Birnaviridae
Aquabirnavirus
Infectious bursal disease virus
Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus
Viral Structural Proteins
Viral proteins that are components of the mature assembled VIRUS PARTICLES. They may include nucleocapsid core proteins (gag proteins), enzymes packaged within the virus particle (pol proteins), and membrane components (env proteins). These do not include the proteins encoded in the VIRAL GENOME that are produced in infected cells but which are not packaged in the mature virus particle,i.e. the so called non-structural proteins (VIRAL NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS).
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Gill lamellar pillar cell necrosis, a new birnavirus disease in Japanese eels. (1/29)
Since the late 1980s, a birnaviral gill disease has been occurring in Japanese eels Anguilla japonica reared in warmwater ponds in western regions in Japan. Diseased eels mostly displayed marked formations of aneurysmal hematomas within gill lamellae and high mortalities. Histological examination revealed necrosis of pillar cells and subsequent aggregation of erythrocytes inside the lamellar capillaries, and proliferation of interlamellar epithelia onto the lamellae. Gastric gland cells were also necrotized. Electron microscopy revealed birnavirus infection in lamellar pillar cells. The causative birnavirus was isolated and cultured in fish cell lines and was found to be related to an infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) Sp serotype by neutralization tests. The viral pathogenicity was confirmed by the results of histopathological examinations and infectivity experiments. (+info)Characteristics of a new birnavirus associated with a warm-water fish cell line. (2/29)
A warm-water fish cell line developed from blotched snakehead caudal peduncle (BSN) was found to have persistent birnavirus infection. Purified virus particles were of icosahedral shape and had 57+/-1.6 nm diameter. The BSN virus was resistant to 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine and induced yellowish-green cytoplasmic inclusions when stained with acridine orange. The virus was resistant to chloroform, acid and alkaline pH and heat treatment at 56 degrees C for 2 h. Purified virions had a buoyant density of 1.33 g/ml in CsCl and contained two genomic segments with molecular masses of 2.56 x 10(6) and 2.00 x 10(6) Da and four structural polypeptides of 112 (polyprotein, PP), 91 (VP1), 44 (VP2) and 37 (VP3) kDa. Reciprocal beta cross-neutralization tests incorporating four classical strains of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) (WB, Sp, Ab and TV-1) and the BSN virus established the complete serological distinctness of the virus from IPNV. Considering the uniqueness of the virus, the name blotched snakehead virus is proposed for this agent. (+info)Isolation of different types of birnavirus from ayu Plecoglossus altivelis and amago salmon Oncorhynchus rhodurus cultured in the same geographic area. (3/29)
A birnavirus was recently isolated from cultured ayu Plecoglossus altivelis on Shikoku island, Japan. The diseased fish displayed vertebral or vertical curvature and mild haemorrhage around the brain. Cytopathic effects (CPE) of the virus, including cell roundness, filamentous change and cell lysis, were observed in CHSE-214, RTG-2 and RSBK-2 cells. The virus isolated from ayu, designated the AY-98 strain, was found to be antigenically related to the marine birnavirus (MABV) Y-6 strain that originated from yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. AY-98 had a bi-segmented RNA genome and the same nucleotide sequence in the 310 bp VP2/NS junction as MABV Y-6. At the same time that the ayu epizootics occurred, another birnavirus (AM-98) was isolated from amago salmon Oncorhynchus rhodurus which were cultured 66 km away from the ayu farm. AM-98 showed a similar CPE and had the same host cell ranges as AY-98. However, AM-98 was serologically similar to the VR-299 strain of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and their nucleotide sequences in the VP2/NS junction region showed 98% homology without changes at the amino acid level. In this study, the ayu strain AY-98 was grouped into MABV, whereas the amago salmon strain AM-98 was grouped into IPNV. This indicates that the 2 birnaviruses originated from different sources in spite of the fact that the places where they were isolated are close to one another. The results in this paper show a new aspect of the traditional consensus that the same serogroup of birnavirus distribute in close geographic areas. (+info)Active residues and viral substrate cleavage sites of the protease of the birnavirus infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. (4/29)
The polyprotein of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a birnavirus, is processed by the viral protease VP4 (also named NS) to generate three polypeptides: pVP2, VP4, and VP3. Site-directed mutagenesis at 42 positions of the IPNV VP4 protein was performed to determine the active site and the important residues for the protease activity. Two residues (serine 633 and lysine 674) were critical for cleavage activity at both the pVP2-VP4 and the VP4-VP3 junctions. Wild-type activity at the pVP2-VP4 junction and a partial block (with an alteration of the cleavage specificity) at the VP4-VP3 junction were observed when replacement occurred at histidines 547 and 679. A similar observation was made when aspartic acid 693 was replaced by leucine, but wild-type activity and specificity were found when substituted by glutamine or asparagine. Sequence comparison between IPNV and two birnavirus (infectious bursal disease virus and Drosophila X virus) VP4s revealed that serine 633 and lysine 674 are conserved in these viruses, in contrast to histidines 547 and 679. The importance of serine 633 and lysine 674 is reminiscent of the protease active site of bacterial leader peptidases and their mitochondrial homologs and of the bacterial LexA-like proteases. Self-cleavage sites of IPNV VP4 were determined at the pVP2-VP4 and VP4-VP3 junctions by N-terminal sequencing and mutagenesis. Two alternative cleavage sites were also identified in the carboxyl domain of pVP2 by cumulative mutagenesis. The results suggest that VP4 cleaves the (Ser/Thr)-X-Ala / (Ser/Ala)-Gly motif, a target sequence with similarities to bacterial leader peptidases and herpesvirus protease cleavage sites. (+info)Expression of YAV proteins and vaccination against viral ascites among cultured juvenile yellowtail. (5/29)
Yellowtail ascites virus (YAV) is a member of the family Birnaviridae and causes viral ascites among juvenile yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata). We have reported the cloning and expression of two viral cDNAs, the first being segment A encoding a polyprotein of viral capsid proteins (VP2 and VP3) and a protease (NS), and the second being VP2-epitope encoding serotype-specific epitope region on VP2, using a baculovirus expression system. Another viral cDNA encoding a polyprotein of NS and VP3 was cloned and expressed in this study. For the expression of NS/VP3 (YAV nt 1626 to 3066) in insect cells a 31-kDa protein, corresponding to VP3 was detected, indicating an appropriate posttranslational processing of NS/VP3 polypeptide by NS protease itself. The analysis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of this protein showed that NS protease may cleave an Ala-Ser bond. A study of the potential for vaccination of yellowtail fry by injection of insect cell lysates infected with baculovirus, containing either cDNA of segment A, VP2-epitope, or NS/VP3 was undertaken. Only a vaccination with cell lysates infected with a recombinant virus carrying the full length of YAV segment A gene demonstrated approximately the same effect as that of inactivated YAV. This result suggested that all proteins VP2, VP3, and NS are required for an effective vaccination. (+info)First isolation of an aquatic birnavirus from farmed and wild fish species in Australia. (6/29)
During routine sampling and testing, as part of a systematic surveillance program (the Tasmanian Salmonid Health Surveillance Program), an aquatic birnavirus was isolated from 'pin-head' (fish exhibiting deficient acclimatisation on transfer to saltwater) Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, approximately 18 mo old, farmed in net-pens located in Macquarie Harbour on the west coast of Tasmania, Australia. The isolate grows readily in a range of fish cell lines including CHSE-214, RTG-2 and BF-2 and is neutralised by a pan-specific rabbit antiserum raised against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) Ab strain and by a commercial pan-specific IPNV-neutralising monoclonal antibody. Presence of the virus was not associated with gross clinical signs. Histopathological examination revealed a range of lesions particularly in pancreatic tissue. The virus was localised in pancreas sections by immunoperoxidase staining using the polyclonal antiserum and by electron microscopy. Examination by electron microscopy demonstrated that the virus isolated in cell culture (1) belongs to the family Birnaviridae, genus Aquabirnaviridae; (2) was ultrastructurally and antigenically similar to virus identified in the index fish; (3) is related to IPNV. Western blot analysis using the polyclonal rabbit antiserum confirmed the cross-reactions between various aquatic birnavirus isolates. In addition, PCR analysis of isolated viral nucleic acid from the index case indicated that the virus is more closely related to IPNV fr21 and N1 isolates than to other birnavirus isolates available for comparison. Sampling of other fish species within Macquarie Harbour has demonstrated that the virus is present in several other species of fish including farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, wild flounder Rhombosolea tapirina, cod Pseudophycis sp., spiked dogfish Squalus megalops and ling Genypterus blacodes. (+info)Genome sequence of a VP2/NS junction region of pillar cell necrosis virus (PCNV) in cultured Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. (7/29)
Pillar cell necrosis virus (PCNV) is an aquatic birnavirus that was isolated from farmed Japanese eel experiencing mass mortality. In this study, a VP2/NS junction region in genome segment A of PCNV was amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequenced. The VP2/NS region in PCNV had the highest homology with that of a strain Ab of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). This result revealed that PCNV belongs to birnavirus genogroup II. (+info)Blotched snakehead virus is a new aquatic birnavirus that is slightly more related to avibirnavirus than to aquabirnavirus. (8/29)
By different approaches, we characterized the birnavirus blotched snakehead virus (BSNV). The sequence of genomic segment A revealed the presence of two open reading frames (ORFs): a large ORF with a 3,207-bp-long nucleotide sequence and a 417-nucleotide-long small ORF located within the N-terminal half of the large ORF, but in a different reading frame. The large ORF was found to encode a polyprotein cotranslationally processed by the viral protease VP4 to generate pVP2 (the VP2 precursor), a 71-amino-acid-long peptide ([X]), VP4, and VP3. The two cleavage sites at the [X]-VP4 and VP4-VP3 junctions were identified by N-terminal sequencing. We showed that the processing of pVP2 generated VP2 and several small peptides (amino acids [aa] 418 to 460, 461 to 467, 468 to 474, and 475 to 486). Two of these peptides (aa 418 to 460 and 475 to 486) were positively identified in the viral particles with 10 additional peptides derived from further processing of the peptide aa 418 to 460. The results suggest that VP4 cleaves multiple Pro-X-Ala downward arrow Ala motifs, with the notable exception of the VP4-VP3 junction. Replacement of the members of the predicted VP4 catalytic dyad (Ser-692 and Lys-729) confirmed their indispensability in the polyprotein processing. The genomic segment B sequence revealed a single large ORF encoding a putative polymerase, VP1. Our results demonstrate that BSNV should be considered a new aquatic birnavirus species, slightly more related to IBDV than to IPNV. (+info)
Birnaviridae - Wikipedia
Blosnavirus - Wikipedia
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dsRNA viruses - Reoviridae - Reoviridae study group - Cystoviridae - Birnaviridae - Totiviridae: Home Page
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Birnaviridae
ICTV Report: Birnaviridae Viralzone: Birnaviridae (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Use dmy ... "Birnaviridae-Birnaviridae-dsRNA Viruses". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 16 October 2019. " ... Birnaviridae is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses. Salmonid fish, birds and insects serve as natural hosts. There are ... Viruses in family Birnaviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral single-shelled geometries, and T=13 symmetry. The diameter ...
Aquabirnavirus
... is a genus of viruses, in the family Birnaviridae. Salmonid fish serve as natural hosts. There are three species ... ICTV Report: Birnaviridae Viralzone: Aquabirnavirus (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Use ... "ICTV Report Birnaviridae". "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International ... Birnaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (1): 5-6. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001185. PMID 30484762. " ...
Entomobirnavirus
... is a genus of viruses in the family Birnaviridae. Its natural host is the fly Drosophila melanogaster. There ... "ICTV Report Birnaviridae". "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International ... ICTV Report: Birnaviridae Viralzone: Entomobirnavirus (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Use ... Birnaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (1): 5-6. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001185. PMID 30484762. " ...
Avibirnavirus
"ICTV Report Birnaviridae". "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015. Jackwood, Daral J.; Schat, Karel A.; Michel, Linda O ... Avibirnavirus is a genus of viruses in family Birnaviridae. There is a single species in this genus: Infectious bursal disease ... Birnaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (1): 5-6. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001185. PMID 30484762. " ...
Blosnavirus
... is a genus of viruses, in the family Birnaviridae. Blotched snakehead fish serve as natural hosts. There are two ... ICTV Report: Birnaviridae Viralzone: Blosnavirus (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Use dmy ... "ICTV Report Birnaviridae". "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International ... Birnaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (1): 5-6. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001185. PMID 30484762. " ...
Drosophila X virus
... (DXV) belongs to the Birnaviridae family of viruses. Birnaviridae currently consists of three genera. The ... This polypeptide is 977 amino acids in length, making it the largest encoded RdRp in the Birnaviridae family. The RdRp contains ... or downstream pseudoknot that is seen in other members of Birnaviridae. It is hypothesized the small ORF is translated in a ... which is consistent with birnaviridae (Shwed, 2002). The segment A genome is 3360-bp in length. Segment A encodes a polyprotein ...
Viral replication
This class includes two major families, the Reoviridae and Birnaviridae. Replication is monocistronic and includes individual, ...
Double-stranded RNA viruses
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is the best-characterized member of the family Birnaviridae. These viruses have ...
Infectious pancreatic necrosis
It is caused by infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, which is a member of the Birnaviridae family. This disease mainly affects ...
Infectious bursal disease
... is a double-stranded RNA virus that has a bi-segmented genome and belongs to the genus Avibirnavirus of family Birnaviridae. ...
Pisuviricota
Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Birnaviridae and Permutotetraviridae, both currently unassigned to a phylum in Orthornavirae ...
Megabirnaviridae
... than families Birnaviridae (6 kbp) and Picobirnaviridae (4 kbp). There is only one species in this family: Rosellinia necatrix ...
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
... except retroviruses and Birnaviridae All positive-strand RNA eukaryotic viruses with no DNA stage All RNA-containing ... such as orthomyxoviruses and bunyaviruses dsRNA virus family Birnaviridae (InterPro: IPR007100) Flaviviruses produce a ...
List of MeSH codes (B04)
... birnaviridae MeSH B04.909.777.123.050 - aquabirnavirus MeSH B04.909.777.123.050.430 - infectious pancreatic necrosis virus MeSH ...
Orthornavirae
Birnaviridae Permutotetraviridae Botybirnavirus The kingdom contains three groups in the Baltimore classification system, which ...
Picobirnavirus
... es were initially thought to belong to the family Birnaviridae, but later were confirmed to differ with respect ...
RNA virus
Family Amalgaviridae Family Birnaviridae Family Chrysoviridae Family Cystoviridae Family Endornaviridae Family Hypoviridae ... Birnaviridae, Cystoviridae, Nodaviridae, and Permutotretraviridae. These viruses have multiple types of genome ranging from a ... that the dsRNA viruses are not closely related to each other but instead belong to four additional classes-Birnaviridae, ...
List of virus families and subfamilies
Baculoviridae Barnaviridae Belpaoviridae Benyviridae Betaflexiviridae Bicaudaviridae Bidnaviridae Birnaviridae Blumeviridae ...
Family: Birnaviridae | ICTV
PDF: ICTV_Birnaviridae.pdf. Summary. Birnaviridae is a family of viruses with bisegmented dsRNA genomes with a total of about 6 ... Birnaviridae: from Latin prefix bi, "two", signifying the bisegmented nature of the viral genome as well as the presence of ... Birnaviridae. Schematic representation of the gene arrangement in the coding strand of genome segment A of representative ... Figure 4. Birnaviridae. A distance tree representing the phylogenetic relationships of VP1 for members of the various genera ...
View source for Taxonomy Index - microbewiki
Assessing the Epidemic Potential of RNA and DNA Viruses - Volume 22, Number 12-December 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases...
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Structure of a VP1-VP3 complex suggests how birnaviruses package the VP1 polymerase. - CAMS Oxford Institute
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Assessing the Epidemic Potential of RNA and DNA Viruses - Volume 22, Number 12-December 2016 - Emerging Infectious Diseases...
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dsRNA viruses | NAL Agricultural Thesaurus
Sequiviridae | Profiles RNS
Leviviridae | Profiles RNS
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Orthomyxoviridae | Profiles RNS
Guthmiller JJ, Lan LY, Fernández-Quintero ML, Han J, Utset HA, Bitar DJ, Hamel NJ, Stovicek O, Li L, Tepora M, Henry C, Neu KE, Dugan HL, Borowska MT, Chen YQ, Liu STH, Stamper CT, Zheng NY, Huang M, Palm AE, García-Sastre A, Nachbagauer R, Palese P, Coughlan L, Krammer F, Ward AB, Liedl KR, Wilson PC. Polyreactive Broadly Neutralizing B cells Are Selected to Provide Defense against Pandemic Threat Influenza Viruses. Immunity. 2020 12 15; 53(6):1230-1244.e5 ...
Astroviridae Infections | Profiles RNS
Pancreatic necrosis1
- Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a member of the family Birnaviridae, infects young salmon, with a severe impact on the commercial sea farming industry. (ox.ac.uk)
Viruses2
- Birnaviridae is a family of viruses with bisegmented dsRNA genomes with a total of about 6 kbp forming icosahedral, non-enveloped virions (Table 1. (ictv.global)
- The IBD Virus Belongs To The Birnaviridae Family Of RNA Viruses. (agrihunt.com)
Family3
- Characteristics of members of the family Birnaviridae . (ictv.global)
- Double stranded RNA virus, it belongs to the genus Avibirnavirus of the family Birnaviridae , very resistant in the environment. (hipra.com)
- Lots of fish species in different portions of the world are infected with this viral disease which is categorized in the birnaviridae family. (infomory.com)
Virus1
- Virus diseases caused by the BIRNAVIRIDAE . (bvsalud.org)
Infections3
- Birnaviridae Infections" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (jefferson.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Birnaviridae Infections" by people in this website by year, and whether "Birnaviridae Infections" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (jefferson.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Birnaviridae Infections" by people in Profiles. (jefferson.edu)
Virus1
- Virus diseases caused by the BIRNAVIRIDAE. (jefferson.edu)