Bionics
Cochlear Implants
Loudness Perception
Cochlear Implantation
Speech Perception
Novel therapeutic strategy against central baroreflex failure: a bionic baroreflex system. (1/31)
BACKGROUND: Central baroreflex failure in Shy-Drager syndrome and traumatic spinal cord injuries results in severe orthostatic hypotension and often confines the patient to the bed. We proposed a novel therapeutic strategy against central baroreflex failure: implementation of an artificial feedback control system able automatically to regulate sympathetic vasomotor tone, that is, a bionic baroreflex system (BBS). With the use of a rat model of central baroreflex failure, we developed the BBS and tested its efficacy. METHODS AND RESULTS: Our prototype BBS for the rat consisted of a pressure sensor placed into the aortic arch, stimulation electrodes implanted into the greater splanchnic nerve, and a computer-driven neural stimulator. By a white noise approach for system identification, we first estimated the dynamic properties underlying the normal baroreflex control of systemic arterial pressure (SAP) and then determined how the BBS computer should operate in real time as the artificial vasomotor center to mimic the dynamic properties of the native baroreflex. The open-loop transfer function of the artificial vasomotor center was identified as a high-pass filter with a corner frequency of 0.1 Hz. We evaluated the performance of the BBS in response to rapid-progressive hypotension secondary to sudden sympathetic withdrawal evoked by the local imposition of a pressure step on carotid sinus baroreceptors in 16 anesthetized rats. Without the BBS, SAP rapidly fell by 49+/-8 mm Hg in 10 seconds. With the BBS placed on-line with real-time execution, the SAP fall was suppressed by 22+/-6 mm Hg at the nadir and by 16+/-5 mm Hg at the plateau. These effects were statistically indistinguishable from those of the native baroreflex system. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest the feasibility of a BBS approach for central baroreflex failure. (+info)Bionic technology revitalizes native baroreflex function in rats with baroreflex failure. (2/31)
BACKGROUND: We developed a bionic technology for the treatment of baroreflex failure and tested its efficacy in restoration of arterial pressure against head-up tilt (HUT) in rats with baroreflex failure. METHODS AND RESULTS: The bionic baroreflex system (BBS) was a negative feedback system controlled by a computer, the artificial vasomotor center. It sensed systemic arterial pressure (SAP) through a micromanometer placed in the aortic arch and automatically computed the frequency of a pulse train to stimulate sympathetic efferent nerves. We selected the celiac ganglion as the sympathetic vasomotor interface. To make this system bionic, the operational rule of the artificial vasomotor center (H(BRP-->STM); BRP indicates baroreceptor pressure; STM, electrical stimulation) was actively matched to that of the native center. First, we identified the open-loop transfer functions of the native baroreflex control of SAP (H(Native)) and the response of SAP to electrical stimulation of the celiac ganglion (H(STM-->SAP)). We computed H(BRP-->STM) from H(Native)/H(STM-->SAP) and transplanted the operational rule into the computer. In 10 rats with baroreflex failure, we evaluated the performance of the BBS during rapid hypotension induced by HUT. Abrupt HUT dropped SAP by 34+/-6 mm Hg in 2 seconds and by 52+/-5 mm Hg in 10 seconds. During real-time execution of the BBS, on the other hand, the fall in SAP was 21+/-5 mm Hg at 2 seconds and 15+/-6 mm Hg at 10 seconds after HUT. These arterial responses controlled by the BBS were indistinguishable from those by the native baroreflex. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the BBS revitalized the native baroreflex function in rats with baroreflex failure. (+info)Bionic epidural stimulation restores arterial pressure regulation during orthostasis. (3/31)
A bionic baroreflex system (BBS) is a computer-assisted intelligent feedback system to control arterial pressure (AP) for the treatment of baroreflex failure. To apply this system clinically, an appropriate efferent neural (sympathetic vasomotor) interface has to be explored. We examined whether the spinal cord is a candidate site for such interface. In six anesthetized and baroreflex-deafferentiated cats, a multielectrode catheter was inserted into the epidural space to deliver epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS). Stepwise changes in ESCS rate revealed a linear correlation between ESCS rate and AP for ESCS rates of 2 pulses/s and above (r2, 0.876-0.979; slope, 14.3 +/- 5.8 mmHg.pulses(-1).s; pressure axis intercept, 35.7 +/- 25.9 mmHg). Random changes in ESCS rate with a white noise sequence revealed dynamic transfer function of peripheral effectors. The transfer function resembled a second-order, low-pass filter with a lag time (gain, 16.7 +/- 8.3 mmHg.pulses(-1).s; natural frequency, 0.022 +/- 0.007 Hz; damping coefficient, 2.40 +/- 1.07; lag time, 1.06 +/- 0.41 s). On the basis of the transfer function, we designed an artificial vasomotor center to attenuate hypotension. We evaluated the performance of the BBS against hypotension induced by 60 degrees head-up tilt. In the cats with baroreflex failure, head-up tilt dropped AP by 37 +/- 5 mmHg in 5 s and 59 +/- 11 mmHg in 30 s. BBS with optimized feedback parameters attenuated hypotension to 21 +/- 2 mmHg in 5 s (P < 0.05) and 8 +/- 4 mmHg in 30 s (P < 0.05). These results indicate that ESCS-mediated BBS prevents orthostatic hypotension. Because epidural stimulation is a clinically feasible procedure, this BBS can be applied clinically to combat hypotension associated with various pathophysiologies. (+info)Artificial baroreflex: clinical application of a bionic baroreflex system. (4/31)
BACKGROUND: We proposed a novel therapeutic strategy against central baroreflex failure: implementation of an artificial baroreflex system to automatically regulate sympathetic vasomotor tone, ie, a bionic baroreflex system (BBS), and we tested its efficacy in a model of sudden hypotension during surgery. METHODS AND RESULTS: The BBS consisted of a computer-controlled negative-feedback circuit that sensed arterial pressure (AP) and automatically computed the frequency (STM) of a pulse train required to stimulate sympathetic nerves via an epidural catheter placed at the level of the lower thoracic spinal cord. An operation rule was subsequently designed for the BBS using a feedback correction with proportional and integral gain factors. The transfer function from STM to AP was identified by a white noise system identification method in 12 sevoflurane-anesthetized patients undergoing orthopedic surgery involving the cervical vertebrae, and the feedback correction factors were determined with a numerical simulation to enable the BBS to quickly and stably attenuate an external disturbance on AP. The performance of the designed BBS was then examined in a model of orthostatic hypotension during knee joint surgery (n=21). Without the implementation of the BBS, a sudden deflation of a thigh tourniquet resulted in a 17+/-3 mm Hg decrease in AP within 10 seconds and a 25+/-2 mm Hg decrease in AP within 50 seconds. By contrast, during real-time execution of the BBS, the decrease in AP was 9+/-2 mm Hg at 10 seconds and 1+/-2 mm Hg at 50 seconds after the deflation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest the feasibility of a BBS approach for central baroreflex failure. (+info)Fuel-powered artificial muscles. (5/31)
Artificial muscles and electric motors found in autonomous robots and prosthetic limbs are typically battery-powered, which severely restricts the duration of their performance and can necessitate long inactivity during battery recharge. To help solve these problems, we demonstrated two types of artificial muscles that convert the chemical energy of high-energy-density fuels to mechanical energy. The first type stores electrical charge and uses changes in stored charge for mechanical actuation. In contrast with electrically powered electrochemical muscles, only half of the actuator cycle is electrochemical. The second type of fuel-powered muscle provides a demonstrated actuator stroke and power density comparable to those of natural skeletal muscle and generated stresses that are over a hundred times higher. (+info)Volitional control of neural activity: implications for brain-computer interfaces. (6/31)
Successful operation of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) and brain-machine interfaces (BMI) depends significantly on the degree to which neural activity can be volitionally controlled. This paper reviews evidence for such volitional control in a variety of neural signals, with particular emphasis on the activity of cortical neurons. Some evidence comes from conventional experiments that reveal volitional modulation in neural activity related to behaviours, including real and imagined movements, cognitive imagery and shifts of attention. More direct evidence comes from studies on operant conditioning of neural activity using biofeedback, and from BCI/BMI studies in which neural activity controls cursors or peripheral devices. Limits in the degree of accuracy of control in the latter studies can be attributed to several possible factors. Some of these factors, particularly limited practice time, can be addressed with long-term implanted BCIs. Preliminary observations with implanted circuits implementing recurrent BCIs are summarized. (+info)Assistive technology and robotic control using motor cortex ensemble-based neural interface systems in humans with tetraplegia. (7/31)
This review describes the rationale, early stage development, and initial human application of neural interface systems (NISs) for humans with paralysis. NISs are emerging medical devices designed to allow persons with paralysis to operate assistive technologies or to reanimate muscles based upon a command signal that is obtained directly from the brain. Such systems require the development of sensors to detect brain signals, decoders to transform neural activity signals into a useful command, and an interface for the user. We review initial pilot trial results of an NIS that is based on an intracortical microelectrode sensor that derives control signals from the motor cortex. We review recent findings showing, first, that neurons engaged by movement intentions persist in motor cortex years after injury or disease to the motor system, and second, that signals derived from motor cortex can be used by persons with paralysis to operate a range of devices. We suggest that, with further development, this form of NIS holds promise as a useful new neurotechnology for those with limited motor function or communication. We also discuss the additional potential for neural sensors to be used in the diagnosis and management of various neurological conditions and as a new way to learn about human brain function. (+info)Finite machines, mental procedures, and modern physics. (8/31)
A Turing machine provides a mathematical definition of the natural process of calculating. It rests on trust that a procedure of reason can be reproduced mechanically. Turing's analysis of the concept of mechanical procedure in terms of a finite machine convinced Godel of the validity of the Church thesis. And yet, Godel's later concern was that, insofar as Turing's work shows that "mental procedure cannot go beyond mechanical procedures", it would imply the same kind of limitation on human mind. He therefore deems Turing's argument to be inconclusive. The question then arises as to which extent a computing machine operating by finite means could provide an adequate model of human intelligence. It is argued that a rigorous answer to this question can be given by developing Turing's considerations on the nature of mental processes. For Turing such processes are the consequence of physical processes and he seems to be led to the conclusion that quantum mechanics could help to find a more comprehensive explanation of them. (+info)There are several types of deafness, including:
1. Conductive hearing loss: This type of deafness is caused by problems with the middle ear, including the eardrum or the bones of the middle ear. It can be treated with hearing aids or surgery.
2. Sensorineural hearing loss: This type of deafness is caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve. It is typically permanent and cannot be treated with medication or surgery.
3. Mixed hearing loss: This type of deafness is a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
4. Auditory processing disorder (APD): This is a condition in which the brain has difficulty processing sounds, even though the ears are functioning normally.
5. Tinnitus: This is a condition characterized by ringing or other sounds in the ears when there is no external source of sound. It can be a symptom of deafness or a separate condition.
There are several ways to diagnose deafness, including:
1. Hearing tests: These can be done in a doctor's office or at a hearing aid center. They involve listening to sounds through headphones and responding to them.
2. Imaging tests: These can include X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans to look for any physical abnormalities in the ear or brain.
3. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing: This is a test that measures the electrical activity of the brain in response to sound. It can be used to diagnose hearing loss in infants and young children.
4. Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) testing: This is a test that measures the sounds produced by the inner ear in response to sound. It can be used to diagnose hearing loss in infants and young children.
There are several ways to treat deafness, including:
1. Hearing aids: These are devices that amplify sound and can be worn in or behind the ear. They can help improve hearing for people with mild to severe hearing loss.
2. Cochlear implants: These are devices that are implanted in the inner ear and can bypass damaged hair cells to directly stimulate the auditory nerve. They can help restore hearing for people with severe to profound hearing loss.
3. Speech therapy: This can help people with hearing loss improve their communication skills, such as speaking and listening.
4. Assistive technology: This can include devices such as captioned phones, alerting systems, and assistive listening devices that can help people with hearing loss communicate more effectively.
5. Medications: There are several medications available that can help treat deafness, such as antibiotics for bacterial infections or steroids to reduce inflammation.
6. Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat deafness, such as when there is a blockage in the ear or when a tumor is present.
7. Stem cell therapy: This is a relatively new area of research that involves using stem cells to repair damaged hair cells in the inner ear. It has shown promising results in some studies.
8. Gene therapy: This involves using genes to repair or replace damaged or missing genes that can cause deafness. It is still an experimental area of research, but it has shown promise in some studies.
9. Implantable devices: These are devices that are implanted in the inner ear and can help restore hearing by bypassing damaged hair cells. Examples include cochlear implants and auditory brainstem implants.
10. Binaural hearing: This involves using a combination of hearing aids and technology to improve hearing in both ears, which can help improve speech recognition and reduce the risk of falls.
It's important to note that the best treatment for deafness will depend on the underlying cause of the condition, as well as the individual's age, overall health, and personal preferences. It's important to work with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment.
Bionics
Ekso Bionics
Open Bionics
Bionics Institute
Human Universal Load Carrier
Glossary of robotics
Michael Merzenich
Gordon Wallace (professor)
Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia
Bionic Six
Biomechatronics
SoldierStrong
Dimity Dornan
Valencia, Santa Clarita, California
Mecha
Santa Clarita, California
Alita: Battle Angel
Bionic architecture
Outline of robotics
Berkeley Robotics and Human Engineering Laboratory
Bill Coffin
Kharkiv National University of Radioelectronics
Kevin Long (artist)
Cat anatomy
Femita Ayanbeku
Bionic Woman (2007 TV series)
Wetware computer
Jakob Stoustrup
Arachnid locomotion
Biorobotics
February | Advanced Bionics
Biomechanics, Biomimetics and Bionics - Botanical Garden - TU Dresden
Bionics | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
Applied bionics and biomechanics. - NLM Catalog - NCBI
Uncategorized - Ekso Bionics
Walking With Robots: A Look Inside Exciting New Technology From Berkeley Bionics (TCTV) | TechCrunch
Advanced Bionics<sup>and#174;</sup> Cochlear Implants in Patients with Prelingual Hearing Loss | OMICS...
Exponential Growth » Control Bionics
Home | Creature Bionics
News | Vilje Bionics
Medical Bionics - Theses
Product | Bionics Remedies
Weight Loss Bionics Pills
Organigramma - Bionics Basket Buccinasco
Master Degree Overview - Bionics Engineering
UCLA | Bionics Lab | Surgical Robotics
About CSN - Bionics Medical Services
Bionics Records > .Various >...
Open Bionics Archives - Narrative Blog
Welcome to the #BionicSquad Tanisha! - Open Bionics
Temporary Prosthesis - Care Manuals - Yanke Bionics | Ohio
worker exoskeleton ekso bionics - On-Site Magazine
An Investigation of Regional Plantar Soft Tissue Hardness and Its Potential Correlation with Plantar Pressure Distribution in...
Home Empty - Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics
Reboocon Bionics is moving to a bigger office!
Marsi Bionics closes €1 million round through Fellow Funders
Stock underneath Consideration- Ekso Bionics Holdings, Inc. (EKSO) - Noma Diclifes
Project Bionics Pioneer Interview Collection2
Cochlear implants2
- This study evaluated patients with pre-lingual deafness using the Advanced Bionics® cochlear implants demonstrated significant gains in neural stimulation and language development in children. (omicsonline.org)
- Before joining the NIH in 2019, Dr. Hudak was a Principal Research Scientist in the Department of Research & Technology at Advanced Bionics, a leading producer of cochlear implants. (nih.gov)
Exoskeleton2
- In 2008, Berkeley Bionics introduced the appropriately-named HULC (or Human Universal Load Carrier), which is an unteth-ered exoskeleton that augments the user's strength and endurance. (techcrunch.com)
- Vilje Bionics prepares the exoskeleton for usability test in collaboration with i4Helse and UiA. (viljebionics.com)
Prosthesis2
- The multidisciplinary training received by master graduate students in Bionics engineering will allow them to play a driving role in the mentioned industrial realities, especially concerning the design, development and commercialization of bionic devices, neural prosthesis, computer-integrated platforms, aids for the disabled, medical devices, rehabilitation systems and therapeutic micro/nano systems. (bionicsengineering.it)
- She interned with MIT's Biomechatronics Group and D-Lab, prosthesis provider Next Step Bionics & Prosthetics, and 3D design firm Autodesk while getting her bachelor's degree at Wheaton College, Massachusetts. (nih.gov)
Robotics3
- Aim and Scope The IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics (T-MRB) is a quarterly Green Open Access (see details. (ieee-tmrb.org)
- The IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics (T-MRB) is a quarterly Green Open Access (see details in Information for Authors) multi-disciplinary journal aimed at publishing peer-reviewed papers and focused on innovative research ideas and medical application results, reporting significant theoretical findings and application case studies in the areas of medical robotics and bionics. (ieee-tmrb.org)
- Such systems can be based on robotics and automation technology-related paradigms (e.g. surgical robots, devices for physical and cognitive rehabilitation, supporting systems for independent living, etc.) on bionics paradigms (e.g. medical systems which mimic living organisms or technologies that intimately interact with the human body), or the combinations of them, e.g. robotic artificial organs and other active implantable devices featuring direct interfaces to the human body. (ieee-tmrb.org)
Innovation1
- They must be able to study, analyze and propose practical solutions in all the different areas of bionics engineering, thus allowing the development of highly innovative research-grounded products, leading the market through innovation. (bionicsengineering.it)
Medical2
- Retrospective study of the medical records of the patients fitted with Advanced Bionics® cochlear implant in our institution between 2011 and 2012. (omicsonline.org)
- Open Bionics develops medical devices that enhance the human body. (openbionics.com)
Year3
- Established in the year 2002, Bionics Remedies (Guj. (bionicsremedies.in)
- The Master of Science in Bionics Engineering is a two-year program, jointly delivered in English by the University of Pisa (UNIPI) and Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (SSSA). (bionicsengineering.it)
- Bionics Records have decided to close this year by summarising the party spirit of last summer with this new release. (beatspace.com)
Patients2
- Evaluate the improvement of speech language and sound perception in patients with prelingual deafness that underwent cochlear implant using Advanced Bionics® device. (omicsonline.org)
- Sixteen patients underwent to cochlear implantation using Advanced Bionics® devices. (omicsonline.org)
Terms1
- I agree to Open Bionics' terms and conditions and privacy policy. (openbionics.com)
Development3
- Below you'll find an interview with the Berkeley Bionics CEO, in which he walks through the company's history and development of the technology behind the devices. (techcrunch.com)
- Bionics Remedies dedicated in the same way in the development of pharmaceutical products of own brand throughout India and other developing countries where, meeting the needs of all class of population. (bionicsremedies.in)
- The vision is that modern bionics engineers shall be able to address the entire process leading to the development of a new bionic device, i.e., moving from the user needs to the design, development and validation in a relevant environment of a prototype. (bionicsengineering.it)
Areas1
- in Bionics Engineering aims to train engineers with a solid background, particularly in the areas of bioengineering, biorobotics and neural engineering, but also with clear and high-level research-oriented skills. (bionicsengineering.it)
Devices1
- Thanks to Berkeley Bionics , I got to take a peak into the future of bionic devices - and get a small taste of what it must feel like to be Anthony Stark (a.k.a. (techcrunch.com)
Market1
- Control Bionics releases Spatial Control, is granted the CE mark for the NeuroNode, establishes a second Australian headquarters office in Melbourne, VIC, gains market entry and funding into Ontario, Canada, and now offers Medicaid coverage in over 50% of US States. (controlbionics.com)
Cochlear Implants2
- Cite this: Advanced Bionics Recalls Certain Cochlear Implants - Medscape - Nov 29, 2010. (medscape.com)
- Before joining the NIH in 2019, Dr. Hudak was a Principal Research Scientist in the Department of Research & Technology at Advanced Bionics, a leading producer of cochlear implants. (nih.gov)
Biomechanics1
- Applied bionics and biomechanics. (nih.gov)