Barium. Medical search

A compound used as an x-ray contrast medium that occurs in nature as the mineral barite. It is also used in various manufacturing applications and mixed into heavy concrete to serve as a radiation shield.

An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.

Inorganic compounds that contain barium as an integral part of the molecule.

A solution or compound that is introduced into the RECTUM with the purpose of cleansing the COLON or for diagnostic procedures.

An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62.

A pouch or sac opening from the COLON.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the sigmoid flexure.

A genus of BROWN ALGAE in the family Lessoniaceae, and one of the major forms of KELP. The species Macrocystis pyrifera, also known as giant kelp, is the largest of the marine algae.

Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the luminal surface of the colon.

Difficulty in SWALLOWING which may result from neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is classified into two distinct types: oropharyngeal dysphagia due to malfunction of the PHARYNX and UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER; and esophageal dysphagia due to malfunction of the ESOPHAGUS.

Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.

A motility disorder of the ESOPHAGUS in which the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER (near the CARDIA) fails to relax resulting in functional obstruction of the esophagus, and DYSPHAGIA. Achalasia is characterized by a grossly contorted and dilated esophagus (megaesophagus).

Unstable isotopes of barium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ba atoms with atomic weights 126-129, 131, 133, and 139-143 are radioactive barium isotopes.

An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.

Production of an image when x-rays strike a fluorescent screen.

STOMACH herniation located at or near the diaphragmatic opening for the ESOPHAGUS, the esophageal hiatus.

The act of taking solids and liquids into the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT through the mouth and throat.

A genus of BROWN ALGAE in the family Laminariaceae. Dried pencil-like pieces may be inserted in the cervix where they swell as they absorb moisture, serving as osmotic dilators.

Measurement of the pressure or tension of liquids or gases with a manometer.

The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).

The muscular membranous segment between the PHARYNX and the STOMACH in the UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Radiography of the gallbladder after ingestion of a contrast medium.

Cell membrane glycoproteins that are selectively permeable to potassium ions. At least eight major groups of K channels exist and they are made up of dozens of different subunits.

A non-invasive imaging method that uses computed tomographic data combined with specialized imaging software to examine the colon.

Pathological processes in the ESOPHAGUS.

Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.

Saccular protrusion beyond the wall of the ESOPHAGUS.

Identification and measurement of ELEMENTS and their location based on the fact that X-RAYS emitted by an element excited by an electron beam have a wavelength characteristic of that element and an intensity related to its concentration. It is performed with an electron microscope fitted with an x-ray spectrometer, in scanning or transmission mode.

Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of INTESTINAL CONTENTS toward the ANAL CANAL.

A versatile contrast medium used for DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY RADIOLOGY.

Chemical, spectroscopic, or microscopic detection of extremely small amounts of blood.

A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)

A form of intestinal obstruction caused by the PROLAPSE of a part of the intestine into the adjoining intestinal lumen. There are four types: colic, involving segments of the LARGE INTESTINE; enteric, involving only the SMALL INTESTINE; ileocecal, in which the ILEOCECAL VALVE prolapses into the CECUM, drawing the ILEUM along with it; and ileocolic, in which the ileum prolapses through the ileocecal valve into the COLON.

A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency.

Constructions built to access underground water.

Pathological developments in the CECUM.

Inhaling liquid or solids, such as stomach contents, into the RESPIRATORY TRACT. When this causes severe lung damage, it is called ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA.

Gated, ion-selective glycoproteins that traverse membranes. The stimulus for ION CHANNEL GATING can be due to a variety of stimuli such as LIGANDS, a TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE, mechanical deformation or through INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS.

Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL).

Voltage-dependent cell membrane glycoproteins selectively permeable to calcium ions. They are categorized as L-, T-, N-, P-, Q-, and R-types based on the activation and inactivation kinetics, ion specificity, and sensitivity to drugs and toxins. The L- and T-types are present throughout the cardiovascular and central nervous systems and the N-, P-, Q-, & R-types are located in neuronal tissue.

A segment of the COLON between the RECTUM and the descending colon.

A pathological condition characterized by the presence of a number of COLONIC DIVERTICULA in the COLON. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial, including colon aging, motor dysfunction, increases in intraluminal pressure, and lack of dietary fibers.

The distal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE, between the SIGMOID COLON and the ANAL CANAL.

Production of a radiographic image of a small or very thin object on fine-grained photographic film under conditions which permit subsequent microscopic examination or enlargement of the radiograph at linear magnifications of up to several hundred and with a resolution approaching the resolving power of the photographic emulsion (about 1000 lines per millimeter).

Dilatation of the COLON, often to alarming dimensions. There are various types of megacolon including congenital megacolon in HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE, idiopathic megacolon in CONSTIPATION, and TOXIC MEGACOLON.

A class of drugs that act by inhibition of potassium efflux through cell membranes. Blockade of potassium channels prolongs the duration of ACTION POTENTIALS. They are used as ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS and VASODILATOR AGENTS.

Zeolites. A group of crystalline, hydrated alkali-aluminum silicates. They occur naturally in sedimentary and volcanic rocks, altered basalts, ores, and clay deposits. Some 40 known zeolite minerals and a great number of synthetic zeolites are available commercially. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)

Inorganic compounds derived from hydrochloric acid that contain the Cl- ion.

Pathological development in the ILEUM including the ILEOCECAL VALVE.

Substances that are energetically unstable and can produce a sudden expansion of the material, called an explosion, which is accompanied by heat, pressure and noise. Other things which have been described as explosive that are not included here are explosive action of laser heating, human performance, sudden epidemiological outbreaks, or fast cell growth.

Passage of food (sometimes in the form of a test meal) through the gastrointestinal tract as measured in minutes or hours. The rate of passage through the intestine is an indicator of small bowel function.

The fusion of ceramics (porcelain) to an alloy of two or more metals for use in restorative and prosthodontic dentistry. Examples of metal alloys employed include cobalt-chromium, gold-palladium, gold-platinum-palladium, and nickel-based alloys.

One of the POTASSIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS, with secondary effect on calcium currents, which is used mainly as a research tool and to characterize channel subtypes.

Positively charged atoms, radicals or groups of atoms with a valence of plus 2, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis.

Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring.

The black, tarry, foul-smelling FECES that contain degraded blood.

The physiologic or functional barrier to GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX at the esophagogastric junction. Sphincteric muscles remain tonically contracted during the resting state and form the high-pressure zone separating the lumen of the ESOPHAGUS from that of the STOMACH. (Haubrich et al, Bockus Gastroenterology, 5th ed., pp399, 415)

A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)

Discrete tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the COLON. These POLYPS are connected to the wall of the colon either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.

Radiographic visualization of the body between the thorax and the pelvis, i.e., within the peritoneal cavity.

Examination of any part of the body for diagnostic purposes by means of X-RAYS or GAMMA RAYS, recording the image on a sensitized surface (such as photographic film).

Discrete abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the INTESTINE. A polyp is attached to the intestinal wall either by a stalk, pedunculus, or by a broad base.

Twisting of the STOMACH that may result in gastric ISCHEMIA and GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION. It is often associated with DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA.

The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.

A pouch or sac developed from a tubular or saccular organ, such as the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.

The ability of a substrate to allow the passage of ELECTRONS.

An electrophysiologic technique for studying cells, cell membranes, and occasionally isolated organelles. All patch-clamp methods rely on a very high-resistance seal between a micropipette and a membrane; the seal is usually attained by gentle suction. The four most common variants include on-cell patch, inside-out patch, outside-out patch, and whole-cell clamp. Patch-clamp methods are commonly used to voltage clamp, that is control the voltage across the membrane and measure current flow, but current-clamp methods, in which the current is controlled and the voltage is measured, are also used.

Inflammation of the COLONIC DIVERTICULA, generally with abscess formation and subsequent perforation.

Agents that are used to stimulate evacuation of the bowels.

An abnormal anatomical passage between the INTESTINE, and another segment of the intestine or other organs. External intestinal fistula is connected to the SKIN (enterocutaneous fistula). Internal intestinal fistula can be connected to a number of organs, such as STOMACH (gastrocolic fistula), the BILIARY TRACT (cholecystoduodenal fistula), or the URINARY BLADDER of the URINARY TRACT (colovesical fistula). Risk factors include inflammatory processes, cancer, radiation treatment, and surgical misadventures (MEDICAL ERRORS).

Hindrance of the passage of luminal contents in the DUODENUM. Duodenal obstruction can be partial or complete, and caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Simple obstruction is associated with diminished or stopped flow of luminal contents. Strangulating obstruction is associated with impaired blood flow to the duodenum in addition to obstructed flow of luminal contents.

A type of lung inflammation resulting from the aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.

A class of drugs that act by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cellular membranes.

A species of the family Ranidae (true frogs). The only anuran properly referred to by the common name "bullfrog", it is the largest native anuran in North America.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the esophagus.

The valve, at the junction of the CECUM with the COLON, that guards the opening where the ILEUM enters the LARGE INTESTINE.

The quality or state of being able to be bent or creased repeatedly. (From Webster, 3d ed)

Mobilization of the lower end of the esophagus and plication of the fundus of the stomach around it (fundic wrapping) in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX that may be associated with various disorders, such as hiatal hernia. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 114. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.

Procedures of applying ENDOSCOPES for disease diagnosis and treatment. Endoscopy involves passing an optical instrument through a small incision in the skin i.e., percutaneous; or through a natural orifice and along natural body pathways such as the digestive tract; and/or through an incision in the wall of a tubular structure or organ, i.e. transluminal, to examine or perform surgery on the interior parts of the body.

Nonbehavioral selection for pawns, mutants of Paramecium aurelia with decreased excitability. (1/1812)

The reversal response in Paramecium aurelia is mediated by calcium which carries the inward current during excitation. Electrophysiological studies indicate that strontium and barium can also carry the inward current. Exposure to high concentrations of barium rapidly paralyzes and later kills wild-type paramecia. Following mutagenesis with nitrosoguanidine, seven mutants which continued to swim in the ;high-barium' solution were selected. All of the mutants show decreased reversal behavior, with phenotypes ranging from extremely non-reversing (;extreme' pawns) to nearly wild-type reversal behavior (;partial' pawns). The mutations fall into three complementation groups, identical to the pwA, pwB, and pwC genes of Kunget al. (1975). All of the pwA and pwB mutants withstand longer exposure to barium, the pwB mutants surviving longer than the pwA mutants. Among mutants of each gene, survival is correlated with loss of reversal behavior. Double mutants (A-B, A-C, B-C), identified in the exautogamous progeny of crosses between ;partial' mutants, exhibited a more extreme non-reversing phenotype than either of their single-mutant (;partial' pawn) parents.---Inability to reverse could be expected from an alteration in the calcium-activated reversal mechanism or in excitation. A normal calcium-activated structure was demonstrated in all pawns by chlorpromazine treatment. In a separate report (Schein, Bennett and Katz 1976) the results of electrophysiological investigations directly demonstrate decreased excitability in all of the mutants, a decrease due to an altered calcium activation. The studies of the genetics, the survival in barium and the electro-physiology of the pawns demonstrate that the pwA and pwB genes have different effects on calcium activation. (+info)

Inducible genetic suppression of neuronal excitability. (2/1812)

Graded, reversible suppression of neuronal excitability represents a logical goal of therapy for epilepsy and intractable pain. To achieve such suppression, we have developed the means to transfer "electrical silencing" genes into neurons with sensitive control of transgene expression. An ecdysone-inducible promoter drives the expression of inwardly rectifying potassium channels in polycistronic adenoviral vectors. Infection of superior cervical ganglion neurons did not affect normal electrical activity but suppressed excitability after the induction of gene expression. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of controlled ion channel expression after somatic gene transfer into neurons and serve as the prototype for a novel generalizable approach to modulate excitability. (+info)

Activation of human D3 dopamine receptor inhibits P/Q-type calcium channels and secretory activity in AtT-20 cells. (3/1812)

The D3 dopamine receptor is postulated to play an important role in the regulation of neurotransmitter secretion at both pre- and postsynaptic terminals. However, this hypothesis and the underlying mechanisms remain untested because of the lack of D3-selective ligands, paucity of appropriate model secretory systems, and the weak and inconsistent coupling of D3 receptors to classical signal transduction pathways. The absence of ligands that selectively discriminate between D3 and D2 receptors in vivo precludes the study of D3 receptor function in the brain and necessitates the use of heterologous expression systems. In this report we demonstrate that activation of the human D3 dopamine receptor expressed in the AtT-20 neuroendocrine cell line causes robust inhibition of P/Q-type calcium channels via pertussis toxin-sensitive G-proteins. In addition, using the vesicle trafficking dye FM1-43, we show that D3 receptor activation significantly inhibits spontaneous secretory activity in these cells. Our results not only support the hypothesis that the D3 receptor can regulate secretory activity but also provide insight into the underlying signaling mechanisms. We propose a functional model in which the D3 receptor tightly regulates neurotransmitter release at a synapse by only allowing the propagation of spikes above a certain frequency or burst-duration threshold. (+info)

Volume regulation following hypotonic shock in isolated crypts of mouse distal colon. (4/1812)

1. A video-imaging technique of morphometry was used to measure the diameter as an index of cell volume in intact mouse distal colon crypts submitted to hypotonic shock. 2. Transition from isotonic (310 mosmol l-1) to hypotonic (240 mosmol l-1) saline caused a pronounced increase in crypt diameter immediately followed by regulatory volume decrease (RVD). 3. Exposure of crypts to Cl--free hyposmotic medium increased the rapidity of both cell swelling and RVD. Exposure of crypts to Na+-free hyposmotic medium reduced the total duration of swelling. Return to initial diameter was followed by further shrinkage of the crypt cells. 4. The chloride channel inhibitor NPPB (50 microM) delayed the swelling phase and prevented the subsequent normal decrease in diameter. 5. The K+ channel blockers barium (10 mM), charybdotoxin (10 nM) and TEA (5 mM) inhibited RVD by 51, 44 and 32 %, respectively. 6. Intracellular [Ca2+] rose from a baseline of 174 +/- 17 nM (n = 8) to 448 +/- 45 nM (n = 8) during the initial swelling phase 7. The Ca2+ channel blockers verapamil (50 microM) and nifedipine (10 microM), the chelator of intracellular Ca2+ BAPTA AM (30 microM), or the inhibitor of Ca2+ release TMB-8 (10 microM), dramatically reduced volume recovery, leading to 51 % (n = 9), 25 % (n = 7), 37 % (n = 6), 32 % (n = 8) inhibition of RVD, respectively. TFP (50 microM), an antagonist of the Ca2+-calmodulin complex, significantly slowed RVD. The Ca2+ ionophore A23187 (2 microM) provoked a dramatic reduction of the duration and amplitude of cell swelling followed by extensive shrinkage. The release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores using bradykinin (1 microM) or blockade of reabsorption with thapsigargin (1 microM) decreased the duration of RVD. 8. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 5 microM) slightly delayed RVD, whereas leukotriene D4 (LTD4, 100 nM) and arachidonic acid (10 microM) reduced the duration of RVD. Blockade of phospholipase A2 by quinacrine (10 microM) inhibited RVD by 53 %. Common inhibition of PGE2 and LTD4 synthesis by ETYA (50 microM) or separate blockade of PGE2 synthesis by 1 microM indomethacin reduced the duration of RVD. Blockade of LTD4 synthesis by nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) did not produce any significant effect on cell swelling or subsequent RVD. 9. Staurosporine (1 microM), an inhibitor of protein kinases, inhibited RVD by 58 %. Taken together the experiments demonstrate that the RVD process is under the control of conductive pathways, extra- and intracellular Ca2+ ions, protein kinases, prostaglandins and leukotrienes. (+info)

Modulation of chloride, potassium and bicarbonate transport by muscarinic receptors in a human adenocarcinoma cell line. (5/1812)

1. Short-circuit current (I(SC)) responses to carbachol (CCh) were investigated in Colony 1 epithelia, a subpopulation of the HCA-7 adenocarcinoma cell line. In Krebs-Henseleit (KH) buffer, CCh responses consisted of three I(SC) components: an unusual rapid decrease (the 10 s spike) followed by an upward spike at 30 s and a slower transient increase (the 2 min peak). This response was not potentiated by forskolin; rather, CCh inhibited cyclic AMP-stimulated I(SC). 2. In HCO3- free buffer, the decrease in forskolin-elevated I(SC) after CCh was reduced, although the interactions between CCh and forskolin remained at best additive rather than synergistic. When Cl- anions were replaced by gluconate, both Ca2+- and cyclic AMP-mediated electrogenic responses were significantly inhibited. 3. Basolateral Ba2+ (1-10 mM) and 293B (10 microM) selectively inhibited forskolin stimulation of I(SC), without altering the effects of CCh. Under Ba2+- or 293B-treated conditions, CCh responses were potentiated by pretreatment with forskolin. 4. Basolateral charybdotoxin (50 nM) significantly increased the size of the 10 s spike of CCh responses in both KH and HCO3- free medium, without affecting the 2 min peak. The enhanced 10 s spike was inhibited by prior addition of 5 mM apical Ba2+. Charybdotoxin did not affect forskolin responses. 5. In epithelial layers prestimulated with forskolin, the muscarinic antagonists atropine and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide (4-DAMP, both at 100 nM) abolished subsequent 10 microM CCh responses. Following addition of p-fluoro hexahydro-sila-difenidol (pF-HHSiD, 10 microM) or pirenzepine (1 microM), qualitative changes in the CCh response time-profile also indicated a rightward shift of the agonist concentration-response curve; however, 1 microM gallamine had no effect. These results suggest that a single M3-like receptor subtype mediates the secretory response to CCh. 6. It is concluded that CCh and forskolin activate discrete populations of basolateral K+ channels gated by either Ca2+ or cyclic AMP, but that the Cl- permeability of the apical membrane may limit their combined effects on electrogenic Cl- secretion. In addition, CCh activates a Ba2+-sensitive apical K+ conductance leading to electrogenic K+ transport. Both agents may also modulate HCO3- secretion through a mechanism at least partially dependent on carbonic anhydrase. (+info)

Selective activation of heterologously expressed G protein-gated K+ channels by M2 muscarinic receptors in rat sympathetic neurones. (6/1812)

1. G protein-regulated inward rectifier K+ (GIRK) channels were over-expressed in dissociated rat superior cervical sympathetic (SCG) neurones by co-transfecting green fluorescent protein (GFP)-, GIRK1- and GIRK2-expressing plasmids using the biolistic technique. Membrane currents were subsequently recorded with whole-cell patch electrodes. 2. Co-transfected cells had larger Ba2+-sensitive inwardly rectifying currents and 13 mV more negative resting potentials (in 3 mM [K+]o) than non-transfected cells, or cells transfected with GIRK1 or GIRK2 alone. 3. Carbachol (CCh, 1-30 microM) increased the inwardly rectifying current in 70 % of GIRK1+ GIRK2-transfected cells by 261 +/- 53 % (n = 6, CCh 30 microM) at -120 mV, but had no effect in non-transfected cells or in cells transfected with GIRK1 or GIRK2 alone. Pertussis toxin prevented the effect of carbachol but had no effect on basal currents. 4. The effect of CCh was antagonized by 6 nM tripitramine but not by 100 nM pirenzepine, consistent with activation of endogenous M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. 5. In contrast, inhibition of the voltage-activated Ca2+ current by CCh was antagonized by 100 nM pirenzepine but not by 6 nM tripitramine, indicating that it was mediated by M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. 6. We conclude that endogenous M2 and M4 muscarinic receptors selectively couple to GIRK currents and Ca2+ currents respectively, with negligible cross-talk. (+info)

Kir2.1 encodes the inward rectifier potassium channel in rat arterial smooth muscle cells. (7/1812)

1. The molecular nature of the strong inward rectifier K+ channel in vascular smooth muscle was explored by using isolated cell RT-PCR, cDNA cloning and expression techniques. 2. RT-PCR of RNA from single smooth muscle cells of rat cerebral (basilar), coronary and mesenteric arteries revealed transcripts for Kir2.1. Transcripts for Kir2.2 and Kir2.3 were not found. 3. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed significant differences in transcript levels of Kir2.1 between the different vascular preparations (n = 3; P < 0.05). A two-fold difference was detected between Kir2.1 mRNA and beta-actin mRNA in coronary arteries when compared with relative levels measured in mesenteric and basilar preparations. 4. Kir2.1 was cloned from rat mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells and expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Currents were strongly inwardly rectifying and selective for K+. 5. The effect of extracellular Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cs2+ ions on cloned Kir2.1 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes was examined. Ba2+ and Cs+ block were steeply voltage dependent, whereas block by external Ca2+ and Mg2+ exhibited little voltage dependence. The apparent half-block constants and voltage dependences for Ba2+, Cs+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were very similar for inward rectifier K+ currents from native cells and cloned Kir2.1 channels expressed in oocytes. 6. Molecular studies demonstrate that Kir2.1 is the only member of the Kir2 channel subfamily present in vascular arterial smooth muscle cells. Expression of cloned Kir2.1 in Xenopus oocytes resulted in inward rectifier K+ currents that strongly resemble those that are observed in native vascular arterial smooth muscle cells. We conclude that Kir2.1 encodes for inward rectifier K+ channels in arterial smooth muscle. (+info)

Cross-coupling between voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and ryanodine receptors in developing ascidian muscle blastomeres. (8/1812)

1. Ascidian blastomeres of muscle lineage express voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) despite isolation and cleavage arrest. Taking advantage of these large developing cells, developmental changes in functional relations between VDCC currents and intracellular Ca2+ stores were studied. 2. Inactivation of ascidian VDCCs is Ca2+ dependent, as demonstrated by two pieces of evidence: (1) a bell-shaped relationship between prepulse voltage and amplitude during the test pulse in Ca2+, but not in Ba2+, and (2) the decay kinetics of Ca2+ currents (ICa) obtained as the size of tail currents. 3. During replacement in the external solution of Ca2+ with Ba2+, the inward current appeared biphasic: it showed rapid decay followed by recovery and slow decay. This current profile was most evident in the mixed bath solution (2 % Ca2+ and 98 % Ba2+, abbreviated to '2Ca/98Ba'). 4. The biphasic profile of I2Ca/98Ba was significantly attenuated in caffeine and in ryanodine, indicating that Ca2+ release is involved in shaping the current kinetics of VDCCs. After washing out the caffeine, the biphasic pattern was reproducibly restored by depolarizing the membrane in calcium-rich solution, which is expected to refill the internal Ca2+ stores. 5. The inhibitors of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+-ATPase (SERCAs) cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and thapsigargin facilitated elimination of the biphasic profile with repetitive depolarization. 6. At a stage earlier than 36 h after fertilization, the biphasic profile of I2Ca/98Ba was not observed. However, caffeine induced a remarkable decrease in the amplitude of I2Ca/98Ba and this suppression was blocked by microinjection of the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA, showing the presence of caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ stores at this stage. 7. Electron microscopic observation shows that sarcoplasmic membranes (SR) arrange closer to the sarcolemma with maturation, suggesting that the formation of the ultrastructural machinery underlies development of the cross-coupling between VDCCs and Ca2+ stores. (+info)

The most common minerals of barium are baryte (barium sulfate, BaSO4) and witherite (barium carbonate, BaCO3). The name barium ... Barium in seawater Barium exists in seawater as the Ba2+ ion with an average oceanic concentration of 109 nmol/kg. Barium also ... only barium oxide. Johan Gottlieb Gahn also isolated barium oxide two years later in similar studies. Oxidized barium was at ... 3 Barium found in the Earth's crust is a mixture of seven primordial nuclides, barium-130, 132, and 134 through 138. Barium-130 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium

At elevated temperatures, barium nitrate decomposes to barium oxide: 2Ba(NO3)2 → 2BaO + 4NO2 + O2 Barium nitrate is used in the ... Barium nitrate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ba(NO3)2. It, like most barium salts, is colorless, toxic, ... Barium nitrate is manufactured by two processes that start with the main source material for barium, the carbonate. The first ... Like all soluble barium compounds, barium nitrate is toxic by ingestion or inhalation. Solutions of sulfate salts such as Epsom ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_nitrate

... is a chemical compound with the chemical formula BaH2. Barium hydride can be prepared by dissolving elemental ... pp 4-50 Libowitz, G. G. (1987). "Calcium, Strontium and Barium Hydrides". Inorganic Reactions and Methods. pp. 158-159. doi: ... barium with hydrogen at temperatures between 150-200 °C:[clarification needed] Ba + H2 → BaH2 Barium hydride reacts with oxygen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_hydride

... decomposes to barium oxide when heated to 800 °C. Reaction with carbon dioxide gives barium carbonate. Its ... Barium hydroxide can be prepared by dissolving barium oxide (BaO) in water: BaO + H2O → Ba(OH)2 It crystallises as the ... Barium hydroxide has also been used, as well, in the decarboxylation of amino acids liberating barium carbonate in the process ... Industrially, barium hydroxide is used as the precursor to other barium compounds. The monohydrate is used to dehydrate and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_hydroxide

In a commercial sense, it is one of the most important barium compounds. Barium carbonate is made commercially from barium ... such as barium chloride: BaCO 3 + 2 HCl → BaCl 2 + CO 2 + H 2O Pyrolysis of barium carbonate gives barium oxide. It is mainly ... Otherwise it is a common precursor to barium-containing compounds such as ferrites. Barium carbonate is widely used in the ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barium carbonate. "Preparation and Characterization of Barium Carbonate Nanoparticles - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_carbonate

... can be prepared by treating barium sulfide or barium carbonate with hydrobromic acid: BaS + 2 HBr → BaBr2 + H2S ... Barium bromide, along with other water-soluble barium salts(like barium chloride), is toxic. However, there is no conclusive ... Barium bromide is a precursor to chemicals used in photography and to other bromides. Historically, barium bromide was used to ... Solutions of barium bromide reacts with the sulfate salts to produce a solid precipitate of barium sulfate. BaBr2 + SO2− 4 → ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_bromide

... arises by the reversible reaction of O2 with barium oxide. The peroxide forms around 500 °C and oxygen is ... Barium peroxide is the inorganic compound with the formula BaO2. This white solid (gray when impure) is one of the most common ... Being an oxidizer and giving a vivid green colour upon ignition (as do all barium compounds), it finds some use in fireworks; ... Barium peroxide is a peroxide, containing O2− 2 subunits. The solid is isomorphous to calcium carbide, CaC2. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_peroxide

... is a hard material with a high melting point. It can be formed by passing a barium vapour at >750 °C over boron ... Barium boride has been considered as a candidate for use in hot-cathode electron guns. Ropp, R. C. (2013-01-01), Ropp, R. C. ( ... Barium compounds, Borides, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ... crystals: Ba + 6B → BaB6 However, it can also be formed by reacting barium chloride with boron in two stages: firstly at 900 °C ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_boride

... can be prepared from potassium manganate and barium chloride by salt metathesis to give insoluble barium ... Barium manganate is isomorphous with BaCrO4 and BaSO4. Barium manganate can appear as a dark blue or green to black crystals. ... Another use for barium manganate was as a pigment for making the artist's color manganese blue. It is no longer used for that ... Barium manganate is an inorganic compound with the formula BaMnO4. It is used as an oxidant in organic chemistry. It belongs to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_manganate

It is an intermediate in the carbothermal reduction of barium sulfate to barium sulfide: BaSO4 + CO → BaSO3 + CO2 Lide, David R ... Barium sulfite is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula BaSO3. It is a white powder that finds few applications. ... Barium compounds, Sulfites, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_sulfite

North, Pierre; Jorissen, Alain; Mayor, Michel (2000). "Binarity among Barium Dwarfs and CH Subgiants: Will They Become Barium ... "Radial velocity monitoring of a sample of barium and S stars using CORAVEL - Towards an evolutionary link between barium and S ... Barium stars are believed to be the result of mass transfer in a binary star system. The mass transfer occurred when the now- ... Barium stars are spectral class G to K stars whose spectra indicate an overabundance of s-process elements by the presence of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_star

Because barium sulfate is the least toxic salt of barium due to its insolubility, wastes containing barium salts are sometimes ... to give barium sulfide: BaSO4 + 4 C → BaS + 4 CO In contrast to barium sulfate, barium sulfide is soluble in water and readily ... Palladium on barium sulfate is also used as a catalyst in the Rosenmund reduction. As barium compounds emit a characteristic ... Barium sulfate is reduced to barium sulfide by carbon. The accidental discovery of this conversion many centuries ago led to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_sulfate

... , Ba(ClO3)2, is the barium salt of chloric acid. It is a white crystalline solid, and like all soluble barium ... When exposed to heat, barium chlorate alone will decompose to barium chloride and oxygen: Ba(ClO3)2 → BaCl2 + 3 O2 Barium ... more and more firework producers have begun to use more stable compound such as barium nitrate and barium carbonate. Barium ... Barium chlorate can be produced through a double replacement reaction between solutions of barium chloride and sodium chlorate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_chlorate

... can be derived either as a product of a reaction of iodine and barium hydroxide or by combining barium chlorate ... Barium iodate is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula Ba(IO3)2. It is a white, granular substance. ... Barium compounds, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_iodate

... is transparent from the ultraviolet to the infrared, from 150 to 200 nm to 11-11.5 µm. It is used in windows ... Barium fluoride is also a common, very fast (one of the fastest) scintillators for the detection of X-rays, gamma rays or other ... Barium fluoride (BaF2) is an inorganic compound with the formula BaF2. It is a colorless solid that occurs in nature as the ... Barium fluoride is used as a preopacifying agent and in enamel and glazing frits production. Its other use is in the production ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_fluoride

... (Ba(C2H3O2)2) is the salt of barium(II) and acetic acid. Barium acetate is toxic to humans, but has use in ... Barium acetate is a white powder, which is highly soluble: at 0 °C, 55.8 g of barium acetate can be dissolved in 100 g of water ... Barium Acetate was featured in a 2014 episode of the crime documentary series Redrum. Barium acetate was named as the choice ... Barium acetate is generally produced by the reaction of acetic acid with barium carbonate: BaCO3 + 2 CH3COOH → (CH3COO)2Ba + ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_acetate

... is an inorganic chemical compound of barium and the tungstate anion. Barium tungstate can be obtained from the ... Barium tungstate can be used as a frequency shifter in laser technology. It has uses in X-ray photography and as a pigment. ... precipitation reaction between barium nitrate and ammonium paratungstate or sodium tungstate. Ba(NO3)2 + Na2WO4 → BaWO4↓ + 2 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_tungstate

... is an oxide of barium and tin with the chemical formula BaSnO3. It is a wide band gap semiconductor with a ... Wei, Xiaoyong; Yao, Xi (February 2007). "Preparation, structure and dielectric property of barium stannate titanate ceramics". ... electrical and optical properties of lanthanum-doped barium stannate". Ceramics International. 41 (2): 2668-2672. doi:10.1016/j ... "Tuning optical properties of transparent conducting barium stannate by dimensional reduction". APL Materials. 3 (1): 011102. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_stannate

... is a powerful oxidizing agent, with the formula Ba(ClO4)2. It is used in the pyrotechnic industry. Barium ... Other reactions that produce barium perchlorate are as follows: perchloric acid and barium hydroxide or carbonate; potassium ... barium perchlorate is synthesized by evaporating a solution of sodium perchlorate and barium chloride. Another method of ... The barium ions are coordinated by six water oxygen atoms at 2.919Å and six perchlorate oxygens at 3.026Å in a distorted ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_perchlorate

... is a chemical compound composed of the barium ion and the bromate ion, with the chemical formula of Ba(BrO3)2. ... Barium bromate can be prepared by reacting potassium bromate with barium chloride: 2 KBrO3 + BaCl2 → Ba(BrO3)2 + 2 KCl Brauer, ... Barium compounds, Bromates, All stub articles, Inorganic compound stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_bromate

... may be produced by disproportionation of barium manganate in a mildly acidic solution, including solutions ... Another way to synthesize barium permanganate is by the reaction between silver permanganate and barium chloride. Highly pure ... which is then reacted with a stoichiometric amount of barium hydroxide. Barium permanganate is a strong oxidizer. It is ... Barium permanganate is a chemical compound, with the formula Ba(MnO4)2. It forms violet to brown crystals that are sparingly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_permanganate

... is then precipitated from solution by adding a solution of a barium(II) salt. Addition of a soluble barium salt ... reducing the coprecipitation of barium hydroxide and barium carbonate as impurities. Barium ferrate is an oxidizing agent and ... Barium ferrate has also been prepared by adding barium oxide to a mixture sodium hypochlorite and ferric nitrate at room ... Alkaline sulfates decompose barium ferrate that has not been dried, forming barium sulfate, ferric hydroxide and oxygen gas. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_ferrate

When barium cyanide is heated to 300° C with steam present, the nitrogen evolves to ammonia, leaving barium formate. The ... Barium cyanide is used in electroplating and other metallurgical processes. Barium cyanide reacts with water and carbon dioxide ... Barium cyanide is a chemical compound with the formula Ba(CN)2. It is synthesized by the reaction of hydrogen cyanide and ... "Barium Cyanide, Ba(CN)2". Atomistry. Retrieved 2012-11-01. v t e (Articles without EBI source, Articles without KEGG source, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_cyanide

... , named barium tetraoxochromate(VI) by the IUPAC, is a yellow sand like powder with the formula BaCrO4. It is a ... Barium chromate is also used in the composition of a catalyst for alkane dehydrogenation. Barium has also been used to color ... Adding barium chromate enhances the life of the bath by adding to the chromic acid concentration. Barium chromate is an ... It can be synthesized by reacting barium hydroxide or barium chloride with potassium chromate. Ba ( OH ) 2 + K 2 CrO 4 ⟶ BaCrO ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_chromate

... (BaC2O4), a barium salt of oxalic acid, is a white odorless powder that is sometimes used as a green pyrotechnic ... The raw materials that are required to prepare barium oxalate are oxalic acid and barium hydroxide (or its octahydrate). It can ... Though largely stable, barium oxalate can be reactive with strong acids. A mild skin irritant, the substance is considered ... 2 HCl rec.pyrotechnics FAQ MSDS Barium Oxalate ChemSpider (Articles without EBI source, Articles without KEGG source, ECHA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_oxalate

... is used for Linear Tape-Open (LTO) storage. Barium ferrite might lead to future improvements in LTO tapes ... A one-step hydrothermal process can be used to form crystals of barium ferrite, by mixing barium chloride, ferrous chloride, ... barium chloride, sodium citrate, and sodium hydroxide. The typical preparation, however, is by calcining barium carbonate with ... Barium ferrite completely out classes MP, mostly because BaFe is already in its oxidized state and so is not restricted in its ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_ferrite

... is a chemical compound with the formula Ba(ClO)2. It is used as a bleaching agent of textiles, paper and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_hypochlorite

... is an inorganic azide with the formula Ba(N3)2. It is a barium salt of hydrazoic acid. Like most azides, it is ... Barium azide may be prepared by reacting sodium azide with a soluble barium salt. Care should be taken to prevent large ... Barium azide can be used to make azides of magnesium, sodium, potassium, lithium, rubidium and zinc with their respective ... 3 N2 This reaction liberates metallic barium, which is used as a getter in vacuum applications. Hydrazoic acid Fedoroff, Basil ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_azide

... has been examined in metal organic chemical vapour deposition of BaTiO3 thin films. "Barium ... Barium acetylacetonate is a compound with formula Ba(C5H7O2)2. It is the Ba2+ complex of the anion acetylacetonate. The ... Rossetto, G.; Polo, A.; Benetollo, F.; Porchia, M.; Zanella, P. (1992). "Studies on molecular barium precursors for MOCVD: ... Synthesis and characterization of barium 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate. X-ray crystal structure of [Ba(THD)2·Et2O]2". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_acetylacetonate

BaI2 can be reduced with lithium biphenyl, to give a highly active form of barium metal. Like other soluble salts of barium, ... ISBN 0-19-855370-6. Brackett, E. B.; Brackett, T. E.; Sass, R. L.; The Crystal Structures of Barium Chloride, Barium Bromide, ... Barium iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula BaI2. The compound exists as an anhydrous and a hydrate (BaI2(H2O)2), ... When heated, hydrated barium iodide converts to the anhydrous salt. The hydrated form is freely soluble in water, ethanol, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_iodide

Ingesting high levels of barium can cause problems with the heart, stomach, liver, kidneys, and other organs. This chemical has ... Exposure to barium occurs mostly in the workplace or from drinking contaminated water. ... Barium compounds, such as barium chloride, barium nitrate, or barium hydroxide, that dissolve easily in water usually do not ... Barium compounds, such as barium sulfate and barium carbonate, which do not dissolve well in water, can last a long time in the ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxFAQs/ToxFAQsDetails.aspx?faqid=326&toxid=57

Barium Sulfate: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Before taking or using barium sulfate,. *tell your doctor and the staff at the testing center if you are allergic to barium ... Barium sulfate may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away: *stomach cramps ... Barium sulfate comes as a powder to be mixed with water, a suspension (liquid), a paste, and a tablet. The powder and water ...

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a606010.html

Barium and compounds. CAS No: Varies. NOTE:. (1) Efficacy of Medical Tests has not been evaluated.. (2) NIOSH references ... Barium and compounds. Editor(s). /Author(s). Specific Medical Test(s) or Examination(s). Reference(s). ...

https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-110/nmed0021.html

Case Definition: Barium Poisoning Includes clinical description, lab criteria for diagnosis, & case classification. ...

https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/barium/

Barium and barium compounds Choudhury, Harlal; Cary, Richard; World Health Organization; International Programme on Chemical ...

https://apps.who.int/iris/browse?authority=Barium+Compounds&type=mesh

At elevated temperatures, barium nitrate decomposes to barium oxide: 2Ba(NO3)2 → 2BaO + 4NO2 + O2. Applications[edit]. Barium ... Barium nitrate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ba(NO3)2. It, like most barium salts, is colorless, toxic, ... Barium nitrate is manufactured by two processes that start with the main source material for barium, the carbonate. The first ... Although no longer produced, Baratol is an explosive composed of barium nitrate, TNT and binder; the high density of barium ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barium_nitrate

Barium and barium compounds Choudhury, Harlal; Cary, Richard; World Health Organization; International Programme on Chemical ... Barium : health and safety guide World Health Organization; International Programme on Chemical Safety (‎World Health ... Barium / published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour ... Evaluates the risks to uman health and the environment posed by the mining, processing, and industrial use of barium. The ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/browse?locale-attribute=de&type=mesh&authority=Barium

Words nearby barium oxide. barium chloride, barium chromate, barium enema, barium hydroxide, barium meal, barium oxide, barium ... Barium and sodium salts were made by neutralizing the acid, and were purified by crystallization. ... The excess of lead was removed by sulphuric acid, and the sulphuric acid was removed by barium carbonate. ... It was then evaporated to a small bulk, neutralized with barium carbonate and extracted with ether. ...

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/barium-oxide

Barium Ferrite (BaFe) is a new type of magnetic particle which can be greatly reduced in size to improve recording density ... However, Barium Ferrite is already oxidized and therefore has a much longer life compared to metal particles. ... Barium Ferrite has better frequency characteristics compared to metal particles resulting in a significantly increased margin ...

https://www.fujifilm.com/nl/en/business/data-management/fujifilm-technologies/barium-ferrite

... is a special x-ray of the large intestine, which includes the colon and rectum. Alternative Names: Lower ... The barium flows into your colon. X-rays are taken. A small balloon at the tip of the enema tube may be inflated to help keep ... barium enema; Intestinal blockage - lower GI series; Intestinal blockage - barium enema ... You are then given a bedpan or helped to the toilet, so you can empty your bowels and remove as much of the barium as possible ...

https://www.ucsfhealth.org/medical-tests/barium-enema

Barium. Find out what is in your tap water ... EWGs Tap Water Database Barium results for Rehoboth District ... Barium. Rehoboth District. Barium is a mineral present in rocks, soil and water. High concentrations of barium in drinking ... The legal limit for barium, established in 1991, was based on a 10-week study of barium exposure in 11 adult male volunteers. ... The EWG Health Guideline of 700 ppb for barium was defined by EWG as benchmark that protects against harm to the kidneys and ...

https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/system-contaminant.php?contamcode=1010&pws=DE0000991?contamcode=1010&pws=DE0000991

PEBarium-alumopharmacosiderite = 87.88 barns/electron. U=PEBarium-alumopharmacosiderite x rElectron Density= 253.20 barns/cc.. ... Print or Cut-and-Paste your Barium-alumopharmacosiderite Specimen Label here :. Barium-alumopharmacosiderite ... Google Search for Barium-alumopharmacosiderite. Ask about Barium-alumopharmacosiderite here :. Ask-A-Mineralogist from the ... Visit our Advertisers for Barium-alumopharmacosiderite :. A Bijoux Google Search for Barium-alumopharmacosiderite. Adams ...

http://www.webmineral.com/data/Barium-alumopharmacosiderite.shtml

Case Definition: Barium Poisoning Includes clinical description, lab criteria for diagnosis, & case classification. ...

https://www.emergency.cdc.gov/agent/barium/

Article Flotation Behaviour of Barium Sulphate was published on December 1, 1976 in the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents ... Flotation Behaviour of Barium Sulphate. A. A. Yousef and T. A. Bibawy ... Yousef, A. A. and Bibawy, T. A.. "Flotation Behaviour of Barium Sulphate" Tenside Surfactants Detergents, vol. 13, no. 6, 1976 ... Yousef, A. A. and Bibawy, T. A.. "Flotation Behaviour of Barium Sulphate" Tenside Surfactants Detergents 13, no. 6 (1976): 316- ...

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/tsd-1976-130603/html

You may have a barium swallow if you are having difficulty swallowing solid food. It can help doctors stage mouth and ... Barium swallow for mouth and oropharyngeal cancer. A barium swallow is a test to look at the outline of any part of your ... Why you might have a barium swallow. This is not a very common test. You might have a barium swallow if you are having ... This should get better as the barium passes through your system.. Possible risks. A barium swallow is a safe test. It helps ...

https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/mouth-cancer/getting-diagnosed/tests/barium-swallow

Barium is an important element with a variety of uses and properties. Get periodic table facts on its chemical and physical ... Barium decomposes in water or alcohol. Impure barium sulfide phosphoresces following exposure to light. All barium compounds ... This is a photo of barium. Barium is a soft silvery-white metal, but it oxidizes very easily in air. Matthias Zepper ... 16, 2021, thoughtco.com/barium-element-facts-606503. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2021, February 16). Barium Chemical & ...

https://www.thoughtco.com/barium-element-facts-606503

Barium or Gastrografin Swallow. Barium swallow may be indicated in cases of ingestion of nonopaque foreign bodies, such as ... A barium or Gastrografin swallow, without cotton balls, can sometimes outline the foreign body, but, again, the yield is very ... Barium swallow can be used for food impactions; however, most authorities believe that it adds nothing to the evaluation and ... Barium is contraindicated in cases in which esophageal perforation is suspected. Gastrografin may be used if a study is needed. ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/776566-workup

High quality barium lump from Goodfellow, specialist materials suppliers for R&D. Over 70,000 products in stock. 48 hour ... Barium - Lump. Discovered in 1808 by Sir Humphrey Davy in London, England. Elemental barium does not occur naturally although ... barium meal where it is used to outline a patients alimentary tract, the X-rays being stopped by the barium sulfate.Lump - A ... Product BA00-LP-000100 Barium - Lump Maximum Lump Size 25mm Weight 50g - 5000g Purity 99.0% ...

https://www.goodfellow.com/us/en-us/barium-lump

Barium Zirconium Cerium Yttrium Oxide BaZr(1-x-y)CexYyO3-δ bulk & research qty manufacturer. Properties, SDS, Applications, ... Barium. 56 Ba 137.327000000 Barium See more Barium products. Barium (atomic symbol: Ba, atomic number: 56) is a Block S, Group ... About Barium Zirconium Cerium Yttrium Oxide. American Elements manufactures Barium Zirconium Cerium Yttrium Oxide(or Barium ... Barium Zirconium Cerium Yttrium Oxide Synonyms. Barium cerium yttrium zirconate, yttrium-doped barium cerate zirconate, yttrium ...

https://www.americanelements.com/barium-zirconium-cerium-yttrium-oxide

... To purchase MEMS-related materials, supplies, equipment, wafers, etc.,please visit ...

http://www.memsnet.org/material/bariumtitanatebatio3bulk/

Extensive HP Power Barium specs, pictures, rating, discussions and reviews. ... HP Power Barium model overview. HP Power Barium models include the motorcycle below produced in 2011. The 2011 HP Power Barium ... 2011 HP Power Barium 260 Colors: Black. Engine: 257.00 ccm. Dry weight: 169.00 kg. Manufacturers profilation: Big scooter with ... Find HP Power Barium parts, fluids and service manuals.. Insurance costs. Easy comparison of quotes from US top insurance ...

https://bikez.com/models/hp_power_barium.php

Barium enema - A liquid that coats the large bowel, so it can be seen on an X-ray.. Choose Spire Washington Hospital. ... A barium enema is a special type of X-ray test used to examine the large bowel (colon and rectum), which doesnt show up well ... Liquid barium will flow through the tube to coat the bowel wall. Air may be passed through the tube to expand the bowel and ... Barium enema at Spire Washington Hospital. A liquid that coats the large bowel, so it can be seen on an X-ray. ...

https://www.spirehealthcare.com/spire-washington-hospital/treatments/a-z/barium-enema/

... () Edgar Perez Herrero, Eva M ... E. Herrero, E. Valle and M. Galán, "Understanding the Glycoproteins Release from Alginate-Barium Capsules in Physiologic ...

https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=8196

Detailed decay information for the isotope barium-152 including decay chains and daughter products. ... Barium Pictures Page. Al. Si. P. S. Cl. Ar. K. Ca. Barium Technical Data. Sc. Ti. V. Cr. Mn. Fe. Co. Ni. Cu. Zn. Ga. Ge. As. Se ... Isotopes of Barium (click to see decay chain):. 114Ba 115Ba 116Ba 117Ba 118Ba 119Ba 120Ba 121Ba 122Ba 123Ba 124Ba 125Ba 126Ba ... Barium Main Page. Black White Gray. B. C. N. O. F. Ne. ...

https://periodictable.com/Isotopes/056.152/index.dm.prod.html

Yttrium barium copper oxide was discovered in the late 1980s as being the first known substance to exhibit superconductivity ... This is a small vial of superconducting yttrium-barium-copper-oxide powder. Normally this type of material is seen pressed into ... using a precise composition of Mercury Thallium Barium Calcium Copper Oxide...nice and toxic too). As a result, it is one of ...

https://theodoregray.com/PeriodicTable/Samples/Ba2Cu3O7/index.qtvr.s11.html

Detailed decay information for the isotope barium-138 including decay chains and daughter products. ... Barium Pictures Page. Al. Si. P. S. Cl. Ar. K. Ca. Barium Technical Data. Sc. Ti. V. Cr. Mn. Fe. Co. Ni. Cu. Zn. Ga. Ge. As. Se ... Isotopes of Barium (click to see decay chain):. 114Ba 115Ba 116Ba 117Ba 118Ba 119Ba 120Ba 121Ba 122Ba 123Ba 124Ba 125Ba 126Ba ... Barium Main Page. Black White Gray. B. C. N. O. F. Ne. ...

https://www.periodictable.com/Isotopes/056.138/index.p.full.dm.wt.html

Hledat ve ...

https://www.webareal.cz/barium/e-login/

Espresso detects barium in the atmosphere of an exoplanet. The spectrograph developed by the UNIGE has enabled the discovery of ... The fact that barium was detected in the atmosphere of these two hot Jupiters suggests that this class of planets may be even ... barium. This feat was made possible by ESPRESSO, a spectrograph developed largely by the UNIGE and installed on the Very Large ... We were not expecting or looking for barium in particular and we had to cross-check that it was indeed from the planet, as the ...

https://www.unige.ch/communication/communiques/en/2022/espresso-detecte-du-baryum-dans-latmosphere-dune-exoplanete

Standard Test Method for Measuring Reaction Rates by Analysis of Barium-140 From Fission Dosimeters. ...

https://www.astm.org/e0393-19.html

Barium sulfate is sometimes used by doctors to perform medical tests and to take x-rays of the gastrointestinal tract. (cdc.gov)
Barium compounds, such as barium sulfate and barium carbonate, which do not dissolve well in water, can last a long time in the environment. (cdc.gov)
The barium in these compounds that is dissolved in water quickly combines with sulfate or carbonate that are naturally found in water and become the longer lasting forms (barium sulfate and barium carbonate). (cdc.gov)
Barium compounds that do not dissolve well, such as barium sulfate, are not generally harmful. (cdc.gov)
Barium sulfate is in a class of medications called radiopaque contrast media. (medlineplus.gov)
Barium sulfate comes as a powder to be mixed with water, a suspension (liquid), a paste, and a tablet. (medlineplus.gov)
Barium sulfate is usually taken one or more times before an x-ray examination or CT scan. (medlineplus.gov)
If you are using a barium sulfate enema, the enema will be administered by medical staff at the testing center. (medlineplus.gov)
If you are taking barium sulfate by mouth, you may be given the medication after you arrive at the testing center or you may be given the medication to take at home at specific times the night before and/or the day of your test. (medlineplus.gov)
If you are taking barium sulfate at home, take it exactly as directed. (medlineplus.gov)
You may also be told to use laxatives to clear the barium sulfate from your body after your test. (medlineplus.gov)
tell your doctor and the staff at the testing center if you are allergic to barium sulfate, other radiopaque contrast media, simethicone (Gas-X, Phazyme, others), any other medications, any foods, latex, or any of the ingredients in the type of barium sulfate that you will be taking or using. (medlineplus.gov)
Your doctor will tell you whether you should take your medications on the day of your test and whether you should wait a certain amount of time between taking your regular medications and taking barium sulfate. (medlineplus.gov)
Also tell your doctor if your infant or young child has any condition that affects his or her esophagus, stomach, or intestine, or has had surgery involving the intestines.Your doctor may tell you or your child not to take barium sulfate. (medlineplus.gov)
Barium can be measured in bone, blood, barium through consumption of drinking barium chloride or barium sulfate is urine, and feces. (cdc.gov)
Barium sulfate is extremely insoluble and reported following acute oral exposure to Ba and gas drilling muds, automotive paints, very little, if any, is absorbed through the high doses of barium. (cdc.gov)
Oral through the weathering of rocks and barium sulfate) which are generally minerals. (cdc.gov)
Solutions of sulfate salts such as Epsom salts or sodium sulfate may be given as first aid for barium poisoning, as they precipitate the barium as the insoluble (and non-toxic) barium sulfate . (wikipedia.org)
The tube is connected to a bag that holds a liquid containing barium sulfate. (ucsfhealth.org)
Barium is only found combined with other elements, primarily in barite or heavy spar (sulfate) and witherite (carbonate). (thoughtco.com)
Barium compounds, particularly BaSO₄, are used for various applications, including the manufacture of paint, as an addition to heavy duty drilling oils and in radiology as 'barium meal' where it is used to outline a patient's alimentary tract, the X-rays being stopped by the barium sulfate. (goodfellow.com)
if I make electrolysis of a solution of barium sulfate can obtain barium hidroxide? (sciencemadness.org)
can obtain barium nitrate by electrolysis a solutions of barium sulfate and calcium nitrate? (sciencemadness.org)
Barium sulfate is highly insoluble, so you won't be able to dissolve it for the electrolysis. (sciencemadness.org)
It is produced as a result of the reaction between pet coke and barium sulfate, commonly known as barite. (theinsightpartners.com)
Your provider will insert a metallic liquid solution (barium sulfate mixed in water) into your rectum. (healthline.com)
TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2]. (google.com)
Patient has a known allergy to silicone or barium sulfate. (who.int)

Yousef, A. and Bibawy, T. (1976) Flotation Behaviour of Barium Sulphate. (degruyter.com)
Adopting domestic advanced synthesis technology, This barium Sulphate has high main content, narrow size distribution and ultra-fine, high whiteness and low iron content. (made-in-china.com)
Weighing of the barium sulphate after treatment with hydrofluoric acid in order to remove any silica which may be present. (iso.org)
Barium sulphate is difficult to convert to other barium salts. (sciencemadness.org)
There are two barium sulphate coatings with an industry leading microporous inkjet receptive layer that produces deep, rich blacks (Dmax), expanded color gamut and gentle tonal gradations. (freestylephoto.biz)
This new paper has the aesthetic of a traditional darkroom paper, which is achieved by adding a coating of barium sulphate prior to the inkjet receiving layer. (canson-infinity.com)

Gastrointestinal disturbances followed by in colorectal and some upper chloride and barium carbonate are hypokalemia, hypertension, and heart gastrointestinal examinations. (cdc.gov)
The solubility of the barium compound plants, may contain high amounts of carbonate) ores. (cdc.gov)
Compounds such as barium chloride and Barium in the Environment duration inhalation MRLs were derived barium carbonate are generally expected for barium. (cdc.gov)
Barium nitrate is manufactured by two processes that start with the main source material for barium, the carbonate. (wikipedia.org)
The first involves dissolving barium carbonate in nitric acid , allowing any iron impurities to precipitate, then filtered, evaporated, and crystallized. (wikipedia.org)
It was then evaporated to a small bulk, neutralized with barium carbonate and extracted with ether. (dictionary.com)
The excess of lead was removed by sulphuric acid, and the sulphuric acid was removed by barium carbonate. (dictionary.com)
Also, if ground joint glassware is available to you, you may consider adding the acid via addition funnel to a slurry of the carbonate in a 2/3 neck flask to contain the barium-rich aerosol as much as possible. (sciencemadness.org)
It can be converted to Barium carbonate in an equilibrium by repeated boiling with alkali carbonate, filtering, washing and reaction with acid to dissolve the barium carbonate formed. (sciencemadness.org)
The easiest method to prepare barium oxide is by heating barium carbonate with coke, tar, carbon black or by thermal decomposition of barium nitrate. (toppr.com)
Barium Carbonate is a white color chemical compound, manufactured by using barite as a raw material. (theinsightpartners.com)
Barium carbonate is thermally stale and helps in increasing the refractive index and luster of glass. (theinsightpartners.com)
The reaction between barium sulfide and sodium carbonate also produces barium carbonate. (theinsightpartners.com)
The wide application of barium bicarbonate as a crystalizing and mating agent for glazing ceramic tiles drives the growth of the barium carbonate market. (theinsightpartners.com)
However, lack of privacy matters and common supervisory principles restricts the fruitful development of the barium carbonate market. (theinsightpartners.com)
Growing population, increasing disposable income, rapid urbanization and incrementing brisk demand from the construction industry are some factors anticipated to foster the growth of the barium carbonate market in the near future. (theinsightpartners.com)
The "Global Barium Carbonate Market Analysis to 2028" is a specialized and in-depth study of the chemical and material industry with a special focus on the global market trend analysis. (theinsightpartners.com)
The report aims to provide an overview of the barium carbonate market with detailed market segmentation by product, form, application and geography. (theinsightpartners.com)
The global barium carbonate market is expected to witness high growth during the forecast period. (theinsightpartners.com)
The report provides key statistics on the market status of the leading barium carbonate market players and offers key trends and opportunities in the market. (theinsightpartners.com)
The global barium carbonate market is segmented on the basis of product, form, application and geography. (theinsightpartners.com)
The barium carbonate market by each region is later sub-segmented by respective countries and segments. (theinsightpartners.com)
The report analyzes factors affecting the barium carbonate market from both demand and supply side and further evaluates market dynamics affecting the market during the forecast period i.e., drivers, restraints, opportunities, and future trend. (theinsightpartners.com)
The reports cover key developments in the barium carbonate market as organic and inorganic growth strategies. (theinsightpartners.com)
The market payers from barium carbonate market are anticipated to lucrative growth opportunities in the future with the rising demand for barium carbonate market in the global market. (theinsightpartners.com)
IMSEAR at SEARO: A case of barium carbonate poisoning. (who.int)

This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked health questions (FAQs) about barium and barium compounds. (cdc.gov)
Barium and barium compounds have been found in at least 798 of the 1,684 National Priority List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (cdc.gov)
It combines with other chemicals such as sulfur or carbon and oxygen to form barium compounds. (cdc.gov)
Barium compounds are used by the oil and gas industries to make drilling muds. (cdc.gov)
Barium gets into the air during the mining, refining, and production of barium compounds, and from the burning of coal and oil. (cdc.gov)
Barium compounds, such as barium chloride, barium nitrate, or barium hydroxide, that dissolve easily in water usually do not last in these forms for a long time in the environment. (cdc.gov)
The health effects of the different barium compounds depend on how well the compound dissolves in water or in the stomach contents. (cdc.gov)
Eating or d rinking very l arge amounts of barium compounds that easily dissolve can cause changes in heart rhythm or paralysis and possibly death. (cdc.gov)
Barium compounds are solids, existing as important factor affecting the Dermal - minor route of exposure. (cdc.gov)
Like all soluble barium compounds, barium nitrate is toxic by ingestion or inhalation. (wikipedia.org)
All barium compounds that are soluble in water or acid are poisonous. (thoughtco.com)
It is used in the manufacture of other barium compounds and helps in removing efflorescence in bricks, tiles, etc. (theinsightpartners.com)

Barium nitrate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ba ( NO 3 ) 2 . (wikipedia.org)
Barium nitrate is used in the production of BaO-containing materials. (wikipedia.org)
the high density of barium nitrate results in baratol being quite dense as well. (wikipedia.org)
Barium nitrate mixed with aluminium powder , a formula for flash powder , is highly explosive. (wikipedia.org)
Barium nitrate was also a primary ingredient in the "SR 365" incendiary charge used by the British in the De Wilde incendiary ammunition with which they armed their interceptor fighters , such as the Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire , during the Battle of Britain . (wikipedia.org)
Greenlight your posted procedure is how I make my barium nitrate these days too. (sciencemadness.org)
Does anyone know how to purify the Barium nitrate so it can be used effectively in green colour compositions? (sciencemadness.org)
Barium nitrate solubility in water shows decent temperature dependence, so you could try the conventional recrystallization once you let the fine solids settle out. (sciencemadness.org)

When it reacts with water it forms barium hydroxide. (toppr.com)
It reacts easily with air and water and forms barium oxide and barium hydroxide respectively. (toppr.com)

A barium swallow is a test to look at the outline of any part of your digestive system. (cancerresearchuk.org)
You might have a barium swallow if you are having difficulty swallowing solid food. (cancerresearchuk.org)
You have a barium swallow as an outpatient in the radiology (x-ray) department. (cancerresearchuk.org)
Some people feel a bit sick after a barium swallow. (cancerresearchuk.org)
A barium swallow is a safe test. (cancerresearchuk.org)
The doctor who arranged the barium swallow gives them to you. (cancerresearchuk.org)
Barium swallow may be indicated in cases of ingestion of nonopaque foreign bodies, such as toothpicks or aluminum soda can tabs, although CT scanning is a much better imaging modality and should be used as the first choice when available. (medscape.com)
A barium swallow test is used to help diagnose acid reflux and GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) as well as esophageal strictures in both adults and children. (adventhealth.com)
A barium swallow may also be partnered with other tests to help reach a diagnosis. (adventhealth.com)
Barium swallow demonstrating the bird-beak appearance of the lower esophagus, dilatation of the esophagus, and stasis of barium in the esophagus. (medscape.com)
The diagnostic modalities of choice are barium swallow and esophageal manometry. (medscape.com)
Barium swallow or esophagram is the best imaging study to aid in the diagnosis of esophageal spasm by evaluating for nonpropulsive contractions in the esophagus. (medscape.com)
Barium swallow demonstrates diffuse uncoordinated contractions of the esophagus in a patient with diffuse esophageal spasm. (medscape.com)
Unlike in diffuse esophageal spasm, the barium swallow findings for nutcracker esophagus are not specific and can present minimal findings. (medscape.com)

The second requires combining barium sulfide with nitric acid. (wikipedia.org)
Impure barium sulfide phosphoresces following exposure to light. (thoughtco.com)
The sample provided the researchers with insight into how, when and where a barium bearing mineral (barite) altered into iron sulfide (pyrite) during the transformation of organic rich marine sediment into shale in Devonian times. (labmanager.com)

This paper demonstrates the significant improvement in the piezoelectric energy harvesting performance of barium titanate by forming highly aligned porosity using freeze casting. (semanticscholar.org)
Barium Titanate is a ferroelectric ceramic material that appears as white crystal powder, and as a grey ceramic when pressed and sintered into a sputtering target. (sciengineeredmaterials.com)
SCI Engineered Materials offers our Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) Sputtering targets in a 99.99% purity, ranging in sizes from 1″ to 8″ in diameter, and from 0.25″ or 0.125″ in thickness. (sciengineeredmaterials.com)
Molecular Dynamics and Structure of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Chains Grafted from Barium Titanate Nanoparticles. (bvsalud.org)
Core-shell nanocomposites comprising barium titanate, BaTiO3 (BTO), and poly(methyl methacrylate) ( PMMA ) chains grafted from its surface with varied grafting densities were prepared. (bvsalud.org)

Barium is a silvery-white metal which exists in nature only in ores containing mixtures of elements. (cdc.gov)
Based on limited human and animal data, Oral - Primary route of exposure for duration (how long), and the Barium is a silvery-white metal that the respiratory tract is the most sensitive general population. (cdc.gov)
Barium is a soft silvery-white metal, but it oxidizes very easily in air. (thoughtco.com)

Barium enema is a special x-ray of the large intestine, which includes the colon and rectum. (ucsfhealth.org)
A barium enema is a special type of X-ray test used to examine the large bowel (colon and rectum), which doesn't show up well on normal X-rays. (spirehealthcare.com)

The Global Barium Petroleum Sulfonate Industry 2015 Market Research Report is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Barium Petroleum Sulfonate industry. (cyberessays.com)
Upstream raw materials and equipment and downstream demand analysis is also carried out.The Barium Petroleum Sulfonate industry development trends and marketing channels are analyzed. (cyberessays.com)

Barium and sodium salts were made by neutralizing the acid, and were purified by crystallization. (dictionary.com)
Furthermore, it is a white hygroscopic solid that often form through the decomposition of barium salts. (toppr.com)
Often it forms through the decomposition of other barium salts. (toppr.com)

Our new study provides insights into the generalized nature of barium mobilization as barite is dissolved in organic rich sediments and its redistribution in clay minerals," says senior author Mukul Sharma, a professor of earth sciences. (labmanager.com)

Barium oxide is an extremely insoluble thermally stable barium source suitable for glass, optic, and ceramic applications. (toppr.com)

This test involves drinking a liquid containing barium, a chalky powder that is mixed with water to help easily coat your digestive tract, allowing your doctor to view your pharynx and esophagus through X-rays to look for any abnormalities. (adventhealth.com)

Barium Ferrite has better frequency characteristics compared to metal particles resulting in a significantly increased margin of recording capability. (fujifilm.com)
However, Barium Ferrite is already oxidized and therefore has a much longer life compared to metal particles. (fujifilm.com)
Fuji LTO 7 Ultrium Tape The Fujifilm LTO Ultrium 7 Tape cartridge is produced with Barium Ferrite magnetic particles. (tapeandmedia.com)

The final section, devoted to effects on human health, evaluates findings from large-scale outbreaks of barium poisoning and from epidemiological studies designed to determine whether high barium concentrations in drinking-water are linked to disturbances in cardiovascular function. (who.int)

Radiopaque material (usually barium paste) is instilled into the rectum, and the patient is asked to defecate on a radiolucent toilet. (medscape.com)

American Elements manufactures Barium Zirconium Cerium Yttrium Oxide(or Barium Cerium Yttrium Zirconate) powders in various compositions for applications including SOFC fuel cells . (americanelements.com)

[7] It is also used in the manufacturing process of barium oxide , the vacuum tube industry and for green fire in pyrotechnics . (wikipedia.org)
This is a small vial of superconducting yttrium-barium-copper-oxide powder. (theodoregray.com)
Yttrium barium copper oxide was discovered in the late 1980's as being the first known substance to exhibit superconductivity above 77 Kelvin (-321\272F, -195C) outside of a mind-meltingly strong magnetic field. (theodoregray.com)
The next breakthrough of the same significance would be the discovery of superconductivity at 194 Kelvin, the temperature of dry ice, which at the time of this writing, is not too far from realization (the current recordholder is 138 Kelvin, using a precise composition of Mercury Thallium Barium Calcium Copper Oxide. (theodoregray.com)
The chemical formula of barium oxide is BaO 2 . (toppr.com)
Whereas lead oxide raises the refractive index and it also raises the dispersive power than barium oxide does not alter. (toppr.com)
How to prepare barium oxide? (toppr.com)

Samples were analyzed for 31 metals with five selected elements (barium, beryllium, cadmium, lead and nickel) given emphasis. (cdc.gov)

Named in 1966 as the aluminum end member with barium pharmcosiderite. (webmineral.com)
Barium is also alloyed with silicon and aluminum in load-bearing alloys. (americanelements.com)

Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Barium Chemical & Physical Properties. (thoughtco.com)
Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/barium-element-facts-606503 Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Barium Chemical & Physical Properties. (thoughtco.com)
E. Herrero, E. Valle and M. Galán, "Understanding the Glycoproteins Release from Alginate-Barium Capsules in Physiologic Enviroments," Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science , Vol. 1 No. 4, 2011, pp. 256-270. (scirp.org)
But in their earlier study, the researchers found that chemical reactions between injected freshwater and the fractured shale itself caused barium to leach directly from the fractured rock. (labmanager.com)

Barium is a mineral present in rocks, soil and water. (ewg.org)
Barium phlogopite and kinoshitalite-bearing mineral assemblage of forsterite marbles from Rožná uranium deposit, Moldanubicum, western Moravia Ore-bearing dolomite marbles with rare Ba-micas (kinoshitalite, Ba-phlogopite) were studied in uranium deposit Rožná. (actamm.cz)

The EPA has determined that barium is not likely to be carcinogenic to humans following ingestion and that there is insufficient information to determine whether it will be carcinogenic to humans following inhalation exposure. (cdc.gov)
Avoiding oral contrast ingestion and having the patient evacuate rectally administered barium can enhance the value of CT scanning in the process of fistula identification. (medscape.com)

The diagnosis is based on a colonoscopy, video capsule endoscopy, and imaging tests such as barium x-rays, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. (merckmanuals.com)

A water-soluble contrast medium should be used because leakage of barium into the peritoneum would be catastrophic. (medscape.com)

Barium is contraindicated in cases in which esophageal perforation is suspected. (medscape.com)

Barium decomposes in water or alcohol. (thoughtco.com)

Exposure to barium occurs mostly in the workplace or from drinking contaminated water. (cdc.gov)
In the atmosphere, barium is likely to been derived for intermediate-duration hypokalemia which can result in present in particulate form and is oral exposure (15-364 days). (cdc.gov)
The legal limit for barium, established in 1991, was based on a 10-week study of barium exposure in 11 adult male volunteers. (ewg.org)

We do not know whether children will be more or less sensitive than adults to barium toxicity. (cdc.gov)
The most extensive section evaluates experimental studies of barium toxicity, with particular attention given to reported effects on cardiovascular functions. (who.int)

Ingesting drinking water containing levels of barium above the EPA drinking water guidelines for relatively short periods of time can cause gastrointestinal disturbances and muscle weakness. (cdc.gov)
Barium has been found to potentially cause gastrointestinal disturbances and muscular weakness when people are exposed to it at levels above the EPA drinking water standards for relatively short periods of time. (cdc.gov)

Barium can cause constipation. (cancerresearchuk.org)

3,500 ppm and mean values ranging www.atsdr.cdc.gov concentration of barium in the urine is between 265 and 835 ppm, depending on approximately 1.5 µg/L. soil type. (cdc.gov)

Living in areas with unusually high natural levels of barium in the drinking water. (cdc.gov)
High concentrations of barium in drinking water increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension. (ewg.org)
Water injected into shale formations in hydraulic fracturing returns with extraordinarily high total-dissolved-solids and high concentrations of the toxic metal barium. (labmanager.com)
This paper reports on the development of two families of dry-phase barium chemosensor molecules for use in high pressure xenon gas detectors, synthesized specifically for this purpose. (pnnl.gov)
This interdisciplinary advance, paired with earlier work demonstrating sensitivity to single barium ions in solution, opens a new path toward single ion detection in high pressure xenon gas. (pnnl.gov)
Potassium-deficient individuals, the elderly, exposed workers, and populations consuming high concentrations of barium in drinking water may experience adverse effects on health. (who.int)

Elemental barium does not occur naturally although it has an abundance within the earth's crust of 500 ppm. (goodfellow.com)
In its elemental form, barium is a soft, silvery-gray metal. (americanelements.com)

Barium meal showed indeterminate material filling the stomach fundus. (who.int)

Other sections review what is known about the kinetics and metabolism of barium, discuss its capacity to mimic the role of calcium in many physiological processes, and consider effects on organisms in the environment, including effects on the infectivity of several viruses. (who.int)
Ferro silicium barium podemiddel er en slags FeSi-baseret legering, der indeholder en vis mængde barium og calcium, det kan bemærkelsesværdigt reducere kuldefænomenet, hvilket genererer meget lidt rester.Derfor er ferro silicium barium podemiddel mere effektivt end podemidlet, der kun indeholder calcium, i ad. (fengerdachina.com)
Silicium Calcium Deoxidizer er sammensat af elementerne silicium, calcium og jern, er en ideel sammensat deoxidator, afsvovlingsmiddel.Det er meget udbredt i højkvalitetsstål, lavkulstofstål, rustfrit stålproduktion og nikkelbaseret legering, titanlegering og anden speciallegeringsproduktion. (fengerdachina.com)

Evaluation of the colon may be accomplished by means of colonoscopy or barium enema. (medscape.com)

What happens to barium when it enters the environment? (cdc.gov)
When barium enters your colon, you may feel like you need to have a bowel movement. (ucsfhealth.org)

Barium was discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1772 and first isolated by Humphry Davy in 1808. (americanelements.com)

Key market insights including Barium Petroleum Sulfonate market trends, drivers, opportunities and challenges of operating in Barium Petroleum Sulfonate market during 2020. (marketresearch.com)

in the gastrointestinal tract is an barium. (cdc.gov)

Working in a job that involves barium production or use. (cdc.gov)

Your radiologist or radiographer takes a series of x-rays as the barium passes down your throat and into your stomach. (cancerresearchuk.org)

Anatomy6

Organisms3

Diseases25

Chemicals and Drugs27

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes6

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Nonbehavioral selection for pawns, mutants of Paramecium aurelia with decreased excitability. (1/1812)

Inducible genetic suppression of neuronal excitability. (2/1812)

Activation of human D3 dopamine receptor inhibits P/Q-type calcium channels and secretory activity in AtT-20 cells. (3/1812)

Volume regulation following hypotonic shock in isolated crypts of mouse distal colon. (4/1812)

Modulation of chloride, potassium and bicarbonate transport by muscarinic receptors in a human adenocarcinoma cell line. (5/1812)

Selective activation of heterologously expressed G protein-gated K+ channels by M2 muscarinic receptors in rat sympathetic neurones. (6/1812)

Kir2.1 encodes the inward rectifier potassium channel in rat arterial smooth muscle cells. (7/1812)

Cross-coupling between voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and ryanodine receptors in developing ascidian muscle blastomeres. (8/1812)

Barium Sulfate

Barium

Barium Compounds

Enema

Strontium

Diverticulum, Colon

Sigmoidoscopy

Macrocystis

Colonic Diseases

Colonoscopy

Deglutition Disorders

Contrast Media

Esophageal Achalasia

Barium Radioisotopes

Potassium

Fluoroscopy

Hernia, Hiatal

Deglutition

Laminaria

Manometry

Membrane Potentials

Esophagus

Calcium

Cholecystography

Potassium Channels

Colonography, Computed Tomographic

Esophageal Diseases

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

Diverticulum, Esophageal

Electron Probe Microanalysis

Intestinal Obstruction

Diatrizoate Meglumine

Occult Blood

Bisacodyl

Intussusception

Cesium

Water Wells

Cecal Diseases

Respiratory Aspiration

Ion Channels

Duodenal Diseases

Calcium Channels

Colon, Sigmoid

Diverticulosis, Colonic

Rectum

Microradiography

Megacolon

Potassium Channel Blockers

Zeolites

Chlorides

Ileal Diseases

Explosive Agents

Gastrointestinal Transit

Metal Ceramic Alloys

4-Aminopyridine

Cations, Divalent

Gallopamil

Melena

Esophageal Sphincter, Lower

Tetraethylammonium

Colonic Polyps

Radiography, Abdominal

Radiography

Intestinal Polyps

Stomach Volvulus

Electrophysiology

Diverticulum

Electric Conductivity

Tetraethylammonium Compounds

Patch-Clamp Techniques

Diverticulitis, Colonic

Cathartics

Intestinal Fistula

Duodenal Obstruction

Pneumonia, Aspiration

Calcium Channel Blockers

Rana catesbeiana

Esophagoscopy

Ileocecal Valve

Pliability