Bartonella quintana
Trench Fever
Bartonella
Bartonella Infections
Bartonella henselae
Pediculus
Angiomatosis, Bacillary
Phthiraptera
Cat-Scratch Disease
Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne
Arthropod Vectors
Bartonellaceae
Bartonella bacilliformis
Lice Infestations
Rickettsia felis
Endocarditis, Bacterial
Rickettsiaceae
Bacteremia
DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
Heart Valves
Coxiella burnetii
Hemin
Cats
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Cat Diseases
Culture of Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae from human samples: a 5-year experience (1993 to 1998). (1/97)
Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae are fastidious gram-negative bacteria responsible for bacillary angiomatosis, trench fever, cat scratch disease, and endocarditis. During a 5-year period, we received 2,043 samples for culture of Bartonella sp. We found Bartonella sp. to be the etiologic agent in 38 cases of endocarditis, 78 cases of cat scratch disease, 16 cases of bacteremia in homeless people, and 7 cases of bacillary angiomatosis. We correlated the results of positive cultures with the clinical form of the disease, type of sample, culture procedure, PCR-based genomic detection, and antibody determination. Seventy-two isolates of B. quintana and nine isolates of B. henselae from 43 patients were obtained. Sixty-three of the B. quintana isolates and two of the B. henselae isolates, obtained from patients with no prior antibiotic therapy, were stably subcultured. The sensitivity of culture was low when compared with that of PCR-based detection methods in valves of patients with endocarditis (44 and 81%, respectively), skin biopsy samples of patients with bacillary angiomatosis (43 and 100%, respectively), and lymph nodes of cat scratch disease (13 and 30%, respectively). Serological diagnosis was also more sensitive in cases of endocarditis (97%) and cat scratch disease (90%). Among endocarditis patients, the sensitivity of the shell vial culture assay was 28% when inoculated with blood samples and 44% when inoculated with valvular biopsy samples, and the sensitivity of both was significantly higher than that of culture on agar (5% for blood [P = 0.045] and 4% for valve biopsy samples [P < 0.0005]). The most efficient culture procedure was the subculture of blood culture broth into shell vials (sensitivity, 71%). For patients with endocarditis, previous antibiotic therapy significantly affected results of blood culture; no patient who had been administered antibiotics yielded a positive blood culture, whereas 80% of patients with no previous antibiotic therapy yielded positive blood cultures (P = 0.0006). Previous antibiotic therapy did not, however, prevent isolation of Bartonella sp. from cardiac valves but did prevent the establishment of strains, as none of the 15 isolates from treated patients could be successfully subcultured. For the diagnosis of B. quintana bacteremia in homeless people, the efficiency of systematic subculture of blood culture broth onto agar was higher than that of direct blood plating (respective sensitivities, 98 and 10% [P < 10(-7)]). Nevertheless, both procedures are complementary, since when used together their sensitivity reached 100%. All homeless people with positive blood cultures had negative serology. The isolation rate of B. henselae from PCR-positive lymph nodes, in patients with cat scratch disease, was significantly lower than that from valves of endocarditis patients and skin biopsy samples from bacillary angiomatosis patients (13 and 33%, respectively [P = 0.084]). In cases of bacillary angiomatosis for which an agent was identified to species level, the isolation rate of B. henselae was lower than the isolation rate of B. quintana (28 and 64%, respectively [P = 0.003]). If culture is to be considered an efficient tool for the diagnosis of several Bartonella-related diseases, methodologies need to be improved, notably for the recovery of B. henselae from lymph nodes of patients with cat scratch disease. (+info)Seroprevalence of Bartonella henselae in cats in Germany. (2/97)
Bartonella henselae and B. quintana infections in man are associated with various clinical manifestations including cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis and bacteraemia. While cats are the natural reservoir for B. henselae, the source of B. quintana is unclear. In this study, the sera of 713 cats from Germany were examined for the presence of antibodies against B. henselae, B. quintana or Afipia felis by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Bartonella-specific antibody titres of > or =50 were found in 15.0% of the cats. There was substantial cross-reactivity among the various Bartonella antigens, although single sera showed high titres against B. henselae but not against B. quintana and vice versa. Antibodies against A. felis were not detected in any of these cats. Statistical analysis indicated that there is no correlation between Bartonella infections and the sex, age or breed of the cat or its hunting behavior. There was also no correlation between bartonella and toxoplasma infections in cats. However, whereas 16.8% of cats from northern Germany had B. quintana-specific antibodies, only 8.0% of cats from southern Germany were seropositive for B. quintana. No statistically significant difference was found for B. henselae. IFA-positive and IFA-negative sera were used for immunoblot analysis including B. henselae and B. quintana. Marked reactivity was observed with protein bands at 80, 76, 73, 65, 37, 33 and 15 kDa. The results of this study suggest that B. henselae, and possibly a B. quintana-related pathogen, but not A. felis, are common in cats in Germany, and that there are differences in the geographic distribution of bartonella infections in cats. (+info)Semiquantitative species-specific detection of Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana by PCR-enzyme immunoassay. (3/97)
Bartonella henselae is the main causative agent of cat-scratch disease, and both B. henselae and Bartonella quintana cause angioproliferative disorders such as bacillary angiomatosis. To increase the sensitivity of Bartonella detection by PCR and to improve the species differentiation, we developed a semiquantitative, species-specific PCR-based enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The 16S rRNA gene was selected as the target sequence. Internal nucleotide sequences derived from the amplified 16S rRNA region were used to develop species-specific oligonucleotide probes for B. henselae and B. quintana. Biotin-labeled PCR products were immobilized on streptavidin-coated microtiter plates, hybridized to a digoxigenin-labeled probe, and detected with antidigoxigenin peroxidase conjugate. No cross-hybridization with other Bartonella or non-Bartonella species was observed. This EIA was as sensitive as dot blot hybridization and was 10 times more sensitive than visualization of PCR products on agarose gels. Serial dilutions of B. henselae and B. quintana suspensions demonstrated that an optical density (OD) of approximately 0.200 was equivalent to 5 CFU in the reaction mixture. By comparing the OD of the bacterial dilutions with that obtained from clinical specimens we could determine that the number of CFU in clinical samples ranged from 10(3) to 10(6) CFU/ml. The PCR-EIA developed in the present study is a rapid, sensitive, and simple method for the diagnosis of B. henselae and B. quintana infections. (+info)Species-specific monoclonal antibodies for rapid identification of Bartonella quintana. (4/97)
Seven species-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to Bartonella quintana were produced and characterized. The MAbs were of the immunoglobulin G class and reacted only with 13 B. quintana strains in indirect microimmunofluorescence and Western immunoblotting assays. They did not react with eight other Bartonella spp., including Bartonella henselae, the most closely related species, and a selected MAb did also not react with nine other strains of gram-negative bacteria. The MAbs reacted mainly with a 34-kDa protein epitope of B. quintana which was shown to be species specific by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Four of five body lice experimentally infected with B. quintana were found to be positive for the organism in microimmunofluorescence assays with one MAb. These MAbs may provide a specific, simple, rapid, and low-cost tool for the identification of B. quintana and the diagnosis of infections due to the microorganism. (+info)In vitro activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647) against Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia africae, Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsia prowazekii, Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella henselae, Bartonella quintana, Bartonella bacilliformis, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis. (5/97)
In vitro activities of telithromycin compared to those of erythromycin against Rickettsia spp., Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis were determined. Telithromycin was more active than erythromycin against Rickettsia, Bartonella, and Coxiella burnetii, with MICs of 0.5 microg/ml, 0.003 to 0.015 microg/ml, and 1 microg/ml, respectively, but was inactive against Ehrlichia chaffeensis. (+info)Bartonella quintana and urban trench fever. (6/97)
Contemporary Bartonella quintana infections have emerged in diverse regions of the world, predominantly involving socially disadvantaged persons. Available data suggest that the human body louse Pediculus humanus is the vector for transmission of B. quintana. Descriptions of the clinical manifestations associated with contemporary B. quintana infections have varied considerably and include asymptomatic infection, a relapsing febrile illness, headache, leg pain, "culture-negative" endocarditis, and, in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons, bacillary angiomatosis. Laboratory diagnosis is most convincing when B. quintana is isolated in blood culture, but growth often takes 20-40 days; problems exist with both sensitivity and specificity of serological assays. On the basis of available information, use of doxycycline, erythromycin, or azithromycin to treat B. quintana infections is recommended. Treatment of uncomplicated B. quintana bacteremia for 4-6 weeks and treatment of B. quintana endocarditis (in a person who does not undergo valve surgery) for 4-6 months are recommended, with the addition of a bactericidal agent (such as a third-generation cephalosporin or an aminoglycoside) during the initial 2-3 weeks of therapy for endocarditis. (+info)Hemin-binding surface protein from Bartonella quintana. (7/97)
Bartonella quintana, the agent of trench fever and a cause of endocarditis and bacillary angiomatosis in humans, has the highest reported in vitro hemin requirement for any bacterium. We determined that eight membrane-associated proteins from B. quintana bind hemin and that a approximately 25-kDa protein (HbpA) was the dominant hemin-binding protein. Like many outer membrane proteins, HbpA partitions to the detergent phase of a Triton X-114 extract of the cell and is heat modifiable, displaying an apparent molecular mass shift from approximately 25 to 30 kDa when solubilized at 100 degrees C. Immunoblots of purified outer and inner membranes and immunoelectron microscopy with whole cells show that HbpA is strictly located in the outer membrane and surface exposed, respectively. The N-terminal sequence of mature HbpA was determined and used to clone the HbpA-encoding gene (hbpA) from a lambda genomic library. The hbpA gene is 816 bp in length, encoding a predicted immature protein of approximately 29.3 kDa and a mature protein of 27.1 kDa. A Fur box homolog with 53% identity to the Escherichia coli Fur consensus is located upstream of hbpA and may be involved in regulating expression. BLAST searches indicate that the closest homologs to HbpA include the Bartonella henselae phage-associated membrane protein, Pap31 (58.4% identity), and the OMP31 porin from Brucella melitensis (31.7% identity). High-stringency Southern blots indicate that all five pathogenic Bartonella spp. possess hbpA homologs. Recombinant HbpA can bind hemin in vitro; however, it does not confer a hemin-binding phenotype upon E. coli. Intact B. quintana treated with purified anti-HbpA Fab fragments show a significant (P < 0.004) dose-dependent decrease in hemin binding relative to controls, suggesting that HbpA plays an active role in hemin acquisition and therefore pathogenesis. HbpA is the first potential virulence determinant characterized from B. quintana. (+info)Use of rpoB gene analysis for detection and identification of Bartonella species. (8/97)
Identification of Bartonella species is of increasing importance as the number of infections in which these bacteria are involved increases. To date, these gram-negative bacilli have been identified by various serological, biochemical, and genotypic methods. However, the development of alternative tools is required, principally to circumvent a major risk of contamination during sample manipulation. The aim of our study was to investigate the possible identification of various Bartonella species by comparison of RNA polymerase beta-subunit gene (rpoB) sequences. This approach has previously been shown to be useful for the identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (C. M. Mollet, M. Drancourt, and D. Raoult, Mol. Microbiol. 26:1005-1011, 1997). Following PCR amplification with specific oligonucleotides, a 825-bp region of the rpoB gene was sequenced from 13 distinct Bartonella strains. Analysis of these sequences allowed selection of three restriction enzymes (ApoI, AluI, and AflIII) useful for discerning the different strains by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. To confirm the potential value of such an approach for identification of Bartonella, the rpoB PCR was then applied to 94 clinical samples, and the results obtained were identical to those obtained by our reference PCR method. Twenty-four isolates were also adequately identified by PCR-RFLP analysis. In all cases, our results were in accordance with those of the reference method. Moreover, conserved regions of DNA were chosen as suitable primer targets for PCR amplification of a 439-bp fragment which can be easily sequenced. (+info)What are some ways that modern medicine has improved upon the treatment of trench fever from World War I?
Modern medicine has made significant improvements in the treatment of trench fever since World War I. Here are some of the key advancements:
1. Antibiotics: During World War I, sulfonamides were used to treat trench fever, but these drugs were not very effective and often caused allergic reactions. Today, we have a range of more effective antibiotics, such as doxycycline and ciprofloxacin, which can effectively treat trench fever.
2. Supportive care: In World War I, supportive care was limited, and patients often had to endure severe symptoms with little relief. Today, supportive care has improved significantly, including the use of pain management techniques, hydration, and nutritional support to help manage symptoms and speed up recovery.
3. Diagnostic advancements: In World War I, trench fever was often misdiagnosed or undiagnosed, leading to inadequate treatment. Today, we have more sophisticated diagnostic tools, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, which can quickly and accurately diagnose trench fever.
4. Better understanding of the disease: We now know more about the bacteria that cause trench fever and how it spreads, which has led to improved prevention and control measures. This includes the use of insecticides to kill body lice and the development of vaccines to protect against Bartonella infections.
5. Improved sanitation and hygiene: Good sanitation and hygiene practices are critical in controlling the spread of trench fever. In World War I, these practices were often lacking, leading to the spread of disease. Today, we have a much greater emphasis on proper handwashing, clean water, and waste disposal, which helps reduce the risk of infection.
In conclusion, while trench fever is still a serious illness today, advances in medicine and public health have significantly improved our ability to prevent, diagnose, and treat it. This has saved countless lives and reduced the impact of this disease on military personnel and civilian populations alike.
The symptoms of angiomatosis, bacillary can vary depending on the location and size of the angiomas, but they may include:
* Red or purple discoloration of the skin
* Swelling or lumps under the skin
* Pain or tenderness in the affected area
* Warmth or redness around the angioma
Angiomatosis, bacillary is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests (such as blood tests or biopsies). Treatment typically involves antibiotics to eradicate the bacterial infection. In some cases, surgical removal of the angioma may be necessary.
Prevention of angiomatosis, bacillary is aimed at avoiding contact with cat scratches or bites, and good hygiene practices (such as washing hands frequently) can help reduce the risk of infection. Vaccination against Bartonella henselae is not currently available for humans, but it is recommended for cats to prevent the spread of the bacteria.
The prognosis for angiomatosis, bacillary is generally good if treated promptly and effectively. However, in rare cases, the condition can progress to more severe forms, such as cat scratch disease or bartonellosis, which can have serious complications if left untreated.
In more detail, the definition of 'Cat-Scratch Disease' in the medical field can be broken down into the following components:
1. Cat scratch or bite: The disease is transmitted to humans through the scratch or bite of an infected cat.
2. Bartonella henselae: The bacteria that causes the disease is Bartonella henselae.
3. Infected cats: The disease is typically found in domestic and wild cats, as well as in their fleas and lice.
4. Variety of symptoms: CDS can cause a range of symptoms including fever, headache, swollen lymph nodes, and skin lesions.
5. Diagnosis based on clinical presentation and laboratory tests: The diagnosis is based on a combination of the patient's symptoms, laboratory tests such as blood cultures and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serology.
6. Supportive treatment: Treatment for CDS is primarily supportive, with antibiotics reserved for severe cases or those with complications.
7. More common in children: Children are more susceptible to CDS than adults, as they are more likely to come into contact with infected cats and have a weaker immune system.
A group of infectious diseases caused by Rickettsia prowazekii and transmitted to humans through the bite of infected body lice. The three forms of epidemic typhus are:
1. Classic typhus fever, which is characterized by a sudden onset of fever, headache, myalgia, and a rash that appears on the fourth or fifth day of illness.
2. Brilliant's disease, which is similar to classic typhus fever but with a more rapid onset and a higher mortality rate.
3. Endemic typhus, which is a mild form of the disease that occurs in areas where the disease is constantly present.
Epidemic louse-borne typhus has been known to occur in areas of poverty, poor hygiene, and overcrowding, such as refugee camps, homeless shelters, and prisons. The disease is typically treated with antibiotics, and prevention measures include using insecticides to kill body lice and improving living conditions to reduce the risk of transmission.
Lice infestations refer to the presence of parasitic insects, known as lice, on the human body. These infestations can affect both children and adults and are typically caused by head lice, body lice, or pubic lice. Lice feed on human blood and can cause itching, inflammation, and skin irritation.
There are three main types of lice infestations:
1. Head lice infestations: These are the most common type of lice infestation and affect the hair and scalp. Head lice are small, wingless insects that feed on human blood.
2. Body lice infestations: These affect the skin and clothing, and are typically found in areas where hygiene is poor or where individuals are unable to keep their bodies clean.
3. Pubic lice infestations: These affect the pubic area and are typically spread through sexual contact.
Lice infestations can be treated with over-the-counter or prescription medications, such as permethrin or ivermectin. In addition to treating the infestation, it is important to also treat any underlying conditions that may be contributing to the infestation, such as poor hygiene or malnutrition.
In addition to these medical definitions, there are also several slang terms and phrases that are used to describe lice infestations, including "cooties," "nitwits," and "pediculosis." These terms are often used in a derogatory manner to refer to individuals who have lice infestations.
It's important to note that lice infestations can be a source of embarrassment and stigma, and individuals who have them may be subject to social exclusion or discrimination. However, it is important to remember that lice infestations are a common condition that can affect anyone, regardless of their background or socioeconomic status.
Overall, the medical definition of lice infestations refers to the presence of parasitic insects on the human body, and the condition can be treated with medication and good hygiene practices. It's important to approach individuals with lice infestations with compassion and understanding, rather than stigma or discrimination.
Causes and risk factors:
The most common cause of bacterial endocarditis is a bacterial infection that enters the bloodstream and travels to the heart. This can occur through various means, such as:
* Injecting drugs or engaging in other risky behaviors that allow bacteria to enter the body
* Having a weakened immune system due to illness or medication
* Having a previous history of endocarditis or other heart conditions
* Being over the age of 60, as older adults are at higher risk for developing endocarditis
Symptoms:
The symptoms of bacterial endocarditis can vary depending on the severity of the infection and the location of the infected area. Some common symptoms include:
* Fever
* Chills
* Joint pain or swelling
* Fatigue
* Shortness of breath
* Heart murmurs or abnormal heart sounds
Diagnosis:
Bacterial endocarditis is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as:
* Blood cultures to identify the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream
* Echocardiogram to visualize the heart and detect any abnormalities
* Chest X-ray to look for signs of infection or inflammation in the lungs or heart
* Electrocardiogram (ECG) to measure the electrical activity of the heart
Treatment:
The treatment of bacterial endocarditis typically involves a combination of antibiotics and surgery. Antibiotics are used to kill the bacteria and reduce inflammation, while surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged heart tissue. In some cases, the infected heart tissue may need to be removed.
Prevention:
Preventing bacterial endocarditis involves good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and avoiding certain high-risk activities such as unprotected sex or sharing of needles. People with existing heart conditions should also take antibiotics before dental or medical procedures to reduce the risk of infection.
Prognosis:
The prognosis for bacterial endocarditis is generally good if treatment is prompt and effective. However, delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to serious complications such as heart failure, stroke, or death. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions are at higher risk for complications.
Incidence:
Bacterial endocarditis is a relatively rare condition, affecting approximately 2-5 cases per million people per year in the United States. However, people with certain risk factors such as heart conditions or prosthetic heart valves are at higher risk for developing the infection.
Complications:
Bacterial endocarditis can lead to a number of complications, including:
* Heart failure
* Stroke or brain abscess
* Kidney damage or failure
* Pregnancy complications
* Nerve damage or peripheral neuropathy
* Skin or soft tissue infections
* Bone or joint infections
* Septicemia (blood poisoning)
Prevention:
Preventive measures for bacterial endocarditis include:
* Good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups to reduce the risk of dental infections
* Avoiding high-risk activities such as unprotected sex or sharing of needles
* Antibiotics before dental or medical procedures for patients with existing heart conditions
* Proper sterilization and disinfection of medical equipment
* Use of antimicrobial prophylaxis (prevention) in high-risk patients.
Emerging Trends:
Newly emerging trends in the management of bacterial endocarditis include:
* The use of novel antibiotics and combination therapy to improve treatment outcomes
* The development of new diagnostic tests to help identify the cause of infection more quickly and accurately
* The increased use of preventive measures such as antibiotic prophylaxis in high-risk patients.
Future Directions:
Future directions for research on bacterial endocarditis may include:
* Investigating the use of novel diagnostic techniques, such as genomics and proteomics, to improve the accuracy of diagnosis
* Developing new antibiotics and combination therapies to improve treatment outcomes
* Exploring alternative preventive measures such as probiotics and immunotherapy.
In conclusion, bacterial endocarditis is a serious infection that can have severe consequences if left untreated. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Preventive measures such as good oral hygiene and antibiotic prophylaxis can help reduce the risk of developing this condition. Ongoing research is focused on improving diagnostic techniques, developing new treatments, and exploring alternative preventive measures.
Bacteremia can occur when bacteria enter the bloodstream through various means, such as:
* Infected wounds or surgical sites
* Injecting drug use
* Skin infections
* Respiratory tract infections
* Urinary tract infections
* Endocarditis (infection of the heart valves)
The symptoms of bacteremia can vary depending on the type of bacteria and the severity of the infection. Some common symptoms include:
* Fever
* Chills
* Headache
* Muscle aches
* Weakness
* Confusion
* Shortness of breath
Bacteremia is diagnosed by blood cultures, which involve collecting blood samples and inserting them into a specialized container to grow the bacteria. Treatment typically involves antibiotics and supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and oxygen therapy. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat the infection.
Prevention measures for bacteremia include:
* Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly
* Avoiding sharing personal items like toothbrushes or razors
* Properly cleaning and covering wounds
* Getting vaccinated against infections that can lead to bacteremia
* Following proper sterilization techniques during medical procedures
Overall, bacteremia is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention to prevent complications and ensure effective treatment.
1. Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV): This is a highly contagious virus that weakens the immune system, making cats more susceptible to other infections and cancer.
2. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): Similar to HIV in humans, this virus attacks the immune system and can lead to a range of secondary infections and diseases.
3. Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP): A viral disease that causes fluid accumulation in the abdomen and chest, leading to difficulty breathing and abdominal pain.
4. Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD): A group of conditions that affect the bladder and urethra, including urinary tract infections and kidney stones.
5. Feline Diabetes: Cats can develop diabetes, which can lead to a range of complications if left untreated, including urinary tract infections, kidney disease, and blindness.
6. Feline Hyperthyroidism: An overactive thyroid gland that can cause weight loss, anxiety, and heart problems if left untreated.
7. Feline Cancer: Cats can develop various types of cancer, including lymphoma, leukemia, and skin cancer.
8. Dental disease: Cats are prone to dental problems, such as tartar buildup, gum disease, and tooth resorption.
9. Obesity: A common problem in cats, obesity can lead to a range of health issues, including diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease.
10. Behavioral disorders: Cats can develop behavioral disorders such as anxiety, stress, and aggression, which can impact their quality of life and relationships with humans.
It's important to note that many of these diseases can be prevented or managed with proper care, including regular veterinary check-ups, vaccinations, parasite control, a balanced diet, exercise, and mental stimulation. Additionally, early detection and treatment can significantly improve the outcome for cats with health issues.
Bartonella quintana
Bartonella apis
Bartonella
Trench fever
Bartonella vinsonii
Bacillary angiomatosis
Bartonella henselae
BH11960
Head lice infestation
List of sequenced bacterial genomes
Zoonosis
Barry Pittendrigh
Relapsing fever
Body louse
Bartonella rochalimae
List of clinically important bacteria
Αr45 RNA
Bartonellosis
List of MeSH codes (B03)
Quintana
Cat-scratch disease
Marsh rice rat
Drosophila quinaria species group
Infective endocarditis
Bartonella quintana infection | Bartonella | CDC
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Henselae16
- berkhoffii ( 2 ), B. clarridgeiae ( 3 ), and B. washoensis ( 4 ) cause endocarditis in dogs, B. henselae and B. quintana are the most common species that cause endocarditis in humans ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- Bartonella henselae causes cat scratch disease (CSD) and peliosis of the liver (often called bacillary peliosis). (medscape.com)
- [ 3 ] Both B henselae and B quintana may cause bacillary angiomatosis , infections in homeless populations, and infections in patients with HIV. (medscape.com)
- Because lysis-centrifugation blood cultures show enhanced isolation of B henselae and B quintana, intracellular forms are most likely present in humans. (medscape.com)
- B henselae and B quintana may stain positively with a specific antiserum against the cat scratch bacillus. (medscape.com)
- Molecular detection of Bartonella henselae for the diagnosis of cat scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis of the conjunctiva. (medscape.com)
- 2. [Bartonellosis: I. Bartonella henselae]. (nih.gov)
- 7. [Bartonella henselae and its infections]. (nih.gov)
- 9. [Bartonella henselae, an ubiquitous agent of proteiform zoonotic disease]. (nih.gov)
- 11. Bartonella henselae-mediated disease in solid organ transplant recipients: two pediatric cases and a literature review. (nih.gov)
- 12. Beyond cat scratch disease: widening spectrum of Bartonella henselae infection. (nih.gov)
- 14. Bartonella henselae infections in solid organ transplant recipients: report of 5 cases and review of the literature. (nih.gov)
- 16. Culture of Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae from human samples: a 5-year experience (1993 to 1998). (nih.gov)
- Previous studies on Bartonella henselae (B. henselae for short), the bacterium responsible for the cat-scratch disease, have shown that it can directly "inject" proteins that inhibit programmed cell death (apoptosis) into the endothelial cells. (scitechdaily.com)
- We report that cat or dog ownership is not associated with an increased seroprevalence of antibodies to Anaplasma phagozytophilum , Coxiella burnetii , and Bartonella henselae in symptom-free persons in Styria, Austria. (cdc.gov)
- Examples for such infections include human granulocytic ehrlichiosis ( Anaplasma phagocytophilum ), cat-scratch disease (CSD, Bartonella henselae ), and Q fever ( Coxiella burnetii ). (cdc.gov)
Bartonellosis4
- Bartonellosis comprises infections caused by pathogens in the genus Bartonella . (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] Candidatus Bartonella mayotimonensis and Candidatus Bartonella melophagi were respectively isolated from the aortic valve of a patient with culture-negative endocarditis and the blood of two patients with symptoms consistent with bartonellosis. (medscape.com)
- Bacteria of the genus Bartonella are parasites that can be transmitted to humans via insect bites and animal scratches, resulting in an infection known as "bartonellosis. (scitechdaily.com)
- Cat-scratch disease and trench fever are forms of bartonellosis caused by different Bartonella species infecting humans. (scitechdaily.com)
Bacilliformis3
- The name Bartonia, later Bartonella bacilliformis, was used for the only member of the group identified before 1993. (medscape.com)
- The transmission of Bartonella species occurs by traumatic contact with infected animals or by vectors like cat fleas or other blood-sucking arthropods (eg, sand fly, Phlebotomus for B bacilliformis ). (medscape.com)
- The organisms causing bacillary angiomatosis resemble the agent of verruga peruana and Oroya fever, Bartonella bacilliformis, in producing a histologically similar vascular proliferation, in having a gram-negative wall structure (as observed using electron microscopy), and in tending to grow in clumps visible by light microscopy. (medscape.com)
Rochalimaea3
Bacteria5
- Although a variety of bacteria can be isolated with routine blood cultures, Bartonella spp. (cdc.gov)
- Although these organisms were originally thought to be rickettsiae, Bartonella bacteria can be grown on artificial media, unlike rickettsiae. (medscape.com)
- Scientists gain insights into how pathogenic bacteria of the genus Bartonella give rise to lesions in the human body, opening new avenues in modern medicine. (scitechdaily.com)
- Bartonella bacteria can cause lesions to pop up in the skin and internal organs. (scitechdaily.com)
- This study identifies the molecular mechanism by which Bartonella bacteria cause lesions to appear over a patient's body. (scitechdaily.com)
Species8
- As with many Bartonella species, B. quintana can sometimes cause infection of the heart valves (endocarditis). (cdc.gov)
- Serology can aid the diagnosis of B. quintana, although cross-reactivity with other Bartonella species may limit interpretation. (cdc.gov)
- Providers should be aware that serological tests do not reliably differentiate among Bartonella species and positive results may persist for years even after effective treatment. (cdc.gov)
- Almost 20 species belong to the genus Bartonella . (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] Three Bartonella species are currently considered important causes of human disease, but other significant human pathogens in this genus were found to causes disease in humans occasionally. (medscape.com)
- [ 6 ] Numerous other Bartonella species that can potentially cause human disease have been discovered in ticks. (medscape.com)
- Erythrocytes may serve as a reservoir for Bartonella species. (medscape.com)
- 3. [Cat-scratch disease and other infections caused by Bartonella species]. (nih.gov)
Trench3
- During the first World War, infection with B. quintana was referred to as "trench fever" due to the many cases among soldiers who lived in crowded trenches in poor hygienic conditions. (cdc.gov)
- Bartonella quintana causes trench fever . (medscape.com)
- In the last set of experiments, we performed similar studies in a related bacterium called Bartonella quintana, the bacterium that causes trench fever, and we found that it produces its own version of BafA that also causes human endothelial cells to multiply," explains Dr. Tsukamoto. (scitechdaily.com)
Bacteremia3
Molecular2
Seroprevalence1
- Survey of the seroprevalence of Bartonella quintana in homeless people. (ajtmh.org)
Bacterium1
- B. quintana is a fastidious, slow-growing bacterium. (cdc.gov)
Verruga peruana1
- Candidatus Bartonella ancashi was isolated from the blood of a patient with verruga peruana in Peru. (medscape.com)
Antibodies1
- Persons who are indigent in inner-city Seattle were evaluated for antibodies to B quintana . (medscape.com)
Disease2
- B quintana is emerging as a recognized cause of disease among homeless persons and persons with AIDS. (medscape.com)
- Bartonella-related pseudomembranous angiomatous papillomatosis of the oral cavity associated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and oral graft-versus-host disease. (medscape.com)
Infection occurs1
- B. quintana infection occurs worldwide. (cdc.gov)
Liver1
- 13. Disseminated Bartonella infection following liver transplantation. (nih.gov)
Endocarditis2
- We provide the first evidence that Bartonella quintana can infect dogs and cause typical signs of endocarditis. (cdc.gov)
- Using PCR and sequencing, we identified B. quintana in the blood of a dog from the United States with aortic valve endocarditis and probably also in the mitral valve of a dog from New Zealand with endocarditis. (cdc.gov)
Human1
- People can get Bartonella quintana from the bite of the human body louse. (cdc.gov)
Body1
- B. quintana infection is most commonly associated with body louse infestations in areas of high population density and poor sanitation. (cdc.gov)
Forms1
- B quintana also invades endothelial cells and forms bacterial aggregates that are taken internally by the invasome, a unique phagosomal structure. (medscape.com)
Growth1
- It is often helpful for providers to alert the microbiology laboratory that B. quintana is suspected to optimize conditions for growth. (cdc.gov)
Treatment1
- Infection with B. quintana requires antibiotic treatment. (cdc.gov)
Polymerase chain re3
- Walls T, Moshal K, Trounce J, Hartley J, Harris K, Davies G. Broad-range polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of Bartonella henselae endocarditis. (medscape.com)
- We identified a Bartonella quintana strain by polymerase chain reaction amplification, cloning, and sequencing of DNA extracted from lysed erythrocytes and cultured colonies grown from peripheral blood collected from a captive-bred cynomolgus monkey ( Macaca fascicularis ). (cdc.gov)
- This study reports on the validation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction test targeting the vomp region of Bartonella quintana. (cdc.gov)
Trench fever3
- Although poverty and chronic alcoholism have been associated with modern cases of trench fever and bacteremia due to B. quintana in Europe and the United States, vectors for B. quintana have not been clearly identified and B. quintana has not been isolated from modern-day lice. (nih.gov)
- Bartonella quintana , transmitted by the human body louse ( Pediculus humanis ), is the etiologic agent for trench fever. (cdc.gov)
- Bartonella quintana causes trench fever . (medscape.com)
Infection6
- B. quintana infection. (cdc.gov)
- This report describes naturally acquired B. quintana infection in a nonhuman primate. (cdc.gov)
- 50 years ago, we report the first naturally occurring infection with B. quintana in a nonhuman primate ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- 13. Disseminated Bartonella infection following liver transplantation. (nih.gov)
- 18. [Bartonella infection]. (nih.gov)
- Molecular diagnosis of Bartonella quintana can aid clinical treatment during acute infection. (cdc.gov)
Endothelial cells2
- In vitro experiments have shown that B. quintana survives within endothelial cells and stimulates cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
- B quintana also invades endothelial cells and forms bacterial aggregates that are taken internally by the invasome, a unique phagosomal structure. (medscape.com)
Bacterial2
- Although intra- and extra-erythrocytic bacterial organisms were confirmed by TEM, and SEM identified numerous pits, the morphologic characteristics were not unique identifiers for Bartonella spp. (cdc.gov)
- A range of bacterial ( Bartonella spp, Mycoplasma spp. (bvsalud.org)
Spectrum1
- Recent molecular biology approaches have allowed dramatic extension of the spectrum of Bartonella infections. (nih.gov)
Isolation1
- Freeze- radically in urban areas, mainly among homeless persons, thawed blood samples were spread onto chocolate agar drug-addicted persons, and HIV-positive patients in Europe plates ( 8 ) for isolation of Bartonella spp. (cdc.gov)
19931
- The name Bartonia, later Bartonella bacilliformis, was used for the only member of the group identified before 1993. (medscape.com)
Sequence2
- Sequence comparison analysis demonstrated a 100% identity to B. quintana . (medscape.com)
- During July 2011-April 2014, a total of 45 blood samples locus sequence typing of the isolates revealed that Japanese macaques were infected with a new and specific B. quintana were collected in EDTA-containing collection tubes from sequence type. (cdc.gov)
Humans3
- B with the Wildlife Protection and Proper Hunting Act, by artonella quintana is the causative agent of trench using large hand-made cage traps and commercial cage fever, which is characterized in humans by headache, traps (no. (cdc.gov)
- Then, CFUs as the only competent vector for B. quintana in humans, 2 per milliliter of blood were calculated. (cdc.gov)
- Bartonella -specific PCRs that targeted the gltA ( 9 ) and Humans were thought to be the unique natural reser- rpoB ( 10 ) genes and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic tran- voir for B. quintana ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Suggest1
- These observations, together with the finding that lesions may regress when antibiotic therapy is administered, strongly suggest that B. quintana itself stimulates angiogenesis. (nih.gov)
Blood1
- Candidatus Bartonella ancashi was isolated from the blood of a patient with verruga peruana in Peru. (medscape.com)
