Biotinylation. Medical search

Incorporation of biotinyl groups into molecules.

A water-soluble, enzyme co-factor present in minute amounts in every living cell. It occurs mainly bound to proteins or polypeptides and is abundant in liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast, and milk.

Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-nitrogen bond. EC 6.3.

An enzyme which catalyzes the release of BIOTIN from biocytin. In human, defects in the enzyme are the cause of the organic acidemia MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY or BIOTINIDASE DEFICIENCY.

A 60-kDa extracellular protein of Streptomyces avidinii with four high-affinity biotin binding sites. Unlike AVIDIN, streptavidin has a near neutral isoelectric point and is free of carbohydrate side chains.

A specific protein in egg albumin that interacts with BIOTIN to render it unavailable to mammals, thereby producing biotin deficiency.

The form of fatty acid synthase complex found in BACTERIA; FUNGI; and PLANTS. Catalytic steps are like the animal form but the protein structure is different with dissociated enzymes encoded by separate genes. It is a target of some ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS which result in disruption of the CELL MEMBRANE and CELL WALL.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

A carboxy-lyase that catalyzes the decarboxylation of (S)-2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA to propanoyl-CoA. In microorganisms the reaction can be coupled to the vectorial transport of SODIUM ions across the cytoplasmic membrane.

The neonatal form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY that is caused by a defect or deficiency in holocarboxylase synthetase. HLCS is the enzyme that covalently links biotin to the biotin dependent carboxylases (propionyl-CoA-carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase).

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A group of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of carboxyl- or carbamoyl- groups. EC 2.1.3.

Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-carbon bond. These are the carboxylating enzymes and are mostly biotinyl-proteins. EC 6.4.

A carboxylating enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP, acetyl-CoA, and HCO3- to ADP, orthophosphate, and malonyl-CoA. It is a biotinyl-protein that also catalyzes transcarboxylation. The plant enzyme also carboxylates propanoyl-CoA and butanoyl-CoA (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 6.4.1.2.

The turning off of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION in certain regions of CHROMATIN without changes in the DNA sequence. Typically epigenetic repression is a way that developmental changes are programmed at the cellular level.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A deficiency in the activities of biotin-dependent enzymes (propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to one of two defects in BIOTIN metabolism. The neonatal form is due to HOLOCARBOXYLASE SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY. The late-onset form is due to BIOTINIDASE DEFICIENCY.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme primarily expressed in ERYTHROCYTES, vascular endothelial cells, and the gastrointestinal mucosa. EC 4.2.1.-

Cellular uptake of extracellular materials within membrane-limited vacuoles or microvesicles. ENDOSOMES play a central role in endocytosis.

An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

Small chromosomal proteins (approx 12-20 kD) possessing an open, unfolded structure and attached to the DNA in cell nuclei by ionic linkages. Classification into the various types (designated histone I, histone II, etc.) is based on the relative amounts of arginine and lysine in each.

A subclass of IMIDES with the general structure of pyrrolidinedione. They are prepared by the distillation of ammonium succinate. They are sweet-tasting compounds that are used as chemical intermediates and plant growth stimulants.

A biotin-dependent enzyme belonging to the ligase family that catalyzes the addition of CARBON DIOXIDE to pyruvate. It is occurs in both plants and animals. Deficiency of this enzyme causes severe psychomotor retardation and ACIDOSIS, LACTIC in infants. EC 6.4.1.1.

Membrane transporters that co-transport two or more dissimilar molecules in the same direction across a membrane. Usually the transport of one ion or molecule is against its electrochemical gradient and is "powered" by the movement of another ion or molecule with its electrochemical gradient.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

A cell line generated from human embryonic kidney cells that were transformed with human adenovirus type 5.

Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.

Orientation of intracellular structures especially with respect to the apical and basolateral domains of the plasma membrane. Polarized cells must direct proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the appropriate domain since tight junctions prevent proteins from diffusing between the two domains.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. Glycosyl transferases are used in this biochemical reaction.

Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.

A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The aggregation of soluble ANTIGENS with ANTIBODIES, alone or with antibody binding factors such as ANTI-ANTIBODIES or STAPHYLOCOCCAL PROTEIN A, into complexes large enough to fall out of solution.

The marking of biological material with a dye or other reagent for the purpose of identifying and quantitating components of tissues, cells or their extracts.

Anaerobic hyperthermophilic species of ARCHAEA, isolated from hydrothermal fluid samples. It is obligately heterotrophic with coccoid cells that require TRYPTOPHAN for growth.

An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.

A family of plasma membrane neurotransmitter transporter proteins that couple the uptake of GLUTAMATE with the import of SODIUM ions and PROTONS and the export of POTASSIUM ions. In the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM they regulate neurotransmission through synaptic reuptake of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Outside the central nervous system they function as signal mediators and regulators of glutamate metabolism.

Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of Bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla.

CELL LINE derived from the ovary of the Chinese hamster, Cricetulus griseus (CRICETULUS). The species is a favorite for cytogenetic studies because of its small chromosome number. The cell line has provided model systems for the study of genetic alterations in cultured mammalian cells.

Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of molecules across a biological membrane. Included in this broad category are proteins involved in active transport (BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT, ACTIVE), facilitated transport and ION CHANNELS.

Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.

Na-K-Cl transporter in the ASCENDING LIMB OF LOOP OF HENLE. It mediates active reabsorption of sodium chloride and is inhibited by LOOP DIURETICS such as FUROSEMIDE; and BUMETANIDE. Mutations in the gene encoding SLC12A1 are associated with a BARTTER SYNDROME.

Sodium channels found on salt-reabsorbing EPITHELIAL CELLS that line the distal NEPHRON; the distal COLON; SALIVARY DUCTS; SWEAT GLANDS; and the LUNG. They are AMILORIDE-sensitive and play a critical role in the control of sodium balance, BLOOD VOLUME, and BLOOD PRESSURE.

A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria whose cells occur singly, in pairs or short chains, in V or Y configurations, or in clumps resembling letters of the Chinese alphabet. Its organisms are found in cheese and dairy products as well as on human skin and can occasionally cause soft tissue infections.

A genus of microaerophilic, gram-negative bacteria that forms crystals of the mineral magnetite in special organelles called MAGNETOSOMES.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

Enzymes that catalyze the addition of a carboxyl group to a compound (carboxylases) or the removal of a carboxyl group from a compound (decarboxylases). EC 4.1.1.

A CELL LINE derived from human T-CELL LEUKEMIA and used to determine the mechanism of differential susceptibility to anti-cancer drugs and radiation.

Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.

A chloride channel that regulates secretion in many exocrine tissues. Abnormalities in the CFTR gene have been shown to cause cystic fibrosis. (Hum Genet 1994;93(4):364-8)

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

New World marsupials of the family Didelphidae. Opossums are omnivorous, largely nocturnal and arboreal MAMMALS, grow to about three feet in length, including the scaly prehensile tail, and have an abdominal pouch in which the young are carried at birth.

Sodium chloride-dependent neurotransmitter symporters located primarily on the PLASMA MEMBRANE of dopaminergic neurons. They remove DOPAMINE from the EXTRACELLULAR SPACE by high affinity reuptake into PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS and are the target of DOPAMINE UPTAKE INHIBITORS.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

Human colonic ADENOCARCINOMA cells that are able to express differentiation features characteristic of mature intestinal cells, such as ENTEROCYTES. These cells are valuable in vitro tools for studies related to intestinal cell function and differentiation.

A fungal metabolite which is a macrocyclic lactone exhibiting a wide range of antibiotic activity.

Immunologic method used for detecting or quantifying immunoreactive substances. The substance is identified by first immobilizing it by blotting onto a membrane and then tagging it with labeled antibodies.

A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A single membrane-embedded negative charge is critical for recognizing positively charged drugs by the Escherichia coli multidrug resistance protein MdfA. (1/1806)

The nature of the broad substrate specificity phenomenon, as manifested by multidrug resistance proteins, is not yet understood. In the Escherichia coli multidrug transporter, MdfA, the hydrophobicity profile and PhoA fusion analysis have so far identified only one membrane-embedded charged amino acid residue (E26). In order to determine whether this negatively charged residue may play a role in multidrug recognition, we evaluated the expression and function of MdfA constructs mutated at this position. Replacing E26 with the positively charged residue lysine abolished the multidrug resistance activity against positively charged drugs, but retained chloramphenicol efflux and resistance. In contrast, when the negative charge was preserved in a mutant with aspartate instead of E26, chloramphenicol recognition and transport were drastically inhibited; however, the mutant exhibited almost wild-type multidrug resistance activity against lipophilic cations. These results suggest that although the negative charge at position 26 is not essential for active transport, it dictates the multidrug resistance character of MdfA. We show that such a negative charge is also found in other drug resistance transporters, and its possible significance regarding multidrug resistance is discussed. (+info)

Comparison of the backbone dynamics of the apo- and holo-carboxy-terminal domain of the biotin carboxyl carrier subunit of Escherichia coli acetyl-CoA carboxylase. (2/1806)

The biotin carboxyl carrier protein (BCCP) is a subunit of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, a biotin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of fatty acid biosynthesis. In its functional cycle, this protein engages in heterologous protein-protein interactions with three distinct partners, depending on its state of post-translational modification. Apo-BCCP interacts specifically with the biotin holoenzyme synthetase, BirA, which results in the post-translational attachment of biotin to a single lysine residue on BCCP. Holo-BCCP then interacts with the biotin carboxylase subunit of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which leads to the addition of the carboxylate group of bicarbonate to biotin. Finally, the carboxy-biotinylated form of BCCP interacts with transcarboxylase in the transfer of the carboxylate to acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA. The determinants of protein-protein interaction specificity in this system are unknown. The NMR solution structure of the unbiotinylated form of an 87 residue C-terminal domain fragment (residue 70-156) of BCCP (holoBCCP87) and the crystal structure of the biotinylated form of a C-terminal fragment (residue 77-156) of BCCP from Escherichia coli acetyl-CoA carboxylase have previously been determined. Comparative analysis of these structures provided evidence for small, localized conformational changes in the biotin-binding region upon biotinylation of the protein. These structural changes may be important for regulating specific protein-protein interactions. Since the dynamic properties of proteins are correlated with local structural environments, we have determined the relaxation parameters of the backbone 15N nuclear spins of holoBCCP87, and compared these with the data obtained for the apo protein. The results indicate that upon biotinylation, the inherent mobility of the biotin-binding region and the protruding thumb, with which the biotin group interacts in the holo protein, are significantly reduced. (+info)

Streptavidin facilitates internalization and pulmonary targeting of an anti-endothelial cell antibody (platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1): a strategy for vascular immunotargeting of drugs. (3/1806)

Conjugation of drugs with antibodies to surface endothelial antigens is a potential strategy for drug delivery to endothelium. We studied antibodies to platelet-endothelial adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1, a stably expressed endothelial antigen) as carriers for vascular immunotargeting. Although 125I-labeled anti-PECAM bound to endothelial cells in culture, the antibody was poorly internalized by the cells and accumulated poorly after intravenous administration in mice and rats. However, conjugation of biotinylated anti-PECAM (b-anti-PECAM) with streptavidin (SA) markedly stimulated uptake and internalization of anti-PECAM by endothelial cells and by cells expressing PECAM. In addition, conjugation with streptavidin markedly stimulated uptake of 125I-labeled b-anti-PECAM in perfused rat lungs and in the lungs of intact animals after either intravenous or intraarterial injection. The antioxidant enzyme catalase conjugated with b-anti-PECAM/SA bound to endothelial cells in culture, entered the cells, escaped intracellular degradation, and protected the cells against H2O2-induced injury. Anti-PECAM/SA/125I-catalase accumulated in the lungs after intravenous injection or in the perfused rat lungs and protected these lungs against H2O2-induced injury. Thus, modification of a poor carrier antibody with biotin and SA provides an approach for facilitation of antibody-mediated drug targeting. Anti-PECAM/SA is a promising candidate for vascular immunotargeting of bioactive drugs. (+info)

Molecular biology of biotin attachment to proteins. (4/1806)

Enzymatic attachment of biotin to proteins requires the interaction of a distinct domain of the acceptor protein (the "biotin domain") with the enzyme, biotin protein ligase, that catalyzes this essential and rare post-translational modification. Both biotin domains and biotin protein ligases are very strongly conserved throughout biology. This review concerns the protein structures and mechanisms involved in the covalent attachment of biotin to proteins. (+info)

Human biotinidase isn't just for recycling biotin. (5/1806)

For years, the major role of biotin has been as the coenzyme for four carboxylases in humans. Although there has been evidence that biotin might have other functions, none has been firmly established. The discovery that human serum biotinidase has biotinyl-transferase activity, in addition to biotinidase hydrolase activity, presents new possibilities for the role of biotinidase in biotin metabolism. Specific transfer of biotin to histones by biotinidase provides a possible explanation for why biotin is found in the nucleus and the nature of its role in the regulation of protein transcription. Future studies will help to determine the functions of biotinidase in biotin metabolism and in disease states. (+info)

Treatment of mouse oocytes with PI-PLC releases 70-kDa (pI 5) and 35- to 45-kDa (pI 5.5) protein clusters from the egg surface and inhibits sperm-oolemma binding and fusion. (6/1806)

The effect of phosphatidyinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) on mouse sperm-egg interaction was investigated in this study to determine if glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins are involved in mammalian fertilization. When both sperm and zona-intact oocytes were pretreated with a highly purified preparation of PI-PLC and coincubated, there was no significant effect on sperm-zona pellucida binding; however, fertilization was reduced from 59.6% (control group) to 2.8% (treatment group). A similar reduction in fertilization rates was found when zona-intact oocytes were treated with PI-PLC and washed prior to incubation with untreated sperm. The effect of PI-PLC on sperm binding and fusion with zona-free oocytes was then investigated. Treatment of sperm with PI-PLC had no significant effect on sperm-egg binding or fusion. However, treatment of eggs with PI-PLC significantly reduced sperm-egg binding and fusion from 6.2 bound and 2.1 fused sperm per egg in the control group to 2.1 bound and 0.02 fused sperm per egg in the treatment group. This decrease in sperm-egg binding and fusion depended on the dose of PI-PLC employed, with a maximal inhibitory effect on binding and fusion at 5 and 1 U/ml, respectively. PI-PLC-treated oocytes could be artificially activated by calcium ionophore, demonstrating that the oocytes were functionally viable following treatment. Furthermore, treatment of oocytes with PI-PLC did not reduce the immunoreactivity of the non-GPI-anchored egg surface integrin, alpha6beta1. Taken together, these observations support the hypothesis that PI-PLC affects fertilization by specifically releasing GPI-anchored proteins from the oolemma. In order to identify the oolemmal GPI-anchored proteins involved in fertilization, egg surface proteins were labeled with sulfo-NHS biotin, treated with PI-PLC, and analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by avidin blotting. A prominent high-molecular-weight protein cluster (approximately 70 kDa, pI 5) and a lower molecular weight (approximately 35-45 kDa, pI 5.5) protein cluster were released from the oolemmal surface as a result of PI-PLC treatment. It is likely that these GPI-anchored egg surface proteins are required for sperm-egg binding and fusion. (+info)

Critical relationship between glycosylation of recombinant lutropin receptor ectodomain and its secretion from baculovirus-infected insect cells. (7/1806)

The lutropin receptor ectodomain overexpressed under the control of the powerful polyhedrin promoter in baculovirus-infected Sf9 insect cells, is mainly found in an inactive, intracellularly-aggregated form. It is secreted in an active form under the control of the P10 promoter, a somewhat weaker and earlier promoter, at the price of a lower production. The apparent molecular masses of the two species encoded by the same cDNA are 48 kDa and 60-68 kDa, respectively. The relationship between the extent and type of glycosylation and the extracellular targeting for the recombinant lutropin receptor ectodomains was investigated precisely with endoglycosidases, lectins of various specificities, and a glycosylation inhibitor, and tested with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. The results indicate that the strong polyhedrin promoter probably overwhelms the processing capacity of the ER in Sf9 cells, so that only a high-mannose precursor is expressed in large amounts. Only a minute amount of protein is secreted, which has been processed by Sf9 exoglycosidases/glycosyltransferases and bears complex/hybrid oligosaccharides. The weaker P10 promoter allows secretion of a mature and active receptor ectodomain, bearing complex glycosylation. An important O-linked glycosylation is also added post-translationally on this species. In particular, beta-galactose and sialic acid residues were specifically detected in the secreted species, evidence of the induction of the corresponding glycosyltransferases or of their genes. These results suggest that Sf9 cells should eventually be engineered with chaperones and glycosyltransferases in order to improve the production of demanding glycoproteins such as the porcine lutropin ectodomain, so as to open the way to resolution of the three-dimensional structures of these receptors. (+info)

Characterization of the internalization pathways for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. (8/1806)

Mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel give rise to the most common lethal genetic disease of Caucasian populations, CF. Although the function of CFTR is primarily related to the regulation of apical membrane chloride permeability, biochemical, immunocytochemical, and functional studies indicate that CFTR is also present in endosomal and trans Golgi compartments. The molecular pathways by which CFTR is internalized into intracellular compartments are not fully understood. To define the pathways for CFTR internalization, we investigated the association of CFTR with two specialized domains of the plasma membrane, clathrin-coated pits and caveolae. Internalization of CFTR was monitored after cell surface biotinylation and quantitation of cell surface CFTR levels after elution of cell lysates from a monomeric avidin column. Cell surface levels of CFTR were determined after disruption of caveolae or clathrin-coated vesicle formation. Biochemical assays revealed that disrupting the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles inhibited the internalization of CFTR from the plasma membrane, resulting in a threefold increase in the steady-state levels of cell surface CFTR. In contrast, the levels of cell surface CFTR after disruption of caveolae were not different from those in control cells. In addition, although our studies show the presence of caveolin at the apical membrane domain of human airway epithelial cells, we were unable to detect CFTR in purified caveolae. These results suggest that CFTR is constitutively internalized from the apical plasma membrane via clathrin-coated pits and that CFTR is excluded from caveolae. (+info)

Biotinylation basically creates a strong affinity between the biotin on the cytokine-specific antibody and the streptavidin on ... "Biotinylation". ThermoFisher Scientific. Retrieved 6 December 2018. "BCIP/NBT-plus SDS Summary" (PDF). MABTECH. Retrieved 6 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELISpot

Fouda AE, Pflum MK (August 2015). "A Cell-Permeable ATP Analogue for Kinase-Catalyzed Biotinylation". Angewandte Chemie. 54 (33 ... Senevirathne C, Embogama DM, Anthony TA, Fouda AE, Pflum MK (January 2016). "The generality of kinase-catalyzed biotinylation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_biology

Minde DP, Ramakrishna M, Lilley KS (2018). "Biotinylation by proximity labelling favours unfolded proteins". bioRxiv. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_folding

Citrulline residues can be chemically modified with butanedione or biotinylation prior to analysis, leading to a different mass ... Tutturen, Astrid E. V.; Holm, Anders; Fleckenstein, Burkhard (2013-11-01). "Specific biotinylation and sensitive enrichment of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrullination

"Biotinylation by antibody recognition - A method for proximity labeling". Nature Methods. 15 (2): 127-133. doi:10.1038/nmeth. ... "β-Actin mRNA interactome mapping by proximity biotinylation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (26): 12863- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity_labeling

Biotinylation Siegel L, Foote JL, Coon MJ (March 1965). "The enzymatic synthesis of propionyl coenzyme A holocarboxylase from d ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocarboxylase_synthetase

biotinylation: covalent attachment of a biotin moiety using a biotinylation reagent, typically for the purpose of labeling a ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-translational_modification

... can act as an ATP sensor protein through biotinylation. Biotinylation will immobilize luciferase on the cell-surface ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luciferase

2004). "Use of protein biotinylation in vivo for chromatin immunoprecipitation". Analytical Biochemistry. 325 (1): 68-76. doi: ... or in vivo biotinylation can be used instead of antibodies to the native protein of interest. The DNA associated with the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin_immunoprecipitation

Chapman-Smith A, Cronan JE (September 1999). "The enzymatic biotinylation of proteins: a post-translational modification of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofactor_transferase_family

Chapman-Smith A, Cronan JE (1999). "The enzymatic biotinylation of proteins: a post-translational modification of exceptional ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holoprotein

Biotinylation of histone proteins in nuclear chromatin plays a role in chromatin stability and gene expression. The US National ... Biotinylation of histone proteins in nuclear chromatin is a posttranslational modification that plays a role in chromatin ... Biotinylation Multiple carboxylase deficiency NeutrAvidin Photobiotin "Biotin - Fact Sheet for Health Professionals". Office of ... the chemically modified biotin reagents are bound to the targeted compounds in a solution via a process called biotinylation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotin

ISBN 978-1-118-91840-1. Chapman-Smith A, Cronan JE (1999). "The enzymatic biotinylation of proteins: a post-translational ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme

Immunofluorescence Biomolecular engineering Biotinylation SpyTag/SpyCatcher Unnatural amino acids Bioconjugate Chemistry ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioconjugation

Protein biotinylation in vivo was proposed to alleviate the problems caused by frequent incompatibility of antibody staining ... Viens, A.; Harper, F.; Pichard, E.; Comisso, M.; Pierron, G.; Ogryzko, V. (2008). "Use of Protein Biotinylation in Vivo for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunostaining

Streptavidin Biotinylation Helppolainen SH, Nurminen KP, Määttä JA, Halling KK, Slotte JP, Huhtala T, et al. (August 2007). " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avidin

The advent of proximity biotinylation by birA* has facilitated the first proteomics-based studies of the cadherin adhesome. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesome

One idea is to attach the exonuclease to the nanopore, perhaps through biotinylation to the beta barrel hemolysin. The central ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanopore_sequencing

... biotinylation or glucose decomposition. Typically, the primary building blocks of these nanostructures are individual ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetoelastic_filaments

Subtiligase biotinylation of N-termini uses enzymatic labeling of N-terminal peptides, but does not use lysine blocking ... Lysine guanidination followed by biotinylation of N-termini uses a chemical to block lysine residues and tag free N-termini. ... Acetylation of amines followed by tryptic digestion and biotinylation of free N-terminal peptides uses chemical (acetylation) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_amine_isotopic_labeling_of_substrates

"Identification of new accessible tumor antigens in human colon cancer by ex vivo protein biotinylation and comparative mass ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactomedin_4

Chapman-Smith A, Cronan JE (1999). "The enzymatic biotinylation of proteins: a post-translational modification of exceptional ...

https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/효소

Limitations For Chem-seq to be feasible, the small molecule under study must be amenable to biotinylation without disruption of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chem-seq

Biotinylation of DNA and RNA with photoactivatable biotin is easier and less expensive than enzymatic methods since the DNA and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photobiotin

The tag is recognized by a repertoire of single-domain antibodies AviTag, a peptide allowing biotinylation by the enzyme BirA ... such as biotinylation by biotin ligase) or chemical modification (such as reaction with FlAsH-EDT2 for fluorescence imaging). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_tag

... thereby increasing the abundance of histone H4 biotinylation marks in HEK-293 human kidney cells". The Journal of Nutritional ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-153_microRNA_precursor_family

... biotinylation MeSH E05.393.525.100 - blotting, northern MeSH E05.393.525.150 - blotting, southern MeSH E05.393.525.225 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(E05)

... biotinylation, formylation, geranylgeranylation, glutamylation, glycosylation, glycylation, hydroxylation, isoprenylation, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_blot

In addition, Ting and her lab developed monovalent streptavidin, site-specific biotinylation in mammalian cells, small ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Y._Ting

NHS-coupling gives biotinylation of any primary amines in the protein). Enzymatic biotinylation results in biotinylation of a ... Chemical biotinylation utilises various conjugation chemistries to yield nonspecific biotinylation of amines, carboxylates, ... In contrast to chemical biotinylation methods, enzymatic biotinylation allows biotin to be linked at exactly one residue ... Photoactivatable biotinylation reagents can also be used to activate biotinylation at specific times in an experiment or during ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotinylation

Words related to biotinylation:. = 48 && event.charCode <= 57 value="Num letters..." onfocus="inputFocus(this)" onblur=" ...

http://rhymezone.com/r/rhyme.cgi?Word=biotinylation&org1=syl&org2=l&org3=y&typeofrhyme=syn

... Michael Daws Michael.Daws at ucmp.umu.se Mon Nov 13 10:40:06 EST 1995 *Previous message: NEW COMPUTER ...

http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/methods/1995-November/036243.html

Kinase-catalyzed biotinylation for phosphoprotein detection.. Green KD1, Pflum MK.. Author information. 1. Department of ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17199263?dopt=Abstract

... the reactive groups of biotinylation reagents and antibody biotinylation reagents. ... This article discusses biotinylation, including reagent solubility, spacer arm length, cleavability or reversibility, ... Biotinylation quantitation Determining the extent of biotin modification after a biotinylation reaction can aid in optimizing a ... Biotinylation reagent solubility The solubility of a biotinylation reagent greatly influences the ability to label target ...

https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/protein-biology/protein-biology-learning-center/protein-biology-resource-library/pierce-protein-methods/biotinylation.html

Biotinylation is a natural, albeit rare, modification of human histones.. Kuroishi T1, Rios-Avila L, Pestinger V, Wijeratne SS ... Biotinylation marks can be detected in bulk extracts from human cells, using streptavidin and anti-biotin as probes ... Recently, a team of investigators failed to detect biotinylated histones and proposed that biotinylation is not a natural ... These studies provide unambiguous evidence that biotinylation is a natural, albeit rare, histone modification. Less than 0.001 ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21930408

AirID is a highly active biotinylation enzyme with low toxicity. By using AirID, comprehensive biotinylation of proteins ... In this research, we have developed a biotinylation enzyme, AirID, using an ancestral enzyme reconstruction algorithm. ... Further improvement of biotinylation enzymes is an important goal for enhancing the convenience of proximity biotinylation in ... A new biotinylation enzyme for analyzing protein-protein interactions. Ehime University. Journal. eLife. Funder. Japan Agency ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-07/eu-anb070620.php

Visit CellSignal.com to view our Biotinylated Peptide materials including Protein Biotinylation & more. CST - Customer ...

https://www.cellsignal.com/browse/biotinylated-peptide?N=4294965052+4294956287

High impact information on Biotinylation. *Protease and biotinylation accessibility studies of right side-out and inside-out ... Chemical compound and disease context of Biotinylation. *Sequence requirements for the biotinylation of carboxyl-terminal ... Biotinylation of single cysteine mutants of the glutamate transporter GLT-1 from rat brain reveals its unusual topology. ... Metabolic biotinylation as a probe of supramolecular structure of the triad junction in skeletal muscle. Lorenzon, N.M., ...

https://www.wikigenes.org/e/mesh/e/18241.html

Biotinylation. Discussion of all aspects of cellular structure, physiology and communication.. Moderators: Leonid, amiradm, ... one question about biotinylation. After biotinyled with BIOTIN, and then lysated cells in RIPA buffer and then added ...

https://www.biology-online.org/biology-forum/viewtopic.php?t=19683

Basic Protocol 2: Cell Surface Biotinylation. *Basic Protocol 3: In Vivo Biotinylation of Mice Through Intra‐Cardiac Perfusion ... Biotinylation solution: 1 mg/ml sulfo‐NHS‐LC‐biotin (e.g., Thermo Scientific, cat. no. 21335) in 50 mM PBS (pH 7.4)/10% (w/v) ... Basic Protocol 2: Cell Surface Biotinylation. Materials * Cells growing in 75‐cm2 tissue culture flasks and appropriate growth ... In vivo protein biotinylation and sample preparation for the proteomic identification of organ‐ and disease‐specific antigens ...

http://www.currentprotocols.com/WileyCDA/CPUnit/refId-ps0306.html?quicktabs_cp=toc

However, TurboID enabled robust biotinylation in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen compared to BioID. Induction of biotinylation ... However, the conventional labeling period requires 15-18 h for robust biotinylation which may not be ideal for some ... For TurboID we observed signs of protein instability, persistent biotinylation in the absence of exogenous biotin, and an ... However, there is reported concern about inducibility of biotinylation, cellular toxicity, and ligase stability. To further ...

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/5/1070

Visit CellSignal.com to view our Biotinylated Peptide materials including Protein Biotinylation & more. CST - Customer ...

https://www.cellsignal.com/browse/biotinylated-peptide

Choose the best carboxyl biotinylation reagents for your application! ... Choose the best carboxyl biotinylation reagent for your application Product categories. Product. Product features. Spacer arm ( ... Long, hydrophilic reagent for biotinylation of carboxyls via EDC 53.2. Yes. No No ...

https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/protein-biology/protein-labeling-crosslinking/protein-labeling/biotinylation/carboxyl-biotinylation-reagents.html

In vivo protein biotinylation for identification of organ-specific antigens accessible from the vasculature. Nat. Methods 2, ... Roesli, C., Neri, D. & Rybak, J. In vivo protein biotinylation and sample preparation for the proteomic identification of organ ... In vivo protein biotinylation and sample preparation for the proteomic identification of organ- and disease-specific antigens ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/nprot.2006.29?error=cookies_not_supported&code=d955f7b8-69a7-40ef-8f09-4c442eab7b49

Targeting protein biotinylation enhances tuberculosis chemotherapy. By Divya Tiwari, Sae Woong Park, Maram M. Essawy, Surendra ... Targeting protein biotinylation enhances tuberculosis chemotherapy. By Divya Tiwari, Sae Woong Park, Maram M. Essawy, Surendra ... Targeting protein biotinylation enhances tuberculosis chemotherapy Message Subject. (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you ... Because it took several days before exposure to Bio-AMS affected Mtbs pattern of protein biotinylation, we first grew Mtb with ...

https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/10/438/eaal1803.full

... ,Applications,Example for use of B6096,Products,Related Products,Related Product Category ... A [µL of 10 mM biotinylation solution] x 10-6 [L/µL] x 10 [mmol/L] x 10-3 [mol/mmol]. A = 20 [µL of 10 mM biotinylation ... Calculate : A µL of 10 mM biotinylation solution for biotinylation 2 mg IgG (150,000 M.W.). 2 [mg IgG] x 10-3 [g/mg] x 1/ ... Use of a 10 mM biotinylation solution is recommended. In order to efficiently biotinylate a sample, biotinylation solution ...

https://www.tcichemicals.com/en/nl/product/pick/Pre-Weighed_Biotinylation_Reagents.html

We found that protein biotinylation in rice protoplasts increased with increased expression levels of BirAG. The biotinylation ... We found that protein biotinylation in rice protoplasts increased with increased expression levels of BirAG. The biotinylation ... which detects physiologically relevant proteins based on the proximity-dependent biotinylation process, has been successfully ... which detects physiologically relevant proteins based on the proximity-dependent biotinylation process, has been successfully ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2017.00749/full

Proximity biotinylation identifies a set of conformation-specific interactions between Merlin and cell junction proteins ... Proximity biotinylation identifies a set of conformation-specific interactions between Merlin and cell junction proteins ... Proximity biotinylation identifies a set of conformation-specific interactions between Merlin and cell junction proteins ... Proximity biotinylation identifies a set of conformation-specific interactions between Merlin and cell junction proteins ...

https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/12/578/eaau8749.editor-summary

Use of protein biotinylation in vivo for immunoelectron microscopic localization of a specific protein isoform. J. Histochem. ... Efficient biotinylation and single‐step purification of tagged transcription factors in mammalian cells and transgenic mice. ... Use of in vivo biotinylation to study protein‐protein and protein‐DNA interactions in mouse embryonic stem cells. Nat. Protoc. ... Codon optimization of the BirA enzyme gene leads to higher expression and an improved efficiency of biotinylation of target ...

http://www.currentprotocols.com/WileyCDA/CPUnit/refId-cb1712.html

Biotinylation of bladder tissue was detected by exposing frozen bladder sections (14 μm thick; intact bladders) to strepavidin ... In vivo biotinylation of urothelial cell-surface proteins-twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 gm) were anesthetized with ... in Vivo Biotinylation of Urothelial Cell Surface Proteins. We developed a methodology to identify cell-surface protein ... Figure 1: In vivo biotinylation of urothelium. (a) and (c) saline-treated bladders, (b) and (d) SP-treated bladders. Biotin ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2009/535348/

In Vivo Biotinylation of Urothelial Cell-Surface Proteins. Katherine L. Meyer-Siegler,1,2 Shen-Ling Xia,3 and Pedro L. Vera1,4 ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2009/535348/abs/

Two biotinylation-based methods, designed for determining the cell-surface expression and endocytic rate of proteins expressed ... In a typical biotinylation assay, the cells are first washed thoroughly in 4 °C PBS. This removes any traces of serum proteins ... The biotinylation reagent is then added. Next, the cells are washed again, and then incubated with a quenching buffer ... Using cell-surface biotinylation to assess the plasma membrane expression of AQP4 in astrocytes. Laminin-treated astrocyte ...

https://www.jove.com/video/55974/determining-cell-surface-expression-endocytic-rate-proteins-primary

In cells, holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mediates covalent binding of biotin to histones; biotinylation of lysine-12 in ... Sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter gene is regulated at the chromatin level by histone biotinylation in human Jurkat ... In cells, holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) mediates covalent binding of biotin to histones; biotinylation of lysine-12 in ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19056636/

Regulation of [beta]-Methylcrotonyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Activity by Biotinylation of the Apoenzyme. X. Wang, E. S. Wurtele, ... Thus, the lower activity of MCCase in leaves is attributed to the reduced biotinylation of the biotin-containing subunit of the ... Instead, the difference in MCCase activity between these two organs is directly correlated to the biotinylation status of the ... These observations indicate that the posttranslational biotinylation of the biotin-containing sub-unit of MCCase is an ...

http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/108/3/1133?ijkey=0205837be4da22519fc5d4e25bd92bf639ab7025&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

A Correction to the Presentation Titled: "Protein Complexes and Target Genes Identification by in Vivo Biotinylation: The STAT5 ... A Correction to the Presentation Titled: "Protein Complexes and Target Genes Identification by in Vivo Biotinylation: The STAT5 ... A Correction to the Presentation Titled: "Protein Complexes and Target Genes Identification by in Vivo Biotinylation: The STAT5 ... A Correction to the Presentation Titled: "Protein Complexes and Target Genes Identification by in Vivo Biotinylation: The STAT5 ...

https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/5/252/er7/tab-pdf

ESC Biotinylation Streptavidin Multi-protein complexes Purification Mass spectrometry BirA This is a preview of subscription ... Kim J, Cantor AB, Orkin SH, Wang J (2009) Use of in vivo biotinylation to study protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions in ... One such approach relies on in vivo biotinylation of a protein of interest and subsequent pull-down of its interacting partners ... Faiola F., Saunders A., Dang B., Wang J. (2014) An Improved In Vivo Biotinylation Strategy Combined with FLAG and Antibody ...

https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007/978-1-4939-1034-2_11

Polymorphism of the yeast pyruvate carboxylase 2 gene and protein: effects on protein biotinylation D L Val; D L Val ... on the extent of biotinylation in vivo by Escherichia coli biotin ligase, and compared the biotinylation of peptides containing ... The K1155R substitution had very little effect on biotinylation, but the five-amino-acid C-terminal extension to Pyc2 and the N ... effects on protein biotinylation. Biochem J 15 December 1995; 312 (3): 817-825. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3120817 ...

https://portlandpress.com/biochemj/article-abstract/312/3/817/37844/Polymorphism-of-the-yeast-pyruvate-carboxylase-2?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Biotinylation by Myc-BirA*-TbMORN1 in vivo. Myc-BirA*-TbMORN1 cells were incubated with excess biotin in the presence or ... The Myc-BirA* biotinylation module was found to be nontoxic and permissive for normal localization of tagged protein (Fig. 1). ... Although promiscuous biotinylation by BirA* was first demonstrated in Escherichia coli, the data here constitute-to our ... Novel Bilobe Components in Trypanosoma brucei Identified Using Proximity-Dependent Biotinylation. Brooke Morriswood, Katharina ...

https://ec.asm.org/content/12/2/356

The variety of biotinylation reagents with different functional group specificities is extremely useful, allowing one to choose a reagent that does not inactivate the target macromolecule. (thermofisher.com)
Biotinylate protein amines and maximize solubility of proteins with this long (29.0A) NHS-ester biotinylation reagent containing a pegylated, water-soluble spacer arm. (fishersci.no)
Applying this most popular biotinylation reagent, selective N-terminal biotinylation in the presence of lysine can be achieved by pH-control (pH ca. 6.5). (clinicaltrialsarena.com)
When using chemical biotinylation, a number of factors of the biotinylation reagent must be carefully considered and optimized, such as solubility, spacer arm length, and cleavability. (biologicscorp.com)
Solubility: The solubility of the biotinylation reagent can be modified (such as by adding a polyethylene glycol spacer arm) to access hydrophobic or hydrophilic regions within the target protein or antibody and influence its solubility. (biologicscorp.com)
An amine reactive, photocleavable biotinylation reagent. (clickchemistrytools.com)
A number of factors that must be carefully considered when determining the right biotinylation reagent to use, including solubility, spacer length, reversibility and Functional group. (axispharm.com)
4. A method for producing Cypridina luciferase wherein a sugar chain moiety has been biotinylated, comprising a step of introducing an aldehyde group in the sugar chain moiety by treating Cypridina luciferase having a sugar chain with a periodate salt and a step of subsequently reacting the aldehyde group in Cypridina luciferase having the sugar chain with a biotinylation reagent which selectively reacts with the aldehyde group. (freepatentsonline.com)
A standard method of antibody biotinylation involves using N-Hydroxysulfosuccinimide (NHS) esters of biotin as the biotinylation reagent. (news-medical.net)
NHS is the most popular type of reagent used, although it is possible to complete the biotinylation process with other kinds of reagents . (news-medical.net)

Enzymatic biotinylation can be carried out in vitro but BirA also reacts specifically with its target peptide inside mammalian and bacterial cells and at the cell surface, while other cellular proteins are not modified. (wikipedia.org)
Biotinylation is the process of attaching biotin to proteins and other macromolecules. (thermofisher.com)
Cleavable or reversible biotinylation reagents enable the specific elution of biotinylated molecules from biotin-binding proteins. (thermofisher.com)
Proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID), which detects physiologically relevant proteins based on the proximity-dependent biotinylation process, has been successfully used in different organisms. (frontiersin.org)
Two biotinylation-based methods, designed for determining the cell-surface expression and endocytic rate of proteins expressed at the plasma membrane, are presented in this report. (jove.com)
Here, we present detailed protocols for 2 methods that facilitate the study of such processes, both of which are based on the principle of the biotinylation of cell-surface proteins. (jove.com)
Chemical techniques for protein biotinylation lack reaction specificity and frequently inactivate the function of the target proteins. (creative-biolabs.com)
We have also established a mammalian in vivo protein biotinylation platform to produce BtAP fused with biotinylated proteins in mammalian cells. (creative-biolabs.com)
Activated biotin can covalently bind to many proteins/antibodies (also known as biotinylation) without significantly affecting their biological activities. (biologicscorp.com)
Chemical biotinylation are able to biotinylate primary amines in the side chains of lysine residues and the N-termini of proteins which results in multiple biotin attachment points and leads to high detection sensitivity. (biologicscorp.com)
Protein biotinylation consists in the covalent attachment of biotin to proteins. (bio-protocol.org)
Biotinylation is the process of modifying a biomolecule with biotin , a B vitamin also known as vitamin H. Currently, biotinylation of proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules is one of the most popular bioconjugation reactions used. (quantabiodesign.com)
Biotinylation is the process of attaching biotin to proteins, nucleic acids or other molecules. (massachusettschronicle.com)
Several proteins, including actin as well as two surface proteins identified by biotinylation studies, copurified with the fertilization tubules. (rupress.org)
Specific biotinylation of target proteins in virions was observed when molecular clones were co-expressed with BirA. (elsevier.com)

Enzymatic methods require the co-expression of bacterial biotin ligase and an exogenously expressed protein of interest that is modified to carry a biotin acceptor peptide, which provides a more uniform biotinylation than chemical methods and can be cell compartment specific. (thermofisher.com)
Schatz PJ (1993) Use of peptide libraries to map the substrate specificity of a peptide-modifying enzyme: a 13 residue consensus peptide specifies biotinylation in Escherichia coli . (springer.com)
Biotinylation of a bioactive peptide allows its detection, isolation, enrichment or purification by affinity capture, albeit the incorporation of a biotin label lowers the solubility of the target compound. (clinicaltrialsarena.com)
Enzymatic biotinylation allows biotin to be linked at a single residue present in the protein/antibody, but it requires co-expression of bacterial biotin and modified antibody/protein to carry the acceptor peptide (usually a 15 amino acid peptide, termed AviTag). (biologicscorp.com)
Strikingly, biotinylation of GnRH under denaturing conditions largely abolished O-acylation, indicating that the observed O-biotinylation was dependent on peptide conformation. (elsevier.com)

In addition, we investigated the effects of the two changes in the Pyc2 biotin domain (K1155R substitution and Q1178P/five-amino-acid extension) on the extent of biotinylation in vivo by Escherichia coli biotin ligase, and compared the biotinylation of peptides containing these changes with that of two different-length Pyc1 biotin-domain peptides. (portlandpress.com)
10 -10 M) and biotinylation of peptides is therefore an efficient method to specifically bind peptides to streptavidin coated surfaces. (pepscan.com)
Biotinylation of peptides can be performed either at the N- or C-terminus. (pepscan.com)
Besides building blocks for introducing the affinity tag including Fmoc-Lys(biotinyl)-OH coupled to Wang resin (D-2705), Bachem offers a vast choice of N-terminally biotinylated bioactive peptides as well as custom biotinylation. (clinicaltrialsarena.com)
In contrast, the biotinylation of selected peptides unrelated to GnRH under identical reaction conditions indicated no significant evidence of O- acylation of seryl residues. (elsevier.com)
Our platform employs phage genetically tagged for in vivo biotinylation during phage maturation that can easily be linked, through avidin, to any biotinylated affinity agent, including full-length antibodies, peptides, lectins or aptamers. (utmb.edu)

The One-Step Antibody Biotinylation Kit is optimized for the rapid and simple biotinylation of antibodies. (miltenyibiotec.com)
With the One-Step Antibody Biotinylation Kit, 10 μg of CD15 (A) and CD4 (B) antibodies were biotinylated as described. (miltenyibiotec.com)
The One-Step Antibody Biotinylation Kit has been developed for the biotinylation of monoclonal antibodies for use in magnetic cell separation (with MACS® Technology) as well as fluorescent cell analysis. (miltenyibiotec.com)
There is no one single accepted protocol for the biotinylation of antibodies. (news-medical.net)

As shown below, biocytin is longer than biotin, which makes the molecule useful in making long-chain biotinylation reagents. (thermofisher.com)

linkers that incorporate poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) can make water-insoluble reagents soluble or increase the solubility of biotinylation reagents that are already soluble to some extent. (wikipedia.org)
Amine-reactive biotinylation reagents can be divided into two groups based on water solubility. (wikipedia.org)
Besides functional group specificity, biotinylation reagents are available with different solubility characteristics to focus biotinylation to distinct microenvironments either inside or outside cells. (thermofisher.com)

This feature allows many useful biotinylation reagents to be created. (thermofisher.com)

Enzymatic biotinylation is most often carried out by E. coli biotin holoenzyme synthetase, also known as biotin ligase (BirA, P06709). (wikipedia.org)
Once tagged, the protein is then incubated with BirA allowing biotinylation to take place in the presence of biotin and ATP. (wikipedia.org)
Enzymatic biotinylation can also take place in vivo typically through the co-expression of an Avitag tagged protein and BirA. (wikipedia.org)
An ancestoral type enzyme AirID was designed from the sequence of biotinylation enzyme BirA of Escherichia coli by an ancestral enzyme reconstruction algorithm with metagenome data. (eurekalert.org)

NHS-coupling gives biotinylation of any primary amines in the protein). (wikipedia.org)
Biotinylation reagents are available for targeting specific functional groups or residues, including primary amines, sulfhydryls, carboxyls and carbohydrates. (thermofisher.com)
ProteoChem manufactures an assortment of biotinylation reagents that target various functional groups like primary amines, sulfhydryls (thiols), carboxyls, and carbohydrates. (proteochem.com)

Enzymatic biotinylation results in biotinylation of a specific lysine within a certain sequence by a bacterial biotin ligase. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, two new ligases termed TurboID and miniTurbo were developed using directed evolution of the BioID ligase and were able to produce robust biotinylation following a 10 min incubation with excess biotin. (mdpi.com)
However, there is reported concern about inducibility of biotinylation, cellular toxicity, and ligase stability. (mdpi.com)

Sulfo-NHS-LC-biotin is probably the most popular biotinylation currently available on the market. (timtec.net)

Biologics International Corp. (BIC) provides biotinylation service to label your custom protein or antibody for application in a diverse range of elegant and valuable experiments. (biologicscorp.com)

There are two main methods of antibody biotinylation, the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method, and the labeled streptavidin-biotin (LSAB) method, both of which are discussed in detail. (news-medical.net)
The basic method of antibody biotinylation can be split into two separate techniques relating to whether avidin or streptavidin interactions are utilized. (news-medical.net)

However, TurboID enabled robust biotinylation in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen compared to BioID. (mdpi.com)
Biotinylation identification (BioID) is a unique and sensitive new method to screen for protein-protein interactions in living cells. (massachusettschronicle.com)

Featured products include cell-surface protein biotinylation and purification kits, antibody labeling and new photo-reactive biotinylation reagents. (thermofisher.com)
Here, we describe an improved large-scale purification of multi-protein complexes in mouse embryonic stem cells by in vivo biotinylation, complemented with standard antibody and/or FLAG based affinity captures. (springer.com)
Wang J, Cantor AB, Orkin SH (2009) Tandem affinity purification of protein complexes in mouse embryonic stem cells using in vivo biotinylation. (springer.com)

ProteoChem s biotinylation reagents are offered as water soluble (Sulfo-NHS ester containing) or insoluble varieties. (proteochem.com)
A water-soluble activated ester for biotinylation of primary amine-containing molecules. (clickchemistrytools.com)

Most chemical biotinylation reagents consist of a reactive group attached via a linker to the valeric acid side chain of biotin. (wikipedia.org)
As the biotin binding pocket in avidin / streptavidin is buried beneath the protein surface, biotinylation reagents possessing a longer linker are desirable, as they enable the biotin molecule, once it has been attached to its target, to be more accessible to binding avidin/streptavidin/Neutravidin protein. (wikipedia.org)
Biotinylation reagents along with LC linker (amino caproic acid) are a good illustration of dPEG excellent performance in comparison to its analog. (timtec.net)
Traditional biotinylation involves either the direct coupling of biotin to a target molecule or the coupling of biotin to a spacer molecule such as lysine (forming biocytin ), aminocaproic acid, an aliphatic diamine ( e.g., butylene diamine, hexylene diamine), or some similar linker, followed by coupling of the biotin-spacer conjugate to the biomolecule of interest. (quantabiodesign.com)

In biochemistry, biotinylation is the process of covalently attaching biotin to a protein, nucleic acid or other molecule. (wikipedia.org)
Biotinylation is rapid, specific and is unlikely to disturb the natural function of the molecule due to the small size of biotin (MW = 244.31 g/mol). (wikipedia.org)
Appropriate biotinylation of the target molecule is essential to ensure high binding efficiency to streptavidin or Immobilized Streptavidin . (proteochem.com)
The term biotinylation refers to the process of binding biotin to either a protein or a nucleic acid , or in some cases to another type of molecule. (news-medical.net)
The process of biotinylation is fast, and because the molecule is relatively small, its attachment to an antibody is not thought to significantly impact its normal functioning. (news-medical.net)

These studies provide unambiguous evidence that biotinylation is a natural, albeit rare, histone modification. (nih.gov)
biotinylation of lysine-12 in histone H4 (K12BioH4) causes gene repression. (nih.gov)
Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of the vitamin biotin to histones H3 and H4, thereby creating rare histone biotinylation marks in the epigenome. (nebraska.edu)

Biotinylation of BCCP (biotin carboxyl carrier protein) is very important in fatty acid biosynthesis. (massachusettschronicle.com)

Kinase-catalyzed biotinylation for phosphoprotein detection. (nih.gov)
Biotinylation has been widely used in many detection systems. (massachusettschronicle.com)

Biotinylation reagents are widely used to enable the isolation, separation, concentration and further downstream processing or analysis of biomolecules. (proteochem.com)

Chemical biotinylation utilises various conjugation chemistries to yield nonspecific biotinylation of amines, carboxylates, sulfhydryls and carbohydrates (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
Conjugation of the between target protein or antibody and biotin is most commonly performed by using one of two different methods, i.e. enzymatic biotinylation and chemical biotinylation. (biologicscorp.com)

Biotinylation basically creates a strong affinity between the biotin on the cytokine-specific antibody and the streptavidin on the conjugate. (wikipedia.org)

In contrast to chemical biotinylation methods, enzymatic biotinylation allows biotin to be linked at exactly one residue present in the protein. (wikipedia.org)
Mass spectrometric analyses established the stoichiometry of biotinylation and confirmed that substantial O-biotinylation of residue Ser 4 , and to a minor extent Tyr 5 , of GnRH and the two analogs had occurred. (elsevier.com)

Intracellular biotinylation was reduced when cells were treated with sulfo-NHS-LC-biotin (biotin attached to a reactive NHS ester with an aminocaproic acid spacer) or sulfo-NHS-PEO 12 -biotin [biotin attached to a reactive NHS ester with a poly(ethylene glycol) spacer], but the reduction could be explained by the lower reactivity of these reagents. (biochemj.org)

Biotinylation, also called biotin labeling, is most commonly performed through chemical means, although enzymatic methods are also available. (thermofisher.com)
However, the conventional labeling period requires 15-18 h for robust biotinylation which may not be ideal for some applications. (mdpi.com)
For TurboID we observed signs of protein instability, persistent biotinylation in the absence of exogenous biotin, and an increase in the practical labeling radius. (mdpi.com)

Chemical methods provide greater flexibility in the type of biotinylation needed than enzymatic approaches and can be performed both in vitro and in vivo . (thermofisher.com)

The K1155R substitution had very little effect on biotinylation, but the five-amino-acid C-terminal extension to Pyc2 and the N-terminal extension to Pycl both improved biotinylation in vivo. (portlandpress.com)
Biotinylation at the N-terminus can be performed directly to the primary-terminal amino group, whereas biotinylation is usually performed at the ε-amino group of an (extra) C-terminal lysine. (pepscan.com)

Because of the hydrophobicity of NHS-esters, NHS biotinylation reagents can also diffuse through the cell membrane, meaning that they will biotinylate both internal and external components of a cell. (wikipedia.org)
In order to efficiently biotinylate a sample, biotinylation solution should be used at a 15-fold molar excess over the amount of amine-containing protein. (tcichemicals.com)

performed proximity biotinylation assays in murine Schwann cells with wild-type and various mutant forms of Merlin that could not associate with the plasma membrane or were locked in different conformations. (sciencemag.org)

The occurrence of O-acylation during biotinylation of gonadotropin- releasing hormone and analogs. (elsevier.com)

Using this device, we will optimize the mechanical stimulation (thefrequency, the magnitude and the duration of substrate stretch) based on cell morphology, the organization ofthe actin cytoskeleton, and the extent of biotinylation. (elsevier.com)

Further improvement of biotinylation enzymes is an important goal for enhancing the convenience of proximity biotinylation in cells. (eurekalert.org)
Kim J, Cantor AB, Orkin SH, Wang J (2009) Use of in vivo biotinylation to study protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions in mouse embryonic stem cells. (springer.com)
When the R domain of CFTR was expressed in the cytosol of BHK (baby-hamster kidney) cells as a soluble polypeptide it was also labelled after surface biotinylation and pulled down on streptavidin beads. (biochemj.org)
These results suggest that there is weak surface expression of immature ΔF508-CFTR on airway epithelial cells and demonstrate the need to remove permeable cells when studying CFTR glycoforms by surface biotinylation. (biochemj.org)

In this research, we designed ancestral biotinylation enzymes using an ancestral enzyme reconstruction algorithm and metagenome data. (eurekalert.org)
Thus, the lower activity of MCCase in leaves is attributed to the reduced biotinylation of the biotin-containing subunit of the enzyme. (plantphysiol.org)
Our ReadiLink™ Protein Biotinylation Kit is optimized for the preparation of biotin-labeled IgG for enzyme immunoassay (EIA). (aatbio.com)

Here we used molecular modelling to produce a range of ligand binding domain (LBD) point mutants of GluK1-3 KAR subunits with and without altered agonist efficacy to further investigate the role of glutamate binding in surface trafficking and activation of homomeric and heteromeric KARs using endoglycosidase digestion, cell surface biotinylation and imaging of changes in intracellular Ca 2+ concentration [Ca 2+ ] i . (springer.com)
We have determined the distribution of NHE1 by means of immunofluorescence microscopy and cell-surface biotinylation. (biochemj.org)

AxisPharm provide a wide range of biotinylation reagents with various functional groups. (axispharm.com)

ET-1 did not alter total or plasma membrane-localized TRPC3, as determined using surface biotinylation. (ahajournals.org)

At BIC, we offer both methods of biotinylation (AviTagTM technology and chemical biotinylation). (biologicscorp.com)
New York, USA - October 23, 2020 - Recently, BOC Sciences, a New York-based chemical and pharmaceutical supplier, announced to launch a new biotinylation technology platform for the scientific community. (massachusettschronicle.com)

This biotinylation reaction can also go to completion, meaning that the product is generated with high uniformity and can be linked to streptavidin in a defined orientation e.g. for MHC multimers. (wikipedia.org)
Reaction of the biotinylated derivatives with hydroxylamine indicated that significant O-biotinylation had occurred. (elsevier.com)

We conclude that physical interactions between HCS and EHMT1 mediate epigenomic synergies between biotinylation and methylation events. (nebraska.edu)

One such approach relies on in vivo biotinylation of a protein of interest and subsequent pull-down of its interacting partners using streptavidin-conjugated agarose beads. (springer.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms7

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs32

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Phenomena and Processes14

Information Science2

A single membrane-embedded negative charge is critical for recognizing positively charged drugs by the Escherichia coli multidrug resistance protein MdfA. (1/1806)

Comparison of the backbone dynamics of the apo- and holo-carboxy-terminal domain of the biotin carboxyl carrier subunit of Escherichia coli acetyl-CoA carboxylase. (2/1806)

Streptavidin facilitates internalization and pulmonary targeting of an anti-endothelial cell antibody (platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1): a strategy for vascular immunotargeting of drugs. (3/1806)

Molecular biology of biotin attachment to proteins. (4/1806)

Human biotinidase isn't just for recycling biotin. (5/1806)

Treatment of mouse oocytes with PI-PLC releases 70-kDa (pI 5) and 35- to 45-kDa (pI 5.5) protein clusters from the egg surface and inhibits sperm-oolemma binding and fusion. (6/1806)

Critical relationship between glycosylation of recombinant lutropin receptor ectodomain and its secretion from baculovirus-infected insect cells. (7/1806)

Characterization of the internalization pathways for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. (8/1806)

Biotinylation

Biotin

Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases

Biotinidase

Streptavidin

Avidin

Fatty Acid Synthase, Type II

Cell Membrane

Methylmalonyl-CoA Decarboxylase

Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency

Protein Transport

Cell Line

Carboxyl and Carbamoyl Transferases

Carbon-Carbon Ligases

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase

Epigenetic Repression

Amino Acid Sequence

Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency

Molecular Sequence Data

Carbonic Anhydrase I

Endocytosis

Lysine

Membrane Proteins

Histones

Succinimides

Pyruvate Carboxylase

Symporters

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Escherichia coli Proteins

Protein Binding

Biological Transport

HEK293 Cells

Repressor Proteins

Cell Polarity

Transfection

Glycosylation

Protein Processing, Post-Translational

Protein Structure, Tertiary

Microscopy, Confocal

Cricetinae

Blotting, Western

Dogs

Cells, Cultured

Immunoprecipitation

Staining and Labeling

Pyrococcus horikoshii

Mass Spectrometry

Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins

Kidney Tubules, Collecting

CHO Cells

Membrane Transport Proteins

Carrier Proteins

Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 1

Epithelial Sodium Channels

Propionibacterium

Magnetospirillum

Escherichia coli

Microscopy, Fluorescence

Mutation

Binding Sites

Epithelial Cells

Carboxy-Lyases

Jurkat Cells

Mutagenesis, Site-Directed

Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator

Recombinant Proteins

Opossums

Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins

Kidney

Caco-2 Cells

Brefeldin A

Immunoblotting

Chromatography, Affinity

Cysteine

Bacterial Proteins

A single membrane-embedded negative charge is critical for recognizing positively charged drugs by the Escherichia coli multidrug resistance protein MdfA. (1/1806)

Comparison of the backbone dynamics of the apo- and holo-carboxy-terminal domain of the biotin carboxyl carrier subunit of Escherichia coli acetyl-CoA carboxylase. (2/1806)

Streptavidin facilitates internalization and pulmonary targeting of an anti-endothelial cell antibody (platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1): a strategy for vascular immunotargeting of drugs. (3/1806)

Molecular biology of biotin attachment to proteins. (4/1806)

Human biotinidase isn't just for recycling biotin. (5/1806)

$Gentaur Molecular :MarkerGene \ MarkerGeneTM Biotin X Antibody Protein Labeling Kit, For efficient biotinylation of antibodies...$ Gentaur Molecular :MarkerGene \ MarkerGeneTM Biotin X Antibody Protein Labeling Kit, For efficient biotinylation of antibodies...

$Gentaur Molecular :Kamiya \ TLR9, biotinylated 5G5 \ MC-192$ Gentaur Molecular :Kamiya \ TLR9, biotinylated 5G5 \ MC-192