Balamuthia mandrillaris
Amebiasis
Lobosea
Amoebozoa
Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections
Amoeba
Encephalitis
Meningoencephalitis
Naegleria fowleri
Amebicides
Protozoan Infections
Trophozoites
Acanthamoeba
Fatal Outcome
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Pentamidine
Opportunistic Infections
RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris. (1/5)
A 51-year-old immunocompetent Japanese woman presented with a rare case of granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris. She was brought to our hospital with epilepsy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a homogeneously enhanced solitary mass in the left frontal lobe. Histological diagnosis was made by a biopsy, which suggested lymphomatoid granulomatosis. After that, her neurological condition got worse. New masses were found and had spread across the whole brain. She died 2 months later of cerebral hernia. Autopsy revealed that the patient had GAE caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris. GAE is usually fatal, and is difficult to diagnose except at autopsy. Therefore, awareness of this disease is important, and earlier diagnosis and the development of a better therapeutic strategy will improve clinical outcome. (+info)Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba amebic encephalitis with neurotoxoplasmosis coinfection in a patient with advanced HIV infection. (2/5)
(+info)Fatal Balamuthia amebic encephalitis in a healthy child: a case report with review of survival cases. (3/5)
(+info)Investigational drug available directly from CDC for the treatment of infections with free-living amebae. (4/5)
Infections caused by free-living amebae (FLA) are severe and life-threatening. These infections include primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by Naegleria fowleri and granulomatous amebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba species. Although several drugs have in vitro activity against FLA, mortality from these infections remains>90% despite treatment with combinations of drugs. (+info)Successful treatment of granulomatous amoebic encephalitis with combination antimicrobial therapy. (5/5)
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) is a rare but fatal infection. Due to its nonspecific symptoms and laboratory and neuroradiological findings, it is rarely diagnosed antemortem. We herein present the case of a 72-year-old Japanese woman who was diagnosed with GAE following the detection of a pathogen similar to Balamuthia mandrillaris under a microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid sediment and who achieved remission with combination antimicrobial therapy. There are no previous reports of pathogens similar to B. mandrillaris being detected in cerebrospinal fluid antemortem; therefore, this case may be used as a benchmark for further studies. (+info)
Balamuthia mandrillaris | Mmolecular
CIL:24566, Balamuthia mandrillaris, cell by organism, eukaryotic cell, Eukaryotic Protist, Amoeboid Protist. CIL. Dataset
CIL:24576, Balamuthia mandrillaris, cell by organism, eukaryotic cell, Eukaryotic Protist, Amoeboid Protist. CIL. Dataset
Pharmacotherapy Test
Academic Journals
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Successful Treatment of Balamuthia Amoebic Encephalitis: Presentation of 2 Cases : Clinical Infectious Diseases - oi
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Free-living Amoebozoa infection - Wikipedia
Naegleria
Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea". FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology. 50 (1): 1-26. doi: ...
Free-living Amoebozoa infection
and Balamuthia mandrillaris cysts and trophozoites are found in tissue.[citation needed] In Acanthamoeba infections, the ... and Balamuthia mandrillaris are opportunistic free-living amoebae capable of causing granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) ... Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea". FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology. 50 (1): 1-26. ... B. mandrillaris however, has not been isolated from the environment but has been isolated from autopsy specimens of infected ...
Sappinia diploidea
Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea". FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 50 (1): 1-26. doi:10.1111/j. ...
Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis
In more modern references, the term "balamuthia amoebic encephalitis" (BAE) is commonly used when Balamuthia mandrillaris is ... Matin, A.; Siddiqui, R.; Jung, S.; Kim, K.; Stins, M.; Khan, N. (2007). "Balamuthia mandrillaris interactions with human brain ... Intalapaporn P, Suankratay C, Shuangshoti S, Phantumchinda K, Keelawat S, Wilde H (1 June 2004). "Balamuthia mandrillaris ... "Post-mortem culture of Balamuthia mandrillaris from the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of a case of granulomatous amoebic ...
Nasal irrigation
"Fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris brain infection associated with improper nasal lavage". IJID Online. International Journal of ... In 2018, a patient was reported to have contracted Balamuthia mandrillaris after one month of using tap water filtered through ...
Amoeba
Balamuthia mandrillaris is the cause of (often fatal) granulomatous amoebic meningoencephalitis. Amoeba have been found to ...
Acanthamoeba
... infection Balamuthia mandrillaris Marciano-Cabral F, Cabral G (April 2003). "Acanthamoeba spp. as agents of ...
Protist
Siddiqui R, Kulsoom H, Lalani S, Khan NA (July 2016). "Isolation of Balamuthia mandrillaris-specific antibody fragments from a ...
Cutaneous amoebiasis
Balamuthia mandrillaris can also cause cutaneous amoebiasis, but can prove fatal if the amoeba enters the bloodstream It is ... "Fatal granulomatous amebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris presenting as a skin lesion". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. ... "The interaction between the amoeba Balamuthia mandrillaris and extracellular matrix glycoproteins in vitro". Parasitology. 134 ...
Antiparasitic
Balsam of Peru, which has antiparasitic attributes Naegleria fowleri Balamuthia mandrillaris Kappagoda, Shanthi; Singh, Upinder ...
Miltefosine
Balamuthia mandrillaris, and Acanthamoeba. However, later studies showed that it is not as potent as other drugs, such as ... Balamuthia mandrillaris, Acanthamoeba spp., and Naegleria fowleri". The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 53 (2): 121-6. doi: ... "The in vitro efficacy of antimicrobial agents against the pathogenic free-living amoeba Balamuthia mandrillaris". Journal of ... mainly used to treat leishmaniasis and free-living amoeba infections such as Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris. ...
Naegleriasis
The term has also been applied to Balamuthia mandrillaris, causing some confusion between the two; Balamuthia mandrillaris is ... Balamuthia mandrillaris - unrelated pathogenic organism that shares the same common name as N. fowleri Fortin, Jacey (25 July ... Shadrach, WS; Rydzewski, K; Laube, U; Holland, G; Ozel, M; Kiderlen, AF; Flieger, A (May 2005). "Balamuthia mandrillaris, free- ...
Harold Kirby (zoologist)
drawings, offprints, and research notes from 1931 to 1964) "Parasites - Balamuthia mandrillaris - Granulomatous Amebic ... in 1939 with Kirby as thesis advisor and in whose honor the amoebic genus Balamuthia is named. William Balamuth and Dorothy ...
Amoebozoa
Entamoeba histolytica Acanthamoeba Balamuthia mandrillaris Endolimax The recently available Acanthamoeba genome sequence ...
Sappinia
Acanthamoeba species and Balamuthia mandrillaris usually only cause disease in immunocompromised patients and Entamoeba ... Balamuthia mandrillaris, or Entamoeba histolytica. These infections are rare, and usually lethal. Naegleria fowleri causes ...
Human parasite
... causes babesiosis Balamuthia mandrillaris: causes granulomatous amoebic encephalitis Cryptosporidium: causes cryptosporidiosis ...
Emerging infectious disease
Balamuthia mandrillaris (category B) St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV, category B) Tick-borne hemorrhagic fever viruses ( ...
Brain-eating amoeba
... incidence of fatality Balamuthia mandrillaris, which causes a (usually slowly) progressive brain and skin infection with ...
List of parasitic organisms
... can cause Amoebiasis Acanthamoeba Balamuthia mandrillaris Giardia Cyclospora cayetanensis Cryptosporidium Toxoplasma gondii ...
Naegleria fowleri
Acanthamoeba - an amoeba that can cause amoebic keratitis and encephalitis in humans Balamuthia mandrillaris - an amoeba that ...
Albendazole
... when caused by the amoeba Balamuthia mandrillaris, in combination with miltefosine and fluconazole Arthropods Crusted scabies, ...
Balamuthia infection
After extensive research, B. mandrillaris was declared a new species in 1993. Since then, more than 200 cases of Balamuthia ... Scientists at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) first discovered Balamuthia mandrillaris in 1986. The amoeba ... Balamuthia infection is a cutaneous condition resulting from Balamuthia that may result in various skin lesions.: 422 ... The Balamuthia amoebae can then travel to the brain through the bloodstream and cause GAE. GAE is a very rare disease that is ...
Balamuthia mandrillaris
Balamuthia , Parasites , CDC for images: Cyst of B. mandrillaris and Trophozoite of B. mandrillaris in culture. Credit: DPDx ( ... Balamuthia mandrillaris does not feed on bacteria (at least in laboratory conditions). Instead, Balamuthia must be cultured on ... B. mandrillaris can infect the body through open wounds or by inhalation. Balamuthia has been isolated in nature. It is ... Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living amoeba that causes the rare but deadly neurological condition granulomatous amoebic ...
List of parasites of humans
Balamuthia mandrillaris brain, skin culture worldwide via inhalation or skin lesion Babesiosis Babesia B. divergens, B. ...
Health Promotion Materials | Balamuthia | Parasites | CDC
Message: Facts about Balamuthia mandrillaris.. Audience: Designed for the general public.. Fact Sheet: Balamuthia mandrillaris ... Below are links to fact sheets on Balamuthia-related topics that can be displayed in public places or distributed to specific ...
Volume 20, Number 9-September 2014 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
... and Balamuthia mandrillaris amebae. In many of the clusters, identification of the cause was complicated by delayed diagnosis ...
Publications, Data, & Statistics | Balamuthia | Parasites | CDC
Education and information about balamuthia sources of infection and risk factors. ... Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea.external icon FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2007;50(1):1-26. ... Kiderlen, AF, Radam E, Lewin A. Detection of Balamuthia mandrillaris DNA by real-time PCR targeting the RNase P gene.external ... Cary LC, Maul E, Potter C, Wong P, Nelson PT, Given C, Robertson W. Balamuthia mandrillaris meningoencephalitis: survival of a ...
Probable Rabies Virus Transmission through Organ Transplantation, China, 2015 - Volume 22, Number 8-August 2016 - Emerging...
... and Balamuthia mandrillaris amebae, have been reported in clusters of solid organ transplant recipients (16). The occurrence of ...
Fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris Meningoencephalitis in the Netherlands after Travel to The Gambia - Volume 21, Number 5-May 2015 ...
Jayasekera S, Sissons J, Tucker J, Rogers C, Nolder D, Warhurst D, Post-mortem culture of Balamuthia mandrillaris from the ... Detection of Balamuthia mandrillaris DNA by real-time PCR targeting the RNase P gene. BMC Microbiol. 2008;8:210. DOIPubMed ... The public health threat from Balamuthia mandrillaris in the southern United States. J La State Med Soc. 2011;163:197-204 . ... Fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris Meningoencephalitis in the Netherlands after Travel to The Gambia On This Page ...
Balamuthia | Parasites | CDC
Education and information about balamuthia, including fact sheets and information on prevention and control, epidemiology, ... Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living ameba (a single-celled living organism) naturally found in the environment. Balamuthia ... Parasites - Balamuthia mandrillaris - Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis (GAE). ...
Balamuthia mandrillaris - Wikipedia
Balamuthia , Parasites , CDC for images: Cyst of B. mandrillaris and Trophozoite of B. mandrillaris in culture. Credit: DPDx ( ... Balamuthia mandrillaris does not feed on bacteria (at least in laboratory conditions). Instead, Balamuthia must be cultured on ... B. mandrillaris can infect the body through open wounds or by inhalation. Balamuthia has been isolated in nature. It is ... Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living amoeba that causes the rare but deadly neurological condition granulomatous amoebic ...
Etymologia: Balamuthia mandrillaris - Volume 21, Number 5-May 2015 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Balamuthia mandrillaris [balʺə-mooʹthe-ə manʺdril-aʹris]. A free-living ameba naturally found in the environment, Balamuthia ... Balamuthia mandrillaris, n. g., n. sp., agent of amebic meningoencephalitis in humans and other animals. J Eukaryot Microbiol. ... Etymologia: Balamuthia mandrillaris. Volume 21, Number 5-May 2015. Article Views: 175. Data is collected weekly and does not ... Balamuthia mandrillaris transmitted through organ transplantation-Mississippi, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59:1165-70 ...
Clinical metagenomic identification of Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis and assembly of the draft genome: the continuing...
In this study, we sequenced a full draft assembly of the Balamuthia mandrillaris genome (44.2 Mb in size) from a rare ... Comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genome and high-copy number genes from six additional Balamuthia mandrillaris strains ... These results underscore the diverse evolutionary origins of Balamuthia mandrillaris, provide new targets for diagnostic assay ... and SURPI bioinformatics analysis to diagnose an ultimately fatal case of Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis in a 15-year-old ...
Balamuthia Mandrillaris Disease| CDC
Etymologia: Balamuthia mandrillaris - Volume 21, Number 5-May 2015 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Balamuthia mandrillaris [balʺə-mooʹthe-ə manʺdril-aʹris]. A free-living ameba naturally found in the environment, Balamuthia ... Balamuthia mandrillaris, n. g., n. sp., agent of amebic meningoencephalitis in humans and other animals. J Eukaryot Microbiol. ... Etymologia: Balamuthia mandrillaris. Volume 21, Number 5-May 2015. Article Views: 175. Data is collected weekly and does not ... Balamuthia mandrillaris transmitted through organ transplantation-Mississippi, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59:1165-70 ...
Balamuthia mandrillaris death reported in China - Outbreak News Today
Cyst of Balamuthia mandrillaris. Image/CDC. B.mandrillaris amoebic encephalitis (BAE) is more frequently found in warmer ... 2 thoughts on "Balamuthia mandrillaris death reported in China". * Pingback: dia22jan , 感染対策ネットワーク ... Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living soil ameba that was first reported in 1990 to cause amebic meningoencephalitis in both ... The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says Balamuthia infection is very rare. The Balamuthia amoebas can infect ...
Balamuthia mandrillaris Archives - Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases
Amebic Meningoencephalitis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillari s , as well as species of Acanthamoeba and Sappinia. (See Etiology. ... Amebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris: report of four cases. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003 May. 22(5):447-53. [ ... Bravo FG, Alvarez PJ, Gotuzzo E. Balamuthia mandrillaris infection of the skin and central nervous system: an emerging disease ... An autopsy case of Balamuthia mandrillaris amoebic encephalitis, a rare emerging infectious disease, with a brief review of the ...
Parasitic Diseases: MedlinePlus
Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
Successful Treatment of Balamuthia mandrillaris Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis with Nitroxoline [PDF - 1.61 MB - 5 pages] N ... Successful Treatment of Balamuthia mandrillaris Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis with Nitroxoline. Emerging Infectious ... Successful Treatment of Balamuthia mandrillaris Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis with Nitroxoline. Emerg Infect Dis. 2023;29(1 ... A patient in California, USA, with rare and usually fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris granulomatous amebic encephalitis survived ...
Encephalitis Caused by Pathogens Transmitted through Organ Transplants, United States, 2002-2013 - Volume 20, Number 9...
Balamuthia mandrillaris Amebae. B. mandrillaris, a species of small, free-living, aerobic amebae, has been reported as a cause ... Balamuthia mandrillaris transmitted through organ transplantation-Mississippi, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59:1165-70 ... Balamuthia mandrillaris infection. J Med Microbiol. 2001;50:205-7 .PubMedGoogle Scholar ... Balamuthia mandrillaris infection of the skin and central nervous system: an emerging disease of concern to many specialties in ...
Fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris infection with red plaques on the nasal dorsum as the first presentation | Anais Brasileiros de...
Balamuthia mandrillaris infection is a rare and fatal disease caused by B. mandrillaris amoeba, which was first isolated from a ... This is a report of a case of Balamuthia mandrillaris infection in a Chinese boy, with red plaques on the nasal dorsum as the ... Balamuthia mandrillaris infection is a rare infectious disease around the world, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. ... Fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris infection with red plaques on the nasal dorsum as the first presentation ...
CVI Member's Publications | Stanford Cardiovascular Institute | Stanford Medicine
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Sensitive universal detection of blood parasites by selective pathogen-DNA enrichment and deep amplicon sequencing | Microbiome...
Yang Y, Hu X, Min L, Dong X, Guan Y. Balamuthia mandrillaris-related primary amoebic encephalitis in China diagnosed by next ... Diagnosing Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis with metagenomic deep sequencing. Ann Neurol. 2015;78(5):722-30. ... including four cases of Balamuthia mandrillaris-induced granulocytic amoebic encephalitis [10,11,12], one of Taenia solium ...
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org
Mom finds note from son who died of infection
Identification of amoebae in the CSF in a patient with meningoencephalitis | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
... and Balamuthia mandrillaris.1 The diagnosis is usually made by microscopic examination of stained slices of brain specimens ... which is caused by Acanthamoeba spp and Balamuthia mandrillaris and is characterised by focal granulomatous lesions in the ... can help in discriminating acathamoeba from balamuthia, as some differences in shape, dimensions, nuclei, and cytoplasm have ... usually consists of non-nutrient agar covered with bacteria for Acanthamoeba spp or mammalian cell lines for B mandrillaris. ...
Brain-eating amoeba may have come from neti pot
CDC-Authored Genomics and Precision Health Publications Database|Home|PHGKB
Code System Concept
Entamoeba histolytica Amebiasis - Digestive System - Merck Veterinary Manual
TWiP 175 letters | This Week in Parasitism
Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, Malaria, cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. PD7 posted that both Balamuthia ... Both B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri were not consistent with our patient symptoms, because he lacks CNS involvement, or the ... mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri Could be found in the perfunctorily named Protozoans of Minor Medical Importance,(can you guys ...
Naegleria Infection and Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies, Other Tests
Tropical Parasitology : Table of Contents
B. mandrillaris can enter through wounds on the skin or the nose and cause cutaneous lesions and the usually fatal Balamuthia ... Balamuthia mandrillaris is an opportunistic, free-living ameba that is pathogenic to humans. It has a worldwide distribution ... Balamuthia mandrillaris: An opportunistic, free-living ameba - An updated review p. 78. ... Balamuthia infections are rare but have been reported in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals of all ages. ...
Impact of donor multidrug-resistant organisms on solid organ transplant recipient outcomes
Acanthamoeba6
- The amoeba cannot be cultured on an agar plate coated with E. coli because, unlike Naegleria or Acanthamoeba, Balamuthia mandrillaris does not feed on bacteria (at least in laboratory conditions). (wikipedia.org)
- It is thought that N. Fowleri causes an acute inflammatory cytokine response, whereas Acanthamoeba and Balamuthia spp. (medscape.com)
- More typically, GAE results from hematogenous seeding of the CNS following primary inoculation of the lungs or skin by B mandrillaris, Acanthamoeba, or Sappinia species. (medscape.com)
- When combined with other antibiotics and antifungals, miltefosine has helped some patients survive a FLA infection called granulomatous amebic encephalitis, which is caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba . (medscape.com)
- It is available for treatment of free-living ameba (FLA) infections caused by Naegleria fowleri, Balamuthia mandrillaris, and Acanthamoeba species. (cdc.gov)
- 1, 2 In the central nervous system (CNS), two main, well defined disease entities have been described: primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, which is caused by Naegleria fowlery and is rapidly fatal, and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, which is caused by Acanthamoeba spp and Balamuthia mandrillaris and is characterised by focal granulomatous lesions in the brain following a subacute or chronic course. (bmj.com)
Encephalitis6
- Balamuthia can cause a rare * and serious infection of the brain called granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE). (cdc.gov)
- Balamuthia mandrillaris - granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE) [cited 2015 Feb 10]. (cdc.gov)
- Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living amoeba that causes the rare but deadly neurological condition granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE). (wikipedia.org)
- Two kidney recipients, a 31-year-old woman and a 27-year-old man, suffered from post-transplant encephalitis due to Balamuthia. (wikipedia.org)
- Diagnosing Balamuthia mandrillaris Encephalitis With Metagenomic Deep Sequencing. (cdc.gov)
- B. mandrillaris can enter through wounds on the skin or the nose and cause cutaneous lesions and the usually fatal Balamuthia amebic encephalitis (BAE). (tropicalparasitology.org)
Ameba6
- Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living ameba (a single-celled living organism) naturally found in the environment. (cdc.gov)
- A free-living ameba naturally found in the environment, Balamuthia mandrillaris can cause a serious infection of the brain, other organs (skin, liver, kidneys), and rarely, spinal cord. (cdc.gov)
- Balamuthia mandrillaris is an opportunistic, free-living ameba that is pathogenic to humans. (tropicalparasitology.org)
- A frame from the grouped movie of a Balamuthia mandrillaris ameba within a culture of monkey kidney cells. (ucsd.edu)
- A single frame from the movie (CIL:20154) that shows a large rounded monkey kidney cell being penetrated by a pseudopodium followed by the whole Balamuthia ameba. (ucsd.edu)
- An ameba, Balamuthia mandrillaris, within a culture of monkey kidney feeder cells. (ucsd.edu)
Amoeba9
- B. mandrillaris is a soil-dwelling amoeba and was first discovered in 1986 in the brain of a mandrill that died in the San Diego Wild Animal Park. (wikipedia.org)
- B. mandrillaris is a free-living, heterotrophic amoeba, consisting of a standard complement of organelles surrounded by a three-layered cell wall (thought to be made of cellulose), and with an abnormally large cell nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
- Leland Shoemake was receiving treatment at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta after being infected with an amoeba called Balamuthia mandrillaris that infected his brain. (10news.com)
- According to the doctors who treated the woman, the non-sterile water that she used it thought to have contained Balamuthia mandrillaris , an amoeba that over the course of weeks to months can cause a very rare and almost always fatal infection in the brain. (kjrh.com)
- According to the CDC, most cases of Balamuthia mandrillaris aren't diagnosed until immediately before death or after death, so doctors don't have a lot of experience treating the amoeba and know little about how a person becomes infected. (kjrh.com)
- have robust source water protection programs" and treatment programs, and she noted that "Well protected groundwater supplies are logically expected to be free of any such large amoeba" such as Balamuthia. (kjrh.com)
- Poor Seattle woman dies from brain-eating amoeba Balamuthia mandrillaris she foolishly introduced through her nose. (blogspot.com)
- As if that wasn't bad enough luck, the woman also died from the type of amoeba that is least-known by doctors â€" Balamuthia mandrillaris. (bellgab.com)
- You may recall the news story about a woman from Seattle whose brain was being eaten away by a rare brain infection called Balamuthia mandrillaris (an amoeba found in soil and freshwater, which generally causes no harm to humans). (nutristart.com)
Amebae4
- Originally isolated from the brain of a mandrill that died of meningoencephalitis at the San Diego Zoo, Balamuthia mandrillaris is named for the late professor William Balamuth of the University of California at Berkeley, for his contributions to the study of amebae. (cdc.gov)
- At the same time, and xenic culture is also performed to help differentiate between Balamuthia and other amebae. (wikipedia.org)
- Cases have been caused by emerging pathogens, including West Nile virus, rabies virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and Balamuthia mandrillaris amebae. (cdc.gov)
- Cases were caused by infections from transplant-transmitted pathogens: West Nile virus, rabies virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and Balamuthia mandrillaris amebae. (cdc.gov)
Trophozoites1
- The life cycle of Balamuthia involves two stages: trophozoites and the cyst. (benthambooks.com)
Lesions2
- Balamuthia may also cause a variety of non-neurological symptoms, including skin lesions, which can progress to GAE. (wikipedia.org)
- Balamuthia lesions are most often painless. (wikipedia.org)
Organ transplantation3
- More recently, B. mandrillaris has been shown to be transmissible through organ transplantation. (cdc.gov)
- Balamuthia mandrillaris transmitted through organ transplantation-Mississippi, 2009. (cdc.gov)
- According to a report published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report in September 2010, two confirmed cases of Balamuthia transmission occurred through organ transplantation in December 2009 in Mississippi. (wikipedia.org)
Immunocompetent1
- Balamuthia infections are rare but have been reported in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals of all ages. (tropicalparasitology.org)
Visvesvara1
- The generic name Balamuthia was given by Govinda Visvesvara, after his mentor, parasitologist William Balamuth, for his contributions to the study of amoebae. (wikipedia.org)
Fatal1
- Serologic survey for exposure following fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris infection. (notifylibrary.org)
Focal1
- Balamuthia-induced GAE can cause focal paralysis, seizures, and brainstem symptoms such as facial paralysis, difficulty swallowing, and double vision. (wikipedia.org)
Wounds1
- B. mandrillaris can infect the body through open wounds or by inhalation. (wikipedia.org)
Infections1
- Few patients have survived Balamuthia infections with antimicrobial treatment that has largely been empirical. (tropicalparasitology.org)
Cases1
- Balamuthia Mandrillaris: Over 200 cases were reported from South America and United States. (benthambooks.com)
Brain3
- Balamuthia is most easily identifiable in a brain biopsy performed on an individual suffering from GAE. (wikipedia.org)
- Instead, Balamuthia must be cultured on primate hepatocytes or human brain microvascular endothelial cells (the cells that constitute the blood-brain barrier). (wikipedia.org)
- Several types of animal cells have been used in B. mandrillaris culturing including rat glioma cells, human lung cells, and human brain microvascular endothelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
- B. mandrillaris is larger than human leukocytes, thus making phagocytosis impossible. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment1
- In 2018, an unsuccessful attempt at treatment of a Balamuthia infection after nasal lavage with untreated tap water was reported. (wikipedia.org)