Bacteriochlorophyll a. Medical search

Pyrrole containing pigments found in photosynthetic bacteria.

A specific bacteriochlorophyll that is similar in structure to chlorophyll a.

A phylum of anoxygenic, phototrophic bacteria including the family Chlorobiaceae. They occur in aquatic sediments, sulfur springs, and hot springs and utilize reduced sulfur compounds instead of oxygen.

A genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped, phototrophic bacteria found in aquatic environments. Internal photosynthetic membranes are present as lamellae underlying the cytoplasmic membrane.

Organelles of phototrophic bacteria which contain photosynthetic pigments and which are formed from an invagination of the cytoplasmic membrane.

Spherical phototrophic bacteria found in mud and stagnant water exposed to light.

A genus of phototrophic, obligately anaerobic bacteria in the family Chlorobiaceae. They are found in hydrogen sulfide-containing mud and water environments.

Complexes containing CHLOROPHYLL and other photosensitive molecules. They serve to capture energy in the form of PHOTONS and are generally found as components of the PHOTOSYSTEM I PROTEIN COMPLEX or the PHOTOSYSTEM II PROTEIN COMPLEX.

Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.

A genus of gram-negative, spiral bacteria that possesses internal photosynthetic membranes. Its organisms divide by binary fission, are motile by means of polar flagella, and are found in aquatic environments.

Protein complexes that take part in the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS. They are located within the THYLAKOID MEMBRANES of plant CHLOROPLASTS and a variety of structures in more primitive organisms. There are two major complexes involved in the photosynthetic process called PHOTOSYSTEM I and PHOTOSYSTEM II.

An order of photosynthetic bacteria representing a physiological community of predominantly aquatic bacteria.

Non-pathogenic ovoid to rod-shaped bacteria that are widely distributed and found in fresh water as well as marine and hypersaline habitats.

The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds. Photosynthesis comprises two separate processes: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In higher plants; GREEN ALGAE; and CYANOBACTERIA; NADPH and ATP formed by the light reactions drive the dark reactions which result in the fixation of carbon dioxide. (from Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001)

Vibrio- to spiral-shaped phototrophic bacteria found in stagnant water and mud exposed to light.

The general name for a group of fat-soluble pigments found in green, yellow, and leafy vegetables, and yellow fruits. They are aliphatic hydrocarbons consisting of a polyisoprene backbone.

A genus of gram-negative, ovoid to rod-shaped bacteria that is phototrophic. All species use ammonia as a nitrogen source. Some strains are found only in sulfide-containing freshwater habitats exposed to light while others may occur in marine, estuarine, and freshwater environments.

Processes by which phototrophic organisms use sunlight as their primary energy source. Contrasts with chemotrophic processes which do not depend on light and function in deriving energy from exogenous chemical sources. Photoautotrophy (or photolithotrophy) is the ability to use sunlight as energy to fix inorganic nutrients to be used for other organic requirements. Photoautotrophs include all GREEN PLANTS; GREEN ALGAE; CYANOBACTERIA; and green and PURPLE SULFUR BACTERIA. Photoheterotrophs or photoorganotrophs require a supply of organic nutrients for their organic requirements but use sunlight as their primary energy source; examples include certain PURPLE NONSULFUR BACTERIA. Depending on environmental conditions some organisms can switch between different nutritional modes (AUTOTROPHY; HETEROTROPHY; chemotrophy; or phototrophy) to utilize different sources to meet their nutrients and energy requirements.

A class in the phylum PROTEOBACTERIA comprised mostly of two major phenotypes: purple non-sulfur bacteria and aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacteria.

Chlorophylls from which the magnesium has been removed by treatment with weak acid.

Any normal or abnormal coloring matter in PLANTS; ANIMALS or micro-organisms.

Life or metabolic reactions occurring in an environment containing oxygen.

A family of phototrophic bacteria, in the order Rhodospirillales, isolated from stagnant water and mud.

A family of phototrophic purple sulfur bacteria that deposit globules of elemental sulfur inside their cells. They are found in diverse aquatic environments.

A genus of gram-negative bacteria widely distributed in fresh water as well as marine and hypersaline habitats.

Keto acids that are derivatives of 4-oxopentanoic acids (levulinic acid).

That portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared range.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

Four PYRROLES joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one to position 5 of the next. The conjugated bond system results in PIGMENTATION.

One of the early purine analogs showing antineoplastic activity. It functions as an antimetabolite and is easily incorporated into ribonucleic acids.

A family in the order Rhodobacterales, class ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA.

Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.

The transfer of energy of a given form among different scales of motion. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed). It includes the transfer of kinetic energy and the transfer of chemical energy. The transfer of chemical energy from one molecule to another depends on proximity of molecules so it is often used as in techniques to measure distance such as the use of FORSTER RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER.

DNA sequences encoding RIBOSOMAL RNA and the segments of DNA separating the individual ribosomal RNA genes, referred to as RIBOSOMAL SPACER DNA.

The large pigment cells of fish, amphibia, reptiles and many invertebrates which actively disperse and aggregate their pigment granules. These cells include MELANOPHORES, erythrophores, xanthophores, leucophores and iridiophores. (In algae, chromatophores refer to CHLOROPLASTS. In phototrophic bacteria chromatophores refer to membranous organelles (BACTERIAL CHROMATOPHORES).)

A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.

The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.

The measurement of the amplitude of the components of a complex waveform throughout the frequency range of the waveform. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The salinated water of OCEANS AND SEAS that provides habitat for marine organisms.

A genus of obligately aerobic marine phototrophic and chemoorganotrophic bacteria, in the family RHODOBACTERACEAE.

The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

Products of the hydrolysis of chlorophylls in which the phytic acid side chain has been removed and the carboxylic acids saponified.

A family of gram-negative, asporogenous rods or ovoid cells, aerobic or facultative anaerobic chemoorganotrophs. They are commonly isolated from SOIL, activated sludge, or marine environments.

The processes by which organisms utilize organic substances as their nutrient sources. Contrasts with AUTOTROPHIC PROCESSES which make use of simple inorganic substances as the nutrient supply source. Heterotrophs can be either chemoheterotrophs (or chemoorganotrophs) which also require organic substances such as glucose for their primary metabolic energy requirements, or photoheterotrophs (or photoorganotrophs) which derive their primary energy requirements from light. Depending on environmental conditions some organisms can switch between different nutritional modes (AUTOTROPHY; heterotrophy; chemotrophy; or PHOTOTROPHY) to utilize different sources to meet their nutrients and energy requirements.

A family of gram-negative aerobic bacteria consisting of ellipsoidal to rod-shaped cells that occur singly, in pairs, or in chains.

Stable iron atoms that have the same atomic number as the element iron, but differ in atomic weight. Fe-54, 57, and 58 are stable iron isotopes.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules by the formation of a carbon-oxygen bond. EC 6.1.

Genes, found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which are transcribed to produce the RNA which is incorporated into RIBOSOMES. Prokaryotic rRNA genes are usually found in OPERONS dispersed throughout the GENOME, whereas eukaryotic rRNA genes are clustered, multicistronic transcriptional units.

A genus of vibrioid or rod-shaped cells which are motile by polar flagella. Internal photosynthetic membranes are present as lamellar stacks and contain bacteriochlorophyll a or b and carotenoids. Growth occurs photoautotrophically under anaerobic conditions. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)

The relative amounts of the PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in a nucleic acid.

Spectrophotometry in the infrared region, usually for the purpose of chemical analysis through measurement of absorption spectra associated with rotational and vibrational energy levels of molecules. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Stable oxygen atoms that have the same atomic number as the element oxygen, but differ in atomic weight. O-17 and 18 are stable oxygen isotopes.

A group of compounds containing the porphin structure, four pyrrole rings connected by methine bridges in a cyclic configuration to which a variety of side chains are attached. The nature of the side chain is indicated by a prefix, as uroporphyrin, hematoporphyrin, etc. The porphyrins, in combination with iron, form the heme component in biologically significant compounds such as hemoglobin and myoglobin.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

A genus of facultatively or obligately anaerobic marine phototrophic bacteria, in the family RHODOBACTERACEAE.

A physiologically diverse phylum of acidophilic, gram-negative bacteria found in a wide variety of habitats, but particularly abundant in soils and sediments.

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

A phylum of bacteria consisting of the purple bacteria and their relatives which form a branch of the eubacterial tree. This group of predominantly gram-negative bacteria is classified based on homology of equivalent nucleotide sequences of 16S ribosomal RNA or by hybridization of ribosomal RNA or DNA with 16S and 23S ribosomal RNA.

A genus of green nonsulfur bacteria in the family Chloroflexaceae. They are photosynthetic, thermophilic, filamentous gliding bacteria found in hot springs.

Light harvesting proteins found in phycobilisomes.

The process by which ELECTRONS are transported from a reduced substrate to molecular OXYGEN. (From Bennington, Saunders Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984, p270)

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

A photo-active pigment localized in prolamellar bodies occurring within the proplastids of dark-grown bean leaves. In the process of photoconversion, the highly fluorescent protochlorophyllide is converted to chlorophyll.

Specific particles of membrane-bound organized living substances present in eukaryotic cells, such as the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES.

A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on carbon-carbon bonds. This enzyme group includes all the enzymes that introduce double bonds into substrates by direct dehydrogenation of carbon-carbon single bonds.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Hydrocarbon rings which contain two ketone moieties in any position. They can be substituted in any position except at the ketone groups.

The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)

The absence of light.

A large group of aerobic bacteria which show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method. This is because the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria are low in peptidoglycan and thus have low affinity for violet stain and high affinity for the pink dye safranine.

A group of the proteobacteria comprised of facultatively anaerobic and fermentative gram-negative bacteria.

Water containing no significant amounts of salts, such as water from RIVERS and LAKES.

Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.

The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A hardy grain crop, rye, grown in northern climates. It is the most frequent host to ergot (CLAVICEPS), the toxic fungus. Its hybrid with TRITICUM is TRITICALE, another grain.

A class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of C-C, C-O, and C-N, and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.

A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fill, or loess. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1689)

A family in the order Rhizobiales, class ALPHAPROTEOBACTERIA comprised of many genera of budding or appendaged bacteria.

A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).

A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.

Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Procedures for identifying types and strains of bacteria. The most frequently employed typing systems are BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING and SEROTYPING as well as bacteriocin typing and biotyping.

Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

A cinnamamido ADENOSINE found in STREPTOMYCES alboniger. It inhibits protein synthesis by binding to RNA. It is an antineoplastic and antitrypanosomal agent and is used in research as an inhibitor of protein synthesis.

Analysis of the intensity of Raman scattering of monochromatic light as a function of frequency of the scattered light.

An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.

A change from planar to elliptic polarization when an initially plane-polarized light wave traverses an optically active medium. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

Hemeproteins whose characteristic mode of action involves transfer of reducing equivalents which are associated with a reversible change in oxidation state of the prosthetic group. Formally, this redox change involves a single-electron, reversible equilibrium between the Fe(II) and Fe(III) states of the central iron atom (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p539). The various cytochrome subclasses are organized by the type of HEME and by the wavelength range of their reduced alpha-absorption bands.

Porphyrins with four methyl, two vinyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Protoporphyrin IX occurs in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and most of the cytochromes.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

An enzyme system that catalyzes the fixing of nitrogen in soil bacteria and blue-green algae (CYANOBACTERIA). EC 1.18.6.1.

Preparation for electron microscopy of minute replicas of exposed surfaces of the cell which have been ruptured in the frozen state. The specimen is frozen, then cleaved under high vacuum at the same temperature. The exposed surface is shadowed with carbon and platinum and coated with carbon to obtain a carbon replica.

Alkyl compounds containing a hydroxyl group. They are classified according to relation of the carbon atom: primary alcohols, R-CH2OH; secondary alcohols, R2-CHOH; tertiary alcohols, R3-COH. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

A phylum of oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria comprised of unicellular to multicellular bacteria possessing CHLOROPHYLL a and carrying out oxygenic PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Cyanobacteria are the only known organisms capable of fixing both CARBON DIOXIDE (in the presence of light) and NITROGEN. Cell morphology can include nitrogen-fixing heterocysts and/or resting cells called akinetes. Formerly called blue-green algae, cyanobacteria were traditionally treated as ALGAE.

The scattering of x-rays by matter, especially crystals, with accompanying variation in intensity due to interference effects. Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

An organization of cells into an organ-like structure. Organoids can be generated in culture. They are also found in certain neoplasms.

Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.

In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A nonmetallic element with atomic symbol C, atomic number 6, and atomic weight [12.0096; 12.0116]. It may occur as several different allotropes including DIAMOND; CHARCOAL; and GRAPHITE; and as SOOT from incompletely burned fuel.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds.

A subclass of enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group from one compound to another. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 2.1.1.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule.

Thin structures that encapsulate subcellular structures or ORGANELLES in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. They include a variety of membranes associated with the CELL NUCLEUS; the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon, but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope.

The color-furnishing portion of hemoglobin. It is found free in tissues and as the prosthetic group in many hemeproteins.

A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.

The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in the soil. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

An optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. Lasers operate in the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, or X-ray regions of the spectrum.

The property of emitting radiation while being irradiated. The radiation emitted is usually of longer wavelength than that incident or absorbed, e.g., a substance can be irradiated with invisible radiation and emit visible light. X-ray fluorescence is used in diagnosis.

Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)

Electron microscopy in which the ELECTRONS or their reaction products that pass down through the specimen are imaged below the plane of the specimen.

The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A technique applicable to the wide variety of substances which exhibit paramagnetism because of the magnetic moments of unpaired electrons. The spectra are useful for detection and identification, for determination of electron structure, for study of interactions between molecules, and for measurement of nuclear spins and moments. (From McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 7th edition) Electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy is a variant of the technique which can give enhanced resolution. Electron spin resonance analysis can now be used in vivo, including imaging applications such as MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING.

Molecular characterization of novel red green nonsulfur bacteria from five distinct hot spring communities in Yellowstone National Park. (1/78)

We characterized and compared five geographically isolated hot springs with distinct red-layer communities in Yellowstone National Park. Individual red-layer communities were observed to thrive in temperatures ranging from 35 to 60 degrees C and at pH 7 to 9. All communities were dominated by red filamentous bacteria and contained bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl a), suggesting that they represented novel green nonsulfur (GNS) bacteria. The in vivo absorption spectra of individual sites were different, with two sites showing unusual Bchl a protein absorption bands beyond 900 nm. We prepared and analyzed 16S rRNA libraries from all of these sites by using a combination of general bacterial primers and new GNS-specific primers described here. These studies confirmed the presence of novel GNS-like bacteria in all five communities. All GNS-like clones were most similar to Roseiflexus castenholzii, a red filamentous bacterium from Japan that also contains only Bchl a. Phylogenies constructed by using GNS-like clones from Yellowstone red-layer communities suggest the presence of a moderately diverse new "red" cluster within the GNS lineage. Within this cluster, at least two well-supported subclusters emerged: YRL-A was most similar to Roseiflexus and YRL-B appeared to be novel, containing no known isolates. While these patterns showed some site specificity, they did not correlate with observed Bchl a spectrum differences or obvious features of the habitat. (+info)

The 7.5-A electron density and spectroscopic properties of a novel low-light B800 LH2 from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. (2/78)

A novel low-light (LL) adapted light-harvesting complex II has been isolated from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Previous work has identified a LL B800-850 complex with a heterogeneous peptide composition and reduced absorption at 850 nm. The work presented here shows the 850 nm absorption to be contamination from a high-light B800-850 complex and that the true LL light-harvesting complex II is a novel B800 complex composed of eight alpha beta(d) peptide pairs that exhibits unique absorption and circular dichroism near infrared spectra. Biochemical analysis shows there to be four bacteriochlorophyll molecules per alpha beta peptide rather than the usual three. The electron density of the complex at 7.5 A resolution shows it to be an octamer with exact 8-fold rotational symmetry. A number of bacteriochlorophyll geometries have been investigated by simulation of the circular dichroism and absorption spectra and compared, for consistency, with the electron density. Modeling of the spectra suggests that the B850 bacteriochlorophylls may be arranged in a radial direction rather than the usual tangential arrangement found in B800-850 complexes. (+info)

Photosynthetic apparatus in Roseateles depolymerans 61A is transcriptionally induced by carbon limitation. (3/78)

Production of a photosynthetic apparatus in Roseateles depolymerans 61A, a recently discovered freshwater beta-Proteobacterium showing characteristics of aerobic phototrophic bacteria, was observed when the cells were subjected to a sudden decrease in carbon sources (e.g., when cells grown with 0.1 to 0.4% Casamino Acids were diluted or transferred into medium containing or=0.2% O(2)), and was reduced in the presence of light. Transcription of the R. depolymerans puf operon is considered to be controlled by changes in carbon nutrients in addition to oxygen tension and light intensity. (+info)

Thiobaca trueperi gen. nov., sp. nov., a phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium isolated from freshwater lake sediment. (4/78)

Two strains of a novel species of phototrophic micro-organism were isolated from the sediments of a shallow, freshwater, eutrophic lake. Both strains grew photolithoheterotrophically with sulfide as an electron donor, transiently accumulating intracellular sulfur globules. Photolithoautotrophic growth was not observed. One strain was designated BCH(T) (the type strain) and was studied in most detail. Cells contained bacteriochlorophyll a, and the dominant carotenoid was lycopene. Cell suspensions were brown. The photosynthetic membranes had a vesicular arrangement. Acetate, propionate, pyruvate, succinate and fumarate were each used as electron donors and carbon sources in the presence of sulfide and bicarbonate. In the presence of light, growth did not occur with hydrogen, thiosulfate or iron(II). The optimum temperature for growth was between 25 and 30 degrees C, the maximum being 36 degrees C. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain BCH(T) was 63 mol%. Analysis of the 16S RNA genes showed that both strains belonged to the gamma-subclass of the Proteobacteria but were phylogenetically distinct from any described phototrophic organisms within the Chromatiaceae. On the basis of phylogenetic and physiological differences from other phototrophic microorganisms, strain BCH(T) is described as a novel species of a new genus, Thiobaca trueperi gen. nov., sp. nov. (+info)

Excitation energy transfer dynamics and excited-state structure in chlorosomes of Chlorobium phaeobacteroides. (5/78)

The excited-state relaxation within bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) e and a in chlorosomes of Chlorobium phaeobacteroides has been studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy at room temperature. Singlet-singlet annihilation was observed to strongly influence both the isotropic and anisotropic decays. Pump intensities in the order of 10(11) photons x pulse(-1) x cm(-2) were required to obtain annihilation-free conditions. The most important consequence of applied very low excitation doses is an observation of a subpicosecond process within the BChl e manifold (approximately 200-500 fs), manifesting itself as a rise in the red part of the Q(y) absorption band of the BChl e aggregates. The subsequent decay of the kinetics measured in the BChl e region and the corresponding rise in the baseplate BChl a is not single-exponential, and at least two components are necessary to fit the data, corresponding to several BChl e-->BChl a transfer steps. Under annihilation-free conditions, the anisotropic kinetics show a generally slow decay within the BChl e band (10-20 ps) whereas it decays more rapidly in the BChl a region ( approximately 1 ps). Analysis of the experimental data gives a detailed picture of the overall time evolution of the energy relaxation and energy transfer processes within the chlorosome. The results are interpreted within an exciton model based on the proposed structure. (+info)

Porphyrobacter cryptus sp. nov., a novel slightly thermophilic, aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll a-containing species. (6/78)

Two strains of a novel aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll a-containing species of the alpha-4 subclass of the Proteobacteria were isolated from the hot spring at Alcafache in central Portugal. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analyses showed the two novel isolates to be phylogenetically related to members of the genera Erythrobacter, Erythromicrobium and Porphyrobacter. The strains produce reddish-orange-pigmented colonies, have an optimum growth temperature of about 50 degrees C and could be distinguished from the species Porphyrobacter tepidarius, which also has a high growth temperature, primarily on the basis of the fatty acid composition. The novel species does not grow anaerobically in the presence or absence of a light source. The strains of the novel species utilize several single carbon sources for growth, most of which are also used by P. tepidarius. The species status of strains ALC-2T and ALC-3 was confirmed by low reassociation values of the DNA with species of the genera Erythrobacter, Erythromicrobium and Porphyrobacter. Phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses also show that strains ALC-2T (=DSM 12079T =ATCC BAA-386T) and ALC-3 (=DSM 12080) represent a novel species, for which the name Porphyrobacter cryptus sp. nov. is proposed. (+info)

Aerobic and anaerobic Mg-protoporphyrin monomethyl ester cyclases in purple bacteria: a strategy adopted to bypass the repressive oxygen control system. (7/78)

Two different mechanisms for Mg-protoporphyrin monomethyl ester (MgPMe) cyclization are shown to coexist in Rubrivivax gelatinosus and are proposed to be conserved in all facultative aerobic phototrophs: an anaerobic mechanism active under photosynthesis or low oxygenation, and an aerobic mechanism active only under high oxygenation conditions. This was confirmed by analyzing the bacteriochlorophyll accumulation in the wild type and in three mutant strains grown under low or high aeration. A mutant lacking the acsF gene is photosynthetic, exhibits normal bacteriochlorophyll accumulation under low oxygenation and anaerobiosis, and accumulates MgPMe under high oxygenation. The photosynthesis-deficient bchE mutant produces bacteriochlorophyll only under high oxygenation and accumulates MgPMe under low oxygenation and anaerobiosis. The double knockout mutant is devoid of photosystem and accumulates MgPMe under both conditions indicating the involvement of the two enzymes at the same step of the biosynthesis pathway. Oxygen-mediated expression of bchE was studied in the wild type and in a regulatory mutant. The reverse transcriptase-PCR and the bchE promoter activity results demonstrate that the expression of the bchE gene is oxygen-independent and suggest that it is rather the enzyme activity that should be oxygen-sensitive. No obvious sequence similarities were found between oxygen-dependent AcsF and the oxygen-independent anaerobic Mg-protoporphyrin monomethylester cyclase (BchE) enzymes. However, common to all BchE proteins is the conserved CXXX-CXXC sequence. This motif is essential for 4Fe-4S cluster formation in many anaerobic enzymes. Expression and purification of BchE were achieved, and the UV-visible spectral analyses confirmed the presence of an active 4Fe-4S cluster in this protein. The use of different classes of enzymes catalyzing the same reaction under different oxygen growth conditions appears to be a common feature of different biosynthetic pathways, and the benefit of possessing both aerobic and anaerobic systems is discussed. (+info)

Crystal structure of the RC-LH1 core complex from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. (8/78)

The crystal structure at 4.8 angstrom resolution of the reaction center-light harvesting 1 (RC-LH1) core complex from Rhodopseudomonas palustris shows the reaction center surrounded by an oval LH1 complex that consists of 15 pairs of transmembrane helical alpha- and beta-apoproteins and their coordinated bacteriochlorophylls. Complete closure of the RC by the LH1 is prevented by a single transmembrane helix, out of register with the array of inner LH1 alpha-apoproteins. This break, located next to the binding site in the reaction center for the secondary electron acceptor ubiquinone (UQB), may provide a portal through which UQB can transfer electrons to cytochrome b/c1. (+info)

Structures of some bacteriochlorophylls bacteriochlorophyll a bacteriochlorophyll b bacteriochlorophyll c bacteriochlorophyll d ... bacteriochlorophyll e bacteriochlorophyll f bacteriochlorophyll g Bacteriochlorophylls a, b, and g are bacteriochlorins, ... Bacteriochlorophyll g has a vinyl group in ring (A). There are a large number of known bacteriochlorophylls but all have ... "In Vivo Energy Transfer from Bacteriochlorophyll c , d , e , or f to Bacteriochlorophyll a in Wild-Type and Mutant Cells of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriochlorophyll

It contains bacteriochlorophyll a. It is motile by means of subpolar flagella. Its type strain is OCh101 (= IFO 14126). Shiba, ... nov., an Aerobic Bacterium Which Contains Bacteriochlorophyll a". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 32 (2): 211 ... Shimada, Keizo; Hayashi, Hidenori; Tasumi, Mitsuo (1985). "Bacteriochlorophyll-protein complexes of aerobic bacteria, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythrobacter_longus

It contains Bacteriochlorophyll a. It contains spheroidenone, does not synthesize bacteriochlorophyll anaerobically, but shows ... nov., Aerobic Pink-Pigmented Bacteria which Contain Bacteriochlorophyll a". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 14 (2): 140- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseobacter_denitrificans

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseobacter_litoralis

It is a component of the biosynthetic pathway to bacteriochlorophylls. Biosynthesis of bacteriochlorophylls Harada, Jiro; ... R. Caspi (2015-12-08). "Pathway: bacteriochlorophyll a biosynthesis". MetaCyc Metabolic Pathway Database. Retrieved 2020-06-04 ... "Chlorophyllide a Oxidoreductase Works as One of the Divinyl Reductases Specifically Involved in Bacteriochlorophyll a ... gives the characteristic 18-electron aromatic system that distinguishes bacteriochlorophylls from chlorophylls, which retain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorophyllide_a_reductase

The phytyl ester of bacteriochlorophyll a is not attached directly: rather, the initial intermediate is the ester with R= ... Chlorophyll b is made by the same enzyme acting on chlorophyllide b. Bacteriochlorophylls are the light harvesting pigments ... Chlorophyllide a is also an intermediate in the biosynthesis of bacteriochlorophylls. Chlorophyllide a, is a carboxylic acid (R ... doi:10.1007/0-306-47954-0_8. ISBN 0-7923-3681-X. R. Caspi (2015-12-08). "Pathway: bacteriochlorophyll a biosynthesis". MetaCyc ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorophyllide

Chromatophores contain bacteriochlorophyll pigments and carotenoids. In purple bacteria, such as Rhodospirillum rubrum, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatophore_(bacteria)

They contain bacteriochlorophyll c and chlorosomes. Chlorobaculum tepidum contains a genome that contains 2.15 Mbp. There are a ... Frigaard NU, Voigt GD, Bryant DA (June 2002). "Chlorobium tepidum mutant lacking bacteriochlorophyll c made by inactivation of ... eds.). Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls: Biochemistry, Biophysics, Functions and Applications. Vol. 25. Springer. 201-221 ... It synthesizes chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophylls (BChls) a and c and is a model organism used to elucidate the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorobaculum_tepidum

Purple bacteria use bacteriochlorophyll and carotenoids to gather light energy. These proteins are arranged in a ring-like ... Their form of bacteriochlorophyll is green. Chlorophylls and carotenoids are important in light-harvesting complexes present in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-harvesting_complex

Both of these photosystems use bacteriochlorophyll. There are multiple hypotheses for how oxygenic photosynthesis evolved. The ... the chlorophyll molecules in their chloroplasts while prokaryotic photoautotrophs use chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoautotrophism

Scheer, Hugo (2006). "An Overview of Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls: Biochemistry, Biophysics, Functions and ... Applications". Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration. Vol. 25. pp. 1-26. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromophore

Bacteriochlorophyll, related compounds in phototrophic bacteria Chlorophyllin, a semi-synthetic derivative of chlorophyll Deep ... Scheer H (2006). "An Overview of Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls: Biochemistry, Biophysics, Functions and Applications". ... Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration. Vol. 25. pp. 1-26. doi:10.1007/1-4020-4516-6 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorophyll

Bacteriochlorophylls and carotenoids are part of the light-harvesting complex; together with the reaction center, this one ... Most of them have bacteriochlorophyll a, with a maximum absorption wavelength of 800-900 nm, and a number of species uniquely ... nov., a novel purple sulfur bacterium with bacteriochlorophyll b." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary ... and Isochromatium spp.) and bacteriochlorophyll b-containing genera (Thiococcus spp., Thioflavicoccus spp. and Thioalkalicoccus ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatiaceae

The majority of these pigments are bacteriochlorophyll (BChl). The reaction center in Roseiflexus castenholzii is closely ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseiflexus_castenholzii

Tronrud, D.E.; Schmid, M.F.; Matthews, B.W. (April 1986). "Structure and X-ray amino acid sequence of a bacteriochlorophyll a ... Pearlstein, Robert M. (1992). "Theory of the optical spectra of the bacteriochlorophyll an antenna protein trimer from ... Fenna, R. E.; Matthews, B. W. (1975). "Chlorophyll arrangement in a bacteriochlorophyll protein from Chlorobium limicola". ... Each of the three monomers contains eight bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) molecules. They are bound to the protein scaffold via ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenna–Matthews–Olson_complex

"Origin of the Two Carbonyl Oxygens of Bacteriochlorophyll a. Demonstration of two Different Pathways for the Formation of Ring ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium-protoporphyrin_IX_monomethyl_ester_(oxidative)_cyclase

Purple sulfur bacteria produce bacteriochlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll b. In cyanobacteria, many other carotenoids exist ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_pigment

nov., a bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacterium isolated from lake water". International Journal of Systematic and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastomonas

It is an obligately aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll a-containing bacteria. Yurkov, V.; Stackebrandt, E.; Holmes, A.; Fuerst, J. A ... Bacteriochlorophyll a-Containing Bacteria and Description of Roseococcus thiosulfatophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., ... the aerobic bacteria Roseococcus thiosulfatophilus RB3 and Erythromicrobium ramosum E5 is not bound to the bacteriochlorophyll ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseococcus_thiosulfatophilus

nov., novel aerobic bacteriochlorophyll a-containing bacteria from soil". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 48 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craurococcus

nov., aerobic pink-pigmented bacteria which contain bacteriochlorophyll a". Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 14 (2): 140-145. doi:10.1016 ... both pink-pigmented bacteriochlorophyll a-producing strains isolated from marine algae. The role members of the Roseobacter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseobacter

Fenna RE, Matthews BW (1975). "Chlorophyll arrangement in a bacteriochlorophyll protein from Chlorobium limicola". Nature. 258 ... and the light-antenna bacteriochlorophyll protein. Beyond his contributions to biochemistry, Matthews is also known in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Matthews_(biochemist)

It is an obligately aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll a-containing bacteria. Parte, A.C. "Erythromicrobium". LPSN. Yurkov, V.; ... Yurkov, V. "Gad'on N, Angerhofer A, Drews G (1994) Light harvesting complexes of aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-containing ... Bacteriochlorophyll a-Containing Bacteria and Description of Roseococcus thiosulfatophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., ... E5 and the transfer of excitation energy from carotenoids to bacteriochlorophyll." Z Naturforsch 49: 579-586. "Erythrobacter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythrobacter_ramosus

... is a phototrophic filamentous, gliding bacterium containing bacteriochlorophyll a that is aerotolerant ... nov., a phototrophic filamentous gliding bacterium containing bacteriochlorophyll a". Archives of Microbiology. 142 (2): 164- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliothrix_oregonensis

nov., a bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacterium isolated from lake water". International Journal of Systematic and ... Blastomonas aquatica is a Gram-negative, bacteriochlorophyll-containing and aerobic bacteria from the genus of Blastomonas ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blastomonas_aquatica

nov., a novel purple sulfur bacterium with bacteriochlorophyll b." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary ... nov., a novel purple sulfur bacterium with bacteriochlorophyll b. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary ... it was found to be the first purple sulfur bacteria that contained bacteriochlorophyll b as the main photosynthetic pigment. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioflavicoccus

It is an obligately aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll a-containing bacterium. Yurkov, V.; Stackebrandt, E.; Holmes, A.; Fuerst, J. A ... Bacteriochlorophyll a-Containing Bacteria and Description of Roseococcus thiosulfatophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythrobacter_litoralis

Bacteria may use variants called bacteriochlorophylls. Schneider, Peter W.; Collman, James P. (October 1968). "Complexes of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetradentate_ligand

nov., a new alkaliphilic purple sulfur bacterium with bacteriochlorophyll b." International Journal of Systematic and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioalkalicoccus

nov., aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacteria isolated from a saline lake". International Journal of Systematic ... It is aerobic and bacteriochlorophyll-containing, first isolated from the epiphytes on the stromatolites of a saline lake ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roseivivax_halotolerans

Nokia sites use cookies to improve and personalize your experience and to display advertisements. The sites may also include cookies from third parties. By using this site, you consent to the use of cookies. Learn more ...

https://www.bell-labs.com/institute/publications/bl7591756/

... of Added Light-Harvesting Pigments on the Reconstruction of Photosynthetic Reactions in Membranes from Bacteriochlorophyll-Less ... of Added Light-Harvesting Pigments on the Reconstruction of Photosynthetic Reactions in Membranes from Bacteriochlorophyll-Less ...

https://portlandpress.com/biochemsoctrans/article-abstract/4/4/669/95997/Effect-of-Added-Light-Harvesting-Pigments-on-the?redirectedFrom=PDF

keywords = "bacteriochlorophyll d, bacteriochlorophyll d dimers and oligomers, bacteriochlorophyll d triplet state, chlorosomes ... Generation and quenching of singlet molecular oxygen by aggregated bacteriochlorophyll d in model systems and chlorosomes. In: ... Generation and quenching of singlet molecular oxygen by aggregated bacteriochlorophyll d in model systems and chlorosomes. ... Dive into the research topics of Generation and quenching of singlet molecular oxygen by aggregated bacteriochlorophyll d in ...

https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/generation-and-quenching-of-singlet-molecular-oxygen-by-aggregate

Complete genome sequence of the photoautotrophic and bacteriochlorophyll e-synthesizing green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum ... Complete genome sequence of the photoautotrophic and bacteriochlorophyll e-synthesizing green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum ... Complete genome sequence of the photoautotrophic and bacteriochlorophyll e-synthesizing green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum ...

https://scelse.sg/publications/complete-genome-sequence-of-the-photoautotrophic-and-bacteriochlorophyll-e-synthesizing-green-sulfur-bacterium-chlorobaculum-limnaeum-dsm-1677t/

Umetsu M, Seki R, Kadota T, Wang ZY, Adschiri T, Nozawa T. Dynamic Exchange Properties of the Antiparallel Bacteriochlorophyll ... Dynamic Exchange Properties of the Antiparallel Bacteriochlorophyll c Dimers. In: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2003 ; Vol. ... Dynamic Exchange Properties of the Antiparallel Bacteriochlorophyll c Dimers. Mitsuo Umetsu, Ryoichi Seki, Tomoyuki Kadota, ... The dynamic exchange behavior of the (31R)-type bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c dimer with an antiparallel piggy-back conformation ...

https://tohoku.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/dynamic-exchange-properties-of-the-antiparallel-bacteriochlorophy

Photosensitization of TiO2 and SnO2 by artificial self-assembling mimics of the natural chlorosomal bacteriochlorophylls. In: ... Photosensitization of TiO2 and SnO2 by artificial self-assembling mimics of the natural chlorosomal bacteriochlorophylls. / ... Photosensitization of TiO2 and SnO2 by artificial self-assembling mimics of the natural chlorosomal bacteriochlorophylls. ... Photosensitization of TiO2 and SnO2 by artificial self-assembling mimics of the natural chlorosomal bacteriochlorophylls. ...

https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/photosensitization-of-tio2-and-sno2-by-artificial-self-assembling

bacteriochlorophyll 8 syllables:. alligator snapping turtle Table of complete results:. Commonly used words are shown in bold. ...

https://www.rhymezone.com/r/rhyme.cgi?Word=chortle&org1=syl&org2=l&org3=y&typeofrhyme=nry

nov., aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacteria isolated from a saline lake. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1999;49:629-34.PubMed ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/14/6/07-1355_article

Categories: Bacteriochlorophylls Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...

https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Bacteriochlorophylls&parentid=6117&catid=3950

In Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls; Grimm, B., Porra, R.J., Rüdiger, W., Scheer, H., Eds.; Advances in Photosynthesis and ... It is a negatively charged derivative of the photosynthetic pigment bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl), a molecule that certain ... Brandis, A.S.; Salomon, Y.; Scherz, A. Bacteriochlorophyll Sensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy. ... a novel water-soluble bacteriochlorophyll derivative; cellular uptake, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and vascular-targeted ...

https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/11/1788

Isolation of a fraction enriched in newly synthesized bacteriochlorophyll α-protein complexes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 555, 210- ... Aagaard, J. & Siström, W. R. Control of synthesis of reaction centre bacteriochlorophyll in photosynthetic bacteria. Photochem ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/nature02823?error=cookies_not_supported&code=9decae13-269a-4f07-b124-5d948843abbc

BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL A. C55 H74 Mg N4 O6. DSJXIQQMORJERS-RUUWGSCADZ. Ligand Interaction. ... B850 bacteriochlorophyll molecules are arranged in a ring of 18 pigments composed of nine approximate dimers. These pigments ... C-terminal residues of the alpha-chain and a carboxy modified alpha-Met1 which forms the ligand of the B800 bacteriochlorophyll ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1nkz

EPR and optical spectroscopic properties of the electron carrier intermediate between the reaction center bacteriochlorophylls ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/Allochromatium-vinosum/232842

The photochemical reaction center of the bacteriochlorophyll b-containing organism Thiocapsa pfennigii. Seftor, R. E. B. & ...

https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/?showAdvanced=false&allConcepts=true&inferConcepts=true&originalSearch=&improvedLayoutOrganisationUuid=&format=&page=5184

Bacteriochlorophyll a is the major chlorophyll found in the turbidity layer,. but also chlorophyll a is present at the upper ... synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll by populations of Chromatium okenii under natural environ-. mental conditions. FEMS Microbial ... bacteria dominated by Chromatium okenii is located in the subsequent 2-m layer containing up to 200 mg bacteriochlorophyll ( ...

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248153897_The_meromictic_alpine_Lake_Cadagno_Orographical_and_biogeochemical_description

A Second Nitrogenase-like Enzyme for Bacteriochlorophyll Biosynthesis: RECONSTITUTION OF CHLOROPHYLLIDE a REDUCTASE WITH ...

https://www.osti.gov/pages/biblio/1503617-diazotroph-community-characterization-via-high-throughput-nifh-amplicon-sequencing-analysis-pipeline

Bakteriochlorophyll: Verteilung von aerob Bacteriochlorophyll-bildenden Bakterien im Tiefenprofil des Gotland-Beckens IOW ( ...

https://www.io-warnemuende.de/projects---in-alphabetical-order.html

In: Advances in Photosysnthesis and Respiration: Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls (eds Grimm, B; Porra, RJ; Rudiger, W; ... Scheer, H. In: Advances in Photosysnthesis and Respiration: Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls (eds Grimm, B; Porra, RJ; ... Senge, MO; Wiehe, A; Ryppa, C. In: Advances in Photosysnthesis and Respiration: Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls (eds ... Selective oxidation of B800 bacteriochlorophyll a in photosynthetic light-harvesting protein LH2. Scientific Reports. 9 (2019 ...

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-151020/v1

... and two direct photoheterotrophic mechanisms in which bacteria obtain energy through bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl a) and ...

https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/219811/reporting

Chidgey JW, Jackson PJ, Dickman MJ & Hunter CN (2017) PufQ regulates porphyrin flux at the haem/bacteriochlorophyll branchpoint ... Identification of an 8-vinyl reductase involved in bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis in Rhodobacter sphaeroides and evidence for ...

https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/cbe/people/academic-staff/mark-dickman

bacteriochlorophyll*anaerobic*anoxygenic*H2S as e- source*deposit S outside cell*rods, cocci, or vibrios ... Anaerobic - photoorganoheterotroph, bacteriochlorophyll, organic molecules as e- & C source*Aerobic w/ no light - no ... bacteriochlorophyll*anoxygenic*thermophillic*organic molecules as e- source*filamentous (gliding motility)*Chloroflex ...

https://freezingblue.com/flashcards/43508/preview/microbiology-exam-2

Broadband 2D Electronic Spectroscopy Reveals Coupling Between Dark 1Bu- State of Carotenoid and Qx State of Bacteriochlorophyll ...

https://www.epj-conferences.org/articles/epjconf/abs/2013/02/epjconf_up2012_08008/epjconf_up2012_08008.html

Differential sensitivity to oxygen among the bacteriochlorophylls g in the type-I reaction centers of Heliobacterium ...

https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/organisations/biochemistry-molecular-biology/publications/?page=4

1976 Reconstitution of biological molecular generators of electric-current - bacteriochlorophyll and plant chlorophyll ...

https://istina.msu.ru/workers/382510/

Olga Mass et al., "De Novo Synthesis and Properties of Analogues of the Self-assembling Chlorosomal Bacteriochlorophylls," New ...

https://reasons.org/explore/publications/nrtb-e-zine/using-nature-s-designs-to-build-a-better-mousetrap

Bacteriochlorophylls D23.767.727.220.100 Bacteriophage phi 6 B4.123.230.70 Badnavirus B4.715.68 Bahrain Z1.586.500.175 Balloon ...

https://decs.bvs.br/P/mnchg2016.txt

... which might have been the ultimate selective advantage for the evolution of bacterio-chlorophyll, as opposed to other light ...

https://thunderbolts.info/forum/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=9&t=4825

Under such conditions, charge separation between the primary electron donor (bacteriochlorophyll dimer, P) and the electron ... Under such conditions, charge separation between the primary electron donor (bacteriochlorophyll dimer, P) and the electron ... Under such conditions, charge separation between the primary electron donor (bacteriochlorophyll dimer, P) and the electron ... Under such conditions, charge separation between the primary electron donor (bacteriochlorophyll dimer, P) and the electron ...

https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/antagonistic-effects-of-point-mutations-on-charge-recombination-a

Numerous kinetic data for excitation energy decay in bacteriochlorophylls as well as extremely short lifetimes of excitations ...

https://academicjournals.org/journal/JBSB/edition/December_2009

Both photogeneration and quenching of singlet oxygen by monomeric and aggregated (dimeric and oligomeric) molecules of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) d have been studied in solution and in chlorosomes isolated from the green photosynthetic bacterium Chlorobium vibrioforme f. thiosulfatophilum. (elsevier.com)
The dynamic exchange behavior of the (3 1 R)-type bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c dimer with an antiparallel piggy-back conformation has been investigated by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance exchange spectroscopy (EXSY). (elsevier.com)
and two direct photoheterotrophic mechanisms in which bacteria obtain energy through bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl a) and proteorhodospin (prho) generated ion fluxes (electrons and protons, respectively). (europa.eu)

The ahcY mutant, when grown in supplementedmedium, synthesizes significantly reduced levels of bacteriochlorophyll,indicating that modulation of the intracellular ratio ofS-adenosyl-L-methionine to S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine may be an importantfactor in regulating bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Nomata, J., Mizoguchi, T., Tamiaki, H. and Fujita, Y. A second nitrogenase-like enzyme for bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis: reconstitution of chlorophyllide a reductase with purified X-protein (BchX) and YZ-protein (BchY-BchZ) from Rhodobacter capsulatus . (enzyme-database.org)
were observed in all six samples and contained genes involved in bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis and the 3-hydroxypropionate carbon fixation pathway. (montana.edu)

Of all known photosynthetic organisms, the green sulfur bacteria are able to survive under the lowest illumination conditions due to highly efficient photon management and exciton transport enabled by their special organelles, the chlorosomes, which consist mainly of self-assembled bacteriochlorophyll c, d, or e molecules. (utwente.nl)
B850 bacteriochlorophyll molecules are arranged in a ring of 18 pigments composed of nine approximate dimers. (rcsb.org)

The pulsed electric field linear dichroism technique is utilized to study the orientations of pigments in antenna bacteriochlorophyll-protein and reaction center complexes, and chromatophores isolated from the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. (nyu.edu)
These bacteria contain chlorophyll pigments that are called as bacteriochlorophyll. (askmicrobiology.com)

These bacteriochlorophyll absorbs the longer wavelength light and converts it into chemical energy. (askmicrobiology.com)

Numerous kinetic data for excitation energy decay in bacteriochlorophylls as well as extremely short lifetimes of excitations in dominating chlorosoma pigment exclude the possibility of an efficient migration of this energy from chlorosoma to the main intra-membrane photosystem of some green bacteria. (academicjournals.org)

nov., aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacteria isolated from a saline lake. (dsmz.de)

nov., aerobic bacteriochlorophyll-con- egaly, a nontender renal transplant, were subsequently R. conorii positive. (cdc.gov)

EPR and optical spectroscopic properties of the electron carrier intermediate between the reaction center bacteriochlorophylls and the primary acceptor in Chromatium vinosum. (semanticscholar.org)

In the present work we have studied exciton transport and dissociation in a bilayer of an electron-accepting semiconductor and an artificial self-assembling zinc porphyrin that mimics natural chlorosomal bacteriochlorophylls using time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC). (utwente.nl)
The electron density reveals a second carotenoid molecule, the last five C-terminal residues of the alpha-chain and a carboxy modified alpha-Met1 which forms the ligand of the B800 bacteriochlorophyll. (rcsb.org)
Under such conditions, charge separation between the primary electron donor (bacteriochlorophyll dimer, P) and the electron acceptor (bacteriopheophytin, HA) was followed by P+HA- → PHA charge recombination. (bris.ac.uk)

The modeling included the energetic relaxation of the charge-separated states caused by protein dynamics and evidenced the appearance of an intermediate charge-separated state, P+BA-, with BA being the bacteriochlorophyll located between P and HA. (bris.ac.uk)

Connolly, J. S., E. B. Samuel and A. F. Janzen (1982) Effects of solvent on the fluorescence properties of bacteriochlorophyll α. (photochemcad.com)

The carotenoids quench the bacteriochlorophylls' triplet states and, as a result, electronic excitation of O 2 is prevented and with it the damaging properties of this compound in its reactive singlet form. (uiuc.edu)
Energy transfer between carotenoids and bacteriochlorophylls in a light harvesting protein. (uiuc.edu)
The pigment binding proteins encoded by the puc and puf operons assemble with bacteriochlorophyll and carotenoids to seize mild power. (casinokingschance.com)
Spectral analysis suggested the presence of bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids pigments peaks. (uprm.edu)
The cells contain bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids, both of which are located on the cystic intima. (microbialtec.com)

Spectroscopic studies of carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer in LHRC photosynthetic complex from Roseiflexus castenholzii. (doximity.com)
This specific response might support adaptation by maintaining high carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll ratios and preventing the accumulation of porphyrin-derived photosensitizers. (helmholtz-hzi.de)

Caption: Figure 1: The connection between the molecular, energetic, and spectral characteristics of the chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll molecules. (thefreedictionary.com)
For comparison, the free energy of 1 mole photon with the wavelength of 660 nm and 800 nm (wavelengths that are characteristic to chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll absorption, resp. (thefreedictionary.com)
1996. Evolution of chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll: the problem of invariant sites in sequence analysis. (icprs.ru)

Internet, disputed its cultural confidential such words, a appropriate online ebook chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls accessibility. (sitnews.org)
In a ebook chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls biochemistry biophysics functions and, the systems in any hard Establishment are device Origins. (sitnews.org)
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The molecular structure of naturally existing dyes like chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls could be modified tailoring their photophysical properties. (icddt.com)
Buku Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls ISBN 13 978-1-4020-4516 -8 (hal. (machung.ac.id)

Bacteriochlorophyll is a large, complicated protein, and can be used to illustrate the various problems in hydrogenation, and the different steps in resolving them. (openmopac.net)
So the original PDB file downloaded from the Protein Data Bank is stored in the file "Bacteriochlorophyll (4BCL).ent" By using the alternative suffix ".ent" there is no danger that the original file could be accidentally modified by MOPAC. (openmopac.net)
Sunlight absorbed by bacteriochlorophyll (green) within the FMO protein (gray) generates a wavelike motion of excitation energy whose quantum mechanical properties can be mapped through the use of two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. (nextbigfuture.com)
Stable photobleaching of P480 in Chlorobium reaction center preparations: presence of the 42-kDa bacteriochlorophyll a protein and a 17-kDa polypeptide. (itwreagents.com)
An ancestral reaction center of Photosystem I and II (RCI/II) type of photosynthesis arose in which a membrane-spanning helix (MSH) protein bound two molecules of chlorophyll/bacteriochlorophyll in a special pair and had a Chl/quinone primary acceptor. (semanticscholar.org)

If there's no oxygen around and the bacterium is safe, the bacterium uses vibronic mixing by matching the energy difference between two electronic states in an assembly of molecules and proteins called the FMO complex, with the energy of the vibration of a bacteriochlorophyll molecule. (phys.org)

The enzyme catalyzes the successive reduction of the geranylgeraniol esterifying group to phytol, reducing three out of four double bonds, and transforming geranylgeranyl bacteriochlorophyllide a via dihydrogeranylgeranyl bacteriochlorophyllide a and tetrahydrogeranylgeranyl bacteriochlorophyllide a to bacteriochlorophyll a. (expasy.org)
The effect of the lack of bluB function in R. rubrum was reflected by the impaired ability of a DeltabluB strain to convert Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (MPE) into protochlorophylide, a reaction of the bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic pathway catalyzed by the MPE-cyclase enzyme present in this bacterium (BchE, EC 1.14.13.81), a predicted coenzyme B(12)-dependent enzyme. (nih.gov)

we have studied the backward electron transfer from the primary quinone acceptor, Q A -, to the oxidized primary electron donor, P + (a dimer of bacteriochlorophyll) under different conditions of salt concentration, lipid environment, viscosity and temperature. (researchtrends.net)

There are 5 significant chlorophylls: a, b, c as well as d, in addition to an associated particle discovered in prokaryotes called bacteriochlorophyll. (lukesnyderstudio.com)

At elevated temperatures, the characteristic absorbance bands of the bacteriochlorins bound to the polypeptides within the reaction center are lost, and are replaced by features typical of unbound bacteriochlorophyll and bacteriopheophytin. (houstonmethodist.org)

Bacteriochlorophyll a was synthesized under aerobic conditions. (nih.gov)
nov., the first aerobic bacteriochlorophyll a-containing fresh water bacterium in the genus Aquabacterium of the class Betaproteobacteria, Int. J. Syst. (go.jp)
nov., a novel bacteriochlorophyll a -containing, obligately aerobic bacterium isolated from freshwater lakes. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Tikh IB, Quin MB, Schmidt-Dannert C. A tale of two reductases: extending the bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic pathway in E. coli. (umn.edu)

Localisation and origin of the bacteriochlorophyll-derived photosensitizer in the retina of the deep-sea dragon fish Malacosteus niger. (kersti.de)
Steba Biotech's flagship product, TOOKAD®, for treatment of prostate cancer, is a first-in-class photosensitizer derived from palladium-substituted bacteriochlorophyll and developed in collaboration with the Weizmann Institute. (yedarnd.com)

Every bacteriochlorophyll has its characteristic absorption spectrum. (thefreedictionary.com)
In studies designed to investigate the energetic and structural determinants of the charge separation process of photosynthesis, the residue tyrosine M210 (M210Y) has been changed to phenylalanine (M210YF), asparagine (M210YN) and serine (M210YS) in reaction centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (Ga). The optical absorption spectra showed that all three mutants have red shifts of the monomeric bacteriochlorophyll Qy band and the redox midpoint potential of the primary donor also varied. (illinois.edu)

Title: In vivo stability and photodynamic efficacy of fluorinated bacteriopurpurinimides derived from bacteriochlorophyll-a. (aablocks.com)

In L and M chains, the first histidine is a ligand of the magnesium ion of the special pair bacteriochlorophyll, the second is a ligand of a ferrous non-heme iron atom. (expasy.org)

The product is a bacteriochlorophyll derivative, which, after being activated by light, initiates a cascade of pathophysiologic events that result in the instantaneous occlusion of the entire tumor blood supply, followed by rapid ablation of tumor tissue, said principal investigator Abdel Rahmene Azzouzi, MD, a urologist from the University of Angers, France. (medscape.com)

Global target analysis of two-dimensional (2D) transient spectra revealed the main energy transfer pathways between carotenoid S 2 , 1B u - and S 1 states and bacteriochlorophyll Q x state. (princeton.edu)

A specific bacteriochlorophyll that is similar in structure to chlorophyll a. (nih.gov)

Diastereoselective control of bacteriochlorophyll e aggregation. (tu-berlin.de)

An important reaction in the structural elucidation of the bacteriochlorophylls is the dehydrogenation to chlorophyll derivatives. (chempedia.info)

All the files used can be found in Files used in Hydrogenation of Bacteriochlorophyll .zip . (openmopac.net)

Anatomy6

Organisms29

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes36

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care5

Geographicals1

Molecular characterization of novel red green nonsulfur bacteria from five distinct hot spring communities in Yellowstone National Park. (1/78)

The 7.5-A electron density and spectroscopic properties of a novel low-light B800 LH2 from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. (2/78)

Photosynthetic apparatus in Roseateles depolymerans 61A is transcriptionally induced by carbon limitation. (3/78)

Thiobaca trueperi gen. nov., sp. nov., a phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium isolated from freshwater lake sediment. (4/78)

Excitation energy transfer dynamics and excited-state structure in chlorosomes of Chlorobium phaeobacteroides. (5/78)

Porphyrobacter cryptus sp. nov., a novel slightly thermophilic, aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll a-containing species. (6/78)

Aerobic and anaerobic Mg-protoporphyrin monomethyl ester cyclases in purple bacteria: a strategy adopted to bypass the repressive oxygen control system. (7/78)

Crystal structure of the RC-LH1 core complex from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. (8/78)

Bacteriochlorophylls

Bacteriochlorophyll A

Chlorobi

Rhodopseudomonas

Bacterial Chromatophores

Rhodobacter sphaeroides

Chlorobium

Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes

Chlorophyll

Rhodospirillum

Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins

Rhodospirillales

Rhodobacter capsulatus

Photosynthesis

Rhodospirillum rubrum

Carotenoids

Chromatium

Phototrophic Processes

Alphaproteobacteria

Pheophytins

Pigments, Biological

Aerobiosis

Rhodospirillaceae

Chromatiaceae

Rhodobacter

Levulinic Acids

Light

Bacterial Proteins

Tetrapyrroles

Azaguanine

Rhodobacteraceae

RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Energy Transfer

DNA, Ribosomal

Chromatophores

Aminolevulinic Acid

Spectrophotometry

Spectrum Analysis

Seawater

Roseobacter

Bacteria, Aerobic

Phylogeny

Chlorophyllides

North Sea

Sphingomonadaceae

Heterotrophic Processes

Acetobacteraceae

Iron Isotopes

Molecular Sequence Data

Carbon-Oxygen Ligases

Phytol

Genes, rRNA

Ectothiorhodospira

Base Composition

Spectrophotometry, Infrared

Oxygen Isotopes

Porphyrins

DNA, Bacterial

Rhodovulum

Acidobacteria

Bacteria

Proteobacteria

Chloroflexus

Phycobiliproteins

Electron Transport

Genes, Bacterial

RNA, Bacterial

Water Microbiology

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Protochlorophyllide

Organelles

Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors

Oxygen

Quinones

Photochemistry

Oxidoreductases

Darkness

Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria

Gammaproteobacteria

Fresh Water