The study of PHYSICAL PHENOMENA and PHYSICAL PROCESSES as applied to living things.
The physical characteristics and processes of biological systems.
Physical forces and actions in living things.
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.
The study of the composition, chemical structures, and chemical reactions of living things.
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.
A computer simulation developed to study the motion of molecules over a period of time.
Processes involved in the formation of TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE.
Layers of lipid molecules which are two molecules thick. Bilayer systems are frequently studied as models of biological membranes.
The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.
The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Calculation of a Gap restoration in the membrane skeleton of the red blood cell: possible role for myosin II in local repair. (1/6267)

Human red blood cells contain all of the elements involved in the formation of nonmuscle actomyosin II complexes (V. M. Fowler. 1986. J. Cell. Biochem. 31:1-9; 1996. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 8:86-96). No clear function has yet been attributed to these complexes. Using a mathematical model for the structure of the red blood cell spectrin skeleton (M. J. Saxton. 1992. J. Theor. Biol. 155:517-536), we have explored a possible role for myosin II bipolar minifilaments in the restoration of the membrane skeleton, which may be locally damaged by major mechanical or chemical stress. We propose that the establishment of stable links between distant antiparallel actin protofilaments after a local myosin II activation may initiate the repair of the disrupted area. We show that it is possible to define conditions in which the calculated number of myosin II minifilaments bound to actin protofilaments is consistent with the estimated number of myosin II minifilaments present in the red blood cells. A clear restoration effect can be observed when more than 50% of the spectrin polymers of a defined area are disrupted. It corresponds to a significant increase in the spectrin density in the protein free region of the membrane. This may be involved in a more complex repair process of the red blood cell membrane, which includes the vesiculation of the bilayer and the compaction of the disassembled spectrin network.  (+info)

Free energy landscapes of encounter complexes in protein-protein association. (2/6267)

We report the computer generation of a high-density map of the thermodynamic properties of the diffusion-accessible encounter conformations of four receptor-ligand protein pairs, and use it to study the electrostatic and desolvation components of the free energy of association. Encounter complex conformations are generated by sampling the translational/rotational space of the ligand around the receptor, both at 5-A and zero surface-to-surface separations. We find that partial desolvation is always an important effect, and it becomes dominant for complexes in which one of the reactants is neutral or weakly charged. The interaction provides a slowly varying attractive force over a small but significant region of the molecular surface. In complexes with no strong charge complementarity this region surrounds the binding site, and the orientation of the ligand in the encounter conformation with the lowest desolvation free energy is similar to the one observed in the fully formed complex. Complexes with strong opposite charges exhibit two types of behavior. In the first group, represented by barnase/barstar, electrostatics exerts strong orientational steering toward the binding site, and desolvation provides some added adhesion within the local region of low electrostatic energy. In the second group, represented by the complex of kallikrein and pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, the overall stability results from the rather nonspecific electrostatic attraction, whereas the affinity toward the binding region is determined by desolvation interactions.  (+info)

Solid-state NMR and hydrogen-deuterium exchange in a bilayer-solubilized peptide: structural and mechanistic implications. (3/6267)

Hydrogen-deuterium exchange has been monitored by solid-state NMR to investigate the structure of gramicidin M in a lipid bilayer and to investigate the mechanisms for polypeptide insertion into a lipid bilayer. Through exchange it is possible to observe 15N-2H dipolar interactions in oriented samples that yield precise structural constraints. In separate experiments the pulse sequence SFAM was used to measure dipolar distances in this structure, showing that the dimer is antiparallel. The combined use of orientational and distance constraints is shown to be a powerful structural approach. By monitoring the hydrogen-deuterium exchange at different stages in the insertion of peptides into a bilayer environment it is shown that dimeric gramicidin is inserted into the bilayer intact, i.e., without separating into monomer units. The exchange mechanism is investigated for various sites and support for a relayed imidic acid mechanism is presented. Both acid and base catalyzed mechanisms may be operable. The nonexchangeable sites clearly define a central core to which water is inaccessible or hydroxide or hydronium ion is not even momentarily stable. This provides strong evidence that this is a nonconducting state.  (+info)

Molecular dynamics on a model for nascent high-density lipoprotein: role of salt bridges. (4/6267)

The results of an all-atom molecular dynamics simulation on a discoidal complex made of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and a synthetic alpha-helical 18-mer peptide with an apolipoprotein-like charge distribution are presented. The system consists of 12 acetyl-18A-amide (Ac-18A-NH2) (. J. Biol. Chem. 260:10248-10255) molecules and 20 molecules of POPC in a bilayer, 10 in each leaflet, solvated in a sphere of water for a total of 28,522 atoms. The peptide molecules are oriented with their long axes normal to the bilayer (the "picket fence" orientation). This system is analogous to complexes formed in nascent high-density lipoprotein and to Ac-18A-NH2/phospholipid complexes observed experimentally. The simulation extended over 700 ps, with the last 493 ps used for analysis. The symmetry of this system allows for averaging over different helices to improve sampling, while maintaining explicit all-atom representation of all peptides. The complex is stable on the simulated time scale. Several possible salt bridges between and within helices were studied. A few salt bridge formations and disruptions were observed. Salt bridges provide specificity in interhelical interactions.  (+info)

Molecular dynamics study of substance P peptides in a biphasic membrane mimic. (5/6267)

Two neuropeptides, substance P (SP) and SP-tyrosine-8 (SP-Y8), have been studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in a TIP3P water/CCl4 biphasic solvent system as a mimic for the water-membrane system. Initially, distance restraints derived from NMR nuclear Overhauser enhancements (NOE) were incorporated in the restrained MD (RMD) in the equilibration stage of the simulation. The starting orientation/position of the peptides for the MD simulation was either parallel to the water/CCl4 interface or in a perpendicular/insertion mode. In both cases the peptides equilibrated and adopted a near-parallel orientation within approximately 250 ps. After equilibration, the conformation and orientation of the peptides, the solvation of both the backbone and the side chain of the residues, hydrogen bonding, and the dynamics of the peptides were analyzed from trajectories obtained in the RMD or the subsequent free MD (where the NOE restraints were removed). These analyses showed that the peptide backbone of nearly all residues are either solvated by water or are hydrogen-bonded. This is seen to be an important factor against the insertion mode of interaction. Most of the interactions with the hydrophobic phase come from the hydrophobic interactions of the side chains of Pro-4, Phe-7, Phe-8, Leu-10, and Met-11 for SP, and Phe-7, Leu-10, Met-11 and, to a lesser extent, Tyr-8 in SP-Y8. Concerted conformational transitions took place in the time frame of hundreds of picoseconds. The concertedness of the transition was due to the tendency of the peptide to maintain the necessary secondary structure to position the peptide properly with respect to the water/CCl4 interface.  (+info)

Molecular dynamics study of substance P peptides partitioned in a sodium dodecylsulfate micelle. (6/6267)

Two neuropeptides, substance P (SP) and SP-tyrosine-8 (SP-Y8), have been studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in an explicit sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) micelle. Initially, distance restraints derived from NMR nuclear Overhauser enhancements (NOE) were incorporated in the restrained MD (RMD) during the equilibration stage of the simulation. It was shown that when SP-Y8 was initially placed in an insertion (perpendicular) configuration, the peptide equilibrated to a surface-bound (parallel) configuration in approximately 450 ps. After equilibration, the conformation and orientation of the peptides, the solvation of both the backbone and the side chain of the residues, hydrogen bonding, and the dynamics of the peptides were analyzed from trajectories obtained from the RMD or the subsequent free MD (where the NOE restraints were removed). These analyses showed that the peptide backbones of all residues are either solvated by water or are hydrogen-bonded. This is seen to be an important factor against the insertion mode of interaction. Most of the interactions come from the hydrophobic interaction between the side chains of Lys-3, Pro-4, Phe-7, Phe-8, Leu-10, and Met-11 for SP, from Lys-3, Phe-7, Leu-10, and Met-11 in SP-Y8, and the micellar interior. Significant interactions, electrostatic and hydrogen bonding, between the N-terminal residues, Arg-Pro-Lys, and the micellar headgroups were observed. These latter interactions served to affect both the structure and, especially, the flexibility, of the N-terminus. The results from simulation of the same peptides in a water/CCl4 biphasic cell were compared with the results of the present study, and the validity of using the biphasic system as an approximation for peptide-micelle or peptide-bilayer systems is discussed.  (+info)

Charge pairing of headgroups in phosphatidylcholine membranes: A molecular dynamics simulation study. (7/6267)

Molecular dynamics simulation of the hydrated dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayer membrane in the liquid-crystalline phase was carried out for 5 ns to study the interaction among DMPC headgroups in the membrane/water interface region. The phosphatidylcholine headgroup contains a positively charged choline group and negatively charged phosphate and carbonyl groups, although it is a neutral molecule as a whole. Our previous study (Pasenkiewicz-Gierula, M., Y. Takaoka, H. Miyagawa, K. Kitamura, and A. Kusumi. 1997. J. Phys. Chem. 101:3677-3691) showed the formation of water cross-bridges between negatively charged groups in which a water molecule is simultaneously hydrogen bonded to two DMPC molecules. Water bridges link 76% of DMPC molecules in the membrane. In the present study we show that relatively stable charge associations (charge pairs) are formed between the positively and negatively charged groups of two DMPC molecules. Charge pairs link 93% of DMPC molecules in the membrane. Water bridges and charge pairs together form an extended network of interactions among DMPC headgroups linking 98% of all membrane phospholipids. The average lifetimes of DMPC-DMPC associations via charge pairs, water bridges and both, are at least 730, 1400, and over 1500 ps, respectively. However, these associations are dynamic states and they break and re-form several times during their lifetime.  (+info)

Pathways of electron transfer in Escherichia coli DNA photolyase: Trp306 to FADH. (8/6267)

We describe the results of a series of theoretical calculations of electron transfer pathways between Trp306 and *FADH. in the Escherichia coli DNA photolyase molecule, using the method of interatomic tunneling currents. It is found that there are two conformationally orthogonal tryptophans, Trp359 and Trp382, between donor and acceptor that play a crucial role in the pathways of the electron transfer process. The pathways depend vitally on the aromaticity of tryptophans and the flavin molecule. The results of this calculation suggest that the major pathway of the electron transfer is due to a set of overlapping orthogonal pi-rings, which starts from the donor Trp306, runs through Trp359 and Trp382, and finally reaches the flavin group of the acceptor complex, FADH.  (+info)

Biophysics is a interdisciplinary field that combines the principles and methods of physics with those of biology to study biological systems and phenomena. It involves the use of physical theories, models, and techniques to understand and explain the properties, functions, and behaviors of living organisms and their constituents, such as cells, proteins, and DNA.

Biophysics can be applied to various areas of biology, including molecular biology, cell biology, neuroscience, and physiology. It can help elucidate the mechanisms of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels, such as protein folding, ion transport, enzyme kinetics, gene expression, and signal transduction. Biophysical methods can also be used to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools for medical applications, such as medical imaging, drug delivery, and gene therapy.

Examples of biophysical techniques include X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and computational modeling. These methods allow researchers to probe the structure, dynamics, and interactions of biological molecules and systems with high precision and resolution, providing insights into their functions and behaviors.

Biophysical phenomena refer to the observable events and processes that occur in living organisms, which can be explained and studied using the principles and methods of physics. These phenomena can include a wide range of biological processes at various levels of organization, from molecular interactions to whole-organism behaviors. Examples of biophysical phenomena include the mechanics of muscle contraction, the electrical activity of neurons, the transport of molecules across cell membranes, and the optical properties of biological tissues. By applying physical theories and techniques to the study of living systems, biophysicists seek to better understand the fundamental principles that govern life and to develop new approaches for diagnosing and treating diseases.

Biophysical processes refer to the physical mechanisms and phenomena that occur within living organisms and their constituent parts, such as cells, tissues, and organs. These processes are governed by the principles of physics and chemistry and play a critical role in maintaining life and enabling biological functions. Examples of biophysical processes include:

1. Diffusion: The passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, which enables the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between cells and their environment.
2. Osmosis: The diffusion of solvent molecules (usually water) across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. This process is critical for maintaining cell volume and hydration.
3. Electrochemical gradients: The distribution of ions and charged particles across a membrane, which generates an electrical potential that can drive the movement of molecules and ions across the membrane. This process plays a crucial role in nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction.
4. Enzyme kinetics: The study of how enzymes catalyze chemical reactions within cells, including the rate of reaction, substrate affinity, and inhibition or activation by other molecules.
5. Cell signaling: The communication between cells through the release and detection of signaling molecules, which can trigger a variety of responses, such as cell division, differentiation, or apoptosis.
6. Mechanical forces: The physical forces exerted by cells and tissues, such as tension, compression, and shear stress, which play a critical role in development, maintenance, and repair of biological structures.
7. Thermodynamics: The study of energy flow and transformation within living systems, including the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work, heat, or electrical signals.

Understanding biophysical processes is essential for gaining insights into the fundamental mechanisms that underlie life and disease, as well as for developing new diagnostic tools and therapies.

Biological models, also known as physiological models or organismal models, are simplified representations of biological systems, processes, or mechanisms that are used to understand and explain the underlying principles and relationships. These models can be theoretical (conceptual or mathematical) or physical (such as anatomical models, cell cultures, or animal models). They are widely used in biomedical research to study various phenomena, including disease pathophysiology, drug action, and therapeutic interventions.

Examples of biological models include:

1. Mathematical models: These use mathematical equations and formulas to describe complex biological systems or processes, such as population dynamics, metabolic pathways, or gene regulation networks. They can help predict the behavior of these systems under different conditions and test hypotheses about their underlying mechanisms.
2. Cell cultures: These are collections of cells grown in a controlled environment, typically in a laboratory dish or flask. They can be used to study cellular processes, such as signal transduction, gene expression, or metabolism, and to test the effects of drugs or other treatments on these processes.
3. Animal models: These are living organisms, usually vertebrates like mice, rats, or non-human primates, that are used to study various aspects of human biology and disease. They can provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of diseases, the mechanisms of drug action, and the safety and efficacy of new therapies.
4. Anatomical models: These are physical representations of biological structures or systems, such as plastic models of organs or tissues, that can be used for educational purposes or to plan surgical procedures. They can also serve as a basis for developing more sophisticated models, such as computer simulations or 3D-printed replicas.

Overall, biological models play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of biology and medicine, helping to identify new targets for therapeutic intervention, develop novel drugs and treatments, and improve human health.

A computer simulation is a process that involves creating a model of a real-world system or phenomenon on a computer and then using that model to run experiments and make predictions about how the system will behave under different conditions. In the medical field, computer simulations are used for a variety of purposes, including:

1. Training and education: Computer simulations can be used to create realistic virtual environments where medical students and professionals can practice their skills and learn new procedures without risk to actual patients. For example, surgeons may use simulation software to practice complex surgical techniques before performing them on real patients.
2. Research and development: Computer simulations can help medical researchers study the behavior of biological systems at a level of detail that would be difficult or impossible to achieve through experimental methods alone. By creating detailed models of cells, tissues, organs, or even entire organisms, researchers can use simulation software to explore how these systems function and how they respond to different stimuli.
3. Drug discovery and development: Computer simulations are an essential tool in modern drug discovery and development. By modeling the behavior of drugs at a molecular level, researchers can predict how they will interact with their targets in the body and identify potential side effects or toxicities. This information can help guide the design of new drugs and reduce the need for expensive and time-consuming clinical trials.
4. Personalized medicine: Computer simulations can be used to create personalized models of individual patients based on their unique genetic, physiological, and environmental characteristics. These models can then be used to predict how a patient will respond to different treatments and identify the most effective therapy for their specific condition.

Overall, computer simulations are a powerful tool in modern medicine, enabling researchers and clinicians to study complex systems and make predictions about how they will behave under a wide range of conditions. By providing insights into the behavior of biological systems at a level of detail that would be difficult or impossible to achieve through experimental methods alone, computer simulations are helping to advance our understanding of human health and disease.

Biochemistry is the branch of science that deals with the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms. It involves studying the structures, functions, and interactions of biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, and how they work together to carry out cellular functions. Biochemistry also investigates the chemical reactions that transform energy and matter within cells, including metabolic pathways, signal transduction, and gene expression. Understanding biochemical processes is essential for understanding the functioning of biological systems and has important applications in medicine, agriculture, and environmental science.

Proteins are complex, large molecules that play critical roles in the body's functions. They are made up of amino acids, which are organic compounds that are the building blocks of proteins. Proteins are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs. They are essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues, and they play a crucial role in many biological processes, including metabolism, immune response, and cellular signaling. Proteins can be classified into different types based on their structure and function, such as enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and structural proteins. They are found in various foods, especially animal-derived products like meat, dairy, and eggs, as well as plant-based sources like beans, nuts, and grains.

Molecular models are three-dimensional representations of molecular structures that are used in the field of molecular biology and chemistry to visualize and understand the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds within a molecule. These models can be physical or computer-generated and allow researchers to study the shape, size, and behavior of molecules, which is crucial for understanding their function and interactions with other molecules.

Physical molecular models are often made up of balls (representing atoms) connected by rods or sticks (representing bonds). These models can be constructed manually using materials such as plastic or wooden balls and rods, or they can be created using 3D printing technology.

Computer-generated molecular models, on the other hand, are created using specialized software that allows researchers to visualize and manipulate molecular structures in three dimensions. These models can be used to simulate molecular interactions, predict molecular behavior, and design new drugs or chemicals with specific properties. Overall, molecular models play a critical role in advancing our understanding of molecular structures and their functions.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "thermodynamics" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. It is a branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy. However, the principles of thermodynamics can be applied to biological systems, including those in the human body, such as in the study of metabolism or muscle function. But in a medical context, "thermodynamics" would not be a term used independently as a diagnosis, treatment, or any medical condition.

An algorithm is not a medical term, but rather a concept from computer science and mathematics. In the context of medicine, algorithms are often used to describe step-by-step procedures for diagnosing or managing medical conditions. These procedures typically involve a series of rules or decision points that help healthcare professionals make informed decisions about patient care.

For example, an algorithm for diagnosing a particular type of heart disease might involve taking a patient's medical history, performing a physical exam, ordering certain diagnostic tests, and interpreting the results in a specific way. By following this algorithm, healthcare professionals can ensure that they are using a consistent and evidence-based approach to making a diagnosis.

Algorithms can also be used to guide treatment decisions. For instance, an algorithm for managing diabetes might involve setting target blood sugar levels, recommending certain medications or lifestyle changes based on the patient's individual needs, and monitoring the patient's response to treatment over time.

Overall, algorithms are valuable tools in medicine because they help standardize clinical decision-making and ensure that patients receive high-quality care based on the latest scientific evidence.

Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation is a computational method used in the field of molecular modeling and molecular physics. It involves simulating the motions and interactions of atoms and molecules over time, based on classical mechanics or quantum mechanics. In MD simulations, the equations of motion for each atom are repeatedly solved, allowing researchers to study the dynamic behavior of molecular systems, such as protein folding, ligand-protein binding, and chemical reactions. These simulations provide valuable insights into the structural and functional properties of biological macromolecules at the atomic level, and have become an essential tool in modern drug discovery and development.

Protein folding is the process by which a protein molecule naturally folds into its three-dimensional structure, following the synthesis of its amino acid chain. This complex process is determined by the sequence and properties of the amino acids, as well as various environmental factors such as temperature, pH, and the presence of molecular chaperones. The final folded conformation of a protein is crucial for its proper function, as it enables the formation of specific interactions between different parts of the molecule, which in turn define its biological activity. Protein misfolding can lead to various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

A lipid bilayer is a thin membrane made up of two layers of lipid molecules, primarily phospholipids. The hydrophilic (water-loving) heads of the lipids face outwards, coming into contact with watery environments on both sides, while the hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails point inward, away from the aqueous surroundings. This unique structure allows lipid bilayers to form a stable barrier that controls the movement of molecules and ions in and out of cells and organelles, thus playing a crucial role in maintaining cellular compartmentalization and homeostasis.

A cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a thin semi-permeable phospholipid bilayer that surrounds all cells in animals, plants, and microorganisms. It functions as a barrier to control the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing necessary molecules such as nutrients, oxygen, and signaling molecules to enter while keeping out harmful substances and waste products. The cell membrane is composed mainly of phospholipids, which have hydrophilic (water-loving) heads and hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails. This unique structure allows the membrane to be flexible and fluid, yet selectively permeable. Additionally, various proteins are embedded in the membrane that serve as channels, pumps, receptors, and enzymes, contributing to the cell's overall functionality and communication with its environment.

Medical definitions of water generally describe it as a colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for all forms of life. It is a universal solvent, making it an excellent medium for transporting nutrients and waste products within the body. Water constitutes about 50-70% of an individual's body weight, depending on factors such as age, sex, and muscle mass.

In medical terms, water has several important functions in the human body:

1. Regulation of body temperature through perspiration and respiration.
2. Acting as a lubricant for joints and tissues.
3. Facilitating digestion by helping to break down food particles.
4. Transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body.
5. Helping to maintain healthy skin and mucous membranes.
6. Assisting in the regulation of various bodily functions, such as blood pressure and heart rate.

Dehydration can occur when an individual does not consume enough water or loses too much fluid due to illness, exercise, or other factors. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including dry mouth, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion. Severe dehydration can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Protein conformation refers to the specific three-dimensional shape that a protein molecule assumes due to the spatial arrangement of its constituent amino acid residues and their associated chemical groups. This complex structure is determined by several factors, including covalent bonds (disulfide bridges), hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and ionic bonds, which help stabilize the protein's unique conformation.

Protein conformations can be broadly classified into two categories: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures. The primary structure represents the linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. The secondary structure arises from local interactions between adjacent amino acid residues, leading to the formation of recurring motifs such as α-helices and β-sheets. Tertiary structure refers to the overall three-dimensional folding pattern of a single polypeptide chain, while quaternary structure describes the spatial arrangement of multiple folded polypeptide chains (subunits) that interact to form a functional protein complex.

Understanding protein conformation is crucial for elucidating protein function, as the specific three-dimensional shape of a protein directly influences its ability to interact with other molecules, such as ligands, nucleic acids, or other proteins. Any alterations in protein conformation due to genetic mutations, environmental factors, or chemical modifications can lead to loss of function, misfolding, aggregation, and disease states like neurodegenerative disorders and cancer.

In the context of medicine and pharmacology, "kinetics" refers to the study of how a drug moves throughout the body, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (often abbreviated as ADME). This field is called "pharmacokinetics."

1. Absorption: This is the process of a drug moving from its site of administration into the bloodstream. Factors such as the route of administration (e.g., oral, intravenous, etc.), formulation, and individual physiological differences can affect absorption.

2. Distribution: Once a drug is in the bloodstream, it gets distributed throughout the body to various tissues and organs. This process is influenced by factors like blood flow, protein binding, and lipid solubility of the drug.

3. Metabolism: Drugs are often chemically modified in the body, typically in the liver, through processes known as metabolism. These changes can lead to the formation of active or inactive metabolites, which may then be further distributed, excreted, or undergo additional metabolic transformations.

4. Excretion: This is the process by which drugs and their metabolites are eliminated from the body, primarily through the kidneys (urine) and the liver (bile).

Understanding the kinetics of a drug is crucial for determining its optimal dosing regimen, potential interactions with other medications or foods, and any necessary adjustments for special populations like pediatric or geriatric patients, or those with impaired renal or hepatic function.

Biomechanics is the application of mechanical laws to living structures and systems, particularly in the field of medicine and healthcare. A biomechanical phenomenon refers to a observable event or occurrence that involves the interaction of biological tissues or systems with mechanical forces. These phenomena can be studied at various levels, from the molecular and cellular level to the tissue, organ, and whole-body level.

Examples of biomechanical phenomena include:

1. The way that bones and muscles work together to produce movement (known as joint kinematics).
2. The mechanical behavior of biological tissues such as bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments under various loads and stresses.
3. The response of cells and tissues to mechanical stimuli, such as the way that bone tissue adapts to changes in loading conditions (known as Wolff's law).
4. The biomechanics of injury and disease processes, such as the mechanisms of joint injury or the development of osteoarthritis.
5. The use of mechanical devices and interventions to treat medical conditions, such as orthopedic implants or assistive devices for mobility impairments.

Understanding biomechanical phenomena is essential for developing effective treatments and prevention strategies for a wide range of medical conditions, from musculoskeletal injuries to neurological disorders.

Nucleic acid conformation refers to the three-dimensional structure that nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) adopt as a result of the bonding patterns between the atoms within the molecule. The primary structure of nucleic acids is determined by the sequence of nucleotides, while the conformation is influenced by factors such as the sugar-phosphate backbone, base stacking, and hydrogen bonding.

Two common conformations of DNA are the B-form and the A-form. The B-form is a right-handed helix with a diameter of about 20 Å and a pitch of 34 Å, while the A-form has a smaller diameter (about 18 Å) and a shorter pitch (about 25 Å). RNA typically adopts an A-form conformation.

The conformation of nucleic acids can have significant implications for their function, as it can affect their ability to interact with other molecules such as proteins or drugs. Understanding the conformational properties of nucleic acids is therefore an important area of research in molecular biology and medicine.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material present in the cells of organisms where it is responsible for the storage and transmission of hereditary information. DNA is a long molecule that consists of two strands coiled together to form a double helix. Each strand is made up of a series of four nucleotide bases - adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) - that are linked together by phosphate and sugar groups. The sequence of these bases along the length of the molecule encodes genetic information, with A always pairing with T and C always pairing with G. This base-pairing allows for the replication and transcription of DNA, which are essential processes in the functioning and reproduction of all living organisms.

Membrane potential is the electrical potential difference across a cell membrane, typically for excitable cells such as nerve and muscle cells. It is the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell, created by the selective permeability of the cell membrane to different ions. The resting membrane potential of a typical animal cell is around -70 mV, with the interior being negative relative to the exterior. This potential is generated and maintained by the active transport of ions across the membrane, primarily through the action of the sodium-potassium pump. Membrane potentials play a crucial role in many physiological processes, including the transmission of nerve impulses and the contraction of muscle cells.

Protein binding, in the context of medical and biological sciences, refers to the interaction between a protein and another molecule (known as the ligand) that results in a stable complex. This process is often reversible and can be influenced by various factors such as pH, temperature, and concentration of the involved molecules.

In clinical chemistry, protein binding is particularly important when it comes to drugs, as many of them bind to proteins (especially albumin) in the bloodstream. The degree of protein binding can affect a drug's distribution, metabolism, and excretion, which in turn influence its therapeutic effectiveness and potential side effects.

Protein-bound drugs may be less available for interaction with their target tissues, as only the unbound or "free" fraction of the drug is active. Therefore, understanding protein binding can help optimize dosing regimens and minimize adverse reactions.

Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.

In the field of medicine, "time factors" refer to the duration of symptoms or time elapsed since the onset of a medical condition, which can have significant implications for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding time factors is crucial in determining the progression of a disease, evaluating the effectiveness of treatments, and making critical decisions regarding patient care.

For example, in stroke management, "time is brain," meaning that rapid intervention within a specific time frame (usually within 4.5 hours) is essential to administering tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a clot-busting drug that can minimize brain damage and improve patient outcomes. Similarly, in trauma care, the "golden hour" concept emphasizes the importance of providing definitive care within the first 60 minutes after injury to increase survival rates and reduce morbidity.

Time factors also play a role in monitoring the progression of chronic conditions like diabetes or heart disease, where regular follow-ups and assessments help determine appropriate treatment adjustments and prevent complications. In infectious diseases, time factors are crucial for initiating antibiotic therapy and identifying potential outbreaks to control their spread.

Overall, "time factors" encompass the significance of recognizing and acting promptly in various medical scenarios to optimize patient outcomes and provide effective care.

... List of publications in physics - Biophysics List of biophysicists Outline of biophysics Biophysical chemistry ... Association Mathematical and theoretical biology Medical biophysics Membrane biophysics Molecular biophysics Neurophysics ... The term biophysics was originally introduced by Karl Pearson in 1892. The term biophysics is also regularly used in academia ... ISBN 978-0-07-163365-9. At Wikiversity, you can learn more and teach others about Biophysics at the Department of Biophysics ...
In biophysics, transduction is the conveyance of energy from one electron (a donor) to another (a receptor), at the same time ... Biophysics, Photonics, All stub articles, Biophysics stubs). ...
... (or cellular biophysics) is a sub-field of biophysics that focuses on physical principles underlying cell ... v t e (Biophysics, Cell biology, All stub articles, Biophysics stubs). ... "Molecular and Cellular Biophysics". Retrieved April 4, 2014. "Center for the Physics of Living Cells". Retrieved April 4, 2014 ...
... is that branch of medical science that studies the action process and the effects of non-ionising physical ... Anbar, M. Clinical biophysics: A new concept in undergraduate medical education. J Medical Education, 56, 443-444 (1981) Roy K ... The principle on which clinical biophysics is based are represented by the recognizability and the specificity of the physical ... 1):S255-S261 v t e (All articles with unsourced statements, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2011, Biophysics, ...
Biophysics List of biophysicists Outline of biophysics Mass spectrometry Medical biophysics Membrane biophysics Multiangle ... Association Index of biophysics articles List of publications in biology - Biophysics List of publications in physics - ... Molecular biophysics is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary area of research that combines concepts in physics, chemistry, ... Membrane biophysics is the study of biological membrane structure and function using physical, computational, mathematical, and ...
... may refer to: Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Germany Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of ... Sciences This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Institute of Biophysics. If an internal link led you ...
"European Biophysics Journal (Description)". Retrieved 21 May 2009. "European Biophysics Journal (Editorial Board)". Retrieved ... membrane biophysics and ion channels, cell biophysics and organisation, macromolecular assemblies, biophysical methods and ... The European Biophysics Journal is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the European Biophysical Societies ... The journal publishes papers in the field of biophysics, defining this as the study of biological phenomena using physical ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to biophysics: Biophysics - interdisciplinary science ... Estonia Annual Review of Biophysics Bibliography of biophysics Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Biophysical ... Anbar, M. Clinical biophysics: A new concept in undergraduate medical education. J Medical Education, 56, 443-444 (1981) "What ... Clinical biophysics - studies the process and effects of non-ionising physical energies utilised for diagnostic and therapeutic ...
Biophysics, Molecular biology, Lattice models, All stub articles, Biophysics stubs, Theoretical physics stubs, Statistical ... Lattice models in biophysics represent a class of statistical-mechanical models which consider a biological macromacromolecule ...
... especially their biochemistry and biophysics. It was established in 1979 as Cell Biophysics with Nicholas Catsimpoolas as ... Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of the biology of cells, ... "Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics on hold". Springer Science+Business Media. 13 March 2015. Archived from the original on 15 ... "Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics". 2020 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Clarivate Analytics. 2021. " ...
It was also in 1984 that the journal Biophysics of Structure and Mechanism became the European Biophysics Journal, published by ... doi:10.1007/s00249-007-0175-x. "9th European Biophysics Congress". European Biophysics Journal. 42: S35-235. 2013. doi:10.1007/ ... European Biophysical Societies' Association European Biophysics Journal Biophysics fr:Société française de biophysique (in ... such as organisers of European biophysics meetings and schools with biophysics courses. EBSA also offers bursaries to young ...
... is a peer-reviewed scientific journal on biophysics, published by Cambridge University Press. ... "Journals Ranked by Impact: Biophysics". 2020 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Clarivate. 2021. Official ... Biophysics journals, Academic journals established in 1968, Cambridge University Press academic journals, All stub articles, ... "Biophysics". "Editorial Board". Cambridge Core. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 2022-06-22. " ...
... is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in biophysics and ... "Radiation and Environmental Biophysics". 2020 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Thomson Reuters. 2021. ... "Radiation and environmental biophysics". NLM Catalog. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2015-01-01. " ...
"Annual Review of Biophysics". Annual Reviews. Retrieved 23 May 2023. "Annual Review of Biophysics". 2022 Journal Citation ... "Biophysics". The Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering was first published in 1972 by Annual Reviews in collaboration ... As of 2023, Annual Review of Biophysics is being published as open access, under the Subscribe to Open model. According to the ... "Annual Review of Biophysics". MIAR: Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals. University of Barcelona. Retrieved 2022-02 ...
This is a list of articles on biophysics. Contents: Top 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 5-HT3 receptor ... tweezers Oreste Piro Origin of avian flight Osmoregulation Osmotic pressure Outer mitochondrial membrane Outline of biophysics ... Biofilm Biological material Biological membrane Biomechanics Biomechanics of sprint running Biophysical Society Biophysics Bird ...
The Alexander Hollaender Award in Biophysics is awarded by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences "for outstanding contributions ... Biophysics awards, Awards of the United States National Academy of Sciences, 1998 establishments in the United States, All stub ... and fundamental contributions to the biophysics of sensory transduction in rod, cone, and non-image visual systems and in ... "Alexander Hollaender Award in Biophysics". National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 15 August 2015. v t e v t e (Articles ...
Biophysics and Bioinformatics as will be described below. Master's degrees in Biochemistry and Biophysics were established in ... "Institute of biochemistry and biophysics, Tehran university". "History". Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics. Retrieved ... The Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB) is a pioneering Iranian research institute founded in 1976 to conduct world ... Initially IBB was divided into two independent educational groups of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 2002. The department of ...
It was founded as the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Biophysics in 1937, and moved into a new building in 2003. It is an institute ... Since the founding of the MPI of Biophysics, one of the directors has also held a chair at Frankfurt's Goethe University. In ... Rajewsky firstly coined the term "Biophysics" and consequently the institute became one of the first to be known by this name. ... Since March 2003, the MPI for Biophysics has resided in a new building on the Riedberg campus of the Goethe University ...
... is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research on all aspects of ... "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics Editorial Board". Elsevier. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved ... "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics". 2020 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Thomson Reuters. 2021. ... "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics". NLM Catalog. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved April 16, 2014 ...
The Journal of Computational Biophysics and Chemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering developments in ... theoretical and computational chemistry and biophysics, as well as their applications to other scientific fields, such as ...
"Progress in biophysics and molecular biology: A brief history of the journal". Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology. ... Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing review articles in the fields of ... "Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology". 2020 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Science ed.). Clarivate. 2021-06-30 ... It was established in 1950 as Progress in Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, obtaining its current title in 1963. It is ...
... incorporating at various stages the King's Biophysics Department, MRC Cell Biophysics Unit, and MRC Muscle and Motility Unit. ... The Biophysics Unit expanded and in the 1960s moved to the site in Drury Lane that later became known as the Randall Institute ... The Randall continues the tradition of Biophysics at King's established by Sir John Randall, which produced the studies of the ... The Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics (the Randall) is a research institute of King's College London located in ...
... (NICPB; Estonian Keemilise ja Bioloogilise Füüsika Instituut, or KBFI) is ... Biophysics organizations, Research institutes in Estonia, Science and technology in Estonia, Research institutes in the Soviet ...
The Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, based in Beijing, China, focuses on biophysically oriented basic ... Of these, Progress in Biochemistry & Biophysics is indexed in the SCI-E database. The institute has a library (1100 square ... It takes responsibility for editing two core national natural science journals, namely Progress in Biochemistry & Biophysics ... Biophysics organizations, Research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1958 establishments in China, Organizations ...
... to foster international cooperation in biophysics, and to help in the application of biophysics toward solving problems of ... It was established in 1961 as the International Organisation for Pure and Applied Biophysics but then renamed as the ... In 1966 at the Vienna congress that IOPAB became IUPAB (International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics). Since 1966, IUPAB ... The first General Assembly of IOPAB (International Organisation for Pure and Applied Biophysics) and the first International ...
This list is a subsection of the List of members of the National Academy of Sciences, which includes approximately 2,000 members and 350 foreign associates of the United States National Academy of Sciences, each of whom is affiliated with one of 31 disciplinary sections. Each person's name, primary institution, and election year are given. Members directory Search form for members directory (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Lists of members of the National Academy of Sciences ...
Karen Renee Gibson Fleming is a Professor of Biophysics at Johns Hopkins University. She investigates the energetics of ... Karen Fleming Wins 2016 Thomas E. Thompson Award". Biophysics. 16 May 2016. Retrieved 2020-03-13. "Karen Fleming wins Provost's ... Fleming, Karen G. (2014). "Energetics of membrane protein folding". Annual Review of Biophysics. 43: 233-255. doi:10.1146/ ... where she worked with Donald Engelman in the Department of Molecular Biophysics. Here she investigated the interaction of ...
Rather than practising medicine, however, Tasaki decided to pursue his first love; biophysics. While in Japan, he studied ...
Biophysics. 54 (6): 753-754. doi:10.1134/S0006350909060165. ISSN 0006-3509. S2CID 97317454. "Yurii Semenovich Lazurkin: On his ...
"Megan Valentine". biophysics.org. Biophysics. November 2017. Archived from the original on April 8, 2018. Retrieved April 24, ...
How Chiropractic BioPhysics® Can Benefit Tech Users How Chiropractic BioPhysics® Can Benefit Tech Users Articles ... Why is Chiropractic BioPhysics® an Ideal Treatment for Nurse Practitioners? Why is Chiropractic BioPhysics® an Ideal Treatment ... Why is Chiropractic BioPhysics® an Ideal Treatment for Nurse Practitioners?. Articles Why is Chiropractic BioPhysics® an Ideal ... Chiropractic BioPhysics®: A Natural Treatment for Fertility and Sexual Dysfunction Chiropractic BioPhysics®: A Natural ...
Biophysics List of publications in physics - Biophysics List of biophysicists Outline of biophysics Biophysical chemistry ... Association Mathematical and theoretical biology Medical biophysics Membrane biophysics Molecular biophysics Neurophysics ... The term biophysics was originally introduced by Karl Pearson in 1892. The term biophysics is also regularly used in academia ... ISBN 978-0-07-163365-9. At Wikiversity, you can learn more and teach others about Biophysics at the Department of Biophysics ...
Molecular Biophysics Multi-scale modeling of molecular processes. The three-dimensional architectures of biological ... The Molecular Biophysics Group determines the functional mechanisms of biologically relevant molecular systems by employing ... Members of the Molecular Biophysics group work closely with scientists at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and the Oak Ridge ... Complementary research efforts are conducted through the ORNL-University of Tennessee Center for Molecular Biophysics (CMB). ...
The Solution Biophysics Laboratory (SBL), located in room 6.656 on the sixth floor of the Basic Science Building (BSB), was ... Solution molecular biophysics and thermodynamic techniques are used both as a primary research tool as well as means to ... The purpose of the lab is to enhance solution biophysics research of SCSBMB core faculty members and UTMB collaborators. ... SCSBMB faculty includes prominent researchers in the field of molecular biophysics and thermodynamics, and this core facility ...
Articles from Journal of Biophysics are provided here courtesy of Hindawi Limited ...
... seeks to understand the processes of life by applying advanced methods of physics and chemistry to ...
We are inviting nominations for the 2024 BBA Rising Stars in Biochemistry and Biophysics Special Issue and Prize ... We are inviting nominations for the 2024 BBA Rising Stars in Biochemistry and Biophysics Special Issue and Prize. The aim of ... Candidates active in the broad areas covered by the journals of biochemistry, biophysics, molecular biology, cell biology, ... and in a combined special issue featuring all of the work of the 2024 BBA Rising Stars in Biochemistry and Biophysics across ...
Explores the physical mechanisms of processes taking place at different organizational levels in biosystems with research at the interface of biology, physics, chemistry, and mathematics.
Biophysics Week is an annual global event to celebrate and raise the awareness of the field. ... What Is Biophysics * * What Is Biophysics COVID-19: Science, Stories, and Resources * * COVID-19: Science, Stories, and ... Selected Topics in Biophysics * * Selected Topics in Biophysics Additional Education Resources * * Additional Education ... Advocate for Biophysics in Your Community * * Advocate for Biophysics in Your Community ...
Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics. Kravis Research Building. The Rockefeller University. 1230 York Ave.. New York, NY 10065 ...
Medical Cell BioPhysics (MCBP). Building: Carré. Room: CR4421. Drienerlolaan 5. P.O. Box 217. 7500 AE Enschede. The Netherlands ...
Welcome to the Astrobiology Web
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 120 Mason Farm Rd, Campus Box 7260. 3rd Floor, Genetic Medicine Building. Chapel ... Dale Ramsden, PhD, Professor UNC Biochemistry and Biophysics Host: Jean Cook Title: The last "poorly understood" DNA Repair ... Dale Ramsden, PhD, Professor UNC Biochemistry and Biophysics Host: Jean Cook Title: The last "poorly understood" DNA Repair ... Dale Ramsden, PhD, Professor UNC Biochemistry and Biophysics Host: Jean Cook Title: The last "poorly understood" DNA Repair ...
Exploring this challenging yet fascinating area of study, Molecular and Cellular Biophysics covers both molecular and cellular ... Designed for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in biophysics courses, this textbook features a ...
What Is Biophysics * * What Is Biophysics COVID-19: Science, Stories, and Resources * * COVID-19: Science, Stories, and ... Selected Topics in Biophysics * * Selected Topics in Biophysics Additional Education Resources * * Additional Education ... Advocate for Biophysics in Your Community * * Advocate for Biophysics in Your Community ... Tags: poster sessionPosterscollaborative biophysics research#2022 Annual MeetingBPS2022biophysics community ...
The new biophysics laboratory enables the company to further focus on the comfort of its products, Decker said.. "We care about ... The biophysics lab includes two new components: an environmental chamber that can recreate between 85 and 95 percent of the ... Gore Opens New Biophysics, Heat Testing Labs. 1/13/2017 By Vivienne Machi ... Material science company WL Gore has opened new biophysics and heat and flame protection laboratories that will help push its ...
Liu Y., Chuang K., Liang F., Su H., Stultz CM, Guttag JV., Leveraging Feature Hierarchy and Bootstrap Lasso to Reduce Dimensionality and Improve Interpretability". NIPS 2015 Workshop on Machine Learning in Healthcare. Gurry T, Fisher CK, Schmidt M, Stultz CM. Analyzing Ensembles of Amyloid Proteins Using Bayesian Statistics. Methods Mol Biol. 2016;1345:269-80. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2978-8_17. PubMed PMID: 26453218. Gurry T., Stultz CM. The Mechanism of Amyloid-Beta Fibril Elongation. Biochemistry 53, 6981−6991, DOI: 10.1021/bi500695g, 2014. Burger VM., Gurry T., Stultz CM. Intrinsically Disordered Proteins: Where Computation Meets Experiment. Polymers 6(10) 2684-2719, 2014. Zhong C., Gurry T., Cheng Al., Downey J., Deng Z., Stultz CM., Lu TK., Biologically Inspired Engineering of Strong, Self-Assembling, and Multi-Functional Underwater Adhesives. Nature Nanotechnology 9, 858-866, 2014. Linder D., Gurry T., Stultz CM. Towards a Consensus in Protein Structure Nomenclature. in Intrinsically ...
The program encompasses the full range of biophysics research at Princeton, from molecules to ecosystems, including both ... "And its special, because most biophysics programs are more narrowly focused. Here at Princeton, what we call biophysics, and ... Online biophysics summer school draws interest from around the world . This summer, 3,000 undergraduates from around the world ... Princeton is launching a Ph.D. program in biophysics for students who want to study at the interface between living systems and ...
Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics (Ph.D.) Our understanding of biological function has advanced due to a synthesis of ... Graduate education in molecular biochemistry and biophysics is available on either a full- or a part-time basis. ... of-the-art computer and laboratory equipment in which to conduct research in the areas of molecular biochemistry and biophysics ...
Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Seminar welcomes Philip Bates from Washington State University. Submitted by Biochemistry ... Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Seminar welcomes Philip Bates from Washington State University ... is the featured speaker for Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Seminar at 4 p.m. Wednesday, Nov. 7, in 120 Ackert Hall. He ... and Molecular Biophysics. Philip D. Bates, assistant professor in the Institute of Biological Chemistry at Washington State ...
Explores novel insights into crucial cell functions as well as new approaches to study them with computational or experimental techniques
Biophysics Research Group at the University of Waterloo. Biophysics Departments. *Department of Medical Biophysics, University ... Other Biophysics Groups. *Biological Physics & Soft Condensed Matter Group, Simon Fraser University ...
... statistical biophysics, molecular modeling, single-molecule biophysics, and chemical biophysics. The goal of the series is to ... Advances in Biochemistry and Biophysics. About the Series. This monograph series offers expert summaries of cutting edge topics ... Individual titles address such topics as molecular biophysics, ...
Methods in Molecular Biophysics: Structure, Dynamics, Function. Igor N. Serdyuk,Nathan R. Zaccai,Joseph Zaccai. Limited preview ... The Physical Basis of Biochemistry: The Foundations of Molecular Biophysics. Peter R. Bergethon. Limited preview - 1998. ... The Physical Basis of Biochemistry: The Foundations of Molecular Biophysics. Peter R. Bergethon. Limited preview - 2013. ...
Description: Experiments are selected from the fields of nuclear and solid-state physics, biophysics, quantum mechanics and ... Possible topics include: biolocomotion, membrane biophysics, imaging techniques. Seminar format.. Prerequisites: BIOL046 HM and ... Present faculty research areas include astrophysics, biophysics, optics, solid-state and low-temperature physics, general ... Description: Selected topics in biophysics focusing on active research in the field. ...
Biophysics tells you what the properties of waves are, and it tells ... ":"How Biophysics Relates to Sound Waves","strippedTitle":"how biophysics relates to sound waves","slug":"how-biophysics- ... ":"how-biophysics-relates-to-sound-waves-163151"},"fullPath":"/article/academics-the-arts/science/biophysics/how-biophysics- ... Biophysics tells you what the properties of waves are, and it tells you that sound is a longitudinal pressure wave (in air) ...
  • Molecular biophysics typically addresses biological questions similar to those in biochemistry and molecular biology, seeking to find the physical underpinnings of biomolecular phenomena. (wikipedia.org)
  • We are inviting nominations for the 2024 BBA Rising Stars in Biochemistry and Biophysics Special Issue and Prize. (elsevier.com)
  • The work undertaken by the candidate must have the potential to influence future research directions in biochemistry and biophysics. (elsevier.com)
  • The Mini-reviews invited for inclusion in the BBA Rising Stars initiative will feature in a dedicated special issue of the journal relevant to their work, and in a combined special issue featuring all of the work of the 2024 BBA Rising Stars in Biochemistry and Biophysics across the BBA journals. (elsevier.com)
  • Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics (Ph.D. (iit.edu)
  • The department has state-of-the-art computer and laboratory equipment in which to conduct research in the areas of molecular biochemistry and biophysics. (iit.edu)
  • Graduate education in molecular biochemistry and biophysics is available on either a full- or a part-time basis. (iit.edu)
  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Seminar welcomes Philip Bates from Washington. (k-state.edu)
  • Philip D. Bates, assistant professor in the Institute of Biological Chemistry at Washington State University, is the featured speaker for Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Seminar at 4 p.m. Wednesday, Nov. 7, in 120 Ackert Hall. (k-state.edu)
  • Débora Masini, Postdoctoral Fellow at the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, has been awarded a two-year Young Investigator Grant from The Brain and Behaviour Research Foundation. (su.se)
  • Arne Elofsson, Professor in Bioinformatics at the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, has been selected as an ISCB Fellow in the class of 2023. (su.se)
  • Learn more about the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics. (su.se)
  • The Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics celebrated the buildings anniversary with guided tours for previous employees and a poster competition for the research and administration groups at DBB. (su.se)
  • Greg Bowman , Louis Heyman University Professor and PIK Professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, was recently featured by the Penn Bioengineering Blog . (upenn.edu)
  • George Burslem is an Assistant Professor in the Departments of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Cancer Biology. (upenn.edu)
  • The Perelman School of Medicine (PSOM) has announced the establishment of the Penn Institute for Structural Biology (ISB) , which will be led by Dr. Vera Moiseenkova-Bell , Professor in the Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Secondary faculty in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics. (upenn.edu)
  • Dr Fredrick Sachs (Department of Physiology and Biophysics, SUNY, Buffalo, NY) and colleagues report that the venom peptide, known as GsMtx-4, inhibits AF following atrium dilatation in explanted perfused rabbit hearts. (medscape.com)
  • Biophysics is an interdisciplinary science that applies approaches and methods traditionally used in physics to study biological phenomena. (wikipedia.org)
  • Medical physics, a branch of biophysics, is any application of physics to medicine or healthcare, ranging from radiology to microscopy and nanomedicine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Biophysics seeks to understand the processes of life by applying advanced methods of physics and chemistry to biological systems. (fz-juelich.de)
  • Princeton is launching a Ph.D. program in biophysics for students who want to study at the interface between living systems and physics, at every scale from molecules to ecosystems, including both experimental and theoretical work. (princeton.edu)
  • In my opinion, we have the strongest theoretical biophysics group anywhere," said Shaevitz, who is also a professor of physics and the Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics. (princeton.edu)
  • Princeton is also the home to the Center for the Physics of Biological Function, an NSF Physics Frontier Center focused on experimental and theoretical research in biophysics. (princeton.edu)
  • Within the Department of Bionanosciences, our biophysics research is based on applied physics, colloid and interface science. (boku.ac.at)
  • Wolberger received an undergraduate degree in physics at Cornell University and a doctorate in biophysics from Harvard University. (newswise.com)
  • Chiropractic BioPhysics® or CBP® is the protocol of choice for elite chiropractors and student doctors who look to spinal rehabilitation and postural correction as means to address not just pain and disability, but to optimize function and neurophysiology. (idealspine.com)
  • Read the latest research studies and learn more about the Chiropractic BioPhysics® technique. (idealspine.com)
  • Chiropractors, please register for the upcoming Chiropractic BioPhysics® seminars in your area. (idealspine.com)
  • Why is Chiropractic BioPhysics® an Ideal Treatment for Nurse Practitioners? (idealspine.com)
  • Why Do I Have Back Pain and How Can Chiropractic BioPhysics® Help? (idealspine.com)
  • Why Do I Have Forward Head Posture, and How Can Chiropractic BioPhysics® Help? (idealspine.com)
  • He is the director of the Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, professor of biophysics and biophysical chemistry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and co-director of the Cancer Chemical and Structural Biology Program for the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Newswise - Structural biologist Cynthia Wolberger, Ph.D. , has been appointed director of the Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. (newswise.com)
  • Her goals for the Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry include recruiting faculty members who are working in new and exciting areas of biophysics and structural biology, as well as creating a biophysics technology hub that will facilitate biophysics research across the university. (newswise.com)
  • The interdisciplinary nature of biophysics provides the opportunity for biologists, physicists, chemists, bioengineers, and others to collaborate and push scientific discoveries. (biophysics.org)
  • The overarching aim of the course is to give a specialisation in interdisciplinary work with a focus on experimental methods in biophysics. (lu.se)
  • In addition to traditional (i.e. molecular and cellular) biophysical topics like structural biology or enzyme kinetics, modern biophysics encompasses an extraordinarily broad range of research, from bioelectronics to quantum biology involving both experimental and theoretical tools. (wikipedia.org)
  • Program trainees also participate in other seminar series, including but not limited to those from the departments of Biophysics , Pharmacology , Physiology , and Cell Biology , and from the Cecil H. and Ida Green Comprehensive Center for Molecular, Computational, and Systems Biology . (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Of the many excellent core facilities at UT Southwestern, those most frequently used by members of the Molecular Biophysics Program include the Structural Biology Lab , the Molecular Biophysics Resource, and the Live Cell Imaging and Electron Microscopy Cores. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The division includes the Biomedical Technology Branch, the Biophysics Branch, and the Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Branch. (nih.gov)
  • Kushol Gupta is a Research Assistant Professor in the department, a member of the BMB graduate group, and directs the Johnson Foundation Biophysics and Structural Biology Core (JFBSB), a departmental resource that serves Penn and the greater region. (upenn.edu)
  • The Solution Biophysics Laboratory (SBL), located in room 6.656 on the sixth floor of the Basic Science Building (BSB) , was established in 1995. (utmb.edu)
  • The new biophysics laboratory enables the company to further focus on the comfort of its products, Decker said. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
  • Biophysics covers all scales of biological organization, from molecular to organismic and populations. (wikipedia.org)
  • The term biophysics is also regularly used in academia to indicate the study of the physical quantities (e.g. electric current, temperature, stress, entropy) in biological systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some authors such as Robert Rosen criticize biophysics on the ground that the biophysical method does not take into account the specificity of biological phenomena. (wikipedia.org)
  • The biophysics community at Princeton attacks these challenges from all angles, combining cutting-edge experiments with fundamental theory to make sense of complex biological phenomena. (princeton.edu)
  • Exploring this challenging yet fascinating area of study, Molecular and Cellular Biophysics covers both molecular and cellular structures as well as the biophysical processes that occur in these structures. (routledge.com)
  • In the field of computational biophysics, we mainly study the behaviour of large molecules such as proteins, DNA and RNA. (lu.se)
  • Our blog provides the unique opportunity to share with the biophysics community worldwide BPS-related news, updates, and biophysics content. (biophysics.org)
  • Students in the new biophysics graduate program will have access to a wealth of resources, including world-leading capabilities in microscopy, computation and fabrication. (princeton.edu)
  • Students in the Molecular Biophysics Graduate Program benefit from a rich training environment that includes the long-running Molecular Biophysics Discussion Group (MBDG) seminar series. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Each year culminates with an annual research symposium that includes oral and poster presentations from Molecular Biophysics Graduate Program trainees. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Designed for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in biophysics courses, this textbook features a quantitative approach that avoids being too abstract in its presentation. (routledge.com)
  • Depending on the strengths of a department at a university differing emphasis will be given to fields of biophysics. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. Goubran is a Scientist in the Hurvitz Brain Sciences research program & Physical Sciences platform at the Sunnybrook Research Institute, and Assistant Professor in the Department of Medical Biophysics at the University of Toronto. (utoronto.ca)
  • MRI Biophysics Research Group aims to uncover crucial mechanisms of human brain aging, by identifying the contribution of iron accumulation, a major determinant of brain development and brain decline. (mpg.de)
  • Material science company WL Gore has opened new biophysics and heat and flame protection laboratories that will help push its product testing capabilities to new levels, said Matthew Decker, global technical leader of the company's comfort core group. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
  • To join the inaugural class, applicants should apply directly to the Biophysics Program through the Princeton University Graduate School by Dec. 1, 2022. (princeton.edu)
  • Ken has been teaching an introductory biophysics course since 1998 and won the University of Lethbridge's Distinguished Teaching Award in 2008. (dummies.com)
  • Solution molecular biophysics and thermodynamic techniques are used both as a primary research tool as well as means to structural studies (for example in the exploration of conditions for crystallization of proteins). (utmb.edu)
  • Some of the earlier studies in biophysics were conducted in the 1840s by a group known as the Berlin school of physiologists. (wikipedia.org)
  • SCSBMB faculty includes prominent researchers in the field of molecular biophysics and thermodynamics, and this core facility promotes the use of these techniques to solve research problems of a fundamental nature that may lead to a translational research objective. (utmb.edu)
  • The biophysics lab includes two new components: an environmental chamber that can recreate between 85 and 95 percent of the Earth's environments, from a rainy day in Scotland to a breezy night in the Bahamas. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
  • giving a common language in Biophysics to students with different backgrounds. (sns.it)
  • The students will get aquainted with equipment that is actively used within the biophysics research at the division. (lu.se)
  • identify different approaches to optical problems in biophysics and biomedicine from a broad perspective ranging from individual molecules to tissue. (lu.se)
  • Individual titles address such topics as molecular biophysics, statistical biophysics, molecular modeling, single-molecule biophysics, and chemical biophysics. (routledge.com)
  • Jimee Hwang received her AB in Biophysics from Dartmouth College and MD at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. (cdc.gov)
  • His research interests include topics in biophysics with application to cancer treatment. (dummies.com)
  • Our contributions to biophysics also include applying graph theory and network analysis to get plausible information from big data sets. (boku.ac.at)
  • Biophysics might even be seen as dating back to the studies of Luigi Galvani. (wikipedia.org)
  • The purpose of the lab is to enhance solution biophysics research of SCSBMB core faculty members and UTMB collaborators. (utmb.edu)
  • We have people who just won the Breakthrough Prize for phase separation - liquid-liquid phase separation - which is the core of molecular biophysics. (princeton.edu)
  • Biophysics also tells you how people can produce pressure waves for communicating with others and for singing. (dummies.com)
  • In addition, biophysics allows you to understand how people receive and analyze the pressure waves absorbed by the ear. (dummies.com)