Blast Injuries
Bombs
Military Medicine
Explosive Agents
Hospitals, Military
Tympanic Membrane
Brain Injuries
Lung Injury
Wounds and Injuries
Spinal Cord Injuries
Burns
Hot Flashes
Bioelectric Energy Sources
Electric Power Supplies
Development of serial bio-shock tubes and their application. (1/205)
OBJECTIVE: To design and produce serial shock tubes and further examine their application to experimental studies on blast injury. METHODS: Bio-medical engineering technique was used for the design and development of the serial shock tubes. One thousand four hundred and fifty nine animals (757 rats, 105 guinea pigs, 335 rabbits, 240 dogs and 22 sheep) were then used to test the wounding effects of the shock tubes. RESULTS: Three types of bio-shock tubes, that is, large-, medium- and small-scale shock tubes were made in our laboratory. The large-scale shock tube is 39 meters long; the inner diameter of the test section is 1 meter; and the maximum overpressure in the driving section is 10.3 MPa. A negative pressure could be formed by means of the reflected rarefactive wave produced by the end plate. The medium-scale shock tube is 34.5 meters long; the maximum overpressure in the driving section is 22 MPa; the test section is designed to be a knockdown, showing 5 basic types with inner diameter of 77 to 600 millimeters, which could be used for researches on overpressure, explosive decompression, underwater explosion, and so on. The small-scale shock tube is 0.5 meter long with the maximum endured overpressure of 68.6 MPa. Results from animal experiments showed that this set of shock tubes could induce various degrees of systemic or local blast injury in large or small animals. CONCLUSIONS: This set of bio-shock tubes can approximately simulate typical explosive wave produced by nuclear or charge explosion, and inflict various degrees of blast injury characterized by stability and reproducibility. Therefore, they can meet the needs of blast research on large and small animals. (+info)Effect of type and transfer of conventional weapons on civilian injuries: retrospective analysis of prospective data from Red Cross hospitals. (2/205)
OBJECTIVE: To examine the link between different weapons used in modern wars and their potential to injury civilians. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data about hospital admissions. SETTING: Hospitals of the International Committee of the Red Cross. SUBJECTS: 18 877 people wounded by bullets, fragmentation munitions, or mines. Of these, 2012 had been admitted to the hospital in Kabul within six hours of injury. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age and sex of wounded people according to cause of injury and whether they were civilians (women and girls, boys under 16 years old, or men of 50 or more). RESULTS: 18.7% of those injured by bullets, 34.1% of those injured by fragments, and 30.8% of those injured by mines were civilians. Of those admitted to the Red Cross hospital in Kabul within six hours of injury, 39.1% of those injured by bullets, 60.6% of those injured by fragments, and 55.0% of those injured by mines were civilians. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of civilians injured differs between weapon systems. The higher proportion injured by fragments and mines is explicable in terms of the military efficiency of weapons, the distance between user and victim, and the effect that the kind of weapon has on the psychology of the user. (+info)Circumstances around weapon injury in Cambodia after departure of a peacekeeping force: prospective cohort study. (3/205)
OBJECTIVE: To examine the circumstances surrounding weapon injury and combatant status of those injured by weapons. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Northwestern Cambodia after departure of United Nations peacekeeping force. SUBJECTS: 863 people admitted to hospital for weapon injuries over 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Annual incidence of weapon injury by time period; proportions of injuries inflicted as a result of interfactional combat (combat injuries) and outside such combat (non-combat injuries) by combatant status and weapon type. RESULTS: The annual incidence of weapon injuries was higher than the rate observed before the peacekeeping operation. 30% of weapon injuries occurred in contexts other than interfactional combat. Most commonly these were firearm injuries inflicted intentionally on civilians. Civilians accounted for 71% of those with non-combat injuries, 42% of those with combat related injuries, and 51% of those with weapon injuries of either type. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of weapon injuries remained high when the disarmament component of a peacekeeping operation achieved only limited success. Furthermore, injuries occurring outside the context of interfactional combat accounted for a substantial proportion of all weapon injuries, were experienced disproportionately by civilians, and were most likely to entail the intentional use of a firearm against a civilian. (+info)Prevention of skin and soft tissue entrapment in tibial segment transportation. (4/205)
We report of a ten year old patient with soft tissue damage and bone defect of the tibia as a sequel of osteomyelitis. After excision and stabilization with an Ilizarov fixateur segment transportation was started. In order to avoid skin and soft tissue entrapment in the docking region, we used a metal cage as a space provider, which was shortened as segment transportation progressed. To our knowledge this simple method has not been described so far. (+info)Mine blast injuries: ocular and social aspects. (5/205)
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Landmines have long been used in conventional warfare. These are antipersonnel mines which continue to injure people long after a ceasefire without differentiating between friend or foe, soldier or civilian, women or children. This study focuses on Afghan non-combatants engaged in mine clearing operations in Afghanistan in the aftermath of the Russo-Afghan war. The patterns and types of injuries seen are described and experiences in their management, ways, and means to prevent them, and recommendations for the rehabilitation of the affected individuals are given. METHODS: It is a retrospective and analytical study of 84 patients aged 19-56 years who sustained mine blast injuries during mine clearing operations in Afghanistan from November 1992 to January 1996. The study was carried out at a military hospital with tertiary care facilities. The patients were divided into three groups on the basis of their injuries. Group 1 required only general surgical attention, group 2 sustained only ocular injuries, while group 3 had combined ocular and general injuries. Patients in groups 2 and 3 were treated in two phases. The first phase aimed at immediate restoration of the anatomy, while restoration of function wherever possible was done in subsequent surgical procedures in the second phase. RESULTS: It was observed that 51 out of 84 patients (60.7%) had sustained ocular trauma of a variable degree as a result of the blasts. The mean age of the victims was 29 years and they were all male. A total of 91 eyes of 51 patients (89.2%) had been damaged. Bilaterality of damage was seen in 40 (78.4%) patients. Most, 34 (37.3%), eyes became totally blind (NPL). Only a few escaped with injury mild enough not to impair vision. Foreign bodies, small and multiple, were found in the majority of eyes; most, however, were found in the anterior segment, and posterior segment injuries were proportionally less. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of blindness caused by mine blast injuries is quite high. The resulting psychosocial trauma to the patients and their families is tremendous and has not been adequately highlighted. These injuries are a great drain on the country's resources. Enforcement of preventive measures and the use of protective gear and sophisticated equipment by the mine clearing personnel would prove to be far more economical in terms of human life as well as medical and economic resources. There is also need for greater attention towards the establishment of support groups and rehabilitation programmes for these individuals. (+info)Injuries from fireworks in the United States. (6/205)
Fireworks traditionally are used in the United States to celebrate Independence Day on July 4th. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) estimates that 8500 persons in the United States are treated in emergency departments each year for fireworks-related injuries (1). Of all fireworks-related injuries, 70%-75% occur during a 30-day period that surrounds the July 4th holiday (June 23-July 23) (2). Seven of every 100 persons injured by fireworks are hospitalized, approximately 40% of those injured are children aged < or = 14 years, and males are injured three times more often than females (1). The injury rate is highest among boys aged 10-14 years (3). Most commonly, injuries from fireworks affect the hands (34%), face (12%), and eyes (17%) (4). Injuries are more frequent and more severe among persons who are active participants than among bystanders (3). (+info)High rate of candidemia in patients sustaining injuries in a bomb blast at a marketplace: a possible environmental source. (7/205)
In this study, a cluster of candidemia among patients sustaining injuries in a bomb blast at a marketplace was investigated by means of a multivariate analysis, a case-control study, and quantitative air sampling. Candidemia occurred in 7 (30%) of 21 patients (58% of those admitted to the intensive care unit [ICU]) between 4 and 16 days (mean, 12 days) after the injury and was the single most frequent cause of bloodstream infections. Inhalation injury was the strongest predictor for candidemia by multivariate analysis. Candidemia among the case patients occurred at a significantly higher rate than among comparable trauma patients injured in different urban settings, including a pedestrian mall (2 of 29; P=. 02), and among contemporary ICU control patients (1 of 40; P=.001). Air sampling revealed exclusive detection of Candida species and increased mold concentration in the market in comparison with the mall environment. These findings suggest a role for an exogenous, environmental source in the development of candidemia in some trauma patients. (+info)Effect of epidermal growth factor and dexamethasone on explosive deafness. (8/205)
OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on cochlear hair cells of normal and explosion-stricken guinea pigs and the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and dexamethasone (DXM) treatment for blast hearing loss. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique and auditory brainstem response (ABR) test were used. RESULTS: Scattered expression of EGFR was seen in inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs) in normal guinea pigs. Segmentally distributing positive reaction was also located in stereocilia of hair cells. Distribution of EGFR reaction was seen in the cytoplasm of IHC 24 hours after exposure to blasts, and in the stereocilia of IHC and the cuticular plate of OHC 72 hours postexposure. At one week EGFR reaction in hair cells increased obviously and part of OHC stereocilia also showed positive reaction. EGFR reaction reduced at two weeks, though positive reaction could still be found in the stereocilia of hair cells at one month. Combination of EGF and DXM administrations promoted hearing recovery significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The healing of injured hair cells may be related to EGF. (+info)There are two main types of blast injuries: primary and secondary. Primary blast injuries are caused directly by the explosion and include injuries from shrapnel, fragmentation, and overpressure. Secondary blast injuries are caused by the blast wave and include injuries from flying debris, collapse of structures, and crush injuries.
The symptoms of blast injuries can vary depending on the type and severity of the injury. Common symptoms include:
* Loss of hearing or vision
* Dizziness or disorientation
* Headache or ringing in the ears
* Bruising or lacerations from flying debris
* Internal bleeding or organ damage
* Fractures or other skeletal injuries
The diagnosis of blast injuries is typically made based on a combination of physical examination, medical imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Treatment of blast injuries may involve a multidisciplinary approach, including emergency medicine, surgery, critical care, and rehabilitation.
Some of the complications of blast injuries include:
* Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
* Extremity injuries, such as amputations or fractures
* Internal organ damage or failure
* Respiratory problems, such as pulmonary contusions or pneumonia
* Psychological trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Prevention of blast injuries is challenging, but some measures that can be taken include:
* Increasing awareness of the risks associated with explosives and improving emergency preparedness
* Developing and implementing safety protocols for handling explosive materials
* Improving the design of protective equipment and structures to mitigate the effects of blast waves.
Overall, blast injuries can have a significant impact on individuals, communities, and societies as a whole. It is important to improve our understanding of these injuries and to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies to reduce their impact.
Multiple trauma can involve various types of injuries, including:
1. Blunt trauma: This refers to injuries caused by a blow or impact, such as those sustained in a car accident or fall.
2. Penetrating trauma: This refers to injuries caused by a sharp object, such as a gunshot wound or stab wound.
3. Burns: This refers to injuries caused by heat or chemicals that can cause tissue damage and scarring.
4. Neurological trauma: This refers to injuries affecting the brain and spinal cord, such as concussions or herniated discs.
5. Orthopedic trauma: This refers to injuries affecting the musculoskeletal system, such as fractures or dislocations.
6. Soft tissue trauma: This refers to injuries affecting the skin, muscles, and other soft tissues, such as lacerations or contusions.
7. Visceral trauma: This refers to injuries affecting the internal organs, such as internal bleeding or organ damage.
The severity of multiple trauma can vary widely, ranging from mild to life-threatening. In some cases, multiple trauma may be caused by a single incident, while in other cases, it may result from a series of events over time.
Treatment for multiple trauma typically involves a comprehensive approach that addresses all of the injuries and takes into account the patient's overall health and well-being. This may include surgery, medication, physical therapy, and other forms of rehabilitation. In severe cases, multiple trauma can result in long-term disability or even death, making prompt and appropriate treatment essential for optimal outcomes.
There are several different types of brain injuries that can occur, including:
1. Concussions: A concussion is a type of mild traumatic brain injury that occurs when the brain is jolted or shaken, often due to a blow to the head.
2. Contusions: A contusion is a bruise on the brain that can occur when the brain is struck by an object, such as during a car accident.
3. Coup-contrecoup injuries: This type of injury occurs when the brain is injured as a result of the force of the body striking another object, such as during a fall.
4. Penetrating injuries: A penetrating injury occurs when an object pierces the brain, such as during a gunshot wound or stab injury.
5. Blast injuries: This type of injury occurs when the brain is exposed to a sudden and explosive force, such as during a bombing.
The symptoms of brain injuries can vary depending on the severity of the injury and the location of the damage in the brain. Some common symptoms include:
* Headaches
* Dizziness or loss of balance
* Confusion or disorientation
* Memory loss or difficulty with concentration
* Slurred speech or difficulty with communication
* Vision problems, such as blurred vision or double vision
* Sleep disturbances
* Mood changes, such as irritability or depression
* Personality changes
* Difficulty with coordination and balance
In some cases, brain injuries can be treated with medication, physical therapy, and other forms of rehabilitation. However, in more severe cases, the damage may be permanent and long-lasting. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if symptoms persist or worsen over time.
1. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): This is a severe and life-threatening condition that occurs when the lungs become inflamed and fill with fluid, making it difficult to breathe.
2. Pneumonia: This is an infection of the lungs that can cause inflammation and damage to the air sacs and lung tissue.
3. Aspiration pneumonitis: This occurs when food, liquid, or other foreign substances are inhaled into the lungs, causing inflammation and damage.
4. Chemical pneumonitis: This is caused by exposure to harmful chemicals or toxins that can damage the lungs and cause inflammation.
5. Radiation pneumonitis: This occurs when the lungs are exposed to high levels of radiation, causing damage and inflammation.
6. Lung fibrosis: This is a chronic condition in which the lungs become scarred and stiff, making it difficult to breathe.
7. Pulmonary embolism: This occurs when a blood clot forms in the lungs, blocking the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart and other organs.
Symptoms of lung injury can include:
* Shortness of breath
* Chest pain or tightness
* Coughing up blood or pus
* Fever
* Confusion or disorientation
Treatment for lung injury depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition, and may include oxygen therapy, medications to reduce inflammation, antibiotics for infections, and mechanical ventilation in severe cases. In some cases, lung injury can be a life-threatening condition and may require hospitalization and intensive care.
Acute wounds and injuries are those that occur suddenly and heal within a relatively short period of time, usually within a few days or weeks. Examples of acute wounds include cuts, scrapes, and burns. Chronic wounds and injuries, on the other hand, are those that persist over a longer period of time and may not heal properly, leading to long-term complications. Examples of chronic wounds include diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers, and chronic back pain.
Wounds and injuries can be caused by a variety of factors, including accidents, sports injuries, violence, and medical conditions such as diabetes or circulatory problems. Treatment for wounds and injuries depends on the severity of the injury and may include cleaning and dressing the wound, applying antibiotics, immobilizing broken bones, and providing pain management. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged tissues or restore function.
Preventive measures for wounds and injuries include wearing appropriate protective gear during activities such as sports or work, following safety protocols to avoid accidents, maintaining proper hygiene and nutrition to prevent infection, and seeking medical attention promptly if an injury occurs.
Overall, wounds and injuries can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life, and it is important to seek medical attention promptly if symptoms persist or worsen over time. Proper treatment and management of wounds and injuries can help to promote healing, reduce the risk of complications, and improve long-term outcomes.
Example Sentences:
1. The star quarterback suffered a serious athletic injury during last night's game and is out for the season.
2. The athlete underwent surgery to repair a torn ACL, one of the most common athletic injuries in high-impact sports.
3. The coach emphasized the importance of proper technique to prevent athletic injuries among his team members.
4. After suffering a minor sprain, the runner was advised to follow the RICE method to recover and return to competition as soon as possible.
There are several different types of spinal cord injuries that can occur, depending on the location and severity of the damage. These include:
1. Complete spinal cord injuries: In these cases, the spinal cord is completely severed, resulting in a loss of all sensation and function below the level of the injury.
2. Incomplete spinal cord injuries: In these cases, the spinal cord is only partially damaged, resulting in some remaining sensation and function below the level of the injury.
3. Brown-Sequard syndrome: This is a specific type of incomplete spinal cord injury that affects one side of the spinal cord, resulting in weakness or paralysis on one side of the body.
4. Conus medullaris syndrome: This is a type of incomplete spinal cord injury that affects the lower part of the spinal cord, resulting in weakness or paralysis in the legs and bladder dysfunction.
The symptoms of spinal cord injuries can vary depending on the location and severity of the injury. They may include:
* Loss of sensation in the arms, legs, or other parts of the body
* Weakness or paralysis in the arms, legs, or other parts of the body
* Difficulty walking or standing
* Difficulty with bowel and bladder function
* Numbness or tingling sensations
* Pain or pressure in the neck or back
Treatment for spinal cord injuries typically involves a combination of medical and rehabilitative therapies. Medical treatments may include:
* Immobilization of the spine to prevent further injury
* Medications to manage pain and inflammation
* Surgery to relieve compression or stabilize the spine
Rehabilitative therapies may include:
* Physical therapy to improve strength and mobility
* Occupational therapy to learn new ways of performing daily activities
* Speech therapy to improve communication skills
* Psychological counseling to cope with the emotional effects of the injury.
Overall, the prognosis for spinal cord injuries depends on the severity and location of the injury, as well as the age and overall health of the individual. While some individuals may experience significant recovery, others may experience long-term or permanent impairment. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if symptoms of a spinal cord injury are present.
First-degree burns are the mildest form of burn and affect only the outer layer of the skin. They are characterized by redness, swelling, and pain but do not blister or scar. Examples of first-degree burns include sunburns and minor scalds from hot liquids.
Second-degree burns are more severe and affect both the outer and inner layers of the skin. They can cause blisters, redness, swelling, and pain, and may lead to infection. Second-degree burns can be further classified into two subtypes: partial thickness burns (where the skin is damaged but not completely destroyed) and full thickness burns (where the skin is completely destroyed).
Third-degree burns are the most severe and affect all layers of the skin and underlying tissues. They can cause charring of the skin, loss of function, and may lead to infection or even death.
There are several ways to treat burns, including:
1. Cooling the burn with cool water or a cold compress to reduce heat and prevent further damage.
2. Keeping the burn clean and dry to prevent infection.
3. Applying topical creams or ointments to help soothe and heal the burn.
4. Taking pain medication to manage discomfort.
5. In severe cases, undergoing surgery to remove damaged tissue and promote healing.
Prevention is key when it comes to burns. Some ways to prevent burns include:
1. Being cautious when handling hot objects or substances.
2. Keeping a safe distance from open flames or sparks.
3. Wearing protective clothing, such as gloves and long sleeves, when working with hot materials.
4. Keeping children away from hot surfaces and substances.
5. Installing smoke detectors and fire extinguishers in the home to reduce the risk of fires.
Overall, burns can be a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatments for burns, individuals can take steps to prevent them and seek help if they do occur.
There are several theories about the causes of hot flashes, including hormonal changes, neurotransmitter imbalances, and blood vessel dilation. Some risk factors for hot flashes include age, family history, and certain medical conditions such as hypertension and diabetes.
Treatment options for hot flashes include hormone therapy, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and non-hormonal medications such as clonidine and gabapentin. Lifestyle modifications such as dressing in layers, using a fan, and avoiding triggers like spicy foods and alcohol can also help manage hot flashes.
In conclusion, hot flashes are a common symptom of menopause that can have a significant impact on quality of life. While their exact cause is still not fully understood, there are several effective treatment options available to manage their frequency and severity. By understanding the causes and risk factors for hot flashes, women can work with their healthcare providers to find the best course of treatment for their individual needs.
Blast injury
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Traumatic15
- Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injuries: Experience from the Deadliest Double Suicide Bombing Attack in Iraq. (medscape.com)
- Young adults are more likely to suffer blast injury and traumatic brain injury (TBI) than other age groups. (nih.gov)
- A study funded by the National Institutes of Health found that biomarkers present in the blood on the day of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) can accurately predict a patient’s risk of death or severe disability six months later. (nih.gov)
- This project aims to develop targted intranasally delivered, magnetically propulsed, and targted nanoparticles for traumatic brain injury (TBI). (sbir.gov)
- More than 400,000 Service members have been diagnosed with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) over the past 20 years ( DVBIC, 2020 ), and that number includes only those who reported their injuries. (health.mil)
- These include posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and, in certain cases, traumatic brain injury (TBI), growth hormone deficiency, and persistent postconcussive symptoms including headaches. (medscape.com)
- What is traumatic brain injury (TBI)? (nih.gov)
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a sudden injury that causes damage to the brain. (nih.gov)
- What causes traumatic brain injury (TBI)? (nih.gov)
- Who is at risk for traumatic brain injury (TBI)? (nih.gov)
- What are the symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI)? (nih.gov)
- How is traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnosed? (nih.gov)
- What are the treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI)? (nih.gov)
- The most complex and challenging injury pattern is the emerging frequency of high-energy IED casualties presenting in extremis with traumatic bilateral lower extremity amputations with and without pelvic and perineal blast involvement. (jsoaonline.com)
- In rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs), blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) causes deficits in some electrophysiological measures, like long term potentiation, a neuronal correlate for learning and memory. (nih.gov)
Explosions4
- There was a statistically significant associations between the degree of tympanic membrane perforation and associated nonotological injuries and with the explosions if occurred in closed space. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- Explosions can produce unique patterns of neuromuscular injury. (aku.edu)
- Acute physical and psychological health outcomes in people who survive blast explosions can be devastating, but the long-term consequences are less clear, particularly for individuals who show no external signs of injury from exposure to blast waves or may not even be aware that they were exposed," Stephen L. Hauser, MD, chair of the Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, said in an IOM statement. (medscape.com)
- Several major patterns of injury resulting from IED explosions have emerged, from injuries caused by the blast wave itself to those caused by fragments of debris propelled by the explosion to subsequent illnesses from, for example, chemical substances released by a bomb. (medscape.com)
Trauma11
- How Common Are Civilian Blast Injuries in the National Trauma Databank, and What Are the Most Common Mechanisms and Characteristics of Associated Injuries? (medscape.com)
- Acute acoustic trauma is a clinical condition with immediate persistent hearing damage indicate injuries to the ear due to blast or impulse noise [ 2 ]. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- While blast injury of the ear designates the various effects of explosive forces on the auditory system which might be either Explosive (refers to otological trauma due to the detonation of explosives) or non-explosive blast injury to the ear (otological trauma caused by a blow (pressure) to the ear that seals the external auditory meatus, causing a shock wave to be transmitted along the auditory canal) [ 1 ]. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- Awareness of such injuries will lead to early identification of nerve trauma and the possibility of reduction in overall disability if treated appropriately soon after the injury. (aku.edu)
- Blast Injury: What You Need to Know is a course offered in Series 2 of Trauma University, presented at TCAA's 2018 Annual Conference. (traumacenters.org)
- The committee made several recommendations for research on how to prevent and better diagnose blast injuries and how to treat, rehabilitate, and support victims of battlefield trauma in the immediate aftermath and in the long term. (medscape.com)
- If you have a head injury or other trauma that may have caused a TBI, you need to get medical care as soon as possible. (nih.gov)
- The magnitude of recent combat blast injuries sustained by forces fighting in Afghanistan has escalated to new levels with more troops surviving higher-energy trauma. (jsoaonline.com)
- These patients require a coordinated effort of advanced trauma and surgical care from the point of injury through definitive management. (jsoaonline.com)
- Investigation of the effect of dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on trauma-induced white matter injury with quantitative diffusion MRI in mice. (nih.gov)
- The application must propose a collaborative research training program that will strengthen the capacity of institutions in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC), defined by the World Bank classification system , to conduct human trauma and injury research. (nih.gov)
Exposure11
- Harrison CD, Bebarta VS, Grant GA. Tympanic membrane perforation after combat blast exposure in Iraq: a poor biomarker of primary blast injury. (medscape.com)
- The reduced exposure time during these tasks reduces the risk of ground fall injury. (cdc.gov)
- This article reviews the literature on the vestibular consequences of blast exposure and TBI and concussion. (nih.gov)
- In addition, the vestibular test findings obtained from 31 veterans with a history of blast exposure and/or mild TBI are presented. (nih.gov)
- Preliminary data suggest the novel theory that otolith organs are uniquely vulnerable to head injury and blast exposure. (nih.gov)
- The committee found sufficient evidence of a causal relationship between penetrating eye injuries resulting from exposure to blast and permanent blindness and visual impairment, as well as long-term effects on the genitourinary system, such as hypogonadism, infertility, voiding dysfunction, and erectile dysfunction associated with severe injury. (medscape.com)
- The association may be related to direct experience of blast or to indirect exposure, such as witnessing the aftermath of a blast or being part of a community affected by a blast," the committee notes in the report. (medscape.com)
- The committee found some evidence that exposure to blasts can cause long-term hearing damage and muscle or bone impairment. (medscape.com)
- As the committee evaluated the available evidence on health effects of exposure to blast, it identified a number of gaps in the evidence base. (medscape.com)
- Ocular exposure to these agents may cause incapacitating injury to the cornea and conjunctiva. (cdc.gov)
- Exposure to nitrogen mustard vapor can cause injury to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes at low concentrations. (cdc.gov)
Specialty1
- Conventional warfare : ballistic, blast, and burn injuries / specialty editors: Ronald F. Bellamy, Russ Zajtchuk. (who.int)
Prevention1
- In 2006, Congress directed the DOD to establish an Executive Agent (EA) for Medical Research for Prevention, Mitigation, and Treatment of Blast Injuries, and included brain health research responsibilities as part of the EA's mandate ( Public Law 109-163, Section 256 ). (health.mil)
Explosion5
- Er S, Tahtabasi M. Thoracoabdominal injuries after a bomb explosion: blast injuries and their clinical effects. (medscape.com)
- Ashkenazi I, Olsha O, Turegano-Fuéntes F, Alfici R. Tympanic membrane perforation impact on severity of injury and resource use in victims of explosion. (medscape.com)
- DENVER - Two people sustained minor injuries after an explosion at a townhome complex in suburban Denver, Colorado on Wednesday afternoon local time. (newschannel5.com)
- A blast wave generated by an explosion starts with a single pulse of increased air pressure that lasting a few milliseconds. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- Triton Systems, Inc. proposes to develop a piezo-textile that can capture underwater explosion pressure wave patterns to ultimately establish and monitor for injury risk severity. (sbir.gov)
Epidemiology1
- The epidemiology of firework-related injuries in the United States: 2000-2010. (medscape.com)
Tympanic2
Morbidity2
- Pelvic injury patterns in blast: Morbidity and mortality. (medscape.com)
- Blast related otological injury constitute the main cause of morbidity as the ear is the most sensitive organ to explosive blast injury. (tinnitusjournal.com)
Victims1
- Spectrum of neuromuscular injuries in victims of bomb blasts" by Dureshahwar Kanwar, Ambreen Iqrar et al. (aku.edu)
Severity1
- The treatments for TBI depend on many factors, including the size, severity, and location of the brain injury. (nih.gov)
Bomb1
- Bomb blast (BB) injuries outside war zones were a rare phenomenon until recently. (aku.edu)
Fragment1
- Shuker ST. Emergency Treatment of Blast, Shell Fragment and Bullet Injuries to the Central Midface Complex. (medscape.com)
Bombs1
- Recent events in London have renewed interest in the sort of injuries that result from car bombs. (cdc.gov)
20224
- The Bucks saw their chance to win back-to-back NBA championships crumble when they lost small forward Khris Middleton to a knee injury in the first round of the 2022 NBA playoffs. (casino.org)
- Today's Match Prediction of SCK vs SLS Dream11 Fantasy Cricket, Trinidad T10 Blast 2022. (crickbee.com)
- Soca King is set to take on SLS in Dream11 Trinidad T10 Blast on Wednesday, 22 June 2022 at 21:30 PM IST. (crickbee.com)
- Soca Kings will take on the Scarlet Ibis Scorchers in the 29th match of the Trinidad T10 Blast 2022, at the Brian Lara Stadium in Trinidad. (crickbee.com)
Shock3
- In general, a blast wave is characterized by a shock front, characterized by a sudden strong increase of the loading pressure up to the ultimate, from Phillips YY. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- When the energy from the blast shock wave is absorbed in the human body, it disrupts the natural state of the body at a basic or even molecular level, which can cause tissue damage not immediately apparent after the blast," the IOM statement notes. (medscape.com)
- Throughout training and deployment, some military service members are frequently exposed to shock waves due to blasts, and some complain of myriad neurological symptoms. (nih.gov)
Iraq3
- United States soldiers exposed to blasts while deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan face an increased risk for adverse health outcomes throughout their lifetimes, often not associated with immediate injuries, warns a report from the Institute of Medicine (IOM), released today. (medscape.com)
- Since the United States began combat operations in Afghanistan in October 2001, and then in Iraq in March 2003, more than 6700 US soldiers have been killed and more than 50,500 wounded, with blasts accounting for an estimated 75% of all US military casualties, the report notes. (medscape.com)
- The signature injury of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars is blast injury. (medscape.com)
Humans1
- Filling the data gaps is important for advancing the understanding of how blast affects humans in the short term and the long term," the report states. (medscape.com)
Symptoms4
- A prospective, descriptive study included forty-seven patients who were exposed to blast injuries within two weeks came to otolaryngology unit in Basrah Teaching Hospital complaining from otological symptoms from July 2017 tell January 2019. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- An initial evaluation was done in the 1st visit included a detailed history and examination to evaluate the symptoms and assess the associated non-otological injury. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- Sufficient evidence also exists for endocrine dysfunction in cases of serve or moderate blast-related TBI and for postconcussive symptoms and persistent headache in mild blast TBI. (medscape.com)
- The symptoms of TBI depend on the type of injury and how serious the brain damage is. (nih.gov)
Severe2
- Severe damage and injuries are rare. (nwahomepage.com)
- For moderate to severe TBI , the first thing health care providers will do is stabilize you to prevent further injury. (nih.gov)
Detonation2
- Blast waves propagate in the medium air spherically with strongly decreasing peak pressures by increasing the distance to the detonation source. (tinnitusjournal.com)
- The duration, velocity and intensity of the blast wave depends on the type of explosive material and the distance from the point of detonation [ 2 , 3 ]. (tinnitusjournal.com)
Knee injury3
- The Giants remain optimistic that first baseman Brandon Belt, who is dealing with a knee injury, will be ready to play when the team reports to Oracle Park on April 8 to begin its season against the Marlins, but Belt has yet to participate in a Cactus League game. (mercurynews.com)
- The Milwaukee Bucks have discovered that big man Bobby Portis will miss multiple weeks with a right knee injury. (casino.org)
- If the Bucks expect to go deep in the postseason and take another run at the title, they'll need Portis to heal his knee injury by the time the playoffs begin. (casino.org)
Burns1
- Electricity can cause two types of burns: electrical burns from direct contact with current and thermal burns from arc flashes and blasts. (cdc.gov)
Consequences1
- With this latest report, the committee focused on health consequences experienced at least 6 months after a blast. (medscape.com)
Suffer1
- Did Carlos Tevez suffer a calf injury in a 20-minute match at a maximum security prison? (football365.com)
Hearing1
- Hearing loss may also result from the blast. (cdc.gov)
Primary4
- Research into the pathophysiology of primary blast injury (PBI) continues. (medscape.com)
- Although animal models suggest that bradycardia and hypotension observed in primary blast injury may be vagally mediated, it would be premature to recommend atropine at this time. (medscape.com)
- Smith JE, Garner J. Pathophysiology of primary blast injury. (medscape.com)
- Primary Blast Injuries. (tinnitusjournal.com)
Methods1
- With this design guidance, it will be easier for engineers to implement controlled blasting methods. (cdc.gov)
Workers2
Minor1
- Minor injuries were reported. (theepochtimes.com)
Recent2
- No recent data exists categorizing such injuries. (aku.edu)
- Although the tempo of combat operations has decreased in recent years, brain injuries are still frequently experienced in training and will continue to be a challenge in future conflicts. (health.mil)
Https1
- Available at https://blastinjuryresearch.amedd.army.mil/index.cfm/blast_injury_101 . (medscape.com)
Damage7
- To make available an easy-to-use software tool that includes improved blast damage models that mining engineers can use in developing improved blast designs. (cdc.gov)
- Controlled blasting reduces perimeter damage, and less perimeter damage means lowered risk of ground falls, especially during scaling and installing roof support. (cdc.gov)
- Poor blast designs, poor quality control, or the presence of unknown geologic structures can lead to excessive overbreak and even cause damage to adjacent ground that has already been supported. (cdc.gov)
- The project aim was to provide industry and mine research institutions with detailed information on perimeter-controlled blasting and blast damage models that support perimeter control design. (cdc.gov)
- The software is suitably called DRIFT and allows the user to input blast design parameters and visualize the damage extents in a specific design. (cdc.gov)
- Practical damage limit circles are drawn around each blast hole showing predicted damage extent based on a chosen blast damage model. (cdc.gov)
- There were no immediate reports of damage or injuries. (nwahomepage.com)
Research2
- US Department of Defense: Blast Injury Research Coordinating Office. (medscape.com)
- Your current Blast Injury Research Program session has expired. (health.mil)
Patients2
- Broad-spectrum prophylactic antibiotics should be considered for patients with open wounds from blasts. (medscape.com)
- Medical records and electrodiagnostic findings of 20 patients with BB related neuromuscular injuries (NMI) were reviewed retrospectively. (aku.edu)
Complex1
- The release of proinflammatory cytokines induces the expression of the CD11b receptor complex on the PMN surface, leading to adhesion at the site of injury. (medscape.com)
Extent2
- Rock blasting techniques in underground metal/nonmetal mines need to be optimized to minimize the extent of loose and/or damaged rock surrounding blasted openings. (cdc.gov)
- Despite the extent and complexity, these are survivable injuries but long-term followup is necessary. (jsoaonline.com)
Experience2
- Numerous US soldiers have returned home with devastating blast injuries and they continue to experience many challenges in readjusting to civilian life," the report notes. (medscape.com)
- 9. Blast injury of the ears: the experience from Yala Hospital, Southern Thailand. (nih.gov)
Head injury3
Effects2
- The purpose of this activity is to provide an overview of blast injuries, effects and treatment. (traumacenters.org)
- Dr. Hauser chaired the committee that wrote the report , "Gulf War and Health, Volume 9: Long-Term Effects of Blast Exposures. (medscape.com)
Time1
- A well-blasted drift requires less scaling time and less troublesome ground support installation. (cdc.gov)
Brain injury2
- In addition, blast injury to the lungs causes levels of inducible nitric oxygen synthase (iNOS) to increase in the brain, causing brain injury. (medscape.com)
- Martha Banks gave a workshop on victim services and domestic violence, which was sponsored by the Brain Injury Association of Wyoming. (nih.gov)
Support1
- Risk exists at the drift face where the miner is responsible for drilling, blasting, rock scaling, and installing roof support. (cdc.gov)