AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth CareGeographicals
BegomovirusGeminiviridaeIndian Ocean IslandsMalvaceaeLycopersicon esculentumAbelmoschusPlant DiseasesIpomoeaDNA, SatelliteTobaccoManihotAgeratumHemipteraGossypiumSolanum nigrumPhaseolusCrotalariaCucumisDNA, ViralSatellite VirusesPlant LeavesGenome, ViralPhylogenyCapsicumRecombination, GeneticSequence Analysis, DNAPakistanMolecular Sequence DataViral ProteinsEvolution, MolecularCluster AnalysisIndiaMiddle EastGlaucoma Drainage ImplantsSonchusCommelinaBrassica rapaNepalSudanPlant Viral Movement ProteinsCarrier ProteinsAmino Acid SequenceAtlantic IslandsMosaic VirusesAngolaEncyclopedias as TopicTerminology as TopicGermanyRed CrossClassificationBacteriaEditorial Policies
Begomovirus
A genus of plant viruses in the family GEMINIVIRIDAE that are transmitted in nature by whitefly Bemisia tabaci.
Geminiviridae
A family of plant viruses where the VIRION possesses an unusual morphology consisting of a pair of isometric particles. Transmission occurs via leafhoppers or whitefly. Some viruses cause economically important diseases in cultivated plants. There are four genera: Mastrevirus, Curtovirus, Topocuvirus, and BEGOMOVIRUS.
Indian Ocean Islands
Numerous islands in the Indian Ocean situated east of Madagascar, north to the Arabian Sea and east to Sri Lanka. Included are COMOROS (republic), MADAGASCAR (republic), Maldives (republic), MAURITIUS (parliamentary democracy), Pemba (administered by Tanzania), REUNION (a department of France), and SEYCHELLES (republic).
Malvaceae
The mallow family of the order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. Members include GOSSYPIUM, okra (ABELMOSCHUS), HIBISCUS, and CACAO. The common names of hollyhock and mallow are used for several genera of Malvaceae.
Lycopersicon esculentum
A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.
Abelmoschus
A plant genus of the family MALVACEAE, order Malvales, subclass Dilleniidae best known for okra.
Plant Diseases
Diseases of plants.
Ipomoea
A plant genus in the family CONVOLVULACEAE best known for morning glories (a common name also used with CONVOLVULUS) and sweet potato.
DNA, Satellite
Highly repetitive DNA sequences found in HETEROCHROMATIN, mainly near centromeres. They are composed of simple sequences (very short) (see MINISATELLITE REPEATS) repeated in tandem many times to form large blocks of sequence. Additionally, following the accumulation of mutations, these blocks of repeats have been repeated in tandem themselves. The degree of repetition is on the order of 1000 to 10 million at each locus. Loci are few, usually one or two per chromosome. They were called satellites since in density gradients, they often sediment as distinct, satellite bands separate from the bulk of genomic DNA owing to a distinct BASE COMPOSITION.
Tobacco
A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.
Manihot
A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE that is perennial with conspicuous, almost palmate leaves like those of RICINUS but more deeply parted into five to nine lobes. It is a source of a starch after removal of the cyanogenic glucosides. The common name of Arrowroot is also used with Maranta (MARANTACEAE). The common name of yuca is also used for YUCCA.
Ageratum
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE that contains PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS. Yellow vein disease of Ageratum is caused by a viral DNA complex of a begomovirus (GEMINIVIRIDAE).
Hemiptera
A large order of insects characterized by having the mouth parts adapted to piercing or sucking. It is comprised of four suborders: HETEROPTERA, Auchenorrhyncha, Sternorrhyncha, and Coleorrhyncha.
Gossypium
A plant genus of the family MALVACEAE. It is the source of COTTON FIBER; COTTONSEED OIL, which is used for cooking, and GOSSYPOL. The economically important cotton crop is a major user of agricultural PESTICIDES.
Solanum nigrum
A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE that contains steroidal glycosides.
Phaseolus
A plant genus in the family FABACEAE which is the source of edible beans and the lectin PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS.
Crotalaria
A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that contains crotalarin.
Cucumis
A plant genus of the family CUCURBITACEAE, order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae best known for cucumber (CUCUMIS SATIVUS) and cantaloupe (CUCUMIS MELO). Watermelon is a different genus, CITRULLUS. Bitter melon may refer to MOMORDICA or this genus.
DNA, Viral
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
Satellite Viruses
Defective viruses which can multiply only by association with a helper virus which complements the defective gene. Satellite viruses may be associated with certain plant viruses, animal viruses, or bacteriophages. They differ from satellite RNA; (RNA, SATELLITE) in that satellite viruses encode their own coat protein.
Plant Leaves
Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)
Genome, Viral
The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Capsicum
A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. The hot peppers yield CAPSAICIN, which activates VANILLOID RECEPTORS. Several varieties have sweet or pungent edible fruits that are used as vegetables when fresh and spices when the pods are dried.
Recombination, Genetic
Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.
Sequence Analysis, DNA
A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.
Pakistan
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Viral Proteins
Proteins found in any species of virus.
Evolution, Molecular
The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.
Cluster Analysis
A set of statistical methods used to group variables or observations into strongly inter-related subgroups. In epidemiology, it may be used to analyze a closely grouped series of events or cases of disease or other health-related phenomenon with well-defined distribution patterns in relation to time or place or both.
India
Middle East
The region of southwest Asia and northeastern Africa usually considered as extending from Libya on the west to Afghanistan on the east. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988)
Glaucoma Drainage Implants
Devices, usually incorporating unidirectional valves, which are surgically inserted in the sclera to maintain normal intraocular pressure.
Sonchus
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. Sesquiterpene lactone glucosides (SESQUITERPENES) have been found in it.
Commelina
A plant genus of the family COMMELINACEAE of perennial herbs with blue flowers.
Brassica rapa
A plant species cultivated for the seed used as animal feed and as a source of canola cooking oil.
Nepal
Sudan
A country in northeastern Africa. The capital is Khartoum.
Plant Viral Movement Proteins
Viral proteins that facilitate the movement of viruses between plant cells by means of PLASMODESMATA, channels that traverse the plant cell walls.
Carrier Proteins
Transport proteins that carry specific substances in the blood or across cell membranes.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Atlantic Islands
Widely scattered islands in the Atlantic Ocean as far north as the AZORES and as far south as the South Sandwich Islands, with the greatest concentration found in the CARIBBEAN REGION. They include Annobon Island, Ascension, Canary Islands, Falkland Islands, Fernando Po (also called Isla de Bioko and Bioko), Gough Island, Madeira, Sao Tome and Principe, Saint Helena, and Tristan da Cunha.
Mosaic Viruses
Viruses which produce a mottled appearance of the leaves of plants.
Angola
A republic in southern Africa, southwest of DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO and west of ZAMBIA. Its capital is Luanda.
Encyclopedias as Topic
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Terminology as Topic
The terms, expressions, designations, or symbols used in a particular science, discipline, or specialized subject area.
Germany
Red Cross
International collective of humanitarian organizations led by volunteers and guided by its Congressional Charter and the Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross Movement, to provide relief to victims of disaster and help people prevent, prepare for, and respond to emergencies.
Classification
The systematic arrangement of entities in any field into categories classes based on common characteristics such as properties, morphology, subject matter, etc.
Bacteria
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Editorial Policies
The guidelines and policy statements set forth by the editor(s) or editorial board of a publication.

DNA helicase activity is associated with the replication initiator protein rep of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus. (1/170)

The Rep protein of tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV), a single-stranded DNA virus of plants, is the replication initiator essential for virus replication. TYLCSV Rep has been classified among ATPases associated with various cellular activities (AAA+ ATPases), in superfamily 3 of small DNA and RNA virus replication initiators whose paradigmatic member is simian virus 40 large T antigen. Members of this family are DNA- or RNA-dependent ATPases with helicase activity necessary for viral replication. Another distinctive feature of AAA+ ATPases is their quaternary structure, often composed of hexameric rings. TYLCSV Rep has ATPase activity, but the helicase activity, which is instrumental in further characterization of the mechanism of rolling-circle replication used by geminiviruses, has been a longstanding question. We present results showing that TYLCSV Rep lacking the 121 N-terminal amino acids has helicase activity comparable to that of the other helicases: requirements for a 3' overhang and 3'-to-5' polarity of unwinding, with some distinct features and with a minimal AAA+ ATPase domain. We also show that the helicase activity is dependent on the oligomeric state of the protein.  (+info)

Synergism of a DNA and an RNA virus: enhanced tissue infiltration of the begomovirus Abutilon mosaic virus (AbMV) mediated by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). (2/170)

Replication of the begomovirus Abutilon mosaic virus (AbMV) is restricted to phloem nuclei, generating moderate levels of virus DNA. Co-infection with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) evidently increased AbMV titers in Nicotiana benthamiana, tobacco, and tomato, resulting in synergistic symptom enhancement. In situ hybridization revealed that in double-infected leaves an increased number of nuclei contained elevated amounts of AbMV. Additionally, the begomoviral phloem-limitation was broken. Whereas CMV 3a movement protein-expressing tobacco plants did not exert any similar influence, the presence of CMV 2b silencing suppressor protein lead to enhanced AbMV titers and numbers of infected vascular cells. The findings prove that AbMV can replicate in nonvascular cells and represent the first report on a true synergism of an RNA/ssDNA virus combination in plants, in which CMV 2b protein plays a role. They indicate considerable consequences of mixed infections between begomo- and cucumoviruses on virus epidemiology and agriculture.  (+info)

Suppressor of RNA silencing encoded by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-Israel. (3/170)

The Israeli isolate of Tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (TYLCV-Is) is a major tomato pathogen, causing extensive crop losses both in the New and Old World. Surprisingly, however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of TYLCV-Is interactions with tomato cells. Here, we have identified a TYLCV-Is protein, V2, which acts as a suppressor of RNA silencing and which is unrelated to presently known viral suppressors. Specifically, V2, but not other proteins of TYLCV-Is, inhibited RNA silencing of a reporter transgene, GFP. This inhibition elevated the cellular levels of the GFP transcript and the GFP protein, but it had no apparent effect on the accumulation of GFP-specific short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), suggesting that TYLCV-Is V2 targets a step in the RNA silencing pathway which is subsequent to the Dicer-mediated cleavage of dsRNA. Visualization of the sub-cellular localization of TYLCV-Is V2 in plant protoplasts and tissues showed that this protein is associated with cytoplasmic strands and inclusion bodies in the cortical regions of the cell.  (+info)

Founder effect, plant host, and recombination shape the emergent population of begomoviruses that cause the tomato yellow leaf curl disease in the Mediterranean basin. (4/170)

Tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD)-associated viruses present a highly structured population in the western Mediterranean basin, depending on host, geographical region and time. About 1,900 tomato and common bean samples were analyzed from which 111 isolates were characterized genetically based on a genome sequence that comprises coding and non-coding regions. Isolates of three distinct begomoviruses previously described were found (Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV, Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus, TYLCSV, and Tomato yellow leaf curl Malaga virus, TYLCMalV), together with a novel recombinant virus. Mixed infections were detected in single plants, rationalizing the occurrence of recombinants. Except for TYLCV-type strain, single, undifferentiated subpopulations were present for each virus type, probably the result of founder effects. Limited genetic variation was observed in genomic regions, with selection against amino acid change in coding regions.  (+info)

Tomato yellow spot virus, a tomato-infecting begomovirus from Brazil with a closer relationship to viruses from Sida sp., forms pseudorecombinants with begomoviruses from tomato but not from Sida. (5/170)

Geminiviruses are characterized by a circular, single-stranded DNA genome and twinned icosahedral particles. Begomoviruses (whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses) are a major constraint to crop production worldwide. In Brazil, tomato-infecting begomoviruses emerged as serious pathogens over the last 10 years, due to the introduction of a new biotype of the insect vector. Tomato yellow spot virus (ToYSV) is a newly described begomovirus originally isolated from tomato, but phylogenetically closer to viruses from Sida sp. A study was performed to determine the viability of pseudorecombinants formed between the DNA components of ToYSV and other weed- and tomato-infecting begomoviruses from Brazil. Despite its closer relationship to weed-infecting viruses, ToYSV was only capable of forming viable pseudorecombinants with tomato viruses. An infectious pseudorecombinant formed between ToYSV DNA-A and tomato crinkle leaf yellows virus (TCrLYV) DNA-B induced severe symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana. This was attributed, at least in part, to the fact that the origins of replication of both components had identical Rep-binding sequences. However, this was not the case for another infectious pseudorecombinant formed between tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) DNA-A and ToYSV DNA-B, which have different Rep-binding sequences. These results reinforce the notion that pseudorecombinant formation cannot be explained solely on the basis of phylogenetic relationships and conserved iteron sequences, and suggest that the TGMV Rep protein may be more versatile in terms of recognizing heterologous DNA components than that of ToYSV.  (+info)

Tomato chlorotic mottle virus is a target of RNA silencing but the presence of specific short interfering RNAs does not guarantee resistance in transgenic plants. (6/170)

Tomato chlorotic mottle virus (ToCMoV) is a begomovirus found widespread in tomato fields in Brazil. ToCMoV isolate BA-Se1 (ToCMoV-[BA-Se1]) was shown to trigger the plant RNA silencing surveillance in different host plants and, coinciding with a decrease in viral DNA levels, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific to ToCMoV-[BA-Se1] accumulated in infected plants. Although not homogeneously distributed, the siRNA population in both infected Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato plants represented the entire DNA-A and DNA-B genomes. We determined that in N. benthamiana, the primary targets corresponded to the 5' end of AC1 and the embedded AC4, the intergenic region and 5' end of AV1 and overlapping central part of AC5. Subsequently, transgenic N. benthamiana plants were generated that were preprogrammed to express double-stranded RNA corresponding to this most targeted portion of the virus genome by using an intron-hairpin construct. These plants were shown to indeed produce ToCMoV-specific siRNAs. When challenge inoculated, most transgenic lines showed significant delays in symptom development, and two lines had immune plants. Interestingly, the levels of transgene-produced siRNAs were similar in resistant and susceptible siblings of the same line. This indicates that, in contrast to RNA viruses, the mere presence of transgene siRNAs corresponding to DNA virus sequences does not guarantee virus resistance and that other factors may play a role in determining RNA-mediated resistance to DNA viruses.  (+info)

The oligomeric Rep protein of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) is a likely replicative helicase. (7/170)

Geminiviruses replicate by rolling circle mode of replication (RCR) and the viral Rep protein initiates RCR by the site-specific nicking at a conserved nonamer (TAATATT downward arrow AC) sequence. The mechanism of subsequent steps of the replication process, e.g. helicase activity to drive fork-elongation, etc. has largely remained obscure. Here we show that Rep of a geminivirus, namely, Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV), acts as a replicative helicase. The Rep-helicase, requiring > or =6 nt space for its efficient activity, translocates in the 3'-->5' direction, and the presence of forked junction in the substrate does not influence the activity to any great extent. Rep forms a large oligomeric complex and the helicase activity is dependent on the oligomeric conformation ( approximately 24mer). The role of Rep as a replicative helicase has been demonstrated through ex vivo studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in planta analyses in Nicotiana tabacum. We also establish that such helicase activity is not confined to the MYMIV system alone, but is also true with at least two other begomoviruses, viz., Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) and Indian cassava mosaic virus (ICMV).  (+info)

Distinct viral sequence elements are necessary for expression of Tomato golden mosaic virus complementary sense transcripts that direct AL2 and AL3 gene expression. (8/170)

Transient expression studies using Nicotiana benthamiana protoplasts and plants have identified sequences important for transcription of complementary sense RNAs derived from Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) DNA component A that direct expression of AL2 and AL3. Transcription of two complementary sense RNAs, initiating at nucleotides 1,935 (AL1935) and 1,629 (AL1629), is directed by unique sequences located upstream of each transcription initiation site. One element is located between 28 and 124 nucleotides (nt) upstream of the AL1935 transcription start site, which differs from a second element located 150 nt downstream, between 129 and 184 nt upstream of the AL1629 transcription start site. Transcription initiation at nucleotide 1,935 is lower than that at nucleotide 1,629 as determined by run-on transcription assays, and the resulting transcript is only capable of expressing AL3. The transcript initiating at nucleotide 1,629 is capable of directing expression of both AL2 and AL3, although expression of AL3 is up to fourfold greater than that for AL2. Nuclear factors purified from tobacco suspension cells bind to sequences upstream of both AL1935 and AL1629, correlating with the ability of these sequences to direct gene expression. Thus, in tobacco, regulatory sequences direct transcription of two unique TGMV messenger RNAs that differentially express AL2 and AL3.  (+info)

Molecular characterization and infectivity of a Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus variant associated with newly emerging yellow...Molecular characterization and infectivity of a Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus variant associated with newly emerging yellow...
Begomoviruses have emerged as serious problem for vegetable and fiber crops in the recent past, frequently in tropical and subtropical region of the world. The association of begomovirus with eggplant yellow mosaic disease is hitherto unknown apart from one report from Thailand. A survey in Nagpur, Central India, in 2009-2010 showed severe incidence of eggplant yellow mosaic disease. Here, we have identified and characterized a begomovirus responsible for the newly emerging yellow mosaic disease of eggplant in India. The complete DNA-A and DNA-B genomic components of the causative virus were cloned and sequenced. Nucleotide sequence analysis of DNA-A showed that it shared highest 97.6% identity with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus-India[India:Udaipur:Okra:2007] and lowest 87.9% identity with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus-India[India:NewDelhi:Papaya:2005], while DNA-B showed highest 94.1% identity with ToLCNDV-IN[IN:UD:Ok:07] and lowest 76.2% identity with ToLCNDV-India[India:Lucknow]. Thus, it
https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-8-305
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus - WikipediaTomato yellow leaf curl virus - Wikipedia
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a DNA virus from the genus Begomovirus and the family Geminiviridae. TYLCV causes the most destructive disease of tomato, and it can be found in tropical and subtropical regions causing severe economic losses. This virus is transmitted by an insect vector from the family Aleyrodidae and order Hemiptera, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, commonly known as the silverleaf whitefly or the sweet potato whitefly. The primary host for TYLCV is the tomato plant, and other plant hosts where TYLCV infection has been found include eggplants, potatoes, tobacco, beans, and peppers. Due to the rapid spread of TYLCV in the last few decades, there is an increased focus in research trying to understand and control this damaging pathogen. Some interesting findings include virus being sexually transmitted from infected males to non-infected females (and vice versa), and an evidence that TYLCV is transovarially transmitted to offspring for two generations. This virus consists of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomato_yellow_leaf_curl_virus
A Simple and Reliable Molecular Detection Method for Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Solanum lycopersicum without DNA...A Simple and Reliable Molecular Detection Method for Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Solanum lycopersicum without DNA...
A Simple and Reliable Molecular Detection Method for Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Solanum lycopersicum without DNA Extraction - Detection;Duplex PCR;Internal Control;Tomato;TYLCV;
http://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/ArticleFullRecord.jsp?cn=SMBRCU_2015_v21n3_180
Viruses | Free Full-Text | The C4 Protein from Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Can Broadly Interact with Plant Receptor-Like...Viruses | Free Full-Text | The C4 Protein from Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Can Broadly Interact with Plant Receptor-Like...
Plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) exert an essential function in the transduction of signals from the cell exterior to the cell interior, acting as important regulators of plant development and responses to environmental conditions. A growing body of evidence suggests that RLKs may play relevant roles in plant-virus interactions, although the details and diversity of effects and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The C4 protein from different geminiviruses has been found to interact with RLKs in the CLAVATA 1 (CLV1) clade. However, whether C4 can interact with RLKs in other subfamilies and, if so, what the biological impact of such interactions might be, is currently unknown. In this work, we explore the interaction landscape of C4 from the geminivirus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus within the Arabidopsis RLK family. Our results show that C4 can interact with RLKs from different subfamilies including, but not restricted to, members of the CLV1 clade. Functional analyses of the interaction of C4 with
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/11/1009/htm
Comparison of phenotypes produced in response to transient expression of genes encoded by four distinct begomoviruses in...Comparison of phenotypes produced in response to transient expression of genes encoded by four distinct begomoviruses in...
Whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (begomoviruses) are a major limiting factor for the production of numerous dicotyledonous crops throughout the world. Begomoviruses differ in the number of components that make up their genomes and association with satellites, and yet they cause strikingly similar phenotypes, such as leaf curling, chlorosis and stunted plant growth. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNAs that regulate plant growth and development. The study described here was aimed at investigating the effects of each virus encoded gene on the levels of developmental miRNAs to identify common trends between distinct begomoviruses. All genes encoded by four distinct begomoviruses (African cassava mosaic virus [ACMV], Cabbage leaf curl virus [CbLCuV], Tomato yellow leaf curl virus [TYLCV] and Cotton leaf curl virus/Cotton leaf curl betasatellite [CLCuV/CLCuMB]) were expressed from a Potato virus X (PVX) vector in Nicotiana benthamiana. Changes in the levels of ten miRNAs in response to the virus
https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-8-238/tables/1
First report of a begomovirus and associated betasatellite in Rosa indica and in India<...First report of a begomovirus and associated betasatellite in Rosa indica and in India<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - First report of a begomovirus and associated betasatellite in Rosa indica and in India. AU - Sahu, Anurag Kumar. AU - Marwal, Avinash. AU - Shahid, M. S.. AU - Nehra, Chitra. AU - Gaur, R. K.. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - The complete genome sequences of a begomovirus and associated betasatellite was obtained by the rolling circle amplification from rose (Rosa indica) exhibiting dwarfing, leaf distortion and leaf curling symptoms from Rajasthan, India. The sequence of the begomovirus was determined to be 2,741 bp and showed the typical genome arrangement of an monopartite Old World begomovirus. The sequence showed the highest nucleotide sequence identity (98 %) to an isolate of Rose leaf curl virus (RoLCuV), confirming it as an isolate of RoLCuV. The sequence of the rose begomovirus associated betasatellite (1,349 bp) displayed greater than 97 % nucleotide sequence identity to Digera leaf curl betasatellite. Our analysis also demonstrated that recombination events shaped the ...
https://squ.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/first-report-of-a-begomovirus-and-associated-betasatellite-in-ros
Distribution and genetic diversity of tomato-infecting begomoviruses in Brazil *, Archives of Virology | 10.1007/s00705-002...Distribution and genetic diversity of tomato-infecting begomoviruses in Brazil *, Archives of Virology | 10.1007/s00705-002...
Read Distribution and genetic diversity of tomato-infecting begomoviruses in Brazil *, Archives of Virology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/distribution-and-genetic-diversity-of-tomato-infecting-begomoviruses-AuAWV2TMbw
Molecular Survey of Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus Disease in Different Parts of KarnatakaMolecular Survey of Tobacco Leaf Curl Virus Disease in Different Parts of Karnataka
Surveys were conducted during 2016-18 revealed that the occurrence of the leaf curl disease on tobacco in major growing districts of Karnataka ranged from 19.60 to 31.01 during 2016-18. Among the six districts surveyed, highest per cent disease incidence of tobacco leaf curl virus was recorded in Shivamogga district (31.01) followed by Belagavi (25.59) and lowest per cent disease incidence of 19.60 of TbLCV was recorded in Chamarajangar district. The survey data imply that leaf curl disease is emerging as one of the major diseases of tobacco. For the detection of the virus, total DNA was extracted and PCR was carried out using pair of begomovirus specific Deng primers. All the isolates collected at different locations showed characteristic band of 550 bp whereas no amplicon was observed in healthy tobacco samples. This indicating the begomovirusis involved in causing the leaf curl disease in tobacco.
https://www.ijcmas.com/abstractview.php?ID=9988&vol=7-9-2018&SNo=355
Search Results for sweetpotato virus disease | ASHSSearch Results for sweetpotato virus disease | ASHS
indicates their resistance may be effective against a wide range of Begomoviruses . Table 3. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and Tomato mottle virus (ToMoV) disease severity z for tomato genotype inoculated at the seedling stage at the Gulf Coast. ...
https://journals.ashs.org/search?access_0=all&page=5&pageSize=10&q=sweetpotato+virus+disease&sort=relevance&print
Molecular diversity of the DNA-β satellites associated with tomato leaf curl disease in India, Archives of Virology | 10.1007...Molecular diversity of the DNA-β satellites associated with tomato leaf curl disease in India, Archives of Virology | 10.1007...
Read Molecular diversity of the DNA-β satellites associated with tomato leaf curl disease in India, Archives of Virology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/molecular-diversity-of-the-dna-satellites-associated-with-tomato-leaf-NVRHZvVo2m
Banish the CurlBanish the Curl
Feeling yellow? You may want to check out the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Field Screening Pop-In Field Day. Since 2009, the college has been...
https://cms.ctahr.hawaii.edu/ce/NewsEvents/PgrID/58818/PageID/19/ArtMID/58601/ArticleID/861
scientificscientific
A divergent isolate of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus from Oman with an associated DNAb satellite: an evolutionary link between Asian and the Middle Eastern virus-satellite complexes, 2008 ...
https://oapgrc.gov.om/Pages/scientific.aspx
Plant Biology | W.M. Keck Center for Cellular Imaging, U.Va.Plant Biology | W.M. Keck Center for Cellular Imaging, U.Va.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 8;105(1):157-61. Epub 2007 Dec 28. Interaction with host SGS3 is required for suppression of RNA silencing by tomato yellow leaf curl virus V2 protein. Glick E, Zrachya A, Levy Y, Mett A, Gidoni D, Belausov E, Citovsky V, Gafni Y ...
http://kcci.virginia.edu/fret-literature/plant-biology
Plant Biology | W.M. Keck Center for Cellular Imaging, U.Va.Plant Biology | W.M. Keck Center for Cellular Imaging, U.Va.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 8;105(1):157-61. Epub 2007 Dec 28. Interaction with host SGS3 is required for suppression of RNA silencing by tomato yellow leaf curl virus V2 protein. Glick E, Zrachya A, Levy Y, Mett A, Gidoni D, Belausov E, Citovsky V, Gafni Y ...
http://www.kcci.virginia.edu/fret-literature/plant-biology
Molecular Characterization of Tomato Leaf Curl China Virus, Infecting Tomato Plants in China, and Functional Analyses of Its...Molecular Characterization of Tomato Leaf Curl China Virus, Infecting Tomato Plants in China, and Functional Analyses of Its...
Thank you for sharing this Applied and Environmental Microbiology article.. NOTE: We request your email address only to inform the recipient that it was you who recommended this article, and that it is not junk mail. We do not retain these email addresses.. ...
https://aem.asm.org/content/77/9/3092/article-info
Table 1 A Begomovirus Nuclear Shuttle Protein-Interacting Immune Hub: Hijacking Host Transport Activities and Suppressing...Table 1 A Begomovirus Nuclear Shuttle Protein-Interacting Immune Hub: Hijacking Host Transport Activities and Suppressing...
Table_1_A Begomovirus Nuclear Shuttle Protein-Interacting Immune Hub: Hijacking Host Transport Activities and Suppressing Incompatible Functions.XLSX
https://frontiersin.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_A_Begomovirus_Nuclear_Shuttle_Protein-Interacting_Immune_Hub_Hijacking_Host_Transport_Activities_and_Suppressing_Incompatible_Functions_XLSX/12095349/1
Chair of Biochemistry - Group Björn KrenzChair of Biochemistry - Group Björn Krenz
Geminiviruses are serious plant pathogens infecting dicotyledonous plants, among them important crop plants. They are characterized by small geminate particles containing single-stranded circular DNA molecules. Because geminiviruses replicate in the nucleus, viral DNA has to cross the nuclear envelope and the plasmodesmata for systemic spread. Two genes are required for inter- and intracellular transport of bipartite begomoviruses: ORF BV1 (syn. BR1) encodes a nuclear shuttle protein (NSP), and ORF BC1 (syn. BL1) the movement protein (MP). The mechanism of geminiviral intra- and intercellular transport is still a matter of debate and the transport complex is unknown. We want to identify host factors involved in viral intra- and intercellular transport by a proteomic approach to gain further insight in the underlying mechanism of virus movement. ...
http://www.biochemie.biologie.uni-erlangen.de/English/research/krenz.shtml
SFB796 - Associated project AP2SFB796 - Associated project AP2
Geminiviruses infect crops, ornamentals and weeds and cause substantial agro-economical losses around the world. The incidence and severity of geminivirus diseases has greatly increased in the past 20 years. The family Geminiviridae is one of the largest and most important families of plant viruses. The DNA genomes of geminiviruses encode only for 5-7 proteins that redirect host machineries and processes to establish a productive infection. These interactions reprogram plant cell cycle and transcriptional controls, inhibit cell death pathways, interfere with cell signaling and protein turnover, and suppress defense. The genome of bipartite begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) consists of two circular ssDNA molecules: DNA A and DNA B. Both genome components are relatively small (2.5 - 3.0 kb per single-stranded DNA circle) and replicate within the plant nucleus. Thus, systemic infection requires the permeation across two cellular barriers, the nuclear envelope and plasmodesmata. The two DNA ...
http://sfb796.forschung.uni-erlangen.de/AP/assocprojAP2.shtml
Cabbage leaf curl virus - WikispeciesCabbage leaf curl virus - Wikispecies
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. ...
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cabbage_leaf_curl_virus
Pakistan: revolutionary youth Convention in Multan!Pakistan: revolutionary youth Convention in Multan!
On 17 February the Progressive Youth Alliance organised its city convention of Multan at the Multan Tea House hall. More than 200 students from various colleges and universities of Multan participated in this meeting.
https://www.marxist.com/pakistan-revolutionary-youth-convention-in-multan/print.htm
Living Proof Curl Enhancing Styling Mousse - Cosmania | Online cosmeticaLiving Proof Curl Enhancing Styling Mousse - Cosmania | Online cosmetica
Meet the Curl Enhancing Styling Mousse by Living Proof at COSMANIA! Other products dont have the right combination of hold and conditioning to enhance and shape weaker curl patterns and waves. Plus most mousses come with all sorts of tradeoffs - like stiff, sticky or crunchy hair. Yuck.. The Curl Enhancing Styling Mousse shapes and defines natural waves and curls that need a boost. Extended Curl Memory technology combines with contracting resins to give you touchable, enhanced curls that stay beautiful and frizz free longer. The Curl Enhancing Styling Mousse repels humidity for superior frizz protection, your curls last 2x longer. Also it provides residue-free cuticle smoothing for long-lasting curl definition and delivers touchable hold for long-lasting, resilient curls.. When the complete Curl line is used together, curls are beautiful, defined, and frizz-free - and they stay that way 2 times longer. Silicone free and color safe ...
https://www.cosmania.nl/en/shop/products/curl-enhancing-styling-mousse/
What is a cure or treatment for tomato leaf curl? | Reference.comWhat is a cure or treatment for tomato leaf curl? | Reference.com
Avoid leaf curl through destruction of the plant, careful application of herbicides, or proper watering habits. There is no cure for leaves that are already...
https://www.reference.com/home-garden/cure-treatment-tomato-leaf-curl-360ece400d5d55c1
Best Doctor in Suraj Miani Road, Multan - upto 50% discount on doctor appointmentBest Doctor in Suraj Miani Road, Multan - upto 50% discount on doctor appointment
Find the best Doctor in Suraj Miani Road, Multan. Book in-person or online video appointments with Doctor with the help of up to date practice locations, reviews and fees and save upto 50%.
https://oladoc.com/pakistan/multan/suraj-miani-road
Registration of BUmug-1 Mungbean. - GOV.UKRegistration of BUmug-1 Mungbean. - GOV.UK
BUmug-1 mung bean was released in Bangladesh in 2000 for stable and high yield with combined resistance to Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) and Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) (caused by Cercospora cruenta Sac. or Cercospora canescens Ellis & Martin). BUmug-1 is an early maturing, bold-seeded material with synchronous pod maturity. ...
https://www.gov.uk/dfid-research-outputs/registration-of-bumug-1-mungbean
Impulse Fitness IT9503 Arm Curl Machine, Impulse IT9503 Arm Curl Machine, Arm Curl Machine, Commercial Arm Curl Machine,...Impulse Fitness IT9503 Arm Curl Machine, Impulse IT9503 Arm Curl Machine, Arm Curl Machine, Commercial Arm Curl Machine,...
Impulse Fitness IT9503 Arm Curl Machine, Impulse IT9503 Arm Curl Machine, Arm Curl Machine, Commercial Arm Curl Machine, Commercial Arm Curl Equipment, Commercial Machines, Commercial Strength Equipment,
https://www.healthprofessionalsolutions.com.au/Impulse_Fitness_IT9503_Arm_Curl_Machine_p/impit9503.htm
Women Swim & Surf Wear Rip Curl Rash vest - black,rip curl watch warranty,rip curl outlet san clemente,various design, rip curl...Women Swim & Surf Wear Rip Curl Rash vest - black,rip curl watch warranty,rip curl outlet san clemente,various design, rip curl...
Rip Curl Bags for Boys in our online shop,rip curl warranty information,rip curl surf,rip curl ocean tide manual,100% Satisfaction Guarantee,Lilly Pulitzer Double Take Wristlet Multi Hot Spot, Rip Curl, Bags, Women,excavacionesorta.com
http://www.excavacionesorta.com/women-swim-amp-surf-wear-rip-curl-rash-vest-blackrip-curl-watch-warrantyrip-curl-outlet-san-clementevarious-design-p-5138.html
Leaf CurlLeaf Curl
Affecting peaches and nectarines, leaf curl (Taphrina deformans) is one of the most common disease problems found in backyard orchards.
https://www.planetnatural.com/pest-problem-solver/plant-disease/leaf-curl/
Yellow Leaves And Rakedistant stock photo | iStockYellow Leaves And Rakedistant stock photo | iStock
Download this Yellow Leaves And Rakedistant photo now. And search more of the webs best library of royalty-free stock images from iStock.
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/yellow-leaves-and-rake-distant-gm182187490-10622210?st=1710e8e
Dengue Awareness - Multan.pkDengue Awareness - Multan.pk
District Jhelum Tehsils ... District Government Jhelum Departments .... Jhelum Pk Web Team, Jhelum Pakistan; contact.jhelum (skype); Jhelum Pk Web Team.The district capital, Jhelum City, is situated on the right and left bank of the Jhelum River,the left side of Jhelum is known as Sarai Alamgir and it also contain the Military College Jhelum (MCJ). The 16th-century Grand Trunk Road passes through the city. Jhelum city is near the site of the famous Battle of the Hydaspes between the armies of Alexander and Raja Porus This battle took place a few miles downstream from the city center, along the river banks.
http://multan.pk/contact-gov/
Medical Colleges in Multan - List of Best Medical CollegesMedical Colleges in Multan - List of Best Medical Colleges
Disclaimer: All material on this website is provided for your information only and may not be construed as medical advice or instruction. No action or inaction should be taken based solely on the contents of this information; instead, readers should consult appropriate health professionals on any matter relating to their health and well-being. The data information and opinions expressed here are believed to be accurate, which is gathered from different sources but might have some errors. Hamariweb.com is not responsible for errors or omissions. Doctors and Hospital officials are not necessarily required to respond or go through this page.. ...
https://health.hamariweb.com/medical-directory/multan/medical-colleges_dcid68
Cooking Curls - Happy Little HummingbirdCooking Curls - Happy Little Hummingbird
I cant wait to try this on born my daughters when they get home. My 6 yr old has very long volume straight hair down to her bum and my 8yr old has very straight sleek shoulder length hair. My little one begs for me too curl hair bc when she was a baby she had very pretty ringlets but as it got long the curls came out then I eventually had to trim it at 4 yrs bc it was interfering with potty stuff and the last curls at the ends were cut off and never came back. Ive tried ion hot rollers and I have a curling iron and neither girls curls stay for even an hour. . I hope this works! Ill update after and let you girls know how it held up. ReplyDelete ...
http://happylittlehummingbird.blogspot.co.uk/2012/10/cooking-curls.html
Taliah Waajid Curl Sealer 6 oz - BeautableTaliah Waajid Curl Sealer 6 oz - Beautable
Curl Sealer™ helps stop frizz, adds shine, shapes and seals curls. This is the perfect leave-in curl conditioner that never causes unwanted product build-up in your hair, so it can be used as often as needed! Curl Sealer™ offers a light, alcohol-free, conditioning and hydrating gel that helps stop frizz in its tracks.
https://www.beautable.com/products/curl-sealer-6-oz
outre baby curl, outre baby curl wholesale for sale page1 in Tradezz.comoutre baby curl, outre baby curl wholesale for sale page1 in Tradezz.com
Looking for outre baby curl? Here you can find the lowest price products about outre baby curl. We Provide for you about outre baby curl page1
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Oribe Curl Control Silkening Crème | NordstromOribe Curl Control Silkening Crème | Nordstrom
Free shipping and returns on Oribe Curl Control Silkening Crème at Nordstrom.com. |p||strong|What it is|/strong|: A silk-light crème that offers the perfect balance of hold and moisture.|/p||p||strong|Who its for|/strong|: Ideal for those with wavy (2A, 2B, 2C) or tight (3A, 3B, 3C) hair.|/p||p||strong|What it does|/strong|: Formulated with ultra-hydrating avocado, apricot and coconut oils, this nourishing crème gives curls and waves instant, touchable definition with all-day frizz control and support.|/p||p||strong|How to use|/strong|: Apply to damp hair, encouraging curl pattern for extra definition. Air dry for tighter curls, or diffuse for volume.|/p|
https://www.nordstrom.com/s/oribe-curl-control-silkening-creme/4513606?origin=category-personalizedsort&breadcrumb=Home%2FBrands%2FOribe%2FBeauty&color=none
Pantene Pro-V - Pantene Pro-V Curl Affair Curl Reshaping Cream Reviews | beautyheavenPantene Pro-V - Pantene Pro-V Curl Affair Curl Reshaping Cream Reviews | beautyheaven
Pantene Pro-V Curl Affair Curl Reshaping Cream - Simply scrunch the Curl Affair [RE] Shaping Cream through dry or damp hair and watch as its active conditioning ...
https://www.beautyheaven.com.au/hair/styling-products/product/pantene-pro-v-curl-affair-curl-reshaping-cream?related-product=1
11 Best Curl Activators To Buy Online In 202011 Best Curl Activators To Buy Online In 2020
A curl activator can moisturize, define, and restore your curls, leaving them frizz-free and smooth. Check out our list of the 11 best curl activators in this article.
https://www.stylecraze.com/articles/best-curl-activator/
ExRx.net • View topic - Biggest Pet Peeves at the GymExRx.net • View topic - Biggest Pet Peeves at the Gym
today while doing back and bis i witnessed a dude do 15 sets of curls. when i started my back routine, he was doing barbell curls. i counted 3 sets, then moved over to the squat rack to do another 3-4 sets. followed by a few sets of incline curls, hammer curls, and then concentration curls. he then asked one of the jock dudes he was with if he knew of any other curls exercises! i dont think he did anything else but curls and be up on this guys junk. it was really funny when i was discussing curls with my partner and how i only had 4 sets to do. he then said to me, why so little, dont you want to have big guns ...
http://exrx.net/forum/viewtopic.php?p=38264
AUNT JACKIES CURL LA LA DEFINING CURL CUSTARD, 511 G - Visons ButikAUNT JACKIES CURL LA LA DEFINING CURL CUSTARD, 511 G - Visons Butik
Kiss frizzy, hard-to-tame hair good-bye. The mega-moisture humectants in CURL LA LA give long-lasting bounce to curls, and shine and definition to spirals and coils. Define your signature look by adding a little or a lot. Whatever your style, rest assure that it will be well-moisturized and soft to the touch, without c
https://visonsbutik.com/products/aunt-jackie-s-curls-la-la-defining-curl-custard-511-g
Dumbbell bicep curls - Things You Didnt KnowDumbbell bicep curls - Things You Didnt Know
Dumbbell bicep curls - Can I stunt my growth by doing bicep curls with 10 pound dumbbells? I do 5 sets of 20 push ups, 20 bicep curls, 20 squats, 20 sit ups. Can that stunt my growth? No. No. It wont stunt your growth.
https://www.healthtap.com/topics/dumbbell-bicep-curls
Leaf Curl on Established PlantLeaf Curl on Established Plant
Question: My potted (in Sea Soil) tomato plant is growing and thriving nicely on my very warm patio. I guess it likes that kind of heat. However, even
http://www.container-gardening-for-you.com/leaf-curl-on-established-plant.html
ASX snaps record streak as China virus spooks Asian marketsASX snaps record streak as China virus spooks Asian markets
The local bourse paused for breath on Tuesday after tapping fresh record highs for five sessions straight, edging lower as Woolworths closed above $40 for the first time.
https://www.smh.com.au/business/markets/asx-snaps-record-streak-as-china-virus-spooks-asian-markets-20200121-p53tex.html
Echobaby: Yellow LeavesEchobaby: Yellow Leaves
A short walk down the road we came across some other smaller trees which Wren wanted to not climb I hang on. I lifted him up and then left him hanging while I took the picture. He was yelling AAAAH at this point. It was not more than a foot if he let go but he thought I he might be dangling over the Niagara Falls and hung on tight. I thought it was ok to let him hang a bit as payback for all the bossiness he has been displaying ...
http://echobaby.blogspot.com/2009/10/yellow-leaves.html
PHP: cURL - ManualPHP: cURL - Manual
In a unique situation you may need to set a cookie then use that cookie for multiple separate persistent connections using the same session cookie. The problem is the session cookie may change while your doing your persistent calls. If you set every curl handle to update a shared cookiejar on close you may overwrite the new found session value with the old session value depending on the closing order of your handles. Also, because the cookiejar is only written to on a curl_close, you may be using dissimilar or old session info in some of your faked browser tabs ...
https://www.php.net/manual/zh/book.curl.php?spm=a2c4g.11186623.2.24.37214fefwS7Ang
E-Z Curl - Phase 4E-Z Curl - Phase 4
Ezy Bar Curl - Phase 4 - Hypertrophy Phase 2 - Day 4: The Ezy Bar Curl was named not for its degree of difficulty but for the particular type of equipment that it uses; the Ezy bar. Remember to activate the core on this exercise as well, pulling in your navel towards your spine. This exercise is ver
https://www.mrsupplement.com.au/e-z-curl-exercise-technique
Reverse Barbell Curl Standing-Forearm Exercise GuideReverse Barbell Curl Standing-Forearm Exercise Guide
Grab the barbell with an overhand grip,curl the weight up carefully curl down again until your elbows are fully extended then,repeat again
https://howtotraintofit.com/reverse-barbell-curl-standing-forearm-exercise-guide/
The All-Natural Ingredient Your Dry Curls Needs This Winter | NaturallyCurly.comThe All-Natural Ingredient Your Dry Curls Needs This Winter | NaturallyCurly.com
Finding ingredients to keep your curls soft this winter might not be as tricky as you think! These 5 ingredients can help keep your curls moisturized.
https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/wavy/the-all-natural-ingredient-your-dry-curls-needs-this-winter
PHP :: Bug #64247 :: CURLOPT INFILE doesnt allow reset for FTPPHP :: Bug #64247 :: CURLOPT INFILE doesnt allow reset for FTP
Description: ------------ When trying to do a PUT request using CURLOPT_INFILE followed by a GET, then the GET will encounter a Warning: curl_setopt_array(): supplied argument is not a valid File-Handle resource if the file handle has been closed. This is a bug because youre supposed to free handles when youre not using them. Setting NULL like with CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION (see http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html#CURLOPTHEADERFUNCTION) does not work, it gives Warning: curl_setopt_array(): supplied argument is not a valid File-Handle resource. See also Bug #44866 - leaking FDs is bad, bad program practice. Test script: --------------- http://pastebin.com/XLJsZ9JH - line 44 is the CURLOPT_INFILE=,NULL line. Expected result: ---------------- Once CURLOPT_INFILE=,NULL has been set, I expect that the action of setting CURLOPT_INFILE=,$fp has been reversed (i.e. that curl has been reset to default ...
https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=64247
Frontiers | A Major QTL Located in Chromosome 8 of Cucurbita moschata Is Responsible for Resistance to Tomato Leaf Curl New...Frontiers | A Major QTL Located in Chromosome 8 of Cucurbita moschata Is Responsible for Resistance to Tomato Leaf Curl New...
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a bipartite whitefly transmitted begomovirus, responsible since 2013 of severe damages in cucurbit crops in Southeastern Spain. Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) is the most affected species, but melon (Cucumis melo) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) are also highly damaged by the infection. The virus has spread across Mediterranean basin and European countries, and integrated control measures are not being enough to reduce economic losses. The identification of resistance genes is required to develop resistant cultivars. In this assay, we studied the inheritance of the resistance to ToLCNDV previously identified in two Cucurbita moschata accessions. We generated segregating populations crossing both resistant pumpkins, an American improved cultivar Large Cheese (PI 604506) and an Indian landrace (PI 381814), with a susceptible C. moschata genotype (PI 419083). The analysis of symptoms and viral titers of all populations established the same monogenic recessive genetic
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.00207/full
Begomovirus melting pot in the south-west Indian Ocean islands: molecular diversity and evolution through recombination |...Begomovirus melting pot in the south-west Indian Ocean islands: molecular diversity and evolution through recombination |...
During the last few decades, many virus species have emerged, often forming dynamic complexes within which viruses share common hosts and rampantly exchange genetic material through recombination. Begomovirus species complexes are common and represent serious agricultural threats. Characterization of species complex diversity has substantially contributed to our understanding of both begomovirus evolution, and the ecological and epidemiological processes involved in the emergence of new viral pathogens. To date, the only extensively studied emergent African begomovirus species complex is that responsible for cassava mosaic disease. Here we present a study of another emerging begomovirus species complex which is associated with serious disease outbreaks in bean, tobacco and tomato on the south-west Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands off the coast of Africa. On the basis of 14 new complete DNA-A sequences, we describe seven new island monopartite begomovirus species, suggesting the presence of an extraordinary
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.83252-0
Etiology, occurrence and epidemiology of a begomovirus disease in passionflower in the southwest of Bahia | Scientia...Etiology, occurrence and epidemiology of a begomovirus disease in passionflower in the southwest of Bahia | Scientia...
Severe mosaic symptoms, accompanied by yellow spots, abnormally small leaves, fruit malformation and cracking, reduced plant growth, and high levels of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) infestation were observed in passionflower (Passiflora edulis) orchards in southwestern Bahia, Brazil. The aim of this work was to identify the species of begomovirus infecting the passionflowers, its prevalence in southwestern Bahia, and the spatial and temporal dynamics of the disease. Leaf samples from symptomatic plants collected at 57 orchards located in ten counties were evaluated by PCR for begomovirus infection. Complete nucleotide sequences of DNA-A for two isolates revealed 97 % identity with Passionfruit severe leaf distortion virus (PSLDV). The occurrence of PSLDV in 57 orchards was evaluated based on the presence of characteristic disease symptoms. Approximately 235,000 visually assessed plants exhibited symptoms characteristic of begomovirus infection. Epidemiological studies, conducted in two ...
https://www.revistas.usp.br/sa/article/view/157045
Control Measures of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus, a major threat to cottons future | Technology TimesControl Measures of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus, a major threat to cottons future | Technology Times
Cotton Leaf Curl Disease is among the most destroying viral catastrophe that causes tremendous loss to cotton yield particularly in Pakistan during the past 20
https://www.technologytimes.pk/control-measures-of-cotton-leaf-curl-virus-a-major-threat-to-cottons-future/
Best Neurologists in Multan, PakistanBest Neurologists in Multan, Pakistan
There are quite a few famous Neurologists in Multan. Some of the best Neurologists in Multan are . Some of the diseases & procedures that Neurologists in Multan cure or deal with are: Meningitis, Apraxia, Athetosis, Cerebral palsy, Chorea, Epilepsy treatment, ICP Monitoring. Contact the MyZindagi Multan health advisors for any information or advice relating to Neurologists in Multan.. ...
https://www.myzindagi.pk/cities/multan/neurologist
Safety assessment of leaf curl virus resistant tomato developed using viral derived sequences<...Safety assessment of leaf curl virus resistant tomato developed using viral derived sequences<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Safety assessment of leaf curl virus resistant tomato developed using viral derived sequences. AU - Singh, Abinav K.. AU - Praveen, Shelly. AU - Singh, Bhanu P.. AU - Varma, Anupam. AU - Arora, Naveen. N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, New Delhi. Copyright: Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2009/11. Y1 - 2009/11. N2 - Genetic engineering of food crops has significantly influenced the agricultural productivity over the past two decades. It has proved a valuable tool, offering crops with higher yields, improved nutritional quality, resistance against pesticides, herbicides and tolerance against abiotic stresses. However, the safety assessment of genetically engineered (GE) crops is prerequisite before introduction into human food chain. The present study was aimed to assess the toxicity and allergenicity of leaf curl virus resistant GE tomato compared to its ...
https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/safety-assessment-of-leaf-curl-virus-resistant-tomato-developed-u
Study of the functional domains of V2 from Beet curly top virus (BCTV)Study of the functional domains of V2 from Beet curly top virus (BCTV)
Geminiviruses constitute a group of plant viruses that infect vegetable crops all over the world. Among the Geminiviridae family, the genera Mastrevirus, Begomovirus and Curtovirus are the most abundant. Suppression of gene silencing is a key mechanism for viral infection in plants. In begomovirus, V2 is a strong posttranscriptional gene silencing suppressor. We recently showed that, despite the lack of sequence homology with V2 from begomovirus, V2 from curtovirus Beet curly top virus (BCTV) is also a PTGS suppressor by impairing the RDR6/SGS3 pathway. In order to identify the domains involved the suppression activity and viral pathogenicity, we analysed the aminoacidic sequence, performing an alignment of several begomovirus and curtovirus V2 proteins. A protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation motif essential for suppression activity in begomovirus (P1) was founded in a similar position in all analysed sequences. Besides, other two putative CK2 and PKC phosphorilation motifs (P2 and P3) were ...
https://riuma.uma.es/xmlui/handle/10630/16754
Relative Distribution and Incidence of Viruses Associated with Disease Outbreaks in Tomato Fields in TrinidadRelative Distribution and Incidence of Viruses Associated with Disease Outbreaks in Tomato Fields in Trinidad
Conclusions and Recommendations. The study revealed that three viruses, TMV, begomovirus and TEV, were associated with viral disease outbreaks in tomato in Trinidad in 2003. The other viruses tested for (CMV, PVY, PLRV, and TSWV) were not detected, which indicates that that they were absent, occurred at too low a frequency or in titers too low to be detected by the sampling and/or testing method employed in this study. As this survey was conducted only in the dry season and in a single year (2003), a role for the other viruses in tomato viral disease in Trinidad cannot be ruled out. The results indicated an overall high incidence of begomovirus infection. This suggests that begomovirus(es) may be the most important viral pathogen in tomato in Trinidad. As there no detected weed hosts of begomovirus (PYMTV) detected in Trinidad (16), it is likely that infected tomato plants are the primary inoculum source for begomovirus. This is also supported by a failure to detect virus infection in ...
http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/research/2006/pymtv/
First Report of Tomato leaf curl Albatinah virus (ToLCABV) and its Associated Betasatellite Infecting Papaya in OmanFirst Report of Tomato leaf curl Albatinah virus (ToLCABV) and its Associated Betasatellite Infecting Papaya in Oman
Plant Disease 99:421.2-421.2...Plant Disease 99:421.2-421.2...First Report of Tomato leaf curl Albatinah virus (ToLCABV) and its Associated Betasatellite Infecting Papaya in Oman...U. E. Ammara and A. Al-Shihi, Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod 123, Oman; I. Amin, Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan; and A. M...
https://www.apsnet.org/publications/plantdisease/2015/March/Pages/99_3_421.2.aspx
SFB796 - Joint project 02SFB796 - Joint project 02
The LBR:GFP marker was used in transient expression experiments in tobacco plants to visualize the plant nuclear envelope (PNE). The LBR:GFP marker consists of the first 238 amino acids of the human lamin B receptor (LBR), fused to the green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP fluorescence accumulated only at the PNE of leaf epidermal cells, although plants do not possess any lamin proteins. Abutilon mosaic virus (AbMV; genus begomovirus) induce alteration of plant nuclear architecture which can be monitored by the LBR:GFP marker. Co-expression experiments have shown that the two transport proteins of AbMV (MP and NSP) are responsible for those alterations, e.g. intense necking, vesicle formation and budding. Successful LBR:GFP targeting anchoring in PNE suggests, that underlying mechanism may be common in plants and humans. We predicted that NSP and MP also re-localize LBR in the human cell and therefore we addressed the question and investigate if the begomoviral transport proteins also have a ...
http://sfb796.forschung.uni-erlangen.de/EJRP/jointproj_02.shtml
DHA Multan F 709 | BLUE JAY Property ConsultantsDHA Multan F 709 | BLUE JAY Property Consultants
School pass-outs seeking admission in a college to pursue intermediate programmes may head to Government Emerson College (GEC) Multan. The college has been functional since 1920 on Bosan Road in Al Atta Colony, around 10 km away from the society. The intermediate programmes offered here include Pre-Medical, Pre-Engineering, Computer Science, Commerce, and Arts. Furthermore, the college enrols students for undergraduate and postgraduate programmes. Interested college pass-outs can register for a degree in Stats, Information Technology, Chemistry, Physics, Maths, Botany, English, Economics, Education, Political Science, Zoology, Commerce, and International Relations.. Another college near DHA, Multan offering similar intermediate programmes as GEC, is Punjab Group of College - Girls Campus. This college is pinned on Bosan Road in Block A, Gulgasht Colony, and also offers an undergraduate degree in General Science, Commerce, and Arts. This college is around 11 km away.. Aspire College Multan is ...
https://www.bluejaypc.com/properties/dha-multan-f-709/
Current Status of Begomoviruses Infecting Cultivated Crops and Weeds in Saudi Arabia | SpringerLinkCurrent Status of Begomoviruses Infecting Cultivated Crops and Weeds in Saudi Arabia | SpringerLink
Begomoviruses are economically important viruses with ssDNA containing monopartite or bipartite genomes, encapsulated in twinned particles belonging to family Geminiviridae. Currently, a total seven...
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-5984-1_13
Global Analysis of Arabidopsis Gene Expression Uncovers a Complex Array of Changes Impacting Pathogen Response and Cell Cycle...Global Analysis of Arabidopsis Gene Expression Uncovers a Complex Array of Changes Impacting Pathogen Response and Cell Cycle...
Geminiviruses are small DNA viruses that use plant replication machinery to amplify their genomes. Microarray analysis of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) transcriptome in response to cabbage leaf curl virus (CaLCuV) infection uncovered 5,365 genes (false discovery rate ,0.005) differentially expressed in infected rosette leaves at 12 d postinoculation. Data mining revealed that CaLCuV triggers a pathogen response via the salicylic acid pathway and induces expression of genes involved in programmed cell death, genotoxic stress, and DNA repair. CaLCuV also altered expression of cell cycle-associated genes, preferentially activating genes expressed during S and G2 and inhibiting genes active in G1 and M. A limited set of core cell cycle genes associated with cell cycle reentry, late G1, S, and early G2 had increased RNA levels, while core cell cycle genes linked to early G1 and late G2 had reduced transcripts. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting of nuclei from infected leaves revealed a ...
http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/148/1/436.short
Altered expression of Arabidopsis genes in response to a multifunctional geminivirus pathogenicity proteinAltered expression of Arabidopsis genes in response to a multifunctional geminivirus pathogenicity protein
Geminivirus AC2 is a multifunctional protein that acts as a pathogenicity factor. Transcriptional regulation by AC2 appears to be mediated through interaction with a plant specific DNA binding protein, PEAPOD2 (PPD2), that specifically binds to sequences known to mediate activation of the CP promoter of Cabbage leaf curl virus (CaLCuV) and Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV). Suppression of both basal and innate immune responses by AC2 in plants is mediated through inactivation of SnRK1.2, an Arabidopsis SNF1 related protein kinase, and adenosine kinase (ADK). An indirect promoter targeting strategy, via AC2-host dsDNA binding protein interactions, and inactivation of SnRK1.2-mediated defense responses could provide the opportunity for geminiviruses to alter host gene expression and in turn, reprogram the host to support virus infection. The goal of this study was to identify changes in the transcriptome of Arabidopsis induced by the transcription activation function of AC2 and the inactivation of ...
http://cn.fluidigm.com/citations/altered-expression-of-arabidopsis-genes-in-response-to-a-multifunctional-geminivirus-pathogenicity-protein
Abutilon Seeds - Buy Seeds for Abutilon - Harris SeedsAbutilon Seeds - Buy Seeds for Abutilon - Harris Seeds
Buy Abutilon seeds from Harris Seeds. Abutilon is commonly known as Flowering Maple with bell shaped flowers and maple leaf-looking foliage.
https://www.harrisseeds.com/collections/abutilon?&in_stock=true
Multan Institute of Cardiology - WikipediaMultan Institute of Cardiology - Wikipedia
Multan Institute of Cardiology (MIC) is the original name of Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology. It is located in Multan city in Pakistan. It was established by Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi former chief minister of Punjab province of Pakistan in 2006. The project of establishing a state of the art tertiary care center for cardiac patients went through various ups and downs in its early days. It was the desire of millions of people living in south Punjab yet was delayed by bureaucracy. In early 2003, Ch Pervaiz Elahi, the honorable Chief Minister of Punjab, took it the center as one of his top priority development projects. The seriousness of his resolve manifested itself when he appointed Col. (Ret) Prof M A Cheema as the Project Director of MIC. Prof. M A Cheema is one of the pioneers of cardiac surgery in Pakistan and had previously established Cardiac Surgery in the Mayo Hospital and Punjab Institute of Cardiology Lahore. Under his leadership the project moved forward with great success ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multan_Institute_of_Cardiology
Items where Author is Taggar, G K - OAR@ICRISATItems where Author is Taggar, G K - [email protected]
Nair, R M and Götz, M and Winter, S and Giri, R R and Boddepalli, V N and Sirari, A and Bains, T S and Taggar, G K and Dikshit, H K and Aski, M and Boopathi, M and Swain, D and Rathore, A and Anil Kumar, V and Lii, E C and Kenyon, L (2017) Identification of mungbean lines with tolerance or resistance to yellow mosaic in fields in India where different begomovirus species and different Bemisia tabaci cryptic species predominate. European Journal of Plant Pathology. pp. 1-17. ISSN 0929-1873 War, A R and Taggar, G K and War, M Y and Hussain, B (2016) Impact of climate change on insect pests, plant chemical ecology, tritrophic interactions and food production. International Journal of Clinical and Biological Sciences, 01 (02). pp. 16-29. ISSN 2455-6858 ...
http://oar.icrisat.org/view/creators/Taggar=3AG_K=3A=3A.country.html
The Plant Pathology JournalThe Plant Pathology Journal
AM948961) from Nawab Shah, Pakistan (Fig. 2).. Defective (df) DNAs are often associated with the geminiviral diseases, which are derived from a partial deletion of viral genomes (Patil and Dasgupta, 2006). These defective molecules have nonanucloetide sequence, which suggests that these df molecules are trans-replicated by the helper virus, resulting in reduction of the viral symptoms, thus referred as defective interfering molecules (Patil and Dasgupta, 2006). Reduction in disease symptoms is either due to initiation of host RNAi mechanism (Bach and Jeske, 2014) or by the competition of df molecules with the helper virus for the cellular resources (Stanley et al., 1990). Along with the full-length begomovirus, two defective begomoviruses were also cloned from the sample. Complete sequencing of defective begomoviruses, having nonanucloetide sequence revealed DNA molecules of half and a quarter of the full-length begomovirus, 1459 and 714 nt respectively. The sequences are available in the ...
http://www.ppjonline.org/journal/view.html?uid=2287&vmd=Full
تغییرات وقوع و شدت بیماری پیچیدگی برگ گوجه‌فرنگی و جمعیت سفیدبالک Bemisia tabaci در سه رقم گوجه‌فرنگی در کشت گلخانه‌‌‌ای (مورد...تغییرات وقوع و شدت بیماری پیچیدگی برگ گوجه‌فرنگی و جمعیت سفیدبالک Bemisia tabaci در سه رقم گوجه‌فرنگی در کشت گلخانه‌‌‌ای (مورد...
پیچیدگی برگ از بیماری‌های خسارت‌زای گوجه‌فرنگی است که توسط چندین ویروس از جنس Begomovirus (خانواده Geminiviridae) از جمله ویروس پیچیدگی برگ زرد گوجه‌فرنگی (TYLCV) ایجاد می‌شود. این ویروس‌ توسط سفید‌بالک Bemisia tabaci منتقل می‌شود. بمنطور بررسی تغییرات وقوع و شدت بیماری و تخمین جمعیت ناقل ویروس در سه رقم گوجه‌فرنگی شامل YRMT، PANDA-F1 و BRST، 15 گیاه از هر رقم که در گلخانه‌ پرورشی-تولیدی دانشکده کشاورزی شیراز کشت شده بودند بصورت تصادفی انتخاب و میزان آلودگی طبیعی آنها به جدایه ایرانی TYLCV (TYLCV[Ab]) در فواصل زمانی 20 روز (از 20 روز پس از تاریخ کاشت تا انتهای 100 روز) بوسیله آزمون PCR با استفاده
http://www.ijpp.ir/article_30676.html
NIK1 (Nuclear shuttle protein-interacting kinase), um novo componente da via de resposta a brassinosteróidesNIK1 (Nuclear shuttle protein-interacting kinase), um novo componente da via de resposta a brassinosteróides
O receptor LRR-RLK (Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase), designado NIK1 (NSP-interacting kinases), está envolvido na resposta imunológica em plantas contra Germinivirus. NIK1 foi inicialmente descrito por interagir com a proteína viral NSP (nuclear shuttle protein), proteína que participa do transporte de DNA viral do núcleo para o citoplasma de células infectadas. Com alta similaridade estrutural a NIK1, BAK1 (Brassinosteroid Insensitive Associated Kinase1), também conhecida como SERK3 (Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase3), é um receptor LRR-RLK de membrana que desempenha um duplo papel em vias de sinalização, podendo atuar como um coreceptor de BRI1 na presença de BR ou mediar respostas de defesa contra patógenos. Na via de crescimento desencadeada por brassinosteróides (BRs), BAK1 interage com BRI1 (Brassinosteroid-insensitive1) na membrana plasmática e ativa a função de cinase desta proteína. Recentemente, através de dados de RNA-seq, foi demonstrado que ...
http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/10301
Reactions of Nicotiana species to inoculation with begomoviruses « Botany OneReactions of Nicotiana species to inoculation with begomoviruses « Botany One
The inability of begomoviruses to systemically infect several Nicotiana species is likely due to inhibition of virus movement rather than replication and provides a novel model to study virus-host interactions in resistant/susceptible hosts.
https://www.botany.one/2011/10/reactions-of-nicotiana-species-to-inoculation-with-begomoviruses/
Begomovirus | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard CatalystBegomovirus | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
Lapidot M, Gelbart D, Gal-On A, Sela N, Anfoka G, Haj Ahmed F, Abou-Jawada Y, Sobh H, Mazyad H, Aboul-Ata AA, Kamal El-Attar A, Ali-Shtayeh MS, Jamous RM, Polston JE, Duffy S. Frequent migration of introduced cucurbit-infecting begomoviruses among Middle Eastern countries. Virol J. 2014 Oct 09; 11:181 ...
https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Concept/Begomovirus
Institution | ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural ResearchInstitution | ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research
So far the Institute has developed and released 60 high yielding open pollinated varieties and 15 F1 hybrids in 24 vegetable crops resistant to pests and diseases for commercial cultivation, Arka Manik of Watermelon - triple resistant to pests and diseases, Arka Anamika in okra resistant to Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus and Arka Komal of French bean resistant to rust has spread to the length and breadth of the nation. High yielding varieties of tomato Arka Vikas, Arka Kalyan and Arka Niketan in onion have made significant impacts. In the recent years, the Institute has released tomato hybrid Arka Ananya, with combined resistant to Tomato Leaf Curl Virus and Bacterial wilt, chilli hybrids Arka Meghana tolerant to thrips and viruses, Arka Harita and Arka Suphal of chilli tolerant to powdery mildew, high yielding male sterility base chilli hybrid Arka Swetha, bacterial wilt brinjal hybrid Arka Anand, high yielding onion hybrids based on male sterility Arka Lalima and Arka Kirthima are a few which have ...
http://iihr.res.in/institution
Latest Jobs in Ibn e Sina Hospital and Research Institute, Multan Medical and Dental College, Health Department Punjab, 27-Dec...Latest Jobs in Ibn e Sina Hospital and Research Institute, Multan Medical and Dental College, Health Department Punjab, 27-Dec...
Latest Jobs in Ibn e Sina Hospital and Research Institute, Multan Medical and Dental College, Health Department Punjab, posted on 27-Dec-2017 | Jobs in Pakistan
http://pakjobsalert.com/jobs/8428-latest-jobs-in-ibn-e-sina-hospital-and-research-institute-multan-medical-and-dental-college-health-department-punjab
Grape Ivy Plant Problems - Reasons And Fixes For Yellow Leaves On Grape IvyGrape Ivy Plant Problems - Reasons And Fixes For Yellow Leaves On Grape Ivy
Hardy grape ivy can make a great houseplant if its given the proper care. Sometimes, though, it still gets sick and develops yellow leaves. Find out how to care for a grape ivy with yellow leaves in this article.
https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/houseplants/grape-ivy/grape-ivy-turning-yellow.htm
Handling HTTP Cookies in cURL - Web Scraping & data miningHandling HTTP Cookies in cURL - Web Scraping & data mining
function get_web_page( $url ){ $options = array( CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER =, true, // to return web page CURLOPT_HEADER =, true, // to return headers in addition to content CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION =, true, // to follow redirects CURLOPT_ENCODING =, , // to handle all encodings CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER =, true, // to set referer on redirect CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT =, 120, // set a timeout on connect CURLOPT_TIMEOUT =, 120, // set a timeout on response CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS =, 10, // to stop after 10 redirects CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT =, true, // no header out CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER =, false,// to disable SSL Cert checks CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION =, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_1, ); $handle = curl_init( $url ); curl_setopt_array( $handle, $options ); // additional for storing cookie $tmpfname = dirname(__FILE__)./cookie.txt; curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, $tmpfname); curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $tmpfname); $raw_content = curl_exec( $handle ); $err = curl_errno( $handle ); $errmsg = curl_error( $handle ...
https://webscraping.pro/http-cookie-handler-curl/?replytocom=482
Handling HTTP Cookies in cURL - Web Scraping & data miningHandling HTTP Cookies in cURL - Web Scraping & data mining
function get_web_page( $url ){ $options = array( CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER =, true, // to return web page CURLOPT_HEADER =, true, // to return headers in addition to content CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION =, true, // to follow redirects CURLOPT_ENCODING =, , // to handle all encodings CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER =, true, // to set referer on redirect CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT =, 120, // set a timeout on connect CURLOPT_TIMEOUT =, 120, // set a timeout on response CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS =, 10, // to stop after 10 redirects CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT =, true, // no header out CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER =, false,// to disable SSL Cert checks CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION =, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_1, ); $handle = curl_init( $url ); curl_setopt_array( $handle, $options ); // additional for storing cookie $tmpfname = dirname(__FILE__)./cookie.txt; curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, $tmpfname); curl_setopt($handle, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $tmpfname); $raw_content = curl_exec( $handle ); $err = curl_errno( $handle ); $errmsg = curl_error( $handle ...
https://webscraping.pro/http-cookie-handler-curl/?replytocom=481
Abutilon theophrasti - WikispeciesAbutilon theophrasti - Wikispecies
Hassler M. 2017. Abutilon theophrasti World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World (version Aug. 2017). In: Roskov Y., Abucay L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., DeWalt R.E., Decock W., De Wever A., Nieukerken E. van, Zarucchi J., Penev L., eds. 2017. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2017 July 23 ...
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Abutilon_theophrasti
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Put A Little Umbrella In Your Drink: Surface Curls Smoothing Cream :: ReviewPut A Little Umbrella In Your Drink: Surface Curls Smoothing Cream :: Review
Surface Curls Smoothing Cream is the newest addition to the Surface Curls Line. Surface Curls is a gluten, sulfate and paraben free, vegan line that soothes brittle, frizzy curls on contact through certified organic botanicals. Rich in Magnesium, Vitamin K, Cocoa Butter and Omega 3 and 6 Fatty Acids, the products restore health to all curl textures and hair types. It is an affordable luxury for all curly hair types. The new Surface Curls Smoothing Cream creates silky, smooth, straight hair while reducing styling time ...
https://www.alittleumbrella.com/2014/10/surface-curls-smoothing-cream-review.html
Loss of Curl | forums.hennapage.comLoss of Curl | forums.hennapage.com
Ok I have the same issue. I had soft natural ringlets and over time I noticed they began to soften and flatten and though I love henna I really didnt like the results it had on my curls at all. I tried the amla and wasnt really too impressed. I mean I didnt see much of a change after using it once in a henna mix and another time by itself on my hair. That being the issue, I have been using henna only on my roots and doing a whole head treatment every three months and this has helped somewhat BUT it hasnt completely restored the original curl. So unless there is a solution to have your original curl and henna loveliness, you have to decide whats more important, if you want to use henna once a month you will find that the curls will be dramatically loose over time. If you do what I do you will (whole head every three months and only roots once a month) you will find that there is a little more curl and bounce but not as it was so to speak. There is another option I am considering which is to ...
http://www.forums.hennapage.com/comment/24790
Loss of Curl | forums.hennapage.comLoss of Curl | forums.hennapage.com
Ok I have the same issue. I had soft natural ringlets and over time I noticed they began to soften and flatten and though I love henna I really didnt like the results it had on my curls at all. I tried the amla and wasnt really too impressed. I mean I didnt see much of a change after using it once in a henna mix and another time by itself on my hair. That being the issue, I have been using henna only on my roots and doing a whole head treatment every three months and this has helped somewhat BUT it hasnt completely restored the original curl. So unless there is a solution to have your original curl and henna loveliness, you have to decide whats more important, if you want to use henna once a month you will find that the curls will be dramatically loose over time. If you do what I do you will (whole head every three months and only roots once a month) you will find that there is a little more curl and bounce but not as it was so to speak. There is another option I am considering which is to ...
http://www.forums.hennapage.com/comment/4461
ghd curl goals gift set | ghd® Officialghd curl goals gift set | ghd® Official
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Ways To Curl Your Hair Without A Curling Ironways To Curl Your Hair Without Curling Iron Tags : 16 Unbelievable How To Curl...Ways To Curl Your Hair Without A Curling Ironways To Curl Your Hair Without Curling Iron Tags : 16 Unbelievable How To Curl...
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Hasaan FoundationHasaan Foundation
Hasaan Foundation (NGO) have its headquarters in Multan City in south Punjab while covering the Districts Multan, Muzaffarghar, Dera Ghazi Khan and RajnPur including rural areas respectively, Further now we are exploringing our work in all provinces (Punjab ,Sind ,Balouchistan,NWFP as well as FATA and related Valleys / Agencies) of Pakistan Country. In the long term, Hasaan foundation(NGO)hopes to gradually expand its work in other countries of the world ...
http://hasaanfoundation.org/coverage.php
Mendeley Data - Anthropometric-Data-Aged-2-19-PakMendeley Data - Anthropometric-Data-Aged-2-19-Pak
The dataset is of 10,782 children and adolescents, aged 2 to 19 years, who belonged to four major cities of Pakistan including Lahore, Multan, Rawalpindi/Islamabad. The dataset consists of data about variables age (years), gender status (boys/girls), residential city (Multan/ Lahore/ Rawalpindi or Islamabad) and anthropometric measurements i.e., height (0.1cm), weight (kg.), WC (0.1cm), HpC (0.1cm), MUAC (0.1cm), NC (0.1cm) and WrC (0.1cm).
https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/sxgymx5xjm/1
Institute of Engineering & Technology NFC Jobs in Multan - Pakistani Government Jobs - Today Employment NewsInstitute of Engineering & Technology NFC Jobs in Multan - Pakistani Government Jobs - Today Employment News
NFC- IET Institute of Engineering & Technology invites applications for the Suitable and qualified candidates for the Positions of Chemical Engineerin
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Business Development Representative (Home Based) Job, Islamabad, Gujranwala, Karachi, Multan, Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Server...Business Development Representative (Home Based) Job, Islamabad, Gujranwala, Karachi, Multan, Peshawar, Rawalpindi, Server...
Site identification survey for PMs housing scheme underway | Peshawar | thenews.com.pk |...Site identification survey for PMs housing scheme underway | Peshawar | thenews.com.pk |...
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https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/501366-site-identification-survey-for-pm-s-housing-scheme-underway
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Ref: Svanella-Dumas L, et al.: First report of lettuce necrotic leaf curl virus infecting cultivated lettuce in France. Plant Dis, First Look. 2020; DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-11-20-2348-PDN. Abstract [abridged, edited ...
https://app.pestnet.org/search?t=ProMED
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A while ago I was going curls with the z bar with enough weight that it was pretty difficult to do. I may have dropped/slammed the bar onto the preacher rack and that hurt my forearm a little bit. This was about a month ago or more. Yesterday I was doing curls with dumbells with much lesser weight and when I put it down and released it, i could feel the pain in the forearm again. Ive taking it slow, if do hammer curls instead which dont hurt.
https://forums.t-nation.com/t/forearm-pain-bicep-curls/90352
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Browsing M-FIT Tesis by Subject Rizado de la hojaBrowsing M-FIT Tesis by Subject "Rizado de la hoja"
... para detectar la presencia de begomovirus, y 46 resultaron ser ... ...
https://repositorio.lamolina.edu.pe/handle/UNALM/314/browse?type=subject&value=Rizado+de+la+hoja
GeminiviridaeGenusVirusesInfectionBetasatelliteIsolatesTYLCVSequencesAssociation of begomovirusCurtovirusGeminivirusBegomovirusesMolecularIndiaBipartiteBemisiaMonopartiteSequencePrimersVirusGeneticCropsViralPhylogeneticMoleculesGenome organizationWeedsDiseaseAbMVVeinPresencia
Geminiviridae13
  • Begomovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Geminiviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fiallo-Olivé, Elvira 2017-02-27 00:00:00 A novel bipartite legumovirus (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae), that naturally infects the wild leguminous plant Desmodium sp. (deepdyve.com)
  • Viruses in the genus, Begomovirus (family, Geminiviridae ) are transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By studying plant DNA viruses of the genus Begomovirus within the family Geminiviridae , which are transmitted by whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci species complex in a persistent manner, we revealed that virus-induced apoptosis in insect vectors can facilitate viral accumulation and transmission. (asm.org)
  • Watermelon chlorotic stunt virus (WmCSV) is a bipartite begomovirus (genus Begomovirus , family Geminiviridae ) that causes economic losses to cucurbits, particularly watermelon, across the Middle East and North Africa. (mdpi.com)
  • RESUMEN Las arvenses son hospederos alternos de begomovirus ( Geminiviridae ), los cuales facilitan su persistencia y propagación a cultivos de interés agronómico, como el tomate . (bvsalud.org)
  • African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) is a member of the genus Begomovirus in the family Geminiviridae . (cabi.org)
  • The disease is caused by whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (family Geminiviridae, genus Begomovirus) in association with specific, symptom-modulating satellites (betasatellites) and an evolutionarily distinct group of satellite-like molecules known as alphasatellites. (nih.gov)
  • Abutilon mosaic virus is a part of the Geminivirus/Geminiviridae family and Begomovirus genus. (kenyon.edu)
  • It is a begomovirus in the family Geminiviridae . (ufl.edu)
  • Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a DNA virus from the genus Begomovirus and the family Geminiviridae. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cassava mosaic disease is caused by a complex of cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMG's), family Geminiviridae, and genus Begomovirus . (academicjournals.org)
  • The genus Begomovirus constitutes a group of geminiviruses (family Geminiviridae ) many of which have a bipartite genome (19). (plantmanagementnetwork.org)
Genus5
  • Sequence comparison revealed that this virus represents a new species in the genus Begomovirus. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Gemini viruses transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) are in the genus Begomovirus and infect a wide range of crops including tomato [ 3 , 4 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Genus Tequatrovirus ( T4virus , T4-ähnliche Viren , en. (wikipedia.org)
  • 56 new and 22 deleted species in the genus Begomovirus" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
  • Geminiviruses, in particular the members of the genus begomovirus, are considered to be a major phytosanitary problem for tomato crops production in the world. (academicjournals.org)
Viruses3
  • Based on the current demarcation criterion for the Begomovirus species established by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses , the geminivirus isolated from the weeds A. dubius, R. humilis, R. minima, Desmodium sp. (bvsalud.org)
  • East African Cassava Mosaic-Like Viruses from Africa to the Indian Ocean Islands: Molecular Diversity, Evolutionary History and Geographical Dissemination of a Bipartite Begomovirus. (sanbi.ac.za)
  • Such a survey in Trinidad would reveal the identity of viruses associated with these outbreaks, and aid in determining the importance and contribution of begomovirus infection to the overall viral disease situation in tomato. (plantmanagementnetwork.org)
Infection14
  • Tomato leaf samples were collected in 2014 and 2016, and PCR with degenerate primers revealed begomovirus infection. (springermedizin.de)
  • Typical symptoms of begomovirus infection are leaf curling, leaf yellowing, vein yellowing, mosaic discoloration and stunting of plant growth. (springermedizin.de)
  • The results reinforce the assertion that infection of non-cultivated plant species leads to higher levels of standing genetic variability, and indicate that recombination, not adaptive selection, explains the higher begomovirus variability in non-cultivated hosts. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Moreover, the positive effect of whitefly apoptosis on virus accumulation and transmission was not due to its cross talk with the autophagy pathway that suppresses begomovirus infection in whiteflies. (asm.org)
  • Ageratum conyzoides (goat weed) is a widespread uncultivated species in Cameroon that exhibits leaf curl disease (LCD) symptoms suggestive of begomovirus infection. (elsevier.com)
  • Recently squash ( Cucurbita moschata ) grown in an experimental field in Oman was found to display symptoms such as leaf curling, yellowing and stunting, typical of a begomovirus infection. (mdpi.com)
  • Leaf samples from symptomatic plants collected at 57 orchards located in ten counties were evaluated by PCR for begomovirus infection. (usp.br)
  • Approximately 235,000 visually assessed plants exhibited symptoms characteristic of begomovirus infection. (usp.br)
  • Leaf yellowing and rolling with slight crinkling was observed in radish plants in Oman, indicative of a begomovirus infection. (thefreelibrary.com)
  • The symptoms are typical of begomovirus infection and the disease severity ranges from 50-80% in most of the farms. (thefreelibrary.com)
  • Begomovirus infection on Cucumber in Saudi Arabia. (springer.com)
  • The conditional probabilities of a mixed infection knowing the a priori probabilities of phytoplasma and begomovirus were calculated using the classical formula of probability. (sld.cu)
  • The occurence of a mixed infection was more probable when it was known a priori that the phytoplasma was present than when it was the begomovirus. (sld.cu)
  • During 2017, D. arvensis plants growing adjacent to a field of cotton in Faisalabad, Pakistan, were identified with foliar yellow mosaic and curling symptoms reminiscent of begomovirus infection. (springer.com)
Betasatellite8
  • Kumar RV, Singh AK, Singh AK, Yadav T, Basu S, Kushwaha N, Chattopadhyay B, Chakraborty S. Complexity of begomovirus and betasatellite populations associated with chilli leaf curl disease in India. (harvard.edu)
  • Full-length begomovirus clones were obtained from the four plant samples and betasatellite clones from three of these. (mdpi.com)
  • This virus had a typical monopartite Old World begomovirus genome and was accompanied by a betasatellite. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Molecular characterization of a Begomovirus and Betasatellite infecting wild sunflower (Helianthus spp. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The association of Begomovirus and betasatellite with these symptoms of Helianthus spp. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The highest sequence identities and closest phylogenetic relationships for the Begomovirus and betasatellite detected in Helianthus spp. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The complete genome sequences of a begomovirus and associated betasatellite was obtained by the rolling circle amplification from rose (Rosa indica) exhibiting dwarfing, leaf distortion and leaf curling symptoms from Rajasthan, India. (elsevier.com)
  • The sequence of the rose begomovirus associated betasatellite (1,349 bp) displayed greater than 97 % nucleotide sequence identity to Digera leaf curl betasatellite. (elsevier.com)
Isolates6
  • The begomovirus sequences were shown to be isolates of Ageratum enation virus (AEV) with greater than 89.1% nucleotide sequence identity to the 26 AEV sequences available in the databases. (mdpi.com)
  • In reactions with a set of monoclonal antibodies raised against begomoviruses, Y3V was readily differentiated from two previously studied Chinese Begomovirus isolates. (deepdyve.com)
  • Three strains with minor nucleotide variations were identified, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed by comparing the DNA-A segments from other reported begomovirus isolates. (edu.sa)
  • This was due tothe increasing incidences and severities of the diseases in anumber of economically important crops, including tomato.Genetic diversities of the Begomovirus isolates infectingtomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) of several areas in Indonesiawere analyzed by using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)technique. (pertanian.go.id)
  • Results of thephylogenetic analysis of the 8 Begomovirus isolates basedon Begomoviruses from the DNA database indicated thatthey belonged to three different groups. (pertanian.go.id)
  • In this study, isolates of begomovirus and satellite molecules associated with CLCuD were collected from North India (Haryana, New Delhi). (biomedcentral.com)
TYLCV3
  • The identified begomovirus was observed as isolate of TYLCV. (springer.com)
  • Here, we report that transovarial transmission from female whiteflies to offspring often happens for one begomovirus, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), and may have contributed significantly to its global spread. (pnas.org)
  • In 1997 Tomato Yellow Leaf-Curl Begomovirus , (TYLCV) was discovered in the USA, in Florida. (wikibooks.org)
Sequences2
  • In addition, two fragments containing begomovirus-alphasatellite sequences were cloned from sample AGLI4, and they were related to the defecting interfering molecule (Y14167) associated with Ageratum yellow vein virus from Asia. (elsevier.com)
  • The Time-scale of Begomovirus Evolution: Evidence from Integrated Sequences in the Nicotiana genome. (sanbi.ac.za)
Association of begomovirus3
  • Southern hybridization with begomovirus-specific probe and PCR amplification with DNA β and coat protein primers confirmed the association of begomovirus with the disease. (plantmanagementnetwork.org)
  • These findings suggest that the association of Begomovirus with severe leaf curl disease could be strain of Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus occurring in southern India. (scholarena.co)
  • There is no published report available about the association of begomovirus on Mentha from this region. (springer.com)
Curtovirus2
  • ENZYME REGULATION: Inactivated by the begomovirus AL2 protein or CC the curtovirus L2 protein. (univ-lyon1.fr)
  • Interacts with the begomovirus AL2 CC protein and the curtovirus L2 protein. (univ-lyon1.fr)
Geminivirus1
  • Tomando como base el criterio de demarcación actual para las especies de Begomovirus establecido por el Comité Internacional de Taxonomía de Virus , el geminivirus aislado de las arvenses A. dubius, R. humilis, R. minima, Desmodium sp. (bvsalud.org)
Begomoviruses5
  • Recombination analysis showed that the novel begomovirus originated through recombination between the begomoviruses ageratum yellow vein Sri Lanka virus and tomato leaf curl Sri Lanka virus. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Cloning and sequencing revealed a genome organization similar to DNA-A components of New World (NW) bipartite begomoviruses, with no DNA-B. The complete nucleotide sequence had the highest identity (80%) with the DNA-A of Macroptilium yellow spot virus (MacYSV), and phylogenetic analyses showed it is a NW begomovirus that clusters with MacYSV and Blainvillea yellow spot virus, also from NE Brazil. (springermedizin.de)
  • This study reports begomovirus-associated satellite DNAs identified during a vector-enabled metagenomic (VEM) survey of begomoviruses using whiteflies collected in various locations (California (USA), Guatemala, Israel, Puerto Rico, and Spain). (canterbury.ac.nz)
  • Our study gives valuable clues for designing strategies to block begomovirus transmission and provides insights into the evolution and global spread of begomoviruses. (pnas.org)
  • In Trinidad, the only tomato-infecting begomovirus reported to date is Potato yellow mosaic Trinidad virus (PYMTV) (24), although many other tomato-infecting begomoviruses have been reported in the wider Caribbean region (14). (plantmanagementnetwork.org)
Molecular8
  • Molecular characterization of a new begomovirus infecting Synedrella nodiflora in South India. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Molecular characterization of a distinct begomovirus infecting tobacco in Yunnan, China Zhou, X. P. (deepdyve.com)
  • The molecular data show that the Yunnan isolate of Tobacco leaf curl virus is a distinct Begomovirus species, for which the name Tobacco leaf curl Yunnan virus (TLCYnV) is proposed. (deepdyve.com)
  • Molecular characterization of distinct bipartite begomovirus infecting bhendi ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in India. (scholarena.co)
  • Molecular characterization of a new begomovirus associated with leaf yellow mosaic disease of Jatropha curcas in India. (edu.sa)
  • Molecular identification of a new begomovirus associated with mosaic disease of Jatropha curcas L. in Nigeria. (edu.sa)
  • Molecular analyses confirmed that the causal agent was the begomovirus pepper leafroll virus (PepLRV). (iapps2010.me)
  • Molecular characterization of two previously undescribed begomovirus-associated alphasatellite molecules infecting malvaceous species in Cameroon. (cabi.org)
India7
  • Recently, a begomovirus containing a satellite DNA β was found to be associated with yellow vein mosaic disease (YVMD) in kenaf in the eastern part of India (5). (plantmanagementnetwork.org)
  • A novel begomovirus was isolated from a weed of the species Synedrella nodiflora (Compositae) exhibiting yellow vein symptoms in South India. (ncbs.res.in)
  • plants exhibiting Begomovirus disease like symptoms: yellow vein net and leaf curl were observed growing in road side in Jaipur (Rajasthan), India. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease in India is caused by association of a DNA Beta satellite with a begomovirus. (scholarena.co)
  • Diversity and phylogeography of begomovirus associated betasatellites of okra in India. (scholarena.co)
  • A severe leaf curl disease of Okra with high disease incidence and loss of production was observed during field survey of various locations of Southern India, and causal organism was identified as Begomovirus and its association was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) but also by cloning and sequencing of amplified PCR products and whitefly transmission. (scholarena.co)
  • Characterization of a novel begomovirus associated with yellow mosaic disease of three ornamental species of Jatropha grown in India. (edu.sa)
Bipartite4
  • This is the first bipartite begomovirus identified in Oman. (mdpi.com)
  • The objective of this investigation was to obtain the complete genome of a bipartite begomovirus found in Amaranthus dubius, Rivina humilis, Rhynchosia minima, Desmodium sp. (bvsalud.org)
  • Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a bipartite whitefly transmitted begomovirus, responsible since 2013 of severe damages in cucurbit crops in Southeastern Spain. (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, the genome organization was typical of DNA-A component of bipartite New World begomovirus. (conicet.gov.ar)
Bemisia2
  • by whitefly (Bemisia tabacci) which induced similar symptoms to those of naturally infected plants that indicated presence of Begomovirus. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Transcript expression of Begomovirus in the Whitefly Vector ( Bemisia tabaci , Gennadius: Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). (wikibooks.org)
Monopartite2
  • More than 133 begomovirus species having monopartite genomes are known: all originate from the Old World. (wikipedia.org)
  • The sequence of the begomovirus was determined to be 2,741 bp and showed the typical genome arrangement of an monopartite Old World begomovirus. (elsevier.com)
Sequence4
  • Isolation and sequence characterization of DNA-A genome of a new begomovirus strain associated with severe leaf curling symptoms of Jatropha curcas L. (edu.sa)
  • The genome sequence showed the general organization of DNA-A from begomovirus by the distribution of ORFs in both viral and anti-viral strands. (edu.sa)
  • Chauhan S, Rahman H, Mastan SG, Sudheer PDVN, Reddy MP (2018) Isolation and sequence characterization of DNA-A genome of a new begomovirus strain associated with severe leaf curling symptoms of Jatropha curcas L. Gene. (edu.sa)
  • The full sequence of the DNA-A component was 94% homologous to the DNA-A sequence of the Uruguayan begomovirus Tomato Rugose Yellow Leaf Curl Virus-[U4.1] (JN381823.1). (conicet.gov.ar)
Primers3
  • A 1500 base pairs of PCR fragments amplified byusing degenerate primers for Begomovirus was digestedusing four restriction enzymes, i.e. (pertanian.go.id)
  • Naturally infected samples were collected from various locations and causative agent was identified by PCR using begomovirus specific primers and further cloned and sequenced bidirectionally. (springer.com)
  • DNA isolated from infected tomato leaves collected from three symptomatic tomato plants was amplified by PCR with specific primers designed to amplify a region of component A and B of the Begomovirus genome (3). (conicet.gov.ar)
Virus17
  • The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of fungicide application on the concentration of Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV, Begomovirus ) in the 'Mariana' hybrid tomato coinfected with ToSRV and Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV, Crinivirus ) and the progression of viral concentration by qPCR, as well as to quantify fruit yield and quality. (scielo.br)
  • O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de fungicidas na concentração de Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV, Begomovirus ) no híbrido de tomateiro 'Mariana' coinfectado por ToSRV e Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV, Crinivirus ) e a progressão da concentração viral por qPCR, bem como quantificar a produção e a qualidade de frutos. (scielo.br)
  • DNA-B had the highest nucleotide identities (65.4% and 66.4%) with a typical non-legumovirus Old World begomovirus, African cassava mosaic virus. (deepdyve.com)
  • The name Tomato leaf curl purple vein virus (ToLCPVV) is proposed for this new begomovirus. (springermedizin.de)
  • The results of begomovirus detection in 147 field samples indicated that MAb M1 reacted with 2 begomovirus species, TYLCTHV and Tobacco leaf curl Yunnan virus (TbLCYnV), whereas MAb D2 reacted with 4 begomovirus species, TYLCTHV, TbLCYnV, Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tomato leaf curl Sudan virus (ToLCSDV) is a single-stranded DNA begomovirus of tomato that causes downward leaf curl, yellowing, and stunting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ToLCSDV symptoms resemble those caused by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus , a distinct and widespread begomovirus originating in the Middle East. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results indicated that all three symptomatic A. conyzoides plants examined were infected with a new begomovirus species, herein named Ageratum leaf curl Cameroon virus (ALCCMV). (elsevier.com)
  • El análisis de secuencia de nucleótidos del genoma begomoviral A con otros begomovirus previamente reportados, mostró la mayor identidad (90,9 %) con el virus del mosaico dorado de Rhynchosia de Yucatán. (bvsalud.org)
  • Con base en la sintomatología observada en campo, se propone el nombre de Virus del mosaico dorado de Rhynchosia de Colombia para designar a esta nueva especie. (bvsalud.org)
  • Bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) en Phaselous vulgaris L. (sld.cu)
  • Aun en presencia del vector, la clorosis de la hoja y la deformación se asociaron con una baja probabilidad de infección mixta, lo cual sugiere la presencia de un virus único u otra enfermedad. (sld.cu)
  • This has been associated with the occurrence of a novel and highly virulent cassava mosaic begomovirus the "Ugandan variant" of East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV-UG). (infonet-biovision.org)
  • This virus might be accompanying another begomovirus TYVSV that provoked yellow veins symptoms in tomato plants cultivated in the same area of Corrientes. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • In Pakistan, the Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) (a begomovirus) affects cotton plants causing significant loss to the economy of this agriculturally based country. (agriculturejournals.cz)
  • however, begomovirus disease management strategies will also have to accommodate control measures that target virus complexes in those areas affected by such multiple infections. (plantmanagementnetwork.org)
  • PYMTV is a double recombinant begomovirus and has since been classified as a species distinct from Potato yellow mosaic virus (PYMV), which was first identified in Venezuela (18). (plantmanagementnetwork.org)
Genetic1
  • This VEM-based survey indicates that, although recently recovered begomovirus genomes are variations of known genetic themes, satellite DNAs hold unexplored genetic diversity. (canterbury.ac.nz)
Crops1
  • The begomovirus associated disease was observed on Mentha crops during field survey which were growing near to tomato field. (springer.com)
Viral4
  • Sarkar TS, Bhattacharjee A, Majumdar U, Roy A, Maiti D, Goswamy AM, Ghosh SK, Ghosh S. Biochemical characterization of compatible plant-viral interaction: a case study with a begomovirus-kenaf host-pathosystem. (harvard.edu)
  • The begomovirus nuclear shuttle protein (NSP) assists the intracellular transport of viral DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and cooperates with the movement protein (MP) for the cell-to-cell translocation of viral DNA to uninfected cells. (figshare.com)
  • LIMYB overexpression represses ribosomal protein genes at the transcriptional level, resulting in protein synthesis inhibition, decreased viral messenger RNA association with polysome fractions and enhanced tolerance to begomovirus. (nature.com)
  • In conclusion, this approach described herein is simple and will enhance the exploration of begomovirus diversities from cassava infected plants, irrespective of their viral abundance. (academicjournals.org)
Phylogenetic1
  • In the phylogenetic tree, no clustering was observed with previously reported begomovirus strains isolated from J. curcas host. (edu.sa)
Molecules1
  • Since begomovirus acquisition or exchange of satellite DNAs may lead to adaptation to new plant hosts and emergence of new disease complexes, it is important to investigate the diversity and distribution of these molecules. (canterbury.ac.nz)
Genome organization1
  • it comprises 2744 nucleotides and has a typical Begomovirus genome organization. (deepdyve.com)
Weeds1
  • Finally, the presence of this begomovirus in all weeds was verified by specific PCR . (bvsalud.org)
Disease2
  • The aim of this work was to identify the species of begomovirus infecting the passionflowers, its prevalence in southwestern Bahia, and the spatial and temporal dynamics of the disease. (usp.br)
  • ACMV was the first of 10 recognized and one tentative begomovirus species characterized from cassava plants affected by cassava mosaic disease (CMD). (cabi.org)
AbMV1
  • Transgenically expressed ToMV 30K movement protein was not able to induce phloemescape of AbMV in tomato plants and did not lead to any obvious change in begomovirus symptomatology. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Vein1
  • A new begomovirus species was identified from tomato plants with upward leaf curling and purple vein symptoms, which was first identified in the Piaui state of Northeast (NE) Brazil in 2014. (springermedizin.de)
Presencia4
  • Finalmente, se verificó la presencia de este begomovirus en todas las arvenses mediante PCR específico. (bvsalud.org)
  • Las probabilidades condicionales de presencia de infección mixta, conociendo a priori la presencia de fitoplasmas o begomovirus, se calcularon usando la fórmula clásica de probabilidad. (sld.cu)
  • La existencia de infección mixta fue más probable cuando se conoce a priori que el fitoplasma está presente, que cuando se establece primero la presencia de begomovirus. (sld.cu)
  • Los síntomas en el cultivo de frijol que más se asociaron con la presencia de infección mixta fueron arrugamiento de las hojas, mosaico y reducción del tamaño de las hojas. (sld.cu)

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