Biomass. Medical search

Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.

Hydrocarbon-rich byproducts from the non-fossilized BIOMASS that are combusted to generate energy as opposed to fossilized hydrocarbon deposits (FOSSIL FUELS).

A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.

A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.

Materials or phenomena which can provide energy directly or via conversion.

Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches.

The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.

A product of hard secondary xylem composed of CELLULOSE, hemicellulose, and LIGNANS, that is under the bark of trees and shrubs. It is used in construction and as a source of CHARCOAL and many other products.

A large family of narrow-leaved herbaceous grasses of the order Cyperales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Food grains (EDIBLE GRAIN) come from members of this family. RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL can be induced by POLLEN of many of the grasses.

The cycle by which the element carbon is exchanged between organic matter and the earth's physical environment.

The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

Tools or devices for generating products using the synthetic or chemical conversion capacity of a biological system. They can be classical fermentors, cell culture perfusion systems, or enzyme bioreactors. For production of proteins or enzymes, recombinant microorganisms such as bacteria, mammalian cells, or insect or plant cells are usually chosen.

Devices for generating biological products that use light as the energy source. They are used for controlled BIOMASS production such as growing cyanobacteria, mosses, or algae.

New immature growth of a plant including stem, leaves, tips of branches, and SEEDLINGS.

A non-taxonomic term for unicellular microscopic algae which are found in both freshwater and marine environments. Some authors consider DIATOMS; CYANOBACTERIA; HAPTOPHYTA; and DINOFLAGELLATES as part of microalgae, even though they are not algae.

Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.

Free-floating minute organisms that are photosynthetic. The term is non-taxonomic and refers to a lifestyle (energy utilization and motility), rather than a particular type of organism. Most, but not all, are unicellular algae. Important groups include DIATOMS; DINOFLAGELLATES; CYANOBACTERIA; CHLOROPHYTA; HAPTOPHYTA; CRYPTOMONADS; and silicoflagellates.

The variety of all native living organisms and their various forms and interrelationships.

Any combustible hydrocarbon deposit formed from the remains of prehistoric organisms. Examples are petroleum, coal, and natural gas.

The art or practice of preparing food. It includes the preparation of special foods for diets in various diseases.

Processes orchestrated or driven by a plethora of genes, plant hormones, and inherent biological timing mechanisms facilitated by secondary molecules, which result in the systematic transformation of plants and plant parts, from one stage of maturity to another.

A family of glycosidases that hydrolyse crystalline CELLULOSE into soluble sugar molecules. Within this family there are a variety of enzyme subtypes with differing substrate specificities that must work together to bring about complete cellulose hydrolysis. They are found in structures called CELLULOSOMES.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., GENETIC ENGINEERING) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include TRANSFECTION and CLONING technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction.

A plant genus of the family POACEAE. The seed is one of the EDIBLE GRAINS used in millet cereals and in feed for birds and livestock (ANIMAL FEED). It contains diosgenin (SAPONINS).

The sequence of transfers of matter and energy from organism to organism in the form of FOOD. Food chains intertwine locally into a food web because most organisms consume more than one type of animal or plant. PLANTS, which convert SOLAR ENERGY to food by PHOTOSYNTHESIS, are the primary food source. In a predator chain, a plant-eating animal is eaten by a larger animal. In a parasite chain, a smaller organism consumes part of a larger host and may itself be parasitized by smaller organisms. In a saprophytic chain, microorganisms live on dead organic matter.

The protection, preservation, restoration, and rational use of all resources in the total environment.

A climate which is typical of equatorial and tropical regions, i.e., one with continually high temperatures with considerable precipitation, at least during part of the year. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers.

A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations.

Parts of plants that usually grow vertically upwards towards the light and support the leaves, buds, and reproductive structures. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

A plant genus of the family SALICACEAE. Members contain salicin, which yields SALICYLIC ACID.

The contamination of indoor air.

The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)

The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.

Places for cultivation and harvesting of fish, particularly in sea waters. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Any of several processes for the permanent or long-term artificial or natural capture or removal and storage of carbon dioxide and other forms of carbon, through biological, chemical or physical processes, in a manner that prevents it from being released into the atmosphere.

The study, utilization, and manipulation of those microorganisms capable of economically producing desirable substances or changes in substances, and the control of undesirable microorganisms.

Forms of energy that are constantly and rapidly renewed by natural processes such as solar, ocean wave, and wind energy. (from McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.

Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The pattern of any process, or the interrelationship of phenomena, which affects growth or change within a population.

The act of feeding on plants by animals.

The science of developing, caring for, or cultivating forests.

Water containing no significant amounts of salts, such as water from RIVERS and LAKES.

The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.

Substances or mixtures that are added to the soil to supply nutrients or to make available nutrients already present in the soil, in order to increase plant growth and productivity.

The processes by which organisms use simple inorganic substances such as gaseous or dissolved carbon dioxide and inorganic nitrogen as nutrient sources. Contrasts with heterotrophic processes which make use of organic materials as the nutrient supply source. Autotrophs can be either chemoautotrophs (or chemolithotrophs), largely ARCHAEA and BACTERIA, which also use simple inorganic substances for their metabolic energy reguirements; or photoautotrophs (or photolithotrophs), such as PLANTS and CYANOBACTERIA, which derive their energy from light. Depending on environmental conditions some organisms can switch between different nutritional modes (autotrophy; HETEROTROPHY; chemotrophy; or PHOTOTROPHY) to utilize different sources to meet their nutrient and energy requirements.

A great expanse of continuous bodies of salt water which together cover more than 70 percent of the earth's surface. Seas may be partially or entirely enclosed by land, and are smaller than the five oceans (Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Antarctic).

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

Minute free-floating animal organisms which live in practically all natural waters.

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

A genus of trees of the Myrtaceae family, native to Australia, that yields gums, oils, and resins which are used as flavoring agents, astringents, and aromatics.

Debris resulting from a process that is of no further use to the system producing it. The concept includes materials discharged from or stored in a system in inert form as a by-product of vital activities. (From Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1981)

The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.

A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.

The processes by which organisms utilize organic substances as their nutrient sources. Contrasts with AUTOTROPHIC PROCESSES which make use of simple inorganic substances as the nutrient supply source. Heterotrophs can be either chemoheterotrophs (or chemoorganotrophs) which also require organic substances such as glucose for their primary metabolic energy requirements, or photoheterotrophs (or photoorganotrophs) which derive their primary energy requirements from light. Depending on environmental conditions some organisms can switch between different nutritional modes (AUTOTROPHY; heterotrophy; chemotrophy; or PHOTOTROPHY) to utilize different sources to meet their nutrients and energy requirements.

Prolonged dry periods in natural climate cycle. They are slow-onset phenomena caused by rainfall deficit combined with other predisposing factors.

Community of tiny aquatic PLANTS and ANIMALS, and photosynthetic BACTERIA, that are either free-floating or suspended in the water, with little or no power of locomotion. They are divided into PHYTOPLANKTON and ZOOPLANKTON.

The application of heat to raise the temperature of the environment, ambient or local, or the systems for accomplishing this effect. It is distinguished from HEAT, the physical property and principle of physics.

Multicellular marine macroalgae including some members of red (RHODOPHYTA), green (CHLOROPHYTA), and brown (PHAEOPHYTA) algae. They are widely distributed in the ocean, occurring from the tide level to considerable depths, free-floating (planktonic) or anchored to the substratum (benthic). They lack a specialized vascular system but take up fluids, nutrients, and gases directly from the water. They contain CHLOROPHYLL and are photosynthetic, but some also contain other light-absorbing pigments. Many are of economic importance as FOOD, fertilizer, AGAR, potash, or source of IODINE.

Cultivated plants or agricultural produce such as grain, vegetables, or fruit. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982)

A suborder of CRUSTACEA, order Diplostraca, comprising the water fleas. They are benthic filter feeders that consume PHYTOPLANKTON. The body is laterally compressed and enclosed in a bivalved carapace, from which the head extends.

Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.

The enrichment of a terrestrial or aquatic ECOSYSTEM by the addition of nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, that results in a superabundant growth of plants, ALGAE, or other primary producers. It can be a natural process or result from human activity such as agriculture runoff or sewage pollution. In aquatic ecosystems, an increase in the algae population is termed an algal bloom.

Large natural streams of FRESH WATER formed by converging tributaries and which empty into a body of water (lake or ocean).

Number of individuals in a population relative to space.

A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fill, or loess. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1689)

The above-ground plant without the roots.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

Methods and techniques used to genetically modify cells' biosynthetic product output and develop conditions for growing the cells as BIOREACTORS.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Symbiotic combination (dual organism) of the MYCELIUM of FUNGI with the roots of plants (PLANT ROOTS). The roots of almost all higher plants exhibit this mutually beneficial relationship, whereby the fungus supplies water and mineral salts to the plant, and the plant supplies CARBOHYDRATES to the fungus. There are two major types of mycorrhizae: ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae.

Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.

Very young plant after GERMINATION of SEEDS.

A group of different species of microorganisms that act together as a community.

A plant genus of the family BETULACEAE that is distinguished from birch (BETULA) by its usually stalked winter buds and by cones that remain on the branches after the small, winged nutlets are released.

A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.

A plant family of the order Typhales, subclass Commelinidae, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons) that contains a single genus, Typha, that grows worldwide.

A plant family of the order Najadales, subclass ALISMATIDAE, class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). This is a group of perennial aquatic herbs with basal leaves.

An endocellulase with specificity for the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages in CELLULOSE, lichenin, and cereal beta-glucans.

A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.

Regulation of the start of DNA replication in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (1/2814)

Cells of Schizosaccharomyces pombe were grown in minimal medium with different nitrogen sources under steady-state conditions, with doubling times ranging from 2.5 to 14 hours. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy confirmed earlier findings that at rapid growth rates, the G1 phase was short and cell separation occurred at the end of S phase. For some nitrogen sources, the growth rate was greatly decreased, the G1 phase occupied 30-50% of the cell cycle, and cell separation occurred in early G1. In contrast, other nitrogen sources supported low growth rates without any significant increase in G1 duration. The method described allows manipulation of the length of G1 and the relative cell cycle position of S phase in wild-type cells. Cell mass was measured by flow cytometry as scattered light and as protein-associated fluorescence. The extensions of G1 were not related to cell mass at entry into S phase. Our data do not support the hypothesis that the cells must reach a certain fixed, critical mass before entry into S. We suggest that cell mass at the G1/S transition point is variable and determined by a set of molecular parameters. In the present experiments, these parameters were influenced by the different nitrogen sources in a way that was independent of the actual growth rate. (+info)

Temperature and pH conditions that prevail during fermentation of sausages are optimal for production of the antilisterial bacteriocin sakacin K. (2/2814)

Sakacin K is an antilisterial bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sake CTC 494, a strain isolated from Spanish dry fermented sausages. The biokinetics of cell growth and bacteriocin production of L. sake CTC 494 in vitro during laboratory fermentations were investigated by making use of MRS broth. The data obtained from the fermentations was used to set up a predictive model to describe the influence of the physical factors temperature and pH on microbial behavior. The model was validated successfully for all components. However, the specific bacteriocin production rate seemed to have an upper limit. Both cell growth and bacteriocin activity were very much influenced by changes in temperature and pH. The production of biomass was closely related to bacteriocin activity, indicating primary metabolite kinetics, but was not the only factor of importance. Acidity dramatically influenced both the production and the inactivation of sakacin K; the optimal pH for cell growth did not correspond to the pH for maximal sakacin K activity. Furthermore, cells grew well at 35 degrees C but no bacteriocin production could be detected at this temperature. L. sake CTC 494 shows special promise for implementation as a novel bacteriocin-producing sausage starter culture with antilisterial properties, considering the fact that the temperature and acidity conditions that prevail during the fermentation process of dry fermented sausages are optimal for the production of sakacin K. (+info)

The role of benzoate in anaerobic degradation of terephthalate. (3/2814)

The effects of acetate, benzoate, and periods without substrate on the anaerobic degradation of terephthalate (1, 4-benzene-dicarboxylate) by a syntrophic methanogenic culture were studied. The culture had been enriched on terephthalate and was capable of benzoate degradation without a lag phase. When incubated with a mixture of benzoate and terephthalate, subsequent degradation with preference for benzoate was observed. Both benzoate and acetate inhibited the anaerobic degradation of terephthalate. The observed inhibition is partially irreversible, resulting in a decrease (or even a complete loss) of the terephthalate-degrading activity after complete degradation of benzoate or acetate. Irreversible inhibition was characteristic for terephthalate degradation only because the inhibition of benzoate degradation by acetate could well be described by reversible noncompetitive product inhibition. Terephthalate degradation was furthermore irreversibly inhibited by periods without substrate of only a few hours. The inhibition of terephthalate degradation due to periods without substrate could be overcome through incubation of the culture with a mixture of benzoate and terephthalate. In this case no influence of a period without substrate was observed. Based on these observations it is postulated that decarboxylation of terephthalate, resulting in the formation of benzoate, is strictly dependent on the concomitant fermentation of benzoate. In the presence of higher concentrations of benzoate, however, benzoate is the favored substrate over terephthalate, and the culture loses its ability to degrade terephthalate. In order to overcome the inhibition of terephthalate degradation by benzoate and acetate, a two-stage reactor system is suggested for the treatment of wastewater generated during terephthalic acid production. (+info)

Citric acid production from xylan and xylan hydrolysate by semi-solid culture of Aspergillus niger. (4/2814)

Citric acid production from xylan and xylan hydrolysate was done by Aspergillus niger Yang no. 2 cultivated in a semi-solid culture using bagasse as a carrier. Yang no. 2 produced 72.4 g/l and 52.6 g/l of citric acid in 5 d from 140 g/l of xylose and arabinose, respectively. Yang no. 2 produced 51.6 g/l of citric acid in 3 d from a concentrated xylan hydrolysate prepared by cellulase treatment, containing 100 g/l of reducing sugars. Moreover, Yang no. 2 directly produced 39.6 g/l of citric acid maximally in 3 d from 140 g/l of xylan. (+info)

High-rate anaerobic treatment of wastewater at low temperatures. (5/2814)

Anaerobic treatment of a volatile fatty acid (VFA) mixture was investigated under psychrophilic (3 to 8 degrees C) conditions in two laboratory-scale expanded granular sludge bed reactor stages in series. The reactor system was seeded with mesophilic methanogenic granular sludge and fed with a mixture of VFAs. Good removal of fatty acids was achieved in the two-stage system. Relative high levels of propionate were present in the effluent of the first stage, but propionate was efficiently removed in the second stage, where a low hydrogen partial pressure and a low acetate concentration were advantageous for propionate oxidation. The specific VFA-degrading activities of the sludge in each of the modules doubled during system operation for 150 days, indicating a good enrichment of methanogens and proton-reducing acetogenic bacteria at such low temperatures. The specific degradation rates of butyrate, propionate, and the VFA mixture amounted to 0.139, 0.110, and 0.214 g of chemical oxygen demand g of volatile suspended solids-1 day-1, respectively. The biomass which was obtained after 1.5 years still had a temperature optimum of between 30 and 40 degrees C. (+info)

Tessaracoccus bendigoensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a gram-positive coccus occurring in regular packages or tetrads, isolated from activated sludge biomass. (6/2814)

An isolate of a Gram-positive bacterium, designated strain Ben 106T, was obtained in pure culture by micromanipulation of a biomass sample obtained from a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor. This isolate grew axenically as cocci or clusters of cocci arranged in regular tetrads and was morphologically similar to the dominant organism observed in the biomass. This morphology resembled that of some Gram-positive and -negative bacteria and the so-called 'G-bacteria' commonly seen in activated sludge samples. Strain Ben 106T is a non-motile, facultative anaerobe. It is oxidase-negative, catalase-positive and is capable of reducing nitrate. This organism can grow between 20 and 37 degrees C, with an optimum temperature of 25 degrees C. The pH range for growth is between 6.0 and 9.0, with an optimum pH of 7.5. The isolate stained positively for intracellular polyphosphate granules. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan is LL-diaminopimelic acid (LL-A2pm) with a glycine moiety at position 1 of the peptide subunit, which characterizes the presence of a rare peptidoglycan (type A3-gamma'). Two menaquinones, MK-9(H4) and MK-7(H4), are present and the main cellular fatty acid is 12-methyltetradecanoic acid. The G + C content is 74 mol%. From phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the isolate differed sufficiently from its closest phylogenetic relatives, namely Propionibacterium propionicum, Propioniferax innocua, Friedmanniella antarctica, Luteococcus japonicus and Microlunatus phosphovorus in the A1 subdivision of the Gram-positive bacteria (i.e. Firmicutes with a high G + C content), suborder Propionibacterineae, to be placed in a new genus, Tessaracoccus, as Tessaracoccus bendigoensis gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is Ben 106T (= ACM 5119T). (+info)

Carbon and electron flow in Clostridium cellulolyticum grown in chemostat culture on synthetic medium. (7/2814)

Previous results indicated poor sugar consumption and early inhibition of metabolism and growth when Clostridium cellulolyticum was cultured on medium containing cellobiose and yeast extract. Changing from complex medium to a synthetic medium had a strong effect on (i) the specific cellobiose consumption, which was increased threefold; and (ii) the electron flow, since the NADH/NAD+ ratios ranged from 0.29 to 2.08 on synthetic medium whereas ratios as high as 42 to 57 on complex medium were observed. These data indicate a better control of the carbon flow on mineral salts medium than on complex medium. By continuous culture, it was shown that the electron flow from glycolysis was balanced by the production of hydrogen gas, ethanol, and lactate. At low levels of carbon flow, pyruvate was preferentially cleaved to acetate and ethanol, enabling the bacteria to maximize ATP formation. A high catabolic rate led to pyruvate overflow and to increased ethanol and lactate production. In vitro, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and ethanol dehydrogenase levels were higher under conditions giving higher in vivo specific production rates. Redox balance is essentially maintained by NADH-ferredoxin reductase-hydrogenase at low levels of carbon flow and by ethanol dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase at high levels of carbon flow. The same maximum growth rate (0.150 h-1) was found in both mineral salts and complex media, proving that the uptake of nutrients or the generation of biosynthetic precursors occurred faster than their utilization. On synthetic medium, cellobiose carbon was converted into cell mass and catabolized to produce ATP, while on complex medium, it served mainly as an energy supply and, if present in excess, led to an accumulation of intracellular metabolites as demonstrated for NADH. Cells grown on synthetic medium and at high levels of carbon flow were able to induce regulatory responses such as the production of ethanol and lactate dehydrogenase. (+info)

Differentiation of Helicobacter pylori isolates based on lectin binding of cell extracts in an agglutination assay. (8/2814)

Plant and animal lectins with various carbohydrate specificities were used to type 35 Irish clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori and the type strain NCTC 11637 in a microtiter plate assay. Initially, a panel of eight lectins with the indicated primary specificities were used: Anguilla anguilla (AAA), Lotus tetragonolobus (Lotus A), and Ulex europaeus I (UEA I), specific for alpha-L-fucose; Solanum tuberosum (STA) and Triticum vulgaris (WGA), specific for beta-N-acetylglucosamine; Glycine max (SBA), specific for beta-N-acetylgalactosamine; Erythrina cristagali (ECA), specific for beta-galactose and beta-N-acetylgalactosamine; and Lens culinaris (LCA), specific for alpha-mannose and alpha-glucose. Three of the lectins (SBA, STA, and LCA) were not useful in aiding in strain discrimination. An optimized panel of five lectins (AAA, ECA, Lotus A, UEA I, and WGA) grouped all 36 strains tested into eight lectin reaction patterns. For optimal typing, pretreatment by washing bacteria with a low-pH buffer to allow protein release, followed by proteolytic degradation to eliminate autoagglutination, was used. Lectin types of treated samples were stable and reproducible. No strain proved to be untypeable by this system. Electrophoretic and immunoblotting analyses of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) indicated that the lectins interact primarily, but not solely, with the O side chain of H. pylori LPS. (+info)

This biomass conversion can result in fuel in solid, liquid, or gas form. This new biomass can also be used directly for ... Biofuels made from waste biomass or from biomass grown on abandoned agricultural lands incur little to no carbon debt.[95] ... Second generation biofuels are fuels manufactured from various types of biomass. Biomass is a wide-ranging term meaning any ... Biomass and the Environment - Basics *^ a b "Biofuels Make a Comeback Despite Tough Economy". Worldwatch Institute. 2011-08-31 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuels

10% biomass can reduce 0.5 Gt CO2 per year and with 16% biomass can achieve zero emission.[citation needed] Direct-cofiring (20 ... If biomass sources are not close by the combustion unit, transporting biomass emits CO2 offsetting the amount of CO2 captured ... While each type of biomass has a different heating value, biomass in general is a low-quality fuel. Thermal conversion of ... Due to the moisture content of biomass, it will affect the calorific value of the combustor. In addition, high volatile biomass ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-energy_with_carbon_capture_and_storage

Biomass and biofuels[edit]. Palm oil is used to produce both methyl ester and hydrodeoxygenated biodiesel.[56] Palm oil methyl ... Biomass Society (Report). Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University. 11 December 2010. Archived from the original on ... "Waste not the palm oil biomass". The Star Online. Retrieved 25 February 2013 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_oil_production

Biomass briquettes[edit]. Main article: Biomass briquettes. The extrusion production technology of fuel briquettes is the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extruding

Biomass[edit]. Biomass degradation refers to the utilization of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi to produce enzymes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Dye_Degradation

Biomass[edit]. Sources of biomass in the Netherlands include the biogenic fraction of waste that is burned in waste ... Total biomass 21 649 42 886 12 123 76 657 - *The consumption of biofuels for mobile vehicles in the construction and farming ... Biomass gross final consumption (TJ) by energy sector, 2013. (Data extract).[20] Electricity Heat Transport Total ... Decentralised electricity production from solid biomass and bioliquid 3 904 1 436 5 340 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_Netherlands

Biomass functions applicable to European beech[permanent dead link] E. CIENCIALA, M. ČERNÝ, J. APLTAUER, Z. EXNEROVÁ, JOURNAL ... Assessment of forest biomass and carbon stocks[edit]. In 2013, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ... 1983 Allometric biomass equations for 98 species of herbs, shrubs, and small trees. Research note NC-299. USDA Forest Service, ... In 2012, FAO and CIRAD published a manual for building tree volume and biomass allometric equations for students, technicians ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_allometry

"Republic Services announces LFGTE project in California". Biomass. 4 May 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2016. Gerlat, Allan (27 July ... "Republic Services announces LFGTE project in California". Biomass Magazine. 4 May 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2016. Toplikar, Dave ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_Services

"Lipid and biomass production by the halotolerant microalga Nannochloropsis salina". Biomass. 12: 37-47. doi:10.1016/0144-4565( ... Various strains of Nannochloropsis were shown to accumulate up to 60% - 70% of their overall biomass as lipids in nitrogen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nannochloropsis

Total consumption of biomass amounted to 107 PJ in 2013. There were 39 CHP plants using biomass as a fuel in 2014 consuming ... Biomass. Biomass provides the largest share of renewable energy in Denmark when considering the electricity sector, heating and ... Biomass is sometimes co-fired with other fuels including a small percentage that is co-fired with waste. Around 40% of the ... Total consumption of Biomass is expected to rise to 115PJ by 2024. A number of power stations are being converted from using ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Denmark

Biomass Magazine. Retrieved 2008-11-17. Dickerson, Marla (2008-07-10). "Letting the sea cultivate the land". Los Angeles Times ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicornia

It is also suitable to produce large amounts of biomass, able to make 10 to 20 metric tons (11 to 22 short tons) per hectare ... Brooker, M.I.H. & Kleinig, D.A. Field Guide to Eucalyptus, Bloomings, Melbourne 2001 "Mallee". Biomass Producer. Australian ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptus_dumosa

Due to this change in the carbon stock of the soil and the biomass, indirect land use change has consequences in the GHG ... Because natural lands, such as rainforests and grasslands, store carbon in their soil and biomass as plants grow each year, ... "BIO asks EPA to maintain flexibility in life-cycle analysis for RFS". Biomass Magazine. 2009-06-06. Retrieved 2009-06-17. " ... Goettemoeller, Jeffrey; Adrian Goettemoeller (2007). "Sustainable Ethanol: Biofuels, Biorefineries, Cellulosic Biomass, Flex- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirect_land_use_change_impacts_of_biofuels

"Landfill gas ranks Coca-Cola third in EPA green power users". Biomass Magazine. Retrieved 8/9/2012. Check date values in: , ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hickory_Ridge_Landfill

"Online Plant Map". Biomass Magazine. BBI International. Retrieved 22 March 2015. Nacogdoches Generating Facility "International ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Texas

It is also suitable to produce large amounts of biomass, able to make 10 to 20 metric tons (11 to 22 short tons) per hectare ... "Mallee". Biomass Producer. Australian Government. 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2017. "Open mallee woodlands and sparse mallee ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptus_incrassata

biomass power plant". Biomass Magazine. Retrieved 2014-02-01. Simet, Anna (2013-11-14). "Rentech provides update on Ontario ... At the same year it purchased the 55 MW biomass integrated gasification combined cycle power plant project in Port St. Joe, ... It closed its product demonstration unit in Commerce City which was developing technology for conversion of cellulosic biomass ... "Rentech plans to build $500M biomass plant in Ontario". TheRecord. The Canadian Press. 2011-05-06. Retrieved 2014-02-01. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rentech

"Waste Biomass Carbonization Plant - KG Biomass Plant". Field, Christopher B. "Emissions pathways, climate change, and impacts ... Carbon 14 dating can determine with precision the biomass fraction of waste, and also determine the biomass calorific value. ... In addition, nearly all biodegradable waste is biomass. That is, it has biological origin. This material has been formed by ... Such considerations are the main reason why several countries administrate WtE of the biomass part of waste as renewable energy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste-to-energy

Algae Biomass. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1980. pp. 603-610. Ben-Amotz A, Avron M. Accumulation of metabolites by halotolerant algae ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunaliella_salina

"Use of mobile fast pyrolysis plants to densify biomass and reduce biomass handling costs-A preliminary assessment". Biomass & ... Assessment of sustainable energy potential of non-plantation biomass resources in Sri Lanka, 29 Biomass & Bioenergy 199, 204 ( ... If biomass is pyrolyzed to biochar and put back into the soil, rather than being completely burned, this may reduce carbon ... Mobile pyrolysis units can be used to lower the costs of transportation of the biomass if the biochar is returned to the soil ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochar

"Alter NRG Announces Commissioning of Biomass Gasifier at Waste To Liquids Facility in China" (Press release). Alter NRG. ... "INEOS Bio Commercializes bioenergy technology in Florida" (PDF). Biomass Program. 2011-11-21. "The Plasma Arc Waste Destruction ... biomass, industrial waste, hazardous waste, and solid hydrocarbons, such as coal, oil sands, petcoke and oil shale. Small ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_gasification

"Integrated Size Reduction and Separation to Pre-Fractionate Biomass" (PDF). Annual Report to Congress on the Biomass Research ... "Biomass Products & Technology". February 2010. "Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) project: Combined Drying and Grinding ... "Integrated Size Reduction and Separation to Pre-Fractionate Biomass" (PDF). University of Tennessee, Al Womac, Ph.D, P.E. 2005 ... Thermix/KDS Biomass Combustion System" (PDF). Sustainable Development Technology Fund - 2008 Annual Report Supplement. " ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDS_Micronex

"Official opening of biomass terminal at Port of Hull signals start of City's renewables revolution" (Press release). ABP. 4 ... In 2013, a 1 million tonne per year capacity sea to rail biomass facility, with a 164 ft (50 m) silo was constructed to supply ... A 160 by 390 feet (50 by 120 m) specialised biomass dry bulk warehouse was opened in late 2015. In addition to the dry docks in ... Burton, James (11 December 2015). "ABP opens £4m biomass warehouse in King George Dock". Hull Daily Mail. Retrieved 22 December ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_of_Hull

"Shalivahana Green Energy , Bio Mass , Municipal Solid Waste , Wind Energy , Hydel Energy". Shalivahanagroup.com. Retrieved 2012 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_India

The break up of other renewable energy sources (RES) is: wind power (28,700.44 MW), Solar power (9,012.69 MW), Biomass power & ... "Shalivahana Green Energy , Bio Mass , Municipal Solid Waste , Wind Energy , Hydel Energy". Shalivahanagroup.com. Retrieved 2012 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_India

Crofts volunteers as an NED of the Biomass Energy Co-op, was a founding director of trading arm of Knowsley Foodbank and serves ... "About Us , Biomass Energy". biomassenergy.coop. Retrieved 2017-02-03. (http://www.forepoint.co.uk), Forepoint. "Governance , ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Crofts

Kitani, Osumu; Carl W. Hall (1989). Biomass Handbook. Taylor & Francis US. p. 256. ISBN 2-88124-269-3. Pimental, David (2007). ... accounting for at least half the biomass on Earth. The biodiversity of the prokaryotes is unknown, but may be very large. A May ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism

The tree is suitable to produce large amounts of biomass, able to make 10 to 20 metric tons (11 to 22 short tons) per hectare ... "Mallee". Biomass Producer. Australian Government. 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2017. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptus_diversifolia

Biomass, (1990). 23(4): p. 289-305. Macfarlane, AL, Prestidge, R, Farid, MM, Chen, JJJ, Dissolved air flotation: A novel ... With the AST process, lignocellulosic biomass is treated with sulfuric acid, water, butanol and other organic solvents, water, ... Sarkanen, KV, Acid-catalysed delignification of lignocellulosics in organic solvents, in Progress in Biomass Conversion, K V ... residual biomass, and lignin recovery was investigated using RSM. The glucose concentration at the optimum conditions was 4.22- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organosolv

E. socialis is suitable to produce large amounts of biomass, able to make 10 to 20 metric tons (11 to 22 short tons) per ... "Mallee". Biomass Producer. Australian Government. 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2017. "Eucalyptus socialis ssp. socialis (Myrtaceae) ... Biomass Carbon Stocks in the Great Western Woodlands. Australian National University Press. ISBN 9781921666704. "Eucalyptus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptus_socialis

Here we quantify the human-made mass, referred to as anthropogenic mass, and compare it to the overall living biomass on ... Estimates of global total biomass (the mass of all living things) and anthopogenic mass (the mass embedded in inanimate objects ... will surpass all global living biomass. On average, for each person on the globe, anthropogenic mass equal to more than his or ... An emerging question is how the overall material output of human activities compares to the overall natural biomass. ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-3010-5.epdf?sharing_token=db4NuB23PTnNXmG3eKcJINRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0MLvUZ1C0L35yEQYHf_pwmiKx-xqIzWDg-_bH8WmUJdQqtpn47mMHW3TVBK7mQukIAb_UHrqXfW8hMoRAVYlZ_YjBSR2hYLNnxFCGRMLIXVNuOQ60E5TnFXZ8QAhVGv0ZcoU9dtO7anRgsouyOWgfybqNBCSiffpS0qUUzh4kQvC7xuMLY82u02CwciWbOELxE%3D&tracking_referrer=www.nationalgeographic.com&error=cookies_not_supported&code=7aae114e-b6fe-489e-b43a-d819e2d8bf72

The company says it will use waste wood as its primary source of biomass and expects the plant to be the largest biomass plant ... Categories Air, Clean Energy, Environmental Management, FacilitiesTags Biomass, Government, Sustainability, U.S., Utilities, ... Xcel Energy Plans Midwest Biomass Plant. February 25, 2009. by Paul Nastu. ... When completed, the project will convert the plants remaining coal-fired unit to biomass gasification technology, allowing it ...

https://www.environmentalleader.com/2009/02/xcel-energy-plans-midwest-biomass-plant/

Resources - Biomass. Posted on April 29, 2014. by John A A slist of peer-reviewed studies, NGO reports, briefings and letters ... Biofuelwatch Report: Biomass: The Chain of Destruction (including the case report Plantations for Energy: A Case Study of ... Biomass Sustainability Standards - a Credible Tool for Avoiding Negative Impacts from Large-scale Bioenergy?, joint briefing by ...

https://www.biofuelwatch.org.uk/2014/resources-biomass/

Different biomass feedstocks generate more or less carbon, but some sources of biomass are unsustainable, such as corn grown ... aerosolsatmospheric warmingbioconversionbioelectricitybioenergybiofuelbiomassbiomass processingblack sootbrown rotcarbon ... Further, the (non-industrial) burning of biomass in the developing world-especially woody biomass derived from forests/ ... The actual research results were published in the March 2010 edition of the journal of Biomass Bioenergy.. Image: biomass- ...

http://planetsave.com/2010/07/25/woody-biomass-breakthrough-fungus-is-the-key/

First the complementarity features of economic equilibrium and its integration with an ecological representation of the biomass ... The complementarity format permits detailed modeling of the growth and harvest of a biomass stock together with a second-best ... for gauging the likely effects of environmental subsidies and taxes intended to promote increases CO2 storage in forest biomass ... This study introduces a framework for modeling a renewable forest biomass stock interacting with economic sectors in a ...

https://ideas.repec.org/p/hhs/slucer/2011_010.html

"The Biomass Crop Assistance Program currently supports more than 890 growers and landowners farming nearly 49,000 acres to ... Facilities seeking to be qualified by USDA to accept biomass can begin enrollment between today, May 23, and June 6, 2016. BCAP ... 4, 2016, USDA will accept applications from foresters and farmers seeking incentives to remove biomass residues from fields or ... The funds come through the Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP), which was reauthorized by the 2014 Farm Bill. ...

https://www.fsa.usda.gov/state-offices/Alabama/news-releases/2016/stnr_al_20160525_rel_009

... the publication maintains a core editorial focus on biomass logistics: generating, cultivating, collecting, transporting, ... Biomass Magazine is a monthly trade publication tailored to serve companies and organizations engaged in producing and/or ... utilizing biomass power and heat, advanced biofuels, biogas, wood pellets and biobased chemicals. In addition to policy, ... Since joining the biomass team, hes strived to cover the most relevant, useful and pressing issues on all things biomass-based ...

http://biomassmagazine.com/authors/view/Luke_Geiver

A biomass combined-heat-and-power (CHP) project in southwest England is beginning the final phase of commissioning and is on ... A biomass combined-heat-and-power (CHP) project in southwest England is beginning the final phase of commissioning and is on ... UK biomass CHP plant begins commissioning By Erin Voegele , February 19, 2018 ...

http://biomassmagazine.com/articles/15068/uk-biomass-chp-plant-begins-commissioning

biomass (usually uncountable, plural biomasses). *The total mass of a living thing or part thereof, such as a cell. *2005, ... Since protein constitutes the majority of the biomass of a cell, building new protein is a major way that cells increase their ... sharks make up 75 per cent of the fish biomass.. ...

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/biomass

... and degradable aquatic biomass. Process inputs can give small industries… ... Sources biomass * 1. BIOENERGY 1. Biomass: sources, characteristics & preparation:  Sources and classification of biomass ... Reference: Forests as biomass energy resources in India by B. N. Dwivedi and O. N. Kaul in Biomass Energy Systems, Edited by P. ... Biomass & Bio-energy 14, no5-6, pp 479-488, 1998 A techno-economic evaluation of biomass briquetteing in India A.K.Tripathi, ...

https://www.slideshare.net/janapra/sources-biomass

An outline of the different types of biomass produced by agriculture, and how their production must meet environmental ... Biomass resources in agriculture. Biomass is derived from organic material such as trees, plants, and agricultural and urban ... Sustainable biomass production. Production of agricultural biomass in the EU, whether used for food, feed, material or energy, ... The majority of biomass produced by EU agriculture comes in the form of biogas, and feedstocks for making biodiesel and ...

https://ec.europa.eu/info/food-farming-fisheries/sustainability/economic-sustainability/bioeconomy/agricultural-biomass_en

Biomass is another earth-friendly source of energy. ... Biomass gasification involves heating biomass under pressure in ... Types of biomass include wood, crops, landfill gas, alcohol fuels and trash. Biomass can either be a waste product or grown ... Co-firing mixes biomass with coal at coal-fired power plants, which may offer a transitional means of somewhat cleaner energy ... In short, biomass is organic material made by living organisms that contains stored energy from the sun. Plants absorb radiant ...

https://www.treehugger.com/what-is-biomass-4860767

Home Heating with Biomass Humans have heated their dwellings and cooked their food with wood (biomass) for thousands of years. ... Commercial Heating with Biomass Biomass is also considered a viable source of renewable thermal energy for the commercial ... Biomass Biomass is organic matter, including plant material that may be considered fuel and used as an energy source. ... Biomass Incentive and Grant Programs To help achieve sustainability and meet carbon reduction goals the State currently has ...

https://www.mass.gov/service-details/biomass

EVALUATION STUDY ON PROGRAMME FORGRID-CONNECTED BIOMASS POWER, BAGASSE COGENERATION AND NON-BAGASSE COGENERATION IN INDUSTRIES ... EVALUATION OF BIOMASS POWER PLANTS The evaluation of biomass power plants is categorized into the following:  Biomass as a ... Another way through which biomass is procured is through biomass agents who buy biomass from farmers, store it for months ... biomass sector is 17,000 MW 5% of land use for biomass generation increases the biomass power potential to 32,000 MW ...

https://www.slideshare.net/RamMarthi/ppt-biomass-study-mnre

Infocast is scheduled to present its first Biomass Trade & Transport Summit in Charlotte, North Carolina, ... Infocast Biomass Trade & Transport Summit BrochureInfocasts Biomass Trade & Transport Summit is an unprecedented opportunity ... long-term flow of biomass, and what infrastructures are required for efficient biomass logistics in a supply chain. The ... Due to foreign initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, the demand for US export of biomass to Europe and Asia has ...

http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/6/prweb9593550.htm

... assists communities and businesses for biomass removal and market development, and develops and deploys the science and ... The Forest Service manages and utilizes biomass on national forests, ... technology to better manage and utilize biomass resources. ... Woody Biomass Utilization *Home. *What is Woody Biomass ... Incentives for Biomass Utilization at the Federal Level (PDF, 0.4 MB) - presentation by Marcia Patton-Mallory, PhD, Biomass and ...

https://www.fs.fed.us/woodybiomass/events/index.shtml

In the righthand image (September 7), a large carbon monoxide plume is seen over Brazil, produced primarily by biomass burning ... result of South American fire emissions and the transport of carbon monoxide across the Atlantic Ocean from widespread biomass ...

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/1144/carbon-monoxide-from-biomass-burning

Some cities are turning to trees and grass as their best bet for producing renewable energy, leading to a new building boom in biomass power plants.

https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124381655398570779

Biomass Plant matter of recent (nongeologic) origin. Cellulase One or more enzymes that catalyze the reaction of water with ... Cellulosic biomass Also known as lignocellulosic biomass, the structural part of plants that is not edible by humans and ... Cummer KR, Brown RC (2002) Ancillary equipment for biomass gasification. Biomass Bioenergy 23:113-128CrossRefGoogle Scholar ... Wyman CE (1995). Biomass-derived oxygenates for transportation fuels. Proceedings - biomass conference of the Americas: energy ...

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-1-4939-2493-6_521-3

News for Biomass continually updated from thousands of sources on the web : Sacramento Municipal Utility DISTRICTRagingWires ... Biomass News. News on Biomass continually updated from thousands of sources around the net. ... Connecticut to phase down value of biomass, landfill gas RECs Friday Feb 16 , World News Report , ...

http://www.topix.com/energy/biomass

The biomass gasification and pyrolysis market in North America is expected to experience high growth during the next few years ... Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis Market: Capital Cost and Generation Cost Ranges by Technology (North America), 2010 Slide 51 ... Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis Market: Market Drivers Ranked in Order of Impact (North America), 2011-2017 Slide 27 ... Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis Market: Market Restraints Ranked in Order of Impact (North America), 2011-2017 Slide 32 ...

https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/north-american-biomass-gasification-and-pyrolysis-market-144896985.html

Biomass: Threatening the Climate and the Forest Center for Biological Diversity. 2.16.10. Forest Biomass: Forest Use or Forest ... Forest Biomass from Public Lands slideshow. Energy Eugene at YouTube.com. 5.06.09. Wildfire Hysteria and "Forest Biomass" ... Forest biomass "mythbusters". Massachusetts Forest Watch. 4.11.09. (St)Umpqua Banks "eco-banking" greenwash. 4.2.09. Wood ... Photo of Forest Biomass Facility using Whole Trees. 1.27.10. Effects of Forest Fires on Carbon Emissions Overstated. ...

https://sites.google.com/site/ecosytemadvocates/biomass-whole-trees

Biomass Deconstruction and Pretreatment. Our mission is to transform lignocellulose into intermediate streams with low toxicity ... The majority of the pretreatment and biomass deconstruction equipment is located in the NREL Integrated Biorefinery Research ... After chemical and/or mechanical deconstruction, an enzymatic hydrolysis is performed to convert biomass polysaccharides into ... by noble metal and acid zeoloite catalytic upgrading of biomass-derived lignin waste streams from the NREL-developed ...

https://www.nrel.gov/bioenergy/biomass-deconstruction-pretreatment.html

... 1 - 4 June 2015, Vienna, Austria ... Join us in Vienna for the 23rd European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, the leading international platform for dialogue ...

https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/16413/23rd-european-biomass-conference-and-exhibition

A) Absolute biomass is represented using a Voronoi diagram, with the area of each cell being proportional to the global biomass ... General framework for estimating global biomass. The procedure begins with local samples of biomass across the globe. The more ... Graphical representation of the global biomass distribution by taxa. (A) Absolute biomasses of different taxa are represented ... we extrapolate the biomass across the entire globe. The resolution of the resulting biomass distribution map is dependent on ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/115/25/6506/tab-figures-data

... a biomass boiler can produce enough energy to provide central heating and hot water for your business, in place of ... Why should you use biomass for your business? ... Biomass benefits for Business * Installing biomass gives A ... Potential incentive by using Biomass Biomass Boilers System Performance. Boiler running hours are estimated at 1,500 hours per ... Why should you use biomass for your business? a biomass boiler can produce enough energy to provide central heating and hot ...

http://www.funnyordie.com/articles/476e7a4705/biomass-incentives-for-business

But there is another dimension to the oil palm industrys energy potential - the use of biomass to generate electricity. ... Umakanthan, who has over 30 years experience in fossil fuel and biomass power plant design, says biomass as a renewable energy ... He says it is now an appropriate time to tap RE resources such as biomass, before fossil fuels such as oil and coal are ... According to Umakanthan, it will take 20 to 22 months at a cost of about RM70mil to build a 10MW biomass power plant. The ...

https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2009/01/17/biomass-as-renewable-energy

Biomass energy.. [Library of Congress. Science, Technology, and Business Division. Science Reference Services,;] ... Biomass energy.. Author:. Library of Congress. Science, Technology, and Business Division. Science Reference Services,. ... Biomass energy./Library of Congress. Science, Technology, and Business Division. Science Reference Services,;; [Washington, D.C ... http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85014231> # Biomass energy. a schema:Intangible ;. schema:name "Biomass energy"@en ;. ...

http://www.worldcat.org/title/biomass-energy/oclc/855109058

... biomass related websites and resources, including local producer groups ... A selection of links, organised by category, to other, generally non-commercial, biomass related websites and resources, ...

https://www.forestry.gov.uk/fr/beeh-abulxe

This includes pyrolysis chemistry of individual biomass-derived polymers (e.g. cellulose), reaction-transport models of biomass ... 446d) Biomass Pyrolysis: Can a Single Severity Factor Describe the Effect of Pyrolysis Conditions on the Final Biochar Product? ... 446b) Global Kinetics of Species Formation during High Temperature Pyrolysis of Coal and Biomass in CO2 Environment ... 446c) Fast Pyrolysis Kinetic Study for Ten Ecuadorian Agricultural Residual Biomass Samples ...

https://www.aiche.org/conferences/aiche-annual-meeting/2017/proceeding/session/pyrolysis-biomass

Through bioconversion of biomass to a mixed alcohol fuel, more energy from the biomass will end up as liquid fuels than in ... The bioconversion of biomass to mixed alcohol fuels can be accomplished using the MixAlco process. ... Advanced Biomass Refinery - Third-Generation 2007 (video) Archived 1 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine. ... As the microoganisms anaerobically digest the biomass and convert it into a mixture of carboxylic acids, the pH must be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioconversion_of_biomass_to_mixed_alcohol_fuels

The use of biomass has increased significantly in the last two decades making bioenergy the most widely used renewable energy ... to continue since several large scale combined heat and power plants have plans to convert from fossil fuels to woody biomass. ... Biomass is the most dominant source of renewable energy in Denmark. In the 1980s and 1990s the use of solid biomass was ... Biomass. The use of biomass has increased significantly in the last two decades making bioenergy the most widely used renewable ...

https://ens.dk/en/our-responsibilities/bioenergy/solid-biomass

El sitio web de la UCLM utiliza cookies propias y de terceros con fines técnicos y de análisis, pero no recaba ni cede datos de carácter personal de los usuarios. Sin embargo, puede haber enlaces a sitios web de terceros, con políticas de cookies distintas a la de la UCLM, que usted podrá aceptar o no cuando acceda a ellos.. Puede obtener más información en la Política de cookies. Si continuas navegando, entendemos que aceptas su uso. Aceptar. ...

https://www.uclm.es/en/centros-investigacion/ier/biomasa/personal

UTB ID 201503541, Liquid hydrocarbons from biomass derived ethanol, U.S. Patent App. 15/178,046. ...

https://www.ornl.gov/partnerships/liquid-hydrocarbons-biomass-derived-ethanol

About the Western Regional Biomass Research Center (WRBRC). The Western Regional Biomass Research Center (WRBRC) is a network ... The oils have biomass application as well as other industrial uses. Castor is another potentially valuable source of hydroxyl ... The WRBRC is one of four regional USDA Biomass Research Centers that were established in 2010 to coordinate USDA-ARS intramural ... Simulation models are being used to predict biomass yields and greenhouse gas fluxes in various biofuel cropping systems in ...

https://www.ars.usda.gov/pacific-west-area/maricopa-arizona/us-arid-land-agricultural-research-center/docs/western-regional-biomass-research-center/

Xcel Energy plans to install biomass gasification technology at its Bay Front Power Plant in Ashland, Wis. (environmentalleader.com)
When completed, the project will convert the plant's remaining coal-fired unit to biomass gasification technology, allowing it to use 100 percent biomass in all three boilers. (environmentalleader.com)
What is biomass gasification power generation? (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
To improve the power generation efficiency, the biomass gasification power plant is equipped with a heat recovery boiler and a steam turbine. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
Biomass gasification power generation The process of biomass gasification. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
The raw materials for biomass gasification are various, including wood processing waste, agriculture residues. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)

WASHINGTON, May 23, 2016 - U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Farm Service Agency (FSA) Administrator Val Dolcini today announced that incentives resume this month for farmers and foresters who grow and harvest biomass for renewable energy and biobased products. (usda.gov)
Through BCAP, USDA is incentivizing more than 890 growers and landowners farming nearly 49,000 acres to establish and produce dedicated, nonfood energy crops for delivery to energy conversion facilities, and the department has expanded insurance coverage and other safety net options to support farmers producing biomass for renewable energy. (usda.gov)
Biomass is the country's largest source of domestic renewable energy, supplying about three times as much energy as wind and solar power combined. (wfpa.org)
Forest thinning to improve forest health by reducing fuel loads on eastside dry land forests can provide woody biomass for additional renewable energy feedstocks. (wfpa.org)
U.S. forests, including family-owned forests, are a potential source of biomass for renewable energy. (umass.edu)
For over 46 years, English Boiler has constructed complete renewable energy systems using biomass as a fuel source. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)
Biomass is a promising option for providing locally produced, renewable energy in Pennsylvania. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)

Ashwell Biomass in Leicester specialises in the manufacture, supply, installation and maintenance of high quality biomass boilers. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)
Biomass boilers last longer and work more effectively than usual boilers. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)
ISGEC manufactures boilers like oil and gas fired boiler , bagasse fired boiler, biomass fired boiler , travelling grate boiler, dumping grate boiler and btg package. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)
Biomass Systems Supply offers a full range of biomass boilers using technology from Denmark and Sweden. (biomasssystemssupply.com)
The biomass boilers range from 40,000 btu/hr (12kw) all the way up to 119,000,000 btu/hr (35MW). (biomasssystemssupply.com)
AHG introduces the Pellexia Pellet Boiler as a solution to the increasing call for biomass boilers that use renewable resources. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
Wood pellet biomass boilers are simply boilers that run solely on burning wood pellets and can provide all of your heating and hot water requirements. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
2019-10-4·Biomass Boilers and Furnaces available at Obadiah's. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
Biomass briquette hot water boilers, can adopt wood chips, small size wood log, rice hust pellet, straw pellet, olive as reliable, cost saving and enviroment friendly heating system, are widely used in domestic heating, hotel heating, hospitable and school heating and other hot water needed field. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
Biomass Engineering is the main distributor for Fröling biomass boilers in the Republic of Ireland with turnkey solutions ranging from 7kW to 1,500kW. (biomassengineering.ie)
A biomass boiler can achieve energy efficiency of 89 - 91% which is equal to the high efficiency gas and oil boilers on the market. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
Oct 09, 2018 · Domestic biomass boilers usually start at around £10,000 and commercial biomass boilers can cost considerably more so overall it is a big investment. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
The definition of "biomass boilers" refers to all boilers and plants powered by fuels of organic origin: industrial and urban waste of plant or animal origin which can no longer be used, but which can be transformed into electricity and heat. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
Thankfully there are green alternatives to biomass boilers in the form of heat pumps. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)

Generating electricity with biomass provides environmental benefits that make it a preferred alternative to fossil fuels. (wfpa.org)
If we substitute biomass fuels for fossil fuels, we recycle carbon to the atmosphere rather than introducing geologic carbon to the atmosphere - helping reduce the buildup of CO₂. (wfpa.org)
Approximately 50% of the world's population uses biomass fuels for cooking, light and heat, often in dwellings where ventilation is poor. (ersjournals.com)
The new biomass fuel is formed into pellets, and consequently has less volume than woody chip fuels, leading to improved transportation efficiency. (japanfs.org)
By removing trees to reduce wildfire fuels on the land, these communities produce the wood, or biomass, needed for wood-burning systems. (colostate.edu)
leaving researchers with the option of utilising lignocellulosic biomass with complex organic structures for conversion to fuels ethanol through biological processes. (scirp.org)
Biomass fuels are organic materials produced in a renewable manner. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)
Steam & Power Generation from Biomass & Waste Fuels. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)
Companies, acadamia, governments that have a green thinking agenda are now using biomass to off set the impact of their activities that previously used fossil fuels. (biomasssystemssupply.com)
2019-10-2·Pellet fuels (or pellets) are biofuels made from compressed organic matter or biomass. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
The types of biomass fuels used are abbreviated: "mill" refers to mill wastes, etc. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
Most of the agricultural biomass resources tend to have a relatively low energy density compared with fossil fuels. (bioenergyconsult.com)

2018-1-28·The Pelco PC 2520 is a biomass hot water boiler that is efficient and suited for commercial or industrial needs. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)

In Washington State, woody biomass is a by-product of the normal forest management harvesting and replanting cycle. (wfpa.org)
Forest thinnings have been identified as the nation's largest underutilized source of woody biomass. (wfpa.org)
By carbonizing at a relatively low temperature, torrefaction, also known as semi-carbonization, allows woody biomass to retain more stored heat compared to normal carbonization. (japanfs.org)
Biomass is woody plant material, derived from the trunks and branches of trees. (colostate.edu)
Woody biomass is a clean and renewable alternative for heating today's new buildings," said Tim Reader, wood products program specialist with the CSFS. (colostate.edu)
The goal of this study is to understand how Massachusetts family forest owners feel about harvesting residual woody biomass from their property. (umass.edu)

BCAP provides financial assistance to farmers and ranchers who establish and maintain new crops of energy biomass, or who harvest and deliver forest or agricultural residues to a USDA-approved facility that creates energy or biobased products. (usda.gov)
Also, between June 15 to Aug. 4, 2016, USDA will accept applications from foresters and farmers seeking incentives to remove biomass residues from fields or national forests for delivery to energy generation facilities. (usda.gov)
Our partnerships with Jernforsen, LINKA and TwinHeat give our clients the opportunity to use baled straw, miscanthus and switchgrass for a fuel along with many other types of agricultural feed stocks, forest residues, waste from wood processing mills and many other types of biomass residues. (biomasssystemssupply.com)
1] Pellets can be made from any one of five general categories of biomass: industrial waste and co-products, food waste, agricultural residues, energy crops, and virgin lumber. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
Whether the biomass comes from forest residues on hill country, straw residues from cereal crops grown on arable land, or the non-edible components of small scale, subsistence farming systems, the relative cost of collection will be considerable. (bioenergyconsult.com)
Some crop residues are often not competitive because the biomass resource is dispersed over large areas leading to high collection and transport costs. (bioenergyconsult.com)

In the context of creating an operational biomass ECV product, USGS scientists evaluated the individual effectiveness of high-resolution commercial imagery (WorldView-2), moderate-resolution multispectral imagery (Landsat 8), and airborne lidar data for estimating the aboveground biomass of forests and woodlands on the San Carlos Apache Reservation in Arizona. (usgs.gov)

This includes decayed or partially-decayed plant, animal, and microorganism material in the soil, which in the northern latitudes, accounts for a large amount of stored carbon biomass. (riverwestcurrents.org)
In contrast, burning biomass releases carbon dioxide that would have been released anyway through decay or wildfire, and is therefore part of the natural carbon cycle. (wfpa.org)
Thus energy produced from biomass is carbon neutral as long as the region practices sustainable forestry. (wfpa.org)
Large uncertainties in terrestrial biomass estimates contribute to errors in carbon stock assessments and climate and ecosystem process modeling. (usgs.gov)
GO Carbon Neutral with a Hurst Biomass Boiler System. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)
Remember: A biomass boiler is still capable of producing carbon monoxide so make sure you have a detector installed. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)

Biofuels (bioethanol) can be produced from biomass feedstocks that are rich in simple sugar such as sucrose, fructose and galactose (e.g. sugarcane) and starchy materials such as plant grain and tubers through direct biodegradation process called fermentation. (scirp.org)

Biomass Systems Supply can help you turn your waste biomass into combined heat and power (CHP). (biomasssystemssupply.com)
Give us a call at 877-474-5521 to learn more about how we can help you use your waste biomass for heating your facilities. (biomasssystemssupply.com)

The funds come through the Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP), which was reauthorized by the 2014 Farm Bill. (usda.gov)
The Biomass Crop Assistance Program currently supports more than 890 growers and landowners farming nearly 49,000 acres to establish and produce dedicated, nonfood energy crops for delivery to energy conversion facilities, and it is a key piece of USDA's strategy to grow the rural economy and create new markets for our farmers and ranchers. (usda.gov)

A Percolation reactor for the thermochemical pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass as a precursor for the production of biofuel such as bioethanol from complex organic polymers is developed by this study. (scirp.org)
The provision of an adequate environment and pre-conditions for enabling chemical hydrolysis of these biomass wastes for biofuel production e.g. bioethanol is the object of this work. (scirp.org)

Hence, a percolation reactor is developed for the thermochemical degradation of the cellulose, hemicellulose and the lignin structure of biomass wastes to fermentable sugars. (scirp.org)
2019-8-30·The ideal fuel for this biomass water boiler is biomass pellets made from wood branches, saw dust, wood bark, wood block, wood pellets, husk, straw, rice straw, manure and other biomass wastes from wood processing industry. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
Biomass is readily available in most parts of the country, but the exact type often depends on nearby sources-for example, wood products in forested regions and agricultural wastes in farming regions. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
Biomass logistics involves all the unit operations necessary to move biomass wastes from the land to the biomass energy plant. (bioenergyconsult.com)

Nippon Paper Industries Co., a major paper manufacturer in Japan, announced on April 3, 2013, that it had developed a new biomass solid fuel using torrefaction, as a project (practical application) under the Strategic Development of Next-Generation Bioenergy Utilization Technology adopted in fiscal 2011 by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). (japanfs.org)

Biomass is just organic matter - think, stuff that's made in nature - like wood pellets, grass clippings and even dung. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)

Facilities seeking to be qualified by USDA to accept biomass can begin enrollment between today, May 23, and June 6, 2016. (usda.gov)
Farmers and forest landowners may enroll for biomass establishment and maintenance payments for these two projects between June 15 and Sept. 13, 2016. (usda.gov)

The company says it will use waste wood as its primary source of biomass and expects the plant to be the largest biomass plant in the Midwest. (environmentalleader.com)
Each biomass plant contributes $8 million to $14 million a year to the local community where it operates, through salaries, purchases and tax revenue.See Biomass Power Association Biomass Basics for more information. (wfpa.org)
This study evaluated the effect of four root-pruning containers: Air-Pots ® , Light Pots TM , Root Pouch Pots, and Smart Pots on plant biomass, root architecture, and medium temperature, relative to standard plastic containers. (ishs.org)
The crops that are categorized as lignocellulosic biomass include maize husk, cassava peelings, wheat straws, guinea corn husk, rice husk, millet husk, sawdust and sorghum plant, which cannot be converted directly to bioethanol but have to undergo the process of chemical hydrolysis to convert their complex organic content to fermentable simple sugar. (scirp.org)
The biomass can be transported directly from farm or from stacks next to the farm to the processing plant. (bioenergyconsult.com)
Biomass may be minimally processed before being shipped to the plant, as in case of biomass supply from the stacks. (bioenergyconsult.com)
The logistics of transporting, handling and storing the bulky and variable biomass material for delivery to the biopower plant is a key part of the biomass supply chain that is often overlooked by project developers. (bioenergyconsult.com)
Careful development of a system to minimize machinery use, human effort and energy inputs can have a considerable impact on the cost of the biomass as delivered to the biomass processing plant gate. (bioenergyconsult.com)
The logistics of supplying a biomass power plant with consistent and regular volumes of biomass are complex. (bioenergyconsult.com)
It can then be converted in the nearby biomass energy plant to more transportable forms of energy carrier if not to be utilized on-site. (bioenergyconsult.com)
The logistics of supplying a biopower plant with sufficient volumes of biomass from a number of sources at suitable quality specifications and possibly all year round, are complex. (bioenergyconsult.com)
In addition, a viable biomass production and distribution system must include producer incentives, encouraging them to sell their post-harvest plant residue. (bioenergyconsult.com)

The more than 100 biomass plants in the country generate 8,500 megawatts of electricity, enough to power 8.5 million homes. (wfpa.org)
In the Northwest, biomass electricity is primarily created by the controlled burning of wood waste that otherwise would be dumped in landfills, burned in open air or left to decompose. (wfpa.org)

Biomass heating systems generate heat from biomass. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)
Biomass energy is the use of organic material to generate energy. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)
Biomass is an efficient way to heat a home, using the very latest is solid fuel technology to generate all the heating and domestic hot water a household may require. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)

It is featured of low cost and wide range of biomass sources. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)

Family forest owners constitute a significant portion of the overall forestland in the U.S., yet little is known about family forest owners' preferences for supplying wood-based biomass. (umass.edu)

Now that you're aware of the advantages and disadvantages of biomass, you'll be in a better position to decide if biomass is the best option for you. (leiderschapondervuur.nl)

Biomass is organic matter derived from living, or recently living organisms. (soliday-sonnenstudio.de)

Two of the World's leading suppliers of biomass boiler systems have partnered up in a new agreement. (biomasssystemssupply.com)

The reactor is designed to hold 3 kg of pulverised biomass of 0.5≤ and ≥0.3 mm particle size for each hydrolysis run, while the mass of other biomass is determined on the basis of density. (scirp.org)
The efficiency of the percolation reactor was determined to be 64.4% ± 2% in the hydrolysis of biomass such as cassava peelings to simple sugar. (scirp.org)
Many researchers have reported on the use of various reactor such as Stir-tank, Plug flow and Batch reactors for the hydrolysis of biomass. (scirp.org)

Trucking seems to be the most common mode of biomass transportation option but rail and pipeline may become attractive once the capital costs for these transport modes are reduced. (bioenergyconsult.com)

Firewood, for example, is a commonly known form of biomass that provides fuel for heating. (colostate.edu)

Biomass Sustainability Standards - a Credible Tool for Avoiding Negative Impacts from Large-scale Bioenergy? (biofuelwatch.org.uk)

2019-4-27 · Biomass steam boiler (also called biomass hot water boiler) is the hot sale SZL Series biomass boiler which adopts chain grate which is suitable for burning the biomass fuel like wood chip, biomass pellet, etc. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
Wood Biomass Pellet Steam Boiler. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
Biomass Pellet Water Boiler - full functions. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)
biomass pellet hot water boiler Zozen High-quality brand Pelco PC 2520 Biomass Hot Water Boiler by Obadiah's Woodstoves. (gasthaus-krenzien.de)

Soil samples (0 to 15 cm) belonging to 15 soil series were collected from the agricultural fields of Potohar, northern Punjab, Pakistan in September, 2008 and analysed for P fractions and microbial parameters including microbial biomass C, microbial biomass N, microbial biomass P, and activities of dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. (ajol.info)
The bioavailable P fractions that is, resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi and NaHCO3-Po showed significant positive relationship with Olsen-P, microbial biomass P, and total organic C, but also with microbial biomass C, microbial biomass N, dehydrogenase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity in the soils. (ajol.info)

An operational biomass Essential Climate Variable (ECV) can improve biomass retrievals by synergistically combining structural information from active remote sensing data with spectral information from passive remote sensing data. (usgs.gov)
Today I was alerted to a paper that demonstrates the major role of biomass burning on regional climate. (wordpress.com)

Co-firing was tested in a pulverized coal boiler at Nippon Paper's Yatsushiro Mill, and as a result, it was possible to mix 25 percent (as a weight ratio) of the new biomass solid fuel with the coal under the maximum load of the boiler. (japanfs.org)
In addition, the new biomass solid fuel may have better crushability and water resistance, and may significantly improve the co-firing rate of biomass in a pulverized coal boiler. (japanfs.org)

Therefore, when media typical to nursery container production are used in such studies, root biomass data will be unreliable and, if reported, should probably be viewed with skepticism. (ishs.org)

The study estimates the probability that Massachusetts landowners will harvest biomass as part of a timber harvest using data from a survey of 932 Massachusetts family forest owners. (umass.edu)

Biomass already provides a significant share of energy production in the U.S. (wfpa.org)
The Romanian Government approved (effective as of 14 April of this year) a State aid scheme which is aimed at stimulating investments in an area which both government officials and market players view as insufficiently developed - the production of energy (power and/or heat) from biomass, biogas, and geothermal sources. (wolftheiss.com)
To ensure sufficient and consistent biomass supplies, all agents involved with the production, collection, storage, and transportation of biomass require compensation for their share of costs incurred. (bioenergyconsult.com)

Anatomy8

Organisms21

Chemicals and Drugs17

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes23

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture15

Health Care25

Geographicals2

Regulation of the start of DNA replication in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. (1/2814)

Temperature and pH conditions that prevail during fermentation of sausages are optimal for production of the antilisterial bacteriocin sakacin K. (2/2814)

The role of benzoate in anaerobic degradation of terephthalate. (3/2814)

Citric acid production from xylan and xylan hydrolysate by semi-solid culture of Aspergillus niger. (4/2814)

High-rate anaerobic treatment of wastewater at low temperatures. (5/2814)

Tessaracoccus bendigoensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a gram-positive coccus occurring in regular packages or tetrads, isolated from activated sludge biomass. (6/2814)

Carbon and electron flow in Clostridium cellulolyticum grown in chemostat culture on synthetic medium. (7/2814)

Differentiation of Helicobacter pylori isolates based on lectin binding of cell extracts in an agglutination assay. (8/2814)

Biomass

Biofuels

Ecosystem

Soil

Carbon

Energy-Generating Resources

Trees

Lignin

Nitrogen

Wood

Poaceae

Carbon Cycle

Plant Roots

Bioreactors

Photobioreactors

Plant Shoots

Microalgae

Fermentation

Phytoplankton

Biodiversity

Fossil Fuels

Cooking

Plant Development

Cellulases

Plant Leaves

Biotechnology

Panicum

Food Chain

Conservation of Natural Resources

Tropical Climate

Biodegradation, Environmental

Cellulose

Plant Stems

Salix

Air Pollution, Indoor

Photosynthesis

Soil Microbiology

Fisheries

Carbon Sequestration

Industrial Microbiology

Renewable Energy

Fires

Phosphorus

Seasons

Population Dynamics

Herbivory

Smoke

Forestry

Fresh Water

Seawater

Fertilizers

Autotrophic Processes

Oceans and Seas

Carbon Dioxide

Zooplankton

Bacteria

Atlantic Ocean

Culture Media

Eucalyptus

Waste Products

Agriculture

Fungi

Heterotrophic Processes

Droughts

Plankton

Heating

Seaweed

Crops, Agricultural

Cladocera

Plants

Eutrophication

Rivers

Population Density

Xylose

Geologic Sediments

Plant Components, Aerial

Temperature

Metabolic Engineering

Models, Biological

Mycorrhizae

$Phosphorus fractions, microbial biomass and enzyme activities in some alkaline calcareous subtropical soils | African...$ Phosphorus fractions, microbial biomass and enzyme activities in some alkaline calcareous subtropical soils | African...