Biofilms. Medical search

Encrustations, formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedding in extracellular polymers, that adhere to surfaces such as teeth (DENTAL DEPOSITS); PROSTHESES AND IMPLANTS; and catheters. Biofilms are prevented from forming by treating surfaces with DENTIFRICES; DISINFECTANTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; and antifouling agents.

Community of tiny aquatic PLANTS and ANIMALS, and photosynthetic BACTERIA, that are either free-floating or suspended in the water, with little or no power of locomotion. They are divided into PHYTOPLANKTON and ZOOPLANKTON.

A species of STAPHYLOCOCCUS that is a spherical, non-motile, gram-positive, chemoorganotrophic, facultative anaerobe. Mainly found on the skin and mucous membrane of warm-blooded animals, it can be primary pathogen or secondary invader.

Ability of a microbe to survive under given conditions. This can also be related to a colony's ability to replicate.

A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection.

Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.

Physicochemical property of fimbriated (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL) and non-fimbriated bacteria of attaching to cells, tissue, and nonbiological surfaces. It is a factor in bacterial colonization and pathogenicity.

Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point-by-point. The image is constructed by detecting the products of specimen interactions that are projected above the plane of the sample, such as backscattered electrons. Although SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY also scans the specimen point by point with the electron beam, the image is constructed by detecting the electrons, or their interaction products that are transmitted through the sample plane, so that is a form of TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.

A unicellular budding fungus which is the principal pathogenic species causing CANDIDIASIS (moniliasis).

Physiological processes and properties of BACTERIA.

A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria that is numerous in the mouth and throat. It is a common cause of endocarditis and is also implicated in dental plaque formation.

A light microscopic technique in which only a small spot is illuminated and observed at a time. An image is constructed through point-by-point scanning of the field in this manner. Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible.

A polysaccharide-producing species of STREPTOCOCCUS isolated from human dental plaque.

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

Ionized gases, consisting of free electrons and ionized atoms or molecules which collectively behave differently than gas, solid, or liquid. Plasma gases are used in biomedical fields in surface modification; biological decontamination; dentistry (e.g., PLASMA ARC DENTAL CURING LIGHTS); and in other treatments (e.g., ARGON PLASMA COAGULATION).

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

The inter- and intra-relationships between various microorganisms. This can include both positive (like SYMBIOSIS) and negative (like ANTIBIOSIS) interactions. Examples include virus - bacteria and bacteria - bacteria.

Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.

A phenomenon where microorganisms communicate and coordinate their behavior by the accumulation of signaling molecules. A reaction occurs when a substance accumulates to a sufficient concentration. This is most commonly seen in bacteria.

A liquid that functions as a strong oxidizing agent. It has an acrid odor and is used as a disinfectant.

Substances used on inanimate objects that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. Disinfectants are classed as complete, destroying SPORES as well as vegetative forms of microorganisms, or incomplete, destroying only vegetative forms of the organisms. They are distinguished from ANTISEPTICS, which are local anti-infective agents used on humans and other animals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).

A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.

Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues.

A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

Polysaccharides found in bacteria and in capsules thereof.

Substances used on humans and other animals that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. They are distinguished from DISINFECTANTS, which are used on inanimate objects.

The oval-shaped oral cavity located at the apex of the digestive tract and consisting of two parts: the vestibule and the oral cavity proper.

Potentially pathogenic bacteria found in nasal membranes, skin, hair follicles, and perineum of warm-blooded animals. They may cause a wide range of infections and intoxications.

An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.

The presence of an infectious agent on instruments, prostheses, or other inanimate articles.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

Electric power supply devices which convert biological energy, such as chemical energy of metabolism or mechanical energy of periodic movements, into electrical energy.

Tools or devices for generating products using the synthetic or chemical conversion capacity of a biological system. They can be classical fermentors, cell culture perfusion systems, or enzyme bioreactors. For production of proteins or enzymes, recombinant microorganisms such as bacteria, mammalian cells, or insect or plant cells are usually chosen.

A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria whose organisms are nonmotile. Filaments that may be present in certain species are either straight or wavy and may have swollen or clubbed heads.

A colorless liquid extracted from oils of plants such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, and tuberose. It is an intermediate step in the biological synthesis of cholesterol from mevalonic acid in vertebrates. It has a delicate odor and is used in perfumery. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.

A group of different species of microorganisms that act together as a community.

Stainless steel. A steel containing Ni, Cr, or both. It does not tarnish on exposure and is used in corrosive environments. (Grant & Hack's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Cyclic hexapeptides of proline-ornithine-threonine-proline-threonine-serine. The cyclization with a single non-peptide bond can lead them to be incorrectly called DEPSIPEPTIDES, but the echinocandins lack ester links. Antifungal activity is via inhibition of 1,3-beta-glucan synthase production of BETA-GLUCANS.

A species of gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria isolated from the gingival margin and sulcus and from infections of the upper respiratory tract and pleural cavity.

Measurable quantity of bacteria in an object, organism, or organism compartment.

The ability of fungi to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antifungal agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation.

Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetative mass produced from any given crop.

A broad family of synthetic organosiloxane polymers containing a repeating silicon-oxygen backbone with organic side groups attached via carbon-silicon bonds. Depending on their structure, they are classified as liquids, gels, and elastomers. (From Merck Index, 12th ed)

Infections resulting from the use of catheters. Proper aseptic technique, site of catheter placement, material composition, and virulence of the organism are all factors that can influence possible infection.

Polymers of silicone that are formed by crosslinking and treatment with amorphous silica to increase strength. They have properties similar to vulcanized natural rubber, in that they stretch under tension, retract rapidly, and fully recover to their original dimensions upon release. They are used in the encapsulation of surgical membranes and implants.

A flexible, tubular device that is used to carry fluids into or from a blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity.

A polyvinyl resin used extensively in the manufacture of plastics, including medical devices, tubing, and other packaging. It is also used as a rubber substitute.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

Quaternary salts derived from tetrazoles. They are used in tests to distinguish between reducing sugars and simple aldehydes, for detection of dehydrogenase in tissues, cells, and bacteria, for determination of corticosteroids, and in color photography. (From Mall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed, p455)

A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.

A species of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacteria in the family STREPTOCOCCACEAE. It is a normal inhabitant of the human oral cavity, and causes DENTAL PLAQUE and ENDOCARDITIS. It is being investigated as a vehicle for vaccine delivery.

Salts of alginic acid that are extracted from marine kelp and used to make dental impressions and as absorbent material for surgical dressings.

Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.

The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).

A genus of yeast-like mitosporic Saccharomycetales fungi characterized by producing yeast cells, mycelia, pseudomycelia, and blastophores. It is commonly part of the normal flora of the skin, mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina, but can cause a variety of infections, including CANDIDIASIS; ONYCHOMYCOSIS; vulvovaginal candidiasis (CANDIDIASIS, VULVOVAGINAL), and thrush (see CANDIDIASIS, ORAL). (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Polymerized forms of styrene used as a biocompatible material, especially in dentistry. They are thermoplastic and are used as insulators, for injection molding and casting, as sheets, plates, rods, rigid forms and beads.

A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic rods. It is a saprophytic, marine organism which is often isolated from spoiling fish.

A natural association between organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them. This often refers to the production of chemicals by one microorganism that is harmful to another.

Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.

Resistance of artificial biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem and tobramycin. (1/4882)

Viable cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were entrapped in alginate gel layers and incubated in a minimal glucose (15 g/L)-yeast extract (2 g/L)-salt medium to form artificial biofilm-like structures. After cultivation for 2 days, the biomass distribution inside the polymer was highly heterogeneous. The cell number reached approximately 1011 cells/g gel in the outer regions of the gel structures whereas the inner areas were less colonized (c. 10(8) cells g/gel). Killing of immobilized organisms by imipenem and tobramycin were compared with free-cell experiments (inoculum c. 10(9) cells/mL). Sessile-like bacteria displayed a higher resistance to the two antibiotics used alone or in combination than did suspended cells. Exposure for 10 h to 20 x MIC imipenem and 15 x MIC tobramycin reduced the number of viable immobilized bacteria to 0.3% and 3%, respectively, of the initial cell population, whereas these antibiotic concentrations were much more efficient (bactericidal) against free-cell cultures (5 log kill in 6 h). A synergic effect of tobramycin and imipenem was detected on bacterial suspensions but not on biofilm-like structures. Effective diffusivity measurements showed that the diffusion of imipenem in the alginate layer was not hindered. A slight but significant enhancement of beta-lactamase induction in immobilized cells as compared with their suspended counterparts was insufficient to explain the high resistance of sessile-like bacteria. (+info)

Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor: identification of a gene cluster required for the rugose colony type, exopolysaccharide production, chlorine resistance, and biofilm formation. (2/4882)

The rugose colony variant of Vibrio cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, is shown to produce an exopolysaccharide, EPSETr, that confers chlorine resistance and biofilm-forming capacity. EPSETr production requires a chromosomal locus, vps, that contains sequences homologous to carbohydrate biosynthesis genes of other bacterial species. Mutations within this locus yield chlorine-sensitive, smooth colony variants that are biofilm deficient. The biofilm-forming properties of EPSETr may enable the survival of V. cholerae O1 within environmental aquatic habitats between outbreaks of human disease. (+info)

Surface-grafted, environmentally sensitive polymers for biofilm release. (3/4882)

Controlling bacterial biofouling is desirable for almost every human enterprise in which solid surfaces are introduced into nonsterile aqueous environments. One approach that is used to decrease contamination of manufactured devices by microorganisms is using materials that easily slough off accumulated material (i.e., fouling release surfaces). The compounds currently used for this purpose rely on low surface energy to inhibit strong attachment of organisms. In this study, we examined the possible use of environmentally responsive (or "smart") polymers as a new class of fouling release agents; a surface-grafted thermally responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM), was used as a model compound. PNIPAAM is known to have a lower critical solubility temperature of approximately 32 degrees C (i.e., it is insoluble in water at temperatures above 32 degrees C and is soluble at temperatures below 32 degrees C). Under experimental conditions, >90% of cultured microorganisms (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Halomonas marina) and naturally occurring marine microorganisms that attached to grafted PNIPAAM surfaces during 2-, 18-, 36-, and 72-h incubations were removed when the hydration state of the polymer was changed from a wettability that was favorable for attachment to a wettability that was less favorable. Of particular significance is the observation that an organism known to attach in the greatest numbers to hydrophobic substrata (i.e., H. marina) was removed when transition of PNIPAAM to a more hydrated state occurred, whereas an organism that attaches in the greatest numbers to hydrophilic substrata (i.e., S. epidermidis) was removed when the opposite transition occurred. Neither solvated nor desolvated PNIPAAM exhibited intrinsic fouling release properties, indicating that the phase transition was the important factor in removal of organisms. Based on our observations of the behavior of this model system, we suggest that environmentally responsive polymers represent a new approach for controlling biofouling release. (+info)

Ultrasonic enhancement of antibiotic action on Escherichia coli biofilms: an in vivo model. (4/4882)

Biofilm infections are a common complication of prosthetic devices in humans. Previous in vitro research has determined that low-frequency ultrasound combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics is an effective method of killing biofilms. We report the development of an in vivo model to determine if ultrasound enhances antibiotic action. Two 24-h-old Escherichia coli (ATCC 10798) biofilms grown on polyethylene disks were implanted subcutaneously on the backs of New Zealand White female rabbits, one on each side of the spine. Low-frequency (28.48-kHz) and low-power-density (100- and 300-mW/cm2) continuous ultrasound treatment was applied for 24 h with and without systemic administration of gentamicin. The disks were then removed, and the number of viable bacteria on each disk was determined. At the low ultrasonic power used in this study, exposure to ultrasound only (no gentamicin) caused no significant difference in bacterial viability. In the presence of antibiotic, there was a significant reduction due to 300-mW/cm2 ultrasound (P = 0.0485) but no significant reduction due to 100-mW/cm2 ultrasound. Tissue damage to the skin was noted at the 300-mW/cm2 treatment level. Further development of this technique has promise in treatment of clinical implant infections. (+info)

Study of the response of a biofilm bacterial community to UV radiation. (5/4882)

We have developed a bioluminescent whole-cell biosensor that can be incorporated into biofilm ecosystems. RM4440 is a Pseudomonas aeruginosa FRD1 derivative that carries a plasmid-based recA-luxCDABE fusion. We immobilized RM4440 in an alginate matrix to simulate a biofilm, and we studied its response to UV radiation damage. The biofilm showed a protective property by physical shielding against UV C, UV B, and UV A. Absorption of UV light by the alginate matrix translated into a higher survival rate than observed with planktonic cells at similar input fluences. UV A was shown to be effectively blocked by the biofilm matrix and to have no detectable effects on cells contained in the biofilm. However, in the presence of photosensitizers (i.e., psoralen), UV A was effective in inducing light production and cell death. RM4440 has proved to be a useful tool to study microbial communities in a noninvasive manner. (+info)

Characterization of the importance of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the pathogenesis of biomaterial-based infection in a mouse foreign body infection model. (6/4882)

The production of biofilm is thought to be crucial in the pathogenesis of prosthetic-device infections caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis. An experimental animal model was used to assess the importance of biofilm production, which is mediated by polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin (PIA/HA), in the pathogenesis of a biomaterial-based infection. Mice were inoculated along the length of a subcutaneously implanted intravenous catheter with either wild-type S. epidermidis 1457 or its isogenic PIA/HA-negative mutant. The wild-type strain was significantly more likely to cause a subcutaneous abscess than the mutant strain (P < 0.01) and was significantly less likely to be eradicated from the inoculation site by host defense (P < 0.05). In addition, the wild-type strain was found to adhere to the implanted catheters more abundantly than the PIA/HA-negative mutant (P < 0.05). The reliability of the adherence assay was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. To exclude contamination or spontaneous infection, bacterial strains recovered from the experimental animals were compared to inoculation strains by analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In vitro binding of the wild-type strain and its isogenic mutant to a fibronectin-coated surface was similar. These results confirm the importance of biofilm production, mediated by PIA/HA, in the pathogenesis of S. epidermidis experimental foreign body infection. (+info)

Characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin in the pathogenesis of intravascular catheter-associated infection in a rat model. (7/4882)

Biofilm production is thought to be a crucial factor in the ability of Staphylococcus epidermidis to produce a biomaterial-based infection. A rat central venous catheter (CVC)-associated infection model was used to assess the importance of biofilm production, mediated by polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin (PIA/HA), in the pathogenesis of intravascular catheter-associated infection. PIA/HA-positive S. epidermidis 1457 was significantly more likely to cause a CVC-associated infection (71 versus 14%, P < 0.03) resulting in bacteremia and metastatic disease than its isogenic PIA/HA-negative mutant. These results confirm the importance of biofilm production, mediated by PIA/HA, in the pathogenesis of S. epidermidis experimental CVC-associated infection. (+info)

Characterization of the relationship between polysaccharide intercellular adhesin and hemagglutination in Staphylococcus epidermidis. (8/4882)

To determine whether a relationship exists between biofilm formation and hemagglutination in Staphylococcus epidermidis, 20 skin isolates and 19 prosthetic valve endocarditis isolates were characterized for biofilm formation, hemagglutination, and the presence of a 357-bp polymerase chain reaction product within icaA. A strong association existed between biofilm formation, which has been linked to strains that produce polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), and hemagglutination. Strains that produced biofilm were significantly (P<.001) more likely to mediate hemagglutination (16 biofilm-positive/hemagglutination-positive strains and 19 biofilm-negative/hemagglutination-negative strains) within the 39 clinical strains tested. In addition, Staphylococcus carnosus TM300, a biofilm-negative, hemagglutination-negative strain, carrying the ica operon-containing plasmid pCN27, produced significant biofilm on glass and mediated hemagglutination (>/=1/128). It was concluded that production of PIA and hemagglutination are strongly associated and that PIA, at least in part, mediates hemagglutination in S. epidermidis. (+info)

Some species of bacteria secrete it to form biofilms. Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth. The cellulose ... Romeo, Tony (2008). Bacterial biofilms. Berlin: Springer. pp. 258-263. ISBN 978-3-540-75418-3. Klemm, Dieter; Heublein, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose

Kumamoto, Carol A. (2006). "Candida albicans Biofilms Produce Antifungal-Tolerant Persister Cells". Antimicrobial Agents and ... "Candida biofilms". Current Opinion in Microbiology. 5 (6): 608-611. doi:10.1016/S1369-5274(02)00371-5. PMID 12457706. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Kumamoto

"Bacteriophages and Biofilms". Antibiotics. 3 (3): 270-284. doi:10.3390/antibiotics3030270. PMC 4790368. Patrick Jault; Thomas ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phagoburn

NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes. 4 (1): 14. doi:10.1038/s41522-018-0057-2. PMC 6031612. PMID 30002868. Whelan, Nathan V.; Kocot, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctenophora

Starvation in biofilms is due to nutrient consumption by cells located on the periphery of biofilm clusters and by reduced ... Biofilm bacteria shows extreme tolerance to almost all antibiotic classes, and supplying limiting substrates can restore ... One of the most important causes of starvation induced tolerance in vivo is biofilm growth, which occurs in many chronic ... Fux, C.A.; Costerton, J.W.; Stewart, P.S.; Stoodley, P. (January 2005). "Survival strategies of infectious biofilms". Trends in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starvation_response

Bacterial strain with deleted SrbA had reduced biofilm mass. As the ability to form biofilms can contribute to the ability a ... Taylor PK, Van Kessel AT, Colavita A, Hancock RE, Mah TF (2017). "A novel small RNA is important for biofilm formation and ... SrbA (sRNA regulator of biofilms A) is a small regulatory non-coding RNA identified in pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is ... Stewart PS, Franklin MJ (March 2008). "Physiological heterogeneity in biofilms". Nature Reviews. Microbiology. 6 (3): 199-210. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SrbA_sRNA

These compounds are important in biofilm formation and cells' attachment to surfaces. EPSs constitute 50% to 90% of a biofilm's ... elegans within the biofilms and preventing the exploration of nematodes to feed on susceptible biofilms. This significantly ... "Physico-Chemical Properties of Biofilms", in L. V. Evans (ed.), Biofilms: Recent Advances in their Study and Control, CRC Press ... Bacteria existing in biofilms are less vulnerable compared to planktonic bacteria, as the EPS matrix is able to act as a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extracellular_polymeric_substance

Socransky SS, Haffajee AD (2002). "Dental biofilms: difficult therapeutic targets". Periodontology 2000. 28 (1): 12-55. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus_(dental)

... and Pipe Materials on Bacterial and Eukaryotic Community Structure in Drinking Water Biofilm". Environmental Science & ... "Opportunistic pathogens enriched in showerhead biofilms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (38): 16393- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiomes_of_the_built_environment

This can be accompanied by microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Bacteria can form biofilms or slimes. Thus the ... The biofilm structure is usually complex. Bacterial fouling can occur under either aerobic (with oxygen dissolved in water) or ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fouling

Much of Lewis's work involves biofilms. Lewis, Gillian D., and THEODORE G. Metcalf. "Polyethylene glycol precipitation for ... "Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the bacterial communities in stream epilithic biofilms." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 65, no ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gillian_Dianne_Lewis

Kalmokoff M. L.; Austin J. W.; Wan X. D.; Sanders G.; Banerjee S.; Farber J. M. (2001). "Adsorption, attachment and biofilm ... Zottola E. A., Sasahara K. C.; Sasahara (1994). "Microbial biofilms in the food processing industry ñ should they be a concern ... Parini M. R.; Pitt W. G. (2005). "Removal of oral biofilms by bubbles". Journal of the American Dental Association. 136 (12): ... Chae M. S.; Schraft H. (2000). "Comparative evaluation of adhesion and biofilm formation of different Listeria monocytogenes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria

"Douglas Leiterman (bio)". Film Reference Library. 5 April 2004. Archived from the original on 13 August 2007. Retrieved 9 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fabulous_Sixties

Costerton, J. William (2007). The Biofilm Primer. Berlin: Springer. p. 91. ISBN 978-3-540-68022-2. "All GWIS Honorary ... She currently studies the regulation of biofilm development and virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Iglewski has published ... work with Peter Greenberg demonstrated that gram-negative bacteria produce AHL signals that control processes such as biofilm ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Iglewski

The air flows through a packed bed and the pollutant transfers into a thin biofilm on the surface of the packing material. ... Generally, the biofilm is formed by a community of different microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, yeast, etc.), macro-organisms ( ... A biofilter is a bed of media on which microorganisms attach and grow to form a biological layer called biofilm. Biofiltration ... Trickling filters and bioscrubbers rely on a biofilm and the bacterial action in their recirculating waters. The technology ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilter

... initiating the formation of a biofilm. By the end of the first week, the rich nutrients and ease of attachment into the biofilm ... Specifically, after days biofilms (slime) can coat the surfaces, which buries the chemical activity and allows microorganisms ... Preventing biofilm formation prevents larger organisms from attaching themselves to the instrument and eventually rendering it ... The biocides prevent the formation of biofilms. Other biocides are toxic to larger organisms in biofouling, such as the fungi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofouling

Biofilms are an example of microbe-microbe interactions and are thought to be associated with up to 80% of human infections. ... "Research on microbial biofilms (PA-03-047)". NIH, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 20 December 2002. Valle J, Vergara ... Recently it has been shown that there are specific genes and cell surface proteins involved in the formation of biofilm. These ... This expression profile may be used in subsequent analysis of other microbes to predict biofilm microbe behaviour, or to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenomics

Trulear MG, Characklis, WG (September 1982). "Dynamics of Biofilm Processes". Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_thermal_energy_conversion

Parsek, M.; Singh, P. (2003). "Bacterial biofilms: an emerging link to disease pathogenesis". Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 57: 677-701 ... Gallium compounds are active against infection-related biofilms, particularly those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_maltolate

Over time, biofilms can completely erode the stone. Many sites are especially prone to the effects of Yucatan's climate, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degradation_of_Mayan_archeological_sites

Aspiras MB, Ellen RP, Cvitkovitch DG (September 2004). "ComX activity of Streptococcus mutans growing in biofilms". FEMS ... occurs at high cell density and is associated with biofilm formation. Competence in B. subtilis is induced toward the end of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_(genetics)

In the biofilms and/or microbial mats, which are formed in the caves, the principal organisms associated are bacteria, ... These are thick orange microbial mats (2.5 to 3 cm [1.0 to 1.2 in] thick) with patches of yellow biofilms extending 3 m (9.8 ft ... The spring waters display floating mucus-like biofilms. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borra_Caves

February 1999). "Biofilm formation by Helicobacter pylori". Letters in Applied Microbiology. 28 (2): 121-6. doi:10.1046/j.1365- ... It is capable of forming biofilms and can convert from spiral to a possibly viable but nonculturable coccoid form. Helicobacter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicobacter_pylori

Biofilms can be studied without the artifacts introduced during SEM preparation, as well as dentin and detergents have been ... Little, B., Wagner, P., Ray, R.I., Pope, R. and Scheetz, R. (1991). "Biofilms: Artifacts introduced during SEM preparation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_scanning_electron_microscope

"Microbial biofilms and the preservation of the Ediacara biota". Lethaia. 44 (2): 203-213. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.2010.00235.x ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ediacaran_type_preservation

It feeds mainly by grazing on biofilms and diatoms. Some of the populations of this species are spreading, and these can reach ... Theodoxus fluviatilis feeds mainly on diatoms living on stones, scraping biofilms and also consuming detritus. It can also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodoxus_fluviatilis

Microbial biofilms have been found degrading stone buildings at Uxmal and Kabah. Phototrophs such as Xenococcus are found more ... Ortega-Morales O; Guezennec J; Hernández-Duque G; Gaylarde CC; Gaylarde PM (2000). "Phototrophic biofilms on ancient Mayan ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabah_(Maya_site)

Reeser RJ, Medler RT, Billington SJ, Jost BH, Joens LA (2007). "Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni biofilms under defined ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucella_agar

Many lab strains lose their ability to form biofilms. These features protect wild type strains from antibodies and other ... "Isolation of an Escherichia coli K-12 mutant strain able to form biofilms on inert surfaces: involvement of a new ompR allele ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli_in_molecular_biology

1994), from a freshwater neuston biofilm". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (Pt 3): 681-4 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcicella_aquatica

The rotating cell biofilm reactor (RCBR) is a new type of biological process based on biofilm active sludge used in wastewaters ... This biofilm system does not need any blower to oxygenate the bacteria colonies. Its the simple cell rotation to produce the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotating_cell_biofilm_reactor

more on biofilm. so biofilms forming on food particles means that yogurt is a biofilm,. just devoid of large scale structural ... strep is a biofilm. ankylosing spondylitis is a biofilm condition. allergies can be caused by biofilm toxins pubmed. staph ... gallstones are biofilm. UTIS are biofilm. saccharomyces and clostridia. saccharomyces a poor biofilm former compared to ... franz xaver messerschmidt - biofilm sculpture usman on biofilm - the BCD still rules. the biofilm bandwagon slowly gathers ...

http://members.tripod.com/mueller_ranges/links/compendium/biofilms.html

... Image: Red biofilms on the tunnel floor. Caption: BIOMINERALIZATION OF Fe OXIDES AND ZnS AT THE TENNYSON MINE, ...

https://www.nsf.gov/news/speeches/colwell/rc01_anatlesson/tsld011.htm

Biofilms Biofilms are bacterial colonies that are attached to a surface. They grow from suspended, or planktonic, cells ... We are investigating the dynamics of biofilm growth using experimental, simulation, and mathematical modeling methods. This ... attaching to the surface and by cell division and movement of existing attached cells. Biofilms are found naturally in many ...

https://sites.google.com/a/doane.edu/compphy-doane/projects/biofilms

Biofilms.. Stickler D1.. Author information. 1. Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF1 3TL, Wales, UK ... The past year has seen important advances in our understanding of how cells initiate biofilm formation. We have also begun to ... Outside of the laboratory, most microbes grow as organised biofilm communities on surfaces. ... appreciate how cells can co-ordinate their activities and build the complex structures of mature biofilms that afford ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10383861?dopt=Abstract

Microbial biofilms are multicellular communities of sessile microorganisms encased by the hydrated polymeric matrix. They have ... By measuring the biofilm growing rates under different evenness levels of communities, an evenly distributed community favors ... Microbial biofilms are multicellular communities of sessile microorganisms encased by the hydrated polymeric matrix. They have ... Humphries J, Xiong L, Liu J, Prindle A, Yuan F, Arjes HA et al (2017) Species-independent attraction to biofilms through ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00248-018-1173-5

Once anchored to a surface, biofilm microorganisms carry out a ... ... Springer Series on Biofilms presents carefully refereed volumes on selected topics on this field of research. All volumes ... or the roles of biofilms in diseases. While based in microbiology, biofilms are of intense interest to many other scientists, ... Springer Series on Biofilms presents carefully refereed volumes on selected topics on this field of research. All volumes ...

https://www.springer.com/series/7142

"In part, the reason these infections are hard to treat is because P. aeruginosa enters a biofilm mode of growth in these ... Now, a group of researchers at Caltech and the University of Oxford have made progress in the fight against biofilms. Led by ... Our research suggests a new approach to inhibiting P. aeruginosa biofilms.". The group targeted pyocyanin, a small molecule ... Many infectious pathogens are difficult to treat because they develop into biofilms, layers of metabolically active but slowly ...

http://www.caltech.edu/node/53219

Community participation in biofilm matrix assembly and function Kaitlin F. Mitchell, Robert Zarnowski, Hiram Sanchez, Jessica A ... Differential RNA-seq of Vibrio cholerae identifies the VqmR small RNA as a regulator of biofilm formation Kai Papenfort, Konrad ...

https://www.pnas.org/keyword/biofilm?page=3

First, the appearance of organization in biofilms can emerge without active coordination. That is, biofilm properties such as ... The sociobiology of biofilms.. Nadell CD1, Xavier JB, Foster KR.. Author information. 1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary ... and spontaneous mutation can generate conflict even within biofilms initiated by genetically identical cells. Biofilms will ... Biofilms are densely packed communities of microbial cells that grow on surfaces and surround themselves with secreted polymers ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19067751

The study showed that C auris can form a biofilm that resists many antifungal agents. A biofilm also enables the fungus to use ... To better understand the fungus biofilm capabilities, the researchers compared the biofilm mass of four strains of C auris ... The C auris strains developed 1.5 to 3 times less biofilm mass than C albicans, but 3 to 6 times greater mass than C glabrata, ... The C auris biofilm is not as strong as those of some other clinically significant fungi, but has nonetheless contributed to C ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/874338

So, when faced with biofilm infections, what can doctors do?. The battle against biofilms. Biofilms are a serious threat to ... What are biofilms?. "Biofilms are one of the most widely distributed and successful modes of life on Earth," says Prof. Hans- ... Biofilms can be made up of populations of the same bacteria or of communities, which, in turn, are made up of many different ... Biofilms are tricky beasts because they have a tendency to become resistant to all manner of efforts employed to eradicate them ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319858.php

The biofilm assemblages were comprised of ubiquitous water and soil microbial groups, some known for biofilm formation. ... Showerhead biofilms and water are potential sources of aerosolized microorganisms. However, different microbes and biofilms ... Fluorescence and SEM images of showerhead biofilm. (A-C) Epifluorescence microscopy of biofilm samples stained with DAPI; scale ... Opportunistic pathogens enriched in showerhead biofilms. Leah M. Feazel, Laura K. Baumgartner, Kristen L. Peterson, Daniel N. ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/106/38/16393.full

The findings can give us clues about the physical rules guiding biofilm architecture, but also about the social dynamics that ... EPFL biophysicists have taken a systematic look into how bacterial biofilms are affected by fluid flow. ... How flow shapes bacterial biofilms EPFL biophysicists have taken a systematic look into how bacterial biofilms are affected by ... Bacteria form biofilms by attaching to each other on a wide variety of surfaces: the bottom of oceans, lakes or rivers, medical ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-06/epfd-hfs060619.php

Many infections contracted in hospital are linked to the formation of biofilms. How do these sticky layers of bacteria form on ... What is biofilm?. Indeed, bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus can attach themselves to medical device surfaces (. catheter. ... This can entail grave complications for the patient, which is why its so important to study bacterial biofilms and find a way ... Many infections contracted in hospital are linked to the formation of biofilms. How do these sticky layers of bacteria form on ...

https://uclouvain.be/en/sciencetoday/news/les-biofilms-bacteriens-au-microscope.html

... Melissa J. Karau,1 Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance,1 Suzannah M. Schmidt,1 Nho V ... We previously developed and validated a vortexing-sonication technique for detection of biofilm bacteria on the surface of ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2013/254940/abs/

Microphytobenthic biofilms in mudflats are characterised by a wide variety of microorganisms and the production of large ... Flemming H-C, Wingender J (2010) The biofilm matrix. Nat Rev Microbiol 8:623-633PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRefGoogle Scholar ... Sutherland I (2001) Biofilm exopolysaccharides: a strong and sticky framework. Microbiology 147:3-9PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral ... Branda SS, Vik S, Friedman L, Kolter R (2005) Biofilms: the matrix revisited. Trends Microbiol 13:20-26PubMedCrossRef ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-99194-8_4

Scientists develop a slippery surface for medical implants that prevents formation of infectious bacterial biofilm while ... SLIPS resisted biofilms and preserved immune response. In the new study, the team started with lab tests to find the teflon ... In medicine, biofilms are a hazard because they can form on living surfaces, such as heart and lung tissue, and on medical ... The study of biofilms has increased rapidly in recent years as we have become more aware of their pervasiveness and impact. The ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/313852

Biofilms are hardier than we imagined, playing an underappreciated role in nosocomial transmission. ... The Role of Biofilm in Nosocomial Transmission. Biofilms are sessile microbial communities growing on surfaces, frequently ... How Hidden Biofilms Escape Disinfection. Alfa and colleagues[2] looked at the impact of improper positioning of the elevator ... Biofilm formation and bacterial viability during the survival analysis were assessed. The culturability of the A pittii strains ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/894034

biofilms," Journal of Bacteriology, vol. 182, no. 22, pp. 6482-6489, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at ... "Gene transfer occurs with enhanced efficiency in biofilms and induces enhanced stabilisation of the biofilm structure," Current ... M. Otto, "Staphylococcal biofilms," Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol. 322, pp. 207-228, 2008. View at Google ... A. S. Prince, "Biofilms, antimicrobial resistance, and airway infection," New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 347, no. 14, pp ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2012/853123/ref/

... dynamics of a matrix protein ofVibrio choleraebiofilms and examined how this protein modulates the architecture of the biofilm. ... Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, can switch between single cell and biofilm lifestyles. Biofilm formation has ... To test whether the structural binary switch regulated biofilm formation, the authors analysed biofilm development and ... Living in the matrix: assembly and control of Vibrio cholerae biofilms. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 13, 255-268 (2015) ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro.2017.127?error=cookies_not_supported&code=eb923d2b-0d1d-402b-bf0c-01d8f8e958a7

As biofilms influence both potable water quality as well as stability, it is important to generate a deeper insight on factors ... Predicting and Managing Biofilms. Materials in contact with potable water variably influence the existing microbiome due to ... Therefore, biofilms on the inner surface of several toys, used under either real or controlled conditions, have been ... The goal of this SNF-funded project is to properly characterize biofilms on materials in contact with potable water and to ...

https://www.eawag.ch/en/department/umik/projects/predicting-and-managing-biofilms/

... March 2014. Various bacteria, including foodborne pathogens, can form biofilms on stainless ... Results of this study indicate that treatment of L. monocytogenes, S. Typhimurium, and STEC biofilms with lactic acid and ... Biofilms on treated and untreated coupons were subsequently enriched by immersing coupons in BHI or TSB, and in aqueous ... Populations of 8.6 to 9.2 log CFU of pathogen/coupon were recovered from biofilms after incubating in BHI and TSB for 72 h. ...

http://www.caes.uga.edu/research/centers-institutes/center-for-food-safety/research/research-project-highlights/control-of-pathogens-in-biofilms.html

... Dev via biofilms%40net.bio.net (by microbesinaction At gmail.com). Fri Dec 1 01:33:15 ... It is also well known that hydrophobicity has a role in cell attachment to the surface and biofilm formation. As the biofilm ... www.bio.net/biomail/listinfo/biofilms , , brooksjd.vcf , 1KDownload * Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ ... Regards , John , , Alfred Ogola Okello wrote: , , Dear Sir, , , , Ref:http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/biofilms/1998-September/ ...

http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/biofilms/2006-December/000749.html

The Mechanics of Biofilms- Sacrifice of the Few for the Benefit of the Many. April 12, 2016 ... New Anti-Biofilm Compounds Show Promise Against Drug-Resistant Bacteria Linked to Hospital Infections. February 17, 2016 ... Researchers in China report that air plasma can be used to kill biofilms found on the surfaces of perishable fruits and foods ... New research has shown that a bacteriophage is critical to the formation of biofilms by Pseudomonas ...

http://www.labmanager.com/tag/biofilms

... especially when they are allowed to form biofilms. "Biofilms are nasty once they form, and incredibly difficult to get rid of ... In particular, theyre devising new ways to keep harmful bacteria from forming sticky matrices called biofilms - and to do it ... In the lab, they demonstrated an 85 percent reduction in P. aeruginosa biofilm adhesion. They conducted extensive studies ... have created a new material that inhibits biofilm formation of the virulent superbug Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Their material, ...

http://www.engr.colostate.edu/sbme/2017/11/03/bacterial-biofilms-begone/

... the widely accepted hypothesis that the majority of bacteria in virtually all ecosystems grow in matrix-enclosed biofilms. The ... The Biofilm Primer. Authors. * J. William Costerton Series Title. Springer Series on Biofilms. Series Volume. 1. Copyright. ... In 2004, Bill was recruited by the University of Southern California to build a center for biofilms in the dental and medical ... J. William (Bill) Costerton directed the NSF-funded Center for Biofilm Engineering in Montana for more than a decade. ...

http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783540680215

... The development of sustainable and green technologies for the treatment and recovery of resources from wastes is ...

https://www.omicsonline.org/blog/2015/09/07/20152-Biofilms.html

If yours does this, please be sure to readdress your message to biofilms at net.bio.net or biofilms at daresbury.ac.uk if you ... How to look at archives of the list: ------------------------------------ Archives for BIOFILMS/bionet.microbiology.biofilms ... biofilms at daresbury.ac.uk Europe, Africa, and Central Asia biofilms at net.bio.net Americas and the Pacific Rim and your ... BIOFILMS: SUBSCRIPTION AND POSTING INSTRUCTIONS (REPOST). Claus Sternberg cs at im.dtu.dk Wed Mar 5 11:12:16 EST 1997 *Previous ...

http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/biofilms/1997-March/000088.html

Applied Science »Biofilms »Biologically »Epstein »Escherichia coli »Ferchau Engineering »Gates Foundation »SEAS »SLIPS » ... Further reports about: , Applied Science , Biofilms , Biologically , Epstein , Escherichia coli , Ferchau Engineering , Gates ... As a result, biofilms cannot cling to the material, and even if they do form, they easily slip off under mild flow conditions ... "Biofilms have been amazing at outsmarting us. And even when we can attack them, we often make the situation worse with toxins ...

http://www.innovations-report.com/html/report/materials-science/coating-evicts-biofilms-good-199876.html

Microbial biofilms are multicellular communities of sessile microorganisms encased by the hydrated polymeric matrix. (springer.com)
Once anchored to a surface, biofilm microorganisms carry out a variety of detrimental (like the plaque on teeth) or beneficial (bioremediating hazardous waste sites) reactions. (springer.com)
Biofilms form on interior showerhead surfaces and potentially expose the user to a cohort of unknown, aerosolized microorganisms. (pnas.org)
They grow wide and thick, forming a new, social dynamic among their member microorganisms, while also defending them: biofilms can be notoriously inaccessible to antibiotics, which is why they have drawn a lot of medical research. (eurekalert.org)
Microphytobenthic biofilms in mudflats are characterised by a wide variety of microorganisms and the production of large quantities of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). (springer.com)
Throughout our discussion, we provide detailed lists and summaries of some of the most prominent and extensively researched dispersal agents that have shown promise against the biofilms of clinically relevant pathogens, and we catalog which specific microorganisms they have been shown to be effective against. (mdpi.com)
Donlan, R. M. & Costerton, J. W. Biofilms: survival mechanisms of clinically relevant microorganisms. (nature.com)
The findings will contribute towards a better understanding of the growth of microorganisms in space, which is also key to bioregenerative life support systems, the formation of biofilms and microbial ore extraction. (lifeboat.com)
A biofilm is a structured community of microorganisms on a surface, encapsulated in a self-formed matrix made of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). (lifeboat.com)
This EPS matrix holds the microorganisms together in their three-dimensional arrangement and enables the biofilm to adhere to surfaces. (lifeboat.com)
The properties of microorganisms living within a biofilm generally differ substantially from those of microorganisms of the same species existing independently. (lifeboat.com)
This means that microorganisms in biofilms are highly resistant to various chemical and physical effects and can be used for a range of applications in space. (lifeboat.com)
Biofilm microorganisms have been associated with several human diseases, including valve endocarditis - an infection that settles in the heart - and cystic fibrosis - the biofilm protects the bacteria that can cause this disease. (cleanlink.com)
Biofilms are dense aggregates of surface-adherent microorganisms embedded in an exopolysaccharide matrix. (jci.org)
A biofilm community can be formed by a single bacterial species, but in nature biofilms almost always consist of rich mixtures of many species of bacteria, as well as fungi, algae, yeasts, protozoa, other microorganisms, debris and corrosion products. (montana.edu)
The formulation uses multiple chemical and physical actions to penetrate a biofilm, kill the microorganisms, and remove the biofilm from surfaces. (thepoultrysite.com)
A biofilm is an aggregate of microorganisms in which cells adhere to each other on a surface. (medicalxpress.com)
Biofilms are a consortium of microorganisms and extracellular substances in association with a solid surface in contact with liquid. (kenyon.edu)
One of the biggest obstacles to keeping animal production facilities clean sounds a lot more complicated than it really is: biofilm, a surface-coating layer of polymeric extracellular secretions and microorganisms that accumulate on a matrix over time. (neogen.com)
Surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation and development provide numerous advantages to microorganisms. (genome.jp)
One of the causes of the lower sensitivity of synovial fluid culture might be the presence of the so called 'biofilm like aggregates', agglomerates of microorganisms embedded in a matrix which has been hypothesized to act as a protective barrier. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Although several methods have been proposed to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of biofilm microorganisms, none of them has been proposed for routinely use. (clinicaltrials.gov)

The past year has seen important advances in our understanding of how cells initiate biofilm formation. (nih.gov)
By measuring the biofilm growing rates under different evenness levels of communities, an evenly distributed community favors the formation of biofilms was observed. (springer.com)
Iwase T, Uehara Y, Shinji H, Tajima A, Seo H, Takada K et al (2010) Staphylococcus epidermidis Esp inhibits Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation and nasal colonization. (springer.com)
That is, biofilm properties such as phenotypic differentiation, species stratification and channel formation do not necessarily require that cells communicate with one another using specialized signaling molecules. (nih.gov)
Biofilms will typically result from a balance between competition and cooperation, and we argue that understanding this balance is central to building a complete and predictive model of biofilm formation. (nih.gov)
This spells bad news for anyone with conditions such as cystic fibrosis , periodontitis , or chronic wounds as medical implants and catheters are hotspots for biofilm formation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The genetic and molecular basis of biofilm formation in staphylococci is multifaceted. (nih.gov)
Proteins have been identified that are also involved in biofilm formation, such as the accumulation-associated protein (AAP), the clumping factor A (ClfA), the staphylococcal surface protein (SSP1) and the biofilm-associated protein (Bap). (nih.gov)
Concepts for the prevention of obstinate polymer-associated infections include the search for new anti-infectives active in biofilms and new biocompatible materials that complicate biofilm formation and the development of vaccines. (nih.gov)
Rossy imaged the formation of biofilms at the level of single bacteria to monitor the effects of each flow rate on the bacterial colonies. (eurekalert.org)
Many infections contracted in hospital are linked to the formation of biofilms. (uclouvain.be)
This can entail grave complications for the patient, which is why it's so important to study bacterial biofilms and find a way to prevent their formation. (uclouvain.be)
An estimated 80% of nosocomial diseases are linked to biofilm formation. (uclouvain.be)
Prof. Dufrêne's team wanted to understand the first step of biofilm formation: How do bacteria stick to each other? (uclouvain.be)
Eventually,' Prof. Dufrêne says, 'maybe we'll be able to establish preventive treatments that block biofilm formation and/or complement the antibiotic arsenal in case of bacterial infection. (uclouvain.be)
In all, at least a dozen proteins are responsible for staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. (uclouvain.be)
Suboptimal environmental cleaning and reprocessing of instruments is a common problem in healthcare facilities, allowing for biofilm formation and risk for nosocomial transmission. (medscape.com)
Biofilm formation and bacterial viability during the survival analysis were assessed. (medscape.com)
Alfa and colleagues [ 2 ] looked at the impact of improper positioning of the elevator lever of a duodenoscope on bacterial persistence, biofilm formation, and endoscope contamination. (medscape.com)
Biofilm formation has been proposed to enhance the growth and survival of the pathogen in aquatic environments and to enhance transmission between human hosts during the intestinal phase of its life cycle. (nature.com)
To test whether the structural binary switch regulated biofilm formation, the authors analysed biofilm development and architecture for each of the mutants. (nature.com)
Mutants that locked RbmA in the closed O-loop dimer state were substantially defective in biofilm formation, whereas mutants that were locked in the monomeric D-loop state were able to form biofilms that closely resembled wild-type biofilms, which suggests that the switch regulates biofilm development. (nature.com)
Particularly, polymeric materials can release carbon compounds that add a considerable nutrient supply and therefore promote biofilm formation and growth . (eawag.ch)
As biofilms influence both potable water quality as well as stability, it is important to generate a deeper insight on factors impacting their formation and growth. (eawag.ch)
It is also well known that hydrophobicity has a role in cell attachment to the surface and biofilm formation. (bio.net)
Researchers in the laboratory of Melissa Reynolds, associate professor in the Department of Chemistry and core faculty in the School of Biomedical Engineering, have created a new material that inhibits biofilm formation of the virulent superbug Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (colostate.edu)
Aizenberg and her collaborators reported that SLIPS reduced by 96% the formation of three of the most notorious, disease-causing biofilms-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus-over a 7-day period. (innovations-report.com)
To date, this may be the first successful test of a nontoxic synthetic surface that can almost completely prevent the formation of biofilms over an extended period of time. (innovations-report.com)
The 7th ASM Conference on Biofilms will provide a platform to discuss the latest research, covering topics that include molecular basis and regulation of biofilm formation, biofilms in natural and industrial systems, diagnosis and study of clinically-relevant biofilms, and emerging technologies and their application to biofilms. (asm.org)
For years, researchers have focused on developing antimicrobial treatments to stop the formation of biofilms, but as the statistics indicate, they have yet to find an affordable, effective solution. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
Moreover, this book also provides a comprehensive account on microbial interactions in biofilms, pyocyanin, and extracellular DNA in facilitating Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, atomic force microscopic studies of biofilms, and biofilms in beverage industry. (intechopen.com)
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been used to control the formation and to eradicate mature biofilms. (mdpi.com)
5) downregulation of genes responsible for biofilm formation and transportation of binding proteins. (mdpi.com)
By disrupting the communication process, he explained, the new compound could lead to drugs that will prevent the formation of biofilms, restoring the potency of antibiotic treatments and limiting the development of antibiotic resistance. (scienceblog.com)
Biodegradation of crude oil was estimated by gas chromatography, and biofilm formation near oil-water interface was quantified by confocal laser scanning microscopy. (mendeley.com)
By severely curtailing the effects of antibiotics, the formation of organized communities of bacterial cells known as biofilms can be deadly during surgeries and in urinary tract infections. (phys.org)
TAGE derivatives inhibited the formation of biofilms, however, some of this activity is attributed to microbicidal activity. (rti.org)
Under some conditions, disruption of agr expression had no discernible influence on biofilm formation, while under others it either inhibited or enhanced biofilm formation. (asm.org)
Under those conditions where agr expression enhanced biofilm formation, biofilms of an agr signaling mutant were particularly sensitive to rifampin but not to oxacillin. (asm.org)
Two stages of staphylococcal biofilm formation have been described (reviewed in reference 18 ). (asm.org)
This stage of biofilm formation is likely to be mediated in part by cell wall-associated adhesins, including the microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules. (asm.org)
The second stage of biofilm development includes cell multiplication and formation of a mature structure consisting of many cell layers. (asm.org)
have found that d -amino acids found in conditioned medium from mature biofilms of Bacillus subtilis prevent biofilm formation and trigger existing biofilm disassembly. (sciencemag.org)
Therefore, we assessed the dynamics of red and green fluorescence in real-time during biofilm formation. (uva.nl)
Biofilm formation was analysed for 12 hours under flow conditions in a microfluidic BioFlux flow system with high performance microscopy using a camera to allow live cell imaging. (uva.nl)
The attachment of planktonic cells to surfaces is the first and most crucial step in biofilm formation. (asm.org)
Sites for biofilm formation include all kinds of surfaces: natural materials above and below ground, metals, plastics, medical implant materials-even plant and body tissue. (montana.edu)
The Effects of Sugars on the Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli 185p on Stainless Steel and Polyethylene Terephthalate Surfaces in a Laboratory Model. (pearltrees.com)
Genotypic Characterization and Biofilm Formation of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli. (pearltrees.com)
Journal of Food Protection®, Volume 75, Number 8, August 2012 , Biofilm Formation by Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Non-O157 Strains and Their Tolerance to Sanitizers Commonly Used in the Food Processing Environment. (pearltrees.com)
2015 Nov;3(11): 3300-3307 Differential biofilm formation and chemical disinfection resistance of Escherichia coli on stainless steel and polystyrene tissue culture plate. (pearltrees.com)
FOOD AND NUTRITION SCIENCES - 2015 - Role of Cell Surface Structures in Biofilm Formation by Escherichia coli. (pearltrees.com)
January 2005 Biofilm Formation by Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Stainless Steel: Effect of Exopolysaccharide and Curli Production on Its Resistance to Chlorine. (pearltrees.com)
This form of graphene is extremely resistant to biofilm formation, which has promise for places like water-treatment plants, oil-drilling operations, hospitals and ocean applications like underwater pipes that are sensitive to fouling," Tour said in a statement. (theengineer.co.uk)
Arnusch's lab tested LIG electrodes in a bacteria-laden solution with 10 per cent secondary treated wastewater and found that after nine hours at 2.5 volts, 99.9 per cent of the bacteria were killed and the electrodes strongly resisted biofilm formation. (theengineer.co.uk)
The most effective monitoring of biofilm formation, succession and desquamation is with on-line monitoring of microbial biofilms with flowcell for direct observation. (unt.edu)
The results of this study indicate a need to reconsider the effects of FeNPs on bacterial growth and biofilm formation and the effect the bacterial cells may have on the use and recovery of SPIONs. (scirp.org)
C. Haney, J. Rowe and J. Robinson, "Spions Increase Biofilm Formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ," Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology , Vol. 3 No. 4A, 2012, pp. 508-518. (scirp.org)
2005. Iron salts perturb biofilm formation and disrupt existing biofilms of Pseudomonas aeru-ginosa. (scirp.org)
2008. Influence of quorum sensing and iron on twitching motility and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (scirp.org)
2009. Iron-binding compounds impair Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, especially under anaerobic conditions. (scirp.org)
An Institut Pasteur-CNRS research team has characterized a Staphylococcus aureus gene involved in virulence, biofilm formation and resistance to certain antibiotics. (medicalxpress.com)
After 12 weeks, biofilm-positive, but not biofilm-negative, human colon mucosal homogenates induced colon tumor formation in 3 mouse colon tumor models (germ-free ApcMinΔ850/+;Il10-/- or ApcMinΔ850/+ and specific pathogen-free ApcMinΔ716/+ mice). (jci.org)
By 1 week, biofilm-positive human tumor homogenates, but not healthy biopsies, displayed consistent bacterial mucus invasion and biofilm formation in mouse colons. (jci.org)
They explore the molecular mechanisms of bacterial adherence, biofilm formation, regulation of biofilm maintenance, and cell-to-cell communication and present the latest information on various treatment protocols that should aid physicians in the treatment of these refractory and often difficult-to-treat infections. (waterstones.com)
Physical properties of the environment are essential for microorganism attachment to the substratum, biofilm formation ,and microbial processes. (kenyon.edu)
Biofilm formation can occur on any submerged surfaces in any environment with the present of bacteria. (kenyon.edu)
Biofilm Formation: A Clinically Relevant Microbiological Process. (ebscohost.com)
Presents an overview of the process of biofilm formation and its implication for the health care practitioner. (ebscohost.com)
Dynamics of biofilm formation on microscopic slides submerged in an anammox bioreactor. (ebscohost.com)
The article focuses on the formation of biofilm in anammox bioreactor using microscopic slides. (ebscohost.com)
Prevention should focus on the removal of existing oral biofilms and inhibition of new biofilm formation. (ebscohost.com)
Discusses the formation of biofilms and the dental and medical problems they cause. (ebscohost.com)
Platelets Enhance Biofilm Formation and Resistance of Endocarditis-Inducing Streptococci on the Injured Heart Valve. (ebscohost.com)
Infective endocarditis is a typical biofilm-associated infectious disease frequently caused by commensal streptococci, but the contribution of host factors in biofilm formation is unclear. (ebscohost.com)
We found that platelets are essential for in vitro biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans or. (ebscohost.com)
Formation of these sessile communities and their inherent resistance to antibiotics and host immune attack are at the root of many persistent and chronic bacterial infections ( 1 ), including those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa , which has been intensively studied as a model for biofilm formation ( 2 , 3 ). (sciencemag.org)
Using a tube ring assay ( 2 ), we found that addition of DNase I to the culture medium strongly inhibited biofilm formation (Web fig. 1A) ( 7 ), although not bacterial growth per se. (sciencemag.org)
We then investigated the effect of DNase I on biofilm formation in more detail using a flow-chamber system ( 8 ). (sciencemag.org)
Four flow-chamber channels were inoculated with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged P. aeruginosa PAO1, and two channels each were irrigated with minimal medium with or without DNase I. The presence of DNase I in the medium prevented biofilm formation. (sciencemag.org)
The source of this DNA is unclear, but it is presumably derived from membrane vesicles rather than cell lysis as we saw no evidence of the latter during biofilm formation. (sciencemag.org)
Researchers at National Jewish Health have determined that actin originating from necrotized human neutrophils serve as a biological matrix in the formation of microbial biofilms in the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. (nationaljewish.org)
Since biofilm formation allows for the survival of microbial organisms in the airways and is also associated with increased morbidity and mortality, targeting actin could be the basis for the development of a potential therapy for CF. (nationaljewish.org)
Targeted therapy for preventing or reducing biofilm formation in cystic fibrosis, cystitis, dental caries, wounds, and acne etc. (nationaljewish.org)
Researchers at MIT have identified new polymers found in mucus, known as mucins, that can provide protection against biofilm formation, the slimy layers of bacterial growth that are very difficult to remove, by trapping the bacteria and preventing them from clumping together on a surface. (medindia.net)
Mucin coatings may help prevent biofilm formation on medical devices and could also find applications in personal hygiene: Incorporating them into products such as toothpaste or mouthwash may supplement the body's own defenses, especially in people whose natural mucus has been depleted, Ribbeck says. (medindia.net)
The bacteria formed biofilms on the unexposed polymer surface, whereas the ion-treated polymer film inhibited biofilm formation. (natureasia.com)
In-vitro experiments such as the crystal violet microtitre plate assay and a CDC biofilm reactor were used to quantify biofilm formation. (bl.uk)
Genotypic and phenotypic methods including the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion assay and PCR-gel electrophoresis, were used to investigate the correlation between antibiotic resistance and bacterial biofilm formation. (bl.uk)
The latter stages of the study investigated the effect that mixing bacterial populations had on in-vitro biofilm formation and the role of silver as a possible treatment option for biofilm infected wounds. (bl.uk)
On the other hand, biofilm formation is an energetically costly process and therefore must be tightly regulated and plastic, enabling biofilm bacteria to be responsive to the various environmental cues. (genome.jp)
The quorum sensing (QS) pathway of Vibrio cholerae activates the expression of VpsR, VpsT and AphA (the main activators of biofilm formation) at low cell density and HapR (the main repressor) at high cell density. (genome.jp)
The second messenger cAMP acts as a repressor of biofilm formation. (genome.jp)
High cellular levels of c-di-GMP promote enhanced transcription of genes involved in biofilm formation, possibly by promoting VpsT-mediated transcriptional activation of vps genes. (genome.jp)
During biofilm formation, individual bacteria pump out proteins that self-assemble outside the cell - a process that the Wyss Institute team has genetically engineered to harness it for therapeutic and biologic industrial applications. (harvard.edu)
Chronic and fatal infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are sometimes associated with biofilm formation. (asm.org)
We find that the growth-induced stresses may drive the occurrence of both surface wrinkling and interface delamination in the biofilm, leading to the formation of a labyrinthine network on its surface. (rsc.org)

Jennings LK, Storek KM, Ledvina HE, Coulon C, Marmont LS, Sadovskaya I et al (2015) Pel is a cationic exopolysaccharide that cross-links extracellular DNA in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm matrix. (springer.com)
Led by Dianne Newman , the Gordon M. Binder/Amgen Professor of Biology and Geobiology, the group identified a protein that degrades and inhibits biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa , the primary pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) infections. (caltech.edu)
Biofilm supported batches of the isolated Pseudomonas species were able to degrade crude oil much readily and extensively than the planktonic counterparts. (mendeley.com)
We have recently reported the synthesis of a small molecule, denoted TAGE, based on the natural product bromoageliferin and demonstrated that TAGE has anti-biofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (rti.org)
In this study we looked at the effect of three different sets of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (FeNPs) on the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms. (scirp.org)
Quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. (scirp.org)
2007. Effects of iron on DNA release and biofilm development by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (scirp.org)
2005. Iron availability influences aggregation, biofilm, adhesion and invasion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia. (scirp.org)
More recent studies by Nels Hoiby of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark show that biofilms containing the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa clog the lungs of 80% to 90% of these patients. (sciencemag.org)
Enhanced Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm Development Mediated by Human Neutrophils. (nationaljewish.org)
Neutrophil Enhancement of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm Development: Human F-actin and DNA as Targets for Therapy. (nationaljewish.org)
Disruption of Contact Lens-Associated Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilms Formed in the Presence of Neutrophils. (nationaljewish.org)

While based in microbiology, biofilms are of intense interest to many other scientists, because they affect whole ecosystems, and lie at the root of chronic bacterial infections. (springer.com)
While there is precedent for the use of enzymes to treat bacterial infections, the novelty of this study lies in our observation that selectively degrading a small pigment that supports the biofilm lifestyle can inhibit biofilm expansion," says Costa, the first author on the study. (caltech.edu)
While it will take several years of experimentation to determine whether the laboratory findings can be translated to a clinical context, the work has promise for the utilization of proteins like PodA to treat antibiotic-resistant biofilm infections, the researchers say. (caltech.edu)
The C auris biofilm is not as strong as those of some other clinically significant fungi, but has nonetheless contributed to C auris ' ability to survive in hospital environments and cause outbreaks and infections. (medscape.com)
So, when faced with biofilm infections, what can doctors do? (medicalnewstoday.com)
Whether in oceans, lung infections skin, gut microbiota - the physics of fluids are ubiquitous to biofilms," says Rossy. (eurekalert.org)
Then they multiply and form what are called biofilms, multicellular communities that can cause nosocomial infections that are especially difficult to treat because biofilms make their bacteria even more resistant to antibiotics. (uclouvain.be)
The equipment damage, product contamination, energy losses, and medical infections caused by biofilms cost the United States billions of dollars every year. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Three recent articles [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] highlight how our understanding of bacterial persistence and recent advances in disinfection modalities may provide a means for control of biofilms and nosocomial infections. (medscape.com)
Biofilm-associated infections pose a complex problem to the medical community, in that residence within the protection of a biofilm affords pathogens greatly increased tolerances to antibiotics and antimicrobials, as well as protection from the host immune response. (mdpi.com)
Since as much as 80% of human bacterial infections are biofilm-associated, many researchers have begun investigating therapies that specifically target the biofilm architecture, thereby dispersing the microbial cells into their more vulnerable, planktonic mode of life. (mdpi.com)
Figuring out a way to prevent the bacteria from forming biofilms could make infections easier to treat. (newscientist.com)
Biofilms, which are resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants, corrode pipes and cause diseases such as lung infections, but they can be used beneficially to treat sewage, industrial waste, and contaminated soil. (thefreedictionary.com)
Bacterial biofilm infections are particularly problematic because sessile bacteria can withstand host immune responses and are drastically more resistant to antibiotics, biocides and hydrodynamic shear forces than their planktonic counterparts. (frontiersin.org)
Treatment of biofilm-associated infections is a field that requires further study, in part due to the high levels of antibiotic resistance exhibited by biofilm structures conferred in part by the exopolysaccharide matrix. (frontiersin.org)
Several serious diseases are caused by biofilm-associated Staphylococcus aureus , infections in which the accessory gene regulator ( agr ) quorum-sensing system is thought to play an important role. (asm.org)
Many of these diseases, including endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and foreign-body related infections, appear to be caused by biofilm-associated S. aureus ( 12 , 18 , 30 , and 44 ). (asm.org)
These properties likely contribute to the persistence and recalcitrance to treatment of staphylococcal biofilm infections. (asm.org)
The agr system contributes to virulence in model biofilm-associated infections, including endocarditis ( 7 , 50 ) and osteomyelitis ( 3 , 15 ), although the precise role of the agr system varies with the type of infection model used ( 16 , 17 , 54 ). (asm.org)
This has arisen, in part, because of the estimate by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that 65% of human bacterial infections involve biofilms. (jci.org)
Enterococcus faecalis is a common cause of health care-associated infections in humans, largely due to its ability to persist in the hospital environment, colonize patients, acquire antimicrobial resistance, and form biofilms. (asm.org)
Biofilms cost the U.S. literally billions of dollars every year in energy losses, equipment damage, product contamination and medical infections. (montana.edu)
Respiratory and related structures provide ideal environments for the development of bacterial biofilms, which predispose patients to recurrent and chronic infections. (scribd.com)
Biofilms are important for the persistence of chronic rhinosinusitis, pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis, chronic otitis media, and device-related infections. (scribd.com)
Understanding the nature of biofilms in common pediatric infections is essential to comprehending the expected course of bacterial illness and identifying treatments that are most likely to be beneficial against more resistant biofilms. (scribd.com)
Indeed, infectious disease experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that 65% of human bacterial infections involve biofilms. (sciencemag.org)
Such biofilms often lead to infections of the bladder or other organs. (sciencemag.org)
Since then, biofilms have been implicated in numerous infections. (sciencemag.org)
60% of microbial infections, and 80% of chronic infections in humans, finding ways to disrupt established biofilms is of critical importance. (news-medical.net)
Biofilms, Infection, and Antimicrobial Therapy provides an in-depth exploration of biofilms, offering broad background information, as well a detailed look at the serious concerns to which biofilm-associated infections give rise. (waterstones.com)
Prosthetic device infections, such as those involving artificial heart valves, intravascular catheters, or prosthetic joints, are prime examples of biofilm-associated infections. (waterstones.com)
As biofilm-associated infections are particularly difficult to treat, they result in significant mortality, morbidity, and increased economic burden. (waterstones.com)
In a clinical rabbit model of contact lens-related P. aeruginosa infection, our scientists have shown that the use of polyaspartic acid disrupt pathogenic biofilms formed on contact lenses and reduce corneal infections. (nationaljewish.org)
Using the state grant to identify the most effective charged poly(amino acids) at disrupting biofilms and testing such compounds on infected contact lenses, and in animal models of eye and skin infections. (nationaljewish.org)
Prosthetic joint infections and more widely osteo-articular infections represent the classic biofilm related infections. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Outside of the laboratory, most microbes grow as organised biofilm communities on surfaces. (nih.gov)
Biofilms are densely packed communities of microbial cells that grow on surfaces and surround themselves with secreted polymers. (nih.gov)
The C auris strains developed 1.5 to 3 times less biofilm mass than C albicans , but 3 to 6 times greater mass than C glabrata , suggesting C auris biofilm has enough strength to adhere to hospital surfaces and instruments. (medscape.com)
Found all over the planet - from desert rocks to the surfaces of buildings - biofilms are an integral part of nature. (medicalnewstoday.com)
As described in Methods and Materials , biofilms were obtained by swab of interior surfaces of 45 showerheads from nine cities in the United States. (pnas.org)
the cells are biofilm and haemagglutination negative, less virulent and less adhesive on hydrophilic surfaces. (nih.gov)
Bacteria form biofilms by attaching to each other on a wide variety of surfaces: the bottom of oceans, lakes or rivers, medical equipment and even internal organs, like the intestine, lungs, and teeth - the latter is the familiar dental plaque, a large source of income for dentists. (eurekalert.org)
She chose two different clones of the bacterium Caulobacter crescentus , which is commonly found in freshwater lakes and streams, and undergoes a "stalked" cell stage that allows it to anchor on surfaces, colonize them, and form biofilms. (eurekalert.org)
Biofilms form when bacteria stick to surfaces and establish communities held together by a slimy, glue-like substance made of sugary molecular strands that they excrete to form an extracellular matrix. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Biofilms grow on all kinds of surfaces, both natural and man-made. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In medicine, biofilms are a hazard because they can form on living surfaces, such as heart and lung tissue, and on medical devices and implants. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Biofilms are sessile microbial communities growing on surfaces, frequently embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (also known as slime). (medscape.com)
These findings are consistent with a tendency of other Acinetobacter species to survive on dry surfaces, form biofilms, and contribute to nosocomial outbreaks. (medscape.com)
Various bacteria, including foodborne pathogens, can form biofilms on stainless steel surfaces, potentially leading to contamination of foods. (uga.edu)
Researchers in China report that air plasma can be used to kill biofilms found on the surfaces of perishable fruits and foods. (labmanager.com)
People have tried all sorts of things to deter biofilm build-up-textured surfaces, chemical coatings, and antibiotics, for example," says Aizenberg, Amy Smith Berylson Professor of Materials Science at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) and a Core Faculty Member at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard. (innovations-report.com)
Given the chance, the bacteria will spread across surfaces such as human tissue to form a biofilm that may resist treatment with antibiotics. (newscientist.com)
Microbes are known to colonize surfaces and form biofilms. (mdpi.com)
Naturally occurring or synthetic antimicrobial peptides have been shown to prevent microbial colonization of surfaces, to kill bacteria in biofilms and to disrupt the biofilm structure. (mdpi.com)
Biofilm forms when bacteria adhere to surfaces in moist environments by excreting a slimy, glue-like substance. (montana.edu)
Once Salmonella bacteria get into a food processing facility and have an opportunity to form a biofilm on surfaces, it is likely to be extraordinarily difficult, if not impossible, to kill it, according to research published ahead of print in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology. (innovations-report.com)
Researchers from National University of Ireland, Galway conducted a study in which they attempted to kill Salmonella biofilms on a variety of hard surfaces, using three types of disinfectant. (innovations-report.com)
This image shows photos of biofilms on surfaces at low magnification (300) and high magnification (3000) using electron microscope. (innovations-report.com)
We found that all of the types of Salmonella we looked at were able to adopt the specialized biofilm lifestyle on all of the surfaces we looked at, including glass, stainless steel, glazed tile, and plastic, and that the biofilm of Salmonella gets more dense over time, and becomes more firmly attached to the surface," she says. (innovations-report.com)
Biofilms are protective layers of proteins and polysaccharides that surround bacteria and stick to equipment surfaces. (thepoultrysite.com)
Evidence supporting the idea that bacteria attach themselves to surfaces throughout the body began appearing about a decade later when Thomas Marrie of Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, using the then recently developed scanning electron microscope, detected a biofilm coating a heart pacemaker removed from a patient. (sciencemag.org)
Biofilms may form on living or non-living surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial and hospital settings. (medicalxpress.com)
On the other hand, biofilms forming on food-contact surfaces can lead to hygienic problems and economical losses due to food spoilage. (kenyon.edu)
Researchers have discovered that exposing polycarbonate polymer films to beams of iron ions can prevent biofilms of microbial cells forming on the film surfaces 1 . (natureasia.com)

Zinc-dependent mechanical properties of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-forming surface protein SasG', PNAS, 2015. (uclouvain.be)
They measured the bacterial and tissue responses to the implants after infecting the animals with Staphylococcus aureus , a common bacterium found in biofilms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Citing that the techniques currently used to identify anti-biofilm activities in phage-derived proteins have the "important shortcomings" of being laborious endpoint assays that suffer from poor reproducibility, in the recent issue of Frontiers in Microbiology a team of scientists lead by Diana Gutierrez report a proof of concept study using an xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis instrument to monitor the disruption of clinically important Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. (news-medical.net)

Many infectious pathogens are difficult to treat because they develop into biofilms, layers of metabolically active but slowly growing bacteria embedded in a protective layer of slime, which are inherently more resistant to antibiotics. (caltech.edu)
biofilms tolerate conventional antibiotics much better than other modes of bacterial growth. (caltech.edu)
The protective dome of a biofilm shields bacteria from antibiotics. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Interestingly, antibiotics can actually enter a biofilm in many instances, but the EPS actively shields its inhabitants from such compounds, promoting antibiotic resistance. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Such treatments include surgically removing the area that is infected with a biofilm or using high-velocity water sprays to physically disrupt the biofilm, often in combination with antibiotics. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Biofilms -- communities of bacteria in self-produced slime -- pose a major challenge in healthcare because of their extraordinary resistance to antibiotics. (eurekalert.org)
Interestingly, the Marshall Protocol does just that - although it uses pulsed, low-dose antibiotics - which have been shown to effectively destroy biofilms - and Benicar to get the job done with more vigor than a flossing addict could ever achieve. (bacteriality.com)
Biofilms result in microbial resistance so that the microbes are resistant to prescription antibiotics and antifungals. (rainbow.coop)
They're Tough: The bacteria within biofilm are as much as 1,000 times more resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants than bacteria found outside of biofilm. (cleanlink.com)
Bacteria sequestered in biofilms are shielded from attack by the host's immune system and are often much harder to kill with antibiotics than their free-floating or "planktonic" counterparts, says William Costerton, director of the Center for Biofilm Engineering at Montana State University in Bozeman. (sciencemag.org)
Microbes form a biofilm in response to many factors, which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics. (medicalxpress.com)
Biofilms are surface-attached communities of bacterial or fungal cells that are enmeshed in an extensive extracellular matrix which makes them more resistant to both antibiotics and the immune system. (news-medical.net)
Objectives: To investigate the development of mutational resistance to antibiotics in staphylococcal biofilms. (ebscohost.com)
Biofilm production allows bacteria to strictly adhere to inert and biotic substrates, evade host defenses and resist to antibiotics by building a physical barrier to penetration of antimicrobials and favoring dissemination of determinants of resistance. (clinicaltrials.gov)
In fact, it is well known that biofilm embedded bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics than their planktonic counterpart. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Humphries J, Xiong L, Liu J, Prindle A, Yuan F, Arjes HA et al (2017) Species-independent attraction to biofilms through electrical signaling. (springer.com)
Cite this: Chlorhexidine Effective Against Candida auris Biofilms - Medscape - Jan 12, 2017. (medscape.com)
Martyn Dade-Robertson, Alona Keren-Paz, Meng Zhang and Ilana Kolodkin-Gal (2017) Architects of nature: growing buildings with bacterial biofilms. (weizmann.ac.il)

The rotating cell biofilm reactor (RCBR) is a new type of biological process based on biofilm active sludge used in wastewaters treatment. (wikipedia.org)
Numerous challenges call for novel solutions and concepts of analytics, biofilm reactor design, product recovery, and scale-up strategies. (nih.gov)
In this review, we highlight recent advancements in spatiotemporal biofilm characterization and new biofilm reactor developments for the production of value-added fine chemicals as well as current challenges and future scenarios. (nih.gov)
MBBR (Moving bed biofilm reactor) is now the common name for biological treatment process invented by Professor Halvard Odegaard in Trondheim in the late eighties. (environmental-expert.com)
The Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) is one of the most advanced wastewater treatment technologies available in the world today as it combines the benefits of both the suspended and the attached growth process. (environmental-expert.com)
The TBR™ is an advanced MBBR™ biofilm technology is based on specially designed plastic biofilm carriers or biocarriers that are suspended and in continuous movement within a tank or reactor of specified volume. (environmental-expert.com)
The Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor or MBBR process is based on the aerobic biofilm principle and utilizes activated sludge and other biofilm systems. (environmental-expert.com)
Such limitation of bioavailability can be overcome by steady-state biofilm-based reactor. (mendeley.com)
23] investigated characteristics of nitrogen removal from old landfill leachate by sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR). (acronymfinder.com)

Biofilms are one of the most widely distributed and successful modes of life on Earth," says Prof. Hans-Curt Flemming - director of the Institute for Interface Biotechnology at the University of Duisburg-Essen in Germany - in a 2016 article published in Nature Reviews Microbiology . (medicalnewstoday.com)
The author, who proposed this biofilm hypothesis, uses direct evidence from microscopy and from molecular techniques, presenting cogent reasons for moving beyond conventional culture methods that dominated microbiology throughout the last century. (springer.com)
Bacteria grow predominantly in biofilms in all natural, engineered, and pathogenic ecosystems, and this book provides a solid basis for the understanding of bacterial processes in environmental, industrial, agricultural, dental and medical microbiology. (springer.com)
Bill is widely regarded as the "grandfather" of biofilm microbiology. (springer.com)
Please go to URL http://www.bio.net and click on the 'Access the BIOSCI/bionet Newsgroups' option and then click on the BIOFILMS/bionet.microbiology.biofilms hyperlink. (bio.net)
If you do not see bionet.microbiology.biofilms in your newsreader within another day or two, ask your news system administrator to act on our 'newgroup' message to enable the group at your site. (bio.net)
You might also try the command 'g bionet.microbiology.biofilms' in rn-like newsreaders. (bio.net)
The complexity of biofilm activity and behavior requires research contributions from many disciplines such as biochemistry, engineering, mathematics and microbiology. (montana.edu)
Biofilms require a coordinated attack by researchers with expertise in everything from microbiology and immunology to materials science and mathematical modeling, Mangan explains. (sciencemag.org)
Furthermore, it has contributed to the field of biofilm microbiology by quantifying the BFP of each of the cultured isolates and' it has enhanced the clinical understanding of biofilms within veterinary wounds. (bl.uk)

Biofilm residence also affords the bacteria with antibiotic-resistant genes the ability to easily share these among their neighbors using a process called horizontal gene transfer . (medicalnewstoday.com)
In particular, they're devising new ways to keep harmful bacteria from forming sticky matrices called biofilms - and to do it without antibiotic drugs. (colostate.edu)
Most bacteria can form complex, matrix-containing multicellular communities known as biofilms, which protect residents from environmental stresses such as antibiotic exposure. (sciencemag.org)
For instance, microbial biofilms are naturally tolerant of antibiotic doses up to 1,000 times greater than doses that kill planktonic bacteria. (montana.edu)
2010. Antibiotic resistance of bacterial biofilms. (scirp.org)
Antibiotic [therapy] kills some cells, but biofilms hunkered down survive the onslaught," says Peter Greenberg of the Cystic Fibrosis Research Center at the University of Iowa, Iowa City. (sciencemag.org)
Since available methods for determination of antibiotic susceptibility are based on planktonic cells, it may be hypothesized that they underestimate the real antimicrobial concentration able to inhibit growth of bacteria embedded in a biofilm as occur during infection. (clinicaltrials.gov)

Previous microbiological studies of showerhead biofilms have used culture methodology to detect and identify microbes, and have focused primarily on Legionella pneumophilia ( 7 , 8 , 9 ) and Mycobacterium avium ( 10 - 12 ). (pnas.org)
As illustrated in the micrographs in Fig. 1 , microbes generally were clumped and embedded in extracellular material, consistent with biofilm morphology. (pnas.org)
A key factor in the microbes' success on mudflats is that they live together in neighborhoods: the biofilms. (scientificamerican.com)
These biofilms are communities of microbes encased in a self-produced matrix that often contains polysaccharides, DNA and proteins. (mdpi.com)
Oral diseases, including caries and periodontitis, consist of biofilms* produced by microbes. (rainbow.coop)
The study of factors that allow manipulation of biofilm microbes in the biofilm growth state requires that reproducible biofilms by generated. (unt.edu)
And when pathogenic microbes form biofilms, they are. (medicalxpress.com)
Rather than existing in a planktonic or free-living form, evidence indicates that microbes show a preference for living in a sessile form within complex communities called biofilms. (waterstones.com)
Biofilms appear to afford microbes a survival advantage by optimizing nutrition, offering protection against hostile elements, and providing a network for cell-to-cell signaling and genetic exchange. (waterstones.com)
Unfortunately, one of the most troubling characteristics of microbes found in biofilms is a profound resistance to antimicrobial agents. (waterstones.com)
Clinically, researchers envision the biofilm producing microbes could be ingested in a probiotic pill. (harvard.edu)

Now, a group of researchers at Caltech and the University of Oxford have made progress in the fight against biofilms. (caltech.edu)
To better understand the fungus' biofilm capabilities, the researchers compared the biofilm mass of four strains of C auris with that of two other fungi, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata . (medscape.com)
Researchers have developed a new biomaterial that creates a "slippery surface" and stops infectious bacterial biofilms forming on implanted medical devices. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The researchers, including a team from the Wyss Institute at Harvard University in Boston, MA, report their findings in the journal Biofilms . (medicalnewstoday.com)
In future studies, the researchers aim to better understand the mechanisms involved in preventing biofilms. (innovations-report.com)
A team of researchers with members from the U.S., Germany and Sweden has discovered that the cellulose found in bacterial biofilms differs from the cellulose in plants. (phys.org)
The researchers assume that the added biofilm stimulates uniform crystal growth throughout the volume of the hybrid material. (tum.de)
We want researchers to know that we recognize the importance of biofilms and [want to] bring people together to work on the problem," says Dennis Mangan of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), who is spearheading the effort. (sciencemag.org)
The goal is to understand how and why biofilms form so that researchers can identify their Achilles' heel and devise better treatments, which are badly needed. (sciencemag.org)
The first inklings that biofilms could be a health problem came in the mid-1960s when dental researchers Johannes Van Houte and Ronald Gibbons of the Forsyth Dental Center in Boston, Massachusetts, recognized that bacteria living in the mouth synthesize gummy adhesives that accumulate on the teeth, gums, and tongue. (sciencemag.org)
Leading an international team of researchers in creating simulations of how fluids move, Mathijssen, a postdoctoral scholar in bioengineering at Stanford, found that individual bacteria and biofilms can generate currents strong enough to draw in distant nutrients. (stanford.edu)
In their work , published Dec. 11 in Physical Review Letters , the researchers were able to find predictable patterns of how fluids move based on the general shapes of biofilms, insights that could find applications in many fields. (stanford.edu)
Within organized biofilms, the researchers found two common patterns of movement: vortexes and asters. (stanford.edu)
The researchers were able to combine vortex and aster patterns within a single biofilm to determine how the bacteria would push, pull and whirl the fluids around them. (stanford.edu)
By targeting a noninfectious viral cage to biofilms, researchers developed a system for early detection and eventual destruction of these bacterial communities. (ebscohost.com)
To probe the anti-biofilm properties of iron ions, the researchers exposed polycarbonate films to iron-ion beams of two different energies. (natureasia.com)
The nanopores on the polycarbonate surface prevented the bacteria from forming biofilms by generating bacteria-repelling effects such as repulsive, electrostatic and acid-base forces, the researchers say. (natureasia.com)

J. William (Bill) Costerton directed the NSF-funded Center for Biofilm Engineering in Montana for more than a decade. (springer.com)

Our research suggests a new approach to inhibiting P. aeruginosa biofilms. (caltech.edu)
Adding PodA to growing cultures of P. aeruginosa , the team discovered, inhibits biofilm development. (caltech.edu)
In the lab, they demonstrated an 85 percent reduction in P. aeruginosa biofilm adhesion. (colostate.edu)
Herein we demonstrate that TAGE: (1) does not have selective toxicity against cells within the biofilm state, (2) will inhibit biofilm development under flow conditions, indicating that the CV staining protocol correlates with the ability to be active under biomimetic conditions, and (3) will disperse preformed P. aeruginosa biofilms. (rti.org)
Advanced derivatives of TAGE have generated compounds shown to be exceedingly effective as biofilm inhibitors against the g-proteobacteria in this study (P. aeruginosa strains PAO1, PA14, PDO300, and Acinetobacter baumannii). (rti.org)
For example, a quorum-sensing-defective mutant of P. aeruginosa is unable to form the highly differentiated biofilm structure associated with wild-type P. aeruginosa , at least under certain conditions ( 11 ). (asm.org)
IODOSORB has been shown to disrupt and substantially eradicate mature biofilms of P. aeruginosa ( in-vitro ). (smith-nephew.com)
During studies of alginate biosynthesis in P. aeruginosa , we discovered that the majority of the extracellular material that reacted in the carbazole colorimetric assay was not exopolysaccharide but DNA [as determined by its peak absorbance at 260 nm, by electrophoretic display, and by its deoxyribonuclease (DNase) but not ribonuclease sensitivity] and therefore hypothesized that this DNA may play a functional role in P. aeruginosa biofilms. (sciencemag.org)
To this end, we inoculated five flow-chamber channels and irrigated them with minimal medium without DNase I to allow the establishment of P. aeruginosa biofilms of varying age. (sciencemag.org)
These results indicate that extracellular DNA is required for the initial establishment of P. aeruginosa biofilms and perhaps biofilms formed by other bacteria that specifically release DNA. (sciencemag.org)
Our scientists have developed charged poly amino acids that promotes the depolymerization of actin and reduced biofilm development of P. aeruginosa in vitro. (nationaljewish.org)

Enclosed in a matrix primarily consisting of polysaccharides, pathogens in biofilms are often more resistant to environmental stresses such as heat and chemical sanitizers than are their planktonic counterparts. (uga.edu)
Biofilm is a multidisciplinary, gold open access journal focused on hypothesis- or discovery-driven studies on microbial cells that grow in multicellular communities (including surface-attached biofilms and suspended aggregates) and demonstrate different gene expression, growth rate, behavior and appearance to those that are in planktonic (free-living) state. (elsevier.com)
The study of bacteria residing in biofilms as an interactive community rather than free-living planktonic cells has recently gained a great deal of attention. (jci.org)
Bacteria can grow as free-floating, planktonic bacteria or complex communities called biofilms. (scribd.com)
Antimicrobial therapy that is proven effective against planktonic bacteria is often insufficiently effective against the defenses of biofilms. (scribd.com)
The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single-cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (medicalxpress.com)
Methods: Mutation frequencies to resistance against mupirocin and rifampicin were determined for planktonic cultures and for biofilms generated using either a novel static biofilm model. (ebscohost.com)

We have also begun to appreciate how cells can co-ordinate their activities and build the complex structures of mature biofilms that afford protection for their inhabitants. (nih.gov)
Mature biofilms are very destructive to the teeth and surrounding gums, and many other varieties can actually provoke other significant medical health problems as well. (colgate.com)
This suggests that the matrix in mature biofilms may be strengthened by other substances or that mature biofilms may produce sufficient proteolytic exoenzymes to locally inactivate the DNase I ( 7 ). (sciencemag.org)

From this soil, Costa isolated a bacterium that disrupts biofilms. (caltech.edu)
Joao Xavier from the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York and colleagues placed colonies of the bacterium at the centre of nutrient plates and let them spread to form such biofilms. (newscientist.com)
The key ingredient in the new material is biofilm produced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. (tum.de)
The culprit turned out to be chunks of biofilm containing the bacterium Legionella pneumoniae that had wafted out of air conditioners. (sciencemag.org)
The scientists tested the anti-biofilm properties of ion-treated polymer films and compared them with those of untreated polymer films by growing Salmonella typhi , a disease-causing bacterium, on both films. (natureasia.com)

Biofilms are tricky beasts because they have a tendency to become resistant to all manner of efforts employed to eradicate them. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A cell sorter will enable us to tackle the problem of biofilm resistance by allowing us to separate resistant and virulent bacteria from the general population and determine what genetic and regulatory mechanisms these bacteria use to survive and grow within the host," said David Davies, an associate professor of biological sciences at Binghamton. (eurekalert.org)
Chuanwu Xi, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of Environmental Health at the University of Michigan and his research team found that treated steam from a novel steam disinfection system utilizing TANCS® technology rapidly kills highly resistant biofilms with greater than 99.95 % killing efficiency in a 3 second treatment, and to a non-detectable level in a less than 10 second treatment. (prweb.com)
Was it better at forming a dense biofilm or was it more resistant to disinfectants than other Salmonella? (innovations-report.com)

Until recently, the slimy conglomerations of bacteria known as biofilms were recognized mostly for their propensity to coat-and corrode-pipes. (sciencemag.org)

The Biofilm mode of growth provides such significant advantages to the members of the consortium that most organisms in important habitats are found in biofilms. (unt.edu)

Many bacterial species form biofilms, and their study has revealed them to be complex and diverse. (nih.gov)
The study showed that C auris can form a biofilm that resists many antifungal agents. (medscape.com)
Although unable to form biofilms equivalent to C. albicans , C. auris has a noteworthy virulence capacity that merits further exploration," report Leighann Sherry, PhD, from the University of Glasgow in Scotland, and colleagues. (medscape.com)
When bacteria flock together and form a community, this is called a biofilm. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The ability to form a biofilm affords at least two properties: the adherence of cells to a surface and accumulation to form multilayered cell clusters. (nih.gov)
About ninety percent of bacterial life at the surface of Earth is found in the form of biofilms" he says. (eurekalert.org)
Little by little, these bacteria form a bacterial community that becomes a biofilm. (uclouvain.be)
Bravo and colleagues [ 1 ] investigated the ability of Acinetobacter pittii strains to form biofilms after long-term desiccation if they were fed with nutrient media. (medscape.com)
Despite the reduction in culturability over time, all strains that recovered from starvation on solid-surface experiments retained their capacity to form biofilms after rehydration, an addition of nutrients, and changing temperature. (medscape.com)
The authors propose a model in which the switch and oligomerization state of a single component of the V. cholerae biofilm matrix (RbmA) determines the architecture and plasticity of the biofilm by influencing its ability to form higher-order structures with VPS. (nature.com)
Bella Neufeld, the first author and graduate student who led the research, explained that her passion for finding new ways to fight superbugs is motivated by how adaptive and impenetrable they are, especially when they are allowed to form biofilms. (colostate.edu)
Biofilms are nasty once they form, and incredibly difficult to get rid of," Neufeld said. (colostate.edu)
As a result, biofilms cannot cling to the material, and even if they do form, they easily 'slip' off under mild flow conditions," adds Wong, a researcher at SEAS and a Croucher Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at the Wyss Institute. (innovations-report.com)
Biofilms are a form of collective life with emergent properties that confer many advantages on their inhabitants, and they represent a much higher level of organization than single cells do. (nature.com)
Biofilms: an emergent form of microbial life. (nature.com)
They form in pipes, in water systems, on living organisms-the first biofilm discovered was on a person's teeth-and, of course, on mud. (scientificamerican.com)
One form of the present invention is a fabricated biofilm storage device with a biologic material applied to a substrate to form, e.g., a dry thin film stable at room temperature for extended periods of time. (freepatentsonline.com)
Another form of the present invention is a method of fabricating a biofilm storage device in which a biologic material is applied to a substrate under conditions that promote alignment of the biologic material on the substrate. (freepatentsonline.com)
But although growing several flagella allowed the bacteria to efficiently cover the entire surface, the adaptation also left them less able to stick together tightly and form biofilms. (newscientist.com)
According to the US Navy's Office of Naval Research, micro-fouling in the form of adhesive surface biofilms can increase drag by up to 20%, while the macro-fouling caused by larger organisms - typically barnacles - can add more than 60% overall. (naval-technology.com)
Many Streptococci use quorum-sensing systems to regulate several physiological properties, including the ability to incorporate foreign DNA, tolerate acid, form biofilms, and become virulent. (jci.org)
People need to question whether disinfectants that are promoted as killing various types of bacteria are really as effective in real life situations where biofilms can form as they are claimed to be based on experiments that do not use biofilms. (innovations-report.com)
Under threat of being scrubbed away with disinfectant, individual bacteria can improve their odds of survival by joining together to form colonies, called biofilms. (stanford.edu)
Biofilms can be beneficial or detrimental to the environment on which they form. (kenyon.edu)
Dr. Duraj-Thatte reviews the means that the bacteria she works with can be used for creating biofilms that can have rigid form and could be used to create synthetic biological building materials. (harvard.edu)
Histological staining of chronic wound tissue revealed discrete clusters of bacteria and the ability of equine wound isolates to form a biofilm was further supported by scanning electron microscopy studies. (bl.uk)
Some species of bacteria secrete it to form biofilms. (wikipedia.org)

Cite this: Survival of the Slimiest: The Persistent Nature of Biofilms - Medscape - Mar 22, 2018. (medscape.com)
2018. "Action of Antimicrobial Peptides against Bacterial Biofilms. (mdpi.com)

This includes cell motility within biofilm and biofilms dispersal. (weizmann.ac.il)
The second messenger c-di-GMP is a key signalling molecule controlling motility and biofilm matrix production. (genome.jp)

The structural and physiological complexity of biofilms has led to the idea that they are coordinated and cooperative groups, analogous to multicellular organisms. (nih.gov)
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of providing a biofilm layer comprises introducing a gas into the gas compartment that diffuses through the membrane and selects gas degrading organisms in the biofilm layer. (google.com)
The engineers of mudflat biofilms are single-celled photosynthesizing organisms called diatoms. (scientificamerican.com)
While classically bacteria are thought of as unicellular organisms in nature they exist in complex "multicellular" states - biofilms. (weizmann.ac.il)

Many years of research on biofilm and migratory shorebirds at Roberts Bank and other areas illustrate the covert yet vital role that the slime plays in the ecosystem. (scientificamerican.com)
Biofilm EPS, which is also referred to as slime (although not everything described as slime is a biofilm), is a polymeric conglomeration generally composed of extracellular DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides. (medicalxpress.com)
In simpler terms, biofilms are layers of slime that make it difficult to entirely clean and disinfect a surface. (neogen.com)

Onder andere met FISH, een genetische analysetechniek, bracht Buijssen de architectuur van de biofilm en interactie tussen Candida en lactobacillen gedetailleerd in kaart. (rug.nl)
Fulvic Acid and Candida Albicans Biofilms. (rainbow.coop)
Presence of Extracellular DNA in the Candida albicans Biofilm Matrix and its Contribution to Biofilms. (ebscohost.com)
In Candida albicans, there is a scarce knowledge concerning the contribution of extracellular DNA (eDNA) to biofilm matrix and overall structure. (ebscohost.com)

Biofilm is a multidisciplinary, gold open access journal focused on hypothesis- or discovery-driven studies on microbial cells that grow in multicellular communities (including surface-attached biofilms and suspended aggregates) and demonstrate different gene expression, growth rate, behavior and appearance. (elsevier.com)

Optical sectioning of microbial biofilms. (asm.org)

The study of biofilms has increased rapidly in recent years as we have become more aware of their pervasiveness and impact. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The study of biofilms has skyrocketed in recent years due to increased awareness of the pervasiveness and impact of biofilms on natural and industrial systems, as well as human health. (montana.edu)

Although resistance has been a problem with bacteria which produce biofilms (to protect themselves from antimicrobials) resistance of bacteria to manuka honey has not been demonstrated. (rainbow.coop)
Fungal Biofilm Resistance. (rainbow.coop)
One of the most important advantages a biofilm status gives the bacteria is an increased antimicrobial resistance phenotype. (frontiersin.org)
Biofilms promote bacterial growth and diversity and offer bacteria unique environments, including aerobic and anaerobic layers, that facilitate resistance to antimicrobial therapies. (scribd.com)
Furthermore, biofilms modify themselves following exposure to antimicrobial therapy, thus developing increased resistance. (scribd.com)

V. cholerae biofilms consist of an extracellular matrix that is composed of Vibrio exopolysaccharides (VPS), lipids, nucleic acids and matrix proteins, including RbmA. (nature.com)
Biofilms are dynamic communities of bacteria and fungi living within a protective self-secreted matrix of sugars and proteins. (smith-nephew.com)
In recent years there has been a growing interest in exploiting bacteriophages, or the lytic proteins that they encode, to treat biofilms. (news-medical.net)
Within the proprietary xCELLigence microtiter plates that contain gold biosensors, biofilms of S. aureus were established and then exposed to different bacteriophage-derived proteins that catalyze degradation of the key biofilm extracellular polymers peptidoglycan or exopolysaccharide. (news-medical.net)
With this in mind, they concluded that the reduced workload, improved efficiency, and higher reproducibility of the xCELLigence assay will make it possible to "quickly assess and compare by standardized parameters the disaggregating activity of phage anti-biofilm proteins. (news-medical.net)
The matrix, which holds bacterial biofilms together, is a complex mixture of macromolecules including exopolysaccharides, proteins, and DNA ( 4 ). (sciencemag.org)
Secreted proteins and cell wall-anchored proteins (CWAPs) are important for the development of polysaccharide-independent biofilms, but functional relationships between these proteins are unclear. (asm.org)

This review addresses the current state of research into medical biofilm dispersal. (mdpi.com)
Lastly, we discuss some of the main hurdles to development of biofilm dispersal agents, and contemplate what needs to be done to overcome them. (mdpi.com)
In this Research Topic, we aim to highlight groundbreaking work in the development and/or application of quantitative analysis methods to bacterial biofilms, with a focus on those studies resulting in the discovery of new phenomena regulating biofilm initiation, development, function, or dispersal. (frontiersin.org)
3. Biofilms can propagate through detachment of small or large clumps of cells, or by a type of 'seeding dispersal' that releases individual cells. (montana.edu)

Although this also happens in free-living bacterial communities, it is significantly more efficient in biofilms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Biofilms are structurally, phenotypically, and compositionally diverse bacterial communities. (frontiersin.org)
Biofilms are currently defined as structured bacterial communities embedded in a self-produced exopolysaccharide matrix adherent to any abiotic or biological surface. (frontiersin.org)

Biofilms are bacterial colonies that are attached to a surface. (google.com)
We previously developed and validated a vortexing-sonication technique for detection of biofilm bacteria on the surface of explanted prosthetic joints. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, biofilms on the inner surface of several toys, used under either real or controlled conditions, have been characterised by optical coherence tomography, flow cytometry, electron microscopy, conventional plating for indicator bacteria and 16S/18S illumina sequencing analysis. (eawag.ch)
As the biofilm progresses the adhesion is higher and chemical bonding is more hence lower the surface energy. (bio.net)
By creating a liquid-infused structured surface, we deprive bacteria of the static interface they need to get a grip and grow together into biofilms," says Epstein, a recent Ph.D. graduate who worked in Aizenberg's lab at the time of the study. (innovations-report.com)
Biofilms dominate in all habitats on the surface of the Earth, except in the oceans, accounting for ~80% of bacterial and archaeal cells. (nature.com)
Biofilms, surface-associated microbial communities composed of aggregates of cells that are encased by an extracellular matrix, have a tremendous impact on industrial, clinical, and natural environments. (asm.org)
We ran experiments showing that if you stretch an elastic piece of rubber at a proper rate, you can pop various types of sticky biofilms right off of its surface," says Xuanhe Zhao, professor of mechanical engineering and materials science, whose team partnered with that of Gabriel Lopez, professor of biomedical engineering. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
They are eating a biofilm, a goo only a few millimeters thick that coats the surface of the mudflat and plays a key role in making these ecosystems among the most biologically productive in the world. (scientificamerican.com)
1. A fabricated biofilm storage device for long term storage of biological material comprising: optionally, a substrate having a contacting surface, and a biologic material on the optional contacting surface and forming a stable film, wherein the film is stable at room temperature for at least 7 weeks. (freepatentsonline.com)
Enmech Biofilm Carriers is a new kind of suspension carriers, it modified polymeric materials with the promoted additions of bio-enzyme, it improves the enzymatic catalysis, so it possess excellences of larger specific surface, being easy to multiply biofilm, unease to fall. (environmental-expert.com)
At my last appointment, my dentist showed me an awesome video of biofilm (bacterial colonies) on the surface of normal teeth. (bacteriality.com)
Bacterial biofilms are defined as a community of surface-attached bacteria that are protected by an extracellular matrix of biomolecules. (rti.org)
The bacteria utilize dietary sugars to build and strengthen biofilms, trapping acids onto the tooth's surface and causing demineralization and decay of teeth. (asm.org)
Wherever you find a combination of moisture, nutrients and a surface, you are likely to find biofilm. (montana.edu)
Either type of detachment allows bacteria to attach to a surface or to a biofilm downstream of the original community. (montana.edu)
Scanning electron microscopy photomicrograph of a 6 old B. cereus biofilm formed on a stainless steel surface. (kenyon.edu)
Topics include biofilms morphology, the detection of anammox bacteria in the biofilms by using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and the assessment of surface microrelief of the biofilms. (ebscohost.com)
Bacterial biofilms are structured communities of cells enclosed in self-produced hydrated polymeric matrix adherent to an inert or living surface ( 1 ). (sciencemag.org)
These bacterial biofilms are formed on the linings of shower curtains, behind cabinets and on the inner surface of the flexible rubber toys. (organicfacts.net)
Biofilm accumulation becomes critical when it limits the effect that disinfectants have on a surface. (neogen.com)
Our experiments show that the directional surface wrinkles can confer biofilms with anisotropic wetting properties. (rsc.org)

and (2) evaluate the efficacy of heat and chemical sanitizer treatments on inactivation of pathogens in biofilms formed on stainless steel. (uga.edu)
When LA (3%) and 2% LVA+0.5% SDS were applied to biofilms following treatment at 80ºC, all three pathogens were reduced to undetectable levels, i.e., samples were negative by enrichment. (uga.edu)

In Biofilms, Infection, and Antimicrobial Therapy, Drs Pace, Rupp, and Finch assemble the contributions of more than 50 of the world's leading authorities on microbial biofilms who present recent findings on antibacterial tolerance and bacterial persistence associated with biofilms and discuses the implications of those findings with regard to human health. (waterstones.com)

Once the cells "sense" that a quorum has been reached, they begin to communicate, a process that in turn "throws the switch" for manufacturing virulence factors, such as biofilms. (scienceblog.com)

Springer Series on Biofilms presents carefully refereed volumes on selected topics on this field of research. (springer.com)

Davey, M. E. & O'toole, G. A. Microbial biofilms: from ecology to molecular genetics. (nature.com)
Biofilms are held together by sugary molecular strands, collectively termed 'extracellular polymeric substances' or 'EPS. (montana.edu)

Biofilms are sessile microbial communities embedded in a self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix ( 12 , 44 ). (asm.org)

Biofilms are found naturally in many places, including teeth (plaque), medical devices such as intravenous catheters, prosthetic heart valves, and cardiac pacemakers, in sewage pipelines, ship hulls, and many other non-human environments. (google.com)
Biofilms stick to just about everything, from copper pipes to steel ship hulls to glass catheters. (innovations-report.com)
An artistic configuration of catheters in various stages of being clogged by biofilm. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
About half of the time, the interior of long-term urinary catheters become plagued by biofilms-structures formed by colonies of bacteria that are extremely difficult to kill. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

Effects of Antimicrobial Agents on an ( in-vitro ) Biofilm Model of Skin Wounds. (smith-nephew.com)
An increase in red fluorescence from the in vitro biofilms appeared to be related to the clinical inflammatory response of the respective saliva donors, which was previously assessed during an in vivo period of performing no-oral hygiene. (uva.nl)

Studies that investigated anti-biofilm activities without describing the possible mechanisms were removed from the analysis. (mdpi.com)

Direct detection of bacterial biofilms on the middle-ear mucosa of children with chronic otitis media," Journal of the American Medical Association , vol. 296, no. 2, pp. 202-211, 2006. (hindawi.com)
60% of chronic wounds contain a biofilm 1 , which could delay healing. (smith-nephew.com)
Research shows 60% of chronic wounds contain a biofilm. (smith-nephew.com)
If you've treated a chronic wound that failed to progress, despite good wound care, it is possible you have been dealing with a biofilm. (smith-nephew.com)
Biofilms in chronic wounds, Wound Repair and Regeneration (2007). (smith-nephew.com)
Biofilms in human wounds are considered responsible for the non-healing nature of some chronic wounds. (bl.uk)
Recent advancements in chronic wound healing have resulted from an increased understanding and awareness of biofilms. (bl.uk)
These findings led to the hypothesis that bacterial biofilms were also present within the wound bed of non- healing equine wounds and could be responsible for the unexplained retardation of some chronic equine wounds. (bl.uk)
Secondly, the study examined chronic wounds for in-vivo evidence of biofilm material. (bl.uk)
This work supports the hypothesis that biofilms exist within chronic equine wounds and provides a sound basis for future work that can be used to guide and enhance the successful healing of chronic equine wounds. (bl.uk)
In one part of the study the investigators want to investigate the presence of biofilm in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis both with and without nasal polyps compared with a control group of subjects without chronic rhinosinusitis. (bioportfolio.com)

Pyocyanin has been used in the clinical identification of this strain for over a century, but several years ago the Newman group demonstrated that the molecule also supports biofilm growth, raising the possibility that its degradation might offer a new route to inhibit biofilm development. (caltech.edu)
The authors demonstrated that the degradation of these polymers, and the concomitant dissipation of the biofilm, causes a decrease in the xCELLigence biosensor signal that is both time- and dose-dependent. (news-medical.net)
This therapy, focused on biofilm prevention or degradation, is particularly applicable for early stage CF in young patients when antimicrobial agents are only partially effective at best. (nationaljewish.org)

And in the mid-1980s, Joseph Lam of the University of Calgary in Alberta, using the transmission electron microscope, confirmed that biofilms are present in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. (sciencemag.org)

DNA has been described as a structural component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in bacterial biofilms. (ebscohost.com)
At low cell density, biofilm genes, including Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS) biosynthesis genes and the major extracellular matrix genes RbmA, RbmC, and Bap1, are expressed. (genome.jp)

Second, while local cooperation among bacteria may often occur, the evolution of cooperation among all cells is unlikely for most biofilms. (nih.gov)
Strong conflict can arise among multiple species and strains in a biofilm, and spontaneous mutation can generate conflict even within biofilms initiated by genetically identical cells. (nih.gov)
Although micafungin and caspofungin inhibited some of the fungus, neither worked against biofilms: voriconazole showed little activity against C auris cells, and fluconazole was altogether ineffective. (medscape.com)
But what shapes the architecture and the organization of cells in biofilms, for example to mix or segregate, is still unclear. (eurekalert.org)
0.05) of cells in biofilms treated with LA (3%) were recovered on TSA than on selective media. (uga.edu)
we estimate that 20-80% of cells in the subsurface exist as biofilms. (nature.com)
Hence, overall, 40-80% of cells on Earth reside in biofilms. (nature.com)
2016) Toxin-Antitoxin systems eliminate defective cells and preserve symmetry in Bacillus subtilis biofilms. (weizmann.ac.il)
The dry steam generated can easily break the barrier of biofilm structures and kill cells inside the biofilms. (prweb.com)
Underneath the protective biofilm, the cells are happily reproducing, damaging the tissue and producing toxins," said Suga. (scienceblog.com)
In some cases, loss of fluorescence appeared to coincide with detachment of cells from the biofilm. (asm.org)
We also suggest that detachment of cells expressing agr from biofilms may have important clinical implications. (asm.org)
We found that it was not possible to kill the Salmonella cells using any of the three disinfectants, if the biofilm was allowed to grow for seven days before the disinfectant was applied," says Mary Corcoran, a researcher on the study. (innovations-report.com)
Exposure of cells to the SPIONs at concentrations up to 200 μg/ml resulted in an increase in biofilm biomass by 16 h under static conditions and a corresponding increase in cell density in the bulk liquid. (scirp.org)
Fe(II) levels in the supernatants of biofilms formed in the presence of FeNPs exceeded 100 μM compared with 20 μM in control media without cells. (scirp.org)
The latter has been presumed to be derived from lysed cells and has not been thought to represent an important component of biofilm structure. (sciencemag.org)

Anatomy1

Organisms13

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs26

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes13

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Health Care4

Resistance of artificial biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem and tobramycin. (1/4882)

Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor: identification of a gene cluster required for the rugose colony type, exopolysaccharide production, chlorine resistance, and biofilm formation. (2/4882)

Surface-grafted, environmentally sensitive polymers for biofilm release. (3/4882)

Ultrasonic enhancement of antibiotic action on Escherichia coli biofilms: an in vivo model. (4/4882)

Study of the response of a biofilm bacterial community to UV radiation. (5/4882)

Characterization of the importance of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the pathogenesis of biomaterial-based infection in a mouse foreign body infection model. (6/4882)

Characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin in the pathogenesis of intravascular catheter-associated infection in a rat model. (7/4882)

Characterization of the relationship between polysaccharide intercellular adhesin and hemagglutination in Staphylococcus epidermidis. (8/4882)

Biofilms

Plankton

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Microbial Viability

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Colony Count, Microbial

Bacterial Adhesion

Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Candida albicans

Bacterial Physiological Phenomena

Streptococcus oralis

Microscopy, Confocal

Streptococcus mutans

Bacteria

Plasma Gases

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Microbial Interactions

Cetylpyridinium

Quorum Sensing

Peracetic Acid

Disinfectants

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Bacterial Proteins

Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Dental Plaque

Antifungal Agents

Chlorhexidine

Polysaccharides, Bacterial

Anti-Infective Agents, Local

Mouth

Staphylococcus aureus

Tobramycin

Equipment Contamination

Culture Media

Bioelectric Energy Sources

Bioreactors

Actinomyces

Farnesol

Water Microbiology

Microbial Consortia

Stainless Steel

Echinocandins

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Bacterial Load

Drug Resistance, Fungal

Biomass

Silicones

Catheter-Related Infections

Silicone Elastomers

Catheters

Polyvinyl Chloride

DNA, Bacterial

Tetrazolium Salts

Erythrosine

Streptococcus gordonii

Alginates

RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Fluconazole

Drug Resistance, Bacterial

Candida

Polystyrenes

Shewanella

Antibiosis

Amphotericin B

Resistance of artificial biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem and tobramycin. (1/4882)

Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor: identification of a gene cluster required for the rugose colony type, exopolysaccharide production, chlorine resistance, and biofilm formation. (2/4882)

Surface-grafted, environmentally sensitive polymers for biofilm release. (3/4882)

Ultrasonic enhancement of antibiotic action on Escherichia coli biofilms: an in vivo model. (4/4882)

Study of the response of a biofilm bacterial community to UV radiation. (5/4882)

Characterization of the importance of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the pathogenesis of biomaterial-based infection in a mouse foreign body infection model. (6/4882)

Characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin in the pathogenesis of intravascular catheter-associated infection in a rat model. (7/4882)

Characterization of the relationship between polysaccharide intercellular adhesin and hemagglutination in Staphylococcus epidermidis. (8/4882)

The Roles of Glycerol in Candida Albicans Biofilm Formation and Invasi by Jigarkumar V. Desai

Biofilm formation on nanostructured hydroxyapatite-coated titanium. | NIOM

The role of the globin-coupled sensor YddV in a mature E. coli biofilm population - Institutional Repository University of...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Promotes Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation in Nutrient-Limited Medium - Semantic Scholar

During the Early Stages of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Formation, Induced Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Are Degraded by...

IDEALS @ Illinois: Role of disinfectants and pipe materials on bacterial adhesion onto biofilms

Synergistic Effects in Mixed Escherichia coli Biofilms: Conjugative Plasmid Transfer Drives Biofilm Expansion | Journal of...

Abrasive treatment of microtiter plates improves the reproducibility of bacterial biofilm assays - RSC Advances (RSC Publishing)