Beauveria
Metarhizium
Pest Control, Biological
Hypocreales
Cordyceps
Tetrachlorvinphos
Mitosporic Fungi
Rhipicephalus
Insects
Biological Control Agents
Depsipeptides
Paecilomyces
Wetting Agents
Caulerpa
Aphids
Xenopsylla
Melia azedarach
Hemiptera
Arthropod Vectors
Arthropods
Yucca
Ticks
Carbadox
Volatile organic compounds released by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (1/123)
The composition of volatile organic compounds (VOC) released by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Hyphomycete: Deuteromycotina) utilizing two different carbon sources was investigated. Analyses were performed by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to capillary gas chromatography (CGC) and CGC-mass spectrometry (MS). Major components in glucose-grown cultures were diisopropyl naphthalenes, ethanol, and sesquiterpenes. Alkane-grown fungal VOC switched to a fingerprint with prevalence of n-decane. This is the first report on the volatiles released by entomopathogenic fungi. (+info)A toll receptor and a cytokine, Toll5A and Spz1C, are involved in toll antifungal immune signaling in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. (2/123)
The fungal-specific immune response in the mosquito Aedes aegypti involves the Toll immune pathway transduced through REL1, a homologue of the NF-kappaB transcription factor Drosophila Dorsal. The Toll receptor and its ligand, Spatzle (Spz), link extracellular immune signals to the Toll intracellular transduction pathway. Five homologues to the Drosophila Toll (Toll1) receptor (Toll1A, Toll1B, Toll5A, Toll5B, and Toll4) and three homologues to the Drosophila cytokine Spatzle (Spz1A, 1B, and 1C) were identified from genomic and cDNA sequence data bases. Toll1A, Toll5A, Toll5B, and Spz1A were specifically induced in the mosquito fat body following fungal challenge. This transcriptional up-regulation was mediated by REL1. Spz1C was constitutively expressed in the mosquito fat body, whereas Spz1B and Toll4 were primarily expressed in ovarian tissues of female mosquitoes. The transcripts of Toll1B were only detected in early stages of mosquito embryos. RNA interference knock down of Toll5A and Spz1C resulted in two phenotypes of Aedes Toll/REL1 pathway deficiency: decreased induction of Aedes Serpin-27A following fungal challenge and increased susceptibility to the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. These data suggest that Toll5A and Spz1C function as cytokine receptor systems specific to the Toll receptor-mediated immune response following fungal challenge in the mosquito fat body. (+info)Increased insect virulence in Beauveria bassiana strains overexpressing an engineered chitinase. (3/123)
Entomopathogenic fungi are currently being used for the control of several insect pests as alternatives or supplements to chemical insecticides. Improvements in virulence and speed of kill can be achieved by understanding the mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis and genetically modifying targeted genes, thus improving the commercial efficacy of these biocontrol agents. Entomopathogenic fungi, such as Beauveria bassiana, penetrate the insect cuticle utilizing a plethora of hydrolytic enzymes, including chitinases, which are important virulence factors. Two chitinases (Bbchit1 and Bbchit2) have previously been characterized in B. bassiana, neither of which possesses chitin-binding domains. Here we report the construction and characterization of several B. bassiana hybrid chitinases where the chitinase Bbchit1 was fused to chitin-binding domains derived from plant, bacterial, or insect sources. A hybrid chitinase containing the chitin-binding domain (BmChBD) from the silkworm Bombyx mori chitinase fused to Bbchit1 showed the greatest ability to bind to chitin compared to other hybrid chitinases. This hybrid chitinase gene (Bbchit1-BmChBD) was then placed under the control of a fungal constitutive promoter (gpd-Bbchit1-BmChBD) and transformed into B. bassiana. Insect bioassays showed a 23% reduction in time to death in the transformant compared to the wild-type fungus. This transformant also showed greater virulence than another construct (gpd-Bbchit1) with the same constitutive promoter but lacking the chitin-binding domain. We utilized a strategy where genetic components of the host insect can be incorporated into the fungal pathogen in order to increase host cuticle penetration ability. (+info)Clues on the role of Beauveria bassiana catalases in alkane degradation events. (4/123)
Entomopathogenic fungi adapt to growth in a culture medium containing an insect-like hydrocarbon as the sole carbon source inducing the beta-oxidation pathway during the alkane degradation. The effect of two carbon sources on the catalase activity was studied in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Catalase activity was detected both in the peroxisomal and cytosolic fraction. A significant increment in the specific activity of the peroxisomal fraction (12.6-fold) was observed when glucose was replaced by an insect-like hydrocarbon, whereas the specific activity in the cytosol diminished more than 1.2-fold in the same culture condition. After purification to homogeneity by gel filtration and strong anion exchange chromatography, an apparent molecular mass of 54.7 and 84.0 kDa per subunit were determined respectively for the peroxisomal and cytosolic catalase. The enzymes showed different biochemical and kinetic characteristics, but both were inhibited by 3-amino-1,2,4 triazole. Peroxisomal catalase was sensitive to pH, heat and high concentration of the hydrogen peroxide substrate. Inversely the cytosolic isoform exhibited a broad range of optimal pH (6.0-10.0), high thermostability (<55 C) and remained fully active at least up to 70 mM hydrogen peroxide. Measurement of catalase activity is a new approach for evaluating fungal ability to degrade hydrocarbons. (+info)Dual detection of fungal infections in Drosophila via recognition of glucans and sensing of virulence factors. (5/123)
The Drosophila immune system discriminates between various types of infections and activates appropriate signal transduction pathways to combat the invading microorganisms. The Toll pathway is required for the host response against fungal and most Gram-positive bacterial infections. The sensing of Gram-positive bacteria is mediated by the pattern recognition receptors PGRP-SA and GNBP1 that cooperate to detect the presence of infections in the host. Here, we report that GNBP3 is a pattern recognition receptor that is required for the detection of fungal cell wall components. Strikingly, we find that there is a second, parallel pathway acting jointly with GNBP3. The Drosophila Persephone protease activates the Toll pathway when proteolytically matured by the secreted fungal virulence factor PR1. Thus, the detection of fungal infections in Drosophila relies both on the recognition of invariant microbial patterns and on monitoring the effects of virulence factors on the host. (+info)Inbreeding and extreme outbreeding cause sex differences in immune defence and life history traits in Epirrita autumnata. (6/123)
Empirical studies in vertebrates support the hypothesis that inbreeding reduces resistance against parasites and pathogens. However, studies in insects have not found any evidence that inbreeding compromises immune defence. Here we tested whether one generation of brother-sister mating or extreme outbreeding (mating between two populations) have an effect on innate immunity and life history traits in the autumnal moth, Epirrita autumnata. We show that the effect of inbreeding on immune response differed between the sexes: whereas in females, inbreeding significantly reduced encapsulation response against nylon monofilament ability, it did not have a significant effect on male immune response. There were also differences in the correlation of the immune response with other traits: in females increased immune response was positively correlated with large size, whereas in males immune response increased with a reduction in development time. Immune response differed significantly among families in males but not in females, both for the inbreeding and extreme outbreeding experiments. In conjunction with the observed immune responses to inbreeding, these data suggest that in males genetic variation for immune response is largely additive or non-directional with respect to dominance, whereas in females variation is much reduced and consists of directional dominance variance. Further, we show that encapsulation response against nylon monofilament is associated with the resistance against real pathogens suggesting that this widely used method to measure the strength of immune defence in insects is also a biologically relevant method. (+info)Drosophila eiger mutants are sensitive to extracellular pathogens. (7/123)
We showed previously that eiger, the Drosophila tumor necrosis factor homolog, contributes to the pathology induced by infection with Salmonella typhimurium. We were curious whether eiger is always detrimental in the context of infection or if it plays a role in fighting some types of microbes. We challenged wild-type and eiger mutant flies with a collection of facultative intracellular and extracellular pathogens, including a fungus and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The response of eiger mutants divided these microbes into two groups: eiger mutants are immunocompromised with respect to extracellular pathogens but show no change or reduced sensitivity to facultative intracellular pathogens. Hence, eiger helps fight infections but also can cause pathology. We propose that eiger activates the cellular immune response of the fly to aid clearance of extracellular pathogens. Intracellular pathogens, which can already defeat professional phagocytes, are unaffected by eiger. (+info)Cultivation-independent analysis of fungal genotypes in soil by using simple sequence repeat markers. (8/123)
Cultivation-independent analyses of fungi are used for community profiling as well as identification of specific strains in environmental samples. The objective of the present study was to adapt genotyping based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker detection for use in cultivation-independent monitoring of fungal species or strains in bulk soil DNA. As a model system, a fungal biocontrol agent (BCA) based on Beauveria brongniartii, for which six SSR markers have been developed, was used. Species specificity of SSR detection was verified with 15 fungal species. Real-time PCR was used to adjust for different detection sensitivities of the six SSR markers as well as for different template quantities. The limit for reliable detection per PCR assay was below 2 pg target DNA, corresponding to an estimated 45 genome copies of B. brongniartii. The cultivation-independent approach was compared to cultivation-dependent SSR analysis with soil samples from a B. brongniartii BCA-treated field plot. Results of the cultivation-independent method were consistent with cultivation-dependent genotyping and allowed for unambiguous identification and differentiation of the applied as well as indigenous strains in the samples. Due to the larger quantities of soil used for cultivation-dependent analysis, its sensitivity was higher, but cultivation-independent SSR genotyping was much faster. Therefore, cultivation-independent monitoring of B. brongniartii based on multiple SSR markers represents a rapid and strain-specific approach. This strategy may also be applicable to other fungal species or strains for which SSR markers have been developed. (+info)Mite infestations refer to the presence and growth of mites on or inside the human body, often causing symptoms such as itching, redness, and inflammation. Mites are tiny, eight-legged arachnids that can live on the skin, in hair follicles, or in bedding and clothing.
Types of Mite Infestations:
1. Scabies Mite Infestation: caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which burrows into the skin and lays eggs, leading to intense itching and rashes.
2. Demodex Mite Infestation: caused by the Demodex folliculorum or Demodex brevis mites, which live in hair follicles and can cause papules, pustules, and rosacea-like symptoms.
3. Cheyletiella Mite Infestation: caused by the Cheyletiella galinae mite, which lives on the skin and can cause itching and scaling.
4. Gamasoid Mite Infestation: caused by the Gamasoid falcatus mite, which can live in bedding and clothing and cause itching and rashes.
Symptoms of Mite Infestations:
1. Intensive itching, especially at night
2. Redness and inflammation
3. Papules, pustules, or nodules
4. Crusted lesions or sores
5. Hair loss or thinning
6. Fatigue or fever
7. Skin thickening or pigmentation
Diagnosis of Mite Infestations:
1. Physical examination and medical history
2. Allergic patch testing
3. Skin scrapings or biopsy
4. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings or biopsy samples
5. Blood tests to rule out other conditions
Treatment of Mite Infestations:
1. Topical creams, lotions, or ointments (e.g., crotamiton, permethrin, or malathion)
2. Oral medications (e.g., antihistamines, corticosteroids, or antibiotics)
3. Home remedies (e.g., applying heat, using oatmeal baths, or massaging with coconut oil)
4. Environmental measures (e.g., washing and drying bedding and clothing in hot water, using a dehumidifier, or replacing carpets with hard flooring)
5. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for intravenous medication and wound care.
Prevention of Mite Infestations:
1. Avoid exposure to areas where mites are common, such as gardens or woodpiles.
2. Use protective clothing and gear when outdoors.
3. Regularly wash and dry bedding and clothing in hot water.
4. Dry clean or heat-treat items that can't be washed.
5. Use a dehumidifier to reduce humidity levels in the home.
6. Replace carpets with hard flooring.
7. Regularly vacuum and dust, especially in areas where mites are common.
8. Avoid sharing personal items, such as bedding or clothing, with others.
9. Use mite-repellent products, such as mattress and pillow covers, on bedding.
10. Consider using a professional mite exterminator if infestations are severe or widespread.
Beauveria
Beauveria bassiana
Lomentospora prolificans
Myllocerus viridanus
Cordyceps locustiphila
List of fungi of South Africa - B
Mole cricket
Tolypocladium inflatum
Scirtothrips dorsalis
Anopheles arabiensis
Curvularia inaequalis
Jean Paul Vuillemin
Giuseppe Gabriel Balsamo-Crivelli
Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense
Insecticide
Jean Beauverie
Syspastospora parasitica
Biopesticide
Holotrichia serrata
Tritirachium oryzae
Anopheles gambiae
Entomopathogenic fungus
Curculio elephas
History of silk
Azadirachtin
Muscardine
Flax weevil
Western flower thrips
Donald W. Roberts
Blueberry
Pathogenicity of an indigenous strain of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana on larvae and adults of the sisal...
"Effects of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bal.) Vuill. on behavior, ov" by J. C. Lord, B. P. Magalhães et al.
Beauveria Bassiana Archives - Miracle Farms
Effects of combining the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on the mortality of the tick Amblyomma variegatum ...
IMSEAR at SEARO: Growth Pattern of Beauveria bassiana in Different Eco-friendly Media
Mycotrol ESO | OMRI Listed and WSDA Certified Biocontrol Spray
Molecular basis of antibiotic self-resistance in a bee larvae pathogen | Nature Communications
View of COMPATIBILIDADE DE INSETICIDAS UTILIZADOS NO CONTROLE DA MOSCA BRANCA EM SOJA COM Beauveria bassiana
Forests | Free Full-Text | Thousand Cankers Disease Complex: A Forest Health Issue that Threatens Juglans Species across the U...
Role of oxalic acid overexcretion in transformations of toxic metal minerals by <i>Beauveria caledonica<...
Alice: Efeitos dos fatores físicos e bióticos na conidiogênese e sobrevivência de Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. no interior...
Vector Control Products Pipeline | WHO - Prequalification of Medical Products (IVDs, Medicines, Vaccines and Immunization...
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Nahuby.sk - Galérie užívateľa - Peter Blatnický - 2006
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Bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae3
- Effects of combining the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on the mortality of the tick Amblyomma variegatum (ixodidae) in relation to seasonal changes. (ac.ke)
- A previous study demonstrated high pathogenicity of strains of the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against the ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Amblyomma variegatum (Kaaya et al. (ac.ke)
- The growth promoting fungi Trichoderma harzianum, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae were used at a concentration of 1 x 107 conidia.mL-1, inoculated via soil and leaf. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
Entomopathogenic fungus5
- 2. Genome-wide identification of BCS1 domain-containing proteins reveals the mitochondrial bcs1 essential for growth, stress response, and virulence of the filamentous entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 3. Glc8, a regulator of protein phosphatase type 1, mediates oxidation tolerance, asexual development and virulence in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous entomopathogenic fungus. (nih.gov)
- 6. Functional analysis of the mitochondrial gene mitofilin in the filamentous entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 15. Mbp1, a component of the MluI cell cycle box-binding complex, contributes to morphological transition and virulence in the filamentous entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 19. BbSNF1 contributes to cell differentiation, extracellular acidification, and virulence in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous entomopathogenic fungus. (nih.gov)
Metarhizium2
- Among these fungi, the genus Trichoderma stands out, and the entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Beauveria and Metarhizium have been gaining greater importance. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
- The entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana were selected for their potential to control the subterranean termite Reticulitermes santonensis. (irg-wp.com)
Asexual development and virulence1
- 15. Gcn5-dependent histone H3 acetylation and gene activity is required for the asexual development and virulence of Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
Fungal5
- We discovered that a native lady beetle, Olla v-nigrum, was commonly infected by a fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana, whereas the recently-established and widespread multicolored Asian lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis, was not. (usda.gov)
- 5. The Beauveria bassiana Gas3 β-Glucanosyltransferase Contributes to Fungal Adaptation to Extreme Alkaline Conditions. (nih.gov)
- 8. The Tudor Domain-Containing Protein BbTdp1 Contributes to Fungal Cell Development, the Cell Cycle, Virulence, and Transcriptional Regulation in the Insect Pathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- The fungal isolates tested were Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, Metarhiziumanisopliae (2 isolates), M. robertsii, Purpureocillium lilacinum and Clonostachys solani. (iobc-wprs.org)
- This photomicrograph reveals histopathologic changes seen in a lung tissue specimen, harvested from a box turtle experimentally infected with Beauveria bassiana fungal organisms, a soil-borne fungus which causes white muscardine disease in insects. (cdc.gov)
Virulence9
- 1. Succinate Dehydrogenase Subunit C Contributes to Mycelial Growth and Development, Stress Response, and Virulence in the Insect Parasitic Fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 4. Mitochondrial fission is necessary for mitophagy, development and virulence of the insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 7. A homologue of yeast acyl-CoA synthetase Faa1 contributes to cytomembrane functionality involved in development and virulence in the insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 9. Autophagy-related gene ATG7 participates in the asexual development, stress response and virulence of filamentous insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 10. A peroxisomal sterol carrier protein 2 (Scp2) contributes to lipid trafficking in differentiation and virulence of the insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 11. Growth substrates and caleosin-mediated functions affect conidial virulence in the insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 12. A virulence-related lectin traffics into eisosome and contributes to functionality of cytomembrane and cell-wall in the insect-pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 16. Subcellular localization of Sur7 and its pleiotropic effect on cell wall integrity, multiple stress responses, and virulence of Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- 17. A p53-like transcription factor, BbTFO1, contributes to virulence and oxidative and thermal stress tolerances in the insect pathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
Fungus species1
- Voclosporin is a derivative of cyclosporin A, a cyclic polypeptide of 11 amino acids, initially isolated from a fungus species (Beauveria nivea). (nih.gov)
Paecilomyces1
- Use ones that are based on insect-killing fungus, Beauveria bassiana or Paecilomyces fumosoroseus , such as the brand names Naturalis-O, BotaniGard, or PFR-97. (sciencebuddies.org)
Species2
Abstract1
- abstract = "The fungus Beauveria caledonica was highly tolerant to toxic metals and solubilized cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc minerals, converting them into oxalates. (elsevier.com)
Arcuata1
- Estudaram-se os efeitos de diferentes combinações de temperatura (17,5 ± 1, 24 ± 1 e 30 + 1°C) unidade relativa (59 57 72 ± 4, 89 ± 3 e 99 1%) e concentrações de inóculo (O, 107 10, 109 conídios/ml) na conidiogênese e sobrevivência de Beauveria bassiana no interior de cadáveres de Cerotoma arcuata (Olivier, 1791). (embrapa.br)
Cordyceps1
- Se encuentran teleomorfos en la familia Clavicipitaceae e incluyen a Cordyceps bassiana. (bvsalud.org)
Insect2
- Mycotrol products have the highest spore concentration in a Beauveria bassiana -containing insecticide, giving you exceptional insect control that exceeds or equals any that you will see from a chemical insecticide. (arbico-organics.com)
- 14. Comparative roles of three adhesin genes (adh1-3) in insect-pathogenic lifecycle of Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
Effects1
- Effects of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bal. (usu.edu)
Bassiana7
- For more effective control of the vector, the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana, a fungus commonly used for biological control of pest insects, may be enhanced based on in-depth knowledge of molecular interactions between the pathogen and its host. (nih.gov)
- 17. JAK/STAT signaling pathway-mediated immune response in silkworm (Bombyx mori) challenged by Beauveria bassiana. (nih.gov)
- Beauveria bassiana var. (bvsalud.org)
- Se encuentran teleomorfos en la familia Clavicipitaceae e incluyen a Cordyceps bassiana. (bvsalud.org)
- La especie Beauveria bassiana es un microorganismo patógeno frecuente de los ARTRÓPODOS y se utiliza en el CONTROL DE PLAGAS. (bvsalud.org)
- The species Beauveria bassiana is a common pathogen of ARTHROPODS and is used in PEST CONTROL . (bvsalud.org)
- This photomicrograph reveals histopathologic changes seen in a lung tissue specimen, harvested from a box turtle experimentally infected with Beauveria bassiana fungal organisms, a soil-borne fungus which causes white muscardine disease in insects. (cdc.gov)