AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth Care
Bacillus subtilisSpores, BacterialBacterial ProteinsBacillus cereusGene Expression Regulation, BacterialGenes, BacterialDNA, BacterialBacillus anthracisMolecular Sequence DataOperonSigma FactorBase SequenceBacillus thuringiensisBacteriophagesBacillus megateriumMutationChromosomes, BacterialAmino Acid SequenceSporesTransformation, BacterialRNA, BacterialEscherichia coliCloning, MolecularPlasmidsTransformation, GeneticPicolinic AcidsBacillusCulture MediaCell WallTranscription, GeneticBacillus Phagesalpha-AmylasesSequence Homology, Amino AcidChromosome MappingPromoter Regions, GeneticTranscription FactorsRestriction MappingDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesHydroxyphenylazouracilTemperatureHot TemperatureTeichoic AcidsPeptidoglycanKineticsbeta-GalactosidaseRegulonN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseChloramphenicolBacteriolysisGenetic Complementation TestThymineLipopeptidesGenome, BacterialEscherichia coli ProteinsGenetics, MicrobialRepressor ProteinsSequence Analysis, DNAHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLysogenyProtoplastsOpen Reading FramesArtificial Gene FusionUracilAnti-Bacterial AgentsGenes, RegulatorMolecular WeightBinding SitesHexosyltransferasesGenesMutagenesis, InsertionalRecombinant Fusion ProteinsSubstrate SpecificityDrug Resistance, MicrobialSequence AlignmentDNA Restriction EnzymesTransduction, GeneticSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidDiatrizoateSpecies SpecificityDNA ReplicationProtein BindingGene DeletionEnzyme RepressionPeptide HydrolasesTritiumAmino AcidsPolyglutamic AcidModels, MolecularNucleic Acid ConformationBacitracinTerminator Regions, GeneticHemolysin ProteinsAnthraxTryptophanAlanineDNA-Binding ProteinsMembrane ProteinsAcetoinMuramidaseIsopropyl Thiogalactoside
Bacillus subtilis
A species of gram-positive bacteria that is a common soil and water saprophyte.
Spores, Bacterial
Heat and stain resistant, metabolically inactive bodies formed within the vegetative cells of bacteria of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.
Bacterial Proteins
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
Bacillus cereus
A species of rod-shaped bacteria that is a common soil saprophyte. Its spores are widespread and multiplication has been observed chiefly in foods. Contamination may lead to food poisoning.
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.
Genes, Bacterial
The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.
DNA, Bacterial
Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.
Bacillus anthracis
A species of bacteria that causes ANTHRAX in humans and animals.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Operon
In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.
Sigma Factor
A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA.
Base Sequence
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Bacillus thuringiensis
A species of gram-positive bacteria which may be pathogenic for certain insects. It is used for the biological control of the Gypsy moth.
Bacteriophages
Viruses whose hosts are bacterial cells.
Bacillus megaterium
A species of bacteria whose spores vary from round to elongate. It is a common soil saprophyte.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Chromosomes, Bacterial
Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Spores
The reproductive elements of lower organisms, such as BACTERIA; FUNGI; and cryptogamic plants.
Transformation, Bacterial
The heritable modification of the properties of a competent bacterium by naked DNA from another source. The uptake of naked DNA is a naturally occuring phenomenon in some bacteria. It is often used as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.
RNA, Bacterial
Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis.
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Cloning, Molecular
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
Plasmids
Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.
Transformation, Genetic
Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.
Picolinic Acids
Bacillus
A genus of BACILLACEAE that are spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Most species are saprophytic soil forms with only a few species being pathogenic.
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Cell Wall
The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.
Transcription, Genetic
The biosynthesis of RNA carried out on a template of DNA. The biosynthesis of DNA from an RNA template is called REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION.
Bacillus Phages
Viruses whose host is Bacillus. Frequently encountered Bacillus phages include bacteriophage phi 29 and bacteriophage phi 105.
alpha-Amylases
Enzymes that catalyze the endohydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glycosidic linkages in STARCH; GLYCOGEN; and related POLYSACCHARIDES and OLIGOSACCHARIDES containing 3 or more 1,4-alpha-linked D-glucose units.
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.
Chromosome Mapping
Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.
Promoter Regions, Genetic
DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.
Transcription Factors
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.
Restriction Mapping
Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.
DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
Enzymes that catalyze DNA template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand one nucleotide at a time. They can initiate a chain de novo. In eukaryotes, three forms of the enzyme have been distinguished on the basis of sensitivity to alpha-amanitin, and the type of RNA synthesized. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992).
Hydroxyphenylazouracil
Inhibitor of DNA replication in gram-positive bacteria.
Temperature
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
Hot Temperature
Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.
Teichoic Acids
Bacterial polysaccharides that are rich in phosphodiester linkages. They are the major components of the cell walls and membranes of many bacteria.
Peptidoglycan
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
beta-Galactosidase
A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.
Regulon
In eukaryotes, a genetic unit consisting of a noncontiguous group of genes under the control of a single regulator gene. In bacteria, regulons are global regulatory systems involved in the interplay of pleiotropic regulatory domains and consist of several OPERONS.
N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase
An autolytic enzyme bound to the surface of bacterial cell walls. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell wall glycopeptides, particularly peptidoglycan. EC 3.5.1.28.
Chloramphenicol
An antibiotic first isolated from cultures of Streptomyces venequelae in 1947 but now produced synthetically. It has a relatively simple structure and was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic to be discovered. It acts by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and is mainly bacteriostatic. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p106)
Bacteriolysis
Rupture of bacterial cells due to mechanical force, chemical action, or the lytic growth of BACTERIOPHAGES.
Genetic Complementation Test
A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.
Thymine
Lipopeptides
Compounds consisting of a short peptide chain conjugated with an acyl chain.
Genome, Bacterial
The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.
Escherichia coli Proteins
Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.
Genetics, Microbial
A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the genetic mechanisms and processes of microorganisms.
Repressor Proteins
Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release.
Sequence Analysis, DNA
A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Lysogeny
The phenomenon by which a temperate phage incorporates itself into the DNA of a bacterial host, establishing a kind of symbiotic relation between PROPHAGE and bacterium which results in the perpetuation of the prophage in all the descendants of the bacterium. Upon induction (VIRUS ACTIVATION) by various agents, such as ultraviolet radiation, the phage is released, which then becomes virulent and lyses the bacterium.
Protoplasts
The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL.
Open Reading Frames
A sequence of successive nucleotide triplets that are read as CODONS specifying AMINO ACIDS and begin with an INITIATOR CODON and end with a stop codon (CODON, TERMINATOR).
Artificial Gene Fusion
The in vitro fusion of GENES by RECOMBINANT DNA techniques to analyze protein behavior or GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, or to merge protein functions for specific medical or industrial uses.
Uracil
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Substances that reduce the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.
Genes, Regulator
Genes which regulate or circumscribe the activity of other genes; specifically, genes which code for PROTEINS or RNAs which have GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION functions.
Molecular Weight
The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.
Binding Sites
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
Hexosyltransferases
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of hexose groups. EC 2.4.1.-.
Genes
A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.
Mutagenesis, Insertional
Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Drug Resistance, Microbial
The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS).
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
DNA Restriction Enzymes
Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.
Transduction, Genetic
The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.
Diatrizoate
A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
DNA Replication
The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.
Protein Binding
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
Gene Deletion
A genetic rearrangement through loss of segments of DNA or RNA, bringing sequences which are normally separated into close proximity. This deletion may be detected using cytogenetic techniques and can also be inferred from the phenotype, indicating a deletion at one specific locus.
Enzyme Repression
The interference in synthesis of an enzyme due to the elevated level of an effector substance, usually a metabolite, whose presence would cause depression of the gene responsible for enzyme synthesis.
Peptide Hydrolases
Hydrolases that specifically cleave the peptide bonds found in PROTEINS and PEPTIDES. Examples of sub-subclasses for this group include EXOPEPTIDASES and ENDOPEPTIDASES.
Tritium
Amino Acids
Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.
Polyglutamic Acid
A peptide that is a homopolymer of glutamic acid.
Models, Molecular
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
Nucleic Acid Conformation
The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.
Bacitracin
A complex of cyclic peptide antibiotics produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis. The commercial preparation is a mixture of at least nine bacitracins with bacitracin A as the major constituent. It is used topically to treat open infections such as infected eczema and infected dermal ulcers. (From Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1140)
Terminator Regions, Genetic
DNA sequences recognized as signals to end GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION.
Hemolysin Proteins
Proteins from BACTERIA and FUNGI that are soluble enough to be secreted to target ERYTHROCYTES and insert into the membrane to form beta-barrel pores. Biosynthesis may be regulated by HEMOLYSIN FACTORS.
Anthrax
An acute infection caused by the spore-forming bacteria BACILLUS ANTHRACIS. It commonly affects hoofed animals such as sheep and goats. Infection in humans often involves the skin (cutaneous anthrax), the lungs (inhalation anthrax), or the gastrointestinal tract. Anthrax is not contagious and can be treated with antibiotics.
Tryptophan
An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.
Alanine
A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
DNA-Binding Proteins
Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.
Membrane Proteins
Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.
Acetoin
A product of fermentation. It is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. In mammals it is oxidized to carbon dioxide.
Muramidase
A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.
Isopropyl Thiogalactoside
A non-metabolizable galactose analog that induces expression of the LAC OPERON.
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.
Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System
The bacterial sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) that catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to its sugar substrates (the PTS sugars) concomitant with the translocation of these sugars across the bacterial membrane. The phosphorylation of a given sugar requires four proteins, two general proteins, Enzyme I and HPr and a pair of sugar-specific proteins designated as the Enzyme II complex. The PTS has also been implicated in the induction of synthesis of some catabolic enzyme systems required for the utilization of sugars that are not substrates of the PTS as well as the regulation of the activity of ADENYLYL CYCLASES. EC 2.7.1.-.
Nitrosoguanidines
Muramic Acids
Compounds consisting of glucosamine and lactate joined by an ether linkage. They occur naturally as N-acetyl derivatives in peptidoglycan, the characteristic polysaccharide composing bacterial cell walls. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Lac Operon
The genetic unit consisting of three structural genes, an operator and a regulatory gene. The regulatory gene controls the synthesis of the three structural genes: BETA-GALACTOSIDASE and beta-galactoside permease (involved with the metabolism of lactose), and beta-thiogalactoside acetyltransferase.
Carbon Isotopes
Stable carbon atoms that have the same atomic number as the element carbon, but differ in atomic weight. C-13 is a stable carbon isotope.
Pest Control, Biological
Use of naturally-occuring or genetically-engineered organisms to reduce or eliminate populations of pests.
Recombinant Proteins
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
Bacterial Toxins
Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.
Glycoside Hydrolases
Gram-Positive Bacteria
Bacteria which retain the crystal violet stain when treated by Gram's method.
Centrifugation, Density Gradient
Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Deoxyribonucleases
Enzymes which catalyze the hydrolases of ester bonds within DNA. EC 3.1.-.
Phenotype
The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.
Suppression, Genetic
Mutation process that restores the wild-type PHENOTYPE in an organism possessing a mutationally altered GENOTYPE. The second "suppressor" mutation may be on a different gene, on the same gene but located at a distance from the site of the primary mutation, or in extrachromosomal genes (EXTRACHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCE).
Bacteria
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Recombination, Genetic
Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.
Microscopy, Electron
Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.
Mutagenesis
Process of generating a genetic MUTATION. It may occur spontaneously or be induced by MUTAGENS.
Aspartate Kinase
An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of beta-aspartyl phosphate from aspartic acid and ATP. Threonine serves as an allosteric regulator of this enzyme to control the biosynthetic pathway from aspartic acid to threonine. EC 2.7.2.4.
Crystallography, X-Ray
The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Influence of crossdrafts on the performance of a biological safety cabinet. (1/8455)

A biological safety cabinet was tested to determine the effect of crossdrafts (such as those created by normal laboratory activity or ventilation) upon the ability of the cabinet to protect both experiments and investigators. A simple crossdraft, controllable from 50 to 200 feet per min (fpm; 15.24 to 60.96 m/min), was created across the face of the unit. Modifications of standardized procedures involving controlled bacterial aerosol challenges provided stringent test conditions. Results indicated that, as the crossflow velocities exceeded 100 fpm, the ability of the cabinet to protect either experiments or investigators decreased logarithmically with increasing crossdraft speed. Because 100 fpm is an airspeed easily achieved by some air conditioning and heating vents (open windows and doorways may create velocities far in excess of 200 fpm), the proper placement of a biological safety cabinet within the laboratory--away from such disruptive air currents--is essential to satisfactory cabinet performance.  (+info)

Carcinogenicity of triethanolamine in mice and its mutagenicity after reaction with sodium nitrite in bacteria. (2/8455)

Mice fed a diet containing 0.3 or 0.03% triethanolamine developed malignant tumors. Females showed a high incidence of tumors in lymphoid tissues, while this type was absent in males. Tumors in other tissues were produced at a considerable rate in both sexes, but no hepatoma was found. Triethanolamine was not mutagenic to Bacillus subtilis by itself, but it became mutagenic after reacting with sodium nitrite under acidic conditions or when the mixture was heated. Although N-nitrosodiethanolamine, a known carcinogen and mutagen, was detected in the reaction mixture by thin-layer chromatography, it may not be the main mutagenic product, because the product was a stable and direct mutagen and its mutagenic activity was destroyed by liver enzymes, unlike N-nitrosodiethanolamine. The lethal and mutagenic DNA damages produced by this unidentified product were susceptible to some extent to the repair functions of the bacteria.  (+info)

Prodigious substrate specificity of AAC(6')-APH(2"), an aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance determinant in enterococci and staphylococci. (3/8455)

BACKGROUND: High-level gentamicin resistance in enterococci and staphylococci is conferred by AAC(6')-APH(2"), an enzyme with 6'-N-acetyltransferase and 2"-O-phosphotransferase activities. The presence of this enzyme in pathogenic gram-positive bacteria prevents the successful use of gentamicin C and most other aminoglycosides as therapeutic agents. RESULTS: In an effort to understand the mechanism of aminoglycoside modification, we expressed AAC(6')-APH(2") in Bacillus subtilis. The purified enzyme is monomeric with a molecular mass of 57 kDa and displays both the expected aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase and O-phosphotransferase activities. Structure-function analysis with various aminoglycosides substrates reveals an enzyme with broad specificity in both enzymatic activities, accounting for AAC(6')-APH(2")'s dramatic negative impact on clinical aminoglycoside therapy. Both lividomycin A and paromomycin, aminoglycosides lacking a 6'-amino group, were acetylated by AAC(6')-APH(2"). The infrared spectrum of the product of paromomycin acetylation yielded a signal consistent with O-acetylation. Mass spectral and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the products of neomycin phosphorylation indicated that phosphoryl transfer occurred primarily at the 3'-OH of the 6-aminohexose ring A, and that some diphosphorylated material was also present with phosphates at the 3'-OH and the 3"'-OH of ring D, both unprecedented observations for this enzyme. Furthermore, the phosphorylation site of lividomycin A was determined to be the 5"-OH of the pentose ring C. CONCLUSIONS: The bifunctional AAC(6')-APH(2") has the capacity to inactivate virtually all clinically important aminoglycosides through N- and O-acetylation and phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups. The extremely broad substrate specificity of this enzyme will impact on future development of aminoglycosides and presents a significant challenge for antibiotic design.  (+info)

In vivo and in vitro processing of the Bacillus subtilis transcript coding for glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, serine acetyltransferase, and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. (4/8455)

In Bacillus subtilis, the adjacent genes gltX, cysE, and cysS encoding respectively glutamyl-tRNA synthetase, serine acetyl-transferase, and cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase, are transcribed as an operon but a gltX probe reveals only the presence of a monocistronic gltX mRNA (Gagnon et al., 1994, J Biol Chem 269:7473-7482). The transcript of the gltX-cysE intergenic region contains putative alternative secondary structures forming a p-independent terminator or an antiterminator, and a conserved sequence (T-box) found in the leader of most aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and many amino acid biosynthesis genes in B. subtilis and in other Gram-positive eubacteria. The transcription of these genes is initiated 45 nt upstream from the first codon of gltX and is under the control of a sigmaA-type promoter. Analysis of the in vivo transcript of this operon revealed a cleavage site immediately downstream from the p-independent terminator structure. In vitro transcription analysis, using RNA polymerases from Escherichia coli, B. subtilis, and that encoded by the T7 phage, in the presence of various RNase inhibitors, shows the same cleavage. This processing generates mRNAs whose 5'-end half-lives differ by a factor of 2 in rich medium, and leaves putative secondary structures at the 3' end of the gltX transcript and at the 5' end of the cysE/S mRNA, which may be involved in the stabilization of these mRNAs. By its mechanism and its position, this cleavage differs from that of the other known transcripts encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in B. subtilis.  (+info)

Structural basis of multidrug recognition by BmrR, a transcription activator of a multidrug transporter. (5/8455)

Multidrug-efflux transporters demonstrate an unusual ability to recognize multiple structurally dissimilar toxins. A comparable ability to bind diverse hydrophobic cationic drugs is characteristic of the Bacillus subtilis transcription regulator BmrR, which upon drug binding activates expression of the multidrug transporter Bmr. Crystal structures of the multidrug-binding domain of BmrR (2.7 A resolution) and of its complex with the drug tetraphenylphosphonium (2.8 A resolution) revealed a drug-induced unfolding and relocation of an alpha helix, which exposes an internal drug-binding pocket. Tetraphenylphosphonium binding is mediated by stacking and van der Waals contacts with multiple hydrophobic residues of the pocket and by an electrostatic interaction between the positively charged drug and a buried glutamate residue, which is the key to cation selectivity. Similar binding principles may be used by other multidrug-binding proteins.  (+info)

Comparison of synonymous codon distribution patterns of bacteriophage and host genomes. (6/8455)

Synonymous codon usage patterns of bacteriophage and host genomes were compared. Two indexes, G + C base composition of a gene (fgc) and fraction of translationally optimal codons of the gene (fop), were used in the comparison. Synonymous codon usage data of all the coding sequences on a genome are represented as a cloud of points in the plane of fop vs. fgc. The Escherichia coli coding sequences appear to exhibit two phases, "rising" and "flat" phases. Genes that are essential for survival and are thought to be native are located in the flat phase, while foreign-type genes from prophages and transposons are found in the rising phase with a slope of nearly unity in the fgc vs. fop plot. Synonymous codon distribution patterns of genes from temperate phages P4, P2, N15 and lambda are similar to the pattern of E. coli rising phase genes. In contrast, genes from the virulent phage T7 or T4, for which a phage-encoded DNA polymerase is identified, fall in a linear curve with a slope of nearly zero in the fop vs. fgc plane. These results may suggest that the G + C contents for T7, T4 and E. coli flat phase genes are subject to the directional mutation pressure and are determined by the DNA polymerase used in the replication. There is significant variation in the fop values of the phage genes, suggesting an adjustment to gene expression level. Similar analyses of codon distribution patterns were carried out for Haemophilus influenzae, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and their phages with complete genomic sequences available.  (+info)

Esterases in serum-containing growth media counteract chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity in vitro. (7/8455)

The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi was unexpectedly found to be as susceptible to diacetyl chloramphenicol, the product of the enzyme chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, as it was to chloramphenicol itself. The susceptibilities of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, as well as that of B. burgdorferi, to diacetyl chloramphenicol were then assayed in different media. All three species were susceptible to diacetyl chloramphenicol when growth media were supplemented with rabbit serum or, to a lesser extent, human serum. Susceptibility of E. coli and B. subtilis to diacetyl chloramphenicol was not observed in the absence of serum, when horse serum was used, or when the rabbit or human serum was heated first. In the presence of 10% rabbit serum, a strain of E. coli bearing the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene had a fourfold-lower resistance to chloramphenicol than in the absence of serum. A plate bioassay for chloramphenicol activity showed the conversion by rabbit, mouse, and human sera but not bacterial cell extracts or heated serum of diacetyl chloramphenicol to an inhibitory compound. Deacetylation of acetyl chloramphenicol by serum components was demonstrated by using fluorescent substrates and thin-layer chromatography. These studies indicate that esterases of serum can convert diacetyl chloramphenicol back to an active antibiotic, and thus, in vitro findings may not accurately reflect the level of chloramphenicol resistance by cat-bearing bacteria in vivo.  (+info)

Transient gene asymmetry during sporulation and establishment of cell specificity in Bacillus subtilis. (8/8455)

Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is initiated by an asymmetric division generating two cells of different size and fate. During a short interval, the smaller forespore harbors only 30% of the chromosome until the remaining part is translocated across the septum. We demonstrate that moving the gene for sigmaF, the forespore-specific transcription factor, in the trapped region of the chromosome is sufficient to produce spores in the absence of the essential activators SpoIIAA and SpoIIE. We propose that transient genetic asymmetry is the device that releases SpoIIE phosphatase activity in the forespore and establishes cell specificity.  (+info)

Global and United States Bacillus Subtilis Industry Trends, Share, Revenue and Forecast Report until 2022 - BizPR.us | US Free...
Other. Table of Content:. Chapter One Global Bacillus Subtilis Market Overview. 1.1Global Bacillus Subtilis Market Sales Volume Revenue and Price 2012-2022. 1.2 Bacillus Subtilis, by Product Type 2012-2022. 1.2.1 Global Bacillus Subtilis Sales Market Share by Product Type 2012-2022. 1.2.2 Global Bacillus Subtilis Revenue Market Share by Product Type 2012-2022. 1.2.3 Global Bacillus Subtilis Price by Product Type 2012-2022. 1.2.4 100 Billion CFU/g. 1.2.5 100-300 Billion CFU/g. 1.2.6 300 Billion CFU/g. Make an Enquiry @ http://www.marketresearchhub.com/enquiry.php?type=enquiry&repid=1256588. About Market Research Hub:. Market Research Hub (MRH) is a next-generation reseller of Research Reports and analysis. MRHs expansive collection of pharmaceutical market research reports has been carefully curated to help key personnel and decision makers across industry verticals to clearly visualize their operating environment and take strategic steps.. MRH functions as an integrated platform for the ...
http://bizpr.us/2017/07/28/global-united-states-bacillus-subtilis-industry-trends-share-revenue-forecast-report-2022/
ANTIMICROBIAL POLYMERS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF - Patent applicationANTIMICROBIAL POLYMERS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF - Patent application
0141] FIGS. 5A to 5E are bar charts showing the viability of Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, and the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, respectively, when treated with micelles formed from Example 1. FIGS. 6A to 6E are bar charts showing the viability of Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans as well as Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus faecalis, respectively, when treated with micelles formed from Example 3. FIG. 7 is a bar chart showing the viability of Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis when treated with micelles formed from Example 2. Example 2 does not show a strong inhibition effect towards bacterial growth, having a MIC of higher than 66.4 micromole/L against Bacillus subtilis (FIG. 7). This is attributed to the polymer with the longest hydrophobic block precipitating ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20130011457
AID 1307019 - Potency index, ratio of chloromycin MIC to compound MIC for Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633 - PubChemAID 1307019 - Potency index, ratio of chloromycin MIC to compound MIC for Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633 - PubChem
BioAssay record AID 1307019 submitted by ChEMBL: Potency index, ratio of chloromycin MIC to compound MIC for Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1307019
Evidence for Different Pathways during Horizontal Gene Transfer in Competent Bacillus subtilis CellsEvidence for Different Pathways during Horizontal Gene Transfer in Competent Bacillus subtilis Cells
Author Summary Many bacteria can actively acquire novel genetic material from their environment, which leads to the rapid spreading of, for example, antibiotic resistance genes. The bacterium Bacillus subtilis can differentiate into the state of competence, in which cells take up ssDNA through a DNA uptake complex that is specifically localized at a single cell pole. DNA can be integrated into the chromosome, via RecA, or can be reconstituted as circular dsDNA, if derived from plasmid or from viral DNA. We show that RecO, RecU, and Ku proteins, but not RecA, are important for plasmid transformation, and differentially accumulate at the polar DNA uptake machinery. Upon addition of any kind of DNA, the assembly of RecU at the competence pole dissipated, while RecA formed filamentous structures that rapidly grew and shrank within a 1 minute time scale. RecO visibly accumulated at the competence machinery only upon addition of plasmid DNA, but not of chromosomal DNA. In vitro, RecO was highly efficient at
https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000630
Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii Nakamura et al. ATCC ® 6633D-5Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii Nakamura et al. ATCC ® 6633D-5
Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii ATCC ® 6633D-5™ Designation: Genomic DNA from Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii strain NRS 231 TypeStrain=False Application: Food testing
https://www.atcc.org/Products/Cells_and_Microorganisms/By_Focus_Area/Food_Applications/Quality_Control/6633D-5.aspx
Consultation on Bacillus velezensis strain RTI301, Bacillus subtilis strain RTI477, Ataplan Biological Fungicide, and Arolist...Consultation on Bacillus velezensis strain RTI301, Bacillus subtilis strain RTI477, Ataplan Biological Fungicide, and Arolist...
Health Canada proposes registration of Bacillus velezensis strain RTI301 Technical, Bacillus subtilis strain RTI477 Technical, Ataplan Biological Fungicide and Arolist Biological Fungicide, containing the technical grade active ingredients Bacillus velezensis strain RTI301 and Bacillus subtilis strain RTI477.
https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/consumer-product-safety/pesticides-pest-management/public/consultations/proposed-registration-decisions/2021/ataplan-arolist-biological-fungicides.html
The Complete Genome Sequence of the Gram-Positive Bacterium Bacillus SubtilisThe Complete Genome Sequence of the Gram-Positive Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis
Bacillus subtilis is the best-characterized member of the Gram-positive bacteria. Its genome of 4,214,810 base pairs comprises 4,100 protein-coding genes. Of these protein-coding genes, 53% are represented once, while a quarter of the genome corresponds to several gene families that have been greatl …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9384377/?dopt=Abstract
Nucleotide sequence and analysis of the phoB-rrnE-groESL region of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Nucleotide sequence and analysis of the phoB-rrnE-groESL region of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome. AU - Sadaie, Yoshito. AU - Yata, Katsunori. AU - Fujita, Masaya. AU - Sagai, Hitoshi. AU - Itaya, Mitsuhiro. AU - Kasahara, Yasuhiro. AU - Ogasawara, Naotake. PY - 1997/6. Y1 - 1997/6. N2 - A 36 kb sequence of the phoB-rrnE-groESL region of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome at around 55°has been determined. The sequenced region contains 36 ORFs including the phoB and groESL genes, and the whole rrnE operon. The phoB gene is transcribed in the direction opposite to that of chromosome replication, while most ORFs, including groESL and the rrnE operon, are transcribed in the same direction. Two newly identified tRNA genes upstream of the rrnE operon were those for Arg-tRNA and Gly-tRNA. The sequenced region contains an operon consisting of genes for degradation and uptake of mannan. The rrnE operon and its downstream ORFs are well conserved among Mycoplasma genitalium, Haemophilus ...
https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/nucleotide-sequence-and-analysis-of-the-phob-rrne-groesl-region-o
σX Is Involved in Controlling Bacillus subtilis Biofilm Architecture through the AbrB Homologue Abh - Research Database, The...
A characteristic feature of biofilm formation is the production of a protective extracellular polymeric matrix. In the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, the biofilm matrix is synthesized by the products of the epsABCDEFGHIJKLMNO operon (hereafter called the eps operon) and yqxM-sipW-tasA loci. Transcription from these operons is repressed by two key regulators, AbrB and SinR. Relief of inhibition is necessary to allow biofilm formation to proceed. Here we present data indicating that Abh, a sequence and structural homologue of AbrB, regulates biofilm architecture by B. subtilis when colony morphology and pellicle formation are assessed. Data indicating that abh expression is dependent on the environmental signals that stimulate the activity of the extracytoplasmic function sigma-factor sigma(X) are shown. We demonstrate that expression of slrR, the proposed activator of yqxM transcription, is positively controlled by Abh. Furthermore, Abh is shown to activate transcription from the ...
http://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/portal/en/research/x-is-involved-in-controlling-bacillus-subtilis-biofilm-architecture-through-the-abrb-homologue-abh
Chemoheterotrophic Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis B-3157. Microbiological Preparation of Deuterium Labeled Purine Ribonucleoside...Chemoheterotrophic Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis B-3157. Microbiological Preparation of Deuterium Labeled Purine Ribonucleoside...
Chemoheterotrophic Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis B-3157. Microbiological Preparation of Deuterium Labeled Purine Ribonucleoside Inosine from Bacillus Subtilis B-3157
https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JMPB/article/view/18740
Bacillus subtilis: A Healthy Probiotic Strain - Dr. Eddy Bettermann MDBacillus subtilis: A Healthy Probiotic Strain - Dr. Eddy Bettermann MD
Source: Bacillus subtilis: A Healthy Probiotic Strain by Dr. Edward Group Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria that is found in soil and the gut of humans and some types of animals. Also known as Bacillus uniflagellatus, Bacillus globigii, and Bacillus natto, Bacillus subtilis is commonly included in probiotic supplement formulations. Its a useful and beneficial probiotic that supports digestion, enzyme production, and helps…
https://dreddymd.com/2017/10/17/bacillus-subtilis-a-healthy-probiotic-strain/
Construction and analysis of novel controllable expression vectors for Bacillus subtilis - ERef BayreuthConstruction and analysis of novel controllable expression vectors for Bacillus subtilis - ERef Bayreuth
Summary The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis is well-known for its contributions to agricultural, medical, and food biotechnology and for the production of recombinant proteins. At present, about 60% of the commercially available technical enzymes are produced by Bacillus species. Furthermore, a large body of information concerning transcription, translation, protein folding and secretion mechanisms, genetic manipulation, and large-scale fermentation has been acquired. But so far, efficient and inexpensive expression vectors for B. subtilis are still missing. To fill this gap, a glycine-inducible expression system and a lysine-autoinducible one were explored and IPTG-inducible expression plasmids that allow overexpression and purification of proteins were constructed and analyzed. Furthermore, a technique with a useful promoter-probe plasmid to analyze strong promoters in B. subtilis was established, which allowed to study promoter and mRNA stabilizing elements to enhance the transcript ...
https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/12155/
Bacillus subtilis endospore coat protein solubilization methods for studying effects of high pressure precessing
Spores of foodborne pathogens such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens and Bacillus cereus are widely distributed in nature. Presence of those spores in food products, particularly C. botulinum spores in vacuum packed, ready-to-eat low-acid products, is a great safety concern. The research here described is a first effort towards understanding the role of the spore coat proteins in the inactivation of bacterial spore using high pressure processing. This study proposes a coat protein solubilization methodology using non-ionic detergents minimizing protein damage and compatible with spectroscopy methods. The methodology developed here was compared with approaches proposed in the literature with respect to protein yield, protein fractions identified, amino acid composition and suitability with spectroscopy techniques for the further analysis of coat proteins. Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 spore coat proteins were solubilized (n=3) using octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (OGP) at room ...
https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/3197xp766
A plant signal attracts the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis to the roots | Nature Portfolio Microbiology CommunityA plant signal attracts the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis to the roots | Nature Portfolio Microbiology Community
Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) have important applications in agriculture. A key prerequisite for those PGPRs to exert beneficial activities is to effectively colonize the roots. Paradoxically, a major challenge for those rhizobacteria is how to migrate from soil to the roots, and further spread along the roots, considering the arid or semi-arid nature of the soil and the root surface. Studies have shown that chemotaxis and swimming motility driven by flagella play an important role in root colonization in aqueous environments. However, one can argue that swimming motility is not productive in the semi-arid or arid soil and root surface. Bacteria may have to reply on certain types of solid surface motility to migrate in the soil and colonize roots. So here comes the simple question: how do bacteria migrate in the soil? We showed here that Bacillus subtilis, a well-known PGPR, can utilize sucrose, a simple sugar and an abundant root exudate component, as a signal to initiate ...
https://naturemicrobiologycommunity.nature.com/posts/a-plant-signal-attracts-the-soil-bacterium-bacillus-subtilis-to-the-roots?badge_id=292-contributor
Domain assignment for gi|16077226|ref|NP 388039.1| from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168Domain assignment for gi|16077226|ref|NP 388039.1| from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168
Domain architecture and assignment details (superfamily, family, region, evalue) for gi|16077226|ref|NP_388039.1| from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168. Plus protein sequence and external database links.
https://supfam.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/SUPERFAMILY/cgi-bin/gene.cgi?genome=bs&seqid=gi%7C16077226%7Cref%7CNP_388039.1%7C&model=0044690
A plasmid-borne Rap-Phr system of Bacillus subtilis can mediate cell-density controlled production of extracellular proteases |...A plasmid-borne Rap-Phr system of Bacillus subtilis can mediate cell-density controlled production of extracellular proteases |...
Bacillus subtilis uses two-component signal transduction systems to sense intra- and extracellular stimuli to adapt to fluctuating environmental situations. Regulator aspartate phosphatases (Raps) have important roles in these processes, as they can dephosphorylate certain response-regulators, and are themselves subject to cell-density-controlled inhibition by secreted Phr (phosphate regulator) peptides. Eleven chromosomal genes encode this family of phosphatases, but in addition, certain strains contain endogenous plasmids with genes for homologous Rap-Phr systems. Plasmid pTA1060 encodes Rap60 and its antagonistic signalling molecule Phr60. Strikingly, expression of Rap60 in B. subtilis 168 strongly repressed the production of proteolytic enzymes. In fact, the transcription of the aprE gene, encoding a major extracellular protease, was shown to be decreased upon Rap60 expression, whereas this effect could be antagonized by the extracellular addition of synthetic Phr60 pentapeptide. Finally,
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.25737-0
Production of iturin A through glass column reactor (GCR) from soybean curd residue (okara) by Bacillus subtilis RB14-CS under...Production of iturin A through glass column reactor (GCR) from soybean curd residue (okara) by Bacillus subtilis RB14-CS under...
The present study was conducted with an aim to scale up the production of iturin A using soybean curd residue (okara). Iturin A was produced by indigenous bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis RB14-CS through glass column reactor (GCR) under solid state fermentation (SSF) was characterized. The enhanced iturin A production was observed with respect to enhanced substrate bed height when SSF was conducted in Erlenmeyer flask. To check the effect of substrate bed height on iturin A production under SSF of okara, GCR was introduced. Substrate bed height of 15 cm was suitable for iturin A production which was about 2700 mg/kg wet substrate. The observed iturin A production by the aerobic bacteria Bacillus subtilis in nearly anaerobic condition in such high substrate bed for SSF is a wonderful finding for development of SSF system in future.
https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=18454
Rok regulates yuaB expression during architecturally complex colony development of Bacillus subtilis 168<...Rok regulates yuaB expression during architecturally complex colony development of Bacillus subtilis 168<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Rok regulates yuaB expression during architecturally complex colony development of Bacillus subtilis 168. AU - Kovács, Ákos T.. AU - Kuipers, Oscar P.. PY - 2011. Y1 - 2011. N2 - Transcriptome analysis of a Bacillus subtilis rok strain that showed reduced complex colony structure formation revealed significant downregulation of the yuaB gene. Overexpression of yuaB restored structure formation in the rok strain. We show that transcription of yuaB is indirectly regulated by Rok, independently from its previously described AbrB-dependent regulation.. AB - Transcriptome analysis of a Bacillus subtilis rok strain that showed reduced complex colony structure formation revealed significant downregulation of the yuaB gene. Overexpression of yuaB restored structure formation in the rok strain. We show that transcription of yuaB is indirectly regulated by Rok, independently from its previously described AbrB-dependent regulation.. U2 - 10.1128/JB.01170-10. DO - ...
https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/rok-regulates-yuab-expression-during-architecturally-complex-colo
Bacillus subtilis HS Codes | HS Code of Bacillus subtilis Import Export ClassificationBacillus subtilis HS Codes | HS Code of Bacillus subtilis Import Export Classification
Seair Exim Provides details of Bacillus subtilis HS Code along With description and shipment records for Bacillus subtilis import and export.
https://www.seair.co.in/bacillus-subtilis-hs-code.aspx
bacillus subtilis food grade China Manufacturerbacillus subtilis food grade China Manufacturer
China bacillus subtilis food grade with High-Quality, Leading bacillus subtilis food grade Manufacturers & Suppliers, find bacillus subtilis food grade Factory & Exporters.
http://www.shprobioticpowder.com/edible-thickener/58662883.html
Bacillus subtilis generates a major specific deletion in pAM beta 1. - COREBacillus subtilis generates a major specific deletion in pAM beta 1. - CORE
pAM beta 1, a 26.5-kilobase plasmid originally isolated from Streptococcus faecalis, was conjugally transferred from Streptococcus lactis to Bacillus subtilis. No conjugal transfer of pAM beta 1 from B. subtilis to S. lactis was observed. In addition, pAM beta 1 which had been reintroduced in S. lactis after cycling through B. subtilis had lost its conjugal transferability to Streptococcus cremoris, although under the same conditions noncycled pAM beta 1 was transferred at high efficiency. Restriction and Southern blot analyses showed that pAM beta 1 had suffered one major, specific 10.6-kilobase deletion and several minor but also specific deletions in B. subtilis. Comparing the major deletion derivative, delta pAM beta 1, with B. subtilis strains which have been reported to contain pAM beta 1 showed that these strains also contained delta pAM beta 1. Hybridization experiments showed that the deleted fragment was not transposed to the B. subtilis chromosome. Based on the size of the minor ...
https://core.ac.uk/display/3289059
ASMscience | 21 Bacillus subtilis Spo
This chapter focuses on Bacillus subtilis multicellularity, emphasizing the two-cell differentiation process of endospore formation and attempting to note similarities to Myxococcus xanthus. While cell growth, division, motility, and chemotaxis clearly play roles in forming bioconvection patterns, complex colonies, and macrofibers, these multicellular phenomena have not yet been subjected to systematic genetic analysis. In contrast, recently discovered multicellular behaviors of biofilm formation and swarming motility are rapidly being elucidated by genetic and genomic approaches. The most studied and best understood multicellular behaviors of B. subtilis are the development of genetic competence (the ability to take up exogenous DNA) and sporulation. The chapter summarizes the understanding of how morphogenesis and intercellular signaling control the activity of cell-specific s factors, focusing on recent progress and attempting to identify questions that remain. It also reviews the results of genomic
https://www.asmscience.org/content/book/10.1128/9781555815677.ch21
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relatedness of Lactose-Positive Bacillus subtilis Strains and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens | Microbiology...Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relatedness of Lactose-Positive Bacillus subtilis Strains and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens | Microbiology...
Of 130 strains classified as Bacillus subtilis, 60 fermented lactose and utilized gluconate slowly. High deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness values of 70 to 100% to the type strain (NRRL B-14393) of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens indicated these organisms to be strains of that species. The 70 remaining strains did not ferment lactose, utilized gluconate strongly, and were highly related genetically to the type strain (NRRL NRS-744) of B. subtilis. Lactose fermentation was observed in a standard medium containing 2% lactose instead of the usual 0.5%. Low deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness values of 25 to 37% established that neither group was related to B. pumilus, B. coagulans, B. firmus, or B. licheniformis. The results indicated that lactose fermentation and gluconate utilization are characteristics that can differentiate between B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens.
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-37-4-444
Whatre the Benefits of Bacillus subtilis in Agriculture? - Dora Agri-TechWhatre the Benefits of Bacillus subtilis in Agriculture? - Dora Agri-Tech
Bacillus subtilis can secrete active substances, activate plant defense systems, enhance crop immunity and disease resistance, and reduce or eliminate the harm of pathogenic bacteria to plants. It can also promote the growth and development of a variety of plant seeds, seedlings, roots, and enhance the disease resistance of plants, thereby indirectly reducing the occurrence of diseases. For example, Bacillus subtilis increase the formation of auxin (IAA, IBA), stimulates crop roots development, and enhances photosynthesis. At the same time, it converts materials that are difficult to absorb in the soil into materials that are easily absorbed by crops, promotes the absorption and utilization of nutrients by crops, and improves the utilization rate of fertilizers. ...
https://doraagri.com/benefits-of-bacillus-subtilis/
Expression and localization of SpoIISA toxin during the life cycle of Bacillus subtilis - Semantic ScholarExpression and localization of SpoIISA toxin during the life cycle of Bacillus subtilis - Semantic Scholar
The previously identified spoIIS locus encodes a toxin-antitoxin system in Bacillus subtilis. It comprises two genes, spoIISA encoding a toxin and spoIISB encoding an antitoxin, which lies adjacent to each other on the chromosome. Each of the spoIIS coding sequences is preceded by a promoter region and the two genes together constitute an operon. The function of SpoIISA is unknown, although it has been shown that the absence of SpoIISB or loss of its function leads to a block in sporulation at stage II. The cytoplasmic membrane has been proposed as the target of the SpoIISA toxin. Heterologously expressed SpoIISA-SpoIISB was shown to be functional in Escherichia coli, where again the cytoplasmic membrane was the most probable target for SpoIISA toxicity. Here we analyzed the effects of SpoIISA production during vegetative growth of B. subtilis and during sporulation by following the levels of SpoIISA. SpoIISA levels increase at the point of entry into stationary phase of cell cultures grown in
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Expression-and-localization-of-SpoIISA-toxin-durin-Re%C5%A1et%C3%A1rov%C3%A1-Florek/8c4a20128cd38dd66d9fad34c9932f87cbd9491d
Genes required for cytochrome c synthesis in Bacillus subtilis - Lund UniversityGenes required for cytochrome c synthesis in Bacillus subtilis - Lund University
Cytochromes of c-type contain covalently bound haem and in bacteria are located on the periplasmic side of the cytoplasmic membrane. More than eight different gene products have been identified as being specifically required for the synthesis of cytochromes c in Gram-negative bacteria. Corresponding genes are not found in the genome sequences of Gram-positive bacteria. Using two random mutagenesis approaches, we have searched for cytochrome c biogenesis genes in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Three genes, resB, resC and ccdA, were identified. CcdA has been found previously and is required for a late step in cytochrome c synthesis and also plays a role in spore synthesis. No function has previously been assigned for ResB and ResC but these predicted membrane proteins show sequence similarity to proteins required for cytochrome c synthesis in chloroplasts. Attempts to inactivate resB and resC in B. subtilis have indicated that these genes are essential for growth. We demonstrate ...
http://portal.research.lu.se/portal/en/publications/genes-required-for-cytochrome-c-synthesis-in-bacillus-subtilis
Post-translational control of Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation mediated by tyrosine phosphorylation - Research Database, The...
A biofilm is a complex community of cells enveloped in a self-produced polymeric matrix. Entry into a biofilm is exquisitely controlled at the level of transcription and in the Gram-positive organism Bacillus subtilis it requires the concerted efforts of three major transcription factors. Here, we demonstrate that in addition to transcriptional control, B. subtilis utilizes post-translational modifications to control biofilm formation; specifically through phosphorylation of tyrosine residues. Through our work we have assigned novel roles during biofilm formation to two proteins; the protein tyrosine kinase PtkA and the protein tyrosine phosphatase PtpZ. Furthermore by introducing amino acid point mutations within the catalytic domains of PtkA and PtpZ we have identified that the kinase and phosphatase activities, respectively, are essential for function. PtkA contains a conserved C-terminal tyrosine cluster that is the site of autophosphorylation; however, our in vivo analysis demonstrates that ...
http://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/portal/en/research/posttranslational-control-of-bacillus-subtilis-biofilm-formation-mediated-by-tyrosine-phosphorylation
Frontiers | Isolation and characterization of a β-propeller gene containing phosphobacterium Bacillus subtilis strain KPS-11...Frontiers | Isolation and characterization of a β-propeller gene containing phosphobacterium Bacillus subtilis strain KPS-11...
Phosphate-solubilizing and phytate-mineralizing bacteria collectively termed as phosphobacteria provide a sustainable approach for managing P-deficiency in agricultural soils by supplying inexpensive phosphate to plants. A phosphobacterium Bacillus subtilis strain KPS-11 (Genbank accession no. KP006655) was isolated from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) rhizosphere and characterized for potato plant growth promoting potential. The strain utilized both Ca-phosphate and Na-phytate in vitro and produced 6.48 μg mL-1 indole-3-acetic acid in tryptophan supplemented medium. P-solubilization after 240 h was 66.4 μg mL-1 alongwith the production of 19.3 μg mL-1 gluconic acid and 5.3 μg mL-1 malic acid. The extracellular phytase activity was higher (4.3 × 10-10 kat mg-1 protein) than the cell-associated phytase activity (1.6 × 10-10 kat mg-1 protein). B. subtilis strain KPS-11 utilized 40 carbon sources and showed resistance against 20 chemicals in GENIII micro-plate system demonstrating its metabolic
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00583/full
Nationwide Teether Recall Lawsuit | Luv N Care, Nuby, Cottontails & Playschool Teether Recall | Bacillus Subtilis, Bacillus...Nationwide Teether Recall Lawsuit | Luv N Care, Nuby, Cottontails & Playschool Teether Recall | Bacillus Subtilis, Bacillus...
On July 17, 2009 the U.S. Food & Drug Adminsitration (FDA) in association withLuv N Care, LTD issued an urgent, nationwide recall of various gel filled baby/infant teeters after the FDA discovered that some lots of the Nuby, Cottontails and Playschool Teethers contained Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus circulans.. The Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus circulans bacteria generally do not cause illness in healthy babies, however if a baby has a weakened immune system the results of ingesting wither forms of the Bacillus bacteria could lead to serious health problems.. If your child or somebody you know has gotten sick after ingesting any of the contaminated teether liquid, you should speak with a qualified medical professional immediately. You should then contact us for a free confidential case review, as you may be entitled to compensation for your childs injuries. ...
https://www.schmidtandclark.com/luv-n-care
Inactivation kinetics for Bacillus subtilis endospores | Open-iInactivation kinetics for Bacillus subtilis endospores | Open-i
Inactivation kinetics for Bacillus subtilis endospores for (△) pure argon, () argon + 0.135% vol. oxygen, () argon + 0.135% vol. oxygen + 0.2% vol. nitrogen i
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC4526801_fmicb-06-00774-g002&req=4
Subspecies: Bacillus subtilisSubspecies: Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilis subsp. stercoris is the correct name if this subspecies is regarded as a separate subspecies (i.e., if its nomenclatural type is not assigned to another subspecies whose name is validly published, legitimate and not rejected and has priority) within a separate species Bacillus subtilis within a separate genus Bacillus. ...
https://lpsn.dsmz.de/subspecies/bacillus-subtilis-stercoris
Homolactic fermentation from glucose and cellobiose using Bacillus subtilis | Microbial Cell Factories | Full TextHomolactic fermentation from glucose and cellobiose using Bacillus subtilis | Microbial Cell Factories | Full Text
Biodegradable plastics can be made from polylactate, which is a polymer made from lactic acid. This compound can be produced from renewable resources as substrates using microorganisms. Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive bacterium recognized as a GRAS microorganism (g enerally r egarded a s s afe) by the FDA. B. subtilis produces and secretes different kind of enzymes, such as proteases, cellulases, xylanases and amylases to utilize carbon sources more complex than the monosaccharides present in the environment. Thus, B. subtilis could be potentially used to hydrolyze carbohydrate polymers contained in lignocellulosic biomass to produce chemical commodities. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulosic fraction of agroindustrial wastes produces cellobiose and a lower amount of glucose. Under aerobic conditions, B. subtilis grows using cellobiose as substrate. In this study, we proved that under non-aerated conditions, B. subtilis ferments cellobiose to produce L-lactate with 82% of the theoretical yield,
https://microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2859-8-23
Mechanisms of adaptation to nitrosative stress in Bacillus subtilisMechanisms of adaptation to nitrosative stress in Bacillus subtilis
article{b934b2b3-a5c6-4edc-b815-40c3fe1ef9c9, abstract = {Bacteria use a number of mechanisms for coping with the toxic effects exerted by nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives. Here we show that the flavohemoglobin encoded by the hmp gene has a vital role in an adaptive response to protect the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis from nitrosative stress. We further show that nitrosative stress induced by the nitrosonium cation donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) leads to deactivation of the transcriptional repressor NsrR, resulting in derepression of hmp. Nitrosative stress induces the sigma B-controlled general stress regulon. However, a sigB null mutant did not show increased sensitivity to SNP, suggesting that the sigma B-dependent stress proteins are involved in a nonspecific protection against stress whereas the Hmp flavohemoglobin plays a central role in detoxification. Mutations in the yjbIH operon, which encodes a truncated hemoglobin (YjbI) and a predicted 34-kDa cytosolic protein of unknown ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/764769
Regulation of σ(B) levels and activity in Bacillus subtilis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Regulation of σ(B) levels and activity in Bacillus subtilis. AU - Benson, A. K.. AU - Haldenwang, W. G.. PY - 1993/1/1. Y1 - 1993/1/1. N2 - The sigB operon of Bacillus subtilis encodes σ(B) plus three additional proteins (RsbV, RsbW, and RsbX) that regulate σ(B) activity. Using an anti- σ(B) monoclonal antibody to monitor the levels of σ(B) protein, P(SPAC) to control the expression of the sigB operon, and a ctc-lacZ reporter system to monitor σ(B) activity, we observed that the rsbV and rsbW products control σ(B) activity at the ctc promoter independently of their effects on σ(B) levels. In contrast, RsbX was found to have no effect on expression of ctc when the sigB operon was controlled by P(SPAC). The data are consistent with RsbV and RsbW being regulators of σ(B) activity and RsbX acting primarily as a negative regulator of sigB operon expression. Evidence that stationary- phase induction of the σ(B)-dependent ctc promoter is accomplished by a reduction in ...
https://nebraska.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/regulation-of-%CF%83b-levels-and-activity-in-bacillus-subtilis
Developing Bacillus subtilis as a versatile bioproduct platform for agricultural and pharmaceutical applications</em>...Developing Bacillus subtilis as a versatile bioproduct platform for agricultural and pharmaceutical applications</em>...
TY - THES. T1 - Developing Bacillus subtilis as a versatile bioproduct platform for agricultural and pharmaceutical applications. AU - Song, Yafeng. PY - 2021. Y1 - 2021. N2 - Bioproducts made by microbial cell factories play important roles in human life ranging from food, feed, cosmetic and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Microbial hosts are required to be non-pathogenic overproducers and should be growing at low costs. Bacillus subtilis is one of the bacteria, which can fulfill these requirements. It is generally regarded as safe, easy to modify genetically and able to grow fast in simple medium. It can secrete high levels of proteins into the culture medium, and has also been reported to be a high isoprene producer. The work described in the thesis of Yafeng Song focuses on two aspects. Firstly, she engineered B. subtilis to secrete high level of β-mannanase, a major mannan-degrading enzyme that is extensively used in agriculture as feed additive. This was achieved by increasing β-mannanase ...
https://research.rug.nl/nl/publications/developing-bacillus-subtilis-as-a-versatile-bioproduct-platform-f
An efficient heat-inducible Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage 10...An efficient heat-inducible Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage 10...
An efficient heat-inducible Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage 105 expression and secretion system for the production of the Streptomyces clavuligerus beta-lactama
https://www.mysciencework.com/publication/show/efficient-heat-inducible-bacillus-subtilis-bacteriophage-105-expression-secretion-system-production-streptomyces-clavul-a53bc7c1
Characterization of biosynthetic and catabolic pathways of Bacillus subtilis strain 168., NC DOCKS (North Carolina Digital...
Abstract: Bacillus subtilis has long been a model bacterium for understanding biological mechanisms, such as fatty acid catabolism and polyketide biosynthesis. Our interest in the latter was centered on the polyketide synthase (PKS) mechanism responsible for ß-branching polyketides. The unique structural moiety is attributed to a HMG-CoA synthase homolog, such as the pksG gene in B. subtilis. The first goal was a metagenomic survey of local soils, using the conserved pksG homolog sequence as a genetic marker. After optimizing techniques for the extraction and purification of environmental DNA, the ß-branching polyketide population was not detected in any local soil samples. While working with a pksG homolog, an apparent sequence anomaly prompted us to verify the taxonomic classification of B. subtilis research strains ATCC 39374 and 39320. Comparison of DNA sequences (pksG homologs, hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA and rDNA) and species-specific genes showed the two ATCC strains are more ...
http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/listing.aspx?styp=ti&id=2449
Certain Extracellular Productions in Bacillus subtilis Cultures Supplemented with Banana Waste as Substrate - International...Certain Extracellular Productions in Bacillus subtilis Cultures Supplemented with Banana Waste as Substrate - International...
The Bacillus subtilis (k1) grew in submerged fermentation cultures supplemented with various organs of banana agricultural wastes as the cheapest substrate. Due to the differential richness of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin of banana organs, it could be a valuable factor for B. subtilis growth and the production of valuable secondary products. The B. subtilis was inoculated on LB0 (TY-medium), LB1 (⅛ TY-medium), LB2 (LB1 + leaf blade), LB3 (LB1 + leaf midrib), LB4 (LB1 + leaf sheet), LB5 (
https://eijppr.com/article/certain-extracellular-productions-in-bacillus-subtilis-cultures-supplemented-with-banana-waste-as-substrate
Evidence that a single monomer of Spx can productively interact with RNA polymerase in Bacillus subtilis<...Evidence that a single monomer of Spx can productively interact with RNA polymerase in Bacillus subtilis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Evidence that a single monomer of Spx can productively interact with RNA polymerase in Bacillus subtilis. AU - Lin, Ann A.. AU - Zuber, Peter. PY - 2012/4/1. Y1 - 2012/4/1. N2 - Spx activates transcription initiation in Bacillus subtilis by directly interacting with the C-terminal domain of the RNA polymerase(RNAP) holoenzyme- subunit, which generates a complex that recognizes the promoter regions of genes within the Spxregulon. Many Gram-positive species possess multiple paralogs of Spx, suggesting that two paralogous forms of Spx could simultaneouslycontact RNAP. The composition of Spx/RNAP was examined in vitro using an Spx variant (SpxδCHA) bearing a 12-amino-acid deletion of the C terminus (SpxδC) and a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag and Spxc-Myc, a full-length Spx with aC-terminal myelocytomatosis oncoprotein (c-Myc) epitope tag. All Spx/RNAP complexes bearing deletion or C-terminal-taggedvariants were transcriptionally active in vivo and in vitro. Reaction mixtures ...
https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/evidence-that-a-single-monomer-of-spx-can-productively-interact-w-2
Bacillus Subtilis Soil Project - microbewiki
Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces. B. subtilis is a rod-shaped bacterium arranged in either single cells, small clumps, or short chains. Its cell wall consists of a thick peptidoglycan layer. B. subtilis is apart of the kingdom Bacteria, which means this organism has a single circular chromosome within the nucleoid region of its cytoplasm. B. subtilis has a helical cytoskeleton composed of a single protein. (11) B. subtilis is a motile organism through use of its flagella, which is a whip-like appendage used for movement. Specifically, B. subtilis has peritrichous flagella, meaning has flagella projecting in all directions around the cell. (11) B. subtilis exhibits endospore formation. Endospores are dormant durable structures often created from a vegetative cell in response to nutrient deprivation are produced through the process sporulation. During this process, a thick layer of peptidoglycan and spore coat form around a copy of ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Bacillus_Subtilis_Soil_Project&direction=next&oldid=135303
Bacillus Subtilis Soil Project - microbewiki
Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces. B. subtilis is a rod-shaped bacterium arranged in either single cells, small clumps, or short chains. Its cell wall consists of a thick peptidoglycan layer. B. subtilis is apart of the kingdom Bacteria, which means this organism has a single circular chromosome within the nucleoid region of its cytoplasm. B. subtilis has a helical cytoskeleton composed of a single protein. (11) B. subtilis is a motile organism through use of its flagella, which is a whip-like appendage used for movement. Specifically, B. subtilis has peritrichous flagella, meaning has flagella projecting in all directions around the cell. (11) B. subtilis exhibits endospore formation. Endospores are dormant durable structures often created from a vegetative cell in response to nutrient deprivation are produced through the process sporulation. During this process, a thick layer of peptidoglycan and spore coat form around a copy of ...
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Bacillus_Subtilis_Soil_Project&direction=next&oldid=135293&printable=yes
Optimization of Fermentative Production of Keratinase by Bacillus subtilis Strain S1 in Submerged State Fermentation Using...Optimization of Fermentative Production of Keratinase by Bacillus subtilis Strain S1 in Submerged State Fermentation Using...
Keratinases are well-recognized enzymes with the singular power of taking down the recalcitrant structural proteins such as keratin. Their prospective in bio-waste management of feather waste has been well recognized since long. In present scenario, they have acquired importance in various other industrial applications. The present study mainly focused on the isolation of keratin degrading bacteria and its use in optimization of culture conditions to maximize the keratinase production. The isolated strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis strainS1 according to morphological and biochemical characteristics followed by 16 S rRNA sequencing (accession no: LC054177). The influence of cultivation temperature and initial pH of the medium on keratinase production revealed the optimal values of the temperature and pH as 40 °C and 7, respectively. Maximum keratinolytic activity was observed at 72 h after incubation. Optimized value for inoculum size and substrate concentration was found to be 5% and 1%
https://www.ijcmas.com/abstractview.php?ID=5610&vol=6-12-2017&SNo=167
Genetic and physical maps of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome.
Sequencing of the complete Bacillus subtilis chromosome revealed the presence of approximately 4100 genes, 1000 of which were previously identified and mapped by classical genetic crosses. Comparison of these experimentally determined positions to th
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Genetic-physical-maps-Bacillus-subtilis/10101153.html
Enhanced Spore Production of |i|Bacillus subtilis|/i| Grown in a Chemically Defined MediumEnhanced Spore Production of |i|Bacillus subtilis|/i| Grown in a Chemically Defined Medium
Spores of Bacillus subtilis are being used as probiotics and competitive exclusion agents for animal consumption. Commercial production media often include relatively expensive components of animal origin that are a potential source for the presence of adventious agents, therefore undesirable for use in production scale. In this study a new animal-free component, chemically defined medium, was tested for B. subtilis spore production. Medium composition was optimized with respect to vitamin composition, carbon, nitrogen and calcium concentrations. A fed-batch bioprocess was developed, being the effect on sporulation of the carbon to nitrogen ratio at the end of the exponential growth phase studied. The developed strategy consisted of an initial and a final batch phase and an intermediate fed-batch phase with the addition of a feeding solution containing glucose and calcium and the addition of a feeding solution of ammonium sulphate, using an exponential and a constant feeding profile,
https://scirp.org/journal/papercitationdetails.aspx?PaperID=46858&JournalID=1000
Bacillus subtilis comC protein Summary Report | CureHunterBacillus subtilis comC protein Summary Report | CureHunter
Bacillus subtilis comC protein: Type 4 prepilin-like proteins leader peptide processing enzyme; has prepilin peptidase (EC 3.4.23.43) as well as N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.-) activities; amino acid sequence given in first source; may be a component of the DNA-processing apparatus of competent cells; cleaves pre-comGC; homologous to pilD protein; member of protease/transmethylase family; isolated from Bacillus subtilis; Do not confuse with comC, a peptide competence factor
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC061650-Bacillus-subtilis-comC-protein.do
Production of biosurfactant and antifungal compound by fermented food isolate Bacillus subtilis 20B<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Production of biosurfactant and antifungal compound by fermented food isolate Bacillus subtilis 20B. AU - Joshi, Sanket. AU - Bharucha, Chirag. AU - Desai, Anjana J.. PY - 2008/7. Y1 - 2008/7. N2 - A biosurfactant producing strain, Bacillus subtilis 20B, was isolated from fermented food in India. The strain also showed inhibition of various fungi in in-vitro experiments on Potato Dextrose Agar medium. It was capable of growth at temperature 55 °C and salts up to 7%. It utilized different sugars, alcohols, hydrocarbons and oil as a carbon source, with preference for sugars. In glucose based minimal medium it produced biosurfactant which reduced surface tension to 29.5 mN/m, interfacial tension to 4.5 mN/m and gave stable emulsion with crude oil and n-hexadecane. The biosurfactant activity was stable at high temperature, a wide range of pH and salt concentrations for five days. Oil displacement experiments using biosurfactant containing broth in sand pack columns with crude oil ...
https://squ.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/production-of-biosurfactant-and-antifungal-compound-by-fermented-
Bacillus subtilis spoVK protein Summary Report | CureHunterBacillus subtilis spoVK protein Summary Report | CureHunter
Bacillus subtilis spoVK protein: from Bacillus subtilis; MW 36 kDa; expressed only in mother cell from sequentially active promoters; amino acid sequence given in first source
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryC072906-Bacillus-subtilis-spoVK-protein.do
Safety and efficacy of Bacillus subtilis DSM 28343 for pigs forSafety and efficacy of Bacillus subtilis DSM 28343 for pigs for
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of Bacillus subtilis DSM 28343 when used in feed for pigs for fattening. The additive is a preparation containing viable spores of a strain of Bacillus subtilis. This species is considered by EFSA to be suitable for the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach to safety assessment which requires the identity of the strain to be conclusively established, evidence that the strain is not toxigenic and that it does not show resistance to antibiotics of human and veterinary importance. The strain was found to meet the criteria for the QPS approach in the context of a previous opinion and since concerns are not expected from other components of the additive, the additive is presumed safe for all target species, consumers and the environment. In a previous opinion, the FEEDAP Panel concluded that ...
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/fr/efsajournal/pub/5725
Structure of a Bacillus subtilis endo-beta-1,4-glucanase gene....Structure of a Bacillus subtilis endo-beta-1,4-glucanase gene....
Structure of a Bacillus subtilis endo-beta-1,4-glucanase gene.: The nucleotide sequence of the portion of a Bacillus subtilis (strain PAP115) 3 kb Pst I fragmen
https://www.mysciencework.com/publication/show/structure-of-a-bacillus-subtilis-endo-beta-1-4-glucanase-gene
An autoinhibitory conformation of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat protein SpoIVA prevents its premature ATP-independent...An autoinhibitory conformation of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat protein SpoIVA prevents its premature ATP-independent...
Castaing, J.-P., Lee, S., Anantharaman, V., Ravilious, G. E., Aravind, L. and Ramamurthi, K. S. (2014), An autoinhibitory conformation of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat protein SpoIVA prevents its premature ATP-independent aggregation. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 358: 145-153. doi: 10.1111/1574-6968.12452 ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1574-6968.12452/references
DNA repair and the evolution of transformation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - DNA repair and the evolution of transformation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. AU - Michod, R. E.. AU - Wojciechowski, M. F.. AU - Hoezler, M. A.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2004 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1988. Y1 - 1988. N2 - The purpose of the work reported here is to test the hypothesis that natural genetic transformation in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis has evolved as a DNA repair system. Specifically, tests were made to determine whether transformation functions to provide DNA template for the bacterial cell to use in recombinational repair. The survivorship and the homologous transformation rate as a function of dose of ultraviolet irradiation (UV) was studied in two experimental treatments, in which cells were either transformed before (DNA-UV), or after (UV-DNA), treatment with UV. The results show that there is a qualitative difference in the relationship between the survival of transformed cells (sexual cells) and total cells (primarily asexual ...
https://arizona.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/dna-repair-and-the-evolution-of-transformation-in-the-bacterium-b
Antimicrobial action of methanolic seed extracts of Syzygium cumini Linn. on Bacillus subtilis | AMB Express | Full TextAntimicrobial action of methanolic seed extracts of Syzygium cumini Linn. on Bacillus subtilis | AMB Express | Full Text
Phytochemicals of Syzygium cumini are used for the treatment of various diseases as a traditional medicine but the mechanism behind their action is not well reported. Antimicrobial activity of methanolic seed extract of S. cumini was done by agar well diffusion assay on Bacillus subtilis and its zone of inhibition was found to be 20.06 mm in comparison to control having no zone of inhibition. MIC of S. cumini was found to be 0.3 mg/ml. Genomic DNA degradation of B. subtilis reveals apoptosis and FE-scanning electron microscope indicates cell wall cracking on several intervals of time. Results of propidium iodide staining showed few bacterial cells were stained in control; however population of stained cells increased after exposing them for varying period of time. Flow cytometric kinetic data analysis on the membrane permeabilization in bacterial cell showed the significant contribution of antimicrobial potential of the seed extract on antimicrobial-induced permeabilization. In silico analysis revealed
https://amb-express.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13568-017-0500-4/figures/2
Horizontal transfer of iturin a operon, itu, to Bacillus subtilis 168 and conversion into an iturin A producer<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Horizontal transfer of iturin a operon, itu, to Bacillus subtilis 168 and conversion into an iturin A producer. AU - Tsuge, Kenji. AU - Inoue, Satoka. AU - Ano, Takashi. AU - Itaya, Mitsuhiro. AU - Shoda, Makoto. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2005/11. Y1 - 2005/11. N2 - Iturin A and its derivatives are lipopeptide antibiotics produced by Bacillus subtilis and several closely related bacteria. Three iturin group operons (i.e., iturin A, mycosubtilin, and bacillomycin D) of those antibiotic-producing strains have been cloned and sequenced thus far, strongly implying the horizontal transfer of these operons. To examine the nature of such horizontal transfer in terms of antibiotic production, a 42-kb region of the B. subtilis RB14 genome, which contains a complete 38-kb iturin A operon, was transferred via competent cell transformation to the genome of a non-iturin A producer, B. subtilis 168, using a method based on double-crossover ...
https://keio.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/horizontal-transfer-of-iturin-a-operon-itu-to-bacillus-subtilis-1
Restoration of motility to an Escherichia coli fliA flagellar mutant by a Bacillus subtilis sigma factor | PNASRestoration of motility to an Escherichia coli fliA flagellar mutant by a Bacillus subtilis sigma factor | PNAS
The activation of additional promoter sites by production of an alternative sigma subunit for RNA polymerase is a common strategy for the coordinate regulation of gene expression. Many alternative sigma factors control genes for specialized, and often narrowly distributed, functions. For example, most of the alternative sigma factors in Bacillus subtilis control genes necessary for endospore formation. In contrast, the B. subtilis sigma D protein controls the expression of genes important for flagellar-based motility and chemotaxis, a form of locomotion very broadly distributed in the eubacteria. A homologous sigma factor, sigma F, controls a similar group of motility genes in the enteric bacteria. The conservation of both promoter specificity and genetic function in these two regulons allowed us to test the ability of a B. subtilis sigma factor to function within an Escherichia coli host. We demonstrate that expression of the B. subtilis sigD gene restores motility to an E. coli strain mutant ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/89/11/5123?ijkey=fea300a657002a64198999452ba4bc04742ac307&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Purification and Characterization of Bacillus subtilis CheY<...Purification and Characterization of Bacillus subtilis CheY<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Purification and Characterization of Bacillus subtilis CheY. AU - Bischoff, David S.. AU - Kirsch, Michael L.. AU - Ordal, George W.. AU - Bourret, Robert B.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1993. Y1 - 1993. N2 - Amino acid sequence comparison suggests that numerous proteins are common to the signal transduction pathways controlling Chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. However, previous work has indicated several differences between the two systems. We have undertaken a comparative study of the roles of the CheY protein in Chemotaxis by B. subtilis and E. coli. Although CheY from the two species share only 36% amino acid sequence identity, purified B. subtilis CheY was phosphorylated in vitro by E. coli CheA, and dephosphorylation of CheY-P was enhanced by E. coli CheZ. Alteration of the putative site of phosphorylation in B. subtilis CheY, Asp54, eliminated Chemotaxis in vivo, further confirming that phosphorylation is ...
https://experts.illinois.edu/en/publications/purification-and-characterization-of-bacillus-subtilis-chey
The sigma B-dependent promoter of the Bacillus subtilis sigB operon is induced by heat shock. | Journal of BacteriologyThe sigma B-dependent promoter of the Bacillus subtilis sigB operon is induced by heat shock. | Journal of Bacteriology
sigma B, a secondary sigma factor of Bacillus subtilis, was found to increase 5- to 10-fold when cultures were shifted from 37 to 48 degrees C. Western blot (immunoblot) analyses, in which monoclonal antibodies specific for the sigB operon products RsbV, RsbW, and sigma B were used to probe extracts from wild-type and mutant B. subtilis strains, revealed that all three proteins increased coordinately after heat shock and that this increase was dependent on sigma B but not RsbV, a positive regulator normally essential for sigma B-dependent sigB expression. Nuclease protection experiments of RNA synthesized after heat shock supported the notion that the shift to 48 degrees C enhanced transcription from the sigB operons sigma B-dependent promoter. The level of mRNA initiating at the sigma B-dependent ctc promoter was also seen to increase approximately 5- to 10-fold after heat shock. Pulse-labeling of the proteins synthesized after a shift to 48 degrees C demonstrated that sigB wild-type and ...
https://jb.asm.org/content/175/7/1929?ijkey=e17807eaa10734379107b6d87bfd929e74e7bd00&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Cloning and expression of inulin fructotransferase gene of Arthrobacter sp. A-6 in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Cloning and expression of inulin fructotransferase gene of Arthrobacter sp. A-6 in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. AU - Kim, H. Y.. AU - Kim, C. W.. AU - Cho, Y. J.. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - The inulin fructotransferase (depolymerizing) (IFTase, EC 2.4.1.93) gene of Arthrobacter sp. A-6 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The IFTase gene consisted of an ORF of 1,311 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 436 amino acids containing a signal peptide of 31 amino acids in the N-terminus. The molecular mass of the IFTase based on the nucleotide sequence was calculated to be 46,116 Da. The recombinant E. coli DH5α cells expressing the Arthrobacter sp. A-6 IFTase gene produced most of the IFTase intracellularly. In contrast, the recombinant B. subtilis DB 104 carrying the IFrase gene on a B. subtilis-E. coli expression vector secreted the IFrase into the culture fluid efficiently.. AB - The inulin fructotransferase (depolymerizing) (IFTase, EC ...
https://koreauniv.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/cloning-and-expression-of-inulin-fructotransferase-gene-of-arthro
Expression dynamics of the poly-γ-glutamic acid biosynthesis genes of Bacillus subtilis in response to glucose and glutamic...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Expression dynamics of the poly-γ-glutamic acid biosynthesis genes of Bacillus subtilis in response to glucose and glutamic acid-a pilot study. AU - Tiwari, Deepika Pandey. AU - Chatterjee, Poonam Mishra. AU - Rotti, Harish. AU - Chand, Bipin. AU - Raval, Ritu. AU - Dubey, Ashok Kumar. PY - 2018/11/1. Y1 - 2018/11/1. N2 - Poly-γ-glutamic acid (PGA) is biosynthesized by various Bacillus species through PGA synthetase, encoded by the PGA operon comprised of the ywsC and ywtABC genes. Due to the minimal available knowledge, understanding the expression pattern of PGA operon genes is pivotal. In this study, the effect of glucose and glutamic acid on the global gene expression profile of Bacillus subtilis Natto3 was investigated using high throughput microarray, with an emphasis on the PGA operon and genes influencing PGA production. Two treatment groups (set1-in the presence of glutamic acid and set2-in the presence of glutamic acid + glucose) were analyzed against the control (in ...
https://manipal.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/expression-dynamics-of-the-poly-%CE%B3-glutamic-acid-biosynthesis-gene
An antifungal compound produced by Bacillus subtilis YM 10-20 inhibits germination of Penicillium roqueforti conidiospores<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An antifungal compound produced by Bacillus subtilis YM 10-20 inhibits germination of Penicillium roqueforti conidiospores. AU - Chitarra, G.S.. AU - Breeuwer, P.. AU - Nout, M.J.R.. AU - van Aelst, A.C.. AU - Rombouts, F.M.. AU - Abee, T.. PY - 2003. Y1 - 2003. N2 - Aims: To identify and characterize an antifungal compound produced by Bacillus subtilis YM 10-20 which prevents spore germination of Penicillium roqueforti . Methods and Results: The antifungal compound was isolated by acid precipitation with HCl. This compound inhibited fungal germination and growth. Identification by HPLC and mass spectrometry analysis showed high similarity to iturin A. Permeabilization and morphological changes in P. roqueforti conidia in the presence of the inhibitor were revealed by fluorescence staining and SEM, respectively. Conclusions: The iturin-like compound produced by B. subtilis YM 10-20 permeabilizes fungal spores and blocks germination. Significance and Impact of the Study: ...
https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/an-antifungal-compound-produced-by-bacillus-subtilis-ym-10-20-inh
Involvement of ResE phosphatase activity in down-regulation of ResD-controlled genes in Bacillus subtilis during aerobic growth...Involvement of ResE phosphatase activity in down-regulation of ResD-controlled genes in Bacillus subtilis during aerobic growth...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Involvement of ResE phosphatase activity in down-regulation of ResD-controlled genes in Bacillus subtilis during aerobic growth. AU - Nakano, M. M.. AU - Zhu, Y.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. N2 - The ResD-ResE signal transduction system is required for aerobic and anaerobic respiration in Bacillus subtilis. The histidine sensor kinase ResE, by functioning as a kinase and a phosphatase for the cognate response regulator ResD, controls the level of phosphorylated ResD. A high level of phosphorylated ResD is postulated to cause a dramatic increase in transcription of ResDE-controlled genes under anaerobic conditions. A mutant ResE, which retains autophosphorylation and ResD phosphorylation activities but is defective in ResD dephosphorylation, allowed partially derepressed aerobic expression of the ResDE-controlled genes. The result indicates that phosphatase activity of ResE is regulated by oxygen availability and ...
https://ohsu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/involvement-of-rese-phosphatase-activity-in-down-regulation-of-re-2
Student Work | A reverse genetic screen of Candida albicans mutants to understand its interaction with Bacillus subtilis within...
Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogenic fungus, lives commensally in the human gut. Caenorhabditis elegans, an ideal host organism for microbiome studies, pre-exposed to the beneficial bacteria Bacillus subtilis are able to resist wildtype C. albicans infections and live longer than naive worms. We have identified C. albicans mutants that showed significant difference in lifespans of C. elegans with and without pre-exposure to B. subtilis. This approach will identify genes and pathways that modulate microbial interactions to alter host outcomes.. ...
https://digital.wpi.edu/concern/student_works/6m311r866?locale=en
The First in the World to Show Interaction of Related Bacillus Subtilis Bacteria Strains - University of Ljubljana
A team of researchers from the Biotechnical Faculty of the University of Ljubljana (Polonca Štefanič, Barbara Kraigher and Ines Mandić-Mulec) and their colleagues from Harvard University (Nick Lyons and Roberto Kolter) were the first to show the world that the Bacillus subtilis bacteria strains are implementing kin discrimination. This means that only the swarms of the most closely related strains interact. This research and its findings were published in the renowned journal PNAS and triggered exceptional interest in the international research community, since the descriptions of kin discrimination in microorganisms are extremely rare, and no one had yet examined the kin discrimination in sympatric bacteria populations.. The genetic profile of the Bacillus subtilis bacteria is very well known, which is why it serves as an excellent model for further research of mechanisms and the meaning of kin discrimination for the evolution and territoriality of bacteria, as well as for the development of ...
http://www.uni-lj.si/research_and_development/the_most_prominent_research_achievements/achivements_2016/2017011914282710/
Modelling the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus subtilis spores by nonthermal plasmas - CLOK - Central Lancashire Online...Modelling the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus subtilis spores by nonthermal plasmas - CLOK - Central Lancashire Online...
The inactivation performances of different nonthermal plasmas are often compared with each other in terms of their decimal reduction values, typically obtained by linearizing selected segments of their inactivation curves. However, this approach is subjective and can result in uncertainties in the prediction of this parameter. To overcome this, in this paper, the application of models capable of describing inactivation curves in their entirety is considered. The authors employ the Baranyi and Weibull models, both commonly used for microbial inactivation by heat. An empirical model based on a third-order polynomial to seek greater accuracy is further proposed. Using these three inactivation models, predictions of decimal reduction values for 11 plasma inactivation studies of Bacillus subtilis spores are obtained and compared with their reported values. Although the agreement obtained between these different approaches is generally fair, the current practice of segmented linearization is shown to ...
http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/28893/
An lrp-like gene of Bacillus subtilis involved in branched-chain amino acid transportAn lrp-like gene of Bacillus subtilis involved in branched-chain amino acid transport
article{4e41ad28-a68a-44c9-88fe-3468160150e0, abstract = {The azlB locus of Bacillus subtilis was defined previously by a mutation conferring resistance to a leucine analog, 4-azaleucine (J. B. Ward, Jr., and S. A. Zahler, J. Bacteriol. 116:727-735, 1973). In this report, azlB is shown to be the first gene of an operon apparently involved in branched-chain amino acid transport. The product of the azlB gene is an Lrp-like protein that negatively regulates expression of the azlBCDEF operon. Resistance to 4-azaleucine in azlB mutants is due to overproduction of AzlC and AzlD, two novel hydrophobic proteins.}, author = {Belitsky, B R and Gustafsson, Mattias and Sonenshein, A L and von Wachenfeldt, Claes}, issn = {0021-9193}, language = {eng}, number = {17}, pages = {5448--5457}, publisher = {American Society for Microbiology}, series = {Journal of Bacteriology}, title = {An lrp-like gene of Bacillus subtilis involved in branched-chain amino acid transport}, url = ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/1111908
Bacillus subtilis gnt repressor mutants that diminish gluconate-binding ability. | Journal of BacteriologyBacillus subtilis gnt repressor mutants that diminish gluconate-binding ability. | Journal of Bacteriology
The Bacillus subtilis gnt operon is negatively regulated by GntR, which is antagonized by gluconate. Three GntR mutants with diminished gluconate-binding ability were obtained. Two were missense mutants (Met-209 to Ile and Ser-230 to Leu), whereas the third had a deletion of the C-terminal 23 amino acids. The mutant GntR proteins were unable to become properly detached from the gnt operator even in the presence of gluconate. ...
https://jb.asm.org/content/177/16/4813?ijkey=d62fc1e2cd2dd1ceebbc07c77a1e35b6ec96f2e2&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Threonine synthetase catalyzed conversion of phosphohomoserine to α ketobutyrate in Bacillus subtilis<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Threonine synthetase catalyzed conversion of phosphohomoserine to α ketobutyrate in Bacillus subtilis. AU - Schildkraut, I.. AU - Greer, S.. PY - 1973/12/1. Y1 - 1973/12/1. N2 - An enzyme activity of Bacillus subtilis was found that catalyzes the dephosphorylation and deamination of phosphohomoserine to α ketobutyrate, resulting in a bypass of threonine in isoleucine biosynthesis. In crude extracts of a strain deficient in the biosynthetic isoleucine inhibitable threonine dehydratase, phosphohomoserine was converted to α ketobutyrate. Phosphohomoserine conversion to α ketobutyrate was shown not to involve a threonine intermediate. Single mutational events affecting threonine synthetase also affected the phosphohomoserine deaminating activity, suggesting that the deamination of phosphohomoserine was catalyzed by the threonine synthetase enzyme. It was demonstrated in vivo, in a strain deficient in the biosynthetic threonine dehydratase, that isoleucine was synthesized from ...
https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/threonine-synthetase-catalyzed-conversion-of-phosphohomoserine-to
Bacillus subtilis und seine Stoffwechselprodukte als Agenzien zur Resistenzinduktion gegen Blattläuse auf Ackerbohne (Vicia...Bacillus subtilis und seine Stoffwechselprodukte als Agenzien zur Resistenzinduktion gegen Blattläuse auf Ackerbohne (Vicia...
In topical and systemic plant treatment, in three host-parasite systems, i.e. Vicia faba - Uromyces appendiculatus, Vicia faba - Aphis fabae and Triticum aestivum - Rhopalosiphum padi the culture filtrate and supernatant of Bacillus subtilis (FZB24, FZB37 and FZB38 from FZB Biotechnik Berlin) was shown to inhibit the development of urediospores produced by Uromyces appendiculatus. The performance of Aphis fabae and Rhopalosiphum padi was evaluated using life table tests where the aphids development time (tD), pre-reproduction time (td), relative growth rate (RGR) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) were assessed. A wide range of antibiosis effects in Aphis fabae and Rhopalosiphum padi was observed when the supernatant of Bacillus subtilis was used as foliar topical treatment. The tested aphids presented longer development and pre-reproduction time; conversely a lower relative growth rate and intrinsic rate of natural increase was observed. The investigation of the free amino acids of ...
https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/handle/18452/16221?C=N
Bacillus subtilis und seine Stoffwechselprodukte als Agenzien zur Resistenzinduktion gegen Blattläuse auf Ackerbohne (Vicia...Bacillus subtilis und seine Stoffwechselprodukte als Agenzien zur Resistenzinduktion gegen Blattläuse auf Ackerbohne (Vicia...
In topical and systemic plant treatment, in three host-parasite systems, i.e. Vicia faba - Uromyces appendiculatus, Vicia faba - Aphis fabae and Triticum aestivum - Rhopalosiphum padi the culture filtrate and supernatant of Bacillus subtilis (FZB24, FZB37 and FZB38 from FZB Biotechnik Berlin) was shown to inhibit the development of urediospores produced by Uromyces appendiculatus. The performance of Aphis fabae and Rhopalosiphum padi was evaluated using life table tests where the aphids development time (tD), pre-reproduction time (td), relative growth rate (RGR) and intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) were assessed. A wide range of antibiosis effects in Aphis fabae and Rhopalosiphum padi was observed when the supernatant of Bacillus subtilis was used as foliar topical treatment. The tested aphids presented longer development and pre-reproduction time; conversely a lower relative growth rate and intrinsic rate of natural increase was observed. The investigation of the free amino acids of ...
https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/handle/18452/16221
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Assessment of Tamarindus indica Extracts for Antibacterial ActivityIJMS | Free Full-Text | Assessment of Tamarindus indica Extracts for Antibacterial Activity
Ethanolic and aqueous (hot and cold) extracts of the fruit pulp, stem bark and leaves of Tamarindus indica were evaluated for antibacterial activity, in vitro, against 13 Gram negative and 5 Gram positive bacterial strains using agar well diffusion and macro broth dilution techniques, simultaneously. The fruit pulp extracts exhibited a wide spectrum of activity; the cold water extract against 95.5% of the test bacterial strains; and the hot water and ethanolic extracts against 90.9% and 86.4%, respectively. In contrast the cold water extract of the leaves and stem bark, each was active against 16.7%; while the ethanolic extract of each was active against 75% of the test strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranged from 7.81 mg/mL against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051 to 31.25 mg/mL against Escherichia coli ATCC 11775; and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged from 125 mg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 to 250 mg/mL against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051.
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/12/10/6385
rsbP 1 protein (Bacillus cereus) - STRING interaction networkrsbP 1 protein (Bacillus cereus) - STRING interaction network
Other names: ATCC 14579, B. cereus, BCRC 10603, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus endorhythmos, Bacillus medusa, Bacillus sp. 2479, Bacillus sp. BS2(2013b), Bacillus sp. BV4, Bacillus sp. JKR50, Bacillus sp. JKR62, Bacillus sp. JP44SK22, Bacillus sp. JP44SK37, Bacillus sp. JP44SK43, Bacillus sp. JP44SK45, Bacillus sp. JSG1(2014), Bacillus sp. KER 17, Bacillus sp. MZ-01, Bacillus sp. PXDK-1, Bacillus sp. Pf-1, Bacillus sp. V3, Bacillus sp. mmm86, CCM 2010, CCRC 10603, CCUG 7414, CIP 66.24, DSM 31, IAM 12605, IFO 15305, JCM 2152, LMG 6923, NBRC 15305, NCCB 75008, NCIMB 9373, NCTC 2599, NRRL B-3711, VKM B-504 ...
https://string-db.org/network/1396.DJ87_3681
kinA 2 protein (Bacillus cereus) - STRING interaction networkkinA 2 protein (Bacillus cereus) - STRING interaction network
Other names: ATCC 14579, B. cereus, BCRC 10603, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus endorhythmos, Bacillus medusa, Bacillus sp. 2479, Bacillus sp. BS2(2013b), Bacillus sp. BV4, Bacillus sp. JKR50, Bacillus sp. JKR62, Bacillus sp. JP44SK22, Bacillus sp. JP44SK37, Bacillus sp. JP44SK43, Bacillus sp. JP44SK45, Bacillus sp. JSG1(2014), Bacillus sp. KER 17, Bacillus sp. MZ-01, Bacillus sp. PXDK-1, Bacillus sp. Pf-1, Bacillus sp. V3, Bacillus sp. mmm86, CCM 2010, CCRC 10603, CCUG 7414, CIP 66.24, DSM 31, IAM 12605, IFO 15305, JCM 2152, LMG 6923, NBRC 15305, NCCB 75008, NCIMB 9373, NCTC 2599, NRRL B-3711, VKM B-504 ...
https://string-db.org/network/1396.DJ87_3220
Bacillus subtilisBacillus subtilis
... , known also as the hay bacillus or grass bacillus, is a Gram-positive, catalase-positive bacterium, found in ... Bacillus subtilis genome browser Type strain of Bacillus subtilis at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase (Wikipedia ... and renamed Bacillus subtilis by Ferdinand Cohn in 1872 (subtilis being the Latin for "fine, thin, slender"). B. subtilis cells ... "up-to-date information for all genes of Bacillus subtilis" Bacillus subtilis Final Risk Assessment on EPA.gov. Archived from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_subtilis
Bacillus subtilis ribonucleaseBacillus subtilis ribonuclease
Bacillus+subtilis+ribonuclease at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology (EC 3.1. ... Bacillus subtilis ribonuclease (EC 3.1.27.2, Proteus mirabilis RNase, ribonucleate nucleotido-2'-transferase (cyclizing)) is an ... Yamasaki M, Arima K (May 1967). "Regulation of intracellular ribonuclease of Bacillus subtilis by ATP and ADP". Biochimica et ... Yamasaki M, Arima K (October 1969). "Intracellular ribonuclease of Bacillus subtilis; specific inhibition by ATP and dATP". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_subtilis_ribonuclease
Sporulation in Bacillus subtilisSporulation in Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilis - Parts Registry Video - Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis Portal: Biology (Bacillus, Bacteriology, Gram- ... Bacillus Sporophyte Bacillus subtilis Stephens, Craig (1998). "Bacterial sporulation: A question of commitment?". Current ... Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria that is naturally found in soil and vegetation, and is known for its ... "Mathematical Modelling of the Sporulation-Initiation Network in Bacillus Subtilis Revealing the Dual Role of the Putative ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporulation_in_Bacillus_subtilis
Bacillus subtilis BSR sRNAsBacillus subtilis BSR sRNAs
In a screen of the Bacillus subtilis genome for genes encoding ncRNAs, Saito et al. focused on 123 intergenic regions (IGRs) ... Jahn N, Preis H, Wiedemann C, Brantl S (February 2012). "BsrG/SR4 from Bacillus subtilis--the first temperature-dependent type ... Irnov I, Sharma CM, Vogel J, Winkler WC (October 2010). "Identification of regulatory RNAs in Bacillus subtilis". Nucleic Acids ... "Novel small RNA-encoding genes in the intergenic regions of Bacillus subtilis". Gene. 428 (1-2): 2-8. doi:10.1016/j.gene. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_subtilis_BSR_sRNAs
Bacillus subtilis type I antitoxin SR6Bacillus subtilis type I antitoxin SR6
Reif C, Löser C, Brantl S (February 2018). "Bacillus subtilis Type I antitoxin SR6 Promotes Degradation of Toxin yonT mRNA and ... Several type I TA systems have been described in B. subtilis. YonT/SR6 system is located on the SPβ prophage of the B. subtilis ... "Type I toxin-antitoxin systems in Bacillus subtilis". RNA Biology. 9 (12): 1491-1497. doi:10.4161/rna.22358. PMID 23059907. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_subtilis_type_I_antitoxin_SR6
Roberto KolterRoberto Kolter
Branda, SS; González-Pastor, JE; Ben-Yehuda, S; Losick, R; Kolter, R (2001). "Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis". ... Shank, EA; Klepac-Ceraj, V; Collado-Torres, L; Powers, GE; Losick, R; Kolter (2011). "Bacillus subtilis forming biofilms are ... van Gestel, J; Vlamakis, H; Kolter; Collectives, Cell (2015). "Bacillus subtilis Uses Division of Labor to Migrate". PLOS Biol ... Lyons NA, Kolter R. Bacillus subtilis Protects Public Goods by Extending Kin Discrimination to Closely Related Species. mBio. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Kolter
Polypeptide antibioticPolypeptide antibiotic
A common polypeptide antibiotic is bacitracin, derived from the bacteria; Bacillus subtilis. As a therapeutic drug, it has ... Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic derived from a bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and acts against bacteria through the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypeptide_antibiotic
Glycine riboswitchGlycine riboswitch
In Bacillus subtilis, this riboswitch is found upstream of the gcvT operon which controls glycine degradation. It is thought ... Babina AM, Lea NE, Meyer MM (October 2017). "Bacillus subtilis". mBio. 8 (5). doi:10.1128/mBio.01602-17. PMC 5666159. PMID ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycine_riboswitch
Soil steam sterilizationSoil steam sterilization
Bacillus subtilis, etc.). Different types of such steam application are also available in practice, including substrate ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_steam_sterilization
LichenaseLichenase
ISBN 0-8412-0095-5. "Lichenase endo-1-3-1-4-beta-D-Glucanase Bacillus subtilis". megazyme.com. Retrieved 2019-06-25. McCleary, ... "Lichenase from Bacillus subtilis". Biomass Part A: Cellulose and Hemicellulose. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 160. Academic Press ... 4-glucanase from Bacillus subtilis 168". Process Biochemistry. 46 (5): 1202-1206. doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2011.01.037. ISSN 1359- ... bonds The best-characterised variant of this of enzyme is Bacillus subtilis lichenase, which is used as a molecular biology ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichenase
PolyhydroxyalkanoatesPolyhydroxyalkanoates
Recombinant Bacillus subtilis str. pBE2C1 and Bacillus subtilis str. pBE2C1AB were used in production of polyhydroxyalkanoates ... "Bioconversion of fish solid waste into PHB using Bacillus subtilis based submerged fermentation process". Environmental ... "Bacillus and biopolymer: Prospects and challenges". Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports. 12: 206-13. doi:10.1016/j.bbrep. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyhydroxyalkanoates
Minimal genomeMinimal genome
Essential Bacillus subtilis genes., in: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100, 4678-4683 (April 15, 2003) Kowalski, Heather. "First Self- ... subtilis, where the data comes from Genome News Network The organisms listed in this table have been systematically tested for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_genome
MinicellMinicell
Reeve, John N.; Mendelson, Neil H.; Coyne, Sheila I.; Hallock, Linda L. (1973-05-01). "Minicells of Bacillus subtilis". Journal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minicell
Essential geneEssential gene
April 2003). "Essential Bacillus subtilis genes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of ... Commichau FM, Pietack N, Stülke J (June 2013). "Essential genes in Bacillus subtilis: a re-evaluation after ten years". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_gene
Competence factorCompetence factor
Similar circumstances also occur for Bacillus subtilis, and even then competence develops only in certain media. ... Solomon, J M (1995). "Convergent sensing pathways mediate response to two extracellular competence factors in Bacillus subtilis ... Dubnau, D (1991). "Genetic competence in Bacillus subtilis". Microbiological Reviews. 55 (3): 395-424. doi:10.1128/mr.55.3.395- ... Solomon, J M (1995). "Convergent sensing pathways mediate response to two extracellular competence factors in Bacillus subtilis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competence_factor
Sexual polaritySexual polarity
Šrogl, M. (5 March 1965). "Intraspecific transformation in Bacillus subtilis". Folia Microbiologica. 11 (1): 39-42. doi:10.1007 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_polarity
Glycine oxidaseGlycine oxidase
Job V, Marcone GL, Pilone MS, Pollegioni L (March 2002). "Glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis. Characterization of a new ... Nishiya Y, Imanaka T (November 1998). "Purification and characterization of a novel glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycine_oxidase
Rut Carballido LopezRut Carballido Lopez
"Shape determination in Bacillus subtilis." Current opinion in microbiology 10, no. 6 (2007): 611-616. "Rut Carballido-López, ... "The bacterial cytoskeleton: in vivo dynamics of the actin-like protein Mbl of Bacillus subtilis." Developmental cell 4, no. 1 ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rut_Carballido_Lopez
Bacillus virus phi29Bacillus virus phi29
In nature, the Φ29 phage infects Bacillus subtilis, a species of gram-positive, endospore-forming bacteria that is found in ... Errington, Jeffery; van der Aart, Lizah T (2020-05-11). "Microbe Profile: Bacillus subtilis: model organism for cellular ... "Assembly of Bacillus subtilis Phage Phi29. 1. Mutants in the Cistrons Coding for the Structural Proteins". European Journal of ... Bacillus virus Φ29 (bacteriophage Φ29) is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bacteriophage with a prolate icosahedral head and a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_virus_phi29
Bacterial patternsBacterial patterns
Experiments on Bacillus subtilis by Matsushita et al. Lacasta, A. M.; Cantalapiedra, I. R.; Auguet, C. E.; Peñaranda, A.; ... A large number of studies on pattern formation in bacterial colonies have been performed in Bacillus subtilis and in Proteus ... Employed models include: Reaction-diffusion system Cellular automata Colonies of Bacillus subtilis on a Petri dish can grow ... Reaction-diffusion model for Bacillus Subtilis. Some more images of patterns in bacterial growth can be found in: http://www. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_patterns
Origin and function of meiosisOrigin and function of meiosis
For instance, transformation occurs near the end of logarithmic growth, when amino acids become limiting in Bacillus subtilis, ... Anagnostopoulos C, Spizizen J (May 1961). "Requirements for Transformation in Bacillus Subtilis". Journal of Bacteriology. 81 ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_and_function_of_meiosis
Swarming motilitySwarming motility
Kearns, Daniel B.; Losick, Richard (2004). "Swarming motility in undomesticated Bacillus subtilis". Molecular Microbiology. 49 ... "Branched swarming patterns on a synthetic medium formed by wild-type Bacillus subtilis strain 3610: detection of different ... "Single-cell analysis in situ in a Bacillus subtilis swarming community identifies distinct spatially separated subpopulations ... Bacillus, Yersinia, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Vibrio and Escherichia. This multicellular behavior has been mostly observed in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarming_motility
Heptaprenyl diphosphate synthaseHeptaprenyl diphosphate synthase
Takahashi I, Ogura K, Seto S (1980). "Heptaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase from Bacillus subtilis". J. Biol. Chem. 255 (10): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heptaprenyl_diphosphate_synthase
Skin floraSkin flora
Bacillus subtilis creates strong foot odor. The skin creates antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidins that control the ... Bacillus oleronius, a Demodex associated microbe, is not typically found in the commensal skin microbiota but initiates ... and Bacilli) and many different types of rare bacteria. Other types of rare organisms were discovered inside the navels of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_flora
5-Deoxyinositol5-Deoxyinositol
... "myo-Inositol catabolism in Bacillus subtilis". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (16): 10415-10424. doi:10.1074/jbc. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-Deoxyinositol
Bacterial growthBacterial growth
Anagnostopoulos C, Spizizen J (1961). "Requirements for Transformation in Bacillus Subtilis". J. Bacteriol. 81 (5): 741-6. doi: ... as in Bacillus subtilis and in other bacteria. Natural genetic transformation is a form of DNA transfer that appears to be an ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_growth
Transformation (genetics)Transformation (genetics)
Competence development in Bacillus subtilis requires expression of about 40 genes. The DNA integrated into the host chromosome ... Saito Y, Taguchi H, Akamatsu T (April 2006). "DNA taken into Bacillus subtilis competent cells by lysed-protoplast ... Anagnostopoulos C, Spizizen J (May 1961). "Requirements for Transformation in Bacillus Subtilis". Journal of Bacteriology. 81 ( ... Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sanguinis and in Gram-positive soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis. It has also been ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_(genetics)
Secondary metaboliteSecondary metabolite
Bacitracin, from Bacillus subtilis (Tracy strain). Gramicidin, from Brevibacillus brevis. Polymyxin, from Paenibacillus ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_metabolite
Bacillus isolatesBacillus isolates
Bacillus is utilized in the production of the chemotherapy medicine L-asparaginase. Bacillus subtilis is utilized in the ... Bacillus subtilis can biosynthesize silver nanoparticles. Bacillus badius can be used to cleaves penicillin G to 6-amino ... Bacillus sonorensis MT93. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 May;80(10):2981-90. doi: 10.1128/AEM.04259-13 Bacillus subtilis ... Wikispecies has information related to Bacillus. Biology portal Bacillus subtilis, a culinary/industrial bacterium used to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_isolates
Long-term experimentLong-term experiment
Bacillus subtilis). The experiment comprises two oak wooden boxes containing duplicate samples, to be kept at the University of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-term_experiment
Halobacterium salinarumHalobacterium salinarum
... show the definite archaeal nature of this halophile with additional similarities to the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halobacterium_salinarum
YqaJ protein domainYqaJ protein domain
In molecular biology, the YqaJ refers to the YqaJ/K domain from the skin prophage of the bacterium, Bacillus subtilis. This ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YqaJ_protein_domain
List of homing endonuclease cutting sitesList of homing endonuclease cutting sites
"A self-splicing group I intron in the DNA polymerase gene of Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage SPO1". Cell. 63 (2): 417-24. doi: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_homing_endonuclease_cutting_sites
Bacillus selenitireducensBacillus selenitireducens
and proposal for an emended genus Bacillus limiting it only to the members of the Subtilis and Cereus clades of species". ... "Bacillus selenitireducens" at the Encyclopedia of Life Type strain of Bacillus selenitireducens at BacDive - the Bacterial ... Bacillus, Bacteria described in 1998, All stub articles, Bacilli stubs). ... Bacillus selenitireducens is a bacterium first isolated from Mono Lake, California. It is notable for respiring oxyanions of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_selenitireducens
7-cyano-7-deazaguanine synthase7-cyano-7-deazaguanine synthase
Cicmil N, Huang RH (August 2008). "Crystal structure of QueC from Bacillus subtilis: an enzyme involved in preQ1 biosynthesis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-cyano-7-deazaguanine_synthase
Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiencyTetrahydrobiopterin deficiency
The main test for confirmation of PKU is the Guthrie test, which is a Bacillus subtilis Bioassay. Phenyl pyruvate in urine can ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahydrobiopterin_deficiency
Cofactor transferase familyCofactor transferase family
In Bacillus subtilis, the transfer is from the glycine cleavage system H protein, GcvH, to other lipoyl domains. This is ... "A novel amidotransferase required for lipoic acid cofactor assembly in Bacillus subtilis". Mol. Microbiol. 80 (2): 350-63. doi: ... "A novel two-gene requirement for the octanoyltransfer reaction of Bacillus subtilis lipoic acid biosynthesis". Mol. Microbiol. ... because the octanoyltransferase of B. subtilis is specific for GcvH. Octanoyltransferases and lipoyl-amidotransferases are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofactor_transferase_family
Menaquinol oxidase (H+-transporting)Menaquinol oxidase (H+-transporting)
Lauraeus M, Wikström M (May 1993). "The terminal quinol oxidases of Bacillus subtilis have different energy conservation ... one of the respiratory oxidases from Bacillus subtilis, is a member of the heme-copper family of oxygen reductases. ... and of qox deletion mutants of Bacillus subtilis". Archives of Microbiology. 163 (6): 432-8. doi:10.1007/bf00272132. PMID ... "Characterization of the semiquinone radical stabilized by the cytochrome aa3-600 menaquinol oxidase of Bacillus subtilis". The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menaquinol_oxidase_(H -transporting)
Paenibacillus vortexPaenibacillus vortex
Aguilar C, Vlamakis H, Losick R, Kolter R: Thinking about Bacillus subtilis as a multicellular organism. Curr Opin Microbiol ... quorum signal integration and subpopulation signaling in the Bacillus subtilis phosphorelay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009, 106 ... Ash C, Priest FG, Collins MD: Molecular identification of rRNA group 3 bacilli (Ash, Farrow, Wallbanks and Collins) using a PCR ... McSpadden Gardener, Brian B. (2004). "Ecology of Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp. in Agricultural Systems". Phytopathology. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paenibacillus_vortex
Stenocarpella maydisStenocarpella maydis
Strains of Pseudomonas spp., P. fluorescens, Pantoea agglomerans, and Bacillus subtilis inhibited the development of this ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenocarpella_maydis
Peptidoglycan recognition protein 3Peptidoglycan recognition protein 3
Human PGLYRP3 is directly bactericidal for both Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, ... m-DAP is present in the third position of peptidoglycan peptide in Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacilli, whereas L- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptidoglycan_recognition_protein_3
CaprellaCaprella
1890 Caprella subtilis Mayer, 1903 Caprella takeuchi Guerra-García et al., 2001 Caprella tasmaniensis Guiler, 1954 Caprella ... 1973 Caprella bacillus Mayer, 1903 Caprella bathyalis Vassilenko, 1972 Caprella bathytatos Martin & Pettit, 1998 Caprella ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caprella
Raymond C. StevensRaymond C. Stevens
USA 89, 5281-5285 (1992). Stevens, R. C., Reinisch, K. M., & Lipscomb, W. N., "Molecular Structure of Bacillus subtilis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_C._Stevens
GermacroneGermacrone
... a potent agent against Bacillus subtilis". Chem Biodivers. 7 (11): 2783-800. doi:10.1002/cbdv.201000100. PMID 21072778.{{cite ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germacrone
Shewanella oneidensisShewanella oneidensis
Lemon, KP; Earl, AM; Vlamakis, HC; Aguilar, C; Kolter, R (2008). "Biofilm development with an emphasis on Bacillus subtilis". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shewanella_oneidensis
BioGRIDBioGRID
Bacillus subtilis 168 Bos taurus (cow) Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode worm) Candida albicans SC5314 Canis familiaris (dog) ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioGRID
RobertmurrayaRobertmurraya
In addition, the genus Bacillus has been emended to only include species closely related to Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus ... "Bacillus coreaensis", "Bacillus dakarensis" and "Bacillus yapensis", are also found to group with other members of ... of Bacillus acidocaldarius, Bacillus acidoterrestris, and Bacillus cycloheptanicus and Proposal for Creation of a New Genus, ... and proposal for an emended genus Bacillus limiting it only to the members of the Subtilis and Cereus clades of species". ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robertmurraya
Teichoic acidTeichoic acid
It is necessary in Bacillus subtilis W23 for Tar production, but S. aureus has both functions in the same TarL/K enzyme. TarL ( ... Note that the set of genes are named "Tag" (teichoic acid glycerol) instead of "Tar" (teichoic acid ribitol) in B. subtilis 168 ... subtilis as the main model strain, some linked UniProt entries are in fact the "Tag" ortholog as they are better annotated. The ... Bacillus, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, and Listeria, and appear to extend to the surface of the peptidoglycan layer. They can ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teichoic_acid
Peperomia pellucidaPeperomia pellucida
It may have potential as a broad spectrum antibiotic, as demonstrated in tests against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peperomia_pellucida
TRNA sulfurtransferaseTRNA sulfurtransferase
Wong TW, Weiss SB, Eliceiri GL, Bryant J (1970). "Ribonucleic acid sulfurtransferase from Bacillus subtilis W168 Sulfuration ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRNA_sulfurtransferase
Aspartate kinaseAspartate kinase
The main aspatokinases are lysC (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and many other bacteria), ask (Mycobacterium bovis, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartate_kinase
AutolysinAutolysin
When observed in the bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, there were potentially lethal amounts of autolysin found in the cell walls. ... Smith TJ, Blackman SA, Foster SJ (February 2000). "Autolysins of Bacillus subtilis: multiple enzymes with multiple functions". ... "Molecular cloning of a sporulation-specific cell wall hydrolase gene of Bacillus subtilis". Journal of Bacteriology. 175 (19): ... "Characterization of the involvement of two compensatory autolysins in mother cell lysis during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autolysin
Biogenic substanceBiogenic substance
ISBN 978-0-08-011577-1. Ren D, Sims JJ, Wood TK (2002). "Inhibition of biofilm formation and swarming of Bacillus subtilis by ( ... tested halogenated furanones produced by Delisea pulchra from the Rhodophyceae class against the growth of Bacillus subtilis. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenic_substance
Bacillus coagulansBacillus coagulans
and proposal for an emended genus Bacillus limiting it only to the members of the Subtilis and Cereus clades of species". ... Bacillus coagulans has been added by the EFSA to their Qualified Presumption of Safety list and has been approved for ... Bacillus coagulans (Weizmannia coagulans) is a lactic acid-forming bacterial species first isolated and described in 1915 by B. ... Bacillus coagulans is a Gram-positive, catalase-positive, spore-forming, motile, facultative anaerobe rod that measures ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_coagulans
Quaternary-amine-transporting ATPaseQuaternary-amine-transporting ATPase
Kempf B, Gade J, Bremer E (1997). "Lipoprotein from the osmoregulated ABC transport system OpuA of Bacillus subtilis: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternary-amine-transporting_ATPase
RiboswitchRiboswitch
2004) used BLAST to find UTRs homologous to all UTRs in Bacillus subtilis. Some of these homologous sets were inspected for ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboswitch
Alanine dehydrogenaseAlanine dehydrogenase
Yoshida A, Freese E (February 1965). "Enzymic properties of alanine dehydrogenase of Bacillus subtilis". Biochimica et ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_dehydrogenase
Alan W. BernheimerAlan W. Bernheimer
Avigad, L. S. (1970). "Nature and Properties of a Cytolytic Agent Produced by Bacillus subtilis". Journal of General ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_W._Bernheimer
RuBisCORuBisCO
... are also found in the wild in organisms as common as Bacillus subtilis. This bacterium has a rbcL-like protein with a 2,3- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RuBisCO
Bacillus subtilis Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH) Protein (His tag), Recombinant | ABIN1458314Bacillus subtilis Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH) Protein (His tag), Recombinant | ABIN1458314
Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Malate Dehydrogenase Protein exprimiert von Yeast. Konjugiert mit His tag.Bestellen Sie Protein ... Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) Produktmerkmale Please inquire if you are interested in this recombinant protein expressed in E ...
https://www.antikoerper-online.de/protein/1458314/Malate+Dehydrogenase+MDH+AA+2-312+protein+His+tag/
4WO7: Crystal Structure of PrsA from Bacillus subtilis4WO7: Crystal Structure of PrsA from Bacillus subtilis
RTECS:CO9450000 - Bacillus subtilis bpn - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSHRTECS:CO9450000 - Bacillus subtilis bpn - The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances | CDC/NIOSH
A meta description is an HTML tag in the HTML code of your website, which allows you to customize a section of text that describes the page itself. It plays a role in how your page is seen by search engine crawlers, and how it appears in SERPs
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh-rtecs/CO903210.html
RCSB PDB - 1AK1: FERROCHELATASE FROM BACILLUS SUBTILISRCSB PDB - 1AK1: FERROCHELATASE FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS
Bacillus subtilis. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: hemH. EC: 4.99.1.1 (PDB Primary Data), 4.99.1.9 (UniProt). ...
https://www.rcsb.org/structure/1ak1
Global Transcriptional Analysis of Virus-Host Interactions between Phage ϕ29 and Bacillus subtilisGlobal Transcriptional Analysis of Virus-Host Interactions between Phage ϕ29 and Bacillus subtilis
... J Virol. 2016 Sep 29;90(20): ... Here, we analyze genome-wide interactions of Bacillus subtilis and its lytic phage ϕ29 during the early stage of infection. ... an insight into the genome-wide transcriptional response of the Gram-positive model Bacillus subtilis to phage ϕ29 infection. ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27489274/
A spore quality-quantity tradeoff favors diverse sporulation strategies in Bacillus subtilis | The ISME JournalA spore quality-quantity tradeoff favors diverse sporulation strategies in Bacillus subtilis | The ISME Journal
... during spore revival determines the fitness advantage associated with different sporulation behaviors in Bacillus subtilis. By ... 2: Natural B. subtilis isolates utilize different life-cycle strategies.. a Bacillus subtilis strain PS216 is a soil isolate, ... Leser TD, Knarreborg A, Worm J. Germination and outgrowth of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis spores in the ... A spore quality-quantity tradeoff favors diverse sporulation strategies in Bacillus subtilis. *Alper Mutlu ORCID: orcid.org/ ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-020-0721-4?error=cookies_not_supported&code=3173bc30-afc5-4d89-be27-225bda1bd686
SCOP 1.67: Species: Bacillus subtilisSCOP 1.67: Species: Bacillus subtilis
Timeline for Species Bacillus subtilis [TaxId:1423] from b.60.1.5 Hypothetical protein YwiB: *Species Bacillus subtilis [TaxId: ... Species Bacillus subtilis [TaxId:1423] from b.60.1.5 Hypothetical protein YwiB appears in SCOP 1.69. *Species Bacillus subtilis ... PDB entry in Species: Bacillus subtilis:. *Domain(s) for 1r0u: *. Domain d1r0ua_: 1r0u A: [96741]. structural genomics. ... Lineage for Species: Bacillus subtilis. *Root: SCOP 1.67 *. Class b: All beta proteins [48724] (141 folds). ...
http://scop.berkeley.edu/sunid=101868&ver=1.67
Bacillus subtilis variant natto Bacteremia of Gastrointestinal Origin, Japan - Volume 28, Number 8-August 2022 - Emerging...
Hashimoto T, Hayakawa K, Mezaki K, Kutsuna S, Takeshita N, Yamamoto K, et al. Bacteremia due to Bacillus subtilis: a case ... subtilis does not (3). bioF and bioW are biotin biosynthetic operons in B. subtilis (4). Compared with the B. subtilis subsp. ... Bacillus subtilis cultures on E9 minimal medium agar plates with and without biotin. From left to right in each column, 0.5 ... Bacillus subtilis cultures on E9 minimal medium agar plates with and without biotin. From left to right in each column, 0.5 ...
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/28/8/21-1567
Table of Contents: Identifizierung und Charakterisierung von Siderophorbindungsproteinen aus Bacillus subtilis ::...Table of Contents: Identifizierung und Charakterisierung von Siderophorbindungsproteinen aus Bacillus subtilis ::...
Identifizierung und Charakterisierung von Siderophorbindungsproteinen aus Bacillus subtilis Um die Versorgung mit dem ... streptavidin matrix and treated with the cell lysate of a Bacillus subtilis culture, which allowed the successful ... Furthermore, the triscatecholate binding protein FeuA from B. subtilis was structurally and functionally characterized. ...
https://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/ubfind/Record/urn:nbn:de:hebis:04-z2011-0606/TOC
British Library EThOS: Structure/function relationships in the GerA spore germination recepter of bacillus subtilisBritish Library EThOS: Structure/function relationships in the GerA spore germination recepter of bacillus subtilis
Structure/function relationships in the GerA spore germination recepter of bacillus subtilis ...
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515272
KEGG BRITE: Transporters - Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis 168KEGG BRITE: Transporters - Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis 168
Transporters - Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis 168. [ Brite menu , Download htext , Download json , Copy URL , Help ] ...
https://www.kegg.jp/brite/bsu02000
talks.cam : Role of a new endoribonuclease YacP in selective mRNA turnover in Bacillus subtilistalks.cam : Role of a new endoribonuclease YacP in selective mRNA turnover in Bacillus subtilis
Role of a new endoribonuclease YacP in selective mRNA turnover in Bacillus subtilis. Add to your list(s) Download to your ... Role of a new endoribonuclease YacP in selective mRNA turnover in Bacillus subtilis ...
http://talks.cam.ac.uk/talk/index/64405
SciELO - Brazil - On the use of a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis - strain DSM 17299) as growth promoter in broiler diets On the...SciELO - Brazil - On the use of a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis - strain DSM 17299) as growth promoter in broiler diets On the...
Bacillus subtilis (8 x 105 CFUs/g feed); T3 Negative Control + Bacillus subtilis (3 x 105 CFUs/ g de feed) and T4 Positive ... Bacillus subtilis (8 x 105 CFUs/g feed); T3 Negative Control + Bacillus subtilis (3 x 105 CFUs/g feed) and T4 Positive Control ... Bacillus subtilis (8 x 10(5) CFUs/g feed); T3 - Negative Control + Bacillus subtilis (3 x 10(5) CFUs/ g de feed) and T4 - ... subtilis. It is concluded that the Bacillus subtilis probiotic can be used as a growth promoter in broiler diets. ...
https://www.scielo.br/j/rbca/a/YQsPS3L6pfRjqchxntLtZsK/?lang=en
Ribosome dimerization is essential for the efficient regrowth of Bacillus subtilis | Microbiology SocietyRibosome dimerization is essential for the efficient regrowth of Bacillus subtilis | Microbiology Society
In this study, we found that the 70S ribosomes of Bacillus subtilis dimerized during the early stationary phase and these ... Drzewiecki K., Eymann C., Mittenhuber G., Hecker M. 1998; The yvyD gene of Bacillus subtilis is under dual control of sigma B ... Ashikaga S., Nanamiya H., Ohashi Y., Kawamura F. 2000; Natural genetic competence in Bacillus subtilis natto OK2. J Bacteriol ... Varón D., Brody M. S., Price C. W. 1996; Bacillus subtilis operon under the dual control of the general stress transcription ...
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000234
AID 1086391 - Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 after 24 to 48 hr by broth microdilution method -...AID 1086391 - Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 after 24 to 48 hr by broth microdilution method -...
Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 after 24 to 48 hr by broth microdilution method. ...
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1086391
Repositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto: Estudo da morfogénese da esporulação do Bacillus subtilisRepositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto: Estudo da morfogénese da esporulação do "Bacillus subtilis"
Dissertação de Doutoramento em Farmácia, área de especialização em Microbiologia, apresentada à Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do ...
https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/10156
Effects of Bacillus subtilis on performance, immune system and gut in Salmonella-challenged broilersEffects of Bacillus subtilis on performance, immune system and gut in Salmonella-challenged broilers
SIKANDAR, A. et al. Effects of Bacillus subtilis on performance, immune system and gut in Salmonella-challenged broilers. S. ... The goal of this study was to compare the effects of Bacillus subtilis and the antibiotic enrofloxacin on growth performance, ... Group SP was infected with Salmonella and treated orally with the probiotic B. subtilis. Initially the groups that were ... Prophylactic use of B. subtilis-type probiotics had similar effects to the use of antibiotics, alleviated the stress related to ...
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0375-15892020000500002&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
An exopolysaccharide from Bacillus subtilis alleviates airway inflammatory responses via the NF-κB and STAT6 pathways in...An exopolysaccharide from Bacillus subtilis alleviates airway inflammatory responses via the NF-κB and STAT6 pathways in...
Bacillus subtilis is an intestinal probiotic for immune homeostasis and its exopolysaccharide (EPS) is known to possess anti- ... Bacillus subtilis KCTC 11782BP-produced alginate oligosaccharide effectively suppresses asthma via T-helper cell type 2-related ... Exopolysaccharide from Bacillus subtilis induces anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages that prevent T cell-mediated disease ... Bacillus subtilis-mediated protection from Citrobacter rodentium-associated enteric disease requires espH and functional ...
https://portlandpress.com/bioscirep/article/42/1/BSR20212461/230674/An-exopolysaccharide-from-Bacillus-subtilis
Bacillus subtilis spores competitively exclude Escherichia coli O78: K80 in poultry<...Bacillus subtilis spores competitively exclude Escherichia coli O78: K80 in poultry<...
Bacillus subtilis spores competitively exclude Escherichia coli O78: K80 in poultry. Roberto M. La Ragione, Gabriella Casula, ... Bacillus subtilis spores competitively exclude Escherichia coli O78: K80 in poultry. Veterinary Microbiology. 2001 Mar 20;79(2 ... Bacillus subtilis spores competitively exclude Escherichia coli O78 : K80 in poultry. / La Ragione, Roberto M.; Casula, ... La Ragione, R. M., Casula, G., Cutting, S. M., & Woodward, M. J. (2001). Bacillus subtilis spores competitively exclude ...
https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/en/publications/bacillus-subtilis-spores-competitively-exclude-escherichia-coli-o
BJOC - Secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis impact the assembly of soil-derived semisynthetic bacterial communitiesBJOC - Secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis impact the assembly of soil-derived semisynthetic bacterial communities
Secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis impact the assembly of soil-derived semisynthetic bacterial communities ... have shown that the supplementation of B. subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (now identified as Bacillus velezensis), and ... The B. subtilis strains were added at a community assembly phase when Bacillus was the dominating genus, so that the general ... Bacillus subtilis is a well-studied soil bacterium and is used as a model organism for biofilm formation and sporulation [30]. ...
https://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjoc/articles/16/248
Amino Acids Associated with Optimized Alkaline Protease Production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 Using Statistical ApproachAmino Acids Associated with Optimized Alkaline Protease Production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 Using Statistical Approach
Abstract: Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 was exploited to produce amino acids on a medium containing olive cake as non- ... Amino Acids Associated with Optimized Alkaline Protease Production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 Using Statistical Approach. ... Amino Acids Associated with Optimized Alkaline Protease Production by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774 Using Statistical Approach. ... Initially, the potential proteolysis of B. subtilis ATCC 11774 was sequentially optimized for protease production based on ...
https://scialert.net/abstract/index.php?doi=biotech.2014.252.262
YtqI from Bacillus subtilis has both oligoribonuclease and pAp-phosphatase activity - Research - Institut PasteurYtqI from Bacillus subtilis has both oligoribonuclease and pAp-phosphatase activity - Research - Institut Pasteur
Firmicutes including Bacillus subtilis do not have an Oligoribonuclease (Orn) homologous protein and it is not yet understood ... An ytqI mutant in B. subtilis shows impairment of growth in the absence of cysteine, a phenotype resembling that of a cysQ ...
https://research.pasteur.fr/en/publication/ytqi-from-bacillus-subtilis-has-both-oligoribonuclease-and-pap-phosphatase-activity/
Bacillus subtilis attachment to Aspergillus niger hyphae results in mutually altered metabolism - Fingerprint - Welcome to...Bacillus subtilis attachment to Aspergillus niger hyphae results in mutually altered metabolism - Fingerprint - Welcome to...
Bacillus subtilis attachment to Aspergillus niger hyphae results in mutually altered metabolism. ... Dive into the research topics of Bacillus subtilis attachment to Aspergillus niger hyphae results in mutually altered ...
https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/bacillus-subtilis-attachment-to-aspergillus-niger-hyphae-results-/fingerprints/
Kin discrimination promotes horizontal gene transfer between unrelated strains in Bacillus subtilis<...
Bacillus subtilis is a soil bacterium that is competent for natural transformation. Genetically distinct B. subtilis swarms ... N2 - Bacillus subtilis is a soil bacterium that is competent for natural transformation. Genetically distinct B. subtilis ... AB - Bacillus subtilis is a soil bacterium that is competent for natural transformation. Genetically distinct B. subtilis ... "Bacillus subtilis is a soil bacterium that is competent for natural transformation. Genetically distinct B. subtilis swarms ...
https://pennstate.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/kin-discrimination-promotes-horizontal-gene-transfer-between-unre
Stage-specific fluorescence intensity of GFP and mCherry during sporulation In Bacillus Subtilis | BMC Research Notes | Full...Stage-specific fluorescence intensity of GFP and mCherry during sporulation In Bacillus Subtilis | BMC Research Notes | Full...
While observing the recruitment of the transcription machinery into the forespore of sporulating Bacillus subtilis, we noticed ... Sporulation in the Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis has been studied for many years as a paradigm for understanding ... Stage-specific fluorescence intensity of GFP and mCherry during sporulation In Bacillus Subtilis. *Geoff P Doherty1, ... Kunst F, Rapoport G: Salt stress is an environmental signal affecting degradative enzyme synthesis in Bacillus subtilis. J ...
https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1756-0500-3-303
A part toolbox to tune genetic expression in Bacillus subtilis - INRAE - Institut national de recherche pour lagriculture, l...A part toolbox to tune genetic expression in Bacillus subtilis - INRAE - Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l...
... such libraries are lacking for the Gram-positive model Bacillus subtilis, a key organism for basic research and ... We then selected native, constitutive promoters of B. subtilis and efficient RBS sequences from which we engineered three ... This toolbox of regulatory components will support many research and engineering applications in B. subtilis. ... subtilis We first designed a modular Expression Operating Unit (EOU) facilitating parts assembly and modifications and ...
https://hal.inrae.fr/view/index/identifiant/hal-02639876
Expression of a novel gene, gluP, is essential for normal Bacillus subtilis cell division and contributes to glucose export |...Expression of a novel gene, gluP, is essential for normal Bacillus subtilis cell division and contributes to glucose export |...
The Bacillus subtilis glucokinase operon was predicted to be comprised of the genes, yqgP (now named gluP), yqgQ, and glcK. We ... The Bacillus subtilis glucokinase operon was predicted to be comprised of the genes, yqgP (now named gluP), yqgQ, and glcK. We ... Mesak, L.R., Mesak, F.M. & Dahl, M.K. Expression of a novel gene, gluP, is essential for normal Bacillus subtilis cell division ... Arnaud M, Vary P, Zagorec M, Klier A, Débarbouillé M, Postma P, Rapoport G: Regulation of the sacPA operon of Bacillus subtilis ...
https://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2180-4-13
Stability studies on a lipase from Bacillus subtilis in guanidinium chloride. | Scholars@DukeStability studies on a lipase from Bacillus subtilis in guanidinium chloride. | [email protected]
Stability studies on a lipase from Bacillus subtilis in guanidinium chloride. ... Lipase from Bacillus subtilis is a lidless lipase that does not show interfacial activation. Due to exposure of the active ... Stability studies on a lipase from Bacillus subtilis in guanidinium chloride. Journal Article (Journal Article) ...
https://scholars.duke.edu/display/pub1327328
TETRANITRO-BLUE TETRAZOLIUM REDUCTION IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller University PressTETRANITRO-BLUE TETRAZOLIUM REDUCTION IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS | Journal of Cell Biology | Rockefeller University Press
TETRANITRO-BLUE TETRAZOLIUM REDUCTION IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS , Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 27, Issue 1, 1 October 1965, Pages ... W. Leene, Woutera van Iterson; TETRANITRO-BLUE TETRAZOLIUM REDUCTION IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS . J Cell Biol 1 October 1965; 27 (1 ... THE DEMONSTRATION OF THE SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE SYSTEM IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS USING TETRANITRO-BLUE TETRAZOLIUM COMBINED WITH ...
https://rupress.org/jcb/article/27/1/237/16721/TETRANITRO-BLUE-TETRAZOLIUM-REDUCTION-IN-BACILLUS
Bacillus subtilis as a Candidate for Consolidated Bioprocessing: Microbial Cell Wall Engineering for the Display of...Bacillus subtilis as a Candidate for Consolidated Bioprocessing: Microbial Cell Wall Engineering for the Display of...
... and to create a stabilized cell surface display system in the model Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. In Chapters 2 ... and elucidated factors affecting surface protein stability in Bacillus subtilis. I constructed a reporter system that displays ... subtilis, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and lactic acid bacteria. They also compare the recombinant cellulolytic activities that ... Bacillus subtilis as a Candidate for Consolidated Bioprocessing: Microbial Cell Wall Engineering for the Display of ...
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/445833d0
BacteriaProbioticSporesBacteriumGenesOrganismStrainsGram-positive model BacillusNattoExpression in Bacillus subtilisCharacterizationProteinsPumilusSpeciesProteaseColiLicheniformisMutantsEnzymeCereusBacterialMetabolismSporulationRecombinant2017CompoundsMicroorganismsSoilSubspOutcomesCulturesPseudomonasGene expressionMicrobialMutationProbioticsStabilityBeneficialTransportersBiotinResistanceDeletionBiotechnologyAntibacterialLipaseContributesBroth microdilutionAntibioticAntifungal
Bacteria20
  • B. subtilis was also detected along with multiple other bacteria by culture of ascites fluid collected intraoperatively. (cdc.gov)
  • Bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis , utilize glucose via at least two discrete pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The reviews cover in extensive detail the different modes of protein display in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, B. subtilis, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and lactic acid bacteria. (escholarship.org)
  • A bacteria known as Bacillus Subtilis! (uyirorganic.farm)
  • Most bacteria that are advantageous to plant growth are Pseudomonas and Bacillus species. (uyirorganic.farm)
  • Bacillus subtilis not only directly reduces plant pathogenic bacteria but also increases plant disease resistance by activating the plant's disease resistance potential. (uyirorganic.farm)
  • BACILLUS SUBTILIS rapidly consumes free oxygen in the intestine, causing intestinal hypoxia, promoting the growth of beneficial anaerobic bacteria and indirectly inhibiting the growth of other pathogenic bacteria. (jxfineway.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis is also a common endophytic bacteria in plants. (lin-chemical.com)
  • This bacteria is widely distributed in soil and decaying organic matter, and it is easy to multiply in subtilis infusion, hence the name Bacillus subtilis. (lin-chemical.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis is a common intestinal probiotic, which can prevent pathogenic bacteria from colonizing the intestinal tract, exert "nutritional magic" in places invisible to the naked eye, and can also produce subtilisin, polymyxin, nystatin, short Bacitracin and other active substances can inhibit pathogenic bacteria and enhance immunity, and have a very wide range of applications in medicine and health. (lin-chemical.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis is a spore-forming bacteria, meaning it can withstand high temperatures and survive passage through the stomach acids. (dralexrinehart.com)
  • Bacillus organisms especially HU58 produce natural antimicrobial compounds that can crowd out unwanted bacteria, particularly in the small intestine where they reside. (dralexrinehart.com)
  • The YycG/YycF two-component system, originally identified in Bacillus subtilis, is very highly conserved and appears to be specific to low G + C Gram-positive bacteria. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • While Tat pathways in Gram-negative bacteria and chloroplast thylakoids consist of conserved TatA, TatB and TatC subunits, the Tat pathways of Bacillus species and many other Gram-positive bacteria stand out for their minimalist nature with the core translocase being composed of essential TatA and TatC subunits only. (rug.nl)
  • To determine how these methods affect both bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes, Dodd and his team used a model system: a harmless soil bacterium called Bacillus subtilis. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Alpha-hemolytic streptococci are the most common organisms involved, although P vulgaris and other bacteria (eg, E coli, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus subtilis, staphylococci, pneumococci) have been implicated. (medscape.com)
  • Beneficial biofilm formation by industrial bacteria Bacillus subtilis and related species. (semanticscholar.org)
  • We demonstrate the capability of this system by showing measured spectra of a variety of airborne particles generated in the laboratory from road dust, ammonium sulfate, Bacillus subtilis and other bacteria prepared under various conditions, allergens, cigarette smoke, and chicken-house dust. (cdc.gov)
  • He took Bacillus subtilis, a common bacteria naturally found in the human gut and also used to ferment beans in Japanese culture, and used gene-editing to give it the ability to produce enzymes that break down acetaldehyde- lots of those enzymes. (qz.com)
  • Each capsule contains 96 mg (18 billion CFU) of a bacterial consortium of eight strains of GRAS-classified bacteria that include Bacillus subtilis de111™, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus plantarum TBC0036, Lactobacillus reuteri, Leuconostoc mesenteroides TBC0037, and Pediococcus acidilactici. (who.int)
Probiotic9
  • The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis, strain DSM 17299) in broiler diets on feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. (scielo.br)
  • It is concluded that the Bacillus subtilis probiotic can be used as a growth promoter in broiler diets. (scielo.br)
  • Bacillus subtilis is an intestinal probiotic for immune homeostasis and its exopolysaccharide (EPS) is known to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. (portlandpress.com)
  • Results of this study suggest that b. subtilis isolated from camel milk has potential as a probiotic strain. (icbcongress.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis forms a probiotic environment in the soil, promotes the formation of agglomerates, improves soil fertility and water retention, increases soil porosity, and promotes root growth. (lin-chemical.com)
  • Megasporebiotic is a probiotic supplement that contains HU58 as well as other strains of Bacillus subtilis and is the industry leader. (dralexrinehart.com)
  • B. subtilis can be used as a probiotic to increase immunological activity. (invivobio.net)
  • In aquaculture and fish farming, Bacillus pumilus strain has been extensively recognized as a probiotic for plants and humans. (invivobio.net)
  • An environmentally friendly and powerful probiotic bacterium, Bacillus subtilis is found protecting plant roots around the world. (bioprotect.bio)
Spores3
  • Bacillus differs from Pseudomonas because it can create spores, whereas Pseudomonas cannot. (uyirorganic.farm)
  • The effect of filter material on bioaerosol collection of Bacillus subtilis spores used as a Bacillus anthracis simulant. (cdc.gov)
  • 26. Leaper S. Synergistic killing of spores of Bacillus subtilis by peracetic acid and alcohol. (bvsalud.org)
Bacterium10
  • Bacillus subtilis is a gram-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming bacterium temporarily present in the human gastrointestinal tract ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Bacillus subtilis is a soil bacterium that is competent for natural transformation. (elsevier.com)
  • Sporulation in the Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis has been studied for many years as a paradigm for understanding the molecular basis for differential gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While widely available for the Gram-negative model bacterium Escherichia coli, such libraries are lacking for the Gram-positive model Bacillus subtilis, a key organism for basic research and biotechnological applications. (inrae.fr)
  • In order to facilitate surface protein engineering efforts, work described in this dissertation seeks to define the mechanism of covalent protein attachment to Gram-positive cell surfaces, and to create a stabilized cell surface display system in the model Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. (escholarship.org)
  • Bacillus probiotics are soil-dwelling bacterium that has been used as probiotics for over 50 years. (dralexrinehart.com)
  • Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a bacterium genus related to Bacillus, the BamHI restriction enzyme source. (invivobio.net)
  • Bacillus anthracis is a gram-positive, aerobic, spore-forming bacterium that causes anthrax in mammals [1]. (who.int)
  • The team worked with a strain of B. subtilis that overproduced a gene, called blt, which makes a protein that lets B. subtilis pump antibiotics out -- making the bacterium resistant to a variety of common antibiotics. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Here, we investigated the transcriptome and protein S-thioallylomes under allicin and diallyl tetrasulfane (DAS4) exposure in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. (cdc.gov)
Genes7
  • subtilis standard strain, the 2 biotin genes of the isolate in this study and the B. subtilis var. (cdc.gov)
  • The Bacillus subtilis glucokinase operon was predicted to be comprised of the genes, yqgP (now named gluP ), yqgQ , and glcK . (biomedcentral.com)
  • This repression was not dependent on either the fnr or resDE gene products, which have been shown to regulate expression of other B. subtilis genes in response to anaerobic conditions. (elsevier.com)
  • A DNA-motif analysis indicates that there are potentially up to 10 genes within the B. subtilis YycG/YycF regulon, mainly involved in cell wall metabolism and membrane protein synthesis. (archives-ouvertes.fr)
  • Phage -resistant mutants were selected from a mariner transposon-insertion library of B. subtilis 168 in which two bacterial genes , tagE and pgcA, which are required for the glycosylation of wall teichoic acid (WTA), were found to be disrupted, suggesting that WTA is the receptor for phage phi18. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mismatch-CRISPRi Reveals the Co-varying Expression-Fitness Relationships of Essential Genes in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. (ucsf.edu)
  • Identification of the genes encoding Mn2+-dependent RNase HII and Mg2+-dependent RNase HIII from Bacillus subtilis: classification of RNases H into three families. (semanticscholar.org)
Organism3
  • Endospores of the model organism Bacillus subtilis have been isolated from almost every niche on Earth, but primarily from the soil and from the gut flora of organisms that (partially) feed directly from the ground, including chickens, pigs, mice, and also humans [ 1 ]. (nature.com)
  • With its ability to secrete proteins directly into culture media, amenability to medium- and large-scale fermentation, no significant bias in codon usage, and designation by the U.S. FDA as an organism that is Generally Regarded As Safe (GRAS), it's not surprising that the majority of industrially-produced enzymes are expressed in Bacillus species such as B. subtilis . (mobitec.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis is considered a safe, benign organism. (bioprotect.bio)
Strains5
  • Through 16S amplicon sequencing, it was revealed that the invasion of NRP-producing B. subtilis strains had no major impact on the bacterial communities. (beilstein-journals.org)
  • Growth profiling of Lysinibacillus fusiformis M5 exposed to either spent media of the B. subtilis strains or pure surfactin indicated the sensitivity of this strain towards the biosurfactant surfactin. (beilstein-journals.org)
  • Genetically distinct B. subtilis swarms form a boundary upon encounter, resulting in killing of one of the strains. (elsevier.com)
  • It's one of the more potent strains of Bacillus probiotics. (dralexrinehart.com)
  • Bacillus subtilis strains play a pivotal role in the fermentation industry . (bvsalud.org)
Gram-positive model Bacillus1
  • This study provides, for the first time, an insight into the genome-wide transcriptional response of the Gram-positive model Bacillus subtilis to phage ϕ29 infection. (nih.gov)
Natto6
  • We report a case of bacteremia caused by Bacillus subtilis variant natto after a gastrointestinal perforation in a patient in Japan. (cdc.gov)
  • We identified a case of B. subtilis variant natto bacteremia in a patient in Japan. (cdc.gov)
  • reported that natto-fermented B. subtilis requires biotin and that nonfermented B. subtilis does not ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Natural genetic competence in Bacillus subtilis natto OK2. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Despite its unique smell, texture, taste, and soy-ness, I've grown to enjoy natto - all thanks to Bacillus subtilis. (marksdailyapple.com)
  • natto , B. subtilis var. (cdc.gov)
Expression in Bacillus subtilis1
  • A simple schematic of our project]] In order to improve keratinase expression in Bacillus subtilis, a host suited to industrial use, we decided to build a BioBrick for the best characterized and most efficient keratinase gene. (igem.org)
Characterization4
  • Construction and characterization of Bacillus subtilis deletion mutants lacking the prophage 2 - trnS region. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Isolation and characterization of long-chain-alkane degrading Bacillus thermoleovorans from deep subterranean petroleum reservoirs. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Characterization of bacillus spp. (google.co.id)
  • Characterization of a Bacillus subtilis 64-kDa DNA polymerase X potentially involved in DNA repair. (neb.com)
Proteins7
  • Firmicutes including Bacillus subtilis do not have an Oligoribonuclease (Orn) homologous protein and it is not yet understood which proteins accomplish the equivalent function in these organisms. (pasteur.fr)
  • Combined, this work furthers the development of Gram-positive bacterial systems for surface display by elucidating the mechanism of covalent cell surface protein attachment, and by identifying cellular and solution conditions that improve the stability of proteins on the surface of B. subtilis. (escholarship.org)
  • By using the method described here, it is possible to achieve a spontaneous release of recombinant proteins expressed endocellularly at high levels in B. subtilis without need of a cell breakage step. (elsevier.com)
  • Bacillus megaterium is mostly utilized in laboratories to synthesize a range of proteins and other helpful bio remediation agents. (invivobio.net)
  • Biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis requires expression of the eps and tapA-sipW-tasA operons to synthesize the extracellular matrix components, extracellular polysaccharide and TasA amyloid proteins, respectively. (nyu.edu)
  • For competitive advantage against other microorganisms, and ability to fully exploit available carbon and energy sources, Bacillus subtilis possesses a high number of proteins dedicated to the uptake of mono- and oligosaccharides. (unl.pt)
  • Altogether, we show here that allicin and DAS4 cause a strong oxidative, disulfide and sulfur stress response in the transcriptome and widespread S-thioallylation of redox-sensitive proteins in B. subtilis. (cdc.gov)
Pumilus3
  • Bacillus pumilus suffocates marine pathogens. (invivobio.net)
  • Studies were conducted to evaluate bell pepper transplants amended with formulation of consortium of two indigenous PGPR isolates (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus) in terms of increase in yield and disease resistance under field conditions. (iita.org)
  • Total fruit yield of bell pepper increased by 379.36% with PGPR consortium (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus). (iita.org)
Species2
  • Taken together, these results suggest that the EPS from B. subtilis alleviates asthmatic airway inflammation, which involves the reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the down-regulation of the STAT6 and NF-κB inflammatory pathways, which can further reduce Th2 cytokine expression and eosinophilic inflammation. (portlandpress.com)
  • IMSEAR at SEARO: Biological control of dermatophytic fungus Trichophyton species by Bacillus subtilis. (who.int)
Protease2
  • Initially, the potential proteolysis of B. subtilis ATCC 11774 was sequentially optimized for protease production based on statistical strategy. (scialert.net)
  • Bacillus subtilis can synthesize α - amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase and so on, which play a role in the digestive tract together with the digestive enzymes in animals. (jxfineway.com)
Coli4
  • An ytqI mutant in B. subtilis shows impairment of growth in the absence of cysteine, a phenotype resembling that of a cysQ mutant in E. coli. (pasteur.fr)
  • The results suggest that B. subtilis RNases HII and HIII may be functionally similar to E. coli RNases HI and HI, respectively, and it is proposed that Mn2-dependent RNase HII is universally present in various organisms and Mg2+-dependentRNase HIII, which may have evolved from RNaseHII, functions as a substitute for RNase HI. (semanticscholar.org)
  • We also wanted to determine if KerA expression in E. coli BL21-DE3 was comparable to that of B. subtilis. (igem.org)
  • Unlike the members of the Bacillus genus, E. coli has two membranes. (igem.org)
Licheniformis3
  • Additionally, Bacillus licheniformis was employed during the industrial revolution to generate pro-teases, amylase's, antibiotics, and a variety of other beneficial compounds for environmental and human health. (invivobio.net)
  • The keratin-degrading bacterial strain that is best characterized in the literature is Bacillus licheniformis PWD-1. (igem.org)
  • Like many secreted proteases in the Bacillus genus, KerA has a signal peptide, which is cleaved before KerA crosses the single plasma membrane of B. licheniformis. (igem.org)
Mutants4
  • Surprisingly, diverse feed-and-starvation cycles applied to mutagenized B. subtilis laboratory populations have failed to enrich for mutants with altered sporulation behavior [ 12 ]. (nature.com)
  • In this study, we have established soil-derived semisynthetic mock communities containing 13 main genera and supplemented them with B. subtilis P5_B1 WT, the NRP-deficient strain sfp , or single-NRP mutants incapable of producing surfactin, plipastatin, or bacillaene. (beilstein-journals.org)
  • Human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and IL-1ra mutants were constitutively expressed in recombinant Bacillus subtilis in endocellular and active form. (elsevier.com)
  • The results showed that the phage -resistant mutants grew as rapidly as the parental strain B. subtilis 168 at 42 °C, suggesting that these phage -resistant mutants may be used as starters in fermentation processes. (bvsalud.org)
Enzyme1
  • Krebs cycle enzyme activity in Bacillus subtilis was examined under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. (elsevier.com)
Cereus2
  • Bacillus Anthracis and Cereus are the most known Bacilli. (phosphokinase.com)
  • Transformation of Bacillus cereus vegetative cells by electroporation. (cocites.com)
Bacterial2
  • Our study provides a more in-depth insight into the influence of B. subtilis NRPs on semisynthetic bacterial communities and helps to understand their ecological role. (beilstein-journals.org)
  • B. subtilis phages can cause severe damage by infecting bacterial cells used in industrial fermentation processes. (bvsalud.org)
Metabolism1
  • In this report, a genome-scale reconstruction of Bacillus subtilis metabolism and its iterative development based on the combination of genomic, biochemical, and physiological information and high-throughput phenotyping experiments is presented. (ucsd.edu)
Sporulation4
  • Here we show both theoretically and experimentally that the nutrient supply during spore revival determines the fitness advantage associated with different sporulation behaviors in Bacillus subtilis . (nature.com)
  • The resilience of B. subtilis in the face of adjustments of its sporulation kinetics in the laboratory is in sharp contrast to the variability seen in nature. (nature.com)
  • Laboratory evolution [ 13 ] and selection experiments [ 12 ] have generally considered sporulation as an isolated trait, as sporulation in B. subtilis has conventionally been studied separately from spore revival. (nature.com)
  • 6) Bacillus subtilis has good stability and oxidation resistance in spore state by sporulation promotion and microencapsulation. (jxfineway.com)
Recombinant1
  • Bacillus subtilis has become an increasingly popular host for recombinant protein expression. (mobitec.com)
20172
  • Cette étude documentaire, analyse les données des patients diagnostiqués et traités pour tuberculose de 2007 à 2017 en RDC. (bvsalud.org)
  • Le taux d'accroissement au cours de cette décade était de 28,95%, soit de 66099 en 2007 à 93767 en 2017 pour les NP TP+. (bvsalud.org)
Compounds3
  • Bacillus subtilis secretes several compounds that stimulate plant development and protect against pathogen invasion. (uyirorganic.farm)
  • Bacillus subtilis products can secrete active compounds, activate plant defence mechanisms, boost crop immunity and disease resistance. (uyirorganic.farm)
  • Cell-wall-degrading compounds from Bacillus spp. (uyirorganic.farm)
Microorganisms1
  • Secondary metabolites provide Bacillus subtilis with increased competitiveness towards other microorganisms. (beilstein-journals.org)
Soil2
  • No replace of water, feed twice every day, and add nothing else but Soil Savior (composite Bacillus subtilis). (choko.asia)
  • A potent Bacillus subtilis-2 isolated from soil samples, showed 14 mm inhibition zone by spot inoculation method and 22 mm inhibition zone by well agar diffusion method against pathogenic test fungii. (who.int)
Subsp2
  • Compared with the B. subtilis subsp. (cdc.gov)
  • Bacillus subtilis subsp. (kegg.jp)
Outcomes2
  • Based on the growth outcomes, bacillus subtilis showed suitable resistance to ph and different concentrations of bile salts. (icbcongress.com)
  • The potential outcomes of Bacillus subtilis can be divided into two categories: spatial locus competition and nutritional competition. (uyirorganic.farm)
Cultures2
  • Bacillus subtilis cultures on E9 minimal medium agar plates with and without biotin. (cdc.gov)
  • The Bacillus cultures had been growing for 2 days when the cells in one of the fermenters lysed. (applewriters.com)
Pseudomonas1
  • An overview of the structural and functional diversity of LPBSs and their different biosynthetic mechanisms in Bacillus and Pseudomonas, including both typical and unique systems is provided. (semanticscholar.org)
Gene expression2
  • Here, we engineered a genetic toolbox comprising libraries of promoters, Ribosome Binding Sites (RBS), and protein degradation tags to precisely tune gene expression in B. subtilis We first designed a modular Expression Operating Unit (EOU) facilitating parts assembly and modifications and providing a standard genetic context for gene circuits implementation. (inrae.fr)
  • We then selected native, constitutive promoters of B. subtilis and efficient RBS sequences from which we engineered three promoters and three RBS sequence libraries exhibiting ∼14 000-fold dynamic range in gene expression levels. (inrae.fr)
Microbial1
  • This knowledge was primarily acquired in vitro when B. subtilis was competing with other microbial monocultures. (beilstein-journals.org)
Mutation1
  • Compared with the B. subtilis subspecies subtilis standard strain, the isolate had ≈50 fewer bases and the bioW region of the isolate had a single-nucleotide mutation that resulted in a termination codon for amino acid synthesis ( Appendix Figures 1-4). (cdc.gov)
Probiotics2
  • Prophylactic use of B. subtilis -type probiotics had similar effects to the use of antibiotics, alleviated the stress related to infection of S. gallinarum, and improved the growth performance, immune function, and gut mucosal development in broilers. (scielo.org.za)
  • Out of all the probiotics in the world, we love Bacillus subtilis for several reasons. (cafendo.com)
Stability2
  • Stability studies on a lipase from Bacillus subtilis in guanidinium chloride. (duke.edu)
  • Lastly, I created a cell surface display system described in Chapter 5, and elucidated factors affecting surface protein stability in Bacillus subtilis. (escholarship.org)
Beneficial1
  • As a result, Bacillus subtilis has a beneficial effect on treating and preventing illnesses such as root rot, double rot, and grey mould. (uyirorganic.farm)
Transporters1
  • Interestingly however, although MsmX is shown to be essential for energizing various ABC transporters we found that a second B. subtilis ATPase, YurJ, is able to complement its function when placed in trans at a different locus of the chromosome. (unl.pt)
Biotin3
  • Genotypic and phenotypic studies of biotin identified B. subtilis var. (cdc.gov)
  • Our biotin gene and biotin requirement testing confirmed that the isolate in this case was B. subtilis var. (cdc.gov)
  • bioF and bioW are biotin biosynthetic operons in B. subtilis ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Resistance3
  • Inducing plant resistance to diseases is one of the benefits of bacillus subtilis. (uyirorganic.farm)
  • In order to create disease resistance, B. subtilis, a biocontrol agent against rice sheath blight, can modulate the activity of enzymes relevant to disease resistance in rice leaf sheath cells. (uyirorganic.farm)
  • Bacillus coagulans has the highest resistance to acid and bile salts. (invivobio.net)
Deletion1
  • Construction and Analysis of Two Genome-Scale Deletion Libraries for Bacillus subtilis. (ucsf.edu)
Biotechnology2
  • Genetics and biotechnology of bacilli : [proceedings of the second International Conference on the Genetics and Biotechnology of Bacilli held at Stanford University, Stanford California July 6-8, 1983] / edited by A. T. Ganesan, James A. Hoch. (who.int)
  • by International Conference on Genetics and Biotechnology of Bacilli (2nd. (who.int)
Antibacterial2
  • Producing antibacterial substances is one of the benefits of bacillus subtilis. (uyirorganic.farm)
  • Bacillus subtilis is capable of creating a variety of antibacterial and bacteriostatic chemicals during its development. (uyirorganic.farm)
Lipase1
  • Lipase from Bacillus subtilis is a 'lidless' lipase that does not show interfacial activation. (duke.edu)
Contributes1
  • Bacillus subtilis contributes to the proper development of plants in various ways. (uyirorganic.farm)
Broth microdilution1
  • On day 11, only B. subtilis was isolated from the culture by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, and the antimicrobial drugs were changed to ampicillin/sulbactam (12 g/d) as indicated by antimicrobial susceptibility testing by broth microdilution ( Appendix Table). (cdc.gov)
Antibiotic1
  • Bacilysin, as the simplest peptide antibiotic made up of only L-alanine and L-anticapsin, is produced and excreted by Bacillus subtilis under the control of quorum sensing. (metu.edu.tr)
Antifungal1
  • The isolated Bacillus subtilis -2 has strong antifungal activity against dermatophytic fungi Trichophyton sp. (who.int)