Beta catenin. Medical search

A multi-functional catenin that participates in CELL ADHESION and nuclear signaling. Beta catenin binds CADHERINS and helps link their cytoplasmic tails to the ACTIN in the CYTOSKELETON via ALPHA CATENIN. It also serves as a transcriptional co-activator and downstream component of WNT PROTEIN-mediated SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS.

A family of cytoskeletal proteins that play essential roles in CELL ADHESION at ADHERENS JUNCTIONS by linking CADHERINS to the ACTIN FILAMENTS of the CYTOSKELETON.

A catenin that binds F-ACTIN and links the CYTOSKELETON with BETA CATENIN and GAMMA CATENIN.

Major constituent of the cytoskeleton found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. They form a flexible framework for the cell, provide attachment points for organelles and formed bodies, and make communication between parts of the cell possible.

Calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They are important in the formation of ADHERENS JUNCTIONS between cells. Cadherins are classified by their distinct immunological and tissue specificities, either by letters (E- for epithelial, N- for neural, and P- for placental cadherins) or by numbers (cadherin-12 or N-cadherin 2 for brain-cadherin). Cadherins promote cell adhesion via a homophilic mechanism as in the construction of tissues and of the whole animal body.

Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the INTESTINE. A polyp is attached to the intestinal wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.

Diffusible gene products that act on homologous or heterologous molecules of viral or cellular DNA to regulate the expression of proteins.

A specific complex of WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY proteins that mediates the phosphorylation-dependent destruction of cytosolic BETA-CATENIN. The complex is disrupted by cell surface binding of WNT PROTEINS, which allows beta-catenin levels to rise to the point where they migrate to the CELL NUCLEUS and activate transcription.

A multi-functional catenin that is highly homologous to BETA CATENIN. Gamma catenin binds CADHERINS and helps link their cytoplasmic tails to ACTIN in the CYTOSKELETON via ALPHA CATENIN. It is also found in DESMOSOMES where it mediates the link between DESMOSOMAL CADHERINS and DESMOPLAKIN.

A hereditary disease caused by autosomal dominant mutations involving CHROMOSOME 19. It is characterized by the presence of INTESTINAL POLYPS, consistently in the JEJUNUM, and mucocutaneous pigmentation with MELANIN spots of the lips, buccal MUCOSA, and digits.

Wnt proteins are a large family of secreted glycoproteins that play essential roles in EMBRYONIC AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT, and tissue maintenance. They bind to FRIZZLED RECEPTORS and act as PARACRINE PROTEIN FACTORS to initiate a variety of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway stabilizes the transcriptional coactivator BETA CATENIN.

A malignant kidney tumor, caused by the uncontrolled multiplication of renal stem (blastemal), stromal (STROMAL CELLS), and epithelial (EPITHELIAL CELLS) elements. However, not all three are present in every case. Several genes or chromosomal areas have been associated with Wilms tumor which is usually found in childhood as a firm lump in a child's side or ABDOMEN.

A polyposis syndrome due to an autosomal dominant mutation of the APC genes (GENES, APC) on CHROMOSOME 5. The syndrome is characterized by the development of hundreds of ADENOMATOUS POLYPS in the COLON and RECTUM of affected individuals by early adulthood.

Desmoplakins are cytoskeletal linker proteins that anchor INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS to the PLASMA MEMBRANE at DESMOSOMES.

Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or body fluids. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including hormones, antigens, amino and nucleic acids, enzymes, polyamines, and specific cell membrane proteins and lipids.

An interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein. Proteolytic processing of the precursor form by CASPASE 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

Anchoring points where the CYTOSKELETON of neighboring cells are connected to each other. They are composed of specialized areas of the plasma membrane where bundles of the ACTIN CYTOSKELETON attach to the membrane through the transmembrane linkers, CADHERINS, which in turn attach through their extracellular domains to cadherins in the neighboring cell membranes. In sheets of cells, they form into adhesion belts (zonula adherens) that go all the way around a cell.

Proteins whose abnormal expression (gain or loss) are associated with the development, growth, or progression of NEOPLASMS. Some neoplasm proteins are tumor antigens (ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM), i.e. they induce an immune reaction to their tumor. Many neoplasm proteins have been characterized and are used as tumor markers (BIOMARKERS, TUMOR) when they are detectable in cells and body fluids as monitors for the presence or growth of tumors. Abnormal expression of ONCOGENE PROTEINS is involved in neoplastic transformation, whereas the loss of expression of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS is involved with the loss of growth control and progression of the neoplasm.

The part of a cell that contains the CYTOSOL and small structures excluding the CELL NUCLEUS; MITOCHONDRIA; and large VACUOLES. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990)

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion. Their functions include the assembly and interconnection of various vertebrate systems, as well as maintenance of tissue integration, wound healing, morphogenic movements, cellular migrations, and metastasis.

An 11-kDa protein associated with the outer membrane of many cells including lymphocytes. It is the small subunit of the MHC class I molecule. Association with beta 2-microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. Beta 2-microglobulin is present in small amounts in serum, csf, and urine of normal people, and to a much greater degree in the urine and plasma of patients with tubular proteinemia, renal failure, or kidney transplants.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.

Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.

A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.

One of two major pharmacologically defined classes of adrenergic receptors. The beta adrenergic receptors play an important role in regulating CARDIAC MUSCLE contraction, SMOOTH MUSCLE relaxation, and GLYCOGENOLYSIS.

An integrin beta subunit of approximately 85-kDa in size which has been found in INTEGRIN ALPHAIIB-containing and INTEGRIN ALPHAV-containing heterodimers. Integrin beta3 occurs as three alternatively spliced isoforms, designated beta3A-C.

A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations.

A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.

A family of proteins that contain several 42-amino acid repeat domains and are homologous to the Drosophila armadillo protein. They bind to other proteins through their armadillo domains and play a variety of roles in the CELL including SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION, regulation of DESMOSOME assembly, and CELL ADHESION.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A single-pass transmembrane glycoproteins that mediate CALCIUM-dependent CELL ADHESION and are core components of DESMOSOMES.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

Direct contact of a cell with a neighboring cell. Most such junctions are too small to be resolved by light microscopy, but they can be visualized by conventional or freeze-fracture electron microscopy, both of which show that the interacting CELL MEMBRANE and often the underlying CYTOPLASM and the intervening EXTRACELLULAR SPACE are highly specialized in these regions. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p792)

An integrin found in FIBROBLASTS; PLATELETS; MONOCYTES, and LYMPHOCYTES. Integrin alpha5beta1 is the classical receptor for FIBRONECTIN, but it also functions as a receptor for LAMININ and several other EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.

A glycogen synthase kinase that was originally described as a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism. It regulates a diverse array of functions such as CELL DIVISION, microtubule function and APOPTOSIS.

Also known as CD104 antigen, this protein is distinguished from other beta integrins by its relatively long cytoplasmic domain (approximately 1000 amino acids vs. approximately 50). Five alternatively spliced isoforms have been described.

This intrgrin is a key component of HEMIDESMOSOMES and is required for their formation and maintenance in epithelial cells. Integrin alpha6beta4 is also found on thymocytes, fibroblasts, and Schwann cells, where it functions as a laminin receptor (RECEPTORS, LAMININ) and is involved in wound healing, cell migration, and tumor invasiveness.

Integrin beta chains combine with integrin alpha chains to form heterodimeric cell surface receptors. Integrins have traditionally been classified into functional groups based on the identity of one of three beta chains present in the heterodimer. The beta chain is necessary and sufficient for integrin-dependent signaling. Its short cytoplasmic tail contains sequences critical for inside-out signaling.

A 44-kDa highly glycosylated plasma protein that binds phospholipids including CARDIOLIPIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN E RECEPTOR; membrane phospholipids, and other anionic phospholipid-containing moieties. It plays a role in coagulation and apoptotic processes. Formerly known as apolipoprotein H, it is an autoantigen in patients with ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES.

Integrin alpha4beta1 is a FIBRONECTIN and VCAM-1 receptor present on LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; NK CELLS and thymocytes. It is involved in both cell-cell and cell- EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX adhesion and plays a role in INFLAMMATION, hematopoietic cell homing and immune function, and has been implicated in skeletal MYOGENESIS; NEURAL CREST migration and proliferation, lymphocyte maturation and morphogenesis of the PLACENTA and HEART.

The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.

An integrin found on fibroblasts, platelets, endothelial and epithelial cells, and lymphocytes where it functions as a receptor for COLLAGEN and LAMININ. Although originally referred to as the collagen receptor, it is one of several receptors for collagen. Ligand binding to integrin alpha2beta1 triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling, including activation of p38 MAP kinase.

A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). The adrenergic beta-2 receptors are more sensitive to EPINEPHRINE than to NOREPINEPHRINE and have a high affinity for the agonist TERBUTALINE. They are widespread, with clinically important roles in SKELETAL MUSCLE; LIVER; and vascular, bronchial, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary SMOOTH MUSCLE.

A RHO GTP-BINDING PROTEIN involved in regulating signal transduction pathways that control assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

A rac GTP-binding protein involved in regulating actin filaments at the plasma membrane. It controls the development of filopodia and lamellipodia in cells and thereby influences cellular motility and adhesion. It is also involved in activation of NADPH OXIDASE. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.

Serologic tests in which a positive reaction manifested by visible CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION occurs when a soluble ANTIGEN reacts with its precipitins, i.e., ANTIBODIES that can form a precipitate.

Identification of proteins or peptides that have been electrophoretically separated by blot transferring from the electrophoresis gel to strips of nitrocellulose paper, followed by labeling with antibody probes.

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport.

A family of transmembrane glycoproteins (MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEINS) consisting of noncovalent heterodimers. They interact with a wide variety of ligands including EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS; COMPLEMENT, and other cells, while their intracellular domains interact with the CYTOSKELETON. The integrins consist of at least three identified families: the cytoadhesin receptors(RECEPTORS, CYTOADHESIN), the leukocyte adhesion receptors (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION), and the VERY LATE ANTIGEN RECEPTORS. Each family contains a common beta-subunit (INTEGRIN BETA CHAINS) combined with one or more distinct alpha-subunits (INTEGRIN ALPHA CHAINS). These receptors participate in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion in many physiologically important processes, including embryological development; HEMOSTASIS; THROMBOSIS; WOUND HEALING; immune and nonimmune defense mechanisms; and oncogenic transformation.

A soluble factor produced by MONOCYTES; MACROPHAGES, and other cells which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens. Interleukin-1 is a general term refers to either of the two distinct proteins, INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA and INTERLEUKIN-1BETA. The biological effects of IL-1 include the ability to replace macrophage requirements for T-cell activation.

Integrin beta-1 chains which are expressed as heterodimers that are noncovalently associated with specific alpha-chains of the CD49 family (CD49a-f). CD29 is expressed on resting and activated leukocytes and is a marker for all of the very late activation antigens on cells. (from: Barclay et al., The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook, 1993, p164)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

A cell surface receptor mediating cell adhesion to the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX and to other cells via binding to LAMININ. It is involved in cell migration, embryonic development, leukocyte activation and tumor cell invasiveness. Integrin alpha6beta1 is the major laminin receptor on PLATELETS; LEUKOCYTES; and many EPITHELIAL CELLS, and ligand binding may activate a number of signal transduction pathways. Alternative splicing of the cytoplasmic domain of the alpha6 subunit (INTEGRIN ALPHA6) results in the formation of A and B isoforms of the heterodimer, which are expressed in a tissue-specific manner.

The movement of cells from one location to another. Distinguish from CYTOKINESIS which is the process of dividing the CYTOPLASM of a cell.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). The adrenergic beta-1 receptors are equally sensitive to EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE and bind the agonist DOBUTAMINE and the antagonist METOPROLOL with high affinity. They are found in the HEART, juxtaglomerular cells, and in the central and peripheral nervous systems.

A group of desmosomal cadherins with cytoplasmic tails that resemble those of classical CADHERINS.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Integrin alpha1beta1 functions as a receptor for LAMININ and COLLAGEN. It is widely expressed during development, but in the adult is the predominant laminin receptor (RECEPTORS, LAMININ) in mature SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, where it is important for maintenance of the differentiated phenotype of these cells. Integrin alpha1beta1 is also found in LYMPHOCYTES and microvascular endothelial cells, and may play a role in angiogenesis. In SCHWANN CELLS and neural crest cells, it is involved in cell migration. Integrin alpha1beta1 is also known as VLA-1 and CD49a-CD29.

The barrier between capillary blood and alveolar air comprising the alveolar EPITHELIUM and capillary ENDOTHELIUM with their adherent BASEMENT MEMBRANE and EPITHELIAL CELL cytoplasm. PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE occurs across this membrane.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

A large family of MONOMERIC GTP-BINDING PROTEINS that are involved in regulation of actin organization, gene expression and cell cycle progression. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.6.1.47.

A scaffolding protein that is a critical component of the axin signaling complex which binds to ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI PROTEIN; GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3; and CASEIN KINASE I.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organization to the cytoplasm.

Alzheimer's disease: clues from flies and worms. (1/5919)

Presenilin mutations give rise to familial Alzheimer's disease and result in elevated production of amyloid beta peptide. Recent evidence that presenilins act in developmental signalling pathways may be the key to understanding how senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and apoptosis are all biochemically linked. (+info)

The human F box protein beta-Trcp associates with the Cul1/Skp1 complex and regulates the stability of beta-catenin. (2/5919)

Ubiquitin-conjugation targets numerous cellular regulators for proteasome-mediated degradation. Thus, the identification of ubiquitin ligases and their physiological substrates is crucially important, especially for those cases in which aberrant levels of regulatory proteins (e.g., beta-catenin, p27) result from a deregulated ubiquitination pathway. In yeast, the proteolysis of several G1 regulators is controlled by ubiquitin ligases (or SCFs) formed by three subunits: Skp1, Cul A (Cdc53), and one of many F-box proteins. Specific F-box proteins (Fbps) recruit different substrates to the SCF. Although many Fbps have been identified in mammals, their specific substrates and the existence of multiple SCFs have not yet been reported. We have found that one human Fbp, beta-Trcp (beta-Transducin repeat containing protein), does indeed form a novel SCF with human Skp1 and Cul1. Consistent with recent reports indicating that Xenopus and Drosophila beta-Trcp homologs act as negative regulators of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, we report here that human beta-Trcp interacts with beta-catenin in vivo. Furthermore, beta-catenin is specifically stabilized in vivo by the expression of a dominant negative beta-Trcp. These results indicate that the Cul1/Skp1/beta-Trcp complex forms a ubiquitin ligase that mediates the degradation of beta-catenin. (+info)

Axin prevents Wnt-3a-induced accumulation of beta-catenin. (3/5919)

When Axin, a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, was expressed in COS cells, it coeluted with glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), beta-catenin, and adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC) in a high molecular weight fraction on gel filtration column chromatography. In this fraction, GSK-3beta, beta-catenin, and APC were co-precipitated with Axin. Although beta-catenin was detected in the high molecular weight fraction in L cells on gel filtration column chromatography, addition of conditioned medium expressing Wnt-3a to the cells increased beta-catenin in the low molecular weight fraction. However, Wnt-3a-dependent accumulation of beta-catenin was greatly inhibited in L cells stably expressing Axin. Axin also suppressed Wnt-3a-dependent activation of Tcf-4 which binds to beta-catenin and acts as a transcription factor. These results suggest that Axin forms a complex with GSK-3beta, beta-catenin, and APC, resulting in the stimulation of the degradation of beta-catenin and that Wnt-3a induces the dissociation of beta-catenin from the Axin complex and accumulates beta-catenin. (+info)

Glucocorticoid down-regulation of fascin protein expression is required for the steroid-induced formation of tight junctions and cell-cell interactions in rat mammary epithelial tumor cells. (4/5919)

Glucocorticoid hormones, which are physiological regulators of mammary epithelium development, induce the formation of tight junctions in rat Con8 mammary epithelial tumor cells. We have discovered that, as part of this process, the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone strongly and reversibly down-regulated the expression of fascin, an actin-bundling protein that also interacts with the adherens junction component beta-catenin. Ectopic constitutive expression of full-length mouse fascin containing a Myc epitope tag (Myc-fascin) in Con8 cells inhibited the dexamethasone stimulation of transepithelial electrical resistance, disrupted the induced localization of the tight junction protein occludin and the adherens junction protein beta-catenin to the cell periphery, and prevented the rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton. Ectopic expression of either the carboxyl-terminal 213 amino acids of fascin, which includes the actin and beta-catenin-binding sites, or the amino-terminal 313 amino acids of fascin failed to disrupt the glucocorticoid induction of tight junction formation. Mammary tumor cells expressing the full-length Myc-fascin remained generally glucocorticoid responsive and displayed no changes in the levels or protein-protein interactions of junctional proteins or the amount of cytoskeletal associated actin filaments. However, a cell aggregation assay demonstrated that the expression of Myc-fascin abrogated the dexamethasone induction of cell-cell adhesion. Our results implicate the down-regulation of fascin as a key intermediate step that directly links glucocorticoid receptor signaling to the coordinate control of junctional complex formation and cell-cell interactions in mammary tumor epithelial cells. (+info)

Frequent nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of beta-catenin without exon 3 mutations in malignant melanoma. (5/5919)

Beta-Catenin has a critical role in E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion, and it also functions as a downstream signaling molecule in the wnt pathway. Mutations in the putative glycogen synthase kinase 3beta phosphorylation sites near the beta-catenin amino terminus have been found in some cancers and cancer cell lines. The mutations render beta-catenin resistant to regulation by a complex containing the glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, adenomatous polyposis coli, and axin proteins. As a result, beta-catenin accumulates in the cytosol and nucleus and activates T-cell factor/ lymphoid enhancing factor transcription factors. Previously, 6 of 27 melanoma cell lines were found to have beta-catenin exon 3 mutations affecting the N-terminal phosphorylation sites (Rubinfeld B, Robbins P, Elgamil M, Albert I, Porfiri E, Polakis P: Stabilization of beta-catenin by genetic defects in melanoma cell lines. Science 1997, 275:1790-1792). To assess the role of beta-catenin defects in primary melanomas, we undertook immunohistochemical and DNA sequencing studies in 65 melanoma specimens. Nuclear and/or cytoplasmic localization of beta-catenin, a potential indicator of wnt pathway activation, was seen focally within roughly one third of the tumors, though a clonal somatic mutation in beta-catenin was found in only one case (codon 45 Ser-->Pro). Our findings demonstrate that beta-catenin mutations are rare in primary melanoma, in contrast to the situation in melanoma cell lines. Nonetheless, activation of beta-catenin, as indicated by its nuclear and/or cytoplasmic localization, appears to be frequent in melanoma, and in some cases, it may reflect focal and transient activation of the wnt pathway within the tumor. (+info)

Expression of CD44 in Apc and Tcf mutant mice implies regulation by the WNT pathway. (6/5919)

Overexpression of cell surface glycoproteins of the CD44 family is an early event in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. This suggests a link with disruption of APC tumor suppressor protein-mediated regulation of beta-catenin/Tcf-4 signaling, which is crucial in initiating tumorigenesis. To explore this hypothesis, we analyzed CD44 expression in the intestinal mucosa of mice and humans with genetic defects in either APC or Tcf-4, leading to constitutive activation or blockade of the beta-catenin/Tcf-4 pathway, respectively. We show that CD44 expression in the non-neoplastic intestinal mucosa of Apc mutant mice is confined to the crypt epithelium but that CD44 is strongly overexpressed in adenomas as well as in invasive carcinomas. This overexpression includes the standard part of the CD44 (CD44s) as well as variant exons (CD44v). Interestingly, deregulated CD44 expression is already present in aberrant crypt foci with dysplasia (ACFs), the earliest detectable lesions of colorectal neoplasia. Like ACFs of Apc-mutant mice, ACFs of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients also overexpress CD44. In sharp contrast, Tcf-4 mutant mice show a complete absence of CD44 in the epithelium of the small intestine. This loss of CD44 concurs with loss of stem cell characteristics, shared with adenoma cells. Our results indicate that CD44 expression is part of a genetic program controlled by the beta-catenin/Tcf-4 signaling pathway and suggest a role for CD44 in the generation and turnover of epithelial cells. (+info)

Cadherin-11 is expressed in invasive breast cancer cell lines. (7/5919)

In several cancers, including breast cancer, loss of E-cadherin expression is correlated with a loss of the epithelial phenotype and with a gain of invasiveness. Cells that have lost E-cadherin expression are either poorly invasive with a rounded phenotype, or highly invasive, with a mesenchymal phenotype. Most cells lacking E-cadherin still retain weak calcium-dependent adhesion, indicating the presence of another cadherin family member. We have now examined the expression of the mesenchymal cadherin, cadherin-11, in breast cancer cell lines. Cadherin-11 mRNA and protein, as well as a variant form, are expressed in the most invasive cell lines but not in any of the noninvasive cell lines. Cadherin-11 is localized to a detergent-soluble pool and is associated with both alpha- and beta-catenin. Immunocytochemistry shows that cadherin-11 is localized to the cell membrane at sites of cell-cell contact as well as at lamellipodia-like projections, which do not interact with other cells. These results suggest that cadherin-11 expression may be well correlated with the invasive phenotype in cancer cells and may serve as a molecular marker for the more aggressive, invasive subset of tumors. Cadherin-11 may mediate the interaction between malignant tumor cells and other cell types that normally express cadherin-11, such as stromal cells or osteoblasts or perhaps even with the surrounding extracellular matrix, thus facilitating tumor cell invasion and metastasis. (+info)

Coupling assembly of the E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex to efficient endoplasmic reticulum exit and basal-lateral membrane targeting of E-cadherin in polarized MDCK cells. (8/5919)

The E-cadherin/catenin complex regulates Ca++-dependent cell-cell adhesion and is localized to the basal-lateral membrane of polarized epithelial cells. Little is known about mechanisms of complex assembly or intracellular trafficking, or how these processes might ultimately regulate adhesion functions of the complex at the cell surface. The cytoplasmic domain of E-cadherin contains two putative basal-lateral sorting motifs, which are homologous to sorting signals in the low density lipoprotein receptor, but an alanine scan across tyrosine residues in these motifs did not affect the fidelity of newly synthesized E-cadherin delivery to the basal-lateral membrane of MDCK cells. Nevertheless, sorting signals are located in the cytoplasmic domain since a chimeric protein (GP2CAD1), comprising the extracellular domain of GP2 (an apical membrane protein) and the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of E-cadherin, was efficiently and specifically delivered to the basal-lateral membrane. Systematic deletion and recombination of specific regions of the cytoplasmic domain of GP2CAD1 resulted in delivery of <10% of these newly synthesized proteins to both apical and basal-lateral membrane domains. Significantly, >90% of each mutant protein was retained in the ER. None of these mutants formed a strong interaction with beta-catenin, which normally occurs shortly after E-cadherin synthesis. In addition, a simple deletion mutation of E-cadherin that lacks beta-catenin binding is also localized intracellularly. Thus, beta-catenin binding to the whole cytoplasmic domain of E-cadherin correlates with efficient and targeted delivery of E-cadherin to the lateral plasma membrane. In this capacity, we suggest that beta-catenin acts as a chauffeur, to facilitate transport of E-cadherin out of the ER and the plasma membrane. (+info)

Takemaru, Ken-Ichi (2006). "Catenin, beta". AfCS-Nature Molecule Pages. doi:10.1038/mp.a000506.01. Rousseau, Simon (2011). "P38 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signaling_Gateway_(website)

CTNNB1 (beta-catenin; a transcription gene) mutations are found in 14-44% of endometrial cancers and may indicate a good ... Beta-catenin mutations are commonly found in endometrial cancers with squamous cells. FGFR2 mutations are found in ... The CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) gene is most commonly mutated in the squamous subtype of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Serous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrial_cancer

B-catenin[edit]. Main article: Beta-catenin. β-catenin of the canonical Wnt signalling pathway plays a role in cell fate ... Main article: Transforming growth factor beta. During mandible development, most of it is formed through intramembranous ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteochondroprogenitor_cell

PDGF-BB is the highest-affinity ligand for the PDGFR-beta; PDGFR-beta is a key marker of hepatic stellate cell activation in ... Age related downregulation of the PDGF receptor on islet beta cells has been demonstrated to prevent islet beta cell ... "Role of alpha beta receptor heterodimer formation in beta platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor activation by PDGF-AB" ... Two types of PDGFRs have been identified: alpha-type and beta-type PDGFRs.[8] The alpha type binds to PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and PDGF ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet-derived_growth_factor

"Rapamycin potentiates transforming growth factor beta-induced growth arrest in nontransformed, oncogene-transformed, and human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P21

RET is an abbreviation for "rearranged during transfection", as the DNA sequence of this gene was originally found to be rearranged within a 3T3 fibroblast cell line following its transfection with DNA taken from human lymphoma cells.[6] The human gene RET is localized to chromosome 10 (10q11.2) and contains 21 exons.[7] The natural alternative splicing of the RET gene results in the production of 3 different isoforms of the protein RET. RET51, RET43 and RET9 contain 51, 43 and 9 amino acids in their C-terminal tail respectively.[8] The biological roles of isoforms RET51 and RET9 are the most well studied in-vivo as these are the most common isoforms in which RET occurs. Common to each isoform is a domain structure. Each protein is divided into three domains: an N-terminal extracellular domain with four cadherin-like repeats and a cysteine-rich region, a hydrophobic transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain, which is split by an insertion of 27 amino acids. Within the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RET_proto-oncogene

Wang P, Gao H, Ni Y, Wang B, Wu Y, Ji L, Qin L, Ma L, Pei G (February 2003). "Beta-arrestin 2 functions as a G-protein-coupled ... Wang P, Wu Y, Ge X, Ma L, Pei G (March 2003). "Subcellular localization of beta-arrestins is determined by their intact N ... In addition, MDM2 has p53-independent transcription factor-like effects in nuclear factor-kappa beta (NFκB) activation. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mdm2

Tryptophan alpha,beta-oxidase. *Pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase. *L-galactonolactone oxidase. 1.3.5: Quinone. *Succinate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SDHB

beta-catenin-TCF complex assembly. • transcription, DNA-templated. • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. • G1/S ... Feng XH, Liang YY, Liang M, Zhai W, Lin X (January 2002). "Direct interaction of c-Myc with Smad2 and Smad3 to inhibit TGF-beta ... "Mechanism for the transcriptional repression by c-Myc on PDGF beta-receptor". Journal of Cell Science. 114 (Pt 8): 1533-44. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-myc

Wnt/beta-catenin Pathway. The role of Tbx2 in Wnt signaling has yet to be confirmed; however, up-regulation of Tbx2 in the beta ... catenin signaling pathway leads to loss of the adhesion molecule E-cadherin. This returns cells to a mesenchymal state, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TBX2

"Wnt-4 activates the canonical beta-catenin-mediated Wnt pathway and binds Frizzled-6 CRD: functional implications of Wnt/beta- ... beta-catenin signaling cascade". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (15): 14879-88. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306421200. PMID ... catenin activity in kidney epithelial cells". Experimental Cell Research. 298 (2): 369-87. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.04.036. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FZD6

Catenin-associated Fer and Fyn tyrosine kinases regulate beta-catenin Tyr-142 phosphorylation and beta-catenin-alpha-catenin ... phosphorylated region vital to beta-catenin binding and, therefore, to E-cadherin function.[citation needed] Beta-catenin can ... increases beta-catenin-E-cadherin association, and decreases beta-catenin-sensitive transcription". Cancer Research. 61 (4): ... "The structure of the beta-catenin/E-cadherin complex and the molecular basis of diverse ligand recognition by beta-catenin". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDH1_

CTNNBL1: Beta-catenin-like protein 1. *DBNDD2: Dysbindin domain-containing protein 2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_20

"Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development". Cell ... The Pitx2 gene plays a role in lung adenocarcinoma that is dependent on activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. When ... cVg1 is a Transforming growth factor beta signal that is expressed posteriorly before the formation of the embryo germ layers. ... analyzing experimental findings from this Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, a TCGA dataset showed that Pitx2 had a positive ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PITX2

Beta-catenin-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNBL1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... "Entrez Gene: CTNNBL1 catenin, beta like 1". Human CTNNBL1 genome location and CTNNBL1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome ... In addition, the encoded protein contains Armadillo/beta-catenin-like repeats, which have been implicated in protein-protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CTNNBL1

Yang F, Li X, Sharma M, Sasaki CY, Longo DL, Lim B, Sun Z (March 2002). "Linking beta-catenin to androgen-signaling pathway". ... Masiello D, Chen SY, Xu Y, Verhoeven MC, Choi E, Hollenberg AN, Balk SP (October 2004). "Recruitment of beta-catenin by wild- ... Amir AL, Barua M, McKnight NC, Cheng S, Yuan X, Balk SP (August 2003). "A direct beta-catenin-independent interaction between ... Androgen receptor has been shown to interact with: AKT1, BAG1, Beta-catenin, BRCA1, C-jun, Calmodulin 1, Caveolin 1, CDK9, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen_receptor

... and increased levels of active beta-catenin. Since each of these contribute to regulating cell proliferation, deletion of HDAC7 ... "Histone deacetylase 7 controls endothelial cell growth through modulation of beta-catenin". Circulation Research. 106 (7): 1202 ... One study showed that HDAC7 suppresses proliferation and β-catenin activity in chondrocytes. This was shown by knocking out ... Overall, this study demonstrated that HDAC7 once again interacts with β-catenin to keep endothelial cells in a low ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDAC7

Wong NA, Pignatelli M (Feb 2002). "Beta-catenin--a linchpin in colorectal carcinogenesis?". The American Journal of Pathology. ... GSK-3β, inhibited in some cancer, regulates the stability of β-catenin in cytoplasm and subsequently, cytosolic β-catenin moves ... Ectopic CD97 expression upregulates the expression of N-cadherin and β-catenin in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells leading to enhanced ... Transgenic expression of a CD97 in mice enhanced levels of nonphosphorylated membrane-bound β-catenin and phosphorylated Akt. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD97

"Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development". Cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDLIM1

... and stabilize beta-catenin. Mutant of presenilin-1 that reduces the ability to stabilize beta-catenin complex leads to ... presenilin-1 was also found to play a role in beta-catenin phosphorylation. Beta-catenin is coupled by presenilin-1 and ... "Presenilin couples the paired phosphorylation of beta-catenin independent of axin: implications for beta-catenin activation in ... Tesco G, Kim TW, Diehlmann A, Beyreuther K, Tanzi RE (December 1998). "Abrogation of the presenilin 1/beta-catenin interaction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSEN1

Wnt/beta-catenin pathway: modulating anticancer immune response. J Hematol Oncol 10, 101 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045 ... TMED5 has been found to interact with WNT7B, activating the canonical WNT-CTNNB1/β-catenin signaling pathway. This pathway is ... The structure of TMED5 isoform 1 consists of beta strands making up the lumenal region, disparate coil-coiled regions, alpha ... to numerous cancers because upregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway leads to cytosolic accumulation of β-catenin, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TMED5

"Mechanism of phosphorylation-dependent binding of APC to beta-catenin and its role in beta-catenin degradation". Molecular Cell ... "Crystal structure of a beta-catenin/axin complex suggests a mechanism for the beta-catenin destruction complex". Genes & ... "A noncanonical sequence phosphorylated by casein kinase 1 in beta-catenin may play a role in casein kinase 1 targeting of ... "Axin-mediated CKI phosphorylation of beta-catenin at Ser 45: a molecular switch for the Wnt pathway". Genes & Development. 16 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSNK1D

Graham TA, Weaver C, Mao F, Kimelman D, Xu W (Dec 2000). "Crystal structure of a beta-catenin/Tcf complex". Cell. 103 (6): 885- ... Balaz P, Plaschke J, Krüger S, Görgens H, Schackert HK (Aug 2010). "TCF-3, 4 protein expression correlates with beta-catenin ... These transcription factors are activated by beta catenin, mediate the Wnt signaling pathway and are antagonized by the ... "Lovastatin protects human neurons against Abeta-induced toxicity and causes activation of beta-catenin-TCF/LEF signaling". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCF7L1

Ge X, Jin Q, Zhang F, Yan T, Zhai Q (Jan 2009). "PCAF acetylates {beta}-catenin and improves its stability". Mol. Biol. Cell. ... Asano Y, Czuwara J, Trojanowska M (November 2007). "Transforming growth factor-beta regulates DNA binding activity of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCAF

December 2002). "Craniopharyngiomas of adamantinomatous type harbor beta-catenin gene mutations". Am. J. Pathol. 161 (6): 1997- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craniopharyngioma

... has been shown to interact with Beta-catenin. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000152104 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: ... "The protein tyrosine phosphatase Pez is a major phosphatase of adherens junctions and dephosphorylates beta-catenin". Molecular ... "The protein tyrosine phosphatase Pez is a major phosphatase of adherens junctions and dephosphorylates beta-catenin". Molecular ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPN14

"Identification of the domain of alpha-catenin involved in its association with beta-catenin and plakoglobin (gamma-catenin)". ... "A mutation in alpha-catenin disrupts adhesion in clone A cells without perturbing its actin and beta-catenin binding activity ... "The APC protein and E-cadherin form similar but independent complexes with alpha-catenin, beta-catenin, and plakoglobin". The ... "The APC protein and E-cadherin form similar but independent complexes with alpha-catenin, beta-catenin, and plakoglobin". The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plakoglobin

"Analysis of beta-catenin aggregation and localization using GFP fusion proteins: nuclear import of alpha-catenin by the beta- ... Tang W, Dodge M, Gundapaneni D, Michnoff C, Roth M, Lum L (July 2008). "A genome-wide RNAi screen for Wnt/beta-catenin pathway ... PDB: 2GL7; Sampietro J, Dahlberg CL, Cho US, Hinds TR, Kimelman D, Xu W (October 2006). "Crystal structure of a beta-catenin/ ... Sun P, Xiong H, Kim TH, Ren B, Zhang Z (February 2006). "Positive inter-regulation between beta-catenin/T cell factor-4 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCF7L2

The protein encoded by this gene interacts directly with the C-terminal region of beta-catenin, inhibiting oncogenic beta- ... catenin-mediated transcriptional activation by competing with transcription factors for binding to beta-catenin. Two transcript ... Takemaru K, Yamaguchi S, Lee YS, Zhang Y, Carthew RW, Moon RT (2003). "Chibby, a nuclear beta-catenin-associated antagonist of ... Beta-catenin is a transcriptional activator and oncoprotein involved in the development of several cancers. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBY1

连环蛋白（英语：Catenin）. *Alpha catenin. *Beta catenin *APC ...

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/LMNA

"Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --, Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development.". ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDLIM1

... nuclear translocation of androgen receptor complex with beta-catenin and T-cell factor 4 may bypass canonical Wnt signaling to ... increase beta adrenergic receptors while decreasing alpha adrenergic receptors- which results in increased levels of ... norepinephrine then acting on lipolysis-inducing beta receptors. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen

Holmen SL, Robertson SA, Zylstra CR, Williams BO (2005). "Wnt-independent activation of beta-catenin mediated by a Dkk1-Fz5 ... "A novel frizzled gene identified in human esophageal carcinoma mediates APC/beta-catenin signals". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A ... "Caveolin is necessary for Wnt-3a-dependent internalization of LRP6 and accumulation of beta-catenin". Dev. Cell. 11 (2): 213-23 ... amyloid-beta binding. • signal transducer activity. • Wnt-protein binding. • protein binding. • protein kinase binding. • ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FZD5

... enhances the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway by relieving antagonistic activity of Chibby". Cancer Research. 66 (2): 723-8. PMID ... correlates with Wnt/beta-catenin target genes and aggressive biological behavior in gastric cancer". Clinical Cancer Research. ... interaction with FGFR2 and beta-catenin signaling pathways". International Journal of Cancer. 121 (6): 1265-73. PMID 17520678. ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCIM

Filamin B, beta (FLNB), also known as Filamin B, beta (actin binding protein 278), is a cytoplasmic protein which in humans is ... Catenins. *Alpha catenin. *Beta catenin *APC. *Plakoglobin (gamma catenin). *Delta catenin. *GAN ... Takafuta, T; Wu G; Murphy G F; Shapiro S S (Jul 1998). "Human beta-filamin is a new protein that interacts with the cytoplasmic ... Takafuta T, Wu G, Murphy GF, Shapiro SS (1998). "Human beta-filamin is a new protein that interacts with the cytoplasmic tail ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLNB

Catenins. *Alpha catenin. *Beta catenin *APC. *Plakoglobin (gamma catenin). *Delta catenin. *GAN ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiskott-Aldrich_syndrome_protein

Catenins. *Alpha catenin. *Beta catenin *APC. *Plakoglobin (gamma catenin). *Delta catenin. *GAN ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_

... nuclear translocation of androgen receptor complex with beta-catenin and T-cell factor 4 may bypass canonical Wnt signaling to ...

https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen

Catenins. *Alpha catenin. *Beta catenin *APC. *Plakoglobin (gamma catenin). *Delta catenin. *GAN ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myofilament

... inhibits Wnt signaling by promoting TCF4 degradation and disrupting the TCF4/beta-catenin complex". Cellular Signalling. 22 (11 ... DVL is an integral part of the Wnt canonical pathway (β-catenin dependent) and non-canonical pathway (β-catenin-independent).[2 ... These regions mediate protein-protein interactions and help DVL channel signals into either the β-catenin or the β-catenin ... preventing constitutive degradation of β-catenin.[6][7] The prevention of this degradation DVL allows for β-catenin buildup in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dishevelled

... β-catenin, RIP140, PCNA, the DNA metabolic enzymes flap endonuclease-1, thymine DNA glycosylase, and Werner syndrome DNA ... Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase. *Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase. *Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. *Glycerol-3-phosphate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_acetyltransferase

"Organized Emergence of Multiple-Generations of Teeth in Snakes Is Dysregulated by Activation of Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signalling". ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake

... beta-catenin. It suggests that miR-181 may eradicate HCC. The increased expression of miR-181a in mature T cells increases ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-181_microRNA_precursor

"Liver-specific beta-catenin knockout mice exhibit defective bile acid and cholesterol homeostasis and increased susceptibility ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colina

Roles for beta-catenin (part of the Wnt pathway) and appropriate levels of cell death of cortical progenitors have also been ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyrification

"Presenilins interact with armadillo proteins including neural-specific plakophilin-related protein and beta-catenin". J. ... A novel multiple PSD-95/Dlg-A/ZO-1 protein interacting with neural plakophilin-related armadillo repeat protein/delta-catenin ... A novel multiple PSD-95/Dlg-A/ZO-1 protein interacting with neural plakophilin-related armadillo repeat protein/delta-catenin ... local control of RhoA at the cleavage furrow by the p0071 catenin". Cell Cycle. 6 (2): 122-7. doi:10.4161/cc.6.2.3741. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKP4

stimulates AC, raises cAMP, stimulates beta catenin and Glycogen synthase kinase 3 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_receptor

... by c-Fos estrogen receptor activation involves nuclear translocation of beta-catenin and upregulation of beta-catenin/lymphoid ... Mohamed, O. A.; Clarke, H. J.; Dufort, D (2004). "Beta-catenin signaling marks the prospective site of primitive streak ... Other deficiencies in signaling pathways, such as in Nodal (a TGF-beta protein), will lead to defective mesoderm formation.[9] ... Both formation of the primitive streak and mesenchymal tissue is dependent on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.[12] Specific markers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesenchyme

β-catenin-activated - with exon 3 versus exon 7/8 mutation. *β-Catenin-activated inflammatory - with exon 3 versus exon 7/8 ... as well as in beta-thalassemia and hemochromatosis.[2] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_adenoma

Catenins. *Alpha catenin. *Beta catenin *APC. *Plakoglobin (gamma catenin). *Delta catenin. *GAN ... Sajid M, Hu Z, Lele M, Stouffer GA (May 2000). "Protein complexes involving alpha v beta 3 integrins, nonmuscle myosin heavy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYH9

Catenins. *Alpha catenin. *Beta catenin *APC. *Plakoglobin (gamma catenin). *Delta catenin. *GAN ... The talin n-terminal head domain interacts with the membrane-proximal region of the beta(3) cytoplasmic tail". The Journal of ... Calderwood DA, Zent R, Grant R, Rees DJ, Hynes RO, Ginsberg MH (Oct 1999). "The Talin head domain binds to integrin beta ... in the talin rod domain is essential for linking integrin beta subunits to the cytoskeleton". The Journal of Biological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLN1

"Activation of beta-catenin signalling by GSK-3 inhibition increases p-glycoprotein expression in brain endothelial cells". ... For example, PI3K/Akt pathway[18] and Wnt/ β-catenin pathway[20] were reported to positively regulate the expression of P-gp. ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-glycoprotein

Catenin-associated Fer and Fyn tyrosine kinases regulate beta-catenin Tyr-142 phosphorylation and beta-catenin-alpha-catenin ... increases beta-catenin-E-cadherin association, and decreases beta-catenin-sensitive transcription". Cancer Res. 61 (4): 1671-7 ... "The structure of the beta-catenin/E-cadherin complex and the molecular basis of diverse ligand recognition by beta-catenin". ... "A truncated beta-catenin disrupts the interaction between E-cadherin and alpha-catenin: a cause of loss of intercellular ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-cadherina

... beta 1 (88kD); Catenin beta; Catnb; Ctnnb; CTNNB1 Beta-catenin (β-catenin) (Armadillo in Drosophila) is a multifunctional ... Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1 (88kD); Catenin beta; Catnb; Ctnnb; CTNNB1 ... Beta-catenin (β-catenin) (Armadillo in Drosophila) is a multifunctional protein involved in two essential cellular events: cell ... Clevers H. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in development and disease. Cell. 2006;127:469-80.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRefGoogle ...

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-319-67199-4_528

Beta-catenin (IPR013284). Short name: Beta-catenin Family relationships *Beta-catenin (IPR013284) *Junction plakoglobin/protein ... Beta-catenin forms a cadherin/beta-catenin/alphaE-catenin complex that can tether the tripartite adhesion complex and regulate ... The beta-catenin structure has been determined [PMID: 9298899, PMID: 11136974]. Beta catenin family proteins contain several ... The armadillo homologs beta-catenin and plakoglobin are differentially expressed during early development of Xenopus laevis.. ...

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR013284

InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/protein/Q02248

If you know of any papers that use this antibody, please contact us at antibodies [at] alzforum [dot] org for consideration in the References section.. ...

https://www.alzforum.org/antibodies/beta-catenin-22

Catenin-associated Fer and Fyn tyrosine kinases regulate beta-catenin Tyr-142 phosphorylation and beta-catenin-alpha-catenin ... Catenin beta-1, also known as β-catenin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNB1 gene. β-catenin is a dual ... Beta-catenin is widely expressed in many tissues. In cardiac muscle, beta-catenin localizes to adherens junctions in ... On the other hand, BCL9 and BCL9L must compete with α-catenin to access β-catenin molecules. The cellular level of beta-catenin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-catenin

The degree to which beta-catenin participates in these two functions is dictated by the availability of beta-catenin binding ... Beta-catenin plays a critical structural role in cadherin-based adhesions and is also an essential co-activator of Wnt-mediated ... Phospho-regulation of Beta-catenin adhesion and signaling functions.. Daugherty RL1, Gottardi CJ. ... Inputs from various cell-signaling events can therefore impact beta-catenin function, which may be necessary for the finely ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17928543?dopt=Abstract

... have discovered that a single mutation in the beta-catenin gene, which codes a protein known to be deeply involved in a number ... Beta-catenin is an essential protein in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, which has been shown in mice to be involved in ... developed a mouse with single mutation to the beta-catenin gene, with the goal to discover so far unrevealed functions of beta- ... "A single mutation in the beta-catenin gene can lead to infertility." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 10 Nov. 2014. Web. ...

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/285136.php

Beta-catenin is also involved in the regulation of gene expression as a mediator of the Wnt signaling pathway. The expression ... and intracellular localization of beta-catenin is altered in many types of cancers. ... Beta-catenin is an 88 kDa multifunctional protein playing an essential role in cell-cell adhesion by binding to the ... Clone β-Catenin-1 Beta-catenin is an 88 kDa multifunctional protein playing an essential role in cell-cell adhesion by binding ...

https://www.agilent.com/en/product/immunohistochemistry/antibodies-controls/primary-antibodies/beta-catenin-

Dishevelled binding antagonist of beta catenin 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DACT2 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl ... "Entrez Gene: Dishevelled binding antagonist of beta catenin 2". Retrieved 2017-09-10. Koga Y, Yao T, Hirahashi M, Kumashiro Y, ... "Flat adenoma-carcinoma sequence with high-malignancy potential as demonstrated by CD10 and beta-catenin expression: a different ... "DACT2 is a functional tumor suppressor through inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway and associated with poor survival in colon ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dishevelled_binding_antagonist_of_beta_catenin_2

Additionally, colonospheres showed reduced membrane bound beta-catenin but had increased levels of total beta-catenin, cyclin- ... D1 and c-myc and down regulation of axin-1 and phosphorylated beta-catenin. Increased expression of beta-catenin was associated ... The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates growth and maintenance of colonospheres.. Kanwar SS1, Yu Y, Nautiyal J, Patel BB, ... Our data suggest that colonospheres formed by colon cancer cell lines are highly enriched in CSCs and that Wnt/beta-catenin ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20691072?dopt=Abstract

The structure of the beta-catenin/E-cadherin complex and the molecular basis of diverse ligand recognition by beta-catenin. ... BETA-CATENIN A, C 538 Mus musculus Fragment: ARMADILLO DOMAIN Gene Name(s): Ctnnb1 Catnb ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/litView.do?structureId=1I7X

... beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex, catenin complex, cell cortex, cell junction, cell periphery, cell-cell adherens junction, cell- ... R-SSC-195253. Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex. R-SSC-196299. Beta-catenin phosphorylation cascade. R-SSC ... R-SSC-195253. Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex. R-SSC-196299. Beta-catenin phosphorylation cascade. R-SSC ... Beta-cateninImported. ,p>Information which has been imported from another database using automatic procedures.,/p> ,p>,a href ...

http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8WNW4

Gene ablation and transgenic expression studies strongly support the concept that beta-catenin together with Lef/Tcf factors ... Beta-catenin regulates cell-cell adhesion and transduces signals from many pathways to regulate the transcriptional activities ... Stabilized beta-catenin induces hyperplasia and mammary tumors in mice. Each of the beta-catenin-induced phenotypes is ... Beta-catenin and Tcfs in mammary development and cancer J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2003 Apr;8(2):145-58. doi: 10.1023/a: ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14635791/?dopt=Abstract

Michael Davidsons lab contains the insert Beta-Catenin. This plasmid is available through Addgene. ... mEmerald-Beta-Catenin-20 was a gift from Michael Davidson (Addgene plasmid # 54017 ; http://n2t.net/addgene:54017 ; RRID: ...

https://www.addgene.org/54017/

... we analyzed the expression patterns of beta-catenin on 20 IPF/UIP lung samples, together with two downstream target genes of Wn ... Aberrant Wnt/beta-catenin pathway activation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Am J Pathol. 2003 May;162(5):1495-502. doi: ... In 18 of 20 cases of IPF/UIP investigated on serial sections, nuclear beta-catenin immunoreactivity and abnormal levels of ... nuclear beta-catenin accumulation was also demonstrated in fibroblast foci in most (16 of 20) IPF/UIP samples, often associated ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12707032/?dopt=Abstract

Catenin beta-1Imported. ,p>Information which has been imported from another database using automatic procedures.,/p> ,p>,a href ... tr,D3YUH4,D3YUH4_MOUSE Catenin beta-1 (Fragment) OS=Mus musculus GN=Ctnnb1 PE=1 SV=1 ...

http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/D3YUH4

... the role of β-Catenin in eye development, infection and inflammation; and the clinical significance of Beta-Catenin in ... Home / Shop / Books / Science and Technology / Life Sciences / Biology / Biochemistry / Beta-Catenin: Structure, Function and ... Clinical Significance of Beta-Catenin in Immunological Disease and Dysfunction: Signaling and Therapy. (Tze Wei Poh, Sandra J. ... The Novel Roles of Beta-Catenin in Infection and Inflammation. (Jun Sun, Yong-guo Zhang, Rong Lu, Yuanyuan Zheng, Shaoping Wu, ...

https://novapublishers.com/shop/beta-catenin-structure-function-and-clinical-significance/

... for Anti-beta Catenin antibody [E247] used in Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence. Abcam provides excellent in-house ...

https://www.abcam.com/beta-catenin-antibody-e247-ab32572/reviews/43313

Rabbit polyclonal beta Catenin (phospho S45) antibody. Validated in WB. Cited in 1 publication(s). Immunogen corresponding to ... Anti-beta Catenin (phospho S45) antibody. See all beta Catenin primary antibodies. ... The majority of beta-catenin is localized to the cell membrane and is part of E-cadherin/catenin adhesion complexes which are ... Synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser45 of human Beta Catenin. ...

https://www.abcam.com/beta-catenin-phospho-s45-antibody-ab18824.html

beta Catenin Polyclonal Antibody from Invitrogen for Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Immunocytochemistry, ... Protein Aliases: beta catenin; Beta-catenin; catenin; catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa; catenin (cadherin- ... Catenin beta; Catenin beta-1; CATNB; CTNB1; CTNNB Gene Aliases: armadillo; B-catenin; beta-catenin; Bfc; Catnb; CHBCAT; CTNNB; ... Cite beta Catenin Polyclonal Antibody. The following antibody was used in this experiment: beta Catenin Polyclonal Antibody ...

https://www.thermofisher.com/antibody/product/beta-Catenin-Antibody-Polyclonal/PA5-16762

In this work, the Pourquié team tested the importance of Beta-catenin, a protein that functions as the principal mediator of ... "But, by using the real-time imaging technique in mouse embryos, we could show that increasing Beta-catenin also corresponded ... The Stowers Institutes Pourquié Lab has demonstrated the importance of Beta-catenin, a key component of the Wnt-signaling ... They showed that a newly identified Beta-catenin protein gradient in the PSM is critical in regulating mesoderm maturation. ...

https://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/life-sciences/report-100702.html

OriGene Anti-Beta-catenin Monoclonal (UMAB15), UltraMAB™, Catalog # UM500015CF. Tested in Western Blot (WB), Immunofluorescence ... beta 1, 88kDa; Catenin b 1; Catenin b1; catenin beta; Catenin beta-1; Catenin beta1; Catenin β 1; Catenin β1; CTNB1; dJ633O20.1 ... Beta-catenin; Betacatenin; C20orf33; catenin; catenin (cadherin associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa; catenin (cadherin- ... The interplay between beta-catenin, cytoskeletal complexes and signaling pathways may regulate morphogenesis. Beta-catenin is ...

https://www.thermofisher.com/antibody/product/Beta-catenin-Antibody-clone-UMAB15-Monoclonal/UM500015CF

... binds to beta-catenin. A chimera consisting of the alpha-catenin-binding region of beta-catenin linked to the amino terminus of ... In adherens junctions, alpha-catenin links the cadherin-beta-catenin complex to the actin-based cytoskeleton. alpha-catenin is ... In adherens junctions, alpha-catenin links the cadherin-beta-catenin complex to the actin-based cytoskeleton. alpha-catenin is ... Structure of the dimerization and beta-catenin-binding region of alpha-catenin.. Pokutta, S., Weis, W.I.. (2000) Mol Cell 5: ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1DOW

... beta]-catenin signaling pathway.(Report) by Phytomedicine: International Journal of Phytotherapy & Phytopharmacology; Health ... beta]-catenin signaling pathway, leading to a rapid increase in P-GSK3[beta], reduce the wnt7a, [beta]-catenin and cyclin D1 ... As demonstrated Wnt/[beta]-catenin signaling pathway utilizes [beta]-catenin as an effector to transmit a receptor mediated ... beta]-catenin signaling pathway through activating [beta]-catenin. Materials and methods Reagents Astaxanthin (purity , 98.0%, ...

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... beta-Catenin promotes self-renewal of skeletal-muscle satellite cells. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android ... Since a dominant-negative version of beta-catenin had the same effect as silencing beta-catenin using specific siRNA, beta- ... Since a dominant-negative version of beta-catenin had the same effect as silencing beta-catenin using specific siRNA, beta- ... catenin promotes self-renewal via transcriptional control of target genes. Thus, beta-catenin signalling in proliferating ...

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... and p120 catenin. β-catenin and γ-catenin associate with α-catenin, which links the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin ... and α-catenin. α-E-catenin is ubiquitously expressed, α-N-catenin is expressed in neuronal tissue, and α-T-catenin is primarily ... Polyclonal Antibody Immunofluorescence Immunocytochemistry Beta-Catenin Binding. Polyclonal Antibody - α-E-Catenin Antibody, ... α-catenin binds to β-catenin in the nucleus, preventing it from regulating transcription, and levels of both proteins appear to ...

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... p120-catenin, beta-catenin, and beta-catenin. The alpha- catenin and beta-catenin then form a complex to link the actin ... THE beta-CATENIN KINETICS We first present our model of the intracellular beta-catenin dynamics and show the importance of this ... We include soluble beta-catenin and the E-cadherin- beta-catenin complex as the main variables of our model. Upregulation of ... beta-catenin is an intracellular protein associated with the actin cytoskeleton of a cell. E- cadherins bind to beta-catenin to ...

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β-Catenin/armadillo (Arm) was initially identified as a segment polarity protein in Drosophila in the early 1980s, and later recognized as a key downstream effector of the Wnt pathway. (springer.com)
Kikuchi A. Regulation of beta-catenin signaling in the Wnt pathway. (ebi.ac.uk)
β-catenin is a subunit of the cadherin protein complex and acts as an intracellular signal transducer in the Wnt signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Notably, the C-terminal segment of β-catenin can mimic the effects of the entire Wnt pathway if artificially fused to the DNA binding domain of LEF1 transcription factor. (wikipedia.org)
Beta-catenin is an essential protein in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, which has been shown in mice to be involved in the development and maintenance of most, if not all organs, throughout their lives. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The research has also elucidated a new function for the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, which plays a role in regulating cell growth as well as cell-cell communication. (medicalnewstoday.com)
This finding came as a major surprise because we were expecting to see effects on many organs, since the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is so ubiquitous. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Beta-catenin is also involved in the regulation of gene expression as a mediator of the Wnt signaling pathway. (agilent.com)
The Stowers Institute's Pourquié Lab has demonstrated the importance of Beta-catenin, a key component of the Wnt-signaling pathway in the process of somite formation. (innovations-report.com)
In this work, the Pourquié team tested the importance of Beta-catenin, a protein that functions as the principal mediator of the Wnt-signaling pathway, in the process of somite formation. (innovations-report.com)
Astaxanthin induces angiogenesis through Wnt/[beta]-catenin signaling pathway. (thefreelibrary.com)
For study of mechanism, the Wnt/[beta]-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor IWR-1-endo was used. (thefreelibrary.com)
The Wnt/[beta]-catenin pathway activation in HMBECs and RASMCs were tested by Western blot. (thefreelibrary.com)
Conclusions: It may be suggested that astaxanthin induces angiogenesis in vitro via a programmed Wnt/[beta]-catenin signaling pathway. (thefreelibrary.com)
2012). In the present study, we therefore investigated the hypothesis that astaxanthin induced angiogenesis in cerebral endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells and regulated Wnt/[beta]-catenin signaling pathway through activating [beta]-catenin. (thefreelibrary.com)
The following pharmacologic agents were used: Wnt/[beta]-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor IWR-1-endo (Calbiochem). (thefreelibrary.com)
Constitutive retroviral-driven expression of wild-type or stabilised beta-catenin results in more satellite cells expressing Pax7 without any MyoD -- therefore, adopting the self-renewal pathway, with fewer cells undergoing myogenic differentiation. (unboundmedicine.com)
Thus, beta-catenin signalling in proliferating satellite cells directs these cells towards the self-renewal pathway and, so, contributes to the maintenance of this stem-cell pool in adult skeletal muscle. (unboundmedicine.com)
The role of E- cadherin in the malfunction of cell-cell adhesion observed in colorectal cancer, and in the beta-catenin degradation system after mutations that affect the wnt-pathway, belong to the most studied examples (2-4). (redorbit.com)
Lpcat3KD 3T3L1 pre-adipocytes were treated with different concentration of Wnt/-catenin pathway inhibitors and then underwent differentiation. (selleckchem.com)
β-catenin is a critical component of the Wnt signaling pathway, which is itself important in embryogenesis, stem cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. (fluidigm.com)
Click on one of the boxes below to see the factors involved in the Wnt/Ca 2+ signaling pathway or other beta-Catenin-independent Wnt signaling pathways. (rndsystems.com)
Note: The beta-Catenin-independent Wnt/PCP pathway is listed in the pathway index as a separate pathway. (rndsystems.com)
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling plays key roles in tooth development, but how this pathway intersects with the complex interplay of signaling factors regulating dental morphogenesis has been unclear. (mdc-berlin.de)
These data place Wnt/beta-catenin signaling upstream of key morphogenetic signaling pathways at multiple stages of tooth development and indicate that tight regulation of this pathway is essential both for patterning tooth development in the dental lamina, and for controlling the shape of individual teeth. (mdc-berlin.de)
Nevertheless, most of the effort during the European reintegration grant (ERG) was directed towards the study of the interaction and impact of other signalling pathways on Wnt signalling, specifically focussing on the TGF beta pathway. (europa.eu)
These results led us to propose that in CRC carcinogenesis TGF beta signals might have counter effects in comparison to Wnt signals, explaining the high incidence of mutations in components of the TGF beta pathway in CRC. (europa.eu)
β-catenin is the key component of the canonical Wnt pathway and plays a crucial role in a multitude of developmental and homeostatic processes. (mcponline.org)
β-catenin is the key effector molecule of the canonical Wnt pathway and it exerts two crucial roles within the cell. (mcponline.org)
The Wnt/Beta-catenin pathway mediates the transcription of proteins important for maintenance and growth of hematopoietic stem cells. (wikipathways.org)
Beta-catenin is a component of the adherens junction, a multiprotein complex which supports Ca 2+ -dependent cell-to-cell contact which in itself is critical for adhesion, signal transmission and for anchoring the actin cytoskeleton.Beta-catenin's role is as a transcription effector of the wnt-signalling pathway. (leicabiosystems.com)
Immunohistochemistry is the best way to demonstrate nuclear expression of beta-catenin and wnt-pathway activation. (leicabiosystems.com)
However, the mechanisms underlying EGF-β-catenin pathway-induced EMT of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have not been reported previously. (dovepress.com)
In the present study, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot were applied to investigate the effect of EGF-β-catenin pathway on EMT of GBM. (dovepress.com)
In conclusion, β-catenin-EMT pathway induced by EGF is important for GBM progression by the PI3K/Akt pathways. (dovepress.com)
Inhibition of β-catenin leads to suppression of EGF pathway-induced EMT, which provides a new way to treat GBM patients. (dovepress.com)
Among the molecular signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of HCC, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is one of the most frequently activated. (dovepress.com)
In this article, we review the role of the β-catenin pathway in hepatocarcinogenesis and progression from chronic inflammation to HCC, the novel potential treatments targeting the pathway and its prognostic role in HCC patients, as well as the imaging features of HCC and their association with aberrant activation of the pathway. (dovepress.com)
Previous studies indicate that the Wnt/beta-catenin-signaling pathway is active and functional during murine lens development. (sigmaaldrich.com)
These data indicate that the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway plays key roles in regulating proliferation of lens stem/progenitor cells during early stages of fiber cell differentiation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Background: The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway plays a key role in stem cell maintenance in the colorectum. (aacrjournals.org)
Methods: We assessed 172 variants in 26 genes from the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in 809 CRC cases and 814 healthy controls, followed by replication of the top findings in another 691 cases and 775 controls. (aacrjournals.org)
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that common germline variants in the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway maybe involved in CRC development. (aacrjournals.org)
Importantly, β-catenin signaling, a pathway known to regulate cardiac hypertrophy, was activated following PG ablation. (ahajournals.org)
A new model for the pathogenesis of ARVC is proposed where impaired desmosome function induce myocytes loss causing an inflammatory response which stabilizes β-catenin via the AKT/GSK-3 signaling pathway thus enhancing hypertrophic gene expression. (ahajournals.org)
The wnt pathway regulates the steady state level of beta-catenin, a transcriptional coactivator for the Tcf3 /Lef1 family of DNA binding proteins. (xenbase.org)
1997 ) -catenin is a target for the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. (biologists.org)
Carcinogenesis is often accelerated by the aberrant activation of components molecules of Wnt signaling pathway, especially, APC and beta-catenin are frequently reported to be mutated in various cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
PRI-724 generated by PRISM Pharma is a small molecule inhibitor of beta-catenin and its transcriptional coactivator CREB binding protein (CBP) thereby specific modulating Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway by intravenous continuous infusion. (aacrjournals.org)
E7386 modulated the expression of Wnt signaling pathway related genes including AXIN2 and other genes, which were down-regulated by artificial knockdown of beta-catenin. (aacrjournals.org)
Apc Min/+ mice develops polyps in the intestinal tract caused by the aberrant activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. (aacrjournals.org)
E7386 showed relatively potent anti-proliferative activity against cancer cell lines harboring exclusively mutated Wnt signaling pathway molecules such as APC or beta-catenin. (aacrjournals.org)
Taken together, E7386 is a first in class orally active CBP/beta-catenin modulator and showed potent inhibitory activity against aberrant activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. (aacrjournals.org)
Canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway: "WNT ON state": WNT proteins, by binding to frizzled receptors and the LRP co-receptor, act to suppress the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). (springermedizin.de)
Nuclear β-catenin is an indication of an activated Wnt pathway, therefore suggesting a possible role for Wnt signalling during zebrafish tooth development and replacement. (ugent.be)
These observations suggest a hitherto unrecognised role for β-catenin in the secretory pathway and warrant further functional studies to unravel its activity at this cellular location. (genscript.com)
The species-related regulatory signaling pathway as reported in mouse and human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) 14 is likely to be applied in pig and other animals, in which PI3K/AKT signaling and TGF-beta signaling pathways, instead of LIF and bFGF signaling pathways, may play key roles to maintain porcine stem cell pluripotency 15 . (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway occurs in a vast majority of colorectal cancers. (biologists.org)
The resulting gpA33 ΔN-Bcat mice show increased constitutive Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation that shifts the cell fate towards the Paneth cell lineage in pre-malignant intestinal epithelium. (biologists.org)
On the basis of its involvement in liver cancer, regeneration, and development, we investigated the role of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in oval cell response, which was initiated in male Fisher rats with 2-acetylaminofluorine and two-third partial hepatectomy (PHX). (semanticscholar.org)
β-Catenin is involved in cell adhesion through catenin-cadherin complexes and in the Wnt signaling pathway. (biocare.net)
Recent observations indicate that some sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) have aberrant β-catenin nuclear labeling, implicating the Wnt pathway in the molecular progression of SSAs to colorectal carcinoma. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
The Wnt/ beta catenin pathway is active within the adult Subventricular zone post-stroke, as well as in other cell types. (cns.org)
Mechanistically, we show that endogenous chondroitin sulfate controls cardiac differentiation in a temporal biphasic manner through inhibition of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, a known regulatory pathway for the cardiac lineage. (luriechildrens.org)
These results establish chondroitin sulfate and its sulfation balance as important regulators of cardiac cell lineage decisions through control of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. (luriechildrens.org)
The GL-induced apoptosis was associated with down-regulation of the β-Catenin signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
The present study indicates that the β-Catenin signaling pathway is the target for GL-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in human breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
When activity of this kinase is blocked (e.g. by excessive stimulation of Wnt signaling pathway), hypophosphorylated stable form of beta-catenin accumulates in the cytoplasm, translocates to the nucleus and activates transcription of genes including those that are involved in cell cycle control. (exbio.cz)
Liver-specific loss of beta-catenin blocks glutamine synthesis pathway activity and cytochrome p450 expression in mice. (semanticscholar.org)
The presence of genetic alterations resulting in constitutive beta-catenin stabilization in human and murine liver tumors also implicates this pathway in hepatocyte proliferation. (semanticscholar.org)
ß-catenin is also part of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (Figure 1). (mycancergenome.org)
The molecular pathway that controls cardiogenesis is temporally and spatially regulated by master transcriptional regulators such as NKX2-5, Isl1, MEF2C, GATA4, and beta-catenin. (escholarship.org)
Some studies have evaluated the expression or methylation of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) as an antagonist and beta-catenin (β-catenin) as a critical mediator of this pathway. (ac.ir)
It is well known that Wnt signaling pathway activation and β-catenin nuclear accumulation can be observed in approximately 90% of CRCs [ 10 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling by protein kinases. (springer.com)
Zhurinsky J, Shtutman M. Ben-Ze'ev A. Plakoglobin and beta-catenin: protein interactions, regulation and biological roles. (springer.com)
This entry represents the beta catenins and homologues, plakoglobin and the Drosophila Armadillo protein [ PMID: 2261639 ], which are implicated in cell adhesion and Wnt signalling [ PMID: 9425166 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
Beta catenin family proteins contain several ARM repeats, sequences of approximately 50 amino acids involved in protein-protein interactions. (ebi.ac.uk)
Catenin beta-1, also known as β-catenin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNB1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
β-catenin is a dual function protein, involved in regulation and coordination of cell-cell adhesion and gene transcription. (wikipedia.org)
It is a member of the catenin protein family and homologous to γ-catenin, also known as plakoglobin. (wikipedia.org)
β-catenin is regulated and destroyed by the beta-catenin destruction complex, and in particular by the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein, encoded by the tumour-suppressing APC gene. (wikipedia.org)
Beta-catenin was initially discovered in the early 1990s as a component of a mammalian cell adhesion complex: a protein responsible for cytoplasmatic anchoring of cadherins. (wikipedia.org)
But very soon, it was realized that the Drosophila protein armadillo - implicated in mediating the morphogenic effects of Wingless/Wnt - is homologous to the mammalian β-catenin, not just in structure but also in function. (wikipedia.org)
Thus beta-catenin became one of the first examples of moonlighting: a protein performing more than one radically different cellular function. (wikipedia.org)
The cytoplasmic beta-catenin protein is implicated in signal transduction and associates with both the cell-cell adhesion protein E-cadherin and the tumor suppressor gene product APC. (nih.gov)
Scientists from the RIKEN BioResource Center in Tsukuba, Japan, have discovered that a single mutation in the beta-catenin gene, which codes a protein known to be deeply involved in a number of developmental and homeostatic processes, can lead to infertility not through a disruption of the production of egg or sperm cells, but rather by leading to abnormalities in the morphology of the sexual organs, making natural reproduction impossible. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The BRC research group, in a study published in Scientific Reports , developed a mouse with single mutation to the beta-catenin gene, with the goal to discover so far unrevealed functions of beta-catenin, a protein that is well conserved through evolution. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Beta-catenin is an 88 kDa multifunctional protein playing an essential role in cell-cell adhesion by binding to the transmembrane protein, cadherin. (agilent.com)
Recombinant C-terminal ß-catenin fusion protein (6). (agilent.com)
In Western blotting of human epithelial A431 cells the antibody labels a band corresponding to human ß-catenin protein. (agilent.com)
β-catenin is a multifunctional protein required in both cell-cell adherens junctions and canonical Wnt signalling. (novapublishers.com)
Beta-catenin, an adherens junction (AJ) protein, was originally identified as a component of cell-cell adhesion structures. (thermofisher.com)
Studies show that Beta-catenin also binds to another cytoskeletal complex containing the adenomatous polyposis coli protein and microtubules, and interacts with several signaling pathways that include tyrosine kinases, phosphatases and Wnt/Wingless. (thermofisher.com)
Dishevelled binding antagonist of beta catenin 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DACT2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
They showed that a newly identified Beta-catenin protein gradient in the PSM is critical in regulating mesoderm maturation. (innovations-report.com)
Real-time imaging experiments also demonstrated that, conversely, the segmentation clock is not caused by graded levels of Beta-catenin protein. (innovations-report.com)
We were able to demonstrate that increasing Beta-catenin protein levels dramatically alters PSM maturation," said Alexander Aulehla, M.D., Senior Research Associate and first author on the paper. (innovations-report.com)
Recombinant chicken beta Catenin fused to maltose binding protein. (fishersci.com)
beta-catenin is an intracellular protein associated with the actin cytoskeleton of a cell. (redorbit.com)
In this process there are multiple protein-complexes involved which interact with beta-catenin and E-cadherin. (redorbit.com)
PRI-724 (IC50=150 nM) and ICG-001 (IC50=3 μM) inhibit the recruiting of β-catenin with its coactivator element-binding protein(CBP) in nucleus. (selleckchem.com)
Clone D10A8 recognizes endogenous levels of total β-catenin protein. (fluidigm.com)
In particular, the MCC protein is known to regulate beta-catenin (β-cat) signaling, but the mechanism is poorly understood. (sigmaaldrich.com)
It binds to the N-terminus of alpha-catenin and interacts with the protein product of the tumor suppressor gene APC. (genetex.com)
We further demonstrated that the vegetal mass does not release a dorsal signal until after the onset of transcription, at the midblastula stage, suggesting that maternal beta-catenin protein is required at or before this time. (biologists.org)
The inhibition of Wnt leads to protein degradation through Beta-Catenin activation by the Axin/APC/CK1/GSK3B protein complex. (wikipathways.org)
Here, we identified that β-catenin mRNA and protein levels were up-regulated in GBM tissues and four kinds of glioblastoma cell lines, including T98G, A172, U87, and U251 cells, compared with normal brain tissue and astrocytes. (dovepress.com)
A mutant of beta-catenin that cannot bind Tcf3 is degraded faster than the wild-type protein in Xenopus embryos and extracts. (xenbase.org)
Along with evidence that a significant amount of Tcf protein is nonnuclear, these findings suggest that CK1epsilon can modulate wnt signaling in vivo by regulating both the beta-catenin- Tcf3 and the GBP - dsh interfaces. (xenbase.org)
B) Purified Tcf3 protein (1 μM) blocks β-catenin degradation. (xenbase.org)
β-catenin-luciferase (4 ng) protein was injected into 2-cell stage Xenopus embryos with or without MBP -cat449/645 (4 ng). (xenbase.org)
beta-catenin was identified as a cytoplasmic cadherin-associated protein required for cadherin adhesive function (Nagafuchi, A., and M. Takeichi. (rupress.org)
This region interacts with C-cadherin and with the APC tumor suppressor protein, but not with alpha-catenin, that requires the amino-terminal region of beta-catenin to bind to the complex. (rupress.org)
These findings and the beta-catenin protein interaction data offer several intriguing possibilities for the site of action or the protein targets of beta-catenin signaling activity. (rupress.org)
Lef1N lacks the first 113 amino acids of Lef1 and a well-characterized high affinity β-catenin binding domain present in the full-length protein. (asbmr.org)
Lymphoid enhancer binding factor (Lef) 1 is a high mobility group protein best known as a Wnt-responsive transcription factor that associates with β-catenin. (asbmr.org)
We analyzed the protein distribution of two cadherin-associated molecules, plakoglobin and β-catenin, during the different stages of tooth development and tooth replacement in zebrafish. (ugent.be)
beta-catenin-2 is thus specifically required for organizer formation and this function is apparently required maternally, because the ichabod mutation causes a reduction in maternal transcription of the gene and a reduced level of beta-catenin-2 protein in the early embryo. (biomedsearch.com)
Stabilisation of and atypical subcellular localisation of beta-catenin, regulated in part through specific protein-protein interactions has been linked to cancer development, however the mechanisms behind these pathologies is yet to be fully elucidated. (genscript.com)
These data indicate that the intracellular amounts of HIC1 protein can modulate the level of the transcriptional stimulation of the genes regulated by canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. (muni.cz)
The serine/threonine kinase receptor-associated protein (STRAP), a scaffold protein, was recently shown to facilitate the aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancers. (eur.nl)
Together, these results show that the increased STRAP protein levels observed in HCC provide growth advantage among others by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. (eur.nl)
Tumors with the highest levels of beta-catenin mRNA often had over-expressed beta-catenin protein, and those with lower beta-catenin mRNA typically had low beta-catenin protein expression, but there were exceptions (high beta-catenin mRNA/low beta-catenin protein, or vice versa). (oregonstate.edu)
We conclude that DMH-induced mutations stabilize beta-catenin protein in tumors, which increase c-myc, c-jun and cyclin D1, but there also can be over-expression of beta-catenin itself at the mRNA level, contributing to high beta-catenin protein levels. (oregonstate.edu)
The APC tumor suppressor binds to C-terminal binding protein to divert nuclear beta-catenin from TCF. (ihop-net.org)
2-4 We hypothesised that a key contribution of cancer-promoting activity of AIEC may also be through their ability to activate Wnt/b-catenin signalling, and reported that Wnt target-genes were up-regulated in colonocytes at mRNA and protein level, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). (bmj.com)
Knockdown of MCC in HCT116 colon cancer cells caused a reduction in E-cadherin protein level, which is a hallmark of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer, and consequently diminished the E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex. (garvan.org.au)
With this work we aim to 1) determine the presence of active Wnt/ beta-catenin signaling following experimental focal cerebral ischemia 2) identify the cell types that it is upregulated by 3) establish its effects on neurogenesis, regeneration and recovery following stroke through administering a liposomal Wnt-3a protein preparation directly into the brain parenchyma. (cns.org)
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein involved both in cell adhesion and in activation of transcription. (exbio.cz)
The antibody EM-22 reacts with C-terminal part of beta-catenin, an 88 kDa multifunctional protein involved both in cell adhesion and in activation of transcription. (exbio.cz)
Inhibition of PDE5 and activation of PKG by SS was associated with increased beta-catenin phosphorylation, decreased beta-catenin mRNA and protein levels, reduced beta-catenin nuclear localization, decreased Tcf/Lef promoter activity, and decreased expression of Wnt/beta-catenin regulated proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
Moreover, beta-catenin, a Wnt2 downstream signaling protein, was also shown an altered distribution in healing corneas. (arvojournals.org)
In addition, binding of beta-catenin to the cell adhesion protein, cadherin, is stabilized, resulting in a concomitant increase in the strength of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion. (rupress.org)
Here, we examined Fn abundance in CRC tissues, as well as β-catenin, TLR4 and PAK1 protein abundance in Fn positive and Fn negative CRCs. (oncotarget.com)
Fn and its lipopolysaccharide induced a significant increase in TLR4/P-PAK1/P-β-catenin S675/C-myc/CyclinD1 protein abundance, as well as in the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. (oncotarget.com)
Furthermore, inhibition of TLR4 or PAK1 prior to challenge with Fn significantly decreased protein abundance of P-β-catenin S675, C-myc and Cyclin D1, as well as nuclear β-catenin accumulation. (oncotarget.com)
β-catenin is a dual function protein, regulating the coordination of cell-cell adhesion and gene transcription . (biohackers.net)
The proteosome inhibitor restores the decreased protein abundance of beta-catenin by KCC3 overexpression. (ox.ac.uk)
In conclusion, KCC3 down-regulates E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex formation by inhibiting transcription of E-cadherin gene and accelerating proteosome-dependent degradation of beta-catenin protein. (ox.ac.uk)

Genomic organization of the human beta-catenin gene (CTNNB1). (nih.gov)
We determined the primary structure of the human beta-catenin gene (CTNNB1) by analysis of cDNA and genomic clones. (nih.gov)
In the present study, 31 brain metastases that originated from primary lung carcinomas were analyzed regarding over expression of Dishevelled-1 (DVL1), Dishevelled-3 (DVL3), E-cadherin (CDH1) and beta-catenin (CTNNB1). (mdpi.com)
Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a key role in the onset and development of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), with about half of them acquiring mutations in either CTNNB1 or AXIN1. (eur.nl)
Importantly, Wnt/β-catenin signaling was impaired in all STRAP knockout/down cell lines tested, regardless of the underlying CTNNB1 or AXIN1 mutation. (eur.nl)
To express throughout the intestinal epithelium a degradation resistant β-catenin ( Ctnnb1 ) which lacks the first 131 amino acids, we inserted an epitope-tagged ΔN(1-131)-β-catenin encoding cDNA as a knockin transgene into the endogenous gpA33 gene locus in mice. (biologists.org)
We sought to expand upon this finding by characterizing β-catenin expression in the full spectrum of serrated colorectal polyps, and correlating these findings with the genetic status of BRAF, KRAS and CTNNB1 . (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Sequencing of genomic DNA extracted from a subset of HPs, SSAs, SSADs, TSAs and tubular adenomas (TAs) failed to identify any CTNNB1 mutations to account for abnormal β-catenin nuclear labeling. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Mutant CTNNB1 (ß-catenin) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers including melanoma, colorectal cancer, hepatocelluar carcinoma, and ovarian cancer ( Giles, van Es, and Clevers 2003 ). (mycancergenome.org)
CTNNB1 (ß-catenin) mutations are usually found in tumors wild type for NRAS, BRAF, KIT, and other driver mutations. (mycancergenome.org)

The following antibody was used in this experiment: beta Catenin Polyclonal Antibody from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # PA5-16762, RRID AB_10980908. (thermofisher.com)
This antibody reacts with the C-terminal portion of beta-Catenin. (thermofisher.com)
The following product was used in this experiment: Beta-catenin Antibody (UMAB15), UltraMAB™ Mouse Monoclonal from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # UM500015CF. (thermofisher.com)
The antibody does not cross react with α-catenin or γ-catenin (plakoglobin). (genetex.com)
Also, antibody perturbation experiments implicated beta-catenin in axial patterning of the early Xenopus embryo (McCrea, P. D., W. M. Brieher, and B. M. Gumbiner. (rupress.org)
Immunocytochemistry staining of beta-catenin in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 using EM-22 antibody (green). (exbio.cz)
Western blotting analysis of beta-catenin in murine 3T3 (A), C57 (B) and KW1 (C) cell lines using EM-22 antibody. (exbio.cz)

Beta-catenin interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of E-cadherin and links E-cadherin to alpha-catenin, which in turn mediates anchorage of the E-cadherin complex to the cortical actin cytoskeleton. (thermofisher.com)
In adherens junctions, alpha-catenin links the cadherin-beta-catenin complex to the actin-based cytoskeleton. (rcsb.org)
alpha-catenin is a homodimer in solution, but forms a 1:1 heterodimer with beta-catenin. (rcsb.org)
The crystal structure of the alpha-catenin dimerization domain, residues 82-279, shows that alpha-catenin dimerizes through formation of a four-helix bundle in which two antiparallel helices are contributed by each protomer. (rcsb.org)
A chimera consisting of the alpha-catenin-binding region of beta-catenin linked to the amino terminus of alpha-catenin 57-264 behaves as a monomer in solution, as expected, since beta-catenin binding disrupts the alpha-catenin dimer. (rcsb.org)
The alpha- catenin and beta-catenin then form a complex to link the actin filaments of the cytoskeleton and the E-cadherins. (redorbit.com)
4,5) Absence of alpha-catenin is found in certain tumor cell lines (8) and reduced levels in certain human carcinomas (9). (genetex.com)
Since alpha-catenin is required for cadherin-mediated adhesion, the armadillo repeat region alone probably cannot promote cell adhesion, making it unlikely that beta-catenin induces axis duplication by increasing cell adhesion. (rupress.org)
Immunoprecipitation of metabolically labeled proteins with HECD-1 revealed three bands corresponding to E-cadherin, alpha-catenin, and gamma-catenin and a 79-kDa band which was apparently smaller than that of normal beta-catenin, indicating truncated beta-catenin. (asm.org)

Three different forms of catenin (designated alpha, beta and gamma) comprise the cytoplasmic domain of the cadherin cell-cell adhesion complex [ PMID: 7945318 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
On the cytoplasmic side of adherens junctions, the classic model states that cadherins are linked to the cytoskeleton through β- and α-catenin. (cellsignal.com)
The cytoplasmic domain of classical cadherins interacts with β-catenin, γ-catenin (also called plakoglobin), and p120 catenin. (cellsignal.com)
The distinct peripheral cytosolic proteins, alpha, beta and gamma-catenin (102, 94 and 86 kD) found in many tissues (1,2,3) bind to the conserved cytoplasmic tail domain of the cell-adhesion cadherins. (genetex.com)
Catenins link E-cadherin to other integral membrane or cytoplasmic proteins and are modulated by Wnt-1 proto-oncogene. (genetex.com)
Beta-catenin binds directly to the cytoplasmic tail of E-cadherin. (genetex.com)
Beta-catenin associates with the cytoplasmic portion of E-cadherin, which is necessary for the function of E-cadherin as an adhesion molecule. (genetex.com)
However, in lobular neoplasia, a marked redistribution of beta-catenin throughout the cytoplasm results in a diffuse cytoplasmic pattern. (genetex.com)
Additionally, some rectal and gastric adenocarcinomas demonstrate diffuse cytoplasmic beta-catenin staining and a lack of membranous staining, mimicking the staining pattern observed with lobular breast carcinomas. (genetex.com)
The catenins, (alpha, beta and gamma) are cytoplasmic proteins which bind to the highly conserved tail of the E-cadherin molecule. (leicabiosystems.com)
In this study, we demonstrated that the function of E-cadherin was completely abolished in the human gastric cancer cell line HSC-39, despite the high expression of E-cadherin, because of mutations in one of the E-cadherin-associated cytoplasmic proteins, beta-catenin. (asm.org)
Cytoplasmic localization of β-Catenin has been demonstrated as a marker of poor outcome in breast cancer patients. (biocare.net)
Calcium-dependent intercellular adhesion transmembrane glycoprotein E-cadherin interacts by its cytoplasmic domain with reciprocally bound alpha, beta and gamma catenin. (exbio.cz)
We show that RET binds to, and tyrosine phosphorylates, beta-catenin and show that the interaction between RET and beta-catenin can be direct and independent of cytoplasmic kinases, such as SRC. (metabolomicscentre.nl)

Degradation of β-catenin is thus mediated by this N-terminal segment. (wikipedia.org)
Similarly, preventing the degradation of endogenous beta-catenin by inhibiting GSK3beta activity also results in more Pax7-positive-MyoD-negative (Pax7(+)MyoD(-)) satellite-cell progeny. (unboundmedicine.com)
α-catenin binds to β-catenin in the nucleus, preventing it from regulating transcription, and levels of both proteins appear to be regulated via proteasome-dependent degradation (4). (cellsignal.com)
When cells detach from one another, beta-catenin is released into the cytoplasm, targeted for degradation, and downregulated. (redorbit.com)
In the absence of Wnt signaling, the kinases CK1 and GSK3β phosphorylate β-catenin at multiple sites, leading to proteasomal degradation. (fluidigm.com)
To analyze the functions of plakoglobin in vivo, we generated transgenic mice expressing in the epidermis N-terminally truncated plakoglobin ({delta}N122-PG) lacking the glycogen synthase kinase 3{beta} phosphorylation sites and therefore protected against degradation (transgenic line K5-{delta}N122-PG). (mdc-berlin.de)
A fragment of beta-catenin and a peptide encoding the NH2 terminus of Tcf4 that block the interaction between beta-catenin and Tcf3 stimulate beta-catenin degradation, indicating this interaction normally plays an important role in regulating beta-catenin turnover. (xenbase.org)
Tcf3 synergizes with CK1epsilon to inhibit beta-catenin degradation, whereas CKI -7, an inhibitor of CK1epsilon , reduces the inhibitory effect of Tcf3 . (xenbase.org)
Tcf3 blocks β-catenin degradation in extracts and phosphorylation in vitro. (xenbase.org)
A) Translated Tcf3 but not ΔNTcf3 mRNA inhibits β-catenin degradation in extracts. (xenbase.org)
Purified ΔNTcf3 (1 μM) does not block β-catenin degradation. (xenbase.org)
A) Degradation of both β-catenin and β-cateninΔC2 is inhibited by 1 μM dsh , but only β-catenin is inhibited by 1 μM Tcf3 . (xenbase.org)
B) Graphical representation of densitometry measurements of the autoradiogram in A shows the faster degradation rate of β-cateninΔC2 compared with β-catenin . (xenbase.org)
E) Degradation of radiolabeled β-catenin in Xenopus extracts is stimulated by MBP -cat449/645 (200 nM). (xenbase.org)
C) Addition of the NH2-terminal Tcf4 peptide (2 μM) to Xenopus extracts stimulates β-catenin degradation, which is in contrast to the inhibitory effect of Tcf3 (500 nM). (xenbase.org)
In total, 19/57 (33%) of the tumors harbored mutations in beta-catenin, and 14/19 (74%) of the genetic changes substituted amino acids adjacent to Ser33, a key site for phosphorylation and beta-catenin degradation. (oregonstate.edu)
In the absence of Wnt signaling, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) phosphorylates ß-catenin, thereby targeting ß-catenin for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. (mycancergenome.org)
When Wnt binds to its receptor, Frizzled, ß-catenin phosphorylation and ubiquitin-mediated degradation are blocked. (mycancergenome.org)
In the absence of Wnt signaling, ß-catenin is phosphorylated by GSK-3, thereby resulting in poly-ubiquitination and degradation by the 20S proteasome system. (mycancergenome.org)

Mosimann C, Hausmann G, Basler K. Beta-catenin hits chromatin: regulation of Wnt target gene activation. (springer.com)
Beta-catenin plays a critical structural role in cadherin-based adhesions and is also an essential co-activator of Wnt-mediated gene expression. (nih.gov)
The intron-exon boundaries did not coincide either with conserved sites in the 12 armadillo repeat sequences of beta-catenin or with intron-exon boundaries in the armadillo gene of Drosophila. (nih.gov)
Gene ablation and transgenic expression studies strongly support the concept that beta-catenin together with Lef/Tcf factors act as a switch to determine cell fate and promote cell survival and proliferation at several stages during mammary gland development. (nih.gov)
Sequence analysis performed on DNA extracted from three samples of IPF/UIP did not reveal abnormalities affecting the beta-catenin gene. (nih.gov)
When Wnt ligands bind the Frizzled family of extracellular receptors, β-catenin is stabilized and translocates to the nucleus, where it promotes gene transcription by forming a complex with the TCF family of transcription factors. (fluidigm.com)
We have used transgenic and cell type-specific knockout strategies to determine roles for beta-catenin-regulated gene expression in normal maintenance and repair of the bronchiolar epithelium. (biomedsearch.com)
The project 'Beta-catenin/TCF target gene programs driving intestinal stem cell maintenance, colorectal cancer initiation and progression' was part of ongoing research carried out by Dr Elena Sancho. (europa.eu)
Thirdly we investigated where, in relationship to other gene products known to be active in axis formation, beta-catenin is placed. (biologists.org)
Unlike what has been reported in T cells and colon cancer cell lines, Lef1ΔN activated gene transcription in the absence of exogenous β-catenin and cooperated with constitutively active β-catenin to further stimulate gene transcription in mesenchymal and osteoblastic cells. (asbmr.org)
Together our data indicated that Lef1ΔN binds β-catenin, stimulates gene expression, and promotes terminal osteoblast differentiation. (asbmr.org)
We have identified and characterized a second zebrafish beta-catenin gene, beta-catenin-2, located on a different linkage group from the previously studied beta-catenin-1, but situated close to the ichabod mutation on LG19. (biomedsearch.com)
Reduction of beta-catenin-2 function in wild-type embryos by injection of morpholino antisense oligonucleotides (MOs) specific for this gene (MO2) results in the same ventralized phenotypes as seen in ichabod embryos, and administration of MO2 to ichabod embryos increases the extent of ventralization. (biomedsearch.com)
Loss of E-cadherin-dependent cell-cell adhesion due to mutation of the beta-catenin gene in a human cancer cell line, HSC-39. (asm.org)
Zonal gene expression in mouse liver resembles expression patterns of Ha-ras and beta-catenin mutated hepatomas. (semanticscholar.org)

Each of the beta-catenin-induced phenotypes is accompanied by upregulation of the target genes cyclin D1 and c-myc. (nih.gov)
To investigate the molecular events that may underpin dysfunctional repair processes that characterize idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis/usual interstitial pneumonia (IPF/UIP), we analyzed the expression patterns of beta-catenin on 20 IPF/UIP lung samples, together with two downstream target genes of Wnt signaling, cyclin-D1, and matrilysin. (nih.gov)
In the nucleus, beta-catenin serves to co activate a family of Lef/Tcf transcription factors that stimulate transcription of target genes including those encoding cyclin D and c-myc that promote cell proliferation. (thermofisher.com)
Since a dominant-negative version of beta-catenin had the same effect as silencing beta-catenin using specific siRNA, beta-catenin promotes self-renewal via transcriptional control of target genes. (unboundmedicine.com)
The genetic profile controlled by TGF beta in our cell system containing no more than 400 genes, the so-called TGF beta signature, clustered this collection of tumours in two perfectly identified branches, one containing only adenomas and one containing only carcinomas. (europa.eu)
Moreover, a small group of 100 genes within the TGF beta signature was capable of clustering the tumours into two branches adenoma versus carcinoma. (europa.eu)
These results implied that the difference between a benign adenoma and a potentially fatal carcinoma lay in the TGF beta signature of no more than 100 genes. (europa.eu)
Firstly, it functions in cell adhesion at the plasma membrane where it connects cadherins via α-catenin to the cytoskeleton ( 1 ) and secondly, it mediates the expression of genes controlled by Wnt-responsive elements as a transcriptional co-activator ( 2 , 3 ). (mcponline.org)
This leads to the accumulation of hypo-phosphorylated β-catenin in the cytoplasm followed by its translocation into the nucleus where it interacts with members of the Lymphoid enhancer factor/T-cell factor (LEF/TCF) 1 family to activate transcription of Wnt-responsive genes ( 13 ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ - 17 ). (mcponline.org)
To activate Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, beta-catenin (Catnb) and adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) genes were conditionally mutated in two Cre lines that are active in whole lens (MLR10) or only in differentiated fibers (MLR39), from E13.5. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Both {beta}-catenin and plakoglobin can stimulate the expression of Lef/Tcf target genes in vitro. (mdc-berlin.de)
These results indicate that E7386 controls the expression of Wnt target genes through modulation of beta-catenin/CBP interaction. (aacrjournals.org)
Residues at the amino-terminus of Lef1ΔN were required for β-catenin binding and the expression of osteoblast differentiation genes. (asbmr.org)
BCL9 and PYGO are beta-catenin cofactors that enhance the transcription of Wnt target genes. (epfl.ch)
Moreover, mutations in Bcl9 affect the expression of TBX3 targets in vivo, and modulation of TBX3 abundance impacts on Wnt target genes transcription in a beta-catenin- and TCF/LEF-dependent manner. (epfl.ch)
A redundant role of beta-catenins in suppressing formation of neurectoderm is revealed when both beta-catenin genes are inhibited. (biomedsearch.com)
We propose that the early, dorsal-promoting function of beta-catenin-2 is essential to counteract a later, dorsal- and neurectoderm-repressing function that is shared by both beta-catenin genes. (biomedsearch.com)
We noticed that increasing intracellular EpICD only was unable to improve activity of EpCAM targeted genes, but by blocking GSK-3 signaling and stabilizing beta-catenin signaling, EpICD could then significantly stimulate the promoter activity. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
In vitro functional validation studies showed that elevated vitamin D-VDR signaling inhibited Wnt/beta-catenin signaling genes. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The decreased expression of Wnt/β-Catenin targeting genes, such as cyclin D1, C-myc and survivin, and the inhibition of the activity of the transcription factor (T-cell factor 4, TCF-4) were observed in GL-treated breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrated that this regulation was conferred by binding of NKX2-5 to specific elements (NKEs) in the promoter region of the beta-catenin and GATA4 genes. (escholarship.org)
Since we found no comprehensive study on these genes in Iran, we aimed to investigate the status of both SFRP2 expression and methylation, and also β-catenin expression, in conjunction with clinical characteristics, in Iranian patients with de novo non-M3 AML. (ac.ir)
Mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli ( APC ) or β-catenin genes are the main cause of β-catenin signaling activation in the majority of CRCs [ 10 ]. (oncotarget.com)

The cytoplasmatic tail of the E-cadherin molecule binds to the proteins of the catenin family: p120-catenin, beta-catenin, and beta-catenin. (redorbit.com)
Addgene: Transformation by Wnt family proteins correlates with regulation of beta-catenin. (addgene.org)
In addition, we engineered intracellularly functional anti-β-catenin chromobodies by combining the binding moieties of the nanobodies with fluorescent proteins. (mcponline.org)
Here we find that, in colorectal cancer cells and in developing mouse forelimbs, BCL9 proteins sustain the action of beta-catenin in a largely PYGO-independent manner. (epfl.ch)
Expression and purification of human β-catenin-MBP fusion proteins. (genscript.com)
Affinity purification and mass spectrometry were used to identify potential β-catenin interacting proteins in SW480 colon cancer cells. (genscript.com)
Recombinant β-catenin constructs were used to co-isolate interacting proteins from stable isotope labelled cells followed by detection using mass spectrometry. (genscript.com)
E-cadherin and beta-catenin are key proteins that are essential in the formation of the epithelial cell layer in the colon but their regulatory pathways that are disrupted in cancer metastasis are not completely understood. (garvan.org.au)
ß-catenin is part of a complex of proteins that form adherens junctions, which are important for the establishment and maintenance of epithelial cell layers by regulating cell growth and adhesion between adjacent cells ( Hartsock and Nelson 2008 ). (mycancergenome.org)
We have examined Wnt-1 function in mammalian cells in which armadillo (beta-catenin and plakoglobin) is known to bind to and regulate cadherin cell adhesion proteins. (rupress.org)

Signaling and adhesion activities of mammalian beta-catenin and plakoglobin in Drosophila. (ebi.ac.uk)
The armadillo homologs beta-catenin and plakoglobin are differentially expressed during early development of Xenopus laevis. (ebi.ac.uk)
Plakoglobin (also called gamma-catenin) has a strikingly similar architecture to that of beta-catenin. (wikipedia.org)
Not only their ARM domains resemble each other in both architecture and ligand binding capacity, but the N-terminal β-TrCP-binding motif is also conserved in plakoglobin, implying common ancestry and shared regulation with β-catenin. (wikipedia.org)
beta}-Catenin is known to associate with Lef/Tcf factors and to participate directly in transactivation in vivo, whereas the role of plakoglobin in transcriptional regulation has been less studied. (mdc-berlin.de)
On the other hand, the expression of {delta}N122-PG in {beta}-catenin-null skin significantly increased the survival rate of mutant mice, rescued differentiation, and limited excessive proliferation in the interfollicular epidermis, suggesting that plakoglobin may be involved in the intracellular signaling events essential for epidermal differentiation. (mdc-berlin.de)
Beta-catenin and plakoglobin expressi. (ugent.be)
Verstraeten B, van Hengel J, Huysseune A. Beta-catenin and plakoglobin expression during zebrafish tooth development and replacement. (ugent.be)
We show that Wnt-1 expression results in the accumulation of beta-catenin and plakoglobin. (rupress.org)

2009 ). At cell-cell adhesion junctions, β-catenin interacts with type-I cadherins and α-catenin, which in turn associates with the actin cytoskeleton. (springer.com)
HelixC is not necessary for beta-catenin to function in cell-cell adhesion. (wikipedia.org)
Beta-catenin regulates cell-cell adhesion and transduces signals from many pathways to regulate the transcriptional activities of Tcf/Lef DNA binding factors. (nih.gov)
From these results, it was concluded that in HSC-39 cells, impaired cell-cell adhesion is due to mutations in beta-catenin which results in the dysfunction of E-cadherin. (asm.org)

A slightly larger fragment, comprising residues 57-264, binds to beta-catenin. (rcsb.org)
PRI-724 binds specifically to CBP but not the related transcriptional coactivator p300, thereby disrupting the interaction of CBP with β-catenin. (selleckchem.com)
C) Both β-catenin and β-cateninΔC2 bind to axin, but only β-catenin binds to xTcf3 in vitro. (xenbase.org)

Clevers H. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in development and disease. (springer.com)
Phospho-regulation of Beta-catenin adhesion and signaling functions. (nih.gov)
Inputs from various cell-signaling events can therefore impact beta-catenin function, which may be necessary for the finely tuned adhesive and signaling responses required for tissue morphogenesis. (nih.gov)
Mice expressing the negative regulator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling (K14-Dkk) fail to form mammary buds, and those lacking Lef-1 show an early arrest in this process at stage E13.5. (nih.gov)
Stabilized deltaN89beta-catenin initiates precocious alveologenesis during pubertal development, and negative regulators of endogenous beta-catenin signaling suppress normal alveologenesis during pregnancy. (nih.gov)
On the basis of these findings new models for IPF/UIP pathogenesis can be hypothesized, centered on the aberrant activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, with eventual triggering of divergent epithelial regeneration at bronchiolo-alveolar junctions and epithelial-mesenchymal-transitions, leading to severe and irreversible remodeling of the pulmonary tissue. (nih.gov)
The interplay between beta-catenin, cytoskeletal complexes and signaling pathways may regulate morphogenesis. (thermofisher.com)
The Wnt/[beta]-catenin signaling plays a prominent role in cell differentiation, adhesion, survival and apoptosis, and is involved in organ development, neurogenesis, and tissue fibrosis, among other functions. (thefreelibrary.com)
α-catenin also plays a role in regulating β-catenin-dependent transcriptional activity, affecting differentiation and response to Wnt signaling. (cellsignal.com)
We demonstrate that Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is active at multiple stages of tooth development. (mdc-berlin.de)
Mutation of beta-catenin to a constitutively active form in oral epithelium causes formation of large, misshapen tooth buds and ectopic teeth, and expanded expression of signaling molecules important for tooth development. (mdc-berlin.de)
Similar phenotypes are observed in embryos lacking epithelial beta-catenin, demonstrating a requirement for Wnt signaling within the epithelium. (mdc-berlin.de)
Signaling by Wnt/beta-catenin regulates self-renewal of tissue stem cells in the gut and, when activated in the embryonic bronchiolar epithelium, leads to stem cell expansion. (biomedsearch.com)
Analysis of TOPGal transgene activity detected beta-catenin signaling in the steady-state and repairing bronchiolar epithelium. (biomedsearch.com)
However, the broad distribution and phenotype of signaling cells precluded establishment of a clear role for beta-catenin in the normal or repairing state. (biomedsearch.com)
Necessity of beta-catenin signaling was tested through Cre-mediated deletion of Catnb exons 2-6 in airway epithelial cells. (biomedsearch.com)
The main effector of the Wnt signaling, beta-catenin, was up-regulated in 56%, and transferred to the nucleus in 36% of metastases. (mdpi.com)
Altered expression of Dishevelled-1, Dishevelled-3, E-cadherin and beta-catenin were present in brain metastases which indicates that Wnt signaling is important and may contribute to better understanding of genetic profile conditioning lung cancer metastasis to the brain. (mdpi.com)
Finally, inhibitor of PI3K/Akt signaling pathways inactivated the EGF-β-catenin-induced EMT. (dovepress.com)
Conditional mutations of beta-catenin and APC reveal roles for canonical Wnt signaling in lens differentiation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Only intercrosses with MLR10 resulted in ocular phenotypes, indicating Wnt/beta-catenin signaling functions in lens epithelium and during early fiber differentiation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Thus, ΔN122-PG cannot substitute for {beta}-catenin in its signaling functions in vivo and the phenotype observed in K5-{delta}N122-PG mouse skin must be due to the aberrant activation of {beta}-catenin signaling. (mdc-berlin.de)
Embryonic axis induction by the armadillo repeat domain of beta-catenin: evidence for intracellular signaling. (rupress.org)
We propose, rather, that beta-catenin acts in this circumstance as an intracellular signaling molecule. (rupress.org)
In Drosophila, Notum, a secreted alpha/beta-hydrolase, antagonizes the signaling of the prototypical Wnt Wingless (Wg), by releasing glypicans from the cell surface. (luriechildrens.org)
Our work shows that zebrafish Notum 1a, an ortholog of mammalian Notum, contributes to a self-regulatory loop that restricts Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. (luriechildrens.org)
Recent studies implicate Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in lens differentiation (Stump, R. J., et al. (epfl.ch)
2003. A role for Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in lens epithelial differentiation. (epfl.ch)
Beta-catenin is a component of adherens junctions and functions as a transcriptional activator in canonical Wnt signaling. (epfl.ch)
These data indicate that beta-catenin plays distinct functions during lens fiber differentiation and is involved in both Wnt signaling and adhesion-related mechanisms that regulate lens epithelium and early fiber differentiation. (epfl.ch)
As a model for niche signaling dynamics on NSC function, we developed a tunable optogenetic system to modulate β-catenin signaling via Cry2 oligomerization of the LRP6 intracellular domain. (moleculardevices.com)
These observations also identify STRAP as a new player in regulating β-catenin signaling in hepatocellular cancers. (eur.nl)
Implications: Elevated STRAP levels in hepatocellular cancers provide a growth advantage by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. (eur.nl)
These results showed that EpCAM intracellular domain required beta-catenin signaling to enhance porcine cell reprogramming. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
However, beta-catenin mRNA levels were strongly correlated with mRNA levels of c-myc, c-jun and cyclin D1, which are targets of beta-catenin/Tcf signaling. (oregonstate.edu)
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling mediates oval cell response in rodents. (semanticscholar.org)
Wnt/β-catenin signaling controls intrahepatic biliary network formation in zebrafish by regulating notch activity. (semanticscholar.org)
β-Catenin regulation of farnesoid X receptor signaling and bile acid metabolism during murine cholestasis. (semanticscholar.org)
High VDR expressing tumors had downregulation of proliferative pathways, notably Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. (whiterose.ac.uk)
In summary, vitamin D-VDR signaling contributes to controlling pro-proliferative/immunosuppresive Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in melanoma and this is associated with less metastatic disease and stronger host immune responses. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Wnt/ beta-catenin signaling has been identified as an essential component of adult neurogenesis within the hippocampus. (cns.org)
Axin 2 +/- male mice, reporter for Wnt/ beta-catenin signaling, were subjected to 30 min MCAO. (cns.org)
Here, we report a novel biphasic role of chondroitin sulfate in the specification of the cardiac cell lineage during embryonic stem cell differentiation through modulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. (luriechildrens.org)
Treatment with a specific exogenous chondroitin sulfate, CS-E, could mimic these biphasic effects on cardiac differentiation and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. (luriechildrens.org)
There is accumulating evidence that Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is involved in the regulation of liver development and physiology. (semanticscholar.org)
TLR3 promotes MMP-9 production in primary human airway epithelial cells through Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. (inserm.fr)
We show here that (1) endothelial cells in these high permeability vascular systems have very low beta-catenin signaling compared to barrier-competent endothelial cells, and (2) elevating beta-catenin signaling leads to a partial conversion of permeable endothelial cells to a barrier-type state. (elsevier.com)
Nuclear activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is required for cell proliferation in inflammation and cancer. (uky.edu)
Furthermore, we isolated a strain of Fn (F01) from a CRC tissue and examined whether Fn (F01) infection of colon cancer cells activated β-catenin signaling via the TLR4/P-PAK1/P-β-catenin S675 cascade. (oncotarget.com)
Our data suggest that invasive Fn activates β-catenin signaling via a TLR4/P-PAK1/P-β-catenin S675 cascade in CRC. (oncotarget.com)
It was recently suggested that, in addition to genetic mutations, other signaling pathways and microenvironmental factors (such as gut flora) may be required to stabilize nuclear β-catenin [ 11 , 12 ]. (oncotarget.com)

The degree to which beta-catenin participates in these two functions is dictated by the availability of beta-catenin binding partners, and an emerging theme is that these binding interactions are regulated by phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
IWP-2 blocks Wnt-dependent phosphorylation of Lrp6 receptor and Dvl2, and β-catenin accumulation. (selleckchem.com)
Tcf3 is a substrate for both glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3 and casein kinase (CK) 1epsilon, and phosphorylation of Tcf3 by CKIepsilon stimulates its binding to beta-catenin, an effect reversed by GSK3 . (xenbase.org)
D) Tcf3 inhibits the phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK3 and axin in a purified system. (xenbase.org)
This prevents phosphorylation of downstream molecules allowing β-catenin association with Tcf/Lef in the nucleus and subsequent increased cell proliferation. (springermedizin.de)
As a result of RET -mediated tyrosine phosphorylation, beta-catenin escapes cytosolic down-regulation by the adenomatous polyposis coli/Axin/glycogen synthase kinase-3 complex and accumulates in the nucleus, where it can stimulate beta-catenin-specific transcriptional programs in a RET -dependent fashion. (metabolomicscentre.nl)
We demonstrate that BDNF's ability to mobilize synaptic vesicle clusters depends on the dissociation of cadherin-beta-catenin adhesion complexes that occurs after tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-catenin. (escholarship.org)

Meanwhile, β-catenin was shown to be an integral component of cadherin-mediated cell adhesion complexes. (springer.com)
Beta-catenin forms a cadherin/beta-catenin/alphaE-catenin complex that can tether the tripartite adhesion complex and regulate actin dynamics [ PMID: 23739176 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
The majority of beta-catenin is localized to the cell membrane and is part of E-cadherin/catenin adhesion complexes which are proposed to couple cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton. (abcam.com)
ABSTRACT In this article, we show, using a mathematical multiscale model, how cell adhesion may be regulated by interactions between E-cadherin and beta-catenin and how the control of cell adhesion may be related to cell migration, to the epithelial- mesenchymal transition and to invasion in populations of eukaryotic cells. (redorbit.com)
In normal tissues, beta-catenin is localized to the membrane of epithelial cells, consistent with its role in the cell adhesion complex. (genetex.com)
Loss of beta-catenin also affected the formation of adhesion junctions as evidenced by dissociation of N-cadherin and F-actin localization in differentiating fiber cells. (epfl.ch)
However, loss of beta-catenin from terminally differentiating fibers had no apparent effects on adhesion junctions between adjacent embryonic fibers. (epfl.ch)
β-Catenin adhesion complex impairment is also associated with a poorly differentiated phenotype and increased invasiveness of carcinomas. (biocare.net)

Takuya Murata of RIKEN BRC, the first author of the paper, says, "Because the amino acid sequence of beta-catenin is 100% identical in humans and mice, the nucleotide change we saw could cause the same mutation in humans. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In zebrafish, previous loss-of-function studies have not identified an essential role for beta-catenin in dorsal axis formation, but the maternal-effect mutation ichabod disrupts beta-catenin accumulation in dorsal nuclei and leads to a reduction of dorsoanterior derivatives. (biomedsearch.com)
Although the ichabod mutation does not functionally alter the beta-catenin-2 reading frame, the level of maternal beta-catenin-2, but not beta-catenin-1, transcript is substantially lower in ichabod, compared with wild-type, embryos. (biomedsearch.com)
Southern blotting of beta-catenin DNA disclosed mutation at the genomic level. (asm.org)
Tumors from rats given 1,2-dimethylhydrazine plus chlorophyllin or indole-3-carbinol contain transcriptional changes in beta-catenin that are independent of beta-catenin mutation status. (oregonstate.edu)
In the present study, we determined the mutation status of beta-catenin in more than 50 DMH-induced colon tumors and small intestine tumors, and compared this with the concomitant expression of beta-catenin mRNA using quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis. (oregonstate.edu)
These tumors were found to express a 10-fold range of beta-catenin mRNA levels, independent of the beta-catenin mutation status and phytochemical exposure, i.e. (oregonstate.edu)

Three-dimensional structure of the armadillo repeat region of beta-catenin. (ebi.ac.uk)
12) The central core region of beta-catenin is involved in mediation of cadherin-catenin complex interaction with EGFR. (genetex.com)

Alterations in the localization and expression levels of beta-catenin have been associated with various forms of heart disease, including dilated cardiomyopathy. (wikipedia.org)

Expression of beta-catenin mRNA is regulated by positive and negative signals derived from neural tube, notochord and lateral plate mesoderm. (biologists.org)
NKX2-5 regulates the expression of beta-catenin and GATA4 in ventricular myocytes. (escholarship.org)
Expression of Beta-catenin (SMED30019916) in the t-SNE clustered sub-lethally irradiated X1 and X2 cells. (stowers.org)

Mutations and overexpression of β-catenin are associated with many cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, lung cancer, malignant breast tumors, ovarian and endometrial cancer. (wikipedia.org)
A pathological role of beta-catenin has been identified in pilomatrixoma (PTR), medulloblastoma (MDB), colorectal cancer (CRC), ovarian cancer, and tumor development. (thermofisher.com)
In addition, the data extracted from the microarray analysis of CRC cells with restored TGF beta signalling was used to study a collection of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas for which there was available microarray information. (europa.eu)
Studies from our group indicate that β-catenin activation in colitis and colorectal cancer (CRC) correlates with increased nuclear levels of β-catenin phosphorylated at serine 552 (pβ-Cat 552 ). (uky.edu)

2018) Beta-Catenin. (springer.com)
The report then estimates 2018-2023 market development trends of Beta Catenin industry. (reportsnreports.com)
and Barrett, Terrence A., "Beta-Catenin Cleavage Enhances Transcriptional Activation" (2018). (uky.edu)

β-catenin and γ-catenin associate with α-catenin, which links the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton (1,2). (cellsignal.com)
E- cadherins bind to beta-catenin to form a complex which can interact both with neighboring cells to form bonds, and with the cytoskeleton of the cell. (redorbit.com)
Beta-catenin links this complex through alpha-actinin to the cytoskeleton. (exbio.cz)

In U87 cell line, inhibition of β-catenin by siRNA suppressed EGF-induced proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and the expression of EMT activators (Snail and Slug). (dovepress.com)
These findings provide evidence that SS induces apoptosis of breast tumor cells through a mechanism involving inhibition of PDE5 and attenuation of oncogenic Wnt/beta-catenin mediated transcription. (aacrjournals.org)

We showed that zygotic transcription of beta-catenin starts after the midblastula transition (MBT), but does not rescue dorsal axial structures. (biologists.org)
1996 ) Functional interaction of-catenin with the transcription factor Lef-1. (biologists.org)
Lymphoid enhancer binding factor (Lef) 1 is a Wnt-responsive transcription factor that associates with β-catenin. (asbmr.org)
We identified the transcription factor TBX3 as a candidate tissue-specific member of the beta-catenin transcriptional complex. (epfl.ch)
Here, we provide evidence that HIC1 antagonizes the TCF/beta-catenin-mediated transcription in Wnt-stimulated cells. (muni.cz)
5 Here, we further investigated the ability of AIEC to activate Wnt transcription and nuclear translocation of b-catenin. (bmj.com)
ß-catenin is then free to translocate to the cell nucleus where it acts as a co-factor for the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancing factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factors. (mycancergenome.org)
ß-catenin subsequently translocates to the nucleus, where it acts as a co-factor for the TCF/LEF family of transcription factors. (mycancergenome.org)
Suppression of PDE5 with siRNA or known PDE5 inhibitors was sufficient to selectively induce apoptosis and attenuate beta-catenin mediated transcription in breast tumor cells with minimal effects on normal mammary epithelial cells. (aacrjournals.org)

MCC inhibits beta-catenin transcriptional activity by sequestering DBC1 in the cytoplasm. (sigmaaldrich.com)
β-catenin also localizes to multiple subcellular locations including the cytoplasm where its levels are tightly controlled. (springermedizin.de)
Beta-catenin level in cytoplasm is controlled by glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta. (exbio.cz)

Interestingly, nuclear beta-catenin accumulation was also demonstrated in fibroblast foci in most (16 of 20) IPF/UIP samples, often associated with bronchiolar lesions. (nih.gov)
Moreover, the chromobody signal allowed us to trace the accumulation of diffusible, hypo-phosphorylated β-catenin in response to compound treatment in real time using High Content Imaging. (mcponline.org)
1994 ) -catenin localization during Xenopus embryogenesis-accumulation at tissue and somite boundaries. (biologists.org)
Immunolabeling for β-catenin confirmed the presence of abnormal nuclear accumulation in SSAs, with 35/54 (67%) SSAs showing nuclear labeling compared to 0/12 hyperplastic polyps (HPs). (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

We selected nanobodies recognizing the N-terminal, core or C-terminal domain of β-catenin and applied these new high-affinity binders as capture molecules in sandwich immunoassays and co-immunoprecipitations of endogenous β-catenin complexes. (mcponline.org)
For the first time, we were able to visualize the subcellular localization and nuclear translocation of endogenous β-catenin in living cells using these chromobodies. (mcponline.org)
In particular, we identified interaction with a set of coatomer complex I subunits implicated in retrograde transport at the Golgi, and confirmed endogenous interaction of β-catenin with coatomer subunit COPB using immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence microscopy. (genscript.com)

The expression and intracellular localization of beta-catenin is altered in many types of cancers. (agilent.com)
To fulfill these different tasks properly, well-balanced intracellular levels of β-catenin are required. (mcponline.org)
Flow cytometry analysis (intracellular) of beta-catenin in human MCF-7 cell line by EM-22 -Alexa Fluor ® 488 (red) compared to isotype control (blue). (exbio.cz)

Research studies have demonstrated that loss of E-cadherin and α-E-catenin occurs during the progression of several human cancers, indicating that the breakdown of adherens junctions is important in cancer progression (reviewed in 1).Research studies also suggest that, rather than acting as a static link between cadherins and actin, α-catenin regulates actin dynamics directly, possibly by competing with the actin nucleating arp2/3 complex (2,3). (cellsignal.com)
While β- and γ-catenin play structural roles in the junctional complex, p120 regulates cadherin adhesive activity and trafficking (1-4). (cellsignal.com)
KCl cotransporter-3 down-regulates E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition. (ox.ac.uk)

But, by using the real-time imaging technique in mouse embryos, we could show that increasing Beta-catenin also corresponded with ongoing, even ectopic, oscillations of the segmentation clock, which controls the rate of somite development. (innovations-report.com)
Here we investigated, firstly, the role(s) of beta-catenin in spatial terms, in different regions of the embryo, by injecting beta-catenin mRNA into individual blastomeres of beta-catenin-depleted embryos at the 32 cell stage. (biologists.org)
F) β-catenin-luciferase is degraded more rapidly in embryos when coinjected with MBP -cat449/645. (xenbase.org)
The sites of injection of 150 pg of b-catenin mRNA into 32 cell-stage b-catenin-deficient embryos. (xenbase.org)
b-catenin mRNA rescues the dorsal axis when injected into single animal, equatorial or vegetal cells of b-catenin -depleted 32-cell stage embryos.The degree of rescue is shown in AD. (xenbase.org)
A) Animal caps from b-catenin overexpressing embryos produce a 'dorsal signal' but will not induce animal caps to form mesoderm. (xenbase.org)
MOs directed against beta-catenin-1 (MO1), by contrast, had no ventralizing effect on wild-type embryos. (biomedsearch.com)

Nowak M, Madej JA, Dziegiel P: Expression of E-cadherin, beta-catenin and Ki-67 antigen and their reciprocal relationships in mammary adenocarcinomas in bitches. (exbio.cz)

We find that BVg1, bFGF, tBR (the truncated form of BMP2/4R), siamois and noggin activities are all downstream of beta-catenin, as shown by the fact that injection of their mRNAs rescues the effect of depleting maternally encoded beta-catenin. (biologists.org)
No, Beta-catenin is the downstream transcriptional effector of the Wnt ligand. (coursehero.com)

Mechanistically, we establish that MCC interacts with the E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex. (garvan.org.au)

In Xenopus, Wnt signals and their transcriptional effector beta-catenin are required for the development of dorsal axial structures. (biomedsearch.com)
Beta-catenin is well-known as a key effector of Wnt signalling and aberrant expression is associated with several human cancers. (genscript.com)

B) Overexpression of b-catenin in animal caps causes them to be dorsalized. (xenbase.org)
Here we report that overexpression of beta-catenin in the ventral side of the early Xenopus embryo, by injection of synthetic beta-catenin mRNA, induces the formation of a complete secondary body axis. (rupress.org)

To date, β-catenin has been reported to be implicated in mediating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a variety of human cancers, which can be triggered by EGF. (dovepress.com)

We demonstrate that Tcf3 can inhibit beta-catenin turnover via its competition with axin and adenomatous polyposis for beta-catenin binding. (xenbase.org)

Stabilized beta-catenin induces hyperplasia and mammary tumors in mice. (nih.gov)
The expression of {delta}N122-PG led to the formation of additional hair germs, hyperplastic hair follicles, and noninvasive hair follicle tumors, a phenotype reminiscent of that induced by expression of N-terminally truncated {beta}-catenin. (mdc-berlin.de)
However, if expressed in {beta}-catenin-null epidermis, {delta}N122-PG did not induce new hair follicle germs and follicular tumors. (mdc-berlin.de)
Tumors induced in the rat by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) contain mutations in beta-catenin, but the spectrum of such mutations can be influenced by phytochemicals such as chlorophyllin (CHL) and indole-3-carbinol (I3C). (oregonstate.edu)

Crystal structure of a beta-catenin/Tcf complex. (ebi.ac.uk)
D) Half-life of the axin-β-catenin complex. (xenbase.org)
Our work implicates TBX3 as context-dependent component of the Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent transcriptional complex. (epfl.ch)
The GL treatment resulted in a significant reduction of β-Catenin /TCF-4 complex in both of the cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The ß-catenin-TCF/LEF complex results in the activation of targets including c-MYC and Cyclin-D1 (for review, see Giles, van Es, and Clevers 2003 ). (mycancergenome.org)
The disruption of E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex formation promotes EMT, thereby stimulating tumor progression. (ox.ac.uk)

Overexpressed in vitro double truncated β-catenin increased transcriptional activity, cell proliferation and growth of tumor xenografts compared to FS β-catenin. (uky.edu)

95% the binding of [35S]methionine-labeled β-catenin to Tcf3 in vitro (ii). (xenbase.org)

Nuclear translocation of b-catenin was assessed by immunofluorescence in CRC cell-lines SW480 and DLD1. (bmj.com)
Infection of SW480 and DLD1 showed significant increases in b -catenin nuclear translocation as per prostaglandin E2 treatment (1-10 μM). (bmj.com)
alanin substitution abrogated K48 polyubiquitination, β-catenin nuclear translocation and tumor xenograft growth. (uky.edu)

The different tasks of β-catenin are orchestrated by its subcellular localization and participation in multiprotein complexes. (mcponline.org)

Complete loss of beta-catenin resulted in an abnormal and deficient epithelial layer with loss of E-cadherin and Pax6 expression as well as abnormal expression of c-Maf and p57(kip2) but not Prox1. (epfl.ch)

Furthermore, an analysis of beta-catenin deletion constructs demonstrates that the internal armadillo repeat region is both necessary and sufficient to induce axis duplication. (rupress.org)

Grigoryan T, Wend P, Klaus A, Birchmeier W. Deciphering the function of canonical Wnt signals in development and disease: conditional loss- and gain-of-function mutations of beta-catenin in mice. (springer.com)

The results indicate that beta-catenin can rescue the dorsal axial structures in a non-cell-autonomous way and without changing the fates of the injected cells. (biologists.org)

2001), Physiological regulation of [beta]-catenin stab. (xenbase.org)
Physiological regulation of [beta]-catenin stability by Tcf3 and CK1epsilon . (xenbase.org)
We show that down-regulation of beta-catenin activity decreases RET -mediated cell proliferation, colony formation, and tumor growth in nude mice. (metabolomicscentre.nl)
Here, we studied regulation of beta-catenin and GATA4 by NKX2-5 in human fetal cardiac myocytes. (escholarship.org)

E7386 disrupted the interaction between beta-catenin and CBP in co-immunoprecipitation assay. (aacrjournals.org)

Takemaru K-I, Ohmitsu M, Li F-Q. An oncogenic hub: beta-catenin as a molecular target for cancer therapeutics. (springer.com)
Molecular cloning reveals alternative splice forms of human alpha(E)-catenin. (ebi.ac.uk)
Together, this data demonstrates that the disruption of cadherin-beta-catenin complexes is an important molecular event through which BDNF increases synapse density in cultured hippocampal neurons. (escholarship.org)
Biochemical analysis of nuclear extracts from cancer biopsies revealed the existence of low molecular weight (LMW) pβ-Cat 552 , increased to the exclusion of full size (FS) forms of β-catenin. (uky.edu)

Essential and opposing roles of zebrafish beta-catenins in the formation of dorsal axial structures and neurectoderm. (biomedsearch.com)

Specificity Recognizes human Catenin, beta. (gentaur.com)

The distribution of Wnt2 and beta-catenin in rat corneas was examined by Immunofluorescence staining. (arvojournals.org)

In cardiac muscle, beta-catenin localizes to adherens junctions in intercalated disc structures, which are critical for electrical and mechanical coupling between adjacent cardiomyocytes. (wikipedia.org)

We show that chick frizzled 1 (Fz1), beta-catenin and Lef1 are expressed during somitogenesis. (biologists.org)
Lef1 and beta-catenin transcripts become restricted to the developing myotome. (biologists.org)
In somite explants, Fz1, beta-catenin and Lef1 are expressed prior to activation of myogenesis in response to Shh and Wnt signals. (biologists.org)
Here we show that Lef1ΔN retains the ability to physically and functionally interact with β-catenin. (asbmr.org)

Subcellular fractionation demonstrated that all of the beta-catenin constructs that contain the armadillo repeat domain were present in both the soluble cytosolic and the membrane fraction. (rupress.org)
LMW β-catenin lacks both termini, leaving residues in the armadillo repeat intact. (uky.edu)

Over the past two decades, interdisciplinary research has tremendously advanced our knowledge of β-catenin function and its involvement in human disorders (Takemaru et al. (springer.com)
Synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser45 of human Beta Catenin. (abcam.com)
synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal region (amino acids 768-781) of human/mouse β-catenin, conjugated with gluteraldehyde to KLH. (genetex.com)
Western Blot of Catenin, beta (p120) in human brain 1) absence and 2) presence of immunizing peptide and 3) mouse brain lysate using Catenin, beta (p120) PAb. (genetex.com)
Human endometrial adenocarcinoma: immunohistochemical staining for beta-catenin using NCL-B-CAT. (leicabiosystems.com)
Thus, further studies are warranted on the mechanisms that upregulate beta-catenin at the transcriptional level in human and rodent colon cancers. (oregonstate.edu)
This study suggests that NKX2-5 modulates the beta-catenin and GATA4 transcriptional activities in developing human cardiac myocytes. (escholarship.org)

Anatomy10

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment7

Phenomena and Processes10

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Alzheimer's disease: clues from flies and worms. (1/5919)

The human F box protein beta-Trcp associates with the Cul1/Skp1 complex and regulates the stability of beta-catenin. (2/5919)

Axin prevents Wnt-3a-induced accumulation of beta-catenin. (3/5919)

Glucocorticoid down-regulation of fascin protein expression is required for the steroid-induced formation of tight junctions and cell-cell interactions in rat mammary epithelial tumor cells. (4/5919)

Frequent nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of beta-catenin without exon 3 mutations in malignant melanoma. (5/5919)

Expression of CD44 in Apc and Tcf mutant mice implies regulation by the WNT pathway. (6/5919)

Cadherin-11 is expressed in invasive breast cancer cell lines. (7/5919)

Coupling assembly of the E-cadherin/beta-catenin complex to efficient endoplasmic reticulum exit and basal-lateral membrane targeting of E-cadherin in polarized MDCK cells. (8/5919)

beta Catenin

Catenins

alpha Catenin

Cytoskeletal Proteins

Cadherins

Intestinal Polyps

Trans-Activators

Axin Signaling Complex

gamma Catenin

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Wnt Proteins

Wilms Tumor

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli

Desmoplakins

Tumor Markers, Biological

Interleukin-1beta

Signal Transduction

Cell Nucleus

Adherens Junctions

Neoplasm Proteins

Cytoplasm

Immunoenzyme Techniques

Cell Adhesion Molecules

beta 2-Microglobulin

Immunohistochemistry

Colorectal Neoplasms

Cell Adhesion

Adenocarcinoma

Phosphoproteins

Receptors, Adrenergic, beta

Integrin beta3

Prognosis

Transforming Growth Factor beta

Armadillo Domain Proteins

Cell Line

Desmosomal Cadherins

Cells, Cultured

Intercellular Junctions

Integrin alpha5beta1

Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3

Integrin beta4

Integrin alpha6beta4

Integrin beta Chains

beta 2-Glycoprotein I

Integrin alpha4beta1

Phosphorylation

Integrin alpha2beta1

Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2

rhoA GTP-Binding Protein

Transfection

RNA, Messenger

rac1 GTP-Binding Protein

Precipitin Tests

Blotting, Western

Protein Transport

Integrins

Interleukin-1

Antigens, CD29

Molecular Sequence Data

Integrin alpha6beta1

Cell Movement

Base Sequence

Epithelial Cells

Protein Binding

Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1

Desmogleins

Fluorescent Antibody Technique

Mutation

Integrin alpha1beta1

Blood-Air Barrier

Binding Sites

rho GTP-Binding Proteins

Axin Protein

Recombinant Proteins

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Cell Line, Tumor

Cytoskeleton

Alzheimer's disease: clues from flies and worms. (1/5919)

The human F box protein beta-Trcp associates with the Cul1/Skp1 complex and regulates the stability of beta-catenin. (2/5919)

Axin prevents Wnt-3a-induced accumulation of beta-catenin. (3/5919)