Acrylic acids or acrylates which are substituted in the C-2 position with a methyl group.
The methyl esters of methacrylic acid that polymerize easily and are used as tissue cements, dental materials, and absorbent for biological substances.
Organic compounds that include a cyclic ether with three ring atoms in their structure. They are commonly used as precursors for POLYMERS such as EPOXY RESINS.
Polymerized methyl methacrylate monomers which are used as sheets, moulding, extrusion powders, surface coating resins, emulsion polymers, fibers, inks, and films (From International Labor Organization, 1983). This material is also used in tooth implants, bone cements, and hard corneal contact lenses.
Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.
The methyl ester of methacrylic acid. It polymerizes easily to form POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE. It is used as a bone cement.
A biocompatible, hydrophilic, inert gel that is permeable to tissue fluids. It is used as an embedding medium for microscopy, as a coating for implants and prostheses, for contact lenses, as microspheres in adsorption research, etc.
Non-steroidal compounds with estrogenic activity.
Exogenous agents, synthetic and naturally occurring, which are capable of disrupting the functions of the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM including the maintenance of HOMEOSTASIS and the regulation of developmental processes. Endocrine disruptors are compounds that can mimic HORMONES, or enhance or block the binding of hormones to their receptors, or otherwise lead to activating or inhibiting the endocrine signaling pathways and hormone metabolism.
The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. It is used as a bond implant material and as the resin component of dental sealants and composite restorative materials.
Poly-2-methylpropenoic acids. Used in the manufacture of methacrylate resins and plastics in the form of pellets and granules, as absorbent for biological materials and as filters; also as biological membranes and as hydrogens. Synonyms: methylacrylate polymer; poly(methylacrylate); acrylic acid methyl ester polymer.
The testing of materials and devices, especially those used for PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; SUTURES; TISSUE ADHESIVES; etc., for hardness, strength, durability, safety, efficacy, and biocompatibility.
Materials used in the production of dental bases, restorations, impressions, prostheses, etc.
Chemical reaction in which monomeric components are combined to form POLYMERS (e.g., POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE).
The part of a denture that overlies the soft tissue and supports the supplied teeth and is supported in turn by abutment teeth or the residual alveolar ridge. It is usually made of resins or metal or their combination.
A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.
Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS).
Substances or energies, for example heat or light, which when introduced into the air, water, or land threaten life or health of individuals or ECOSYSTEMS.
Polymers of high molecular weight which at some stage are capable of being molded and then harden to form useful components.
The quality or state of being wettable or the degree to which something can be wet. This is also the ability of any solid surface to be wetted when in contact with a liquid whose surface tension is reduced so that the liquid spreads over the surface of the solid.
Characteristics or attributes of the outer boundaries of objects, including molecules.
Polymers where the main polymer chain comprises recurring amide groups. These compounds are generally formed from combinations of diamines, diacids, and amino acids and yield fibers, sheeting, or extruded forms used in textiles, gels, filters, sutures, contact lenses, and other biomaterials.
A group of compounds that has the general structure of a dicarboxylic acid-substituted benzene ring. The ortho-isomer is used in dye manufacture. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Substances that cause the adherence of two surfaces. They include glues (properly collagen-derived adhesives), mucilages, sticky pastes, gums, resins, or latex.
Synthetic resins, containing an inert filler, that are widely used in dentistry.
The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.
Synthetic or natural materials, other than DRUGS, that are used to replace or repair any body TISSUES or bodily function.
Silicon polymers that contain alternate silicon and oxygen atoms in linear or cyclic molecular structures.
Compounds similar to hydrocarbons in which a tetravalent silicon atom replaces the carbon atom. They are very reactive, ignite in air, and form useful derivatives.
Substances used to bond COMPOSITE RESINS to DENTAL ENAMEL and DENTIN. These bonding or luting agents are used in restorative dentistry, ROOT CANAL THERAPY; PROSTHODONTICS; and ORTHODONTICS.
The quality or state of being able to be bent or creased repeatedly. (From Webster, 3d ed)
The properties and processes of materials that affect their behavior under force.
Exposure of the female parent, human or animal, to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals that may affect offspring. It includes pre-conception maternal exposure.
Water-soluble low-molecular-weight polymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid that form solid, insoluble products when mixed with specially prepared ZnO powder. The resulting cement adheres to dental enamel and is also used as a luting agent.
A group of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers containing polyisocyanate. They are used as ELASTOMERS, as coatings, as fibers and as foams.
The technique of placing cells or tissue in a supporting medium so that thin sections can be cut using a microtome. The medium can be paraffin wax (PARAFFIN EMBEDDING) or plastics (PLASTIC EMBEDDING) such as epoxy resins.
Air pollutants found in the work area. They are usually produced by the specific nature of the occupation.
Water swollen, rigid, 3-dimensional network of cross-linked, hydrophilic macromolecules, 20-95% water. They are used in paints, printing inks, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
The infiltrating of histological specimens with plastics, including acrylic resins, epoxy resins and polyethylene glycol, for support of the tissues in preparation for sectioning with a microtome.
Glycosides of GLUCURONIC ACID formed by the reaction of URIDINE DIPHOSPHATE GLUCURONIC ACID with certain endogenous and exogenous substances. Their formation is important for the detoxification of drugs, steroid excretion and BILIRUBIN metabolism to a more water-soluble compound that can be eliminated in the URINE and BILE.
Cements that act through infiltration and polymerization within the dentinal matrix and are used for dental restoration. They can be adhesive resins themselves, adhesion-promoting monomers, or polymerization initiators that act in concert with other agents to form a dentin-bonding system.
The description and measurement of the various factors that produce physical stress upon dental restorations, prostheses, or appliances, materials associated with them, or the natural oral structures.
Individuals responsible for fabrication of dental appliances.
An adhesion procedure for orthodontic attachments, such as plastic DENTAL CROWNS. This process usually includes the application of an adhesive material (DENTAL CEMENTS) and letting it harden in-place by light or chemical curing.
The mechanical property of material that determines its resistance to force. HARDNESS TESTS measure this property.
The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.
Chemical compound used to initiate polymerization of dental resins by the use of DENTAL CURING LIGHTS. It absorbs UV light and undergoes decomposition into free radicals that initiate polymerization process of the resins in the mix. Each photoinitiator has optimum emission spectrum and intensity for proper curing of dental materials.
Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)
The preparation and analysis of samples on miniaturized devices.
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)
The hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root, which is harder and denser than bone but softer than enamel, and is thus readily abraded when left unprotected. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)
Dental cements composed either of polymethyl methacrylate or dimethacrylate, produced by mixing an acrylic monomer liquid with acrylic polymers and mineral fillers. The cement is insoluble in water and is thus resistant to fluids in the mouth, but is also irritating to the dental pulp. It is used chiefly as a luting agent for fabricated and temporary restorations. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p159)
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
An inner coating, as of varnish or other protective substance, to cover the dental cavity wall. It is usually a resinous film-forming agent dissolved in a volatile solvent, or a suspension of calcium hydroxide in a solution of a synthetic resin. The lining seals the dentinal tubules and protects the pulp before a restoration is inserted. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982)
A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Technique whereby the weight of a sample can be followed over a period of time while its temperature is being changed (usually increased at a constant rate).
Alicyclic hydrocarbons in which three or more of the carbon atoms in each molecule are united in a ring structure and each of the ring carbon atoms is joined to two hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups. The simplest members are cyclopropane (C3H6), cyclobutane (C4H8), cyclohexane (C6H12), and derivatives of these such as methylcyclohexane (C6H11CH3). (From Sax, et al., Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)
The maximum compression a material can withstand without failure. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed, p427)
Material applied to the tissue side of a denture to provide a soft lining to the parts of a denture coming in contact with soft tissue. It cushions contact of the denture with the tissues.
The study of the energy of electrons ejected from matter by the photoelectric effect, i.e., as a direct result of absorption of energy from electromagnetic radiation. As the energies of the electrons are characteristic of a specific element, the measurement of the energy of these electrons is a technique used to determine the chemical composition of surfaces.
Occlusal wear of the surfaces of restorations and surface wear of dentures.
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
Containers, packaging, and packaging materials for processed and raw foods and beverages. It includes packaging intended to be used for storage and also used for preparation of foods such as microwave food containers versus COOKING AND EATING UTENSILS. Packaging materials may be intended for food contact or designated non-contact, for example, shipping containers. FOOD LABELING is also available.
The maximum stress a material subjected to a stretching load can withstand without tearing. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed, p2001)
Numerical expression indicating the measure of stiffness in a material. It is defined by the ratio of stress in a unit area of substance to the resulting deformation (strain). This allows the behavior of a material under load (such as bone) to be calculated.
A network of cross-linked hydrophilic macromolecules used in biomedical applications.
Polymeric resins derived from OXIRANES and characterized by strength and thermosetting properties. Epoxy resins are often used as dental materials.
Polymerized forms of styrene used as a biocompatible material, especially in dentistry. They are thermoplastic and are used as insulators, for injection molding and casting, as sheets, plates, rods, rigid forms and beads.
Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS.
A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.
Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.
Colorless, odorless crystals that are used extensively in research laboratories for the preparation of polyacrylamide gels for electrophoresis and in organic synthesis, and polymerization. Some of its polymers are used in sewage and wastewater treatment, permanent press fabrics, and as soil conditioning agents.
The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.
Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water.
The hardening or polymerization of bonding agents (DENTAL CEMENTS) via exposure to light.
The 17-beta-isomer of estradiol, an aromatized C18 steroid with hydroxyl group at 3-beta- and 17-beta-position. Estradiol-17-beta is the most potent form of mammalian estrogenic steroids.
Inorganic compounds that contain fluorine as an integral part of the molecule.
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria characterized by an outer membrane that contains glycosphingolipids but lacks lipopolysaccharide. They have the ability to degrade a broad range of substituted aromatic compounds.
The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.
The susceptibility of the DENTIN to dissolution.
One of the ESTROGEN RECEPTORS that has marked affinity for ESTRADIOL. Its expression and function differs from, and in some ways opposes, ESTROGEN RECEPTOR BETA.
The system of glands that release their secretions (hormones) directly into the circulatory system. In addition to the ENDOCRINE GLANDS, included are the CHROMAFFIN SYSTEM and the NEUROSECRETORY SYSTEMS.
Hard, amorphous, brittle, inorganic, usually transparent, polymerous silicate of basic oxides, usually potassium or sodium. It is used in the form of hard sheets, vessels, tubing, fibers, ceramics, beads, etc.
One of the ESTROGEN RECEPTORS that has greater affinity for ISOFLAVONES than ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ALPHA does. There is great sequence homology with ER alpha in the DNA-binding domain but not in the ligand binding and hinge domains.
Technique by which phase transitions of chemical reactions can be followed by observation of the heat absorbed or liberated.
Nanometer-scale composite structures composed of organic molecules intimately incorporated with inorganic molecules. (Glossary of Biotechnology and Nanobiotechology Terms, 4th ed)
The use of a treatment material (tissue conditioner) to re-establish tone and health to irritated oral soft tissue, usually applied to the edentulous alveolar ridge.
A diphenyl ether derivative used in cosmetics and toilet soaps as an antiseptic. It has some bacteriostatic and fungistatic action.
The degree of approximation or fit of filling material or dental prosthetic to the tooth surface. A close marginal adaptation and seal at the interface is important for successful dental restorations.
The absence of both hearing and vision.
Methods of preparing tissue for examination and study of the origin, structure, function, or pathology.
Artificial substitutes for body parts and materials inserted into organisms during experimental studies.
Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers.
A property of the surface of an object that makes it stick to another surface.
Process by which unwanted microbial, plant or animal materials or organisms accumulate on man-made surfaces.
Exchange of substances between the maternal blood and the fetal blood at the PLACENTA via PLACENTAL CIRCULATION. The placental barrier excludes microbial or viral transmission.
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS containing three methyl groups, having the general formula of (CH3)3N+R.
Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estrogens and migrate to the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. Evaluation of the state of estrogen receptors in breast cancer patients has become clinically important.
Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow. Plastic usually refers to the final product with fillers, plasticizers, pigments, and stabilizers included (versus the resin, the homogeneous polymeric starting material). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Methods utilizing the principles of MICROFLUIDICS for sample handling, reagent mixing, and separation and detection of specific components in fluids.
Adhesives used to fix prosthetic devices to bones and to cement bone to bone in difficult fractures. Synthetic resins are commonly used as cements. A mixture of monocalcium phosphate, monohydrate, alpha-tricalcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate with a sodium phosphate solution is also a useful bone paste.
A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria commensal in the respiratory tract.
The temperature at which a substance changes from one state or conformation of matter to another.
Methods of preparing cells or tissues for examination and study of their origin, structure, function, or pathology. The methods include preservation, fixation, sectioning, staining, replica, or other technique to allow for viewing using a microscope.
A spectroscopic technique in which a range of wavelengths is presented simultaneously with an interferometer and the spectrum is mathematically derived from the pattern thus obtained.
Silver. An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.
A plant genus of the family PORTULACACEAE.
Artificial implanted lenses.
Oral tissue surrounding and attached to TEETH.
Devices used to generate extra soft tissue in vivo to be used in surgical reconstructions. They exert stretching forces on the tissue and thus stimulate new growth and result in TISSUE EXPANSION. They are commonly inflatable reservoirs, usually made of silicone, which are implanted under the tissue and gradually inflated. Other tissue expanders exert stretching forces by attaching to outside of the body, for example, vacuum tissue expanders. Once the tissue has grown, the expander is removed and the expanded tissue is used to cover the area being reconstructed.
The hollow thick-walled muscular organ in the female PELVIS. It consists of the fundus (the body) which is the site of EMBRYO IMPLANTATION and FETAL DEVELOPMENT. Beyond the isthmus at the perineal end of fundus, is CERVIX UTERI (the neck) opening into VAGINA. Beyond the isthmi at the upper abdominal end of fundus, are the FALLOPIAN TUBES.
Condition of having pores or open spaces. This often refers to bones, bone implants, or bone cements, but can refer to the porous state of any solid substance.
Materials incorporated mechanically in plastics (usually PVC) to increase flexibility, workability or distensibility; due to the non-chemical inclusion, plasticizers leach out from the plastic and are found in body fluids and the general environment.
Procedures carried out with regard to the teeth or tooth structures preparatory to specified dental therapeutic and surgical measures.
The external and internal organs related to reproduction.
A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.
An ester of phthalic acid. It appears as a light-colored, odorless liquid and is used as a plasticizer for many resins and elastomers.
Inorganic or organic compounds that contain boron as an integral part of the molecule.
A solution used for irrigating the mouth in xerostomia and as a substitute for saliva.
Polymers of organic acids and alcohols, with ester linkages--usually polyethylene terephthalate; can be cured into hard plastic, films or tapes, or fibers which can be woven into fabrics, meshes or velours.
Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.
A fabricated tooth substituting for a natural tooth in a prosthesis. It is usually made of porcelain or plastic.
An ester of TESTOSTERONE with a propionate substitution at the 17-beta position.
Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers.
Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements.
Silicone polymers which consist of silicon atoms substituted with methyl groups and linked by oxygen atoms. They comprise a series of biocompatible materials used as liquids, gels or solids; as film for artificial membranes, gels for implants, and liquids for drug vehicles; and as antifoaming agents.
The study of fluid channels and chambers of tiny dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers and volumes of nanoliters or picoliters. This is of interest in biological MICROCIRCULATION and used in MICROCHEMISTRY and INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES.
Agents that reduce the frequency or rate of spontaneous or induced mutations independently of the mechanism involved.
A member of the AGARICALES known for edible MUSHROOMS.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
An array of tests used to determine the toxicity of a substance to living systems. These include tests on clinical drugs, foods, and environmental pollutants.
A restoration designed to remain in service for not less than 20 to 30 years, usually made of gold casting, cohesive gold, or amalgam. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)
Preparation of TOOTH surfaces and DENTAL MATERIALS with etching agents, usually phosphoric acid, to roughen the surface to increase adhesion or osteointegration.
An insecticide. Methoxychlor has estrogenic effects in mammals, among other effects.
Manufacturing technology for making microscopic devices in the micrometer range (typically 1-100 micrometers), such as integrated circuits or MEMS. The process usually involves replication and parallel fabrication of hundreds or millions of identical structures using various thin film deposition techniques and carried out in environmentally-controlled clean rooms.
A product formed from skin, white connective tissue, or bone COLLAGEN. It is used as a protein food adjuvant, plasma substitute, hemostatic, suspending agent in pharmaceutical preparations, and in the manufacturing of capsules and suppositories.
Nanometer-sized particles that are nanoscale in three dimensions. They include nanocrystaline materials; NANOCAPSULES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; DENDRIMERS, and QUANTUM DOTS. The uses of nanoparticles include DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS and cancer targeting and imaging.
A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The common name of broom may be confused with Scotch Broom (CYTISUS) or Butcher's Broom (RUSCUS) or Desert Broom (BACCHARIS) or Spanish Broom (SPARTIUM) or Brome (BROMUS).
Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y-, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydrocarbyl groups. These are distinguished from IMINES which are RN=CR2.
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.
Biocompatible materials usually used in dental and bone implants that enhance biologic fixation, thereby increasing the bond strength between the coated material and bone, and minimize possible biological effects that may result from the implant itself.
The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth.
Substances used to clean dentures; they are usually alkaline peroxides or hypochlorites, may contain enzymes and release oxygen. Use also for sonic action cleaners.
Materials fabricated by BIOMIMETICS techniques, i.e., based on natural processes found in biological systems.
The resistance that a gaseous or liquid system offers to flow when it is subjected to shear stress. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
The total process by which organisms produce offspring. (Stedman, 25th ed)
A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.
Benzoic acids, salts, or esters that contain an amino group attached to carbon number 4 of the benzene ring structure.

In vitro comparison of the retention capacity of new aesthetic brackets. (1/354)

Tensile bond strength and bond failure location were evaluated in vitro for two types of aesthetic brackets (non-silanated ceramic, polycarbonate) and one stainless steel bracket, using bovine teeth as the substrate and diacrylate resin as the adhesive. The results show that metallic bracket had the highest bond strength (13.21 N) followed by the new plastic bracket (12.01 N), which does not require the use of a primer. The non-silanated ceramic bracket produced the lowest bond strength (8.88 N). Bond failures occurred mainly between bracket and cement, although a small percentage occurred between the enamel-cement interface with the metal and plastic brackets and within the cement for the plastic bracket. With the ceramic bracket all the failures occurred at the bracket-cement interface. This suggests that the problems of enamel lesions produced by this type of bracket may have been eliminated. The results also show that the enamel/adhesive bond is stronger than the adhesive/bracket bond in this in vitro study.  (+info)

The crystal growth technique--a laboratory evaluation of bond strengths. (2/354)

An ex vivo study was carried out to determine differences in the bond strengths achieved with brackets placed using a crystal growth technique compared with a conventional acid-etch technique. A solution of 37 per cent phosphoric acid was used for acid-etching and a commercially available polyacrylic acid gel, Crystal-lok for crystal growth. A heavily-filled composite resin was used for all samples to bond brackets to healthy premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes. Polycrystalline ceramic and stainless steel brackets were used and tested to both tensile and shear failure using an Instron Universal Testing machine. The tensile and shear bond strengths were recorded in kgF. In view of difficulties experienced with previous authors using different units to describe their findings, the data were subsequently converted to a range of units in order to facilitate direct comparison. The crystal growth technique produced significantly lower bond strengths than the acid-etch technique for ceramic and stainless steel brackets, both in tensile and shear mode. The tensile bond strength for stainless steel brackets with crystal growth was 2.2 kg compared with 6.01 kg for acid-etch, whilst with ceramic brackets the tensile bond strengths were 3.9 kg for crystal growth and 5.55 kg for acid-etch. The mean shear bond strength for stainless steel brackets with crystal growth was 12.61 kg compared with 21.55 kg for acid-etch, whilst with ceramic brackets the shear bond strengths were 7.93 kg with crystal growth compared with 16.55 kg for acid-tech. These bond strengths were below those previously suggested as clinically acceptable.  (+info)

Thermal image analysis of electrothermal debonding of ceramic brackets: an in vitro study. (3/354)

This study used modern thermal imaging techniques to investigate the temperature rise induced at the pulpal well during thermal debonding of ceramic brackets. Ceramic brackets were debonded from vertically sectioned premolar teeth using an electrothermal debonding unit. Ten teeth were debonded at the end of a single 3-second heating cycle. For a further group of 10 teeth, the bracket and heating element were left in contact with the tooth during the 3-second heating cycle and the 6-second cooling cycle. The average pulpal wall temperature increase for the teeth debonded at the end of the 3-second heating cycle was 16.8 degrees C. When the heating element and bracket remained in contact with the tooth during the 6-second cooling cycle an average temperature increase of 45.6 degrees C was recorded.  (+info)

An ex vivo investigation into the bond strength of orthodontic brackets and adhesive systems. (4/354)

The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of Adhesive Precoated Brackets (APC) with that of two types of uncoated bracket bases, Straight-Wire and Dyna-Lock. Two types of orthodontic adhesives were used, Transbond XT and Right-On. Three different curing times were evaluated with the APC brackets in order to find the best. Adhesive remnants on the enamel surface following debond were evaluated using the Adhesive Remnant Index (Artun and Bergland, 1984). Bond strengths ranged from 11.00 to 22.08 MPa. For both types of brackets Transbond produced a significant increase in bond strength compared to Right-On. The Dyna-Lock/Right-On combination produced the poorest results. APC brackets cured for 40 s had similar bond strengths to uncoated brackets fixed by means of Transbond. Overall, 79 per cent of specimens had less than half the tooth surface covered with adhesive following debond. Significantly more adhesive remained on tooth surfaces following debond of the Straight-Wire/Right-On group than any other bracket/adhesive combination. Bond strengths were higher with light-cured Transbond than with chemically-cured Right-On. When Transbond is used in association with APC brackets a 40-second cure time is recommended.  (+info)

Determination of bisphenol A and related aromatic compounds released from bis-GMA-based composites and sealants by high performance liquid chromatography. (5/354)

Most of the composites and sealants used in dentistry are based on bisphenol A diglycidylether methacrylate (Bis-GMA). Reports revealed that in situ polymerization is not complete and that free monomers can be detected by different analytic methods. Concerns about the estrogenicity of bisphenol A (BPA) and other aromatic components leached from commercial products have been expressed. We studied biphenolic components eluted from seven composites and one sealant before and after in vitro polymerization using HPLC and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and we investigated how pH modifications affect the leaching of these components. We found BPA (maximal amount 1.8 microg/mg dental material), its dimethacrylate derivative (Bis-DMA, 1.15 microg/mg), bisphenol A diglycidylether (6. 1 microg/mg), Bis-GMA (2.0 microg/mg), and ethoxylate and propoxylate of bisphenol A in media in which samples of different commercial products were maintained under controlled pH and temperature conditions. Our results confirm the leaching of estrogenic monomers into the environment by Bis-GMA-based composites and sealants in concentrations at which biologic effects have been demonstrated in in vivo experimental models. The main issue with implications for patient care and dentist responsibility is to further determine the clinical relevance of this estrogenic exposure.  (+info)

Effects of composite thickness on the shear bond strength to dentin. (6/354)

The manufacturers of some condensable posterior composites claim that their products can be placed in bulk and light-cured in 5-mm-thick increments. This study compared the shear bond strengths of three composite resins when bonded to dentin in 2- and 5-mm-thick increments. Overall the bond strengths were adversely affected by the composite thickness (p < 0.0001). The shear bond strength of each composite tested was much lower when polymerized in a 5-mm increment than in a 2-mm increment of composite (p < or = 0.0005). The two condensable composites tested had a lower bond strength than the conventional composite when polymerized in a 5-mm bulk increment (p < or = 0.01).  (+info)

Cytotoxicity of dental resin monomers in the presence of S9 mix enzymes. (7/354)

The purpose of the this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of dental resin monomers in the presence of a rat liver S9 mix containing cytochrome P 450 enzymes. JTC-12 cells derived from a monkey kidney were seeded on a 96-well multi-well-plate at 9 x 10(3) cells per well. After cultivation, the S9 mix was added to the wells as an S9 mix group (+S9), and PBS- was added to the other wells as a none-S9 mix group (-S9), then 7 different concentrations of various monomers were added to each well. All the specimens were cultured for another 24 hrs. The cell survival ratios (CSR) were calculated by using a neutral red cytotoxicity assay. CSR for 50 micrograms/mL of Bis-GMA/S9 mix was 92.6% while for none-S9 mix it was 6.6%. The values of CSR for UDMA, Bis-MPEPP, EGDMA, TEGDMA, DMAEM, 4-META and HEMA exhibited a reduction in cytotoxicity in the presence of the S9 mix. There were significant differences between +S9 and -S9 for respective monomers (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between +S9 and -S9 for MMA (p < 0.05).  (+info)

Analysis of major components contained in Bis-GMA monomer. (8/354)

The major components contained in commercial Bis-GMA monomer were isolated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and identified by NMR and high resolution mass spectroscopy. In addition to the two major components already known (Bis-GMA and Iso-bis-GMA), an unknown hydrophilic third major component was isolated and identified as 2,2-[4-(2-hydroxy-3- methacryloyloxy-1-propoxy)-4'-(2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxy)]dipheny lpropane. This compound was designated as BIS-GMA-H, because it has a structure of Bis-GMA with one of which methacrylic ester bond hydrolyzed.  (+info)

Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects can affect various aspects of the child's development, including:

1. Physical growth and development: PDEDs can lead to changes in the child's physical growth patterns, such as reduced birth weight, short stature, or delayed puberty.
2. Brain development: Prenatal exposure to certain substances can affect brain development, leading to learning disabilities, memory problems, and cognitive delays.
3. Behavioral and emotional development: Children exposed to PDEDs may exhibit behavioral and emotional difficulties, such as anxiety, depression, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
4. Immune system functioning: Prenatal exposure to certain substances can affect the immune system's development, making children more susceptible to infections and autoimmune diseases.
5. Reproductive health: Exposure to certain chemicals during fetal development may disrupt the reproductive system, leading to fertility problems or an increased risk of infertility later in life.

The diagnosis of Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects often requires a comprehensive medical history and physical examination, as well as specialized tests such as imaging studies or laboratory assessments. Treatment for PDEDs typically involves addressing the underlying cause of exposure and providing appropriate interventions to manage any associated symptoms or developmental delays.

In summary, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects can have a profound impact on a child's growth, development, and overall health later in life. It is essential for healthcare providers to be aware of the potential risks and to monitor children exposed to substances during fetal development for any signs of PDEDs. With early diagnosis and appropriate interventions, it may be possible to mitigate or prevent some of these effects and improve outcomes for affected children.

Some common types of deaf-blind disorders include:

1. Usher syndrome: This is the most common form of deaf-blindness and affects approximately 3 to 6 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. It is caused by mutations in genes that are important for hearing and balance.
2. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: This is a group of inherited disorders that affect the nerves responsible for hearing and vision. It is the most common inherited neurological disorder and affects approximately 1 in 2,500 individuals worldwide.
3. Bardet-Biedl syndrome: This is a rare genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in 160,000 individuals worldwide. It is characterized by vision loss, hearing loss, and developmental delays.
4. Alport syndrome: This is a genetic disorder that affects the kidneys, eyes, and ears. It is caused by mutations in the COL4A5 gene and affects approximately 1 in 50,000 individuals worldwide.
5. Other causes of deaf-blindness include infections such as meningitis or encephalitis, injuries to the head or ear, and exposure to toxic substances.

The symptoms of deaf-blind disorders can vary depending on the underlying cause, but may include:

* Vision loss or blindness
* Hearing loss or deafness
* Developmental delays
* Cognitive impairment
* Balance and coordination problems
* Speech and language difficulties

There is no cure for deaf-blind disorders, but there are a variety of treatments and strategies that can help individuals with these conditions to communicate and access information. These may include:

* Assistive technology such as braille, sign language, or communication devices
* Specialized education and training programs
* Speech and language therapy
* Occupational therapy to improve daily living skills
* Physical therapy to improve balance and coordination

It's important for individuals with deaf-blind disorders to receive early and appropriate intervention to maximize their potential for communication, independence, and quality of life.

... (bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate) is a resin commonly used in dental composite, dental sealants. and dental cement. ... It is the diester derived from methacrylic acid and the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether. Bearing two polymerizable groups, it is ... Until matrix development work in the early 2000s, bis-GMA and related methacrylate monomers were the only options for organic ... LaBauve JR, Long KN, Hack GD, Bashirelahi N (2012). "What every dentist should known about bisphenol A". General Dentistry. 60 ...
Two examples of such commonly used monomers include bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BISMA) and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA ... The liquid consists of HEMA (water miscible resin), polyacrylic acid (with pendant methacrylate groups) and tartaric acid. This ... which contains a modified methacrylate or acrylate. ...
While typical home epoxies contain diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), glycidyl methacrylate is instead used to provide ... Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) is an ester of methacrylic acid and glycidol. Containing both an epoxide and an acrylate groups, ... Glycidyl methacrylate is produced by several companies worldwide, including Dow Chemical. It is used to prepare a range of ... Acrylate polymer Acrylate Methacrylate ChemExper.com Dow Chemical Marketing Page, retrieved November 2015 Teng, Chih-Chun; Ma, ...
... bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate MeSH D25.720.716.822.308.300 - compomers MeSH D25.720.716.822.461 - epoxy resins MeSH D25.720 ... bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate MeSH D25.339.149.300 - compomers MeSH D25.339.208 - dental alloys MeSH D25.339.208.224 - ... methyl methacrylates MeSH D25.720.716.822.111.650.605.450 - methyl methacrylate MeSH D25.720.716.822.111.650.605.500 - ... polymethyl methacrylate MeSH D25.720.716.822.111.650.750 - polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate MeSH D25.720.716.822.300 - bone ...
... methacrylates MeSH D02.241.081.069.600.150 - bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate MeSH D02.241.081.069.800 - polymethacrylic acids ... methyl methacrylate MeSH D02.241.081.069.800.550.500 - polymethyl methacrylate MeSH D02.241.081.069.800.700 - polyhydroxyethyl ... polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate MeSH D02.033.455.250.700.690 - polysorbates MeSH D02.033.455.706 - propylene glycols MeSH D02.033 ... methacrylate MeSH D02.241.081.069.920 - urocanic acid MeSH D02.241.081.160.050 - aminobutyric acids MeSH D02.241.081.160. ...
It consists of methacrylate and dimethacrylate monomers (e.g. bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), urethane ... The addition of polymerisable resins (hydrophilic methacrylate monomers) results in higher compressive and tensile strength, as ... its methacrylate constituent causes it to undergo polymerisation shrinkage when setting. The strain introduced by the shrinkage ...
... bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate) Mallotojaponin C Naphthablin This set index page lists chemical structure articles ...
... bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate MeSH D05.750.716.822.308.300 - compomers MeSH D05.750.716.822.461 - epoxy resins MeSH D05.750 ... methyl methacrylates MeSH D05.750.716.822.111.650.605.450 - methyl methacrylate MeSH D05.750.716.822.111.650.605.500 - ... polymethyl methacrylate MeSH D05.750.716.822.111.650.750 - polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate MeSH D05.750.716.822.300 - bone ... polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate MeSH D05.750.741.700 - polysorbates MeSH D05.750.900.850 - silicones MeSH D05.750.900.850.150 - ...
... such as a bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BISGMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) or semi-crystalline polyceram (PEX), and ... The activator present in light activated composite is diethyl-amino-ethyl-methacrylate (amine) or diketone. They interact when ...
Gemfibrozil Glycidyl oleate Glycidyl stearate Guinea Green B Gyromitrin Haematite HC Blue No. 2 HC Red No. 3 HC Yellow No. 4 ... ether Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (Aralditeâ) Bisulfites Blue VRS Brilliant Blue FCF, disodium salt Bromochloroacetonitrile ... Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate 2-Methylfluoranthene 3-Methylfluoranthene Methylglyoxal Methyl iodide Methyl methacrylate N- ... Polychlorinated dibenzofurans Polychloroprene Polyethylene Polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate Polymethyl methacrylate ...
The 2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championship were the 12th edition of the Ju-Jitsu World Championships, and were held in Paris, France from November 28 to November 30, 2014. 28.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Men's Duo System - Classic 29.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Women's Duo System - Classic 30.11.2014 - Men's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Mixed Duo System - Classic, Team event Vincent MATCZAK (2014-09-30). "4TH INVITAION TO WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 2014" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-11-28.[dead link] Online results Official results (PDF) Mixed team event results (PDF) (All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from April 2022, Ju-Jitsu World Championships, 2014 in French sport ...
Bolley L. "Bo" Johnson (born November 15, 1951) is an American politician from the state of Florida. A member of the Democratic Party, Johnson was a member of the Florida House of Representatives, and served as the Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives. Johnson is from Milton, Florida. His father and grandfather served as county commissioners for Santa Rosa County, Florida. Johnson graduated from Milton High School, and became the first member of his family to attend college. He received his bachelor's degree from Florida State University. Johnson volunteered for Mallory Horne when Horne served as the president of the Florida Senate. At the age of 22, Johnson met Lawton Chiles, then a member of the United States Senate, who hired him as a legislative aide in 1973. Johnson was elected to the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 4th district from November 7, 1978 to November 3, 1992. He also served the 1st district from November 3, 1992 to November 8, 1994. He became the ...
... may refer to: Don't Say No (Billy Squier album), a 1981 album by American rock singer Billy Squier, and its title track Don't Say No (Seohyun EP), a 2016 extended play by South Korean pop singer Seohyun, and its title track "Don't Say No" (Tom Tom Club song), from the 1988 album Boom Boom Chi Boom Boom "Don't Say No", by Robbie Williams from the 2005 album Intensive Care "Don't Say No Tonight", a 1985 single by Eugene Wilde This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Don't Say No. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. (Disambiguation pages with short descriptions, Short description is different from Wikidata, All article disambiguation pages, All disambiguation pages, Disambiguation pages ...
The Dewoitine 37 was the first of a family of 1930s French-built monoplane fighter aircraft. The D.37 was a single-seat aircraft of conventional configuration. Its fixed landing gear used a tailskid. The open cockpit was located slightly aft of the parasol wing. The radial engine allowed for a comparatively wide fuselage and cockpit. Design of this machine was by SAF-Avions Dewoitine but owing to over work at that companies plant at the time, manufacture of the D.37/01 was transferred to Lioré et Olivier. They were high-wing monoplanes of all-metal construction with valve head blisters on their engine cowlings. The first prototype flew in October 1931. Flight testing resulted in the need for multiple revisions in both engine and airframe, so it was February 1934 before the second prototype flew. Its performance prompted the French government to order for 28 for the Armée de l'Air and Aéronavale. The Lithuanian government ordered 14 that remained in service with their Air Force until 1936, ...
The Noor-ul-Ain (Persian: نور العين, lit. 'the light of the eye') is one of the largest pink diamonds in the world, and the centre piece of the tiara of the same name. The diamond is believed to have been recovered from the mines of Golconda, Hyderabad in India. It was first in possession with the nizam Abul Hasan Qutb Shah, later it was given as a peace offering to the Mughal emperor Aurangazeb when he defeated him in a siege. It was brought into the Iranian Imperial collection after the Persian king Nader Shah Afshar looted Delhi in the 18th century.[citation needed] The Noor-ul-Ain is believed to have once formed part of an even larger gem called the Great Table diamond. That larger diamond is thought to have been cut in two, with one section becoming the Noor-ul-Ain and the other the Daria-i-Noor diamond. Both of these pieces are currently part of the Iranian Crown Jewels. The Noor-ul-Ain is the principal diamond mounted in a tiara of the same name made for Iranian Empress Farah ...
The Benoist Land Tractor Type XII was one of the first enclosed cockpit, tractor configuration aircraft built. Benoist used "Model XII" to several aircraft that shared the same basic engine and wing design, but differed in fuselage and control surfaces. The Type XII was a tractor-engined conversion of the model XII headless pusher aircraft that resembled the Curtiss pusher aircraft. Demonstration pilots used Benoist aircraft to demonstrate the first parachute jumps, and the tractor configuration was considered much more suitable for the task. The first example named the "Military Plane" had a small box frame covered fuselage that left the occupants mostly exposed to the wind. The later model XII "Cross Country Plane" had a full fuselage that occupants sat inside of. The first tractor biplane used a wooden fuselage with a small seat on top. The wings were covered with a Goodyear rubberized cloth. The first model XII was built in the spring of 1912. On 1 March 1912, Albert Berry used a headless ...
... (also known as Yalmotx in Qʼanjobʼal) is a town, with a population of 17,166 (2018 census), and a municipality in the Guatemalan department of Huehuetenango. It is situated at 1450 metres above sea level. It covers a terrain of 1,174 km². The annual festival is April 29-May 4. Barillas has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round and extremely heavy rainfall from June to August. Citypopulation.de Population of departments and municipalities in Guatemala Citypopulation.de Population of cities & towns in Guatemala "Climate: Barillas". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved July 26, 2020. Muni in Spanish Website of Santa Cruz Barillas Coordinates: 15°48′05″N 91°18′45″W / 15.8014°N 91.3125°W / 15.8014; -91.3125 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles containing Q'anjob'al-language text, Coordinates on Wikidata, ...
Maria Margaret La Primaudaye Pollen (10 April 1838 - c. 1919), known as Minnie, was a decorative arts collector. As Mrs John Hungerford Pollen, she became known during the early-twentieth century as an authority on the history of textiles, publishing Seven Centuries of Lace in 1908. Maria Margaret La Primaudaye was born into a Huguenot family on 10 April 1838, the third child of the Revd Charles John La Primaudaye, a descendant of Pierre de La Primaudaye. She was educated in Italy. Her family converted to Catholicism in 1851, and it was in Rome that her father met another recent English convert, John Hungerford Pollen, previously an Anglican priest and a decorative artist. She became engaged to Pollen, who was then seventeen years her senior, in the summer of 1854, and was married in the church of Woodchester monastery, near Stroud, Gloucester, on 18 September 1855. The Pollens initially settled in Dublin, where John Hungerford Pollen had been offered the professorship of fine arts at the ...
Ronald Robert Fogleman (born January 27, 1942) is a retired United States Air Force general who served as the 15th Chief of Staff of the Air Force from 1994 to 1997 and as Commanding General of the United States Transportation Command from 1992 to 1994. A 1963 graduate from the United States Air Force Academy, he holds a master's degree in military history and political science from Duke University. A command pilot and a parachutist, he amassed more than 6,800 flying hours in fighter, transport, tanker and rotary wing aircraft. He flew 315 combat missions and logged 806 hours of combat flying in fighter aircraft. Eighty of his missions during the Vietnam War were as a "Misty FAC" in the F-100F Super Sabre at Phù Cát Air Base, South Vietnam between 25 December 1968 and 23 April 1969. Fogleman was shot down in Vietnam in 1968, while piloting an F-100. He was rescued by clinging to an AH-1 Cobra attack helicopter that landed at the crash site. In early assignments he instructed student pilots, ...
Peachtree Street" is a 1950 song co-written and recorded by Frank Sinatra in a duet with Rosemary Clooney. The song was released as a Columbia Records single. Frank Sinatra co-wrote the song with Leni Mason and Jimmy Saunders. Mason composed the music while Sinatra and Saunders wrote the lyrics. The song was arranged by George Siravo The song was released as an A side Columbia 10" 78 single, Catalog Number 38853, Matrix Number CO-43100-1 and as a 7" 33, 1-669. The B side was the re-issued "This Is the Night." Neither of the songs charted. The subject of the song is a stroll down the street in Atlanta, Georgia of the same name. Sinatra originally intended Dinah Shore to sing the duet with him. When Shore declined, Clooney was asked. The song was recorded on April 8, 1950. The song features spoken asides by Sinatra and Clooney. Rosemary Clooney asks: "Say, Frank, you wanna take a walk?" Frank Sinatra replies: "Sure, sweetie, just pick a street." He noted how there were no peach trees on the ...
... is a painting by American illustrator Norman Rockwell that depicts a Boy Scout in full uniform standing in front of a waving American flag. It was originally created by Rockwell in 1942 for the 1944 Brown & Bigelow Boy Scout Calendar. The model, Bob Hamilton, won a contest to be in the painting and personally delivered a print to the Vice President of the United States at the time, Henry A. Wallace. The painting was created to encourage Scouts to participate in the war effort during World War II. The name of the painting, We, Too, Have a Job to Do, comes from a slogan that the Boy Scouts of America used in 1942 to rally scouts to support the troops by collecting metal and planting victory gardens. The model, Bob Hamilton, won a contest with his local council in Albany, New York, to be depicted in the painting. He traveled to Rockwell's studio in Arlington, Vermont, to model for Rockwell. Since Hamilton was a scout, the uniform shown in the painting was his, unlike some ...
At least 33[failed verification] people were killed by a fuel tanker explosion in Tleil, Akkar District, Lebanon on 15 August 2021. The disaster was reportedly exacerbated by the ongoing Lebanese liquidity crisis; in which the Lebanese pound has plummeted and fuel has been in short supply. The survivors were evacuated by the Lebanese Red Cross. An investigation is underway. The fuel tanker had been confiscated by the Lebanese Armed Forces from black marketeers, the fuel was then distributed/taken by the locals. The son of the man whose land the fuel tanker was located on, was later arrested, accused of deliberately causing the explosion. Agencies (2021-08-15). "At least 20 killed and 79 injured in fuel tank explosion in Lebanon". the Guardian. Retrieved 2021-08-15. "Lebanon fuel explosion kills 22 and injures dozens more". The Independent. 2021-08-15. Archived from the original on 2021-08-15. Retrieved 2021-08-15. "Lebanon: At least 20 dead and dozens injured after fuel tank explodes as ...
The Straubing Tigers are a professional men's ice hockey team, based in Straubing, Germany, that competes in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. Straubing plays its home games at the Eisstadion am Pulverturm, which has a capacity of 5,800 spectators. Promoted to the DEL in 2006, and operating with one of the league's smallest budgets, the team could finish no better than twelfth before the 2011-12 DEL season, when it reached the semi-finals of the playoffs. Their greatest success so far is the qualification for the season 2020-21 of the Champions Hockey League. In 1941, the then 14-year-old Max Pielmaier and his friends Max Pellkofer and Harry Poiger founded the first hockey team in Straubing. The first official game took place on the first of February 1942 in Hof and was lost by a score of 0:1. In the following year there were several games against other Bavarian teams. The game against Landshut on 31 January. 1943 was the last game during the second World War, because the young players also had to ...
Leina is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia. Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Pihtla Parish. "Lisa. Asustusüksuste nimistu" (PDF). haldusreform.fin.ee (in Estonian). Rahandusministeerium. Retrieved 5 December 2017. "Saaremaa külad endiste valdade piires". www.saaremaa.ee (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017. Coordinates: 58°17′10″N 22°46′26″E / 58.28611°N 22.77389°E / 58.28611; 22.77389 v t e (CS1 Estonian-language sources (et), Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no map, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Saaremaa Parish, Coordinates on Wikidata, Villages in Saare County, All stub articles, Saare County geography stubs ...
A sestiere (plural: sestieri) is a subdivision of certain Italian towns and cities. The word is from sesto ('sixth'), so it is thus used only for towns divided into six districts. The best-known example is the sestieri of Venice, but Ascoli Piceno, Genoa, Milan and Rapallo, for example, were also divided into sestieri. The medieval Lordship of Negroponte, on the island of Euboea, was also at times divided into six districts, each with a separate ruler, through the arbitration of Venice, which were known as sestieri. The island of Crete, a Venetian colony (the "Kingdom of Candia") from the Fourth Crusade, was also divided into six parts, named after the sestieri of Venice herself, while the capital Candia retained the status of a comune of Venice. The island of Burano north of Venice is also subdivided into sestieri. A variation of the word is occasionally found: the comune of Leonessa, for example, is divided into sesti or sixths. Other Italian towns with fewer than six official districts are ...
The Island Image is a Chesapeake Bay log canoe, built in 1885 at Elliot's Island, Maryland, by Herman Jones and Isaac Moore. She is 29'-8½" long with a beam of 5-10¼", and has a straight, raking stem and a sharp stern. It is privately owned, and races under No. 17. She one of the last 22 surviving traditional Chesapeake Bay racing log canoes that carry on a tradition of racing on the Eastern Shore of Maryland that has existed since the 1840s. She is located at Chestertown, Kent County, Maryland. She was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. April 15, 2008. "Maryland Historical Trust". ISLAND IMAGE (log canoe). Maryland Historical Trust. 2008-06-14. "Island Image #17 , CBLCSA". Island Image. Chesapeake Bay Log Sailing Canoe Association. 2010-07-24. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2010-07-29. ISLAND IMAGE (log canoe), Kent County, including photo in 1984, ...
... (Persian: دهستان بردخون) is a rural district (dehestan) in the Bord Khun District of Deyr County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,115, in 234 families. The rural district has 14 villages. "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original on 2011-11-11. Coordinates: 27°58′N 51°32′E / 27.967°N 51.533°E / 27.967; 51.533 v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no map, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Articles containing Persian-language text, Coordinates on Wikidata, Rural Districts of Bushehr Province, Deyr County, All stub articles, Deyr County geography stubs ...
... is a disease of camels caused by the camelpox virus (CMPV) of the family Poxviridae, subfamily Chordopoxvirinae, and the genus Orthopoxvirus. It causes skin lesions and a generalized infection. Approximately 25% of young camels that become infected will die from the disease, while infection in older camels is generally more mild. Although rare, the infection may spread to the hands of those that work closely with camels. The camelpox virus that causes camelpox is an orthopoxvirus that is very closely related to the variola virus that causes smallpox. It is a large, brick-shaped, enveloped virus that ranges in size from 265-295 nm. The viral genetic material is contained in a linear double-stranded DNA consisting of 202,182 tightly packed base pairs. The DNA is encased in the viral core. Two lateral bodies are found outside the viral core, and are believed to hold the enzymes required for viral reproduction. The camelpox virus most often affects members of family Camelidae. However, ...
... s (/ˈfɛzənt/ FEH-zənt) are birds of several genera within the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes. Although they can be found all over the world in introduced (and captive) populations, the pheasant genera native range is restricted to Eurasia. The classification "pheasant" is paraphyletic, as birds referred to as pheasants are included within both the subfamilies Phasianinae and Pavoninae, and in many cases are more closely related to smaller phasianids, grouse, and turkey (formerly classified in Perdicinae, Tetraoninae, and Meleagridinae) than to other pheasants. Pheasants are characterised by strong sexual dimorphism, males being highly decorated with bright colours and adornments such as wattles. Males are usually larger than females and have longer tails. Males play no part in rearing the young. A pheasants call or cry can be recognised due to the fact it sounds like a rusty sink or valve being turned. Pheasants eat mostly seeds, grains, roots, and berries, while in the ...
Paul S. Mischel (born July 13, 1962) is an American physician-scientist whose laboratory has made pioneering discoveries in the pathogenesis of human cancer. He is currently a Professor and Vice Chair of Research for the Department of Pathology and Institute Scholar of ChEM-H, Stanford University. Mischel was elected into the American Society for Clinical Investigation (ASCI), serving as ASCI president in 2010/11. He was inducted into the Association of American Physicians, and was elected as a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Mischel was born on July 13, 1962. After losing his father to cancer, he became committed to a career in cancer research. He attended the University of Pennsylvania and received his M.D. from Cornell University Medical College in 1991, graduating Alpha Omega Alpha. Mischel completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology and Neuropathology at UCLA, followed by post-doctoral research training with Louis Reichardt at HHMI-UCSF. Mischel ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
Bisphenol AF CAS 1478-61-1. Bisphenol Z CAS: 843-55-0. ... to copolymerize with hard monomers such as methyl methacrylate ...
Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate Methacrylate, Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer - Narrower ... Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate Polymer Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ... Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate. Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer. Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate Polymer. ... Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Entry term(s). Bis GMA Bis(Phenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate) Bis(Phenol A-Glycydyl Methacrylate ...
Bisphenol-glycidyl-methacrylate (BisGMA) is one common monomer adding into DBAs and resin. In this study, we found that ...
PMMA, poly methyl methacrylate, Mw 220.000.. Bis-GMA, bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate. ... and coated with bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate {BisGMA}and PMMA matrix) to 22.5 wt% of photopolymerizable dimethacrylate ... Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) based semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) matrix has been used in denture base ... Vallittu PK, Narva K. Impact strength of a modified continuous glass fiber-poly (methyl methacrylate) Int J Prosthodont 1997; ...
Bis-GMA (bisphenol-A glycidyl dimethacrylate) is the most used monomer in dental composites, however due to its high molecular ... Methacrylate composite presented higher DC, KHN, P, and WS than silorane (Tables 3 and 4); only in the S test no difference was ... The methacrylate material presented higher curing degree than silorane (p,0.001), the DC of the top surface also was higher ... The top surface of composites showed higher DC and KHN than bottom, except for methacrylate at 27.8 and 39.6 J/cm2 (Table 3). ...
... of bisphenol A diglycidyl methacrylate and 30%-40% of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, tertiary amines and photo-initiator. SBMP ... Bisphenol glycidyl dimethacrylate (BisGMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) (Esstech, Essington, PA, USA) were ... dimethylaminohexyl methacrylate; DMANM, dimethylaminononyl methacrylate; QAM, quaternary ammonium methacrylate; SBMP, ... dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate; DMAHM, dimethylaminohexyl methacrylate; DMANM, dimethylaminononyl methacrylate; DMAODM, ...
... the CR-containing bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) caused a significant decrease in cell viability in sample B. ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
Ethanol *Dentin-Bonding Agents *Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate. Oper Dent 1992;SU5:95-102 bis(2-. hydroxyethyl)trisulfide ... Ethanol *Methacrylates Adhesives. Eur J Orthod 2002 Feb;24(1):35-42 chlorzoin 0 *Ethanol *Chlorhexidine *Polyurethanes Paint. J ... Ethanol *Methacrylates *Diphosphates. Dent Mater 1998 Nov;14(6):394-8 lymph node revealing solution 0 *Ethanol *Ether, Ethyl * ... Ethanol *Methacrylates *Phosphates Dental Bonding. J Oral Rehabil 2002 Aug;29(8):777-81 2-. (2-. dimethylaminoethoxy)ethanol ...
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate. *Bithionol. *Bromphenol Blue. *Catechols. *Chlorophenols. *Cresols. *Desvenlafaxine ...
Methacrylate. 2-Hydroxypropyl Acrylate. 2-Hydroxypropyl-Methacrylate Iso-Butanol. Isophorone. Isophthalic Acid. Isopropanol. ... Bisphenol A. 1.4-Butanediol. n-Butanol. Butyl Acrylate. Butylbenzylphthalate. Butyldiglycol. Caustic Potash. Caustic Soda. ... 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl glycidyl ether. Trimethylolpropane. Trioctyltrimellitate. Triphenylphosphite. Tartaric Acid. UREA. ...
Patent 5280069: N-glycidyl compound. (SYNTHETIC RESINS OR NATURAL RUBBERS -- PART OF THE CLASS 520 SERIES : : MIXING OF TWO OR ... Patent 5280057: Cycloalkylidene bisphenol phosphites. (SYNTHETIC RESINS OR NATURAL RUBBERS -- PART OF THE CLASS 520 SERIES ... Patent 5280070: Polycarbonate-polymethyl methacrylate blends. (SYNTHETIC RESINS OR NATURAL RUBBERS -- PART OF THE CLASS 520 ...
Development of reactive methacrylates based on glycidyl methacrylate[J]. Journal of Polymer Science. Part A:Polymer Chemistry, ... The curing system of bisphenol A epoxy resin(E-51) and isophorone diamine(IPDA) was modified by CGEP in different mass ratios. ... Synthesis Process of Castor Oil Glycidyl Ether [J]. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 2015, 35(4): 112-116. ...
Bisphenol A (BPA),Bitumens, extracts of steam-refined and air refined,Bracken fern,Bromacil lithium salt,Bromacil lithium salt ... Phenyl glycidyl ether,Phenylhydrazine and its salts, Phenylhydrazine, Phenylhydrazine hydrochloride,o-Phenylphenate, sodium,o- ... Tributyltin methacrylate,Trichlormethine (Trimustine hydrochloride),Trichloroacetic acid, Trichloroethylene, Trichloroethylene, ...
Glycidyl methacrylate cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid Bis(1-ethyl(3-oxetanil)methyl)ether ... fluorene-9-bisphenol 9-Fluorenone 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-bis(oxiranylmethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione ...
","grey",0 21145,"Phenyl glycidyl ether","122-60-1","C122601","cheminventory_sample,tox21:all_plated,tox21:ntp_all_plated,tox21 ... ","grey",0 20844,"Methyl methacrylate","80-62-6","C80626","cheminventory_bottle,cheminventory_sample,tox21:all_plated,tox21:ntp ... ","grey",0 24624,"Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether","1675-54-3","C1675543","cheminventory_bottle,cheminventory_sample,epa:all_ ...
Bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate-based (Cortoss®). Y. Y. M. H. Y. T, C. H. N. μ. ...
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / chemistry Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH ... Primer containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate kills bacteria impregnated in human dentin blocks. Chen C, Cheng L, Weir MD ...
... the oral environment over the currently used bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA/ ... the oral environment over the currently used bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA/ ...
Bis(Phenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate) Bis(Phenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate), Homopolymer Bis(Phenol A-Glycydyl Methacrylate) Bis- ... Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Polymer Concise Composite Resin Concise Enamel ... Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer Narrower Concept UI. M0329218. Registry Number. 30757-19-8. Terms. Bisphenol A- ... BIS(PHENOL A-GLYCIDYL METHACRYLATE), HOMOPOLYMER use BIS(PHENOL A-GLYCYDYL METHACRYLATE) (NM) 1975-1992. Date Established. 1993 ...
Bis(Phenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate) Bis(Phenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate), Homopolymer Bis(Phenol A-Glycydyl Methacrylate) Bis- ... Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Polymer Concise Composite Resin Concise Enamel ... Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate Homopolymer Narrower Concept UI. M0329218. Registry Number. 30757-19-8. Terms. Bisphenol A- ... BIS(PHENOL A-GLYCIDYL METHACRYLATE), HOMOPOLYMER use BIS(PHENOL A-GLYCYDYL METHACRYLATE) (NM) 1975-1992. Date Established. 1993 ...
Bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate Current Synonym true false 3756303011 Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate Current Synonym true ... Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (substance). Code System Preferred Concept Name. Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (substance ... BIS-GMA - Bisphenol a-glycidyl methacrylate Current Synonym true false 2669367013 ... BIS-GMA - bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate Current Synonym true false 381254015 BIS-GMA Current Synonym true false ...
... tripotassium dicitrate N0000007329 Bisoprolol N0000179526 Bisoprolol Fumarate N0000171542 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ... Polyketides N0000007819 Polylysine N0000007820 Polymers N0000007821 Polymethacrylic Acids N0000171546 Polymethyl Methacrylate ... N0000006631 Metformin N0000006120 Methacholine Chloride N0000007995 Methacholine Compounds N0000166735 Methacrylates ... Polyglutamic Acid N0000171519 Polyglycolic Acid N0000178804 Polyhydroxyalkanoates N0000171547 Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate ...
Nominated Substances: Bisphenol A, Bisphenol A dimethacrylate (bis-DMA), Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA) ... Nomination Summary for Nomination Summary for Dental composites and sealants containing bisphenol A derivatives (N21019) ... Nomination Summary for Dental composites and sealants containing bisphenol A derivatives (N21019). ... Dental composites expose children to bisphenol A and other unstudied compounds. The article provides extensive info indicating ...
Experimental composite resins composed of 75 wt% Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate (BisGMA) and 25 wt% Triethylene Glycol ... Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate and 30 wt% Triethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate to formulate an experimental composite resin. A ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
C18.452.648.100.620.100 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate J1.637.51.339.149.200 J1.637.51.720.716.822.308.200 Bladder A5.810. ... J1.637.51.720.728.780 Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate J1.637.51.720.716.822.111.650.750 J1.637.51.720.741.685 Polymers J1.637. ... 51.720 Polymethacrylic Acids J1.637.51.720.716.822.111.650 Polymethyl Methacrylate J1.637.51.720.716.822.111.650.605.500 ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
D2.455.426.559.389.657.239.132 Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate D2.755.100 D2.455.426.559.389.657.100 Bithionol D2.755.120 ...
A sealant based on bisphenol-A diglycidylether methacrylate (bis-GMA) increased cell yields, progesterone rece... ... Reproductive Toxicity Evaluation of the Dental Resin Monomer Bisphenol A Glycidyl Methacrylate (CAS 1565-94-2) in Mice, ... Joskow R, Barr D, Barr J, Calafat A, Needham L and Rubin C (2006) Exposure to bisphenol A from bis-glycidyl dimethacrylate- ... Yu B, Liu F and He J (2014) Preparation of low shrinkage methacrylate-based resin system without Bisphenol A structure by using ...
... preestablished ihog dichloroplatinum asporin hermetic hermetia oppose acety coeliacus elaidic carvi komatsu bisphenol carve ... funebralis marten yellowish tricornis graveolens hunner kawaguchi microphotography physodic moronic meliaceae methacrylates ... subsector hydroxyethylstarch broiling dehydrocorticosterone breathlessness resolution comarum leandra platycercus glycidyl ... colpocephaly ruvalcaba bromochloromethane decorticate polyanthus bcl2l12 bcl2l11 bcl2l10 oxazaphospholidine methacrylate istria ...
  • Methods: Circular specimens (5 x 2 mm) were manufactured from methacrylate and silorane composite resins, and light-cured at 19.8, 27.8, 39.6, and 55.6 J/cm2, using second-generation LED at 1,390 mW/cm2. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mainly used in the manufacture of acrylic powder coatings, used as soft monomers to copolymerize with hard monomers such as methyl methacrylate and styrene, which can adjust the glass transition temperature and flexibility, and improve the gloss, adhesion and weather resistance of the coating film Wait. (lanhaiindustry.com)
  • These materials are composed basically by polymeric matrix based on methacrylate monomers, inorganic filler particles, silane and photo-initiator system 3 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Bis-GMA (bisphenol-A glycidyl dimethacrylate) is the most used monomer in dental composites, however due to its high molecular weight, high viscosity and low mobility, other monomers with lower viscosity and/or higher mobility, as TEGDMA (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) and UDMA (urethane dimethacrylate), are used to increase the degree of conversion (DC) and crosslinking of the resulting polymer 3,4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Silorane network is generated by cationic ringopening polymerization mechanism instead of free radical curing of methacrylate monomers 8 , and more light-curing time to form cations is required to initiate the polymerization reaction 5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The curing system of bisphenol A epoxy resin(E-51) and isophorone diamine(IPDA) was modified by CGEP in different mass ratios. (cifp.ac.cn)
  • The reaction product of bisphenol A and glycidyl methacrylate that undergoes polymerization when exposed to ultraviolet light or mixed with a catalyst. (bvsalud.org)
  • Methacrylate restorative materials exhibit volumetric polymerization shrinkage 5 , ranging from 1.9 to 3.5 vol% 6 , and a significant proportion of unreacted monomer due to incomplete C=C bond conversion 7 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The intent of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support the design and development of novel dental composite restorative systems that demonstrate superiority in material properties and endurance in the oral environment over the currently used bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA/TEGDMA)-based systems. (nih.gov)
  • Experimental composite resins composed of 75 wt% Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate (BisGMA) and 25 wt% Triethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) were produced. (bvsalud.org)
  • Estrogenicity was due to bisphenol-A and bisphenol-A dimethacrylate, monomers found in the base paste of the dental sealant and identified by mass spectrometry. (nih.gov)
  • Dental composites expose children to bisphenol A and other unstudied compounds. (nih.gov)
  • A sealant based on bisphenol-A diglycidylether methacrylate (bis-GMA) increased cell yields, progesterone receptor expression, and pS2 secretion in human estrogen-target, serum-sensitive MCF7 breast cancer cells. (nih.gov)