AnatomyChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
Bile PigmentsBiliverdineBilirubinBileDiazonium CompoundsUrobilinogenBile Acids and SaltsAzo CompoundsPigments, BiologicalPigment Epithelium of Eyeortho-AminobenzoatesPorphyrinsRetinal PigmentsHeme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)MetalloporphyrinsChromatography, Thin LayerProtoporphyrinsBile DuctsHemePyrroles
Bile Pigments
Linear TETRAPYRROLES that give a characteristic color to BILE including: BILIRUBIN; BILIVERDIN; and bilicyanin.
Biliverdine
1,3,6,7-Tetramethyl-4,5-dicarboxyethyl-2,8-divinylbilenone. Biosynthesized from hemoglobin as a precursor of bilirubin. Occurs in the bile of AMPHIBIANS and of birds, but not in normal human bile or serum.
Bilirubin
A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME.
Bile
An emulsifying agent produced in the LIVER and secreted into the DUODENUM. Its composition includes BILE ACIDS AND SALTS; CHOLESTEROL; and ELECTROLYTES. It aids DIGESTION of fats in the duodenum.
Diazonium Compounds
Urobilinogen
A colorless compound formed in the intestines by the reduction of bilirubin. Some is excreted in the feces where it is oxidized to urobilin. Some is reabsorbed and re-excreted in the bile as bilirubin. At times, it is re-excreted in the urine, where it may be later oxidized to urobilin.
Bile Acids and Salts
Steroid acids and salts. The primary bile acids are derived from cholesterol in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. The secondary bile acids are further modified by bacteria in the intestine. They play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fat. They have also been used pharmacologically, especially in the treatment of gallstones.
Azo Compounds
Pigments, Biological
Any normal or abnormal coloring matter in PLANTS; ANIMALS or micro-organisms.
Pigment Epithelium of Eye
The layer of pigment-containing epithelial cells in the RETINA; the CILIARY BODY; and the IRIS in the eye.
ortho-Aminobenzoates
Benzoic acids, salts, or esters that contain an amino group attached to carbon number 2 or 6 of the benzene ring structure.
Porphyrins
A group of compounds containing the porphin structure, four pyrrole rings connected by methine bridges in a cyclic configuration to which a variety of side chains are attached. The nature of the side chain is indicated by a prefix, as uroporphyrin, hematoporphyrin, etc. The porphyrins, in combination with iron, form the heme component in biologically significant compounds such as hemoglobin and myoglobin.
Retinal Pigments
Photosensitive protein complexes of varied light absorption properties which are expressed in the PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. They are OPSINS conjugated with VITAMIN A-based chromophores. Chromophores capture photons of light, leading to the activation of opsins and a biochemical cascade that ultimately excites the photoreceptor cells.
Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)
A mixed function oxidase enzyme which during hemoglobin catabolism catalyzes the degradation of heme to ferrous iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin in the presence of molecular oxygen and reduced NADPH. The enzyme is induced by metals, particularly cobalt. EC 1.14.99.3.
Metalloporphyrins
Porphyrins which are combined with a metal ion. The metal is bound equally to all four nitrogen atoms of the pyrrole rings. They possess characteristic absorption spectra which can be utilized for identification or quantitative estimation of porphyrins and porphyrin-bound compounds.
Chromatography, Thin Layer
Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Protoporphyrins
Porphyrins with four methyl, two vinyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Protoporphyrin IX occurs in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and most of the cytochromes.
Bile Ducts
The channels that collect and transport the bile secretion from the BILE CANALICULI, the smallest branch of the BILIARY TRACT in the LIVER, through the bile ductules, the bile ducts out the liver, and to the GALLBLADDER for storage.
Heme
The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.
Pyrroles
Azoles of one NITROGEN and two double bonds that have aromatic chemical properties.

CCK receptor dysfunction in muscle membranes from human gallbladders with cholesterol stones. (1/119)

Human gallbladders with cholesterol stones exhibit impaired muscle contraction induced by agonists that act on transmembrane receptors, increased membrane cholesterol content, and abnormal cholesterol-to-phospholipid ratio compared with those with pigment stones. The present study was designed to investigate the functions of the CCK receptor of gallbladder muscle membranes by radioreceptor assay and cross-linking. 125I-labeled CCK-8 binding was time-dependent, competitive, and specific. Scatchard analysis showed that the maximum specific binding (Bmax) was significantly decreased in cholesterol compared with pigment stone gallbladders (0.18 +/- 0. 07 vs. 0.38 +/- 0.05 pmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). In contrast, the affinity for CCK was higher in cholesterol than pigment stone gallbladders (0.18 +/- 0.06 vs. 1.2 +/- 0.23 nM). Similar results were observed in binding studies with the CCK-A receptor antagonist [3H]L-364,718. Cross-linking and saturation binding studies also showed significantly less CCK binding in gallbladders with cholesterol stones. These abnormalities were reversible after incubation with cholesterol-free liposomes. The Bmax increased (P < 0.01) and the dissociation constant decreased (P < 0.001) after incubation with cholesterol-free liposomes. In conclusion, human gallbladders with cholesterol stones have impaired CCK receptor binding compared with those with pigment stones. These changes are reversed by removal of the excess membrane cholesterol. These receptor alterations may contribute to the defective contractility of the gallbladder muscle in patients with cholesterol stones.  (+info)

Fluorescence polarization studies on four biliproteins and a bilin model for phycoerythrin 545. (2/119)

Fluorescence (excitation) polarization spectroscopy in the wavelength region of the bilin chromophores was applied to phycoerythrocyanin (CV-phycocyanin), phycocyanins 645 and 612, and phycoerythrin 545. The cryptomonad biliproteins - phycoerythrin 545 and phycocyanins 612 and 645 - were studied as both protein dimers having an alpha(2)beta(2) polypeptide structure and as alphabeta monomers. The cyanobacterial phycoerythrocyanin (CV-phycocyanin) was a trimeric oligomer. The changes in polarization across the spectrum were attributed to transfers of energy between bilins. Cryptomonad biliproteins are isolated as dimers. The similarities between their steady-state fluorescence polarization spectra and those of the corresponding monomers suggested that the monomers' conformations were analogous to the dimers. This supports the use of monomers in the study of dimer bilin organization. The unusual polarization spectrum of phycoerythrin 545 was explained using a model for the topography of its bilins. Obtaining the emission spectra of phycoerythrin 545 at several temperatures and a deconvolution of the dimer circular dichroism spectrum also successfully tested the bilin model. Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to determine which polarization changes are formed by Forster resonance energy transfers and which may be produced by internal conversions between high- and low-energy states of pairs of exciton-coupled bilins. Attempts were made to assign energy transfer events to the corresponding changes in fluorescence polarization for each of the four biliproteins.  (+info)

In vitro assembly of phytochrome B apoprotein with synthetic analogs of the phytochrome chromophore. (3/119)

Phytochrome B (PhyB), one of the major photosensory chromoproteins in plants, mediates a variety of light-responsive developmental processes in a photoreversible manner. To analyze the structural requirements of the chromophore for the spectral properties of PhyB, we have designed and chemically synthesized 20 analogs of the linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophore and reconstituted them with PhyB apoprotein (PHYB). The A-ring acts mainly as the anchor for ligation to PHYB, because the modification of the side chains at the C2 and C3 positions did not significantly influence the formation or difference spectra of adducts. In contrast, the side chains of the B- and C-rings are crucial to position the chromophore properly in the chromophore pocket of PHYB and for photoreversible spectral changes. The side-chain structure of the D-ring is required for the photoreversible spectral change of the adducts. When methyl and ethyl groups at the C17 and C18 positions are replaced with an n-propyl, n-pentyl, or n-octyl group, respectively, the photoreversible spectral change of the adducts depends on the length of the side chains. From these studies, we conclude that each pyrrole ring of the linear tetrapyrrole chromophore plays a different role in chromophore assembly and the photochromic properties of PhyB.  (+info)

Sequence of heme decomposition by the coupled oxidation of myoglobin with ascorbic acid. (4/119)

Occurrence of a biliverdin-iron complex or verdoheme as the final oxidation product of heme moiety in the coupled oxidation of myoglobin and ascorbic acid in air was evidenced and the sequence of heme decomposition in this reaction system was concluded to proceed in the order of protoheme, hydroxyheme and biliverdin-iron complex or verdoheme. The final oxidation product usually remains attaached to globin and appears to give a diffuse absorption possibly with a peak at 760 nm at neutral pH. In alkaline solution the compound exhibits an absorption peak at 840 nm, and when reduced with Na(2)S(2)O(4), it is readily converted to biliverdin which exhibits a large absorption with a peak originally at 800 nm, being followed by a gradual shift to 760 nm.  (+info)

Effect of metiamide on the response to secretin and cholecystokinin in man. (5/119)

The effects of intravenous metiamide on the pancreatic exocrine response to intravenous infusion of secretin plus cholecystokinin has been studied in eight patients with duodenal ulceration. The secretion of bicarbonate and water was not altered by metiamide. The secretion of enzymes was significantly less than control during infusion of metiamide. The differences between the pancreatic and gastric responses to metiamide are discussed.  (+info)

Bile bilirubin pigment analysis in disorders of bilirubin metabolism in early infancy. (6/119)

BACKGROUND: Early and accurate diagnosis of Crigler-Najjar syndrome, which causes prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in infancy, is important, as orthotopic liver transplantation is the definitive treatment. AIM: To determine whether bilirubin pigment analysis of bile in infants with prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia provides useful diagnostic information in the first 3 months of life. METHODS: Retrospective review of patients with prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia referred to the liver unit, Birmingham Children's Hospital, for the diagnosis of Crigler-Najjar syndrome. Bile bilirubin pigment composition was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Initial diagnoses were made based on the result of bile bilirubin pigment composition. Final diagnoses were made after reviewing the clinical course, response to phenobarbitone, repeat bile bilirubin pigment composition analysis, and genetic studies. RESULTS: Between 1992 and 1999, nine infants aged less than 3 months of age with prolonged hyperbilirubinaemia underwent bile bilirubin pigment analyses. Based on these, two children were diagnosed with Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CNS) type 1, six with CNS type 2, and one with Gilbert's syndrome. Five children whose initial diagnosis was CNS type 2 had resolution of jaundice and normalisation of serum bilirubin after discontinuing phenobarbitone, and these cases were thought to be normal or to have Gilbert's syndrome. One of the initial cases of CNS type 1 responded to phenobarbitone with an 80% reduction in serum bilirubin consistent with CNS type 2. In all, the diagnoses of six cases needed to be reviewed. CONCLUSIONS: Early bile pigment analysis, performed during the first 3 months of life, often shows high levels of unconjugated bilirubin or bilirubin monoconjugates, leading to the incorrect diagnosis of both type 1 and type 2 Crigler-Najjar syndrome.  (+info)

Separation by thin-layer chromatography and structure elucidation of bilirubin conjugates isolated from dog bile. (7/119)

1. A system for separation of bile pigments by t.l.c. and for their structure elucidation is presented. Separated bile pigments are characterized by t.l.c. of derived dipyrrolic azopigments. 2. At the tetrapyrrolic stage hydrolysis in strongly alkaline medium followed by t.l.c. demonstrates the presence of bilirubin-IIIalpha, -IXalpha and -XIIIalpha and allows assessment of their relative amounts. 3. Most structural information is derived from analysis of dipyrrolic azopigments. Such derivatives, obtained by treatment of separated bile pigments with diazotized ethyl anthranilate, were separated and purified by t.l.c. Micro methods showed (a) the nature of the dipyrrolic aglycone, (b) the nature of the bonds connecting aglycone to a conjugating group, (c) the ratio of vinyl/isovinyl isomers present in the aglycone and, (d) the nature of the conjugating groups (by suitable derivative formation and t.l.c. with reference to known compounds). 4. In bile of normal dogs at least 20 tetrapyrrolic, diazo-positive bile pigments could be recognized. Except for two pigments the tetrapyrrolic nucleus corresponded predominantly to bilirubin-IXalpha. All conjugated pigments had their conjugating groups connected in ester linkage to the tetrapyrrolic aglycone, Apart from bilirubin-IXalpha, monoconjugates and homogeneous and mixed diconjugates of bilirubin were demonstrated; conjugating groups of major importance were xylose, glucose and glucuronic acid. 5. Bilirubin isomer determination on native bile and isolated bile pigments, and dipyrrole-exchange assays with [14C8]bilirubin indicated (a) that the conjugates pre-exist in bile, and (b) that no significant dipyrrole exchange occurs during isolation of the pigments.  (+info)

Recombinant holophytochrome in Escherichia coli. (8/119)

We have successfully co-expressed two genes from the bilin biosynthetic pathway of Synechocystis together with cyanobacterial phytochrome 1 (Cph1) from the same organism to produce holophytochrome in Escherichia coli. Heme oxygenase was used to convert host heme to biliverdin IXalpha which was then reduced to phycocyanobilin via phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, presumably with the aid of host ferredoxin. In this host environment Cph1 apophytochrome was able to autoassemble with the phycocyanobilin in vivo to form fully photoreversible holophytochrome. The system can be used as a tool for further genetic studies of phytochrome function and signal transduction as well as providing an excellent source of holophytochrome for physicochemical studies.  (+info)

Porphyrins & Bile Pigments | Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30e | AccessMedicine | McGraw-Hill MedicalPorphyrins & Bile Pigments | Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 30e | AccessMedicine | McGraw-Hill Medical
The biochemistry of the porphyrins and of the bile pigments are closely related topics. Heme is synthesized from porphyrins and iron, and the products of degradation of heme are the bile pigments and iron. The biochemistry of the porphyrins and of heme is basic to understanding the varied functions of hemoproteins, and the porphyrias, a group of diseases caused by abnormalities in the pathway of porphyrin biosynthesis. A much more common clinical condition is jaundice, a consequence of an elevated level of plasma bilirubin, due either to overproduction of bilirubin or to failure of its excretion. Jaundice occurs in numerous diseases ranging from hemolytic anemias to viral hepatitis and to cancer of the pancreas. ...
http://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1366§ionid=73244643
THE RELATION OF THE SPLEEN TO BLOOD DESTRUCTION AND REGENERATION AND TO HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE | JEMTHE RELATION OF THE SPLEEN TO BLOOD DESTRUCTION AND REGENERATION AND TO HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE | JEM
1. In four animals with a bile duct-ureter anastomosis and without disturbance due to obstruction or absorption, the total quantity of bile pigment output during a day under normal conditions varied from 0.0618 to 0.0678 gm. These figures are practically identical with those of Stadelmann (9, 10) but lower than those given by Hooper and Whipple (7), who find that the average bile pigment excretion amounts to about 1 mg. per pound of body weight per 6 hours.. 2. In all the experiments there is definite evidence of a decrease in bile pigment elimination after splenectomy. This is true not only of the elimination when no hemolytic agent is administered but also when excessive blood destruction is caused. Under the latter circumstances the amount of bile pigment is greatly increased but never reaches the high level of blood destruction before splenectomy.. 3. These observations appear to show conclusively that the absence of the spleen influences the formation of bile pigment. To what extent the ...
http://jem.rupress.org/content/26/6/795
Bile pigments as HIV-1 protease inhibitors and their effects on HIV-1 viral maturation and infectivity in vitro | Biochemical...Bile pigments as HIV-1 protease inhibitors and their effects on HIV-1 viral maturation and infectivity in vitro | Biochemical...
Using recently developed molecular-shape description algorithms, we searched the Available Chemical Directory for known compounds similar in shape to the potent HIV-1 protease inhibitor Merck L-700,417; 15 compounds most similar in shape to the inhibitor were selected for testing in vitro. Four of these inhibited the protease at 100 µM or less and the most active of the four were the naturally occurring pigments biliverdin and bilirubin. Biliverdin and bilirubin inhibited recombinant HIV-1 protease in vitro at pH 7.8 with Ki values of approx. 1 µM, and also inhibited HIV-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus proteases. The related pyrrolic pigments stercobilin, urobilin, biliverdin dimethyl ester and xanthobilirubic acid showed similar inhibitory activity at low micromolar concentrations. Biliverdin, bilirubin and xanthobilirubic acid did not inhibit viral polyprotein processing in cultured cells, but they reduced viral infectivity significantly. At 100 µM, xanthobilirubic acid affected viral ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/320/2/681
ON THE ABSORPTION OF BILE PIGMENTS FROM THE INTESTINE | JEMON THE ABSORPTION OF BILE PIGMENTS FROM THE INTESTINE | JEM
Bilirubin as such is not reabsorbed from the intestine by way of the portal vein in healthy animals. Bilirubin may be absorbed from the intestine by the lymphatics but only in minute amounts.. Urobilin is reabsorbed from the intestine by way of the portal vein and by way of the lymphatics.. ...
http://jem.rupress.org/content/45/2/195
Bile pigment may provide natural protection from heart attacks
New hope in the fight against cardiovascular disease has arrived, following breakthrough research identifying a pigment in our bile which could protect us.
http://www2.betterhealthandliving.com/h/i/171574431-bile-pigment-may-provide-natural-protection-from-heart-attacks
Bile pigments and jaundice. Molecular, metabolic, and medical aspects | GutBile pigments and jaundice. Molecular, metabolic, and medical aspects | Gut
You need to be signed in to access email alerts. If you have an account log in with your user name and password. If you dont have an account you can just enter your email address in the email box below ...
https://gut.bmj.com/content/28/3/365.3.alerts
Mechanisms of intrathymic tolerance induction to isolated rat hepatocyte allografts - Attavar - 2003 - Hepatology - Wiley...Mechanisms of intrathymic tolerance induction to isolated rat hepatocyte allografts - Attavar - 2003 - Hepatology - Wiley...
Ilan Y, Attavar P, Takahashi M, Davidson A, Horwitz M, Guida J, Chowdhury N Roy, Chowdhury J. Roy Induction of central tolerance by intrathymic inoculation of adenoviral antigens into the host thymus permits long-term gene therapy in Gunn rats. J Clin Invest 1996; 98: 2640-2647 ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.510260529/references
Abdominal Pain In Right Side Under Ribs
gallbladder is situated in the process of digestion. Choose low cholesterollevels in the health problem abdominal pain in right side under ribs with gallbladder attack. Cutting out the chances of developing pigment stones. Increase the restroom as the transmitted to a solidly formed medium brown stool, which are identifying pancreas pain also helpful. When you are overweight after a meal especially after eating just before bedtime. The good news is that? However, lupus liver pain be almost religious about your removal of the body. More often feel the pain is often because the number of people experiencing a distressing level of bile pigment stones. Yes, I suppose it could pass through your urine. I switched over to hold my hand on something other than surgical treatment to picture of appendix pain pass through bile in the unhealthy kinds of drugs becoming a healthy diet before going to be more severe. Most people suffered due to acid abdominal pain in gallbladder disease symptoms uterine cancer ...
http://healthygallbladder.com/631230/abdominal-pain-in-right-side-under-ribs/
Biliverdin | Define Biliverdin at Dictionary.comBiliverdin | Define Biliverdin at Dictionary.com
Biliverdin definition, a dark-green bile pigment, C 33 H 34 O 6 N 4 , formed as a breakdown product of hemoglobin and converted in humans to bilirubin. See more.
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/biliverdin
Bile - Things You Didnt KnowBile - Things You Didnt Know
Bile - What causes green bile? Chemical properties. Biliverdin is a green tetrapyrrolic bile pigment, and is a product of heme/redcell breadown. Biliverdin is further broken down to bilirubin for easier excretion to the outside world (also into urobilinogen in urine-as mild yellow). This compound absorbs green light, thus appears green to your eyes! (put in dard room=brown/black). I think u maybe asking why u threw up green? Consult doc. Good luck.
https://www.healthtap.com/topics/bile
Triggering DNAzymes with light: A photoactive C8 thioether-linked adenosine | UBC ChemistryTriggering DNAzymes with light: A photoactive C8 thioether-linked adenosine | UBC Chemistry
Department of Chemistry, UBC Faculty of Science. Vancouver Campus. 2036 Main Mall. Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z1. Tel: 604.822.3266. Fax: 604.822.2847. ...
https://chem.ubc.ca/triggering-dnazymes-light-photoactive-c8-thioether-linked-adenosine
Composition, Secretion, & Function of Bile | Physiology Plus
The key components of bile are; bile salts that facilitate enzymatic fat digestion; bile pigments, such as bilirubin, that are the waste product of hemoglobin
http://physiologyplus.com/composition-secretion-and-function-of-bile/
Synonyms and Antonyms for jaundice | Synonym.comSynonyms and Antonyms for jaundice | Synonym.com
yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or anemia. ...
http://www.synonym.com/synonyms/jaundice
partisanship - Wordage.info - Free Thesaurus Tool for Word Discovery - Expanded Thesaurus, Reverse Dictionary Lookuppartisanship - Wordage.info - Free Thesaurus Tool for Word Discovery - Expanded Thesaurus, Reverse Dictionary Lookup
yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or ...
http://wordage.info/partisanship/
Natural home remedies for the treatment of Jaundice | Health TipsNatural home remedies for the treatment of Jaundice | Health Tips
Jaundice is the yellowish discoloration of dermis and the whites of the eyes. This is caused by a build-up of a substance called bilirubin. When there is an excessive circulation of the bile pigments in the blood, then this disease is caused. It can be caused by acute hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, yellow fever,
http://www.good-health-tips.com/2010/09/14/natural-home-remedies-for-the-treatment-of-jaundice/
Cirrhosis of the liver - Stock Image M130/0676 - Science Photo LibraryCirrhosis of the liver - Stock Image M130/0676 - Science Photo Library
Cirrhosis of the liver. Gross specimen of a slice of tissue from a liver affected by primary biliary cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is irreversible scarring of the liver due to a chronic disorder. The scarring causes the mottled appearance of the liver tissue. In this case, the cause is a biliary disorder, a malfunction of bile production and excretion. This causes a build-up of bile pigments in the skin and eyes, resulting in the yellow colour of jaundice. The symptoms can be treated with drugs, but the only effective cure is a liver transplant. - Stock Image M130/0676
http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/252776/view
Alpha Interferon | Chronic HepatitisAlpha Interferon | Chronic Hepatitis
Liver is among the most important body organs because it participates in the vital functions of a persons body. Detoxification of toxins, generation of glucose, storage of glycogen, breaking down of amino acids, protein formation and generation of digestive juices and bile pigments are top functions performed by liver. In case, the normal functioning of Read more ...
http://chronichepatitis.org/tag/alpha-interferon/
Name of Excretory Products and Organs of Vertebrates - Line ServedName of Excretory Products and Organs of Vertebrates - Line Served
Excretory products are Co2, mineral salts, urea, creatinine, uric acid, bile pigments and excess water. Excretory organs are Kidneys, gills, skin, lungs and intestine.. Note: There are several key rules about how to learn words and how to memorize words so that they do not forget the next day. First, combine the words into thematic groups: Food, People, Clothes, Weather, Entertainment, etc. It is very good to combine thematic words with thematic phrases. Also combine words into the meaning groups by their functions in speech, for example: Verbs of motion, Modal verbs, Synonyms, Synonyms and antonyms, Adjectives, Comparative adjectives. Memorize new words in associations (in typical phrases and phrases), and not as individual words. The connections between words in phrases will help you remember the right word. Good dictionaries usually give standard phrases as examples of use, you can memorize them. But for maximum effect, do not be lazy, think up your own example of use. Let it be funny, or ...
https://lineserved.com/name-excretory-products-organs-vertebrates/
Interleukin | Chronic HepatitisInterleukin | Chronic Hepatitis
Liver is among the most important body organs because it participates in the vital functions of a persons body. Detoxification of toxins, generation of glucose, storage of glycogen, breaking down of amino acids, protein formation and generation of digestive juices and bile pigments are top functions performed by liver. In case, the normal functioning of Read more ...
http://chronichepatitis.org/tag/interleukin/
Blood cells - structure and functions - Biology Notes for IGCSE 2014Blood cells - structure and functions - Biology Notes for IGCSE 2014
Old red blood cells are broken down in the liver, spleen and bone marrow. Some of the iron from the Hb is stored, and used for making new Hb, some of it is turned into bile pigment and excreted ...
http://biology-igcse.weebly.com/blood-cells---structure-and-functions.html
Patent US5002609 - Iron oxide black pigment granules, processes for their preparation and their use - Google PatentsPatent US5002609 - Iron oxide black pigment granules, processes for their preparation and their use - Google Patents
A process is disclosed for preparing dispersant-free iron oxide pigment granules by spraying or atomizing an iron oxide black pigment suspension and heating the resulting granules at a temperature of 400 -800 C. The granules are useful for coloring building materials such as concrete.
http://www.google.com/patents/US5002609?dq=5166694
Results of my Liver Flushing so far at Liver Flush Support Forum, message 93776Results of my Liver Flushing so far at Liver Flush Support Forum, message 93776
It has been 1 month since I started liver flushing. Each flush is different as I modify each one as I go... Flush #1: 250 (1-15mm) cholesterol stones Flush #2: 340 (1-20mm) cholesterol stones Flush #3: 20 (1-5mm) cholesterol stones Flush #1 produced 250 black coated stones (with green centers) which I believe were very old and breeding grounds for bacteria. I believe these stones supplied a constant supply of bad bacteria to my body. They had a strong foul odor. Within a day after this flush my body odor disappeared and I now sweat less. My daily bad morning breat ...
https://curezone.com/forums/fmi.asp?i=93776
Farkındalık pratiği: bilinçli solunum tekniği | Hemoroid Tedavi Yöntemleri Videoları
Bir dahaki sefere yorum yaptığımda kullanılmak üzere adımı, e-posta adresimi ve web site adresimi bu tarayıcıya kaydet ...
https://www.hemoroid.site/farkindalik-pratigi-bilincli-solunum-teknigi-5005
Sex and Mischief Leash and Collar - Red - SilkyfireSex and Mischief Leash and Collar - Red - Silkyfire
This soft red collar fastens securely with studs and connects to a strong nylon leash with a sturdy D-ring. Easy on easy off for safety and comfort. Leash extends to 48 inches.
https://silkyfire.com/products/sex-and-mischief-leash-and-collar-red
Urine Bilirubin phagocytic spleen bone marrow red blood cells heme hemoglobin pigment bilirubin glucuronic acid glucose bile...Urine Bilirubin phagocytic spleen bone marrow red blood cells heme hemoglobin pigment bilirubin glucuronic acid glucose bile...
The fixed phagocytic cells of the spleen and bone marrow destroy old red blood cells and convert the heme groups of hemoglobin to the pigment bilirubin. The bilirubin is secreted into the blood and carried to the liver where it is bonded to (conjugated with) glucuronic acid, a derivative of glucose. Some of the conjugated bilirubin is secreted into the blood and the rest is excreted in the bile as bile pigment that passes into the small intestine. The blood normally contains a small amount of free and conjugated bilirubin. Medical Tests Analyzer labtest bloodtest What does the test result mean?
http://smrtx.com/5_4_4_bilirubin.htm
Gallstones Causes Voter Apathy
at your stones is the best herbal remedies to work harder and more and more bile duct at a minimally invasive surgery. fundal gastritis symptoms On the other expensive surgery, the health of gallbladder may gradually reintroducing these greens until they cause of concern, and you can be managed with the hospice nurse. Fat is an effectively with home remedies for gallstone formation is considered healthy in any surgery. My nuclear test showed raised antibodies to work on elements binding bile pigment crystals in kidney. It wasnt upto doing any of the blue I was feling better. In the case of moderate symptoms, even after the surgery was on for more information of urea. Inculcating health has been linked to incorporate new things. The patient is known as gallstones are popular formulas and higher fat dairy products, capsules is the gallbladder cant complain about 10, 000 mg. The New Wellness Revolution: How to investigated by a doctor. Its liver function test limits normal to help make sure to ...
http://diy.healthygallbladder.com/227997/gallstones-causes-voter-apathy/
Black pigment dispersionBlack pigment dispersion
The invention relates to the dispersion of the pigment, in particular the dispersion of black pigment comprising bis-(oxodegradable)benzopyranones the dye, special dispersing agent and an appropriate solvent to the above dispersion, coloring agents and/or dispersing funds in electrophoretic displays, as well as to new bis-(oxodegradable)benzopyranones coloring agents and dispersing agents.. In the application for U.S. patent No. 7002728 B2 presents that the electrophoretic medium, which is at present preferred, includes white particles of titanium oxide and gaseous carbon black, dispersed in a liquid hydrocarbon medium, such hydrocarbon used in its pure form or mixed with chlorinated hydrocarbons or other liquids with low dielectric constant. In the previously used electrophoretic displays, which require a black pigment, for this purpose is also served predominantly gas carbon black; such extensive use of it can be explained by the fact that this material is very cheap and easily obtained in ...
http://russianpatents.com/patent/254/2541013.html
Carbon Black PigmentCarbon Black Pigment
China Carbon Black Pigment manufacturers - Select 2017 high quality Carbon Black Pigment products in best price from certified Chinese Chemical manufacturers, China Pigment suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China.com
http://www.made-in-china.com/products-search/hot-china-products/Carbon_Black_Pigment.html
Heme Oxygenase-1 Detection: ELISAs and AntibodiesHeme Oxygenase-1 Detection: ELISAs and Antibodies
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a microsomal enzyme that degrades heme, a prosthetic group of the heme protein family (e.g., hemoglobin), into the bile pigment biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin, carbon monoxide, and reduced iron. Bilirubin has an anti-inflammatory effect and is part of the oxidative stress response due to its strong free radical scavenging activity, whereas carbon monoxide has a vasodilatory effect on organ blood flow ...
http://www.clontech.com/US/Products/Cell_Biology_and_Epigenetics/Cell_Proliferation_and_Viability/Heme_Oxygenase-1?sitex=10020:22372:US&PEBCL1=zjSgfwItVwkgPgXTDIiLgJk7fa&PEBCL1_pses=ZGDA5926A0884E3B659A91BD6C03C75314F0DD912290C026E1776337865235E3BD84DE34A7C7A118006B622F01CF6C93ED3F262CD98CCD9AFD
Heme Oxygenase-1 Detection: ELISAs and AntibodiesHeme Oxygenase-1 Detection: ELISAs and Antibodies
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a microsomal enzyme that degrades heme, a prosthetic group of the heme protein family (e.g., hemoglobin), into the bile pigment biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin, carbon monoxide, and reduced iron. Bilirubin has an anti-inflammatory effect and is part of the oxidative stress response due to its strong free radical scavenging activity, whereas carbon monoxide has a vasodilatory effect on organ blood flow ...
http://www.clontech.com/US/Products/Cell_Biology_and_Epigenetics/Cell_Proliferation_and_Viability/Heme_Oxygenase-1?sitex=10020:22372:US&PEBCL1=tOvgR2j5j1CExffOHPF3IddJE5&PEBCL1_pses=ZG6A9E7BD35B63293DB856D89B126C4C2430BA80E5023AEC0DD7A15DBD3CB8A56A2279DE7109278AA8257EDC18BF385A5D79CAF0797D2AC258
Gallstones
Gallstones can form in the Gallbladder due to an imbalance in the constituents of bile, therefore predominantly are made of bile pigments and/or cholesterol but are commonly mixed stones. If symptoms do present from gallstones they are usually as a result of complications of gallstones and keyhole surgery is required.
https://www.anupamdixit.co.uk/gallstones/
You searched for calamansi juice for gallstones - All About Diabetes
Gallstones (biliary calculi) are small stones made from cholesterol, bile pigment and calcium salts, which form in the gallbladder, a small sac organ that holds the bile, a digestive juice produced by the liver for breaking down dietary fats. Gallstones do not usually require medical treatment except if starts to cause symptoms such as pain, […]. ...
https://www.allaboutdiabetes.net/search/calamansi-juice-for-gallstones/
Question Of The Day: Gastrointestinal Disorders ~ Nursing ArtQuestion Of The Day: Gastrointestinal Disorders ~ Nursing Art
Explanation: Obstructive jaundice develops when a stone obstructs the flow of bile in the common bile duct. When the flow of bile to the duodenum is blocked, the lack of bile pigments results in a clay-colored stool. In obstructive jaundice, urine tends to be dark amber (not straw-colored) as a result of soluble bilirubin in the urine. Hematocrit levels arent affected by obstructive jaundice. Because obstructive jaundice prevents bilirubin from reaching the intestine (where its converted to urobilinogen), the urine contains no urobilinogen ...
http://www.nursingart.com/2017/03/question-of-day-gastrointestinal.html
More than just jaundice: Mouse study shows bilirubin may protect the brainMore than just jaundice: Mouse study shows bilirubin may protect the brain
In studies in mice, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers report they have found that bilirubin, a bile pigment most commonly known for yellowing the skin of people with jaundice, may play an unexpected role in protecting brain ...
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-jaundice-mouse-bilirubin-brain.html
Jaundice FAQ and Free Check for Early Signs of DiseaseJaundice FAQ and Free Check for Early Signs of Disease
Jaundice is the primary sign of disorders of the liver and biliary system. Jaundice is characterized by skin that takes on a yellowish color, due to accumulation of the yellow-brown bile pigment bilirubin in the blood. It can be caused by an imbalance.
http://www.mindxpansion.com/balance/jaundice.htm
NMR SpectrumNMR Spectrum
ETHYL ANTHRANILATE 87-25-2 NMR spectrum, ETHYL ANTHRANILATE H-NMR spectral analysis, ETHYL ANTHRANILATE C-NMR spectral analysis ect.
http://www.molbase.com/en/hnmr_87-25-2-moldata-13702.html
Conjugated bilirubinConjugated bilirubin
A water-soluble form of bilirubin formed in the liver by the chemical addition of sugar molecules to unconjugated bilirubin; when present in the blood, conjugated bilirubin can become chemically bound to albumin, forming delta-bilirubin (also known as biliprotein ...
https://labtestsonline.org/glossary/conjugated
gemstones Archives - My Blog
Gallbladder gemstones could be the results of numerous things. A couple of from the gemstones are nearly made completely of cholesterol theres also pigment gallstones which contain calcium gemstones and bilirubin thats went by bile. Almost all gallstones, however, are mixed gemstones which imply that they are the consequence of combination of cholesterol and calcium salts. The color in the stone usually notifys you what kind they are. The cholesterol gemstones, for example, have a very eco-friendly, white-colored-colored or yellow coloring. The pigment gallstones are ebony.. Many reasons exist for for your formation of gallbladder gemstones. Common causes are inherited pre-disposition for gallstones, being overweight, a diet plan filled with cholesterol and gender. Women could be impacted by gallstones, because excess estrogen can be a hormone that promotes the development of the gemstones. Especially during pregnancy and hormone remedies are this something to look for, but furthermore if ...
https://www.my-health-n-fitness.com/tag/gemstones/
Causes of Pigment Gallstones | LIVESTRONG.COMCauses of Pigment Gallstones | LIVESTRONG.COM
Gallstones are small hard accumulations of substances within the gallbladder or in the bile duct system. The two most common classifications of gallstones...
https://www.livestrong.com/article/176667-causes-of-pigment-gallstones/
Histonet] unknown Black pigment puzzle
Hello all, We have a skin punch biopsy containing a black pigment we are trying to identify. Negative for Fe Negative for Copper No change with Ammonium Sulfide Remains after melanin bleach Remains after treatment with concentrated Sulfuric acid Remains after treatment with potassium ferricyanide/hypo solution Is removed by treatment in Lugols Iodine, followed by hypo, but after this treatment what appears to be crystals are left in several areas in a linear pattern. These do not appear to be Iodine crystals. The patient did have acupuncture treatment, is it possible this is silver pigment? From the needle? Something else as simple as a splinter? Any help would be greatly appreciated Thank you Rena Fail _______________________________________________ Histonet mailing list [email protected] http://lists.utsouthwestern.edu/mailman/listinfo/histonet ...
http://www.histosearch.com/histonet/Apr05A/HistonetunknownBlackpigme.html
Electron-Density Relaxation and Oppositely Signed Reaction Constants in Dual Substituent Parameter Relationships in...Electron-Density Relaxation and Oppositely Signed Reaction Constants in Dual Substituent Parameter Relationships in...
COMMUNICATIONS M. Wikstrom, K. D. Karlin, N. J. Blackburn, ibid. 1996, ff8,24-34; g) E. I. Solomon, U. M. Sundaram, T. E. Machonkin, Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 25632605. [6] In the absence of azo derivatives 3 highly active benzylic alcohols undergo some aerobic oxidation to the corresponding aldehydes. For example, using 5mol% CuCI.phen, 200mol% K,CO,, benzene, S OT , and bubbling 0, through the reaction mixture, a 60 % conversion ofp-chlorobenzylalcoholinto p-chlorobenzaldehyde can be achieved. Allylic substrates gave much lower conversions (,30%) and aliphatic alcohols are virtually inert under these conditions. No reaction is observed with any of these substrates under anaerobic conditions, in the absence of the azo derivatives 3. 171 The intermediacy of complex 7 in the aeroblc oxidations was supported by the following observations: 1) independently generated hydrazido complex 7 (CuCI.phen/DBADH,/NaH) proved to be unreactive under anaerobic conditions; 2) passing 0, through the reaction mixture ...
https://www.docme.ru/doc/1932420/electron-density-relaxation-and-oppositely-signed-reactio..
TIGRINA d, required for regulating the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles in barley, is an ortholog of the FLU gene of Arabidopsis...TIGRINA d, required for regulating the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles in barley, is an ortholog of the FLU gene of Arabidopsis...
TIGRINA d, required for regulating the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles in barley, is an ortholog of the FLU gene of Arabidopsis ...
https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/handle/20.500.11850/53545
Protonation Heterogeneity Modulates the Ultrafast Photocycle Initiation Dynamics of Phytochrome Cph1 | Chemistry
Simulated 2D electronic spectrum at 9 ps calculated using the DEWI model.A combined effort between the Larsen and Lagarias labs resolved the
https://chemistry.ucdavis.edu/news/protonation-heterogeneity-modulates-ultrafast-photocycle-initiation-dynamics-phytochrome-cph1
Case 5--Image 6
In addition to the black pigment in the interstitium, there are frequent collections of alveolar macrophages filled with black pigment. The pigment is coarsely granular, and particles vary in size. It is not the light-brown pigment found in cigarette smokers, and no birefringent crystals, often seen in such smokers, were found with it. It did not have the coarse, refractile appearance of hemosiderin, and it did not stain with an iron stain. ...
http://pathhsw5m54.ucsf.edu/image56.html
Black Pigment Golden Thermal - Golden AestheticsBlack Pigment Golden Thermal - Golden Aesthetics
Made out of high quality 100% cotton that stretches and shrinks back after a wash. This is Golden Aesthetics Specialty Wash - it is meant to bleed. Not a defect. Please wash in the cold water with like colors. Designed and crafted in Los Angeles, California. Shipped Worldwide. James is 61 / 185cm / 200 lbsWearing Si
https://www.goldenaesthetics.com/products/black-pigment-golden-thermal
Synodontidae: HIIA4
Egg: This egg develops no distinguishing features; but always appears bright and glassy, the clear yolk separating it from several clupeiforms (DIIA1 & DIIA2) of similar size (A). The advanced embryo develops a line of fine black pigment spots down the body, only visible on a white background. Incubation is about 50-55 hours; the eggs in Plate A illustrate the 24-hour development difference. Larva: The early larva has an elongate gut and a myomere count in excess of 45 (B). Four blotches of black pigment, 3 pre-anal and 1 midtail, adorn the 3-4 day larva (C). B: NH, C: 3 days (24 C).. The only synodontid with a smooth-shelled egg listed by both Ikeda & Mito (1988) and Shao et. al. (2001), is S. elongata. The latter authors list S. undosquamis as having a honeycomb pattern on the egg surface. Thirteen hatched larvae have been sequenced, all matching the DNA barcode sequence of 5 locally collected adult S. undosquamis (BOLD). Further larvae will be sequenced to establish whether any other local ...
http://fisheggs-and-larvae.saiab.ac.za/HIIA4%20Saurida%20undosquamis.htm
Unconjugated bilirubinUnconjugated bilirubin
A fat-soluble form of bilirubin that is formed during the initial chemical breakdown of hemoglobin and, while being transported in the blood, is mostly bound to albumin ...
https://labtestsonline.org/glossary/unconjugated
Rugged Ridge Silverado 1500 5/8-Inch D-Ring Shackles - Silver 11235.02Rugged Ridge Silverado 1500 5/8-Inch D-Ring Shackles - Silver 11235.02
FREE SHIPPING! Strong D-Rings. These Rugged Ridge 5/8-inch D-ring Shackles have a wide variety of uses and are made from 5/8 inch galvanized steel. Sold as a pa
https://www.americantrucks.com/chevy-rugged-ridge-58in-d-ring-shackles-pair-0717.html
my alt is 140, ast is 40, and bilirubin is 0.3. i havent spoken with my doctor because the results came directly from the lab....my alt is 140, ast is 40, and bilirubin is 0.3. i havent spoken with my doctor because the results came directly from the lab....
Dr. Anne Eglash answered: Several causes: Your ALT, AST, and bilirubin are liver tests. These can be elevated for many reasons...
https://www.healthtap.com/questions/1378729-my-alt-is-140-ast-is-40-and-bilirubin-is-0-3-i-haven-t-spoken-with-my-doctor-because-the-results/
Glazer discusses nearly coming to blows with players | SportsJournalists.comGlazer discusses nearly coming to blows with players | SportsJournalists.com
Jay Glazer was on ESPN discussing things. He talked about getting nearly getting into a fight with Peyton Manning and also Ben Roethlisberger....
http://www.sportsjournalists.com/forum/threads/glazer-discusses-nearly-coming-to-blows-with-players.101426/
Search of: Recruiting, Not yet recruiting, Available Studies | Nutrition - List Results - ClinicalTrials.govSearch of: Recruiting, Not yet recruiting, Available Studies | Nutrition - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov
The number of patients in each treatment group with conjugated bilirubin levels , 2 mg/dL during the first 28 days of study treatment, confirmed by a second sample collected 7 days after the first ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?recr=Open&cond=%22Nutrition%22&show_rss=Y&sel_rss=mod14
How to lay flag stone on uneven ground | eHow UKHow to lay flag stone on uneven ground | eHow UK
Flagstone is a term for any large flat stone, either cut from a quarry or found naturally. Flagstones may be a variety of rock including sandstone, limestone, quartz and granite and come in many colours.
https://www.ehow.co.uk/how_8221475_lay-flag-stone-uneven-ground.html
Stick On Heavy Duty Tie Out / Tarp Edge / with D-ring - Advanced Outdoor TechnologiesStick On Heavy Duty Tie Out / Tarp Edge / with D-ring - Advanced Outdoor Technologies
Intended to use on Dyneema® Composite Fabric only. The patch will stick to most other synthetic fabrics, but the bond may be substantially weaker. Use at own risk.. HOW TO INSTALL:. Installation steps are summarized in an picture, in the product image gallery.. Before proceeding, wipe the surface of the tarp with rubbing alcohol where the patch will be placed. Let dry for 1 minute. After installation, remember to apply pressure to the patch to strengthen the bond. Ideally this is done with a roller press, but you can just use your fingers/palm to press down for 30 seconds.. ...
https://adotecgear.com/product/tie-out-edge-dring-heavy/
Universal Red D-Ring emergency shackle towing Kit I Truck2goUniversal Red D-Ring emergency shackle towing Kit I Truck2go
Supreme Suspensions Recovery Line brings you the best in quality, durability and safety. Each product is designed to help make towing and recovering your vehicles a breeze. Made of the best materials in each of its classes, our recovery line meets if not exceeds the highest of industry and customer standards.
https://truck2go.co/products/copy-of-universal-galvanized-d-ring-shackle-kit-2-piece
Mononuclear phagocyte systemMononuclear phagocyte system
Formation of bile pigments. Storage of iron. In the liver, Kupffer cells store excess iron from catabolism of heme from the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mononuclear_phagocyte_system
BilirubinBilirubin
Hippocrates discussed bile pigments in two of the four humours in the context of a relationship between yellow and black biles ... Bilirubin is created by the activity of biliverdin reductase on biliverdin, a green tetrapyrrolic bile pigment that is also a ... Thenard suspected the green pigment was caused by impurities derived from mucus of bile. Leopold Gmelin experimented with ... Berk, Paul D.; Berlin, Nathaniel I. (1977). International Symposium on Chemistry and Physiology of Bile Pigments. U.S. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubin
Protoporphyrin IXProtoporphyrin IX
Berk, Paul D.; Berlin, Nathaniel I. (1977). International Symposium on Chemistry and Physiology of Bile Pigments. U.S. ... Barkan, Georg; Schales, Otto (1938). "A Hæmoglobin from Bile Pigment". Nature. 142 (3601): 836-837. Bibcode:1938Natur.142..836B ... A. R. Battersby; C. J. R. Fookes; G. W. J. Matcham; E. McDonald (1980). "Biosynthesis of the pigments of life: formation of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoporphyrin_IX
HemozoinHemozoin
Lemberg R, Legge JW (1949). "Hematin compounds and bile pigments". Interscience, New York. Hempelmann E, Marques HM (September ... "malaria pigment" is, instead, produced by the parasites, as they multiplied within the red blood cell. The link between pigment ... published papers linking the hemoglobin degradation with pigment production, describing the malaria pigment as a form of ... Black-brown pigment was observed by Johann Heinrich Meckel in 1847, in the blood and spleen of a person suffering from insanity ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemozoin
Heme oxygenaseHeme oxygenase
Watson C (1977). "Historical Review of Bilirubin Chemistry". In Berk P (ed.). Chemistry and Physiology of Bile Pigments. p. 5 ... Barkan G, Schales O (November 1938). "A Hæmoglobin from Bile Pigment". Nature. 142 (3601): 836-837. Bibcode:1938Natur.142..836B ... International Symposium on Chemistry and Physiology of Bile Pigments. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public ... International Symposium on Chemistry and Physiology of Bile Pigments. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heme_oxygenase
AplysioviolinAplysioviolin
I. Aplysioviolin, a new bile pigment". Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie. 348 (2): 129-38. doi:10.1515/ ... Other pigments have been similarly extracted from marine animals, including Tyrian purple (6,6-dibromoindigo), from Murex ... Sea hares first consume red algae as nutriment, and extract from it the light-harvesting pigment phycoerythrin, cleaving it to ... Kamio, Michiya; Grimes, Tiphani; Hutchins, Melissa; Van Dam, Robyn; Derby, Charles (July 2010). "The purple pigment ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aplysioviolin
BiliverdinBiliverdin
... (latin for green bile) is a green tetrapyrrolic bile pigment, and is a product of heme catabolism. It is the pigment ... and other bile pigments - has a physiological role in humans has been mounting. Bile pigments such as biliverdin possess ... McPhee, F; Caldera, PS; Bemis, GW; McDonagh, AF; Kuntz, ID; Craik, CS (1996). "Bile pigments as HIV-1 protease inhibitors and ... Bulmer, AC; Ried, K; Blanchfield, JT; Wagner, KH (2008). "The anti-mutagenic properties of bile pigments". Mutation Research. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biliverdin
PorphyrinPorphyrin
Bile pigments are the breakdown products of heme. The following scheme summarizes the biosynthesis of porphyrins, with ... One of the best-known families of porphyrin complexes is heme, the pigment in red blood cells, a cofactor of the protein ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyrin
Heinz FalkHeinz Falk
ISBN 978-0-387-81479-7. Falk, Heinz (1989). The Chemistry of Linear Oligopyrroles and Bile Pigments. Wien, New York: Springer- ... 193, 573 (1990) H. Falk, H. Marko, N. Müller, W. Schmitzberger und H. Stumpe, Reconstitution of Apomyoglobin with Bile Pigments ... The Apomyoglobin Heme Pocket as a Reaction Vessel in Bile Pigment Chemistry. Monatsh. Chem. 121, 903 (1990) H. Falk und H. ... Austria The Chemistry of Linear Oligopyrroles and Bile Pigments Austrian Academy of Sciences, member profile Academic Tree ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinz_Falk
Jöns Jacob BerzeliusJöns Jacob Berzelius
Watson, Cecil J. (1977). Berk, Paul D. (ed.). International Symposium on Chemistry and Physiology of Bile Pigments. U.S. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jöns_Jacob_Berzelius
1,2-Dioxetane1,2-Dioxetane
International Symposium on Chemistry and Physiology of Bile Pigments. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,2-Dioxetane
UrobilinUrobilin
Bile pigment Bilirubin Biliverdin Heme Stercobilin John E. Hall (2016). "The liver as an organ". Guyton and Hall Textbook of ... Bilirubin is then excreted as bile, which is further degraded by microbes present in the large intestine to urobilinogen. Some ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urobilin
PterobilinPterobilin
... is a blue bile pigment found in Nessaea spp., Graphium agamemnon, G. antiphates, G. doson, and G. sarpedon. It is ... Bois-Choussy, Michèle; Barbier, Michel (10 February 1983). "Biosynthesis of the bile pigment sarpedobilin from [14C]pterobilin ... Other blue pigments of animal origin include phorcabilin, used by other butterflies in Graphium and Papilio (specifically P. ... one of only a few blue pigments found in any animal species, as most animals use iridescence to create blue coloration. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pterobilin
Human fecesHuman feces
Bile pigments from the liver give stool its brownish color. If there is decreased bile output, stool is much lighter in color. ... Bile overload is very rare, and not a health threat. Problems as simple as serious diarrhea may cause blood in one's stool. ... Feces can be green due to having large amounts of unprocessed bile in the digestive tract and strong-smelling diarrhea. This ... Human feces ordinarily has a light to dark brown coloration, which results from a combination of bile, and bilirubin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_feces
BilirubinuriaBilirubinuria
It refers to the presence of any bile pigment in the urine. Conjugated bilirubin is detected in urine at bilirubinemia of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubinuria
Fikri AlicanFikri Alican
Alican, Fikri; Hardy, James D. (August 1962). "Lymphatic Transport of Bile Pigments and Alkaline Phosphatase in Experimental ... and Urine After Ligation of the Common Bile Duct". Surgical Forum. 12: 337-339. ISSN 0071-8041. PMID 13860424. Hardy, James D ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikri_Alican
PrasinohaemaPrasinohaema
This condition is caused by an excess buildup of the bile pigment biliverdin. Prasinohaema species have plasma biliverdin ... The benefit provided by the high pigment concentration is unknown, but one possibility is that it protects against malaria. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasinohaema
StercobilinStercobilin
"Bile and Stone Analysis in Two Infants With Brown Pigment Gallstones and Infected Bile". Gastroenterology. 96 (2): 519-523. doi ... Further research is suggested to study the pharmacological efficacy of these pigments. Bile pigment Bilirubin Biliverdin Heme ... Stercobilin is a tetrapyrrolic bile pigment and is one end-product of heme catabolism. It is the chemical responsible for the ... The lack of stercobilin and other bile pigments causes feces to become clay-colored. An analysis of two infants suffering from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stercobilin
George WhippleGeorge Whipple
Later, he studied bile pigments and their production outside the liver by way of bile fistulas at the Hooper Foundation at UC ... the metabolism of bile pigments and iron, the constituents of the bile, and the regeneration of plasma protein, protein ... Bile pigment was not reabsorbed and reused in the production of new red blood cells. The heme moiety of hemoglobin could be ... His research elucidated the route by which bile pigments enter circulation and produce jaundice in various parts of the body. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Whipple
Thomas AddisThomas Addis
Besides his studies in haemophilia, Addis made many contributions to the understanding of bile pigment metabolism. His ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Addis
Gmelins testGmelin's test
... the presence of bile pigments but a negative result does not exclude the presence of small quantities of bile pigments. Erwin ... Gmelin's test is a chemical test used for detecting the presence of bile pigments in urine. It is named after Leopold Gmelin, ... Different coloured rings between the two layers are visible if bile pigments are present as they are oxidised to various ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gmelin's_test
Knorr pyrrole synthesisKnorr pyrrole synthesis
Most of the above-described syntheses have application in the synthesis of porphyrins, bile pigments, and dipyrrins. Knorr, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knorr_pyrrole_synthesis
Georg StädelerGeorg Städeler
He made contributions in his research of uric acid and in his extensive studies of tyrosine and bile pigments. Städeler's book ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Städeler
Bilin (biochemistry)Bilin (biochemistry)
Bilins, bilanes or bile pigments are biological pigments formed in many organisms as a metabolic product of certain porphyrins ... Bilin (also called bilichrome) was named as a bile pigment of mammals, but can also be found in lower vertebrates, ... the chromophore of the photosynthetic pigment phycocyanin, in algae and plants. In plants, bilins also serve as the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilin_(biochemistry)
Hepatocellular carcinomaHepatocellular carcinoma
In well-differentiated forms, tumor cells resemble hepatocytes, form trabeculae, cords, and nests, and may contain bile pigment ... if the tumor produces bile), well circumscribed but not encapsulated. The diffuse type is poorly circumscribed and infiltrates ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma
BiliblanketBiliblanket
Bilirubin is an orange yellow bile pigment that is produced as a byproduct of hemoglobin as red blood cells break down ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biliblanket
Crigler-Najjar syndromeCrigler-Najjar syndrome
Bile is pigmented, instead of pale in type I or dark as normal, and monoconjugates constitute the largest fraction of bile ... Conjugated bilirubin is more water-soluble and is excreted in bile. This is a very rare disease (estimated at 0.6-1.0 per ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crigler–Najjar_syndrome
Rosenbachs testRosenbach's test
In the presence of bile, the characteristic bile pigment colours appear (a yellow spot with rings of red, violet, blue and ... Rosenbach's test is a qualitative medical test to detect the presence of bile in urine. To carry out the test, the urine is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosenbach's_test
Papilio protenorPapilio protenor
... the bile pigment from the blue chromoprotein was found in the brown pupae, but with a lower percentage than in the green ones. ... The green pigment is described as a "insectoverdin" type, which means it is a mixture of yellow and blue chromoproteins. The ... doi: 10.1016/0022-1910(80)90108-0 Ohnishi, E. (1959). Pigment composition in the pupal cuticles of two colour types of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papilio_protenor
PyrrolePyrrole
Common naturally produced molecules containing pyrroles include vitamin B12, bile pigments like bilirubin and biliverdin, and ... "DPP Pigments,Diketopyrrolopyrrole Pigments,DPP Pigments Wholesaler,Diketopyrrolopyrrole Pigments Suppliers". dyes-pigments. ... Pyrroles are used as lightfast red, scarlet, and carmine pigments. Structural analogs of pyrrole include: Pyrroline, a ... Kaur, Matinder; Choi, Dong Hoon (2015). "Diketopyrrolopyrrole: brilliant red pigment dye-based fluorescent probes and their ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrrole
GlycolysisGlycolysis
Bile. pigments Hemes Cobalamins (vitamin B12) Various. vitamin Bs Calciferols. (vitamin D) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis
Gallbladder diseaseGallbladder disease
Estrogens increase cholesterol secretion and diminish bile salt secretion, while progestins act by reducing bile salt secretion ... For black pigment gallstones, changes in heme metabolism or bilirubin absorption lead to increased bilirubin concentrations and ... leading to the contraction and release of bile into the bile ducts. Other hormones allow for the relaxation and further storing ... This hormone causes bile release from the gallbladder.[19]. *Postcholecystectomy syndrome (cholesterosis, hydrops, perforation ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallbladder_disease
HagfishHagfish
2016), "Pigmented anatomy in Carboniferous cyclostomes and the evolution of the vertebrate eye.", Proc. R. Soc. B, 283 (1836): ... Hypothetically, they excrete ions in bile salts.[39]. Musculoskeletal systemEdit. Hagfish musculature differs from jawed ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagfish
NeoplasmNeoplasm
Bile acids, at high levels in the colons of humans eating a high fat diet, also cause DNA damage and contribute to colon cancer ... pigment Hemosiderin. Lipochrome/Lipofuscin. Melanin. Steatosis. Anatomical pathology. *Surgical pathology. *Cytopathology. * ... "Carcinogenicity of deoxycholate, a secondary bile acid". Arch. Toxicol. 85 (8): 863-71. doi:10.1007/s00204-011-0648-7. PMC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumour
NeoplasmNeoplasm
Bile acids, at high levels in the colons of humans eating a high fat diet, also cause DNA damage and contribute to colon cancer ... pigment Hemosiderin. Lipochrome/Lipofuscin. Melanin. Steatosis. Anatomical pathology. *Surgical pathology. *Cytopathology. * ... "Carcinogenicity of deoxycholate, a secondary bile acid". Arch. Toxicol. 85 (8): 863-71. doi:10.1007/s00204-011-0648-7. PMC ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasia
Modri glavinec - Wikipedija, prosta enciklopedijaModri glavinec - Wikipedija, prosta enciklopedija
Shiono M; Matsugaki N; Takeda K (2005). "Structure of the blue cornflower pigment". Nature. 436 (7052): 791. doi:10.1038/ ... Razlog za ogroženost te rastline je uporaba herbicidov na njivah, ki so bile v preteklosti najbolj pogosto rastišče modrega ...
https://sl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modri_glavinec
MetabolismMetabolism
Reaction centers are classified into two types depending on the nature of photosynthetic pigment present, with most ... bile, or faeces. Ibn al-Nafis described metabolism in his 1260 AD work titled Al-Risalah al-Kamiliyyah fil Siera al-Nabawiyyah ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolism
Ivan Tarkhanov (physiologist)Ivan Tarkhanov (physiologist)
He described the formation of bile pigments in animals and humans (1874) and was one of the first to show (1871) the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Tarkhanov_(physiologist)
Bilirubin glucuronideBilirubin glucuronide
... human bile along with a little amount of unconjugated bilirubin as much as only 1 to 4 percent of total pigments in normal bile ... That means up to 96%-99% of bilirubin in the bile are conjugated. Normally, there is just a little conjugated bilirubin escapes ... However, only the latter one is primarily excreted into the bile in the normal setting. Upon macrophages spot and phagocytize ... In case of hyperbilirubinemia due to intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts blockage, e.g. gallstone, the name is given as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilirubin_glucuronide
HemeHeme
... s are most commonly recognized as components of hemoglobin, the red pigment in blood, but are also found in a number of ... This form of bilirubin is excreted from the liver in bile. Excretion of bilirubin from liver to biliary canaliculi is an active ... Battersby, Alan R. (2000). "Tetrapyrroles: The pigments of life". Natural Product Reports. 17 (6): 507-526. doi:10.1039/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heme
CholestasisCholestasis
Bile infarcts are marked by a large amount of pigmented tissue surrounded by a ring of necrotic hepatocytes. In some cases, ... Bile is secreted by the liver to aid in the digestion of fats. Bile formation begins in bile canaliculi that form between two ... Bile canaliculi dynamics refers to the contractile motion of bile canaliculi (ducts) required for bile flow. Cholestasis can ... into bile canaliculi where it forms micelles with bile salts to prevent the latter from damaging luminal epithelium. Bile flow ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholestasis
Erythropoietic protoporphyriaErythropoietic protoporphyria
However, it is known to alter the composition of bile, to protect hepatocytes from the cytotoxic effect of hydrophobic bile ... Using polarized light the characteristic Maltese cross shape of birefringent crystalline pigment deposits is found. The ... Some protoporphyrin in bile is returned to the liver as a consequence of the enterohepatic circulation; the remaining ... Several drugs are used off label by patients with EPP: Ursodeoxycholic acid is a bile acid that is administered to promote ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythropoietic_protoporphyria
Radiation therapyRadiation therapy
Atrophy, fibrosis and vascular changes produce malabsorption, diarrhea, steatorrhea and bleeding with bile acid diarrhea and ... pigmented villonodular synovitis, and prevention of keloid scar growth, vascular restenosis, and heterotopic ossification. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_therapy
BatokBatok
The wounds are then rubbed with pigment. They differ from the techniques which use points in that the process also produces ... or even pig bile. The artists also commonly traced an outline of the designs on the skin with the ink, using pieces of string ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batok
List of OMIM disorder codesList of OMIM disorder codes
FREM1 Bile acid malabsorption, primary; 613291; SLC10A2 Bile acid synthesis defect, congenital, 2; 235555; AKR1D1 Bile acid ... LAMB2 Pigmented adrenocortical disease, primary, 1; 610489; PRKAR1A Pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, primary, 2; ... 610475; PDE11A Pigmented paravenous chorioretinal atrophy; 172870; CRB1 Pilomatricoma; 132600; CTNNB1 Pitt-Hopkins-like ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_OMIM_disorder_codes
PhycobilinPhycobilin
... and are structurally similar to the bile pigment bilirubin, which explains the name. (Bilirubin's conformation is also affected ... They are unique among the photosynthetic pigments in that they are bonded to certain water-soluble proteins, known as ... Phycobilins (from Greek: φύκος (phykos) meaning "alga", and from Latin: bilis meaning "bile") are light-capturing bilins found ... Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Photosynthetic pigments, Tetrapyrroles, Fluorescent dyes). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phycobilin
Kayser-Fleischer ringKayser-Fleischer ring
Other causes of KF rings are cholestasis (obstruction of the bile ducts), primary biliary cirrhosis and "cryptogenic" cirrhosis ... synd/1758 at Who Named It? Gerlach W, Rohrschneider W (1934). "Besteht das Pigment des Kayser-Fleischerschen Hornhautringes aus ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayser–Fleischer_ring
Fascioloides magnaFascioloides magna
The hematin pigment is produced by flukes as a byproduct of feeding on blood. Pigment within tissues is a result of migrating ... The capsule contains a great mass of eggs and has duct connections to bile ducts. The eggs are passed together with bile into ... black pigment, and cell detritus. The liver lesions are infiltrated by eosinophils, plasma cells, and pigment-laden macrophages ... Both afferent and efferent bile ducts are totally occluded and are marked by tracts of fibrous tissue. The eggs can not be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fascioloides_magna
Stem cell markerStem cell marker
April 2003). "A novel function for Hedgehog signalling in retinal pigment epithelium differentiation". Development. 130 (8): ... "Hematopoietic stem cell markers are expressed by ductal plate and bile duct cells in developing human liver". Hepatology. 21 (6 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_marker
BilinBilin
... a type of biological pigment with a tetrapyrrole structure, for example found in bile Bil'in, a Palestinian village in the West ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilin
List of MeSH codes (D03)List of MeSH codes (D03)
... bile pigments MeSH D03.383.129.578.840.249.184 - bilirubin MeSH D03.383.129.578.840.249.184.200 - biliverdine MeSH D03.383. ... bile pigments MeSH D03.549.909.249.184 - bilirubin MeSH D03.549.909.249.184.200 - biliverdine MeSH D03.549.909.249.727 - ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D03)
List of MeSH codes (C04)List of MeSH codes (C04)
... bile duct neoplasms MeSH C04.588.274.120.250.250 - common bile duct neoplasms MeSH C04.588.274.120.401 - gallbladder neoplasms ... pigmented MeSH C04.557.665.560.615.530 - mongolian spot MeSH C04.557.665.560.615.550 - nevus, blue MeSH C04.557.665.560.615.585 ... bile duct MeSH C04.557.470.035.095 - adenoma, chromophobe MeSH C04.557.470.035.100 - adenoma, islet cell MeSH C04.557.470.035. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(C04)
Vancomycin-resistant EnterococcusVancomycin-resistant Enterococcus
For inoculating peri-rectal/anal swabs or stool specimens directly, one method uses bile esculin azide agar plates containing 6 ... recommends performing a vancomycin MIC test and also motility and pigment production tests to distinguish species with acquired ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancomycin-resistant_Enterococcus
JaundiceJaundice
... is caused by a blockage of bile ducts that transport bile containing conjugated bilirubin out of the liver for excretion. This ... The next step is the reduction of biliverdin to a yellow color tetrapyrrole pigment called bilirubin by cytosolic enzyme ... probably by rupture of the congested bile canaliculi and direct emptying of the bile into the lymph exiting the liver. Thus, ... is due to the blockage of bile excretion from the biliary tract, which leads to increased conjugated bilirubin and bile salts ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaundice
Arsenic biochemistryArsenic biochemistry
A topical source of arsenic are the green pigments once popular in wallpapers, e.g. Paris green. A variety of illness have been ... which removes the arsenic out of the cell and into bile for excretion. This adduct can also decompose back into inorganic ... produced by microbial action on arsenate-derived pigments Arsenic-containing ribose derivatives (R = several groups) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic_biochemistry
Bile pigments - LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies | Library of Congress
The Linked Data Service provides access to commonly found standards and vocabularies promulgated by the Library of Congress. This includes data values and the controlled vocabularies that house them. Datasets available include LCSH, BIBFRAME, LC Name Authorities, LC Classification, MARC codes, PREMIS vocabularies, ISO language codes, and more.
https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85014017.html
The anti-mutagenic properties of bile pigmentsThe anti-mutagenic properties of bile pigments
... research probing the physiological relevance of bile pigments has been mounting, with evidence to suggest bile pigments possess ... research probing the physiological relevance of bile pigments has been mounting, with evidence to suggest bile pigments possess ... In the past, bile pigments and bilirubin in particular were thought of as useless by-products of heme catabolism that can be ... In the past, bile pigments and bilirubin in particular were thought of as useless by-products of heme catabolism that can be ...
https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au/handle/10072/27411
RTECS:AS1050000 - Acrolein - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSHRTECS:AS1050000 - Acrolein - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH
Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Porphyrin including bile pigments. VCVGK* -,385,1994. inhalation/rat lowest published ...
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/AS100590.html
Bile Salt and pigment - Simira DiagnosticsBile Salt and pigment - Simira Diagnostics
Not sure which tests to take? Share your prescription with us and our team will call you to book tests for you.. ...
https://simiradiagnostics.com/product/bile-salt-and-pigment/
IMSEAR at SEARO: Observations on bile pigment in urine as an indicator of the progress of non-haemolytic jaundice.
AGARWAL KL, GUPTA SP, KUMAR A. Observations on bile pigment in urine as an indicator of the progress of non-haemolytic jaundice ... Observations on bile pigment in urine as an indicator of the progress of non-haemolytic jaundice. ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/100950
Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)Advanced Search Results - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)
Categories: Bile Pigments Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted 1 ...
https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Bile+Pigments&parentid=42595&catid=4308
Choledocholithiasis: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaCholedocholithiasis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
The stone may be made up of bile pigments or calcium and cholesterol salts. ... Choledocholithiasis is the presence of at least one gallstone in the common bile duct. ... The stone may be made up of bile pigments or calcium and cholesterol salts. ... About 1 in 7 people with gallstones will develop stones in the common bile duct. This is the small tube that carries bile from ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000274.htm
Bile and Stone Analysis in Two Infants With Brown Pigment Gallstones and Infected Bile<...Bile and Stone Analysis in Two Infants With Brown Pigment Gallstones and Infected Bile<...
Bile and Stone Analysis in Two Infants With Brown Pigment Gallstones and Infected Bile. / Treem, William R.; Malet, Peter F.; ... Bile and Stone Analysis in Two Infants With Brown Pigment Gallstones and Infected Bile. In: Gastroenterology. 1989 ; Vol. 96, ... Bile and Stone Analysis in Two Infants With Brown Pigment Gallstones and Infected Bile. Gastroenterology. 1989;96(2):519-523. ... Dive into the research topics of Bile and Stone Analysis in Two Infants With Brown Pigment Gallstones and Infected Bile. ...
https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/bile-and-stone-analysis-in-two-infants-with-brown-pigment-gallsto
Chromhidrosis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical ExaminationChromhidrosis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination
Kanzaki T, Tsuda J. Bile pigment deposition at sweat pores of patients with liver disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992 Apr. 26(4): ... Eccrine Chromhidrosis Resembling Clinical Features of Pompholyx with Bile-Like Greenish Pigmentation on the Right Palm and ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1072254-clinical
Heat shock proteins and hormesis in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases | SpringerLinkHeat shock proteins and hormesis in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases | SpringerLink
Stocker R. Antioxidant activities of bile pigments. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2004;6(5):841-9. ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12979-015-0046-8
Explanation of Blood Studies - HomeExplanation of Blood Studies - Home
Total Bilirubin is a bile pigment. When bilirubin levels are high, a condition called jaundice occurs, and further testing is ... Values for pregnant women, those with bile duct obstruction or Celiac disease have been found to be elevated, however low ... It may also mean that the liver is incapable of adequately removing bilirubin in a timely manner due to blockage of bile ducts ...
https://baysport.com/my-front-page/preventive-medicine/explanation-of-blood-studies/
Free Medical Flashcards about Chapter 9Free Medical Flashcards about Chapter 9
bile pigments. Substances derived from the breakdown of hemoglobin, produced by the liver, and excreted in the form of bile. ...
https://www.studystack.com/flashcard-2549096
Search Ageing-Associated Genes in Model OrganismsSearch Ageing-Associated Genes in Model Organisms
Bile Pigment Transporter. Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Anti-Longevity 20% BPT1. 855787. BRE5. Bre5p. Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ...
https://genomics.senescence.info/genes/search.php?organism=Saccharomyces+cerevisiae&show=4
Understanding Lab Values | Resources | Transplant Services | Henry Ford Health - Detroit, MIUnderstanding Lab Values | Resources | Transplant Services | Henry Ford Health - Detroit, MI
A bile pigment in the blood. It is a breakdown product of hemoglobin. An increase may reflect the breakdown of the red blood ...
https://www.henryford.com/services/transplant/resources/lab-values
Jaundice: Causes, symptoms, and treatmentsJaundice: Causes, symptoms, and treatments
biliverdin, the green pigment present in bile.. Jaundice can develop in people of all ages and is normally the result of an ... Jaundice frequently indicates a problem with the liver or bile ducts. When the liver is not working properly, it can cause a ... a blockage in the bile ducts and gallbladder. *Crigler-Najjar syndrome, a condition that affects the enzymes that process ...
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165749
IndexCatIndexCat
Dermographism Urticaria Differential DiagnosesDermographism Urticaria Differential Diagnoses
Yellow dermographism - This probably results from bile pigment deposits in the skin ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1050294-differential
Vitamin K | Encyclopedia.com
Bilirubin- When gathered in large amounts, this water insoluble pigment occures in bile and blood. ...
https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/anatomy-and-physiology/anatomy-and-physiology/vitamin-k
WHO EMRO | Viral hepatitis E outbreak in Al-Sadr city, Baghdad, Iraq | Volume 16, issue 11 | EMHJ volume 16, 2010
Jaundice was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by laboratory tests (high serum bilirubin and positive urine bile pigments). ...
https://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-16-2010/volume-16-issue-11/article-04.html
Drug Information Portal - U.S. National Library of Medicine - Quick Access to Quality Drug Information
A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME. Categories:. * Info Antioxidants ...
https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/rn/635-65-4
Registration Dossier - ECHARegistration Dossier - ECHA
Bile pigments, Urobilinogen, Blood pigments. Using a Roche P Modular Analyzer: Protein, Creatinine, Glucose, Sodium, Potassium ... Following the recovery period bile acids were still lower for males that received 7500 ppm compared to concurrent Controls ... A statistically significant reduction in bile acids was apparent amongst males and females receiving 3500 and 7500 ppm, however ... Bile acids, Urea, Creatinine, Glucose, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Chloride (Cl), Calcium (Ca ...
https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/22547/7/6/1
Common Characteristics of Liver Disease - AHealthyMe - Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts
This occurs when you have very high levels of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood. Urine is often dark because the bilirubin ... Cholestasis means any condition in which bile flow is slowed or stopped. Chole refers to bile and stasis means not moving. Bile ... High levels of bilirubin may be linked to inflammation, other problems of the liver cells, or blocked bile ducts. Sometimes ...
https://www.ahealthyme.com/Library/Encyclopedia/85,P00664
Green Puppy Born to Golden RetrieverGreen Puppy Born to Golden Retriever
According to a 2014 article in TIME, veterinarians believe that exposure to biliverdin - a green bile pigment found in the ...
https://people.com/pets/green-puppy-golden-retriever-scotland/
Hemoglobin and Myoglobin in Urine in Cats | PetMDHemoglobin and Myoglobin in Urine in Cats | PetMD
... and also carries the pigment that causes the blood to appear red. The destruction of blood cells within the blood vessels frees ... Bilirubin is a red-yellow bile pigment that comes from the degradation of the red pigment (heme) in hemoglobin; too much ... Hemoglobin serves to carry oxygen to the tissues, and also carries the pigment that causes the blood to appear red. The ...
https://www.petmd.com/cat/conditions/cardiovascular/c_ct_hemoglobinuria_myoglobinuria
MH DELETED MN ADDED MNMH DELETED MN ADDED MN
Bile Acids and Salts D4.808.105 D4.210.500.105 Bile Pigments D3.549.909.249 D3.633.400.909.249 Bilirubin D3.549.909.249.184 ... Pigmented Villonodular C5.550.870.890 C4.557.450.565.380.690.500 C5.550.870.445.500 C5.651.869.762.500 Synucleins D12.776. ...
https://decs.bvs.br/E/mnchg2017.txt
Do Fish Poop? | (Spoiler) Yep, they do it discreetly! - EnviroMomDo Fish Poop? | (Spoiler) Yep, they do it discreetly! - EnviroMom
The undigested food, along with bacteria, mucus, bile pigments, etc. get passed out in the form of feces. ...
https://enviromom.com/do-fish-poop/
Maritime health: What is the Gallstone and Gallbladder disease? How to treat it?Maritime health: What is the Gallstone and Gallbladder disease? How to treat it?
Gallstones are formed when substances, such as cholesterol, bile pigments and/or calcium salts, harden into a solid form. When ... Its main purpose within the body is to store and concentrate bile, which is produced by the liver to help digest fats. Bile is ... The bile is stored in the gallbladder and, over time, becomes more concentrated, which makes it better at digesting fats. The ... gallbladder releases bile into the digestive system when it is needed.. ...
https://www.bs-shipmanagement.com/media-centre/bsm-insight/maritime-health-what-is-the-gallstone-and-gallbladder-disease-how-to-treat-it/
DuctsJaundiceGallbladderDuctBiliverdinGallstonesFlow of bileBiliaryHemoglobinSaltsSmall intestinePigmentationHEMECholesterolBacteriaFound in bileObstructionPresent in bileFatsAcidsBrown pigmentSubstancesDigestiveDepositionColourDegradationDigestionYellowishGreenishOccurs naturallyBloodstreamMoleculesAntioxidantInfantsStasisCholestasisStonesEnzymeSphincterYellowResistant
Ducts17
  • Fogel EL, Sherman S. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It may also mean that the liver is incapable of adequately removing bilirubin in a timely manner due to blockage of bile ducts, liver diseases (such as cirrhosis, acute hepatitis), or inherited problems with bilirubin handling. (baysport.com)
  • Jaundice frequently indicates a problem with the liver or bile ducts. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • High levels of bilirubin may be linked to inflammation, other problems of the liver cells, or blocked bile ducts. (ahealthyme.com)
  • Bile is passed from the liver into the gallbladder through a series of channels known as bile ducts. (bs-shipmanagement.com)
  • Posthepatic jaundice (obstructive jaundice), is caused by a blockage of bile ducts that transport bile containing conjugated bilirubin out of the liver for excretion . (drk-schluechtern.de)
  • Post-hepatic, or obstructive jaundice, happens when bilirubin can't be drained properly into the bile ducts or digestive tract because of a blockage. (drk-schluechtern.de)
  • The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped, muscular storage sac that holds bile and is interconnected to the liver by ducts known as the biliary tract. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Bile flows out of the liver through the left and right hepatic ducts, which come together to form the common hepatic duct. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Gallstones may form in the gallbladder or bile ducts. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Development of the liver schistosomiasis schistosomiasis 10 bile ducts. (eng2ro.ro)
  • Half the bile produced runs directly from the liver into the duodenum via a system of ducts, ultimately draining into the common bile duct (CBD). (medscape.com)
  • In response to a meal, this bile is released from the gallbladder via the cystic duct, which joins the hepatic ducts from the liver to form the CBD. (medscape.com)
  • Extrahepatic obstruction to the flow of bile may occur within the ducts or secondary to external compression. (medscape.com)
  • Mononucleosis, cirrhosis and hepatitis can all cause liver damage and elevated bilirubin levels, as can diseases that block the bile ducts, including pancreatic cancer and gallstones. (websiteperu.com)
  • Considering that bile is a vehicle for removing toxic chemicals such as bile pigments, heavy metals, drugs, medicines, and poisons from the body, and that the bile ducts and gall bladder often harbor parasites, no there is no doubt that the Sphincter of Oddi is an easy target for irritation. (lifeabove11.com)
  • Biliary - Pertainting to the bile, to the bile ducts or to the gallbladder. (creighton.edu)
Jaundice8
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Observations on bile pigment in urine as an indicator of the progress of non-haemolytic jaundice. (who.int)
  • In post-hepatic jaundice or obstructive jaundice, there is an impediment to the flow of bile due to a partial or complete obstruction of the extrahepatic biliary passage between the liver and duodenum. (drk-schluechtern.de)
  • Obstructive jaundice is a specific type of jaundice, where symptoms develop due to a narrowed or blocked bile duct or pancreatic duct, preventing the normal drainage of bile from the bloodstream into the intestines . (drk-schluechtern.de)
  • This is a list of conditions that can cause posthepatic jaundice: Choledocholithiasis (common bile duct gallstones). (drk-schluechtern.de)
  • Jaundice is caused by the build up of bilirubin, a pigment caused by the slowdown of bile production. (healthymummy.com)
  • Jaundice occurs when there is too much bilirubin (a yellow pigment) in the blood-a condition called hyperbilirubinemia. (msdmanuals.com)
  • When a higher than normal number of red blood cells are broken down, bilirubin levels build up, creating a yellow pigment (also called jaundice). (eyemichigan.com)
  • Infant jaundice occurs because the baby's blood contains an excess of bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin), a yellow-colored pigment of red blood cells . (findmeacure.com)
Gallbladder14
  • Neither infant had any congenital anatomic abnormality of the biliary tract leading to stasis, yet both had cultures of gallbladder bile that grew abundant bacteria. (umn.edu)
  • In both, recovery of gallbladder bile and sludge or actual stones allowed a detailed analysis of bile and stone composition. (umn.edu)
  • In both cases, unconjugated bilirubin accounted for a large percentage of the total bile biliary pigments measured, and stercobilin was present in gallbladder bile. (umn.edu)
  • This is the small tube that carries bile from the gallbladder to the intestine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The bile is stored in the gallbladder and, over time, becomes more concentrated, which makes it better at digesting fats. (bs-shipmanagement.com)
  • The gallbladder releases bile into the digestive system when it is needed. (bs-shipmanagement.com)
  • This duct then joins with a duct connected to the gallbladder, called the cystic duct, to form the common bile duct. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The rest of the bile is diverted through the cystic duct into the gallbladder to be stored. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In the gallbladder, up to 90% of the water in bile is absorbed into the bloodstream, making the remaining bile very concentrated. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Bile then flows from the gallbladder into the small intestine to mix with food contents and perform its digestive functions. (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, gallstones may block the flow of bile from the gallbladder, causing pain (biliary colic) or inflammation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Some doctors will also do an ultrasound of the gallbladder to check for gallstones as this can also cause a bile blockage. (healthymummy.com)
  • Biliary obstruction refers to the blockage of any duct that carries bile from the liver to the gallbladder or from the gallbladder to the small intestine. (medscape.com)
  • Bile is stored in the gallbladder and pancreatic juice is stored in the pancreas. (lifeabove11.com)
Duct11
  • Choledocholithiasis is the presence of at least one gallstone in the common bile duct. (medlineplus.gov)
  • About 1 in 7 people with gallstones will develop stones in the common bile duct. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Often, there are no symptoms unless the stone blocks the common bile duct. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Values for pregnant women, those with bile duct obstruction or Celiac disease have been found to be elevated, however low values are probably not significant. (baysport.com)
  • The common bile duct enters the small intestine at the sphincter of Oddi (a ring-shaped muscle), located a few inches below the stomach. (msdmanuals.com)
  • About half the bile secreted between meals flows directly through the common bile duct into the small intestine. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It may be due to carcinoma of the head of the pancreas involving the opening of the bile duct into the duodenum. (emedicinal.com)
  • These are excreted out by liver cells from blood and secreted into the bile juice poured into the duodenum by common bile duct. (articlesbazar.com)
  • It comes from the main bile duct and is a reservoir which stores bile. (drtapanshah.in)
  • If a small amount of bile enters the pancreatic duct, serious problems can occur. (lifeabove11.com)
  • A number of medical conditions may contribute to yellow eyes including liver problems and gall bladder and bile duct complications. (eyemichigan.com)
Biliverdin5
  • Bile pigments, including bilirubin and biliverdin, are endogenous compounds belonging to the porphyrin family of molecules. (edu.au)
  • The green color occurs due to biliverdin, the green pigment present in bile. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • According to a 2014 article in TIME , veterinarians believe that exposure to biliverdin - a green bile pigment found in the placenta - may be the cause. (people.com)
  • What is biliverdin pigment? (locke-movie.com)
  • Biliverdin (latin for green bile) is a green tetrapyrrolic bile pigment, and is a product of heme catabolism. (locke-movie.com)
Gallstones3
  • Analysis of stone morphology and composition showed characteristics of brown pigment gallstones with a layered appearance and the presence of calcium palmitate. (umn.edu)
  • This is the first report of detailed bile and stone analysis in infants and supports the hypothesis that brown pigment gallstones form spontaneously in infants who have bacterial infections in the biliary tract. (umn.edu)
  • Gallstones are formed when substances, such as cholesterol, bile pigments and/or calcium salts, harden into a solid form. (bs-shipmanagement.com)
Flow of bile3
  • It occurs when the flow of bile from your liver is reduced or blocked. (drk-schluechtern.de)
  • The hormones oestrogen upset the liver, slowing or stopping the flow of bile into the intestines. (healthymummy.com)
  • The sphincter of Oddi, named after Ruggero Oddi, an Italian anatomist who described this structure in 1887, is the muscular valve that regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic fluid into the duodenum (beginning of the small intestine). (lifeabove11.com)
Biliary2
  • The major signs and symptoms of biliary obstruction result directly from the accumulation of bilirubin and bile salts in the blood and the failure of bile to reach its proper destination. (medscape.com)
  • There may be problems with the liver, such as biliary atresia, in which the tubes that drain bile from the liver are blocked. (findmeacure.com)
Hemoglobin4
  • Hemoglobin serves to carry oxygen to the tissues, and also carries the pigment that causes the blood to appear red. (petmd.com)
  • Bilirubin is a pigment that results from the breakdown of the heme portion of hemoglobin. (drk-schluechtern.de)
  • Bilirubin is a waste product that is formed from hemoglobin (the protein that carries oxygen in the blood) and is excreted in bile. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia can result from increased production, impaired conjugation, or impaired hepatic uptake of bilirubin, a yellow bile pigment produced from hemoglobin during erythrocyte destruction. (medscape.com)
Salts9
  • The stone may be made up of bile pigments or calcium and cholesterol salts. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Bile salts aid in digestion by making cholesterol, fats, and fat-soluble vitamins easier to absorb from the intestine. (msdmanuals.com)
  • After bile enters and passes down the small intestine, about 90% of bile salts are reabsorbed into the bloodstream through the wall of the lower small intestine. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The liver extracts these bile salts from the blood and resecretes them back into the bile. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Bile salts go through this cycle about 10 to 12 times a day. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Each time, small amounts of bile salts escape absorption and reach the large intestine, where they are broken down by bacteria. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Some bile salts are reabsorbed in the large intestine. (msdmanuals.com)
  • are hard masses that form when there is too much cholesterol (most common type of stone), too much bilirubin, or not enough bile salts. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It contains cholesterol and waste products, such as bilirubin and bile salts, which aid in the digestion of fats. (medscape.com)
Small intestine1
  • bile can move directly from the liver to the small intestine. (msdmanuals.com)
Pigmentation1
  • Eccrine Chromhidrosis Resembling Clinical Features of Pompholyx with Bile-Like Greenish Pigmentation on the Right Palm and Soles. (medscape.com)
HEME2
  • In the past, bile pigments and bilirubin in particular were thought of as useless by-products of heme catabolism that can be toxic if they accumulate. (edu.au)
  • A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME. (nih.gov)
Cholesterol3
  • Bile was not saturated with cholesterol. (umn.edu)
  • Bile contains: Mostly cholesterol. (locke-movie.com)
  • Stones in the Gall bladder occurs from the bile and they are mainly cholesterol material or fatty material which hardens, sometimes it contains bile or calcium pigments. (drtapanshah.in)
Bacteria1
  • The undigested food, along with bacteria, mucus, bile pigments, etc. get passed out in the form of feces. (enviromom.com)
Found in bile2
Obstruction1
  • It may be caused by obstruction of bile passageways, excess destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis), or disturbances in functioning of liver cells. (emedicinal.com)
Present in bile1
  • QUESTION 5- Which salt of sodium present in bile salt makes the food alkaline? (edurev.in)
Fats4
  • Its main purpose within the body is to store and concentrate bile, which is produced by the liver to help digest fats. (bs-shipmanagement.com)
  • Bile is fluid produced by your liver that aids in the digestion of food, especially fats. (drk-schluechtern.de)
  • The bile helps in the digestion/breakdown of fats. (findatopdoc.com)
  • It also supports production of bile and enzymes that digest sugars and fats. (healthywithjodi.com)
Acids3
Brown pigment2
  • The 2 strains produced a brown pigment after 2 weeks' incubation on sheep blood agar plates (bioMérieux). (cdc.gov)
  • however, the cellular fatty acid composition dominated by iso -C15:0 and production of brown pigment on media containing hemolyzed blood suggested that the organism was most closely related to the genus Porphyromonas ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Substances1
Digestive1
  • Bile can activate digestive enzymes within the pancreas, and these enzymes begin to digest their own pancreatic cells, causing pain, congestion, inflammation, and even death of pancreatic tissue. (lifeabove11.com)
Deposition2
  • Kanzaki T, Tsuda J. Bile pigment deposition at sweat pores of patients with liver disease. (medscape.com)
  • A condition characterized by yellowness of skin and whites of eyes, mucous membranes, and body fluids due to deposition of bile pigment resulting from excess bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinanemia). (emedicinal.com)
Colour1
  • 15) In red wines there are usually sufficient adsorbed tannins and pigmented tannins to colour the crystals reddish brown and to ensure that they are small and irregular in shape. (english-punjabi.net)
Degradation1
  • PURPOSE: Bilirubin is the principal bile pigment, and is a normal product of red cell degradation. (locke-movie.com)
Digestion1
  • Bile assists the breakdown of foods after digestion and helps the body absorb nutrients. (healthymummy.com)
Yellowish1
  • Bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin) is a yellowish pigment that is made during the breakdown of red blood cells. (websiteperu.com)
Greenish2
  • Bile is a greenish yellow, thick, sticky fluid. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It is the pigment responsible for a greenish color sometimes seen in bruises. (locke-movie.com)
Occurs naturally1
  • 2) the loss of pigment in the skin (3) Lycopene is a red pigment that occurs naturally in certain plant and algal tissues. (english-punjabi.net)
Bloodstream1
  • When the liver slows, decreasing the release of bile, toxins build up in the bloodstream causing obstetric cholestasis. (healthymummy.com)
Molecules1
  • DPY-0801, CAS#68500-80-1, is a useful intermediate for chemical synthesis of a number of biologically important molecules, including porphyrins, bile pigments, photosensitizers, anticancer drugs. (medkoo.com)
Antioxidant3
  • However, in the past 20 years, research probing the physiological relevance of bile pigments has been mounting, with evidence to suggest bile pigments possess significant antioxidant and anti-mutagenic properties. (edu.au)
  • 4) This carotenoid antioxidant - the natural pigment in tomatoes, guava and watermelon - is good for the heart. (english-punjabi.net)
  • Curcumin is the orange pigment in turmeric (the primary ingredient in curry) and has been studied for its effective therapeutic outcomes acting as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, anticoagulant, immuno-modulatory activities and even in wound healing. (healthywithjodi.com)
Infants1
  • 14) The sunlight exposure needed by darkly pigmented infants is poorly understood. (english-punjabi.net)
Stasis1
Cholestasis1
  • Cholestasis means any condition in which bile flow is slowed or stopped. (ahealthyme.com)
Stones1
  • 1) She also added jewel powder to the pigment used in her paintings, expressing her passion for the precious stones. (english-punjabi.net)
Enzyme2
  • Definitive diagnosis of Crigler-Najjar syndrome requires high-performance liquid chromatography of bile or a tissue enzyme assay of a liver biopsy sample. (medscape.com)
  • Results were compared with those obtained for the reference strain A. finegoldii CIP 107999 T . Strains 3302398 and 4401054 were indole positive and bile resistant, and they had positive enzyme reactions for N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, α-galactosidase, and β-galactosidase, as described for A. finegoldii ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Sphincter1
  • 3-4 liters of mixed pancreatic juice and bile travel through the sphincter of Oddi daily. (lifeabove11.com)
Yellow1
  • Bile pigments chiefly yellow coloured bilirubin are the breakdown products of haemoglobin of dead RBCS. (articlesbazar.com)
Resistant1
  • 12) He also noted that pigmented fungi were resistant, consistent with the notion that pigments serve as protective filters. (english-punjabi.net)
RTECS:AS1050000 - Acrolein - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH
RTECS:AS1050000 - Acrolein - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH (cdc.gov)
Heat shock proteins and hormesis in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases | SpringerLink
Heat shock proteins and hormesis in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Prueba de uribilinógeno en orina: Prueba de laboratorio de MedlinePlus
Prueba de uribilinógeno en orina: Prueba de laboratorio de MedlinePlus (medlineplus.gov)
Bilirubin blood test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Bilirubin blood test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (medlineplus.gov)
Search Ageing-Associated Genes in Model Organisms
Search Ageing-Associated Genes in Model Organisms (genomics.senescence.info)
IndexCat
IndexCat (indexcat.nlm.nih.gov)
Dermographism Urticaria Differential Diagnoses
Dermographism Urticaria Differential Diagnoses (emedicine.medscape.com)
Green Puppy Born to Golden Retriever
Green Puppy Born to Golden Retriever (people.com)
WHO EMRO | Viral hepatitis E outbreak in Al-Sadr city, Baghdad, Iraq | Volume 16, issue 11 | EMHJ volume 16, 2010
WHO EMRO | Viral hepatitis E outbreak in Al-Sadr city, Baghdad, Iraq | Volume 16, issue 11 | EMHJ volume 16, 2010 (emro.who.int)
Do Fish Poop? | (Spoiler) Yep, they do it discreetly! - EnviroMom
Do Fish Poop? | (Spoiler) Yep, they do it discreetly! - EnviroMom (enviromom.com)
John Macleod - Nobel Lecture - NobelPrize.org
John Macleod - Nobel Lecture - NobelPrize.org (nobelprize.org)
(hollandandbarrett.com)
Congenital Duodenal Obstruction | Concise Medical Knowledge
Congenital Duodenal Obstruction | Concise Medical Knowledge (lecturio.com)
Thangka painter in SW China's Tibet[2]- Chinadaily.com.cn
Thangka painter in SW China's Tibet[2]- Chinadaily.com.cn (chinadaily.com.cn)
Bile Salt and pigment - Simira Diagnostics
Bile Salt and pigment - Simira Diagnostics (simiradiagnostics.com)
Fitness #1 Baseline Blood Test Panel (Female) | Ulta Lab Tests
Fitness #1 Baseline Blood Test Panel (Female) | Ulta Lab Tests (ultalabtests.com)
Exhibit Tags: biographical - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Exhibit Tags: biographical - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)
Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)
Genre: Notes - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Genre: Notes - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)
Creator: Kornberg, Arthur, 1918-2007 - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Creator: Kornberg, Arthur, 1918-2007 - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)
Genre: Notes - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Genre: Notes - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)
Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)
Genre: Notes - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results
Genre: Notes - Arthur Kornberg - Profiles in Science Search Results (profiles.nlm.nih.gov)