Bhopal Accidental Release
Sverdlovsk Accidental Release
Seveso Accidental Release
Gas Poisoning
Chemical Warfare Agents
Chemical Warfare
Mustard Gas
Sarin
Biological Warfare
Soman
Bhopal Gas Tragedy: review of clinical and experimental findings after 25 years. (1/3)
(+info)Status of inflammatory biomarkers in the population that survived the Bhopal gas tragedy: a study after two decades. (2/3)
Bhopal gas tragedy is considered as one of the world's worst industrial disaster. Approximately, 3,000-6,000 people died and 200,000 injured due to the leak of 40 tons of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas from a pesticide plant. We aimed to decipher any persistent and subtle immunotoxic effects of MIC in the survivors of the tragedy. The study was divided into 3 groups i.e. group I (n=40); Age and gender matched non-exposed healthy controls recruited from places within the geographical region of Bhopal but from unaffected zones, group II (n=40); Age and gender matched non-exposed healthy controls recruited from places well outside geographical region of Bhopal and group III (n=40); Age and gender matched MIC exposed subjects from affected zones inside geographical region of Bhopal and the status of inflammatory biomarkers (IL-8, IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF, IL-10, IL-12p70 cytokines and C-reactive protein) were analysed. The results displayed a significant increase in the levels of all circulating inflammatory biomarkers in the MIC exposed group in comparison to non-exposed cohorts. A toxin induced genetic and/or epigenetic alteration seems to be the likely underlying cause. However, further studies are essential for both mechanistic understanding and clinical implications of these patterns. (+info)Epidemiologic methods lessons learned from environmental public health disasters: Chernobyl, the World Trade Center, Bhopal, and Graniteville, South Carolina. (3/3)
(+info)I'm sorry, but I'm not aware of any specific medical term or condition called "Bhopal Accidental Release." It's possible that you may be referring to the Bhopal disaster, which was a catastrophic industrial accident that occurred on December 3, 1984, in the Indian city of Bhopal. The Bhopal disaster is considered one of the worst industrial disasters in history, and it resulted in the release of a toxic gas, methyl isocyanate, from a Union Carbide Corporation pesticide plant. The gas caused widespread death and injury, with estimates ranging from 2,000 to 25,000 fatalities and over 500,000 people affected. In the medical field, the Bhopal disaster is often studied as a case of mass poisoning and the effects of exposure to toxic chemicals on human health. The long-term health effects of the disaster are still being studied, and many survivors continue to suffer from respiratory problems, skin diseases, and other health issues.
Isocyanates are a class of chemicals that contain a nitrogen atom bonded to two carbon atoms, with the remaining carbon atoms bonded to oxygen and hydrogen atoms. They are commonly used in the production of polyurethane plastics, foams, and coatings, as well as in the manufacturing of adhesives, sealants, and elastomers. In the medical field, isocyanates can be found in certain medical devices and implants, such as dental fillings and orthopedic implants. They may also be used as a component in some medical coatings and adhesives. However, isocyanates are also known to be toxic and can cause respiratory irritation, skin irritation, and other health problems if inhaled or come into contact with the skin. Exposure to isocyanates has been linked to certain types of cancer, including lung cancer and bladder cancer. As a result, medical professionals and manufacturers must take precautions to minimize exposure to isocyanates and ensure that they are used safely and responsibly.
Cyanates are a class of organic compounds that contain a cyano (-CN) group. In the medical field, cyanates are often used as drugs or as intermediates in the synthesis of other drugs. One example of a cyanate used in medicine is sodium cyanide, which is a highly toxic compound that is used in some medical treatments, such as the treatment of certain types of cancer. However, sodium cyanide is also highly dangerous and can be lethal if not used properly. Another example of a cyanate used in medicine is thiocyanate, which is a breakdown product of certain amino acids and is found in the blood and urine of most people. Thiocyanate has been studied for its potential anti-cancer effects and has been shown to inhibit the growth of some types of cancer cells in the laboratory. Overall, cyanates are an important class of compounds in the medical field, but they must be handled with care due to their potential toxicity.
Gas poisoning, also known as gas exposure or gas intoxication, refers to the harmful effects that can occur when a person inhales toxic gases or fumes. These gases can be found in a variety of settings, including industrial workplaces, homes with faulty gas appliances, and areas affected by natural disasters such as wildfires or volcanic eruptions. The symptoms of gas poisoning can vary depending on the type of gas and the level of exposure. Common symptoms include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, gas poisoning can lead to unconsciousness, respiratory failure, and even death. Treatment for gas poisoning typically involves removing the person from the source of the gas and providing supportive care to manage symptoms. In some cases, medical treatment may be necessary to address more serious complications. Prevention is the best way to avoid gas poisoning. This can include proper ventilation in workspaces and homes, regular maintenance of gas appliances, and following safety guidelines when working with hazardous materials.
Chemical warfare agents, also known as CW agents, are toxic chemicals or their precursors that are intentionally used to harm or kill people, animals, or plants. These agents can be dispersed through the air, water, or soil, and can cause a range of symptoms, including respiratory problems, skin irritation, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, and death. In the medical field, chemical warfare agents are considered a type of chemical hazard, and medical personnel are trained to recognize and respond to exposure to these agents. Treatment for chemical warfare agent exposure typically involves decontamination, supportive care, and specific medical interventions, depending on the type and severity of exposure. Prevention of chemical warfare agent exposure is also an important aspect of medical preparedness, and includes measures such as wearing protective clothing and equipment, avoiding areas where chemical warfare agents may be present, and following proper procedures for handling and disposing of hazardous materials.
Chemical warfare refers to the use of chemical substances as weapons to harm or kill people, animals, or plants. In the medical field, chemical warfare can have serious consequences for both military personnel and civilians who are exposed to these substances. The effects of chemical warfare can vary depending on the type of substance used and the level of exposure. Some common effects include respiratory problems, skin irritation, nausea, vomiting, and even death. In addition, chemical warfare can also have long-term health effects, such as cancer and birth defects. Medical personnel who are involved in responding to chemical warfare incidents must be trained to recognize the symptoms of exposure and provide appropriate medical treatment. This may include decontamination procedures, administration of antidotes, and supportive care to manage symptoms. Overall, chemical warfare is a serious threat to public health and safety, and medical professionals play a critical role in responding to and mitigating its effects.
Mustard gas is a chemical warfare agent that was first developed in the early 20th century. It is a highly toxic and blistering agent that causes severe skin and respiratory damage. Mustard gas is a yellowish-brown liquid at room temperature and is typically delivered as a vapor. When mustard gas comes into contact with the skin, it causes a painful burning sensation and blistering. The blisters can be severe and may take weeks or even months to heal. Inhaling mustard gas can cause severe respiratory problems, including difficulty breathing, coughing, and chest pain. It can also cause damage to the eyes and lungs. Mustard gas is classified as a vesicant, which means that it causes blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. It is also a strong irritant and can cause severe inflammation of the respiratory tract. Exposure to mustard gas can be fatal, especially if it is inhaled in large quantities. In the medical field, mustard gas is considered a chemical warfare agent and is not used for medical purposes. Treatment for mustard gas exposure typically involves decontamination, wound care, and supportive care to manage symptoms. In severe cases, hospitalization and intensive care may be necessary.
Sarin is a highly toxic nerve agent that is classified as a chemical weapon. It is a clear, colorless liquid that is odorless and tasteless, and it can be easily absorbed through the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. In the medical field, sarin is considered a chemical poison that can cause severe respiratory and neurological symptoms, including difficulty breathing, convulsions, and paralysis. Exposure to sarin can be fatal, and there is no known antidote for its effects. Treatment for sarin poisoning typically involves supportive care, such as oxygen therapy and respiratory support, as well as medications to manage symptoms and prevent further exposure.
Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of biological agents such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins to harm or kill people, animals, or plants. It is considered a form of terrorism and is illegal under international law. In the medical field, biological warfare is studied as a potential threat to public health and safety. Medical professionals are trained to recognize and respond to biological agents, including developing vaccines and treatments, and implementing infection control measures to prevent the spread of disease. The medical field also plays a role in monitoring and detecting biological agents in the environment, such as through air or water samples, and in identifying and tracking outbreaks of infectious diseases that may be related to biological warfare. Overall, the medical field plays a critical role in preventing and responding to biological warfare, and in protecting public health and safety in the event of an attack.
Soman is a nerve agent that was first synthesized in 1944 by German chemists. It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid that is highly toxic and can be absorbed through the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Soman is classified as a Schedule 1 controlled substance under the United States Controlled Substances Act and is illegal to possess, manufacture, or distribute without a valid prescription. In the medical field, soman is primarily used for research purposes to study the effects of nerve agents on the human body. It is also used in some military and law enforcement training exercises to simulate the effects of nerve agents and to test the effectiveness of protective gear and antidotes. However, the use of soman in these contexts is highly regulated and requires strict safety protocols to prevent accidental exposure.
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Chlorpyrifos
CBRNE - Chemical Warfare Agents: Overview, General Considerations, Nerve Agents - Properties and Clinical Effects
Phosgene - Wikipedia
Methyl Isocyanate | Medical Management Guidelines | Toxic Substance Portal | ATSDR
Adventures in Public Health Part 1: Destination, India! | Blogs | CDC
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The Bhopal legacy: reworking corporate liability
Toxic Pollution and schools - Latest Toxic Release Inventory TRI Google Maps - EPA Risk Management Plans
Bathinda Army station attack: Sans headway, police, Army probes drag on for 3rd day
Clomiphene QB - Page 2
19843
- The accidental release of a methylisocyanate cloud (composed of phosgene and isocyanate) was implicated in the Bhopal disaster in 1984. (medscape.com)
- Significant exposure to methyl isocyanate vapors would most likely be the result of accidental release of methyl isocyanate to the air such as occurred in Bhopal, India in 1984, where the primary effect was pulmonary edema with some alveolar wall destruction. (cdc.gov)
- In 1984, when the pesticide factory's poison gas hit Bhopal, to kill and maim thousands, nobody had seen or imagined a disaster of this kind. (cseindia.org)
Methyl isocyanate1
- The institute will be focused on environmental health and situated in Bhopal, famous for the Union Carbide accident where several thousand people died due to an accidental release of methyl isocyanate. (cdc.gov)
Disaster6
- The Ebola outbreak i n west Africa represents a biological threat, the reactor explosions at Chernobyl and Fukishima represent nuclear and radiation threats, and the Bhopal disaster represents a chemical threat. (stemlynsblog.org)
- Days after President Barack Obama lashed out at British Petroleum (BP) saying he would not let them 'nickel and dime' his people in the oil spill case, a sessions court in Bhopal did precisely that with the victims of the world's worst industrial disaster. (cseindia.org)
- In this oil disaster, which hit the coast of Alaska in the US, the toll on the natural environment- the flora and fauna-was priced double (some US$ 1 billion settled for punitive and economic damages) that paid for the thousands of human lives lost and maimed in Bhopal. (cseindia.org)
- These concerns were triggered by the disaster in Bhopal, India, caused fake lags warzone an accidental. (alliedmortgage.ca)
- In the wake of the Bhopal gas Tragedy or Bhopal Disaster, the Government of India instituted the Environment Protection Act of 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution. (legalserviceindia.com)
- Because of the impact on tourism and the food supply, the largest accidental oil spill in history is too often labeled "Deepwater Horizon oil spill" or "Macondo blowout" rather than " BP Gulf disaster " or another more descriptive label for the area's poisoning. (mindwatch.com)
India4
- The court's decision holds seven officials of Union Carbide India guilty, but on diluted charges of accidental injury-tantamount to a traffic accident-and lets off the main accused of the US parent company. (cseindia.org)
- It was not accidental that advancing the cause of peace & disarmament became one of the cornerstones of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), which India - along with like-minded nations - had tirelessly strived to build over several decades. (counterpunch.org)
- In the wake of the Bhopal gas tragedy realising the hazardous character of caustic chlorine plant of Shriram, the Labour Ministry of the Government of India commissioned 'Technica', a firm of consultants, Scientists and Engineers of the United Kindgom who set out the areas of concern and potential problems, in their Report. (advocatekhoj.com)
- This was expected to Bhopal Gas Tragedy which was considered as the most noticeably awful modern misfortune in India. (legalserviceindia.com)
Chlorine1
- In the modern warfare era, CWAs were first used in World War I in 1915 when the German military released 168 tons of chlorine gas at Ypres, Belgium, killing an estimated 5000 Allied troops. (medscape.com)
Accidents1
- Airborne concentrations of chemicals capable of causing such adverse health effects or of impeding escape from high-risk conditions may arise from a variety of nonroutine workplace situations, including special work procedures (e.g., in confined spaces), industrial accidents (e.g., chemical spills or explosions), and chemical releases into the community (e.g., during transportation incidents or other uncon- trolled-release scenarios). (cdc.gov)
Case3
- 3. Worst-case release scenario and alternative release scenario(s). (toxicrisk.com)
- They also held that Shankar's death was probably a case of accidental firing or suicide, but it was in no way connected with the slayings in the morning. (freepressjournal.in)
- It offers monetary compensation to a third-party in case of accidental disability, death or damage of property caused by your car. (acko.com)
Result1
- But that does not preclude the possibility that the virus was the result of an accidental leak from the Wuhan Institute of Virology, where coronavirus research was being conducted on bats - although many scientists familiar with the research say such a leak is unlikely. (northindiastatesman.com)
Environmental1
- It is important to remind ourselves that is not just deliberate release of a CBRN agent that constitutes a threat, there are environmental factors that play an important role. (stemlynsblog.org)
Response2
- It is, thus, not a surprise that the official US response to the trial court judgment on Bhopal mentions this bill and wants the Indian government not to link the two. (cseindia.org)
- 1. Accidental release prevention and emergency response polices. (toxicrisk.com)
Products1
- Nanoparticles like zinc oxide are widely used in sunscreens, paints, textiles, and other products and can lead to accidental inhalational exposure in the occupational and personal settings. (medscape.com)
PLAN1
- So, under this plan, you are covered against accidental damages to your vehicle, car theft, and third-party liabilities. (acko.com)
Statement1
- Also on Thursday, China's foreign ministry spokesperson released a statement saying that "since the beginning of the epidemic, China has taken a scientific, professional, serious and responsible attitude in tracing the origins of the virus. (northindiastatesman.com)
Nature1
- The ammonia system is equipped with high pressure cutouts that help to prevent releases of this nature. (toxicrisk.com)
Condition1
- The Act endeavored to accommodate an administrative component of release of natural poisons and treatment of perilous substances, making of specialists endowed with undertaking of insurance of condition and building up punishments according to exercises that represent a danger to human condition, wellbeing and security. (legalserviceindia.com)
Accident2
- This accident insurance scheme covers loss of life due to COVID-19 and accidental death on account of COVID-19 related duty. (org.in)
- Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) (PMJJBY): Rs.330/- LIFE INSURANCE (Natural Death) It is an Accident Insurance Scheme that offers "Accidental death" and "Disability cover" in case of death or disability due to an accident. (waystoworld.com)
Chemicals5
- Airborne concentrations of chemicals capable of causing such adverse health effects or of impeding escape from high-risk conditions may arise from a variety of nonroutine workplace situations, including special work procedures (e.g., in confined spaces), industrial accidents (e.g., chemical spills or explosions), and chemical releases into the community (e.g., during transportation incidents or other uncon- trolled-release scenarios). (cdc.gov)
- As a result, concern is growing about the public health effects of chemical plants, particularly the release of chemicals, as happened at Flixbrough, Bhopal and Seveso (9-13). (who.int)
- The law requires certain corporations that manufacture, process, or use significant amounts of toxic chemicals to report annually on their releases of these chemicals. (thepumphandle.org)
- Since the program kicked off in 1988, reported releases of the original 299 chemicals tracked by TRI have dropped nearly 60 percent. (thepumphandle.org)
- Process safety focuses on the prevention of dangerous situations, such as fires, explosions, and the release of chemicals. (northwestern.edu)
Toxic3
- In June and August 2015, three large explosions occurred at chemical warehouses in Rey, Tehran Province, and toxic vapours were released. (who.int)
- In addition, in 2014, over 230 people were hospitalized for the release toxic gases in the city of Zahedan, in the south of the country (7). (who.int)
- The TRI has encouraged companies to massively reduce the production and therefore the possible accidental release of toxic chemicalsâ a tremendous achievement costing taxpayers very little. (thepumphandle.org)
Deaths1
- The following accidental chemical release and uncontrolled reaction resulted in several thousand deaths. (nih.gov)
20201
- Texas Women’s Foundation has released the findings of its Economic Issues for Women in Texas 2020 report, which examines the economic status of Texas women in regard to gender, race, and ethnicity. (org.in)
Plant1
- To protect the plant from the accidental damage of fronds and roots, wrap the genus with the damp tarp. (truechristmasstory.com)
People1
- Much of human-carnivore conflict is supposed to be either accidental or caused by old/injured animals, but how do we explain deliberate attacks on people by healthy, mature carnivores? (environmentportal.in)
Miles2
- La posterior fuga quÃmica accidental y la reacción incontrolada que se produjo causó varios miles de muertes. (bvsalud.org)
- Rubicon is reporting this release scenario impact as greater than twenty-five miles in the RMP submital due to large inaccuracies of the air dispersion model past five miles and due to the extreme conservatism used in the assumptions for the worst case scenario. (toxicrisk.com)
System2
- [ 6 , 7 ] The following year, in March 1995, the Aum Shinrikyo cult released sarin vapor in the Tokyo subway system during morning rush hour, leaving 12 dead and sending more than 5000 casualties to local hospitals. (medscape.com)
- However, the tag-and-release system csgo spinbot helping marine-biologists to better understand fish migratory patterns. (kowalelektronik.pl)
Safety1
- Rubicon's philosophy on accidental release prevention is a portion of our overall philosophy on safety which is to provide our employees a safe work place. (toxicrisk.com)