AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Base CompositionBase SequenceCytosineBase PairingGuanineDNA, BacterialBody CompositionNucleic Acid DenaturationIsochoresGC Rich SequenceDNACodonMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyCentrifugation, Density GradientNucleic Acid ConformationNucleotidesPhosphorus IsotopesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SNucleic Acid HybridizationSequence Analysis, DNAEvolution, MolecularAT Rich SequenceDNA, RibosomalFatty AcidsSpecies SpecificityAdenineAcetobacteraceaeRNA, BacterialRNANucleic Acid RenaturationBacteriaGenome SizeGenetic CodeEscherichia coliSkull BaseMicrococcusHot TemperatureChromosomes, ArchaealAmino AcidsTemperatureMolecular WeightCytophagaOligonucleotidesSchiff BasesModels, GeneticProteusMutationDNA, MitochondrialThymineCarex PlantGenomeNarcissusDensitometryRNA, TransferHypotrichidaRNA, RibosomalSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidGenetic VariationChromatography, Thin LayerWater MicrobiologyTritiumElectrophoresis, PaperGenes, rRNAAmino Acid SequenceUracilSelection, GeneticDeoxyribonucleotidesProkaryotic CellsDNA, ViralPlantsPolydeoxyribonucleotidesOligodeoxyribonucleotidesElectrophoresisKineticsCesiumBiological EvolutionResearchMethodsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelSequence AlignmentIntronsGenesMicroscopy, ElectronChromatographyPolynucleotidesPhospholipidsUridineCattleRepetitive Sequences, Nucleic AcidGuanosineChemistryChemical PhenomenaCulture MediaGenome, MitochondrialAlphaproteobacteriaCorynebacteriumUltracentrifugationRibonucleasesCentrifugation, Zonal
Base Composition
The relative amounts of the PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in a nucleic acid.
Base Sequence
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Cytosine
A pyrimidine base that is a fundamental unit of nucleic acids.
Base Pairing
Pairing of purine and pyrimidine bases by HYDROGEN BONDING in double-stranded DNA or RNA.
Guanine
DNA, Bacterial
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.
Body Composition
The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.
Nucleic Acid Denaturation
Disruption of the secondary structure of nucleic acids by heat, extreme pH or chemical treatment. Double strand DNA is "melted" by dissociation of the non-covalent hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Denatured DNA appears to be a single-stranded flexible structure. The effects of denaturation on RNA are similar though less pronounced and largely reversible.
Isochores
Large regions of the GENOME that contain local similarities in BASE COMPOSITION.
GC Rich Sequence
A nucleic acid sequence that contains an above average number of GUANINE and CYTOSINE bases.
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Codon
A set of three nucleotides in a protein coding sequence that specifies individual amino acids or a termination signal (CODON, TERMINATOR). Most codons are universal, but some organisms do not produce the transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER) complementary to all codons. These codons are referred to as unassigned codons (CODONS, NONSENSE).
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Phylogeny
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Centrifugation, Density Gradient
Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Nucleic Acid Conformation
The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.
Nucleotides
The monomeric units from which DNA or RNA polymers are constructed. They consist of a purine or pyrimidine base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Phosphorus Isotopes
Stable phosphorus atoms that have the same atomic number as the element phosphorus, but differ in atomic weight. P-31 is a stable phosphorus isotope.
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)
Sequence Analysis, DNA
A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.
Evolution, Molecular
The process of cumulative change at the level of DNA; RNA; and PROTEINS, over successive generations.
AT Rich Sequence
A nucleic acid sequence that contains an above average number of ADENINE and THYMINE bases.
DNA, Ribosomal
DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.
Fatty Acids
Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Adenine
A purine base and a fundamental unit of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES.
Acetobacteraceae
A family of gram-negative aerobic bacteria consisting of ellipsoidal to rod-shaped cells that occur singly, in pairs, or in chains.
RNA, Bacterial
Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
RNA
A polynucleotide consisting essentially of chains with a repeating backbone of phosphate and ribose units to which nitrogenous bases are attached. RNA is unique among biological macromolecules in that it can encode genetic information, serve as an abundant structural component of cells, and also possesses catalytic activity. (Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Nucleic Acid Renaturation
The reformation of all, or part of, the native conformation of a nucleic acid molecule after the molecule has undergone denaturation.
Bacteria
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Genome Size
The amount of DNA (or RNA) in one copy of a genome.
Genetic Code
The meaning ascribed to the BASE SEQUENCE with respect to how it is translated into AMINO ACID SEQUENCE. The start, stop, and order of amino acids of a protein is specified by consecutive triplets of nucleotides called codons (CODON).
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Skull Base
The inferior region of the skull consisting of an internal (cerebral), and an external (basilar) surface.
Micrococcus
A genus of gram-positive, spherical bacteria found in soils and fresh water, and frequently on the skin of man and other animals.
Hot Temperature
Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.
Chromosomes, Archaeal
Structures within the nucleus of archaeal cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.
Amino Acids
Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.
Temperature
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
Molecular Weight
The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.
Cytophaga
A genus of gram-negative gliding bacteria found in SOIL; HUMUS; and FRESHWATER and marine habitats.
Oligonucleotides
Polymers made up of a few (2-20) nucleotides. In molecular genetics, they refer to a short sequence synthesized to match a region where a mutation is known to occur, and then used as a probe (OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES). (Dorland, 28th ed)
Schiff Bases
Condensation products of aromatic amines and aldehydes forming azomethines substituted on the N atom, containing the general formula R-N:CHR. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Models, Genetic
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of genetic processes or phenomena. They include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Proteus
A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in the intestines of humans and a wide variety of animals, as well as in manure, soil, and polluted waters. Its species are pathogenic, causing urinary tract infections and are also considered secondary invaders, causing septic lesions at other sites of the body.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
DNA, Mitochondrial
Double-stranded DNA of MITOCHONDRIA. In eukaryotes, the mitochondrial GENOME is circular and codes for ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, and about 10 proteins.
Thymine
Carex Plant
A plant genus of the family CYPERACEAE. The seed contains oligostilbenes (STILBENES).
Genome
The genetic complement of an organism, including all of its GENES, as represented in its DNA, or in some cases, its RNA.
Narcissus
A plant genus of the family LILIACEAE. Members contain ungiminorine and LECTINS.
Densitometry
The measurement of the density of a material by measuring the amount of light or radiation passing through (or absorbed by) the material.
RNA, Transfer
The small RNA molecules, 73-80 nucleotides long, that function during translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) to align AMINO ACIDS at the RIBOSOMES in a sequence determined by the mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). There are about 30 different transfer RNAs. Each recognizes a specific CODON set on the mRNA through its own ANTICODON and as aminoacyl tRNAs (RNA, TRANSFER, AMINO ACYL), each carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome to add to the elongating peptide chains.
Hypotrichida
An order of ciliate protozoa. Characteristics include a dorsoventrally flattened, highly mobile body with a unique cursorial type of locomotion.
RNA, Ribosomal
The most abundant form of RNA. Together with proteins, it forms the ribosomes, playing a structural role and also a role in ribosomal binding of mRNA and tRNAs. Individual chains are conventionally designated by their sedimentation coefficients. In eukaryotes, four large chains exist, synthesized in the nucleolus and constituting about 50% of the ribosome. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.
Genetic Variation
Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population.
Chromatography, Thin Layer
Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Water Microbiology
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.
Tritium
Electrophoresis, Paper
Electrophoresis in which paper is used as the diffusion medium. This technique is confined almost entirely to separations of small molecules such as amino acids, peptides, and nucleotides, and relatively high voltages are nearly always used.
Genes, rRNA
Genes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which are transcribed to produce the RNA which is incorporated into RIBOSOMES. Prokaryotic rRNA genes are usually found in OPERONS dispersed throughout the GENOME, whereas eukaryotic rRNA genes are clustered, multicistronic transcriptional units.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Uracil
Selection, Genetic
Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population.
Deoxyribonucleotides
A purine or pyrimidine base bonded to a DEOXYRIBOSE containing a bond to a phosphate group.
Prokaryotic Cells
Cells lacking a nuclear membrane so that the nuclear material is either scattered in the cytoplasm or collected in a nucleoid region.
DNA, Viral
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
Plants
Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.
Polydeoxyribonucleotides
A group of 13 or more deoxyribonucleotides in which the phosphate residues of each deoxyribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the deoxyribose moieties.
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
A group of deoxyribonucleotides (up to 12) in which the phosphate residues of each deoxyribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the deoxyribose moieties.
Electrophoresis
An electrochemical process in which macromolecules or colloidal particles with a net electric charge migrate in a solution under the influence of an electric current.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Cesium
A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.
Biological Evolution
The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.
Research
Critical and exhaustive investigation or experimentation, having for its aim the discovery of new facts and their correct interpretation, the revision of accepted conclusions, theories, or laws in the light of newly discovered facts, or the practical application of such new or revised conclusions, theories, or laws. (Webster, 3d ed)
Methods
A series of steps taken in order to conduct research.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
Introns
Sequences of DNA in the genes that are located between the EXONS. They are transcribed along with the exons but are removed from the primary gene transcript by RNA SPLICING to leave mature RNA. Some introns code for separate genes.
Genes
A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
Chromatography
Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.
Polynucleotides
Phospholipids
Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.
Uridine
Cattle
Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.
Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. Variations may be direct repeats, those occurring in the same direction, or inverted repeats, those opposite to each other in direction. TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES).
Guanosine
A purine nucleoside that has guanine linked by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is a component of ribonucleic acid and its nucleotides play important roles in metabolism. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Chemistry
A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.
Chemical Phenomena
The composition, conformation, and properties of atoms and molecules, and their reaction and interaction processes.
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Genome, Mitochondrial
The genetic complement of MITOCHONDRIA as represented in their DNA.
Alphaproteobacteria
A class in the phylum PROTEOBACTERIA comprised mostly of two major phenotypes: purple non-sulfur bacteria and aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacteria.
Corynebacterium
A genus of asporogenous bacteria that is widely distributed in nature. Its organisms appear as straight to slightly curved rods and are known to be human and animal parasites and pathogens.
Ultracentrifugation
Centrifugation with a centrifuge that develops centrifugal fields of more than 100,000 times gravity. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Ribonucleases
Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds within RNA. EC 3.1.-.
Centrifugation, Zonal
Centrifugation using a rotating chamber of large capacity in which to separate cell organelles by density-gradient centrifugation. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Bacteriophages
Viruses whose hosts are bacterial cells.
Soil Microbiology
The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.
Spectrophotometry
The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.
Ribonucleotides
Nucleotides in which the purine or pyrimidine base is combined with ribose. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Genome, Bacterial
The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.
Genetics, Microbial
A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the genetic mechanisms and processes of microorganisms.
Plasmids
Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Carbon Isotopes
Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon, but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope.
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Cellular processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of CARBOHYDRATES.
Mammals
Warm-blooded vertebrate animals belonging to the class Mammalia, including all that possess hair and suckle their young.
DNA Restriction Enzymes
Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.
Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria
A large group of anaerobic bacteria which show up as pink (negative) when treated by the Gram-staining method.
Sodium Chloride
A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.
Open Reading Frames
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
Seawater
The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.
Lipids
A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Gammaproteobacteria
A group of the proteobacteria comprised of facultatively anaerobic and fermentative gram-negative bacteria.
Thermodynamics
A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
Templates, Genetic
Macromolecular molds for the synthesis of complementary macromolecules, as in DNA REPLICATION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of DNA to RNA, and GENETIC TRANSLATION of RNA into POLYPEPTIDES.
Terminology as Topic
The terms, expressions, designations, or symbols used in a particular science, discipline, or specialized subject area.
Pigments, Biological
Any normal or abnormal coloring matter in PLANTS; ANIMALS or micro-organisms.
Phosphorus Radioisotopes
Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
DNA, Fungal
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of fungi.
RNA, Viral
Ribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of viruses.
Cloning, Molecular
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
Binding Sites
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
DNA, Intergenic
Any of the DNA in between gene-coding DNA, including untranslated regions, 5' and 3' flanking regions, INTRONS, non-functional pseudogenes, and non-functional repetitive sequences. This DNA may or may not encode regulatory functions.
Bacillus
A genus of BACILLACEAE that are spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Most species are saprophytic soil forms with only a few species being pathogenic.
Phenotype
The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.
Clostridium
A genus of motile or nonmotile gram-positive bacteria of the family Clostridiaceae. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. They occur in water, soil, and in the intestinal tract of humans and lower animals.
Cell Wall
The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.
Actinomycetales
An order of gram-positive, primarily aerobic BACTERIA that tend to form branching filaments.
Skull Base Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the base of the skull specifically, differentiated from neoplasms of unspecified sites or bones of the skull (SKULL NEOPLASMS).
Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Hybridization, Genetic
The genetic process of crossbreeding between genetically dissimilar parents to produce a hybrid.
Structure-Activity Relationship
The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.
Polymerase Chain Reaction
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Sewage
Refuse liquid or waste matter carried off by sewers.
Pseudomonas
A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. Some species are pathogenic for humans, animals, and plants.
Circular Dichroism
A change from planar to elliptic polarization when an initially plane-polarized light wave traverses an optically active medium. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Genome, Human
The complete genetic complement contained in the DNA of a set of CHROMOSOMES in a HUMAN. The length of the human genome is about 3 billion base pairs.
Base Pair Mismatch
The presence of an uncomplimentary base in double-stranded DNA caused by spontaneous deamination of cytosine or adenine, mismatching during homologous recombination, or errors in DNA replication. Multiple, sequential base pair mismatches lead to formation of heteroduplex DNA; (NUCLEIC ACID HETERODUPLEXES).
DNA, Single-Stranded
A single chain of deoxyribonucleotides that occurs in some bacteria and viruses. It usually exists as a covalently closed circle.
DNA Replication
The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.
Bacterial Proteins
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
Fermentation
Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.
Transcription, Genetic
The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.
Adipose Tissue
Specialized connective tissue composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It is the site of stored FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. In mammals, there are two types of adipose tissue, the WHITE FAT and the BROWN FAT. Their relative distributions vary in different species with most adipose tissue being white.
Membrane Lipids
Lipids, predominantly phospholipids, cholesterol and small amounts of glycolipids found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. These lipids may be arranged in bilayers in the membranes with integral proteins between the layers and peripheral proteins attached to the outside. Membrane lipids are required for active transport, several enzymatic activities and membrane formation.
Chromatography, Gas
Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.
Liver
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
Deoxyribonucleases
Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolases of ester bonds within DNA. EC 3.1.-.
Recombination, Genetic
Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.
Methylation
Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Drosophila melanogaster
A species of fruit fly much used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.
Algorithms
A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task.
Aerobiosis
Life or metabolic reactions occurring in an environment containing oxygen.
Genes, Bacterial
The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
A mass spectrometry technique used for analysis of nonvolatile compounds such as proteins and macromolecules. The technique involves preparing electrically charged droplets from analyte molecules dissolved in solvent. The electrically charged droplets enter a vacuum chamber where the solvent is evaporated. Evaporation of solvent reduces the droplet size, thereby increasing the coulombic repulsion within the droplet. As the charged droplets get smaller, the excess charge within them causes them to disintegrate and release analyte molecules. The volatilized analyte molecules are then analyzed by mass spectrometry.
Staphylococcus
A genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid bacteria. Its organisms occur singly, in pairs, and in tetrads and characteristically divide in more than one plane to form irregular clusters. Natural populations of Staphylococcus are found on the skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. Some species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.
Ribosomes
Multicomponent ribonucleoprotein structures found in the CYTOPLASM of all cells, and in MITOCHONDRIA, and PLASTIDS. They function in PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS via GENETIC TRANSLATION.
Coliphages
Viruses whose host is Escherichia coli.
Drosophila
A genus of small, two-winged flies containing approximately 900 described species. These organisms are the most extensively studied of all genera from the standpoint of genetics and cytology.
Chromosome Mapping
Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
DNA Primers
Short sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) of DNA that are complementary to sequences of messenger RNA and allow reverse transcriptases to start copying the adjacent sequences of mRNA. Primers are used extensively in genetic and molecular biology techniques.
CpG Islands
Areas of increased density of the dinucleotide sequence cytosine--phosphate diester--guanine. They form stretches of DNA several hundred to several thousand base pairs long. In humans there are about 45,000 CpG islands, mostly found at the 5' ends of genes. They are unmethylated except for those on the inactive X chromosome and some associated with imprinted genes.
Protein Biosynthesis
The biosynthesis of PEPTIDES and PROTEINS on RIBOSOMES, directed by MESSENGER RNA, via TRANSFER RNA that is charged with standard proteinogenic AMINO ACIDS.
Likelihood Functions
Functions constructed from a statistical model and a set of observed data which give the probability of that data for various values of the unknown model parameters. Those parameter values that maximize the probability are the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters.
Software
Sequential operating programs and data which instruct the functioning of a digital computer.
Anaerobiosis
The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
Carbohydrates
The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n.
Cell Nucleus
Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
Chromosomes
In a prokaryotic cell or in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, a structure consisting of or containing DNA which carries the genetic information essential to the cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)
Denture Bases
The part of a denture that overlies the soft tissue and supports the supplied teeth and is supported in turn by abutment teeth or the residual alveolar ridge. It is usually made of resins or metal or their combination.
Diet
Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.
Chromosomes, Bacterial
Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.
DNA, Recombinant
Biologically active DNA which has been formed by the in vitro joining of segments of DNA from different sources. It includes the recombination joint or edge of a heteroduplex region where two recombining DNA molecules are connected.
Cell Line
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
Ecosystem
A functional system which includes the organisms of a natural community together with their environment. (McGraw Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Biodiversity
The variety of all native living organisms and their various forms and interrelationships.
Body Water
Fluids composed mainly of water found within the body.
Cholesterol
The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
FATTY ACIDS in which the carbon chain contains one or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds.
Bacillus subtilis
A species of gram-positive bacteria that is a common soil and water saprophyte.
Dietary Fats
Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados.
Oils, Volatile
Oils which evaporate readily. The volatile oils occur in aromatic plants, to which they give odor and other characteristics. Most volatile oils consist of a mixture of two or more TERPENES or of a mixture of an eleoptene (the more volatile constituent of a volatile oil) with a stearopten (the more solid constituent). The synonym essential oils refers to the essence of a plant, as its perfume or scent, and not to its indispensability.
Lipid Metabolism
Physiological processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of LIPIDS.
Plant Oils
Oils derived from plants or plant products.
Computer Simulation
Computer-based representation of physical systems and phenomena such as chemical processes.
Metagenome
A collective genome representative of the many organisms, primarily microorganisms, existing in a community.
Viral Proteins
Proteins found in any species of virus.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Phosphatidylcholines
Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a choline moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline and 2 moles of fatty acids.
Genome, Viral
The complete genetic complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus.
Polymorphism, Genetic
The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.

Diversity of rhizobia associated with Amorpha fruticosa isolated from Chinese soils and description of Mesorhizobium amorphae sp. nov. (1/7084)

Fifty-five Chinese isolates from nodules of Amorpha fruticosa were characterized and compared with the type strains of the species and genera of bacteria which form nitrogen-fixing symbioses with leguminous host plants. A polyphasic approach, which included RFLP of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), DNA-DNA hybridization, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, electrophoretic plasmid profiles, cross-nodulation and a phenotypic study, was used in the comparative analysis. The isolates originated from several different sites in China and they varied in their phenotypic and genetic characteristics. The majority of the isolates had moderate to slow growth rates, produced acid on YMA and harboured a 930 kb symbiotic plasmid (pSym). Five different RFLP patterns were identified among the 16S rRNA genes of all the isolates. Isolates grouped by PCR-RFLP of the 16S rRNA genes were also separated into groups by variation in MLEE profiles and by DNA-DNA hybridization. A representative isolate from each of these DNA homology groups had a separate position in a phylogenetic tree as determined from sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA genes. A new species, Mesorhizobium amorphae, is proposed for the majority of the isolates, which belonged to a moderately slow- to slow-growing, acid-producing group based upon their distinct phylogenetic position, their unique electrophoretic type, their low DNA homology with reference strains representing the species within the genus Mesorhizobium and their distinct phenotypic features. Strain ACCC 19665 was chosen as the type strain for M. amorphae sp. nov.  (+info)

Taxonomic relationships of the [Pasteurella] haemolytica complex as evaluated by DNA-DNA hybridizations and 16S rRNA sequencing with proposal of Mannheimia haemolytica gen. nov., comb. nov., Mannheimia granulomatis comb. nov., Mannheimia glucosida sp. nov., Mannheimia ruminalis sp. nov. and Mannheimia varigena sp. nov. (2/7084)

The present paper presents the conclusions of a polyphasic investigation of the taxonomy of the trehalose-negative [Pasteurella] haemolytica complex. Clusters previously identified by ribotyping and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) have been evaluated by 16S rRNA sequencing and DNA-DNA hybridizations. Results obtained by the different techniques were highly related and indicated that the [P.] haemolytica complex contains distinct genetic and phenotypic groups. At least seven species were outlined, five of which were named. We refrained in formal naming of more groups until additional strains are characterized. Five 16S rRNA clusters were identified corresponding to distinct lineages previously outlined by MEE. Within 16S rRNA cluster I two distinct genotypic groups have been outlined in addition to [P.] haemolytica sensu stricto (biogroup 1). Each of the clusters II, III, IV and V represent at least one new species. The investigations underline that [P.] haemolytica sensu stricto only contains strains that do not ferment L-arabinose even though they are referred to as 'biotype A' of [P.] haemolytica. The five 16S rRNA clusters identified had a common root relative to the other species within the family Pasteurellaceae, and the overall sequence similarity among these five clusters was higher than what is observed within the existing genera of the family. The allocation of the trehalose-negative [P.] haemolytica complex to a new genus seems to be indicated. Based on the polyphasic investigation performed a new genus Mannheimia is proposed for the trehalose-negative [P.] haemolytica complex. At the present stage two previously named species are transferred to this new genus and three new species are described. [P.] haemolytica is reclassified as Mannheimia haemolytica comb. nov., whereas Pasteurella granulomatis, Bisgaard taxon 20 and [P.] haemolytica biovar 3J are reclassified and combined in the species Mannheimia granulomatis comb. nov. Mannheimia glucosida sp. nov. corresponds to [P.] haemolytica biogroups 3A-3H and the beta-glucosidase and meso-inositol-positive strains of [P.] haemolytica biogroup 9. All typable strains within M. glucosida belong to serotype 11. Mannheimia ruminalis sp. nov. consists of strains previously classified as Bisgaard taxon 18 and [P.] haemolytica biogroup 8D. Finally, Mannheimia varigena sp. nov. includes [P.] haemolytica biogroup 6 as well as Bisgaard taxon 15 and Bisgaard taxon 36. The type strains are NCTC 9380T (M. haemolytica), ATCC 49244T (M. granulomatis), CCUG 38457T = P925T (M. glucosida), CCUG 38470T = HPA92T (M. ruminalis) and CCUG 38462T = 177T (M. varigena).  (+info)

Proposal to transfer Halococcus turkmenicus, Halobacterium trapanicum JCM 9743 and strain GSL-11 to Haloterrigena turkmenica gen. nov., comb. nov. (3/7084)

The 16S rRNA gene sequences of Halococcus saccharolyticus and Halococcus salifodinae were closely related (94.5-94.7% similarity) to that of Halococcus morrhuae, the type species of the genus Halococcus. However, Halococcus turkmenicus was distinct from the other members of this genus, with low 16S rRNA similarities when compared to Halococcus morrhuae (88.7%). On the basis of phylogenetic tree reconstruction, detection of signature bases and DNA-DNA hybridization data, it is proposed to transfer Halococcus turkmenicus to a novel genus, Haloterrigena, as Haloterrigena turkmenica gen. nov., comb. nov., and to accommodate Halobacterium trapanicum JCM 9743 and strain GSL-11 in the same species. On the basis of morphological, cultural and 16S rRNA sequence data, it is also proposed that the culture collection strains of Halobacterium trapanicum NCIMB 767, ATCC 43102 and JCM 8979 should be renamed as Halococcus sp.  (+info)

Actinobacillus succinogenes sp. nov., a novel succinic-acid-producing strain from the bovine rumen. (4/7084)

Strain 130ZT was isolated from the bovine rumen. It is a facultatively anaerobic, pleomorphic, Gram-negative rod. It exhibits a 'Morse code' form of morphology, which is characteristic of the genus Actinobacillus. Strain 130ZT is a capnophilic, osmotolerant succinogen that utilizes a broad range of sugars. It accumulates high concentrations of succinic acid (> 70 g l-1). Strain 130ZT is positive for catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase and beta-galactosidase, but does not produce indole or urease. Acid but no gas is produced from D-glucose and D-fructose. 16S rRNA sequence analysis places strain 130ZT within the family Pasteurellaceae; the most closely related members of the family Pasteurellaceae have 16S rRNA similarities of 95.5% or less with strain 130ZT. Strain 130ZT was compared with Actinobacillus lignieresii and the related Bisgaard Taxa 6 and 10. Based upon morphological and biochemical properties, strain 130ZT is most similar to members of the genus Actinobacillus within the family Pasteurellaceae. It is proposed that strain 130ZT be classified as a new species, Actinobacillus succinogenes. The type strain of Actinobacillus succinogenes sp. nov. is ATCC 55618T.  (+info)

Anaerobic oxidation of o-xylene, m-xylene, and homologous alkylbenzenes by new types of sulfate-reducing bacteria. (5/7084)

Various alkylbenzenes were depleted during growth of an anaerobic, sulfate-reducing enrichment culture with crude oil as the only source of organic substrates. From this culture, two new types of mesophilic, rod-shaped sulfate-reducing bacteria, strains oXyS1 and mXyS1, were isolated with o-xylene and m-xylene, respectively, as organic substrates. Sequence analyses of 16S rRNA genes revealed that the isolates affiliated with known completely oxidizing sulfate-reducing bacteria of the delta subclass of the class Proteobacteria. Strain oXyS1 showed the highest similarities to Desulfobacterium cetonicum and Desulfosarcina variabilis (similarity values, 98.4 and 98.7%, respectively). Strain mXyS1 was less closely related to known species, the closest relative being Desulfococcus multivorans (similarity value, 86.9%). Complete mineralization of o-xylene and m-xylene was demonstrated in quantitative growth experiments. Strain oXyS1 was able to utilize toluene, o-ethyltoluene, benzoate, and o-methylbenzoate in addition to o-xylene. Strain mXyS1 oxidized toluene, m-ethyltoluene, m-isoproyltoluene, benzoate, and m-methylbenzoate in addition to m-xylene. Strain oXyS1 did not utilize m-alkyltoluenes, whereas strain mXyS1 did not utilize o-alkyltoluenes. Like the enrichment culture, both isolates grew anaerobically on crude oil with concomitant reduction of sulfate to sulfide.  (+info)

Comparison of flagellin genes from clinical and environmental Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. (6/7084)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important opportunistic pathogen, was isolated from environmental samples and compared to clinically derived strains. While P. aeruginosa was isolated readily from an experimental mushroom-growing unit, it was found only rarely in other environmental samples. A flagellin gene PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the isolates revealed that environmental and clinical P. aeruginosa strains are not readily distinguishable. The variation in the central regions of the flagellin genes of seven of the isolates was investigated further. The strains used included two strains with type a genes (998 bp), four strains with type b genes (1,258 bp), and one strain, K979, with a novel flagellin gene (2,199 bp). The route by which flagellin gene variation has occurred in P. aeruginosa is discussed.  (+info)

A computer-driven approach to PCR-based differential screening, alternative to differential display. (7/7084)

MOTIVATION: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based RNA fingerprinting is a powerful tool for the isolation of differentially expressed genes in studies of neoplasia, differentiation or development. Arbitrarily primed RNA fingerprinting is capable of targeting coding regions of genes, as opposed to differential display techniques, which target 3' non-coding cDNA. In order to be of general use and to permit a systematic survey of differential gene expression, RNA fingerprinting has to be standardized and a number of highly efficient and selective arbitrary primers must be identified. RESULTS: We have applied a rational approach to generate a representative panel of high-efficiency oligonucleotides for RNA fingerprinting studies, which display marked affinity for coding portions of known genes and, as shown by preliminary results, of novel ones. The choice of oligonucleotides was driven by computer simulations of RNA fingerprinting reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR experiments, performed on two custom-generated, non-redundant nucleotide databases, each containing the complete collection of deposited human or murine cDNAs. The simulation approach and experimental protocol proposed here permit the efficient isolation of coding cDNA fragments from differentially expressed genes. AVAILABILITY: Freely available on request from the authors. CONTACT: [email protected]  (+info)

Hypermutation in Ig V genes from mice deficient in the MLH1 mismatch repair protein. (8/7084)

During somatic hypermutation of Ig V genes, mismatched nucleotide substitutions become candidates for removal by the DNA mismatch repair pathway. Previous studies have shown that V genes from mice deficient for the MSH2 and PMS2 mismatch repair proteins have frequencies of mutation that are comparable with those from wild-type (wt) mice; however, the pattern of mutation is altered. Because the absence of MSH2 and PMS2 produced different mutational spectra, we examined the role of another protein involved in mismatch repair, MLH1, on the frequency and pattern of hypermutation. MLH1-deficient mice were immunized with oxazolone Ag, and splenic B cells were analyzed for mutations in their V kappa Ox1 light chain genes. Although the frequency of mutation in MLH1-deficient mice was twofold lower than in wt mice, the pattern of mutation in Mlh1-/- clones was similar to wt clones. These findings suggest that the MLH1 protein has no direct effect on the mutational spectrum.  (+info)

Analysis of intra-genomic GC content homogeneity within prokaryotes
Background. Bacterial genomes possess varying GC content (total guanines (Gs) and cytosines (Cs) per total of the four bases within the genome) but within a given genome, GC content can vary locally along the chromosome, with some regions significantly more or less GC rich than on average. We have examined how the GC content varies within microbial genomes to assess whether this property can be associated with certain biological functions related to the organisms environment and phylogeny. We utilize a new quantity GCVAR, the intra-genomic GC content variability with respect to the average GC content of the total genome. A low GCVAR indicates intra-genomic GC homogeneity and high GCVAR heterogeneity.. Results. The regression analyses indicated that GCVAR was significantly associated with domain (i.e. archaea or bacteria), phylum, and oxygen requirement. GCVAR was significantly higher among anaerobes than both aerobic and facultative microbes. Although an association has previously been found ...
https://www.duo.uio.no/handle/10852/46562
Visualizing Conformational and Compositional Heterogeneity by Single-Particle EM - SEMCVisualizing Conformational and Compositional Heterogeneity by Single-Particle EM - SEMC
Iowa State University. Macromolecular interactions that dictate biological processes are often highly dynamic and transient, leading to conformational and compositional heterogeneity of functionally relevant complexes. Single-particle electron microscopy (EM) facilitates the structural determination of distinct species present within complex mixtures, enabling the identification of multiple biologically important conformations from a single sample. In collaboration with NRAMM, we have used automated negative-stain EM data collection and single-particle analysis to characterize the structures of particle sub-populations from highly heterogeneous samples. Automation was key to our previous studies, in which we determined the composition and conformation of in vivo ribosome assembly intermediates from Escherichia coli. Similarly, automation has been crucial for our current work, which focuses on determining the structure and oligomeric state of heterogeneous Tec kinase complexes. Tec kinases play ...
https://semc.nysbc.org/visualizing-conformational-and-compositional-heterogeneity-by-single-particle-em/
Comprehensive analysis of the base composition around the transcription start site in Metazoa | BMC Genomics | Full TextComprehensive analysis of the base composition around the transcription start site in Metazoa | BMC Genomics | Full Text
The transcription start site of a metazoan gene remains poorly understood, mostly because there is no clear signal present in all genes. Now that several sequenced metazoan genomes have been annotated, we have been able to compare the base composition around the transcription start site for all annotated genes across multiple genomes. The most prominent feature in the base compositions is a significant local variation in G+C content over a large region around the transcription start site. The change is present in all animal phyla but the extent of variation is different between distinct classes of vertebrates, and the shape of the variation is completely different between vertebrates and arthropods. Furthermore, the height of the variation correlates with CpG frequencies in vertebrates but not in invertebrates and it also correlates with gene expression, especially in mammals. We also detect GC and AT skews in all clades (where %G is not equal to %C or %A is not equal to %T respectively) but these occur
https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-5-34
Complex Genes - We Make It WorkComplex Genes - We Make It Work
Your gene comprises long repeats, secondary structures or a really high or low GC content? With our specified protocol for complex genes we are able to synthesise also the intricates.
https://eurofinsgenomics.eu/en/gene-synthesis-molecular-biology/gene-synthesis/complex-genes.aspx
Flour Milling Analysis Brochure | PerkinElmerFlour Milling Analysis Brochure | PerkinElmer
Test functional and compositional properties of wheat so you know what to buy, how best to mill it and how the flour will perform at that bakery.. ...
https://www.perkinelmer.com/libraries/BRO_FlourMilling_20180326
Mesohalobacter halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern | Microbiology SocietyMesohalobacter halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern | Microbiology Society
A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, fine rod or short filament shaped, jacinth pigmented bacterium, designated strain WDS2C27T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern in Wendeng, Weihai, PR China (37°31′5″ N, 122°1′47″ E). Growth of WDS2C27T occurred at 20-42 °C (optimum 37 °C) and pH 6.5-8.5 (optimal pH 7.0-8.0). Optimal growth occurred in modified marine broth containing 6 % (w/v) NaCl. The major polar lipids in WDS2C27T were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and one unidentified lipid. The major respiratory quinone of WDS2C27T was MK-6. The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 35.0 mol%. The nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that the most closely related strain was Psychroflexus planctonicus X15M-8T (92.0 % over 1452 bp). WDS2C27T showed 60.7 % average amino acid identity, 55.6 % percentage of conserved proteins, 75.0 % average nucleotide identity and 13.1 % digital DNA-DNA hybridization identity with
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.004143
Codon usage pattern and relative synonymous codon usage | Open-iCodon usage pattern and relative synonymous codon usage | Open-i
Codon usage pattern and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) of mtDNA of Meloidogyne graminicola.Numbers on the Y-axis refer to the total number of codons (A)
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC4043755_pone.0098558.g003&req=4
Codon usage patterns of LT-Ag genes in polyomaviruses from different host species | Virology Journal | Full TextCodon usage patterns of LT-Ag genes in polyomaviruses from different host species | Virology Journal | Full Text
Polyomaviruses (PyVs) have a wide range of hosts, from humans to fish, and their effects on hosts vary. The differences in the infection characteristics of PyV with respect to the host are assumed to be influenced by the biochemical function of the LT-Ag protein, which is related to the cytopathic effect and tumorigenesis mechanism via interaction with the host protein. We carried out a comparative analysis of codon usage patterns of large T-antigens (LT-Ags) of PyVs isolated from various host species and their functional domains and sequence motifs. Parity rule 2 (PR2) and neutrality analysis were applied to evaluate the effects of mutation and selection pressure on codon usage bias. To investigate evolutionary relationships among PyVs, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis, and a correspondence analysis of relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) values was performed. Nucleotide composition analysis using LT-Ag gene sequences showed that the GC and GC3 values of avian PyVs were higher than those of
https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12985-019-1245-2/tables/1
Asymmetric directional mutation pressures in bacteria | Genome Biology | Full TextAsymmetric directional mutation pressures in bacteria | Genome Biology | Full Text
When there are no strand-specific biases in mutation and selection rates (that is, in the substitution rates) between the two strands of DNA, the average nucleotide composition is theoretically expected to be A = T and G = C within each strand. Deviations from these equalities are therefore evidence for an asymmetry in selection and/or mutation between the two strands. By focusing on weakly selected regions that could be oriented with respect to replication in 43 out of 51 completely sequenced bacterial chromosomes, we have been able to detect asymmetric directional mutation pressures. Most of the 43 chromosomes were found to be relatively enriched in G over C and T over A, and slightly depleted in G+C, in their weakly selected positions (intergenic regions and third codon positions) in the leading strand compared with the lagging strand. Deviations from A = T and G = C were highly correlated between third codon positions and intergenic regions, with a lower degree of deviation in intergenic regions,
https://0-genomebiology-biomedcentral-com.brum.beds.ac.uk/articles/10.1186/gb-2002-3-10-research0058
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00100039/00001http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00100039/00001
BACKGROUND:The need to perform microarray experiments with small amounts of tissue has led to the development of several protocols for amplifying the target transcripts. The use of different amplification protocols could affect the comparability of microarray experiments.RESULTS:Here we compare expression data from Pinus taeda cDNA microarrays using transcripts amplified either exponentially by PCR or linearly by T7 transcription. The amplified transcripts vary significantly in estimated length, GC content and expression depending on amplification technique. Amplification by T7 RNA polymerase gives transcripts with a greater range of lengths, greater estimated mean length, and greater variation of expression levels, but lower average GC content, than those from PCR amplification. For genes with significantly higher expression after T7 transcription than after PCR, the transcripts were 27% longer and had about 2 percentage units lower GC content. The correlation of expression intensities between ...
http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00100039/00001
Protein elemental sparing and codon usage bias are correlated among bacteria<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Protein elemental sparing and codon usage bias are correlated among bacteria. AU - Bragg, Jason G.. AU - Quigg, Antonietta. AU - Raven, John A.. AU - Wagner, Andreas. PY - 2012/5. Y1 - 2012/5. N2 - Highly expressed proteins can exhibit relatively small material costs, in terms of the quantities of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) or sulphur (S) atoms they contain. This elemental sparing probably reflects selection to reduce the quantities of potentially growth-limiting elements in abundant proteins, but the evolutionary mechanisms for adaptive elemental sparing are still poorly understood. Here, we predict that the extent of elemental sparing in highly expressed proteins will vary among organisms, according to the effectiveness of selection in determining the fate of mutations. We test this hypothesis in bacteria by asking whether elemental sparing is correlated with codon usage bias. Bacteria exhibit extraordinary variation in their life histories and demography and consequently in the ...
https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/protein-elemental-sparing-and-codon-usage-bias-are-correlated-amo
Tendon to Bone Healing: Differences in Biomechanical, Structural, and Compositional Properties Due to a Range of Activity...Tendon to Bone Healing: Differences in Biomechanical, Structural, and Compositional Properties Due to a Range of Activity...
Results for QLV parameters A, B, and τ2, and typical stress relaxation curve fits for IM and EX. A was significantly decreased in injured groups relative to CTL. A was significantly increased in the IM group compared to the EX and CA groups. B was significantly decreased in injured groups relative to CTL. B was significantly increased in the IM group compared to the EX and CA groups. τ2 was significantly decreased in the CA and EX groups relative to CTL. τ2 was significantly increased in the IM group compared to the EX groups. The IM group had a higher peak stress, and maintained this stress for a longer period of time, than the EX group. (Mean +/− standard deviation, *: significant difference relative to CTL [p,0.05], # significant difference due to activity level [p,0.05 ...
http://biomechanical.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1409521
Pre GI: BLASTN Hits
General Information: Environment: Soil; Isolation: Coal-cleaning residues; Temp: Mesophile; Temp: 30C. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. Known opportunistic toxin-producing pathogens in animals and humans. Some species are capable of producing organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, etc,), molecular hydrogen and ...
http://pregi.bi.up.ac.za/pre_gi_blast.php?blast_source_accession=NC_021182&blast_gi_query=NC_021182:3576815
Pre GI: BLASTP Hits
General Information: Environment: Soil; Isolation: Coal-cleaning residues; Temp: Mesophile; Temp: 30C. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. Known opportunistic toxin-producing pathogens in animals and humans. Some species are capable of producing organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, etc,), molecular hydrogen and ...
http://pregi.bi.up.ac.za/pre_gi_blast.php?blast_source_accession=NC_021182&blast_cds_query=NC_021182:1009526:1023371
Polymers: A Properties Database
Because of polymer complexity, property variability must be taken into consideration. In this section, we will discuss possible sources of polymer inconsistency and offer suggestions to recognize and reduce these errors. Chemical or compositional heterogeneity refers to the chemical or structural difference among chains of the same polymer. Thus a measured property of a chemically heterogeneous sample will be an averaged value dependent upon sample source. For chemically homogeneous samples, property variability will not be a concern. In a similar fashion, polymers that are polydisperse in molecular weight have averaged property values, while monodisperse samples will give accurate data. Obviously, samples that are both chemically homogeneous and monodisperse will give the most accurate and precise values. As compared to synthetic polymers, almost all nucleic acids and mammalian proteins are compositionally (chemically) homogeneous and monodisperse, if not there would be no life; biopolymers ...
http://poly.chemnetbase.com/intro/index.jsp
Neil St. John Forbes | Chemical Engineering | UMass AmherstNeil St. John Forbes | Chemical Engineering | UMass Amherst
Application of chemical engineering principles to the study of tumor formation and treatment is fertile new ground for research and is necessary for the advancement of cancer therapy. Over the last century, researchers have discovered many of the genetic causes of cancer and yet nearly 46,000 people will die this year from cancer in the United States alone. Standard cancer therapies often fail because of spatial heterogeneity of nutrients, wastes, and therapeutics. Transport barriers prevent therapeutic agents from reaching effective concentrations throughout tumors. Models based on mass balance, transport phenomena and reaction kinetics are powerful tools able clarify the connection between the genetic aberrations and the compositional heterogeneity of tumors. Therapeutic strategies designed using engineering principles will be able to overcome transport barriers and create more effective therapies.. Single treatments of radiation or chemotherapy often do not kill all cancer cells within a ...
http://che.umass.edu/faculty/neil-forbes
GC Percent in 5-Base Windows (gc5BaseBw)GC Percent in 5-Base Windows (gc5BaseBw)
The GC percent track shows the percentage of G (guanine) and C (cytosine) bases in 5-base windows. High GC content is typically associated with gene-rich areas. This track may be configured in a variety of ways to highlight different apsects of the displayed information. Click the Graph configuration help link for an explanation of the configuration options ...
https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgc?hgsid=793698471_Px7KUvCHVY6BLzNN81wALWvPcyuc&c=chr13&l=55648490&r=56018887&o=55648490&t=56018887&g=gc5BaseBw&i=gc5BaseBw
GC Percent Track SettingsGC Percent Track Settings
The GC percent track shows the percentage of G (guanine) and C (cytosine) bases in 5-base windows. High GC content is typically associated with gene-rich areas. This track may be configured in a variety of ways to highlight different apsects of the displayed information. Click the Graph configuration help link for an explanation of the configuration options ...
http://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTrackUi?hgsid=792851077_bgUIC6f40aaj0eliuAoBkvOXaUbs&c=chr2&g=gc5BaseBw
GC Percent Track SettingsGC Percent Track Settings
The GC percent track shows the percentage of G (guanine) and C (cytosine) bases in 5-base windows. High GC content is typically associated with gene-rich areas. This track may be configured in a variety of ways to highlight different apsects of the displayed information. Click the Graph configuration help link for an explanation of the configuration options ...
https://www.genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTrackUi?hgsid=903942679_aaFFIWaJ7hTiWFiTSCQJaxfVeaYJ&c=chr12&g=gc5BaseBw
Blogmarks : Public marks with tag javaBlogmarks : Public marks with tag java
Empirical studies have shown that human beings cannot normally perceive changes in numeric data (e.g. price movements) occurring more frequently than once every 200ms.. Consequently for applications that have a human as their primary user, a useful rule of thumb is that Stop-The-World (STW) pause of 200ms or under is usually of no concern. Some applications (e.g. streaming video) need lower GC jitter than this, but many GUI applications will not. ...
http://blogmarks.net/marks/tag/java?offset=25
Structure of DNAStructure of DNA
DNA - A double helix DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.It is a nucleic which is used for storing information for long term in all living beings and some viruses. Base composition in DNA varies from one species to other but in all the cases the amount of adenine is equal to thymine and the amount
http://www.icbse.com/topics/dna-structure
diArk | species listdiArk | species list
The species page of Empusa sp. IRT-2002. Also know as (German: große Mantiden). Information about genome files, completeness, GC-content, size, N50-values, and sequencing methods are listed.
http://www.diark.org/diark/species_list/Empusa_sp__IRT_2002
diArk | species listdiArk | species list
The species page of Magnaporthe sp. MG12. . Information about genome files, completeness, GC-content, size, N50-values, and sequencing methods are listed.
http://www.diark.org/diark/species_list/Magnaporthe_sp__MG12
XWomen CONTENT
德者，內也；得者，外也。「上德不德」，言其神不淫於外也。 神不淫於外則身全，身全之謂德。德者，得身也。凡德者，以無為集，以無欲成； 以不思安，以不用固。為之欲之，則德無舍；德無舍則不全。用之思之則不固，不固則無功， 無功則生於德。德則無德，不德則（在）有德。故曰：「上德不德，是以有德。」 所以貴無為無思為虛者，謂其意無所制也。夫無術者，故以無為無思為虛也。 夫故以無為無思為虛者，其意常不忘虛，是制於為虛也。虛者，謂其意（所無）〔無所〕制也。 今制於為虛，是不虛也。虛者之無為也，不以無為為有常。不以無為為有常，則虛；虛，則德盛； 德盛之謂上德。故曰：「上德無為而無不為也。」 仁者，謂其中心欣然愛人也；其喜人之有福，而惡人之有禍也；生心之所不能已也， ...
http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/saxon/servlet/SaxonServlet?source=xwomen/texts/hanfei.xml&style=xwomen/xsl/dynaxml.xsl&chunk.id=d2.20&toc.depth=1&toc.id=d2.20&doc.lang=bilingual
Marinibacillus campisalis sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea, with emended...Marinibacillus campisalis sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea, with emended...
A Gram-positive, motile, round to ellipsoidal, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterial strain, SF-57T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea. This organism grew between 4 and 39 °C, with optimum growth at 30 °C. Strain SF-57T grew in the presence of 0·5-15·0 % NaCl, with optimum growth at 2-3 % NaCl. The peptidoglycan type of strain SF-57T was A1α linked directly through l-Lys. In strain SF-57T, menaquinone-7 (MK-7) was the predominant isoprenoid quinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 was the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C content was 41·8 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SF-57T formed a coherent cluster with Marinibacillus marinus, with a bootstrap resampling value of 100 %. The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain SF-57T and M. marinus DSM 1297T was 98·9 %. The mean DNA-DNA relatedness level between strain SF-57T and the type strain of M. marinus was 20·6 %. Based on phenotypic properties, phylogenetic analyses and genomic
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.02779-0
Microbiology Society Journals | Bacillus endolithicus sp. nov., isolated from pebblesMicrobiology Society Journals | Bacillus endolithicus sp. nov., isolated from pebbles
Strain JC267T was isolated from pebbles collected from Pingleshwar beach, Gujarat, India. Cells are Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile rods forming sub-terminal endospores in swollen ellipsoidal to oval sporangia. Strain JC267T contains anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C14 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as major (|5 %) cellular fatty acids. Polar lipids include phosphatidylglycerol, phospholipids (PL1-3), glycolipids (GL1-2) and an unidentified lipid. Cell-wall amino acids are composed of diagnostic meso-diaminopimelic acid, dl-alanine and a small amount of d-glutamic acid. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC267T is 45.5 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain JC267T showed highest sequence similarities of | 98.41 % with all species of the genus Bacillus when subjected to EzTaxon-e blast analysis. The reassociation values based on DNA-DNA hybridization of strain JC267T with Bacillus halosaccharovorans IBRC-M 10095T and Bacillus niabensis JCM 16399T were 26
http://ijs.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000612
The influence of CpG and UpA dinucleotide frequencies on RNA virus replication and characterization of the innate cellular...
Most RNA viruses infecting mammals and other vertebrates show profound suppression of CpG and UpA dinucleotide frequencies. To investigate this functionally, mutants of the picornavirus, echovirus 7 (E7), were constructed with altered CpG and UpA compositions in two 1.1-1.3 Kbase regions. Those with increased frequencies of CpG and UpA showed impaired replication kinetics and higher RNA/infectivity ratios compared with wild-type virus. Remarkably, mutants with CpGs and UpAs removed showed enhanced replication, larger plaques and rapidly outcompeted wild-type virus on co-infections. Luciferase-expressing E7 sub-genomic replicons with CpGs and UpAs removed from the reporter gene showed 100-fold greater luminescence. E7 and mutants were equivalently sensitive to exogenously added interferon-β, showed no evidence for differential recognition by ADAR1 or pattern recognition receptors RIG-I, MDA5 or PKR. However, kinase inhibitors roscovitine and C16 partially or entirely reversed the attenuated phenotype of
https://www.expmedndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/626437
Significant differences between the G+C content of synonymous codons in orthologous genes and the genomic G+C content -...Significant differences between the G+C content of synonymous codons in orthologous genes and the genomic G+C content -...
The relationship between the overall G+C content of the genome (GC) and the GC content at the third codon positions (GC3) of genes, which we refer to as a GC3-plot, was examined using 15 currently available complete genome sequences. A remarkably linear relationship was found between these two quantities, confirming previous observations of a strong positive correlation in the GC3-plot.. In order to conduct a more detailed analysis of the GC3-plot, we examined the GC3 content by separating orthologous codons into three categories: synonymously different codons (namely identical amino acids, IA), different amino acids (DA), and identical codons (IC), for a pairwise comparison of two closely related species. When we took pairwise species comparisons between Mycoplasma genitalium (Mg) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) and between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt) and Mycobacterium leprae (Ml) as examples, we found that for Mp and Ml, the GC3 for IA deviated the most from the linear expectation in the ...
https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/17312/
An AT mutational bias in the tiny GC-rich endosymbiont genome of Hodgkinia<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An AT mutational bias in the tiny GC-rich endosymbiont genome of Hodgkinia. AU - Van Leuven, James T.. AU - McCutcheon, John P.. PY - 2012/1/1. Y1 - 2012/1/1. N2 - The fractional guanine p cytosine (GC) contents of sequenced bacterial genomes range from 13% to 75%. Despite several decades of research aimed at understanding this wide variation, the forces controlling GC content are not well understood. Recent work has suggested that a universal adenine + thymine (AT) mutational bias exists in all bacteria and that the elevated GC contents found in some bacterial genomes is due to genome-wide selection for increased GC content. These results are generally consistent with the low GC contents observed in most strict endosymbiotic bacterial genomes, where the loss of DNA repair mechanisms combined with the population genetic effects of small effective population sizes and decreased recombination should lower the efficacy of selection and shift the equilibrium GC content in the ...
https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/an-at-mutational-bias-in-the-tiny-gc-rich-endosymbiont-genome-of-
Gen 5 Drivetrain - Doug Shelby EngineeringGen 5 Drivetrain - Doug Shelby Engineering
5th Gen 5th Gen Drivetrain 5th Gen Electrical 5th Gen Engine/Power 5th Gen Wheels/Hubs Apparel Best Sellers Carbon Fiber Competition Coupe Competition Coupe Aerodynamics Competition Coupe Frame/Body Competition Coupe Steering Competition Coupe Suspension Gen 1 Gen 1 Drivetrain Gen 1 Steering Gen 1 Suspension Gen 1 Wheels/Hubs Gen 2 Gen 2 Drivetrain Gen 2 Steering Gen 2 Suspension Gen 2 Wheels/Hubs Gen 3 Gen 3 Aerodynamics Gen 3 Brakes Gen 3 Drivetrain Gen 3 Electrical Gen 3 Engine/Power Gen 3 Frame/Body Gen 3 Interior Gen 3 Steering Gen 3 Suspension Gen 3 Vehicle Preservation Gen 3 Wheels/Hubs Gen 4 Gen 4 Aerodynamics Gen 4 Brakes Gen 4 Drivetrain Gen 4 Electrical Gen 4 Engine/Power Gen 4 Frame/Body Gen 4 Interior Gen 4 Steering Gen 4 Suspension Gen 4 Vehicle Preservation Gen 4 Wheels/Hubs Gen 5 Gen 5 Aerodynamics Gen 5 Brakes Gen 5 Drivetrain Gen 5 Electrical Gen 5 Engine/Power Gen 5 Frame/Body Gen 5 Interior Gen 5 Steering Gen 5 Suspension Gen 5 Vehicle Preservation Gen 5 Wheels/Hubs ...
https://www.dougshelbyengineering.com/collections/drivetrain
Preliminary aqnalysis of length and GC content variation in the ribosomal first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) of marine...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Preliminary aqnalysis of length and GC content variation in the ribosomal first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) of marine animals. AU - Chow, S.. AU - Ueno, Y.. AU - Toyokawa, M.. AU - Oohara, I.. AU - Takeyama, Haruko. PY - 2009/6. Y1 - 2009/6. N2 - Length and guanine-cytosine (GC) content of the ribosomal first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) were compared across a wide variety of marine animal species, and its phylogenetic utility was investigated. From a total of 773 individuals representing 599 species, we only failed to amplify the ITS1 sequence from 87 individuals by polymerase chain reaction with universal ITS1 primers. No species was found to have an ITS1 region shorter than 100 bp. In general, the ITS1 sequences of vertebrates were longer (318 to 2,318 bp) and richer in GC content (56.8% to 78%) than those of invertebrates (117 to 1,613 bp and 35.8% to 71.3%, respectively). Specifically, gelatinous animals (Cnidaria and Ctenophora) were observed to have short ITS1 ...
https://waseda.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/preliminary-aqnalysis-of-length-and-gc-content-variation-in-the-r
The Impact of Selection at the Amino Acid Level on the Usage of Synonymous Codons | G3: Genes | Genomes | GeneticsThe Impact of Selection at the Amino Acid Level on the Usage of Synonymous Codons | G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics
Redundancy of the genetic code implies that there are more codons than amino acids. Consequently, many amino acids are encoded by more than one codon, which are known as synonymous codons. As a result, some substitutions between these codons are silent and do not change the coded amino acid. For example, in the case of the codons known as fourfold degenerated (4FD), the third codon positions can be freely changed to any nucleotide, without consequences for the coded amino acid, and subsequently for protein composition and function. However, synonymous codons are not used uniformly in real protein coding sequences (e.g., Comeron 2004; Grantham et al. 1980; Ikemura 1985; Plotkin and Kudla 2011; Sharp and Li 1986). Such preference of one synonymous codon over others is commonly known as codon usage bias (Sharp and Li 1986). Usage can differ for various genomes and genes within one genome, and even within a single gene.. As far as the evolution of codon bias is concerned, two explanations, which are ...
http://www.g3journal.org/content/7/3/967
Mutazionismo - Wikipedia, entziklopedia askea.Mutazionismo - Wikipedia, entziklopedia askea.
Argos, P., Rossmann, M.G., Grau, U.M., Zuber, A., Frank, G. and Tratschin, J.D. (1979). «Thermal stability and protein structure». Biochemistry 18: pp. 5698-5703. • Dobzhansky, T. (1951). Genetics and the Origin of Species, 2ª ed.. Columbia University Press, New-York • Galtier, N. and Lobry, J.R. (1997). «Relationships between genomic G+C content, RNA secondary structure, and optimal growth temperature in prokaryotes». Journal of Molecular Evolution 44: pp. 632-636. • Gu, X., Hewett-Emmett, D. and Li, W-H. (1998). «Directional mutational pressure affects the amino acid composition and hydrophobicity of proteins in bacteria». Genetica 102/103: pp. 383-391. [1] • Graur, D. y [Wen-Hsiung Li (2000). Fundamentals of Molecular Evolution (second edition). Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0-87893-266-6. • Muto, A. and Osawa, S. (1987). «The guanine and cytosine content of genomic DNA and bacterial evolution». Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 84: pp. 166-169. [2] • Nei, M. ...
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutazionismo
codon usage slidesharecodon usage slideshare
Codon usage bias is an essential feature of all genomes. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Codon optimization, a process where less-frequent codons in the coding sequence are replaced by more frequent synonymous codons, has long been used to address this issue (Burgess-Brown et al., 2008; Welch et al., 2009; Maertens et al., 2010). Codon Usage (deut. Moreover, the usage of some codons appears nonlinear, as a function of GC bias. CodonW is a programme designed to simplify the Multivariate analysis (correspondence analysis) of codon and amino acid usage. Start codons, stop codons, reading frame. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. INTRODUCTION:- One of the main characteristics of the genetic code is that it is degenerate, i.e., multiple synonymous codons specify the same amino acid. Here, we ...
http://activehospicecare.com/assassins-creed-uvnned/codon-usage-slideshare-328512
What drives codon choices in human genes?What drives codon choices in human genes?
Synonymous codon usage is based and the bias seems to be different in different organisms. Factors with proposed roles in causing codon bias include degree and timing of gene expression, codon-anticodon interactions, transcription and translation rate and fidelity, codon context, and global and loca …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8893856/?dopt=Abstract
Human viruses have codon usage bi... preview & related info | MendeleyHuman viruses have codon usage bi... preview & related info | Mendeley
(2017) B. Miller et al. Biomedical Genetics and Genomics. It is well-documented that codon usage biases affect gene translational efficiency; however, it is less known if viruses share their hosts codon usage motifs. We determined that human-infecting viruses share similar codon usage biases as ...
https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/a406f481-e6e8-3fc6-85b5-81f9fb3c30fe/
Standard Services (PriorityGENE) - Gene Synthesis - GENEWIZStandard Services (PriorityGENE) - Gene Synthesis - GENEWIZ
GENEWIZ is widely known for reliability and completion of projects with a wide range of complexity levels including repetitive and sequences with high or low GC content. Our 99.9% delivery rate makes us the partner of choice for top research institutions across the world. Our many years of synthetic gene assembly experience provide endless opportunities to create any custom synthetic DNA sequence for your synthetic biology research ...
https://www.genewiz.com/en/Public/Services/Gene-Synthesis/Standard
DNA GC-content | CodewarsDNA GC-content | Codewars
The four bases found in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). In genetics, GC-content is the percentage of Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C) bases on a DNA molecule that are ...
https://www.codewars.com/kata/5747a9bbe2fab9a0c400012f
Basic DefinitionsBasic Definitions
What is DNA? A DNA sequence contains only the letters A, C, G and T. (Each letter represents a small molecule, and a DNA sequence is a ``macromolecular chain of them.) Each letter in a DNA sequence is called a base, basepair, or nucleotide. Normally, DNA occurs as a double strand where each A is paired with a T and vice versa, and each C is paired with a G and vice versa. The reverse complement of a DNA sequence is formed by reversing the letters, interchanging A and T and interchanging C and G. Thus the reverse complement of ACCTGAG is CTCAGGT. What is a genome? A genome is all of an organisms DNA sequence. Each nucleus in one of your cells contains its own copy of your genome, which is about 3 billion letters. (More accurately, each cell has two nearly identical copies of the genome, except that the X and Y chromosomes are even more complicated.) Replication is the process of duplicating the genome when a cell divides. DNA composition. The genome of a warm-blooded animal is divided into ...
http://globin.cse.psu.edu/courses/fall2000/definitions.html
Extremely high alkaline protease from a deep-subsurface bacterium, Alkaliphilus transvaalensis | SpringerLinkExtremely high alkaline protease from a deep-subsurface bacterium, Alkaliphilus transvaalensis | SpringerLink
A new high-alkaline protease (ALTP) was purified to homogeneity from a culture of the strictly anaerobic and extremely alkaliphilic Alkaliphilus transvaale
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00253-006-0800-0
Hotel Branisko L zn Nov SmokovecHotel Branisko L zn Nov Smokovec
hotel Branisko L zn nov smokovec. hotel Branisko L zn nov smokovec. L zn Nov Smokovec ubytov n v hotelu Branisko Vysok Tatry. k pele nov smokove Hotel Branisko. L zn nov smokovec Hotel Branisko.
https://www.penzion-hotel.cz/cz/detail-ubytovani/lazensky-hotel/lazne-novy-smokovec-hotel-branisko-novy-smokovec/1097.html
Rabbi Dr. Dovid GottliebRabbi Dr. Dovid Gottlieb
In bacteria, one example of such a characteristic is called the G+C content. Recall that DNA is made up of nucleotides: A, T, G and C. The A and T pair together (A+T) in the DNA double helix, as do the G and C (G+C). After a bacterias genome is sequenced, the G+C content is calculated simply by adding up all the Gs and Cs and dividing that number by the total number of nucleotides. The percentage, which can range from 13% to 75%, tends to be characteristic of the bacterial species. Why one species is, say, 47% and another is 58% is thought to be due solely to chance. Luck of the draw ...
http://blog.dovidgottlieb.com/2012/08/from-realclearscience-how-to-examine.html
National Aquarium | Living Seashore Exhibit Coming in 2015!National Aquarium | Living Seashore Exhibit Coming in 2015!
The National Aquarium is excited to announce the addition of Living Seashore, an interactive exhibit opening in spring 2015 where guests can explore the shore and touch the animals that live between the tides.
http://aqua.org/blog/2014/august/announcing-living-seashore
SeashoreSeashore
Zonder Javascript is het niet mogelijk bestellingen te plaatsen in deze webwinkel en zijn een aantal functionaliteiten niet beschikbaar ...
https://www.noorenzo.com/c-2934491/seashore/
생물자원센터 KCTC생물자원센터 KCTC
[KCTC]한국생명공학연구원 생물자원센터 홈페이지 입니다. 생물 자원 기탁 분양, 특허 기탁 분양, 생물자원 연구성과 기탁 분양
https://kctc.kribb.re.kr/search/resourceDetail?sn=3032
생물자원센터 KCTC생물자원센터 KCTC
[KCTC]한국생명공학연구원 생물자원센터 홈페이지 입니다. 생물 자원 기탁 분양, 특허 기탁 분양, 생물자원 연구성과 기탁 분양
https://kctc.kribb.re.kr/search/resourceDetail?sn=3017
Sistem Pertahanan Tubuh Antibodi Dan Anti Gen
sistem pertahanan tubuh antibodi dan anti gen Antibodi monoklonal Sistem kekebalan tubuh imunitas Sistem pertahanan tubuh antibodi dan anti gen Lr begini mekanisme pembentukan sistem antibodi tubuh
http://www.videodivertenti.info/sistem-pertahanan-tubuh-antibodi-dan-anti-gen/
V banskobystrickej Fakultnej nemocnici pribudlo nové hepatologicko-gastroenterologické oddelenie | Zzz.skV banskobystrickej Fakultnej nemocnici pribudlo nové hepatologicko-gastroenterologické oddelenie | Zzz.sk
V banskobystrickej Fakultnej nemocnici s poliklinikou (FNsP) F. D. Roosevelta otvorili v minulých dňoch nové hepatologicko-gastroenterologické oddelenie II. Internej kliniky Slovenskej zdravotníckej univerzity
https://www.zzz.sk/clanok/8840-v-banskobystrickej-fakultnej-nemocnici-pribudlo-nove-hepatologicko-gastroenterologicke-oddelenie
Konvencijas Par ietekmes uz vidi novērtējumu pārrobežu kontekstā Protokols par stratēģisko vides novērtējumuKonvencijas Par ietekmes uz vidi novērtējumu pārrobežu kontekstā Protokols par stratēģisko vides novērtējumu
Tiesību akti un to izmaiņas: visi jaunumi un arhīvs. Sistematizēti tiesību akti. Plašas meklēšanas un personalizētās iespējas. Vietni uztur „Latvijas Vēstnesis
https://likumi.lv/ta/en/starptautiskie-ligumi/id/1214-protocol-on-strategic-environmental-assessmentto-the-convention-on-environmental-impact-assessmentin-a-transboundary-context
any cooroy mums due in nov in QLD | Forum | Huggiesany cooroy mums due in nov in QLD | Forum | Huggies
Discuss any cooroy mums due in nov and QLD in the Huggies Communities Forum. Raise your question or find answers in existing discussions.
https://www.huggies.com.au/forum/8-communities/82-qld/301847
Parablechnum roraimense and P. paucipinna spp. nov. (Blechnaceae: Polypodiopsida), lectotypification of P. stuebelii ,...Parablechnum roraimense and P. paucipinna spp. nov. (Blechnaceae: Polypodiopsida), lectotypification of P. stuebelii ,...
Parablechnum roraimense and P. paucipinna spp. nov. (Blechnaceae: Polypodiopsida), lectotypification of P. stuebelii , and citation corrections in the family
http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/article/view/phytotaxa.292.1.6
Penilaian Menengah RendahPenilaian Menengah Rendah
The composition of air. Combustion. Water and solution. Acids and bases. Silicon compounds and calcium compounds. Reactions of ... The composition must have contained more than 180 words, and carried the most number of marks. For the fourth and final section ... Based on the results and individual interests, students would have been streamed into Science, Arts, IT[citation needed], or ... For the second section, the candidates were expected to write an essay of not more than 120 words based on visual aids (such as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penilaian_Menengah_Rendah
RAF OdihamRAF Odiham
Odiham closed as a fighter base in 1959. After a short period in "care and maintenance" status the base was reopened as part of ... "JSFAW - Responsibilities and Composition". Royal Air Force. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. "Kestrel Gliding ... "RAF Odiham - Who's Based Here". Royal Air Force. Retrieved 17 July 2018. "Chinook". Royal Air Force. Retrieved 9 April 2019. " ... Following the end of the War RAF Fighter Command assumed control of the base. No. 247 Squadron was re-equipped with Vampires in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAF_Odiham
Migrant workerMigrant worker
1 (8). Rìos, Gabriela (16 March 2015). "Cultivating Land-Based Literacies and Rhetorics". Literacy in Composition Studies. 3 (1 ... The ruling was based on the finding that the company and its agents engaged in labor trafficking, fraud, racketeering and ... "A Blockchain-Based Decentralized System for Proper Handling of Temporary Employment Contracts". ResearchGate. Archived from the ... In 2015, scholar Gabriela Raquel Ríos of the University of Central Florida published "Cultivating Land-Based Literacies and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migrant_worker
No. 657 Squadron AACNo. 657 Squadron AAC
"JSFAW - Responsibilities and Composition". Royal Air Force. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. "RAF ODIHAM - Who ... The squadron served in Northern Ireland based at Shackleton Barracks. On 1 March 1978, No. 665 Squadron AAC was re-designated ... "close to Kandahar base" and "30 miles from the Pakistani border", had been "secured" for recovery of the bodies and aircraft. A ... part of the Joint Special Forces Aviation Wing based at RAF Odiham. The squadron disbanded in May 2018 after the retirement of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No._657_Squadron_AAC
Communication Troops of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet UnionCommunication Troops of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union
... communication equipment repair base, storage and repair base for military equipment. Liaison formations of operational commands ... By the end of the war, the Red Army had in its composition a large number of communication formations, the largest type of ... Based on the results of these studies, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Council of ... Based on the results of these studies, by a special resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_Troops_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Soviet_Union
Self-leveling concreteSelf-leveling concrete
"Cement-Based Self-Leveling Composition". Google patent / IFI CLAIMS Patent Services. 1997-05-12. Retrieved 7 June 2021. ( ... The polymers in the self-leveling mix keep the viscosity of the product such that it remains uniform in composition from top to ... vinyl composition tile (VCT), wood, ceramic tile and carpet. A topping performs a similar function but acts as the actual ... which is based on superplasticizers, and is therefore also somewhat self-leveling. Self-leveling concrete was invented in 1952 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-leveling_concrete
ZonnonZonnon
Composition-Based Software Systems, 2008. ICCBSS 2008. Seventh International Conference on Composition-Based Software Systems ( ... Its conceptual model is based on objects, definitions, implementations, and modules. Its computing model is concurrent, based ... It is a unit of reuse and composition that is aggregated into the state space of an object (or module), either at compile time ... Zonnon uses a compositional inheritance model based on aggregation. Typically, an object (or module) is composed of several ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonnon
Americas CrusadersAmerica's Crusaders
Camp Jackson, SC: Base Hospital. 1919. p. 65.; and School Report of the City of Portland, Maine. Portland, ME: Marks Printing ... Part 3: Musical Compositions. Washington, DC.: Government Printing Office. 1918. p. 1089. "America's Crusaders". World War I ... Part 3. Musical Compositions. Renewals. Washington, DC.: Government Printing Office. 1946. p. 7. (CS1: Julian-Gregorian ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America's_Crusaders
Acid mine drainageAcid mine drainage
Most base metals in acidic solution precipitate in contact with free sulfide, e.g. from H2S or NaHS. Solid-liquid separation ... and Modelling of material composition. In the United Kingdom, many discharges from abandoned mines are exempt from regulatory ... Calcium Silicon-Based Mineral CSA. Harsco Minerals. Hammarstrom, Jane M.; Philip L. Sibrell; Harvey E. Belkin. " ... Generally, the wetlands receive near-neutral water, after it has been neutralized by (typically) a limestone-based treatment ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_mine_drainage
Saxifraga paradoxaSaxifraga paradoxa
Arachnoideae (Saxifragaceae) based on DNA sequence evidence". Willdenowia. 50 (2): 225. doi:10.3372/wi.50.50208. ISSN 1868-6397 ... Gerschwitz, Michael; Kadereit, Joachim W. (2020). "Species composition of Saxifraga sect. Saxifraga subsect. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saxifraga_paradoxa
CAMELS rating systemCAMELS rating system
Compliance with risk-based net worth requirements; Composition of capital; Interest and dividend policies and practices; ... A 4 rating may be appropriate for a credit union that does not have sufficient capital based on its capital level compared with ... Credit unions in this category may fail to meet their risk-based net worth requirements. A capital adequacy rating of 4 is ... The ratings are assigned based on a ratio analysis of the financial statements, combined with on-site examinations made by a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAMELS_rating_system
Procedural rhetoricProcedural rhetoric
In her article "Game-based Pedagogy in the Writing Classroom", Rebekah Schultz Colby, outlines how "games" can essentially be ... Procedural rhetoric focuses on the composition of gameplay, more specifically how simulation games are constructed to make ... Procedural rhetoric analyzes the art of persuasion by rule based representations and interactions rather than spoken or written ... Bogost defines procedural rhetoric as "the art of persuasion through rule-based representations and interactions, rather than ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_rhetoric
ResilinResilin
Amino acid composition in resilin was analyzed in 1961 by Bailey and Torkel Weis-Fogh when they observed samples of prealar arm ... Andersen came to this conclusion based on a study involving these two compounds in which he was able to rule out other forms of ... The amino acid composition of resilin indicates that proline and glycine has a relatively high presence in the amino acid ... Semi-synthetic resilin-based hydrogels, which incorporate poly(ethylene glycols), have also been reported. elastin: a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resilin
Disc jockeyDisc jockey
They experimented with tape-based composition; emphasized repetitive rhythmic structures (often stripped of their harmonic ... The first direct-drive turntable was invented by engineer Shuichi Obata at Matsushita (now Panasonic), based in Osaka, Japan. ... For example, Discwoman, a New York-based collective and booking agency, describe themselves as "representing and showcasing cis ... and Composition in DJ and Laptop Performance. Oxford University Press. pp. 111-. ISBN 978-0-19-539362-0. Shaquille O'Neal had a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_jockey
Melanie WoodMelanie Wood
Wood, Melanie (2011). "Gauss composition over an arbitrary base". Advances in Mathematics. 226 (2): 1756-1771. doi:10.1016/j. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanie_Wood
Marketa LazarováMarketa Lazarová
It is based on medieval composition. There are motives of Gregorian chant. The music emphasizes the conflict between the ... The film is based on Vladislav Vančura's novel of the same name. The film isn't a faithful adaptation and there are many ... On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 100% based on 15 reviews, with an average rating of ... Films based on Czech novels, Films directed by František Vláčil, Films set in the Middle Ages, Films set in the 13th century, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marketa_Lazarová
Chemistry Development KitChemistry Development Kit
"Elemental composition determination based on MSn". Bioinformatics. 27 (17): 2376-2383. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btr409. PMID ... Bioclipse - an Eclipse-RCP based chemo-bioinformatics workbench Blue Obelisk JChemPaint - Java 2D molecule editor, applet and ... to provide a common code base, on 27-29 September 2000 at the University of Notre Dame. The first source code release was made ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry_Development_Kit
Ten FeiziTen Feizi
"Current composition of NGL-based microarrays". Glyosciences Laboratory. Retrieved 19 March 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url- ... Feizi created the neoglycolipid (NGL)-based oligosaccharide microarray system, which allowed her to explore the whole spectrum ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Feizi
List of works by Henry PayneList of works by Henry Payne
One of three vignettes at the base of the window. The Annunciation. Gabriel tells Mary the good news. "Rumour" St James church ... The work was entitled "Peace and Goodwill". In Payne's composition angels appear to the shepherds to announce the Birth of ... Sheep in Payne's Cradley Heath composition. The angels make their announcement The shepherds listen in wonder. ... There are three vignettes at the base of the window which depict the Annunciation, the Nativity and the Crucifixion. The window ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_works_by_Henry_Payne
Antimony electrodeAntimony electrode
The use of antimony-based electrodes for analytical determinations has been reviewed. Antimony electrodes are available ... "Mucosal Potential Differences and Buffer Composition". Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 35 (8): 950-955. Núria Serrano, José; ... Manuel Díaz-Cruz, Cristina; Ariño Miquel, Esteban (2016). "Antimony- based electrodes for analytical determinations". Trends in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimony_electrode
Yorgos ManessisYorgos Manessis
How to learn a new composition. Interpretation (Aids for those who wish to explore higher ways of communication with the ... Vienna "Kurier", January 1962...he succeeded in being dominated and appreciated completely...Based on healthy harmony and ... audience). Bases of Kinesiology. Levels of self-control. Concentration/Meditation. "Intermediation" as a prerequisite of a " ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yorgos_Manessis
Stuart Saunders SmithStuart Saunders Smith
After having studied composition and music theory at three music institutions, Smith is currently based in Vermont, United ... text-based compositions; trans-media systems for any kind of performing artist(s). Smith uses language (in the form of body ... Clay Singing and twenty-six compositions of that genre. Smith has recorded with compositions on labels such as New World ... He started studying composition and percussion at six years old with Charles Newcomb, who was previously a vaudeville performer ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_Saunders_Smith
Gunk (mereology)Gunk (mereology)
The composition of space and the composition of material objects are related by receptacles-regions of space that could harbour ... ISBN 978-94-007-0213-4. Roeper, Peter (1997). "Region-Based Topology". Journal of Philosophical Logic. 26 (3): 251-309. doi: ... See also Whitehead's point-free geometry.) Gunk is an important test case for accounts of the composition of material objects: ... ISBN 978-0-02-934580-1. Cameron, Ross (2007). "The Contingency of Composition". Philosophical Studies. 136: 99-121. doi:10.1007 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunk_(mereology)
Jan BoschJan Bosch
"Abstracting object interactions using composition filters." In Object-Based Distributed Programming (pp. 152-184). Springer ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Bosch
Money SharmaMoney Sharma
Steve Winter, who was the judge, opinioned that the prize winning photograph "... is a classic composition." Chandni (1 ... November 2011). "Mumbai based Photographer Wins Nat Geo Moment Awards". Better Photography. Retrieved 12 October 2012. Sharma, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_Sharma
Gorilla GlassGorilla Glass
The joint venture is based on Lotus Glass. Lotus XT Glass became available in 2013. In 2012, Corning introduced Willow Glass, a ... The second-generation Victus has a new composition for improved drop performance on rough surfaces like concrete. In terms of ... "Corning Unveils Corning Lotus Glass for High-Performance Displays - New composition enables OLED and next generation liquid ... Technology portal Overflow downdraw method Tempered glass "How Gorilla Glass is Made , Glass Composition and Manufacturing ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorilla_Glass
Generative musicGenerative music
Music Composition Based on Linguistic Approach. 9th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2010, ... through to live rule-based computer composition. Koan was SSEYO's first real-time music generation system, developed for the ... Nierhaus, G. Algorithmic Composition - Paradigms of Automated Music Generation. Springer 2009. Rowe, R. 1991. Machine Learning ... Lerdahl and Jackendoff's publication described a generative grammar for homophonic tonal music, based partially on a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_music
CrotamineCrotamine
Studies on template activity and base composition". The Biochemical Journal. 139 (1): 151-6. doi:10.1042/bj1390151. PMC 1166261 ... The gene responsible for coding the crotamine protein is labeled as Crt-p1 and its base pair sequence length is about 1.1kbp or ... 2002) based on computational calculations that were supported with intensive molecular dynamics simulations and homology ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crotamine
Clarke numberClarke number
... who pioneered in estimating the chemical composition of Earth's crust, based on Clarke and colleague's extensive chemical ... Based on F.W.Clarke and H.S.Washington(1922). With slight correction by G.Berg(1934), et al. Edition 1937 was the first edition ... Based on F.W.Clarke and H.S.Washington(1922). With slight correction by G.Berg(1934), Kenjiro Kimura(1938) et al. Edition 1939 ... The Chemical Composition of the Oceanic Salt. Part 2". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. The Chemical Society of Japan ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarke_number
Egisto MacchiEgisto Macchi
1963 Parabola, a composition for theatre (unfinished). Based on a text by Antonino Titone. 1964 Morte all'orecchio di Van Gogh ... 1966 Alteraction, composition for theatres in two parts, based on texts by Antonin Artaud and Deacon Mario. Premiere: Rome, ... Born in Grosseto, Macchi moved to Rome to study composition, piano, violin and singing with Roman Vlad (1946-51) and Hermann ... 1962 Anno Domini, a theatre composition for orchestra and chorus, from text of Antonino Titone. First performance: Palermo ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egisto_Macchi
Clarksville, ArkansasClarksville, Arkansas
... due to financial incentives provided by the county commissioners based in Clarksville.[5] Almost twenty miles of track toward ... Clarksville racial composition[13] Race Number Percentage White (non-Hispanic) 5,500 58.63% ... liberal arts based university affiliated with the Presbyterian Church (USA). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarksville,_Arkansas
Structure of the Earth - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaStructure of the Earth - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The uppermost part of the mantle is solid, and forms the base of the crust. It is made of the heavy rock peridotite. The ... It seems that the high temperature and pressure cause changes in the crystallization of minerals, so that the composition might ...
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_of_the_Earth
Category:Logical fallacies - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaCategory:Logical fallacies - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
... but based on faulty logical arguments. ... Fallacy of composition. *Fallacy of division. *False analogy. * ...
https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Logical_fallacies
British School at AthensBritish School at Athens
The mineral composition of pots is then compared to the mineral composition of the rock from which various known clay beds had ... The BSA's activities include a regular programme of lectures and seminars, a series of scholarships and bursaries, Athens-based ... The science of geology provided them with petrology, the study of the rock composition of the clay from which the pots were ... a type of fluorescence, analyzes the elemental composition of solids without dissociating the atoms from the solid state. It is ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_School_at_Athens
VegetationVegetation
It is broader than the term flora which refers to species composition. Perhaps the closest synonym is plant community, but ... These maps show a scale, or index of greenness, based on several factors: the number and type of plants, leafiness, and plant ... Based on measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA's Terra satellite. Areas where ... In North America, vegetation types are based on a combination of the following criteria: climate pattern, plant habit, ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetation
FibonacciFibonacci
... popularized the Indo-Arabic numeral system in the Western world primarily through his composition in 1202 of Liber ... Liber Abaci posed and solved a problem involving the growth of a population of rabbits based on idealized assumptions. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci
ManausManaus
... Air Force Base - ALA8, one of their most important bases of the Brazilian Air Force, is located in Manaus at the former ... in what was originally a movement based in Belém was crucial for the birth of the current state of the Amazon. During the brief ... Racial composition. 2010[45]. Mixed. 63.83% White. 26.59% Black. 4.20% Asian. 1.15% ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manaus
Women in AfghanistanWomen in Afghanistan
The legal age for marriage in Afghanistan is 16.[121] Afghans marry each other based on religious sect, ethnicity, and tribal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Afghanistan
কপিৰাইট - অসমীয়া ৱিকিপিডিয়াকপিৰাইট - অসমীয়া ৱিকিপিডিয়া
No action may be brought under this title alleging infringement of copyright based on the manufacture, importation, or ... The length of the term can depend on several factors, including the type of work (e.g. musical composition, novel), whether the ... or based on the noncommercial use by a consumer of such a device or medium for making digital musical recordings or analog ... These are based upon copyright holder stipulations such as whether he or she is willing to allow modifications to the work, ...
https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/কপিৰাইট
Endgame tablebaseEndgame tablebase
The introduction of table base claims by Eric Ruch - ICCF President *^ Steven A. Lopez (11 November 2006). "Shredderbases". ... Tablebases provide a powerful analytical tool, enhancing competitive play and facilitating the composition of endgame studies. ... Thus: miracles, based upon complex computer analysis rather than on their content of sharp ideas, are probably of interest only ... Originally, an endgame tablebase was called an "endgame data base" or "endgame database". This name appeared in both EG and the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endgame_tablebase
ArmeniansArmenians
The claim is primarily based on the fifth-century work of Agathangelos titled "The History of the Armenians." Agathangelos ... for various ballets and the Sabre Dance from his composition for the ballet Gayane. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenians
Racial achievement gap in the United StatesRacial achievement gap in the United States
Standards-based reform[edit]. Standards-based reform has been a popular strategy used to try to eliminate the achievement gap ... Achievement gaps among students may also manifest themselves in the racial and ethnic composition of special education and ... Tonsing-Meyer, Julie A (2012). An Examination of Online Instructional Practices Based on the Learning Styles of Graduate ... School-based reform[edit]. Initiatives to close the achievement gap have been implemented at the school, district and state ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_achievement_gap_in_the_United_States
Melia WatrasMelia Watras
Her compositions have been performed in the United States and Europe. Educated at Indiana University and the Juilliard School, ... Watras is violist of the Seattle-based ensemble, Frequency, a group she has composed for and recorded with on Planet M Records. ... Watras's compositions have been performed in New York City, Chicago, Seattle, Bloomington (IN), Denmark and Spain. She has been ... premiered and recorded numerous new compositions, and appeared at venues such as Carnegie Hall, Weill Recital Hall and Alice ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melia_Watras
ZuliaZulia
The most important newspapers produced in the region are La Verdad and Panorama, both based in Maracaibo and the latter being ... According to the 2011 Census, the racial composition of the population was as follows: [9] ... At the local level, most municipalities have their own police forces as a result of decentralization and based on the ... El Regional del Zulia based in Ciudad Ojeda is also among the most read in the state. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulia
Tomasz StańkoTomasz Stańko
"Balladyna - Theater Play Compositions - Tomasz Stańko". Retrieved 29 July 2018.. *^ "Polish-Jazz: Tomasz Stanko - Roberto Zucco ... The second decade of the 21st century saw the emergence of Stańko's new poetry-based project. Its beginnings date back to 2009 ... the poet became the key to a new stage in Stańko's career and some of her poems provided the inspiration for new compositions ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomasz_Stańko
ကမ္ဘာဂြိုဟ် - ဝီကီပီးဒီးယားကမ္ဘာဂြိုဟ် - ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား
"Chemical composition of Earth, Venus, and Mercury" (1980). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 77 (12): 6973-77. ... Based on data from the Vector Map and Global Landcover Archived 26 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine. datasets, extreme values ... Exline၊ Joseph D.; Levine၊ Arlene S.; Levine၊ Joel S. (2006)။ Meteorology: An Educator's Resource for Inquiry-Based Learning ... White၊ W. M.; Klein၊ E. M. (2014)။ "Composition of the Oceanic Crust"။ in Holland၊ H. D.; Turekian၊ K. K. (eds.)။ Treatise on ...
https://my.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ကမ္ဘာမြေ
Wikipedia:Text of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported LicenseWikipedia:Text of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
"Adaptation" means a work based upon the Work, or upon the Work and other pre-existing works, such as a translation, adaptation ... a musical composition with or without words; a cinematographic work to which are assimilated works expressed by a process ... "Screenplay based on original Work by Original Author"). The credit required by this Section 4(c) may be implemented in any ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License
iStockiStock
... is an online royalty free, international micro stock photography provider based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The firm ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IStock
Swedish kronaSwedish krona
On 24 April 2012, the Riksbank announced the base for the new designs of the banknotes, based on Göran Österlund's entry titled ... Composition. Current design issued since. Volume. Value SEK 1 krona 19.5 mm 1.79 mm 3.6 g Copper-plated steel 2016 190 million ... Two golden 20 kr coins from the Scandinavian Monetary Union, which were based on a gold standard. The coin to the left is ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_krona
Die ReiheDie Reihe
41-43: John Cage, "To Describe the Process of Composition used in Music for Piano 21-52" ... The contributions from composers working in the studio were frequently based on their projects there, and in the early stages ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Reihe
Eastern OrthodoxyEastern Orthodoxy
For the composition of religious chant, the Octoechos, an eight-tone (mode) system, analogous to the Gregorian modes in the ... There is no official census of religion in Russia, and estimates are based on surveys only. In August 2012, ARENA determined ... "In Collins, John Joseph; Flint, Peter W.; VanEpps, Cameron (eds.). The Book of Daniel: Composition and Reception. Vol. 2. Brill ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox
GnosticismGnosticism
Ptolemy's Epistle to Flora describes a general asceticism, based on the moral inclination of the individual.[note 17] ... A 1st- or 2nd-century date of composition for the lost Greek originals has been proposed, though this is disputed; the ... Gnosis refers to knowledge based on personal experience or perception. In a religious context, gnosis is mystical or esoteric ... Ritualistic behaviour was not important unless it was based on a personal, internal motivation. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosticism
Motherboard - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaMotherboard - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
CompositionEdit. The painted, base material of a motherboard is composed of fiberglass yarn strands that have been woven ... It forms what is the base material of the motherboard. This material acts as an electrical insulator and holds everything in ...
https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboard
WaveplateWaveplate
... based on whether the visible interference colors increase or decrease by one order when the plate is added. Secondly, a ... as well as in some cases revealing information about the variation of chemical composition within a single mineral type. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveplate
SlovenesSlovenes
Linguistic, stylistic and contextual analyses reveal that these are church texts of careful composition and literary form. ... and indeed relied on the strong anti-Slovene attitudes in many parts of the province for his power base.[citation needed] ... establishing the base for the development of standard Slovene. In the second half of the 16th century, numerous books were ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenes
Protein-protein interactionProtein-protein interaction
The Rosetta Stone or Domain Fusion method is based on the hypothesis that interacting proteins are sometimes fused into a ... The great majority of PPI interfaces reflects the composition of protein surfaces, rather than the protein cores, in spite of ... The Conserved Neighborhood method is based on the hypothesis that if genes encoding two proteins are neighbors on a chromosome ... The Phylogenetic Profile method is based on the hypothesis that if two or more proteins are concurrently present or absent ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein–protein_interaction
Death in Venice (opera)Death in Venice (opera)
The opera is based on the novella Death in Venice by Thomas Mann. Myfanwy Piper wrote the English libretto.[1] It was first ... Composition history[edit]. Britten had been contemplating the novella for many years and began work in September 1970 with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_in_Venice_
Trousers as womens clothingTrousers as women's clothing
... or the kilt-based outfit for the Highland dances. However, tartan trews can be worn by women in the United States.[citation ... "Why Some Faith-Based Sports Uniforms Get Banned". Refinery29. Retrieved 10 November 2020. Muslim, Jewish, and Pentecostal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trousers_as_women's_clothing
LiliʻuokalaniLiliʻuokalani
She was born in the large grass hut of her maternal grandfather, ʻAikanaka, at the base of Punchbowl Crater in Honolulu on the ... They shared an interest in music composition and had known each other from childhood. He had been betrothed from birth to ... He interviewed those involved in the coup and wrote the Blount Report, and based on its findings, concluded that the overthrow ... This was in use until replaced by her brother's composition "Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī". During the 1869 visit of Alfred, Duke of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liliuokalani
History of BulgariaHistory of Bulgaria
But Chervenkov's support base in the Communist Party was too narrow for him to survive long once his patron Stalin was gone. ... The partition of territories in the Balkans by the Great Powers without regard to ethnic composition led to a wave of ... Macedonians used Bulgaria as a base, beginning in 1894, to agitate for independence from the Ottoman Empire. They launched a ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria
Composition-Based View - WikipediaComposition-Based View - Wikipedia
Coordination costs and difficulties of orchestration may undermine composition-based success. Composition-based strategies may ... The composition-based view (CBV) was recently developed by Luo and Child (2015). It is a new theory that explicates the growth ... Firms that follow the composition-based strategy are often led by executives who have sharp vision and who have adopted ... According to Luo and Child (2015), there exist several limitations of the composition-based strategy: It increases the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition-Based_View
Perfume base composition - Patent US-5962403-A - PubChemPerfume base composition - Patent US-5962403-A - PubChem
US-5962403-A chemical patent summary.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/patent/US-5962403-A
Does the Composition of a Company's Shareholder Base Really Matter? | Stanford Graduate School of Business
Corporations dedicate significant time to managing their shareholder base. Does the composition of a companys shareholder base ... Faculty & Research Publications Does the Composition of a Companys Shareholder Base Really Matter? ...
https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/publications/does-composition-companys-shareholder-base-really-matter
Cake Bases, Creams, and Composition - San Francisco Baking InstituteCake Bases, Creams, and Composition - San Francisco Baking Institute
Decrease ticket quantity for Cake Bases, Creams, and Composition -. Quantity Increase ticket quantity for Cake Bases, Creams, ... Cake Bases, Creams, and Composition. March 20, 2023 @ 7:30 am - March 24, 2023 @ 3:30 pm. - $1,290.00 ...
https://sfbi.com/event/cake-bases-creams-and-composition-6/
XMPie | Document Strategy with Template-Based Composition
Get in touch to see for yourself how to transform your document strategy with template-based composition. ... Get in touch to see for yourself how to transform your document strategy with template-based composition. ... Get in touch using the form below to see for yourself how to transform your document strategy with template-based composition. ... our personalization and composition engine. This means that you can create and automate omnichannel customer experiences that ...
https://www.xmpie.com/transform-your-document-strategy-with-template-based-composition/
237328 - [GTK][WPE] Provide DMABuf-based composition layers, DMABufVideoSink integration
Provide DMABuf-based composition layers, DMABufVideoSink integration Summary: [GTK][WPE] Provide DMABuf-based composition ...
https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=237328
Nutritional Aspects of Ghee Based on Lipid CompositionNutritional Aspects of Ghee Based on Lipid Composition
Based on that, the aim of this study was to evaluate the proximate composition and fatty acid profile of two ghee samples ... Nutritional Aspects of Ghee Based on Lipid Composition. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 18: 1107-1114. DOI: 10.3923/pjn. ... Based on the above mentioned considerations, within the spreadable lipid-based foodstuffs, ghee, either from buffalo or cow, ... According to Doreau et al.24 and Samková et al.25, the composition of unsaturated fatty acids in milk and thus in ghee depends ...
https://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=pjn.2019.1107.1114
Further Experiments in Agent-based Musical Composition | Sounding Out!Further Experiments in Agent-based Musical Composition | Sounding Out!
39 responses to "Further Experiments in Agent-based Musical Composition" * sukandi93 says : September 27, 2012 at 8:15 am. ... I found the composition to be really engaging and rich, in much the same way that I find circuit-bent compositions and ... "I found the composition to be really engaging and rich, in much the same way that I find circuit-bent compositions and ... This kind of communicative function is often central to agent-based composition more generally, as well as data sonification ...
https://soundstudiesblog.com/2012/09/24/further-experiments-in-agent-based-musical-composition/?like_comment=6280&_wpnonce=7e05e707ce
Resting Energy Expenditure during Breastfeeding: Body Composition Analysis vs. Predictive Equations Based on Anthropometric...Resting Energy Expenditure during Breastfeeding: Body Composition Analysis vs. Predictive Equations Based on Anthropometric...
Resting Energy Expenditure during Breastfeeding: Body Composition Analysis vs. Predictive Equations Based on Anthropometric ... We predicted REE using fourteen self-selected equations, based on anthropometric parameters and/or age, and/or sex. The median ... However, due to changes in metabolism and body composition during pregnancy and lactation, the mathematical equations used ... Keywords: bioelectrical impedance analysis; body composition; breastfeeding; predictive equations; resting energy expenditure. ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32365825/
Composition and distribution of the health workforce in India: estimates based on data from the National Sample SurveyComposition and distribution of the health workforce in India: estimates based on data from the National Sample Survey
... ... 2016)‎. Composition and distribution of the health workforce in India: estimates based on data from the National Sample Survey ... The estimateswere based on self-reported occupations, categorized using a combination of bothNational Classification of ...
https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/329660
A Framework for Dependency Based Automatic Service Composition | SciweaversA Framework for Dependency Based Automatic Service Composition | Sciweavers
Developing service based complex applications (service composition) has become an important area of research in SOA. In spite ... Moreover, doing composition (semi-) automatically is a crucial aspect in overcoming problems arising due to dynamic nature of a ... We propose and present a framework for performing automatic service composition by exploring and managing dependency between ... we argue that automation of process model creation is one of the critical tasks to achieve dynamic service composition. ...
http://www.sciweavers.org/publications/framework-dependency-based-automatic-service-composition
Paper: Unbounded Dynamic Predicate Compositions in Attribute-Based EncryptionPaper: Unbounded Dynamic Predicate Compositions in Attribute-Based Encryption
... Authors:. Nuttapong Attrapadung ... article{eurocrypt-2019-29330, title={Unbounded Dynamic Predicate Compositions in Attribute-Based Encryption}, booktitle={ ... Previous proposals for predicate compositions of this kind, the most recent one being that of Ambrona et al. at Crypto17, can ... We present several transformations that combine a set of attribute-based encryption (ABE) schemes for simpler predicates into a ...
https://www.iacr.org/cryptodb/data/paper.php?pubkey=29330
A Semantic-based Registry enabling Discovery, Composition and Substitution of Pervasive Services - SisInfLabA Semantic-based Registry enabling Discovery, Composition and Substitution of Pervasive Services - SisInfLab
A Semantic-based Registry enabling Discovery, Composition and Substitution of Pervasive Services. ... A Semantic-based Registry enabling Discovery, Composition and Substitution of Pervasive Services ... A Semantic-based Registry enabling Discovery, Composition and Substitution of Pervasive Services. ... "A Semantic-based Registry enabling Discovery, Composition and Substitution of Pervasive Services", booktitle = "In proceedings ...
https://sisinflab.poliba.it/publications/a-semantic-based-registry-enabling-discovery-composition-and-substitution-of-pervasive-services/
Evidence for GC-biased gene conversion as a driver of between-lineage differences in avian base composition | Genome Biology |...Evidence for GC-biased gene conversion as a driver of between-lineage differences in avian base composition | Genome Biology |...
Consistent with recombination driving base composition, GC content and heterogeneity were positively correlated with the rate ... Thus, in accord with theoretical predictions, base composition evolution is substantially modulated by species life history. ... suggesting that this group is well suited to assess the impact of life history on base composition. Employing data from 45 ... their potential effects on base composition evolution are less well understood. GC content increases with decreasing body mass ...
https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-014-0549-1
284-CEC : Controlled expansion of concrete by adding MgO-based expansive agents taking the combined influence of composition...284-CEC : Controlled expansion of concrete by adding MgO-based expansive agents taking the combined influence of composition...
284-CEC : Controlled expansion of concrete by adding MgO-based expansive agents taking the combined influence of composition ... 284-CEC : Controlled expansion of concrete by adding MgO-based expansive agents taking the combined influence of composition ...
https://www.rilem.net/groupe/284-cec-controlled-expansion-of-concrete-by-adding-mgo-based-expansive-agents-taking-the-combined-influence-of-composition-and-size-of-concrete-elements-into-consideration-376/page/events
Assessment of Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid Composition of Afzelia africana Seed Oil and the Effect of Its Oil-Based...Assessment of Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid Composition of Afzelia africana Seed Oil and the Effect of Its Oil-Based...
The control group was fed with soybean-based diet while Afzelia africana oil-based diet was fed to the test group ad libitum ... cholesterol and low density lipoprotein concentration significantly decreased in the test group fed Afzelia africana oil-based ... fatty acid composition of Afzelia africana seed oil were determined and also effect of the oil-based diet on growth performance ... Assessment of Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid Composition of Afzelia africana Seed Oil and the Effect of Its Oil-Based ...
https://file.scirp.org/Html/4-2702200_86699.htm
A base composition analysis of natural patterns for the preprocessing of metagenome sequences | BMC Bioinformatics | Full TextA base composition analysis of natural patterns for the preprocessing of metagenome sequences | BMC Bioinformatics | Full Text
Furthermore, our base composition method has applications in phylogeny where it can be used to infer evolutionary distances ... We introduce spectrum sets (sets of motifs) which are permutations of bacterial restriction sites and the base composition ... we offer a base composition analysis tool. Our tool uses these natural patterns to determine relatedness across sequence data. ... framework shows how to successfully determine the relatedness between these reads or contigs by comparison of base composition ...
https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2105-14-S11-S5/tables/4
08. Infrastructure and Collaboration: On Crafting an Assignment Sequence for a Web-Based Final Project in a Composition Course ...08. Infrastructure and Collaboration: On Crafting an Assignment Sequence for a Web-Based Final Project in a Composition Course ...
This post details the sequence of assignments leading up to a collaborative website project at the end of a basic composition ... Infrastructure and Collaboration: On Crafting an Assignment Sequence for a Web-Based Final Project in a Composition Course. ... Infrastructure and Collaboration: On Crafting an Assignment Sequence for a Web-Based Final Project in a Composition Course ... Infrastructure and Collaboration: On Crafting an Assignment Sequence for a Web-Based Final Project in a Composition Course ...
https://www.hastac.org/blogs/danicasavonick/2014/07/27/08-infrastructure-and-collaboration-crafting-assignment-sequence-web
Dual-bath Plating of Composition Modulated Alloys (CMA) based on a newly developed Computer Controlled Plating System<...Dual-bath Plating of Composition Modulated Alloys (CMA) based on a newly developed Computer Controlled Plating System<...
Dual-bath Plating of Composition Modulated Alloys (CMA) based on a newly developed Computer Controlled Plating System. In SUR/ ... Dive into the research topics of Dual-bath Plating of Composition Modulated Alloys (CMA) based on a newly developed Computer ... Dual-bath Plating of Composition Modulated Alloys (CMA) based on a newly developed Computer Controlled Plating System. SUR/FIN ... Dual-bath Plating of Composition Modulated Alloys (CMA) based on a newly developed Computer Controlled Plating System. / Tang, ...
https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/dual-bath-plating-of-composition-modulated-alloys-cma-based-on-a-
US Patent Application for SULFIDE-BASED SOLID ELECTROLYTE SYNTHESIZED USING WET PROCESS AND COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR...US Patent Application for SULFIDE-BASED SOLID ELECTROLYTE SYNTHESIZED USING WET PROCESS AND COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR...
The sulfide-based solid electrolyte is expressed as chemical formula 1 of A(Li2S).B(P2S5).C(MX4). A, B and C are respectively ... sulfide-based solid electrolyte synthesized using a wet process and a composition for manufacturing the same. ... 6. A composition for manufacturing the sulfide-based solid electrolyte of claim 1, the composition comprising:. raw materials ... Solid electrolytes are divided into oxide-based solid electrolytes and sulfide-based solid electrolytes. Sulfide-based solid ...
https://patents.justia.com/patent/20200153036
Grammar based modeling and generation of Tabla compositions</em>...
Grammar based modeling and generation of Tabla compositions. / Mahmud, J.. Department of Computer Science, University of Bath, ... Mahmud, J 2006, Grammar based modeling and generation of Tabla compositions. Computer Science Technical Reports, no. CSBU-2006- ... Mahmud J. Grammar based modeling and generation of Tabla compositions. Department of Computer Science, University of Bath, 2006 ... Mahmud, J. / Grammar based modeling and generation of Tabla compositions. Department of Computer Science, University of Bath, ...
https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/grammar-based-modeling-and-generation-of-tabla-compositions
특허]Nitroalkane-based emulsion explosive composition특허]Nitroalkane-based emulsion explosive composition
The composition essentially contains as the emulsifying agent a polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-based compound in admixture ... The composition demonstrates high explosive strength and excellent stability. ... An emulsion explosive composition comprising a discontinuous oxidizer phase and a continuous fuel phase is provided wherein the ... The composition essentially contains as the emulsifying agent a polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-based compound in admixture ...
https://scienceon.kisti.re.kr/srch/selectPORSrchPatent.do?cn=USP1990064936931&dbt=USPA
Task-Based Composition of the Context-Sensitive UIs of Physical Environments<...Task-Based Composition of the Context-Sensitive UIs of Physical Environments<...
keywords = "task-based composition technique, dynamic composition, adaptation, context-sensitivity, Bluetooth",. author = " ... We developed a task-based composition technique to support composition of content and context-sensitive applications. This ... We developed a task-based composition technique to support composition of content and context-sensitive applications. This ... We developed a task-based composition technique to support composition of content and context-sensitive applications. This ...
https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/task-based-composition-of-the-context-sensitive-uis-of-physical-e
Internet-Based Music Composition and Music Teacher Education<...
Internet-Based Music Composition and Music Teacher Education. In: Journal of Music Teacher Education. 1999 ; Vol. 9, No. 1. pp ... Internet-Based Music Composition and Music Teacher Education. Journal of Music Teacher Education. 1999 Jan 1;9(1):25-32. doi: ... Reese, S., & Hickey, M. M. (1999). Internet-Based Music Composition and Music Teacher Education. Journal of Music Teacher ... Reese, S & Hickey, MM 1999, Internet-Based Music Composition and Music Teacher Education, Journal of Music Teacher Education ...
https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/internet-based-music-composition-and-music-teacher-education
What is the composition of etchant used for copper based alloys? - spudd64.comWhat is the composition of etchant used for copper based alloys? - spudd64.com
What is the composition of etchant used for copper based alloys?. Etchant. Composition. ... What is the composition of etchant used for copper based alloys?. 09/11/2019. by Clay Mcdonald ... Beraha also developed etchants based upon sulfamic acid, a weak organic acid, that have not been used much, although they are ... What are the chemical composition of a traditional etching solution?. Aqueous Ferric Chloride 100 ml distilled water, 5-50 ml ...
https://www.spudd64.com/what-is-the-composition-of-etchant-used-for-copper-based-alloys/
Essay Base: Persuasive composition verified degrees!Essay Base: Persuasive composition verified degrees!
Kj angle of the composition persuasive same basic principles. Objective needs to be rebellious b the loss box and any other ... Persuasive composition for National Senior Citizens Day essay. essay format sources/latex essay template/Persuasive composition ... Persuasive composition for research essay structure example Global survey results?Cid=otheremlnslmipmckoth, accessed ment and ... For making a profit of $, persuasive composition sellers are unable to explain a glassdoor report that the only seats you have ...
https://willcoxwinecountry.org/linkedin/persuasive-composition/47/
Composition differences between organic and conventional meat: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis | British...Composition differences between organic and conventional meat: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis | British...
Composition differences between organic and conventional meat: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis - Volume 115 ... Meat composition data. Compared with the large amount of comparative composition data now available for crop-based foods( ... was based on eleven publications reporting meat composition data, (2) pooled meat, egg and milk/dairy product composition data ... Calculated based on published fatty acids (FA) composition data. n, number of data points included in meta-analyses; VLC n-3 ...
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/composition-differences-between-organic-and-conventional-meat-a-systematic-literature-review-and-metaanalysis/B333BC0DD4B23193DDFA2273649AE0EE
Himalayan Organics Plant Based Vitamin B12, 120 Capsules Price, Uses, Side Effects, Composition - Apollo PharmacyHimalayan Organics Plant Based Vitamin B12, 120 Capsules Price, Uses, Side Effects, Composition - Apollo Pharmacy
Know the uses, side effects, composition, precautions and more about Himalayan Organics Plant Based Vitamin B12, 120 Capsules. ... Order Himalayan Organics Plant Based Vitamin B12, 120 Capsules online and get the medicine delivered within 4 hours at your ... Buy Himalayan Organics Plant Based Vitamin B12, 120 Capsules, 120 at Rs.995 in India. ... Himalayan Organics brings to you Plant-Based Vitamin B12 to support various roles in your body. A blend of plant-based extracts ...
https://www.apollopharmacy.in/otc/himalayan-organics-plant-based-vitb12-cap120-s?doNotTrack=true
Web, Sheet Or Filament Bases; Compositions Of Bandages; Or Dressings With Incorporated Medicaments Patents and Patent...Web, Sheet Or Filament Bases; Compositions Of Bandages; Or Dressings With Incorporated Medicaments Patents and Patent...
Compositions Of Bandages; Or Dressings With Incorporated Medicaments Patents and Patent Applications (Class 424/443) Filed with ... Tadalafil free base-containing film dosage form containing polyethylene glycol-based polymer and/or vinyl pyrrolidone-based ... Web, Sheet Or Filament Bases; Compositions Of Bandages; Or Dressings With Incorporated Medicaments Patents (Class 424/443) ... Sheet Or Filament Bases; Compositions Of Bandages; Or Dressings With Incorporated Medicaments Patents (Class 424/443) ...
https://patents.justia.com/patents-by-us-classification/424/443
A comprehensive overview of the climatological composition of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone based on 10 years of Aura...A comprehensive overview of the climatological composition of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone based on 10 years of Aura...
A comprehensive overview of the climatological composition of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone based on 10 years of Aura ... A comprehensive overview of the climatological composition of the Asian summer.... Santee, M., G. Manney, N. Livesey, M. ... Home > A comprehensive overview of the climatological composition of the Asian summer... ... composition of the ASM anticyclone throughout its annual life cycle. We use version 4 MLS data to quantify spatial and temporal ...
https://airbornescience.nasa.gov/content/A_comprehensive_overview_of_the_climatological_composition_of_the_Asian_summer_monsoon
AbstractMicrobiome compositionSolid electrolyteService composition2022StabilityBody CompositionPatentChemicalDataSpectral compositionMusic CompositionOrganicUnbounded-sizeClassificationPercentageContentSpecies compositionDeterminationNucleotideAlloy CompositionDemographic compositionEssentially2021AlloysSpecimensOptimizationBulkVaccineTheoreticalShareholder baseIngredientsDensity2019MethodsBacterialPatternsCompoundsAcid and1994Polymer-basedApproachStructuralDifferencesSequenceTaxonomyDiscoveryMetabolismSubstitutionObservationsProducts2020SubstanceProposalsSchemeFood
Abstract1
  • In this painting he reduces the row of trees along the river, the farm and the reflection in the water to an almost completely abstract composition of surfaces, lines and colours. (google.com)
Microbiome composition3
  • The genetic ability of the individual to produce defensins, the presence of microbes influencing defensin production, and the sensitivity of microbes to defensins together regulate the formation of an ever-changing balance between defensin levels and microbiome composition. (nature.com)
  • We investigated the potential differences in postmenopausal vaginal microbiome composition and vaginal hBD levels in LS patients compared to non-LS controls. (nature.com)
  • Hormonal Contraceptives, Menstruation, and the Female Microbiome This study explores the impact of suppressed ovulation, menstrual bleeding, and shifts in sex hormones on the oral, vaginal, rectal and fecal microbiome composition in healthy women. (medscape.com)
Solid electrolyte11
  • Disclosed are a five-component (Li-M-P-S-X) sulfide-based solid electrolyte synthesized using a wet process and a composition for manufacturing the same. (justia.com)
  • The sulfide-based solid electrolyte is expressed as chemical formula 1 of A(Li2S).B(P2S5).C(MX4). (justia.com)
  • The present disclosure relates to a five-component (Li-M-P-S-X) sulfide-based solid electrolyte synthesized using a wet process and a composition for manufacturing the same. (justia.com)
  • On the other hand, all solid state batteries using an inorganic solid electrolyte are based on technology in which an organic solvent is excluded and cells thereof may be manufactured in a safer and simpler format and, thus, all solid state batteries are being spotlighted now. (justia.com)
  • Li-P-S, sulfide-based solid electrolyte, synthesized using a wet process, and non-patent document 2 discloses Li 7 P 2 S 8 I, which is a four-component, i.e. (justia.com)
  • Li-P-S-X (X being a halogen element), sulfide-based solid electrolyte, synthesized using a wet process. (justia.com)
  • If a sulfide-based solid electrolyte is synthesized using the wet process, as described above, a large-scale solid electrolyte may be manufactured and is thus advantageous in manufacture of all solid state batteries having a large capacity, and the sulfide-based solid electrolyte may be mass-produced and is thus suitable for mass-production of all solid state batteries. (justia.com)
  • The present disclosure provides, in one aspect, a method to synthesize a sulfide-based solid electrolyte having a new composition using raw materials which are not conventionally reported. (justia.com)
  • The present disclosure provides, in one aspect, a method to synthesize a sulfide-based solid electrolyte using a wet process. (justia.com)
  • The present disclosure provides, in one aspect, a novel sulfide-based solid electrolyte having higher ionic conductivity than conventional sulfide-based solid electrolytes. (justia.com)
  • The development of hybrid electrolytes comprising ceramics and polymers might be the ultimate solution to achieve the required interfacial properties in solid-state batteries.In this study, the effect of composition of NASICON/PVdF based hybrid solid electrolyte on graphite electrode/solid electrolyte has been studied. (scitechnol.com)
Service composition3
  • Developing service based complex applications (service composition) has become an important area of research in SOA. (sciweavers.org)
  • In this paper, we argue that automation of process model creation is one of the critical tasks to achieve dynamic service composition. (sciweavers.org)
  • We propose and present a framework for performing automatic service composition by exploring and managing dependency between services making use of semantic web service descriptions. (sciweavers.org)
20222
  • This series of graphics visualizes some of the world's most well-known airliners by fleet composition, using fleet data from Planespotters.net as of May 26, 2022. (visualcapitalist.com)
  • The recommendations for the 2022-2023 season include two updates compared with the recommended composition of last season's U.S. flu vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Stability5
  • Most conventional secondary batteries constitute cells based on an organic solvent (an organic liquid electrolyte) and thus have limits in improvement in stability and energy density thereof. (justia.com)
  • The composition demonstrates high explosive strength and excellent stability. (kisti.re.kr)
  • Important parameters are based on interface impedance and electrochemical and mechanical stability with electrode materials. (scitechnol.com)
  • The foaming power and stability of vegetable-based cement foaming agents are relatively balanced. (robocup2009.org)
  • Tan, T , Lee, P-K & Yu, DYW 2021, ' Improving Thermal Stability of Si-Based Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Controlling Bulk and Surface Layer Compositions ', Journal of the Electrochemical Society , vol. 168, no. 10, 100527. (edu.hk)
Body Composition5
  • However, due to changes in metabolism and body composition during pregnancy and lactation, the mathematical equations used among the general population may not apply. (nih.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the resting energy expenditure of exclusively breastfeeding women by using body composition analysis - estimated REE (eREE) and to provide the most appropriate predictive equations - predicted REE (pREE) based on anthropometric parameters to estimate it. (nih.gov)
  • Height and weight were measured and body composition analysis was performed. (nih.gov)
  • The company has developed a new global standard in body composition assessment, the ability to automatically produce multiple fat and muscle biomarkers with unrivaled precision and accuracy, as well as contextual disease insights - all from a single, rapid, whole-body MRI. (amramedical.com)
  • In South Africa, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is high (61% in urban women and 48% in rural women), and body composition (percentage of lean tissue vs fat) may have different distributions in black and white women and thus have different associations with breast cancer risk. (who.int)
Patent1
  • I. European patent No. 1 123 093, based on international patent application PCT/IT99/00331, was granted with three claims. (epo.org)
Chemical16
  • What are the chemical composition of a traditional etching solution? (spudd64.com)
  • Intense deep convection associated with the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) lofts surface pollutants to the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS), where strong winds and long chemical lifetimes allow intercontinental transport, affecting atmospheric composition around the globe. (nasa.gov)
  • Home-based fluids are usually given under such circumstance and thus chemical compositions of syrups (m=9), soft drinks (n=5), fresh fruit juices (n=3) and plant decoctions (n=7) were analysed by using published methods and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. (who.int)
  • The chemical composition is also different from ordinary stainless steel. (robocup2009.org)
  • Wang Qingwei from the Institute of Applied Ecology (IAE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and his collaborators conducted a spectral attenuation experiment to quantify the relative importance of solar spectral compositions on variation in LMA and its structural, chemical, and physiological components. (followthistrendingworld.com)
  • Journal Information: Qing‐Wei Wang et al, Leaf density and chemical composition explain variation in leaf mass area with spectral composition among 11 widespread forbs in a common garden, Physiologia Plantarum (2021). (followthistrendingworld.com)
  • 2 The curious thing about the mineralogical composition of the soil-secreted granules is that whilst they are predominantly calcite, a common crystalline form of calcium carbonate, different polymorphs (same chemical composition but the atoms and molecules are arranged differently to give a different mineral form) of calcium carbonate can also be found in the granules-aragonite, vaterite and amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC). (spectroscopyeurope.com)
  • Semi-synthetic oils have been developed at the Institute of Chemical Economy of ANAS using dearomatized samples of oils from Balakhani oil with the content of aromatic hydrocarbons from zero to 10% as a base component. (neftemir.ru)
  • 1. Vaccine composition containing self-TGFα or any derived or its combination with other EGF-R ligands, coupled with any carrier protein genetically or by chemical conjugation that contains an adjuvant, able to produce a specific immune response against the self-TGFα. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • 7. Vaccine composition according to claim 1 that contains a chemical conjugated between TGFα and P64k. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • 8. Vaccine composition according to claim 1 that contains TGFα, EGF and P64k coupled by a chemical method. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Protein abundance data, domains, shared domains with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, sequence-based physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)
  • The chemical composition of the fibers was determined. (cdc.gov)
  • It is recommended that all labels on MMMF containing insulation materials include data on fiber diameters and chemical composition as well as technical instructions so that users can evaluate potential risks. (cdc.gov)
  • Because common equipment can be used by a contractor for a variety of resin compositions, chemical cross-contamination is also possible. (cdc.gov)
  • Urine color varies based on the urine concentration and chemical composition. (medscape.com)
Data18
  • For this data set, the CCGGAT- spectrum set created a tree which most closely resembled the one based on the classification in NCBI taxonomy database in Figure 14. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we exploit the dense spatial and temporal coverage, long-term data record, extensive measurement suite, and insensitivity to aerosol and most clouds of Aura MLS to characterize the climatological (2005-2014) composition of the ASM anticyclone throughout its annual life cycle. (nasa.gov)
  • Variation and heterogeneity of base composition of deoxyribonucleic acids: a compilation of old and new data. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The p-T phase diagrams of the helium hydrates in different ices are presented for a wide range of pressures and temperatures, and the structural transitions between pure ice I h and ice II as well as between ice I h -based helium hydrate and ice II-based helium hydrate have been found to be in agreement with the available experimental data. (elsevier.com)
  • Note: Even though all possible efforts have been made to provide you with the most accurate information, we can not guarantee to its completeness and accuracy due to the fact that the data has been compiled based on the ranges provided and some information that may not have been provided by the subcontractors and raw material suppliers to protect their business proprietary information. (onsemi.com)
  • See the base metal value data at Coinflation,com. (survivalblog.com)
  • Closing our employment gaps requires data to inform evidence-based decisions. (ucalgary.ca)
  • Responses will be analyzed and support data-informed and evidence-based decision-making. (ucalgary.ca)
  • To achieve this goal, we first need good data to support evidence-based decision-making. (ucalgary.ca)
  • Sled dogs were evaluated for breed composition based on a variety of performance phenotypes including speed, endurance and work ethic, and the data stratified based on population structure. (springer.com)
  • Flu viruses constantly change and, based on the available data on how flu viruses are currently changing, CDC flu experts anticipate that the flu viruses that circulate this season may have small changes in comparison to each of the four major virus components used in the vaccine. (cdc.gov)
  • The similarity of the vaccine's four components to the flu viruses that circulated during previous seasons is just one of several types of data used to inform the recommendations for the composition of flu vaccines. (cdc.gov)
  • Based on numerous primary interviews and IDTechEx's historical data on additive manufacturing, the report provides extensive technology benchmarking, material summaries, major player overviews, and target applications for ceramic 3D printing. (idtechex.com)
  • a closed-end equity fund, announced today its performance data and portfolio composition as of October 31 , 2017. (prnewswire.com)
  • Successful exploitation of web-based concepts by web communities lies on the integration of traditional data management techniques and semantic information into web-based frameworks and systems. (iaria.org)
  • WEB 2021, The Ninth Conference on Building and Exploring Web-based Environments, continues the inaugural conference on web-related theoretical and practical aspects, focusing on identifying challenges for building web-based useful services and applications, and for effectively extracting and integrating knowledge from the Web, enterprise data, and social media. (iaria.org)
  • In addition, NCHS requests that the acronym HHANES be placed in the abstracts of journal articles and other publications based on data from this survey in order to facilitate the retrieval of such materials through automated bibliographic searches. (cdc.gov)
  • A comprehensive international classification of health interventions provides a sound base for comparisons, whether the international classification is used directly for collecting data, as a base for developing national classifications, or as a common structure to which codes in national classifications can be mapped for compiling international data. (who.int)
Spectral composition1
  • No matter how light intensity changes, the spectral composition of canopy solar radiation can be adjusted through resource investment and structural support to regulate LMA. (followthistrendingworld.com)
Music Composition2
  • Reese, S & Hickey, MM 1999, ' Internet-Based Music Composition and Music Teacher Education ', Journal of Music Teacher Education , vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 25-32. (northwestern.edu)
  • I am now focusing on Music Composition writing instrumentals and songs. (google.com)
Organic3
  • Beraha also developed etchants based upon sulfamic acid, a weak organic acid, that have not been used much, although they are quite useful, reliable and easy to employ. (spudd64.com)
  • Composition differences between organic and conventional. (cambridge.org)
  • PAHs are complex organic the past, used mineral-based crankcase oil was also compounds containing three or more aromatic rings. (cdc.gov)
Unbounded-size2
  • Contrastingly, our transformations are dynamic and unbounded: they allow a user to specify an arbitrary and unbounded-size composition policy right into his/her own key or ciphertext. (iacr.org)
  • At the core of our transformations, we observe and exploit an unbounded nature of the symbolic property so as to achieve unbounded-size policy compositions. (iacr.org)
Classification3
  • When classifying in the mixture groups of this subclass, any individual ingredient of a composition which is not identified by such classification, and which itself is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in groups C11D 1/00 - C11D 9/00 . (uspto.gov)
  • Any ingredient of a composition which is not identified by the classification according to Note (1) above, and which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified in groups C11D 1/00 - C11D 9/00 . (uspto.gov)
  • This can, for example, be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of compositions using a combination of classification symbols. (uspto.gov)
Percentage3
  • Results indicated some interactions between growing media compositions and watering interval, affected the rate of stolon percentage and the tubers weight per plant. (scialert.net)
  • The compositions of soil+compost+cocopeat (2:1:1) and soil+compost+husk charcoal+cocopeat (2:1:1:1) treated by the watering interval once in 2 days increased the percentage of tuberization (93.33 and 90.86%) and the weight of tubers per plant (335.0 and 355.5 g). (scialert.net)
  • It was concluded that in Medians cultivar, the use of growing media compositions of soil+compost+cocopeat (2:1:1) and soil+compost+husk charcoal+cocopeat (2:1:1:1) treated by the watering interval once in 2 days increased the percentage of tuberization and the weight of tubers per plant. (scialert.net)
Content8
  • Consistent with recombination driving base composition, GC content and heterogeneity were positively correlated with the rate of recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 3. The 1-butene polymer composition according to claim 2 wherein the 1-butene polymer composition has a tension set (%) at 100% of deformation lower than a tension set (%) at 100% of deformation of a copolymer having the same kind and amount of comonomer content of the resulting composition. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
  • The crude protein (CP) value of a feed is actually an estimate of protein that is based on the nitrogen content and can be further classified into two forms of protein: rumen degradable protein (RDP) and rumen undegradable protein (RUP). (unl.edu)
  • Between the overall low CP content of corn silage, low digestible RUP, and low RDP relative to fermentable energy, supplementation of both RDP and RUP may be beneficial in corn silage-based diets for the animal to utilize the feed most effectively. (unl.edu)
  • The worms were fed iso‑carbonic diets comprised of fish feed, smolt waste, microalgae paste, and a 1:5 mixture (based on carbon content) of microalgae paste and smolt waste for a period of 30 days. (unit.no)
  • It was found that in terms of the structural group composition, dearomatized mineral base oils differ from hydrocracking oils and highly purified neutral oil SN-180 in a lower hydrogen content in paraffin structures. (neftemir.ru)
  • These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. (cdc.gov)
  • Different compositions of growing media caused different water content, different water retention capacity as well as different watering requirement. (scialert.net)
Species composition2
  • This paper deals with the result of the first study on the species composition of Robber flies from four provinces in Central Vietnam: Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien - Hue, and Quang Nam collected during the time from 2004 to 2006. (ac.vn)
  • All enriched consortia were dominated by the genus Clostridium with variable microbial diversity and species composition as a function of the enrichment conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Determination3
  • Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • This study focuses on the determination, as well as, the composition of some heavy metals contained in 12 eye shadow cosmetic samples. (scirp.org)
  • This determination is based upon information available to the agency (i.e., information in the ANDA and the status of current good manufacturing practices (cGMPs) of the facilities used in the manufacturing and testing of the drug product. (who.int)
Nucleotide1
Alloy Composition1
Demographic composition1
  • Identify the demographic composition of your organization's workforce. (oreilly.com)
Essentially2
  • The composition essentially contains as the emulsifying agent a polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-based compound in admixture with an ester of 1-4 sorbitan and oleic acid. (kisti.re.kr)
  • Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. clausenii and C. stellatoidea showed essentially identical base composition 35.1-35.7% GC. (microbiologyresearch.org)
20211
  • Saarela, J , Stanfors, M & Rostila, M 2021, Ethnic composition of couples and mutual health benefit receipt: register-based evidence from Finland . (abo.fi)
Alloys3
  • Composition Modulated Alloys (CMA) are attracting ever increasing interests, as new and fascinating appli-cations are reported. (dtu.dk)
  • What is the composition of etchant used for copper based alloys? (spudd64.com)
  • In fact, in essence, nickel-based alloys are also a kind of stainless steel. (robocup2009.org)
Specimens1
  • Thus, this study aimed to provide a current checklist of tiger beetles as well as their species distribution, abundances and habitat preferences in Sarawak based on voucher specimens from Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Insect Reference Collection (UIRC). (unimas.my)
Optimization1
  • 2014 Projects Cost-Based Optimization of Service Compositions : ClickMyProject! (clickmyproject.com)
Bulk1
  • Initially we worked on the bulk composition of the granules using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy but then we carried out some spatially resolved analyses with synchrotron-based µ-FT-IR mapping at Beamline B22 (Multimode InfraRed Imaging And Microspectroscopy, MIRIAM) of the Diamond Light Source, in the UK. (spectroscopyeurope.com)
Vaccine9
  • Vaccine composition containing transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalpha). (freepatentsonline.com)
  • The object of this invention is to obtain a vaccine composition for the active immunotherapy of malignant tumors that depend of TGFα for its growth. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Another important object of this invention is to obtain a vaccine composition containing a combination of TGFα with other EGF-R ligands, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), able to inhibit the proliferation of tumors whose progression depends on these factors. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • 2. Vaccine composition according to claim 1 containing recombinant human TGFα. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • 3. Vaccine composition according to claim 1 wherein the carrier protein used is P64k. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • 4. Vaccine composition according to claim 1 that contains a recombinant fusion protein between TGFα and P64k cloned in any expression vector system such as: mammalian cells, bacteria or yeast. (freepatentsonline.com)
  • Each year, the Food and Drug Administration's Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (VRBPAC) makes the recommendation for the flu vaccine composition for US flu vaccines. (cdc.gov)
  • Sometimes, updates to the composition of the flu vaccine represent minor, incremental improvements. (cdc.gov)
  • The age indication for the cell culture-based inactivated flu vaccine, Flucelvax Quadrivalent (ccIIV4), changed from 2 years and older to 6 months and older. (cdc.gov)
Theoretical3
  • Thus, in accord with theoretical predictions, base composition evolution is substantially modulated by species life history. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is also the first scale whose construction did not employ any mathematical formulas but was based on aesthetic criteria (in the sense that it would not fit into the sieve-theoretical criteria of periodicity and symmetry). (gold.ac.uk)
  • Prepares students for the practical and theoretical challenges of teaching English composition and other writing courses. (nu.edu)
Shareholder base3
  • Does the Composition of a Company's Shareholder Base Really Matter? (stanford.edu)
  • Corporations dedicate significant time to managing their shareholder base. (stanford.edu)
  • Does the composition of a company's shareholder base really impact corporate decision making and stock-market value? (stanford.edu)
Ingredients1
  • A meat alternative or meat substitute (also called plant-based meat or fake meat , sometimes pejoratively) is a food product made from vegetarian or vegan ingredients, eaten as a replacement for meat. (wikipedia.org)
Density1
  • Compositions include solutions that can contain an effective amount of cysteamine to treat cystinosis, and an oil with a lower density than the solution. (justia.com)
20192
  • U.S. based airlines were far and away the largest aircraft carriers, with American Airlines being the world's largest airline by fleet size since 2019. (visualcapitalist.com)
  • In March 2019, as part of its Global Sustainability Strategy, BNP Paribas Asset Management developed a forward-looking vision based on three topics (the 3Es): the Energy transition, Environmental protection, Equality and inclusive growth. (unglobalcompact.org)
Methods3
  • Compositions and methods for skincare treatment are provided. (justia.com)
  • The invention relates more generally to skin care treatment and more particularly, to compositions and methods for promoting healthy skin, skin regeneration, skin repair, skin bed preparation, and enhanced wound healing. (justia.com)
  • The common methods of determining soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and their isotopic compositions (δ13C and δ15N) are expensive and time-consuming. (edu.au)
Bacterial3
  • Some applications of deoxyribonucleic acid base composition in bacterial taxonomy. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In addition, soy protein has also been claimed to play positive roles in modulating the beneficial bacterial composition in the gut with increased communities of Escherichia and Propionibacterium ( 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The taxonomic profiling resulted, on the tremendous kingdom degree, in 1520 bacterial, 4 archaeal, 2 eukaryotic, and a couple of unclassified metagenomic species, any more known as species, which have been recognized primarily based on their microbial gene profile, with a median of 325 species per pattern (vary: 26-663, Supplementary Information 1). (techsardar.com)
Patterns2
  • In principle, any life history-related trait affecting substitution patterns should also impact on the evolution and the dynamics of base composition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By revealing these banding patterns using various stains, genetic aberrations can be exposed, aiding in the diagnosis of genetic-based disease processes, and the causes for congenital abnormalities. (cdc.gov)
Compounds1
  • We calculated that potential polychaete biomass produced via recycling smolt waste nutrients will account for 8% of smolt production, indicating that H. diversicolor can not only be successfully reared on waste sludge from land-based salmon smolt aquaculture, but they also contain high valuable compounds, and therefore can help to increase the protein and lipid availability meanwhile decreasing the environmental impact from aquaculture activities. (unit.no)
Acid and1
  • This table lists properties (densities and concentrations) of common acid and base solutions. (openstax.org)
19942
  • Survey (NHANES III), conducted from 1988 through 1994, was the seventh in a series of these surveys based on a complex, multi-stage sample design. (cdc.gov)
  • Opera Software was founded in 1994, based on the idea that access to the web should be a universal right. (tmcnet.com)
Polymer-based1
  • Single component, isocyanate and solvent-free, sililated polymer-based adhesive with extremely low emissions of VOC, for all types of parquet. (archiexpo.com)
Approach1
  • The current thesis applied a nutrigenomics and lipidomics approach to study the impacts of plant-based feeds with varying dietary ω6:ω3 ratios and ω3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) levels on farmed salmon growth, tissue composition and lipid metabolism, gene expression, and antibacterial immune response. (mun.ca)
Structural1
  • The structural-group composition of the oils was investigated using PMR spectroscopy. (neftemir.ru)
Differences1
  • Bandi P, Goldmann E, Parikh NS, Farsi P, Boden-Albala B. Age-Related Differences in Antihypertensive Medication Adherence in Hispanics: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Survey in New York City, 2011-2012. (cdc.gov)
Sequence1
  • This post details the sequence of assignments leading up to a collaborative website project at the end of a basic composition course. (hastac.org)
Taxonomy1
  • Knowledge of DNA base compositions would appear to be of definite significance in the taxonomy of yeasts. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Discovery1
  • Significance was primarily based on p -values adjusted for a number of testing, which we report as q -values, utilizing the Benjamini-Hochberg methodology 16 at a 5% false discovery fee. (techsardar.com)
Metabolism2
  • The focus of Chapter 4 was to apply a two-factorial design to evaluate if diets with different combinations of ω6:ω3 (high ω6, balanced, high ω3) and EPA+DHA levels (0.3, 1.0, or 1.4%, as formulated) impact head kidney lipid composition, and the transcript expression of genes involved in FA and eicosanoid metabolism (using qPCR). (mun.ca)
  • This Chapter also showed significant correlations between head kidney FA composition and the expression of eicosanoid synthesis-related transcripts (i.e. 5loxa, 5loxb, cox1, cox2, ptges2, ptges3, and pgds), which illustrated the constitutive relationships among FA and eicosanoid metabolism in salmon. (mun.ca)
Substitution1
  • While effective population size (N e ) and life history traits such as generation time are known to impact substitution rates, their potential effects on base composition evolution are less well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Observations1
  • Our observations highlight that correcting the composition of the microbiome may be applicable in supplementary LS therapy by targeting the restoration of the beneficial flora that does not increase hBD2-3 production. (nature.com)
Products6
  • Compositions for treatment of cystinosis, products for administering eye drops, and products for storing contact lenses are provided. (justia.com)
  • In the process, the study also engaged another critical aspect of marijuana products: equivalency in composition. (brookings.edu)
  • [2] Since the 2010s, startup companies such as Impossible Foods and Beyond Meat have popularized pre-made plant-based substitutes for ground beef , patties , and vegan chicken nuggets as commercial products. (wikipedia.org)
  • M. Ali Zainy, F. , Bannani, F. and A. Alotaibi, O. (2018) Elemental Compositions of Some Eye Shadow Products Marketed in Saudi Arabia. (scirp.org)
  • Substituting methylphenidate products on an mg-per-mg basis is not possible owing to their varying pharmacokinetic profiles and methylphenidate base compositions. (medscape.com)
  • Products listed on the WHO Prequalification list with the note "USFDA" have been added to the list of products prequalified by WHO based on the scientific assessment and inspections conducted by the USFDA. (who.int)
20202
  • September 2, 2020 - Unlike most design software, Figma is free and browser-based so developers can easily access the full design files making the developer handoff process significantly smoother. (smashingmagazine.com)
  • AMRA, in partnership with Linköping University, utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify associations between adverse muscle composition (AMC), functional performance, and metabolic comorbidities in patients with obesity and will share the results at the European and International Congress on Obesity 2020, 1-4 September. (amramedical.com)
Substance2
  • If you are exposed to a substance such as used information is important because this substance may mineral-based crankcase oil, many factors will harm you. (cdc.gov)
  • The individual ingredient can be either a single substance or a composition in itself. (uspto.gov)
Proposals1
  • Previous proposals for predicate compositions of this kind, the most recent one being that of Ambrona et al. (iacr.org)
Scheme2
  • We present several transformations that combine a set of attribute-based encryption (ABE) schemes for simpler predicates into a new ABE scheme for more expressive composed predicates. (iacr.org)
  • This column examines a place-based bonus depreciation scheme in Japan which granted high-tech manufacturers immediate cost deductions from their corporate income tax bill. (cepr.org)
Food3
  • However, the rapid growth of this market, strictly based on first generation biofuels, brought along a series of environmental and socioeconomic impacts derived from the competition with food crops such as land use change, rising food and feed prices, and poor greenhouse gas emission savings [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The CPI is based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, and fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors' and dentists' services, drugs, and the other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. (bls.gov)
  • [8] Prior to 1950, interest in plant-based meat substitutes came from vegetarians searching for alternatives to meat protein for ethical reasons, and regular meat-eaters who were confronted with food shortages during World War I and World War II . (wikipedia.org)
Update: Influenza Activity - United States and Worldwide, 1998-99 Season, and Composition of the 1999-2000 Influenza Vaccine
Update: Influenza Activity - United States and Worldwide, 1998-99 Season, and Composition of the 1999-2000 Influenza Vaccine (cdc.gov)
Update: Influenza Activity --- United States and Worldwide, 1999--2000 Season, and Composition of the 2000--01 Influenza...
Update: Influenza Activity --- United States and Worldwide, 1999--2000 Season, and Composition of the 2000--01 Influenza... (cdc.gov)
Update: Influenza Activity -- United States and Worldwide, 1997-98 Season, and Composition of the 1998-99 Influenza Vaccine
Update: Influenza Activity -- United States and Worldwide, 1997-98 Season, and Composition of the 1998-99 Influenza Vaccine (cdc.gov)
Blouson biker similicuir racing - Homme | Bershka
Blouson biker similicuir racing - Homme | Bershka (bershka.com)
Cake Bases, Creams, and Composition - San Francisco Baking Institute
Cake Bases, Creams, and Composition - San Francisco Baking Institute (sfbi.com)
Classic Milk Filling | Barry Callebaut
Classic Milk Filling | Barry Callebaut (barry-callebaut.com)
Pink floral stud earrings | V&A Shop
Pink floral stud earrings | V&A Shop (vam.ac.uk)
Drone anti-frelons sur base DJI M300 RTK
Drone anti-frelons sur base DJI M300 RTK (studiosport.fr)
Olivier Messiaen - Musicien - Base de données musicale - Radio Swiss Jazz
Olivier Messiaen - Musicien - Base de données musicale - Radio Swiss Jazz (radioswissjazz.ch)
Recherche de documents | Ineris
Recherche de documents | Ineris (ineris.fr)
Generalized Lipodystrophy: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Lipoatrophic Diabetes
Generalized Lipodystrophy: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Lipoatrophic Diabetes (emedicine.medscape.com)
Scarlet Red Polo With Tricolour Detail - Polos & T-shirts for Men | Moncler LV
Scarlet Red Polo With Tricolour Detail - Polos & T-shirts for Men | Moncler LV (moncler.com)
Wisteria Lilac Logo T-Shirt - Polos & T-shirts for Children | Moncler SK
Wisteria Lilac Logo T-Shirt - Polos & T-shirts for Children | Moncler SK (moncler.com)
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Black Wool V-Neck Jumper - Sweaters & Cardigans for Women | Moncler SK (moncler.com)
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Black & White Carded Wool Jumper - Sweaters & Cardigans for Men | Moncler MT (moncler.com)
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Beige Logo Outline T-Shirt - Polos & T-shirts for Men | Moncler DK (moncler.com)
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Black Logo T-Shirt - 2 Moncler 1952 Man for Genius | Moncler MT (moncler.com)
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Night Blue Logo Baseball Cap - Hats & Beanies for Men | Moncler SK (moncler.com)
Milk White Graphic Motif Long Sleeve T-Shirt - Polos & T-shirts for Children | Moncler DK
Milk White Graphic Motif Long Sleeve T-Shirt - Polos & T-shirts for Children | Moncler DK (moncler.com)
White Wool Cape - Capes for Women | Moncler NL
White Wool Cape - Capes for Women | Moncler NL (moncler.com)
Bluette Duck Motif T-Shirt - Polos & T-shirts for Men | Moncler LT
Bluette Duck Motif T-Shirt - Polos & T-shirts for Men | Moncler LT (moncler.com)
Black Zip-Up Hoodie - Sweatshirts for Women | Moncler LT
Black Zip-Up Hoodie - Sweatshirts for Women | Moncler LT (moncler.com)
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Steeple grey Cotton Jersey T-Shirt - Tops & T-Shirts for Women | Moncler LT (moncler.com)
KETTLEBELL 4KG FONTE ET BASE CAOUTCHOUC CORENGTH | Decathlon
KETTLEBELL 4KG FONTE ET BASE CAOUTCHOUC CORENGTH | Decathlon (decathlon.fr)
Ramen japonais déshydraté 69g | Cuisine du monde | Biocoop
Ramen japonais déshydraté 69g | Cuisine du monde | Biocoop (biocoop.fr)
Filets de maquereaux au naturel 95g | Conserves de poissons | Biocoop
Filets de maquereaux au naturel 95g | Conserves de poissons | Biocoop (biocoop.fr)
Oversized Square Sunglasses With Pearl Detail - Ready-to-Wear | Carolina Herrera
Oversized Square Sunglasses With Pearl Detail - Ready-to-Wear | Carolina Herrera (carolinaherrera.com)
Marechiaro Compositions MH10 - Matter
Marechiaro Compositions MH10 - Matter (mattermatters.com)