Bacillus subtilis. Medical search

A species of gram-positive bacteria that is a common soil and water saprophyte.

Heat and stain resistant, metabolically inactive bodies formed within the vegetative cells of bacteria of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A species of rod-shaped bacteria that is a common soil saprophyte. Its spores are widespread and multiplication has been observed chiefly in foods. Contamination may lead to food poisoning.

Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.

The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.

Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.

A species of bacteria that causes ANTHRAX in humans and animals.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.

A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A species of gram-positive bacteria which may be pathogenic for certain insects. It is used for the biological control of the Gypsy moth.

Viruses whose hosts are bacterial cells.

A species of bacteria whose spores vary from round to elongate. It is a common soil saprophyte.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The reproductive elements of lower organisms, such as BACTERIA; FUNGI; and cryptogamic plants.

The heritable modification of the properties of a competent bacterium by naked DNA from another source. The uptake of naked DNA is a naturally occuring phenomenon in some bacteria. It is often used as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.

Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.

A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.

Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.

A genus of BACILLACEAE that are spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Most species are saprophytic soil forms with only a few species being pathogenic.

Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.

The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.

The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.

Viruses whose host is Bacillus. Frequently encountered Bacillus phages include bacteriophage phi 29 and bacteriophage phi 105.

Enzymes that catalyze the endohydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glycosidic linkages in STARCH; GLYCOGEN; and related POLYSACCHARIDES and OLIGOSACCHARIDES containing 3 or more 1,4-alpha-linked D-glucose units.

The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.

Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.

DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.

Enzymes that catalyze DNA template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand one nucleotide at a time. They can initiate a chain de novo. In eukaryotes, three forms of the enzyme have been distinguished on the basis of sensitivity to alpha-amanitin, and the type of RNA synthesized. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992).

Inhibitor of DNA replication in gram-positive bacteria.

The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.

Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.

Bacterial polysaccharides that are rich in phosphodiester linkages. They are the major components of the cell walls and membranes of many bacteria.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.

In eukaryotes, a genetic unit consisting of a noncontiguous group of genes under the control of a single regulator gene. In bacteria, regulons are global regulatory systems involved in the interplay of pleiotropic regulatory domains and consist of several OPERONS.

An autolytic enzyme bound to the surface of bacterial cell walls. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell wall glycopeptides, particularly peptidoglycan. EC 3.5.1.28.

An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relatively simple structure and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be discovered. It acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p106)

Rupture of bacterial cells due to mechanical force, chemical action, or the lytic growth of BACTERIOPHAGES.

A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.

Compounds consisting of a short peptide chain conjugated with an acyl chain.

The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.

Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.

A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the genetic mechanisms and processes of microorganisms.

Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.

A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The phenomenon by which a temperate phage incorporates itself into the DNA of a bacterial host, establishing a kind of symbiotic relation between PROPHAGE and bacterium which results in the perpetuation of the prophage in all the descendants of the bacterium. Upon induction (VIRUS ACTIVATION) by various agents, such as ultraviolet radiation, the phage is released, which then becomes virulent and lyses the bacterium.

The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL.

A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).

The in vitro fusion of GENES by RECOMBINANT DNA techniques to analyze protein behavior or GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, or to merge protein functions for specific medical or industrial uses.

Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.

Genes which regulate or circumscribe the activity of other genes; specifically, genes which code for PROTEINS or RNAs which have GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION functions.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of hexose groups. EC 2.4.1.-.

A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.

Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).

The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.

Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.

The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.

The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.

A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.

The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.

The interference in synthesis of an enzyme due to the elevated level of an effector substance, usually a metabolite, whose presence would cause depression of the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.

Hydrolases that specifically cleave the peptide bonds found in PROTEINS and PEPTIDES. Examples of sub-subclasses for this group include EXOPEPTIDASES and ENDOPEPTIDASES.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

A peptide that is a homopolymer of glutamic acid.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.

A complex of cyclic peptide antibiotics produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis. The commercial preparation is a mixture of at least nine bacitracins with bacitracin A as the major constituent. It is used topically to treat open infections such as infected eczema and infected dermal ulcers. (From Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1140)

DNA sequences recognized as signals to end GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION.

Proteins from BACTERIA and FUNGI that are soluble enough to be secreted to target ERYTHROCYTES and insert into the membrane to form beta-barrel pores. Biosynthesis may be regulated by HEMOLYSIN FACTORS.

An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.

An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.

A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.

Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.

A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidized to carbon dioxide.

A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.

A non-metabolizable galactose analog that induces expression of the LAC OPERON.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

The bacterial sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) that catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to its sugar substrates (the PTS sugars) concomitant with the translocation of these sugars across the bacterial membrane. The phosphorylation of a given sugar requires four proteins, two general proteins, Enzyme I and HPr and a pair of sugar-specific proteins designated as the Enzyme II complex. The PTS has also been implicated in the induction of synthesis of some catabolic enzyme systems required for the utilization of sugars that are not substrates of the PTS as well as the regulation of the activity of ADENYLYL CYCLASES. EC 2.7.1.-.

Compounds consisting of glucosamine and lactate joined by an ether linkage. They occur naturally as N-acetyl derivatives in peptidoglycan, the characteristic polysaccharide composing bacterial cell walls. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The genetic unit consisting of three structural genes, an operator and a regulatory gene. The regulatory gene controls the synthesis of the three structural genes: BETA-GALACTOSIDASE and beta-galactoside permease (involved with the metabolism of lactose), and beta-thiogalactoside acetyltransferase.

Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon, but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope.

Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.

Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.

Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolases of ester bonds within DNA. EC 3.1.-.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

Mutation process that restores the wild-type PHENOTYPE in an organism possessing a mutationally altered GENOTYPE. The second "suppressor" mutation may be on a different gene, on the same gene but located at a distance from the site of the primary mutation, or in extrachromosomal genes (EXTRACHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCE).

One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.

Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.

Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.

Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of beta-aspartyl phosphate from aspartic acid and ATP. Threonine serves as an allosteric regulator of this enzyme to control the biosynthetic pathway from aspartic acid to threonine. EC 2.7.2.4.

The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Influence of crossdrafts on the performance of a biological safety cabinet. (1/8455)

A biological safety cabinet was tested to determine the effect of crossdrafts (such as those created by normal laboratory activity or ventilation) upon the ability of the cabinet to protect both experiments and investigators. A simple crossdraft, controllable from 50 to 200 feet per min (fpm; 15.24 to 60.96 m/min), was created across the face of the unit. Modifications of standardized procedures involving controlled bacterial aerosol challenges provided stringent test conditions. Results indicated that, as the crossflow velocities exceeded 100 fpm, the ability of the cabinet to protect either experiments or investigators decreased logarithmically with increasing crossdraft speed. Because 100 fpm is an airspeed easily achieved by some air conditioning and heating vents (open windows and doorways may create velocities far in excess of 200 fpm), the proper placement of a biological safety cabinet within the laboratory--away from such disruptive air currents--is essential to satisfactory cabinet performance. (+info)

Carcinogenicity of triethanolamine in mice and its mutagenicity after reaction with sodium nitrite in bacteria. (2/8455)

Mice fed a diet containing 0.3 or 0.03% triethanolamine developed malignant tumors. Females showed a high incidence of tumors in lymphoid tissues, while this type was absent in males. Tumors in other tissues were produced at a considerable rate in both sexes, but no hepatoma was found. Triethanolamine was not mutagenic to Bacillus subtilis by itself, but it became mutagenic after reacting with sodium nitrite under acidic conditions or when the mixture was heated. Although N-nitrosodiethanolamine, a known carcinogen and mutagen, was detected in the reaction mixture by thin-layer chromatography, it may not be the main mutagenic product, because the product was a stable and direct mutagen and its mutagenic activity was destroyed by liver enzymes, unlike N-nitrosodiethanolamine. The lethal and mutagenic DNA damages produced by this unidentified product were susceptible to some extent to the repair functions of the bacteria. (+info)

Prodigious substrate specificity of AAC(6')-APH(2"), an aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance determinant in enterococci and staphylococci. (3/8455)

BACKGROUND: High-level gentamicin resistance in enterococci and staphylococci is conferred by AAC(6')-APH(2"), an enzyme with 6'-N-acetyltransferase and 2"-O-phosphotransferase activities. The presence of this enzyme in pathogenic gram-positive bacteria prevents the successful use of gentamicin C and most other aminoglycosides as therapeutic agents. RESULTS: In an effort to understand the mechanism of aminoglycoside modification, we expressed AAC(6')-APH(2") in Bacillus subtilis. The purified enzyme is monomeric with a molecular mass of 57 kDa and displays both the expected aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase and O-phosphotransferase activities. Structure-function analysis with various aminoglycosides substrates reveals an enzyme with broad specificity in both enzymatic activities, accounting for AAC(6')-APH(2")'s dramatic negative impact on clinical aminoglycoside therapy. Both lividomycin A and paromomycin, aminoglycosides lacking a 6'-amino group, were acetylated by AAC(6')-APH(2"). The infrared spectrum of the product of paromomycin acetylation yielded a signal consistent with O-acetylation. Mass spectral and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the products of neomycin phosphorylation indicated that phosphoryl transfer occurred primarily at the 3'-OH of the 6-aminohexose ring A, and that some diphosphorylated material was also present with phosphates at the 3'-OH and the 3"'-OH of ring D, both unprecedented observations for this enzyme. Furthermore, the phosphorylation site of lividomycin A was determined to be the 5"-OH of the pentose ring C. CONCLUSIONS: The bifunctional AAC(6')-APH(2") has the capacity to inactivate virtually all clinically important aminoglycosides through N- and O-acetylation and phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups. The extremely broad substrate specificity of this enzyme will impact on future development of aminoglycosides and presents a significant challenge for antibiotic design. (+info)

In vivo and in vitro processing of the Bacillus subtilis transcript coding for glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, serine acetyltransferase, and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. (4/8455)

In Bacillus subtilis, the adjacent genes gltX, cysE, and cysS encoding respectively glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, serine acetyl-transferase, and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase, are transcribed as an operon but a gltX probe reveals only the presence of a monocistronic gltX mRNA (Gagnon et al., 1994, J Biol Chem 269:7473-7482). The transcript of the gltX-cysE intergenic region contains putative alternative secondary structures forming a p-independent terminator or an antiterminator, and a conserved sequence (T-box) found in the leader of most aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and many amino acid biosynthesis genes in B. subtilis and in other Gram-positive eubacteria. The transcription of these genes is initiated 45 nt upstream from the first codon of gltX and is under the control of a sigmaA-type promoter. Analysis of the in vivo transcript of this operon revealed a cleavage site immediately downstream from the p-independent terminator structure. In vitro transcription analysis, using RNA polymerases from Escherichia coli, B. subtilis, and that encoded by the T7 phage, in the presence of various RNase inhibitors, shows the same cleavage. This processing generates mRNAs whose 5'-end half-lives differ by a factor of 2 in rich medium, and leaves putative secondary structures at the 3' end of the gltX transcript and at the 5' end of the cysE/S mRNA, which may be involved in the stabilization of these mRNAs. By its mechanism and its position, this cleavage differs from that of the other known transcripts encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in B. subtilis. (+info)

Structural basis of multidrug recognition by BmrR, a transcription activator of a multidrug transporter. (5/8455)

Multidrug-efflux transporters demonstrate an unusual ability to recognize multiple structurally dissimilar toxins. A comparable ability to bind diverse hydrophobic cationic drugs is characteristic of the Bacillus subtilis transcription regulator BmrR, which upon drug binding activates expression of the multidrug transporter Bmr. Crystal structures of the multidrug-binding domain of BmrR (2.7 A resolution) and of its complex with the drug tetraphenylphosphonium (2.8 A resolution) revealed a drug-induced unfolding and relocation of an alpha helix, which exposes an internal drug-binding pocket. Tetraphenylphosphonium binding is mediated by stacking and van der Waals contacts with multiple hydrophobic residues of the pocket and by an electrostatic interaction between the positively charged drug and a buried glutamate residue, which is the key to cation selectivity. Similar binding principles may be used by other multidrug-binding proteins. (+info)

Comparison of synonymous codon distribution patterns of bacteriophage and host genomes. (6/8455)

Synonymous codon usage patterns of bacteriophage and host genomes were compared. Two indexes, G + C base composition of a gene (fgc) and fraction of translationally optimal codons of the gene (fop), were used in the comparison. Synonymous codon usage data of all the coding sequences on a genome are represented as a cloud of points in the plane of fop vs. fgc. The Escherichia coli coding sequences appear to exhibit two phases, "rising" and "flat" phases. Genes that are essential for survival and are thought to be native are located in the flat phase, while foreign-type genes from prophages and transposons are found in the rising phase with a slope of nearly unity in the fgc vs. fop plot. Synonymous codon distribution patterns of genes from temperate phages P4, P2, N15 and lambda are similar to the pattern of E. coli rising phase genes. In contrast, genes from the virulent phage T7 or T4, for which a phage-encoded DNA polymerase is identified, fall in a linear curve with a slope of nearly zero in the fop vs. fgc plane. These results may suggest that the G + C contents for T7, T4 and E. coli flat phase genes are subject to the directional mutation pressure and are determined by the DNA polymerase used in the replication. There is significant variation in the fop values of the phage genes, suggesting an adjustment to gene expression level. Similar analyses of codon distribution patterns were carried out for Haemophilus influenzae, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and their phages with complete genomic sequences available. (+info)

Esterases in serum-containing growth media counteract chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity in vitro. (7/8455)

The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi was unexpectedly found to be as susceptible to diacetyl chloramphenicol, the product of the enzyme chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, as it was to chloramphenicol itself. The susceptibilities of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, as well as that of B. burgdorferi, to diacetyl chloramphenicol were then assayed in different media. All three species were susceptible to diacetyl chloramphenicol when growth media were supplemented with rabbit serum or, to a lesser extent, human serum. Susceptibility of E. coli and B. subtilis to diacetyl chloramphenicol was not observed in the absence of serum, when horse serum was used, or when the rabbit or human serum was heated first. In the presence of 10% rabbit serum, a strain of E. coli bearing the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene had a fourfold-lower resistance to chloramphenicol than in the absence of serum. A plate bioassay for chloramphenicol activity showed the conversion by rabbit, mouse, and human sera but not bacterial cell extracts or heated serum of diacetyl chloramphenicol to an inhibitory compound. Deacetylation of acetyl chloramphenicol by serum components was demonstrated by using fluorescent substrates and thin-layer chromatography. These studies indicate that esterases of serum can convert diacetyl chloramphenicol back to an active antibiotic, and thus, in vitro findings may not accurately reflect the level of chloramphenicol resistance by cat-bearing bacteria in vivo. (+info)

Transient gene asymmetry during sporulation and establishment of cell specificity in Bacillus subtilis. (8/8455)

Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is initiated by an asymmetric division generating two cells of different size and fate. During a short interval, the smaller forespore harbors only 30% of the chromosome until the remaining part is translocated across the septum. We demonstrate that moving the gene for sigmaF, the forespore-specific transcription factor, in the trapped region of the chromosome is sufficient to produce spores in the absence of the essential activators SpoIIAA and SpoIIE. We propose that transient genetic asymmetry is the device that releases SpoIIE phosphatase activity in the forespore and establishes cell specificity. (+info)

Anagnostopoulos C, Spizizen J (1961). "REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSFORMATION IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS". J. Bacteriol. 81 (5): 741-6. doi: ... as in Bacillus subtilis and in other bacteria. Natural genetic transformation is a form of DNA transfer that appears to be an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_growth

Competence development in Bacillus subtilis requires expression of about 40 genes. The DNA integrated into the host chromosome ... Saito Y, Taguchi H, Akamatsu T (April 2006). "DNA taken into Bacillus subtilis competent cells by lysed-protoplast ... Anagnostopoulos C, Spizizen J (May 1961). "Requirements for Transformation in Bacillus Subtilis". Journal of Bacteriology. 81 ( ... "DNA repair and the evolution of transformation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis". Genetics. 118 (1): 31-9. PMC 1203263. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_(genetics)

HS-1 also has antimicrobial effects on some bacterial species, i.e. Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heteroscorpine

Other bacteria used for protein production include Bacillus subtilis. Most heterologous proteins are expressed in the cytoplasm ... This process has also been used to introduce a gene into plants that produces an insecticide, called Bacillus thuringiensis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_vector

Trp operon genes are arranged in the same order in E. coli and Bacillus subtilis. Regulation of trp operons in both organisms ... "Complexity in regulation of tryptophan biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis". Annual Review of Genetics. 39 (1): 47-68. doi: ... In B. subtilis, tryptophan binds to the eleven-subunit tryptophan-activated RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP), which ... However, the primary regulation of tryptophan biosynthesis in B. subtilis is via attenuation, rather than repression, of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trp_operon

1. Inhibition of nucleic acid metabolism in Bacillus subtilis cells". Journal of Biochemistry. 59 (1): 49-56. doi:10.1093/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromomycin_A3

Bacillus subtilis[edit]. Gram positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis have a cAMP-independent catabolite repression ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabolite_repression

Dose K, Gill M (1995). "DNA stability and survival of Bacillus subtilis spores in extreme dryness". Orig Life Evol Biosph. 25 ( ... Upon exposure to extreme dryness, Bacillus subtilis endospores acquire DNA-double strand breaks and DNA-protein crosslinks. In ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccation

"In vitro phosphorylation of key metabolic enzymes from Bacillus subtilis: PrkC phosphorylates enzymes from different branches ... "The serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphoproteome of the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis". Mol. Cell. Proteomics. 6 (4): 697-707 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_phosphorylation

ConA interacts with the surface mannose residues of many microbes, including the bacteria E. coli, and Bacillus subtilis and ... Doyle RJ, Birdsell DC (February 1972). "Interaction of concanavalin A with the cell wall of Bacillus subtilis". Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concanavalin_A

Cell membrane Organelle Lysosome Nanninga N (1971). "The mesosome of Bacillus subtilis as affected by chemical and physical ... Cellular division in Bacillus cereus". J. Bacteriol. 66 (3): 362-373. doi:10.1128/JB.66.3.362-373.1953. PMC 357155. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesosome

... with Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis"". Journal of Environmental Horticulture. 19: 21-23. Micheli PA. (1729). in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphaerobolus

Tang, Q.; Bie, X.; Lu, Z.; Lv, F.; Tao, Y.; Qu, X. (2014). "Effects of Fengycin from Bacillus subtilis fmbJ on Apoptosis and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizopus_stolonifer

The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis encodes a larger 6S SRP RNA which resemble the Archaeal homologs but lacks SRP ... Bacillus subtilis) have a longer eukaryote-like SRP RNA that includes an Alu domain. In eukaryotes and archaea, eight helical ... The ends of the Bacillus subtilis SRP RNA are processed by RNase III. So far, no SRP RNA introns have been observed.[citation ... from Bacillus subtilis Archaeal SRP RNA Archaeoglobus fulgidus Eukaryotic protist SRP RNA from Trypanosoma brucei Eukaryotic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal_recognition_particle_RNA

Freese's laboratory worked on the metabolic control of sporulation and germination of Bacillus subtilis bacteria. He identified ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Freese

... and in the Streptomyces and Bacillus bacteria. High quantities of this azasugar are produced in Bacillus subtilis, a process ... However, Bacillus subtilis does not produce 1-deoxymanojirimycin despite the presence of the manojirimycin precursor. Azasugar ... In Bacillus subtilis, D-glucose first undergoes glycolysis, opening the 6 member ring and producing fructose-6-phosphate. GabT1 ... "Identification of the genes involved in 1-deoxynojirimycin synthesis in Bacillus subtilis MORI 3K-85". The Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-Deoxynojirimycin

In Bacillus subtilis about 40 genes are required for the development of competence and DNA uptake. The length of DNA ... "Incorporation of the whole chromosomal DNA in protoplast lysates into competent cells of Bacillus subtilis". Biosci. Biotechnol ... "Fate of transforming bacterial genome following incorporation into competent cells of Bacillus subtilis: a continuous length of ... transferred during B. subtilis transformation can be as much as a third and up to the whole chromosome. Transformation appears ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mating_system

Hultgren sprayed dead Bacillus subtilis, a common, non-toxic, food-grade bacterium, in subway tunnels. Working with ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Hultgren

"Signal Peptide-Dependent Protein Transport in Bacillus subtilis: A Genome-Based Survey of the Secretome". Microbiology and ... coined the term 'secretome' in their study of the eubacterium B. subtilis. They defined the secretome as all of the secreted ... Using a database of protein sequences in B. subtilis and an algorithm that looked at cleavage sites and amino-terminal signal ... They used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify 82 proteins secreted by B. subtilis, only 48 of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretomics

RNA and protein synthesis in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis". The Journal of Applied Bacteriology. 54 (2): 237-42. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraben

Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Drosophila melanogaster and Homo sapiens; a review of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_H._Wolfe

"Identification of isopentenol biosynthetic genes from Bacillus subtilis by a screening method based on isoprenoid precursor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_engineering

ISBN 978-0-08-011577-1. Ren D, Sims JJ, Wood TK (2002). "Inhibition of biofilm formation and swarming of Bacillus subtilis by ( ... tested halogenated furanones produced by Delisea pulchra from the Rhodophyceae class against the growth of Bacillus subtilis. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenic_substance

Two SAM riboswitches in Bacillus subtilis that were experimentally studied act at the level of transcription termination ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAM_riboswitch_(S-box_leader)

... (Histidine utilizing Protein) is one of the anti-terminator proteins of Bacillus subtilis, which is responsible for ... of Bacillus subtilis, Nucleic Acids Res. 33 (2005) 5494-5502. 6. T. S. Kumarevel, S. C. B. Gopinath, S. Nishikawa, H. Mizuno, P ... an RNA binding protein that regulates transcription of the hut operon in Bacillus subtilis, Structure 12 (2004) 1269-1280. 3. T ... that regulates transcription of hut operon in Bacillus subtilis, mediated by various analogs of histidine, Nucleic Acids Res ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HutP

Bacillus brevis • Bacillus Cereus • Bacillus megaterium • Bacillus subtilis • Burkholderia cepacia • Campylobacter jejuni • ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothiocyanite

"Crystal structure of the phosphorolytic exoribonuclease RNase PH from Bacillus subtilis and implications for its quaternary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exosome_complex

Other species, such as Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus pneumoniae, become competent when they enter a particular phase in ... described massive amounts of gene decay when comparing Leprosy bacillus to ancestral bacteria. Studies have since shown that ... While free-living bacteria, such as E. coli, Salmonella species, or Bacillus species, usually have 1500 to 6000 proteins ... subtilis have far lesser proportions of genes that are most like Archaeal homologues. The genesis of new abilities due to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_genome

The compound B-2-thienylalanine will inhibit the growth of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051) on minimal culture media ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_heel_prick

Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii.[8] Nominotypical subspecies and subspecies autonyms[edit]. In zoological nomenclature, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominate_race

"The roles of mutation accumulation and selection in loss of sporulation in experimental populations of Bacillus subtilis". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_complexity

Kadota H, Iijima K (1965). "The X-ray diffraction pattern of spores of Bacillus subtilis". Agric Biol Chem. 29 (1): 80-81. doi: ... Bacillus subtilis spores are useful for the expression of recombinant proteins and in particular for the surface display of ... Hiragi Y, Iijima K, and Kadota H (1967). "Hexagonal single crystal pattern from the spore coat of Bacillus subtilis". Nature. ... 1967). "The complete genome sequence of the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis". Nature. 390 (6657): 249-56. doi:10.1038 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_spore

Bacillus subtilis completed in 1997, Mycobacterium tuberculosis completed in 1998. ... Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin discovered how to culture the tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (so called ... Right after he had discovered the bacillus, Koch had tried in vain to create a vaccine against it, however the injection of the ... Roux and Yersin established that they were dealing with a new type of bacillus, not only able to proliferate and abundantly ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteur_Institute

೯೬.೦ ೯೬.೧ Juhas, M; Reuß, DR; Zhu, B; Commichau, FM (November 2014). "Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli essential genes ...

https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ವಂಶವಾಹಿ

Ovaj enzim je izolovan iz bakterija Micrococcus lysodeikticus, Escherichia coli i Bacillus subtilis. ... Bernard, R., El Ghachi, M., Mengin-Lecreulx, D., Chippaux, M. and Denizot, F. (2005). „BcrC from Bacillus subtilis acts as an ...

https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undekaprenilna_difosfataza

... as well as the bacteria Corynebacterium ammoniagenes and Bacillus subtilis.[38] The latter organism has been genetically ... or Bacillus subtilis compete with chemical riboflavin production". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 53 (5): 509-516. doi ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin

Other active ingredients in fungicides include neem oil, rosemary oil, jojoba oil, the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, and the ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungicide

Bacillus anthracis, which causes Anthrax.. *Bacillus subtilis is considered an model organism. It is often used in genetic ... Bacillus cereus which is responsible for a form of food poisoning.. *Bacillus thuringensis which is used in pest control. It ... Bacilli are partly or wholly aerobic. They do aerobic respiration. They are everywhere in nature. Bacillus includes both free- ... Bacillus is a genus of rod shaped bacteria. They are Gram-positive, meaning they have an extra outside cell layer. ...

https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacilli

Bacillus subtilis-en lagin bat, zelula begetatiboak gorriz eta bakterioaren endoespora berdez ...

https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokarioto

"Enhancement of Cellulase Activity from a New Strain of Bacillus subtilis by Medium Optimization and Analysis with Various ... "Recombinant expression and characterization of a novel endoglucanase from Bacillus subtilis in Escherichia coli". Molecular ... January 2008). "Purification and characterization of cellulase produced by Bacillus amyoliquefaciens DL-3 utilizing rice hull ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulase

Bacillus stearothermophilus bacterium chocolate [1] Bacillus subtilis bacterium chocolate [1] Bacillus subtilis bacterium soy ... Bacillus cereus bacterium chocolate [1] Bacillus coagulans bacterium chocolate [7] Bacillus licheniformis bacterium chocolate [ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_microorganisms_used_in_food_and_beverage_preparation

"Assembly of Bacillus subtilis Phage Phi29. 1. Mutants in the Cistrons Coding for the Structural Proteins". European Journal of ... Bacillus phage phi29 (Φ29 phage) belongs to a family of related Bacteriophages which includes, in addition to Φ29, phages PZA, ... are the smallest Bacillus phages isolated to date and are among the smallest known dsDNA phages.[3] ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bacillus_phage_phi29&oldid=841433724" ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_phage_phi29

Bacillus subtilis stained with Nile red as a membrane dye (shown in red). This strain grows partly as cell chains, so a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile_red

Bacillus. Foto mikroskopis Bacillus subtilis dengan pewarnaan Gram dan pembesaran 1.000x. Bentuk oval yang tidak terwarnai ... Bacillus adalah genus bakteri Gram-positif berbentuk batang yang anggota dari filum Firmicutes. Spesies Bacillus dapat bersifat ... Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Bacillus.. *Bacillus genomes and related information at PATRIC, a Bioinformatics ... B. s. subsp. subtilis. B. taeanensis. B. tequilensis. B. thermantarcticus. B. thermoaerophilus. B. thermoamylovorans. B. ...

https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus

Lopez D, Vlamakis H, Kolter R (January 2009). "Generation of multiple cell types in Bacillus subtilis". FEMS Microbiol Rev. 33 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidrug_tolerance

"The permeability of the wall fabric of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis". Journal of Bacteriology. 178 (3): 768-73. PMC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptidoglycan

... the class Bacilli such as the Bacillus spp. (e.g. B. anthracis, a pathogen, and B. subtilis, biotechnologically useful), lactic ... Pasteuria is now assigned to phylum Bacilli, not to phylum Planctomycetes. *^ It has been proposed to call the clade ... Low-G+C species (later renamed Firmicutes[19]) (Clostridium, Peptococcus, Bacillus, Mycoplasma) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_phyla

Sibula sibula bakteriostaatiline toime in vitro bakterite kliiniliste isolaatide Bacillus subtilis ja Escherichia coli[24] ...

https://et.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibul

e.g. Bacillus subtilis, E. coli, and others. (2) apical growth. e.g. Corynebacterium diphtheriae. ... "Life without a wall or division machine in Bacillus subtilis". Nature. 457 (7231): 849-53. Bibcode:2009Natur.457..849L. doi: ... Schematic diagram of cellular growth (elongation) and binary fission of bacilli. Blue and red lines indicate old and newly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fission_

... lactic acid and Bacillus subtilis improved yields in all substrates.[33] ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroponics

Visualization of reinitiated chromosomes in Bacillus subtilis. J Mol Biol. Jul 28;68(3):501-9. ... circular bacteria chromosome replication is best understood in the well-studied bacteria Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis ... The first conclusive observations of bidirectional replication was from studies of B. subtilis.[11] Shortly after, the E. coli ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_bacterial_chromosome

Bacillus subtilis recently has been genetically modified to culture a proprietary formula to yield hyaluronans,[55] in a ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyaluronic_acid

Bacillus subtilis spores. 82 0.5 µm. Pseudomonas diminuta. 19146 0.45 µm. Serratia marcescens. 14756 ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_technology

Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sanguinis and in gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus.[20] ... The non-spore formers are Corynebacterium and Listeria (a coccobacillus), whereas Bacillus and Clostridium produce spores.[16] ... Two of these, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, are cocci (sphere-shaped). The remaining organisms are bacilli (rod-shaped) and ... Rod-shaped gram-positive Bacillus anthracis bacteria in a cerebrospinal fluid sample stand out from round white blood cells, ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram-positive

"DNA repair and the evolution of transformation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis". Genetics. 118 (1): 31-39. PMC 1203263. PMID ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_sexual_reproduction

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccate

"The Roles of Mutation Accumulation and Selection in Loss of Sporulation in Experimental Populations of Bacillus subtilis". ... სპორულაციის შესაძლებლობის დაკარგვა Bacillus subtilis-ში ლაბორატორიული ევოლუციის დროს, როგორც ჩანს, გამოწვეულია უფრო მუტაციური ...

https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/ევოლუცია

A ConA interacciona cos residuos superficiais de manosa de moitos microbios, como as bacterias E. coli,[25] e Bacillus subtilis ... "Interaction of concanavalin A with the cell wall of Bacillus subtilis". J Bacteriol 109 (2): 652-8. PMC 285189. PMID 4621684.. ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concanavalina_A

Signal transduction in Bacillus subtilis sporulation.. Strauch MA1, Hoch JA.. Author information. 1. Department of Molecular ... The initiation of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is regulated by a signal transduction system leading to activation (by ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8504245?dopt=Abstract

Bacillus subtilis DSM 28343 at 2 × 108 CFU/kg complete feed has the potential to be efficacious in pigs for fattening. ... In a previous opinion, the FEEDAP Panel concluded that Bacillus subtilis DSM 28343 is not an eye/skin irritant but should be ... The additive is a preparation containing viable spores of a strain of Bacillus subtilis. This species is considered by EFSA to ... Safety and efficacy of Bacillus subtilis DSM 28343 for pigs for fattening. ...

http://www.efsa.europa.eu/fr/efsajournal/pub/5725

Sequencing of the complete Bacillus subtilis chromosome revealed the presence of approximately 4100 genes, 1000 of which were ... Bacillus Phages / genetics. Bacillus subtilis / genetics*, virology. Chromosome Mapping*. Chromosomes, Bacterial / genetics. ... 10101153 - Genetic and physical maps of the bacillus subtilis chromosome.. 9515703 - Use of asymmetric cell division and ... Sequencing of the complete Bacillus subtilis chromosome revealed the presence of approximately 4100 genes, 1000 of which were ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Genetic-physical-maps-Bacillus-subtilis/10101153.html

In this study a new animal-free component, chemically defined medium, was tested for B. subtilis spore production. Medium ... Spores of Bacillus subtilis are being used as probiotics and competitive exclusion agents for animal consumption. Commercial ... "Enhanced Spore Production of Bacillus subtilis Grown in a Chemically Defined Medium" written by S. M. S. Monteiro, J. J. ... The study of the antifungal activity of the Bacillus subtilis BZR 336g strain under the conditions of periodic cultivation with ...

https://scirp.org/journal/papercitationdetails.aspx?PaperID=46858&JournalID=1000

In this study we investigated the potential of Bacillus subtilis as a microbial platform for bioconversion of glycerol into 3- ... subtilis. With this relatively high titer in batch, and the robustness of B. subtilis in high density fermentation conditions, ... subtilis. With this relatively high titer in batch, and the robustness of B. subtilis in high density fermentation conditions, ... Our recombinant B. subtilis strains overexpress the two-step heterologous pathway containing glycerol dehydratase and aldehyde ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00638/full

... isolated from Bacillus subtilis; Do not confuse with comC, a peptide competence factor ... Bacillus subtilis comC protein: Type 4 prepilin-like proteins leader peptide processing enzyme; has prepilin peptidase (EC 3.4. ... Bacillus subtilis comC protein. Subscribe to New Research on Bacillus subtilis comC protein ... isolated from Bacillus subtilis; Do not confuse with comC, a peptide competence factor ...

http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC061650-Bacillus-subtilis-comC-protein.do

Bacillus subtilis.. The reason for this is not clear because the raw juice is thought to be more concentrated than the other ... Bacillus subtilis. was not inhibited at all. The hot water extracts of onions did not inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi. ... Bacillus subtilis. but inhibited Salmonella typhi. at 0.8gml-1 while the cold-water extract of ginger inhibited both ... Bacillus subtilis. , the widest zones of inhibition was obtained with Salmonella typhi. followed by Escherichia coli.. These ...

http://ispub.com/IJTM/3/2/11056

Essential Bacillus subtilis genes. K. Kobayashi, S. D. Ehrlich, A. Albertini, G. Amati, K. K. Andersen, M. Arnaud, K. Asai, S. ... Essential Bacillus subtilis genes. K. Kobayashi, S. D. Ehrlich, A. Albertini, G. Amati, K. K. Andersen, M. Arnaud, K. Asai, S. ... 2002) in Bacillus subtilis and Its Closest Relatives: From Genes to Cells, eds Sonenshein A L, Hoch J A, Losick R(Am. Soc. ... 2002) in Bacillus subtilis and Its Closest Relatives: From Genes to Cells, eds Sonenshein A L, Hoch J A, Losick R(Am. Soc. ...

http://www.pnas.org/content/100/8/4678

Bacillus subtilis. Definition. Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, flagellated Gram-positive soil bacterium used as a model for ...

http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacillus-subtilis?error=cookies_not_supported&code=e6f34c0e-f47d-4741-9e88-df92a3b2e270

Bacillus subtilis is a naturally occurring bacteria. It is found on fruit trees and vegetable plants as well as on wild berry ... Bacillus subtilis when properly cultivated can save garden plants from destruction by disease. ... Bacillus subtilis when properly cultivated can save garden plants from destruction by disease. Bacillus subtilis is a naturally ... Bacillus subtilis is not harmful to most animals and is not a known carcinogen to humans. Caution should be used, however, as ...

https://www.ehow.com/how_8577998_grow-bacillus-subtilis.html

The mission of MIT Technology Review is to bring about better-informed and more conscious decisions about technology through authoritative, influential, and trustworthy journalism.

https://www.technologyreview.com/g/bacillus-subtilis/

Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis. Steven S. Branda, José Eduardo González-Pastor, Sigal Ben-Yehuda, Richard Losick ... Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis. Steven S. Branda, José Eduardo González-Pastor, Sigal Ben-Yehuda, Richard Losick ... Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis. Steven S. Branda, José Eduardo González-Pastor, Sigal Ben-Yehuda, Richard Losick ... Setlow, P. (in press) in Bacillus subtilis and Its Closest Relatives: From Genes to Cells, eds. Sonenshein, A. L., Hoch, J. A ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/98/20/11621?ijkey=0291c107e352dade10ef5eb5cabcf49af6e02b8b&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

... and studied spores of Bacillus subtilis 168 and Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032. B. pumilus spores were found in an air lock between ... Images of Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032 spores (seen in an electron micrograph) on aluminum before and after being exposed to space ... B. subtilis is a spore that has been studied in other space environment experiments. ... "Survival of Bacillus pumilus Spores for a Prolonged Period of Time in Real Space Conditions." ...

https://www.universetoday.com/tag/bacillus-subtilis/

Bacillus subtilis Info. pancham panchamaqua at vsnl.com Thu Feb 13 09:31:25 EST 2003 *Previous message: Influence of ... Sirs, Im looking for some basic information on Bacillus subtilis. Specifcally the environmental conditions & nutrients ...

http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/microbio/2003-February/022029.html

The gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis,forms biofilms on solid surfaces and at air-liquid interfaces, and biofilm ... Biofilm-defective mutants of Bacillus subtilis.. Chagneau C1, Saier MH Jr. ... We demonstrate that biofilm formation by B. subtilis strain JH642 can be either activated or repressed by glucose, depending on ... subtilis. In addition, our study suggests roles for glutamate synthase, GltAB, and an aminopeptidase, AmpS. The loss of these ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16088219?dopt=Abstract

Bacillus subtilis cells are able to sense self-produced autoinducers, which gives rise to stronger quorum-sensing-mediated ... Here, we explore the existence and impact of self-sensing in the Bacillus subtilis ComQXP and Rap-Phr quorum-sensing systems. ... Private link between signal and response in Bacillus subtilis quorum sensing. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 1586-1591 (2014). ... Bareia, T., Pollak, S. & Eldar, A. Self-sensing in Bacillus subtilis quorum-sensing systems. Nat Microbiol 3, 83-89 (2018). ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-017-0044-z?error=cookies_not_supported&code=84b3a6d7-7078-40b9-91ce-145f67222de6

Piggot PJ, Hilbert DW (2004) Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. Curr Opin Microbiol 7:579-586PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar ... Bacillus Subtilis Motile Bacterium Microtiter Dish Genetic Circuitry SinR Activity These keywords were added by machine and not ... Predich M, Nair G, Smith I (1992)Bacillus subtilis early sporulation genes kinA,spo0F, and spo0A are transcribed by the RNA ... Serrano M, Zilhao R, Ricca E, Ozin AJ, Moran CP Jr, Henriques AO (1999) A Bacillus subtilis secreted protein with a role in ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-540-75418-3_1

Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: exoA, BSU40880. EC: 3.1.11.2. ... we performed biochemical and structural characterization of Bacillus subtilis AP endonuclease ExoA and compared its crystal ... Bacillus subtilis AP endonuclease ExoA. *DOI: 10.2210/pdb5CFE/pdb. *Classification: HYDROLASE. *Organism(s): Bacillus subtilis ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/5cfe

Bacillus subtilis ATCC ® 11774™ Designation: NCTC 8236 TypeStrain=False Application: Assay of dihydrostreptomycin sulfate, ... Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn (ATCC® 11774™) Strain Designations: NCTC 8236 / Type Strain: no / Biosafety Level: 1 ...

https://www.atcc.org/en/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/By_Focus_Area/Quality_Control_Strains/Pharmaceutical_and_Personal_Care/11774.aspx?slp=1

Bacillus subtilis Domain: Prokaryote Optimal Growth Medium: Nutrient Agar Optimal Growth Temperature: 30° C Package: Tube ... Biosafety Level: 1 Gram Stain: Gram-Positive Shape: Bacillus (rod-shaped) ... Bacillus subtilis, Living, Tube. Item # 154921 Bacillus subtilis, Living, Tube is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 1. ... Genus and Species: Bacillus subtilis. Domain: Prokaryote. Optimal Growth Medium: Nutrient Agar Optimal Growth Temperature: 30° ...

https://www.carolina.com/bacteria/bacillus-subtilis-living-tube/154921.pr

https://www.atcc.org/en/Products/Quality_Control_Strains/Pharmaceutical_and_Personal_Care/19659.aspx?p=1&rel=%7B0%7D

Bacillus subtilis ATCC ® 19659™ Designation: PRD 66 TypeStrain=False Application: Efficacy testing Testing Testing ... Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn (ATCC® 19659-MINI-PACK™) Add to frozen 6 ready-to-use vials of ATCC® 19659™ in glycerol ... Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn (ATCC® 19659™) Click here to learn about our Enhanced Authentication Initiative .genome_ ...

https://atcc.org/products/all/19659.aspx

An mRNA degradation complex in Bacillus subtilis. [Martin Lehnik-Habrink; Jörg Stülke; Kai Tittmann; Wilfried Kramer] ... An mRNA degradation complex in Bacillus subtilis. Author:. Martin Lehnik-Habrink; Jörg Stülke; Kai Tittmann; Wilfried Kramer ... An mRNA degradation complex in Bacillus subtilis/Martin Lehnik-Habrink; Jörg Stülke; Kai Tittmann; Wilfried Kramer; Go ... Add tags for "An mRNA degradation complex in Bacillus subtilis". Be the first. ...

http://www.worldcat.org/title/an-mrna-degradation-complex-in-bacillus-subtilis/oclc/863903102

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https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1332520

Relationship of Bacillus subtilis clades associated with strains 168 and W23: a proposal for Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis ... Bacillus vallismortis sp. nov., a close relative of Bacillus subtilis, isolated from soil in Death Valley, California. Int. J. ... Recombination and migration rates in natural populations of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mojavensis. Evolution 49:1081-1094. ... Restriction-modification systems in Bacillus strains related to Bacillus subtilis. Genetika 19:33-38. [In Russian.]. ...

https://jb.asm.org/content/189/3/1163?ijkey=97ebb1b8dccb0460d75f2ef59670592573bf1a75&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

The process of sporulation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis proceeds through a well-defined series of morphological stages ... Molecular genetics of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis Annu Rev Genet. 1996;30:297-41. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genet.30.1.297. ... The process of sporulation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis proceeds through a well-defined series of morphological stages ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8982457/

Bacillus subtilis final risk assessment (1997, February). In Environmental Protection Agency Website. Retrieved March 26, 2008 ... Bacillus subtilis Genome Database (2006, January 18) In Genome Net Website. Retrieved April 14, 2008 ... Bacillus subtilis Genome Project In NIMH Genome Project Database. Retrieved March 26, 2008. ... Retrieved from "http://en.citizendium.org/wiki?title=Bacillus_subtilis/External_Links&oldid=100454707" ...

http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Bacillus_subtilis/External_Links

Bacillus subtilisas an important host has been widely used in synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and production of ... Keggins KM, Lovett PS, Duvall EJ (1978) Molecular cloning of genetically active fragments of Bacillus DNA in Bacillus subtilis ... Schumann W (2007) Production of recombinant proteins in Bacillus subtilis. Adv Appl Microbiol 62:137-189CrossRefPubMedGoogle ... Bacillus subtilis Microbial cell factory Phase-dependent promoter Synthetic biology Electronic supplementary material. The ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-017-8142-7

The additive Calsporin® is a preparation of viable spores of Bacillus subtilis DSM 15544, at a minimum declared concentration ... Safety and efficacy of Calsporin® (Bacillus subtilis DSM 15544) for all poultry species. ...

http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/5605

Bacillus subtilis. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: yfkJ, BSU07880. EC: 3.1.3.48. ... Crystal structure of YfkJ from Bacillus subtilis. Cao, X.F., Su, X.D.. To be published. ...

http://www.rcsb.org/structure/4ETM

Keywords: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Bacillus subtilis; antimicrobial; bacteriocin; subtilosin Document Type: Research Article ... Isolation of the Bacillus subtilis antimicrobial peptide subtilosin from the dairy product-derived Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ... a phylogenetically close relative of Bacillus subtilis. The cell-free supernatant (CFS) of overnight cultures was active ... PCR analysis was conducted to determine relatedness to other bacteriocins produced by Bacillus spp. Conclusion: The ...

https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/jam/2008/00000104/00000004/art00016

Bacillus subtilis is an organism capable of degrading an azo dye, such as p-aminoazobenzene (pAAB), under both aerobic and ... Keywords: ANOXIC CONDITIONS; B. SUBTILIS; BIODEGRADATION; DENITRIFICATION; KINETIC MODELING; P-AMINOAZOBENZENE Document Type: ... Kinetic experiments were carried out with a pure culture of B. subtilis and a mathematical model that accurately describes both ...

http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wef/wer/1999/00000071/00000003/art00010

B. subtilis is gram positive and aerobic and catalase positive. B. subtilis is significant because B. subtilis is considered to ... Bacillus Subtilis Soil. From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource. Revision as of 06:13, 4 May 2018 by Laura. ... B. subtilis can ferment glucose, sucrose, but not lactose. B. subtilis can decarboxylate and ferment arginine. It tested ... https://wickhamlabs.co.uk/technical-resource-centre/fact-sheet-bacillus-subtilis/ http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Bacillus_ ...

https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Bacillus_Subtilis_Soil&direction=prev&oldid=135280

Cell Envelope Homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis Investigators. Rudner, David Z. Institutions. Harvard University. Start date. ... The first two aims ofthis proposal focus on how the model gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis regulates two ...

https://www.nal.usda.gov/fsrio/research-projects/cell-envelope-homeostasis-bacillus-subtilis

Isolation, Purification and Characterization of a Thermophilic Alkaline Protease from Bacillus subtilis BP-36', Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran , 23(1), pp. 7-13. (ac.ir)

Our recombinant B. subtilis strains overexpress the two-step heterologous pathway containing glycerol dehydratase and aldehyde dehydrogenase from K. pneumoniae . (frontiersin.org)
With this relatively high titer in batch, and the robustness of B. subtilis in high density fermentation conditions, we expect that our production strains may constitute a solid basis for commercial production of 3-HP. (frontiersin.org)
The procedure has been used successfully for isolation of high- and low-copy-number plasmids from various Bacillus subtilis strains. (qiagen.com)
[ 4 ] Several lab studies found that probiotic strains, including Bacillus subtilis , can bind mycotoxins - toxic compounds produced by fungi, especially mold, that often contaminate corn, nuts , and other foods. (dreddymd.com)
Global Healing Center has created Floratrex™ , a one-of-a-kind probiotic formula that features Bacillus subtilis along with over twenty other highly beneficial probiotic strains. (dreddymd.com)
Comparing the major deletion derivative, delta pAM beta 1, with B. subtilis strains which have been reported to contain pAM beta 1 showed that these strains also contained delta pAM beta 1. (core.ac.uk)

Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 spore coat proteins were solubilized (n=3) using octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (OGP) at room temperature and urea/sodium dodecyl sulphate (UDS) at 37C and 70C. (oregonstate.edu)
Pressure, heat and time effects were studied on spore coat proteins obtained from untreated and pressure-treated B. subtilis ATCC 6633 spores. (oregonstate.edu)

Mizumoto, S., Hirai, M. and Shoda, M. (2007) Enhanced iturin A production by Bacillus subtilis and its effect on suppression of the plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. (scirp.org)

This thesis focuses on mechanisms of mRNA stability and degradation in Bacillus subtilis, the model of Gram-positive bacteria. (lu.se)
The observed iturin A production by the aerobic bacteria Bacillus subtilis in nearly anaerobic condition in such high substrate bed for SSF is a wonderful finding for development of SSF system in future. (scirp.org)
The Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus circulans bacteria generally do not cause illness in healthy babies, however if a baby has a weakened immune system the results of ingesting wither forms of the Bacillus bacteria could lead to serious health problems. (schmidtandclark.com)
Bacillus subtilis can secrete active substances, activate plant defense systems, enhance crop immunity and disease resistance, and reduce or eliminate the harm of pathogenic bacteria to plants. (doraagri.com)
Bacillus subtilis not only directly inhibits plant pathogenic bacteria but also enhances plant disease resistance by inducing the plant's disease resistance potential. (doraagri.com)

Here we show that the flavohemoglobin encoded by the hmp gene has a vital role in an adaptive response to protect the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis from nitrosative stress. (lu.se)
Summary The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis is well-known for its contributions to agricultural, medical, and food biotechnology and for the production of recombinant proteins. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Chemoheterotrophic Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis B-3157. (iiste.org)
It was carried out the microbiological preparation of 2 H-labeled purine ribonucleoside inosine excreted into liquid microbial culture (LC) by Gram-positive chemoheterotrophic bacterium Bacillus subtilis B-3157 while growing of this bacterium on heavy water (HW) medium with 2% (v/v) hydrolysate of deuterated biomass of the methylotrophic bacterium Brevibacterium methylicum B-5662 as a source of 2 H-labeled growth substrates. (iiste.org)

Varje protein motsvaras av en gen. (lu.se)
Mutations in the yjbIH operon, which encodes a truncated hemoglobin (YjbI) and a predicted 34-kDa cytosolic protein of unknown function (YjbH), rendered B. subtilis hypersensitive to SNP, suggesting roles in nitrosative stress management. (lu.se)
Recombinant Bacillus subtilis YOKI full length or partial length protein was expressed. (creativebiomart.net)
yokI hypothetical protein [ Bacillus subtilis subsp. (creativebiomart.net)
Furthermore, a technique with a useful promoter-probe plasmid to analyze strong promoters in B. subtilis was established, which allowed to study promoter and mRNA stabilizing elements to enhance the transcript level and mRNA stability leading to higher production of recombinant protein. (uni-bayreuth.de)
A sequence alignment of the predicted product of pbpH against the microbial protein database demonstrated that the most similar protein in B. subtilis is PBP2A and in E. coli is PBP2. (vt.edu)
Reduced heat resistance of mutant spores after cloning and mutagenesis of the Bacillus subtilis gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 5. (ox.ac.uk)
Part of the gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 5 from Bacillus subtilis 168 was cloned in Escherichia coli with a synthetic oligonucleotide as a hybridization probe. (ox.ac.uk)

Bacillus subtilis can produce a variety of materials with antibacterial and bacteriostatic activities during the growth process, such as subtilin, organic acids, antibacterial proteins, etc. (doraagri.com)
The sigB operon of Bacillus subtilis encodes σ(B) plus three additional proteins (RsbV, RsbW, and RsbX) that regulate σ(B) activity. (elsevier.com)

Spx activates transcription initiation in Bacillus subtilis by directly interacting with the C-terminal domain of the RNA polymerase(RNAP) holoenzyme- subunit, which generates a complex that recognizes the promoter regions of genes within the Spxregulon. (elsevier.com)
The B. subtilis genome sequencing project revealed there were two uncharacterized genes, ykuA and yrrR, with extensive sequence similarity to class B PBPs. (vt.edu)

In fact, the survivability of this species is so great that Bacillus subtilis is used to study the behavior of microorganisms in space. (dreddymd.com)
At present, about 60% of the commercially available technical enzymes are produced by Bacillus species. (uni-bayreuth.de)

Originally called Vibrio subtilis by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, a prolific German scientist, Bacillus subtilis was given its current name in 1872 by Ferdinand Cohn, a botanist and one of the founders of bacteriology. (dreddymd.com)

Phae, C.G. and Shoda, M. (1991) Investigation of optimal conditions for foam separation of iturin, an antifungal peptide produced by Bacillus subtilis. (scirp.org)
Ohno, A., Ano, T. and Shoda, M. (1993) Effect of temperature change and aeration on the production of the antifungal peptide antibiotic Iturin by Bacillus subtilis NB22 in liquid cultivation. (scirp.org)

Effect of C: N ratio on the spore production of Bacillus sp. (scirp.org)
Bioprocess development for enhanced spore production in shake flask and pilot scale bioreactors of Bacillus thuringiensis var. (scirp.org)
In Bacillus subtilis, PBPs play important roles in the life cycle, including both vegetative growth and sporulation, and contribute to the formation of the different structures of vegetative cell wall and spore cortex. (vt.edu)

The initiation of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is regulated by a signal transduction system leading to activation (by phosphorylation) of the Spo0A transcription factor. (nih.gov)

Weitz, D. A. Liquid transport facilitated by channels in Bacillus subtilis biofilms . (harvard.edu)
Here we report the presence of a remarkable network of well-defined channels that form in wildtype Bacillus subtilis biofilms and provide a system for enhanced transport. (harvard.edu)

The B. subtilis dacA gene was mutated by integration of a plasmid into the structural gene by homologous recombination. (ox.ac.uk)

Spores of foodborne pathogens such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens and Bacillus cereus are widely distributed in nature. (oregonstate.edu)

Hybridization experiments showed that the deleted fragment was not transposed to the B. subtilis chromosome. (core.ac.uk)

Also known as Bacillus uniflagellatus , Bacillus globigii , and Bacillus natto , Bacillus subtilis is commonly included in probiotic supplement formulations. (dreddymd.com)
Some fermented foods , such as natto-a fermented soybean dish that's popular in Japan-are a source of Bacillus subtilis and other probiotics. (dreddymd.com)

This cleavage is performed by RNase G, an endonuclease homologous to the N-terminal domain of RNase E. Our findings are consistent with the fact that B. subtilis and E. coli have different arsenals of mRNA-degrading enzymes. (lu.se)
[ 6 ] In turn, Bacillus subtilis supports the production of beneficial enzymes in the gut, including amylase , protease , pullulanase, chitinase, xylanase , and lipase . (dreddymd.com)
For example, B. subtilis, a biocontrol agent against rice sheath blight, can influence the activity of enzymes (POD, PPO & SOD) related to disease resistance of rice leaf sheath cells, and achieve disease resistance. (doraagri.com)

In this study, we investigated the potential of Bacillus subtilis as a microbial platform for bioconversion of glycerol into 3-HP. (frontiersin.org)
Hear what Damien Prévéraud -Global Scientific Manager, Health by Nutrition and Mycotoxin Management at Adisseo- has to say about how Bacillus subtilis DSM 29784 germination offers a greater appreciation of the role of the microbial ecology of the GIT supporting animal resilience and productivity. (engormix.com)

Iturin A was produced by indigenous bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis RB14-CS through glass column reactor (GCR) under solid state fermentation (SSF) was characterized. (scirp.org)
Khan, A. , Zohora, U. , Rahman, M. , Okanami, M. and Ano, T. (2012) Production of iturin A through glass column reactor (GCR) from soybean curd residue (okara) by Bacillus subtilis RB14-CS under solid state fermentation (SSF). (scirp.org)
Mizumoto, S., Hirai, M. and Shoda, M. (2006) Production of lipopeptide antibiotic iturin A using soybean curd residue cultivated with Bacillus subtilis in solid-state fermentation. (scirp.org)
Ohno, A., Ano, T. and Shoda, M. (1995) Effect of temperature on production of lipopeptide antibiotics, iturin A and surfactin by a dual producer, Bacillus subtilis RB14, in solid-state fermentation. (scirp.org)

Impact of surface structure and feed gas composition on Bacillus subtilis endospore inactivation during direct plasma treatment. (nih.gov)
To ensure comparable results between the three surfaces, all samples were inoculated with equal endospore densities of B. subtilis endospores. (nih.gov)

HU58 is a high potency dose of Bacillus subtilis HU58, formulated to work great on its own as well as enhance the efficacy of MegaSporeBiotic for specific health conditions. (pickvitamin.com)

Six commercially available novel plasmid-based IPTG-inducible expression plasmids for B. subtilis were constructed, too. (uni-bayreuth.de)

Would you like to discuss about this topic: Timely germination of Bacillus subtilis DSM 29784 and metabolites production are key for the health and performance of broilers? (engormix.com)

Asaka, O. and Shoda, M. (1996) Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani damping off of tomato with Bacillus subtilis RB14. (scirp.org)

We introduced the aprE leader-lacZ mRNA into E. coli to compare mRNA stability determinants in this bacterium and B. subtilis. (lu.se)
Moreover, a cleavage in the aprE leader mRNA that was observed in E. coli was not present in B. subtilis. (lu.se)

A biosurfactant producing strain, Bacillus subtilis 20B, was isolated from fermented food in India. (elsevier.com)

Tối ưu hóa thành phần môi trường lên men chủng Bacillus subtillis DB104 thu nhận peptide kháng khuẩn tái tổ hợp bằng phương pháp đáp ứng bề mặt. (scirp.org)

[ 2 ] Because Bacillus subtilis is so vigorous, it's especially valuable in probiotic supplement formulas where it's able to remain viable during manufacturing, packaging, and shipping. (dreddymd.com)
Many people find that the easiest and most consistent way to reliably strengthen their gut with Bacillus subtilis is with the help of a trusted, high-quality probiotic supplement. (dreddymd.com)
Does your probiotic supplement provide Bacillus subtilis ? (dreddymd.com)

Average mRNA half-lives in B. subtilis are around 5 minutes. (lu.se)
Först transkriberas en gen till en molekyl kallad mRNA (budbärar-RNA, eng. (lu.se)
Jag har studerat mekanismer för mRNA-nedbrytning i den ofarliga jordbakterien Bacillus subtilis. (lu.se)

Anatomy5

Organisms13

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs47

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes43

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care3

Influence of crossdrafts on the performance of a biological safety cabinet. (1/8455)

Carcinogenicity of triethanolamine in mice and its mutagenicity after reaction with sodium nitrite in bacteria. (2/8455)

Prodigious substrate specificity of AAC(6')-APH(2"), an aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance determinant in enterococci and staphylococci. (3/8455)

In vivo and in vitro processing of the Bacillus subtilis transcript coding for glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, serine acetyltransferase, and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. (4/8455)

Structural basis of multidrug recognition by BmrR, a transcription activator of a multidrug transporter. (5/8455)

Comparison of synonymous codon distribution patterns of bacteriophage and host genomes. (6/8455)

Esterases in serum-containing growth media counteract chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity in vitro. (7/8455)

Transient gene asymmetry during sporulation and establishment of cell specificity in Bacillus subtilis. (8/8455)

Bacillus subtilis

Spores, Bacterial

Bacterial Proteins

Bacillus cereus

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Genes, Bacterial

DNA, Bacterial

Bacillus anthracis

Molecular Sequence Data

Operon

Sigma Factor

Base Sequence

Bacillus thuringiensis

Bacteriophages

Bacillus megaterium

Mutation

Chromosomes, Bacterial

Amino Acid Sequence

Spores

Transformation, Bacterial

RNA, Bacterial

Escherichia coli

Cloning, Molecular

Plasmids

Transformation, Genetic

Picolinic Acids

Bacillus

Culture Media

Cell Wall

Transcription, Genetic

Bacillus Phages

alpha-Amylases

Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Chromosome Mapping

Promoter Regions, Genetic

Transcription Factors

Restriction Mapping

DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases

Hydroxyphenylazouracil

Temperature

Hot Temperature

Teichoic Acids

Peptidoglycan

Kinetics

beta-Galactosidase

Regulon

N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase

Chloramphenicol

Bacteriolysis

Genetic Complementation Test

Thymine

Lipopeptides

Genome, Bacterial

Escherichia coli Proteins

Genetics, Microbial

Repressor Proteins

Sequence Analysis, DNA

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Lysogeny

Protoplasts

Open Reading Frames

Artificial Gene Fusion

Uracil

Anti-Bacterial Agents

Genes, Regulator

Molecular Weight

Binding Sites

Hexosyltransferases

Genes

Mutagenesis, Insertional

Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Substrate Specificity

Drug Resistance, Microbial

Sequence Alignment

DNA Restriction Enzymes

Transduction, Genetic

Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid

Diatrizoate

Species Specificity

DNA Replication