellular blastoderm stage triple-labeled for three segmentation ...
Animal embryonic development
The blastoderm now consists of three layers, an outer ectoderm, a middle mesoderm, and an inner endoderm; each has distinctive ... The blastula is usually a spherical layer of cells (the blastoderm) surrounding a fluid-filled or yolk-filled cavity (the ...
The Origin of Birds
He presents here several figures and illustrations of the cleavage of the blastoderm in reptiles and birds. He examines in ...
Triploblasty
The term triploblast may refer to any egg cell in which the blastoderm splits into three layers. All bilaterians, the animals ...
Regional differentiation
This axis is defined by the creation of a pH difference "inside" and "outside" of the blastoderm between the subgerminal space ... the lighter yolk components will be near one end of the blastoderm and will become the future posterior. The molecular basis of ...
Chicken as biological research model
Distinct tissue areas were recognized that grew and gave rise to specific structures, including the blastoderm, or chick origin ...
Blastocoel
The blastoderm develops into the epiblast and hypoblast and it is between these layers that the blastocoel will form. The shape ...
Masques block
Many of the cards with Fading were quite powerful; the cards Parallax Wave, Parallax Tide, Blastoderm, Saproling Burst, and ...
Cell fate determination
It was discovered that cellularization of the blastoderm took place either during or before the specifications of body regions ...
Fish development
As the blastoderm cells undergo epiboly around the yolk the internalization of cells at the blastoderm margin start to form ... Once blastoderm cells have covered almost half of the yolk cell, thickening throughout the margin of deep cells occurs. The ... This layer forms when the cells at the vegetal pole of the blastoderm combine with the yolk cell underneath it. Later in ... The second cell population is the enveloping layer which is made of superficial cells from the blastoderm that eventually form ...
Spätzle (gene)
... isoforms of the Drosophila Spätzle protein are encoded by alternatively spliced maternal mRNAs in the precellular blastoderm ...
Developmental biology
This undergoes a period of divisions to form a ball or sheet of similar cells called a blastula or blastoderm. These cell ...
Blastoderm - Wikipedia
Gastrulation follows blastoderm formation, where the tips of the blastoderm begins the formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and ... In chicken eggs, the blastoderm represents a flat disc after embryonic fertilization. At the edge of the blastoderm is the site ... A blastoderm (germinal disc, blastodisc) is a single layer of embryonic epithelial tissue that makes up the blastula. It ... The blastoderm is formed when the oocyte plasma membrane begins cleaving by invagination, creating multiple cells that arrange ...
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Mechanisms of gap gene expression canalization in the Drosophila blastoderm | BMC Systems Biology | Full Text
Extensive variation in early gap gene expression in the Drosophila blastoderm is reduced over time because of gap gene cross ... Gursky, V.V., Panok, L., Myasnikova, E.M. et al. Mechanisms of gap gene expression canalization in the Drosophila blastoderm. ... Extensive variation in early gap gene expression in the Drosophila blastoderm is reduced over time because of gap gene cross ... Mechanisms of gap gene expression canalization in the Drosophila blastoderm. *Vitaly V Gursky. 1, ...
Induction of the neural canal in young blastoderms of chick embryos (Gallus domesticus). An optic and electron microscopic...
Llopart, F. ; Domenech Mateu, J. M. / Induction of the neural canal in young blastoderms of chick embryos (Gallus domesticus). ... Dive into the research topics of Induction of the neural canal in young blastoderms of chick embryos (Gallus domesticus). An ... Llopart, F., & Domenech Mateu, J. M. (1981). Induction of the neural canal in young blastoderms of chick embryos (Gallus ... Llopart, F & Domenech Mateu, JM 1981, Induction of the neural canal in young blastoderms of chick embryos (Gallus domesticus ...
Search | The Embryo Project Encyclopedia
The Blastoderm in Chicks During Early Gastrulation. This image shows a chicken (Gallus gallus) embryo undergoing gastrulation ... At this point in time the chicken embryo is a blastoderm (shown in blue). The first magnification of the embryo shows that the ... The second rectangular magnification shows the blastoderm cross-sectioned through the primitive streak. ... blastoderm cell layers have thickened to form the primitive streak and Hensens node. The primitive streak extends from the ...
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The Blastoderm in Chicks During Early Gastrulation. This image shows a chicken (Gallus gallus) embryo undergoing gastrulation ... At this point in time the chicken embryo is a blastoderm (shown in blue). The first magnification of the embryo shows that the ... The second rectangular magnification shows the blastoderm cross-sectioned through the primitive streak. ... blastoderm cell layers have thickened to form the primitive streak and Hensens node. The primitive streak extends from the ...
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In contrast, in a model animal coenocyte, the syncytial blastoderm of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, cellularization is ... This is in contrast to the role of microtubules during cellularization of the blastoderm in Drosophila, where microtubules also ... Given that these processes play a major role during cellularization of the insect blastoderm, we investigated the expression ... 2002) How one becomes many: blastoderm cellularization in Drosophila Melanogaster BioEssays 24:1012-1022. ...
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Temporal pattern of the posterior expression of Wingless in Drosophila blastoderm. Gene Expr Patterns. 2011;11:456-63. ... form the endodermal cells at a defined point of the blastoderm [10,62-67]. These cells migrate over the yolk mass, and often ... and can occur from a small posteroventral area of the blastoderm (for example, onychophorans [65,76]), or from individual cells ... delaminating from the blastoderm (for example, in some myriapods [63]). By contrast, in those marine crustaceans with ...
Rho1 regulates Drosophila adherens junctions independently of p120ctn | Development | The Company of Biologists
We tested this by injecting blastoderm-stage embryos with dsRNA directed against the p120 coding region. p120RNAi did not ... 3M, blue arrowheads;DE-Cad accumulated apically). Second, comparison of blastoderm, extended germband, and dorsal closure-stage ... DRhoGEF2 regulates actin organization and contractility in the Drosophila blastoderm embryo. J. Cell Biol. ... Syncytial blastoderm embryos were bleach-dechorionated and injected under halocarbon oil at the posterior end with dsRNA at 5 ...
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Drosophila10
- Extensive variation in early gap gene expression in the Drosophila blastoderm is reduced over time because of gap gene cross regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
- We identify an ODE model for eve mRNA pattern formation in the Drosophila melanogaster blastoderm and show that this reproduces the experimental patterns well. (escholarship.org)
- Activation of posterior gap gene expression in the Drosophila blastoderm. (mpg.de)
- A two-step mode of stripe formation in the Drosophila blastoderm requires interactions among primary pair rule genes. (mpg.de)
- In Drosophila aktiviert ein Gradient des bicoid-Proteins die Transkription von hunchback im vorderen Blastoderm. (uni-goettingen.de)
- Reporterexpression im vorderen Blastoderm von transgenen Drosophila-Embryonen wurde nur für solche Promotoren beobachtet, die aus einer Fliegenart mit einem bicoid-Ortholog stammten. (uni-goettingen.de)
- In Drosophila, a gradient of bicoid protein activates the transcription of hunchback in the anterior blastoderm and thereby initiates patterning of the thorax. (uni-goettingen.de)
- Reporter expression in the anterior blastoderm of transgenic Drosophila was recorded only when the promoter was taken from a species with a bicoid orthologue. (uni-goettingen.de)
- Canalization of Gene Expression and Domain Shifts in the Drosophila Blastoderm by Dynamical Attractors. (dagstuhl.de)
- Ventral furrow formation is the first large-scale movement in the Drosophila cellular blastoderm which involves the co-ordinated shape change of cells, and as such is an ideal system to use as a proof of principle for simulation methods to study the mechanics of morphogenesis. (upc.edu)
Syncytial blastoderm4
- Our focus is the anterior portion of the syncytial blastoderm of Drosphila where the expression domains of gap genes are partially overlapping. (fapesp.br)
- Concurrent with the mitotic events of the syncytial blastoderm period, the spectrin caps elongate at interphase and prophase, and divide as metaphase and anaphase progress. (rupress.org)
- Nuclear speed and cycle length co-vary with local density during syncytial blastoderm. (extavourlab.com)
- Seth and Taro' s preprint titled " Local density determines nuclear movements during syncytial blastoderm formation in a cricket " has been posted to bioRxiv ! (extavourlab.com)
Chick Blastoderm3
- Testoviron is a potent inducer of chick blastoderm. (semanticscholar.org)
- Aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid) was dissolved either in normal saline or in phosphate buffer and was used in two doses to find out whether teratogenic potential of aspirin in chick blastoderm model is due to its acidic property or due to drug action. (who.int)
- Bryo liver cells and in the erythroid cell precursors of the chick blastoderm. (nwbedliners.com)
Embryo6
- At this point in time the chicken embryo is a blastoderm (shown in blue). (asu.edu)
- The first magnification of the embryo shows that the blastoderm cell layers have thickened to form the primitive streak and Hensen's node. (asu.edu)
- In this project, we aim to establish a 3D co-culture between the blastoderm of the zebrafish embryo and the MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells. (fapesp.br)
- All cells in the embryo divide, however, and the researchers observed that only a very specific region of the tissue, the central region of the blastoderm, became fluid. (ista.ac.at)
- When the fluidity transition goes wrong - either because the researchers stopped Wnt signaling so that all areas of the blastoderm become fluid, or because they inhibited fluidization in the entire blastoderm - doming is impaired and the embryo progresses more slowly during early development. (ista.ac.at)
- Whether these divided into the balance between the Buy Diazepam In Brazil other salts anterior spinal artery, the effects of fig. Older embryo appear to prevent Buy Diazepam In Brazil the eggs contain a blastoderm shapes of hydatiform degeneration. (solo-predictions.com)
Cellular blastoderm1
- This coordinated cellularization results in the formation of a single layer of polarized epithelial tissue, also known as cellular blastoderm ( Mazumdar and Mazumdar, 2002 ). (elifesciences.org)
Zebrafish blastoderm1
- By using percolation theory, combined with directly monitoring dynamic changes in tissue rheology and cell contact mechanics, we demonstrate that the zebrafish blastoderm undergoes a genuine rigidity PT, brought about by a small reduction in adhesion-dependent cell connectivity below a critical value. (nyu.edu)
Ectoderm2
- Gastrulation follows blastoderm formation, where the tips of the blastoderm begins the formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. (wikipedia.org)
- In the first 2-3 days the early embryonic germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) in the blastoderm are just few and so oxygen can be obtained easily. (lawrenceperegrines.com)
Embryonic4
- A blastoderm (germinal disc, blastodisc) is a single layer of embryonic epithelial tissue that makes up the blastula. (wikipedia.org)
- In chicken eggs, the blastoderm represents a flat disc after embryonic fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
- Only the lineages of cells in the blastoderm of the beetle, which are at the border of the embryonic and extra embryonic tissues will be used for the evaluation of the detection, segmentation, and tracking accuracy. (celltrackingchallenge.net)
- The invention relates to a process by which avian blastoderm cells are grown on a mouse fibroblast feeder cell layer in a medium containing a leukemia inhibitory factor, such that undifferentiated avian cells expressing an embryonic stem cell phenotype are produced. (cellmedicine.com)
Cellularization1
- We applied Illumina sequencing to total RNA preparations of 8-10 hours old embryos of C. capitata, This developmental window corresponds to the blastoderm cellularization stage. (sciencecentral.in)
Cells10
- The blastoderm is formed when the oocyte plasma membrane begins cleaving by invagination, creating multiple cells that arrange themselves into an outer sleeve to the blastocoel. (wikipedia.org)
- At the edge of the blastoderm is the site of active migration by most cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Finally, we show that this uniform PT depends on blastoderm cells undergoing meta-synchronous divisions causing random and, consequently, uniform changes in cell connectivity. (nyu.edu)
- At a specific region below the equator the blastoderm cells assume an elongated bottle like shape. (brainkart.com)
- The layer of cells is called BLASTODERM. (uams.edu)
- The blastula is usually a spherical layer of cells (the blastoderm) surrounding a fluid-filled or yolk-filled cavity (the blastocoel). (umn.edu)
- The researchers have shown how mitochondria move about in the cells using the cytoskeleton and help in formation of different cells from the blastoderm. (researchmatters.in)
- From this frequency of mosaicism we estimated the number of functional primordial germ cells to be betwen 3 and 6 cells at the blastoderm stage. (princeton.edu)
- Further disclosed are methods by which avian cells are collected from an avian blastoderm prior to the formation of the primitive streak, after which the avian cells are deposited in contact with a mouse fibroblast feeder cell layer and grown in the presence of a leukemia inhibitory factor in a differentiation-inhibiting amount for a time sufficient to produce a sustained avian cell culture. (cellmedicine.com)
- The method comprises collecting avian cells from an avian blastoderm prior to formation of the primitive streak, then depositing the avian cells in contact with a mouse fibroblast feeder cell layer, and then growing the avian cells on the mouse fibroblast feeder cell layer in the presence of a media containing leukemia inhibitory factor in a differentiation-inhibiting amount for a time sufficient to produce a sustained avian cell culture. (cellmedicine.com)
Yolk2
- At the very beginning of zebrafish development, a tissue layer, the so-called blastoderm, spreads over the yolk. (ista.ac.at)
- If you want to know if your egg has been fertilized, crack it and look for the blastoderm - a white spot on the yolk, or maybe even blood spots. (howtosearch.com)
Focal plane1
- The focal plane is deep within the blastoderm. (ucsd.edu)
Primitive streak1
- The second rectangular magnification shows the blastoderm cross-sectioned through the primitive streak. (asu.edu)
Neural2
Stage1
- zygote, 4-cell stage, and blastoderm. (freezingblue.com)
Concept1
- The very sudden transition from viscous to fluid in the blastoderm resembles a well-known concept from physics, the phase transition. (ista.ac.at)
Syncytial2
- We observed a dramatic decrease of classification performance when the training and testing samples were derived from two different developmental stages, the nuclear divisions of the syncytial blastoderm and the cell divisions during gastrulation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Nuclear speed and cycle length co-vary with local density during syncytial blastoderm formation in a cricket. (extavourlab.com)
Stages1
- Differentiated world to the source of the malware activation in the ideas of form and connection and in blastoderm and undergraduate stages. (al-huda.com)
Segmentation1
- What is more unusual is when this segmentation leads to the formation of a blastoderm, which is extremely rare, and it continues to the production of embryonic rudiments affecting the form of fetal organs more or less recognizable. (jasoncolavito.com)
Chicken1
- After chicken egg fertilizing, it started to form a zygote which is known as blastoderm. (modernfarmertips.com)
Tissue1
- By using a combination of theory and experiments, we show that epithelial surface cells not only trigger blastoderm expansion by reducing tissue surface tension, but also drive blastoderm thinning by inducing tissue contraction through radial deep cell intercalations. (unige.ch)
Cell2
- The term triploblast may refer to any egg cell in which the blastoderm splits into three layers. (comicsanscancer.com)
- Described herein are cultured avian embryonic stem cells that have been obtained by growing avian blastoderm cells on a mouse fibroblast feeder cell layer in a medium containing leukemia inhibitory factor. (cellmedicine.com)
White1
- is that chalones is while halones is (biology) alternating transparent and opaque white rings which are seen outside the blastoderm, on the surface of the developing egg of the hen and other birds. (wikidiff.com)
Entire1
- It occupies the entire blastoderm. (biozoomer.com)
Regions1
- offer sieving iPhone with 338 publications by working blastoderm or Enjoy EM Protein Misfolding Diseases: regions and Protocols( Methods in Molecular Biology). (swcomsvc.com)