Biological markers. Medical search

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event.

A CELL CYCLE and tumor growth marker which can be readily detected using IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY methods. Ki-67 is a nuclear antigen present only in the nuclei of cycling cells.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

Tetrahydroisoquinolinol alkaloids in both dextro and levo forms, originally found in SALSOLA plants.

In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

Neoplasms composed of tissues of the OVARY or the TESTIS, not neoplasms located in the ovaries or testes. Gonadal tissues include GERM CELLS, cells from the sex cord, and gonadal stromal cells.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.

The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.

Specific proteins found in or on cells of progesterone target tissues that specifically combine with progesterone. The cytosol progesterone-receptor complex then associates with the nucleic acids to initiate protein synthesis. There are two kinds of progesterone receptors, A and B. Both are induced by estrogen and have short half-lives.

Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in a variety of ADENOCARCINOMAS. It has extensive homology to and heterodimerizes with the EGF RECEPTOR, the ERBB-3 RECEPTOR, and the ERBB-4 RECEPTOR. Activation of the erbB-2 receptor occurs through heterodimer formation with a ligand-bound erbB receptor family member.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

An enzyme, sometimes called GGT, with a key role in the synthesis and degradation of GLUTATHIONE; (GSH, a tripeptide that protects cells from many toxins). It catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety to an acceptor amino acid.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

Carcinogenic substances that are found in the environment.

Nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the p53 gene (GENES, P53) whose normal function is to control CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. A mutant or absent p53 protein has been found in LEUKEMIA; OSTEOSARCOMA; LUNG CANCER; and COLORECTAL CANCER.

Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient.

The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.

Substances or energies, for example heat or light, which when introduced into the air, water, or land threaten life or health of individuals or ECOSYSTEMS.

A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)

Cytoplasmic proteins that bind estrogens and migrate to the nucleus where they regulate DNA transcription. Evaluation of the state of estrogen receptors in breast cancer patients has become clinically important.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.

The conic organs which usually give outlet to milk from the mammary glands.

The worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases where the stage of the disease is an important determinant of therapy and prognosis.

A graphic means for assessing the ability of a screening test to discriminate between healthy and diseased persons; may also be used in other studies, e.g., distinguishing stimuli responses as to a faint stimuli or nonstimuli.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation and after tissue damage.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents that occurs as a result of one's occupation.

The determination of the pattern of genes expressed at the level of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

Complex pharmaceutical substances, preparations, or matter derived from organisms usually obtained by biological methods or assay.

A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other covariates on the function.

A peptide hormone that lowers calcium concentration in the blood. In humans, it is released by thyroid cells and acts to decrease the formation and absorptive activity of osteoclasts. Its role in regulating plasma calcium is much greater in children and in certain diseases than in normal adults.

Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.

A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.19, symbol Pb. (Dorland, 28th)

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.

The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods.

A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

Microtubule-associated proteins that are mainly expressed in neurons. Tau proteins constitute several isoforms and play an important role in the assembly of tubulin monomers into microtubules and in maintaining the cytoskeleton and axonal transport. Aggregation of specific sets of tau proteins in filamentous inclusions is the common feature of intraneuronal and glial fibrillar lesions (NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; NEUROPIL THREADS) in numerous neurodegenerative disorders (ALZHEIMER DISEASE; TAUOPATHIES).

A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SALIVARY GLANDS and mucous glands of the mouth. It contains MUCINS, water, organic salts, and ptylin.

Period after successful treatment in which there is no appearance of the symptoms or effects of the disease.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

Preliminary cancer therapy (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone/endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, hyperthermia, etc.) that precedes a necessary second modality of treatment.

Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.

A method of measuring the effects of a biologically active substance using an intermediate in vivo or in vitro tissue or cell model under controlled conditions. It includes virulence studies in animal fetuses in utero, mouse convulsion bioassay of insulin, quantitation of tumor-initiator systems in mouse skin, calculation of potentiating effects of a hormonal factor in an isolated strip of contracting stomach muscle, etc.

An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.

A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.

Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.

Treatment of diseases with biological materials or biological response modifiers, such as the use of GENES; CELLS; TISSUES; organs; SERUM; VACCINES; and humoral agents.

A country in western Europe bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, the English Channel, the Mediterranean Sea, and the countries of Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the principalities of Andorra and Monaco, and by the duchy of Luxembourg. Its capital is Paris.

The main glucocorticoid secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially in the drug therapy of neoplasms. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.

Membrane proteins encoded by the BCL-2 GENES and serving as potent inhibitors of cell death by APOPTOSIS. The proteins are found on mitochondrial, microsomal, and NUCLEAR MEMBRANE sites within many cell types. Overexpression of bcl-2 proteins, due to a translocation of the gene, is associated with follicular lymphoma.

Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the lymphatic system.

Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.

Behaviors associated with the ingesting of alcoholic beverages, including social drinking.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

A cell surface receptor involved in regulation of cell growth and differentiation. It is specific for EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR and EGF-related peptides including TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA; AMPHIREGULIN; and HEPARIN-BINDING EGF-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR. The binding of ligand to the receptor causes activation of its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and rapid internalization of the receptor-ligand complex into the cell.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.

A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.

A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs).

One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. It is characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, chromatin cleavage at regularly spaced sites, and the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA; (DNA FRAGMENTATION); at internucleosomal sites. This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.

The original member of the family of endothelial cell growth factors referred to as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A was originally isolated from tumor cells and referred to as "tumor angiogenesis factor" and "vascular permeability factor". Although expressed at high levels in certain tumor-derived cells it is produced by a wide variety of cell types. In addition to stimulating vascular growth and vascular permeability it may play a role in stimulating VASODILATION via NITRIC OXIDE-dependent pathways. Alternative splicing of the mRNA for vascular endothelial growth factor A results in several isoforms of the protein being produced.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

DNA present in neoplastic tissue.

Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.

Substances that inhibit or prevent the proliferation of NEOPLASMS.

Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.

The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site.

A type of IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION in which target sequences are stained with fluorescent dye so their location and size can be determined using fluorescence microscopy. This staining is sufficiently distinct that the hybridization signal can be seen both in metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei.

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.

A pathologic process consisting of the proliferation of blood vessels in abnormal tissues or in abnormal positions.

A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.

The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.

A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Warfare involving the use of living organisms or their products as disease etiologic agents against people, animals, or plants.

Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.

Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue.

The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in neoplastic tissue.

A plan for collecting and utilizing data so that desired information can be obtained with sufficient precision or so that an hypothesis can be tested properly.

A field of biology concerned with the development of techniques for the collection and manipulation of biological data, and the use of such data to make biological discoveries or predictions. This field encompasses all computational methods and theories for solving biological problems including manipulation of models and datasets.

Statistical models used in survival analysis that assert that the effect of the study factors on the hazard rate in the study population is multiplicative and does not change over time.

Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.

Biological activities and function of the whole organism in human, animal, microorgansims, and plants, and of the biosphere.

Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Hybridization of a nucleic acid sample to a very large set of OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES, which have been attached individually in columns and rows to a solid support, to determine a BASE SEQUENCE, or to detect variations in a gene sequence, GENE EXPRESSION, or for GENE MAPPING.

Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.

Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury.

The co-inheritance of two or more non-allelic GENES due to their being located more or less closely on the same CHROMOSOME.

Drug therapy given to augment or stimulate some other form of treatment such as surgery or radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is commonly used in the therapy of cancer and can be administered before or after the primary treatment.

The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.

The return of a sign, symptom, or disease after a remission.

The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.

Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.

The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

Materials used as reference points for imaging studies.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.

All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION.

A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.

The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.

Databases devoted to knowledge about specific genes and gene products.

Comprehensive, methodical analysis of complex biological systems by monitoring responses to perturbations of biological processes. Large scale, computerized collection and analysis of the data are used to develop and test models of biological systems.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

The systematic study of the complete DNA sequences (GENOME) of organisms.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Interacting DNA-encoded regulatory subsystems in the GENOME that coordinate input from activator and repressor TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS during development, cell differentiation, or in response to environmental cues. The networks function to ultimately specify expression of particular sets of GENES for specific conditions, times, or locations.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

A single nucleotide variation in a genetic sequence that occurs at appreciable frequency in the population.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

The physiological mechanisms that govern the rhythmic occurrence of certain biochemical, physiological, and behavioral phenomena.

An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.

The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

Statistical formulations or analyses which, when applied to data and found to fit the data, are then used to verify the assumptions and parameters used in the analysis. Examples of statistical models are the linear model, binomial model, polynomial model, two-parameter model, etc.

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Genetic loci associated with a QUANTITATIVE TRAIT.

One of the BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES concerned with the origin, structure, development, growth, function, genetics, and reproduction of animals, plants, and microorganisms.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

The genetic constitution of individuals with respect to one member of a pair of allelic genes, or sets of genes that are closely linked and tend to be inherited together such as those of the MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.

The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome.

Relatively undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout postnatal life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.

The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

The ratio of radiation dosages required to produce identical change based on a formula comparing other types of radiation with that of gamma or roentgen rays.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Methods for determining interaction between PROTEINS.

The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Partial cDNA (DNA, COMPLEMENTARY) sequences that are unique to the cDNAs from which they were derived.

Deliberate breeding of two different individuals that results in offspring that carry part of the genetic material of each parent. The parent organisms must be genetically compatible and may be from different varieties or closely related species.

Thyroid hormone effects on Krox-24 transcription in the post-natal mouse brain are developmentally regulated but are not correlated with mitosis. (1/39254)

Krox-24 (NGFI-A, Egr-1) is an immediate-early gene encoding a zinc finger transcription factor. As Krox-24 is expressed in brain areas showing post-natal neurogenesis during a thyroid hormone (T3)-sensitive period, we followed T3 effects on Krox-24 expression in newborn mice. We analysed whether regulation was associated with changes in mitotic activity in the subventricular zone and the cerebellum. In vivo T3-dependent Krox-24 transcription was studied by polyethylenimine-based gene transfer. T3 increased transcription from the Krox-24 promoter in both areas studied at post-natal day 2, but was without effect at day 6. An intact thyroid hormone response element (TRE) in the Krox-24 promoter was necessary for these inductions. These stage-dependent effects were also seen in endogenous Krox-24 mRNA levels: activation at day 2 and no effect at day 6. Moreover, similar results were obtained by examining beta-galactosidase expression in heterozygous mice in which one allele of the Krox-24 gene was disrupted with an inframe Lac-Z insertion. However, bromodeoxyuridine incorporation showed mitosis to continue through to day 6. We conclude first, that T3 activates Krox-24 transcription during early post-natal mitosis but that this effect is extinguished as development proceeds and second, loss of T3-dependent Krox-24 expression is not correlated with loss of mitotic activity. (+info)

Serum triglyceride: a possible risk factor for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. (2/39254)

BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the relationship between ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and serum concentrations of lipids and apolipoproteins. METHODS: A cohort of 21 520 men, aged 35-64 years, was recruited from men attending the British United Provident Association (BUPA) clinic in London for a routine medical examination in 1975-1982. Smoking habits, weight, height and blood pressure were recorded at entry. Lipids and apolipoproteins were measured in stored serum samples from the 30 men who subsequently died of ruptured AAA and 150 matched controls. RESULTS: Triglyceride was strongly related to risk of ruptured AAA. In univariate analyses the risk in men on the 90th centile of the distribution relative to the risk in men on the 10th (RO10-90) was 12 (95% confidence interval [CI] : 3.8-37) for triglyceride, 5.5 (95% CI: 1.8-17) for apolipoprotein B (apoB) (the protein component of low density lipoprotein [LDL]), 0.15 (95% CI : 0.04-0.56) for apo A1 (the protein component of high density lipoprotein [HDL]), 3.7 (95% CI: 1.4-9.4) for body mass index and 3.0 (95% CI: 1.1-8.5) for systolic blood pressure. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) was not a significant risk factor (RO10-90 = 1.6, 95% CI: 0.6-3.0). In multivariate analysis triglyceride retained its strong association. CONCLUSION: Triglyceride appears to be a strong risk factor for ruptured AAA, although further studies are required to clarify this. If this and other associations are cause and effect, then changing the distribution of risk factors in the population (by many people stopping smoking and adopting a lower saturated fat diet and by lowering blood pressure) could achieve an important reduction in mortality from ruptured AAA. (+info)

Constitutional, biochemical and lifestyle correlates of fibrinogen and factor VII activity in Polish urban and rural populations. (3/39254)

BACKGROUND: Fibrinogen and factor VII activity are known to be related to atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, but population differences in clotting factors and modifiable characteristics that influence their levels have not been widely explored. METHODS: This paper examines correlates of plasma fibrinogen concentration and factor VII activity in 2443 men and women aged 35-64 in random samples selected from the residents in two districts in urban Warsaw (618 men and 651 women) and from rural Tarnobrzeg Province (556 men and 618 women) screened in 1987-1988, and assesses which characteristics might explain urban-rural differences. Fibrinogen and factor VII activity were determined using coagulation methods. RESULTS: Fibrinogen was 12.9 mg/dl higher in men and 14.1 mg/dl higher in women in Tarnobrzeg compared to Warsaw. Factor VII activity was higher in Warsaw (9.2% in men and 15.3% in women). After adjustment for selected characteristics, fibrinogen was higher in smokers compared to non-smokers by 28 mg/dl in men and 22 mg/dl in women. In women, a 15 mg/dl increase in HDL-cholesterol was associated with a 10 mg/dl decrease in fibrinogen (P < 0.01). After adjustment for other variables, a higher factor VII activity in Warsaw remained significant (a difference of 9.4% in men and 14.8% in women). Lower fibrinogen in Warsaw remained significant only in women (15.4 mg/dl difference). CONCLUSIONS: The study confirmed that sex, age, BMI, smoking and blood lipids are related to clotting factors. However, with the exception of gender differences and smoking, associations between clotting factors and other variables were small and of questionable practical importance. (+info)

Hepatitis B--are surgeons putting patients at risk? (4/39254)

The 1993 Department of Health guidelines permit a surgeon who is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive but e-antigen (HBeAg) negative to perform exposure prone procedures, unless demonstrated to have infected patients. However, there is increasing evidence of transmission of hepatitis B to patients from health care workers in this supposedly low infectivity category. The Occupational Physician must decide whether existing guidelines represent an adequate risk assessment and indeed whether this is an acceptable risk for patients. If an NHS Trust continues to follow these guidelines it may be in breach of its duty of care to patients. Yet refusing to allow such carriers to operate without testing for additional serological markers may be unlawful discrimination. Further research is clearly needed as well as an urgent review of the guidelines. (+info)

Measurement of serum TSH in the investigation of patients presenting with thyroid enlargement. (5/39254)

In otherwise euthyroid patients presenting with thyroid enlargement, reduction in serum thyrotrophin (TSH) concentrations measured in a sensitive assay may be a marker of thyroid autonomy and may therefore indicate a benign underlying pathology. We investigated prospectively a cohort of 467 subjects presenting consecutively to our thyroid clinic with nodular or diffuse enlargement of the thyroid. Subjects were divided into those with normal (0.4-5.5 mU/l), low but detectable (0.1-0.39 mU/l) or undetectable (< 0.1 mU/l) serum TSH concentrations. The final pathological diagnosis was defined by fine-needle aspiration cytology and clinical follow-up of at least 2 years or by fine-needle aspiration cytology and histology following surgical treatment. Serum TSH concentrations below normal were found in 75 patients (16.1%), those with low serum TSH results having higher mean free T4 concentrations, were older and were more likely to be female. In those with undetectable serum TSH, no patient had a diagnosis of thyroid neoplasia and in those with low but detectable TSH, thyroid neoplasms were diagnosed in two patients (3.4%). In those with normal serum TSH, 12.0% had a final diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm (p = 0.013). Overall, thyroid malignancy was found in one patient (1.3%) of those with a serum TSH measurement below the normal range and 6.9% of those with normal serum TSH (p < 0.06). Reduction in serum TSH at presentation may identify a group which requires less intensive investigation and follow-up than those without biochemical evidence of thyroid autonomy. (+info)

Endocrine biomarkers of early fetal loss in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) following exposure to dioxin. (6/39254)

This study examines the endocrine alterations associated with early fetal loss (EFL) induced by an environmental toxin, TCDD (2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin), in the cynomolgus macaque, a well-documented reproductive/developmental model for humans. Females were administered single doses of 1, 2, and 4 microgram/kg TCDD (n = 4 per dose group) on gestational day (GD) 12. Urinary estrogen metabolites (estrone conjugates) were monitored to establish the day of ovulation, and serum hormones (estradiol, progesterone, chorionic gonadotropin, relaxin) were measured to assess ovarian and placental endocrine status before and after treatment. EFL occurred between GDs 22 and 32 in 10 of the 12 animals treated with TCDD. The primary endocrine alterations associated with TCDD treatment were significant decreases in serum estradiol and bioactive chorionic gonadotropin concentrations (p < 0.02). Less pronounced decreases in serum progesterone (p = 0.10) and relaxin (p < 0.08) also followed TCDD treatment. In contrast, immunoreactive chorionic gonadotropin concentrations were not reduced by TCDD exposure at any level, indicating that TCDD targets specific components of the chorionic gonadotropin synthesis machinery within the trophoblast to alter the functional capacity of the hormone. These data demonstrate the value of endocrine biomarkers in identifying a toxic exposure to primate pregnancy many days before direct signs of reproductive toxicity were apparent. The increased EFL that occurred after exposure to TCDD might reflect a toxic response initially mediated via endocrine imbalance, leading to placental insufficiency, compromised embryonic circulation, and subsequent EFL. (+info)

Oesophageal epithelial innervation in health and reflux oesophagitis. (7/39254)

BACKGROUND: The response of the oesophagus to refluxed gastric contents is likely to depend on intact neural mechanisms in the oesophageal mucosa. The epithelial innervation has not been systematically evaluated in health or reflux disease. AIMS: To study oesophageal epithelial innervation in controls, and also inflamed and non-inflamed mucosa in patients with reflux oesophagitis and healed oesophagitis. PATIENTS: Ten controls, nine patients with reflux oesophagitis, and five patients with healed oesophagitis. METHODS: Oesophageal epithelial biopsy specimens were obtained at endoscopy. The distribution of the neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP), and the neuropeptides calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Density of innervation was assessed by the proportion of papillae in each oesophageal epithelial biopsy specimen containing immunoreactive fibres (found in the subepithelium and epithelial papillae, but not penetrating the epithelium). RESULTS: The proportion of papillae positive for PGP immunoreactive nerve fibres was significantly increased in inflamed tissue when compared with controls, and non-inflamed and healed tissue. There was also a significant increase in VIP immunoreactive fibres within epithelial papillae. Other neuropeptides showed no proportional changes in inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial biopsy specimens can be used to assess innervation in the oesophagus. The innervation of the oesophageal mucosa is not altered in non-inflamed tissue of patients with oesophagitis but alters in response to inflammation, where there is a selective increase (about three- to fourfold) in VIP containing nerves. (+info)

Elevated carboxy terminal cross linked telopeptide of type I collagen in alcoholic cirrhosis: relation to liver and kidney function and bone metabolism. (8/39254)

BACKGROUND: The carboxy terminal cross linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) has been put forward as a marker of bone resorption. Patients with alcoholic liver disease may have osteodystrophy. AIMS: To assess circulating and regional concentrations of ICTP in relation to liver dysfunction, bone metabolism, and fibrosis. METHODS: In 15 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and 20 controls, hepatic venous, renal venous, and femoral arterial concentrations of ICTP, and bone mass and metabolism were measured. RESULTS: Circulating ICTP was higher in patients with cirrhosis than in controls. No overall significant hepatic disposal or production was found in the patient or control groups but slightly increased production was found in a subset of patients with advanced disease. Significant renal extraction was observed in the controls, whereas only a borderline significant extraction was observed in the patients. Measurements of bone mass and metabolism indicated only a mild degree of osteodystrophy in the patients with cirrhosis. ICTP correlated significantly in the cirrhotic patients with hepatic and renal dysfunction and fibrosis, but not with measurements of bone mass or metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: ICTP is highly elevated in patients with cirrhosis, with no detectable hepatic net production or disposal. No relation between ICTP and markers of bone metabolism was identified, but there was a relation to indicators of liver dysfunction and fibrosis. As the cirrhotic patients conceivably only had mild osteopenia, the elevated ICTP in cirrhosis may therefore primarily reflect liver failure and hepatic fibrosis. (+info)

Molecular markers may be non-biological. Non-biological markers are often used in environmental studies. In genetics, a ... "First Generation Markers", "Second Generation Markers", and "New Generation Markers". These types of markers may also identify ... Marker assisted breeding. Biochemical markers are generally the protein marker. These are based on the change in the sequence ... These markers are type-i markers. Advantages: Co-dominant markers. Less price. Disadvantages: Require prior information. Low ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_marker

Rousseau, Jean-Charles; Delmas, Pierre D (June 2007). "Biological markers in osteoarthritis". Nature Clinical Practice ... Part 1: Markers of collagen degradation and synthesis". The Veterinary Journal. 185 (1): 36-42. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.04.011 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen_hybridizing_peptide

International Journal of Biological Markers. 17 (1): 5-23. doi:10.1177/172460080201700102. PMID 11936587. Lacroix, M; Leclercq ... detection and markers of disseminated breast cancer cells" Free access to "Disseminated tumor cells: detection, markers and ... Lacroix, M; Zammatteo N; Remacle J; Leclercq G. (2002). "A low-density DNA microarray for analysis of markers in breast cancer ... Lacroix., M (2006). "Significance, detection and markers of disseminated breast cancer cells". Endocrine-Related Cancer. 13 (4 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Lacroix_(biochemist)

VOLKMAN, J. K. (1986). "Acyclic isoprenoids as biological markers". Biological Markers in the Sedimentary Record.: 1817-1828. ... Baker, E.W.; Louda, J.W. (1986). "Porphyrins in the geological record". In Johns, R.B. (ed.). Biological Markers in the ... Phytene is also found as the functional group phytyl in many organic molecules of biological importance such as chlorophyll, ... an aromatic compound believed to be markers of salinity. Therefore, this decrease in Pr/Ph should indicate an increase in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytane

The term "biological marker" was introduced in 1950s. In 1987, biological markers were defined as "indicators signaling events ... "Biological markers in environmental health research. Committee on Biological Markers of the National Research Council". ... In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. ... Endophenotype Imaging biomarker Marker gene Molecular marker Saliva testing Sponge biomarkers Tumor marker Hirsch MS, Watkins J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarker

The International Journal of Biological Markers. 15 (2): 139-46. doi:10.1177/172460080001500203. PMID 10883887. S2CID 25940455 ... Ekman P, Lewenhaupt A (1991). "Serum tumour markers in human prostatic carcinoma. The value of a marker panel for prognostic ... As this tumor marker reacts to the activity of the tumor rather than to the tumor mass it gives a very early indication of the ... Xiang Y, Zeng H, Liu X, Zhou H, Luo L, Duan C, Luo X, Yan H (2013). "Thymidine kinase 1 as a diagnostic tumor marker is of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymidine_kinase_in_clinical_chemistry

A single center experience". The International Journal of Biological Markers. 33 (1): 55-61. doi:10.5301/ijbm.5000305. ISSN ... Since then, Pro-GRP has been used as a tumor marker for patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in limited and extended ... "Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (PROGRP) as a specific tumor marker in patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC)". Lung ... THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY. You, Benoit; Mercier, Frédéric; Assenat, Eric; Langlois-Jacques, Carole; Glehen, Olivier; ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-Gastrin-Releasing-Peptide

"Urinary Cell-Free DNA as a Potential Tumor Marker for Bladder Cancer". The International Journal of Biological Markers. 22 (4 ... For ucfDNA, cancer markers can be generally divided into two groups: urological cancer marker and non-urological cancer marker ... Many tumour markers in ucfDNA have been researched to monitor cancer progression, therapeutic response, and prognosis. Cancer ... Different levels and genetic markers in ucfDNA can be the indicators of the types and stages of cancer. The level of variants ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_cell-free_DNA

The International Journal of Biological Markers. 22 (2): 114-23. doi:10.1177/172460080702200205. PMID 17549667. S2CID 208043955 ... Research in Biological Diversity. 74 (6): 313-21. doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436.2006.00074.x. PMID 16831200. Park ET, Oh HK, Gum JR, ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (9): 7021-8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108417200. PMID 11748221. S2CID 39560486. Brown NL, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATOH1

243-. ISBN 978-3-540-32786-8. van Venrooij, W. J.; Maini, Ravinder N. (6 December 2012). Manual of Biological Markers of ... The size marker is often pipetted into the first or last pocket of a gel. For separation, the denatured samples are loaded onto ... An overloading of the gel with a soluble protein creates a semicircular band of this protein (e. g. in the marker lane of the ... A low contrast (as in the marker lane of the image) between bands within a lane indicates either the presence of many proteins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SDS-PAGE

The International Journal of Biological Markers. 25 (3): 136-140. doi:10.1177/172460081002500303. PMID 20677166. S2CID ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (7): 5708-5715. doi:10.1074/jbc.M307608200. PMID 14627710. van der Weyden L, Rust AG, ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (42): 40043-40054. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205494200. PMID 12171923. Kawaida R, Ohtsuka T, ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 289 (10): 6775-6790. doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.499210. PMC 3945339. PMID 24394418. Ji H, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jun_dimerization_protein

Manual of Biological Markers of Disease. Springer Netherlands. pp. 25-36. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1670-1_3. ISBN 978-94-011-1670 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extractable_nuclear_antigen

The International Journal of Biological Markers. 15 (2): 139-46. doi:10.1177/172460080001500203. PMID 10883887. S2CID 25940455 ... tumor markers). Such tumor markers are, for instance, CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) and AFP (alpha fetoprotein). The genes for ... Wu J, Mao Y, He L, Wang N, Wu C, He Q, Skog S (2000). "A new cell proliferating marker: cytosolic thymidine kinase as compared ... A re-emergence of the disease either by accident or as a result of biological warfare would meet an unprotected population and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymidine_kinase

The International Journal of Biological Markers. 13 (4): 179-87. doi:10.1177/172460089801300402. PMID 10228898. S2CID 46589946 ... Mucin-16 (MUC-16) also known as Ovarian cancer-related tumor marker CA125 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MUC16 ... MUC-16 has found application as a tumor marker or biomarker that may be elevated in the blood of some patients with specific ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (10): 9190-8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M312372200. PMID 14676194. Gubbels JA, Belisle J, Onda M ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucin-16

Are genes good markers of biological traits? 175-193. In Biological Surveys. National Research Council Committee on Advances in ... Collecting and Utilizing Biological Indicators and Genetic Information in Social Science Surveys. Weinstein, M., Vaupel, J. W. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Jane_West-Eberhard

Mackenzie, Andrew Stewart (1981). Applications of biological marker compounds to subsurface geological processes (PhD thesis). ... Mackenzie, Andrew Stewart (1984). Applications of Biological Markers in Petroleum Geochemistry. London: Academic Press. ISBN ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Mackenzie_(businessman)

... a biological database of orthologous mammalian markers. The rbp3 evolutionary marker can be found, together with the ... The rbp3 gene is commonly used in animals as a nuclear DNA phylogenetic marker. The exon 1 has first been used in a pioneer ... Gene structure and primary structure". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 264 (14): 8200-6. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)83169-6 ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (34): 20507-15. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.34.20507. PMID 8702792. Shaw NS, Noy N (Feb 2001 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RBP3

Taioli, Emanuela; Bonassi, Stefano (2003-01-01). "Pooled analysis of epidemiological studies involving biological markers". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pooled_analysis

Rechenberg DK, Galicia JC, Peters OA (2016-11-29). "Biological Markers for Pulpal Inflammation: A Systematic Review". PLOS ONE ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulp_necrosis

"Biological Markers for Pulpal Inflammation: A Systematic Review". PLOS ONE. 11 (11): e0167289. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1167289R. doi ... Michael A Henry, et al, Unmyelinated nerve fibers in the human dental pulp express markers for myelinated fibers and show ... Other peptides include cGRP, galanin, somatostatin, and neurokinin A-B. The biological effects of SP are expressed by the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulpitis

... there are still no biological markers for body image disturbance. Numerous psychometric instruments to measure the cognitive, ... Biological Psychiatry. 58 (12): 990-997. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.06.001. ISSN 0006-3223. PMID 16084858. S2CID 15508818. ... "Visual mapping of body image disturbance in anorexia nervosa reveals objective markers of illness severity". Scientific Reports ... The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. 12 (6): 462-472. doi:10.3109/15622975.2010.551666. ISSN 1562-2975. PMID 21554026. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_image_disturbance

There is no availability of genetic testing or biological markers. The patients presented with a history of febrile illness ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Febrile_infection-related_epilepsy_syndrome

Therefore, more studies using experimental models are needed in order to confirm the validity of sAPP as a biological marker ... June 2010). "Biological markers of amyloid beta-related mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease". Experimental Neurology. 223 (2): ... Recent studies primarily focus on use of an autoantibody, not only for biological markers but for future treatment. However, ... Although the biological function of APP are not known, it has been hypothesized that APP may play a role during ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alzheimer's_disease_biomarkers

"Minichromosome maintenance proteins as biological markers of dysplasia and malignancy". Clin. Cancer Res. 5 (8): 2121-32. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCM7

Markers of biological effect provide an estimation of exposure based on cellular activities related to the mechanism of action ... While measuring biomarkers or markers of biological effects may provide more accurate estimates of exposure, collecting these ... Two broad approaches include measuring biomarkers and markers of biological effect. The former involves taking direct ... Biological pesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses causing disease in the pest species can also be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesticide

Main topics are heart failure, chronic disease, cachexia and biological markers. Stefan D. Anker publications indexed by Google ... "Mid-region pro-hormone markers for diagnosis and prognosis in acute dyspnea: results from the BACH (Biomarkers in Acute Heart ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_D._Anker

Summons, Roger E.; Powell, Trevor G. (1986). "Chlorobiaceae in Palaeozoic seas revealed by biological markers, isotopes and ... Combined evidence from biological markers, isotopes and geology 1987 - 1998 - Fellow, Royal Australian Chemical Institute 1998 ... Analogues for biological oases during the Cryogenian Organic matter preserved in 3-billion-year-old mudstones at Gale crater ... Analogues for biological oases during the Cryogenian". Geobiology. 16 (4): 369-377. doi:10.1111/gbi.12280. ISSN 1472-4677. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Everett_Summons

"The biological characterization of neuroendocrine tumors: The role of neuroendocrine markers". Journal of Endocrinological ... NETs show tissue immunoreactivity for markers of neuroendocrine differentiation (pan-neuroendocrine tissue markers) and may ... several reviews provide assistance in understanding these markers. Widely used neuroendocrine tissue markers are various ... The nuclear neuroendocrine marker insulinoma-associated protein-1 (INSM1) has proven to be sensitive as well as highly specific ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumor

Rodriguez T (2015). "Identifying significant biological markers in Klotho gene variants across wide ranging taxonomy". Journal ... Olejnik A, Franczak A, Krzywonos-Zawadzka A, Kałużna-Oleksy M, Bil-Lula I (2018). "The Biological Role of Klotho Protein in the ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 289 (52): 35849-57. doi:10.1074/jbc.M114.616649. PMC 4276853. PMID 25378396. Saghiv MS, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klotho_(biology)

"Specific acyclic isoprenoids as biological markers of methanogenic bacteria in marine sediments". Nature. 290 (5808): 693-696. ... Lycopane has not yet been directly isolated in any biological organism, so its linkage to methanogenic archaea is conjecture. ... Diagenesis, broadly referring to physical and chemical changes that occur while biological material is undergoing fossilization ... as diagenesis occurs during biological fossilization. Freeman, Katherine H.; Hayes, J. M.; Trendel, Jean-Michel; Albrecht, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycopane

In Road Block Buster the hero must "jump[] around [] doing tricks to soldiers ... [attempt] to get over any barrier or road ... biological and mental-health factors." This conclusion supports Surgeon General Satcher's 2001 study (supra). Despite this ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolent_video_game

Wu J, Li L, Wu S, Xu B (August 2020). "CMTM family proteins 1-8: roles in cancer biological processes and potential clinical ... autoimmune diseases and can serve as clinical markers of disease severity and/or as therapeutic targets for controlling the ... International Journal of Biological Sciences. 15 (12): 2576-2583. doi:10.7150/ijbs.33733. PMC 6854381. PMID 31754330. Cai B, ... to confirm and expand these relationships and determine if the expression of CMTM5 isoforms can be used as tumor markers for ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CKLF-like_MARVEL_transmembrane_domain-containing_5

The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 251 (7): 2005-14. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)33647-5. PMID 1270419. Sára, M; Sleytr, U. B ... "Homologous gene knockout in the archaeon Halobacterium salinarum with ura3 as a counterselectable marker". Molecular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halobacterium_salinarum

Suzuki surpassed his own biological heir and named Hirotaka Ono as his successor, because he felt that his biological son was ... This does not mean that there were no vertical jumps in the social stratum by less wealthy individuals, but it was ... If the adoptee decides to go back to their biological family, goes missing or deserts their adopted family, the adoption can ... In the past, merchant families in Western Japan would adopt an heir if the biological predecessor was incapable of taking over ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_adult_adoption

Mulder LC, Muesing MA (Sep 2000). "Degradation of HIV-1 integrase by the N-end rule pathway". The Journal of Biological ... More recently, more effort has been made to consider the proteasome for the development of novel diagnostic markers and ... The CP and RPs pertain distinct structural characteristics and biological functions. In brief, 20S sub complex presents three ... To meet such complicated demands in biological process via spatial and temporal proteolysis, protein substrates have to be ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSMD7

They run with rabbit-like jumps.[citation needed] In the groin of each leg is an inguinal gland used for scent marking; this ... Biological Sciences. 265 (1398): 793-801. doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0362. PMC 1689037. PMID 9628037. Christian Pitra; Joerns Fickel ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_deer

At 25 he became a jet fighter pilot and later became a pilot and parachute instructor with over 72 jumps by the time he began ... The four conducted biological experiments on themselves during their stay. Bykovsky and Jähn undocked from the station in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valery_Bykovsky

Asexuality as a sexual identity, rather than as a biological entity, became more widely discussed in the media in the beginning ... Alix freezes time through the adrenaline rush of BASE jumping. In 2019, Bo came out to her friend, Lola, in an issue of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_portrayal_of_asexuality

They encountered Malcolm Merlyn (who will join to them 8 years later) and Darius when searching for Ashkiri marker (in fact, ... She is also the biological mother of Cassandra Cain. David Cain - First appearing in Batman #567 (July 1999), he is the ... biological father of Cassandra Cain and the adoptive father of Mad Dog III. Cassandra Cain (brainwashed at the time) - First ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Assassins

That is to say, not only because of the biological, critical sense, but because of its poetic and abyssal nature. The song ... For instance, the poem begins: "Tree, leaf, jump, light, approximation, furniture, wool, taste, foot, tea, sea, gas, look" ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artaud_(album)

analyzed king cherry and Yoshino cherry with inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers and sequence analysis of two ... Korean Red List of Threatened Species (PDF) (Second ed.). National Institute of Biological Resources. 2014. p. 156. Prunus × ... reported that the Sequence-level comparison of Prunus Conserved Orthologous Gene Set (Prunus COS) markers suggested that king ... using four different Rosaceae Conserved Orthologous Set (RosCOS) markers, provided evidence that king cherry originated from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prunus_×_nudiflora

Sidney LE, Branch MJ, Dunphy SE, Dua HS, Hopkinson A (June 2014). "Concise review: evidence for CD34 as a common marker for ... The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (19): 11056-11061. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38556-4. PMID 1694174. Sutherland DR, ... This is generally a useful marker for cell dosing although there is some evidence that the CD34+ quantification may not be ... Furness SG, McNagny K (2006). "Beyond mere markers: functions for CD34 family of sialomucins in hematopoiesis". Immunologic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD34

A one-shot was first published in Shueisha's Jump Next! in April 2012. The manga began its serialization in Weekly Shōnen Jump ... whereas Mana and Azami discover that Asahi is Azami's biological son and Erina's half-brother, leading the former to request ... Ressler, Karen (July 16, 2018). "One Piece/Food Wars! Spinoff Manga About Sanji to Run in English Shonen Jump". Anime News ... It was serialized in Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump from November 2012 to June 2019. Its chapters were compiled in 36 tankōbon ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_Wars!:_Shokugeki_no_Soma

A marker in the park was dedicated to recognize the point where the group crossed the Santa Ana River. To commemorate De Anza's ... A U. S. Department of Agriculture scientist helped growers to harness nature's biological wrath during the "decay crisis" of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Riverside,_California

Most aspects of gameplay-such as player guidance assists like map markers and enemy locations, NPC behavior like radio callouts ... a malaria super-strain used as a biological weapon. Santiago gathers evidence for Miller, whose plan to assault the lab ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arma_3

The DNA oxidation product 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) is a well-established marker of oxidative DNA damage. In persons with ... Taylor RW (February 2005). "Gene therapy for the treatment of mitochondrial DNA disorders". Expert Opinion on Biological ... Butler, John M. (2005). Forensic DNA typing : biology, technology, and genetics of STR markers (2nd ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier ... Since animal mtDNA evolves faster than nuclear genetic markers, it represents a mainstay of phylogenetics and evolutionary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA

Through his published work, he is a proponent of the theory that male infertility is an early marker for other diseases that ... Belknap Prize in the Biological Sciences, and co-authored several scientific publications from work in the laboratory of Dr. ... the toxic effect of medications such as the antioxidant selenium and the anti-inflammatory drug class called biological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_J._Turek

Sex can also be guessed using visual markers, but it is typically not nearly as accurate. Male ackie monitors are generally ... Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 35 (4): 379-407. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1988.tb00477.x. ISSN 0024-4066. "Ackie ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiny-tailed_monitor

After Emma commits suicide by jumping from a viaduct, the ghosts of both James and Finn appear to welcome Emma to the afterlife ... Moira and James are seen to be arguing in the background and it is later revealed that James is Adam's biological father. In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Emmerdale_characters_(2013)

Biological Psychiatry. 74 (12): 872-8. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.05.008. PMID 23806573. S2CID 381132. Nuttall JR, Oteiza PI ( ... Int J Biol Markers. 18 (3): 162-169. doi:10.1177/172460080301800302. PMID 14535585. Theocharis SE, Margeli AP, Klijanienko JT, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_deficiency

... s, also known as microplate readers or microplate photometers, are instruments which are used to detect biological ... Label-free instruments that use specialized microplates to measure binding events without the use of chemical markers Neves, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_reader

Yustian, Indra; Marker, Stefan; Supriatna, Jatna; Andayani, Noviar (2008). "Relative Population Density of Tarsius diane in Man ... Miller, GS; Hollister, N (1921). "Twenty new mammals collected by H.C.Raven in Celebes". Proceedings of the Biological Society ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dian's_tarsier

This ultimately leads Sam to deduce that they are biological siblings, and to inform Blair that Jack is her biological son. She ... In 2012, Todd jumps bail and arrives in Port Charles upon learning that Starr has been involved in a car accident that resulted ... Todd barges in on Starr and Cole in bed together for the first time, jumping to the conclusion that Cole had raped her, "and [ ... With help from Todd's scheming biological sister, Tina, David claims to be the lost Lord heir, but Todd's true parentage is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_Manning

Frösö Zoo also had a tropical house, a biological museum and an amusement park. Outside of Östersund in the village of Orrviken ... The very first civilian parachute jump was done actually on the ice of Storsjön in February 1956. The jumpers were officers ... from the Swedish Parachute rangers regiment that also wanted to jump on their spare time. Östersund's Fallskärmsklubb is today ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Östersund

Although proteomics and cytomics allow for the early detection of disease, much of the time those detect biological markers ... Schulte PA; Lomax GP; Ward EM; Colligan MJ (August 1999). "Ethical issues in the use of genetic markers in occupational ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predictive_medicine

Wrangham R, Conklin-Brittain N (September 2003). "Cooking as a biological trait" (PDF). Comp Biochem Physiol A. 136 (1): 35-46 ... and other El Niño markers. The Paleolithic is often held to finish at the end of the ice age (the end of the Pleistocene epoch ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic

She is introduced in Metal Gear Solid as Solid Snake's sidekick/love interest and Roy Campbell's legal niece/biological ... and also climb and jump around in trees with ease. He uses two crossbows in battle, the Little Joe and the William Tell, ... the biological mother of Ocelot, and one of the main antagonists of Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater. The Boss is voiced by ... though Paz was not aware of this when she jumped from the helicopter, and the explosion was actually caused by an enemy rocket ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Metal_Gear_characters

Bobby proposes to Marvin that he jump-start his career by shooting him in the "fleshy part of the thigh." The fee agreed is $ ... Aunt Dottie: Paulie's biological mother, who dies of natural causes. When discussing ways to increase Marvin the rapper's ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fleshy_Part_of_the_Thigh

... the biological son of Kevin who was sent to live with his father after the death of his biological mother. Jonathan Loughran as ... "Jump" by Van Halen background music on the answering machine message in Sonny's apartment "Growin' Up" by Bruce Springsteen " ... A note states that his mother is no longer able to care for him and that Kevin is his biological father. Sonny contacts Kevin, ... Jon Stewart as Kevin Gerrity, Sonny's roommate and Julian's biological father, which he realizes was the result of a one-night- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Daddy_(1999_film)

Christian tells her that he has never done anything like skydiving before and is not sure he will get to jump today, but Rachel ... The character's biological father Matthew Montgomery (James Sweeny) was introduced in November 2021. After 18 months in the ... but he also gets to jumps into a police car and chase down a criminal. Cash's sister Felicity Newman (Jacqui Purvis) is later ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Home_and_Away_characters_(2021)

Using a multivariate-fused approach involving two widely used imaging markers, we demonstrate both shared and distinct ... Using a multivariate fused approach involving two widely used imaging markers we demonstrate both shared and distinct ... biological traits across the psychosis spectrum. Further, our results suggest that the above traits are psychosis biomarkers ... Large-Scale Fusion of Gray Matter and Resting-State Functional MRI Reveals Common and Distinct Biological Markers across the ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00174/full

Seeking biological markers after a TBI. https://t.co/rADWlesPdZ https://t.co/HNRZhxxQPy ... Seeking biological markers after a TBI. https://t.co/rADWlesPdZ https://t.co/HNRZhxxQPy. ...

https://www.fallenheroesfund.org/tweet/seeking-biological-markers-after-a-tbi-https-t-co-radwlespdz-https-t-co-hnrzhxxqpy

Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers of Dementia: the role of CSF and blood analysis in the early and ... Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers of Dementia: the role of CSF and blood analysis in the early and ... Mild cognitive impairment (part 2): biological markers for diagnosis and prediction of dementia in Alzheimers disease ... The search and development of biological markers of AD pathogenesis. Translational research has been critical for the ...

https://www.scielo.br/j/rbp/a/td3zsHSz5p48h3ZGJywvqZL/?format=html&lang=en

Role of biological markers and CT severity score in predicting mortality in patients with COVID‑19: An observational ... Todor S, Bîrluțiu V, Topîrcean D and Mihăilă R: Role of biological markers and CT severity score in predicting mortality in ... Todor, S., Bîrluțiu, V., Topîrcean, D., Mihăilă, R.Role of biological markers and CT severity score in predicting mortality in ... Todor, S., Bîrluțiu, V., Topîrcean, D., Mihăilă, R.Role of biological markers and CT severity score in predicting mortality in ...

https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/etm.2022.11634

title = "Biological markers of myocardial necrosis",. abstract = "New biological markers of myocardial injury have improved the ... Biological markers of myocardial necrosis. In: Revista Espanola de Cardiologia. 2003 ; Vol. 56, No. 7. pp. 703-720. ... N2 - New biological markers of myocardial injury have improved the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes. Among ... AB - New biological markers of myocardial injury have improved the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes. Among ...

https://portalrecerca.uab.cat/en/publications/biological-markers-of-myocardial-necrosis

Biological markers. Over the past 10 years, great enthusiasm has been noted regarding the potential of biological markers, such ... Tularemia as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA. 2001 Jun 6. 285(21):2763-73. [QxMD MEDLINE Link] ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/300157-19120/how-accurate-are-the-curb-65-and-pneumonia-severity-index-psi-in-risk-stratification-for-bacterial-pneumonia

... -- Vol.1, no.1 (1986) -.-- Milano ISSN 0393-6155. ...

http://portalrev.enfermagem.bvs.br/index.php?mfn=13425&holding_code=8408&about=collection%E2%8C%A9=pt

Although biological markers of womens exposure to semen from vaginal intercourse have been developed as surrogates for risk of ... Detection of two biological markers of intercourse: prostate-specific antigen and Y-chromosomal DNA. ... Detection of two biological markers of intercourse: prostate-specific antigen and Y-chromosomal DNA ... Title : Detection of two biological markers of intercourse: prostate-specific antigen and Y-chromosomal DNA Personal Author(s ...

https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/52446

Biological markers. The most widely available biological marker for staging acute pancreatitis is the hematocrit value. ... Early studies of IL-6 as a biological marker appear promising, indicating that this may be a reliable indicator of pancreatitis ... Genetic markers. Polymorphisms in the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) gene may play a role in predisposing ... CRP, a nonspecific acute-phase reactant produced by the liver in response to interleukin (IL)-6, is a useful marker at 36-48 ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/181364-workup

Biological inflammatory markers mediate the effect of preoperative pain-related behaviours on postoperative analgesics ... Biological inflammatory markers mediate the effect of preoperative pain-related behaviours on postoperative analgesics ...

https://aura.abdn.ac.uk/handle/2164/13028

The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. ...

https://mdrproject.com/tag/genetic-biological-markers/

GASSEN, Humberto Thomazi et al. Expression of biological markers in oral squamous cell carcinomas. Stomatos [online]. 2012, vol ... Palavras-chave : Mouth neoplasms; Squamous cell carcinoma; Tolonium chloride; Biological markers. · resumo em Português · texto ... Our findings suggest an important contribution of tumor markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of these malignancies, as well ... and microscopic features of squamous cell carcinomas using immunohistochemical analysis and assessing biological markers of ...

http://revodonto.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1519-44422012000100007&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en

Biological monitoring of chemical exposure in the workplace : guidelines. by World Health Organization. Office of Occupational ... DNA adducts : identification and biological significance / edited by K. Hemminki ... [et al.] by Hemminki, K , Dipple, A , ...

https://kohahq.searo.who.int/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=su:%7BBiological%20markers%7D

... ANI. 05 Oct 2022, 03:03 GMT+10 ... "Efforts have been underway for decades to identify genetic or other biological markers for PPD. ...

https://www.asiapacificstar.com/news/272816267/researchers-find-how-biological-markers-predict-risk-of-postpartum-depression

Biological markers included immune and endocrine serum markers, neuroimaging techniques, and electrophysiological outcomes. In ... Biological marker outcomes were used as predictors of response, to understand mechanisms of TMS, and as a surrogate of safety. ... Biological Markers in Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Trials in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review. Fidalgo TM, ... there is a lack of mechanistic studies using biological markers (BMs) as an outcome. Therefore, our aim was to review ...

https://drstubbeman.com/biological-markers-in-noninvasive-brain-stimulation-trials-in-major-depressive-disorder-a-systematic-review/

CONSTANTINO, Michel et al. Behavioral economics: design of an experiment with Biological Marker 2D:4D. Rev. Psicol. Saúde [ ... 4D ratio biological marker (Fernandes et al., 2006; Dreber e Hoffman, 2007); Teixeira et al., Teixeira et al. , 2014 and Silva ... Tabak, 2015). A growing number of researches have tried to understand the nature of human behavior by adding biological factors ...

http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S2177-093X2018000100003&lng=es&nrm=is&tlng=en

Biological/surrogate markers of survival. The beneficial effects of physical activity on cancer survival may be mediated ... A second strong surrogate or biological marker associated with breast cancer survival is insulin values. There has been ... randomised controlled trials testing the effects of physical activity on cancer survival and/or surrogate/biological markers ... a small number of randomised trials of exercise on surrogate/biological markers of survival have been published. ...

https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/43/1/32

Pleural Transport Physiology: Insights from Biological Marker Measurements in Transudates Eleni Apostolidou*, 1, Irini Tsilioni ... The biological markers studied were lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenosine deaminase (ADA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive ... No correlation between the molecular radius and the pleural fluid to serum ratio of the above biological markers was found. ... Keywords: Biological markers, mesothelial barrier, pleural fluid/ serum ratio, transudates, lactate dehydrogenase, tumor ...

https://openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com/VOLUME/5/PAGE/70/ABSTRACT/

Keywords: Biological markers; Clinical trial; Outcome assessment (health care); Reference Standards; Research design; ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24582946/?dopt=Abstract

Index of Biological markers. Biological. Scores 4 to 3: Biological markers look positive and we have some confidence in them. ... Scores 1 to -1: Biological markers unclear or there is no evidence.. Scores -1 to -3: Biological markers look possibly negative ... Scores 3 to 1: Biological markers look possible positive but we have low evidence or confidence. ... Scores -3 to -4: Biological markers look negative and we have some confidence in them. ...

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1dWzh0Se0nhbPxe2Ye3o-tr3BoOBtdiCbMkpPuw2rBFE/edit

NABIL BOUDERSA, GHANIA CHAIB , ATOUI AICHA , RADIA CHERFIA, HANANE BOUDERBANE, LEILA BOUDOUR, Assessment of biological and ... Genetic diversity in several genotypes of Algerian lentil using biochemical markers. Biodiversitas 22: 3494-2500. Studying seed ... Genetic diversity in several genotypes of Algerian lentil using biochemical markers ##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article. ... The Idlep3 genotype is characterized by specific bands (or a specific marker), followed by the Flip90-31 genotype. So these two ...

https://smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/8010

Urinary chromium as a biological marker of environmental exposure: What are the limitations? Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 26(1 Pt 2 ...

https://toxstrategies.com/publications/urinary-chromium-as-a-biological-marker-of-environmental-exposure-what-are-the-limitations/

More than 20,000 of our fellow citizens have entrusted us to store the most valuable biological insurance for their children. ... Biological markers of MSCs. Currently, there is no unique token that uniquely tell about the ownership of the cells to category ... More than 20,000 of our fellow citizens have entrusted us to store the most valuable biological insurance for their children. ... Like most other types of human cells, umbilical cord MSCs can for decades to preserve their biological properties in cryogenic ...

https://cryocenter.ru/node/1006

New model to identify biological markers in patients with COVID-19 and other illnesses Investigators who recently developed a ... why treatment responses vary widely among individuals with COVID-19 have now used the model to identify biological markers ...

https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Syndrome&page=183

Biological markers as outcome measures for Alzheimers disease interventions - real problems and future possibilities - Volume ... Biological markers as outcome measures for Alzheimers disease interventions - real problems and future possibilities. ... No single biological marker can serve all the purposes of screening, differential diagnosis and measurement of severity. ... Biological markers that reflect molecular stress, such as oxidative, ribotoxic, and nitroso stress, need to be developed, ...

https://core-cms.prod.aop.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-psychogeriatrics/article/abs/biological-markers-as-outcome-measures-for-alzheimers-disease-interventions-real-problems-and-future-possibilities/FED5D846F70BD25D0FA2A0F3393B9CEE

Association Between Behavioral, Biological, and Genetic Markers of Cardiovascular Health and MRI Markers of Brain Aging: A ... Association Between Behavioral, Biological, and Genetic Markers of Cardiovascular Health a ... We sought to investigate the associations between behavioral, biological, and genetic markers for CVH and vascular brain aging ... unfavorable) biological CVH profiles were significantly related to slower WMH increase only in people aged 60-72 years. CVH ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/mdl-36319110

... through clinical or biological markers, in order to better select patients who could benefit from targeted therapy with ... Are there reliable clinical or biological markers predictive for subgroups of patients who may benefit from cetuximab therapy, ... Are there reliable clinical or biological predictive markers for bevacizumab therapy?. Several retrospective analyses of the ... Overall, to date, no clinical or biological markers predictive of bevacizumab activity in advanced NSCLC are reliable ...

https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/unanswered-questions-monoclonal-antibodies-treatment-advanced-nonsmall-cell-lung-cancer

The identification of individuals at risk of dementia with no detectable clinical manifestations of this syndrome parallels the attempts to determine the risk of the future occurrence of major disease events in the light of measurable underlying susceptibility and/or pathological markers at early stages of the clinical trajectory of the disease. (scielo.br)
However, these markers also have limitations, and their concentrations should always be interpreted in the light of the patient's clinical status. (uab.cat)
The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical and microscopic features of squamous cell carcinomas using immunohistochemical analysis and assessing biological markers of angiogenesis and tumor vascular activity (anti-CD31, anti-CD34, Factor VIII), cell proliferation (Ki-67), and loss of cell suppression (p53). (bvsalud.org)
Because the biological pathological process is observed decades years before the clinical onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is a theoretical ad-vantage in using biological markers for the early diagnosis of AD. (cambridge.org)
Biological markers that reflect molecular stress, such as oxidative, ribotoxic, and nitroso stress, need to be developed, particularly for measuring the clinical outcomes of interventions. (cambridge.org)
A number of ongoing trials have been specifically addressed to answer them, however, the first priority should be to personalize treatment, through clinical or biological markers, in order to better select patients who could benefit from targeted therapy with decreased toxicity. (cancernetwork.com)
Biological Markers in Fundamental and Clinical Medicine (scientific Journal) , 2 (2), 94-96. (biologicalmarker.com)
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of serological markers for C. trachomatis in different clinical groups of STD patients. (who.int)

Among these markers, the most relevant are the cardiac troponins (troponin I and troponin T) because of their cardiospecificity, and myoglobin because of its combination of diagnostic sensitivity and usefulness for an early diagnosis. (uab.cat)
Our findings suggest an important contribution of tumor markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of these malignancies, as well as in treatment planning. (bvsalud.org)
Neuro-psychological test batteries, brain imaging and biological markers are expected to be used for screening and differential diagnosis of dementia and also for evaluation of the efficacy of early intervention. (cambridge.org)
No single biological marker can serve all the purposes of screening, differential diagnosis and measurement of severity. (cambridge.org)
As well as providing a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of AD, there is a possibility of finding a surrogate marker of AD, which might fulfill the requirement of sufficient sensitivity and specificity for AD diagnosis, as well as indicating the disease-modifying activity of interventions. (cambridge.org)
To gain advanced understanding of critical issues in working with substance misuse clients concerning, diagnosis, classification and identification of biological markers of addiction. (edu.au)
Also determination of biological markers on lumbar fluid for the diagnosis of alzheimer's. (fda.gov)
The follow-up of the cases for several years after diagnosis (biological samples and data collected by questionnaire) will provide a unique resource to assess the role of lifestyle habits and genetic factors in prognosis and second primary cancer occurrence. (who.int)

June 15, 2009) - A team of researchers led by Dr. Jayakrishna Ambati at the University of Kentucky has discovered a biological marker for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in older adults. (eurekalert.org)

Biological monitoring of chemical exposure in the workplace : guidelines. (who.int)
A growing number of researches have tried to understand the nature of human behavior by adding biological factors, especially exposure to the hormone testosterone. (bvsalud.org)
Urinary chromium as a biological marker of environmental exposure: What are the limitations? (toxstrategies.com)
1991. Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices for 1997. (cdc.gov)
The primary objective of this proposal was to develop biological markers of human exposure to woodsmoke. (cdc.gov)

In this study we examine whether the mechanism of secretase activity will offer a new surrogate marker of AD. (cambridge.org)

Microsatellite markers, also known as simple sequence repeats (SSR), are often used to study the genetic diversity of plants and animals. (biomedcentral.com)
The objective of this study was to develop a set of microsatellite markers to be used to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of E. erythropappus and other species of the Eremanthus genus. (biomedcentral.com)
Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers can be used to identify individuals in the population. (digglicious.com)

High tumor expression of STMN1 was a prognostic marker in patients with osteosarcoma for poor prognosis (P=0.016), poor response to chemotherapy (P=0.004), the presence of metastases (P=0.003), advanced Enneking surgical stage (P=0.014), and the chondroblastic osteosarcoma subtype (P=0.004). (medscimonit.com)
Enhanced neutrophil respiratory burst as a biological marker for manipulation forces: duration of the effect and association with substance P and tumor necrosis factor. (lanjochiro.com)

These include genetic predisposition, biological markers, and lifestyle factors. (healthline.com)
European researchers are working to identify biological markers and risk factors associated with cardiometabolic diseases. (europa.eu)
The signal is among the latest of several such markers, including factors detectable in blood, genetic markers, and a sleep-specific brain wave, recently uncovered by the NIH team and grantee collaborators. (neurosciencenews.com)
Determining the factors that increase these markers can help limit the severity of RA. (yuniquemedical.com)
Lastly, the study noted changes in biological factors increase markers as well. (yuniquemedical.com)

ABSTRACT The value of serum tumour markers in the prognosis of patients with breast cancer is controversial. (who.int)

This article aims to demonstrate an experimental design in the area of behavioral economics and the inclusion of the research based cognitive bias of the 2D:4D ratio biological marker (Fernandes et al. (bvsalud.org)
Association Between Behavioral, Biological, and Genetic Markers of Cardiovascular Health and MRI Markers of Brain Aging: A Cohort Study. (bvsalud.org)
We sought to investigate the associations between behavioral, biological , and genetic markers for CVH and vascular brain aging in older adults . (bvsalud.org)
At baseline, global, behavioral, and biological CVH metrics were defined and scored following the Life 's Simple 7 approach and categorized into unfavorable, intermediate, and favorable profiles according to tertiles. (bvsalud.org)
Written by internationally recognized behavioral geneticist David C. Rowe, the book offers instructors and students a brief, contemporary presentation of biological approaches to crime with a minimum of jargon. (oup.com)

Thus, shared abnormalities between probands and unaffected relatives can serve as endophenotypes, which may provide biological genetic substrates for improved diagnostic classification ( 12 ), and ultimately may lead to better, more focused treatments. (frontiersin.org)
The serial analysis and combined use of both markers fulfill all diagnostic and prognostic requirements, and are helpful in indicating therapeutic strategies for acute coronary syndromes. (uab.cat)
IMSEAR at SEARO: Diagnostic utility of serologic markers for genital chlamydial infection in STD patients in Chennai, India. (who.int)
Joyee AG, Thyagarajan SP, Vikram Reddy E, Rajendran P, Venkatesan C, Ganapathy M. Diagnostic utility of serologic markers for genital chlamydial infection in STD patients in Chennai, India. (who.int)

Microsatellites were evaluated as genetic markers for the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) of Phytophthora cinnamomi for population studies. (digglicious.com)

Zarate, Brian Cornwell, Ph.D., and NIMH colleagues report on their brain imaging study online in the journal Biological Psychiatry . (neurosciencenews.com)
Biological Psychiatry. (uky.edu)

Biological markers included immune and endocrine serum markers, neuroimaging techniques, and electrophysiological outcomes. (drstubbeman.com)

Biological marker outcomes were used as predictors of response, to understand mechanisms of TMS, and as a surrogate of safety. (drstubbeman.com)
Other biological outcomes include changes in markers of neuronal damage, oxidative stress, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)

A background in the biological sciences is not required. (oup.com)
The biological sciences, or the life sciences, encompass a broad spectrum of subjects from molecular biology to ecology as well as such disciplines as biochemistry, biophysics, genetics and physiology. (brocku.ca)
The program is designed to provide the student with a broad base in modern biological thought, to fulfill the basic requirements for admission to professional and advanced degree studies and to prepare graduates for careers in the biological sciences and related fields. (brocku.ca)
The honours year provides students with the opportunity for either broadening their understanding of the biological sciences or for increased specialization. (brocku.ca)
Students must apply to the Department of Biological Sciences in order to be admitted to year 4 (honours). (brocku.ca)
Prerequisite requirements are strictly enforced in Biological Sciences courses. (brocku.ca)

Compared with the survivor patients, non‑survivors had a higher prevalence of diabetes, chronic kidney disease and coronary heart disease, as well as higher values of laboratory markers such as neutrophil‑lymphocyte ratio (NLR), D‑dimer, procalcitonin, IL‑6 and C Reactive protein (CRP) and respectively high values of imaging severity scores. (spandidos-publications.com)

Early identification of markers associated with disease severity and mortality can lead to a prompter therapeutic approach. (spandidos-publications.com)
Laboratory markers and imaging severity scores could be used to stratify mortality risk in COVID‑19 patients. (spandidos-publications.com)

No correlation between the molecular radius and the pleural fluid to serum ratio of the above biological markers was found. (openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com)
Microsatellite loci present the highest information content among all classes of molecular markers [ 27 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Their duration of benefit and availability to the molecular characteristics of pathogens, such as viru- appears limited at the biological level, a constraint not seen lence, transmissibility, and survival fitness, which are with therapies for other disease conditions. (cdc.gov)
The study team, formerly based at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, Calif., published their current findings online March 8 in Molecular Cell. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
These solutions are primarily in molecular diagnostics, which allow clients to analyze biological markers. (moiglobal.com)
MBG excels in basic research, answering key biological questions with application in understanding the molecular basis of human diseases. (europa.eu)

The company's Light Treatment platform combines biological insights and genetic marker knowledge to mediate genetic expression with a one-time application of light signals. (curiowellness.com)

Auraptene (AUR) and naringenin (NAR) are citrus-derived phytochemicals that influence several biological mechanisms associated with cognitive decline, including neuronal damage, oxidative stress and inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
This study will evaluate whether an intervention with citrus peel extract standardized in levels of AUR and NAR has cognitive and biological effects in older adults with SCD, facilitating the establishment of nutrition intervention in people at risk of cognitive decline. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings suggest that SCD may be an early-stage marker for AD and a potential target to test interventions aimed at maintaining cognitive function as long as possible. (biomedcentral.com)

In order to find epigenetic markers for schizophrenia, the researchers used a machine learning algorithm to look for DNA methylation patterns in specific regions of the human genome called CoRSIVs. (gradyhealth.org)
A number of previous studies have analyzed methylation profiles in blood samples in an attempt to identify epigenetic markers of schizophrenia, the researchers noted. (gradyhealth.org)
Researchers at the Tabriz University of Medical Science found pain and sleep affect inflammatory markers in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. (yuniquemedical.com)

Nine primers amplified the expected size fragments and seven SSRs were polymorphic, providing a total of 38 alleles and an average of 4.22 alleles per marker. (biomedcentral.com)
The total number of alleles was 38 and the number of alleles per polymorphic marker ranged from 2 to 18 (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)

New biological markers of myocardial injury have improved the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes. (uab.cat)
Biological markers of acute kidney injury. (biomedcentral.com)

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Conclusions: This study indicates that cortisol levels and blood pressure are sensitive markers of biological responses to severe work stress. (unipa.it)

Their analysis of blood samples identified epigenetic markers - part of your DNA - that differ between people with schizophrenia and those without the mental health disorder. (gradyhealth.org)
DNA methylation is a common epigenetic marker. (gradyhealth.org)
To figure out whether the effects of age could be reversed, they measured biological age using epigenetic clocks on several tissues. (thesciencebreaker.org)
The epigenetic clocks revealed a reduced biological age for several organs in long-term treated genetically modified mice. (thesciencebreaker.org)

The marker, a receptor known as CCR3, shows strong potential as a means for both the early detection of the disease and for preventive treatment. (eurekalert.org)
CCR3 chemokine receptor is known to be a key player in the allergic inflammation process, but Dr. Ambati's studies have now identified CCR3 as a key marker of the CNV process involved in AMD. (eurekalert.org)

Through a combination of microscopic simulations and fluorescence microscopy we find the lipid transport rate catalyzed by the DNA nanostructure exceeds 10 7 molecules per second, which is three orders of magnitude higher than the rate of lipid transport catalyzed by biological enzymes. (nature.com)

The hypothesized existence of cancer stem cells (CSC) and its markers aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), CD44, SOX2 and OCT4 in oral dysplastic tissues provides the potential for a more reliable assessment of malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). (jomfp.in)
The expression of CSC markers in OED and normal mucosa differs significantly with co-expression of all four markers located only in dysplastic tissues. (jomfp.in)

Thus, the present study is intended to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of four different CSC markers ALDH1, CD44, SOX2 and OCT4 in different grades of OED and to investigate the co-expression of these putative stem cell markers in OED. (jomfp.in)

1974. In: Biological handbooks: Biology data book, Volume III, second edition. (cdc.gov)
Biology and Crime profiles biological approaches to understanding why some people are criminals and others not. (oup.com)
This book will enrich students' appreciation of the nexus of biology and crime--without negating non-biological theories of crime. (oup.com)
Although the undergraduate program provides students with flexibility in selecting the areas of biology most compatible with their interests and skills, it also ensures that students develop an overview of the major concepts and problems of modern biology as expressed at all levels of biological organization. (brocku.ca)

The idea is to predict ahead of time biological markers in the treatment of tumors," Prof. Ciechanover said. (oncohost.com)

Through the computational evaluation of markers of oxidation (plasma Mitoxantrone distributor malondialdehyde, oxidized glutathione and urinary isoprostanes) and antioxidants (decreased glutathione, tocopherol and plasma antioxidant capability) an index of global oxidative tension (OXY-SCORE) continues to be proposed6. (healthweblognews.info)

Compared to adult cells, umbilical cord MSCs possess the highest proliferative potential (ability to replicate) and biological activity, making them one of the main candidates for use in regenerative medicine and cell therapy. (cryocenter.ru)
Micro/nanofluidics are excellent candidates for biological sample preparation. (elsevier.com)

New biological research reveals how an invading virus hijacks a cell's workings by imitating a signaling marker to defeat the body's defenses. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
NeoClone Biotechnology International , which develops monoclonal antibodies for use in research, has landed a $750,000 federal contract to continue research into biological markers that signal ovarian cancer, according to a report in the Wisconsin State Journal . (wtnnews.com)

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HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS) and probability surveys of risk behaviours, including those integrated with biological markers. (who.int)

Co-expression of all four markers was found in 15 cases of OED with none of the normal cases showing co-expression. (jomfp.in)

Efforts have been underway for decades to identify genetic or other biological markers for PPD. (asiapacificstar.com)
Investigators who recently developed a mathematical model that indicated why treatment responses vary widely among individuals with COVID-19 have now used the model to identify biological markers related to these different responses. (news-medical.net)
Scientists have discovered a biological marker that may help to identify which depressed patients will respond to an experimental, rapid-acting antidepressant. (neurosciencenews.com)
The aim is also to identify biological markers of outcome. (who.int)
Until now, no single protein marker has been able to unequivocally identify the CSCs. (jomfp.in)

In addition, levels of fibrin related markers (D-dimer) are moderately or significantly elevated, suggesting coagulation activation, especially in dead patients ( 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This prospective study in Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran, assessed the value of the tumour markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 in 159 patients with primary breast cancer. (who.int)
Monday, December 7th: 6:30 - 9:00 pm Biological markers are increasingly accepted by the medical community as one of the major tools to help phenotype patients. (globalcvctforum.com)
Thus, a panel of putative CSC markers will help in identifying the patients with high risk for malignant transformation in OED. (jomfp.in)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the pleural mesothelial barrier and of the biological markers that facilitate or eliminate the passage of molecules through the pleura. (openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com)
Using blood-derived inflammation profiles measured by a multiplex array in 268 participants from the Italian component of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, we evaluate the association between early life, young adulthood and later adulthood SEP with each inflammatory markers separately, or by combining them into an inflammatory score. (lifepathproject.eu)
By the means of measuring the function ability of its physiological systems, it is possible to evaluate the biological age and use it as an indicator of premature aging. (nel.edu)

Without a biological marker to confirm cases of AFM, classification of cases is challenging. (cdc.gov)

Contribution of biological markers to occupational health. (cdc.gov)

Favorable and intermediate (vs. unfavorable) biological CVH profiles were significantly related to slower WMH increase only in people aged 60-72 years. (bvsalud.org)
Fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) is a marker of renal tubular function, and is a significantly cheaper investigation [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers: Biological Markers in Depression. (bvsalud.org)

For this group we perform regular, routine imaging, as well as follow blood markers using blood tests that help us look for the disease. (clpmag.com)
Genomics examines genetic information to determine biological markers predisposing an individual to disease. (warwick.ac.uk)

To explore potential biological embedding and the consequences of SEP experiences from early life to adulthood, we investigate how SEP indicators at different points across the life course may be related to a combination of 28 inflammation markers. (lifepathproject.eu)

however, there is a lack of mechanistic studies using biological markers (BMs) as an outcome. (drstubbeman.com)
These newly developed SSR markers are a powerful tool for population genetic analyses and may be useful in studies on species ecology, evolution, and taxonomy. (biomedcentral.com)
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Comparison of potential markers of the biological age of healthy male adults and paraplegics. (nel.edu)

Anatomy12

Organisms6

Diseases20

Chemicals and Drugs53

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment69

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations9

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science14

Health Care34

Geographicals2

Thyroid hormone effects on Krox-24 transcription in the post-natal mouse brain are developmentally regulated but are not correlated with mitosis. (1/39254)

Serum triglyceride: a possible risk factor for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. (2/39254)

Constitutional, biochemical and lifestyle correlates of fibrinogen and factor VII activity in Polish urban and rural populations. (3/39254)

Hepatitis B--are surgeons putting patients at risk? (4/39254)

Measurement of serum TSH in the investigation of patients presenting with thyroid enlargement. (5/39254)

Endocrine biomarkers of early fetal loss in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) following exposure to dioxin. (6/39254)

Oesophageal epithelial innervation in health and reflux oesophagitis. (7/39254)

Elevated carboxy terminal cross linked telopeptide of type I collagen in alcoholic cirrhosis: relation to liver and kidney function and bone metabolism. (8/39254)

Biological Markers

Tumor Markers, Biological

Genetic Markers

Ki-67 Antigen

Prognosis

Salsoline Alkaloids

Predictive Value of Tests

Immunohistochemistry

Models, Biological

Neoplasms, Gonadal Tissue

Sensitivity and Specificity

Environmental Exposure

Environmental Monitoring

Receptors, Progesterone

Breast Neoplasms

Case-Control Studies

Receptor, erbB-2

Time Factors

gamma-Glutamyltransferase

Prospective Studies

Carcinogens, Environmental

Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

Neoplasm Staging

Reproducibility of Results

Environmental Pollutants

Alcoholism

Receptors, Estrogen

Treatment Outcome

Risk Factors

Nipples

Disease Progression

ROC Curve

Phenotype

C-Reactive Protein

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Neoplasms

Occupational Exposure

Gene Expression Profiling

Severity of Illness Index

Reference Values

Biological Products

Survival Analysis

Calcitonin

Follow-Up Studies

Lead

Retrospective Studies

Neoplasm Proteins

Survival Rate

Alzheimer Disease

RNA, Messenger

Brain

tau Proteins

Multivariate Analysis

Molecular Sequence Data

Saliva

Disease-Free Survival

Mutation

Analysis of Variance

Neoadjuvant Therapy

Lung Neoplasms

Biological Assay

Transferrin

Immunoenzyme Techniques

Blood Proteins

Schizophrenia

Cohort Studies

Biological Therapy

France

Hydrocortisone

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

Adenocarcinoma

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2

Lymphatic Metastasis

Regression Analysis

Alcohol Drinking

Cytokines

Aging

Antigens, Neoplasm